hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shimabara
Shimabara can refer to any of the following:

Shimabara, Nagasaki, a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan

Shimabara Peninsula, the geographic feature that hosts Shimabara, Nagasaki

Shimabara Castle, in Shimabara, Nagasaki

Shimabara Rebellion (also known as the Battle or Siege of Shimabara), a 1637 uprising of residents of the Nagasaki area against the Shōgun's anti-Christian policies

Shimabara, Kyoto, an entertainment quarter in Kyoto, Japan

Shimabara Peninsula
The Shimabara Peninsula (島原半島, Shimabara-hantō) is a peninsula located in Nagasaki Prefecture on the island of Kyushu, Japan. The peninsula incorporates the cities of Shimabara, Minamishimabara, and Unzen.

The northern, eastern, and southeastern coasts of the peninsula face the Ariake Sea, and the western coast faces Tachibana Bay. An active group of volcanoes known collectively as Mount Unzen lies in the middle of the peninsula, with many hot springs, such as Unzen Onsen and the extremely hot Obama Onsen.

The peninsula was also the site of the Shimabara Rebellion, a 1637–1638 peasant and rōnin revolt led by Christians. This further reinforced distrust of Christians and foreigners by Shōgun Iemitsu and contributed to the 1639 decision to isolate Japan from the outside world. From then on, the Dutch and the Chinese were the only ones permitted to enter Japan through Nagasaki in a very limited fashion until Japan was reopened again.
Northampton and Rutland Militia
The Northampton and Rutland Militia was an auxiliary unit formed in 1860 by the merger of the militia regiments of Northamptonshire and Rutlandshire in the East Midlands of England. The regiment trained regularly in peacetime and served during periods of international tension and major wars, relieving regular troops from routine garrison duties. It became a battalion of the Northamptonshire Regiment in 1881, serving in the Second Boer War and training thousands of officers and men during World War I. After a shadowy postwar existence, it was finally disbanded in 1953.

East Midlands
The East Midlands is one of nine official regions of England. It comprises the eastern half of the area traditionally known as the Midlands. It consists of Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire (except for North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire), Northamptonshire, Nottinghamshire, and Rutland. The region has a land area of 15,623 km2 (6,032 sq mi), with an estimated population 5,063,164 in 2024. With a sufficiency-level world city ranking, Nottingham is the only settlement in the region to be classified by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.

The main cities in the region are Derby, Leicester, Lincoln and Nottingham. The largest towns in these counties are Boston, Chesterfield, Coalville, Corby, Glossop, Grantham, Kettering, Loughborough, Newark-on-Trent, Northampton, Mansfield, Oakham, Swadlincote and Wellingborough.
George B. Nelson
George Bliss Nelson (May 21, 1876 – January 10, 1943) was an American lawyer from Portage County, Wisconsin. He was a justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court from 1930 through 1942. He earlier served as district attorney of Portage County.

Wisconsin Supreme Court
The Wisconsin Supreme Court is the highest and final court of appeals in the state judicial system of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. In addition to hearing appeals of lower Wisconsin court decisions, the Wisconsin Supreme Court also has the option to take original jurisdiction of cases, and serves as a regulator and administrator of judicial conduct and the practice of law in Wisconsin.

Justices on the Wisconsin Supreme Court are elected. The two most recent elections (2023 and 2025) received national attention. They both broke records for the most expensive judicial elections in U.S. history.
HMS Snipe
Six ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Snipe:

HMS Snipe (1801) was a 12-gun gun-brig launched in 1801 and broken up in 1846.

HMS Snipe (1828) was a cutter launched in 1828 and broken up in 1860.

HMS Snipe (1860) was a Philomel-class gunvessel launched in 1860 and broken up in 1868.

HMS Snipe (1874) was a Coastguard vessel launched in 1874 which foundered in 1914.

