hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Simeon Ackroyd Shaw
Simeon Ackroyd Shaw (1785–1859) was a 19th-century English scientific writer, industrial historian and teacher.  He spent his working life in the Staffordshire Potteries, now the city of Stoke-on-Trent, England.

Stoke-on-Trent
Stoke-on-Trent (often abbreviated to Stoke) is a city and unitary authority area in Staffordshire, England. It had an estimated population of 259,965 in 2022, making it the largest settlement in Staffordshire and one of the largest cities of the Midlands. Stoke is surrounded by the towns of Newcastle-under-Lyme, Alsager, Kidsgrove and Biddulph, which form a conurbation around the city.

The city is polycentric, formed from the federation of six towns in 1910. It took its name from the town of Stoke-upon-Trent, where the main centre of government and the principal railway station in the district were located. Hanley is the primary commercial centre. The other four towns which form the city are Burslem, Tunstall, Longton and Fenton.

As the home of the pottery industry in England, the area is known as The Potteries. It is a centre for service industries and distribution centres. It formerly had a primarily heavy industry sector.
Eddy Current Suppression Ring
Eddy Current Suppression Ring (often abbreviated as ECSR) are an Australian garage rock band originating from Melbourne. Formed in 2003, the band consists of Daniel Young p.k.a. "Danny Current" on drums, his brother Michael Young p.k.a. "Eddy Current" on lead guitar and keyboard, Brendan Huntley p.k.a. "Brendan Suppression" on lead vocals and Brad Barry p.k.a. "Rob Solid" on bass guitar. They have released four studio albums, Eddy Current Suppression Ring (October 2006), Primary Colours (May 2008), Rush to Relax (February 2010) and All in Good Time (December 2019). At the ARIA Music Awards of 2008, Primary Colours was nominated for Best Rock Album. It won the Australian Music Prize of $30,000 for the band in March 2009. Rush to Relax peaked at No. 20 on the ARIA Albums chart and was listed in the book, 100 Best Australian Albums (2010). At the ARIA Music Awards of 2010 it was nominated for Best Rock Album and Best Independent Release.

Shock Records
Shock Records was an Australian independent record label, branded with the logo Shock or Shock Australia. Founded in 1988, it traded as Shock Records Pty. Ltd, and its publishing arm as Shock Music Publishing Pty. Ltd. Its most prominent sublabel was Permanent Records. After going into receivership in August 2010, company assets were bought by Regency Media Group, and the company was rebranded Shock Entertainment. Regency Media folded in February 2023.
Gota de Leche Building
The Gota de Leche Building is a heritage site located in Sampaloc, Manila, Philippines. It was designated as an Important Cultural Property by the National Museum of the Philippines in August 2014. The cultural heritage site was named an Honourable Mention in the 2003 UNESCO Asia Pacific Heritage Awards.

UNESCO Asia-Pacific Heritage Awards
UNESCO Asia-Pacific Heritage Awards, also known as the UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation is a regional flagship programme of UNESCO since 2000, in recognition of the archievement made by the private sector and public-private initiatives in conserving or restoring cultural heritage sites in the Asia-Pacific region.

The objective is to motivate the protection of cultural heritage sites initiated by the private sector or through public-private collaboration.
Robin Vik
Robin Vik (born 5 February 1980) is a Czech professional tennis player.

Vik turned professional in 1995 and he reached a career high ranking of World No. 57 in January 2006. Career highlight runs are reaching the semifinals of St. Petersburg in 2005 and the quarterfinals of Dubai and Munich in 2006. Notable victories include World No. 10 Gastón Gaudio at the 2006 World Team Cup in Düsseldorf, World No. 25 Tomáš Berdych at Dubai in 2006, World No. 27 and recent US Open semifinalist Mikhail Youzhny at St. Petersburg in 2005 and a declining World No. 27 and defending champion Guillermo Coria at Umag in 2006.

Vik was beaten in the first round of the 2006 Australian Open by Lleyton Hewitt in a tight 5-setter after leading 2 sets to 1.

