hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Laughing Whitefish
Laughing Whitefish is a 1965 historical novel by Justice John D. Voelker, writing under the pen name "Robert Traver." It is based on a trio of genuine cases that came before the Michigan Supreme Court in the 1880s. The final case in the series, Kobogum v. Jackson Iron Co., established in Michigan the general rule that state courts must defer to tribal law in issues involving the internal, domestic relations of American Indians living on their tribal land.

Michigan Supreme Court
The Michigan Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is Michigan's court of last resort and consists of seven justices. The Court is in the Michigan Hall of Justice at 925 Ottawa Street in Lansing, the state capital.
Boryza (city)
Boryza was a Persian city in Thrace (Achaemenid satrapy of Skudra) founded by King Darius the Great (r. 522–486 BC). Hecataeus of Miletus (died c. 476 BC) mentioned Boryza as being located in the land of the Thynians on the southwestern Black Sea coast to the north of Byzantium, modern day Bulgaria and Turkey. The city was also mentioned by Stephanus of Byzantium (fl. 6th century AD). According to the modern historian Miroslav Izdimirski, Boryza must have been the residence of a Persian hyparch.

Boryza's precise location remains unknown and the date of its foundation is debated; it was either founded before or during Darius's European Scythian campaign.

Byzantium
Byzantium (/bɪˈzæntiəm, -ʃəm/) or Byzantion (Ancient Greek: Βυζάντιον) was an ancient Greek city in classical antiquity that became known as Constantinople in late antiquity and Istanbul in modern times. The Greek name Byzantion and its Latinization Byzantium continued to be used as a name of Constantinople sporadically and to varying degrees during the thousand-year existence of the Eastern Roman Empire, which also became known by the former name of the city as the Byzantine Empire. Byzantium was colonized by Greeks from Megara in the 7th century BCE and remained primarily Greek-speaking until its conquest by the Ottoman Empire in 1453 CE.
1879 Bulgarian Constituent Assembly election
Elections were held in Bulgaria between 1 and 30 January 1879 to elect a 89 of the 230 representatives of the Constituent Assembly. It convened in Tarnovo to, as outlined in article 4 of the Treaty of Berlin, draft the constitution of the newly established Principality of Bulgaria, a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire.

Vassal state
A vassal state is any state that has a mutual obligation to a superior state or empire, in a status similar to that of a vassal in the feudal system in medieval Europe. Vassal states were common among the empires of the Near East, dating back to the era of the Egyptian, Ottoman, Hittite, and Mitanni conflict, as well as in ancient China.

The relationships between vassal rulers and empires were dependent upon the policies and agreements of each empire. While the payment of tribute and military service was common amongst vassal states, the degree of independence and benefits given to vassal states varied. Today, more common terms are puppet state, protectorate, client state, associated state, or satellite state.
Sensory loss
Many types of sense loss occur due to a dysfunctional sensation process, whether it be ineffective receptors, nerve damage, or cerebral impairment. Unlike agnosia, these impairments are due to damages prior to the perception process.

Glossopharyngeal nerve
The glossopharyngeal nerve (/ˌɡlɒsoʊfəˈrɪn(d)ʒiəl, -ˌfærənˈdʒiːəl/), also known as the ninth cranial nerve, cranial nerve IX, or simply CN IX, is a cranial nerve that exits the brainstem from the sides of the upper medulla, just anterior (closer to the nose) to the vagus nerve. Being a mixed nerve (sensorimotor), it carries afferent sensory and efferent motor information. The motor division of the glossopharyngeal nerve is derived from the basal plate of the embryonic medulla oblongata, whereas the sensory division originates from the cranial neural crest.
Band-tailed seedeater
The band-tailed seedeater (Catamenia analis) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae.
It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland and heavily degraded former forest.

Tanager
The tanagers (singular /ˈtænədʒər/) comprise the bird family Thraupidae, in the order Passeriformes. The family has a Neotropical distribution and is the second-largest family of birds. It represents about 4% of all avian species and 12% of the Neotropical birds.

