hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Guo Jia
Guo Jia (pronunciationⓘ) (170– c.October 207), courtesy name Fengxiao, was a military adviser to the warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. Throughout his 11 years of service, Guo Jia aided Cao Cao greatly with his brilliance and foresight, and his strategies were instrumental to Cao Cao's triumphs over rival warlords such as Lü Bu and Yuan Shao. For example, four years before Cao Cao's decisive victory over Yuan Shao at the Battle of Guandu, Guo Jia already foresaw that Cao Cao would win when he pointed out ten advantages Cao Cao had over Yuan Shao.

Xuchang
Xuchang (simplified Chinese: 许昌; traditional Chinese: 許昌; postal: Hsuchang) is a prefecture-level city in central Henan province in Central China. It is bordered by the provincial capital of Zhengzhou to the northwest, Kaifeng to the northeast, Zhoukou to the east, Luohe to the southeast, and Pingdingshan to the southwest.

Its population was 4,307,488 inhabitants at the final 2010 census, of whom 1,952,666 lived in the built-up (or "metro") area made up of Weidu and Jian'an districts (named from Emperor Xian of Han's era name) and Changge City largely being urbanized.  In 2007, the city was named as one of China's top ten livable cities by Chinese Cities Brand Value Report, which was released at 2007 Beijing Summit of China Cities Forum.
Freddy Spurgeon
Fred Spurgeon (October 9, 1901 – November 5, 1970) was a Major League Baseball second baseman who played for four seasons. He played for the Cleveland Indians from 1924 to 1927. He was the starting second baseman during the 1926 Cleveland Indians season and led the league in sacrifice hits with 35 and outs with 470. He hit his only major league home run on July 13, 1927, off of Dutch Ruether in a 5–3 loss to the New York Yankees at League Park.

In 316 games over four seasons, Spurgeon posted a .285 batting average (335-for-1176) with 181 runs, one home run and 101 RBI. He finished his career with a .952 fielding percentage.

Out (baseball)
In baseball, an out occurs when the umpire rules a batter or baserunner out. When a batter or runner is out, they lose their ability to score a run and must return to the dugout until their next turn at bat. When three outs are recorded in a half-inning, the batting team's turn expires.

To signal an out, an umpire generally makes a fist with one hand, and then flexes that arm either upward, particularly on pop flies, or forward, particularly on routine plays at first base. Home plate umpires often use a "punch-out" motion to signal a called strikeout.
LMS diesel shunter 7057
LMS diesel shunter 7057, later to become NCC Class 22, was built by Harland & Wolff. Testing started in July 1934 and the locomotive was taken into LMS stock in February 1935.  It was loaned to the War Department between 1941-1943, which numbered it 233. It was withdrawn from LMS stock in January 1944 and sold back to Harland & Wolff, which rebuilt it with a new 225 hp (168 kW) engine and converted it to the 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) gauge. It was then sold to the Northern Counties Committee, which numbered it 22. It was finally withdrawn in April 1965 and scrapped at the close of that year.

War Department (United Kingdom)
The War Department was the United Kingdom government department responsible for the supply of equipment to the armed forces of the United Kingdom and the pursuance of military activity. In 1857, it became the War Office. Within the War Office, the name 'War Department' remained in use to describe the military transport services of the War Department Fleet and the War Department Railways.
Spider-Man (1982 video game)
Spider-Man is a vertical scrolling action game programmed by Laura Nikolich for the Atari 2600, and released in 1982 by Parker Brothers. It was both the first video game to feature Spider-Man and the first Marvel Comics-based video game.

Computer Entertainer
Computer Entertainer, also known as The Video Game Update, was an American video game newsletter. Based out of Los Angeles, California and edited by Celeste Dolan, it was published monthly between 1982 and 1990, and one of the few publications to survive the 1983 video game crash in North America. It regularly featured news and reviews of computer and home console software, sales charts, coverage of the annual Consumer Electronics Show, interviews with developers in the video game industry, and release dates. Since its discontinuation, it is currently owned by the Video Game History Foundation.
James DeWolfe
James "Jim" DeWolfe (born May 14, 1949) is a former political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Pictou East in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1998 to 2006 as a Progressive Conservative.

