hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vincent Barber
Joseph Vincent Barber (1788–1838), known as Vincent Barber, was an English landscape painter and art teacher.

Born in Birmingham, the son of artist and drawing master Joseph Barber, he took over the running of his father's drawing academy in Great Charles Street on the elder Barber's  death in 1811. Vincent Barber's students at the academy included Thomas Creswick, James Tibbits Willmore, Thomas Baker and Peter Hollins.

In 1809 he formed a separate  academy of life drawing, with his brother Charles Barber and his father's former pupil Samuel Lines, that would ultimately evolve into the Royal Birmingham Society of Artists and Birmingham School of Art.

Barber painted mainly landscapes, which he exhibited at the Royal Academy between 1812 and 1830. He retired in 1837 and travelled to Italy, dying of malaria in Rome in 1838.

Visual arts education
Visual arts education is the area of learning that is based upon the kind of art that one can see, visual arts—drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, and design in jewelry, pottery, weaving, fabrics, etc. and design applied to more practical fields such as commercial graphics and home furnishings. Contemporary topics include photography, video, film, design, and computer art. Art education may focus on students creating art, on learning to criticize or appreciate art, or some combination of the two.
Rashid Ahmad bin Fahad
Rashid Ahmad bin Fahad (Arabic: رَاشِـد أَحْـمَـد مُـحَـمَّـد بِـن فَـهَـد) was born in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates, in 1964. He was the Minister of Environment & Water from February 2008 to February 2016.

He holds a PhD in Civil Engineering (Environmental Specialization) from the University of Strathclyde, Scotland, UK (2001), a Master's in Environmental Sciences from the United Arab Emirates University in Al Ain (1994), and a Bachelor's in Chemical Engineering from Northeastern University in Boston, USA.

University of Strathclyde
The University of Strathclyde (Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh Shrath Chluaidh) is a public research university located in Glasgow, Scotland. Founded in 1796 as the Andersonian Institute, it is Glasgow's second-oldest university, having received its royal charter in 1964 as the first technological university in the United Kingdom. Taking its name from the historic Kingdom of Strathclyde, its combined enrolment of 25,000 undergraduate and graduate students ranks it Scotland's third-largest university, drawn with its staff from over 100 countries.

The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £430.6 million of which £119.5 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £440.1 million.
Justicia wynaadensis
Justicia wynaadensis is a small shrub or climber belonging to the family Acanthaceae, native to the Western Ghats region of South India, found in places such as Wayanad, Kodagu, Nilgiris, and Malabar Hills at elevations up to 3000 feet.

Kodagu district
Kodagu district (Kodava: [koɖɐɡɨ, -ʋɨ], also known by its former name Coorg, Kodava: koḍagï, koḍavï) is an administrative district in the Karnataka state of India. Before 1956, it was an administratively separate Coorg State at which point it was merged into an enlarged Mysore State.
Sonja Jógvansdóttir
Sonja J. Jógvansdóttir (born 9 November 1977 in Tórshavn) is a Faroese journalist, politician, and establisher and coordinator of Samtak, the Faroese trade union center.  Until 2015, she was a member of Social Democratic Party (Javnaðarflokkurin). She is a spokesperson for the rights of homosexual people and their rights in the Faroe Islands and was one of the establishers of LGBT Faroe Islands in 2011.

Tórshavn
Tórshavn (Faroese: [ˈtʰɔu̯ʂhau̯n] ⓘ; lit. 'Thor's harbour'; Danish: Thorshavn), locally referred to as Havn, is the capital and largest city of the Faroe Islands. It is located in the southern part on the east coast of Streymoy. To the northwest of the city lies the 347-meter-high (1,138 ft) mountain Húsareyn, and to the southwest, the 350-meter-high (1,150 ft) Kirkjubøreyn. They are separated by the Sandá River. The city itself has a population of 14,223 (2024), and the greater urban area has a population of 22,444, including the suburbs of Hoyvík and Argir.

The Norse (Scandinavians) established their parliament on the Tinganes peninsula in AD 850. Tórshavn thus became the capital of the Faroe Islands and has remained so ever since. Early on, Tórshavn became the centre of the islands' trade monopoly, thereby being the only legal place for the islanders to sell and buy goods. In 1856, the trade monopoly was abolished and the islands were left open to free trade.
John M. Diven
John Malvina Diven (April 24, 1852 – January 4, 1925) was a New York and South Carolina superintendent of several water utilities and an important figure in the early history of the American Water Works Association. He was honored by AWWA for his dedicated service with election to honorary membership and selection as a member of Water Industry Hall of Fame.

