hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clan Urquhart
Urquhart (/ˈɜːr.kərt/ ⓘ, UR-kərt) is a Highland Scottish clan. The clan dates to the 13th–century and is most associated with the area of Cromarty. In modern times, there are two parishes in Scotland named Urquhart, one in Elgin and one on the Black Isle. There is also most famously Urquhart Castle, by Glen Urquhart and on the banks of Loch Ness, which takes its name from the old barony of Urquhart.

Cromarty
Cromarty ( /ˈkrɒmərti/ ⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Cromba, IPA: [ˈkʰɾɔumpə]) is a town, civil parish and former royal burgh in Ross and Cromarty, in the Highland area of Scotland. Situated at the tip of the Black Isle on the southern shore of the mouth of Cromarty Firth, it is 5 miles (8 km) seaward from Invergordon on the opposite coast. In the 2022 census, it had a population of 672.
Lefty James
William A. "Lefty" James (July 1, 1889 – May 3, 1933) was an American left handed Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher who played for the Cleveland Naps from 1912 to 1914.  He also played 12 seasons in the minor leagues, playing for the Toledo Mud Hens, Cleveland Bearcats, Cleveland Spiders, Louisville Colonels, San Antonio Broncos, Portland Beavers, Beaumont Exporters, New Orleans Pelicans, Atlanta Crackers, Chattanooga Lookouts, and Mobile Bears.

James was born, and died, in Glen Roy, Ohio, and is buried at Ridgewood Cemetery in nearby Wellston.

Beaumont Exporters
The Beaumont Exporters was the predominant name of a minor league baseball team located in Beaumont, Texas that played between 1920 and 1957 in the Texas League and the Big State League. Beaumont rejoined the Class AA Texas League (1983-1986) and evolved into today's Northwest Arkansas Naturals.

Baseball Hall of Fame inductees Hank Greenberg (1931-1932),  Whitey Herzog (1952), Carl Hubbell (1928), and Hal Newhouser (1939) played for the Exporters and Rogers Hornsby was the Manager in 1950.
Wilson's Pits
Wilson's Pits is a 32 hectare nature reserve west of Higham Ferrers in Northamptonshire. It is managed by the Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Northamptonshire. It is part of the Upper Nene Valley Gravel Pits Site of Special Scientific Interest, Ramsar internationally important wetland site and Special Protection Area under the EC Birds Directive.

This site has three lakes in former gravel pits, and it also has areas of grassland and scrub. There are diverse bird species, and flora such as ragged-robin, brooklime, common spotted orchid and creeping jenny. Dragonflies include the brown hawker and black-tailed skimmer.

There is access from the Nene Way long distance footpath, but as of March 2017 it is closed while works are carried out to widen an adjacent roundabout.

Special Protection Area
A special protection area (SPA) is a designation under the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds. Under the Directive, Member States of the European Union (EU) have a duty to safeguard the habitats of migratory birds and certain particularly threatened birds. Together with special areas of conservation (SACs), the SPAs form a network of protected sites across the EU, called Natura 2000. Each SPA has an EU code – for example the North Norfolk Coast SPA has the code UK9009031.
3,5-Dimethylpyrazole
3,5-Dimethylpyrazole is an organic compound with the formula (CH3C)2CHN2H. It is one of several isomeric derivatives of pyrazole that contain two methyl substituents.  The compound is unsymmetrical but the corresponding conjugate acid (pyrazolium) and conjugate base (pyrazolide) have C2v symmetry. It is a white solid that dissolves well in polar organic solvents.

It is a precursor to a variety of ligands that are widely studied in coordination chemistry including trispyrazolylborate, a trispyrazolylmethane, and a pyrazolyldiphosphine.

Condensation of acetylacetone and hydrazine gives 3,5-dimethylpyrazole:

CH3C(O)CH2C(O)CH3   +   N2H4   →   (CH3C)2CHN2H   +   2 H2O

It has found use as a blocking agent for isocyanates.

Coordination complex
A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.  Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes.
E. Albert Reilly
Edward Albert Reilly (July 4, 1868 – October 22, 1943) was a lawyer and political figure in New Brunswick. He represented the City of Moncton in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1924 to 1935 as a Conservative member.