Guillermo Coria
Guillermo Sebastián Coria (born 13 January 1982), nicknamed El Mago (The Magician in Spanish), is an Argentine former professional tennis player. He reached a career-high ATP world No. 3 singles ranking in May 2004. Coria achieved his best results on clay, where he won eight of his nine ATP singles titles, and during his prime years in 2003 and 2004 was considered "the world's best clay-court player." He reached the final of the 2004 French Open, where he was defeated by Gastón Gaudio despite serving for the match twice and being up two sets to love. In later years, injuries and a lack of confidence affected his game, and he retired in 2009 at the age of 27. Between 2001 and 2002, he served a seven-month suspension for taking the banned substance nandrolone.
Yearby
Yearby is a village in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. It is located half a mile south of Kirkleatham on the B1269 road to Guisborough, close to Marske-by-the-Sea.

Ceremonial counties of England
Ceremonial counties, formally known as counties for the purposes of the lieutenancies, are areas of England to which lord-lieutenants are appointed.  A lord-lieutenant is the monarch's representative in an area.

Shrieval counties have the same boundaries and serve a similar purpose, being the areas to which high sheriffs are appointed. High sheriffs are the monarch's judicial representative in an area.

The ceremonial counties are defined in the Lieutenancies Act 1997, and the shrieval counties in the Sheriffs Act 1887. Both are defined as groups of counties used for local government.
Camylofin
Camylofin is an antimuscarinic drug.

Camylofin is a smooth muscle relaxant with both anticholinergic action and direct smooth muscle action. Anticholinergic action is produced by inhibiting the binding of acetylcholine to muscarinic receptors, but the action is less pronounced. Direct smooth muscle relaxation is achieved by inhibiting phosphodiesterase type IV, which leads to increased cyclic AMP and eventually reduced cytosolic calcium. Thus camylofin has a comprehensive action to relieve smooth muscle spasm. It is used to treat stomach ache in infants and children. Usually it is given in combination with paracetamol to treat stomach ache, as well as pyrexia.

Spasm
A spasm is a sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ, such as the bladder.

A spasmodic muscle contraction may be caused by many medical conditions, including dystonia. Most commonly, it is a muscle cramp which is accompanied by a sudden burst of pain. A muscle cramp is usually harmless and ceases after a few minutes. It is typically caused by ion imbalance or muscle fatigue.

There are other causes of involuntary muscle contractions, and some of these may cause a health problem.

A series of spasms, or permanent spasms, is referred to as a "spasmism".
Hanns Heinz Ewers
Hanns Heinz Ewers (3 November 1871 – 12 June 1943) was a German actor, poet, philosopher, and writer of short stories and novels. While he wrote on a wide range of subjects, he is now known mainly for his works of horror, particularly his trilogy of novels about the adventures of Frank Braun, a character modeled on himself. The best known of these is Alraune (1911).

Stanisław Przybyszewski
Stanisław Przybyszewski (Polish pronunciation: [staˈɲiswaf pʂɨbɨˈʂɛfskʲi]; 7 May 1868 – 23 November 1927) was a Polish novelist, dramatist, and poet of the decadent naturalistic school. His drama is associated with the Symbolist movement. He wrote both in Polish and in German.
Juan Ostoic
Juan Benito Ostoic Ostojic (21 March 1931 – 25 June 2020), known as Juan Ostoic, was a Chilean basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics and the 1956 Summer Olympics.

After his playing career, Ostoic became a coach, leading Unión Española to multiple Chilean titles. He also served as an assistant for the Chilean national basketball team.

Ostoic also created crossword puzzles for the La Tercera newspaper since 1981 under the pseudonym "Jota O".

Chile men's national basketball team
The Chile national basketball team is controlled by the Federación de Básquetbol de Chile. It is affiliated to FIBA, under the zone confederation of FIBA Americas.

In the 1950s, Chile had one of the finest national basketball teams in the world. In more recent years team has primarily competed regionally at the FIBA South American Championship.
Gajendrakumar Mitra
Gajendra Kumar Mitra (Bengali: গজেন্দ্র কুমার মিত্র) (11 November 1908 – 16 October 1994) was a Bengali writer. In the year 1959, he won the Sahitya Akademi Award in Bengali for his novel, Kolkatar Kāchhei (A Stone's Throw from Kolkata).

