hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Galshar, Khentii
Galshar (Mongolian: Галшар, also Gal-Shar, Buyant) is a sum (district) of Khentii Province in eastern Mongolia. Sum center former location was 41 33 49 16N 110 46 04 16 E. In 2010, its population was 1,807.

Districts of Mongolia
A district or sum (/sʊm/; Mongolian: сум ᠰᠤᠮᠤ) is a second-level administrative subdivision of Mongolia. The 21 provinces of Mongolia are divided into 330 sums.

On average, each district administers a territory of 4,200 km2 (1,600 sq mi) with about 5,000 inhabitants, primarily nomadic herders. Its total revenue is 120 million Tögrög, 90% of which comes from national subsidies.

Each district is again subdivided into bags (brigades; sometimes spelled baghs). Most bags are of an entirely virtual nature. Their purpose is to sort the families of nomads in the district into groups, without a permanent human settlement.

Officially, and occasionally on maps, many district seats (sum centers) bear a name different from that of the district. However, in practice the district seat (sum center) is most often referred to under the name of the district, to the point of the official name of the district seat (sum center) being unknown even to the locals.
Alteromonas macleodii
Alteromonas macleodii is a species of widespread marine bacterium found in surface waters across temperate and tropical regions. First discovered in a survey of aerobic bacteria in 1972, A. macleodii has since been placed within the phylum Pseudomonadota and is recognised as a prominent component of surface waters between 0 and 50 metres. Alteromonas macleodii has a single circular DNA chromosome of 4.6 million base pairs. Variable regions in the genome of A. macleodii confer functional diversity to closely related strains and facilitate different lifestyles and strategies. Certain A. macleodii strains are currently being explored for their industrial uses, including in cosmetics, bioethanol production and rare earth mining.

Pseudomonadota
Pseudomonadota (synonym "Proteobacteria") is a major phylum of gram-negative bacteria. They include pathogenic and free-living (non-parasitic) genera. The phylum comprises six classes Acidithiobacillia, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Hydrogenophilia, and Zetaproteobacteria. The Pseudomonadota are widely diverse, with differences in morphology, metabolic processes, relevance to humans, and ecological influence.
Bill Dimock
William Richmond Dimock (April 7, 1923 – November 22, 2016) was a Canadian ice hockey player with the Sudbury Wolves. He captained the team which won the silver medal at the 1949 World Ice Hockey Championships in Stockholm, Sweden.

He also played with the Verdun Rams and Alberta Golden Bears.

He lived in Pictou County, Nova Scotia, where he was honoured by the Pictou County Sports Heritage Hall of Fame in 2014. He died in 2016.

Sudbury Wolves
The Sudbury Wolves are an Ontario Hockey League (OHL) ice hockey team based in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.

Sudbury has had various hockey teams competing at the junior and senior ice hockey levels of the game known as the "Wolves" (or "Cub Wolves") nearly every year since around the time of World War I. The current junior franchise came into existence in 1972 when local businessman Mervin "Bud" Burke purchased the Niagara Falls Flyers and relocated the team to Sudbury.

The current franchise has never won the Memorial Cup, nor has it captured the J. Ross Robertson Cup. Despite this lack of championships, the team has been one of the top development franchises in major junior over its history, with over 120 players drafted in to the National Hockey League (NHL) since 1973. The Wolves have been a central part of Sudbury's history for decades, and the team is among the most iconic junior hockey franchises in all of North America.
Blasius Kleiner
Blasius Kleiner was a Franciscan friar who wrote the History of Bulgaria one year before Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya. It is not clear when and where he was born, but he died in 1785. He lived in Alvinz (Vințu de Jos).

In his motives for this historical work, as a non-Bulgarian /Transylvanian Saxon/ he points out that it was mainly Greeks who often experienced the power of Bulgarians who spoke about Bulgarian affairs little and accidentally and often concealed the truth. The other one he is famous for is the legend of Bucur (legendary shepherd).

Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya
Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya (Original Cyrillic: Истори́ѧ славѣноболгарскаѧ corrected from Їстори́ѧ славѣноболгарскаѧ; Bulgarian: История славянобългарска, romanized: Istoriya slavyanobalgarska, lit. 'Slav-Bulgarian History') is a book by Bulgarian scholar and clergyman Saint Paisius of Hilendar. Written in 1762, it is considered Saint Paisius of Hilendar's greatest work and one of the most influential pieces of the Bulgarian revival.

Although he was based in the Serbian monastery Hilandar, which was inhabited then mostly by Bulgarian monks, Paisius travelled extensively throughout the country and abroad and collected a vast amount of references to compile and write his concise but historically influential version of Bulgarian history. At that time the influx of Serbian monks decreased at the expense of Bulgarians, particularly from Macedonia. From the 17th to the 19th century, Hilandar was predominantly Bulgarian-populated.
Rispetti e strambotti
Rispetti e strambotti is a work for string quartet composed in 1920 by Gian Francesco Malipiero.  The piece was first performed on September 25, 1920, in Pittsfield, Massachusetts; it won the Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge Award.  The piece takes its title from two early forms of Italian poetry; rispetti were love messages from men to ladies, while strambotti were roundelays.  The piece is a single, coherent work meant to depict various aspects of the Renaissance, and is built up of numerous episodic melodic subjects.  Among the most significant are those depicting the clergy and peasantry; the former is a sort of plainchant, while the latter is a robust theme with astringent harmonies.

Rondelet
The rondelet is a brief French form of poetry. It contains a single septet, refrain, a strict rhyme scheme and a distinct meter pattern.

Rondelet is the diminutive of rondel, a similar, longer verse form. This is the basic structure:

Line 1: —four syllables

Line 2: —eight syllables

Line 3: —repeat of line one

Line 4: —eight syllables

Line 5: —eight syllables

Line 6: —eight syllables

Line 7: —repeat of line one

The refrained lines should contain the same words, however substitution or different use of punctuation on the lines has been common.
Inverted papilloma
An inverted papilloma, also known as Ringertz tumor, is a type of tumor in which surface  epithelial cells grow downward into the underlying supportive tissue. It may occur in the nose and/or sinuses or in the urinary tract (bladder, renal pelvis, ureter, urethra). When it occurs in the nose or sinuses, it may cause symptoms similar to those caused by sinusitis, such as nasal congestion. When it occurs in the urinary tract, it may cause blood in the urine.

Bladder
The bladder (from Old English  blædre 'bladder, blister, pimple') is a hollow organ in humans and other vertebrates that stores urine from the kidneys. In placental mammals, urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra during urination. In humans, the bladder is a distensible organ that sits on the pelvic floor. The typical adult human bladder will hold between 300 and 500 ml (10 and 17 fl oz) before the urge to empty occurs, but can hold considerably more.

The Latin phrase for "urinary bladder" is vesica urinaria, and the term vesical or prefix vesico- appear in connection with associated structures such as vesical veins. The modern Latin word for "bladder" – cystis – appears in associated terms such as cystitis (inflammation of the bladder).
Holme East Waver
Holme East Waver is a civil parish in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England. The largest village in the parish is Newton Arlosh. It lies 13 miles (21 km) west of Carlisle. The name references the River Waver, and the rivers Waver and Wampool enter the Solway Firth at the western end of the parish. Part of the Solway Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty is within the parish. At the 2021 census, the parish had a population of 340.

Solway Coast
The Solway Coast is a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty in northern Cumbria, England. It incorporates two areas of coastline along the Solway Firth, the first running from just north of the city of Carlisle, at the estuary of the rivers Esk and Eden, in a westerly direction as far as 
Silloth-on-Solway, including the villages of Bowness-on-Solway, Burgh-by-Sands, Port Carlisle, and Skinburness. The second area begins just north of the hamlet of Beckfoot, and runs south down the coast to the southern end of Allonby Bay near the village of Crosscanonby. Included in this area are the villages of Mawbray and Allonby, and the hamlets of Dubmill, Hailforth and Salta. The hamlet of Wolsty lies just outside the AONB. Beginning at Silloth, the B5300 coast road runs in a south-westerly direction, entering the AONB just north of Beckfoot, and exiting near Crosscanonby.
2010 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III – play-offs
The play-offs of the 2010 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III were the final stages of the Group III Zonal Competition, a women's tennis tournament, involving teams from Europe and Africa. Using the positions determined in their pools, the seven teams faced off to determine their placing in the 2010 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group III. The top two teams advanced to Group II for next year.

