hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glenn Lewis
Glennon Ricketts Jr. (born March 13, 1975), professionally known as Glenn Lewis, is a Canadian neo soul singer–songwriter. Lewis earned a Grammy Award nomination in 2004 and has also won a Juno Award out of a total of six nominations.

Singer-songwriter
A singer-songwriter is a musician who writes, composes, and performs their own musical material, including lyrics and melodies. In the United States, the category is built on the folk-acoustic tradition with a guitar, although this role has transmuted through different eras of popular music. Traditionally, these musicians would write and sing songs personal to them. Singer-songwriters often provide the sole musical accompaniment to an entire song. The piano is also an instrument of choice.
Beckum Hills
The Beckum Hills (German: Beckumer Berge), named after the town of Beckum, are a range of low hills, up to  174.4 m above sea level (NN), in the region of Münsterland in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany). Along with the Baumberge and its foothills and the Haltern Hills they are among the few prominent elevations in the otherwise gently rolling Münsterland (which lies at 55 m above NN in the centre), the River Werse passes the ridge at 100 m to the east and the Lippe passing it at a height of 60 m near Hamm-Uentrop at some distance away from their highest point.

In terms of natural regions the Beckum Hills belong to the Kernmünsterland, being located in the southeast of that region.

Hamm, North Rhine-Westphalia
Hamm (German pronunciation: [ham] ⓘ, Latin: Hammona) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in the northeastern part of the Ruhr area. As of 2016 its population was 179,397. The city is situated between the A1 motorway and A2 motorway. Hamm railway station is an important hub for rail transport and renowned for its distinctive station building.
Peter Fidler
Peter Fidler (16 August 1769 – 17 December 1822) was a British surveyor, map-maker, fur trader and explorer who had a long career in the employ of the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) in what later became Canada. He was born in Bolsover, Derbyshire, England and died at Fort Dauphin in present-day Manitoba. He married Mary (Methwewin) Mackagonne, a Cree woman, and together they had 14 children.

Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.
Maria Durhuus
Maria Staghøj Durhuus (born 25 September 1977) is a Danish politician and member of the Folketing, the national legislature. A Social Democrat, she has represented Greater Copenhagen since November 2022.

Durhuus was born on 25 September 1977 in Ringkøbing. She is the daughter of Hans Arne Staghøj and educator Lilian Steffensen. She was educated at Thisted Gymnasium og HF and studied nursing. She was a nurse at various establishments from 2006 to 2019. She worked for Copenhagen City Council's Thorupgården housing scheme from 2020 to 2022. She was a member of the municipal council in Hvidovre Municipality from 2013 to 2022.

Durhuus has four sons.

Ringkøbing
Ringkøbing (older spelling Ringkjøbing) is a town in Ringkøbing-Skjern Municipality in Region Midtjylland on the west coast of the Jutland peninsula in west Denmark. It has a population of 9,830 (1 January 2025).
Bangladesh at the Islamic Solidarity Games
Bangladesh has competed at every celebration of the Islamic Solidarity Games. Its athletes have won a total of 13 medals (1 gold, 4 silver, and 8 bronze).
Most medals won in a single tournament was in 2025 Islamic Solidarity Games and 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games with 3 combined medals, and most gold medals in an Edition was 1 gold medal in the 2017 Islamic Solidarity Games.

2025 Islamic Solidarity Games
The 2025 Islamic Solidarity Games (Arabic: ألعاب التضامن الإسلامي 2025), officially the 6th Islamic Solidarity Games (Arabic: دورة ألعاب التضامن الإسلامي السادسة) and also known as Riyadh 2025 (Arabic: الرياض 2025), was a inter-continental multi-sport event organised by the Islamic Solidarity Sports Association (ISSA), which holds from 7 to 21 November 2025 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

The event returns to its regular four-year cycle, following the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games in Konya, Turkey, which were postponed to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Scottish Six Days Trial
The Scottish Six Days Trial is an internationally recognised Motorcycle trials competition, which has been running since 1909 (with breaks for the two world wars) making it the oldest motorcycle trials event in the world. Motorcycle riders from all over the world compete in this extreme sport, covering as much as 100 miles a day on road and off-road routes around Lochaber on each of the six days. The event is a trial of the skill, consistency and endurance of the riders, as well as a test of the specialised motorcycles used.

