hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tomas Morato Avenue
Tomas Morato Avenue is a street located in Quezon City within the Diliman and New Manila areas of northeastern Metro Manila, Philippines. The street links Eulogio Rodriguez Sr. Avenue in the village of Mariana in the south with Eugenio Lopez Drive (also known as Scout Albano Street) in South Triangle in the north and passes through Barangays Sacred Heart, Laging Handa, Kamuning, Obrero, and Kristong Hari. It was named after the first mayor of Quezon City.

The street is known as a trendy restaurant row located in Quezon City's entertainment area along with Timog Avenue and West Avenue. It is also known for its bars, discos, karaoke and comedy clubs, and as a popular hangout for local actors who work in the nearby studios such as the ABS-CBN Broadcasting Center on Mother Ignacia Avenue and GMA Network Center on Timog Avenue corner EDSA, as well as millennials.

GMA Network Center
The GMA Network Center is the headquarters of the Filipino media and entertainment company GMA Network Inc. and its subsidiaries located in EDSA corner Timog Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines. It is the company's main television and radio production center, broadcast complex, and its main transmission facility for most of Metro Manila. The building houses Super Radyo DZBB 594 AM, Barangay LS 97.1 FM, GMA-7 and GTV-27.

GMA inaugurated the facility on June 14, 2000, the birthdate of GMA Network, as part of the kick-off of its year-round celebration of its 50th golden anniversary. While the first phase of the project has already been completed with the completion of the 17-storey high-rise building, the center has an option to upgrade the older, existing facilities in the GMA compound, as originally planned.
Flutter-tonguing
Flutter-tonguing is a wind instrument tonguing technique. In this technique, performers flutter their tongue to make a characteristic "FrrrrrFrrrrr" sound. The effect varies according to the instrument and at what volume it is played, ranging from cooing sounds on a recorder to an effect similar to the growls used by jazz musicians.

Wind instrument
A wind instrument is a musical instrument that contains some type of resonator (usually a tube) in which a column of air is set into vibration by the player blowing into (or over) a mouthpiece set at or near the end of the resonator. The pitch of the vibration is determined by the length of the tube and by manual modifications of the effective length of the vibrating column of air. In the case of some wind instruments, sound is produced by blowing through a reed; others require buzzing into a metal mouthpiece, while yet others require the player to blow into a hole at an edge, which splits the air column and creates the sound.
Gmail interface
The Gmail interface makes Gmail unique amongst webmail systems for several reasons. Most evident to users are its search-oriented features and means of managing e-mail in a "conversation view" that is similar to an Internet forum.

An official redesign of the Gmail interface was rolled out on November 1, 2011, that simplified the look and feel of Gmail into a more minimalist design to provide a more consistent look throughout Google products and services as part of an overall design overhaul. Another major redesign took place April 2018 which introduced new information rights management controls designed for business use cases. The URL for Gmail is https://gmail.com

Yahoo Mail
Yahoo! Mail (also written as Yahoo Mail) is a mailbox provider by Yahoo. It is one of the largest email services worldwide, with 225 million users. It is accessible via a web browser (webmail), mobile app, or through third-party email clients via the POP, SMTP, and IMAP protocols. Users can also connect non-Yahoo e-mail accounts to their Yahoo Mail inbox. The service was launched on October 8, 1997.

The service is free for personal use, with an optional monthly fee for additional features.

It is available in several languages.
Emil Bønnelycke
Emil Christian Theodor Bønnelycke (21 March 1893 – 27 November 1953) was a Danish poet. Born in Aarhus, he was brought up in Copenhagen but as a young man also lived in Norway. Having worked as a clerk, scaffolding worker, and bricklayer's assistant, he focused on writing from 1919. He had his debut in 1917 with a collection of poems called Ild og Ungdom (Youth and Fire), written while he was living in Kristiania.

A prolific writer of poetry, novels, plays and short stories, Bønnelycke is remembered in particular for his futuristic poem, Aarhundredet (The Century) from 1918 and his Københavnske Poesier (Copenhagen Poems), in praise of the city, which brought him a wide, appreciative readership. He is also remembered, however, for firing blank cartridges after having read an acclamatory poem in honour of Rosa Luxemburg at Politikens Hus.

