hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Terra Australis Orogen
The Terra Australis Orogen (TAO) was a late Neoproterozoic- to Paleozoic-age accretionary orogen that ringed the ancient, active southern margin of the supercontinents Rodinia and later Pannotia (also called Greater Gondwana). This vast orogenic belt stretched for c. 18,000 km (11,000 mi) along-strike and involved, from west to east (in the ancient, paleogeographic reference frame), landmasses belonging to the modern-day Andean margin of South America, the South African Cape, West Antarctica, Victoria Land in East Antarctica, Eastern Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand. The formation of the Terra Australis Orogen is associated with the breakup of Rodinia at the end of the Neoproterozoic Era and the creation of Panthalassa, the paleo-Pacific Ocean, and it was succeeded by the Gondwanide orogeny with the formation of the supercontinent Pangea in the middle Paleozoic Era.

Pannotia
Pannotia (from Greek: pan-, "all", -nótos, "south"; meaning "all southern land"), also known as the Vendian supercontinent, Greater Gondwana, and the Pan-African supercontinent, was a relatively short-lived Neoproterozoic supercontinent that formed at the end of the Precambrian during the Pan-African orogeny (650–500 Ma), during the Cryogenian period, and broke apart 560 Ma with the opening of the Iapetus Ocean, in the late Ediacaran and early Cambrian.
Pannotia formed when Laurentia was located adjacent to the two major South American cratons, Amazonia and Río de la Plata. The opening of the Iapetus Ocean separated Laurentia from Baltica, Amazonia, and Río de la Plata. A 2022 paper argues that Pannotia never fully existed, reinterpreting the geochronological evidence: "the supposed landmass had begun to break up well before it was fully assembled". However, the assembly of the next supercontinent Pangaea is well established.
Super Optimal Broth
Super Optimal Broth (SOB medium) is a nutrient-rich bacterial growth medium used for microbiological culture, generally of Escherichia coli. This nutrient-rich microbial broth contains peptides, amino acids, water soluble vitamins and glucose in a low-salt formulation. It was developed by Douglas Hanahan in 1983 and is an adjusted version of the commonly used LB medium (lysogeny broth). Growth of E. coli in SOB or SOC medium results in higher transformation efficiencies of plasmids.
SOC medium can also be used to regenerate Klebsiella oxytoca strains for the improved transformation efficiency.

Super Optimal broth with Catabolite repression (SOC) is SOB with glucose added to the culture medium as preferred carbon and energy source (i.e., rapidly metabolizable).

Broth
Broth, also known as bouillon (French pronunciation: [bujɔ̃] ⓘ), is a savory liquid made of water in which meat, fish, or vegetables have been simmered for a period of time. It can be eaten alone, but it is most commonly used to prepare other dishes, such as soups, gravies, and sauces.

Commercially prepared liquid broths are available, typically chicken, beef, fish, and vegetable varieties. Dehydrated broth in the form of bouillon cubes was commercialized beginning in the early 20th century.
Juraj of Topusko
Juraj of Topusko (Latin: Georgius; c. 1450–1498) was a Croatian Catholic priest who lived in the 15th century. Also known as Juraj of Steničnjak, the Cistercian bishop of Zagreb is best known for the missal he commissioned around 1495.

Archdiocese of Zagreb
The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Zagreb (Latin: Archidioecesis Metropolitae Zagrebiensis; Croatian: Zagrebačka nadbiskupija i metropolija) is the central Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Croatia, centered in the capital city Zagreb. It is the metropolitan see of Croatia, and the present archbishop is Dražen Kutleša.
It encompasses the northwestern continental areas of Croatia.
Small nucleolar RNA SNORD23
In molecular biology, Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD23 (also known as HBII-115) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

SNORD23 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the C (UGAUGA) and D (CUGA) box motifs. Most of the members of the C/D box family function in directing site-specific 2′-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.
This snoRNA is the human orthologue of mouse snoRNA MBII-115.
There is currently no predicted target RNA for SNORD23.

Methylation
Methylation, in the chemical sciences, is the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group. Methylation is a form of alkylation, with a methyl group replacing a hydrogen atom.  These terms are commonly used in chemistry, biochemistry, soil science, and biology.

