hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Josef Stoer
Josef Stoer (born 21 June 1934) is a German mathematician specializing in numerical analysis and professor emeritus of the Institut für Mathematik of Universität Würzburg.

Stoer was born in Meschede, and earned his Ph.D. in 1961 at Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz under Friedrich Ludwig Bauer and Klaus Samelson. He has advised over 20 doctoral students.

He is the author (with Roland Bulirsch) of Introduction to Numerical Analysis, a standard reference for the theory of numerical methods. He has an honorary doctorate from the University of Augsburg (2007) and the Technical University of Munich (1997) and is a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences (1981). The Bulirsch–Stoer algorithm is named after him and Roland Bulirsch.

University of Mainz
The Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (German: Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz) is a public research university in Mainz, Rhineland Palatinate, Germany. It has been named after the printer Johannes Gutenberg since 1946. As of 2018, it had approximately 32,000 students enrolled in around 100 academic programs. The university is organized into 11 faculties.

The university is a member of the German U15, a group of fifteen major research and medical universities in Germany. It also participates in the IT-Cluster Rhine-Main-Neckar and forms part of the Rhine-Main-Universities (RMU) along with Goethe University Frankfurt and Technische Universität Darmstadt.

The first university of Mainz was founded in 1477, it is one of the oldest universities in Europe, although it was later closed and re-founded 148 years later.
Yunker
Yunker Kotei Eki (ユンケル黄帝液, Yunkeru Kotei Eki), is a health tonic similar to Lipovitan and produced by the Sato Pharmaceutical Corporation in Japan. It was first produced in 1967, and is widely available at drug stores throughout Japan. Yunker contains Chinese herbal ingredients and caffeine and is marketed to the Japanese workforce to combat fatigue.

It is one of 33 tonics manufactured by Sato for a range of ailments related to fatigue. The Yunker line of tonics is also sold in the U.S., Europe and Singapore, but the contents of some tonics have been altered to meet domestic regulations.

A USDA report from 2002 reported that exports of Yunkeru Kotei-eki to six countries including the United States, Germany, Canada and Singapore were continuing to grow, and that Sato planned to start exports to Thailand later that year.

Fatigue
Fatigue is a state of being without energy for a prolonged period of time. Fatigue is used in two contexts: in the medical sense, and in the sense of normal tiredness.

In the medical sense, fatigue is seen as a symptom, and is sometimes associated with medical conditions including autoimmune disease, organ failure, mood disorders, heart disease, infectious diseases, and post-infectious-disease states. However, fatigue is complex and in up to a third of primary care cases no medical or psychiatric diagnosis is found.

In the sense of tiredness, fatigue often follows prolonged physical or mental activity. Physical fatigue results from muscle fatigue brought about by intense physical activity. Mental fatigue results from prolonged periods of cognitive activity which impairs cognitive ability, can manifest as sleepiness, lethargy, or directed attention fatigue, and can also impair physical performance.
Maxime Lacoste-Lebuis
Maxime Lacoste-Lebuis, also known online as Max LL is a Canadian composer and filmmaker, who works principally in collaboration with his long-term partner Maude Plante-Husaruk.

They are most noted for the 2016 short film The Botanist, which was named to the Toronto International Film Festival's annual year-end Canada's Top Ten list for 2017, and the 2021 feature documentary film Far Beyond the Pasturelands (Au-delà des hautes vallées), for which Lacoste-Lebuis received Prix Iris nominations for Best Original Music in a Documentary and Best Sound in a Documentary at the 25th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2023.

His other credits as a composer have included the video games Jotun, Sundered, Spiritfarer, 33 Immortals, At Fate's End, all of which were developed by indie developer Thunder Lotus Games, and the film To Live and Die and Live.

Thunder Lotus Games
Thunder Lotus Games is an independent video game development studio based in Montreal, Canada. Founded in 2014, the company is most known for developing Jotun (2015), Sundered (2017) and Spiritfarer (2020).
Piraeus A
Piraeus Alpha (Greek: Α΄ Πειραιώς) is a parliamentary constituency in Attica represented in the Hellenic Parliament. It elects five Members of Parliament (MPs) by the reinforced proportional representation system of election. It primarily consists of the city of Piraeus.

