hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mooinooi
Mooinooi is a platinum and palladium mining town in the North West province of South Africa, roughly halfway between Brits and Rustenburg.

Formerly a boomtown, the Great Recession caused the town to go bust. Former miners lost their jobs and local services had gone out of business.

Boomtown
A boomtown is a community that undergoes sudden and rapid population and economic growth, or that is started from scratch. The growth is normally attributed to the nearby discovery of a precious resource such as gold, silver, or oil, although the term can also be applied to communities growing very rapidly for different reasons, such as a proximity to a major metropolitan area, large infrastructure projects, or an attractive climate.
Keynes–Ramsey rule
In macroeconomics, the Keynes–Ramsey rule is a necessary condition for the optimality of intertemporal consumption choice. Usually it is expressed as a differential equation relating the rate of change of consumption with interest rates, time preference, and (intertemporal) elasticity of substitution. If derived from a basic Ramsey–Cass–Koopmans model, the Keynes–Ramsey rule may look like

where  is consumption and  its change over time (in Newton notation),  is the discount rate,  is the real interest rate, and  is the (intertemporal) elasticity of substitution.

The Keynes–Ramsey rule is named after Frank P. Ramsey, who derived it in 1928, and his mentor John Maynard Keynes, who provided an economic interpretation.

Mathematically, the Keynes–Ramsey rule is a necessary first-order condition for an optimal control problem, also known as an Euler–Lagrange equation.

Frank P. Ramsey
Frank Plumpton Ramsey (/ˈræmzi/; 22 February 1903 – 19 January 1930) was a British philosopher, mathematician, and economist who made major contributions to all three fields before his death at the age of 26. He was a close friend of Ludwig Wittgenstein and, as an undergraduate, translated Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus into English. He was also influential in persuading Wittgenstein to return to philosophy and Cambridge. Like Wittgenstein, he was a member of the Cambridge Apostles, the secret intellectual society, from 1921.
Castellorizon
"Castellorizon" is the opening track on David Gilmour's third solo album, On an Island. It is an instrumental guitar solo, which starts off with an overture of various sounds from other tracks of the album before the guitar is introduced. The song is based on a night Gilmour spent on the Greek island of Kastellorizo. It segues into "On an Island", the title track. The song received a nomination for Best Rock Instrumental Performance at the 49th Grammy Awards. The song was nominated for the same Grammy Award again at the 51st Grammy Awards for a performance from Gilmour's Live in Gdańsk album.

Overture
Overture (from French ouverture, lit. "opening") is a music instrumental introduction to a ballet, opera, or oratorio in the 17th century. During the early Romantic era, composers such as Beethoven and Mendelssohn composed overtures which were independent, self-existing, instrumental, programmatic works that foreshadowed genres such as the symphonic poem. These were "at first undoubtedly intended to be played at the head of a programme".

The idea of an instrumental opening to opera existed during the 17th century. Peri's Euridice opens with a brief instrumental ritornello, and Monteverdi's L'Orfeo (1607) opens with a toccata, in this case a fanfare for muted trumpets. More important was the prologue, consisting of sung dialogue between allegorical characters which introduced the overarching themes of the stories depicted.
2019 Cork Premier Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 2019 Cork Premier Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 16th staging of the Cork Premier Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 2004. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 15 January 2019. The championship began on 19 April 2019 and ended on 12 October 2019.

On 12 October 2019, Fr. O'Neill's won the championship after a 3-23 to 1-20 defeat of Kilworth in the final at Páirc Uí Rinn. It was their first ever championship title in this grade.

Declan Dalton from the Fr. O'Neill's club was the championship's top scorer with 3-45.

Fermoy GAA
Fermoy GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association based in the town of Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland. The club fields teams in competitions organized by the Cork GAA county board and the Avondhu GAA divisional board. The club plays both Gaelic football and hurling.
Cowboy polo
Cowboy polo is a variation of polo played mostly in the western United States. Like regular polo, it is played in chukkas (periods) with two teams on horses who use mallets to hit a ball through a goal. It differs from traditional polo in that five riders make up a team instead of four, western saddles and equipment are used, and the playing field is usually a simple rodeo arena or other enclosed dirt area, indoors or out. Also, instead of the small ball used in traditional polo, the players use a large red rubber medicine ball and use mallets with long fiberglass shafts and hard rubber heads.

