hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coma I
The Coma I Group is a group of galaxies located about 14.5 Mpc (47.3 Mly) away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The brightest member of the group is NGC 4725. The Coma I Group is rich in spiral galaxies while containing few elliptical and lenticular galaxies. Coma I lies in the foreground of the more distant Coma and Leo clusters and is located within the Virgo Supercluster.

The Coma I Group is currently infalling into the Virgo Cluster and will eventually merge with it.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Block-matching and 3D filtering
Block-matching and 3D filtering (BM3D) is a 3-D block-matching algorithm used primarily for noise reduction in images.  It is one of the expansions of the non-local means methodology. There are two cascades in BM3D: a hard-thresholding and a Wiener filter stage, both involving the following parts: grouping, collaborative filtering, and aggregation. This algorithm depends on an augmented representation in the transformation site.

MATLAB
MATLAB (Matrix Laboratory) is a proprietary multi-paradigm programming language and numeric computing environment developed by MathWorks. MATLAB allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of user interfaces, and interfacing with programs written in other languages.

Although MATLAB is intended primarily for numeric computing, an optional toolbox uses the MuPAD symbolic engine allowing access to symbolic computing abilities. An additional package, Simulink, adds graphical multi-domain simulation and model-based design for dynamic and embedded systems.

As of 2020, MATLAB has more than four million users worldwide. They come from various backgrounds of engineering, science, and economics. As of 2017, more than 5000 global colleges and universities use MATLAB to support instruction and research.
Ángeles River
The Ángeles River (Spanish: Río Ángeles) is a river of Lares, Puerto Rico. The river has its source in the Cordillera Central, in the Buenos Aires barrio of Lares. It flows northeastwardly, forming the natural boundary between the Lares (not to be confused with Lares Pueblo) and Buenos Aires barrios of the municipality before meeting with the Piedras River at its source in the Camuy River.

Lares barrio-pueblo
Lares barrio-pueblo  is a barrio and the administrative center (seat) of Lares, a municipality of Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 2,690.

As was customary in Spain, in Puerto Rico, the municipality has a barrio called pueblo which contains a central plaza, the municipal buildings (city hall), and a Catholic church. Fiestas patronales (patron saint festivals) are held in the central plaza every year.
Pahal Singh Lama
Pahal Singh Lama (Nepali: पहल सिंह लामा) was the chief of Nepal Police in the mid 1960s. He is well known for his contribution in establishment of the Mahendra Police Club in 1966 A.D. (2023 BS) with the help of the then S.P. Khadgajeet Baral, Harka Bahadur Thapa and the then DIGP Rom Bahadur Thapa, during his tenure as IGP.
 
Pahal Singh Lama had been appointed Consul General (1967-1971) of Calcutta, India by His Majesty's Government after his retirement from Nepal Police.

Nepal Police
Nepal Police (Nepali: नेपाल प्रहरी, romanized: Nēpāl praharī) is the national and primary national law enforcement agency of Nepal, operating under the Ministry of Home Affairs. It is primarily responsible for maintaining law and order, prevention of crime and crime investigation within the jurisdiction determined by the Constitution of Nepal. Apart from its primary role, Nepal Police conducts a vast array of duties such as VIP protection, Security of Vital Installations, Traffic management, Secret services, Intelligence collection, Riot Control, Disaster management, Hostage rescue and various other Ceremonial roles. Nepal Police is currently led by Inspector General of Police Dan Bahadur Karki since 13 November 2025. He is the 33rd IGP of Nepal Police.
Nandgaon, Mawal
Nandgaon in Mawal taluka of Pune district, Maharashtra, India, was listed as a village in the 2011 Census of India but was recorded as being uninhabited at that time, as it also was in 2001. It comprised an area of 793 ha (1,960 acres).

The village is administrated by a sarpanch, an elected representative who leads a gram panchayat. At the time of the 2011 census, the gram panchayat governed four villages and was based at Adhale Budruk.

