hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Txillardegi
José Luis Álvarez Enparantza (27 September 1929 – 14 January 2012), better known by his pseudonym Txillardegi, was a Basque linguist, politician, and writer. He was born and raised in the Basque Country, and although he did not learn the Basque language until the age of 17, he later came to be considered one of the most influential figures in Basque nationalism and culture in the second half of the 20th century. He was one of the founders of ETA, but in 1967 he left because he did not agree with its political line.

Basque Country (greater region)
The Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herria; Spanish: País Vasco; French: Pays basque; Occitan: Pais Basco) is the name given to the home of the Basque people. The Basque Country is located in the western Pyrenees, straddling the border between France and Spain on the coast of the Bay of Biscay.

Encompassing the Autonomous Communities of the Basque Country and Navarre in Spain and the Northern Basque Country in France, the region is home to the Basque people (Basque: Euskaldunak), their language (Basque: Euskara), culture and traditions. The area is neither linguistically nor culturally homogeneous, and certain areas have a majority of people who do not consider themselves Basque, such as the south of Navarre. The concept is still highly controversial, and the Supreme Court of Navarre has upheld a denial of government funding to school books that include the Navarre community within the Basque Country area.
2008 Deutschland Tour
The 2008 Deutschland Tour road cycling race took place from August 29 to September 6, 2008, in Germany and Austria. It was won by Team Columbia's Linus Gerdemann of Germany. It was the 32nd edition of the Deutschland Tour, and the last edition until the race's revival in 2018.

Linus Gerdemann
Linus Gerdemann (born 16 September 1982) is a German former professional road bicycle racer, who won a stage in the 2007 Tour de France and led the general classification for two days, wearing the yellow jersey.

After failing to find a contract for 2013, Gerdemann joined MTN–Qhubeka for the 2014 season. In 2015 he rode for Danish professional continental team Cult Energy-Vital Water. Early 2017, Gerdemann announced his retirement.
Michikan Lake
Michikan Lake is a lake in Kenora District in northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Hudson Bay drainage basin.

The main inflow is an unnamed river at the west. A secondary inflow is an unnamed river at the north. The major outflow, at the southeast, is an unnamed channel to the Severn River, which flows to Hudson Bay.

The lake is the home of the Bearskin Lake First Nation main settlements, which were relocated from Bearskin Lake 50 kilometres (31 mi) to the southwest in the 1930s, and is partly encompassed by their Bearskin Lake Indian Reserve.

Kenora District
Kenora District is a district and census division in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. The district seat is the City of Kenora.

It is geographically the largest division in Ontario: at 407,213.01 square kilometres (157,225.82 sq mi), it covers 38 percent of the province's area, making it larger than Newfoundland and Labrador, and slightly smaller than Sweden or roughly the land size of California. Kenora District also has the lowest population density of any of Ontario's census divisions (it ranks 37th out of 50 by total population).

The district was created in 1907 from parts of Rainy River District. The northern part (north of the Albany River) only became part of Ontario in 1912 (transferred from the Northwest Territories). The separate Patricia District upon transfer, it was in 1937 annexed to Kenora District and known sometimes as the Patricia Portion.
Schijenflue
The Schijenflue is a mountain in the Rätikon range of the Alps, located on the border between Austria and Switzerland.

A day or multiday hike that follows the whole of the Rätikon chain and passes Schijenflue on its sunny side is called "Prättigauer Höhenweg".

Prättigau
The Prättigau is a geographical region in the canton of Grisons, Switzerland. It consists of the main valley of the river Landquart and the valleys of its side-rivers and creeks. Landquart River, which drains into the Alpine Rhine in the town of the same name, is on its upper end home to the ski resorts of Klosters.

Landquart is a village with a railway junction on the flat floor valley of the Alpine Rhine just north of Chur, the capital of the Grisons.

The Prättigau is a tourist destination for winter and summer activities, including downhill and cross-country skiing, tobogganing and hiking.

Traditionally, towns in the Prättigau were reliant on the lumber industry, although the income from tourism has largely replaced that.

The historical American Van Leer family claims lineage from this area through Swiss archives.
Bergen Port Authority
Bergen Port Authority (Norwegian: Bergen og Omegn havnevesen) is an intermunicipal enterprise owned by the municipalities of Alver, Askøy, Austrheim, Bergen, Bjørnafjorden, Fedje, and Øygarden as well as Vestland county municipality. The port authority operates all seaports in the designated area, including Bergen Port and the oil refinery Mongstad. There are also bunkering terminals, a dry dock and floating docks within the jurisdiction of the authority.