Sahitya Akademi Award
The Sahitya Akademi Award  is a literary  honour in India,  which the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the 24 languages of the 8th Schedule to the Indian constitution as well as in English and Rajasthani language.

Established in 1954, the award comprises a plaque and a cash prize of ₹ 100,000. The award's purpose is to recognise and promote excellence in Indian writing and acknowledge new trends. The annual process of selecting awardees runs for the preceding 12 months. The plaque awarded by the Sahitya Akademi was designed by the Indian filmmaker Satyajit Ray. Prior to this, the plaque occasionally was made of marble, but this practice was discontinued because of its excessive weight. During the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965, the plaque was substituted with national savings bonds.
U.S. Route 6 in Colorado
U.S. Highway 6 (US 6) is a part of the United States Numbered Highway System that travels from Bishop, California, to Provincetown, Massachusetts. In the U.S. state of Colorado, US 6 is an east–west highway stretching from Utah to Nebraska. Much of the route overlaps other highways in Colorado, and, as a result, much of US 6 is unsigned.

Provincetown, Massachusetts
Provincetown (/ˈprɒvɪnsˌtaʊn/) is a town located at the tip of Cape Cod in Massachusetts. A small coastal resort town with a year-round population of 3,664 as of the 2020 United States census, Provincetown has a summer population as high as 60,000. It contains the census-designated place of the same name. Often called "P-town" or "Ptown", the locale is known as a vacation destination for its beaches, harbor, artists, and tourist industry, particularly for LGBTQ people.
Essendon West
Essendon West is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 10 km (6.2 mi) north-west of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Moonee Valley local government area. Essendon West recorded a population of 1,559 at the 2021 census.

Essendon West is bounded in the west by the Steele Creek, in the north by Rosehill Road, in the east by Afton Street and Hoffmans Road, and in the south by the Maribyrnong River.

Essendon West is primarily residential with a range of housing ranging from interwar Californian Bungalows to post war dwellings and modern homes.

City of Moonee Valley
The City of Moonee Valley is a local government area located within the metropolitan area of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It comprises the inner north-western suburbs between 3 and 13 kilometres from the Melbourne city centre. In 2023, the City of Moonee Valley Estimated Resident Population was 126,486, with a population density of 2,935 persons per square km, based on the 2023 Census.
Russek
Russek is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonio Russek (born 1954), Mexican music composer

Frank Russek (1875/1876–1948), Polish-born American businessman, co-founder of Russeks
Russeks, ladies' fur and clothing department store in New York City, co-founded by Frank

Jorge Russek (1932–1998), Mexican actor

Louis Russek (1895–1985), American businessman; founder of Healthtex, a manufacturer of children's clothing

Estelle Russek-Cohen, American biostatistician

Estelle Russek-Cohen
Estelle Russek-Cohen (also published as Estelle Russek) is an American biostatistician and expert on biometrics. Formerly a professor at the University of Maryland, College Park and division director in the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research or the Food and Drug Administration, she has retired to become a statistical consultant.
2015 Nottingham Open
The 2015 Nottingham Open (known for sponsorship reasons as the Aegon Open Nottingham) was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the fifth edition of the event for the women (the first since 1974) and the 20th edition for the men (the first since 2008). It was classified as a WTA International tournament on the 2015 WTA Tour and as an ATP World Tour 250 series tournament on the 2015 ATP World Tour. The event took place at the Nottingham Tennis Centre in Nottingham, United Kingdom from 8 June through 15 June 2015 for the women, and from 21 June through 27 June 2015 for the men.

