hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wolfgang Müller (sprinter)
Wolfgang Müller (born 26 January 1943) is a German sprinter. He competed in the men's 400 metres at the 1968 Summer Olympics representing East Germany. Müller won bronze in the men's 400 metres at the 1972 European Athletics Indoor Championships, and was a three-time East German champion in the event. In 1972, he also set a world record in the 500 metres.

Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres
The men's 400 metres was an event at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. The competition was held between 16–18 of October. Times are listed as both hand timing and automatic timing.  Hand timing was the official time used in the 1968 Olympics. Fifty-five athletes from 36 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Lee Evans of the United States, the fourth consecutive and 11th overall title in the event by an American. The Americans swept the podium, the second time a podium sweep occurred in the men's 400 metres (the United States had previously done it in 1904, when the nation had 10 of the 12 competitors).
Jūbako
Jūbako (重箱; lit. "tiered boxes") are tiered boxes used to hold and present food in Japan. The boxes are often used to hold osechi, foods traditional to the Japanese New Year, or to hold takeaway lunches, or bento.

A sagejū (提重, lit. "portable jūbako") or sagejūbako (提げ重箱), is a picnic set of jūbako in a carrier with handle.

There is also jikirō (食籠, lit. "food basket"), a kind of chinese styled bowl, some stackable like jūbako.

Japanese New Year
The Japanese New Year (正月, Shōgatsu) is an annual festival that takes place in Japan. Since 1873, the official Japanese New Year has been celebrated according to the Gregorian calendar, on January 1 of each year, New Year's Day (元日, Ganjitsu). Prior to 1872, traditional events of the Japanese New Year were celebrated on the first day of the year on the modern Tenpō calendar, the last official lunisolar calendar.
Willie Hubert
William Henry Hubert (January 19, 1913 – May 19, 2000), nicknamed "Bubber", was an American Negro league pitcher between 1939 and 1946.

A native of Ocala, Florida, Hubert made his Negro leagues debut in 1939 with the Newark Eagles. In 1940, he and Ross Davis tossed a combined no-hitter for the Baltimore Elite Giants against Newark. In 1944, Hubert played for the Homestead Grays during the team's 1944 Negro World Series championship season. After his Negro leagues career, he played minor league baseball for the Farnham Pirates of the Provincial League in 1948. Hubert died in Bronx, New York in 2000 at age 87.

1944 Negro World Series
In the 1944 Negro World Series, the Washington Homestead Grays, champions of the Negro National League were matched against the Birmingham Black Barons, champions of the Negro American League, for the second year in a row. The Grays won the series again, four games to one.
Griffin P. Rodgers
Griffin P. Rodgers is the director of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, one of the 27 institutes that make up the United States National Institutes of Health. He is also the Chief of the institute's Molecular and Clinical Hematology Branch and is known for contributions to research and therapy for sickle cell anemia.

Hematology
Hematology (spelled haematology in British English) is the branch of medicine concerned with the study of the cause, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood. It involves treating diseases that affect the production of blood and its components, such as blood cells, hemoglobin, blood proteins, bone marrow, platelets, blood vessels, spleen, and the mechanism of coagulation. Such diseases might include hemophilia, sickle cell anemia, blood clots (thrombus), other bleeding disorders, and blood cancers such as leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma. The laboratory analysis of blood is frequently performed by a medical technologist or medical laboratory scientist.
Hagai Shaham
Hagai Shaham (Hebrew: חגי שחם; born July 8, 1966) is an Israeli violin virtuoso. He began studying the violin at the age of six and was the last student of the late Professor Ilona Feher. He is also a violin teacher, a professor at the Buchmann-Mehta School of Music (formerly the Samuel Rubin Israel Academy of Music), in the Faculty of Arts at Tel Aviv University, and an artist-in-residence at Stony Brook University.

Virtuoso
A virtuoso (from Italian virtuoso, Italian: [virˈtwoːzo] or Italian: [virtuˈoːso]; Late Latin virtuosus; Latin virtus; 'virtue', 'excellence' or 'skill') is an individual who possesses outstanding talent and technical ability in a particular art or field such as fine arts, music, singing, playing a musical instrument, or composition.
2019 Open Harmonie mutuelle – Doubles
Sander Arends and Tristan-Samuel Weissborn were the defending champions but lost in the semifinals to Jonathan Eysseric and Antonio Šančić.

