hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dirname
dirname is a shell command for extracting the directory path portion of a path, without the last name. The command is specified in the Single UNIX Specification and is primarily used in shell scripts.

The version in GNU Core Utilities was written by David MacKenzie and Jim Meyering. The command is available for Windows as part of the GnuWin32 project and UnxUtils and is in IBM i.

Shell script
A shell script is a computer program designed to be run by a Unix shell, a command-line interpreter. The various dialects of shell scripts are considered to be command languages. Typical operations performed by shell scripts include file manipulation, program execution, and printing text. A script which sets up the environment, runs the program, and does any necessary cleanup or logging, is called a wrapper.

The term is also used more generally to mean the automated mode of running an operating system shell; each operating system uses a particular name for these functions including batch files (MSDos-Win95 stream, OS/2), command procedures (VMS), and shell scripts (Windows NT stream and third-party derivatives like Take Command/4NT—article is at cmd.exe), and mainframe operating systems are associated with a number of terms.

All Unix-like systems include at least one POSIX shell (typically either bash or the zsh compatibility mode).
SS 800 class
The SS 800 class, later reclassified as the F10 class, were a class of 28 2-12-2T steam locomotives built by Hanomag and later Werkspoor for the Staatsspoorwegen, the state railway of the Dutch East Indies, presently Indonesia. They were one of very few twelve-coupled locomotives to be built.

Built between 1912 and 1920, the 800 class were designed to handle heavy traffic over mountainous terrain on the island of Java. Some were later transferred to Sumatra as traffic demands increased there, and the 800 class began to be displaced by newer locomotives from the 1920s. Reclassified as F10 during the Japanese occupation, they were withdrawn in the 1970s, and two have been preserved as static exhibits.

Hanomag
Hanomag (Hannoversche Maschinenbau AG, German pronunciation: [ˈhano:mɐx]) was a German producer of steam locomotives, tractors, trucks and military vehicles in Hanover. Hanomag first achieved international fame by delivering numerous steam locomotives to Finland, Romania and Bulgaria before World War I and making of first tractor Hanomag R26 in 1924 in Germany. In 1925, they added automobiles to their line, additionally moving in 1931 into the production of construction machinery. Since 1989, the company has been part of the Komatsu company.
Monita Delamere
Sir Monita Eru Delamere KBE JP (17 June 1921 – 28 April 1993) was a New Zealand rugby player, dry-cleaner, Ringatu leader, community leader. Of Māori descent, he identified with the Ngāi Tahu and Te Whānau-ā-Apanui iwi. He was born in Omaio, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand, on 17 June 1921. His father was Paora Kingi Delamere.

In the 1990 New Year Honours, Delamere was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire, for services to the Māori people. Also in 1990, he was awarded the New Zealand 1990 Commemoration Medal.

Bay of Plenty
The Bay of Plenty (Māori: Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi) is a large bight along the northern coast of New Zealand's North Island. It stretches 260 kilometres (160 mi) from the Coromandel Peninsula in the west to Cape Runaway in the east. Called Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi (the Ocean of Toitehuatahi) in the Māori language after Toi-te-huatahi, an early ancestor, the name 'Bay of Plenty' was bestowed by James Cook in 1769 when he noticed the abundant food supplies at several Māori villages there, in stark contrast to observations he had made earlier in Poverty Bay.
Tehn Diamond
Tendai Ryan Nguni (born 17 January 1985), known professionally as Tehn Diamond or Tehn, is a Zimbabwean rapper and a singer-songwriter. He is a member of the hip-hop collective Few Kings, known for their collaborative album releases. Tehn Diamond also appeared in the Zimbabwean feature film Cook Off, which became the first Zimbabwean film to be released on Netflix.

