hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bannaella
Bannaella is a genus of East Asian cribellate araneomorph spiders in the family Dictynidae, and was first described by Z. S. Zhang & S. Q. Li in 2011. As of May 2019 it contains only three species, all found in China: B. lhasana, B. sinuata, and B. tibialis.

Araneomorphae
The Araneomorphae (also called the Labidognatha or "true spiders") are an infraorder of spiders. They are distinguishable by chelicerae (fangs) that point diagonally forward and cross in a pinching action, in contrast to those of Mygalomorphae (tarantulas and their close kin), which point straight down. Araneomorphs comprise the vast majority (about 92%) of living spiders.
Gas turbine modular helium reactor
The Gas Turbine Modular Helium Reactor (GT-MHR) is a class of nuclear fission power reactor designed that was under development by a group of Russian enterprises (OKBM Afrikantov, Kurchatov Institute, VNIINM and others), an American group headed by General Atomics, French Framatome and Japanese Fuji Electric. It is a helium cooled, graphite moderated reactor and uses TRISO fuel compacts in a prismatic core design. The power is generated via a gas turbine rather than via the more common steam turbine.

A conceptual design was produced by 1997, and it was hoped to have a final design by 2005, and a prototype plant commissioning by 2010.

Prism (geometry)
In geometry, a prism is a polyhedron comprising an n-sided polygon base, a second base which is a translated copy (rigidly moved without rotation) of the first, and n other faces, necessarily all parallelograms, joining corresponding sides of the two bases. All cross-sections parallel to the bases are translations of the bases. Prisms are named after their bases, e.g. a prism with a pentagonal base is called a pentagonal prism. Prisms are a subclass of prismatoids.

Like many basic geometric terms, the word prism (from Greek  πρίσμα (prisma) 'something sawed') was first used in Euclid's Elements. Euclid defined the term in Book XI as "a solid figure contained by two opposite, equal and parallel planes, while the rest are parallelograms". However, this definition has been criticized for not being specific enough in regard to the nature of the bases (a cause of some confusion amongst generations of later geometry writers).
Eumetabola
Eumetabola is an unranked clade of Neoptera. Two large unities known as the Eumetabola and Paurometabola are probably from the adelphotaxa of the Neoptera after exclusion of the Plecoptera. The monophyly of these unities appears to be weakly justified.

According to a phylogenetic analysis, the Eumetabola clade originated 390–350 million years ago, in the Late Devonian.

Plecoptera
Plecoptera is an order of insects commonly known as stoneflies. Some 3,500 species are described worldwide, with new species still being discovered. Stoneflies are found worldwide, except Antarctica. Stoneflies are believed to be one of the most primitive groups of Neoptera, with close relatives identified from the Carboniferous and Lower Permian geological periods, while true stoneflies are known from fossils only a bit younger. Their modern diversity, however, apparently is of Mesozoic origin.

Plecoptera are found in both the Southern and Northern Hemispheres, and the populations are quite distinct, although the evolutionary evidence suggests species may have crossed the equator on a number of occasions before once again becoming geographically isolated.

All species of Plecoptera are intolerant of water pollution, and the presence of their nymphs in a stream or still water is usually an indicator of good or excellent water quality.
William Thomas (Newfoundland politician)
William Thomas (1785 – November 5, 1863) was an English-born merchant and politician. Thomas was elected to the House of Assembly representing the district of St. John's on the first general election held in Newfoundland in 1832.

Thomas was active in the effort to earn Newfoundland its own parliament and was appointed to the committee "to petition his majesty for a legislature."  He was also active in the concerns of the poor, serving on numerous committees to help improve their condition, including work on a commission to assign work to those on welfare.

Thomas was born in Dartmouth, Devon. He came to Newfoundland in 1801 and entered business in partnership with his brother Henry. Thomas was named to the colony's three-person Executive Council in 1833, working on early efforts to establish self-governance for Newfoundland.  He returned to England around 1850, and died at Huyton.

Huyton
Huyton (/ˈhaɪtən/ HY-tən) is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley, Merseyside, England. Part of the Liverpool Built-up Area, it borders the Liverpool suburbs of Dovecot, Knotty Ash and Netherley.

