hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward Lytton Wheeler
Edward Lytton Wheeler (1854/5 – 1885) was a nineteenth century American writer of dime novels. One of his most famous characters is the Wild West rascal Deadwood Dick. His stories of the west mixed fictional characters with real-life personalities of the era, including Calamity Jane and Sitting Bull.

Dime novel
The dime novel is a form of late 19th-century and early 20th-century American popular fiction issued in series of inexpensive paperbound editions. The term dime novel has been used as a catchall term for several different but related forms, referring to story papers, five- and ten-cent weeklies, "thick book" reprints, and sometimes early pulp magazines. Dime novels are similar in form and content to British penny dreadfuls and story papers, which were produced at the same time.

The term was used as a title as late as 1940, in the short-lived pulp magazine Western Dime Novels. In the modern age, the term dime novel has been used to refer to quickly written, lurid potboilers, usually as a pejorative to describe a sensationalized but superficial literary work.
Henrique Pizzolato
Henrique Pizzolato (born 9 September 1952) is a former union leader in Brazil associated with the Workers Party (Portuguese: Partido dos Trabalhadores, PT), with electoral base in the state of Paraná. He was also director of the Bank of Brazil and president of the Bank of Union's Employees  in Toledo (Paraná) and the CUT in the same state.

Pizzolato was denounced and condemned for bribery, embezzlement and money laundering in 2005. as a defendant in the proceedings in the Mensalão scandal case. He was the only one of those found guilty and sentenced to jail terms in the trial who did not turn himself in. On 5 February 2014, Pizzolato was arrested in Italy.

Banco do Brasil
Banco do Brasil S.A. (pronounced [ˈbɐ̃ku du bɾaˈziw], lit. 'Bank of Brazil') is a Brazilian financial services company headquartered in Brasília, Brazil. The oldest bank in Brazil, and among the oldest banks in continuous operation in the world, it was founded by John VI, King of Portugal, on Wednesday, 12 October 1808. It is the second largest banking institution in Brazil, as well as the second largest in Latin America. Banco do Brasil is controlled by the Brazilian government and is listed at the B3 stock exchange in São Paulo.

It has been one of the four most profitable Brazilian banks since 2000 (along with Itaú Unibanco, Banco Bradesco and Banco Santander) and holds a strong leadership position in retail banking.
Tolka Row
Tolka Row is an Irish television drama serial that aired on RTE One from 1964 to 1968, set in a fictional housing estate on the northside of Dublin. Based on Maura Laverty's play of the same name, Tolka Row was first broadcast on 3 January 1964 and aired weekly for five series until it ended on 31 May 1968.

As Telefís Éireann's first venture into drama serials, Tolka Row quickly became a staple of the new station's schedule and set the pace for all future home-produced serials. Its popularity also resulted in the station developing a second drama serial, The Riordans, in 1965.

Tolka Row is similar in format to the long-running British serial Coronation Street, from which it borrows its main premise (the everyday life of a number of neighbours). The programme was centred on the Nolans, a typical working-class Dublin family, and their neighbours, the Feeneys. All episodes were filmed in a studio at Telefís Éireann's Television Centre in Donnybrook, Dublin.

Northside, Dublin
The Northside (Irish: Taobh Ó Thuaidh) in an informal but commonly used term to describe the part of the city of Dublin that lies to the north of the River Liffey, and extending into part of North County Dublin. The part outside the city is within the county of Fingal, a local government area established in 1994. While it is sometimes regarded as less wealthy than the city's Southside, the Northside was originally the home of the city's upper classes and the more privileged of the two. Today, some of the wealthiest areas in Ireland, such as Malahide, Howth, Clontarf, and Castleknock, lie north of the river.
Knock-down kit
A knock-down kit (also knockdown kit, knocked-down kit, or simply knockdown or KD) is a collection of parts required to assemble a product. The parts are typically manufactured in one country or region, and then exported to another country or region for final assembly. CBU, on the other hand, stands for "Completely Built Up" and signifies import of a finished product.

Import
Import is the activity within international trade which involves buying and receiving goods and services produced in another country. An importer is a person, organization or country receiving imported goods which have been exported from another country. Importation and exportation are the defining financial transactions of international trade. The seller of such goods and services is called an exporter.

