hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 1288
NGC 1288 is an intermediate barred spiral galaxy located about 196 million light years away in the constellation Fornax. In the nineteenth century, English astronomer John Herschel described it as "very faint, large, round, very gradually little brighter middle." The morphological classification of SABc(rs) indicates weak bar structure across the nucleus (SAB), an incomplete inner ring orbiting outside the bar (rs), and the multiple spiral arms are moderately wound (c). The spiral arms branch at intervals of 120° at a radius of 30″ from the nucleus. The galaxy is most likely surrounded by a dark matter halo, giving it a mass-to-light ratio of 14 M☉/L☉.

On July 17, 2006, a supernova with a magnitude of 16.1 was imaged in this galaxy from Pretoria, South Africa, at 12″ east and 2″ of the galactic core. Designated SN 2006dr, it was determined to be a type Ia supernova.

Galaxy morphological classification
Galaxy morphological classification is a system used by astronomers to divide galaxies into groups based on their visual appearance. There are several schemes in use by which galaxies can be classified according to their morphologies, the most famous being the Hubble sequence, devised by Edwin Hubble and later expanded by Gérard de Vaucouleurs and Allan Sandage. However, galaxy classification and morphology are now largely done using computational methods and physical morphology.
Menznau railway station
Menznau railway station (German: Bahnhof Menznau) is a railway station in the municipality of Menznau, in the Swiss canton of Lucerne. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Huttwil–Wolhusen line of BLS AG.

Huttwil–Wolhusen railway line
The Huttwil–Wolhusen railway line is a single-track standard-gauge railway line in Switzerland and currently operated by BLS AG. It was built by the Huttwil-Wolhusen-Bahn (HWB), based in Willisau, and opened on 9 May 1895. Operations were managed by the Langenthal-Huttwil-Bahn (LHB), which owned and operated the Langenthal–Huttwil railway. On 1 January 1944, the HWB was merged into the Vereinigte Huttwil-Bahnen (United Huttwil Railways, VHB), which was later merged into BLS AG.
Bassic
Martin "Bassic" Lindhe (born 20 January 1971) is a Swedish musician and composer, with a style that blends electronica, ambient and dance. His music is often progressive and suggestive in nature. He is best known for his string of hits on the music website mp3.com, where he during a period of almost two years he was one of the most downloaded artists in the genres electronica, new age, mood music and progressive trance. He moved to the United States in 1999. In 2020, his family lost their house in Boulder Creek, California to the 2020 California wildfires and is as of February 2021 living in a rented house. Lindhe is the great-grandchild of the Swedish composer Wilhelm Stenhammar.

Boulder Creek, California
Boulder Creek (/ˈbəʊl.dər ˈkriːk/) is an unincorporated place in the coastal Santa Cruz Mountains. It is a census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Cruz County, California, with a population of 5,429 as of the 2020 census. Throughout its history, Boulder Creek has been home to a logging town and a resort community, as well as a counter-culture haven. Today, it is identified as the gateway to Big Basin Redwoods State Park.
Nigel Nicholson
Nigel Nicholson FBPsS FBAM is a British business psychologist and Emeritus Professor of Organisational Behaviour at London Business School. He is known for his work advocating the application of evolutionary psychology to business management.

British Academy of Management
The British Academy of Management (BAM) is a British learned society dedicated to advancing the academic discipline of management in the United Kingdom. It is a member of the Academy of Social Sciences.

The academy runs two flagship peer-reviewed academic journals: the British Journal of Management and the International Journal of Management Reviews as well as an annual conference. Its headquarters are in London, United Kingdom.
Bystander Nunatak
Bystander Nunatak (71°20′S 159°40′E﻿ / ﻿71.333°S 159.667°E﻿ / -71.333; 159.667) is a nunatak in New Zealand, 2,435 metres (7,990 ft) high, lying 5 nautical miles (9 km) southwest of Forsythe Bluff, on the west side of Daniels Range in the Usarp Mountains. The name applied by the northern party of the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition, 1963–64, is suggestive of the aspect of this relatively isolated feature.

Nunatak
A nunatak (from Inuit nunataq) is the summit or ridge of a mountain that protrudes from an ice field or glacier that otherwise covers most of the mountain or ridge. They often form natural pyramidal peaks. Isolated nunataks are also called glacial islands, and smaller nunataks rounded by glacial action may be referred to as rognons.