Elmira, New York
Elmira (/ɛlˈmaɪrə/) is a city in and the county seat of Chemung County, New York, United States. It is the principal city of the Elmira, New York, metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses Chemung County. The population was 26,523 at the 2020 census, down from 29,200 at the 2010 census, a decline of more than 7 percent.

The City of Elmira is in the south-central part of the county, surrounded on three sides by the Town of Elmira.  It is in the Southern Tier of New York, a short distance north of the Pennsylvania state line.

The city was the site of the Elmira Prison, a prisoner-of-war camp that held over 12,000 captured Confederate soldiers during the American Civil War. Elmira College is located within the city.
Ernst Idla
Ernst Idla (8 April 1901 – 5 December 1980) was an Estonian sport coach and sport pedagogue.

He was born in Särevere rural municipality, Järva County.

He participated on Estonian War of Independence, being a soldier in military unit called Kalevlaste Maleva.

In 1920s he was gymnastic pedagogue in several schools in Tallinn. In 1931 he established Tallinn Gymnastics Institute. In 1934 he initiated so-called radio gymnastics. He was one of the founders of Estonian Gymnasts' Federation.

In 1944 he fled to Sweden. In Sweden he directed Estonian gymnastic groups. In 1977, the gymnastic centre Idla Centre was established in Stockholm.

Awards:

1968: Order of Vasa, I rank

Järva County
Järva County (Estonian: Järva maakond or Järvamaa; German: Jerwen; Latin: Jervia) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It is located in the central part of the country, and it borders Lääne-Viru County to the east, Jõgeva County to the southeast, Viljandi County to the south, Pärnu County to the southwest, Rapla County to the west, and Harju County to the north. In 2022, Järva County had a population of 29,693, constituting 2.7% of the total population in Estonia.
Split screen (film and video production)
In film and video production, split screen is the visible division of the screen, traditionally in half, but also in several simultaneous images, rupturing the illusion that the screen's frame is a seamless view of reality, similar to that of the human eye. There may or may not be an explicit borderline. Until the arrival of digital technology, a split screen in films was accomplished by using an optical printer to combine two or more actions filmed separately by copying them onto the same negative, called the composite.

In filmmaking split screen is also a technique that allows one actor to appear twice in a scene. The simplest technique is to lock down the camera and shoot the scene twice, with one "version" of the actor appearing on the left side, and the other on the right side. The seam between the two splits is intended to be invisible, making the duplication seem realistic.

Compositing
Compositing is the process or technique of combining visual elements from separate sources into single images, often to create the illusion that all those elements are parts of the same scene. Live-action shooting for compositing is variously called "chroma key", "blue screen", "green screen" and other names. Today, most compositing is achieved through digital image manipulation. Pre-digital compositing techniques, however, go back as far as the trick films of Georges Méliès in the late 19th century, and some are still in use.
Linton Bridge
Linton Bridge carries the minor road that links Collingham and Linton over the River Wharfe near Wetherby in West Yorkshire, England.

The Grade II listed bridge was built out of rock-faced stone in the early to mid-19th century. Its parapet, terminating in square piers, was renewed later that century. It has three basket arches and rounded cutwaters.

The bridge was closed on 27 December 2015 after flood water, in the aftermath of Storm Eva, caused a pier to settle, cracking the carriageway and damaging its parapet. The closest road bridge linking the villages is Wetherby Bridge. The bridge reopened on 2 September 2017 after repairs costing £5.1 million. It was one of more than 100 bridges that were damaged in the aftermath of the storm.

Storm Eva
Storm Eva (also called Chuck, Staffan and other names) was the fifth named storm of the Met Office and Met Éireann's Name our Storms project. Heavy rainfall from Eva occurred around three weeks after Storm Desmond had brought severe flooding to parts of Northern England, exacerbating the ongoing situation. The low pressure was named Chuck by the Free University of Berlin and Staffan by the Swedish Meteorological Institute.
HMS Bullfinch
Four ships of the Royal Navy have been named Bullfinch.

