hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Manuel Ugarte Soto
Manuel Ugarte Soto (1940 – 19 February 2024) was a Chilean police officer and lawyer who served as General Director of Carabineros de Chile during the periods of Eduardo Frei Ruíz-Tagle and Ricardo Lagos.

Carabineros de Chile
The Carabineros de Chile (lit. 'Carabiniers of Chile') are the Chilean national gendarmerie, who have jurisdiction over the entire national territory of the Republic of Chile. Created in 1927, their mission is to maintain order and enforce the laws of Chile. They reported to the Ministry of National Defense through the Undersecretary of Carabineros until 2011 when the Ministry of the Interior and Public Security gained full control over them. They are in practice separated fully from the three other military branches by department but still are considered part of the armed forces. Chile also has an investigative police force, the Investigations Police of Chile, also under the Interior and Public Security Ministry; a Maritime Police also exists for patrol of Chile's coastline.
Heterotermes ceylonicus
Heterotermes ceylonicus is a species of subterranean termite of the family Heterotermitidae. It is native to India and Sri Lanka. It is a wood destroying termites, which damage to logs, wooden structures of both natural and man-made such as tree stumps of Gravellia and Hevea brasiliensis, and tea plantations. It can be also found in mounds of Hypotermes obscuriceps.

Heterotermitidae
Heterotermitidae, or the Subterranean termites, is a family of termites that was elevated to family level from the subfamily Heterotermitinae,
formerly nested in Rhinotermitidae. Recent cladistic analyses as of 2024 position Heterotermitidae as sister to the Termitidae, forming the clade Geoisoptera. This family includes the most economically significant termites, Reticulitermes, Heterotermes, and especially Coptotermes with C. formosanus in particular costing an estimated >$2.2 billion in annual damages within the United States alone. They primarily feed through the soil-wood interface, foraging for food through the soil and mud tubes. The nests of most species are typically diffuse subterranean galleries and tunnels, however Coptotermes is known to build more complex centralized nests built from carton, with some species building mounds.
Park Jin-yong
Park Jin-yong (born 17 November 1993 in Muju) is a South Korean luger.

Park competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for South Korea. In the men's doubles event he competed with Cho Jung-myung, finishing 18th. He was also a part of the South Korean relay team, which finished 12th.

As of September 2014, Park's best performance at the FIL World Luge Championships is 23rd, in the 2013 Championships.

As of September 2014, Park's best Luge World Cup overall finish is 30th in 2013–14.

Park was a contestant in the 2023 Netflix reality competition Physical: 100. He was one of the five survivors who competed in the final quest and finished in third place.

Luge at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Team relay
The team relay luge at the 2014 Winter Olympics was held on 13 February 2014 at the Sliding Center Sanki in Rzhanaya Polyana, Russia. This was the inaugural event of the team relay at the Olympics. The competition was won by Germany. Russia and Latvia won silver and bronze, respectively.

On December 22, 2017 Albert Demchenko and Tatiana Ivanova of Russia were banned for doping violations. Results of the Russian team were voided. They successfully appealed against the lifetime ban as well as annulment of result at the court of arbitration for sport, and on 1 February 2018 the results were restored.
Discovery Bay (Antarctica)
Discovery Bay is a bay 5 km (3 mi) long and 3 km (2 mi) wide, indenting the north side of Greenwich Island, in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica. It had been known to sealers in the area since about 1821. It was charted and named in 1935 by Discovery Investigations personnel on the Discovery II.

The Chilean Antarctic Expedition of 1947, under the command of Captain Federico Guesalaga Toro, decided to rename the name Bahía Chile as the site of Chile's first permanent Antarctic base, Base Soberanía, now Capitán Arturo Prat Base.

Discovery Investigations
The Discovery Investigations were a series of scientific cruises and shore-based investigations into the biology of whales in the Southern Ocean. They were funded by the British Colonial Office and organised by the Discovery Committee in London, which was formed in 1918. They were intended to provide the scientific background to stock management of the commercial Antarctic whale fishery.