Extreme sport
Action sports, adventure sports or extreme sports are activities perceived as involving a high degree of risk of injury or death. These activities often involve speed, height, a high level of physical exertion and highly specialized gear. Extreme tourism overlaps with extreme sport. The two share the same main attraction, "adrenaline rush" caused by an element of risk, and differ mostly in the degree of engagement and professionalism.
Winibald
Winibald (Winebald, Winnibald, Wunebald, Wynbald) (c. 702 - 18 December 761) was abbot of the Benedictine double monastery of Heidenheim am Hahnenkamm.  Traditionally, he is called the brother of Willibald and Walpurga.

Heidenheim, Bavaria
Heidenheim (German pronunciation: [ˈhaɪdn̩ˌhaɪm] ⓘ) is a market town in central-western Bavaria, in southern Germany. It is sometimes known as Heidenheim am Hahnenkamm to avoid confusion with nearby Heidenheim an der Brenz in Baden-Württemberg.
Angelicin
Angelicin is the parent compound in a family of naturally occurring organic compounds known as the angular furanocoumarins. Structurally, it can be considered as benzapyra-2-one fused with a furan moiety in the 7,8-position. Angelicin is commonly found in certain Apiaceae and Fabaceae plant species such as Bituminaria bituminosa. It has a skin permeability coefficient (LogKp) of -2.46. The maximum absorption is observed at 300 nm. The 1HNMR spectrum is available; the infrared and mass spectra of angelicin can be found in this database. The sublimation of angelicin occurs at 120 °C and the pressure of 0.13 Pa. Angelicin is a coumarin.

Coumarin
Coumarin (/ˈkuːmərɪn/) or 2H-chromen-2-one is an aromatic organic chemical compound with formula C9H6O2.  Its molecule can be described as a benzene molecule with two adjacent hydrogen atoms replaced by an unsaturated lactone ring −(CH)=(CH)−(C=O)−O−, forming a second six-membered heterocycle that shares two carbons with the benzene ring. It belongs to the benzopyrone chemical class and is considered a lactone.

Coumarin is a colorless crystalline solid with a sweet odor resembling the scent of vanilla and a bitter taste. It is found in many plants, where it may serve as a chemical defense against predators. While coumarin is not an anticoagulant, its 3-alkyl-4-hydroxy derivatives, such as the fungal metabolite dicoumarol, inhibit synthesis of vitamin K, a key component in blood clotting. A related compound, the prescription drug anticoagulant warfarin, is used to inhibit formation of blood clots, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism.
Manoppello
Manoppello (Abruzzese: Manuppèlle) is a comune in Abruzzo, in the province of Pescara, south-eastern Italy.

It is famous for having a church which contains an image on a thin byssus veil, a sudarium, known as the Holy Face of Manoppello and which has been reputed to be identical to the Veil of Veronica.

Other sights include is the Romanesque abbey of Santa Maria Arabona.

Neapolitan language
Neapolitan (autonym: ('o n)napulitano [(o n)napuliˈtɑːnə]; Italian: napoletano) is a Romance language of the Southern Italo-Romance group spoken in most of continental Southern Italy. It is named after the Kingdom of Naples, which once covered most of the area, and the city of Naples was its capital. On 14 October 2008, a law by the Region of Campania stated that Neapolitan was to be protected.

While the language group is native to much of continental Southern Italy or the former Kingdom of Naples, the terms Neapolitan, napulitano or napoletano may also instead refer more narrowly to the specific variety spoken natively in the city of Naples and the immediately surrounding Naples metropolitan area and Campania region. The present article mostly deals with this variety, which enjoys a certain degree of prestige and has historically wide written attestations.
Jakob Rypdal
Jakob Rypdal (19 July 1926 – 6 December 2015) was a Norwegian triple jumper.

He hailed from Tresfjord Municipality and represented the small, local sports club Tresfjord IL. He competed at the 1958 European Athletics Championships without reaching the final, and also won the World Masters Athletics Championships once and several European Masters Athletics Championships. Domestically, Rypdal became Norwegian champion in 1953, 1954, 1955 and 1957.