HMS Bullfinch (1856), an Albacore-class gunboat

HMS Bullfinch (1868), a Plover-class gunvessel

HMS Bullfinch (1898), a Bullfinch-class destroyer

HMS Bullfinch (1940), a cable-laying ship

Albacore-class gunboat (1855)
The Albacore-class gunboat, also known as "Crimean gunboat", was a class of 98 gunboats built for the Royal Navy in 1855 and 1856 for use in the 1853-1856 Crimean War. The design of the class, by W. H. Walker, was approved on 18 April 1855. The first vessels were ordered the same day, and 48 were on order by July; a second batch, which included Surly, were ordered in early October.
Jack Why
Jack Why (3 April 1903 – 14 May 1944) was an Australian rugby league footballer who played in the 1920s and 1930s. A New South Wales state and Australian national representative three-quarter back, he played in the NSWRFL Premiership for the South Sydney club, winning the 1928, 1929, 1931 and 1932 titles with them. He was the brother of fellow South Sydney footballers, Oliver Why and Alby Why.

New South Wales Rugby League premiership
The New South Wales Rugby League premiership was the first rugby league football club competition established in Australia and contributor to today's National Rugby League. Run by the New South Wales Rugby League (initially named the New South Wales Rugby Football League) from 1908 until 1994, the premiership was the state's elite rugby league competition, parallel to Queensland's first-class league, the Brisbane Rugby League.

For most of the premiership's history it was contested by clubs from the state of New South Wales only, but later attempted to grow into a nationwide competition, eventually leading to the competition being played under the auspices of the Australian Rugby League in 1995.  Despite this name, the 1995 and 1996 Australian Rugby League Premierships competitions were still administered by the Board and staff of the New South Wales Rugby League.
Clement Plumsted
Clement Plumsted (bapt.Tooltip baptised 2 May 1680 – 26 May 1745): 168  was native of Norfolk and among the East Jersey proprietors associated with William Penn.: 167  A wealthy Quaker merchant,: 138  he served as mayor of Philadelphia in 1723, 1736, and 1741, as well as a Philadelphia councilman, alderman, and justice, and member of the Pennsylvania Provincial Council.: 167–168  He was also the father of William Plumsted, who also served as mayor of Philadelphia.

In October 1742, Plumsted was mayor during a riot later referred to as the "bloody election" where prominent members of the Proprietary Party hired sailors to "knock the Dutch off the steps" of the courthouse where elections were being held.: 148–149  The riot was said to be instigated by William Allen, and Plumsted was said to have not done anything to stop the violence which he excused due to age and illness.: 149

Proprietary Party
The Proprietary Party, also known as the Gentleman's Party, was a political party in the Pennsylvania Colony, primarily concerned with Anglicanism and supporting the rights of the colonies hereditary proprietors, the Penns. They were typically in opposition to the Quaker Party, which sometimes resulted in violence.

They were originally called the Proprietary Party, changed their name to the Gentlemen's Party in the 1740s, and reverted to the Proprietary Party in the 1750s.

The Paxton Boys' March on Philadelphia was preventing from entering by a delegation of Philadelphians with the promise that the legislature would discuss their complaints; however, this did not happen, and the party took advantage of publicizing it in 1764.

The party opposed the Stamp Act of 1765, allying themselves with Benjamin Franklin's opposition to the Act and placing themselves in leadership positions. They later opposed Franklin's appointment to the position of Colonial Agent in London.
Bob Carruthers (politician)
Robert Arthur Carruthers is a former Canadian politician. He represented the electoral district of Hants East in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1993 to 1998. He was a member of the Nova Scotia Liberal Party.

A graduate of Saint Mary's University and Dalhousie Law School, Carruthers started his own law firm in 1980. After serving two terms as a municipal councillor, Carruthers entered provincial politics in the 1993 election, winning the Hants East riding by 638 votes. A backbench member of the John Savage government, Carruthers was named caucus whip in 1996. Carruthers did not re-offer in the 1998 election.

Nova Scotia Liberal Party
The Nova Scotia Liberal Party (officially the Liberal Association of Nova Scotia) is a centrist provincial political party in Nova Scotia, Canada and the provincial section of the Liberal Party of Canada. The party currently holds two seats in the Legislature, under the interim leadership of Iain Rankin. The party was in power most recently from the 2013 election until the 2021 election.