The word is of Greenlandic origin and has been used in English since the 1870s.
2013 Asian Le Mans Series
The 2013 Asian Le Mans Series was the second season of the Automobile Club de l'Ouest's Asian Le Mans Series endurance auto racing championship. The series was initially launched in 2009 at the 1000 km of Okayama, but did not resume the following year. The project was reinitialized by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) in 2012, with the Chinese S2M Group serving as the series promoter and TS Motorsport serving as organizer. It is the fourth 24 Hours of Le Mans-based series created by the ACO, following the American Le Mans Series, European Le Mans Series, and FIA World Endurance Championship. The four event season began in Inje, South Korea on 4 August and ended in Selangor, Malaysia on 8 December 2013.

2009 1000 km of Okayama
The 2009 1000 km of Okayama was the inaugural event of Automobile Club de l'Ouest's (ACO) Asian Le Mans Series.  It was held at the Okayama International Circuit, Japan and featured two 500 km races held on 30 October and 1 November 2009.  The winning teams in each of the four categories earned an automatic invitation to the 2010 24 Hours of Le Mans.  A second Asian Le Mans Series event, scheduled for the Shanghai International Circuit, China, on 7 and 8 November was cancelled by the ACO due to economic circumstances.  The race weekend is being shared with the World Touring Car Championship's Race of Japan.
PSG Institute of Management Coimbatore
PSG Institute of Management Coimbatore (PSGIM) is a private business school located in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1994. It has four streams of studies that include Finance, Marketing, Operations, HR. Dual degree and Business Analytics is also available. It is a part of PSG College of Technology.

PSGIM offers a variety of programs in management, including a two-year full-time MBA program, a two-year full-time PGDM program, and a Ph.D. program in management. The MBA program has several specializations including Marketing, Finance, HR, Operations, Systems, and Entrepreneurship.

The institution has several research centers, including the Center for Entrepreneurship Development, the Center for Behavioral Science, the Center for Family Business, and the Center for Business Analytics. These centers provide students and faculty with the opportunity to conduct research in their respective fields.

PSG College of Technology
PSG College of Technology (often abbreviated as PSG Tech) is an autonomous, government aided, private engineering college in Coimbatore, India. It is affiliated with Anna University. It is an initiative of the PSG and Sons Charities Trust.
Éva Tauszk
Éva Tauszk (November 16, 1924 – 2 October 1967) was a Hungarian internist, candidate of medical sciences.

She studied at the University of Szeged, and also in Budapest. From 1961 to 1963 she worked as an adjunct at Semmelweis University. She studied the genesis of heart attack, as well as endocrinological problems.

Semmelweis University
Semmelweis University (Hungarian: Semmelweis Egyetem, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈsɛmːɛlvɛjs ˈɛɟɛtɛm]) is a research-led medical school in Budapest, Hungary, founded in 1769. With six faculties and a doctoral school it covers all aspects of medical and health sciences.

The university is also the largest provider of health care services in Hungary. Most of the departments cater for the most serious cases and patients requiring complex treatment.

As the highest listed institution in Hungary in the 2024 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, Semmelweis University is ranked at #562 globally.
1:12 scale
The 1:12 scale is a traditional scale (ratio) for models and miniatures. In this scale (ratio), one inch on the scale model or miniature is equal to twelve inches on the original object being copied. Depending on the application, this particular scale (ratio) is also called one-scale (since 1 inch equals 1 foot).

The scale is popular for dollhouses, especially those aimed at adult collectors.  It is also used for model live steam railroads, and rather rarely, for high-end die-cast model and radio-controlled cars.

1:12 scale is also popular for action figures and related toys, especially those based on superheroes and related concepts (such as Marvel Legends, DC Universe Classics and most recently Mezco Toyz's One:12 Collective line.) It has also been used for at least one related game (Shadowrun Duels).

The 1:12 scale was also used in Jonathan Swift's 1726 novel Gulliver's Travels. The ratio was used to compare the Lilliputians to Gulliver.

