hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Laser guided and stabilized arc welding
Laser guided and stabilized welding (LGS-welding) is a process in which a laser beam irradiates an electrical heated plasma arc to set a path of increased conductivity. Therefore, the arc's energy can be spatial directed and the plasma burns more stable. The process must be distinguished from laser-hybrid welding, since only low power laser energy of a couple hundred Watts is used and the laser does not contribute significantly to the welding process in terms of energy input.

Plasma torch
A plasma torch (also known as a plasma arc, plasma gun, plasma cutter, or plasmatron) is a device for generating a directed flow of plasma.

The plasma jet can be used for applications including plasma cutting, plasma arc welding, plasma spraying, and plasma gasification for waste disposal.
Electoral district of Portland
The electoral district of Portland was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Victoria.

It was based on the town of Portland, Victoria.

38°20′S 141°36′E﻿ / ﻿38.333°S 141.600°E﻿ / -38.333; 141.600

Portland, Victoria
Portland (/ˈpɔːrtlənd/ PORT-lənd) is a city in Victoria, Australia, and is the oldest European settlement in the state. It is also the main urban centre in the Shire of Glenelg and is located on Portland Bay. As of the 2021 census the population was 10,016, increasing from a population of 9,712 taken at the 2016 census.
Jason Bright
Jason Paul Bright (born 7 March 1973) is a retired Australian racing driver who competed in the Virgin Australia Supercars Championship. He drove the No. 56 Ford FG X Falcon for Britek Motorsport, a satellite team of Prodrive Racing Australia, before retiring from full-time racing at the end of the 2017 season.

Ford Falcon (FG X)
The Ford Falcon (FG X) is a full-size car that was produced by Ford Australia. Introduced in 2014, it is a restyled second and final iteration of the seventh generation Falcon FG. While external and drive train changes were significant, the interior was carried over from the 2008-2014 FG model. This was the last locally produced model by Ford Australia.
Saint John Shipbuilding
Saint John Shipbuilding was a Canadian shipbuilding company located in Saint John, New Brunswick. The shipyard was active from 1923 to 2000 and permanently closed in 2003 after three years remaining idle.

CN Marine
CN Marine was a Canadian ferry company headquartered in Moncton, New Brunswick.  It was a subsidiary of Canadian National Railway, a federal Crown corporation.  Created in 1977, nine years later it was converted into a completely separate Crown corporation, Marine Atlantic.
Oberhelfenschwil
Oberhelfenschwil is a former municipality in the Wahlkreis (constituency) of Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. On 1 January 2023 the former municipalities of Hemberg and Oberhelfenschwil merged into the new municipality of Neckertal.

Canton of St. Gallen
The canton of St. Gallen or St Gall (German: Kanton St. Gallen [zaŋkt ˈɡalən] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Son Gagl; French: Canton de Saint-Gall; Italian: Canton San Gallo) is a canton of Switzerland. Its capital is St. Gallen.

Located in northeastern Switzerland, the canton has an area of 2,026 km2 (782 sq mi) (5% of Switzerland) and a resident population close to half a million as of 2015 (6% of Switzerland). It was formed in 1803 as a conflation of the city of St. Gallen, the territories of the Abbey of St. Gall and various former subject territories of the Old Swiss Confederacy.
Chaohu Prison
Chaohu Prison is a prison in Chaohu, Anhui, China. It was established in 1959. It is the province's 3rd largest prison currently employing over 1200 guards and other employees. Most of the inmates here are sentenced to life or serving commuted death sentences. The factory was established in 1959 and is a national key enterprise in the machinery industry. It is also a special enterprise designated by the Ministry of Railways to produce railway parts. Products made here are used in all railway engineering departments throughout China.

Chaohu
Chaohu (Chinese: 巢湖; pinyin: Cháohú) is a county-level city of Anhui Province, China. Situated on the northeast and southeast shores of Lake Chao, from which the city was named, Chaohu is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Hefei, the provincial capital, and is the latter's easternmost county-level division.
Plant Amnesty
PlantAmnesty is a non-profit education and advocacy group based in Seattle, Washington.