In international trade, the importation and exportation of goods are limited by import quotas and mandates from the customs authority. The importing and exporting jurisdictions may impose a tariff (tax) on the goods. In addition, the importation and exportation of goods are subject to trade agreements between the importing and exporting jurisdictions.
Blackridge Wilderness
Blackridge Wilderness is a 13,108-acre (5,305 ha) wilderness area in the state of Utah. It was designated March 30, 2009, as part of the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009.  Located adjacent to the Kolob Canyons section of Zion National Park, it protects a Black Ridge, formed by the Hurricane Fault, as well as a long stretch of LaVerkin Creek, a tributary of the Wild and Scenic Virgin River. Blackridge Wilderness is bordered by the Zion Wilderness to the northeast.

Hurricane Fault
The Hurricane Fault is an intracrustal seismic fault that runs along the boundary between the Colorado Plateau block and the Basin and Range geologic province of western North America. It is a 250-km-long, north–south striking, high-angle, down-to-the-west normal fault, running from about Cedar City, Utah southward into northwestern Arizona.  The fault is named for the community of Hurricane.

The 1992 St. George earthquake (magnitude 5.8), which triggered a damaging landslide, has been attributed to the Hurricane Fault.
Julimes
Julimes   is a town and seat of the municipality of Julimes, in the northern Mexican state of Chihuahua. As of 2010, the town of Julimes had a population of 1,795, up from 1,756 as of 2005.

The community is adjacent to the east bank of a north-flowing section of the Rio Conchos.

Administrative divisions of Mexico
Mexico is a federal republic composed of 32 federative entities (Spanish: entidades federativas): 31 states and Mexico City. According to the Constitution of Mexico, the states of the federation are free and sovereign in all matters concerning their internal affairs. Since 2016, Mexico City has been a fully autonomous entity on par with the states. Each state federative entity has its own congress and constitution.
The Joan Baez Lovesong Album
The Joan Baez Lovesong Album is a 1976 compilation of Joan Baez songs. Vanguard Records put it together as part of its Baez reissue series, after Baez left the label for A&M Records. The album is a collection of love songs, including traditional and contemporary work, as well as an arrangement of E. E. Cummings' "All in Green My Love Went Riding" by Peter Schickele. The cover painting is by the painter and musician Eric Von Schmidt.

Vanguard Records
Vanguard Recording Society is an American record label set up in 1950 by brothers Maynard and Seymour Solomon in New York City. It was primarily a classical label during its peak in the 1950s and 1960s, but also has a catalogue of recordings by a number of pivotal jazz, folk, and blues musicians. The Bach Guild was a subsidiary label.

The label was acquired by Concord Bicycle Music in April 2015.
Saab Kockums
Saab Kockums AB is a shipyard headquartered in Malmö, Sweden, owned by the Swedish defence company Saab AB. Saab Kockums AB is further operational in Muskö, Docksta, and Karlskrona.  While having a history of civil vessel construction, Kockums' most renowned activity is the fabrication of military corvettes and submarines.

Kockums worked with Northrop Grumman and Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft (HDW) to offer a Visby-class corvette derivative in the American Focused Mission Vessel Study, a precursor to the Littoral Combat Ship program. It competed with several other concepts, including Norway's Skjold class (part of a Raytheon-led group).

Skjold-class corvette
Skjold-class corvettes (skjold means "shield" in Norwegian) are a class of six light, superfast, stealth missile corvettes in service with the Royal Norwegian Navy. The boats were formerly classed as MTBs (motor torpedo boats) but, from 2009, the Royal Norwegian Navy has described them as corvettes (korvett) because their seaworthiness is seen as comparable to corvettes, and because they do not carry torpedoes. They were built at the Umoe Mandal yard. With a maximum speed of 60 knots (110 km/h), the Skjold-class corvettes were the fastest combat ships afloat at the time of their introduction, as of 2023 beaten by the Abu Dhabi MAR WP-18 Interceptor.
Subsequent Nuremberg trials
The subsequent Nuremberg trials (also Nuremberg Military Tribunals; 1946–1949) were twelve military tribunals for war crimes committed by the leaders of Nazi Germany (1933–1945). The Nuremberg Military Tribunals occurred after the Nuremberg trials, held by the International Military Tribunal, which concluded in October 1946. The subsequent Nuremberg trials were held by U.S. military courts and dealt with the cases of crimes against humanity committed by the business community of Nazi Germany, specifically the crimes of using slave labor and plundering occupied countries, and the war-crime cases of Wehrmacht officers who committed atrocities against Allied prisoners of war, partisans, and guerrillas.