Jonathan Erlich and Fabrice Martin won the title after defeating Eysseric and Šančić 7–6(7–2), 7–6(7–2) in the final.

Fabrice Martin
Fabrice Martin (French pronunciation: [fabʁis maʁtɛ̃]; born 11 September 1986) is a French professional tennis player and coach. He reached a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 228 on 23 July 2012, and his highest ATP doubles ranking of world No. 19 on 24 April 2023.
Gorsgoch
Gorsgoch (Welsh pronunciationⓘ) is a small rural village located on the B4338 road near Lampeter in the county of Ceredigion, Wales. The town of Lampeter is 7 miles away and the town of New Quay is 15 miles away

"Cors" (mutated to Gors) is Welsh for "marsh" or "bog", and "goch" is the mutated form of "coch" meaning "red": so the name literally translated means "Red Bog". This upland bog is located alongside the main road that leads through the village.

The village is developing at a fast rate. New houses are being constructed and there are planning applications for more. Gorsgoch has a pub, Cefn-Hafod. The garages have been closed along with the school years ago. There is also a village hall that has been closed a few years; however, it is being refurbished.

The village is served by the 617 bus, from Lampeter to Rhydowen, via Llanybydder, Gorsgoch, and Talgarreg which runs once every Tuesday.

Consonant mutation
Consonant mutation is change in a consonant in a word according to its morphological or syntactic environment.

Mutation occurs in languages around the world. A prototypical example of consonant mutation is the initial consonant mutation of all modern Celtic languages. Initial consonant mutation is also found in Indonesian or Malay, in Nivkh, in Southern Paiute and in several West African languages such as Fula. The Nilotic language Dholuo, spoken in Kenya, shows mutation of stem-final consonants, as does English to a small extent. Mutation of initial, medial and final consonants is found in Modern Hebrew. Also, Japanese exhibits word medial consonant mutation involving voicing, rendaku, in many compounds. Uralic languages like Finnish show consonant gradation, a type of consonant mutation.
Stanback
Stanback is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anne Stanback (born 1958), American activist

Harry Stanback (born 1958), American football player

Haskel Stanback (born 1952), American football player

Isaiah Stanback (born 1984), American football player

Israel Pinkney Stanback (1908–1985), American businessman and philanthropist from South Carolina, who the I. P. Stanback Museum is named for

Isaiah Stanback
Isaiah Ramon Stanback (born August 16, 1984) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football as a quarterback for the Washington Huskies. He was selected by the Dallas Cowboys in the fourth round of the 2007 NFL draft. He played in the NFL for the Cowboys, New England Patriots, and Jacksonville Jaguars.
Jakup Asipi
Mulla Jakup Asipi (2 February 1951 – 7 January 2006) was a Macedonian Albanian mullah and commander of the National Liberation Army. He was one of the most important religious personalities among the Albanian Muslims. His multimedia appearance in the last 25 years, especially after the 1990s, has directly influenced the awareness of the Karadak region, both in terms of the Islamic religious and the national and patriotic aspects.

Skopska Crna Gora
Skopska Crna Gora or Karadak Mountains (Macedonian and Serbian: Скопска Црна Гора, pronounced [skôpskaː tsr̩̂ːnaː ɡǒra]; Albanian: Malësia e Karadakut), often called simply Crna Gora (Macedonian and Serbian: Црна Гора; Albanian: Mali i Zi), is a mountain range and ethnographic region in North Macedonia, Kosovo and Serbia. The highest peak is Ramno 1,651 m (5,417 ft) in Macedonia. The largest town on the mountain is Kučevište in North Macedonia.
Gelechia nigra
Gelechia nigra, the black groundling, is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Adrian Hardy Haworth in 1828. It is found in most of Europe, except Ireland, the Iberian Peninsula and most of the Balkan Peninsula. The habitat consists of woodlands and river banks.

The wingspan is 16–20 mm. Adult are on wing from June to July.