His personal best jump was 15.06 metres, achieved in 1960. He also had 6,86 in the long jump, achieved in the same year.

Tresfjord Municipality
Tresfjord is former municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1899 until its dissolution in 1964. It encompassed about 193.3 square kilometres (74.6 sq mi) in the southern part of the present-day Vestnes Municipality. The municipality included the Skorgedalen valley and the area surrounding both sides of the southern half of the Tresfjorden. The village of Tresfjord was the administrative centre of the municipality, and it was the location of Tresfjord Church, the main church for the municipality.

Prior to its dissolution in 1963, the 193.3-square-kilometre (74.6 sq mi) municipality was the 378th largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Tresfjord Municipality was the 559th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 1,341. The municipality's population density was 6.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (18/sq mi) and its population had increased by 1.1% over the previous 10-year period.
1961 Edmonton municipal election
In Alberta, Canada, the 1961 municipal election was held October 18, 1961 to elect a mayor and five aldermen to sit on Edmonton City Council and four trustees to sit on each of the public and separate school boards.  The electorate also decided six plebiscite questions.

There were ten aldermen on city council, but five of the positions were already filled: Frederick John Mitchell, George Prudham, Morris Weinlos, Ethel Wilson, and Milton Lazerte were all elected to two-year terms in 1960 and were still in office.

There were seven trustees on the public school board, but three of the positions were already filled: Warren Edward (Ted) Smith, John Andrews, and Shirley Forbes were elected to two-year terms in 1960 and were still in office.  The same was true on the separate board, where Leo Lemieux, Edward Stack, and John Barbeau were continuing.

George Prudham
William George Prudham, PC (February 27, 1904 – August 24, 1974) was a Canadian politician.

Born in Kilbride (now Burlington), Ontario, he moved to Alberta as a young man and was elected to the House of Commons of Canada representing the riding of Edmonton West in the 1949 federal election. A Liberal, he was re-elected in 1953. In 1950, he was the Parliamentary Assistant to the Minister of Resources and Development. From 1950 to 1957, he served as the Minister of Mines and Technical Surveys in the ministry led by Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent. He did not seek re-election in 1957. After he stepped down from federal politics, Prudham served as an alderman on Edmonton City Council from 1959 to 1963.
Comparison of professional wrestling and mixed martial arts
Professional wrestling and mixed martial arts (also known as MMA) both combine grappling and strikes. In MMA, fights are competitions, in contrast to professional wrestling where the outcomes and moves performed are often scripted or predetermined. Despite this difference, several people have competed in both professional wrestling and MMA.

Grappling
Grappling is a fighting technique based on throws, trips, sweeps, clinch fighting, ground fighting and submission holds.

Grappling contests often involve takedowns and ground control, and may end when a contestant concedes defeat. Should there be no winner after the match time-limit has lapsed, competition judges will determine the winner based on who exerted more control.

Grappling most commonly does not include striking or the use of weapons. However, some fighting styles or martial arts known especially for their grappling techniques teach tactics that include strikes and weapons either alongside grappling or combined with it.
Pocahontas (train)
The Pocahontas (or the Pokey for short) was a named overnight passenger train, operated by the Norfolk and Western Railway (N&W) in the United States. It made its inaugural operation on November 21, 1926, with two trains; Nos. 3 and 4, which both ran 676 miles (1,088 km) daily at night on the N&W mainline between Norfolk, Virginia, and Cincinnati, Ohio, with a through-connection to and from Chicago, Illinois. The Pocahontas replaced an earlier passenger train called the Norfolk-Chicago Express, which bears the same train numbers.

Lists of named passenger trains
In the history of rail transport, dating back to the 19th century, there have been hundreds of named passenger trains. These have been organized into lists by geographical region. Trains with numeric names are spelled out. For example, the 20th Century Limited is listed as "Twentieth Century Limited".

Named trains are sometimes identified through a train headboard, drumhead, lettering on the locomotive or passenger cars, or a combination of these methods.
Selcall
Selcall (selective calling) is a type of squelch protocol used in radio communications systems, in which transmissions include a brief burst of sequential audio tones. Receivers that are set to respond to the transmitted tone sequence will open their squelch, while others will remain muted.

