hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Organic photonics
Organic photonics is a subfield of photonics (the technical application of optics) in which light is manipulated via organic materials.

Fields within organic photonics include the liquid organic dye laser and organic solid-state dye lasers.  Materials used in solid-state dye lasers include:

laser dye-doped PMMA

laser dye-doped ormosil

laser dye-doped polymer-nanoparticle matrices

laser dye-doped bio-based gain media

Organic-inorganic nanoparticle gain media are nanocomposites developed for solid-state dye lasers and can also be used in biosensors, bioanalytics, and nonlinear organic photonics applications.

An additional class of organic materials used in the generation of laser light include organic semiconductors. Conjugated polymers are widely used as optically pumped organic semiconductors.

Organic matter
Organic matter, organic material or natural organic matter (NOM) is the large source of carbon-based compounds found within natural and engineered, terrestrial, and aquatic environments. It is matter composed of organic compounds that have come from the feces and remains of organisms such as plants and animals. Organic molecules can also be made by chemical reactions that do not involve life. Basic structures are created from cellulose, tannin, cutin, and lignin, along with other various proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Organic matter is very important in the movement of nutrients in the environment and plays a role in water retention on the surface of the planet.
1963 Poonch Indian Air Force helicopter crash
On Friday, 22 November 1963, an Aérospatiale Alouette III helicopter of the Indian Air Force crashed in Poonch district of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. The aircraft was en route to Poonch town, killing all six people on board. Six Indian Armed Forces officers were on board, including three general officers, an air officer and a brigadier.

Among those killed in the crash were Lieutenant General Daulet Singh, Lieutenant General Bikram Singh and Air Vice Marshal Erlic Pinto and the pilot Flight Lieutenant S. S. Sodhi.

Poonch (town)
Poonch (or Punch), (called Prunts in the Kashmiri, Gojri & Pahari languages) is a town and the administrative headquarters of the Poonch district, of the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, which is part of the larger disputed territory of Kashmir. It is located near the Line of Control – the de facto border in the disputed region. Poonch shares a de facto border with the Poonch district of the Pakistan-administered, self-governing territory of Azad Kashmir.
Windstar
Windstar may be:

Ford Windstar, a minivan

Windstar Cruises, a cruise line
Wind Star (ship), one of Windstar's sailing vessels

Windstar Foundation, an environmental education organization founded by John Denver and Thomas Crum

Windstar Records, a record label founded by John Denver

Windstar turbine, a vertical axis wind turbine

Zero Gravity Windstar, a South Korean paraglider design

Windstar Cruises
Windstar Cruises is a cruise line that operates a fleet of small luxury cruise ships. Its six yachts carry just 148 to 310 guests and cruise to 50 nations, calling at 150 ports throughout Europe, the South Pacific, the Caribbean, and Central America. In May 2014, Windstar added to its sailing yachts by adding the Star Pride power yacht, followed by Star Breeze and Star Legend in May 2015. The additional capacity opened up new itineraries such as voyages to Iceland, the Panama Canal, and Costa Rica and allowed Windstar Cruises to sail Tahiti year round.

Windstar offers a variety of cruise types include culinary & win cruises, cruise tours, themed cruises, holiday sailings and more.
Albright–Goldman oxidation
The Albright–Goldman oxidation is a name reaction of organic chemistry, first described by the American chemists J. Donald Albright and Leon Goldman in 1965. The reaction is particularly suitable for the synthesis of aldehydes from primary alcohols. Analogously, secondary alcohols can be oxidized to form ketones. Dimethyl sulfoxide/acetic anhydride serves as oxidizing agent.

The reaction does not proceed further to the carboxylic acid.

Ketone
In organic chemistry, a ketone /ˈkiːtoʊn/ is an organic compound with the structure R−C(=O)−R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group −C(=O)− (a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). A ketone derived from an alkane is an alkanone. The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' are methyl), with the formula (CH3)2CO. Many ketones are of great importance in biology and industry. Examples include many sugars (ketoses), many steroids, e.g., testosterone, and the solvent acetone.
Staré Splavy
Staré Splavy (German: Thammühl am See) is a village and part of Doksy in the Česká Lípa District in the Liberec Region oid the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants. It is a recreation centre and a former spa resort, located on the northwestern shore of Lake Mácha. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, it was one of the famous holiday destinations in the whole of Austria-Hungary.

