hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oosterwolde, Friesland
Oosterwolde (West Frisian: Easterwâlde) is the largest town in the municipality of Ooststellingwerf in the south-east of Friesland, the Netherlands. It is located to east from Heerenveen, west from Assen, south-east from Drachten. Oosterwolde developed primarily along the Opsterlandse Compagnonsvaart canal in the 19th century, where most of the industry was located. Oosterwolde has served as a regional center since peat extraction began in the 19th century and therefore boasts a relatively large number of amenities and social services. It has 9,825 inhabitants (2023).

Assen
Assen (Dutch: [ˈɑsə(n)] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Northeastern Netherlands, and is the capital of the province of Drenthe. It received city rights in 1809. Assen is known for TT Circuit Assen, the motorcycle racing circuit, where on the last Sunday in June the Dutch TT is run; and also for the annual Assen Dance Festival.

Assen won the European Green Leaf Award for 2027.
Paraska Korolyuk
Paraska Vasylivna Korolyuk (Ukrainian: Параска Василівна Королюк, commonly known as Baba Paraska (Granny Paraska; Ukrainian: баба Параска); 3 May 1939 – 26 November 2010) was a Ukrainian political activist and one of the iconic figures of Ukraine's 'Orange Revolution'. An enthusiastic supporter of former Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko and of Yulia Tymoshenko, she became well-known after camping in the tent protests 'sit-ins' at Maidan Nezalezhnosti, which occurred during the Orange Revolution's entire duration, and for participating in various other political protests.

Acknowledging her contribution, in 2005 Viktor Yushchenko awarded Korolyuk Ukraine's Order of Princess Olga, 3rd grade, during a ceremony at Mariinskyi Palace in Kyiv. In March 2007, Korolyuk was accepted into the Our Ukraine party. Despite the split between the Orange Revolution's leaders, Korolyuk remained a staunch defender of  Yushchenko and Tymoshenko.

Mariinskyi Palace
The Mariinskyi Palace (Ukrainian: Маріїнський палац, romanized: Mariinskyi palats) is the official residence of the president of Ukraine. The Elizabethan baroque palace is sited on the right bank of the Dnipro River in Kyiv, Ukraine, adjoining the neo-classical building of the Verkhovna Rada, the parliament of Ukraine.
Peninnis Head
Peninnis Head (Cornish: Penn Enys, meaning island head) is the southernmost point of St Mary's, Isles of Scilly. The headland is within the Isles of Scilly Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and part of the Heritage Coast. It is also a Geological Conservation Review site for its Quaternary geomorphology and was first designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in 1971 for both its biological and geological interests.   All of the land designated as Peninnis Head SSSI is owned by the Duchy of Cornwall. On the tip of the headland is a squat lighthouse built in 1911 by Trinity House as a replacement for the 17th century lighthouse on St Agnes.

The Gilstone, a prominent rock off the eastern side of Peninnis Head, should not be confused with a rock of the same name in the Western Rocks.

Geomorphology
Geomorphology (from Ancient Greek  γῆ (gê) 'earth'  μορφή (morphḗ) 'form' and  λόγος (lógos) 'study') is the scientific study of the origin and evolution of topographic and bathymetric features generated by physical, chemical or biological processes operating at or near Earth's surface. Geomorphologists seek to understand why landscapes look the way they do, to understand landform and terrain history and dynamics and to predict changes through a combination of field observations, physical experiments and numerical modeling. Geomorphologists work within disciplines such as physical geography, geology, geodesy, engineering geology, archaeology, climatology, and geotechnical engineering. This broad base of interests contributes to many research styles and interests within the field.
Härsbacka mine
Härsbacka mine (Swedish: Härsbacka gruva) is a quartz and feldspar mine. It was once Sweden's foremost quartz mine. The mine was closed in 1946. The quartz and feldspar mined in Härsbacka are the main constituent of a large pegmatite dyke. This pegmatite dyke dips about 60 to 70° to the southeast and has a maximum thickness of 37 m. While quartz and feldspar are mostly mixed, pure zones of either occur. Most feldspar is pink microclineperthite and much lesser amounts are white oligoclase. There are lesser quantities of biotite, garnet, molybdenite and fluorite. About 230,000 tons of quartz have been mined in total from Härsbacka mine.