DeWolfe was born in 1949 in New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, the son of William Elliott DeWolfe and Hazel Macdonald. He was educated at St. Francis Xavier University and the Technical University of Nova Scotia. In 1968, he married Diane Breen. He was employed by the Bank of Nova Scotia from 1967 to 1968 and then worked as a cartographer with the Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources for 29 years.

DeWolfe entered provincial politics in the 1998 election, defeating Liberal incumbent Wayne Fraser by more than 1500 votes in the Pictou East riding. He was re-elected in the 1999, and 2003 elections. On May 1, 2006, DeWolfe announced he was leaving politics and would not reoffer in the 2006 election.

Pictou East
Pictou East is a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that elects one member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly.

Its Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) since the 2013 election is Tim Houston of the Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia who replaced Clarrie MacKinnon of the New Democratic Party of Nova Scotia.
Marriott Hotels & Resorts
Marriott Hotels & Resorts is Marriott International's brand of full-service hotels and resorts based in Bethesda, Maryland. As of June 30, 2020, there were 582 hotels and resorts with 205,053 rooms operating under the brand, in addition to 160 hotels with 47,765 rooms planned for development.

Camelback Inn
JW Marriott Scottsdale Camelback Inn Resort and Spa is a historic resort and spa owned by Marriott International, Inc, located on the southern slope of Mummy Mountain in Paradise Valley, Arizona, United States. The Camelback Inn was established in 1936 by Jack Bell Stewart and John C. Lincoln. Its popularity among Hollywood celebrities and political leaders made it a significant contributor to the region's growth. In 2012, Camelback Inn was one of three North American hotels which had maintained a AAA 5-Diamond rating since the award's inception in 1975. In 2013, AAA reduced the hotel's status to four diamonds.
Alan T. Busby
Alan Thacker Busby (December 12, 1895 – June 10, 1992) was an American animal scientist and educator who taught at two historically black universities from 1921 to 1966. He was the first African American to attend the University of Connecticut, enrolling in 1914 and earning his bachelor's degree with honors in 1918.

Storrs, Connecticut
Storrs (/stɔːrz/ storz) is a village and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Mansfield in eastern Tolland County, Connecticut, United States. The village is part of the Capitol Planning Region. The population was 15,979 at the 2020 census.

Storrs is dominated economically and demographically by the main campus of the University of Connecticut and the associated Connecticut Repertory Theatre.
Battle of Victory
The Battle of Victory (Arabic: معركة النصر, Maarakat an-Nasr), also known as "Tahrir Sahl al-Ghab" was an operations room created by Syrian rebel factions in April 2015, with the goal of capturing the city of Jisr al-Shughur and the surrounding areas in northwestern Syria, from the control of Syrian government forces. The operations room was modelled on the Army of Conquest, which captured Idlib city, and features many of the same groups.

Idlib
Idlib (Arabic: إِدْلِب, romanized: ʾIdlib, pronounced [ʔid.lib]; also spelt Idleb or Edlib) is a city in northwestern Syria, and is the capital of the Idlib Governorate. It has an elevation of nearly 500 meters (1,600 ft) above sea level, and is 59 kilometers (37 mi) southwest of Aleppo. It is located near the border with Turkey.
Spain in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2019
Spain was represented at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2019 with the song "Marte", written by Pablo Mora and Manu Chalud, and performed by Melani García. The Spanish participating broadcaster, Radiotelevisión Española (RTVE), internally selected its entry for the contest.

María Isabel
María Isabel López Rodríguez (born 4 January 1995), known professionally as María Isabel, is a Spanish singer. She rose to prominence after she won the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2004 for Spain with the song "Antes muerta que sencilla".
Siboniso Mamba
Ntokozo Siboniso Mamba (born 24 February 1991) is a Liswati football player who plays for the Eswatini national team. He debuted on 4 September 2019 in the 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification, and scored his first goal for Eswatini against Djibouti in a 2–1 defeat.