Lake Mácha
Lake Mácha (Czech: Máchovo jezero) is a pond at Doksy in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. With an area of 2.84 km2 (1.10 sq mi) it is the largest pond in the region and therefore is called a lake, despite its artificial origin. It is a popular summer holiday destination. It is associated with the work of the poet Karel Hynek Mácha, after whom it got its current name.
Sharpies (Australian subculture)
Sharpies, or Sharps, were members of suburban youth gangs in Australia, most significantly from the 1960s and 1970s. They were particularly prominent in Melbourne, but were also found in Sydney and Perth to lesser extents. Sharpies were known for being violent, although a strict moral code was also evident, and many ex-Sharpies argue that claims of wrongdoing were exaggerated. The name comes from their focus on looking and dressing "sharp".

Morality
Morality (from Latin  moralitas 'manner, character, proper behavior') is a doctrine or system of moral conduct which involves evaluative judgments about agents and actions, including assessments of actions as moral or immoral behavior and of character traits as virtues or vices, such as honesty or cruelty.

Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e., opposition to that which is moral or immoral), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any particular set of moral standards or principles.
Samsung M810 Instinct S30
Samsung SPH-M810 (known as Instinct S30, previously as Instinct Mini) is an Internet-enabled cell phone designed and marketed by Samsung and carried by Sprint Nextel from 2009. It uses a Haptic touchscreen interface, and three touchscreen buttons (from left to right - [back], [home], and [phone]). The Instinct, in addition to being a mobile phone, also functions as a camera phone, portable media player, text messenger, and a complete web browser and e-mail client.

Button (computing)
In computing, a button (sometimes known as a command button or push button) is a graphical control element that provides the user a simple way to trigger an event, like searching for a query at a search engine, or to interact with dialog boxes, like confirming an action.
Last Week Tonight with John Oliver season 2
The second season of late-night talk and news satire television program Last Week Tonight with John Oliver originally aired between February 8, 2015, and November 22, 2015, on HBO in the United States. The season was produced by Avalon Television and Sixteen String Jack Productions; the executive producers were host John Oliver, Tim Carvell, and Liz Stanton, with Paul Pennolino as director.

Last Week Tonight aired on Sundays at 11 pm, totaling 35 episodes in season two. The season was generally well-received, winning three Emmy Awards, one Critics' Choice Television Award, one PGA Award, one Dorian Award, and one Webby Award. The show continued to release the main stories of each broadcast on its YouTube channel after each episode aired. Episodes fifteen and sixteen of season two, covering the 2015 FIFA corruption case and the Miss America beauty pageant, respectively, were credited with influencing US law and culture, a phenomenon dubbed the "John Oliver effect".

Miss America
Miss America is an annual competition that is open to women from the United States between the ages of 18 and 28. Originating in 1921 as a "bathing beauty revue", the contest is judged on competition segments with scoring percentages: Private Interview (30%) – a 10-minute press conference-style interview with a panel of judges, On Stage Question (10%) – answering a judge's question onstage, Talent or HER Story (20%) – a performance talent or 90 second speech, Health and Fitness (20%) – demonstrated physical fitness onstage dressed in athletic wear, and Evening Gown (20%) – modeling evening-wear onstage.

The previous year's titleholder crowns the winner. Miss America 2026 is Cassie Donegan of New York, who was crowned on September 7, 2025, at the Dr Phillips Center for the Performing Arts in Orlando, Florida.
Clarisse Le Bihan
Clarisse Agathe Le Bihan (born 14 December 1994) is a French professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Lazio in Serie A. She previously played for Montpellier and Guingamp in France's Division 1 Féminine as well as Angel City FC in the United States' National Women's Soccer League. She has represented France on the senior, under-19, and under-17 national teams.

Montpellier HSC (women)
Montpellier Hérault Sport Club Féminines (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃pɛˈlje eˈro]; commonly referred to as simply Montpellier) is a French women's football club based in Villeneuve-lès-Maguelone, a commune in the arrondissement of Montpellier. The club was founded in 1990. Montpellier play in the Première Ligue. The club is currently managed by Frédéric Mendy.