Bjørnafjorden Municipality
Bjørnafjorden is a municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the Midhordland region of the county. The administrative centre of Bjørnafjorden is the village of Osøyro. Other villages in the municipality include Eikelandsosen, Fusa, Hagavik, Haljem, Holdhus, Holmefjord, Strandvik, Sundvor, Syfteland, Søre Øyane, Søvik, and Vinnes.

The 517.4-square-kilometre (199.8 sq mi) municipality is the 204th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Bjørnafjorden Municipality is the 46th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 26,342. The municipality's population density is 50.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (132/sq mi) and its population has increased by 15.9% over the previous 10-year period.
SS Sauternes
SS Sauternes was a steamship built in 1922. It was known as the Jólaskipið (the Christmas Ship) in the Faroe Islands. It sank in a storm in the firth Fugloyarfjørður within the Faroe Islands on 7 December 1941; all 25 passengers and crew were lost. The bodies of five of the service personnel who died are buried in Klaksvík old cemetery.

In addition to general cargo for the British garrison in the Faroes, Sauternes was also carrying 22,500 Danish kroner minted in the United Kingdom for use by the Faroese, since Denmark had been occupied by the Germans and was not sending any currency.

Klaksvík
Klaksvík (Faroese pronunciation: [ˈklaksˌʋʊɪk]) is the second largest town of the Faroe Islands behind Tórshavn. The town is located on Borðoy, which is one of the northernmost islands (the Norðoyar). It is the administrative centre of Klaksvík municipality.
2-Bekat
2-bekat, which literally means "Station 2", was a provisional name of two different stations of Tashkent Metro:

Oʻzgarish, on Chilonzor Line;

Yashnobod, on Circle Line/30th anniversary of the independence of Uzbekistan Line.

Tashkent Metro
The Tashkent Metro (Uzbek: Toshkent metropoliteni, Тошкент метрополитени) is the rapid transit system serving the city of Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan. It was the seventh metro to be built in the former USSR, opening in 1977, and the first metro in Central Asia. Each station is designed around a particular theme, often reflected in the station name.

The Tashkent Metro consists of four lines, operating on 70.4 kilometres (43.74 mi) of route and serving 50 stations. In 2025, the metro carried 286.8 million passengers, which corresponds to a daily average of approximately 785,000 passengers.
Instrumentalization of the Holocaust
The instrumentalization of the Holocaust is the idea that memory of the Holocaust is manipulated for political, ideological, and financial gain. Accusations of instrumentalization have been made against the State of Israel and its supporters, the Russian government, nationalists and right-wing populists in Europe (particularly Hungarian and Polish nationalists), communist governments, and others.

The practice of instrumentalization was criticized by many Holocaust survivors, including Zygmunt Bauman, Primo Levi, Jean Améry, and Stephen Kapos.

Hungarian nationalism
Hungarian nationalism (Hungarian: magyar nacionalizmus) developed in the late 18th century and early 19th century along the classic lines of scholarly interest leading to political nationalism and mass participation. In the 1790s, Hungarian nobles pushed for the adoption of Hungarian as the official language rather than Latin. This conflicted with Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II's declaration of German as the administrative language. The lower Hungarian nobility launched a literary renaissance of the Hungarian language and culture, often questioning the loyalty of the magnates, less than half of whom were ethnic Hungarians, and many of these had become French- and German-speaking courtiers. Following the successful revival of the Hungarian language in the first half of the 19th century, and the suppressed Hungarian Revolution of 1848, the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 finally elevated the status of the Hungarian nation to equality with Austria.
Polarite
Polarite, is an opaque, yellow-white mineral with the chemical formula Pd,(Bi,Pb). Its crystals are orthorhombic pyramidal, but can only be seen through a microscope. It has a metallic luster and leaves a white streak. Polarite is rated 3.5 to 4 on the Mohs Scale.

It was first described in 1969 for an occurrence in Talnakh, Norilsk in the Polar Ural Mountains in Russia. It has also been recorded from the Bushveld igneous complex of South Africa and from Fox Gulch, Goodnews Bay, Alaska.

