hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Königsberg City Archive
The Königsberg City Archive (German: Stadtarchiv Königsberg) was the municipal archive of Königsberg, Germany.

The towns of Altstadt, Kneiphof, and Löbenicht were united to form the city of Königsberg in 1724. The city's archives were subsequently located in Altstadt Town Hall, but moved to the original campus of the University of Königsberg in Kneiphof in 1911/12. Its directors included August Wittich (1875 to 1897), Ernst Seraphim (1911), Christian Krollmann (1924), and Fritz Gause (1938).

The Nazi Party did not take an interest in the archive during Gleichschaltung. However, Gauleiter Erich Koch prevented the archive from being evacuated in 1944 during World War II. It was subsequently destroyed by the 1944 bombing of Königsberg and the 1945 Battle of Königsberg.

University of Königsberg
The University of Königsberg (German: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was a university in Königsberg, East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Prussia and received the royal privilege by King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland in 1560. The university was commonly known as the Albertina.

Following World War II, the city of Königsberg (renamed Kaliningrad) was transferred to the Soviet Union under the terms of the 1945 Potsdam Agreement. The Albertina was closed and the remaining German population was expelled. Today, the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University claims to maintain the traditions of the Albertina.
Hurwitz zeta function
In mathematics, the Hurwitz zeta function is one of the many zeta functions. It is formally defined for complex variables s with Re(s) > 1 and a ≠ 0, −1, −2, ... by

This series is absolutely convergent for the given values of s and a and can be extended to a meromorphic function defined for all s ≠ 1. The Riemann zeta function is ζ(s, 1). The Hurwitz zeta function is named after Adolf Hurwitz, who introduced it in 1882.

Absolute convergence
In mathematics, an infinite series of numbers is said to converge absolutely (or to be absolutely convergent) if the sum of the absolute values of the summands is finite.  More precisely, a real or complex series  is said to converge absolutely if  for some real number  Similarly, an improper integral of a function,  is said to converge absolutely if the integral of the absolute value of the integrand is finite—that is, if   A convergent series that is not absolutely convergent is called conditionally convergent.

Absolute convergence is important for the study of infinite series, because its definition guarantees that a series will have some "nice" behaviors of finite sums that not all convergent series possess. For instance, rearrangements do not change the value of the sum, which is not necessarily true for conditionally convergent series.
William Sutherland (Ontario politician)
William "Bill" Sutherland (1926/27 – June 11, 1998) was a municipal politician in Toronto, Canada.  He served on the North York City Council and the Metropolitan Toronto Council for several years, and challenged Mel Lastman for Mayor of North York in 1976.

Metropolitan Toronto
The Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto was an upper-tier level of municipal government in Ontario, Canada, from 1953 to 1998. It was made up of the old city of Toronto and numerous townships, towns and villages that surrounded Toronto, which were starting to urbanize rapidly after World War II. It was commonly referred to as "Metro Toronto" or "Metro".

Passage of the 1997 City of Toronto Act caused the 1998 amalgamation of Metropolitan Toronto and its constituents into the current City of Toronto. The boundaries of present-day Toronto are the same as those of Metropolitan Toronto upon its dissolution: Lake Ontario to the south, Etobicoke Creek and Highway 427 to the west, Steeles Avenue to the north, and the Rouge River to the east.
Allen G. Debus
Allen George Debus (August 16, 1926 – March 6, 2009) was an American historian of science, known primarily for his work on the history of chemistry and alchemy. In 1991 he was honored at the University of Chicago with an academic conference held in his name. Paul H. Theerman and Karen Hunger Parshall edited the proceedings, and Debus contributed his autobiography of which this article is a digest.

Academic conference
An academic conference or scientific conference (also congress, symposium, workshop, or meeting) is an event for researchers (not necessarily academics) to present and discuss their scholarly work. Together with academic or scientific journals and preprint archives, conferences provide an important channel for exchange of information between researchers. Further benefits of participating in academic conferences include learning effects in terms of presentation skills and "academic habitus", receiving feedback from peers for one's own research, the possibility to engage in informal communication with peers about work opportunities and collaborations, and getting an overview of current research in one or more disciplines.