Selcall is a radio signalling protocol mainly in use in Europe, Asia, Australia and New Zealand, and continues to be incorporated in radio equipment marketed in those areas.

Squelch
In telecommunications, squelch is a circuit function that acts to suppress the audio (or video) output of a receiver in the absence of a strong input signal. Essentially, squelch is a specialized type of noise gate designed to suppress weak signals. Squelch is used in two-way radios and VHF/UHF radio scanners to eliminate the sound of noise when the radio is not receiving a desired transmission.
Brian J. Aungst, Sr.
Brian J. Aungst Sr. (born January 22, 1954) is a Florida politician and retired communications executive who serves as mayor of Clearwater, the second-largest city in Pinellas County on Florida’s west coast and the 18th largest in Florida. Aungst has held the office since April 2023 and previously served as Clearwater mayor from 1999 to 2005. His tenures have been marked by a focus on economic development and civic engagement.

Clearwater, Florida
Clearwater is a city in and the county seat of Pinellas County, Florida, United States, west of Tampa and north of St. Petersburg. To the west of Clearwater lies the Gulf of Mexico and to the southeast lies Tampa Bay. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 117,292. It is the smallest of the three principal cities in the Tampa–St. Petersburg–Clearwater metropolitan area, most commonly referred to as the Tampa Bay area.

Clearwater Beach is part of the city of Clearwater, but is separated from it by the Intracoastal Waterway. Cleveland Street is one of the city's historic avenues, and the city includes BayCare Ballpark and Coachman Park.

The Church of Scientology owns the majority of property in the Clearwater downtown core district.
Neighbourhood Watch (United Kingdom)
Neighbourhood Watch in the United Kingdom is the largest voluntary crime prevention movement covering England and Wales with upwards of 2.3 million household members. The charity brings neighbours together to create strong, friendly and active communities in which crime can be tackled. Neighbourhood Watch Network is the umbrella organisation supported by the Home Office to support Neighbourhood Watch groups and individuals across England and Wales.

Neighbourhood Watch groups work in partnership with the police, corporate companies with aligned values, voluntary organisations and individuals who want to improve their communities. Neighbourhood Watch aims to help people protect themselves and their properties and to reduce the fear of crime by means of improved home security, greater vigilance, accurate reporting of suspicious incidents and fostering a community spirit as well as tackling new forms of crime such as cybercrime.

Community spirit
Community spirit finds expression in individual or group activities in which members of a community choose to engage for the benefit of that community. These activities may be locally organised, or informal and spontaneous.
Athari (surname)
Athari is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aristotle Athari (born 1991), American actor and comedian

Farzan Athari (born 1984), Iranian-Swedish model, actor, and TV host

Mashallah ibn Athari (c. 740–815), Persian astrologer, astronomer, and mathematician

Mashallah ibn Athari
Māshāʾallāh ibn Atharī (Persian: ماشاءالله ابن اثری یهودی; c. 740 – 815), known as Mashallah, was an 8th-century Persian Jewish astrologer, astronomer, and mathematician. Originally from Khorasan, he lived in Basra (in present-day Iraq) during the reigns of the Abbasid caliphs al-Manṣūr and al-Ma’mūn, and was among those who introduced astrology and astronomy to Baghdad. The bibliographer ibn al-Nadim described Mashallah "as virtuous and in his time a leader in the science of jurisprudence, i.e. the science of judgments of the stars". Mashallah served as a court astrologer for the Abbasid caliphate and wrote works on astrology in Arabic. Some Latin translations survive.

The Arabic phrase mā shā’ Allāh indicates a believer's acceptance of God's ordainment of good or ill fortune. His name is probably an Arabic rendering of the Hebrew Shiluh. Al-Nadim writes Mashallah's name as Mīshā ("Yithru" or "Jethro").

The crater Messala on the Moon is named after Mashallah.
William Stock
William Stock, D.D. was an English priest and academic.

Stock was born in Herefordshire. A Fellow of Brasenose College, Oxford, he was the first Principal of  Gloucester Hall and the third president of St Johns. He held Livings at Sherborne, Gloucestershire, Minety, Marston Sicca, Crick, Northamptonshire, Ilmington, Freckenham, Idlicote, Northampton St. Peter and, Upton St. Michael. He died in 1607.