In biological systems, methylation is catalyzed by enzymes; such methylation can be involved in modification of heavy metals, regulation of gene expression, regulation of protein function, and RNA processing. In vitro methylation of tissue samples is also a way to reduce some histological staining artifacts. The reverse of methylation is demethylation.
Yelverton P. King
Yelverton Peyton King (1794 – July 5, 1868) was an American lawyer, legislator, and diplomat from Georgia.

King was born in Greene County, Georgia about twelve miles outside Greensboro. He graduated from the University of Georgia and was admitted to the country bar at age 22. He was soon elected solicitor of the Ocmulgee circuit.  He also served in the Georgia General Assembly.

Col. Yeverton King was sent into the Cherokee Nation by the state of Georgia to remove gold miners who were digging for gold in 1830.

In 1851, he was appointed Chargé d'Affaires to New Granada by President Millard Fillmore, and resigned in April 1853 due to poor health.

King married Eliza F. Strain and had five children.  He died on July 5, 1868.

Greene County, Georgia
Greene County is a county located in the east central portion & the Lake country region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,915. The county seat is Greensboro. The county was created on February 3, 1786, and is named for Nathanael Greene, an American Revolutionary War major general.
Jesse Tyler Ferguson
Jesse Tyler Ferguson (born October 22, 1975) is an American actor. From 2009 to 2020, he portrayed Mitchell Pritchett on the sitcom Modern Family, for which he earned five consecutive nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series.

He is also known for his theatrical work, winning a Tony Award in 2022 for Best Featured Actor in a Play for Take Me Out, and originating the role of Leaf Coneybear in the original Broadway cast of The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee in 2006.

Ferguson made his Broadway debut in On the Town (1998), He has appeared in numerous productions of Shakespeare in the Park, acting in A Midsummer Night's Dream (2007), A Winter's Tale (2010), The Merchant of Venice (2010), The Tempest (2015), and Twelfth Night; or What You Will (2025).

In 2016, he starred on Broadway in Fully Committed, for which he won the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Solo Performance.

Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Solo Performance
The Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Solo Performance is an annual award presented by Drama Desk in recognition of achievements in the theatre across collective Broadway, off-Broadway and off-off-Broadway productions in New York City.

The category was first presented at the 1984 ceremony, when it was known as the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding One Person Show, suspended for 1988 and 1989, returning in 1990 as the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding One Person Show/Solo Performance. The current name was first introduced in 1994, but then shifted across the three names until locking on the current name in 1999.
Taraxacum kok-saghyz
Taraxacum kok-saghyz, often abbreviated as TKS and commonly referred to as the Kazakh dandelion, rubber root, or Russian dandelion, is a species of dandelion native to Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan, notable for its production of high-quality rubber. T. kok-saghyz was discovered in Kazakhstan in 1932 by Soviet scientists seeking a domestic source of rubber.

Weed control
Weed control is a type of pest control, which attempts to stop or reduce growth of weeds, especially noxious weeds, with the aim of reducing their competition with desired flora and fauna including domesticated plants and livestock, and in natural settings preventing non native species competing with native species.

Weed control is important in agriculture. Methods include hand cultivation with hoes, powered cultivation with cultivators, smothering with mulch, lethal wilting with high heat, burning, and chemical control with herbicides (weed killers).
David Schroeder (American football)
David M. Schroeder (born 1937) is an American former football coach.  He served as the head football coach at Sioux Falls College—now known as the University of Sioux Falls—from 1978 to 1982, Evangel College—now known as Evangel University—from 1983 to 1988, Lindenwood University from 1990 to 1991, and Westmar University from 1992 to 1995, compiling a career college football coaching record of 72–94–3.  Schroeder was the first head football coach at Lindenwood, serving for two seasons, from 1990 to 1991, and tallying a mark of 11–8–1.  He resigned from his post at Westmar in December 1995 to join his wife in St. Charles, Missouri. Schroeder graduated from Wisconsin State College–Stevens Point—now known as the University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point—with a bachelor's degree in 1964 and earned a master's degree at the Northern Michigan University in 1971.