Military justice
Military justice (or military law) is the body of laws and procedures governing members of the armed forces. Many nation-states have separate and distinct bodies of law that govern the conduct of members of their armed forces.  Some states use special judicial and other arrangements to enforce those laws, while others use civilian judicial systems.  Legal issues unique to military justice include the preservation of good order and discipline, the legality of orders, and appropriate conduct for members of the military. Some states enable their military justice systems to deal with civil offenses committed by their armed forces in some circumstances.

Military justice is distinct from martial law, which is the imposition of military authority on a civilian population as a substitute for civil authority, and is often declared in times of emergency, war, or civil unrest. Most countries restrict when and in what manner martial law may be declared and enforced.
Ila Arun
Ila Arun is an Indian actress, TV personality and Rajasthani folk-pop singer known for her works in Hindi cinema, and Indian pop. She has appeared in many prominent Bollywood films  such as Lamhe, Jodhaa Akbar, Shaadi Ke Side Effects and Begum Jaan.

Indian pop
Indian pop music, also known as Indi-pop or I-pop, refers to pop music produced in India that is independent from filmi soundtracks for Indian cinema. Indian pop is closely linked to Bollywood, Tollywood,  Pollywood, Kollywood and the Asian Underground scene of the United Kingdom. The variety of South Asian music from different countries are generally known as Desi music.
5-Hydroxytryptophan
5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), used medically as oxitriptan, is a naturally occurring amino acid and chemical precursor as well as a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter serotonin.

5-HTP can be manufactured and used as a drug and supplement with the INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name oxitriptan. Brand names include Cincofarm, Levothym, Levotonine, Oxyfan, Telesol, Tript-OH, and Triptum. As a drug, it is used in the treatment of depression and for certain other indications.

Metabolic intermediate
Metabolic intermediates are compounds produced during the conversion of substrates (starting molecules) into final products in biochemical reactions within cells.

Although these intermediates are of relatively minor direct importance to cellular function, they can play important roles in the allosteric regulation of enzymes, glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and amino acid synthesis.

Metabolic pathways consist of a series of enzymatically catalyzed reactions where each step transforms a substrate into a product that serves as the substrate for the next reaction. Metabolic intermediates are compounds that form during these steps, and they are neither the starting substrate nor the final product of the pathway. These intermediates are crucial because they allow for regulation, energy storage, and extraction of chemical energy in a controlled manner.
Child Museum (Cairo)
The Children's Civilization and Creativity Center (Arabic: متحف الطفل بالقاهرة) is a children's museum in Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt, established in 1986. It was renovated twice in 1996 and in 2012. It is a large museum and cultural center covering 4,000 square meters in a 14 Feddan, 14.3 acre landscape. It was built by the Heliopolis Society for the benefit of all the children of Egypt. This work involved contributions from Egyptian and international museums and institutions.

The museum was designed by experts from Egypt, UK and the USA and built by museum specialists from all over the world who have contributed to the museum to assist children and young adults to learn through hands on exhibits, inter-actives, computer games, and a spectacular dome show exhibit that takes the visitor through the history of science in Egypt.

In May 2012 it won the UK's Museum and Heritage International Award.

Feddan
A feddan (Arabic: فدّان, romanized: faddān) is a unit of area used in Egypt, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, and Oman. In Classical Arabic, the word means 'a yoke of oxen', implying the area of ground that could be tilled by oxen in a certain time. In Egypt, the feddan is the only non-metric unit which remained in use following the adoption of the metric system. A feddan is divided into 24 kirat (Arabic: قيراط, qīrāt), with one kirat equalling 175 square metres.
You're a Sweetheart
You're a Sweetheart is a 1937 American musical film directed by David Butler and starring Alice Faye, George Murphy and Ken Murray. It was produced and distributed by Universal Pictures who had Alice Faye on loan from 20th Century Fox to headline the film. It was remade in 1943 under the title Cowboy in Manhattan.