HMS Snipe (1898) was a river gunboat launched in 1898 and sold in 1919

HMS Snipe (U20) was a Black Swan-class sloop launched in 1945 and scrapped in 1960

Black Swan-class sloop
The Black Swan class and Modified Black Swan class were two classes of sloop of the Royal Navy and Royal Indian Navy.  Twelve Black Swans were launched between 1939 and 1943, including four for the Royal Indian Navy; twenty-five Modified Black Swans were launched between 1942 and 1945, including two for the Royal Indian Navy; several other ships were cancelled.
Jaguar 420 and Daimler Sovereign (1966–1969)
The Jaguar 420 (pronounced "four-twenty") and its Daimler Sovereign equivalent were introduced at the October 1966 London Motor Show and produced for two years as the ultimate expression of a series of "compact sporting saloons" offered by Jaguar throughout that decade, all of which shared the same wheelbase. Developed from the Jaguar S-Type, the 420 cost around £200 more than that model and effectively ended buyer interest in it, although the S-Type continued to be sold alongside the 420/Sovereign until both were supplanted by the Jaguar XJ6 late in 1968.

London Motorfair
London Motor Show, formerly the London Motorfair, was a motor show in England. It was held biennially at Earls Court Exhibition Centre, from 1977 to 1999. When the event won the support of the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders and P&O Events, in October 1993, the name was changed from the London Motorfair to The London Motor Show.

The London Motor Show was revived in May 2016, being held at Battersea Park, with Prince Michael of Kent as its patron. The event of 2017 also took place at Battersea Park, before it was moved to ExCeL London from May 2018 and continued in 2019.

The event of May 2020 was cancelled, due to the ongoing pandemic, and was scheduled to take place in July 2021, in Battersea Park but the 2021 event did not happen. An unrelated British Motor Show event took place at Farnborough in 2021.

The event will return under the banner of the London International Motor Show on 26-28th February 2027
Giant Ukrainian Radio Telescope
Giant Ukrainian Radio Telescope (GURT, Ukrainian: Гігантський Український Радіотелескоп, ГУРТ) is a low frequency (8-80 MНz) radio telescope which is being developed, built and operated by Institute of Radio Astronomy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IRA NASU). It is located at S. Y. Braude radio astronomical observatory in Kharkiv oblast of Ukraine. The GURT system is designed to be an extension of Ukrainian T-shaped Radio telescope, second modification (UTR-2) in terms of spatial dimensions and frequency range. The goals of creating this new instrument include enhancement of UTR-2 functional properties and contribution to the progress of low frequency radio astronomy in synergy with other distant instruments.

Kharkiv Oblast
Kharkiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Харківська область, romanized: Kharkivska oblast, Russian: Харьковская область, romanized: Kharkovskaya oblast), also referred to as Kharkivshchyna (Ukrainian: Харківщина), is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine.

Kharkiv borders Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the southeast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the southwest, Poltava Oblast to the west, Sumy Oblast to the northwest and Russia's Belgorod Oblast to the north. Its area is 31,400 square kilometres (12,100 sq mi), or 5.2% of the total territory of Ukraine.

The oblast is the third-most populous of Ukraine, with a population of 2,598,961 in 2021, more than half (1.42 million) of whom live in the city of Kharkiv, the oblast's administrative center.
Road Scholars
Road Scholars is the second live album by the American jazz group Spyro Gyra, released in 1998 by GRP Records on CD and cassette. The final track on the US release, "Best Friends", is a studio recording. This is absent from the European release, which includes an additional live recording, "The Unwritten Letter", as the third track.

The live tracks were recorded between March 28 and September 12, 1997, in Arizona, California, Florida, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, and Texas.

Spyro Gyra
Spyro Gyra /ˌspaɪroʊˈdʒaɪrə/ is an American jazz fusion band that was formed in Buffalo, New York, in 1974. The band's music combines jazz, R&B, funk, and pop music. The band's name comes from Spirogyra, a genus of green algae which founder Jay Beckenstein had learned about in college.
West Midlands (European Parliament constituency)
West Midlands was a constituency of the European Parliament. It was represented by seven MEPs using the D'Hondt method of party-list proportional representation. In 2009, the constituency was reduced to six seats, but also elected a "virtual MEP" who took her seat in the Parliament when the Treaty of Lisbon came into effect. The constituency was represented by seven MEPs prior to the 2009 election, until the UK exit from the European Union on 31 January 2020.

Party-list proportional representation
Party-list proportional representation (list-PR) is a system of proportional representation based on preregistered political parties, with each party being allocated a certain number of seats  roughly proportional to their share of the vote.