The party is the only party in the province with uninterrupted presence in the legislature since confederation. It has formed the Government of Nova Scotia for 90 of the approximately 160 years since it became a province of Canada. It won 25 of the province's 42 elections, but was supplanted by the Nova Scotia New Democratic Party as the official opposition for three consecutive elections in 1999, 2003 and 2006, and again in the most recent election in 2024.
Jandala (Samahni Valley)
33°8′30″N 73°59′37″E﻿ / ﻿33.14167°N 73.99361°E﻿ / 33.14167; 73.99361

Jandala is a village in the Samahni Valley in the Bhimber District of Azad Kashmir, in Pakistan, about 6–7 km from Bindi. Nearby villages include Darhal, Kotli Gujjran, Barjun and Garhoon on the mountain, and Chadroon on the valley floor between Bindi and Jandala. The village is an employment hub for the area.

Bhimber District
Bhimber District (Urdu: ضلع بھمبر) is a district of Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. It is the southernmost of the 10 districts of Pakistan's territory of Azad Kashmir. It has an area of 1,516 km², and the district headquarter is the town of Bhimber.
Michele Savino
Michele Savino was a Broadway-based shoemaker and designer of ballet slippers. His clientele included the famed dancer Marilyn Miller, for whom he designed pointe shoes. According to appraiser Elyse Luray, this placed him at the "peak of his profession". He owned a shop located at 324 West 42nd Street. In April 1931, he filed a patent for a ballet slipper intended to contain "a structure which is light in weight, durable, and noiseless when in use." The patent was granted on April 3, 1934 (Pat No. 1,953,659).

Elyse Luray
Elyse Luray , born around 1967, is an American art historian and appraiser of historical objects who has become a television personality as a result of her appearances on a number of shows, most particularly as a member, since its premiere in 2003, of PBS's investigation-of-the-past series History Detectives.
Evergreen L-class container ship
The Evergreen L class is a series of 30 container ships built for Evergreen Marine. The ships were built by Samsung Heavy Industries in Korea and CSBC Corporation in Taiwan. These ships have a maximum theoretical capacity of around 8,500 to 9,500 twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU).

Some of the ships have been upgraded, starting in 2019 with the Ever Laden. Major changes include the addition of an exhaust scrubber system and the raising of the deck house and lashing bridges. This allows containers to be stacked higher on deck, which increases the maximum number of containers which the ships can carry by about 1,000 TEU. The work was carried out at the Huarun Dadong Dockyard in China.

CSBC Corporation, Taiwan
CSBC Corporation, Taiwan (Chinese: 台灣國際造船; pinyin: Táiwān Guójì Zàochuán, literally "Taiwan International Shipbuilding Corporation") is a company that produces ships for civilian and military use in Taiwan. It is headquartered in Kaohsiung, with shipyards in Kaohsiung and Keelung. For decades it was a state-owned enterprise which also produced commercial vessels for foreign customers, but it was privatized in 2008, involving an IPO.
2025 RFL 1895 Cup
The 2025 RFL 1895 Cup (also known as the 2025 AB Sundecks 1895 Cup) was the sixth staging of the RFL 1895 Cup, a rugby league competition for English and Welsh clubs competing in the Championship and League One.

RFL League One
The Rugby Football League's League One (known as the Betfred League One) was the third-highest division of rugby league in Britain. It was also the lowest level of professional rugby league in Britain.

Introduced in 2003 as National League 2 it was the first time British rugby league had a third tier since the old Third and Second Divisions merged  in 1998. The league was rebranded as Championship 1 in 2009, then League 1 in 2015, and League One in 2022.

The league was disbanded at the conclusion of 2025 due to the merger of the Championship and League One for the 2026 season.
Xi'an JH-7
The Xi'an JH-7 (simplified Chinese: 歼轰-7; traditional Chinese: 殲轟-7; pinyin: jiān hōng qī – fighter-bomber; NATO reporting name Flounder), also known as the FBC-1 (Fighter/Bomber China-1) Flying Leopard, is a Chinese tandem two-seat, twin-engine fighter-bomber/strike aircraft in service with the People's Liberation Army Naval Air Force (PLANAF), and the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF). The aircraft is produced by the Xi'an Aircraft Industrial Corporation (XAC); the design was developed with the 603 Institute (later the Xi'an Aviation Design and Research Institute).

The JH-7 entered service with the PLANAF in 1994. The JH-7A entered service with the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) in 2004.

Anti-radiation missile
An anti-radiation missile (ARM) is a missile designed to detect and home in on an enemy radio emission source. Typically, these are designed for use against an enemy radar, although jammers and even radios used for communications can also be targeted in this manner.