You're a Sweetheart was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Art Direction by Jack Otterson.

Academy Award for Best Production Design
The Academy Award for Best Production Design recognizes achievement for art direction in film. The category's original name was Best Art Direction, but was changed to its current name in 2012 for the 85th Academy Awards. This change resulted from the Art Directors' branch of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) being renamed the Designers' branch. Since 1947, the award is shared with the set decorators. It is awarded to the best interior design in a film.

The films below are listed with their production year (for example, the 2000 Academy Award for Best Art Direction is given to a film from 1999). In the lists below, the winner of the award for each year is shown first, followed by the other nominees in alphabetical order.
Friends of Israel
There are many Friends of Israel groups active around the world and in a variety of fields, such as academic, legal, political, etc. Those with articles on Wikipedia include:

Friends of Israel Initiative, an international effort to counter the attempts to delegitimize the State of Israel and its right to live in peace within safe and defensible borders

Parliamentary groups in the United Kingdom that promote close ties between Britain and Israel:
Labour Friends of Israel
Conservative Friends of Israel
Liberal Democrat Friends of Israel

Friends of Israel in the Parliament of Norway

Northern Ireland Friends of Israel

European Friends of Israel

Anglican Friends of Israel

Friends of the Israel Defense Forces

Clerical Association of Friends of Israël or Opus sacerdotale Amici Israel, an association of Catholic priests (1926 – 1928)

Labour Friends of Israel
Labour Friends of Israel (LFI) is a group in the Parliament of the United Kingdom that advocates for Israel, which it considers the "historic homeland" of the Jewish people. LFI says it supports a two-state solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, with Israel recognised and secure within its borders, and the establishment of a viable Palestinian state. As of July 2020, it comprised around one quarter of the Parliamentary Labour Party.
Scarrow Beck
Scarrow Beck is a minor watercourse. The beck rises in the north of the English county of Norfolk. It is a tributary of the River Bure. Its spring is in the North Norfolk village of Aylmerton west of the main street. It eventually merges, after 7.7 miles (12.4 km) with the River Bure at Ingworth just north of the Blickling Hall estate. There are two watermills on the beck, both of which are no longer in working order. A third watermill (as well as a windmill) at Gresham
stands on Gur Beck, a small tributary of Scarrow Beck.

Blickling Hall
Blickling Hall is a Jacobean stately home situated in 5,000 acres (2,000 ha) of parkland in a loop of the River Bure, near the village of Blickling north of Aylsham in Norfolk, England. The mansion was built on the ruins of a Tudor building for Sir Henry Hobart from 1616 and designed by Robert Lyminge. The library at Blickling Hall contains one of the most historically significant collections of manuscripts and books in England, containing an estimated 13,000 to 14,000 volumes. The core collection was formed by Sir Richard Ellys. The property passed into the care of the National Trust in 1940.

Between 1499 and 1505, the property was in the possession of the Boleyn family.
House Copse
House Copse is a 12.5-hectare (31-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Crawley in West Sussex.

This ancient wood was formerly managed as hornbeam and small-leaved lime coppice with oak standards. There is limited ground flora in densely shaded areas, but the banks of a stream have more diverse flora, including dog’s mercury, wood avens, bugle and enchanter’s nightshade.

The site is private land with no public access.

Circaea
Circaea, or enchanter's nightshades, is a genus of flowering plants in the evening primrose family Onagraceae. About two dozen taxa have been described, including eight species. Plants of the genus occur throughout the temperate and boreal forests of the Northern Hemisphere. Three taxa occur in North America: Circaea alpina, Circaea canadensis, and the hybrid Circaea × sterilis. The generic name Circaea refers to the enchantress Circe from Greek mythology who is said to have used the herb as a charm.
Qala (film)
Qala (lit. 'Art') is a 2022 Indian Hindi-language period psychological drama film, written and directed by Anvita Dutt. The film is produced by Karnesh Sharma under Clean Slate Filmz and stars Tripti Dimri, Swastika Mukherjee, and Babil Khan in his film debut.