Traditionally, the family contained around 240 species of mostly brightly colored fruit-eating birds. As more of these birds were studied using modern molecular techniques, it became apparent that the traditional families were not monophyletic. Euphonia and Chlorophonia, which were once considered part of the tanager family, are now treated as members of the Fringillidae, in their own subfamily (Euphoniinae). Likewise, the genera Piranga (which includes the scarlet tanager, summer tanager, and western tanager), Chlorothraupis, and Habia appear to be members of the family Cardinalidae, and have been reassigned to that family by the American Ornithological Society.
Prix Alain-Fournier
The Prix Alain-Fournier is a French literary prize, awarded by the town of Saint-Amand-Montrond in honour of Alain-Fournier, author of Le Grand Meaulnes. It is intended to give encouragement to a novelist at the beginning of their career, and it can be awarded for first, second or third novels, provided that the author has not previously received any recognition at a national level.

Le Grand Meaulnes
Le Grand Meaulnes (French: [lə ɡʁɑ̃ moln]) is the only novel by French author Alain-Fournier, who was killed in the first month of World War I. The novel, published in 1913, a year before the author's death, is somewhat autobiographical, especially the name of the heroine Yvonne, for whom he had a doomed infatuation in Paris. Fifteen-year-old François Seurel narrates the story of his friendship with seventeen-year-old Augustin Meaulnes as the latter searches for his lost love. Impulsive, reckless and heroic, Meaulnes embodies the romantic ideal, the search for the unobtainable, and the mysterious world between childhood and adulthood.
Ōakura
Ōakura is a small township in New Plymouth District, Taranaki, in the western North Island of New Zealand. It is located on State Highway 45, 15 kilometres south-west of New Plymouth. Ōkato is 12 km further south-west. The Oakura River flows past the town and into the North Taranaki Bight. To the south is the Kaitake Range, part of Egmont National Park.

The Oakura Messenger (TOM) was a monthly publication delivered to all letterboxes in the area. It began in October 2000. It was renamed the Ōākura Post in June 2020.

On 5 July 2007 the town was hit by a tornado, which damaged 60 houses.

Ōakura is well known for its beach—Ōakura Beach. In 2007 it became one of the first Blue Flag accredited beaches in Oceania. Only two others—Fitzroy and East End beach in nearby New Plymouth—received the same award that year. As of 2010, Ōakura Beach has retained its blue flag status.

Taranaki (iwi)
Taranaki (Tuturu) is a Māori iwi of New Zealand.

Taranaki iwi were an important part of the First and Second Taranaki Wars. At least 13 members of Taranaki died during the First Taranaki War, mostly defending Waireka on 28 March 1860, including Paora Kūkūtai (chief of the Patukai hapū) and Paratene te Kopara (chief of Ngā Māhanga a Tairi).

Wellington pan-tribal Māori radio station Te Upoko O Te Ika has been affiliated to Taranaki since 2014. It began part-time broadcasting in 1983 and full-time broadcasting in 1987, and it is New Zealand's longest-running Māori radio station.

Radio station Te Korimako O Taranaki is affiliated with Taranaki and other local iwi, including Ngāti Tama, Te Ātiawa, Ngāi Maru, Ngāruahine, Ngāti Mutunga, Ngāti Ruanui, and Ngā Rauru Kiitahi. It started at the Bell Block campus of Taranaki Polytechnic in 1992, and moved to the Spotswood campus in 1993. It is available on 94.8 FM across Taranaki.
GalNAc-T activation pathway
The GalNAc-T activation (GALA) pathway is a cellular process in which GalNAc-T enzymes, involved in O-linked glycosylation, are relocated from the Golgi to the ER. Activation of the pathway is thought to result in the alteration of the glycosylation status of a number of GalNAc-T substrates. This pathway was shown to be highly activated in cancer cells and was proposed as an explanation of the noticeable increased expression of Tn antigen seen in tumours.

HeLa
HeLa (/ˈhiːlɑː/) is an immortalized cell line used in scientific research. It is the oldest human cell line and one of the most commonly used. HeLa cells are durable and prolific, allowing for extensive applications in scientific study. The line is derived from cervical cancer cells taken on February 8, 1951, from Henrietta Lacks, a 31-year-old African American woman, after whom the line is named. Lacks died of cancer on October 4, 1951.

The cells from Lacks's cancerous cervical tumor were taken without her knowledge, which was common practice in the United States at the time. Cell biologist George Otto Gey found that they could be kept alive, and developed a cell line. Previously, cells cultured from other human cells would survive for only a few days, but cells from Lacks's tumor behaved differently.
Gefangen im Schattenreich von Die Ärzte
Gefangen im Schattenreich von Die Ärzte ("Imprisoned in the netherworld of Die Ärzte") is the third VHS by German rock band Die Ärzte. It features live and backstage videos. It is the first part of the tour videos from 1993 to 1996.