Northern Michigan University
Northern Michigan University (Northern Michigan, Northern or NMU) is a public university in Marquette, Michigan, United States. It was established in 1899 by the Michigan Legislature as Northern State Normal School. In 1963, the state designated the school a university and gave it the current name. The university comprises five academic divisions, offering some 180 programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels. NMU's athletic teams are nicknamed the Wildcats and compete primarily in the NCAA Division II Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference.
Beauport Lake
The lac Beauport is a body of water located north of Quebec, surrounded by the municipality of Lac-Beauport, in the La Jacques-Cartier Regional County Municipality, in the region of Capitale-Nationale, in the province of Quebec, in Canada. It covers an area of 0.8 square kilometres (0.31 sq mi), at a maximum depth of 13 meters. The lake outlet flows into the Jaune River.

Lac Beauport is mainly supplied by the outlet of Lagueux and Tourbillon lakes and by the outlet of a small unidentified lake.

Lac Beauport is mainly served by the Chemin du Tour du Lac and some secondary roads for the needs of recreational tourism activities (especially vacationing) and forestry.

The surface of Lac Beauport is generally frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March; safe circulation on the ice is generally done from the end of December to the beginning of March.

Capitale-Nationale
Capitale-Nationale (French pronunciation: [kapital nɑsjɔnal]; English: National Capital region) is one of the 17 administrative regions of Quebec. It is anchored by the provincial capital, Quebec City, and is largely coextensive with that city's metropolitan area. It has a land area of 18,684.78 km2. It reported a total resident population of 757,950 as of the 2021 Canadian census, with Quebec City having 77.7 percent of the total.

It was established in 1966 as one of the original administrative regions of Quebec. Prior to January 2000, it was known as the Québec administrative region.
Titan (Fighting Fantasy book)
Titan: The Fighting Fantasy World is a book in the Fighting Fantasy series of children's role-playing gamebooks, first published by Puffin Books in 1986. Although credited to Steve Jackson and Ian Livingstone, it was actually written by Marc Gascoigne (credited as editor), although mostly based on locations, characters and events already described in other books in the series (including Jackson's and Livingstone's). It is written in the manner of an encyclopedia about the fantasy world of Titan, in which the majority of Fighting Fantasy gamebooks are set.

Puffin Books
Puffin Books is a longstanding children's imprint of the British publishers Penguin Books. Since the 1960s, it has been among the largest publishers of children's books in the UK and much of the English-speaking world. The imprint now belongs to Penguin Random House, a subsidiary of the German media conglomerate Bertelsmann.
1937 Memorial Cup
The 1937 Memorial Cup final was the 19th junior ice hockey championship of the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association (CAHA). The George Richardson Memorial Trophy champions Copper Cliff Redmen of the Northern Ontario Hockey Association in Eastern Canada competed against the Abbott Cup champions Winnipeg Monarchs of the Manitoba Junior Hockey League in Western Canada. This was the first Memorial Cup series to feature a best-of-five format. The games were held at Maple Leaf Gardens in Toronto, Ontario, Winnipeg won their second Memorial Cup, defeating Copper Cliff three games to one.

Eastern Canada
Eastern Canada (French: Est du Canada, also known as the Eastern provinces, Canadian East or the East) is generally considered to be the region of Canada south of Hudson Bay/Hudson Strait and east of Manitoba, consisting of the following provinces (from east to west): Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Quebec and Ontario.

Eastern Canada overlaps into other geographic regions; Ontario and Quebec, Canada's two largest provinces, define Central Canada, while the other provinces in Eastern Canada constitute Atlantic Canada. New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island are also known as the Maritime provinces.
Cervantes, Ilocos Sur
Cervantes, officially the Municipality of Cervantes (Ilocano: Ili ti Cervantes; Filipino: Bayan ng Cervantes), is a municipality in the province of Ilocos Sur, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 20,065 people.

The municipality is officially the Summer Capital of Ilocos Sur. It has a relatively cooler climate than most of lowland Ilocos Sur due to its topography and proximity to Mountain Province and Benguet. The municipality is home to the Bessang Pass Natural Monument.