In these systems, parties provide lists of candidates to be elected, or candidates may declare their affiliation with a political party (in some open-list systems). Seats are distributed by election authorities to each party, in proportion to the number of votes the party receives. Voters may cast votes for parties, as in Spain, Turkey, and Israel (closed lists); or for candidates whose vote totals are pooled together to determine the share of representation of their respective parties, as in Finland, Brazil, and the Netherlands (mixed single vote or panachage).
Ethnic groups in Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu is one of the 28 states of India. Its capital and largest city is Chennai (formerly known as Madras). Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian Peninsula and is bordered by the States of Puducherry, Kerala, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. It is the tenth-largest state in India and the seventh most populous state.

As of 2001 census, Tamil is spoken as the first language by 88.59% of the population followed by Telugu by 5.65 percent, Kannada by 2.68 percent, Urdu by 1.51 per cent, Hindi by 0.64 percent, Malayalam by 0.89 percent, Marathi by 0.1 percent and Saurashtra by 0.1 percent.

Dharmapuri district
Dharmapuri district is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil-Nadu, India. It is the first district created in Tamil Nadu after the independence of India by splitting it from then-Salem district on 2 October 1965. Dharmapuri District is one of the major producers of mango in the state, fine quality granite is found in the district. It is also one of the main sericulture belts in the state. Around 30 percent of the district's area is under forest cover. Kaveri enters Tamil Nadu through this district. Dharmapuri district had the lowest literacy rate of 74.23% in Tamilnadu during the 2011 census.
Waihirere
Waihirere is a settlement and rural area in the Gisborne District of New Zealand's North Island. It is located 16 kilometres inland from the coastal city of Gisborne.

The settlement is a stronghold for kapa haka, and is where prominent performer Louise Kingi grew up and learned her skills from elders.

The Rhythm and Vines music festival is located in nearby Waimata Valley.

Te Aitanga-a-Māhaki
Te Aitanga-a-Māhaki is one of the three principal Māori iwi  of the Tūranga district, the others being Rongowhakaata and Ngai Tamanuhiri. It is numerically the largest of the three, with 6,258 affiliated members as of 2013.

The rohe (territory) of Te Aitanga-a-Māhaki extends from the Mangatu land blocks to Hangaroa Matawai, Pātūtahi and Whataupoko near Gisborne. The boundary also includes Tuamotu Island. While majority of members are situated within the traditional tribal boundaries, there is a significant number present in the Wellington, Auckland and Hawke's Bay regions.
Padakuthira
Padakuthira is a 1978 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by P. G. Vasudevan and produced by Malithra Production. The film stars Kamal Haasan, Mallika Sukumaran, R. S. Manohar and Meena. The film has musical score by Kannur Rajan. Kamal Haasan and M. S. Viswanathan sang the songs "Ragalolayaay Kamalolayaay Neelayaamini" and "Paapam Nizhal" respectively in the film album.

M. S. Viswanathan
Manayangath Subramanian Viswanathan (24 June 1928 – 14 July 2015), also known as M.S.V., was an Indian music director, singer and actor who predominantly worked in Tamil film industry. Popularly known by the sobriquet "Mellisai Mannar" (transl. King of Melody), he composed songs for more than 800 Indian films and various albums across languages primarily in Tamil, Malayalam and Telugu films. He has also acted and sung in a few Tamil films. The Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu J Jayalalithaa conferred the "Thirai Isai Chakravarthy" (transl. The Emperor of Cine Music) title on him in August 2012 and presented him with 60 gold coins and a new car.

Viswanathan composed film music together with composer and violinist T. K. Ramamoorthy from the 1950s to 1965, as Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy for 100 Films. He independently composed for 700 films from 1965 to 2015.
Living Wigan
Living Wigan is a 1902 short silent documentary film directed by James Kenyon and Sagar Mitchell, showing street life and a steam tram in Wigan town centre in August 1902. The film, which premiered in Wigan Town Hall before the Coronation celebrations of King Edward VII in 1902. It formed part of the two-hour film show Live in Wigan. The tram featured in the film was run by Wigan Corporation Tramways.

"This film buzzes with the energy and vibrancy of street life  in the city," according to the BFI, and the filmmakers, "are seen introducing a comic moment into a possibly more formal opening event," and "actively encouraged the audience to respond to the camera with play acting, comic moments - with the crowd not quite knowing if to respond to the camera or concentrating on the curious event behind them," with, "a farcical moment of a guy splashing water at the crowds with a hosepipe."