Hellenic Parliament
37°58′31″N 23°44′13″E﻿ / ﻿37.97528°N 23.73694°E﻿ / 37.97528; 23.73694

The Parliament of the Hellenes (Greek: Βουλή των Ελλήνων, romanized: Voulí ton Ellínon), commonly known as the Hellenic Parliament (Greek: Ελληνικό Κοινοβούλιο, romanized: Ellinikó Koinovoúlio), is the unicameral legislature of Greece, located in the Old Royal Palace, overlooking Syntagma Square in Athens. The parliament is the supreme democratic institution that represents the citizens through an elected body of Members of Parliament (MPs).

It is a unicameral legislature of 300 members, elected for a four-year term. From 1844–1863 and from 1927–1935, the parliament was bicameral with an upper house (the Senate; Greek: Γερουσία, romanized: Gerousía) and a lower house (the Chamber of Deputies; Βουλή των Αντιπροσώπων, Voulí ton Antiprosópon). Several important Greek statesmen have served as the speaker of the Hellenic Parliament.
Voigtländer Prominent
Prominent refers to two distinct lines of rangefinder cameras made by Voigtländer.

The first Prominent, stylized in all-caps as PROMINENT and also known as the Prominent 6×9 to distinguish it from the later camera line, was a folding, fixed-lens rangefinder camera that used 120 film and was first marketed in 1932. Relatively few were sold and the post-war Prominent, using 135 film, is better known.

The second Prominent (stylized with small caps as ProminenT) was a line of 35mm interchangeable lens cameras built after World War II in the 1950s, equipped with leaf shutters. The second line of Prominent cameras were marketed as professional system cameras against the Leica threadmount and M bayonet mount and Zeiss Ikon Contax rangefinder camera lines. Voigtländer also sold the Vitessa and Vito lines of compact 35mm rangefinders contemporaneously, generally equipped with fixed, collapsible normal lenses, as less-expensive alternatives to the Prominent.

Normal lens
In photography and cinematography, a normal lens is a lens that reproduces a field of view that appears "natural" to a human observer. In contrast, depth compression and expansion with shorter or longer focal lengths introduces noticeable, and sometimes disturbing, distortion.
Petra Joy
Petra Joy (born 1964) is a German feminist film director, film producer, TV producer, distributor, author, and photographer. She lives in Brighton, England. Along with Candida Royalle, Annie Sprinkle, Maria Beatty, and others, she is one of the pioneers in producing pornography for women. Her genre is described as "art-core," meaning the focus is on sexuality from the female perspective, female pleasure, and creative, sensual play. Common themes in her erotic films include safe sex, men seen as sexual objects, female fantasies, and male bisexuality.

Film distributor
A film distributor is a person responsible for the marketing of a film. The distribution company may be the same as, or different from, the production company. Distribution deals are an important part of financing a film.

The distributor may set the release date of a film and the method by which a film is to be exhibited or made available for viewing; for example, directly to the public either theatrically or for home viewing (DVD, video-on-demand, download, television programs through broadcast syndication etc.). A distributor may do this directly, if the distributor owns the theaters or film distribution networks, or through theatrical exhibitors and other sub-distributors. A limited distributor may deal only with particular products, such as DVDs or Blu-ray, or may act in a particular country or market. The primary distributor will often receive credit in the film's credits, one sheet or other marketing material.
New Orleans Classic Stakes
The New Orleans Classic Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Fair Grounds Race Course in New Orleans, Louisiana.  Open to horses four years old and up, the race is run at a distance of one and one-eighth miles on the dirt. It currently offers a purse of  $400,000.

Due to flooding as a result of Hurricane Katrina, the 2006 edition of the New Orleans Handicap was run at Louisiana Downs in Bossier City, Louisiana.

Louisiana Downs
Louisiana Downs Casino & Racetrack is a horse racing track and racino located in Bossier City in northwestern Louisiana. It opened in 1974. The casino features over 800 slot machines. The track specification is a dirt track of 1 mi (1.609 km) & turf course of 0.875 mi (1.408 km).
Giovanni Barbavara
Giovanni (Michele) Barbavara (died 1460) was a Roman Catholic prelate, and member of a noble Novara family. He was closely related to Francesco Barbavara who was the chancellor to the Duke of Milan, Gian Galeazzo Visconti. He was the brother of Marcolino Barbavara, who was the Milanese ambassador to Rome, Francesco Barbavara II and Pietro Barbavara, apostolic protonotary. Another close relative was Antonio Barbavara the Abbot of the Abbey of Saints Nazario and Celso. In the village of Villareale, east of Cassolnovo, where his family had a castle, there is a road named after him. He reportedly attended the Papal Council of Basel. He was a teacher in the University of Pavia from (1429-1434) and later he served as  Bishop of Como (1435–1437) and Bishop of Tortona (1437–1460).