Poblacion
Poblacion (from Spanish población, meaning "population"), sometimes abbreviated as Pob., is a term used in the Philippines to refer to the administrative center, downtown, old town, or commercial area of a city or municipality. It may consist of a single barangay or multiple barangays. Colloquially, the poblacion area is also referred to as the bayan (see also other definitions of bayan), plaza, or centro.
Tintin and the Temple of the Sun
Tintin and the Temple of the Sun (original title Tintin et le temple du soleil) is a 1969 animated film produced by Belvision Studios. A co-production between Belgium, France and Switzerland, it is an adaptation of Hergé's two-part Tintin adventure The Seven Crystal Balls and Prisoners of the Sun.

Captain Haddock
Captain Archibald Haddock (French: Capitaine Archibald Haddock) is a character in the comic book series The Adventures of Tintin. He is Tintin's best friend, a seafaring captain in the Merchant Navy or Merchant Marine, who was introduced in The Crab with the Golden Claws. Haddock was initially depicted as a weak and alcoholic character, but in later albums he became more respectable and genuinely heroic (notably in the seminal Tintin in Tibet, where he soberly volunteers his life to save his friend). Although when introduced Haddock has command of a freighter, in later volumes he is clearly retired. The Captain's coarse humanity and sarcasm acts as a counterpoint to Tintin's often implausible heroism; he is always quick with a dry comment whenever the boy reporter gets too idealistic.
Bolduc
Bolduc is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Blanche Bolduc (1906 or 1907 – 1998), Canadian folk artist

Dan Bolduc (born 1953), American ice hockey player

Don Bolduc (born 1962), American general and politician

Jean-Baptiste-Zacharie Bolduc (1818–1889), Canadian Jesuit

Joseph Bolduc (1847–1924), Canadian politician

La Bolduc (Mary Rose-Anna Bolduc née Travers, 1894–1941), Canadian singer and musician

Nicolas Bolduc (born 1973), cinematographer

Roch Bolduc (born 1928), Canadian politician

Samuel Bolduc (born 2000), Canadian ice hockey player

Yves Bolduc (born 1957), Canadian politician and doctor

Zachary Bolduc (born 2003), Canadian ice hockey player

Yves Bolduc
Yves Bolduc (born March 6, 1957, in Alma, Quebec) is a Canadian doctor and politician in the province of Quebec. He was named the new Minister of Health and Social Services of Quebec on June 25, 2008, succeeding Philippe Couillard who resigned on the same day following five years as Minister for that portfolio. and was member of the National Assembly of Quebec of the Quebec City riding of Jean-Talon. He is a member of the Quebec Liberal Party.
Epipsocidae
Epipsocidae is an insect family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha, that includes, among others, the genera Bertkauia, Epipsocus, Epipsocopsis, Goja, and the New Guinean endemic Dicropsocus. It includes 16 genera with more than 140 species. The only European species in the family is the (almost always) apterous Bertkauia lucifuga. Like the other members of the infraorder Epipsocetae, they have a labrum with two sclerotized ridges. Epipsocids are barklice found primarily in tropical regions, and one of their distinguishing characteristics is the hairy ventral surface of the forewing.

Insect mouthparts
Insects have mouthparts that may vary greatly across insect species, as they are adapted to particular modes of feeding. The earliest insects had chewing mouthparts. Most specialisation of mouthparts are for piercing and sucking, and this mode of feeding has evolved a number of times independently. For example, mosquitoes (which are true flies) and aphids (which are true bugs) both pierce and suck, though female mosquitoes feed on animal blood whereas aphids feed on plant fluids.
Tim Butler (politician)
Timothy J. Butler (born March 20, 1967) was a Republican member of the Illinois House of Representatives representing the 87th district since March 3, 2015. The 87th district includes all or portions of Sangamon, Menard, Logan and Tazewell counties in Central Illinois.

Sangamon County, Illinois
Sangamon County is a county located near the center of the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 196,343. Its county seat and largest city is Springfield, the state capital.

Sangamon County is included in the Springfield, IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Planisphere
In astronomy, a planisphere (/ˈpleɪ.nɪˌsfɪər, ˈplæn.ɪ-/) is a star chart analog computing instrument in the form of two adjustable disks that rotate on a common pivot. It can be adjusted to display the visible stars for any time and date. It is an instrument to assist in learning how to recognize stars and constellations. The astrolabe, an instrument that has its origins in  Hellenistic astronomy, is a predecessor of the modern planisphere.
The term planisphere contrasts with armillary sphere, where the celestial sphere is represented by a three-dimensional framework of rings.