Maval taluka
Maval taluka is a taluka in Mawal subdivision of Pune district of state of Maharashtra in India.

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, the taluka comprised 187 villages, a figure that was unchanged from 2001. There were also three census towns at that time - Wadagaon, Khadkale and Kusgaon Budruk. The census towns had their own governing bodies, whilst the gram panchayats which governed the villages numbered 100; there were two villages - Ahirvade and Kamshet - which had no official governing body.
Collibus
Collibus is a British five-piece progressive metal band from Manchester. Members include Gemma Fox (lead vocals), Stephen Platt (lead guitar/backing vocals/production), Daniel Mucs (rhythm guitar), RJ Kershaw (bass guitar), and Darren Pugh (drums). In November 2013, Collibus was the first rock band to play a live set in the UK House of Commons.

Collibus won the Mike Weatherley MP discretionary award of the Parliamentary competition Rock the House. Weatherly became the band's manager.

In February 2014, the band released their debut album, The False Awakening. The False Awakening has been met with critical acclaim from music press.

In 2014, the band performed at Download Festival, Bloodstock Open Air, and the UK Sonisphere Festival.

Download Festival
Download Festival is an open-air rock and metal festival held each June since 2003 at Donington Park in Leicestershire, England. It is the United Kingdom's largest rock festival, with more than 100 bands playing on several stages and 75,000–80,000 attendees in recent years. The site covers around 900 acres (360 ha) and includes a large 'village' area with stalls, bars and entertainment. It surrounds Donington racetrack and is beside East Midlands Airport. Between 2016 and 2022 it was held in multiple locations as well as Donington: this included Paris (France), Madrid (Spain), Hockenheimring (Germany), Sydney and Melbourne (Australia).

Download was created by Andy Copping as a successor to Monsters of Rock, which had been held at Donington until 1996. Download has hosted some of the biggest rock and metal bands. It is similar to the nearby Bloodstock Festival, but Download is much larger and has a broader range of genres as well as more mainstream acts.
Naples–Salerno high-speed railway
The Naples–Salerno high-speed railway line (also known in Italian as the Linea a Monte del Vesuvio, meaning the "line up Mount Vesuvius") is a link in the Italian high-speed rail network opened in June 2008. The 29-kilometre-long (18 mi) line is one of the new high-speed lines being built to strengthen rail transport system in Italy and in particular freight and passenger transport in Campania. The line is part of Corridor 1 of the European Union's Trans-European high-speed rail network, which connects Berlin and Palermo.

High-speed rail in Italy
High-speed rail in Italy consists of two lines connecting most of the country's major cities. The first line connects Turin to Salerno via Milan, Bologna, Florence, Rome and Naples, the second runs from Turin to Venice via Milan and Verona, and is under construction in parts.
Trains are operated with a top speed of 300 km/h (190 mph).

Passenger service is provided by Trenitalia and, since April 2012, by .italo, the world's first private open-access operator of high-speed rail to compete with a state-owned monopoly.
25 million passengers traveled on the network in 2011.
In 2015, ridership increased to 55 million for Trenitalia and 9.1 million for NTV, for a combined 64 million passengers.
Joseph F. and Anna B. Schrot Farm
The Joseph F. and Anna B. Schrot Farm is a 17-acre (6.9 ha) subsistence farm located at 880 Carbon Mine Road in Lawrence Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania. The farm was established in 1889 by Joseph F. and Anna B. Schrot, a stonemason and his wife who immigrated to Clearfield County from Austria in 1883. Stone quarries at nearby Curwensville had created a local demand for masons, and Joseph Schrot was one of many Europeans who came to Clearfield County to take construction work. The Schrots' farm provided food for the couple and their family of fourteen children; the couple sold their excess food for additional income.

The farm was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 8, 2011.