Action figure
An action figure is a poseable character model figure made most commonly of plastic, and often based upon characters from a film, comic book, military, video game, television program, or sport; fictional or historical. These figures are usually marketed toward boys and adult collectors. The term was coined by Hasbro in 1964 to market G.I. Joe to boys (while competitors called similar offerings boy's dolls).

According to a 2005 study in Sweden, action figures which display traditional masculine traits primarily target boys. While most commonly marketed as a child's toy, the action figure has gained widespread acceptance as collector item for adults. In such a case, the item may be produced and designed on the assumption it will be bought solely for display as a collectible and not played with like a child's toy.
Okama Crater Lake
Okama (Japanese: 御釜), meaning an honourable cauldron, is the inactive volcanic crater (crater lake) on top of Mount Zaō, located in Kawasaki, Miyagi, on the border with Yamagata, Japan. While local people call it affectionately Okama, the visitors tend to call it Goshiki-numa (五色沼), meaning "Five Color Pond", because its color changes depending on the time of the day, the weather, or the season of the year.

Okama Crater Lake is situated at the height of about 1600 meters above sea level. According to the 1968 survey, its east-west and north-south diameters are both 325 meters, and maximum depth is 27.6 meters.

Volcanic crater
A volcanic crater is an approximately circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity. It is typically a bowl-shaped feature containing one or more vents. During volcanic eruptions, molten magma and volcanic gases rise from an underground magma chamber, through a conduit, until they reach the crater's vent, from where the gases escape into the atmosphere and the magma is erupted as lava. A volcanic crater can be of large dimensions and sometimes of great depth. During certain types of explosive eruptions, a volcano's magma chamber may empty enough for an area above it to subside, forming a type of larger depression known as a caldera.
Nviiri the Storyteller
Nviiri Sande (born 19 August 1991), professionally known as Nviiri the story teller is a Kenyan singer and songwriter. In 2019, he gained mainstream recognition following being signed to Sol Generation Records and the release of the song Extravaganza.

Bensoul
Benson Mutua (born March 4, 1996), professionally known as Bensoul, is a Kenyan singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. He achieved mainstream success in 2019 after becoming the first signee of Sol Generation Records by Sautisol, and releasing his single Lucy. His five-year deal ended in 2023 and he left the label to start his own record label, Lion of Sudah.
Karsavran, Tarsus
Karsavran is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Tarsus, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population was 93 as of 2022. It is situated 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) south of Turkish state highway D.400 in Çukurova plains.

Its distance to Tarsus is 22 kilometres (14 mi) and to Mersin is 52 kilometres (32 mi). The village's main economic activity is farming. Cotton and various vegetables are produced. Çukurova Airport construction site is to the west of the village.

Çukurova
Çukurova (Turkish pronunciation: [tʃuˈkuɾova]), or the Cilician Plain (Cilicia Pedias in antiquity), is a large fertile plain in the Cilicia region of southern Anatolia. The plain covers the easternmost areas of Mersin Province, southern and central Adana Province, western Osmaniye Province and northwestern Hatay Province.
Bamberger triazine synthesis
The Bamberger triazine synthesis in organic chemistry is a classic organic synthesis of a triazine first reported by Eugen Bamberger in 1892.

The reactants are an aryl diazonium salt obtained from reaction of the corresponding aniline with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid and the hydrazone of pyruvic acid. The azo intermediate converts to the benzotriazine in the third step with sulfuric acid in acetic acid.

Hydrazone
Hydrazones are a class of organic compounds with the structure R1R2C=N−NH2. They are related to ketones and aldehydes by the replacement of the oxygen =O with the =N−NH2 functional group. They are formed usually by the action of hydrazine on ketones or aldehydes.
Pentaclethra
Pentaclethra is a small genus of trees from the tropics. They are flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. They belong to the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae.

The name Pentaclethra is derived from Ancient Greek, penta meaning 'five', and cleithro meaning 'bolt', which alludes to the five imbricate sepals and five petals joined at the base, characteristic of this genus.