The earliest known anti-radiation weapon is a variant of the Blohm & Voss BV 246 radar guided bomb.
Christ Church Cathedral, Sendai
Christ Church Cathedral, located in Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan, is the  diocesan cathedral of the Tohoku Diocese of the Anglican Church in Japan, covering the parishes in the six prefectures of the Northeast Japan: Aomori, Iwate, Miyagi, Akita, Yamagata, and Fukushima.

Yamagata Prefecture
Yamagata Prefecture (山形県, Yamagata-ken) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. It has a population of 1,005,926 (1 February 2025) and an area of 9,325 km2 (3,600 sq mi). Its neighbours are Akita Prefecture to the north, Miyagi Prefecture to the east, Fukushima Prefecture to the south, and Niigata Prefecture to the southwest.

The capital and largest city is Yamagata, with other major cities being Tsuruoka, Sakata and Yonezawa. The prefecture is located on Japan's western Sea of Japan coast and its borders with neighboring prefectures are formed by various mountain ranges, with 17% of its total land area being designated as Natural Parks. Yamagata Prefecture formed the southern half of the historic Dewa Province with Akita Prefecture and is home to the Three Mountains of Dewa, which includes the Haguro Five-story Pagoda, a recognised National Treasure of Japan.
Matteo Gribaldi
Matteo Gribaldi Mofa (c. 1505 in Chieri – September 1564, in Farges) was an Italian legal scholar who became an Arian and defender of Michael Servetus.

He was instrumental in the spread of antitrinitarianism to Poland through his Polish students in Italy including Piotr of Goniądz, and in Germany the pole Michał Zaleski, as well as on Italian exiles in Geneva who later traveled to Poland and Transylvania such as Giorgio Biandrata, Giovanni Paolo Alciati, and Giovanni Valentino Gentile. He wrote a popular educational work on the way to study law, reprinted many times: De methodo ac ratione studendi libri tres (Lugduni, apud A. Vincentium, 1541).

Lelio Sozzini lived with Matteo Gribaldi in Padua for two months during the autumn of 1553.

Chieri
Chieri (Italian: [ˈkjɛːri]; Piedmontese: Cher) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin, Piedmont (Italy), located about 11 kilometres (7 miles) southeast of Turin, 15 km (9 mi) by rail and 13 km (8 mi) by road. It borders the following municipalities: Baldissero Torinese, Pavarolo, Montaldo Torinese, Pino Torinese, Arignano, Andezeno, Pecetto Torinese, Riva presso Chieri, Cambiano, Santena, and Poirino.
Consultive Junta (El Salvador)
The Consultive Junta (Spanish: Junta Consultiva) was the government of the province of El Salvador from 25 May 1823 to 17 June 1823.

The junta was composed of:

Mariano Prado, Supreme Political Chief

Colonel José Justo Milla, Intendant and Governor of the Province of San Salvador

Colonel José Rivas, Military Commander

José Justo Milla
José Justo Milla Pineda (1794 in Gracias – 1838) was a Honduran military leader who was the governor of the state of Honduras within the Federal Republic of Central America from 10 May 1827 to 13 September 1827. He was a member of the Liberal Party of Honduras. He fled his office in 1827 after losing to Francisco Morazán in the Battle of La Trinidad. Justo Milla spent the remainder of his life in Mexico, where he died, never living to see the dissolution of the Central American Republic and the independence of Honduras.
Fuji Television sexual harassment scandal
In December 2024, Japanese magazines such as Josei Seven and Shūkan Bunshun reported on sexual harassment and assault allegations against former television personality Masahiro Nakai. The reports also alleged that executives at Fuji Television (Fuji TV) were involved in covering up the accusations. The scandal resulted in several advertisers ending their partnerships with Fuji TV and led to the resignation of senior executives in January 2025. Due to its scale, the controversy has been referred to as the Fuji Television problem (フジテレビ問題, Fuji Terebi Mondai) or the Fuji Television incident (フジテレビ騒動, Fuji Terebi Sōdō).

Amuse Inc.
Amuse Inc. (株式会社アミューズ, Kabushikigaisha Amyūzu) is a Japanese entertainment company that provides artist management services. The artists include idols, musicians, and more.

Amuse produces TV and radio programs, commercial films, and movies. Other interests are in publication, music software, and patent agent businesses. The private Amuse Museum, located in Asakusa, Tokyo, was owned by the company. It featured ukiyo-e and textile displays.