ATP 250 tournaments
The ATP 250 tournaments are the lowest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments on the main ATP Tour, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, and ATP 500 tournaments. The winners of each tournament are awarded 250 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2026, the series included 30 tournaments after the retirement of four tournaments (Atlanta, Córdoba, Lyon and Metz), the downgrade of two in 2025 (Estoril for a year, and Newport) and the upgrade of three tournaments to the 500 level (Dallas, Doha and Munich). Draws usually consist of 28 for singles, with Brisbane International (32) and Winston-Salem Open (48) being the only exceptions. Doubles draws consist of 16 teams.

Thomas Muster holds the record for most singles titles at 26, while Mike Bryan holds the record for most doubles titles won with 46.
David R. Harris (sociologist)
David R. Harris is an American sociologist and academic administrator. He is former president of Union College and former chancellor of Union University. He previously served as the provost of Tufts University.

Union College
Union College is a private liberal arts college in Schenectady, New York, United States. Founded in 1795, it was the first institution of higher learning chartered by the New York State Board of Regents, and second in the state of New York, after Columbia College. In the 19th century, it became known as the "Mother of Fraternities", because three of the earliest Greek-letter fraternities were established there. Union began enrolling women in 1970, after 175 years as an all-male institution. The college offers a liberal arts curriculum across 21 academic departments, including ABET-accredited engineering degree programs.
Hieracium longipilum
Hieracium longipilum, the hairy hawkweed, is a North American plant species in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae. It is widespread across much of central Canada and the central United States from Ontario south to Texas and Louisiana. There are old reports of the species growing in Québec, but apparently does not grow there now.

Hieracium longipilum is an herb up to 200 cm (79 in) or 6 2/3 feet) tall, with leaves in a rosette at the bottom and also along the stem. Leaves, stems, and the bracts surrounding the flower heads are covered with long and conspicuous hairs up to 15 mm (0.59 in) long. Leaves are up to 25 cm (9.8 in) long, with no teeth on the edges. One stalk will produce 10-12 flower heads in a conical or nearly cylindrical array. Each head has 30-60 yellow ray flowers but no disc flowers.

Cichorieae
The Cichorieae (also called Lactuceae) are a tribe in the plant family Asteraceae that includes 93 genera, more than 1,600 sexually reproductive species and more than 7,000 apomictic species. They are found primarily in temperate regions of the Eastern Hemisphere. Cichorieae all have milky latex and flowerheads that only contain one type of floret. The genera Gundelia and Warionia only have disk florets, while all other genera only have ligulate florets. The genera that contain most species are Taraxacum (Crepidinae subtribe) with about 1,600 apomictic species, Hieracium with about 770 sexually reproducing and 5,200 apomictic species, and Pilosella with 110 sexually reproducing and 700 apomictic species (both Hieraciinae). Well-known members include lettuce, chicory, dandelion, and salsify.
Bhabesh Chandra Nandi
Bhabesh Chandra Nandi (Bengali: ভবেশচন্দ্র নন্দি, Urdu: بھویش چندر نندی) was a representative of East Pakistan in the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan.

In 1950, Nandi was elected to the East Bengal Legislative Assembly on a Pakistan National Congress ticket from the East Dacca constituency, after the incumbent MLA Ganendra Chandra Bhattacharjee (from Congress) migrated to India. He was a member of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan.

Provincial Assembly of East Pakistan
The East Pakistan Provincial Assembly, known as the East Bengal Legislative Assembly between 1947 and 1955, was the provincial legislature of East Pakistan between 1947 and 1971. It was known as the East Bengal Assembly from 1947 to 1955 when the provincial name was changed. The legislature was a successor to the Bengal Legislative Council and the Bengal Legislative Assembly, which were divided between East Bengal and West Bengal during the partition of Bengal in 1947. It was the largest provincial legislature in Pakistan. Elections were held only twice in 1954 and 1970.

During the Bangladesh War of Independence in 1971, most Bengali members elected to the Pakistani National Assembly and the East Pakistani provincial assembly became members of the Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh.
Serotonylation
Serotonylation is a receptor independent signaling mechanism by which serotonin activates intracellular processes by creating long lasting covalent bonds upon proteins. It occurs through the modification of proteins by the attachment of serotonin  on their glutamine residues. This happens through the enzyme transglutaminase and the creation of glutamyl-amide bonds.  This  process occurs following serotonin transportation  into the cell rather on plasma membranes as with the brief interactions that serotonin has when it activates 5-HT receptors.