Djibouti national football team
The Djibouti national football team (Arabic: منتخب جيبوتي لكرة القدم, French: Équipe de football de Djibouti), nicknamed the "Sharks of the Red Sea" (Arabic: أسماك قرش البحر الأحمر, French: Requins de la Mer Rouge), is the national football team of Djibouti. It is controlled by the Djiboutian Football Federation and is a member of the Confederation of African Football (CAF) and the Union of Arab Football Associations (UAFA). The Djibouti national football team's first win in a full FIFA-sanctioned international match was a 1–0 win vs. Somalia in the first round of the 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification.
Elephant Reintroduction Foundation
The Elephant Reintroduction Foundation (Thai: มูลนิธิคืนช้างสู่ธรรมชาติ) is a non-profit conservation organization whose goal is to re-introduce captive elephants into their natural habitat. It was founded in 1996, on the initiative of Queen Sirikit of Thailand. Between 1998 and 2012, the organization had acquired and released back into the wild 84 elephants.

Sirikit
Sirikit (born Mom Rajawongse Sirikit Kitiyakara; 12 August 1932 – 24 October 2025) was Queen of Thailand from 28 April 1950 to 13 October 2016 as the wife of King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX).

Sirikit met Bhumibol in Paris where her father served as the Thai ambassador to France. They married in 1950, shortly before Bhumibol's coronation. In 1956, she was appointed queen regent during the King's temporary ordination as a Buddhist monk. The royal couple had four children: Ubol Ratana, Vajiralongkorn (Rama X), Sirindhorn, and Chulabhorn. As consort to the monarch who became one of the world's longest-reigning heads of state, she held the distinction of being the world's longest-serving queen consort.

Sirikit suffered a stroke in 2012 and subsequently withdrew from public life. She died on 24 October 2025 at the age of 93.
Cooperstown Graduate Program
The Cooperstown Graduate Program (CGP) is the first and oldest dedicated museum studies program within the United States. It provides a Master of Arts degree in Museum Studies, with concentrations in science museum studies and history museum studies. Part of the State University of New York at Oneonta, the Cooperstown Graduate Program is located in Cooperstown, known as the "village of museums." It is considered an important part of the development of public history within the United States.

Museology
Museology (also called museum studies or museum science) is the study of museums. It explores the history of museums and their role in society, as well as the activities they engage in, including curating, preservation, public programming, and education.
Bobby Duggan
Bobby Duggan (born 1995) is an Irish hurler who plays as a centre-forward for the Clare senior team.

Born in Clarecastle, County Clare, Duggan was introduced to hurling in his youth. He first came to prominence playing in the Harty Cup with St. Flannan's College while simultaneously joining the minor and under-21 teams with the Clarecastle club. Duggan subsequently joined the club's senior team.

Duggan made his debut on the inter-county scene at the age of sixteen when he first linked up with the Clare minor team before later enjoying All-Ireland success with the under-21 team. He made his senior debut during the 2014 Waterford Crystal Cup. He has since gone on to become a regular member of the Clare senior team.

Clare county hurling team
The Clare county hurling team represents Clare in hurling and is governed by Clare GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions - the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Munster Senior Hurling Championship and the National Hurling League.

Clare's home ground is Cusack Park, Ennis. The team's manager is Brian Lohan of the Wolfe Tones, Shannon, club.

The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 1998, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 2024 and the National League in 2024.
Kvaisa
Kvaisi or Kvaisa (Georgian: კვაისი [kʼʷaisi], Ossetian: Къуайса [ˈkʼʷäjsä]) is an urban-type settlement in the Oni Municipality of Georgia. According to the official subdivision of Georgia it is in the Oni district of the Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti region of Georgia.

Settlement is located on the river Jejora (which is a tributary of Rioni river) on the slopes if Racha mountain ridge, 60 km north-west of Tskhinvali and 20 km from Oni.

Lead and zinc deposits are located near the city and in the Soviet times an ore mining and processing enterprise and hydroelectric power station worked in the region.

The town suffered significantly in the 7–8 September 2009 earthquake and around 80 local families remained homeless in late September.