PlantAmnesty was founded by arborist Cass Turnbull on October 22, 1987, as a mock protest group intended to educate the public about the problems associated with pruning techniques which are biologically harmful to plants and counter productive to the goals of landscape design and management; most notably tree topping.  The stated mission of the organization "is to end the senseless torture and mutilation of trees and shrubs."  PlantAmnesty also provides an "adopt-a-plant" exchange for unwanted, healthy plants.

Landscape design
Landscape design is an independent profession and a design and art tradition, practiced by landscape designers, combining  nature and  culture.  In contemporary practice, landscape design bridges the space between landscape architecture and garden design.
Zuidplaspolder
The Zuidplaspolder is a polder in the western Netherlands, located northeast of Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, neighbouring settlements such as Zuidplas, Zevenhuizen, Waddinxveen, Moerkapelle, Gouda, Moordrecht, and Nieuwerkerk aan den IJssel. It reaches a depth of 6.76 metres (22 feet 2 inches) below average sea level. This makes it, along with Lammefjord in Denmark, the lowest point of the European Union.

South Holland
South Holland (Dutch: Zuid-Holland [ˌzœyt ˈɦɔlɑnt] ⓘ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.8 million as of January 2023 and a population density of about 1,410/km2 (3,700/sq mi), making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely populated areas. Situated on the North Sea in the west of the Netherlands, South Holland covers an area of 3,308 km2 (1,277 sq mi), of which 609 km2 (235 sq mi) is water. It borders North Holland to the north, Utrecht and Gelderland to the east, and North Brabant and Zeeland to the south. The provincial capital is the Dutch seat of government The Hague, while its largest city is Rotterdam. The Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta drains through South Holland into the North Sea. Europe's busiest seaport, the Port of Rotterdam, is located in South Holland.
Swimming at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay
The men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay event at the 2014 Commonwealth Games as part of the swimming programme took place on 25 July at the Tollcross International Swimming Centre in Glasgow, Scotland.

The medals were presented by Councillor Sadie Docherty, Lord Provost of Glasgow and the quaichs were presented by Fiona Kerr, Managing Director of First Glasgow.

Tollcross International Swimming Centre
The Tollcross International Swimming Centre is a swimming pool and leisure centre in Glasgow. It hosted the Swimming events at the 2014 Commonwealth Games, and will host it once more in 2026. The centre hosted the IPC Swimming World Championships during July 2015.
Lueheopsis
Lueheopsis is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Malvaceae. It is also in the subfamily of Grewioideae.

Its native range is southern Tropical America. It is found in the countries of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela.

The genus name of Lueheopsis is in honour of Carl Emil von der Luehe or Lühe (1751–1801), a German botanist and chamberlain of Princess Caroline-Mathilde of Denmark; later a chamberlain in Vienna, Austria. 'Opsis' refers to the Ancient Greek word ὄψις meaning aspect or appearance.
It was first described and published in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem Vol.9 on page 838 in 1926.  ὄψις (ópsis, “aspect", "appearance”)

Princess Caroline-Mathilde of Denmark
Princess Caroline-Mathilde of Denmark (Caroline-Mathilde Louise Dagmar Christine Maud Augusta Ingeborg Thyra Adelheid; 27 April 1912 – 12 December 1995) was a daughter of Prince Harald of Denmark and granddaughter of King Frederik VIII of Denmark. As the wife of Knud, Hereditary Prince of Denmark, she became Hereditary Princess of Denmark.
Nicolas Kitsikis
Nicolas Kitsikis (Greek: Νίκος Κιτσίκης; August 14, 1887 – July 26, 1978) was a Greek civil engineer and politician. He was a top civil engineer of 20th century Greece, and father of Beata Maria Kitsikis Panagopoulos, Elsa Schmid-Kitsikis and Dimitri Kitsikis. He served as professor and rector of the Athens Polytechnic School, was named doctor honoris causa of the Technische Hochschule in Berlin-Charlottenburg (now Technische Universität Berlin), became a member of the Greek Parliament and Senator during the Interbellum, and joined the EAM-ELAS resistance movement against the German occupation of Greece in 1941–1944. At the liberation of Greece in 1944, he joined the Greek Communist Party and became President of the Greek-Soviet Association in 1945, as well as initiating in 1955, with his wife, Beata Kitsikis, a Communist feminist fighter, the Greece-People's China Association.