He was born in Melrose, New Brunswick, the son of Patrick and Mary Reilly, both of Irish descent, and was educated at St. Joseph's College in Memramcook. Reilly was alderman for Moncton from 1908 to 1909 and mayor from 1910 to 1911. He also served as president of the Moncton Board of Trade. Reilly was first elected to the provincial assembly in a 1924 by-election held after Clifford William Robinson was named to the Canadian senate.

Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick
The Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick is a centre-right conservative political party in the Canadian province of New Brunswick. The party has its origins in the pre-Canadian Confederation Conservative Party that opposed the granting of responsible government to the colony. It has historically followed the Red Tory tradition. From the 2010s, the party underwent a shift to Blue Toryism after the election of Blaine Higgs as leader, who was premier from 2018 to 2024.
Lombardy (historical region)
Lombardy (Lombard: Lombardia), also called Historical Lombardy (Lombardia storega) or Greater Lombardy (Granda Lombardia), is a name referring to the territory, larger than the modern administrative region of Italy, which culturally, linguistically and politically has been historically considered Lombard.

Originally synonymous with Northern Italy, the definition of Lombardy shrank over time: Dante Alighieri, in his De vulgari eloquentia, recognised the autonomy of Romagna and Genoa from Lombardy. Since the 1400s Piedmont became more and more culturally autonomous from the rest of Lombardy, and by the 1600s there was a substantial partition between Lombardy and Piedmont, the latter being ruled by the House of Savoy.

The ancient concept of Lombardy has kept surfacing in a few placenames until the modern era, e.g. Massa Lombarda (in Romagna) or Reggio di Lombardia (in Emilia, known as Reggio nell'Emilia since the unification of Italy).

Massa Lombarda
Massa Lombarda (Romagnol: La Mása) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ravenna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Bologna and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Ravenna.
Arthur Robinson (cricketer, born 1855)
Arthur Robinson (22 June 1855 – 24 February 1913) was an English cricketer. He played three matches for Gloucestershire in 1878. He was the son of Elisha Smith Robinson and the father of Douglas Robinson. He joined E. S. & A. Robinson in 1874 and with his brother Edward steered it towards becoming a limited company. His priority was always the business over County Cricket. In 1874 he made a substantial donation to Marlborough College to enable the building of the cricket pavilion. He was the President of the Grateful Society in 1893.

Marlborough College
Marlborough College is a public school (English private boarding school) for pupils aged 13 to 18 in Marlborough, Wiltshire, England. It was founded as Marlborough School in 1843 by the Dean of Manchester, George Hull Bowers, for the education of the sons of Church of England clergy. It now adopts a co-educational model. In 2023 there were around 1000 pupils, approximately 45% of whom were female.

In 2024, the school was included in The Schools Index as one of the 150 best private schools in the world and among the top 30 senior schools in the UK. Fees for boarding pupils in 2024/2025 are £50,985 per year.
Hush-Hush (Be:First and Ateez song)
"Hush-Hush" is a song by Japanese boy band Be First and South Korean boy band Ateez, released on July 1, 2024 as the fourth single from the former's second studio album 2:Be (2025). A remix with Japanese DJ Taku Takahashi was released on July 5, 2024.

Taku Takahashi
Taku Takahashi (高橋 拓, Takahashi Taku; born 29 March 1974; stylized as ☆Taku Takahashi) is a Japanese DJ and record producer who debuted in 1997 as a producer of the hip hop group M-Flo. The group rose to prominence in the early 2000s, with hit singles such as "How You Like Me Now?" and "Come Again." Takahashi was also a member of Avex's 20th anniversary dance music project Ravex, and has produced songs for musicians such as Crystal Kay, Ami Suzuki and Rie Fu, and remixes for Hikaru Utada and Ayumi Hamasaki. He formed the record labels Tachytelic Records and TCY Recording.

Taku Takahashi has occasionally rapped in his songs, such as on M-Flo's songs "Get On!" and "The Rhyme Brokers," and occasionally sung vocals ("I Wanna Be Down," "Love Long and Prosper", "Toxic Sweet").
Jonas Gelžinis
Jonas Gelžinis (born 2 March 1988) is a Lithuanian racing driver. J.Gelžinis won Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain Pro-Am1 class champion title in 2011. From 2012 he raced in Pro class and finished runner up in 2013. He is also a record ten-time winner of the Palanga 1000km Challenge. He was selected for FIA 2012 Young Driver Excellence Academy. Only 18 young talented drivers were selected from around the world. Moreover, Jonas was also selected for 2013 PORSCHE INTERNATIONAL CUP SCHOLARSHIP shootout. Together with Earl Bamber, Johan Kristoffersson and other top drivers from Porsche Carrera Cups. His younger brother Ignas Gelžinis is also racing driver.