Tskhinvali
Tskhinvali or Tskhinval, occasionally called  Stalinir during specific contexts, is the capital of the disputed de facto independent Republic of South Ossetia, internationally considered part of Shida Kartli, Georgia (except by Russia and four other UN member states). Tskhinvali Region was also known historically as Samachablo by Georgians. It is located on the Great Liakhvi River approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of the Georgian capital Tbilisi.
San Pablo (volcano)
San Pablo is a dormant volcano located in the Antofagasta Region of Chile, near the Bolivia border. It is joined to the younger San Pedro volcano by a high col. It is located in the Chilean province of El Loa, city of Calama and Ollagüe.

San Pablo was active in pre-glacial times. After that period, glaciations formed a girdle of moraines and the mountain was covered by ash fall from neighbouring San Pedro. Its central crater was eroded and a glacier formed inside. The volcano itself is formed by three groups of andesite lavas which variously contain pyroxene or hornblende; these groups are known as the Lower Group, the Middle Group and the Summit Group.

Glacial period
A glacial period (alternatively glacial or glaciation) is an interval of time (thousands of years) within an ice age that is marked by colder temperatures and glacier advances. Interglacials, on the other hand, are periods of warmer climate between glacial periods. The Last Glacial Period ended about 15,000 years ago. The Holocene is the current interglacial. A time with no glaciers on Earth is considered a greenhouse climate state.
Ibn Tunart
Ibn Tunart or Ibn Tunirt, whose full name was Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Qaysi, was born in 1085 in the Qal'at Bani Ḥammad. He studied in Béjaïa then in Cordoba. He later became a teacher and judge in Fez. He died in the same city in 1172.

Béjaïa
Béjaïa (/bɪˈdʒaɪə/ bij-EYE-ə; Arabic: بجاية, romanized: Bijāya, pronounced [biˈdʒaːja], locally [ˈb(d)ʒæːjə]), formerly known as Bougie and Bugia, is a Mediterranean port city and commune on the Gulf of Béjaïa in Algeria; it is the capital of Béjaïa Province.
Mitchell Brown (rugby union)
Mitchell Brown (born 15 August 1993) is a New Zealand rugby union player who currently plays as a lock or loose forward for Taranaki in New Zealand's domestic Mitre 10 Cup and the Chiefs in the international Super Rugby competition.

Flanker (rugby union)
Flanker is a position in the sport of rugby union. Each team of 15 players includes two flankers, who play in the forwards, and are generally classified as either blindside or openside flankers, numbers 6 and 7 respectively. The name comes from their position in a scrum in which they 'flank' each set of forwards. They compete for the ball – most commonly in rucks and mauls. Flankers also assist in pushing in a scrum, but are expected to detach from the scrum as soon as the ball is out to get to the play before the opposition's forwards. Flankers also participate in line-outs, either being lifted to contest or win possession, or to lift other players. Flankers are usually the key participants in the tackling process. The flankers, especially the openside, are often the fastest forwards on the team but still relied upon for tackling.
Hôtel Pams
The Hôtel Pams is a mansion in Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales, France. 
It was built between 1852 and 1872 by Pierre Bardou, one of the founders of the JOB cigarette paper company, then transformed in the 1890s into an elegant mansion by his son-in-law Jules Pams, a politician and amateur art-lover. 
It illustrates the artistic taste of the wealthy bourgeois at the turn of the 20th century.
Today the building is owned by the city of Perpignan, and is only occasionally open to the public.

Pyrénées-Orientales
Pyrénées-Orientales (French: [piʁene ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; Catalan: Pirineus Orientals [piɾiˈnɛwz uɾiənˈtals]; Occitan: Pirenèus Orientals [piɾeˈnɛwz uɾjenˈtals]; lit. 'Eastern Pyrenees'), also known as Northern Catalonia, is a department of the region of Occitania, Southern France, adjacent to the northern Spanish frontier and the Mediterranean Sea. It borders the departments of Ariège to the northwest and Aude to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the east and the Spanish province of Girona in Catalonia to the south and the country of Andorra to the west. It also surrounds the tiny Spanish exclave of Llívia, and thus has two distinct borders with Spain. In 2019, it had a population of 479,979. Some parts of the Pyrénées-Orientales (like the Cerdagne) are part of the Iberian Peninsula. It is named after the Pyrenees mountain range. Historically, most of the department corresponds with the northern part of the medieval and early modern Principality of Catalonia.
International rugby union team records
These are men's International Team records in international rugby, updated at the conclusion of the November Internationals window each year.