Orthorhombic crystal system
In crystallography, the orthorhombic crystal system is one of the seven crystal systems. Orthorhombic lattices result from stretching a cubic lattice along two of its orthogonal pairs by two different factors, resulting in a rectangular prism with a rectangular base (a by b) and height (c), such that a, b, and c are distinct. All three bases intersect at 90° angles, so the three lattice vectors remain mutually orthogonal.
Heinz Czechowski
Heinz Czechowski (7 February 1935 – 21 October 2009) was a German poet and dramatist.

At the age of ten, Czechowski survived the highly destructive bombing of his birthplace of Dresden. After training in surveying and graphic design, he studied at the Johannes R. Becher Institute of Literature in Leipzig, where he was strongly influenced by Georg Maurer and the Saxon school. His first published poems appeared in 1957 in an issue of Neue Deutsche Literatur. From 1961 to 1965, he worked at the Mitteldeutscher Verlag publishing house in Halle, Saxony-Anhalt. Between 1971 and 1973, he wrote plays for the city of Magdeburg, after which he became a freelance writer.

Czechowski produced free translations of the work of foreign poets (e.g. Anna Akhmatova, Mikhail Lermontov, Marina Tsvetaeva, and Yiannis Ritsos). He was a founding member of the Leipzig Free Academy of the Arts.

Yiannis Ritsos
Yiannis Ritsos (Greek: Γιάννης Ρίτσος [ˈritsos]; 1 May 1909 – 11 November 1990) was a Greek poet and communist and an active member of the Greek Resistance during World War II. While he disliked being regarded as a political poet, he has been called "the great poet of the Greek left".
Pindiki Bahubalendra
Pindiki Bhubalendra (Odia: ପିଣ୍ଡିକି ବାହୁବଳେନ୍ଦ୍ର) was the Dalei (Khandayat  local commander) of Daruthenga village of Khordha district in the Indian state of Odisha. He was born on 1768 in an Odia Hindu (Khandayat family at Daruthenga village,Khordha). He actively participated in the Paika Rebellion. The British excluded him from the amnesty provision. Instead he was treated as a high profile threat to the British authorities. He was shot dead at the age of 50 while trying to avoid a third episode of British captivity.

Paika Rebellion
The Paika Rebellion, also known as the Paika Bidroha or Paik Rebellion. It is the first armed rebellion against Company rule in India in 1817. The Paikas rose in rebellion under their leader Bakshi Jagabandhu and projecting Lord Jagannath as the symbol of Odia unity, the rebellion quickly spread across most of Odisha before being put down by the Company's forces.
John Mackey (hurler)
John Mackey (28 August 1913 – 3 May 1989) was an Irish hurler who played as a right wing-forward at senior level for the Limerick county team.

Mackey is regarded as one of Limerick's all-time greatest players.  He made his first appearance for the team as a substitute during the 1932 championship and was a regular member of the starting fifteen until his retirement after the 1948 championship. During that time he won three All-Ireland medals, five Munster medals and five National League medals. He ended up as an All-Ireland runner-up on two occasions.

At club level Mackey won a record-equaling fifteen county hurling championship and five county football championship medals with Ahane.

Mackey hailed from a hurling 'dynasty'. His father, John "Tyler" Mackey, was a former Limerick captain while his brothers, Mick and Paddy, also claimed All-Ireland honours.

1932 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 1931 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 46th staging of the All-Ireland hurling championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1887. The championship began on 1 May 1932 and ended on 4 September 1932.

Cork were the defending champions, however, they were defeated in the provincial series of games. Kilkenny won the title following a 3–3 to 2–3 victory over Clare in the final.
Neil Hattlestad
Neil W. Hattlestad (born c.1940) is a former American football coach from Decorah, Iowa. He was the second head football coach at Frostburg State University in Frostburg, Maryland, serving for one season, in 1967, and compiling record of 2–6.

In 1970, Hattlestad was named head wrestling and assistant football coach at Dakota State College.

Hattlestad was also chairman of the department of physical education at Sam Houston University, Texas.

In 1983, he was named dean of the College of Fine and Applied Arts and Sciences at the University of Central Arkansas.

Frostburg, Maryland
Frostburg is a city in Allegany County, Maryland. It is located at the head of the Georges Creek Valley, 8 miles (13 km) west of Cumberland. The town is one of the first cities on the "National Road", US 40, and the western terminus of the Western Maryland Scenic Railroad. It is part of the Cumberland metropolitan area.