Historically in Lancashire, Huyton was an ancient parish which in the mid-19th century contained Croxteth Park, Knowsley and Tarbock. It was part of the hundred of West Derby, an ancient subdivision of Lancashire covering the south-west of the county.
Symmetric monoidal category
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a symmetric monoidal category is a monoidal category (i.e. a category in which a "tensor product"  is defined) such that the tensor product is symmetric (i.e.  is, in a certain strict sense, naturally isomorphic to  for all objects  and  of the category). One of the prototypical examples of a symmetric monoidal category is the category of vector spaces over some fixed field k, using the ordinary tensor product of vector spaces.

Nerve (category theory)
In category theory, a discipline within mathematics, the nerve N(C) of a small category C is a simplicial set constructed from the objects and morphisms of C. The geometric realization of this simplicial set is a topological space, called the classifying space of the category C. These closely related objects can provide information about some familiar and useful categories using algebraic topology, most often homotopy theory.
PROLITH
PROLITH (abbreviated from Positive Resist Optical LITHography) is a computer simulator modeling the  optical and chemical aspects of photolithography. Chris Mack started developing PROLITH after he began working in the field of photolithography at the NSA in 1983.

PROLITH was first developed on an IBM PC. The models implemented by the software were based on the work done by Rick Dill at IBM and Andy Neureuther at UC Berkeley, together with Chris Mack's own contributions such as the Mack model.

Originally PROLITH was given away for free, while NSA was paying Chris Mack's salary.  In 1990 he founded FINLE Technologies to commercialize PROLITH. The first commercial version of the software, named PROLITH/2, was released in June of that year. PROLITH was made easier to use and it grew to include many more aspects of lithography simulation.

FINLE Technologies was purchased in February 2000 by KLA-Tencor, which now markets PROLITH.

KLA Corporation
KLA Corporation is an American company based in Milpitas, California that makes wafer fab equipment. It supplies process control and yield management systems for the semiconductor industry and other related nanoelectronics industries. The company's products and services are intended for all phases of wafer, reticle, integrated circuit (IC) and packaging production, from research and development to final volume manufacturing.
Kimmo Lipponen
Kimmo Lipponen (born 9 December 1962) is a Finnish football coach and a former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He was capped six times for the Finland national team between 1983 and 1984. Lipponen made 301 appearances in Finnish top-tiers Mestaruussarja and Veikkausliiga, scoring 49 goals. He spent the majority of his career with his former youth club TPS. Besides in his native Finland, Lipponen played for First Vienna in Austrian Bundesliga and Oxelösund in Sweden.

After his playing career, Lipponen worked as a coach. In 1999, he briefly served as the manager of VPS in Veikkausliiga after the dismissal of Sören Cratz.  Later he has worked for the Football Association of Finland and coached various Finnish youth national teams.

His brother Mika Lipponen is also a former Finnish international footballer.

Vaasan Palloseura
Vaasan Palloseura, commonly known as VPS, is a Finnish football club, based in Vaasa. It currently plays in the first tier of Finnish football (Veikkausliiga). The club's current manager is Jussi Nuorela. The club plays its home matches at Hietalahti. VPS played twice in the UEFA Cup in 1998–99 and in 1999–00, but were knocked out in the 2nd Qualifying Round by Grazer AK of Austria and in the 1st Qualifying Round by St Johnstone of Scotland.

In spring of 2015 it was announced that the construction of VPS's new stadium would start soon. The construction of the new stadium began in the summer of 2015 and was completed in August 2016.
Koštice
Koštice is a municipality and village in Louny District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.

Koštice lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) north-east of Louny, 30 km (19 mi) south of Ústí nad Labem, and 49 km (30 mi) north-west of Prague.

Ústí nad Labem
Ústí nad Labem (Czech pronunciation: [ˈuːsciː nad ˈlabɛm] ⓘ; German: Aussig) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 91,000 inhabitants and is the capital of the Ústí nad Labem Region. It is a major industrial centre and, besides being an active river port, is an important railway junction.
Sidaction
Sidaction is a major French public event that started in 1994 in France for raising awareness and collecting charitable funds for AIDS. It donates important sums to various AIDS charities, HIV/AIDS research, institutions specializing in medical care and social aid for those suffering of HIV/AIDS in France and internationally. In 2007, for example, Sidaction allocated donations to 111 programs in 29 countries. Sidaction was presided by Pierre Bergé and its vice-president is Line Renaud. After Bergé's death in September 2017, Françoise Barré-Sinoussi was assigned as new president.

