hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ecton (physics)
Ectons are explosive electron emissions observed as individual packets or avalanches of electrons, occurring as microexplosions at the cathode. The electron current in an ecton starts flowing as a result of overheating of the metal cathode because of the high energy density (104Jg−1), and stops when the emission zone cools off.

Ectons occur in plasma-involving phenomena, such as: electrical discharges in vacuum, cathode spots of vacuum arcs, volumetric discharges in gases, pseudo-spark discharges, coronas, unipolar arcs, etc.

An ecton consists of individual portions of electrons (1011– 1012 particles). The formation time is of the order of nanoseconds.

Nanosecond
A nanosecond (ns) is a unit of time in the International System of Units (SI) equal to one billionth of a second, that is, ⁠1/1000000000⁠ of a second, or 10−9 seconds.

The term combines the SI prefix nano- indicating a 1 billionth submultiple of an SI unit (e.g. nanogram, nanometre, etc.) and second, the primary unit of time in the SI.

A nanosecond is to one second, as one second is to approximately 31.69 years.

A nanosecond is equal to 1000 picoseconds or ⁠1/1000⁠ microsecond.  Time units ranging between 10−8 and 10−7 seconds are typically expressed as tens or hundreds of nanoseconds.

Time units of this granularity are commonly found in telecommunications, pulsed lasers, and related aspects of electronics.
2007 ECM Prague Open – Women's singles
The women's singles tournament at the 2007 ECM Prague Open took place between 7 and 13 May on clay courts in Prague, Czech Republic. Akiko Morigami won the title, defeating Marion Bartoli in the final.

Akiko Morigami
Akiko Morigami (森上 亜希子, Morigami Akiko; born 12 January 1980) is a Japanese former tennis player.
She turned professional in 1998. On 15 August 2005, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 41.

Morigami won one singles title in her career, defeating top-seeded Marion Bartoli in 2007 in the final of the Prague Open. She reached two other singles finals, both in Cincinnati (falling to Patty Schnyder in 2005, and losing to Anna Chakvetadze in 2007). At the 2006 French Open, she upset then-world No. 3, Nadia Petrova, in the first round.

Morigami retired after the 2009 Japan Open. In the first round, she defeated qualifier Anastasia Rodionova in three sets, and in the second, she lost to the eventual champion, Samantha Stosur, 1–6, 2–6. This was her last match on the professional tour.
Sió
The Sió or Sió-csatorna (Sió-Channel) is a fully regulated river in midwest Hungary. It is the outlet, at the eastern end, of Lake Balaton, flowing out of the lake in Siófok. The 124 km (77 mi) long Sió flows into the river Danube near the city of Szekszárd. The Sió flows through the Hungarian counties Somogy, Fejér and Tolna, its main tributaries are Kapos from the right and Sárvíz from the left. The drainage basin of the Sió (including Balaton) covers  more than a third of the Transdanubia region. The Sió's basin size is 14,693 km2 (5,673 sq mi) and its average discharge at the mouth is 39 m3/s (1,400 cu ft/s).

Discharge (hydrology)
In hydrology, discharge is the volumetric flow rate (volume per time, in units of m3/h or ft3/h) of a stream. It equals the product of average flow velocity (with dimension of length per time, in m/h or ft/h) and the cross-sectional area (in m2 or ft2). It includes any suspended solids (e.g. sediment), dissolved chemicals like CaCO3(aq), or biologic material (e.g. diatoms) in addition to the water itself. Terms may vary between disciplines. For example, a fluvial hydrologist studying natural river systems may define discharge as streamflow, whereas an engineer operating a reservoir system may equate it with outflow, contrasted with inflow.
Seadrill
Seadrill is an offshore drilling contractor providing worldwide offshore drilling services to the oil and gas industry. Its primary business is the ownership and operation of drillships, semi-submersible rigs, and jack-up rigs for operations in shallow to ultra-deep water in both benign and harsh environments. It provides a contract-based service and primarily serves the oil super-majors, integrated oil and gas, state-owned national oil, and independent oil and gas companies.