Horse leg protection
Leg wraps and boots are used for the protection of the lower legs of horses during training, shipping, and exercise, as well as for therapeutic and medical purposes to provide support for injuries or coverage of wounds.: 216–221 : 62 : 27  Boots are manufactured as a single unit to be applied to the leg with straps, and wraps are long elastic bandage material wrapped around and around the legs.
Luciano Negrini
Luciano Negrini (22 June 1920 – 12 December 2012) was an Italian rower who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was born in Venice. In 1936 he won the silver medal as coxswain of the Italian boat in the coxed pairs event.

Coxswain (rowing)
In a rowing crew, the coxswain (/ˈkɒksən/ KOK-sən or /ˈkɒksweɪn/ KOK-swayn; colloquially known as the cox or coxie) is a crewmember who does not row but directs the boat. The coxswain sits facing the bow, unlike the rowers, and is responsible for steering the boat and coordinating the power and rhythm of the rowers. The coxswain's role while on the water is similar to that of an assistant coach or team captain, and they are sometimes also called upon to implement the training regimen or race plan.

In most racing, coxswains may be of either sex regardless of the sex of the rowers. Often they are women, since women are more likely to be near the ideal weight of a cox, which is 110 lbs or 120 lbs for USRowing and 55 kg for World Rowing (see Sex, and Weight, below).
2025 Suleja fuel tanker explosion
On 18 January 2025, a fuel tanker carrying roughly 60,000 liters of petrol overturned at the Dikko junction near Suleja, Niger State, northern Nigeria, where after crashing local residents gathered to collect spilled fuel. The fuel promptly caused an explosion which killed over 100 people and injured another 69, including at least 52 critically.

Tank truck
A tank truck, gas truck, fuel truck, or tanker truck (American English) or tanker (British English) is a motor vehicle designed to carry liquids or gases on roads. The largest such vehicles are similar to railroad tank cars, which are also designed to carry liquid loads. Many variants exist due to the wide variety of liquids that can be transported. Tank trucks tend to be large; they may be insulated or non-insulated; pressurized or non-pressurized; and designed for single or multiple loads (often by means of internal divisions in their tank). Some are semi-trailer trucks. They are difficult to drive and highly susceptible to rollover due to their high center of gravity and, when they are partially filled, to the free surface effect of liquid sloshing in the tank.
1988 Transamerica Open
The 1988 Transamerica Open, also known as the Pacific Coast Championships, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Cow Palace in San Francisco, California in the United States. The event was part of the Super Series of the 1988 Nabisco Grand Prix circuit. It was the 100th edition of the tournament and was held from September 26 through October 2, 1988. Unseeded Michael Chang won the singles title and earned $59,500 first-prize money. At age 16 he became the youngest winner of a Grand Prix Super Series event.

Grand Prix Super Series
The Grand Prix Super Series of men's tennis tournaments was part of the Grand Prix and World Championship Tennis tours between 1978 and 1989, sometimes also referred to as the Super Grand Prix. They were held annually throughout the year in Europe, North America, Africa and Asia. These tournaments were the most prestigious and highest level events of the Grand Prix Tour after the majors and year-end championships.

When the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) became the sole governing body of men's tennis in 1990, all of the surviving tournaments of the Grand Prix were absorbed into the new ATP Tour. The nine top events existing at that time are now known as ATP Tour Masters 1000 tournaments.
ABS Aerolight
ABS Aerolight was a French aircraft manufacturer based in Sérignan-du-Comtat. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of powered parachutes and roadable aircraft, in the form of kits for amateur construction and ready-to-fly aircraft for the European Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category.

The company appears to have gone out of business in late 2007 and production ended.

The company produced a line of powered parachutes in the mid-2000s, including the semi-enclosed cockpit ABS Aerolight Legacy and two models of roadable aircraft, the ABS Aerolight ATE and the development ABS Aerolight Navigathor. The ATE and  Navigathor both feature a wedge-shaped boat hull, a parachute wing and off-road four-wheeled landing gear for land use and are powered by a ducted fan in all modes.