The larvae feed on Populus tremula, Populus alba and Populus canescens, as well as on Salix species.

Populus × canescens
Populus × canescens, the grey poplar, is a hybrid between Populus alba (white poplar) and P. tremula (common aspen). It is intermediate between its parents, with a thin grey downy coating on the leaves, which are much less deeply lobed than the leaves of P. alba. It is a very vigorous tree with marked hybrid vigour, reaching 40 metres (130 feet) tall and with a trunk diameter over 1.5 m (5 ft) – much larger than either of its parents. Most trees in cultivation are male, but female trees occur naturally and some of these are also propagated.
Lucius Aurelius Orestes (consul 157 BC)
Lucius Aurelius Orestes (Latin, Lucius Aurelius L. f. L. n. Orestes) was a magistrate and consul in the service of the Roman Republic. He was consul in the year 157 BC together with Sextus Julius Caesar. He was further mentioned in the Roman Fasti and by Gaius Plinius Secundus in his work Historia Naturalis.

Fasti
In ancient Rome, the fasti (Latin plural) were chronological or calendar-based lists, or other diachronic records or plans of official and religiously sanctioned events. After Rome's decline, the word fasti continued to be used for similar records in Christian Europe and later Western culture.

Public business, including the official business of the Roman state, had to be transacted on dies fasti, "allowed days". The fasti were the records of this business. In addition to the word's general sense, there were fasti that recorded specific kinds of events, such as the fasti triumphales, lists of triumphs celebrated by Roman generals. The divisions of time used in the fasti were based on the Roman calendar.

The yearly records of the fasti encouraged the writing of history in the form of chronological annales, "annals", which in turn influenced the development of Roman historiography.
Jennifer Pawlik
Jennifer Pawlik is an American politician and a Democratic former member of the Arizona House of Representatives representing District 13 from 2023 to 2025. She previously represented District 17 from 2019 to 2023. Pawlik was elected in 2018 to succeed retiring State Representative J. D. Mesnard, who instead ran for State Senate. Pawlik defeated Mesnard's mother, Nora Ellen, in the general election on November 6, 2018.

Pawlik graduated from Northern Arizona University, and was a teacher in the Chandler Unified School District prior to being elected to the state legislature.

Chandler Unified School District
Chandler Unified School District serves most of the city of Chandler, Arizona, as well as portions of Gilbert and Queen Creek. The district serves over 43,000 students, making it the 2nd largest school district in Arizona.

Some parts of Chandler, such as those west of Arizona State Route 101 are not part of Chandler Unified School District (these parts are served by Kyrene School District and Tempe Union High School District). Additionally, some parts of Chandler near the Mesa border are served by Mesa Public Schools.
St. Mark's Episcopal Church (Cocoa, Florida)
St. Mark's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cocoa, Brevard County, Florida, in the Episcopal Diocese of Central Florida. It is noted for its historic church building located at 4 Church Street, built circa 1886. A parochial school, St. Mark's Episcopal Academy, was begun by the church in 1956.

Parochial school
A parochial school is a private primary or secondary school affiliated with a religious organization, and whose curriculum includes general religious education in addition to secular subjects, such as science, mathematics and language arts. The word parochial comes from the same root as "parish", and parochial schools were originally the educational wing of the local parish church. Christian parochial schools are called "church schools" or "Christian schools."

In addition to schools run by Christian organizations, there are also religious schools affiliated with Jewish, Muslim, and other groups; however, these are not usually called "parochial" because of the term's historical association with Christian parishes.
Dito Tsintsadze
Dito Tsintsadze (Georgian: დიტო ცინცაძე; born 2 March 1957) is a Georgian film director and screenwriter. He has directed thirteen films since 1988. His film Lost Killers was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2000 Cannes Film Festival. In 2007 he was a member of the jury at the 29th Moscow International Film Festival. Starting from the year 1996 he lives and works in Berlin.

Locarno Film Festival
The Locarno International Film Festival is a major international film festival held annually in Locarno, Switzerland. Founded in 1946, the festival screens films in various competitive and non-competitive sections, including feature-length narrative, documentary, short, avant-garde, and retrospective programs. The Piazza Grande section is held in an open-air venue that seats 8,000 spectators.