Singer-songwriter
A singer-songwriter is a musician who writes, composes, and performs their own musical material, including lyrics and melodies. In the United States, the category is built on the folk-acoustic tradition with a guitar, although this role has transmuted through different eras of popular music. Traditionally, these musicians would write and sing songs personal to them. Singer-songwriters often provide the sole musical accompaniment to an entire song. The piano is also an instrument of choice.
Round Barn, Dubuque Township
The Round Barn, Dubuque Township is a historic building located in Dubuque Township in Dubuque County, Iowa, United States. It was built in 1915 as a dairy barn. The building is a true round barn that measures 60 feet (18 m) in diameter. The structure is constructed in clay tile from the Johnston Brothers' Clay Works and it features a windowed cupola and dormers on the north and west sides.

Round barn
A round barn is a historic barn design that could be octagonal, polygonal, or circular in plan. Though round barns were not as popular as some other barn designs, their unique shape makes them noticeable. The years from 1880 to 1920 represent the height of round barn construction. Round barn construction in the United States can be divided into two overlapping eras. The first, the octagonal era, spanned from 1850 to 1900. The second, the true circular era, spanned from 1889 to 1936. The overlap meant that round barns of both types, polygonal and circular, were built during the latter part of the nineteenth century. Numerous round barns in the United States are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Social class in Sri Lanka
Social class in Sri Lanka  is often described as casteless, though caste is still found on the island in both a symbolic and a practical sense. Caste is also used in an analogous sense to refer to the new social class divisions that have appeared in recent decades. The combination of ethnic nationalist movements that saw caste as an island-wide dividing tool, strong emphasis on providing access to education and healthcare regardless of background, and historic lack of discrimination among the colonial civil service played a factor in eradicating the caste system in most sectors of the island's society. Although the Buddhist culture actively fought against all forms of class discrimination, many Buddhist organizations used caste as a method to extract surplus from temple property.

Bathgama
Bathgama is a Sri Lankan caste located predominantly in the Kandyan provinces, the traditional occupation of which was the cultivation of rice. Hence the name Bath (rice) and Gama (village) in the Sinhala language.
Gamelan Sekar Jaya
Gamelan Sekar Jaya is a Balinese gamelan ensemble based in Berkeley, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. It has been called "the finest Balinese gamelan ensemble outside of Indonesia" by Indonesia's Tempo Magazine. It performs the music and dance of Bali in many different genres of Balinese gamelan, mainly gamelan gong kebyar, gamelan angklung, gender wayang, and gamelan jegog.  Past performances have also featured ensembles playing in other styles as well, including gamelan joged bumbung, gamelan semar pegulingan, kecak, gender batel, gamelan gambuh, genggong, and beleganjur.  GSJ has also performed contemporary pieces featuring instruments from the Western tradition.

Beleganjur
Gamelan beleganjur (also spelled balaganjur, Balinese: ᬩᭂᬍᬕᬜ᭄ᬚᬸᬃ, Balinese pronunciation: [bə.lə.ɡaɲ.d͡ʒur]) is one of the most popular styles of gamelan music in Bali. Its closest Western analogue is probably the Western military band.
Genaro Neyra
Genaro Neyra (born 8 October 1956) is a Peruvian footballer. He played in two matches for the Peru national football team in 1983. He was also part of Peru's squad for the 1983 Copa América tournament.

1983 Copa América
The 1983 Copa América football tournament was played between 10 August and 4 November, with all ten CONMEBOL members participating. Defending champions Paraguay received a bye into the semi-finals.

The cup was won by Uruguay, that beat Brazil in the final match. This achievement ended Uruguay's 16-year streak without an official championship since the 1967 South American Championship, and qualified the Celestes to play the first Artemio Franchi Trophy in 1985 against France, winner of the UEFA Euro 1984.
Gara Boyuk Khanim Castle
Gara Boyuk Khanim Castle (Azerbaijani: Qara Böyük Xanım sarayı; Armenian: Շուշիի առաջին մելիքական ապարանք) is an 18th century palace-castle located on a hill in the southeastern part of the town of Shusha (Shushi) in the Karabakh region of Azerbaijan. It is composed of four towers in a square plan. It is one of the two castles of Shusha that have survived to present day (the second is Panahali Khan's castle).

By the order of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated with 2 August 2001, the castle was taken under the state protection as an architectural monument of national importance (No. 339).