The first international academic conferences and congresses appeared in 19th century.
A Poke in the Eye (With a Sharp Stick)
A Poke in the Eye (With a Sharp Stick) is the title of the first show in what later became the Secret Policeman's Ball series of benefit shows for human rights organization Amnesty International,  although it pre-dated by three years the first show to bear that name. The film of the show was titled Pleasure at Her Majesty's which is sometimes mistakenly thought to be the title of the actual benefit show.

John Bird (actor)
John Michael Bird (22 November 1936 – 24 December 2022) was an English actor, director, writer and satirist. He performed in the television satire boom of the 1960s, appearing in That Was the Week That Was. His television work included many appearances with John Fortune.

Bird had an acting career in film, television, theatre and radio for over 55 years. He appeared in films including Take A Girl Like You (1970) and Jabberwocky (1977) as well as in television shows such as Joint Account, Marmalade Atkins, El C.I.D. and Chambers. He and Fortune also starred with Rory Bremner in the sketch show Bremner, Bird and Fortune (1993–2010), on Channel 4, which was nominated for BAFTA TV Awards.
Ininy
Ininy [iˈninɨ] (German: Ihnau) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Suchań, within Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) east of Suchań, 28 km (17 mi) east of Stargard, and 60 km (37 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Stargard County
Stargard County (Polish: powiat stargardzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Stargard, which lies 32 kilometres (20 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains four other towns: Chociwel, 26 km (16 mi) north-east of Stargard, Dobrzany, 27 km (17 mi) east of Stargard, Ińsko, 37 km (23 mi) east of Stargard, and Suchań, 21 km (13 mi) east of Stargard.

The county covers an area of 1,519.59 square kilometres (586.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 119,402, out of which the population of Stargard is 70,534, that of Chociwel is 3,285, that of Dobrzany is 2,420, that of Ińsko is 2,001, that of Suchań is 1,446, and the rural population is 39,716.
Jolly Bastian
Jolly Bastian (24 September 1966 – 26 December 2023) was an Indian stunt master predominantly working in the South Indian film industry. His portfolio of 900 films included Putnanja, Annayya, Nattukku Oru Nallavan, Bangalore Days, Crazy Star, Super Ranga, Shyloo, Aramane, Gaalipata, Silence, Overtake (2017), Operation Java (2021) and Oru Cinemakkaran (2017) He also ran an event management and orchestra group named 24 Events, in which he was also the lead singer.

Annayya (1993 film)
Annayya (transl. Elder brother) is a 1993 Indian Kannada-language drama film directed by D. Rajendra Babu. It is a remake of K. Bhagyaraj's 1987 Tamil film Enga Chinna Rasa, whose story was inspired by the Kannada novel Ardhaangi by B. Puttaswamayya which had already been adapted in Kannada in 1969 as Mallammana Pavaada. The film features V. Ravichandran playing the title character along with Madhoo, Aruna Irani, Dheerendra Gopal and Srinath in other prominent roles. The music was composed by Hamsalekha. The film was produced by M. Chandrashekar. The film revolves around a battle of wits between a mother-in-law and her daughter-in-law.
Miyagi 1st district
Miyagi 1st district (Japanese: 宮城県第1区, Hepburn: Miyagi-ken Daiikku) is a single-member constituency of the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet of Japan. It is located on the island of Honshu, in Miyagi Prefecture. It, along with Miyagi 2nd district and parts of districts 3 and 4, cover the city of Sendai and the surrounding suburbs.

As of 2020, the district was home to 437,128 constituents.