Die Bestie in Menschengestalt
Die Bestie in Menschengestalt (German for "The beast in human form") is the fifth album by German rock band Die Ärzte. It is also the first album with their new bassist Rodrigo González and a comeback album after a five-year hiatus.
Brookfield (CDP), Massachusetts
Brookfield is a census-designated place (CDP) comprising the main village in the town of Brookfield, Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. Massachusetts Route 9 passes through the center of the village, leading east 6 miles (10 km) to Spencer and west 9 miles (14 km) to Ware. Massachusetts Route 148 crosses Route 9 in the village center, leading north 4 miles (6 km) to North Brookfield and south 7 miles (11 km) to Fiskdale.

Brookfield was first listed as a CDP after the 2010 census.

Massachusetts Route 9
Route 9 is a 135.310-mile-long (217.760 km) major east–west state highway in Massachusetts, United States. Along with U.S. Route 20 (US 20), Route 2, and Interstate 90, Route 9 is one of the major east–west routes of Massachusetts. The western terminus is near the center of the city of Pittsfield.  After winding through the small towns along the passes of the Berkshire Mountains, it crosses the college towns of the Pioneer Valley and then south of the Quabbin Reservoir and the rural areas of western Worcester County.  Entering the city of Worcester from the southwestern corner of the city, it passes through the center of the city and forms the major commercial thoroughfare through the MetroWest suburbs of Boston, parallel to the Massachusetts Turnpike.   Crossing the Route 128 freeway circling Boston, it passes through the inner suburbs of Newton and Brookline along Boylston Street, and enters Boston on Huntington Avenue, before reaching its eastern terminus at Copley Square.
Wilmer-Hutchins High School
Wilmer-Hutchins High School (nicknamed "The Hutch") is a public secondary school in Dallas, Texas. A part of the Dallas Independent School District, Wilmer-Hutchins High was formerly part of the now defunct Wilmer-Hutchins Independent School District.

Located at 5520 Langdon Road in far South Dallas, the 9-12 campus serves portions of Dallas, most of Hutchins, Wilmer, a small portion of Lancaster, as well as unincorporated areas in southeastern Dallas County.

South Dallas
South Dallas is an area in Dallas, Texas. It is south of Downtown Dallas, bordered by Trinity River on the west, Interstate 30 on the north, and the Great Trinity Forest to the south and east. In recent years the City of Dallas and organizations including Dallas Area Habitat for Humanity and Rebuilding Together Dallas have begun revitalizing the area in an effort to make the area more attractive to homeowners and foster economic development.
Sospan Dau
The TSHD Sospan Dau is a Dutch trailing suction hopper dredger owned by Sosban BV. The vessel has worked on dredging projects, including offshore aggregates, port maintenance, land reclamation, coastal defense and beach replenishment. The name Sospan Dau is Welsh and originates from Sosban Fach and Llanelli's tin plating industry, Sospan being the Welsh for Saucepan and Dau being Welsh for Two as the ship is a successor to the original Sospan.

Llanelli
Llanelli (Welsh for 'St Elli's Parish'; Welsh: [ɬaˈnɛɬi] ⓘ) is a market town and community in Carmarthenshire and the preserved county of Dyfed, Wales. It is on the estuary of the River Loughor and is the largest town in the county of Carmarthenshire.

The town is 11 miles (18 km) north-west of Swansea and 12 miles (19 km) south-east of Carmarthen. At the 2021 census the community had a population of 25,366, and the built up area had a population of 42,155. The local authority was Llanelli Borough Council when the county of Dyfed existed, and it has been under Carmarthenshire County Council since 1996.
Haridwar Junction railway station
Haridwar railway station (Station code: HW), is one of the major railway stations in Haridwar district, Uttarakhand, India. It falls under the Moradabad division of the Northern Railway zone of the Indian Railways.

Haridwar was first connected with railways, via Laksar, through branch line in 1886, when the Oudh and Rohilkhand Railway line was extended through Roorkee to Saharanpur Junction, this was later extended to Dehradun in 1906.

Saharanpur
Saharanpur is a city and a municipal corporation in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is also the administrative headquarters of Saharanpur district.