Montpellier hosts its home matches at the Stade Joseph-Blanc, a 1,000-capacity stadium that is situated in Villeneuve-lès-Maguelone. The club also hosts matches at the Stade de la Mosson in Montpellier, where the men's team plays.
Howard Vollum Award
The Howard Vollum Award for Distinguished Accomplishment in Science and Technology is an annual award that was created by Reed College and endowed in 1975 by a grant from the Millicent Foundation, now a part of the M.J. Murdock Charitable Trust.

The award was created as a tribute to the late C. Howard Vollum, a 1936 Reed graduate and lifelong friend of the college. For his senior thesis project, Vollum built an oscilloscope; he later went on to co-found Tektronix, which revolutionized oscilloscope design and became a world leader in test, measurement, and monitoring technology. The award "recognizes and celebrates the exceptional achievement of one or more members of the scientific and technical community of the Northwest." Winners are selected for "the perseverance, creative imagination, ability to work with people, and fresh approach to problem solving that characterized Howard Vollum's career." Past recipients include Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, and Leroy Hood.

Howard Vollum
Charles Howard Vollum (May 31, 1913 – February 5, 1986) was an American electronics engineer, businessman, and philanthropist in Oregon, United States.  He was the co-founder of Tektronix Corporation, and endowed the Vollum Institute.
Mantidactylus majori
Mantidactylus majori is a species of frog in the family Mantellidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, and swamps. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Mantellidae
The Mantellidae are an amphibian family of the order Anura (frogs and toads), and are endemic to the Indian Ocean islands of Madagascar and Mayotte. At first glance, the diminutive, brightly-coloured mantellas appear visually similar to (and indeed fill similar ecological niches as) the Latin American poison dart frogs, such as Dendrobates, Oophaga and Phyllobates, among others.
Baurusuchus
Baurusuchus is an extinct genus of baurusuchid mesoeucrocodylian, which lived in Brazil from 90 to 83.5 million years ago, in the Late Cretaceous period. It was a terrestrial predator, estimated to reach up to 113.4 kilograms (250 lb) in weight. Baurusuchus lived during the Turonian to Santonian stages of the Late Cretaceous Period, in Adamantina Formation, Brazil. It gets its name from the Brazilian Bauru Group ("Bauru crocodile"). It was related to the earlier-named Cynodontosuchus rothi, which was smaller, with weaker dentition. The three species are B. pachecoi, named after Eng Joviano Pacheco, its discoverer, B. salgadoensis (named after General Salgado County in São Paulo, Brazil) and B. albertoi (named after Alberto Barbosa de Carvalho, Brazilian paleontologist). The latter species is disputed (see phylogeny section). Its relatives include the similarly sized Stratiotosuchus from the Adamantina Formation, and Pabweshi, from the Pakistani Pab Formation.

Santonian
The Santonian is an age in the geologic timescale or a chronostratigraphic stage. It is a subdivision of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or Upper Cretaceous Series. It spans the time between 85.7 ± 0.2 mya (million years ago) and 83.6 ± 0.2 mya. The Santonian is preceded by the Coniacian and is followed by the Campanian.
Wanaku Kimray
Wanaku Kimray (Quechua wanaku guanaco, kimray slope, "guanaco slope", also spelled Huanaco Quimray) is a 4,084-metre-high (13,399 ft) mountain in the Bolivian Andes. It is located in the Chuquisaca Department, Azurduy Province, Tarvita Municipality. Wanaku Kimray lies southwest of Wallqayuq Urqu and north of Muyu Urqu.

Chuquisaca Department
Chuquisaca (Spanish pronunciation: [tʃukiˈsaka]; Guarani: Chuquisaca; Quechua: Chuqichaka; Aymara: Chuqisaka) is a department of Bolivia located in the center south. It borders on the departments of Cochabamba, Tarija, Potosí, and Santa Cruz. The departmental capital is Sucre, which is also the constitutional capital of Bolivia.
Amaliegade 8
Amaliegade 8 is a Neoclassical property located in the Frederiksstaden neighbourhood of central Copenhagen, Denmark. The building is from 1785 and was listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1918. It is owned by Hempel Group and residents include the Hempel Foundation, the Mary Foundation and the  Danish Financial Complaint Boards.