Aoba-ku, Sendai
Aoba-ku (青葉区) is one of five wards of Sendai, the largest city in the Tōhoku region of Japan.  Aoba-ku encompasses 302.278 km² and had a population of 296,551, with 147,622 households as of March 1, 2012.
Danny Cohen (computer scientist)
Danny Cohen (December 9, 1937 – August 12, 2019) was an Israeli-American computer scientist specializing in computer networking. He was involved in the ARPAnet project and helped develop various fundamental applications for the Internet. He was one of the key figures behind the separation of TCP and IP (early versions of TCP did not have a separate IP layer); this allowed the later creation of UDP.

Cohen is probably now best known for his 1980 paper "On Holy Wars and a Plea for Peace" which adopted the terminology of endianness for computing (a term borrowed from Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels). Cohen served on the computer science faculty at several universities and worked in private industry.

International Federation for Information Processing
The International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) is a global organisation for researchers and professionals working in the field of computing to conduct research, develop standards and promote information sharing.

Established in 1960 under the auspices of UNESCO, IFIP is recognised by the United Nations and links some 50 national and international societies and academies of science with a total membership of over half a million professionals. IFIP is based in Laxenburg, Austria and is an international, non-governmental organisation that operates on a non-profit basis.
Ullsteinstraße (Berlin U-Bahn)
Ullsteinstraße is a Berlin U-Bahn station located on the U6 line.  The station was designed by R. G. Rümmler and opened in 1966.

The station is located below B96, where it crosses the Teltow Canal via the Stubenrauch Bridge.  The U6 crosses the canal on the eastern bridge, which carries the northbound lanes of the road, in a concrete box below the road deck.  A portion of Ullsteinstraße station is, therefore, elevated above the river on the bridge.  This configuration limits the clearance available to boats on the canal.

U6 (Berlin U-Bahn)
U6 is a 19.9 km (12.4 mi) long rapid transit line on the Berlin U-Bahn with 29 stations. It runs in a north-south direction from the Berlin locality of Tegel in the north via Friedrichstraße to Mariendorf, a locality in the southern part of the city. It is one of the five large profile ("Großprofil") lines.

During the Cold War, both U6 termini were in the former West Berlin but the line passed under East Berlin for a short section of its route. Five of its stations were sealed off by East German authorities and the trains went through these so-called “ghost stations” without stopping, while a sixth, Friedrichstraße, remained open primarily as a transfer station between the U6 and the S-Bahn lines using the north-south S-Bahn tunnel, but also as an official border crossing between East and West Berlin.

It was formerly named "CI" from 1923 to 1928.
Tarbutt
Tarbutt (formerly known as Tarbutt and Tarbutt Additional) is a township in the Canadian province of Ontario, located within the Algoma District. The township is about 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Sault Ste. Marie.

Its population centres are Port Findlay (46°19′05″N 84°01′09″W﻿ / ﻿46.31806°N 84.01917°W﻿ / 46.31806; -84.01917) and MacLennan (46°21′05″N 84°01′22″W﻿ / ﻿46.35139°N 84.02278°W﻿ / 46.35139; -84.02278). It is the only municipality along the North Channel of Lake Huron which includes no residential communities located directly along Highway 17; MacLennan is located north of the highway at the intersection of MacLennan Road and Government Road, while Port Findlay is located at the south end of MacLennan Road along the waterfront.

In December 2016, the municipal council adopted a by-law to officially shorten the name of the township from The Corporation of the Township of Tarbutt & Tarbutt Additional to the Corporation of the Township of Tarbutt, effective in January 2017.

Township (Canada)
The term township, in Canada, is generally a district or area associated with a town or other locality. The specific use of the term to describe political subdivisions has varied across the country, usually to describe a local rural or semirural government.

In Eastern Canada, a township is one form of the subdivision of a county. In Quebec, the term is canton in French.
Oaken Wood
Oaken Wood is a 18.7-hectare (46-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Maidstone in Kent. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.

Known locally as "Barming Wood" due to the village of Barming being the closest settlement to Oaken Woods, it is an ancient woodland with orchids, dormice, tawny owls, nightingales and many species of bat (alongside various other species).