HIV/AIDS research
HIV/AIDS research includes all medical research that attempts to prevent, treat, or cure HIV/AIDS, as well as fundamental research about the nature of HIV as an infectious agent and AIDS as the disease caused by HIV.
Antonio León
Antonio León Amador, Spanish footballer

Antonio León Ortega, Spanish sculptor

Antonio León Zapata, Peruvian congressman

Antonio de León y Gama, Mexican astronomer, anthropologist and writer

Antonio Leon (swimmer), Paraguayan swimmer

Antonio León (soldier), active in the Battle of Molino del Rey

Antonio Leon (swimmer)
Antonio Manuel Leon Candia (born August 4, 1982) is a Paraguayan former swimmer, who specialized in breaststroke events. During his sporting career, he represented Paraguay, as an eighteen-year-old, at the 2000 Summer Olympics, and in all four editions of the FINA World Championships since 2001. Leon also trained for Deportivo de Puerto Sajonia, under his longtime coach and mentor Roberto Colmán.

Leon competed only in the men's 100 m breaststroke at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. He received a Universality place from FINA, without meeting an entry time. He participated in heat one against two other swimmers Kieran Chan of Papua New Guinea and Joe Atuhaire of Uganda. Leon pulled away from a small field, and opened up his lead to a top seed in a new Paraguayan record of 1:08.12. Leon failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed sixty-first overall on the first day of prelims.
Timeline of geopolitical changes (1900–1999)
This is a timeline of geopolitical changes around the world between 1900 and 1999. It includes dates of declarations of independence, changes in country name, changes of capital city or name, and changes in territory such as the annexation, cession, concession, occupation, or secession of land. Territorial conquests as a result of war are included on the timeline at the conclusion of military campaigns, but changes in the course of specific battles and day-to-day operations are generally not included. Changes in airspace and maritime territory are included only when they are subject to a dispute. Over 50% of the world's borders today were drawn as a result of British and French imperialism. The British and French drew the modern borders of the Middle East, 80% of the borders of Africa, in Asia after the independence of the British Raj and French Indochina and the borders of Europe after World War I as victors, as a result of the Paris treaties.

Military campaign
A military campaign is large-scale long-duration significant military strategy plan incorporating a series of interrelated military operations or battles forming a distinct part of a larger conflict often called a war. The term derives from the plain of Campania, a place of annual wartime operations by the armies of the Roman Republic.
Phase-out of polystyrene foam
In the late 20th and early 21st century, there has been a global movement towards the phase-out of polystyrene foam as a single use plastic (SUP). Early bans of polystyrene foam intended to eliminate ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), formerly a major component.

Expanded polystyrene, often termed Styrofoam, is a contributor of microplastics from both land and maritime activities. Polystyrene is not biodegradeable but is susceptible to photo-oxidation, and degrades slowly in the ocean as microplastic marine debris. Animals do not recognize polystyrene foam as an artificial material, may mistake it for food, and show toxic effects after substantial exposure.

Full or partial bans of expanded and polystyrene foam commonly target disposable food packaging. Such bans have been enacted through national legislation globally, and also at sub-national or local levels in many countries.

Chlorofluorocarbon
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are fully or partly halogenated hydrocarbons that contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), chlorine (Cl), and fluorine (F). They are produced as volatile derivatives of methane, ethane, and propane.

The most common example of a CFC is dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12). R-12, also commonly called Freon, is used as a refrigerant. Many CFCs have been widely used as refrigerants, propellants (in aerosol applications), gaseous fire suppression systems, and solvents. As a result of CFCs contributing to ozone depletion in the upper atmosphere, the manufacture of such compounds has been phased out under the Montreal Protocol, and they are being replaced with other products such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) including R-410A, R-134a and R-1234yf.
CAB (band)
CAB is an American jazz fusion supergroup founded by Bunny Brunel, Dennis Chambers, and Tony MacAlpine. Since their formation in 2000, they have released four studio albums and two live albums. Their second album, CAB 2, received a nomination for Best Contemporary Jazz Album at the 2002 Grammy Awards. Other members who have been a part of CAB include Patrice Rushen, Virgil Donati, David Hirschfelder, and Brian Auger.