He died in Söndrum, near Halmstad, Sweden in 1953 and was buried at Vestre Kirkegård in Copenhagen.

Politiken
Politiken is a Danish daily broadsheet newspaper, published by JP/Politikens Hus in Copenhagen, Denmark. It was founded in 1884 and played a role in the formation of the Danish Social Liberal Party. Since 1970 it has been independent of the party but maintains a liberal stance. It now runs an online newspaper, politiken.dk. The paper's design has won several international awards, and a number of its journalists have won the Cavling Prize.
Union Lookout
Union Lookout is a lookout tower located within Trail of Tears State Forest in Union County, Illinois, United States. The Civilian Conservation Corps built the tower circa 1934 as part of a network of fire lookout towers in Shawnee National Forest; the fire towers were one of many CCC conservation projects in the forest, which also included planting trees, constructing bridges and trails, and preventing erosion. The tower was used through the 1960s, by which time airplanes had largely replaced towers as a means of detecting fires; it is now the only remaining lookout tower in the forest. On February 5, 2003, Union Lookout was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

Union County, Illinois
Union County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 United States census, it had a population of 17,244. Its county seat is Jonesboro. It is located in the southern portion of Illinois known locally as "Little Egypt".
Minago River
Minago River is a river in the Hudson Bay drainage basin in Northern Manitoba, Canada. It flows in a northeasterly direction from Moon Lake into the western end of Cross Lake on the Nelson River.

From Moon Lake a portage led to South Moose Lake and the Saskatchewan River.

Northern Manitoba
Northern Manitoba (also known as NorMan or Nor-Man) is a geographic and cultural region of the Canadian province of Manitoba. Manitoba originally encompassed only a small square around the Red River Colony, but it was extended north to the 60th parallel in 1912, thus acquiring a large northern region. The region's specific boundaries vary, as "northern" communities are considered to share certain social and geographic characteristics, regardless of latitude.
Theobald Gorges
Sir Theobald Gorges (died c. 1647) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1644. He supported the Royalist side in the English Civil War.

Gorges was the son of Sir Thomas Gorges of Langford Wiltshire.

In November 1640, Gorges was elected member of parliament for Cirencester in the Long Parliament. Gorges was knighted in 1641 and supported the King. He was disabled from sitting in parliament in January 1644. He was imprisoned for 14 months and fined £520.

Gorges married firstly to Anne Poole, daughter of Henry Poole of Saperton, and as a widower "aged about 52" married by licence of the Bishop of London to Anne Gage, daughter of John Gage, esq.

Cirencester (UK Parliament constituency)
Cirencester was a parliamentary constituency in Gloucestershire. From 1571 until 1885, it was a parliamentary borough, which returned two Member of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until 1868, and one member between 1868 and 1885. In 1885 the borough was abolished but the name was transferred to the county constituency in which it stood; this constituency was abolished for the 1918 general election.
Malobishkurazovo
Malobishkurazovo (Russian: Малобишкуразово; Bashkir: Кесе Бишҡураз, Kese Bişquraz) is a rural locality (a village) in Uchpilinsky Selsoviet, Dyurtyulinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 55 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

Dyurtyulinsky District
Dyurtyulinsky District (Russian: Дюртюли́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Дүртөйлө районы, translit. Dürtöylö rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the republic and borders with Kaltasinsky District in the north, Burayevsky District in the northeast and east, Birsky District in the east and southeast, Kushnarenkovsky and Chekmagushevsky Districts in the south, Ilishevsky District in the west, and with Krasnokamsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,670 square kilometers (640 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Dyurtyuli (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 32,701.
Marshall Coleman
John Marshall Coleman (born June 8, 1942) is an American lawyer and Republican politician who served in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly during the 1970s. He was the first Republican elected as Attorney General of Virginia since Reconstruction (and of any former Confederate state since 1896) and served 1978–1982, although his later campaigns for Governor of Virginia and U.S. Senate proved unsuccessful. In 1994, he mounted an unsuccessful independent campaign for the United States Senate, finishing third with 11% of the vote.

Massive resistance
Massive resistance was a political strategy created by American politicians Harry F. Byrd and James M. Thomson aimed at getting Virginia officials to pass laws and policies preventing public school desegregation, particularly after Brown v. Board of Education. Many schools and an entire school system were shut down in 1958 and 1959 in attempts to block integration.