Semi-submersible platform
A semi-submersible platform is a specialised marine vessel used in offshore roles including as offshore drilling rigs, safety vessels, oil production platforms, and heavy lift cranes. They have good ship stability and seakeeping, better than drillships.
Evige Asatro
Evige Asatro (English: Eternal Asatru) is the first full-length album by the Norwegian folk metal band Glittertind, released on May 27, 2004 through Karmageddon Media. Torbjørn Sandvik handles all instruments on this record.

The title "Eternal Asatru" was taken from the last part of the non-finished opera Olav Tryggvason composed by Edvard Grieg and written by Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson. The opera is about Olav Tryggvason's unsuccessful attempt to christianize Norway. Because the opera was never finished, it ends with the victory of the Norse religion over Christianity.

Skrymer from Finntroll did the artwork and band logo for this album.

Hammerheart Records
Hammerheart Records (known as Karmageddon Media between 2004 and 2010) is a Dutch independent record label specializing in death metal, black metal, doom metal and folk metal bands from around the world. The label was founded in 1995 and is currently located in Valkenburg aan de Geul. It is incorporated in the Netherlands as Hammerheart Holdings B.V. In 2010, the label changed its name back to Hammerheart Records again and started signing new bands.
Sandra Voetelink
Sandra Voetelink (born 7 August 1970) is a retired speed skater from the Netherlands who was active between 1988 and 1994. In 1992, she won a national title in the 1500 m and finished second in the 500 m and 1000 m. She competed in these three events at the 1992 Winter Olympics with the best achievement of 16th place in the 1000 m.

She married Leo Visser, also an Olympic speed skater.

Sandra was also briefly known in the UK as Kisha (The Starburst) in ITV's action/entertainment television show Ice Warriors (game show) in 1998. The series only lasted for one season but pitted various ice teams across the UK against Kisha and the rest of the Ice Warriors.

Personal bests:

500 m – 41.00 (1992)

1000 – 1:22.85 (1992)

1500 – 2:07.04 (1991)

3000 – 4:29.23 (1990)

5000 – 7:54.42 (1992)

Ice Warriors (game show)
Ice Warriors is a British game show which aired on ITV from 24 January to 21 March 1998 and was hosted by Dani Behr. It had a similar format to Gladiators, except that the games were played on an ice rink installed at the Manchester Arena. The show's sponsor was 7 Up.

Although the series won a Bronze Rose for Light Entertainment at the 1998 Rose d'Or Festival, it was not successful with critics and viewers, receiving bad reviews and poor ratings. The show came to an end after one series.
Dichloromethyl methyl ether
Dichloromethyl methyl ether (HCl2COCH3) is an organic compound that belongs to the class of ethers with a dichloromethyl group and a methyl group. It can be synthesized from methyl formate and a mixture of phosphorus pentachloride and phosphorus oxychloride or by chlorination of chlorodimethyl ether.

The compound is used in the formylation of aromatic compounds (Rieche formylation) and as a chlorination agent in the formation of acid chlorides.

Acyl chloride
In organic chemistry, an acyl chloride (or acid chloride) is an organic compound with the functional group −C(=O)Cl. Their formula is usually written R−COCl, where R is a side chain.  They are reactive derivatives of carboxylic acids (R−C(=O)OH).  A specific example of an acyl chloride is acetyl chloride, CH3COCl. Acyl chlorides are the most important subset of acyl halides.
Timeline of the Sudanese civil war (2026)
The following is a timeline of the Sudanese civil war (2023–present) in 2026.

This timeline is a dynamic and fluid list, and as such may never satisfy criteria of completeness. Moreover, some events may only be fully understood and/or discovered in retrospect.

South Kordofan
South Kordofan (Arabic: جنوب كردفان Ǧanūb Kurdufān) is one of the 18 wilayat or states of Sudan. It has an area of 158,355 km2 and an estimated population of approximately 2,107,623 people (2018 est). Kaduqli is the capital of the state. It is centered on the Nuba Mountains. At one time it was supposed that South Kordofan was the only state in (North) Sudan suitable for producing oil, but oil has also been discovered in neighboring White Nile State in larger quantities.