Glossary of biology
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms. It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology, Glossary of environmental science and Glossary of scientific naming, or any of the organism-specific glossaries in Category:Glossaries of biology.
Oliver Avenue Bridge
Oliver Avenue Bridge was a historic railroad bridge located at Middletown in Orange County, New York.  It was built in 1895 by the Havana Bridge Works.  It was a single span, metal trough Pratt truss structure measuring 20 feet wide and 105 feet long. The bridge has been demolished.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Orange County, New York
Orange County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 401,310. The county seat is Goshen. This county was first created in 1683 and reorganized with its present boundaries in 1798. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

Orange County is part of the Kiryas Joel-Poughkeepsie-Newburgh metropolitan statistical area, which belongs to the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY–NJ–CT–PA Combined Statistical Area.

As of the 2020 census the center of population of the state of New York was located in Orange County, in the hamlet of Cuddebackville.
Shaman artifacts in Panama
Shaman artifacts in Panama refer to archaeological discoveries associated with ritual and ceremonial practices in pre-Columbian societies with the earliest known shamanic artifacts dating to the Paleoindian period (circa 10,000–7,000 BCE). These artifacts, which include gold ornaments, carved stones, and ceremonial tools, have been discovered at excavation sites such as El Caño, Sitio Conte, and Cerro Juan Díaz. Archaeological and ethnographic studies indicate that the presence of ritual specialists, often identified as shamans, in Panama dates back at least 3,000 years. Further findings suggest that shamanistic practices were well-established by the Coclé culture (750–950 CE), as evidenced by artifacts linked to ceremonial activities. Some indigenous groups, including the Ngäbe and Buglé peoples, continue to observe ritual practices involving sacred plants, ceremonial objects, and traditional healing methods.

Sitio Conte
Sitio Conte is an archaeological site located in the Coclé province of Panama near Parita Bay.  It can best be described as a necropolis and a "paradigmatic example of a ranked or chiefdom society".  Based on dates from the goldwork and polychrome ceramics found at the site, its use is dated from approximately AD 450–900.  While the site has remained untouched since the final excavations in 1940, its mortuary remains are considered to be a critical resource to archaeologists, as they aid in the interpretation of the social dynamics in the region between AD 500 and 1500.
2025 British Seniors Open
The 2025 British Seniors Open  (officially the 2025 JenningsBet British Seniors Open) was a snooker tournament that took place from 26 to 28 December 2025 at the Vaillant Live in Derby, England. Organised by World Seniors Snooker, the event was broadcast in the United Kingdom by Channel 5.

Joe Perry won the event, defeating Jimmy White 7‍–‍5 in the final. The tournament produced 3 centuries, the highest being a 131 by Perry in the semi-finals.

Matthew Stevens
Matthew John Stevens (born 11 September 1977) is a Welsh professional snooker player. He has won two of the game's Triple Crown events, the Masters in 2000 and the UK Championship in 2003. He has also been a two-time runner-up in the other triple crown event, the World Snooker Championship, in 2000 and 2005. Stevens reached a career high ranking of No. 4 for the 2005/2006 season. Stevens has compiled more than 350 century breaks during his career.
Beowulf cluster
A Beowulf cluster is a computer cluster of normally identical, commodity-grade computers networked into a small local area network with libraries and programs installed that allow processing to be shared among them. The result is a high-performance parallel computing cluster from inexpensive personal computer hardware.

Local area network
A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, campus, or building, and has its network equipment and interconnects locally managed. LANs facilitate the distribution of data and sharing network devices, such as printers.

The LAN contrasts the wide area network (WAN), which not only covers a larger geographic distance, but also generally involves leased telecommunication circuits or Internet links. An even greater contrast is the Internet, which is a system of globally connected business and personal computers.

Ethernet and Wi-Fi are the two most common technologies used for local area networks; historical network technologies include ARCNET, Token Ring, and LocalTalk.