This lasted until the Virginia Supreme Court and a special three-judge panel of federal district judges from the Eastern District of Virginia, sitting at Norfolk, declared those policies unconstitutional. Although most of the laws created to implement massive resistance were overturned by state and federal courts within a year, some aspects of the campaign against integrated public schools continued in Virginia for many more years.
Colin Smith (lepidopterist)
Colin Philip Smith (24 November 1936 – 4 November 2023) was a British lepidopterist who lived and worked in Nepal. He was widely known as "Putali Bajey" (Nepali: पुतली बाजे ) or "Butterfly Grandad" in Nepal. He spent more than 50 years in Nepal studying and writing about its butterfly fauna. He is the author of several books on butterflies of Nepal. He visited Nepal in 1966 as a teacher under a United Mission to Nepal program. Smith taught some of the most popular Nepali personalities such as Baburam Bhattarai and Upendra Devkota at the start of his career.

In 2019, the Nepal government granted him honorary citizenship of Nepal for his achievements as well as international reputation. He is the third person to receive the honour after Sir Edmund Hillary and Toni Hagen, and before Um Hong-gil.

Smith died due to a gastrointestinal stromal tumor at Hariyokharka Hospital in Pokhara, on 4 November 2023. He was 87.

Baburam Bhattarai
Baburam Bhattarai (born 18 June 1954), also known by his nom de guerre Laaldhwoj, is a Nepalese politician and architect who served as the 36th prime minister of Nepal from 2011 to 2013. He currently as leader of the Pragatisheel Loktantrik Party.

Bhattarai was a long-time leading member and deputy chairman of the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) and is international representative for Korea Unification Church,prior to founding a new party, Naya Shakti Party, Nepal. He subsequently renounced communism and embraced democratic socialism.
Melinda Maxwell
Melinda Maxwell (born 1953 in London) is an English oboist and composer.  She is principal oboist of the ensemble Endymion and the Birmingham Contemporary Music Group, and a regularly principal of the London Sinfonietta. She has been an academic teacher at the Royal Academy of Music, Birmingham Conservatoire, Trinity College and the Royal Northern College of Music.

London Sinfonietta
The London Sinfonietta is an English contemporary chamber orchestra founded in 1968 and based in London.

The ensemble has headquarters at Kings Place and is Resident Orchestra at the Southbank Centre. Since its inaugural concert in 1968—giving the world premiere of Sir John Tavener’s The Whale—the London Sinfonietta's commitment to making new music has seen it commission over 300 works, and premiere many hundreds more.

The core of the London Sinfonietta is its 18 Principal Players. In September 2013 the ensemble launched its Emerging Artists Programme.

The London Sinfonietta's recordings comprise a catalogue of 20th-century classics, on numerous labels as well as the ensemble's own London Sinfonietta Label.
Live! Be in It
Live! Be in It is the first live album by Australian rock band Skyhooks. It was released by Mushroom Records on cassette and vinyl in December 1978 in Australia and on CD in 1991.
The live recordings are taken from various concerts around Melbourne from December 1975 to July 1978.

Mushroom Records
Mushroom Records was an Australian flagship record label, founded in 1972 in Melbourne. It published and distributed many successful Australian artists and expanded internationally, until it was merged with Festival Records in 1998. Festival Mushroom Records was later acquired by Warner Bros. Records, which operated the label from 2005 to 2010 before merging the label's catalogue with its own. Founder Michael Gudinski went on to become the leader of the Mushroom Group, the largest independent music and entertainment company in Australia, with divisions such as Frontier Touring.
Bedo Hafesp
Bedo Hafesp (fl. 1568–1585) was a Welsh poet from Montgomeryshire.

A large scale eisteddfod, festival of traditional bardic crafts, was held for the second time in 1568 at Caerwys, as authorized by Queen Elizabeth I. Hafesp was a top ranked competitor there. He wrote poems about important community members, including memorials to Siôn Gruffydd of Llŷn (1585) and Dafydd ap Dafydd Llwyd.

His surname was derived from a place, Aberhafesp, a parish in Montgomeryshire.