Under the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, residents of South Kordofan were to hold popular consultations in 2011 to determine the constitutional future of the state. However, South Kordofan governor Ahmed Haroun suspended the process, and violence followed. Haroun had previously been charged with war crimes against civilians and crime against humanity by the International Criminal Court.
Breg, Sevnica
Breg (pronounced [ˈbɾeːk]) is a settlement on the left bank of the Sava River in the Municipality of Sevnica in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region. The settlement includes the hamlets of Gradišče, Jelše, and Zagradec.

Lower Sava Statistical Region
The Lower Sava Statistical Region (Slovene: posavska statistična regija; until December 31, 2014 spodnjeposavska statistična regija) is a statistical region in Slovenia. It has good traffic accessibility and is located in the Sava and Krka Valleys, with hilly areas with vineyards and an abundance of water. It is the second-smallest statistical region in Slovenia. The only nuclear power plant in the country and Čatež spa are located in the region. The region annually spends EUR 22 million on environmental protection. In 2013, the employment rate in the region was 57.5%. The region was characterized by the largest difference between the employment rate for men and for women (for men it was 12 percentage points higher than for women). In 2013 this region also stood out in number of convicted persons per 1,000 population (8.3).
Ring of Fear (film)
Ring of Fear is a 1954 American film noir directed by James Edward Grant and starring Clyde Beatty and Mickey Spillane as themselves. The cast also featured Pat O'Brien, Sean McClory and Marian Carr. Additional scenes were directed by William A. Wellman. It was shot in CinemaScope and Warnercolor. It was designed partly to take advantage of the popular success of the Mike Hammer adaptations produced by Victor Saville for United Artists.

Eastmancolor
Eastmancolor is a trade name used by Eastman Kodak for a number of related film and processing technologies associated with color motion picture production and referring to George Eastman, founder of Kodak.

Eastmancolor, introduced in 1950, was one of the first widely successful "single-strip colour" processes, and eventually displaced the more cumbersome Technicolor. Eastmancolor was known by a variety of names, such as DeLuxe Color, Warnercolor, Metrocolor, Pathécolor, Columbiacolor, and others.

For more information on Eastmancolor, see

Color motion picture film, for background on Eastmancolor and other motion picture processes in general

Eastman Kodak Fine Grain color negative films (1950 onwards), within the "List of motion picture film stocks" article
Martin Lynch (Gaelic footballer)
Martin Lynch (born 17 June 1970) is an Irish former Gaelic football player and selector who played for club side Clane. He scored 13–96 and made a combined 118 league and championship appearances with the Kildare senior football team.

GAA GPA All Stars Awards
The Gaelic Athletic Association–Gaelic Players' Association All Stars Awards (often known simply as the All Stars) are presented annually to the best player in each of the 15 playing positions in Gaelic football and hurling. Additionally, one person in each code is selected as Player of the Year.

The awards were instituted in 1971. Since 2011 they have been presented jointly by the Gaelic Athletic Association and the representative body for inter-county players, the Gaelic Players Association.

Each player who receives a nomination is given a medallion marking the milestone.

It is considered "the most coveted sporting award scheme in the country". Equivalent awards exist for ladies' football, rounders and camogie.
All Hallows Roman Catholic High School
All Hallows RC High School is a mixed Roman Catholic secondary school in Salford, Greater Manchester, England.

It is a voluntary aided school administered by Salford City Council and the Roman Catholic Diocese of Salford. Pupils are mainly admitted from Catholic primary schools in Salford, including The Cathedral School of St Peter & St John RC in Salford, Holy Family RC Primary School in Salford, St Boniface RC Primary School in Higher Broughton, St Joseph's RC Primary School in Ordsall, St Sebastian's RC Primary School in Pendleton and St Thomas of Canterbury RC Primary School in Higher Broughton.

All Hallows RC High School offers GCSEs and Cambridge Nationals as programmes of study for pupils.

Salford City Council
Salford City Council is the local authority for the City of Salford, a metropolitan borough with city status in Greater Manchester, England. It is a metropolitan borough council and provides the majority of local government services in the city. The council has been a member of the Greater Manchester Combined Authority since 2011.