Snetterton Circuit
Snetterton Circuit is a motor racing course in Norfolk, England, originally opened in 1953. Owned by Jonathan Palmer's MotorSport Vision organisation since 2004, it is situated on the A11 road 12-mile (19 km) north-east of the town of Thetford and 19-mile (31 km) south-west of the city of Norwich. The circuit is named after the nearby village of Snetterton to the north-west of the circuit, although much of the circuit lies in the adjoining civil parish of Quidenham.

The circuit hosts races from series including the British Touring Car Championship, British Formula Three Championship and British Superbike Championship. From 1980 to 1994, the track hosted the UK's first 24-hour race, the Willhire 24 Hour. From 2003 to 2013 the Citroën 2CV 24 Hour Race was held at Snetterton on the 200 Circuit. After a short stint racing at Anglesey the 2CV 24Hr race has again returned to Snetterton and is usually held around the August bank holiday weekend.
Whitehead manifold
In mathematics, the Whitehead manifold is an open 3-manifold that is contractible, but not homeomorphic to  It was discovered by J. H. C. Whitehead (1935) while trying to prove the Poincaré conjecture, correcting an error in an earlier paper Whitehead (1934, theorem 3) where he incorrectly claimed that no such manifold exists.

A contractible manifold is one that can continuously be shrunk to a point inside the manifold itself. For example, an open ball is a contractible manifold. All manifolds homeomorphic to the ball are contractible, too. One can ask whether all contractible manifolds are homeomorphic to a ball. For dimensions 1 and 2, the answer is classical and it is "yes". In dimension 2, it follows, for example, from the Riemann mapping theorem. Dimension 3 presents the first counterexample: the Whitehead manifold.

Ball (mathematics)
In mathematics, a ball is the solid figure bounded by a sphere; it is also called a solid sphere. It may be a closed ball (including the boundary points that constitute the sphere) or an open ball (excluding them).

These concepts are defined not only in three-dimensional Euclidean space but also for lower and higher dimensions, and for metric spaces in general. A ball in n dimensions is called a hyperball or n-ball and is bounded by a hypersphere or (n−1)-sphere. Thus, for example, a ball in the Euclidean plane is the same thing as a disk, the planar region bounded by a circle. In Euclidean 3-space, a ball is taken to be the region of space bounded by a 2-dimensional sphere. In a one-dimensional space, a ball is a line segment.

In other contexts, such as in Euclidean geometry and informal use, sphere is sometimes used to mean ball. In the field of topology the closed -dimensional ball is often denoted as  or  while the open -dimensional ball is  or .
Zymosan
Zymosan is a beta-glucan with repeating glucose units connected by β-1,3-glycosidic linkages. It binds to TLR 2 and Dectin-1 (CLEC7A). Zymosan is a ligand found on the surface of fungi, like yeast.

Zymosan is prepared from yeast cell walls and consists of protein-carbohydrate complexes. It is used to induce experimental sterile inflammation. In macrophages, zymosan-induced responses include the induction of proinflammatory cytokines, arachidonate mobilization, protein phosphorylation, and inositol phosphate formation. Zymosan A also raises cyclin D2 levels, suggesting a role for the latter in macrophage activation besides proliferation. It potentiates acute liver damage after galactosamine injection, suggesting that certain types of nonparenchymal cells other than Kupffer cells are involved in zymosan action.

Kupffer cell
Kupffer cells, also known as stellate macrophages and Kupffer–Browicz cells, are specialized cells localized in the liver within the lumen of the liver sinusoids and are adhesive to their endothelial cells which make up the blood vessel walls. Kupffer cells comprise the largest population of tissue-resident macrophages in the body. Gut bacteria,  bacterial endotoxins, and microbial debris transported to the liver from the gastrointestinal tract via the portal vein will first come in contact with Kupffer cells, the first immune cells in the liver. It is because of this that any change to Kupffer cell functions can be connected to various liver diseases such as alcoholic liver disease, viral hepatitis, intrahepatic cholestasis, steatohepatitis, activation or rejection of the liver during liver transplantation and liver fibrosis. They form part of the mononuclear phagocyte system.
James Casey (poet-priest)
James Kevin Casey (1824–1909) was an Irish priest in Ballygar and Athleague and principal of St John's seminary in Sligo.  He composed many didactic poems which were popular and published in collections.  Their subjects included materialism, devotion, the Irish language and, most especially, temperance.  An example is a verse of The Toper and his Bottle,

I curse the day I met you, John,I curse the luckless hourI tasted first your flavoured cup,And felt its magic power.