In 1947 the mine was bought by Statens Vattenfallverk to turn it into an oil storage depot and it functioned as such until 1985 when it was emptied. Since 1997 the mine is fully flooded by groundwater. In 2021 the Geological Survey of Sweden was tasked with investigating contaminants in the mine.

Microcline
Microcline  (KAlSi3O8) is an important igneous rock-forming tectosilicate mineral. It is a potassium-rich alkali feldspar.  It is common in granite and pegmatites. Microcline forms during slow cooling of orthoclase. Sanidine is a polymorph of alkali feldspar stable at yet higher temperature. Microcline has cross-hatch twinning that forms as a result of the transformation of monoclinic orthoclase into triclinic microcline.

The chemical compound name is potassium aluminium silicate, and it is known as E number reference E555.
Tiradores
Tiradores is Spanish for shooters/sharpshooters and can refer to any of the following:

Tiradores de Ifni - a Spanish colonial army unit in Morocco,

IPSC Peru - the Peruvian association for practical shooting commonly called the tiradores in Peru,

Luna Sharpshooters also known as the "Marksmen of Death" (Spanish "Tiradores de la Muerte"), was a unit in the Philippine Revolutionary Army,

Light Reaction Regiment is the premier counter-terrorist unit of the Philippine Army and the Special Mission Unit of the Philippines who is also called the "Tiradores de la Muerte".

Luna Sharpshooters
The Luna Sharpshooters, also known as the "Marksmen of Death" (Spanish: Tiradores de la Muerte), was an elite unit formed by General Antonio Luna to serve under the Philippine Republican Army. They became famous for fighting fiercer than the regular Filipino army soldiers. Most of the members of this unit came from the old Spanish Army which fought during the Philippine Revolution.
2013 Open Saint-Gaudens Midi-Pyrénées – Doubles
Vesna Dolonc and Irina Khromacheva were the defending champions, having won the event in 2012, but both players chose not to defend their title. Dolonc played instead at the 2013 Sparta Prague Open.

Julia Glushko and Paula Ormaechea won the title, defeating Stéphanie Dubois and Kurumi Nara in the final, 7–5, 7–6(13–11).

Kurumi Nara
Kurumi Nara (奈良 くるみ, Nara Kurumi; born 30 December 1991) is a Japanese former professional tennis player.

In her career, she won one singles title on the WTA Tour, with seven singles and three doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 18 August 2014, she achieved her career-high singles ranking of world No. 32. On 2 May 2016, she peaked at No. 109 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Playing for Japan Fed Cup team, Nara has a win–loss record of 12–8.
Chen Mufa
Chen Mufa is a Chinese professor of mathematics at Beijing Normal University. He is a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the World Academy of Sciences. In addition to his work on probability theory, as a mathematician, Chen contributed to mathematical physics.

Chen is a faculty member at Beijing Normal University and a member of the advisory committee for the Beijing International Center for Mathematics.

He is Jiangsu Province's first academician of mathematical science.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
Malkhaz Akishbaia
Malkhaz Akishbaia (Abkhaz: Малхас Акшба, Georgian: მალხაზ აკიშბაია; born May 6, 1972) is an Abkhaz politician and the Chairman of Council of Ministers of the de jure Government of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia (GARA) from March 2006 to June 2009.

Born in Gudava, Gali district, Abkhaz ASSR, Georgian SSR, in 1972, Akishbaia graduated from Kyiv University in 1994 and finished his master's degree at University of Oxford. He worked for the ministries of economics (1999–2001) and defense (2004)  and for the National Security Council of Georgia (2004). From December 2004 to March 2006, he served as a minister of finances within the GARA and became the chair of this government in March 2006. His government was in exile in Tbilisi after the war with Russia in August 2008. He resigned on June 11, 2009, and was succeeded by Giorgi Baramia as the chairman of the GARA. Akishbaia was later appointed deputy Minister of Agriculture of Georgia.