Hellenic Parliament
37°58′31″N 23°44′13″E﻿ / ﻿37.97528°N 23.73694°E﻿ / 37.97528; 23.73694

The Parliament of the Hellenes (Greek: Βουλή των Ελλήνων, romanized: Voulí ton Ellínon), commonly known as the Hellenic Parliament (Greek: Ελληνικό Κοινοβούλιο, romanized: Ellinikó Koinovoúlio), is the unicameral legislature of Greece, located in the Old Royal Palace, overlooking Syntagma Square in Athens. The parliament is the supreme democratic institution that represents the citizens through an elected body of Members of Parliament (MPs).

It is a unicameral legislature of 300 members, elected for a four-year term. From 1844–1863 and from 1927–1935, the parliament was bicameral with an upper house (the Senate; Greek: Γερουσία, romanized: Gerousía) and a lower house (the Chamber of Deputies; Βουλή των Αντιπροσώπων, Voulí ton Antiprosópon). Several important Greek statesmen have served as the speaker of the Hellenic Parliament.
Ruy Blas
Ruy Blas (French pronunciation: [ʁɥi blɑ]) is a tragic drama by Victor Hugo.  It was the first play presented at the Théâtre de la Renaissance and opened on November 8, 1838.  Though considered by many to be Hugo’s best drama, the play was initially met with only average success.

Maxime de Redon des Chapelles
Marquis Charles-François-Jean-Maxime de Redon des Chapelles was a theatrically-obsessed aristocrat under the French ancien régime, and a former French cavalry officer, who in Napoleon's France became one of the more prolific authors for the popular stage, writing melodramas and vaudevilles for the boulevard theatres.
Mladen Ivančić (footballer)
Mladen Ivančić (born 8 February 1970) is a Croatian former professional footballer who played as a centre-back. As a player, he spent seven seasons with Rijeka in Croatia’s Prva HNL. He also spent a season playing for Austria Wien. He retired from football in 2003 and has become a manager. He was Rijeka manager in 2008.

FK Austria Wien
Fußballklub Austria Wien AG (German pronunciation: [ˈaʊstri̯aː ˈviːn]), known in English as Austria Vienna, and Austria Wien in German-speaking countries, is an Austrian professional association football club from the capital city of Vienna. It has won the most trophies of any Austrian club from the top flight, with 24 Austrian Bundesliga titles and 27 Austrian Cup titles. With 27 victories in the Austrian Cup and six in the Austrian Supercup, Austria Wien is also the most successful club in each of those tournaments. The club reached the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup final in 1978, and the semi-finals of the European Cup the season after. The club plays at the Franz Horr Stadium, known as the Generali Arena since a 2010 naming rights deal with an Italian insurance company. Along with their local rivals, they have never been relegated.
Anja Nissen (album)
Anja Nissen is the self-titled debut album by Anja Nissen, the winner of the third series of The Voice Australia, released through Universal Music Australia on 1 August 2014. It consists of covers of songs performed on The Voice, as well as four new covers.

Universal Music Australia
Universal Music Australia Pty Ltd. (UMA) is the largest Australian music corporation. It is a division of the Universal Music Group. Universal Music Australia's corporate headquarters are located in Sydney, Australia.
Brihtmær
Brihtmær (died 1039) was a medieval Bishop of Lichfield.

Brihtmær was consecrated sometime before about 1026 and died in 1039. He was appointed by Cnut the Great, king of England, and nothing is known of why he was chosen or of his background.