Protonotary apostolic
In the Catholic Church, protonotary apostolic  (PA; Latin: protonotarius apostolicus) is the title for a member of the highest non-episcopal college of prelates in the Roman Curia or, outside Rome, an honorary prelate on whom the pope has conferred this title and its special privileges. An example is Prince Georg of Bavaria (1880–1943), who became in 1926 protonotary by papal decree.
Kam Wing Tai Fish Balls
The Kam Wing Tai Fish Balls (sometimes Cheung Chau fishball; Chinese: 長州魚蛋) is a fishball street snack formerly sold in stalls in Cheung Chau, Hong Kong. Known for its large size and soft chewy texture, the food is often presented on wooden skewers in pieces of two. As with other fishballs served in Hong Kong, they may be seasoned with a variety of sauces, including curry sauce and mala sauce. The fishballs are usually made out of fish paste, a cheap ingredient extracted from grey mullets.

The fish balls were approximately the size of a golf ball, which is larger than those in most Hong Kong fish ball dishes. They are served steamed or deep fried. As of 15th August 2024 the fishballs are no longer produced due to the closure of Kam Wing Tai.

Flathead grey mullet
The flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) is an important food fish species in the mullet family Mugilidae. It is found in coastal temperate, tropical and subtropical waters worldwide.  Its length is typically 30 to 75 centimetres (12 to 30 in). It is known with numerous English names, including the flathead mullet, striped mullet (US, American Fisheries Society name), black mullet, bully mullet, common mullet, grey mullet, sea mullet and mullet, among others.

The flathead grey mullet is a mainly diurnal coastal species that often enters estuaries and rivers. It usually schools over sand or mud bottoms, feeding on zooplankton, dead plant matter, microalgae and detritus. The adult fish normally feed on algae in fresh water. The species is euryhaline, meaning that the fish can acclimate to different levels of salinity.
2014 Poznań Open – Doubles
Gero Kretschmer and Alexander Satschko were the defending champions, but they did not participate that year.
Radu Albot and Adam Pavlásek won the title, defeating Tomasz Bednarek and Henri Kontinen in the final, 7–5, 2–6, [10–8].

Adam Pavlásek
Adam Pavlásek (born 8 October 1994) is a Czech professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He reached his career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 29 on 4 November 2024 and a singles ranking of world No. 72 in January 2017. He is the current No. 1 Czech player in men's doubles.
Grimsthorpe Lake
Grimsthorpe Lake is a lake in the Moira River and Lake Ontario drainage basins that straddles the border between Tweed, Hastings County and Addington Highlands, Lennox and Addington County in Ontario, Canada.

The lake is about 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) long and 0.9 kilometres (0.6 mi) wide and lies at an elevation of 319 metres (1,047 ft) about 11 kilometres (7 mi) east of the community of Gunter and 17 kilometres (11 mi) northwest of the community of Cloyne. The primary inflow is Partridge Creek from the northwest, and there are three unnamed creek secondary inflows at the southwest, north and south. Partridge Creek is also the primary outflow at the southeast. It flows via the Skootamatta River and Moira River into the Bay of Quinte on Lake Ontario at Belleville.

Lennox and Addington County
Lennox and Addington County is a county and census division of the Canadian province of Ontario. The county seat is Greater Napanee. It is located in the subregion of Southern Ontario named Eastern Ontario.

Around the middle of the 19th century, the Addington Road was built by the province to encourage settlement in the northern sections of the county.
The Caxtons
The Caxtons:  A Family Picture is an 1849 Victorian novel by Edward Bulwer-Lytton that was popular in its time.

The book was first serialized anonymously in Blackwood's Magazine from April 1848 to October 1849, and first published in novel form (in three volumes) in Britain in 1849.  In the United States, it was serialized in Harper's Magazine (1850–53) and Littell's Living Age (1850-52).