Caesalpinioideae
Caesalpinioideae is a botanical name at the rank of subfamily, placed in the large family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. Its name is formed from the generic name Caesalpinia. It is known also as the peacock flower subfamily. The Caesalpinioideae are mainly trees distributed in the moist tropics, but include such temperate species as the honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos) and Kentucky coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus). It has the following clade-based definition:

The most inclusive crown clade containing Arcoa gonavensis Urb. and Mimosa pudica L., but not Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J. H. Kirkbr. & Wiersema, Duparquetia orchidacea Baill., or Poeppigia procera C.Presl

In some classifications, for example the Cronquist system, the group is recognized at the rank of family, Caesalpiniaceae.
LSAT caseless ammunition
LSAT caseless ammunition is caseless ammunition produced as part of the U.S. Army’s Lightweight Small Arms Technologies (LSAT) program.

Although less advanced in development than the other ammunition component of the program, the caseless round has already produced significant results.  Having replicated Dynamit Nobel's ACR ammunition, the HITP (High Ignition Temperature Propellant, which is hexogen/octogen-based to decrease heat sensitivity) ammunition was modified to a 5.56 mm round.  Tests proved the ammunition's usability, and development of the weapon was advanced using knowledge gained from the cased version.

5.56×45mm NATO
The 5.56×45mm NATO (official NATO nomenclature 5.56 NATO, commonly pronounced "five-five-six") is a rimless bottlenecked centerfire intermediate cartridge family developed in the late 1970s in Belgium by FN Herstal. It consists of the SS109, L110, and SS111 cartridges. On 28 October 1980, under STANAG 4172, it was standardized as the second standard service rifle cartridge for NATO forces as well as many non-NATO countries. Though they are not identical, the 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge family was derived from the .223 Remington cartridge designed by Remington Arms in the early 1960s, which has a near-identical case. However, firing chamber dimensions differ slightly between rifles manufactured for the designated cartridges. The differences may cause unsafe chamber pressures when firing 5.56 NATO in rifles designed for .223 Remington. Therefore, this combination is not recommended.
Englefield (surname)
Englefield is an English surname. Notable people with this surname include the following:

Cicely Englefield (1893–1970), English artist and author

Sir Francis Englefield (c. 1520–1596), English Roman Catholic politician

Frank Englefield (1878–1945), English footballer

Sir Henry Charles Englefield, Bt (1752–1822), English antiquary and scientist

Jarrod Englefield (born 1979), New Zealand cricketer

Ronald Englefield (1891–1975), English poet and philosopher

Sir Thomas Englefield (c.1455–1514), Speaker of the House of Commons, England

Englefield baronets

Frank Englefield
Frank Englefield (August 1878 – 1945) was an English professional footballer who played for Southampton in the late 1890s, generally at outside-left  although his only Southern League appearance came at left-half.
Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth
The Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth, was a senior commander of the Royal Navy for hundreds of years. The commanders-in-chief were based at premises in High Street, Portsmouth from the 1790s until the end of Sir Thomas Williams's tenure, his successor, Sir Philip Durham, being the first to move into Admiralty House at the Royal Navy Dockyard, where subsequent holders of the office were based until 1969. Prior to World War I the officer holder was sometimes referred to in official dispatches as the Commander-in-Chief, Spithead.

The Command extended along the south coast from Newhaven in East Sussex to Portland in Dorset. In 1889 the Commander-in-Chief took HMS Victory as his flagship.

James Wishart
Admiral Sir James Wishart (1659–1723) was a Scottish admiral in the Royal Navy and Member of Parliament (MP) for Portsmouth. Wishart served at the Battle of Cadiz and the Battle of Vigo Bay in 1702 and at the Capture of Gibraltar.
FLIC (file format)
The FLIC file formats most known in the extension .FLI and .FLC, used to store animation files. It is similar to animated GIF. The FLIC animation format was originally developed by Autodesk for use with Autodesk Animator (FLI) and Autodesk Animator Pro (FLC). In 1993 Jim Kent had a Dr. Dobbs article with a source code listing, introducing the FLIC format to the public.

The format uses pixel-wise differential encoding between frames (like GIF) to reduce file size.

In the 1990s video game developers used the format for intros and other animated sequences in their games, for instance UFO: Enemy Unknown (1994) by MicroProse.

Autodesk released a Freeware software called AAPlay to play FLI/FLC files on the PC. After the end of development and support by Autodesk, the community wrote substitutes themselves, for instance free and open source libraries for writing and reading FLI/FLC.