Casey was an inspiration for the "Poet of the Pick", Jem Casey, a character in Flann O'Brien's satirical novel At Swim-Two-Birds.  Jem Casey was a labourer who wrote "pomes" such as The Workman's Friend,

When money's tight and is hard to getAnd your horse has also ran,When all you have is a heap of debt – A PINT OF PLAIN IS YOUR ONLY MAN.

Materialism
In philosophy and metaphysics, materialism is a form of monism holding that matter is the fundamental substance of nature, so that all things, including mind and consciousness, arise from material interactions and depend on physical processes, including those of the human brain and nervous system. It contrasts with monistic idealism, which treats consciousness as fundamental, and is related to naturalism, the view that only natural laws and forces operate in the universe, and to physicalism, the view that all that exists is ultimately physical. Physicalism extends materialism by including forms of physicality beyond ordinary matter (e.g. spacetime, energy, forces, exotic matter), and some use the terms interchangeably.

Alternative philosophies opposed or alternative to materialism or physicalism include idealism, pluralism, dualism, solipsism, panpsychism, and other forms of monism.
Kokowääh
Kokowääh is a 2011 German film directed by Til Schweiger. It was released in German-speaking countries (Germany, Austria, South Tyrol and Switzerland) on 3 February 2011. The film stars Til Schweiger, his daughter Emma Schweiger, Jasmin Gerat and Samuel Finzi. Another of Schweiger's daughters, Luna Schweiger, makes a small appearance in the film. Kokowääh is an onomatopoetic depiction of the French pronunciation of coq au vin. A sequel, Kokowääh 2, was released on 7 February 2013 with Schweiger having returned as director, co-writer and producer.

Onomatopoeia
Onomatopoeia is a type of word, or the process of creating a word, that phonetically imitates, resembles, or suggests a sound that it refers to. Common onomatopoeias in English include animal noises such as oink, meow, roar, and chirp, among various other noise-based verbs and nouns such as beep, simmer, or hiccup. Among the many words that likely began as onomatopoeias but whose original expressive iconicity goes unrecognized by modern speakers, examples include fanfare, pigeon, and cough.

Onomatopoeia tends to differ by language: it conforms to the broader linguistic system (conforming to its particular phonetic rules. Hence, the sound of a clock may be expressed variously across languages: as tick tock in English, tic tac in Spanish and Italian (see photo),  dī dā in Mandarin, kachi kachi in Japanese, or ṭik-ṭik in Hindi, Urdu, and Bengali.
Orchard Lake (Michigan)
Orchard Lake is a 795-acre lake located in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The lake is within the city of Orchard Lake Village. It has a 110-foot (34 m) maximum depth and a surface elevation of 928-feet (283 m). Orchard Lake is the second-largest lake and third-deepest lake in Oakland County.

The lake has a 35-acre island in the middle of it, Apple Island. The island was frequently inhabited by local Native Americans before the coming of Western settlers, who later planted an apple orchard on the island, giving rise to the current name of the lake. Apple Island is now abandoned and has been designated a protected wildlife sanctuary. Once a year the island is circumnavigated by runners of Team CG across the lake’s frozen surface. Another island, Cedar Island, is near the lake's western shore.

The campus of the old Michigan Military Academy is on the northeast shore of the lake. The campus is now home to SS. Cyril and Methodius Seminary and St. Mary's Preparatory.

SS. Cyril and Methodius Seminary
SS. Cyril and Methodius Seminary was a four-year private Polish seminary in Orchard Lake, Michigan, United States. The seminary, taking its name from Saints Cyril and Methodius, was founded in 1885 in Detroit, Michigan, to prepare candidates for the Roman Catholic priesthood primarily to serve Polish American immigrant communities. It closed in 2022.
Bellechasse (provincial electoral district)
Bellechasse is a provincial electoral riding in the Chaudière-Appalaches region of Quebec, Canada which elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec.  It notably includes a section of the city of Lévis as well as Saint-Henri, Saint-Anselme, Lac-Etchemin, Sainte-Claire, Beaumont, Saint-Charles-de-Bellechasse, Saint-Raphaël and Saint-Gervais.