Women's tennis
Women's tennis is one of the most popular female sports. It is one of the few in which women command success and popularity that equal those of their male counterparts. Women's Tennis Association is the main organization which runs female tennis.
Robin (Lauren) Derby
Lauren Derby (Robin Lauren Hutchinson Derby) is an American historian and professor whose work focuses on Latin American history, particularly the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico, and Cuba. She is a professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and serves as a Senior Editor of the Hispanic American Historical Review.

The Hispanic American Historical Review
The Hispanic American Historical Review is a quarterly, peer-reviewed, scholarly journal of Latin American history, the official publication of the Conference on Latin American History, the professional organization of Latin American historians. Founded in 1916, HAHR is the oldest journal of Latin American history, and, since 1926, published by Duke University Press. On July 1, 2017, editorial responsibility shifted from Duke University to Penn State for the 2017–2022 term.
Westerweel Group
The Westerweel Group (Dutch: Westerweelgroep) was a small resistance group with non-Jewish and Jewish members that operated during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. Led by a Dutch Christian Joop Westerweel and Jewish German refugee Joachim Simon, the group was initiated in August 1942 and its first objective was to hide a Jewish youth group of "Palestine pioneers" whose members were ordered to be deported to the Nazi Westerbork transit camp. They were primarily young Jews from Germany and Austria who had fled to the Netherlands after 1933 where they followed an agricultural training to settle in Palestine. When threatened with deportation, the resistance group helped them to find hiding places and some of them were brought to Spain via Belgium and France.

Resistance during World War II
During World War II, resistance movements operated in German-occupied Europe by a variety of means, ranging from non-cooperation to propaganda, hiding crashed pilots and even to outright warfare and the recapturing of towns. In many countries, resistance movements were sometimes also referred to as The Underground.

While resistance groups played a significant auxiliary role in harassing the enemy, their military impact was limited, and they were incapable of liberating their nations alone. Overall, the effectiveness of resistance movements during World War II is generally measured more by their political and moral impact than their decisive military contribution to the overall Allied victory.
2019–20 Asian Le Mans Series
The 2019–20 Asian Le Mans Series was the eighth season of the Automobile Club de l'Ouest's Asian Le Mans Series. It is the fourth 24 Hours of Le Mans-based series created by the ACO, following the American Le Mans Series (since merged with the Rolex Sports Car Series to form the United SportsCar Championship), the European Le Mans Series and the FIA World Endurance Championship. The four-event season began at the Shanghai International Circuit on 24 November 2019 and ended at the Chang International Circuit in Buriram on 23 February 2020.

Shanghai International Circuit
The Shanghai International Circuit (simplified Chinese: 上海国际赛车场; traditional Chinese: 上海國際賽車場; pinyin: Shànghǎi Guójì Sàichēchǎng), also called the SAIC Shanghai International Circuit (simplified Chinese: 上海上汽国际赛车场; traditional Chinese: 上海上汽國際賽車場; pinyin: Shànghǎi Shàngqì Guójì Sàichēchǎng) for sponsorship purposes, is a motorsport race track, situated in the Jiading District, Shanghai, China. The circuit is best known as the venue for the annual Chinese Grand Prix which was hosted from 2004 to 2019, and from 2024 onwards. Besides Chinese Grand Prix, the circuit also hosts Shanghai ePrix starting from 2024.

The Shanghai International Circuit features over 10 top-tier domestic car racing events annually. It also boasts Shanghai's only world-class outdoor go-karting track.

As a nationally recognized 4A-rated tourist attraction, the circuit features tourism, shopping, dining, entertainment, and sports.

The track was resurfaced ahead of the 2025 Chinese Grand Prix.
Oakland Hills, Oakland, California
37°50′18.22″N 122°12′1.95″W﻿ / ﻿37.8383944°N 122.2005417°W﻿ / 37.8383944; -122.2005417

Oakland Hills is an informal term used to indicate the city neighborhoods lying within the eastern portion of Oakland, California.  The northernmost neighborhoods were devastated by the Oakland firestorm of 1991.