Discovery Investigations contributed greatly to knowledge of the whales, the krill they fed on and their habitat's oceanography, while charting the local topography, including Atherton Peak. They continued until 1951, with the final report published in 1980.

Collected specimens are in the Discovery Collections.
Scott Guggenheim
Scott Guggenheim is an American expert in international development and senior advisor to Afghan president Ashraf Ghani. He was formerly lead social scientist for East Asia and Pacific at the World Bank. He is also the senior social policy adviser for the AusAID-Indonesia Partnership Program.

Afghans
Afghans are the citizens and nationals of Afghanistan. Afghans comprise various ethnic groups, of which Tajiks, Pushtuns, Hazaras, and Uzbeks are the largest.

The two main languages spoken among the Afghan people are Dari (a variety of Persian) and Pashto. Historically, the ethnonym "Afghan" used to refer to Pashtuns, but later came to refer to all ethnicities in Afghanistan after the 1964 Constitution of Afghanistan proposed by King Mohammad Zahir Shah.
Ophir Airport
Ophir Airport (FAA LID: Z17) is a state-owned public-use airport located in Ophir, in the Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.

This airport is included in the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 which categorized it as a general aviation facility.

Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska
Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area (/ˈjuːkɒn ˈkaɪjəkək/ YOO-kon KY-yə-kək) is a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,343, down from 5,588 in 2010. With an area of 147,842.51 sq mi (382,910.3 km2), it is the largest of any county or county-equivalent in the United States. While slightly larger than the entire state of Montana, the census area only consists of 22.2% of Alaska's total area. It is part of the unorganized borough of Alaska and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest communities are the cities of Galena, in the west, and Fort Yukon, in the northeast.
Sonu Ke Titu Ki Sweety
Sonu Ke Titu Ki Sweety (transl. Sonu's Titu's Sweety), also abbreviated as SKTKS, is a 2018 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy film written and directed by Luv Ranjan. Produced by Luv Films and T-Series Films, the film was written by Luv Ranjan and Rahul Mody and edited by Akiv Ali. It stars Kartik Aaryan, Nushrat Bharucha and Sunny Singh. The film was released theatrically on 23 February 2018.

The film is Ranjan's fourth collaboration with Aaryan and Bharucha, and third with Singh.

Upon release, Sonu Ke Titu Ki Sweety became a surprise blockbuster and broke several box-office records for a low budget film with no established stars. It entered the 100 Crore Club in India net. The film grossed ₹152–156 crore in its lifetime theatrical run, emerging as a huge box office success. It is one of the highest-grossing Bollywood films of 2018.

Blockbuster (entertainment)
A blockbuster is a work of entertainment—typically used to describe a feature film produced by a major film studio, but also other media—that is highly popular and financially successful. The term has also come to refer to any large-budget production intended for "blockbuster" status, aimed at mass markets with associated merchandising, sometimes on a scale that meant the financial fortunes of a film studio or a distributor could depend on it.
Altynay Sapargalieva
Altynay Sapargaliyeva (Kazakh: Алтынай Сапарғалиева, Altynai Saparğalieva, التىناي ساپارعالئەۆا, pronounced [ɑltəˈnɑj sɑpɑrʁɑləjevˈnɑ]; born 30 November 1989) is a Kazakh singer who placed third in SuperStar KZ 3.

As a child, she sang a member of the girl's group Chinatown. She has performed in the Kazakh teen competition "Anshi Balapan", the "Jakhan Dala" competition in Aqtau, and the New Wave competition in Jurmala, Latvia.

Sapargaliyeva moved to New York City in 2010.

Aktau
Aktau (/ˌɑːkˈtaʊ/, UK also /ˌækˈtaʊ/; Kazakh: Ақтау, romanized: Aqtau, pronounced [ɑqtɑ́w] ⓘ) is a major port city in southwestern Kazakhstan, on the eastern shore of the Caspian Sea. Aktau is on the Mangyshlak Peninsula in the Mangystau Region.

Known for its strategic location on the Caspian Sea, Aktau is a port, playing a key role in the region's maritime trade, particularly oil and gas exports. The city’s economic growth is largely driven by the oil and energy sectors, being one of Kazakhstan's primary sources of oil. This economic focus has shaped the city's development, with many of its inhabitants working in the energy industry.