Bishop of Lichfield
The Bishop of Lichfield is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Lichfield in the Province of Canterbury. The diocese covers 4,516 km2 (1,744 sq. mi.) of the counties of Powys, Staffordshire, Shropshire, Warwickshire and West Midlands. The bishop's seat is located in the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint Chad in the city of Lichfield. The Bishop's residence is the Bishop's House, Lichfield, in the cathedral close. In the past, the title has had various forms (see below). The current bishop is Michael Ipgrave, following the confirmation of his election on 10 June 2016.
Stadskanaal–Zuidbroek railway
The Stadskanaal–Zuidbroek railway is a railway line in the Netherlands, running from Stadskanaal to Zuidbroek, passing through Veendam. The line was opened in 1910, and closed in 1953, but the Veendam-Zuidbroek section was reopened in 2011. The Stadskanaal-Veendam section is owned by the STAR museum railway, and mostly runs using steam trains.

Veendam
Veendam (Dutch pronunciation: [veːnˈdɑm] ⓘ) is a town and municipality with a population of 27,752 in the province of Groningen in the northeast of the Netherlands. Veendam is also known as Parkstad (Park City). It is located on the N33 national highway which runs from Eemshaven to Assen.

Veendam was established in 1648 as a peat colony by Adriaan Geerts Wildervanck. The ribbon development so characteristic of this region has been adapted in Veendam. In the center of the town, the two canals, the Oosterdiep and the Westerdiep, formed a fork because the Munte River originally flowed here.

Holland America Line has named four ships Veendam after the town.
Zec de la Rivière-Blanche
The Zec de la Rivière-Blanche (or ZEC of White River, in English) is a zone d'exploitation contrôlée ('controlled harvesting zone') (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Blanc, Quebec, in Portneuf Regional County Municipality, in Upper Batiscanie, in the administrative area of the Capitale-Nationale, on the north shore of St. Lawrence River, Quebec, Canada.

Portneuf Regional County Municipality
Portneuf (French pronunciation: [pɔʁnœf]) is a regional county municipality (RCM) in the Capitale-Nationale administrative region of Quebec, Canada. RCM of Portneuf has been established on January 1, 1982. It is composed of 21 municipalities: nine cities, seven municipalities, two parishes and three unorganized territories. The county seat is located in Cap-Santé.
Fourhorn sculpin
The fourhorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus quadricornis) is a species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. This species has a Holarctic distribution and can be found in marine, brackish and fresh waters.

Sculpin
A sculpin is a type of fish that belongs to the superfamily Cottoidea in the order Perciformes. As of 2025, this superfamily contains 5 families, 112 genera, and 405 species.

Sculpins occur in many types of habitat, including ocean and freshwater zones. They live in rivers, submarine canyons, kelp forests, and shallow littoral habitat types, such as tidepools.
Culver, Minnesota
Culver is an unincorporated community in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is 27 miles northwest of the city of Duluth.

The center of Culver is generally considered at the junction of Saint Louis County Highway 7 (CR 7) and County Road 8 (CR 8), which is also the boundary line between Culver Township and Industrial Township.  The unincorporated community of Culver also extends into the southern portion of New Independence Township.

The Artichoke River flows through the community.

South Ridge School is located in Culver.

A post office called Culver was established in 1894, and remained in operation until 1989. The community was named for Joshua B. Culver, first mayor of Duluth, Minnesota.

Industrial Township, St. Louis County, Minnesota
Industrial Township is a township in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 800 at the 2010 census.

State Highway 33 (MN 33) serves as a main route in the township.  Other routes include Industrial Road (County 7), Saginaw Road, Independence Road, and Albert Road.

Highway 33 runs north–south through the township.  Industrial Road (County 7) runs east–west through the middle of the township.

County Road 8 runs east–west through the northern portion of the township.

The unincorporated community of Burnett is located within Industrial Township.

Industrial Township is located within the unincorporated area of Saginaw.
Andrés García
Andrés García García (24 May 1941 – 4 April 2023) was a Dominican-born Mexican actor. He served as a scuba diving instructor in Acapulco. At the time of his death, he was one of the last surviving stars from the Golden Age of Mexican cinema.

Herencia maldita
Herencia maldita (English title: Cursed inheritance) is a Mexican telenovela produced by Ernesto Alonso for Televisa in 1986.

Angélica María and Miguel Palmer starred as protagonists, while Manuel Ojeda and Liliana Abud starred as antagonists.
David Clowes
David Clowes is an English businessman who is known for being the current owner of the Championship football club Derby County, and Clowes Developments, a British Construction and real estate development company. Clowes is currently a director of 45 companies.