Piedmont, California
Piedmont is a small city in Alameda County, California, United States, enclaved by the city of Oakland. Its residential population was 11,270 at the 2020 census. The name comes from the region of Piedmont in Italy, and it means 'foothill'. Piedmont was incorporated in 1907, and was developed significantly in the 1920s and 1930s.
Radějov
Radějov is a municipality and village in Hodonín District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 800 inhabitants.

Radějov lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) east of Hodonín, 66 km (41 mi) south-east of Brno, and 252 km (157 mi) south-east of Prague.

South Moravian Region
The South Moravian Region (Czech: Jihomoravský kraj; German: Südmährische Region, pronounced [zyːtˈmɛːʁɪʃə ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Slovak: Juhomoravský kraj), or just South Moravia, is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, the nation's 2nd largest city. South Moravia is bordered by the South Bohemian Region to the west, Vysočina Region to the north-west, Pardubice Region to the north, Olomouc Region to the north-east, Zlín Region to the east, Trenčín and Trnava Regions, Slovakia to the south-east and Lower Austria, Austria to the south.
Global Integrity
Global Integrity was an independent, nonprofit organization tracking governance and corruption trends around the world using local teams of researchers and journalists to monitor openness and accountability. Global Integrity's reporting has been cited by over 50 newspapers worldwide, and is used by the World Bank, USAID, Millennium Challenge Corporation and other donor agencies to evaluate aid priorities. Global Integrity's methodology for metrics of governance and corruption differed from the Corruption Perceptions Index or Bribe Payers Index) because GI drew from local experts and transparent source data, rather than surveys of perceptions.

Global Integrity closed in 2023.

Millennium Challenge Corporation
The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) is a bilateral United States foreign aid agency established by the U.S. Congress in 2004. It is an independent agency separate from the State Department and USAID. It provides grants to countries that have been determined to have good economic policies and potential for economic growth. The country qualification process is objective, involving scores provided by third parties in 20 different areas. An eligible country must apply for a grant with a specific project in mind.

According to the OECD, the United States’ total official development assistance (ODA) (USD 55.3 billion, preliminary data) increased in 2022, mainly due to support to Ukraine, as well as increased costs for in-donor refugees from Afghanistan. ODA represented 0.22% of gross national income (GNI).
Nova Pavlica
The Nova Pavlica Monastery (Serbian: Манастир Нова Павлица, romanized: Manastir Nova Pavlica) is a 14th-century Serbian Orthodox monastery located in Pavlica, Raška, in southwestern Serbia. It belongs to the Eparchy of Žiča. The monastery is located near Stara Pavlica, near river Ibar and near old town of Brvenik.

Ibar (river)
The Ibar (Serbian Cyrillic: Ибар, pronounced [îbar]) or Ibër (Albanian definite form: Ibri), is a river that flows through Montenegro, Kosovo and Serbia, with a total length of 272 km (169 mi). The river begins in the Hajla mountain, in Rožaje, eastern Montenegro, and passes through southwestern Serbia and northern Kosovo, where it leads back into Serbia to flow into the West Morava river near Kraljevo.

The Ibar belongs to the Black Sea drainage basin. Its own drainage area is 7,925 km2 (3,060 sq mi), with an average discharge of 60 m3/s (2,100 cu ft/s) at the mouth. It is not navigable.
Nong Khang Airport
Nong Khang is a domestic airport in Houaphanh province, Laos. Construction began in 2013 but stalled for many years due to lack of funds. Construction was completed in 2023.

35km from the provincial capital of Xam Neua, the airport is served by Lao Airlines and Lao Skyway with flights to Vientiane. It can accommodate aircraft such as the ATR 72 and Xi'an MA-60.

This airport replaces the older, smaller Nathong Airport, which was constrained in its size and liable to flight cancellations due to fog.