When asked about the band's name, Brunel said:

...Center Tone Records wanted me to record an album with Dennis Chambers and Tony MacAlpine. [I thought I’d create an acronym of our last names] Chambers, Alpine, and Brunel. I didn’t know that MacAlpine was an ‘M’ and not separate from the ‘A.’ But we thought it was a good way to carry the music... CAB, so we left it like that.

Shrapnel Records
Shrapnel Records is an American record label group founded by record producer Mike Varney. The group principally uses the Shrapnel Records record label, a guitar-oriented label which features shred guitar, hard rock, metal and progressive metal. In the 1990s, he also started the Tone Center Records and Blues Bureau International sublabels to promote fusion and blues.

Blues Bureau artists include Rick Derringer, Eric Gales, Marc Ford, Chris Duarte, Leslie West and Pat Travers.

Tone Center Records grew out of Varney's admiration for the jazz fusion of the 1970s and groups such as The Tony Williams Lifetime, Mahavishnu Orchestra, Return to Forever, and Soft Machine. Tone Center's early releases included drummer Steve Smith and guitarists Larry Coryell,  Frank Gambale, and Scott Henderson.
Slavomír Kňazovický
Slavomír Kňazovický (born 3 May 1967 in Piešťany) is a Czechoslovak-Slovak sprint canoer who competed from the early 1990s to the early 2000s (decade). Competing in three Summer Olympics, he won a silver in the C-1 500 m event at Atlanta in 1996.

An out-and-out sprinter, his preferred distance was in fact the 200 m (not included on the Olympic schedule). In 1997 he became European C-1 200 m champion in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The following year he won the silver medal in Szeged, Hungary. In 1999 he was a bronze medallist at both the World and European Championships. Kňazovický also earned a bronze in the C-4 500 m event at the 1994 World championships in Mexico City.

Kňazovický is now the coach of the current Slovakian number one Marián Ostrčil.

1998 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1998 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Szeged, Hungary.

The men's competition consisted of nine Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Women competed in eight events, all in kayak.

This was the 29th championships in canoe sprint.
Roman Catholic Diocese of Dolia
The Diocese of Dolia (Latin: Dioecesis Doliensis) was a Roman Catholic diocese, whose episcopal seat was located in the town of Dolianova in the Province of Cagliari in the Italian region Sardinia. Estalished in the 11th century, it was a suffragan (subordinate) of the metropolitan of Cagliari). The diocese was suppressed (abolished) in 1503 by Pope Julius II.

Dolianova
Dolianova (Sardinian: Patiolla) is an Italian town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Cagliari, Sardinia. The town was established on 25 June 1905 from the fusion of two centers: Sicci San Biagio and San Pantaleo. Its economy is based on agriculture (wine and olive oil). The name "Dolianova" has obscure origins. It is thought to be related to the Latin "Pars Olea" (Place of Oil).
Lagdadra
Lagdadra is a small town and rural commune in Essaouira Province of the Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 6678 people living in 1263 households.

2004 Moroccan census
The 2004 Moroccan census, formally the General Population and Housing Census for the year 2004, was held in Morocco in 2004, conducted by the High Planning Commission. The previous census was taken in 1994.
Axial flow valve
The axial flow valve, or Thayer valve, is a brass instrument valve design patented in 1978 by American inventor Orla Ed Thayer. Designed with assistance from instrument maker Zigmant Kanstul, it was originally intended to replace the traditional rotary valve on the French horn, but instead revolutionized the design of trombone valve attachments. Combined with open-wrap tubing, it eliminates the impedance caused by tight tubing bends, improving the airflow through the instrument and the open "feel" perceived by the player.