The council has been under Labour majority control since the metropolitan borough was created in 1974. Since 2012 the council has been led by the directly elected Mayor of Salford, which post has been held by Paul Dennett of the Labour Party since 2016. The council is based at Salford Civic Centre in Swinton.
Jennings-Marvin House
Jennings-Marvin House is a historic home located at Dryden in Tompkins County, New York. It was built in 1897 and is a 2-story, three-bay, frame Queen Anne–style structure with Colonial Revival and Shingle style detailing.  The most notable feature is the 2+1⁄2-story octagonal tower with its wooden shingle sheathing and oval windows.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Tompkins County, New York
Tompkins County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 105,740. The county seat is Ithaca. The name is in honor of Daniel D. Tompkins, who served as Governor of New York and Vice President of the United States. The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.

Tompkins County comprises the Ithaca Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is home to Cornell University, Ithaca College and Tompkins Cortland Community College.
Craigie Aitchison (painter)
John Ronald Craigie Aitchison CBE RSA RA (13 January 1926 – 21 December 2009) was a Scottish painter. He was best known for his many paintings of the Crucifixion, one of which hangs behind the altar in the chapter house of Liverpool Cathedral, Italian landscapes, and portraits (mainly of black men, or of dogs). His simple style with bright, childlike colours defied description, and was compared to the Scottish Colourists, primitivists or naive artists, although Brian Sewell dismissed him as "a painter of too considered trifles".

His career-long fascination with the crucifixion was triggered by a visit to see Salvador Dalí's Christ of St John of the Cross in 1951 after it was acquired by the Kelvingrove Gallery.

Christ of Saint John of the Cross
Christ of Saint John of the Cross is a painting by Salvador Dalí made in 1951 which is in the collection of the Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, Glasgow. It depicts Jesus Christ on the cross in a darkened sky floating over a body of water complete with a boat and fishermen. Although it is a depiction of the crucifixion, it is devoid of nails, blood, and a crown of thorns, because, according to Dalí, he was convinced by a dream that these features would mar his depiction of Christ. Also in a dream, the importance of depicting Christ in the extreme angle evident in the painting was revealed to him.
Claude Charron
Claude Charron (born October 22, 1946, in L'Île-Bizard, Quebec) is a former CEGEP teacher, provincial politician, writer and broadcaster. He became Minister of Parliamentary Affairs and the youngest Member of the National Assembly of Quebec.

L'Île-Bizard, Quebec
L'Île-Bizard (French pronunciation: [lil bizaʁ]) is a former municipality current borough located on Île Bizard, an island northwest of the Island of Montreal. It was originally incorporated as a municipality on 1 July 1855 as Paroisse de Saint-Raphaël-de-l'Île-Bizard.

On 1 January 2002, it was merged into the City of Montreal as part of the borough of L'Île-Bizard–Sainte-Geneviève.

The island has a land area of 22.77 km2 (8.79 sq mi). Its population was 14,647 at the 2011 census.

Parc-Nature-du-Bois-de-l'île-Bizard is located in the centre of the island.

It is the childhood home of NHL hockey player Vincent Lecavalier, who attended John Rennie High School, a school well known for its athletics program.

The Parti Québécois leader Pauline Marois had a $8M main residence in the area. She is currently building another home on the island.
Zensui-ji
Zensui-ji (善水寺) is a Buddhist temple in the Iwane neighborhood of the city of Konan, Shiga Prefecture, Japan. It belongs to the Tendai school of Japanese Buddhism. Its main image is a hibutsu statue of Yakushi Nyōrai, which was carved in 993. Its Hondō is a National Treasure.

Main Hall (Japanese Buddhism)
Main hall or Main Temple is the building within a Japanese Buddhist monastery compound (garan) which enshrines the main object of veneration. Because the various denominations deliberately use different terms, this single English term translates several Japanese words, among them butsuden, butsu-dō, kondō, konpon-chūdō, and hondō. Hondō is its exact Japanese equivalent, while the others are more specialized words used by particular sects or for edifices having a particular structure.
Clock golf
Clock golf is a game based on golf, originating in the mid-19th century. Players putt a golf ball from each in turn of 12 numbered points arranged in a circle as in a clock face, to a single hole placed within the circle. Alternative names include clock-golf, round the clock golf, and golf around the clock.

Jaques of London's description suggests that clock golf can be played wherever there is space for "an approximate circle of 10–30ft in diameter", and that shrubs and other obstacles can add to the interest. The hole is not placed centrally, so the 12 "holes" of the game can be of different lengths. A writer in Landscape Architecture Magazine, 1926, suggests it needs a 20-24ft circle, and lists it among "the lawn sports now commonly played."