Abkhaz language
Abkhaz, also known as Abkhazian, is a Northwest Caucasian language most closely related to Abaza. It is spoken mostly by the Abkhaz people. It is one of the official languages of Abkhazia, where around 190,000 people speak it. Furthermore, it is spoken by thousands of members of the Abkhazian diaspora in Turkey, Georgia's autonomous republic of Adjara, Syria, Jordan, and several Western countries. 27 October is the day of the Abkhazian language in Georgia.
Peter Jacobson (judge)
Peter Michael Jacobson KC is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association.

He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney. He obtained a Master of Laws from the University of Pennsylvania Law School in Philadelphia and was a member of the Faculty of Law at McGill University in Montreal before returning to Australia in 1976. From 1976 to 1979, he practised as a solicitor.

New South Wales Bar Association
The New South Wales Bar Association is a professional body of lawyers responsible for the regulation of the legal profession in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The body administers the bar examination in accordance with the Legal Profession Uniform Law.
Big Al II
Big Al II is a pioneering funny car built in 1963 by Jim Lytle. It started the trend to flip-top fiberglass 'flopper' bodies.

Lytle's chopped '34 Tudor project cost US$2000, and was powered by an Allison V-1710. The body was hand made.

Big Al II ran three times, all in 1964 at Lion's Dragway, setting a record for full-bodied drag racers, before being retired.

The idea was copied by Ford and Mercury for their Mercury Comet Cyclones. It would inspire "every flopper body ever formed".

Chopping and channeling
Chopping and channeling is a form of automobile customization in the "kustom kulture" and among hot rodders. The procedures are often combined, but can be performed separately. While chopping takes in only a car's pillars and windows, the more involved work of sectioning a car is carried out on the entire lower body.
Hong Kong Telecom
HKT Limited (Chinese: 香港電訊有限公司; Cantonese Yale: Hēunggóng dihnseun yáuhhaahngūngsī), also used to be known as Hong Kong Telecom (Chinese: 香港電訊; Cantonese Yale: Hēunggóng dihnseun), is one of the largest telecommunications companies in Hong Kong. It has a dominant position in fixed-line, mobile, IDD and broadband services in Hong Kong. HKT Group is a subsidiary of PCCW since 2000, after it was acquired from Cable & Wireless plc.

The company, along with HKT Trust (Chinese: 香港電訊信託), is a pair of listed corporations on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, which the two corporations were bundled as one single stapled security.

Stapled security
A stapled security  is a type of financial instrument. It consists of two or more securities that are contractually bound to form a single salable unit; they cannot be bought or sold separately.  Stapled securities have especially been used in Australia; stapling is relatively uncommon in the rest of the world.

The two parts of the salable unit are usually (a) a share in a company and (b) a unit in a trust related to the company. For example, a company that manages a trust may have units of the trust attached (stapled) to the shares of the company.  The company may be responsible for managing the fund and development opportunities, and may charge the trust a fee.  The trust, in turn, is the legal owner of the property assets.

For example, a unit of shares in a company can be bound to unit of an investment trust and they must be purchased and sold together. The investment trust will own the assets and the company will manage the assets.
Sinosteel
Sinosteel Corporation (S: 中国中钢集团公司, T: 中國中鋼集團公司, P: Zhōngguó Zhōnggāng Jítuán Gōngsī) is a state-owned enterprise, primarily in mining, trading, equipment manufacturing and engineering. Founded in 1993 and based in the People's Republic of China, it is the country's second largest importer of iron ore. The company used to be under the direct supervision of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission. In 2022, it was acquired by state-owned steel conglomerate Baowu.

Import
Import is the activity within international trade which involves buying and receiving goods and services produced in another country. An importer is a person, organization or country receiving imported goods which have been exported from another country. Importation and exportation are the defining financial transactions of international trade. The seller of such goods and services is called an exporter.

In international trade, the importation and exportation of goods are limited by import quotas and mandates from the customs authority. The importing and exporting jurisdictions may impose a tariff (tax) on the goods. In addition, the importation and exportation of goods are subject to trade agreements between the importing and exporting jurisdictions.
1802 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1802.

Residue (chemistry)
In chemistry, residue is whatever remains or acts as a contaminant after a given class of events. Residue may be the material remaining after a process of preparation, separation, or purification, such as distillation, evaporation, or filtration. It may also denote the undesired by-products of a chemical reaction.