Qala was released on Netflix on 1 December 2022. It is loosely based on K. Viswanath's Swathi Kiranam, and Miloš Forman's Amadeus.

At the 2023 Filmfare OTT Awards, Qala received 6 nominations, including Best Web Original Film, Best Actress in a Web Original Film (Dimri) and Best Supporting Actress in a Web Original Film (Mukherjee), and won Best Production Design (Web Original Film) (Meenal Agarwal).

2023 Filmfare OTT Awards
2023 Filmfare OTT Awards, the fourth edition of awards presented to honour artistic and technical excellence in original programming on over-the-top streaming media in Hindi-language. Web original shows or films released across OTT platforms between 1 August 2022 and 31 July 2023 were eligible for Awards. Nominations were announced by Filmfare on 22 November 2023.

Jubilee led the ceremony with 17 nominations, followed by Gulmohar with 14 nominations, Rocket Boys (Season 2) with 13 nominations, and Darlings with 11 nominations.

Jubilee won 9 awards, including Best Director in a Drama Series (for Vikramaditya Motwane), thus becoming the most-awarded series at the ceremony.
Charles G. Yale
Charles Gregory Yale (1847 – 1926) was a businessman and yachtman, Secretary of the San Francisco Yacht Club and cofounder of the Pacific Inter-Club Yacht Association. With William C. Ralston, founder of the Bank of California, he cofounded the San Francisco Miners' Association, renewing interest in hydraulic mining. He was a leading mineralogist and geologist who worked for the U.S. Geological Survey, and became statistician of the San Francisco Mint.

He also wrote various articles and books on the mining and gold industry, and was candidate for mayor of Oakland, California, against Melvin C. Chapman.

Bohemian Club
The Bohemian Club is a private club with two locations: a city clubhouse in the Nob Hill district of San Francisco, California, and the Bohemian Grove, a retreat north of the city in Sonoma County. Founded in 1872 from a regular meeting of journalists, artists, and musicians, it soon began to accept businessmen and entrepreneurs as permanent members, as well as offering temporary membership to university presidents (notably Berkeley and Stanford) and military commanders who were serving in the San Francisco Bay Area. The bohemian grove has been the catalyst of many backdoor deals, including Reagan's 1981 cut to capital gains tax, 1983 social security cuts, and a lucrative rebuilding contract for the War in Iraq. Today, the club has a membership of many local and global leaders, including artists, musicians, businessmen, and politicians.  Membership remains restricted to men only.
Seiche (river)
The Seiche is a 97.3 km (60.5 mi) long river in western France located in the departments of Mayenne (Pays de la Loire) and Ille-et-Vilaine (Brittany). It is a left tributary of the river Vilaine. It flows into the Vilaine near Bruz, south of Rennes.

Brittany (administrative region)
Brittany (French: Bretagne [bʁətaɲ] ⓘ; Breton: Breizh [brɛjs]; Gallo: Bertaèyn [bəʁtaɛɲ]) is an administrative region of Metropolitan France, comprising the departments of Côtes-d'Armor, Finistère, Ille-et-Vilaine, and Morbihan. Its capital and largest city is Rennes.

Bordered by the English Channel to the north, the Celtic Sea to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) to the south, Brittany's neighboring regions are Normandy to the northeast and Pays de la Loire to the southeast. It is one of two regions in Metropolitan France where all departments have direct access to the sea, the other being Corsica.

The region of Brittany is sometimes referred to as "administrative Brittany" in contrast to "historical Brittany" or "cultural Brittany", which also includes the Loire-Atlantique and whose potential reunification with the administrative region has been a subject of debate for decades.
Petroleum pricing in Nova Scotia
Petroleum pricing in Nova Scotia is based on the Petroleum Products Pricing Act which governs the wholesale and minimum and maximum price of gasoline and diesel fuels that are authorized in Nova Scotia.

Harmonized sales tax
The harmonized sales tax (HST; French: taxe de vente harmonisée, TVH) is a consumption tax in Canada. It is used in provinces where both the federal goods and services tax (GST) and the regional provincial sales tax (PST) have been combined into a single value-added tax.