The novel was "instantly popular" in Britain and also sold 35,000 copies within three years of its release in the United States.

Blackwood's Magazine
Blackwood's Magazine was a British magazine and miscellany printed between 1817 and 1980. It was founded by publisher William Blackwood and originally called the Edinburgh Monthly Magazine, but quickly relaunched as Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine. Nicknamed Maga, it was affiliated with Tory politics and a controversial tone described by scholars as "brilliant, troubling, acerbic"; "bold and forceful"; "riotous ... blackguardly"; and full of "puffery, and scurrilous critique". Having published a host of significant authors, literature scholar William B. Cairns judged it the best British literary journal between 1815 and 1833. In 1838, it was the inspiration for the short story "How to Write a Blackwood Article" by Edgar Allan Poe. The magazine went into decline following World War II and saw its final issue in December 1980.
Paulien van Dooremalen
Paulien van Dooremalen (born 4 July 1985) is a Dutch former badminton player from Duinwijck and she also played for the Badminton Club Amersfoort. She currently resides in Arnhem and was a doubles specialist. She also featured in the Netherlands women's team that won the 2006 European Women's Team Championships, and also the silver medal at the world women's team championships, 2006 Uber Cup in Japan. She won the Dutch National Mixed doubles title in 2008 with Ruud Bosch. She also won the National Women's doubles twice in 2010 and 2011 with Lotte Jonathans.

Netherlands national badminton team
The Netherlands national badminton team (Dutch: Nederlands nationaal badmintonteam) represents the Netherlands in international badminton team competitions. It is controlled by Badminton Nederland. The Dutch women's team had enjoyed success in the 2000s as the team were runners-up at the 2006 Uber Cup and were champions at the 2006 European Women's Team Badminton Championships when they beat England.

The men's team were runners-up at the 2020 European Men's Team Badminton Championships after losing 3-0 to Denmark. They also participated in the Thomas Cup but never got past the group stage.
Beitzel Peak
Beitzel Peak (80°17′S 82°18′W﻿ / ﻿80.283°S 82.300°W﻿ / -80.283; -82.300) is a peak, 2,170 metres (7,120 ft) high, rising 1.5 nautical miles (3 km) southeast of Minaret Peak in the Marble Hills, Heritage Range. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for John E. Beitzel, a geophysicist on the United States Antarctic Research Program South Pole—Queen Maud Land Traverse I and II, 1964–65 and 1965–66.

The first ascent is credited to British climbers Dominic Spicer and Rob Jarvis in late December 2009.

United States Antarctic Program
The United States Antarctic Program (or USAP; formerly known as the United States Antarctic Research Program or USARP and the United States Antarctic Service or USAS) is an organization of the United States government which has a presence in the Antarctica continent. Founded in 1959, the USAP manages all U.S. scientific research and related logistics in Antarctica as well as aboard ships in the Southern Ocean.
Constructivism (philosophy of science)
Constructivism is a view in the philosophy of science that maintains that scientific knowledge is constructed by the scientific community, which seeks to measure and construct models of the natural world. According to constructivists, natural science consists of mental constructs that aim to explain sensory experiences and measurements, and that there is no single valid methodology in science but rather a diversity of useful methods. They also hold that the world is independent of human minds, but knowledge of the world is always a human and social construction. Constructivism opposes the philosophy of objectivism, embracing the belief that human beings can come to know the truth about the natural world not mediated by scientific approximations with different degrees of validity and accuracy.

Conceptual model
The term conceptual model refers to any model that is the direct output of a conceptualization or generalization process. Conceptual models are often abstractions of things in the real world, whether physical or social. Semantic studies are relevant to various stages of concept formation. Semantics is fundamentally a study of concepts, the meaning that thinking beings give to various elements of their experience.
Rod Coelli
Rod Coelli (born 23 April 1955) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Coelli was recruited from Ardlethan Football Club in the South West Football League (New South Wales). He made three appearances late in the 1975 VFL season and then didn't play a single senior game in 1976.

He joined Sandringham in 1977 and was a member of the grand final losing team that year. In 1981, after 53 games for Sandringham, Coelli returned to his home state and signed with Albury. He won the 1981 Morris Medal, awarded to the "Best and Fairest" player in the Ovens & Murray Football League.