Cabinet of Azerbaijan
The Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Nazirlər Kabineti) is the highest executive body of Azerbaijan, the executive and governing body over the ministries and other central executive bodies under the president of the Republic of Azerbaijan. According to Article 119 of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Cabinet of Ministers is responsible for preparing and submitting the draft state budget to the President, as well as ensuring its execution. It is also tasked with implementing the country's financial, credit, and monetary policies, along with carrying out state economic and social allowance programs. Additionally, the Cabinet supervises ministries and other central executive authorities, holding the power to annul their acts if necessary.
Love Agenda
Love Agenda is the second album by Band of Susans, released on April 17, 1989 by Blast First and Restless Records. Page Hamilton, later frontman for Helmet, played guitar on the album and sang the lead vocals on the track "It's Locked Away". Also notable was bassist Susan Stenger singing her first lead vocals on the songs "The Pursuit of Happiness", "Birthmark" and "Hard Light". Robert Poss was an admirer of the Rolling Stones and CD versions of Love Agenda features a cover of "Child of the Moon".

Restless Records
Restless Records was founded in El Segundo, California in 1986 by Enigma Records and primarily released alternative, metal and punk records. In addition to its own catalog, Restless licensed and distributed records from labels such as Bar/None Records, Metal Blade Records and Mute Records. The company also operated a wholly owned subsidiary, Pink Dust Records.
Enzo Amore
Eric Arndt (born December 8, 1986) is an American professional wrestler. He is best known for his tenure in WWE under the ring name Enzo Amore and came to prominence for his partnership with Big Cass, whom he teamed with from 2013 to 2017. Together, they won the NXT Year-End Award for Tag Team of the Year in 2015. He was later moved to the 205 Live brand, where he was a two-time WWE Cruiserweight Champion. Since leaving WWE for controversial reasons in January 2018, he has also embarked on a rap music career initially under the name Real1, but now goes under the same name he uses on the independent circuit.

Professional wrestling strikes
Strikes can be offensive moves in professional wrestling, that can sometimes be used to set up an opponent for a hold or for a throw. There are a wide variety of strikes in pro wrestling, and many are known by several different names. Professional wrestlers frequently give their finishers new names. Occasionally, these names become popular and are used regardless of the wrestler performing the technique.

Professional wrestling contains a variety of punches and kicks found in martial arts and other fighting sports; the moves listed below are more specific to wrestling itself. Many of the moves below can also be performed from a raised platform (the top rope, the ring apron, etc.); these are called aerial variations. Moves are listed under general categories whenever possible.
Carbon, Iowa
Carbon is a city in Douglas Township, Adams County, Iowa, United States. The population was 36 at the 2020 census.

Other places in Iowa have been named Carbon: there was a Carbon Post Office in Davis County, six miles south of Ottumwa, that operated for less than a year in 1881.  There was also a Carbon Post Office in Webster County, three miles south-east of Fort Dodge, that operated from 1870 to 1872. A post office on the latter location was known as Gypsum from 1902 to 1905.

Davis County, Iowa
Davis County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,110. The county seat is Bloomfield.

Davis County is included in the Ottumwa, IA Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Dipturus
Dipturus is a large genus of skates native to the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans. They were formerly included in Raja. Some species initially moved to Dipturus were later placed in Dentiraja, Spiniraja, and Zearaja.

10th edition of Systema Naturae
The 10th edition of Systema Naturae (Latin; the English title is A General System of Nature) is a book written by Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus and published in two volumes in 1758 and 1759, which marks the starting point of zoological nomenclature. In it, Linnaeus introduced binomial nomenclature for animals, something he had already done for plants in his 1753 publication of Species Plantarum.
Hildersham Wood
Hildersham Wood is a 7.7-hectare (19-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest south of Hildersham in Cambridgeshire.

The principal trees in this ancient wood, on wet chalky clay, are pedunculate oaks. The ground flora is diverse, including locally uncommon species such as  broad-leaved helleborine and sweet woodruff. There are a variety of mosses and ferns.