Aberhafesp
Aberhafesp (Welsh: Aberhafesb) is a small village and community in Montgomeryshire, Powys, Wales. The hamlet of Bwlch-y-Ffridd is within the community.

It is situated about five miles west of Newtown on the B4568 close to the River Severn.

The church of St Gwynog dates back to the 13th century but was largely rebuilt in 1857.
Sikh music
Sikh music is the classical music style that is practised within Sikhism. It exists in institutional, popular, and folk traditions, forms, and varieties. Three types of Sikh musicians are rababis, ragis, and dhadhis. Sikh music exists in various melodic modes, musical forms, styles, musicians, and performance contexts.

Gurmukhi
Gurmukhī (Punjabi: ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ [ˈɡʊɾᵊmʊkʰiː], Shahmukhi: گُرمُکھی) is an abugida developed from the Laṇḍā scripts, standardized and used by the second Sikh guru, Guru Angad (1504–1552). Commonly regarded as a Sikh script, Gurmukhi is used in Punjab, India as the official script of the Punjabi language.

The primary scripture of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib, is written in Gurmukhī, in various dialects and languages often subsumed under the generic title Sant Bhasha or "saint language", in addition to other languages like Persian and various phases of Indo-Aryan languages.

Modern Gurmukhī has thirty-five original letters, hence its common alternative term paintī or "the thirty-five", plus six additional consonants, nine vowel diacritics, two diacritics for nasal sounds, one diacritic that geminates consonants and three subscript characters.
Kearsarge Pass
Kearsarge Pass is a pass in the Sierra Nevada of California. The pass lies on the Sierra Crest at 11,709 feet (3,569 m). The pass permits foot traffic between Kings Canyon National Park and the John Muir Wilderness.

The pass was named after the Kearsarge mine to the east, which was named by its owners after the USS Kearsarge, the ship that destroyed the CSS Alabama. The Alabama Hills were named after the latter ship, and the mine was named in reaction. The first known crossing of Kearsarge Pass was in 1864.

CSS Alabama
CSS Alabama was a screw sloop-of-war built in 1862 for the Confederate States Navy. She was built in Birkenhead on the River Mersey opposite Liverpool, England, by John Laird Sons and Company. Launched as Enrica, she was fitted out as a cruiser and commissioned as CSS Alabama on August 24, 1862. Under Captain Raphael Semmes, Alabama served as a successful commerce raider, attacking, capturing, and burning Union merchant and naval ships in the North Atlantic, as well as intercepting American grain ships bound for Europe. The Alabama continued through the West Indies and further into the East Indies, destroying over seven ships before returning to Europe. On June 11, 1864, the Alabama arrived at Cherbourg, France, where she was overhauled.  Shortly after, a Union sloop-of-war, USS Kearsarge, arrived; and on June 19,  the Battle of Cherbourg commenced outside the port of Cherbourg, France, whereby the Kearsarge sank the Alabama in approximately one hour after the Alabama's opening shot.
Gottfried Diener
Gottfried Diener (1 November 1926 – 26 May 2015) was a Swiss bobsleigher who competed in the mid-1950s. He won the gold medal in the four-man event at the 1956 Winter Olympics in Cortina d'Ampezzo. Diener also won two gold medals in the four-man event at the FIBT World Championships, winning them in 1954 and 1955. He also served as president of the International Crossbow Shooting Union from 1965 to 1999. Diener was named an honorary president of the organization in 2006.

FIBT World Championships 1955
The FIBT World Championships 1955 took place in St. Moritz, Switzerland for the record seventh time. The Swiss city had hosted the event previously in 1931 (Four-man), 1935 (Four-man), 1937 (Four-man), 1938 (Two-man), 1939 (Two-man), and 1947.
Dmitry Debelka
Dmitry Vladimirovich Debelka (Belarusian: Дзмітрый (Зьміцер) Уладзіміравіч Дзябёлка; 7 January 1976 – February 2022) was a Belarusian wrestler who competed in the Men's Greco-Roman 130 kg at the 2000 Summer Olympics and won the bronze medal.

Debelka died on 24 February 2022, at the age of 46.