Ovens & Murray Football Netball League
The Ovens and Murray Football Netball League (OMFNL or O&MFNL) is an Australian rules football and netball competition containing ten clubs based in north-eastern Victoria, the southern Riverina region of New South Wales and the Ovens and Murray area. The name comes from the Ovens River, the river in the part of north-eastern Victoria covered by the league, and the Murray River, which separates Victoria and New South Wales.

The league features three grades in the Australian rules football competition, with these being Seniors, Reserve-Grade and Under 18s. In the netball competition, there are four grades, with these being A-Grade, B-Grade, C-Grade and Under 16s.

Currently a home and away season consisting of eighteen rounds is played. The best five teams then play off according to the McIntyre system, culminating in the O&MFNL Grand Final, which from 1995 to 2017 was held at the Lavington Sports Ground in the Albury suburb of Hamilton Valley.
Cycling at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Women's time trial C4–5
The women's time trial class C4-5 track cycling event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics took place on 27 August 2021 at the Izu Velodrome, Japan. This combined class of (C4-5) under classification C is for cyclists who have impairments that affect their legs, arms, and/or trunk but are still capable to use a standard bicycle. 11 cyclists from 10 nations competed in this event.

Izu Velodrome
The Izu Velodrome is a velodrome in Izu, Shizuoka, Japan. It has a 250-metre cycling track and spectator facilities for 3,600 people. It was opened in 2011, and was selected as the venue to host the track cycling events at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. It is the only indoor 250-metre velodrome with a wooden timber surface in Japan, as other velodromes in Japan are outdoors that are longer than 250-metres and with asphalt surfaces, dedicated largely for keirin.
Dusky fulvetta
The dusky fulvetta (Schoeniparus brunneus) is a species of bird in the family Pellorneidae. 
It is found in China and Taiwan.
Its natural habitats are temperate forest and subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest.

Temperate forest
A temperate forest is a forest found between the tropical and boreal regions, located in the temperate zone. It is the second largest terrestrial biome, covering 25% of the world's forest area, only behind the boreal forest, which covers about 33%. These forests cover both hemispheres at latitudes ranging from 25 to 50 degrees, wrapping the planet in a belt similar to that of the boreal forest. Due to its large size spanning several continents, there are several main types: deciduous, coniferous, mixed forest, and rainforest.
Jan Dashti
Jan Mohammad Dashti (born October 1951) is a Baloch poet, bureaucrat author and anti Islam activist, from Balochistan. Often known as just Jan Dashti, he is a senior bureaucrat serving as Balochistan's Provincial Secretary Mines and Minerals.

Baloch people
The Baloch people or the Balochs are an Iranian nomadic pastoral ethnic group which speaks the Western Iranic Balochi language and are native to the Balochistan region of South and West Asia, occupying parts of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan. There are also Baloch diaspora communities in neighbouring regions, including in Central Asia, and the Arabian Peninsula.

The majority of the Baloch reside within Pakistan. About 50% of the total Baloch population live in the Pakistani province of Balochistan, while 40% are settled in Sindh and a significant albeit smaller number resides in the Pakistani Punjab. They make up 3.6% of Pakistan's total population, 2% of Iran's population, and around 0.5%–1% of the population of Afghanistan, and the largest non-Arab community in Oman.
Nordstern (typeface)
Nordstern (transl. North Star) is a linear sans-serif typeface designed by Rolf Benjamin Fleischmann and published by Büro Sequenz in St. Gallen, Switzerland. It is geometrically constructed in a high x-height and comes in three weights: Normal (regular), Hell (light) and Dunkel (dark). Originally developed for a particular project, it was extended and digitized in 2015.

St. Gallen
St. Gallen is a Swiss city and the capital of the canton of St. Gallen. It evolved from the hermitage of Saint Gall, founded in the 7th century. Today, it is a large urban agglomeration (with around 167,000 inhabitants in 2019) and represents the center of eastern Switzerland. Its economy consists mainly of the service sector. The city is home to the University of St. Gallen, one of the best business schools in Europe.

The main tourist attraction is the Abbey of Saint Gall, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Abbey's renowned library contains books from the 9th century. The official language of St. Gallen is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of Alemannic Swiss German. The city has good transport links to the rest of the country and to neighbouring Germany and Austria. It also functions as the gate to the Appenzellerland.