Frostburg was originally called Mount Pleasant until 1820, when the government developed a postal service, and the town was renamed Frostburg. Since 1973, the city has been served by what is now Interstate 68.

As of the 2020 census, Frostburg had a population of 7,027. In addition, 5,400 students attend Frostburg State University, a public university within the University System of Maryland.
Vavilov
Vavilov (Russian: Вави́лов, feminine: Vavilova) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrey Petrovich Vavilov (b. 1961), Russian politician and businessman

Elena Vavilova (born 1962), also known as Tracey Foley, Russian KGB sleeper agent

Natalya Vavilova (born 1959), Russian actress

Nikolai Vavilov (1887–1943), Russian geneticist

Sergey Ivanovich Vavilov (1891–1951), Russian physicist

Vladimir Sergeyevich Vavilov (born 1988), Russian footballer

Vladimir Fyodorovich Vavilov (1925–1973), Russian guitarist and composer

Sergey Vavilov
Sergey Ivanovich Vavilov (Russian: Серге́й Ива́нович Вави́лов [sʲɪrˈɡʲej ɪˈvanəvʲɪtɕ vɐˈvʲiləf]; 24 March [O.S. 12 March] 1891 – January 25, 1951) was a Soviet physicist, the President of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union from July 1945 until his death. His elder brother Nikolai Vavilov was a famous Russian geneticist.
St John the Evangelist Church, Portobello
St John the Evangelist Roman Catholic Church is a Catholic parish located in the Portobello district of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom, in the Archdiocese of St Andrews and Edinburgh. Its historic church is located at the junction of Brighton Place and Sandford Gardens. Its parochial school, St. John's RC Primary School, is located at 18 Duddingston Road.

From 2017 the many parishes in Edinburgh have been organised into clusters to better coordinate their resources.  St John the Evangelist is one of three parishes in Cluster 2 along with St. Mary Magdalene and St. Teresa of Lisieux.

Parish (Catholic Church)
In the Catholic Church, a parish (Latin: parochia) is a stable community of the faithful within a particular church, whose pastoral care has been entrusted to a parish priest (Latin: parochus), under the authority of the diocesan bishop. It is the lowest ecclesiastical subdivision in the Catholic episcopal polity, and the primary constituent unit of a diocese or eparchy. Parishes are extant in both the Latin and Eastern Catholic Churches. In the 1983 Code of Canon Law, parishes are constituted under cc. 515–552, entitled "Parishes, Pastors, and Parochial Vicars."
Shah Abbasi Caravansarai, Nishapur
The Shah Abbasi Caravansarai of Nishapur (Persian: کاروانسرای شاه‌عباسی) is a Safavid era caravanserai located in central Nishapur. This caravanserai was built by the orders of the Safavid Shah, Abbas the Great. Listed as a national heritage of Iran with the registration number 1230, it is now a tourist attraction and houses several handicraft shops and two museums.

Tourist attraction
A tourist attraction is a place of interest that tourists visit, typically for its inherent or exhibited natural or cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure and amusement.
Mikhail Paskalides
Mikhail Paskalides (also Michael Paschalidis, Greek: Μιχαήλ Πασχαλίδης) was a Greek athlete.  He competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London.

In the 100 metres, Paskalides took fourth place in his first round heat and was eliminated from further competition.  He took second in his two-man heat of the 200 metres with a time of 24.0 seconds and was eliminated from that competition as well.

Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's 200 metres
The men's 200 metre race was held for the third time at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London. The competition was held from 21 to 23 July 1908. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes. 43 sprinters from 15 nations competed. The event was won by Robert Kerr of Canada, the first win by a nation other than the United States. Americans took silver (Robert Cloughen) and bronze (Nathaniel Cartmell), with Cartmell becoming the first person to win multiple 200 metres medals after taking earning silver in 1904.
Picrodendron
Picrodendron is a genus of plant in the family Picrodendraceae, described in 1859. It contains one species, Picrodendron baccatum, native to the West Indies (Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica and the Swan Islands of Honduras).

Swan Islands, Honduras
The Swan Islands (Spanish: Islas Santanilla or Islas del Cisne, named Islas de las Pozas by Christopher Columbus in 1502) is a chain of three islands located in the northwestern Caribbean Sea, approximately 153 km (95 mi) northeast of the eastern coast of Honduras, with a combined land area of 3.1 km2 (1.2 sq mi).