This site provides the best example of a very unusual topography, with cracking and tilting of underlying weaker strata during the Pleistocene by periglacial processes producing crests and troughs in the surface rocks.

A public footpath crosses the site.

In 2013, plans to uproot parts or all of Oaken Wood for a ragstone quarry were met with controversy due to its environmental importance (with various different species residing there) and its possibility in setting a legal precedent for up to 300 other ancient woodlands in the UK.

Barming
Barming is a civil parish in the Maidstone District of Kent, England. It lies to the west of Maidstone and at the 2011 census had a population of 2,690. The eastern end of the parish is part of the built-up area of Maidstone, although the remainder is much more rural. The River Medway forms its southern boundary.

Barming is mentioned in the Domesday Book, and was then described as being divided into East and West; the latter being known as Little Barming, and having its own church until the 16th century.

Barming Primary School dates back to 1854 but is no longer located on its original site. The area has undergone increased residential development in recent years due to its proximity to both Maidstone Hospital and the Maidstone East rail line to central London.

The area has also suffered from significant disruption caused by sinkholes in the late 2010s, including the closure of the A26 road in the summer of 2018 as the road was repaired.
Hämevaara
Hämevaara (Swedish: Tavastberga) is a city district of the municipality of Vantaa, Finland. It is located in western Vantaa, near the border of the municipality of Espoo. The district has an area of roughly one square kilometer and a population of 1,327 (2014).

Hämevaara serves primarily as a suburb of the Helsinki area, consisting mostly of owner-occupied separate and terraced houses. It also hosts an electric beacon for air traffic in and around Helsinki.

Radio beacon
In navigation, a radio beacon or radiobeacon is a kind of beacon, a device that marks a fixed location and allows direction-finding equipment to find relative bearing.  It is a fixed-position radio transmitter which radiates radio waves which are received by navigation instruments on ships, aircraft or vehicles.

The beacon transmits a continuous or periodic radio signal on a specified radio frequency containing limited information (for example, its identification or location). Occasionally, the beacon's transmission includes other information, such as telemetric or meteorological data.

Radio beacons have many applications, including air and sea navigation, propagation research, robotic mapping, radio-frequency identification (RFID), and indoor navigation, as with real-time locating systems (RTLS) like Syledis or simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM).
Arrondissement of Vitry-le-François
The arrondissement of Vitry-le-François is an arrondissement of France in the Marne department in the Grand Est region. It has 110 communes. Its population is 43,836 (2021), and its area is 1,402.0 km2 (541.3 sq mi).

Marne (department)
Marne (French pronunciation: [maʁn]) is a department in the Grand Est region of France. It is named after the river Marne which flows through it.  The prefecture (capital) of Marne is Châlons-en-Champagne (formerly known as Châlons-sur-Marne). The subprefectures are Épernay, Reims, and Vitry-le-François. It had a population of 566,855 in 2019.

The Champagne vineyards producing the eponymous sparkling wine are in Marne.
Compound of four cubes
The compound of four cubes or Bakos compound is a face-transitive polyhedron compound of four cubes with octahedral symmetry. It is the dual of the compound of four octahedra. Its surface area is 687/77 square lengths of the edge.

Its Cartesian coordinates are (±3, ±3, ±3) and the permutations of (±5, ±1, ±1).

Octahedral symmetry
A regular octahedron has 24 rotational (or orientation-preserving) symmetries, and 48 symmetries altogether. These include transformations that combine a reflection and a rotation. A cube has the same set of symmetries, since it is the polyhedron that is dual to an octahedron.

The group of orientation-preserving symmetries is S4, the symmetric group or the group of permutations of four objects, since there is exactly one such symmetry for each permutation of the four diagonals of the cube.
Diana Mondino
Diana Elena Mondino (born 8 August 1958) is an Argentine economist, academic, and politician, formerly serving as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Republic from 2023 to 2024 under President Javier Milei. Mondino was previously the Director of Institutional Affairs at the University of CEMA.