Curwensville, Pennsylvania
Curwensville is a borough in Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, United States, 45 miles (72 km) north of Altoona on the West Branch Susquehanna River. Coal mining, tanning, and the manufacture of fire bricks were the industries at the turn of the 20th century. In 1900, 1,937 people lived in the borough, and in 1910, 2,549 lived there. As of the 2020 census, Curwensville had a population of 2,567. The population of the borough at its highest was 3,422 in 1940.
WNCI
WNCI (97.9 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Columbus, Ohio, featuring a top 40 (CHR) format known as "WNCI 97.9". Owned by iHeartMedia, Inc., the station serves the Columbus metropolitan area and is the local affiliate for On Air with Ryan Seacrest. WNCI's studios are on West Fifth Avenue on Columbus' west side, while the transmitter is atop One Nationwide Plaza in the city's downtown. In addition to a standard analog transmission, WNCI broadcasts using HD Radio technology and streams online via iHeartRadio.

The station has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 175,000 watts, while the current maximum for Ohio radio stations is 50,000 watts. It is grandfathered at this power from before the date when the FCC set limits for FM stations. There are only six FM stations in the United States that operate with more power.

Analog transmission
Analog transmission is a transmission method of conveying information using a continuous signal which varies in amplitude, phase, or some other property in proportion to that information. It could be the transfer of an analog signal, using an analog modulation method such as frequency modulation (FM) or amplitude modulation (AM), or no modulation at all.

Some textbooks also consider passband data transmission using a digital modulation method such as ASK, PSK and QAM, i.e. a sinewave modulated by a digital bit-stream, as analog transmission and as an analog signal. Others define that as digital transmission and as a digital signal. Baseband data transmission using line codes, resulting in a pulse train, are always considered as digital transmission, although the source signal may be a digitized analog signal.
Gilroy College
Gilroy Catholic College is a Roman Catholic comprehensive co-educational secondary day school located in Castle Hill, in the Hills District of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The College provides a Catholic and general education for students from Year 7 through to Year 12 and is administered by the Catholic Education Office of the Diocese of Parramatta.

Year 12
Year 12 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It is sometimes the twelfth or thirteenth year of compulsory education, or alternatively a year of post-compulsory education. It usually incorporates students aged between 16 and 18, depending on the locality. It is also known as "senior year" in parts of Australia, where it is the final year of compulsory education. Year Twelve in England and Wales, and in New Zealand, is the equivalent of Eleventh grade, junior year, or grade 11 in the US and parts of Canada.
One Love (The Prodigy song)
"One Love" is a song by British electronic music act the Prodigy, released on 4 October 1993 by XL Recordings as the first single from the act's second album, Music for the Jilted Generation (1994). The song, both written and produced by Liam Howlett, peaked at number eight on the UK Singles Chart and number five on the UK Dance Singles Chart. It was also a top-30 hit in Sweden and Switzerland.

XL Recordings
XL Recordings is a British independent record label founded in 1989 by Tim Palmer and Nick Halkes. It has been run and co-owned by Richard Russell since 1996. It forms part of the Beggars Group.

It releases an average of six albums a year. The label releases albums worldwide and operates across a range of genres.
Lincoln Village
Lincoln Village is the name of some places in the United States:

Lincoln Village, California

Lincoln Village, Ohio

Lincoln Village, City of Milwaukee, Wisconsin A south side neighborhood of Milwaukee

Lincoln Village, Ohio
Lincoln Village is a census-designated place (CDP) in Prairie Township, Franklin County, Ohio, United States. It is centered near the intersection of US 40 and I-270 on the west side of Columbus. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,702.

Lincoln Village was started in 1955 as a planned community by a real estate subsidiary of Nationwide Insurance.
Charlie Parsley
Charles Henry Parsley (October 13, 1925 – October 3, 1997) was an American professional basketball player and college coach who spent one season in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the Philadelphia Warriors (1949–50). He attended Western Kentucky University.