Amaliegade
Amaliegade (Danish pronunciation: [æˈmɛˀljəˌkɛːðə]) is a street in central Copenhagen, Denmark, which makes up the longer of the two axes on which the Rococo district Frederiksstaden is centred. Amaliegade extends from Sankt Annæ Plads to Esplanaden, passing through the central plaza of Amalienborg Palace on the way where it intersects Frederiksgade, the other, shorter but more prominent, axis of the district.

The street is dominated by a number of elegant mansions, most of which are from the second half of the 18th century. At Amalienborg Palace, Amaliegade is spanned by a colonnade. Designed by royal architect Caspar Frederik Harsdorff, it was built in 1794–95 to connect Moltke's Palace, the residence of the king, to Schack's Palace where the Crown prince resided.
Combination plate
A combination plate can refer to several things, including:

A combination meal

A type of tableware

A type of dental dentures

Crystals and/or minerals that have formed in a combination,

A printing plate that has both line drawings and halftones

A combination wall plate molded with a variety of ports for various electrical items, such as switches and plugs.

Combination meal
A combination meal, often referred as a combo-meal, is a type of meal that typically includes food items and a beverage. They are a common menu item at fast food restaurants, and other restaurants also purvey them. Combination meals may be priced lower compared to ordering items separately, but this is not always the case. A combination meal is also a meal in which the consumer orders items à la carte to create their own meal combination.

The casado is a common type of lunch combination meal in Costa Rica and Panama.
Chionodes braunella
Chionodes braunella is a moth in the family, Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alberta and British Columbia to Colorado, Arizona, California and to Washington, southern Ontario and Maine.

The larvae feed on Lupinus albifrons, Lupinus arboreus, Lupinus chamissionis, Lupinus excubitus, Lupinus ornatus, Lupinus peirsonii, Lupinus varicolor, Lotus scoparius, Trifolium eriocephalum, Trifolium wormskioldii, Vicia americana, Lathyrus vestitus, Lathyrus sulphureus and Gaylussacia species.

Lupinus albifrons
Lupinus albifrons, silver lupine, white-leaf bush lupine, or evergreen lupine, is a species of lupine (lupin). It is native to California and Oregon, where it grows along the coast and in dry and open meadows, prairies and forest clearings.  It is a member of several plant communities, including coastal sage scrub, chaparral, northern coastal scrub, foothill woodland, and yellow pine forest. Silver lupine is an important species for several animals throughout these ranges.
Tawn Mastrey
Tawn Mastrey (August 20, 1954 – October 2, 2007) was an American disc jockey, music video producer, one of rock radio's top media personalities.  She hosted a daily show on Sirius Satellite Radio's Hair Nation Channel 23, 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. Eastern time, 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Pacific time.

Mastrey was heard nationally on Westwood One Entertainment's Absolutely Live High Voltage  every other week. Mastrey hosted, wrote, produced and syndicated her own radio specials, RockZone and Sammy Hagar's Cabo Wabo Happy Hour, through Mastrey Productions, Inc.  She did voice-overs, owned her own video production company, Ladies In Production Services, and wrote a cookbook, Eat This. Beginning Aug. 20, 2024, Tawn Mastrey Estate is proud to rebroadcast some of her shows presented by Cabal Records on Facebook.

Infotainment
Infotainment, a portmanteau of information and entertainment, is a type of media, usually television or online, that provides a combination of information and entertainment. The term may be used disparagingly to devalue infotainment or soft news subjects in favor of more serious hard news subjects. Infotainment-based websites and social media apps gained traction due to their focused publishing of infotainment content, e.g. BuzzFeed. It is also called soft news as a way to distinguish it from serious journalism or hard news.
Brian Field
Brian Arthur Field (15 December 1934 – 27 April 1979) was an English solicitor's clerk who was one of the masterminds of the 1963 Great Train Robbery. He was the crucial link between the key informant, known only as "Ulsterman", who came up with the idea of robbing a money-laden night mail train, and also provided the details of the schedule and contents of the trains, and the gang capable of planning and carrying out such a complex, large-scale robbery.