Residues as an undesired by-product are a concern in agricultural and food industries.
Jorge Xavier Murrieta
Jorge Xavier Murrieta Fernández (born 23 November 1985) is a sailor from Mexico.

Murrieta is North American Champion in two different classes: J/24 and Snipe. He won the 2009 J/24 North Americans, hosted by the Club Náutico Valle de Bravo in Mexico, and the 2010 Snipe North American Championship hosted by the Ponce Yacht and Fishing Club in Puerto Rico.

Club Náutico de Ponce
The Club Náutico de Ponce (Ponce Yacht and Fishing Club) is a yacht club in Ponce, Puerto Rico. The club is located contiguously on Isla de Gatas, near the La Guancha recreational and cultural area, and next to the Port of Ponce.

The complex consists of two restaurants, a private beach, a gym, a running track, two pools, various basketball, tennis, and volleyball courts, and a marina.  The club also runs a sailing school for children.  Founded in 1941 by a group of nautical enthusiasts from Ponce to promote water and fishing sports, the marina is one of Puerto Rico's oldest.
Taourirt, Algeria
Taourirt is a village in northern Algeria. It is located in Bouïra Province.

Nearby towns and villages include Tassift (3.0 nm), M'Chedallah(3.1 nm), Chorfa (2.6 nm), Boudjellil (1.9 nm) and Sidi Brahim (5.9 nm).

The place is located along the N5 road which leads to Adjiba.

Sidi Brahim
Sidi Brahim is a small commune of Sidi Bel Abbès Province, Algeria, most famous for producing Sidi Brahim wine.

During the Roman Empire Sidi Brahim was the site of a town of the province of Mauretania Caesariensis called Bencenna. The remains of Bencenna were tentatively identified with ruins at Sidi Brahim.

35°15′38″N 0°34′03″W﻿ / ﻿35.26056°N 0.56750°W﻿ / 35.26056; -0.56750
Challis Cold Storage
The Challis Cold Storage was a historic stone building located at about 300 Main Avenue in Challis, Idaho.  It was built in 1881 for Idaho governor George L. Shoup.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.  The building collapsed, killing two children, in the 1983 Borah Peak earthquake.

It was a one-story building with a stepped parapet facade, with part of an outset cornice on its top
tier.

The Buster Meat Market, located at about 250 Main Avenue, was another stone building that also was NRHP-listed in 1980, and also no longer exists.

Challis, Idaho
Challis is the largest city in Custer County, Idaho, United States. It is the county seat and its population was 1,081 at the 2010 census. The 2020 census showed 902 residents, a 16.6% drop. And as of 2023, the population increased to 924.
Mother Earth News
Mother Earth News is a bi-monthly American magazine that has a circulation of 500,520 as of 2011. It is published in Topeka, Kansas.

Since its founding, Mother Earth News has promoted renewable energy, recycling, family farms, good agricultural practices, better eating habits, medical self-care, more meaningful education and affordable housing.  The magazine approaches environmental problems from a down-to-earth, practical, simple living, how-to standpoint.

Good agricultural practice
Good agricultural practice (GAP) is a certification system for agriculture, specifying procedures (and attendant documentation) that must be implemented to create food for consumers or further processing that is safe and wholesome, using sustainable methods. While there are numerous competing definitions of what methods constitute good agricultural practice, there are several broadly accepted schemes that producers can adhere too.
Haikyu!! season 2
The second season of Haikyu!! anime television series is produced by Production I.G. and directed by Susumu Mitsunaka, with Taku Kishimoto handling series composition, Takahiro Kishida providing character designs, and Yuki Hayashi and Asami Tachibana composed the music. The season was announced to be in production on December 19, 2014. It adapted the "Tokyo Expedition" (chapters 72–96) and the first half of "Spring High Preliminary" (chapters 97–149) story arcs from the original manga series of the same name written by Haruichi Furudate. The season aired from October 4, 2015, to March 27, 2016.