Old Town Hall, Wigan
The Old Town Hall was a former municipal facility at the corner of King Street and Rodney Street in Wigan, England. The building, which was demolished in September 2013, had been designated a Grade II listed building in 1990.
Fat Children
"Fat Children" is a song by Jarvis Cocker, released as the second single from the debut solo album Jarvis. The single was released in the UK on 16 July 2007. The 7" vinyl single features the full length version of "The Loss Adjuster" which appeared on the album as two short snippets. There is also a remix of "Fat Children" by former Pulp bassist Steve Mackey on the 12" single. The single was a limited edition.

Jarvis Cocker
Jarvis Branson Cocker (born 19 September 1963) is an English singer and musician. As the founder, frontman, lyricist and only consistent member of the band Pulp, he became a reluctant figurehead of the Britpop genre of the mid-1990s. Cocker has also pursued a solo career, and for seven years he presented the BBC Radio 6 Music show Jarvis Cocker's Sunday Service.
Maeda Toshimasa
Maeda Toshimasa (前田 利昌; ? – August 4, 1560) was a Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period. Also known as Toshiharu (利春), he was the son of Maeda Toshitaka. His seat was Arako Castle in Owari Province. Toshimasa was a vassal of Oda Nobuhide, who nominally ruled Owari Province from his seat at Kiyosu Castle.

Kiyosu Castle
Kiyosu Castle (清洲城, Kiyosu-jō) is a Japanese castle located in Kiyosu, western Aichi Prefecture, Japan.  It is noted for its association with the rise to power of the Sengoku period warlord Oda Nobunaga. The kanji in the name of the castle was written as 清須城. The current partial reconstruction dates to 1989 and was built as a centennial celebration for the modern-day city of Kiyosu.
Shing Mun Valley Sports Ground
Shing Mun Valley Sports Ground (Chinese: 城門谷運動場) is a sports ground located in Tsuen Wan, New Territories, Hong Kong. It consists of a Tartan track and a football pitch. It replaces Tsuen Wan Sports Ground as the only sports ground in Tsuen Wan after Tsuen Wan Sports Ground was demolished.

The football pitch hosts Hong Kong First Division League club Eastern Salon's home match starting in the 2013–14 Hong Kong First Division League.

Tartan track
Tartan track is a trademarked all-weather synthetic track surfacing made of polyurethane used for track and field competitions, manufactured by 3M. The original production was in 1967, and the product was later reformulated to eliminate the use of mercury.

Because the "Tartan" product was widely successful in its time, the name Tartan has been used as a genericized trademark for description of an all-weather running track.

Athletic Polymer Systems, a subsidiary of MCP Industries, Inc., manages the installation of Tartan-branded running track.
Rick Donnelly
Richard Patrick Donnelly (born May 17, 1962) is a former punter in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Atlanta Falcons and the Seattle Seahawks. He was an All-Pro in 1987 and 1988, and led the NFL in punts in 1988 with 98. He played college football at Wyoming.

Punt (gridiron football)
In gridiron football, a punt is a kick performed by dropping the ball from the hands and then kicking the ball before it hits the ground. The most common use of this tactic is to punt the ball downfield to the opposing team, usually on the final down, with the hope of maximizing the distance the opposing team must advance in order to score. The result of a typical punt, barring any penalties or extraordinary circumstances, is a first down for the receiving team. A punt is not to be confused with a drop kick, a kick after the ball hits the ground, now rare in both American and Canadian football.

The type of punt leads to different motion of the football. Alex Moffat invented the now-common spiral punt, as opposed to end-over-end.
Ghanashyam House
Ghanashyam House or Nati Gosain dol is an early 18th-century brick monument built during the reign of the king Rudra Singha dedicated to the architect Ghanashyam. This monument is situated on the west bank of Joysagar Tank. It is 4 km away from Sivasagar town towards west.

Joysagar Tank
Joysagar Tank, also known as Joysagar Borpukhuri is a large tank located at Sivasagar district, Assam, India. The lake is 5 km from the center of the Sivasagar city. The lake has historical significance.
A. Lloyd MacDonald
Alexander Lloyd MacDonald (February 8, 1921 – March 9, 2007) was a Canadian politician. He represented the electoral district of Pictou East in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1963 to 1967, and 1970 to 1974. He was a member of the Nova Scotia Liberal Party.