Saharanpur city's name was given after the Saint Shah Haroon Chishti.

Saharanpur is declared as one among the 100 Smart Cities by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs as a part of Smart Cities Mission of the Government of India.
Justin Casse
Justin Casse is a bloodstock agent based in Ocala, Florida. He is the son of Norman Casse, one of the founders of OBS (Ocala Breeders Sale)  and brother to the trainer Mark Casse. He graduated from Florida State University in 2002 with a bachelor's degree in International Affairs.

Ocala, Florida
Ocala (/oʊˈkælə/ oh-KAL-ə) is a city in and the county seat of Marion County, Florida, United States. Located in North Central Florida, the city's population was 63,591 as of the 2020 census, up from 56,315 at the 2010 census and making it the 43rd-most populated city in Florida. Ocala is the principal city of the Ocala metropolitan area, which had a population of 375,908 in 2020.

Home to over 400 thoroughbred farms and training centers, Ocala is considered the "Horse Capital of the World". Notable attractions include the Ocala National Forest, Silver Springs State Park, Rainbow Springs State Park, the College of Central Florida, and the World Equestrian Center.
MLH1
DNA mismatch repair protein Mlh1 or MutL protein homolog 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MLH1 gene located on chromosome 3.  The gene is commonly associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. Orthologs of human MLH1 have also been studied in other organisms including mouse and the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

D-loop
In molecular biology, a displacement loop or D-loop is a DNA structure where the two strands of a double-stranded DNA molecule are separated for a stretch and held apart by a third strand of DNA.  An R-loop is similar to a D-loop, but in that case the third strand is RNA rather than DNA.  The third strand has a base sequence which is complementary to one of the main strands and pairs with it, thus displacing the other complementary main strand in the region.  Within that region the structure is thus a form of triple-stranded DNA. A diagram in the paper introducing the term illustrated the D-loop with a shape resembling a capital "D", where the displaced strand formed the loop of the "D".

D-loops occur in a number of particular situations, including in DNA repair, in telomeres, and as a semi-stable structure in mitochondrial circular DNA molecules.
Minister without portfolio (Italy)
In the Italian government, ministers without portfolio (Italian: ministro senza portafoglio) are nominated by the President of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) and formally appointed by the President of the Republic to lead particular departments directly under the Presidency (or Presidium) of the Council of Ministers. Unlike the office of State Undersecretary to the Presidency, who fulfills duties in the Prime Minister's remit, ministers without portfolio enjoy the full status of ministers but do not lead an independent ministry. Departments on equalities, European affairs, and relations with regions, for example, are usually led by ministers without portfolio.

President of Italy
The  president of Italy, officially titled President of the Italian Republic (Italian: Presidente della Repubblica Italiana), is the head of state of Italy. In that role, the president represents national unity and guarantees that Italian politics comply with the Constitution. The president is the commander-in-chief of the Italian Armed Forces and chairs the High Council of the Judiciary. The president serves a seven-year term, with no term limits. The incumbent president is former constitutional judge Sergio Mattarella, who was elected on 31 January 2015, and re-elected on 29 January 2022.
Max B. Miller
Max Briant Miller (February 23, 1937 – January 17, 2011) was an American journalist, photographer and film producer. His film Youthquake! won the Golden Globe Award for Best Documentary Film at the 33rd Golden Globe Awards.

His father was producer and inventor Max O. Miller. He attended Los Angeles Valley College, UCLA, and Sherwood Oaks College. Miller wrote about cinema for American Cinematographer and other publications, and he owned and managed Fotos International.

A longtime Hollywood Foreign Press Association member, Miller served on their board from 1974 to 1982, and became chairman of the HFPA board in 1976 as well as a second term.

Miller committed suicide by gun the day after the 68th Golden Globe Awards. According to TV Guide, "Miller was depressed over his divorce and financial problems." Several obituaries noted that Miller's photography company was denied a place on the red carpet at that year's Golden Globes, where he had been a member for 44 years.

Sherwood Oaks Film School
Sherwood Oaks Film School is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) educational organization. The mission of the school is to provide opportunities for students to meet with and learn from working entertainment industry professionals who have achieved success in the movie and television business.
Flagtail pipefish
Doryrhamphus and Dunckerocampus, popularly known as flagtail pipefish, are two genera of fishes in the family Syngnathidae. They are found in warm, relatively shallow waters of the Indo-Pacific, with a single species, D. paulus, in the eastern Pacific. Most of these pipefishes are very colourful, and are fairly popular in the marine aquarium hobby despite requiring special care and not being recommended for beginners.