SHAPE America offered a set of instructions for "Golf Around the Clock" as a "lead-up game" that was useful as a preliminary for golf learners.

Golf swing
The golf swing is the action by which players hit the ball in the sport of golf. The golf swing is a complex motion involving the whole body; the technicalities of the swing are known as golf stroke mechanics.

There are differing opinions on what constitutes a "good" golf swing. In Work and Power Analysis of the Golf Swing, Nesbit and Serrano suggest the golf swing has been studied by scientists and mathematicians who have developed various equations to help explain the complexity of the swing. It is generally agreed that a successful and consistent golf swing requires precise timing and mechanics, from the grip and position of one's fingers, to the position and movement of the feet. At any moment of the swing, whether back-swing, downswing, or upswing, something can go wrong that will throw off the whole body and result in a mishit. The entire swing motion should move on a plane in a fluid manner. The plane can be characterized as horizontal or vertical.
The Naturalists' Handbooks
The Naturalists' Handbooks is a series of natural history books aimed at students, naturalists and ecologists.  Most volumes cover topics relating to insects, but some cover other groups of invertebrates, and some are botanical or mycological in scope, and other cover study techniques. The series first handbook, Insects on Nettles was published in 1983.

Student
A student is a person enrolled in a school or other educational institution, or more generally, a person who takes a special interest in a subject.

In the United Kingdom and most commonwealth countries, a "student" attends a secondary school or higher (e.g., college or university); those in primary or elementary schools are "pupils".
Shenandoah District (VHSL)
The Shenandoah District is a sports conference of the Virginia High School League which draws its members from the central part of the Shenandoah Valley, specifically clustered around Staunton and Waynesboro. The schools in the Shenandoah District compete in Region 1B with the schools of the Bull Run District, the Dogwood District, the James River District, the Tidewater District, and the Tri-Rivers District.

Athletic conference
An athletic conference is a collection of sports teams which play competitively against each other in a sports league. In many cases conferences are subdivided into smaller divisions, with the best teams competing at successively higher levels. Conferences often, but not always, include teams from a common geographic region.
East Westmorland Rural District
East Westmorland was the name of a rural district in the administrative county of Westmorland from 1894 to 1935.  The district was created by the Local Government Act 1894 based on the former East Ward rural sanitary district, and therefore indirectly on the former East Ward of Westmorland.

The district entirely surrounded the municipal borough of Appleby, situated in the north-west of the district.  Settlements in the district included Kirkby Stephen and Brough under Stainmore.

In 1935, under a County Review Order, it became part of the North Westmorland Rural District.

Brough, Cumbria
Brough (/brʌf/), sometimes known as Brough under Stainmore, is a village and civil parish in the historic county of Westmorland and the ceremonial county of Cumbria, England, within the Westmorland and Furness unitary authority area, on the western fringe of the Pennines near Stainmore. The village is on the A66 trans-Pennine road, and the Swindale Beck, and is about 8 miles (13 km) south east of Appleby-in-Westmorland. Brough is situated 5 miles (8.0 km) north east of Kirkby Stephen and 28 miles (45 km) north east of Kendal on the A685.

At the 2001 census it had a population of 680, increasing to 751 at the 2011 Census. This rose to 820 people at the 2021 Census.
Clonmel Greyhound Stadium
Clonmel Greyhound Stadium is a greyhound racing track located in Clonmel, County Tipperary, Ireland.

Racing takes place every Friday and Sunday evening and the facilities include a grandstand restaurant, fast food facilities, a number of bars, totalisator betting and seating.

Race distances are 300, 525, 550, 575, 790 and 1,015 yards and the feature competition at the track is the National Produce Stakes.

Tote board
A tote board (or totalisator/totalizator) is a numeric or alphanumeric display used to convey information, typically at a race track (to display the odds or payoffs for each horse) or at a telethon (to display the total amount donated to the charitable organization sponsoring the event).

The term "tote board" comes from the colloquialism for "totalizator" (or "totalisator"), the name for the automated system which runs parimutuel betting, calculating payoff odds, displaying them, and producing tickets based on incoming bets.