MacDonald was born in 1921 at Garden of Eden, Nova Scotia. He married Margaret Elizabeth Dickie in 1948, and was employed as a supervisor at the Hawker Siddeley manufacturing plant in Trenton, Nova Scotia.

MacDonald entered provincial politics in the 1963 election, winning the Pictou East riding by 11 votes. He was defeated by Progressive Conservative Thomas MacQueen when he ran for re-election in 1967. MacDonald regained the seat in the 1970 election, defeating MacQueen by 19 votes. He did not reoffer in the 1974 election. MacDonald died in New Glasgow on March 9, 2007.

Nova Scotia Liberal Party
The Nova Scotia Liberal Party (officially the Liberal Association of Nova Scotia) is a centrist provincial political party in Nova Scotia, Canada and the provincial section of the Liberal Party of Canada. The party currently holds two seats in the Legislature, under the interim leadership of Iain Rankin. The party was in power most recently from the 2013 election until the 2021 election.

The party is the only party in the province with uninterrupted presence in the legislature since confederation. It has formed the Government of Nova Scotia for 90 of the approximately 160 years since it became a province of Canada. It won 25 of the province's 42 elections, but was supplanted by the Nova Scotia New Democratic Party as the official opposition for three consecutive elections in 1999, 2003 and 2006, and again in the most recent election in 2024.
Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
The Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign or the Chekiang–Kiangsi campaign (Japanese: 浙贛作戦, simplified Chinese: 浙赣战役; traditional Chinese: 浙赣戰役; pinyin: Zhè-Gàn Zhànyì), also known as Operation Sei-go (Japanese: せ号作戦), was a campaign by the China Expeditionary Army of the Imperial Japanese Army under Shunroku Hata and Chinese 3rd War Area forces under Gu Zhutong in Chinese provinces of Zhejiang and Jiangxi from mid May to early September 1942.

Hata's forces launched the campaign in retaliation for the Doolittle Raid, conducted by American pilots who had then landed in China's Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces. Besides seizing local airfields, Japanese troops launched massive reprisal campaigns against the local population by "slaughtering every man and child." As many as 250,000 Chinese died in the Japanese reprisals, the majority civilians.

Gu Zhutong
Gu Zhutong (traditional Chinese: 顧祝同; simplified Chinese: 顾祝同; pinyin: Gù Zhùtóng; Wade–Giles: Ku4 Chu4-t‘ung2; January 9, 1893 – January 17, 1987), courtesy name Mosan (墨三), also rendered as Ku Chu-tung, was a military general and administrator of the Republic of China.
John Beech Austin
John Beech Austin (17 July 1917 – 12 January 2012) was a British Royal Air Force (RAF) pilot during the Second World War. He was one of the RAF's longest-serving special duties pilots, dropping agents and supplies to Resistance movements in eight countries in occupied Europe.

Resistance during World War II
During World War II, resistance movements operated in German-occupied Europe by a variety of means, ranging from non-cooperation to propaganda, hiding crashed pilots and even to outright warfare and the recapturing of towns. In many countries, resistance movements were sometimes also referred to as The Underground.

While resistance groups played a significant auxiliary role in harassing the enemy, their military impact was limited, and they were incapable of liberating their nations alone. Overall, the effectiveness of resistance movements during World War II is generally measured more by their political and moral impact than their decisive military contribution to the overall Allied victory.
Two Tons of Steel
Two Tons of Steel is an American rockabilly and Texas country band, from San Antonio, Texas, United States.

The band has performed live at Gruene Hall, and has appeared in the IMAX film Texas: The Big Picture. The band's performance of "King of a One Horse Town" is included in a roots-country documentary that screens continuously at Nashville's Country Music Hall of Fame.

Two Tons of Steel continues as an institution at Texas’ Gruene Hall, where its annual Two Ton Tuesdays summer series draws 12,000 fans, and as a popular act at Nashville's Grand Ole Opry. They have been repeatedly voted "Best Country Band" by the San Antonio Current, one of its hometown weeklies.

Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum
The Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum in Nashville, Tennessee, is one of the world's largest museums and research centers dedicated to the preservation and interpretation of American country music. Chartered in 1964, the museum has amassed one of the world's most extensive musical collections.