Aerospace manufacturer
An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, or spacecraft. Aerospace is a high technology industry.

The aircraft industry is the industry supporting aviation by building aircraft and manufacturing aircraft parts for their maintenance.  This includes aircraft and parts used for civil aviation and military aviation. Most production is done pursuant to type certificates and Defense Standards issued by a government body. This term has been largely subsumed by the more encompassing term: "aerospace industry".
Calothamnus graniticus
Calothamnus graniticus, commonly known as granite claw flower, is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. There are two subspecies, both of which have been classified as "near threatened". It is an erect, rounded shrub with pine-like, dark, grey-green foliage and usually bright red flowers. Calothamnus graniticus subsp. graniticus occurs in the Leeuwin-Naturaliste National Park and is the floral emblem of the nearby city of Busselton. (In 2014 Craven, Edwards and Cowley proposed that the species be renamed Melaleuca granitica.)

Busselton
Busselton (Noongar: Undalup) is a city in the South West region of the state of Western Australia approximately  220 km (140 mi) south-west of Perth. Busselton has a long history as a popular holiday destination for Western Australians; however, the closure of the Busselton Port in 1972 and the contemporaneous establishment of the nearby Margaret River wine region have seen tourism become the dominant source of investment and development, supplemented by services and retail. The city is best known for the Busselton Jetty, the longest wooden jetty in the Southern Hemisphere.
Uzi, Varzaqan
Uzi (Persian: اوزی, also Romanized as Ūzī; also known as Yuzi) is a village in Bakrabad Rural District, in the Central District of Varzaqan County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 161, in 32 families.

On May 19, 2024, Ebrahim Raisi, Hossein Amir-Abdollahian, Malek Rahmati and Mohammad Ali Ale-Hashem were killed near this village after the presidential helicopter crashed in a forested area 2 kilometers south-west of Uzi.

Malek Rahmati
Malek Rahmati (Persian: مالک رحمتی; 1982 – 19 May 2024) was an Iranian politician who served as governor-general of East Azerbaijan province from January 2024 until his death in May 2024. He had previously served as deputy director of the Astan Quds Razavi from 2021 to 2023, and headed the Privatization Organization of Iran from 2023 to 2024.

Rahmati graduated from Imam Sadiq University, and then attained a law degree from Kharazmi University. His father-in-law was Mostafa Seyyed Hashemi, an influential politician in East Azerbaijan province who served in the Islamic Consultative Assembly representing the constituency of Maragheh and Ajabshir for four terms from 1992 to 2008, and subsequently as a deputy at the Execution of Imam Khomeini's Order.
Josip Torbar (scientist)
Josip Torbar (1824–1900) was a Croatian natural scientist, educator and politician.

Torbar was born in Krašić. He was ordained as a Roman Catholic priest in 1849. His scientific works spanned biology, geology, meteorology, and the history of science.

In 1866 Torbar became one of 12 original members of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts, and served as its chairman from 1890 until his death. He was a co-founder and the president of the Croatian Mountaineering Association.

Krašić
Krašić is a village and municipality in central Croatia, located near Jastrebarsko and Ozalj, south of Žumberak and north of Kupa, about 50 km southwest of Zagreb. Krašić comprises an area of about 3.63 km2. In the 2011 census, the total population was 2,640, in the following settlements:

In the 2011 census, the inhabitants were almost all Croats (99.43%).

Krašić is the birthplace of the late Croatian Cardinal Blessed Aloysius Stepinac.
Steve Alvord
Steven Lee Alvord (born October 2, 1964) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive tackle and defensive end in the National Football League (NFL) and World League of American Football (WLAF). In his four-year pro career he played for the St. Louis/Phoenix Cardinals of the NFL and the Barcelona Dragons of the WLAF. Alvord played college football for the Washington Huskies.

Barcelona Dragons (NFL Europe)
The Barcelona Dragons were an American football team that was a part of the World League of American Football and later in the resurrected NFL Europe. Their home field in Barcelona was the Estadi Olímpic de Montjuic, the 1992 Olympic Stadium, and later the Mini Estadi.