Minety
Minety (/'maɪn.tiː/) is a village in north Wiltshire, England, between Malmesbury – 6 miles (9.7 km) to the west – and Swindon. It takes its name from the water mint plant found growing in ditches around the village, and has previously been known as Myntey. It has a primary school and a successful rugby club.
Ozzie Sweet
Ozzie Sweet (Oscar Cowan Corbo; September 10, 1918 in Stamford, Connecticut – February 20, 2013 in York Harbor, Maine) was a sports photographer whose best work in photography was in creating an image, not capturing one. According to the New York Times, "Sweet's signature images from the 1940s through the 1950s and into the 1960s, many in the fierce hues of increasingly popular color film that emulated the emergent Technicolor palette of American movies, helped define — visually, anyway — an era."

York Harbor, Maine
York Harbor is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of York in York County, Maine, United States. The population was 3,033 at the 2010 census. York Harbor is a distinguished former Gilded Age summer colony noted for its resort architecture. It is part of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Paul Rice Camp
Paul Rice Camp (December 29, 1919 – January 9, 2012) was an American academic and a professor of physics at the University of Maine. Camp's research focus lay in solid-state physics. He was particularly interested in the surface growth of ice.

Solid-state physics
Solid-state physics is the study of rigid matter, or solids, through methods such as solid-state chemistry, quantum mechanics, crystallography, electromagnetism, and metallurgy. It is the largest branch of condensed matter physics. Solid-state physics studies how the large-scale properties of solid materials result from their atomic-scale properties. Thus, solid-state physics forms a theoretical basis of materials science. Along with solid-state chemistry, it also has direct applications in the technology of transistors and semiconductors.
Julia Dolly Joiner
Julia Dolly Joiner (born November 11, 1956 Banjul, Gambia) is a Gambian politician. She is Commissioner of Political Affairs for the African Union, based in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. From September 1994 until June 1995, Joiner served as Deputy Permanent Secretary for Gambia's Ministry of Youth, Sport, and Culture for the Gambia, then acted as Permanent Secretary for the Ministry of External Affairs for the following year (June 1995 to November 1996).

In December 1998, she was appointed Permanent Secretary to the Office of the President, then Head of the Gambian Civil Service in 1999.  From January 1999 to December 1999, she also acted as Secretary to the Cabinet. In 2003, she was appointed Commissioner of Political Affairs for the African Union. In 2015, she was an election observer for the African Union in the Seychelles presidential election.

Political Affairs (magazine)
Political Affairs Magazine was a monthly Marxist publication, originally published in print and later online only. It aimed to provide an analysis of events from a working class point of view. The magazine was a publication of the Communist Party USA and was founded in 1944 upon the closure of its predecessor, The Communist, which was founded in 1927. Well-known editors of Political Affairs Magazine included V. J. Jerome, Gus Hall, Hyman Lumer, Herbert Aptheker, Gerald Horne, and Joe Sims. Other editors included Max Weiss. In 2016, the magazine stopped publishing articles and merged with People's World.
Bill Lynn
William Henry Lynn (August 22, 1921 – April 30, 2000) was an American Negro league pitcher in the 1940s.

A native of Cleveland County, North Carolina, Lynn attended North Carolina A&T State University and played for the Homestead Grays in 1943. He died in Bronx, New York in 2000 at age 78.

Homestead Grays
The Homestead Grays (also known as Washington Grays or Washington Homestead Grays) were a professional baseball team that played in the Negro leagues in the United States.

The team was formed in 1912 by Cumberland Posey, and remained in continuous operation for 38 seasons. The team was originally based in Homestead, Pennsylvania, adjacent to Pittsburgh.  By the 1920s, with increasing popularity in the Pittsburgh region, the team retained the name "Homestead" but crossed the Monongahela River to play all home games in Pittsburgh, at the Pittsburgh Pirates' home Forbes Field and the Pittsburgh Crawfords' home Greenlee Field.

From 1940 until 1942, the Grays played half of their home games in Washington, D.C., while remaining in Pittsburgh for all other home stands. As attendance at their games in the nation's capital grew, by 1943, the Grays were playing more than two-thirds of their home games in Washington.