The series uses four pieces of theme music: two opening themes and two ending themes. From episodes 1 through 13, the opening theme song is "I'm a Believer" by Spyair, while the ending theme song is "Climber" by Galileo Galilei. From episodes 14 through 25, the opening theme song is "Fly High" by Burnout Syndromes, while the ending theme song is "Hatsunetsu (Fever)" (発熱 - はつねつ) by Tacica.

Yuki Hayashi (composer)
Yuki Hayashi (林 ゆうき, Hayashi Yūki; born 31 December 1980) is a Japanese composer and arranger best known for his work on the soundtracks for anime, television series, and films. His notable works include Triangle (in collaboration with Hiroyuki Sawano), Zettai Reido, Diabolik Lovers, Asa ga Kita, Haikyū!!, and My Hero Academia.
Özalism
Özalism  (Turkish: Özalcılık) refers to the economic and social views and political style of Turgut Özal, who was the Prime Minister of Turkey between 1983 and 1989 and the President of Turkey between 1989 and 1993. Özalism can also be used to cover the periods of Yıldırım Akbulut and Mesut Yılmaz, who were prime ministers after Özal and partially continued his economic views.

Prime Minister of Turkey
The prime minister of Turkey, officially the prime minister of the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Başbakanı), was the head of government of the Republic of Turkey from 1920 to 2018, who led a political coalition in the Turkish Parliament and presided over the cabinet. Throughout the political history of Turkey, functions and powers of the post have changed occasionally. Prior to its dissolution as a result of the 2017 Constitutional Referendum, the holder of the premiership was generally the dominant figure in Turkish politics, outweighing the president.
John atte Wyke
John atte Wyke (fl.1373–1386), of Bletchingley, Surrey, was an English Member of Parliament (MP).

He was a Member of the Parliament of England for Bletchingley in 1373, February 1383, October 1383, April 1384, November 1384 and 1386.

Bletchingley
Bletchingley (historically "Blechingley") is a village in Surrey, England. It is on the A25 road to the east of Redhill and to the west of Godstone, has a conservation area with medieval buildings and is mostly on a wide escarpment of the Greensand Ridge, which is followed by the Greensand Way.
Skattum
Skattum is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dan Skattum, American politician

Haagen Skattum (1824–1900), Norwegian businessman and politician

Ole Jacob Skattum (1862–1930), Norwegian geographer, educator, and politician

Haagen Skattum
Haagen Skattum (8 November 1824 – 9 September 1900) was a Norwegian businessperson and politician for the Conservative Party.

Haagen Olsen Skattum was born at Østre Toten in Christians amt (county), Norway. He grew up on the  Skattum farm near the village of Nordlia. He established the trading company H. Skattum in Gjøvik in 1858. He was a wholesaler and retailer of goods including salt, sugar, coffee and liquor. Trade made the members of the Skattum family among the richest in Gjøvik, together with their main competitor Hans Bernhard Falk (1892–1957).

Haagen Skattum also served as mayor of Gjøvik Municipality from 1879 through 1884. In July 1860, he married Ida Camilla Mæhlum (1838-1913). Together they had five sons: Haakon, Adolf, Ludvig, Ole and Sverre. Adolf served mayor of Gjøvik in the year 1909. Sverre was also a city councillor, and chair of the local savings bank. Sverre and Ludvig inherited H. Skattum together; Ludvig was also a major financial benefactor.
Kikuletwa River
Kikuletwa River (Mto Kikuletwa in Swahili) is located in the northern Kilimanjaro Region, Manyara Region and eastern Arusha Region of Tanzania. It begins in Songoro ward in Meru District, Arusha and eventually drains into Pangani River at Nyumba ya Mungu Dam. The Kikuletwa hot springs also drain into the river.

Nyumba ya Mungu Dam
Nyumba ya Mungu Dam is a Tanzanian,   hydroelectric dam located in and operated in Mwanga District, Kilimanjaro Region. It was built in the late 1960s and is Kilimanjaro region's largest artificial water body. Nyumba ya Mungu Reservoir. The reservoir is shared with Moshi District of Kilimanjaro Region and Simanjiro District of Manyara Region.  Nyumba ya Mungu means 'House of God'. Its installed capacity is 8 megawatts (11,000 hp).