The top prize of the festival is the Golden Leopard, awarded to the best film in the International Competition. Other awards include the Leopard of Honour for career achievement, and the Prix du Public, the public choice award.
Goodbye and Good Luck (song)
"Goodbye and Good Luck" is the second single by Japanese rock band the Brilliant Green. It was released by Sony Music Records on December 1, 1997, and reissued by Defstar Records on October 1, 2000. This single was never released on a studio album. It peaked at #71 on the Oricon Singles Chart.

In 2008, the song was included on the B-side of the band's single "Ash Like Snow" and on their compilation album Complete Single Collection '97–'08.

The Brilliant Green
The Brilliant Green (Japanese: ザ・ブリリアント・グリーン, Hepburn: Za Buririanto Gurīn) is a Japanese rock band from Kyoto formed in 1995. They were signed to Sony Music Records. Their major debut single under Sony, "Bye Bye Mr. Mug", was released in 1997. Their contract with Sony ended in 2008, and on December 1, 2009, the band announced that it had signed with Warner Music Japan.
Pietro Matteo d'Aquino
Pietro Matteo d'Aquino (died 1511) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Lecce (1508–1511) and Bishop of Gravina di Puglia (1482–1508).

In 1482, Pietro Matteo d'Aquino was appointed during the papacy of Pope Sixtus IV as Bishop of Gravina di Puglia.
On 18 February 1508, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Julius II as Bishop of Lecce.
He served as Bishop of Lecce until his death in 1511.

Pope Sixtus IV
Pope Sixtus IV (or Xystus IV, Italian: Sisto IV; born Francesco della Rovere; (21 July 1414 – 12 August 1484) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 August 1471 until his death in 1484. His accomplishments as pope included the construction of the Sistine Chapel and the creation of the Vatican Library. A patron of the arts, he brought together the group of artists who ushered the early Renaissance into Rome with the first masterpieces of the city's new artistic age.

Sixtus created the Spanish Inquisition through the Papal bull Exigit Sinceræ Devotionis (1478), and annulled the Pontifical decrees of the Council of Constance. He was noted for his nepotism and was personally involved in the infamous Pazzi conspiracy, a plot to remove the Medici family from power in Florence.
Höstkväll
"Höstkväll" (literal English translation: "Autumn Evening"), Op. 38/1, is an art song for vocal soloist  (typically soprano) and piano written in 1903 by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius. The piece, which is a setting of the eponymous poem by the Swedish poet Viktor Rydberg, premiered on 12 September 1903 at the Finnish National Theatre in Helsinki, with the Finnish soprano Aino Ackté as soloist accompanied by the Finnish composer Oskar Merikanto on piano.

In 1904, Sibelius arranged "Höstkväll" for voice and orchestra—along with its catalogue mates, "På verandan vid havet" ("On a Balcony by the Sea", Op. 38/2) and "I natten" ("In the Night", Op. 38/3). This version of the song received its first performance on 14 January 1905 in Paris, with Alfred Cortot conducting; the soloist was the American soprano Minnie Tracey.

Viktor Rydberg
Abraham Viktor Rydberg (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɑ̂ːbraham ˈvɪ̌kːtɔr ˈrŷːdbærj]; 18 December 1828 – 21 September 1895) was a Swedish writer and a member of the Swedish Academy, 1877–1895. "Primarily a classical idealist", Viktor Rydberg has been described as "Sweden's last Romantic" and by 1859 was "generally regarded in the first rank of Swedish novelists."
Mississippi State Senate
The Mississippi State Senate is the upper house of the Mississippi Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The Senate, along with the lower Mississippi House of Representatives, convenes at the Mississippi State Capitol in Jackson. The Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi serves as President of the Senate.

The Senate is composed of 52 senators representing an equal number of constituent districts, with 56,947 people per district (2020 census). In the current legislative session, the Republican Party holds 34 seats while the Democratic Party holds 18 seats, creating a Republican trifecta in the state government.

The Senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions, and boards and can create and amend bills.