Field was found guilty of conspiracy to rob, but his conviction was overturned on appeal. He only served prison sentence for perverting the course of justice, in relation to arranging the purchase of Leatherslade Farm, near Oakley, Buckinghamshire, which was used as the gang's hideout.

Perverting the course of justice
Perverting the course of justice is an offence committed when a person interferes with the administration of justice. In England and Wales it is a common law offence, carrying a maximum sentence of life imprisonment. Statutory versions of the offence exist in Australia, Canada, Fiji, Ireland, and New Zealand. The Scottish equivalent is defeating the ends of justice, although charges of attempting to pervert the course of justice are also raised in Scotland, while the South African counterpart is defeating or obstructing the course of justice. A similar concept, obstruction of justice, exists in United States law.
Yanagisawa clan
The Yanagisawa clan (柳沢氏, Yanagisawa-shi) was a Japanese samurai clan who rose to prominence under the Edo period Tokugawa shogunate. The main branch of the clan ruled as daimyō of Kōriyama Domain in Yamato Province (150,120 koku) until the Meiji restoration, and was subsequently unbowed with the kazoku peerage title of hakushaku (count).

Kazoku
The Kazoku (華族, "Magnificent/Exalted lineage"; IPA: [ka̠zo̞kɯ̟]) was the hereditary peerage of the Empire of Japan, which existed between 1869 and 1947. It was formed by merging the feudal lords (daimyō) and court nobles (kuge) into one system modelled after the British peerage. Distinguished military officers, politicians, and scholars were occasionally ennobled as (新華族, shin kazoku, 'the newly ennobled'), until the country's defeat in the Second World War in 1945. The system was abolished with the 1947 constitution, which prohibited any form of aristocracy under it, but kazoku descendants still form the core of the traditional upper class in the country's society, distinct from the nouveau riche.

Kazoku (華族) should not be confused with kazoku (家族), which is pronounced the same in Japanese, but written with a different first character, meaning "immediate family" (as in the film Kazoku above).
630 AM
The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency 630 kHz: 630 AM is a regional U.S. broadcast frequency.

Because 630 kHz is a multiple of both 9 and 10, the frequency is available for use by broadcast stations in all three ITU regions.

ITU Region
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU), in its International Radio Regulations, divides the world into three ITU regions for the purposes of managing the global radio spectrum. Each region has its own set of frequency allocations, the main reason for defining the regions.
Thomas Dennerby
Thomas Lennart Dennerby (born 13 August 1959) is a Swedish football manager. He managed Sweden to a third place finish at the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup. He last served as the head coach of the India women's football team.

India women's national football team
The India women's national football team represents India in women's international football and is governed by the All India Football Federation. Under the global jurisdiction of FIFA and governed in Asia by the AFC. India is also part of the South Asian Football Federation. The team was one of the best in Asia in the mid-1970s to early 1980s, when they became runners-up in the 1979 and the 1983 AFC Women's Asian Cup. The Indian women's national team is yet to participate in the FIFA Women's World Cup and the Olympic Games.
Denis Gorin
Denis Vladimirovich Gorin (Russian: Денис Владимирович Горин; 15 November 1979 – 1 July 2024) was a Russian serial killer and cannibal who, with the aid of his brother, committed at least four murders in the town of Aniva, Sakhalin Oblast, from 2002 to 2012. In 2018 he was sentenced to 22 years imprisonment.

In early 2023, while in a penal colony, Gorin signed a contract with a private military company (PMC) and was sent to Ukraine to participate in the Russian invasion of the country. Gorin fought in the ranks of the Storm-Z and was wounded during a battle, after which President Vladimir Putin pardoned him and allowed him to return to his hometown. This act sparked outrage across Russia, causing great debate about the morality of pardoning criminals to fight in the ongoing war. Gorin later died in the war.

Aniva
Aniva (Russian: Ани́ва) is a coastal town and the administrative center of Anivsky District of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia, located on the coast of Aniva Bay in southern Sakhalin Island on the Lyutoga River, 37 kilometers (23 mi) south of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. Population:  9,115 (2010 Census); 8,084 (2002 Census); 8,905 (1989 Soviet census).