The Dragons were successful on the field, making it to 4 World Bowls (1991, 1997, 1999, 2001) and winning World Bowl V in 1997.
Astroblast!
Astroblast! is an American animated children's science fiction television series created by Bob Kolar for Sprout. The series follows Comet, an extroverted dog, Sputnik, an adventurous and loving pig, Halley, a smoothie-delivering rabbit, Radar, a bouncy monkey, and Jet, a mute alligator, who live together with an octopus named Sal in the Astroblast Space Station to the fictional smoothie café known as the Frosty Star. It is based on the book series of the same name by author and illustrator Bob Kolar.

The series was co-produced by Scholastic Entertainment and Soup2Nuts and premiered on July 12, 2014. The series also started airing on NBC Kids, a Saturday morning programming block on NBC, in October 2014. This was the final series produced by Soup2Nuts before the company closed on March 27, 2015.

An early promo for the series featured a variation of the theme music from The A-Team.

Alligator
An alligator, or colloquially gator, is a large reptile in the genus Alligator of the family Alligatoridae in the order Crocodilia. The two extant species are the American alligator (A. mississippiensis) and the Chinese alligator (A. sinensis). Additionally, several extinct species of alligator are known from fossil remains. Alligators first appeared during the late Eocene epoch about 37 million years ago.

The term "alligator" is likely an anglicized form of el lagarto, Spanish for "the lizard", which early Spanish explorers and settlers in Florida called the alligator. Early English spellings of the name included allagarta and alagarto.

Alligators are notable for their ability to inhabit climates that are considerably more temperate than those of most other crocodilians. Although they generally prefer subtropical to tropical regions, they are also capable of surviving colder winters in the northern parts of their range.
Knut Andersen
Knut Andersen can refer to:

Knut Andersen (film director) (1931–2019), Norwegian film director

Knut Andersen (footballer, born 1908) (1908–1981), Norwegian footballer

Knut Andersen (footballer, born 1927) (born 1927), Norwegian footballer

Knut Andersen (footballer, born 1930) (1930–2002), Norwegian footballer

Knut Andersen (film director)
Knut Andersen (9 May 1931 – 17 June 2019) was a Norwegian film director. He was born in Harstad. He directed a series of films, including Sus og dus på by'n (1968), Ballad of the Masterthief Ole Hoiland (1970), Marikens bryllup (1972), Under a Stone Sky (1974), Karjolsteinen (1977), and Den sommeren jeg fylte 15 (1975). He received the Amanda Committee's Honorary Award in 2007.

His 1969 film Scorched Earth was entered into the 6th Moscow International Film Festival, where it won a diploma.
1957 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's singles
The 1957 World Table Tennis Championships men's singles was the 24th edition of the men's singles championship.

Toshiaki Tanaka defeated Ichiro Ogimura in the final, winning three sets to nil to secure the title.

Ichiro Ogimura
Ichiro Ogimura (荻村 伊智朗, Ogimura Ichirō; June 25, 1932 – December 4, 1994) was a Japanese table tennis player, coach, president of the ITTF and former World No. 1 who won 12 World Championship titles during his career. Ogimura was also a key figure in the Ping Pong Diplomacy events of the early 1970s, as well as being instrumental in Korea playing as a unified team at the 1991 World Table Tennis Championships.
Marzenin, Łódź Voivodeship
Marzenin [maˈʐɛnin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sędziejowice, within Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south-west of Łask and 40 km (25 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Łask County
Łask County (Polish: powiat łaski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Łask, which lies 32 kilometres (20 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 617.38 square kilometres (238.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 50,874, out of which the population of Łask is 18,684 and the rural population is 32,190.
Paul Simonon
Paul Gustave Simonon (/ˈsɪmənən/; born 15 December 1955) is an English musician and artist best known as the bassist for the Clash. More recent work includes his involvement in the supergroup the Good, the Bad & the Queen and playing on the Gorillaz album Plastic Beach in 2010, which saw Simonon reunite with the Clash guitarist Mick Jones and Blur frontman Damon Albarn – and which also led to Simonon becoming the live band's touring bassist for Gorillaz's Escape to Plastic Beach Tour. Simonon is also an established visual artist.