Aktau is also known for its coastal beauty, with beaches and scenic views of the Caspian Sea providing opportunities for leisure and tourism.
William Piers (priest)
William Piers, D.D. was an English Anglican priest in the 17th century.

The son of Bishop William Piers, Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University from 1621 to 1624, he was educated at Christ Church, Oxford. He held livings at Kingsbury Episcopi, Buckland St Mary, Cudworth, East Brent and Christian Malford. Piers was archdeacon of Bath from 1638 to 1443Horn, Joyce M. (1979), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857, vol. 5, pp. 18–20 and Archdeacon of Taunton from 1643 until his death 4 April 1682. He was also a canon residentiary at Wells Cathedral from 1639.

Buckland St Mary
Buckland St Mary is a village and parish in Somerset, England, situated 6 miles (9.7 km) to the west of Ilminster and 8 miles (12.9 km) south of Taunton, close to the A303.  The village has a population of 521. The parish is within the Blackdown Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and includes the hamlet of Birchwood.
Jason C. Kovacic
Jason C. Kovacic (born 1968) is an Australian-born cardiologist and physician-scientist; the Robert Graham Chair and Professor of Medicine, University of New South Wales; Executive Director of the Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute in Sydney, Australia; and Professor of Medicine (Cardiology) at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York.

St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney
St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney is a leading tertiary referral hospital and research facility located in Darlinghurst, Sydney. Though funded and integrated into the New South Wales state public health system, it is operated by St Vincent's Health Australia. It is affiliated with the neighbouring University of Notre Dame Australia and the University of New South Wales Medical School.
Timeline of numerical analysis after 1945
The following is a timeline of numerical analysis after 1945, and deals with developments after the invention of the modern electronic computer, which began during Second World War. For a fuller history of the subject before this period, see timeline and history of mathematics.

Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) is a professional society dedicated to applied mathematics, computational science, and data science through research, publications, and community. SIAM is the world's largest scientific society devoted to applied mathematics, and roughly two-thirds of its membership resides within the United States. Founded in 1951, the organization began holding annual national meetings in 1954, and now hosts conferences, publishes books and scholarly journals, and engages in advocacy in issues of interest to its membership. Members include engineers, scientists, and mathematicians, both those employed in academia and those working in industry. The society supports educational institutions promoting applied mathematics.

SIAM is one of the four member organizations of the Joint Policy Board for Mathematics.
O'Connell School
The O’Connell School is a secondary and primary school for boys located on North Richmond Street in Dublin, Ireland. The school, named in honour of the leader of Catholic Emancipation, Daniel O’Connell, has the distinction of being the oldest surviving Christian Brothers school in Dublin, having been first established in 1829. It is now under the trusteeship of the Edmund Rice Schools Trust.

The school offers the Junior Certificate and Leaving Certificate programmes.

Catholic emancipation
Catholic emancipation or Catholic relief was a process in the United Kingdom in the late 18th century and early 19th century, that involved reducing and removing many of the restrictions on Roman Catholics introduced by the Act of Uniformity, the Test Acts and the penal laws. Requirements to abjure (renounce) the temporal and spiritual authority of the pope and transubstantiation placed major burdens on Roman Catholics.
Iride Bicycles
Iride Bicycles is a brand of bicycles manufactured at the Gemmati Velocipedi factory, near the city of Venice, in the town of Teglio Veneto in northern Italy. It was established in 1919. The trademark was originated by Umberto Gemmati and continues to be produced by his grandson, Carlo Gemmati. The word iride refers to the spectrum of colors in the champion flag, and is pronounced like the root of the word iridescent.