Their habit of flashing the distinctly patterned tails during courtship and other displays have earned them their English common name. Adults are highly territorial and usually live in pairs. They feed on tiny crustaceans and other small animals, and most species from the genus Doryrhamphus will sometimes act as cleaners.

Dunckerocampus multiannulatus
Dunckerocampus multiannulatus (many-banded pipefish) is a species of marine fish of the family Syngnathidae. It is widespread in the Indian Ocean, from the Red Sea and South Africa to the Andaman Islands and Sumatra, Indonesia. It inhabits coral and rocky reefs to depths of 45 metres (148 ft), where it can grow to lengths of 18 centimetres (7.1 in). It is an active cleaner, feeding on small crustaceans that grow on other fishes. This species is ovoviviparous, with males carrying eggs and giving birth to live young. Males may brood at 13 centimetres (5.1 in).
Legit (2006 TV series)
Legit is a Scottish sitcom produced by The Comedy Unit, written by Robert Florence and Iain Connell and broadcast on BBC One Scotland. The pilot episode aired on 16 September 2006 to much critical acclaim and positive reviews. The first series started on 7 September 2007 with the pilot episode being aired first and then the remaining episodes. The show was shown every Friday night at 9:30pm. In May 2008, the BBC made the decision not to renew the show for a second series. Instead Dear Green Place was renewed.

BBC One Scotland
BBC One Scotland is a Scottish free-to-air television channel owned and operated by BBC Scotland. It is the Scottish variation of the UK-wide BBC One network and is broadcast from Pacific Quay in Glasgow.
Travnik, Cerkno
Travnik (pronounced [ˈtɾaːu̯nik]) is a small settlement on the right bank of the Idrijca River in the Municipality of Cerkno in the traditional Littoral region of Slovenia. Travnik became a settlement in 1997, when parts of Jazne and Otalež were separated and made into an independent settlement.

Slovene Littoral
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

The Slovene Littoral, or simply Littoral (Slovene: Primorska, pronounced [pɾiˈmóːɾska] ⓘ; Italian: Litorale; German: Küstenland), is one of the traditional regions of Slovenia. The littoral in its name – for a coastal-adjacent area – recalls the former Austrian Littoral (Avstrijsko Primorje), the Habsburg possessions on the upper Adriatic coast, of which the Slovene Littoral was part. Today, the Littoral is often associated with the Slovenian ethnic territory that, in the first half of the 20th century, found itself in Italy to the west of the Rapallo Border, which separated a quarter of Slovenes from the rest of the nation, and was strongly influenced by Italian fascism.
Luke List (cricketer)
Luke Robert John List (born 15 February 1977) is a former English cricketer.  List was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.  He was born in Banbury, Oxfordshire.

List made his debut for Oxfordshire in the 1994 Minor Counties Championship against Cornwall.  List played Minor counties cricket for Oxfordshire from 1994 to 2001, which included 22 Minor Counties Championship matches and 7 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his List A debut against the Durham Cricket Board in the 1999 NatWest Trophy.  He played 3 further List A matches, the last coming against Shropshire in the 2nd round of the 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2001. In his 4 List A matches he scored 20 runs at a batting average of 6.66, with a high score of 10. With the ball, he took 2 wickets at a bowling average of 54.00, with best figures of 1/24.

Banbury
Banbury is an historic market town and civil parish on the River Cherwell in Oxfordshire, South East England. The parish had a population of 54,335 at the 2021 Census.

Banbury is a significant commercial and retail centre for the surrounding area of north Oxfordshire and southern parts of Warwickshire and Northamptonshire which are predominantly rural. Banbury's main industries are motorsport, car components, electrical goods, plastics, food processing and printing. Banbury is home to the Jacobs Douwe Egberts factory which was previously the world's largest coffee-producing facility, built in 1964. The town is famed for Banbury cakes, a spiced sweet pastry.

Banbury is located 64 miles (103 km) north-west of London, 37 miles (60 km) south-east of Birmingham, 27 miles (43 km) south-east of Coventry and 22 miles (35 km) north-northwest of Oxford.