Celestial sphere
In astronomy and navigation, the celestial sphere is an abstract sphere that has an arbitrarily large radius and is concentric to Earth. All objects in the sky can be conceived as being projected upon the inner surface of the celestial sphere, which may be centered on Earth or the observer. If centered on the observer, half of the sphere would resemble a hemispherical screen over the observing location.

The celestial sphere is a conceptual tool used in spherical astronomy to specify the position of an object in the sky without consideration of its linear distance from the observer. The celestial equator divides the celestial sphere into northern and southern hemispheres.
Narodna misao
Narodna misao (Serbian Cyrillic: Народна мисао, English: "People's Thought") was a short-lived Montenegrin weekly political newspaper, founded and published in the town of Nikšić, by members of People's Party, as the official gazette of the party that advocated the unification of Montenegro and Serbia and overthrow of the Petrovic-Njegos dynasty.

The newspaper began its publication on 3 September 1906. Among the founders and owners of the "Narodna misao" were politicians Andrija Radović and Marko Radulović, both formerly Prime Ministers of Montenegro. The newspaper was abolished in November 1907, with the intervention of the new Royalist True People's Party-led government.

Andrija Radović
Andrija Radović (Serbian Cyrillic: Андрија Радовић; 1872–1947) was a Montenegrin politician and statesmen, former Prime Minister and leader of the People's and then Democratic Party, fighter for parliamentary democracy and chief proponent of Montenegro's unification with Serbia.
2015 Australian Mixed Doubles Curling Championships
The 2015 Australian Mixed Doubles Curling Championships was held from October 1 to 4, 2015 at the Naseby Curling Club in Naseby, New Zealand. The winners of this championship were represent Australia at the 2016 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship.

At the same time 2015 Junior, Mixed Doubles, and Senior Australian National Championships were held at the Naseby Curling Club.

2016 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship
The 2016 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship was held from April 16 to 23 at the Karlstad Curling Arena in Karlstad, Sweden. The event was held in conjunction with the 2016 World Senior Curling Championships.
Shilavo (woreda)
Shilavo (Somali: Shilaabo) is one of the woredas in the Somali Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Korahe Zone Shilavo is bordered on the southwest by the Gode Zone, on the west by Debeweyin, on the northwest by Kebri Dahar, on the northeast by the Werder Zone, and on the southeast by Somalia. The major settlement in Shilavo is Shilavo.

Shabelle Zone
Shabelle is one of nine Zones of the Somali Region of Ethiopia. It was previously known as Gode (Somali: Godey, Arabic: غودي), so named after its largest city, Gode. Shabelle is bordered on the west by Afder, on the north by Fiq, on the northeast by Korahe. On the south it borders the Provisional Administrative Line of Somalia along the borders of the Hirshabelle and Galmudug federal states.
Gulf of Lion
The Gulf of Lion or Gulf of Lions is a wide embayment of the Mediterranean coastline of Catalonia in Spain with Languedoc-Roussillon and Provence in France, extending from Begur in the west to Toulon in the east.

The chief port on the gulf is Marseille. Toulon is another important port. The fishing industry in the gulf is based on hake (Merluccius merluccius), being bottom-trawled, long-lined and gill-netted and currently declining from overfishing.

Rivers that empty into the gulf include the Tech, Têt, Aude, Orb, Hérault, Vidourle, and the Rhône.

The continental shelf is exposed here as a wide coastal plain, and the offshore terrain slopes rapidly to the Mediterranean's abyssal plain. Much of the coastline is composed of lagoons and salt marsh.

This is the area of the cold, blustery winds called the Mistral and the Tramontane.

Têt (river)
The Têt (French: [tɛt] ⓘ; Catalan: Tet [ˈtɛt]) is the largest river in Pyrénées-Orientales, southwestern France. It is 115 kilometres (71 mi) long. The Têt has  its source at the foot of the Puig de la Cometa de l'Espagne in the Carlit massif in the eastern Pyrenees. It crosses the Pyrénées-Orientales département (Northern Catalonia) from West to East and ends in the Mediterranean Sea, near Perpignan (Catalan: Perpinyà).

A staircase of fluvial terraces of the Têt along the length of the valley has been studied in detail.