Lao Airlines
Lao Airlines State Enterprise (Lao: ລັດວິສາຫະກິດການບິນລາວ) is the flag carrier of Laos, headquartered in Vientiane. It operates domestic and international services to countries such as Cambodia, China, South Korea, Thailand and Vietnam. Its main operating base is Wattay International Airport in Vientiane. It is owned by the Ministry of Public Works and Transport.
Karl-Heinz Merschenz
Karl-Heinz Merschenz (born 1 November 1936) is a Canadian racewalker. He competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics. He competed at the Pan American Games in 1967 and positioned fourth place in the 50km walk. At the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, he positioned 18 in the 20km walk and positioned 9 in the 50km walk. At the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, he did not complete the race.

20 kilometres race walk
The 20 kilometre race walk is an Olympic athletics event that is competed by both men and women. The racewalking event is competed as a road race. Athletes must always keep in contact with the ground and the supporting leg must remain straight until the raised leg passes it.
Combe Hill, Berkshire
Combe Hill is a summit in Berkshire, England, with a maximum elevation of 293 m (961 ft). It lies around 1 mile (1.6 km) to the south-east of Walbury Hill, the county top of Berkshire, which is 297 m (974 ft) high. The hill is about 7 miles (11 km) southwest of Newbury on the Hampshire/Berkshire border and is part of the north-facing scarp of the North Hampshire Downs, a chalk ridge within the North Wessex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The hill lies within the civil parishes of Combe (which includes the summit), East Woodhay and Faccombe. Combe is within the unitary authority area of West Berkshire and the ceremonial county of Berkshire, East Woodhay is within the district of Basingstoke and Deane in the administrative county of Hampshire, and Faccombe is in the Hampshire district of Test Valley.

Chalk
Chalk is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock. It is a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite and originally formed under the sea by the accumulation and lithification of hard parts of organisms, mostly microscopic plankton, which had settled to the sea floor. Chalk is common throughout Western Europe, where deposits underlie parts of France, and steep cliffs are often seen where they meet the sea in places such as the Dover cliffs on the Kent coast of the English Channel.

Chalk is mined for use in industry, such as for quicklime, bricks and builder's putty, and in agriculture, for raising pH in soils with high acidity. It is also used for "blackboard chalk" for writing and drawing on various types of surfaces, although these can also be manufactured from other carbonate-based minerals, or gypsum.
M-Cumenyl methylcarbamate
m-Cumenyl methylcarbamate is an insecticide used on cotton, fruit, vegetable and field crops. As of 1998, the Environmental Protection Agency listed it as an unregistered pesticide in the United States.

Insecticide
Insecticides are pesticides used to kill insects. They include ovicides and larvicides used against insect eggs and larvae, respectively. The major use of insecticides is in agriculture, but they are also used in home and garden settings, industrial buildings, for vector control, and control of insect parasites of animals and humans.

Acaricides, which kill mites and ticks, are not strictly insecticides, but are usually classified together with insecticides. Some insecticides (including common bug sprays) are effective against other non-insect arthropods as well, such as scorpions, spiders, etc. Insecticides are distinct from insect repellents, which repel but do not kill.
Nyi Shu Gu
Nyi Shu Gu is the eve before the last day of the Tibetan year (29th). It is celebrated with various traditions leading up to the Tibetan New Year: Losar. Guthuk is a common Tibetan cuisine noodle soup that is associated with Nyi Shu Gu. Thukpa bhatuk is the common style of noodle soup that becomes Guthuk when eaten with special ingredients and elements on Nyi Shu Gu. Nyi Shu Gu is a time to cleanse and bid adieu to negativities, obstacles, uncleanliness and sickness. A fire is traditional as is washing up.

Guthuk
Guthuk (Tibetan: དགུ་ཐུག་, English: 'Gu= 9, Thuk= stew soup ' or 29 date of Bot calendar celebrate so called Guthuk) is a stew soup in Sherpa or Tibetan cuisine, made with various ingredients like beans, vegetables, meat, or left over harvested grains. It is eaten two days before Losar, the Bot or Tibetan New Year and is a variation on thukpa bhatuk. The Tibetan religious ceremony Gutor (དགུ་གཏོར), literally meaning 'offering of the 29th', is held on the 29th of the 12th Bot or Tibetan month, and is focused on driving out all negativity, including evil spirits and misfortunes of the past year, and starting the new year in a peaceful and auspicious way. It is made with barley and other ingredients.