The site is private land with no public access.

Hildersham
Hildersham is a small village 8 miles (13 km) to the south-east of Cambridge, England. It is situated just off the A1307 between Linton and Great Abington on a tributary of the River Cam known locally as the River Granta.

The parish boundary extends from the Roman Road, known in medieval times as Wool Street, north of the village, to the border with Essex to the south.

The village sign was designed by D.E. Arkright, who along with her husband, R.B. Arkright, lived in the village for over 40 years.
Mobile and Girard Railroad
The Mobile & Girard Railroad was an Alabama railroad which was constructed in the mid-19th century; a portion of the line continues in operation under different ownership. The 26-mile (42 km) line was constructed with a track gauge of 5 ft (1,524 mm).

Track gauge
In rail transport, track gauge is the distance between the two rails of a railway track. All vehicles on a rail network must have wheelsets that are compatible with the track gauge. Since many different track gauges exist worldwide, gauge differences often present a barrier to wider operation on railway networks.

The term derives from the metal bar, or gauge, that is used to ensure the distance between the rails is correct.

Railways also deploy two other gauges to ensure compliance with a required standard. A loading gauge is a two-dimensional profile that encompasses a cross-section of the track, a rail vehicle and a maximum-sized load: all rail vehicles and their loads must be contained in the corresponding envelope. A structure gauge specifies the outline into which structures (bridges, platforms, lineside equipment etc.) must not encroach.
58th station
58th was a station on the Chicago Transit Authority's Green Line in the Washington Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. The station was located at 320-24 E. 58th Street. 58th opened on January 22, 1893, as part of the South Side Elevated Railroad's expansion to serve the World's Columbian Exposition. The station closed with the rest of the Green Line on January 9, 1994, but did not reopen with the rest of the Green Line on May 12, 1996, because of its close proximity to the Garfield station.

Chicago Transit Authority
The Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) is a public transit agency in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It operates the Chicago "L" rail system and CTA bus services.

The CTA was established as an independent governmental agency by the Metropolitan Transportation Act passed by the Illinois General Assembly on April 12, 1945. It started operations on October 1, 1947, upon the purchase and combination of the transportation assets of the Chicago Rapid Transit Company and the Chicago Surface Lines streetcar system. In 1952, CTA purchased the assets of the Chicago Motor Coach Company, resulting in a fully unified system. Today, the CTA is one of the three service boards financially supported by the Regional Transportation Authority, and CTA service connects with Metra commuter rail and Pace Suburban Bus.

In 2025, the system had a ridership of 319,160,900, or about 971,400 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
West Virginia Route 67
West Virginia Route 67 is an east–west state highway located within Brooke County. The western terminus of the route is at West Virginia Route 2 on the southern edge of Wellsburg. The eastern terminus is at the Pennsylvania state line east of Bethany, where WV 67 continues east as Pennsylvania Route 331.

Wellsburg, West Virginia
Wellsburg is a city in and the county seat of Brooke County, West Virginia, United States. The 2020 census recorded a population of 2,455. It is a part of the Weirton–Steubenville metropolitan area. The city's economy includes several telemarketing facilities, and a factory that does metal fabrication and plastics molding.
Cosine error
Cosine error is a type of measurement error caused by the difference between the intended and actual directions in which a measurement is taken. Depending on the type of measurement, it either multiplies or divides the true value by the cosine of the angle between the two directions.

For small angles the resulting error is typically very small, since an angle needs to be relatively large for its cosine to depart significantly from 1.

Approximate error sizes for a few example angles are:

The error is equivalent to treating the hypotenuse and one of the other sides of a right-angled triangle as if they were equal; the cosine of the angle between them is the ratio of their lengths.

Small-angle approximation
For small angles, the trigonometric functions sine, cosine, and tangent can be calculated with reasonable accuracy by the following simple approximations:

provided the angle is measured in radians. Angles measured in degrees must first be converted to radians by multiplying them by ⁠⁠.