To view men's individual records, see International rugby union player records. To view records of the men's Rugby World Cup, see Records and statistics of the Rugby World Cup.

End-of-year rugby union internationals
The end-of-year rugby union internationals (also known as the autumn internationals in Six Nations countries and the spring internationals in SANZAAR countries) are rugby union games contested by men's national teams during World Rugby's international window in October and November.

Matches in this window are held annually except during the years of the Rugby World Cup. In general SANZAAR teams travel in this window. Usually, Second-tier national teams also have games.

Grand Slam tours can occur in this window. This is where a nation plays the four home unions of Britain and Ireland – England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.

Every four years, this window is extended and used for the Rugby World Cup.

From 2026, this international window will be used for the new Nations Championship on even years.
Deus Ex Machina (heavy metal band)
Deus Ex Machina is a Singaporean death metal/thrash metal band, and is one of the few extreme metal acts from Southeast Asia that has gained a following in Europe and the United States. They represent a rarity in the Southeast Asian Metal scenes in favouring a more melodic musical approach and concept-based poetic lyrics in contrast to the more aggressive and brutal stylings of the region. They are also a highly internationalized band, with a background of having band members from different parts of the world.

Extreme metal
Extreme metal is a loosely defined umbrella term for a number of related heavy metal music subgenres that have developed since the early 1980s. It has been defined as a "cluster of metal subgenres characterized by sonic, verbal, and visual transgression", and refers to metal that is harsher, heavier, more aggressive and less commercialized than other subgenres. Extreme metal is generally underground music that values authenticity and strives to remain outside the mainstream. The term usually includes thrash metal, death metal, black metal and doom metal. Some definitions do not recognise doom metal, or consider that only some of its subgenres are extreme. Most extreme metal styles have very fast tempos and originally took inspiration from hardcore punk.
2013 Franken Challenge
The 2013 Franken Challenge was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 26th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Fürth, Germany between 3 and 9 June 2013.

Kevin Krawietz
Kevin Krawietz (born 24 January 1992) is a German professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He achieved his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 5 on 10 February 2025. Krawietz has won twelve doubles titles on the ATP Tour, including the 2024 ATP Finals with Tim Pütz, becoming the first all-German pair to win the title. He is a two-time Grand Slam champion at the French Open in 2019 and 2020 with Andreas Mies.

Krawietz was also a finalist with Tim Pütz at the 2024 US Open and reached the mixed doubles semifinals at the 2021 Wimbledon Championships and at the 2022 French Open, partnering Květa Peschke and Nicole Melichar-Martinez respectively.

In singles, Krawietz reached his highest ranking of world No. 211 in December 2018. He has represented Germany in the Davis Cup since 2019, and also competed at the 2020 Olympic Games in men's and mixed doubles and 2024 Olympic Games in men's doubles.
Petham
Petham is a rural village and civil parish in the North Downs, five miles south of Canterbury in Kent, South East England.

The village church is All Saints, Petham and is Grade I listed. It was built in the 13th century but suffered from a fire in 1922 and had to be reconstructed. The village hall was rebuilt in the early 21st century next to Marble pond on relatively low meadows deemed unsuitable for housing and insurance.

Petham has rolling hills within its bounds, including ancient forested slopes and thatched medieval and Tudor period cottages.

It now incorporates Swarling to the north, which had "33.5" households in the Domesday Book, and is one of the type sites for British Iron Age Aylesford-Swarling pottery.  The excavation, by J. P. Bushe-Fox, to publication took place in 1921–1925.

Tudor period
In England and Wales, the Tudor period occurred between 1485 and 1603, including the Elizabethan era. The Tudor period coincides with the reign of the House of Tudor, which began with the accession of Henry VII and ended with the death of Elizabeth I.  Under the Tudor dynasty, art, architecture, trade, exploration, and commerce flourished. Historian John Guy (1988) argued that "England was economically healthier, more expensive, and more optimistic under the Tudors" than at any time since the ancient Roman occupation.