It was created for the 1867 election, and electoral districts of that name existed even earlier: see Bellechasse (Province of Canada) and Bellechasse (Lower Canada).

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it gained part of the Desjardins borough of the city of Lévis, namely the portion south of Quebec Autoroute 20.

Bellechasse (Province of Canada electoral district)
Bellechasse was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly of the Parliament of the Province of Canada, in Canada East. It was created by the Union Act, 1840 in 1841, based on the previous electoral district of the same name for the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada. It was located in the current Chaudière-Appalaches area.

Bellechasse was represented by one Member at the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada. It was abolished in 1867, upon the creation of Canada and the province of Quebec.
Dimitrios Mastrovasilis
Dimitrios Mastrovasilis (Greek: Δημήτριος Μαστροβασίλης; born 12 June 1983) is a Greek chess grandmaster. He competed in the FIDE World Chess Championship in 2004 and the FIDE World Cup in 2017 and 2023.

Chess World Cup 2023
The Chess World Cup 2023 was a 206-player single-elimination chess tournament that took place in Baku, Azerbaijan, from 30 July to 24 August 2023. It was the 10th edition of the Chess World Cup. The winner, runner-up and third-place finisher of the tournament (Magnus Carlsen, R Praggnanandhaa and Fabiano Caruana) earned the right to the play in the 2024 Candidates Tournament. In January 2024, Carlsen withdrew from the Candidates tournament, with the fourth-place finisher from the World Cup (Nijat Abasov) qualifying in his place. The tournament was held in parallel with the Women's Chess World Cup 2023.

Jan-Krzysztof Duda was the defending champion. He lost in the fifth round (last 16) to Fabiano Caruana.
Samantha Browne
Samantha Browne (born 3 July 1989) is a Barbadian netball player who represents Barbados internationally and plays in the positions of wing attack, centre and wing defense. She competed at the Netball World Cup on four occasions in 2007, 2011, 2015 and 2019. She also represented Barbados at the Commonwealth Games in 2014, which also marked her maiden Commonwealth Games appearance.

Barbados at the Commonwealth Games
Barbados have sent teams to fifteen Commonwealth Games. The first Games at which they competed were in 1954, and the only event since they have not attended was the 1986 Games. They have won fifteen medals, with a twenty-eight-year medal drought between 1970 and 1998.

On 30 November 2021, Barbados became a republic since the removal of Queen Elizabeth II as head of state after 55 years as monarchy.
Adriaen de Vries
Adriaen de Vries (c. 1556 – 1626) was a Northern Mannerist sculptor born in the Netherlands but working in Central Europe, whose international style crossed the threshold to the Baroque; he excelled in refined modelling and bronze casting and in the manipulation of patina and became the most famous European sculptor of his generation. He also excelled in draughtsmanship.

Partly as a result of the disturbances of the Thirty Years' War, and also changes in style, Adriaen de Vries had no direct follower.

Drafter
A drafter (also draughtsman / draughtswoman in British and Commonwealth English, draftsman / draftswoman, drafting technician, or CAD technician in American and Canadian English) is an engineering technician who makes detailed technical drawings or CAD designs for machinery, buildings, electronics, infrastructure, sections, etc. Drafters use computer software and manual sketches to convert the designs, plans, and layouts of engineers and architects into a set of technical drawings. Drafters operate as the supporting developers and sketch engineering designs and drawings from preliminary design concepts.
Naciria
For the Sufi order of Tamegroute, Morocco see Nasiriyya.

Naciria (Arabic الناصرية, Kabyle Leɛzib n Zeɛmum) is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria, between Bordj Menaïel to the north and the mountain of Sidi Ali Bounab to the south. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 21,272.

Sidi Ali Bounab
Sidi Ali Bounab is a mountain in Algeria, about 800 m in height, shared between the wilayas of Tizi Ouzou and Boumerdes.  It overlooks the plain of Tadmaït.  Its forests are composed mainly of cork oak.