Bore (wind instruments)
In music, the bore of a wind instrument (including woodwind and brass) is its interior chamber.  This defines a flow path through which air travels, which is set into vibration to produce sounds.  The shape of the bore has a strong influence on the instrument's timbre.
Leon Polk Smith
Leon Polk Smith (1906–1996) was an American painter. His geometrically oriented abstract paintings were influenced by Piet Mondrian and he is a follower of the hard-edge school. His best-known paintings constitute maximally reduced forms, characterized by just two colors on a canvas meeting in a sharply delineated edge, often on an unframed canvas of unusual shape. His work is represented in many museums in the United States, Europe, and South America. Thanks to a generous bequest from the artist, the Brooklyn Museum owns a number of his works.

Hard-edge painting
Hard-edge painting (also referred to as hard edge or hard-edged) is painting in which abrupt transitions are found between color areas. Color areas often consist of one unvarying color. The style is related to geometric abstraction, op art, post-painterly abstraction, and color field.
Charles Allen Duval
Charles Allen Duval, often spelled duVal or Du Val (19 March 1810 – 14 June 1872), was a well-known Victorian portrait painter, photographer, literary critic, illustrator and writer. He played a large role within the city of Manchester's thriving art scene, including the Manchester Academy of Fine Arts, the Manchester City Art Gallery and the Art Treasures Exhibition, Manchester 1857:  a scene which was underpinned by Manchester's industrial entrepreneurs and politicians who all flocked to his studio to have their portraits painted.

Manchester Art Gallery
Manchester Art Gallery, formerly Manchester City Art Gallery, is a publicly owned art museum on Mosley Street in Manchester city centre, England. The main gallery premises were built for a learned society in 1823 and today its collection occupies three connected buildings, two of which were designed by Sir Charles Barry. Both of Barry's buildings are listed. The building that links them was designed by Hopkins Architects following an architectural design competition managed by RIBA Competitions. It opened in 2002 following a major renovation and expansion project undertaken by the art gallery.

Manchester Art Gallery is free to enter and open six days a week, closed Mondays. It houses many works of local and international significance and has a collection of more than 25,000 objects. More than half a million people visited the museum in the period of a year, according to figures released in April 2014.
Nyhavn 51
Nyhavn 51  is an 18th-century canal house overlooking the Nyhavn canal in central Copenhagen, Denmark. Above the door is a painted stone relief depicting a lamb. The property was formerly known as Lammet (English: The Lamb) and the sign was used for identification in a time when house numbers had still not been introduced. The letters are the initials of the builder Henrich Lambertsen Engel and his wife Karen Nielsdatter Holm. The building was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1918. It was subject to Schalburgtage during World War II but restored. Notable former residents include the portrait painter Hans Jørgen Hammer, the marine artist Carl Frederik Sørensen and Swedish actress Eva Eklund.

Nyhavn
Nyhavn (Danish pronunciation: [ˈnyˌhɑwˀn]; New Haven) is a 17th-century waterfront, canal and entertainment district in Copenhagen, Denmark. Stretching from Kongens Nytorv to the Inner Harbour just south of the Royal Playhouse, it is lined by brightly coloured 17th and early 18th century townhouses and bars, cafes and restaurants. The canal harbours many historical wooden ships.
Eva Klotz
Eva Klotz (born 4 June 1951) is an Italian politician. She was a member of the Landtag of South Tyrol for 31 years, from 1983 until 2014. She represented several parties during that time, latterly (from 2007) the South Tyrolean Freedom.

Landtag of South Tyrol
The Landtag of South Tyrol is the provincial council (German: Südtiroler Landtag; Italian: Consiglio della Provincia autonoma di Bolzano; Ladin: Cunsëi dla Provinzia autonoma de Bulsan) of the autonomous province of South Tyrol (Bolzano) in northeast Italy.

As a legislature it is responsible for passing laws at the provincial level and enacting the budget. It also elects the governor and controls the government of South Tyrol. The president (speaker) of the Landtag (German: Landtagspräsident; Italian: Presidente del Consiglio) since 13 November 2023 is Josef Noggler (SVP).

The council is elected for five-year terms. Its seats are assigned proportionally to each party and list. The last election was held on 22 October 2023.

The council is located in Piazza Silvius Magnago, Bolzano.