Iridescence
Iridescence (also known as goniochromism) is the phenomenon of certain surfaces that appear gradually to change colour as the angle of view or the angle of illumination changes. Iridescence is caused by wave interference of light in microstructures or thin films. Examples of iridescence include soap bubbles, feathers, butterfly wings and seashell nacre, and minerals such as opal. Pearlescence is a related effect where some or most of the reflected light is white. The term pearlescent is used to describe certain paint finishes, usually in the automotive industry, which actually produce iridescent effects.
C. E. Humphry
C.E. Humphry (1843–1925), who often worked under the pseudonym "Madge", was a well-known journalist in Victorian-era England who wrote for and about issues relevant to women of the time. She wrote, edited and published many works throughout her career and is perhaps best known for originating what was known as the "Lady's Letter"-style column she wrote for the publication Truth, read throughout the British Empire. She was one of the first woman journalists in England.

The subject matter about which she wrote could be compared to that of Emily Post or Ann Landers.

Ask Ann Landers
Ann Landers was a pen name created by Chicago Sun-Times advice columnist Ruth Crowley in 1943 and taken over by Esther Pauline "Eppie" Lederer in 1955. For 56 years, the Ask Ann Landers syndicated advice column was a regular feature in many newspapers across North America. Owing to this popularity, "Ann Landers", though fictional, is now considered a national institution and cultural icon.
Knighthood (2020 video game)
Knighthood is a free-to-play, turn-based strategy game developed by Midoki and currently published by Miniclip, previously Phoenix Games and King, in which the player controls a warrior, fighting through levels to gain armour, weapons and other RPG style loot. Knighthood was globally released on February 26, 2020 and is still currently being updated, and has over 5 million downloads on Google Play as of 2023.

Miniclip
Miniclip is a Swiss mobile game publisher and former browser game website first launched on 30 March 2001. It was founded by Robert Small and Tihan Presbie with a budget of £40,000. In 2008, the company was valued at over £275 million. Ten years later, Miniclip generated more than $400 million in revenue from its mobile game, 8 Ball Pool.
Lothar Collatz
Lothar Collatz (German: [ˈkɔlaʦ]; July 6, 1910 – September 26, 1990) was a German mathematician, born in Arnsberg, Westphalia.

The "3x + 1" problem is also known as the Collatz conjecture, named after him and still unsolved. The Collatz–Wielandt formula for the Perron–Frobenius eigenvalue of a positive square matrix was also named after him.

Collatz's 1957 paper with Ulrich Sinogowitz, who had been killed in the bombing of Darmstadt in World War II, founded the field of spectral graph theory.

Bombing of Darmstadt in World War II
Darmstadt was bombed a number of times during World War II. The most devastating air raid on Darmstadt occurred during the night of 11/12 September 1944, when No. 5 Group of the Royal Air Force (RAF) bombed the city killing over 11,000 of the city's 110,000 inhabitants and making more than 65,000 homeless. Darmstadt had several major industrial targets including Merck and Rohm and Haas chemical works, as well as military communications networks.
Filippa Idéhn
Filippa Idéhn (born 15 August 1990) is a Swedish professional handballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Ikast Håndbold and the Swedish national team.

She was part of the Team Esbjerg side that won the 2015-16 Damehåndboldligaen, the first national championship in club history.

Sweden women's national handball team
The Sweden women's national handball team (Swedish: Sveriges damlandslag i handboll) is the national team of Sweden. It is governed by the Swedish Handball Federation (Swedish: Svenska Handbollförbundet) and takes part in international handball competitions.
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (also simply known as Tom Sawyer) is a novel by Mark Twain published on June 9, 1876, about a boy, Tom Sawyer, growing up along the Mississippi River. It is set in the 1830s–1840s in the town of St. Petersburg, which is based on Hannibal, Missouri, where Twain lived as a boy. In the novel, Sawyer has several adventures, often with his friend Huckleberry Finn. Originally a commercial failure, the book ended up being the best-selling of Twain's works during his lifetime.

Along with its 1885 sequel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the book is considered by many to be a masterpiece of American literature. It was alleged by Mark Twain to be one of the first novels to be written on a typewriter.

Masterpiece
A masterpiece, magnum opus (Latin for 'great work'), or chef-d'œuvre (French for 'master of work'; pl. chefs-d'œuvre; French: [ʃɛ.d‿œvʁ]) is a creation that has been given much critical praise, especially one that is considered the greatest work of a person's career or a work of outstanding creativity, skill, profundity, or workmanship.