In the 2023 Argentine general election, she was elected as a national deputy for Buenos Aires city for the La Libertad Avanza coalition. She became Foreign Minister on Milei's inauguration on December 10, 2023 and remained the minister until 30 October 2024 after President Javier Milei dismissed her due to Argentina's support for a UN resolution to lift the US embargo on Cuba.

Inauguration of Javier Milei
The inauguration of Javier Milei as the president of Argentina took place on 10 December 2023, in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies in Buenos Aires. The inauguration marked the commencement of the four-year term of Milei as president and Victoria Villarruel as vice president. The inauguration marked the formal culmination of Milei's presidential transition that began after he won the 2023 Argentine presidential election held on 19 November 2023.  Over twenty national leaders and representatives attended the ceremony.
Mary McGee
Mary Bernice McGee (née Connor; December 12, 1936 – November 27, 2024) was an American motorsport racing pioneer. She was the first woman to compete in motorcycle road racing and motocross events in the United States. Starting out as a sports car racer, she competed in motorcycle road racing and motocross from 1960 to 1976, then began competition again in 2000 in vintage motocross events. Her last race was in 2012. In 2013, McGee was named an FIM Legend for her pioneering motorcycle racing career. She was inducted into the AMA Motorcycle Hall of Fame in 2018.

Sports Car Club of America
The Sports Car Club of America (SCCA) is a non-profit American automobile club and sanctioning body supporting Autocross, Rallycross, HPDE, Time Trial, Road Racing, RoadRally, and Hill Climbs in the United States. Formed in 1944, it runs many programs for both amateur and professional racers.
Jon Laukvik
Jon Laukvik (born 16 December 1952) is a Norwegian organist.

Laukvik was born in Oslo, where he studied church music, organ and piano. Afterwards, he worked with Michael Schneider and Hugo Ruf in Cologne and Marie-Claire Alain in Paris. In 1980, he was appointed professor of organ at the Hochschule für Musik und Darstellende Kunst in Stuttgart. In 2001, he was appointed professor at the Norwegian Academy of Music in Oslo. Since 2003, he is also a guest professor at the Royal Academy of Music in London.

Christian music
Christian music is a genre of music that has been written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life and faith. Common themes of Christian music include praise, worship, penitence, and lament, and its forms vary widely around the world. Church music, hymnals, gospel, and worship music are a part of Christian media and also include contemporary Christian music which itself supports numerous Christian styles of music, including hip hop, rock, contemporary worship, and urban contemporary gospel.

Like other forms of music the creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of Christian music varies according to culture and social context. Christian music can serve various functions, such as ceremonial, educational, aesthetical, or for entertainment purposes.
Richard Gafabusa
Richard Muhumuza Gafabusa (born 3 August 1977) is a Ugandan environmentalist, administrative lawyer and politician. He is the elected Member of Parliament for Bwamba County and a representative for NRM, the ruling political party in Uganda.

He is a member of the Committee on Science and Technology, the Committee on Legal and Parliamentary Affairs and the NRM Parliamentary Caucus in the 10th Parliament of Uganda. In 2021 he was re elected into parliament. In the eleventh parliament, Gafabusa serves on the Committee on Trade, Tourism and Industry.

Gafabusa is a former project officer for the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), SAGE (Social Assistance Grants for Empowerment) technical officer for the Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development (MGLSD), programme coordinator for ActionAid International Uganda (AAIU), partnership officer at GOAL Uganda and a former project officer for Self-care Rural Education Support Association (Self-Care).

Chief technology officer
A chief technology officer (CTO), chief technical officer, or chief technologist is a corporate officer tasked with managing technical operations of an organization. They oversee and supervise research and development and serve as a technical advisor to a higher executive such as a chief executive officer.

A CTO is very similar to a chief information officer (CIO). CTOs will make decisions for the overarching technology infrastructure that closely align with the organization's goals, while CIOs work alongside the organization's information technology ("IT") staff members to perform everyday operations. The attributes of the roles a CTO holds vary from one company to another, mainly depending on their organizational structure.