According to the Sunday Times Rich List 2023, David Clowes and family rank 345th with a net worth of £350 million.

Clowes trained as a pilot for British Midland International in 2000, and continued flying for British Midland until 2012.

Sunday Times Rich List 2023
The Sunday Times Rich List 2023 is the 35th annual survey of the wealthiest people resident in the United Kingdom, published by The Sunday Times online on 19 May 2023 and in print on 21 May 2023.

The list was edited by Robert Watts who succeeded long-term compiler Philip Beresford in 2017. He noted of the 2023 list: "This year's Sunday Times Rich List shows a golden period for the super rich is over. For the first time in 14 years we've seen the number of UK billionaires fall."

The list was widely reported by other media.
NIOBE
Niobe was a ground-based, cryogenic resonant bar gravitational-wave detector.  The detector used a microwave parametric transducer readout to improve noise performance and detector bandwidth. The detector was run by David Blair at University of Western Australia in Perth. The detector ran in joint science runs from 1993 to 1998 with the gravitational-wave detectors Auriga, Allegro, Explorer and Nautillus.

Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.
Puchezh-Katunki crater
Puchezh-Katunki is a meteor crater located in the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast of the Volga Federal District, Russia. It is 80 km (50 mi) in diameter. Argon–argon dating has constrained the age of formation to be 195.9 ± 1.0 million years old, placing it within the Sinemurian stage of the Early Jurassic. The crater is not exposed to the surface, but appears as variation in the vegetation. The Earth Impact Database lists a rim-to-rim diameter of 40 kilometres (25 mi).

Volga Federal District
The Volga Federal District (Russian: Приволжский федеральный округ, IPA: [prʲɪˈvolʂskʲɪj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk]) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia. It forms the southeastern part of European Russia. It is the second most populated federal district (after Central). Its population was 29,899,699 (70.8% urban) according to the 2010 Census, living on an area of 1,038,000 square kilometers (401,000 sq mi). Igor Komarov was appointed the federal district's Presidential Envoy on 18 September 2018.
Mangsebung Rural Municipality
Mangsebung (Nepali: माङसेबुङ गाउँपालिका) is a rural municipality (gaunpalika) out of six rural municipality located in Ilam District of Province No. 1 of Nepal. There are a total of 10 municipalities in Ilam in which 4 are urban and 6 are rural.

According to Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development Mangsebung has an area of 142.41 square kilometres (54.98 sq mi) and the total population of the municipality is 18503 as of Census of Nepal 2011.

Banjho, Ibhang, and Gajurmukhi which previously were all separate Village development committee merged to form this new local level body. Fulfilling the requirement of the new Constitution of Nepal 2015, Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development replaced all old VDCs and Municipalities into 753 new local level body (Municipality).

The rural municipality is divided into total 6 wards and the headquarter of this newly formed rural municipality is situated in Ibhang.

2011 Nepal census
Nepal conducted a widespread national census in 2011 by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. Working in cooperation with the 58 municipalities and the 3,915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities and villages of each district. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Jean Marcel
Christianity portal

Jean Marcel (died December 1980) was the seventh Anglican Bishop of Madagascar from 1961 to 1969 when the diocese split into three.  Marcel then became Bishop of Antananarivo until 1975.

Marcel trained for the priesthood at Dorchester Missionary College and was ordained in 1931.  He was a tutor at St Paul's College, Ambatoharanana then priest in charge of Marovoay and then Ankadinondry. From 1952 to 1961 he was chaplain to the Bishop of Madagascar; and from 1956 an assistant bishop of the diocese. In 1961 he was appointed successor to Bishop Parfitt.

He died in 1980.

Tutoring
Tutoring is private academic help, usually provided by an expert teacher; someone with deep knowledge or defined expertise in a particular subject or set of subjects.

A tutor, formally also called an academic tutor, is a person who provides assistance or tutelage to one or more people on certain subject areas or skills. The tutor spends a few hours on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis to transfer their expertise on the topic or skill to the student (also called a tutee). Tutoring can take place in different settings.