Jim Kent
William James Kent (born February 10, 1960) is an American research scientist and computer programmer. He has been a contributor to genome database projects and the 2003 winner of the Benjamin Franklin Award.
2015 Laguna Seca Superbike World Championship round
The 2015 Laguna Seca Superbike World Championship round was the ninth round of the 2015 Superbike World Championship. It took place over the weekend of 17–19 July 2015 at the Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca located in Monterey, California, United States.

Laguna Seca
Laguna Seca Raceway (branded as WeatherTech Raceway Laguna Seca, and previously Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca for sponsorship reasons) is a paved road racing track on the Central Coast of California used for both auto racing and motorcycle racing, built in 1957 near both Salinas and Monterey, California, United States.

The racetrack is 2.238 mi (3.602 km) long, with a 180 ft (55 m) elevation change. Its eleven turns are highlighted by the circuit's signature turn, the downhill-plunging "Corkscrew" at Turns 8 and 8A. A variety of racing, exhibition, and entertainment events are held at the raceway, ranging from superkarts to sports car racing to music festivals. Laguna Seca is classified as an FIA Grade Two circuit.

The name Laguna Seca is Spanish for dry lake:  the area where the track now lies was once a lake, and the course was built around the dry lake bed. After the course was reconfigured, two artificial ponds were added.
Psychiatry List (political party)
The Psychiatry List is a Danish regional political party for the Central Denmark Region. It was founded to stand in the 2017 Central Denmark Regional Election, with focus on improvement for personnel and patients in the Danish psychiatry.

It won a seat in 2017 with 2.9% of the vote. The party would continue to be represented in the regional council until Peter Møller Andersen who was the party's member at the time, having taken over from Mikkel Rasmussen earlier in the term, switched his party affiliation to the Social Democrats.

It would stand again in the 2021 Central Denmark Regional Election, and would once again win a seat despite decreasing their vote share to 1.9%.

Rose-Marie Mollerup, who was elected in the 2021 election, still represents the party in the regional council of the Central Denmark Region.

2017 Danish local elections
Local elections were held on 21 November 2017 for Denmark's 98 municipal councils and five regional councils. All 2,432 seats were contested for the 2018–21 term of office, together with 205 seats (a fixed number of 41 seats in each council) in five regional councils. In the previous election, there were 2,444 seats in the municipal councils.
Copper Sky
Copper Sky is a 1957 American Western film directed by Charles Marquis Warren and written by Eric Norden. The film stars Jeff Morrow, Coleen Gray, Strother Martin, Paul Brinegar, John Pickard and Patrick O'Moore. The film was released in September 1957, by 20th Century Fox.

Charles Marquis Warren
Charles Marquis Warren (December 16, 1912 – August 11, 1990) was an American motion picture and television writer, producer, and director who specialized in Westerns. Among his notable career achievements were his involvement in creating the television series Rawhide and his work in adapting the radio series Gunsmoke for television.
Souzana Antonakaki
Suzana Antonakaki (Greek: Σουζάνα Αντωνακάκη; 25 June 1935 – 5 July 2020) was a Greek architect.

Souzana (often written as Suzana in English) Maria Kolokytha was born in 1935 in Athens and studied at the School of Architecture of the National Technical University of Athens from 1954 to 1959. She and her husband, Dimitris Antonakakis (born 22 December 1933), along with Eleni Gousi-Desylla, founded Atelier 66 in 1965 in Athens, often associated with the architectural movement called "critical regionalism". She was a member of the French Academy of Architecture (Academie d 'Architecture) and the National Secretariat of the UIA. Antonakaki was invited by Herman Hertzberger to teach at the 1987 International Design Seminar of TU Delft's School of Architecture and at the University of Split in 1988.

Suzana Maria Antonakaki died on 5 July 2020, in Athens, aged 85.

University of Split
The University of Split (Croatian: Sveučilište u Splitu, Latin: Universitas Studiorum Spalatensis) is a university located in Split, Croatia. It was founded in 1974. and is organized in 13 faculties and 124 faculty programmes. As of 2009, a total of approximately 40,000 students have graduated, and a total of 337 doctoral degrees have been awarded.

University of Split is a member of EUA - European University Association.