Escape to Plastic Beach Tour
The Escape to Plastic Beach Tour was a concert tour by the British alternative rock virtual band Gorillaz in support of their third studio album Plastic Beach. During the tour, Damon Albarn recorded The Fall, described by Albarn as a "diary of [his] experience" throughout its American leg. The album was released in late December 2010 to fan club members, and physically in April 2011. We Are Wolves, N.E.R.D., Little Dragon and De La Soul shared duties as opening acts.
Lea Myren
Lea Mathilde Skar-Myren (born 21 April 2001) is a Norwegian actress and fashion model.

She became known for her role as Maya in NRK's drama series Jenter (2013–2015; 2018). She later played Jeanette in NRK's sitcom It's All Relatives (from 2020) and tater girl Monica Larsen in TV 2's drama series Kids in Crime (2022–2024). In 2025, she portrayed Elvira in The Ugly Stepsister, which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival.

Myren has also had supporting roles in several NRK series, including the sitcom Side om side (2018) and the youth drama Blank (2019).

Romanisael
The Romanisael (also known as Swedish Roma and Norwegian Roma, or Swedish Taters and Norwegian Taters) are a Romani subgroup who have been resident in Sweden and Norway for some 500 years. The estimated number of Romanisael in Sweden is 65,000, while in Norway, the number is estimated to be around 10,000.
Field's Hill
Field's Hill is a steep section of the M13 (King Cetshwayo Highway) located in the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It forms part of the alternative route connecting Pinetown with the Upper Highway Area and is noted for its steep gradient, challenging driving conditions, and its inclusion on the Comrades Marathon course.

EThekwini Metropolitan Municipality
The eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality (Zulu: UMasipala weDolobhakazi laseThekwini) is a metropolitan municipality, created in 2000, that includes the city of Durban and surrounding towns. eThekwini is one of the 11 districts of the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. As of 2011, the majority of its 3,442,361 inhabitants spoke isiZulu.
James Woods Gyle
James Woods Gyle (died 2 December 1934) was an Independent Unionist politician in Northern Ireland, member of the Parliament of Northern Ireland.

Born in Belfast, the son of mariner John Gyle and Fanny Woods. Gyle was married in December 1894 to Helen Dempster, with whom he had two children.

He was suspended from the Orange Order in 1934 for seven years, because he visited Joseph Devlin MP for Belfast Central on his deathbed.

He was elected in the 1925 Northern Ireland general election for Belfast East until 1929.  He unsuccessfully contested the 1929 Northern Ireland general election for Belfast Dock.

He was a member of the Senate of Northern Ireland from 1933 until his death on 2 December 1934.

Belfast East (Northern Ireland Parliament constituency)
54°36′14″N 5°52′34″W﻿ / ﻿54.604°N 5.876°W﻿ / 54.604; -5.876

Belfast East was a borough constituency of the Parliament of Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1929. It returned four MPs, using proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
After Hours (Avery Parrish song)
"After Hours" is a blues piano composition composed by pianist Avery Parrish. It is usually played in G.

The first recording of the song was by Parrish with the Erskine Hawkins Orchestra, on June 10, 1940, and was released on the Bluebird record label. It was an instant hit, and subsequently became a jazz standard. The song has been recorded many times by such diverse artists as Benny Goodman, Dizzy Gillespie with Sonny Rollins and Sonny Stitt, Woody Herman, Hazel Scott, Phineas Newborn, Hank Crawford, Buck Clayton, Ellis Marsalis, Roy Buchanan, Ryo Fukui, Muddy Waters and numerous others.

The version used since 1984 as the theme song for the Jazz After Hours program on Public Radio International is a solo piano performance by Ray Bryant, recorded at the 1972 Montreux Jazz Festival.

Buck Clayton
Wilbur Dorsey "Buck" Clayton (November 12, 1911 – December 8, 1991) was an American jazz trumpeter who was a member of Count Basie's orchestra. His principal influence was Louis Armstrong, first hearing the record "Confessin' that I Love You" as he passed by a shop window.