Upper house
An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller and often has more restricted power than the lower house. A legislature composed of only one house (and which therefore has neither an upper house nor a lower house) is described as unicameral.
Bob LeVitus
Bob LeVitus (born April 4, 1955 in Chicago, and also known as Dr. Macintosh) is an American author of more than 75 computer-related books, particularly on the Apple Macintosh, iPhone, and iPad for the book series ...For Dummies. He worked as a columnist for the Houston Chronicle since 1996 and for The Mac Observer since 2001, until his retirement from both outlets in 2022. In 2001, Macworld magazine described him as "a well-known columnist and speaker in the Mac world".

For Dummies
For Dummies is an extensive series of instructional reference books that aim to present non-intimidating guides for readers new to the various topics covered. The series has been a worldwide success, with editions in numerous languages.

The books are an example of a media franchise, consistently sporting a distinctive cover—usually yellow and black with a triangular-headed cartoon figure known as the "Dummies Man", and an informal, blackboard-style logo. Prose is simple and direct. Bold icons—such as a piece of string tied around an index finger—indicate particularly important passages.
Claveria
Claveria is the name of three municipalities in the Philippines named after Narciso Clavería, the Spanish Governor-General of the country from 1844 to 1849.

Claveria, Cagayan

Claveria, Masbate

Claveria, Misamis Oriental

Claveria, Cagayan
Claveria, officially the Municipality of Claveria (Ibanag: Ili nat Claveria; Ilocano: Ili ti Claveria; Tagalog: Bayan ng Claveria), is a municipality in the province of Cagayan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 32,997 people.
Outlying territory
An outlying territory or separate area is a state territory geographically separated from  its parent territory and lies beyond Exclusive Economic Zone of its parent territory.

The tables below are lists of outlying territories which are marked by distinct, non-contiguous maritime boundaries or land boundaries:

Territory
A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, belonging or connected to a particular country, person, or animal.

In international politics, a territory is usually a geographic area which has not been granted the powers of self-government, i.e. an area that is under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state.

As a subdivision, a territory in most countries is an organized division of an area that is controlled by a country but is not formally developed into, or incorporated into, a political unit of that country, which political units are of equal status to one another and are often referred to by words such as "provinces", "regions", or "states". In its narrower sense, it is "a geographic region, such as a colonial possession, that is dependent on an external government."
Sidi-Hamed massacre
The Sidi-Hamed massacre took place on the night of January 11, 1998 (the last day of Ramadan), in the town of Sidi-Hamed (or Sidi-Hammad), 30 km south of Algiers. An estimated fifty gunmen participated, attacking children and adults; they bombed a café where films were being watched and a mosque in nearby Haouche Sahraoui, killing those who fled, and entered houses to kill those within. According to official figures, 103 people were killed and 70 injured, including two pro-government fighters and five of the attackers. Other sources indicate a higher toll; AFP supposedly counted over 120 corpses, and some Algerian newspapers claimed 400. Thirty girls were reportedly kidnapped. The massacre was generally blamed on the Armed Islamic Group of Algeria (GIA). One newspaper claimed that survivors blamed it on the Islamic Salvation Front (AIS).

Massacre
A massacre is an event of killing defenseless human beings or other animals. It is generally used to describe a targeted mass killing of civilians by an armed group. It can also be used figuratively to refer to a one-sided exchange between armed groups. The word is a loan of a French term for "butchery" or "carnage". Other terms with overlapping scope include war crime, pogrom, mass killing, mass murder, and extrajudicial killing.
Masahiko Morino
Masahiko Morino (森野 将彦, Morino Masahiko; born July 28, 1978 in Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture) is a former Japanese professional baseball infielder for the Chunichi Dragons in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball. He also played for Team Japan at the 2008 Olympics.

Morino retired in 2017 and served as the Dragons' second team batting coach until the end of the 2019 season.

Chunichi Dragons
The Chunichi Dragons (中日ドラゴンズ, Chūnichi Doragonzu) are a professional baseball team based in Nagoya, the chief city in the Chūbu region of Japan. The team plays in the Central League of Nippon Professional Baseball. They have won the Central League pennant nine times (most recently in 2011) and the Japan Series twice (in 1954 and 2007). They were also champions in the 2007 Asia Series.