These approximations have a wide range of uses in branches of physics and engineering, including mechanics, electromagnetism, optics, cartography, astronomy, and computer science. One reason for this is that they can greatly simplify differential equations that do not need to be answered with absolute precision.

There are a number of ways to demonstrate the validity of the small-angle approximations. The most direct method is to truncate the Maclaurin series for each of the trigonometric functions. Depending on the order of the approximation,  is approximated as either  or as .
French Kiwi Juice
Vincent Fenton (born 26 March 1990), known professionally as French Kiwi Juice or the abbreviation FKJ (sometimes stylized Fkj), is a French multi-instrumentalist, singer, and musician from the city of Tours. He is known for his solo live performances, where he does live loopings through Ableton Live and showcases his multi-instrumentalist skills. His self-titled debut album, French Kiwi Juice, was released on 3 March 2017.

FKJ has performed at music festivals including Coachella, Euphoria, CRSSD, Lollapalooza, and Lightning in a Bottle.

Lightning in a Bottle
Lightning in a Bottle (LIB) is an annual 5-day music festival in the Central Valley region of California. It was first held in 2004. It is presented by The Do LaB, which seeks to promote sustainability, social cohesion, and creative expression. The festival features music performances, guest speakers, visual and interactive art installations, yoga classes, group meditation, blacksmith workshop, cooking, and other attractions.
Władysław Daniłowski
Władysław Daniłowski (also known by his pseudonyms Władysław Dan and Walter Dana, April 26, 1902 – March 4, 2000) was a Polish and American pianist, composer and singer. A pioneer of jazz and tango in Poland, in the United States he is best known as a promoter of polka music. He wrote the score for the first Polish sound film.

Tango music
Tango (/ˈtæŋɡoʊ/ or /ˈtɑːŋɡoʊ/; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtaŋgo]) is a style of music in 24 or 44 time that originated in Uruguay and Argentina among European immigrants in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It has mainly Spanish, Italian, Gaucho, African, and French cultural roots. It is traditionally played on a solo guitar, guitar duo, or an ensemble, known as the orquesta típica, which includes at least two violins, flute, piano, double bass, and at least two bandoneóns. Sometimes guitars and a clarinet join the ensemble. Tango may be purely instrumental or may include a vocalist. Tango music and dance have become popular throughout the world.
Fruitdale
Fruitdale can refer to several U.S. communities:

Fruitdale, Alabama, in Washington County, Alabama

Fruitdale, California
Fruitdale (VTA), a light rail station in San Jose, California

Fruitdale, Indiana

Fruitdale, Ohio

Fruitdale, South Dakota

Fruitdale, Dallas, Texas

Harbeck-Fruitdale, Oregon

Harbeck-Fruitdale, Oregon
Harbeck-Fruitdale was formerly a census-designated place (CDP) in Josephine County, Oregon, United States, near Grants Pass. As of the 2000 census, the CDP population was 3,780. It includes the community of Fruitdale.
Brothers of Christian Instruction
The Brothers of Christian Instruction (Latin: Institutum Fratrum Instructionis Christianae de Ploërmel, F.I.C.P.), commonly known as the La Mennais Brothers, is a Catholic lay religious order founded in 1819 by Gabriel Deshayes and Jean-Marie de la Mennais for the instruction of youth. Their aim remains that of their Founder: "to educate the young and to make Jesus Christ better known and better loved".

The brothers are bound by the simple vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience.

Evangelical counsels
In Christianity, the three evangelical counsels, or counsels of perfection, are poverty, chastity, and obedience. As stated by Jesus Christ in the canonical gospels, they are counsels for those who desire to become "perfect" (τελειος, teleios).

The Catholic Church interprets this to mean that they are not binding upon all, and hence not necessary conditions to attain eternal life (heaven), but that they are "acts of supererogation", "over and above" the minimum stipulated in the biblical commandments. Catholics and Lutherans who have made a public profession to order their lives by the evangelical counsels, and confirmed this by public vows before their competent church authority (the act of religious commitment known as a profession), are recognised as members of the consecrated life.