After his playing career, Parsley became a college coach. He was head coach at Southeast Missouri State University and the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee.

History of the Golden State Warriors
The history of the Golden State Warriors began in Philadelphia in 1946. In 1962, the franchise was relocated to San Francisco, California and became known as the San Francisco Warriors until 1971, when its name was changed to the current Golden State Warriors. Along with their inaugural championship win in the 1946–47 season, the Warriors have won six others in the team's history, including another in Philadelphia after the 1955–56 season, and five more as Golden State after the 1974–75, 2014–15, 2016–17, 2017–18 and 2021–22 seasons.
Chrysomycena
Chrysomycena is an agaric fungal genus comprising one wood-decaying species found in Italy, Chrysomycena perplexa. It was first formally named in 2019.

The species has small golden yellow fruiting bodies resembling unrelated agarics in the Hygrophoraceae or Mycenaceae, with slightly slippery caps and a frosted yellowish stipe. The spores are slightly amyloid and the tissues of the fruitbodies have sarcodimitic construction.

Agaric
An agaric (/ˈæɡərɪk, əˈɡærɪk/) is a type of fungal fruiting body characterized by the presence of a pileus (cap) that is clearly differentiated from the stipe (stalk), with lamellae (gills) on the underside of the pileus. It is a type of mushroom (or toadstool), the diverse group of agarics being lumped together as gilled mushrooms. "Agaric" can also refer more generally to any basidiomycete species characterized by an agaric-type fruiting body.
White Mountains Community College
White Mountains Community College (WMCC) is a public community college with its main campus in Berlin, New Hampshire, and academic centers in Littleton and North Conway. It is part of the Community College System of New Hampshire.

Littleton, New Hampshire
Littleton is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 6,005 at the 2020 census. Situated at the northern edge of the White Mountains, Littleton is bounded on the northwest by the Connecticut River.

The main village in town, where 4,467 people lived at the 2020 census, is defined as the Littleton census-designated place (CDP) and is centered on the intersection of U.S. Route 302 with New Hampshire Route 116, along the Ammonoosuc River.
Pseudorhabdosynochus jeanloui
Pseudorhabdosynochus jeanloui is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the Pacific creolefish, Paranthias colonus (Perciformes, Serranidae). It has been described in 2015 by Knoff, Cohen, Cárdenas, Cárdenas-Callirgos & Gomes.

Fish diseases and parasites
Like humans and other animals, fish suffer from diseases and parasites. Fish defences against disease are specific and non-specific. Non-specific defences include skin and scales, as well as the mucus layer secreted by the epidermis that traps microorganisms and inhibits their growth. If pathogens breach these defences, fish can develop inflammatory responses that increase the flow of blood to infected areas and deliver white blood cells that attempt to destroy the pathogens.

Specific defences are specialised responses to particular pathogens recognised by the fish's body, that is adaptative immune responses. In recent years, vaccines have become widely used in aquaculture and ornamental fish, for example vaccines for commercial food fishes like Aeromonas salmonicida, furunculosis in salmon and Lactococcosis\Streptococcosis  in farmed grey mullet, Tilapia and koi herpes virus in koi.

Some commercially important fish diseases are VHS, ICH, and whirling disease.
Finn's Point Rear Range Light
Finn's Point Rear Range Light is located at the intersection of Fort Mott and Lighthouse roads on Finns Point in Pennsville Township of Salem County, New Jersey. The range light was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 30, 1978, for its significance in engineering. It has been incorporated into the Supawna Meadows National Wildlife Refuge.

Salem County, New Jersey
Salem County is the westernmost county in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Its western boundary is formed by the Delaware River, and it has the eastern terminus of the Delaware Memorial Bridge, which connects the county with New Castle, Delaware. Its county seat is Salem. The county is part of the South Jersey region of the state.