Wrestling at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Wrestling at the 2000 Summer Olympics took place in the Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre and was split into two disciplines, Freestyle and Greco-Roman which are further divided into different weight categories. The freestyle competitions were held from 28 September to 1 October, and the Greco-Roman events were held from 24 to 27 September. In the freestyle 76 kg Alexander Leipold of Germany originally placed first, but was disqualified after he tested positive for Nandrolone.
Deutsches Theater (Oslo)
Deutsches Theater was a German-language theater in Oslo, Norway which existed between 1941 and 1944, during the German occupation of Norway.

It was established on 1 January 1941 following an order from Josef Terboven, and the first performance was held on 22 April 1941 in Nationaltheatret. It later moved to new localities, in Stortingsgata 16. Its premiere performance, the operetta The Land of Smiles by Franz Lehár, was held on 7 June the same year. The theatre closed in September 1944 because the resources needed to be channeled elsewhere in the German war machine.

German occupation of Norway
The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany during the Second World War began on 9 April 1940 after Operation Weserübung. Conventional armed resistance to the German invasion ended on 10 June 1940, and Nazi Germany controlled Norway until the capitulation of German forces in Europe on 8 May 1945. Throughout this period, a pro-German government named Den nasjonale regjering ('the National Government') ruled Norway, while the Norwegian king Haakon VII and the prewar government escaped to London, where they formed a government in exile. Civil rule was effectively assumed by the Reichskommissariat Norwegen (Reich Commissariat of Norway), which acted in collaboration with the pro-German puppet government. This period of military occupation is, in Norway, referred to as the "war years", "occupation period" or simply "the war".
Government of Zimbabwe Rhodesia
The government of Zimbabwe Rhodesia took office on 1 June 1979 under the terms of the Internal Settlement negotiated between the government of Rhodesia and moderate African nationalists. It ruled the internationally unrecognized country until, under the terms of the Lancaster House Agreement, control was turned over to Lord Soames as the Governor of Southern Rhodesia on 12 December 1979.

The government attempted to include all parties represented in the House of Assembly following the general election, although the Zimbabwe African National Union of Rev Ndabaningi Sithole initially refused to take up their seats.

Lancaster House Agreement
The Lancaster House Agreement is an agreement signed on 21 December 1979 in Lancaster House, following the conclusion of a constitutional conference where different parties discussed the future of Zimbabwe Rhodesia, formerly known as Rhodesia. The agreement effectively concluded the Rhodesian Bush War. It also marked the nullification of Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence, as British colonial authority was to be restored for a transitional period to internationally recognised independence, during which free elections under supervision by the British government would take place. Crucially, ZANU and ZAPU, the political wings of ZANLA and ZIPRA (who had been waging an escalating insurgency since 1964), would be permitted to stand candidates in the forthcoming elections. This was however conditional to compliance with the ceasefire and the verified absence of voter intimidation.
Iris Wildthyme (audio drama series)
Iris Wildthyme is a series of audio plays from Big Finish Productions, featuring Katy Manning as Iris Wildthyme, a character from the spin-off media based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who.

Science fiction on television
Science fiction (Sci-fi) first appeared in television programming in the late 1930s, during what is called the Golden Age of Science Fiction. Special effects and other production techniques allow creators to present a living visual image of an imaginary world not limited by the constraints of reality.
St Joseph's Rugby Festival
The St Joseph's College, Ipswich National Schoolboy Rugby Festival is a schools rugby union competition in the UK.

The Festival was started in 1987 to commemorate the Golden Jubilee of the College. Schools invited to take part come from both the state and independent sectors. The Festival has a record of featuring future England players, including former captain Chris Robshaw, British and Irish Lion Mako Vunipola, Charlie Sharples, Mike Tindall, Jonathan Joseph, Zach Mercer and most recently Marcus Smith, who won player of the tournament for Brighton College in 2016.

16 British teams, including hosts St Joseph's, compete in a 2 day competition. On day 1, 4 groups of 4, drawn randomly, play each other. On day 2, the top 2 from each group enter the De La Salle Cup and the bottom 2 enter the plate competition.

Past De La Salle winners include John Fisher School, Millfield, Brighton College and St Joseph's College.

Jonathan Joseph (rugby union)
Jonathan Byron Alexander Joseph (born 21 May 1991) is a retired English professional rugby union player. He played club rugby as a centre for London Irish, Bath, and Biarritz, and internationally for England.