The islands are uninhabited except for a small permanent Honduran naval garrison stationed on Great Swan Island that maintains the Islas del Cisne Airport.
Pabellón Island
Pabellón Island is the southernmost of two islands which lie close off the north tip of Omega Island and mark the south side of the western entrance to Andersen Harbor in the Melchior Islands, Palmer Archipelago. The island was roughly surveyed by DI personnel in 1927 and named by the Argentine expedition during a survey of these islands in 1946–47. They erected a mast on this island from which they flew the Argentine national colors (pabellón).

Palmer Archipelago
Palmer Archipelago, also known as Antarctic Archipelago, Archipiélago Palmer, Antarktiske Arkipel or Palmer Inseln, is a group of islands off the northwestern coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. It extends from Tower Island in the north to Anvers Island in the south. It is separated by the Gerlache and Bismarck straits from the Antarctic Peninsula and Wilhelm Archipelago, respectively. The archipelago is in the British, Chilean, and Argentine Claims.

Palmer Archipelago is located at 64°15′S 62°50′W﻿ / ﻿64.250°S 62.833°W﻿ / -64.250; -62.833.
Edward Hull (geologist)
Edward Hull FRS  (21 May 1829 – 18 October 1917) was an Irish geologist and stratigrapher who held the position of Director of the Geological Survey of Ireland. He was also a professor of geology in the Royal College of Science, Dublin.  His dates are listed in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.

Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy is a branch of geology concerned with the study of rock layers (strata) and layering (stratification). It is primarily used in the study of sedimentary and layered volcanic rocks.
Stratigraphy has three related subfields: lithostratigraphy (lithologic stratigraphy), biostratigraphy (biologic stratigraphy), and chronostratigraphy (stratigraphy by age).

Several principles and laws come into play when using stratigraphy such as Principle of original horizontality, Law of superposition, Cross-cutting relationships, Principle of inclusions, Principle of faunal succession.
Boeing Bird of Prey
The Boeing Bird of Prey is an American black project aircraft, intended to demonstrate stealth technology. It was developed by McDonnell Douglas and Boeing in the 1990s.  The company provided $67 million of funding for the project. It developed technology and materials which would later be used on Boeing's X-45 unmanned combat air vehicle.

National Museum of the United States Air Force
The National Museum of the United States Air Force (formerly the United States Air Force Museum) is the official museum of the United States Air Force located at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, six miles (9.7 km) northeast of Dayton, Ohio. The NMUSAF is the oldest and largest military aviation museum in the world, with more than 360 aircraft and missiles on display. The museum is a central component of the National Aviation Heritage Area. The museum draws about a million visitors each year, making it one of the most frequently visited tourist attractions in Ohio.
Flames of War: The Fighting Has Just Begun
Flames of War (Arabic: لهيب الحرب, romanized: Lahīb al-ḥarb) also known by its full name Flames of War: The Fighting has Just Begun (Arabic: لهيب الحرب: القتال قد بدأ للتو, romanized: Lahīb al-ḥarb : al-Qitāl qad badaʼa lltw) is a propaganda film by the Islamic State, produced by Al-Hayat Media Center and narrated (the English version of it) by Mohammed Khalifa published in 2014.

17th Division (Syria)
The 17th Reserve Division (Arabic: الفرقة الاحتياطية 17) was a formation of the Syrian Army responsible for north-eastern Syria. It was one of two autonomous reserve divisions of the Syrian Arab Army, the other being the 18th Armoured Division. The 17th Division was part of the 3rd Corps.
Little Arkansas Treaty
The Little Arkansas Treaty was a set of treaties signed between the United States of America and the Kiowa, Comanche, Plains Apache, Southern Cheyenne, and Southern Arapaho at Little Arkansas River, Kansas in October 1865. On October 14 and 18, 1865 the United States and all of the major Plains Indians Tribes signed a treaty on the Little Arkansas River, which became known as the Little Arkansas Treaty. It is notable in that it lasted less than two years, the reservations it created for the Plains Indians were never created at all, and were reduced by 90% eighteen months later in the Medicine Lodge Treaty.

The full treaty can be found online.

Little Arkansas River
The Little Arkansas River (/ɑːrˈkænzəs/ ar-KAN-zəs) is a river in the central Great Plains of North America. A tributary of the Arkansas River, its entire 123-mile (198 km) length lies within the American state of Kansas.