The county lies within the Philadelphia metropolitan area, also known as the Delaware Valley area. As of the 2020 census, the county retained its position as the state's least-populous county, with a population of 64,837, a decrease of 1,246 (−1.9%) from the 2010 census count of 66,083. The most populous place in Salem County is Pennsville Township with 12,684 residents as of the 2020 Census. Lower Alloways Creek Township covers 72.46 square miles (187.7 km2), the largest total area of any municipality.

Salem County, along with adjacent Gloucester County, also in South Jersey, have become an East Coast epicenter for logistics and warehouse construction.
Becoming a Billionaire
Becoming a Billionaire (Korean: 부자의 탄생; Hanja: 富者의 誕生; RR: Bujaui tansaeng; lit. Birth of a Rich Person) is a 2010 South Korean television series starring Ji Hyun-woo, Lee Bo-young, Lee Si-young and Namkoong Min. It aired on KBS2 from March 1 to May 4, 2010, on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes.

KBS2
KBS 2TV (Korean: KBS 제2텔레비전) is a South Korean free-to-air television channel launched on 1 December 1980 and owned by Korean Broadcasting System. In contrast to KBS1, the channel specializes primarily in entertainment.
Lyubitskoye, Medvensky District, Kursk Oblast
Lyubitskoye (Russian: Любицкое) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') in Kitayevsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Medvensky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  324 (2010 Census); 353 (2002 Census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Resist (Kosheen album)
Resist is the debut album by English electronic music group Kosheen. The album was first released on 25 June 2001 in the Benelux countries as a limited edition by Moksha Records. The UK edition was then released on September 17 as a sixteen-track record by Sony BMG. The Japanese edition, released in 2003, was a double-CD set containing fifteen B-sides and remixes, plus the exclusive track "Tell Me".

The BBC used the song "Catch" in trailers for Series 1 of 24. "Hide U" and "Pride" were both featured in the soundtrack for FIFA Football 2003.

Moksha Recordings
Moksha Recordings is an English electronic music record company. They mainly release alternative electronic music, an example of this would be S.O.L Arranguez (1996), which uses the classical guitar and vocals from Concierto de Aranjuez mixed with modern house music. They have also released music for big bands like The Shamen and Kosheen. The record company was founded in 1986 by Charles Cosh and is still going today.
Tourism in Oman
Oman is a country on the Arabian Peninsula. Tourism in Oman grew considerably during the 2000s, and a 2013 report predicted that it would become one of the largest industries in the nation. In 2019, Oman attracted about 4.1 million visitors from around the world, a massive increase from 3.1 million in 2017 as per the 2019 Tourism Statistic Bulletin from the National Centre for Statistics and Information (NCSI), Oman.

Oman has various tourist attractions, particularly within the realm of cultural tourism. Muscat was named the best city to visit in the world by American travel guide publisher Lonely Planet in 2012, and was chosen as the Capital of Arab Tourism of 2012.

Cultural tourism
Cultural tourism is a type of tourism in which the visitor's essential motivation is to learn, discover, experience and consume the cultural attractions and products offered by a tourist destination. These attractions and products relate to the intellectual, spiritual, and emotional features of a society that encompasses arts and architecture, historical and cultural heritage, culinary heritage, literature, music, creative industries as well as the living cultures with their lifestyles, value systems, beliefs and traditions.
Ted Steele (bandleader)
Ted Steele (July 9, 1917 – October 15, 1985) was an American bandleader and host of several radio and television programs. He also held administrative positions at radio stations and had his own media-related businesses.

WWOR-TV
WWOR-TV (channel 9) is a television station licensed to Secaucus, New Jersey, United States, serving the New York metropolitan area and owned by the Fox Television Stations group. It is programmed mainly as an independent, but airs MyNetworkTV (as the service's flagship station). Under common ownership with Fox flagship WNYW (channel 5), the two stations share studios at the Fox Television Center on East 67th Street in Manhattan's Lenox Hill neighborhood; WWOR-TV's transmitter is located at One World Trade Center.