Historically, a "masterpiece" was a work of a very high standard produced by an apprentice to obtain full membership, as a "master", of a craft guild or academy in various areas of the visual arts and crafts.
Aunglan Township
Aunglan Township (Burmese: အောင်လံမြို့နယ်), formerly Myayde Township (Burmese: မြေထဲမြို့နယ်) is a township of Aunglan District in southern Magway Region, Myanmar.  Its administrative seat is Aunglan. It is the southeasternmost township in Magway Region. The township has two towns, Aunglan and Myede with a total of 12 urban wards as well as 246 villages grouped into 91 village tracts.

Bago Region
Bago Region (Burmese: ပဲခူးတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, pronounced [bəɡó táɪɰ̃ dèθa̰ dʑí]; formerly Pegu Division and Bago Division) is an administrative region of Myanmar, located in the southern central part of the country. It is bordered by Magway Region and Mandalay Region to the north; Kayin State, Mon State and the Gulf of Martaban to the east; Yangon Region to the south and Ayeyarwady Region and Rakhine State to the west. It is located between 46°45'N and 19°20'N and 94°35'E and 97°10'E. It has a population of 4,867,373 (2014).
Pillow block bearing
A pillow block bearing (or plummer block) is a mounting used to support a rotating shaft, using a bearing in a housing which is bolted to a foundation with the mounted shaft in a parallel plane to the mounting surface and perpendicular to the center line of the mounting holes, as contrasted with various types of flange blocks or flange units.

Shaft (mechanical engineering)
In mechanical engineering, a shaft is a rotating machine element, usually circular in cross section, which is used to transmit power from one part to another, or from a machine which produces power to a machine which absorbs power.
Avetria Networks
Avetria Networks Inc. is a wholly owned private Canadian corporation. As a regional telecommunications company in the province of Ontario, Avetria provides telecommunications products and services including wireless and fiber internet access, voice, and IPTV television. The company is based in Southwestern Ontario, Maryhill, Ontario;  it was originally based in Bloomingdale, Ontario.  The company was first formed as a fixed wireless internet provider to provide internet to the communities of Woolwich, Maryhill, Ariss, West Montrose, Winterbourne, Conestogo and North Waterloo. Avetria Networks competes in the fiber to the home sector with Rogers Communications and Bell Canada.

Canadian corporate law
Canadian corporate law concerns the operation of corporations in Canada, which can be established under either federal or provincial authority.

Federal incorporation of for-profit corporations is governed by Corporations Canada under the Canada Business Corporations Act. All of the Canadian provinces and territories also have laws permitting (and governing) the incorporation of corporations within their area of jurisdiction. Often, the choice of whether to incorporate federally or provincially will be based on many business considerations, such as scope of business and the desire for application of particular rules which may be available under one corporate statute but not another.
David Voluck
David Avraham Voluck is an American judge, attorney, and author known for his specialization in federal Indian law and his long-standing service as a tribal court judge in Alaska. He is recognized for his work in developing tribal justice systems, particularly within the Tlingit and Haida communities, and for co-authoring the definitive legal treatise Alaska Natives and American Laws. He has credited the Native tribes with helping him become a more observant Jew.

Haida people
The Haida (English:  /ˈhaɪdə/, Haida: X̱aayda, X̱aadas, X̱aad, X̱aat) are an Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America. They constitute one of 203 First Nations in British Columbia and 231 federally recognized tribes in Alaska.

Their traditional territory include Haida Gwaii, an archipelago off the coast of British Columbia, and the southern half of Prince of Wales Island, in Southeast Alaska. Their language is Haida, a linguistic isolate. The Haida are known for their craftsmanship, trading skills, and seamanship. They are known to have frequently carried out raids and to have practiced slavery.

In Canada, the Haida are represented by Council of the Haida Nation (CHN), in addition to the two village band governments, Old Massett Village Council and Skidegate Band Council. Federally recognized Haida tribes in the United States include the Central Council of the Tlingit & Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska and the Hydaburg Cooperative Association.