hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abdul Malek Ukil
Abdul Malek Ukil (Bengali: আব্দুল মালেক উকিল; 1 October 1924 – 17 October 1987) was the president of Bangladesh Awami League, speaker of parliament, home minister, health minister, a member of parliament for many years and a lawyer of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh. He was one of the drafters of the Constitution of Bangladesh and also one of the founding members of East Bengal Muslim Students League.

Supreme Court of Bangladesh
Supreme Court of Bangladesh (SCB) is the highest court of law in the country. It is composed of the High Court Division and the Appellate Division, and was established by Part VI, Chapter I (Article 94) of the Constitution of Bangladesh, adopted in 1972. This is also the office of the chief justice, Appellate Division judges, and High Court Division judges of Bangladesh. As of February 2026, the Appellate Division consists of 6 judges, while the High Court Division has 103 judges (77 are permanent and 26 are additional).
Coloring book
A coloring book (British English: colouring-in book, colouring book, or colouring page) is a type of book containing line art to which a person (usually a child) is intended to add color using crayons, colored pencils, marker pens, paint or other artistic media. Traditional coloring books and coloring pages are printed on paper or card. Some coloring books have perforated edges so their pages can be removed from the books and used as individual sheets. Others may include a story line and so are intended to be left intact. Today, many children's coloring books feature popular characters. They are often used as promotional materials for motion pictures and television. Coloring books may also incorporate other activities such as connect the dots, mazes and other puzzles. Some also incorporate the use of stickers.

Puzzle
A puzzle is a game, problem, or toy that tests a person's ingenuity or knowledge. In a puzzle, the solver is expected to put pieces together (or take them apart) in a logical way, in order to find the solution of the puzzle. There are different genres of puzzles, such as crossword puzzles, word-search puzzles, number puzzles, relational puzzles, and logic puzzles. The academic study of puzzles is called enigmatology.

Puzzles are often created to be a form of entertainment but they can also arise from serious mathematical or logical problems. In such cases, their solution may be a significant contribution to mathematical research.
Williamson House (Louisburg, North Carolina)
Williamson House is a historic home located at Louisburg, Franklin County, North Carolina.   It was built about 1855, and is a one-story, three bay by two bay, Greek Revival style frame cottage dwelling.  It has a hipped roof and rests on a brick basement.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. It is located in the Louisburg Historic District.

Franklin County, North Carolina
Franklin County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 68,573. Its county seat is Louisburg. Franklin County is included in the Raleigh-Cary, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.
Frank Coleman (counselor)
Frank "Tick" Coleman (February 29, 1912 – Christmas 2008) was an educator and community volunteer. Born in Philadelphia, Coleman grew up in its Point Breeze neighborhood. He was one of the first black Eagle Scouts. Coleman is noted for supporting those institutions that helped him succeed and mentoring many youth in the city of Philadelphia.

South Philadelphia
South Philadelphia, nicknamed South Philly, is the section of Philadelphia bounded by South Street to the north, the Delaware River to the east and south, and the Schuylkill River to the west. A diverse working-class community of many neighborhoods, South Philadelphia is well known for its large Italian-American population, though it also contains large Asian-American, Irish-American, African-American, and Latino populations.
Eduards Kalniņš
Eduards Kalniņš (December 31, 1876 – June 28, 1964) was a Latvian general. He participated in the Russo-Japanese War and in the Latvian War of Independence. He was Minister of Defence of Latvia in 1926 and 1928 and was recipient of the Latvian military Order of Lāčplēsis, 2nd and 3rd class, and the Estonian Cross of Liberty.

Latvians
Latvians (Latvian: latvieši) are a Baltic ethnic group and nation native to Latvia and the immediate geographical region, the Baltics. They are occasionally also referred to as Letts, especially in older bibliography. Latvians share a common Latvian language, culture, history and ancestry.
Gbii language
The Gbi and Dorue language, also known as Gbee or Gbi and Dorue, is similar to the  Krahn language of the Niger–Congo language family. It is spoken in northern Liberia  which is a district within Nimba County. Its dialects include Gbi and Dorue. It has a lexical similarity of 78% with the Bassa language.

In 1991, Gbi was spoken by 18,600 people.

Nimba County
Nimba County is a county in northeastern Liberia that shares borders with the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire in the East and the Republic of Guinea in the Northwest. Its capital city is Sanniquellie and its most populous city is Ganta. With the county's area measuring 11,551 square miles (29,920 km2), Nimba is the largest of Liberia's 15 counties. The county has six statutory districts. As of the 2022 Census, it had a population of 621,841, making it the second most populous county in Liberia.

Named after Mount Nimba (Neinbaa Tohn in the Mahn (or Mano) language), which demarcates part of the Guinea-Côte d'Ivoire border, Nimba is also bordered by Bong and Grand Bassa counties to the west, Rivercess County to the southwest, and Grand Gedeh County to the southeast. The northern and northeastern parts of Nimba border the nation of Republic of Guinea, while the northeast lies along the border of Côte d'Ivoire.
Jean-Baptiste Morvan de Bellegarde
Jean-Baptiste Morvan de Bellegarde (30 August 1648, in Nantes – 26 April 1734), abbé de Bellegarde, was a French Jesuit for 15 years, before joining Francis de Sales's order. He was the author of a number of works on ethics, religion, and education, which included Réflexions sur le ridicule (1696) and Réflexions sur la politesse des mœurs (1698).

Abbé
Abbé (French: [abe]; from Latin abbas, in turn from Greek ἀββᾶς, abbas, from Aramaic abba, a title of honour, literally meaning "the father, my father", emphatic state of abh, "father") is the French word for an abbot. It is also the title used for lower-ranking Catholic clergy in France who are not members of religious orders.
Carol Henry (actor)
Carol Henry (July 14, 1918 – September 17, 1987) was an American character actor who played the parts of henchmen in Western films and television series throughout the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s. He also served as a stunt man in various films although all his work in that field went uncredited.

Born in Oklahoma, he appeared in an episode of Sergeant Preston of the Yukon in 1955 as McClain, a murderer. In 1958 he appeared as a posse member in the TV western Tales of Wells Fargo in the episode titled "Butch Cassidy."

Carol Henry died in North Hollywood, aged 69.

Challenge of the Yukon
Challenge of the Yukon is an American radio adventure series that began on Detroit's WXYZ and is an example of a Northern genre story.  The series was first heard on January 3, 1939. The title changed from Challenge of the Yukon to Sergeant Preston of the Yukon in September 1950, and that title was retained through the end of the series and into a television adaptation.
Justin Pasfield
Justin Pasfield (born 30 May 1985) is an Australian professional goalkeeper who plays for Wollongong Olympic.

He was part of the Joeys squad for the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship in the Netherlands, and previously played for Bray Wanderers in the League of Ireland, Wollongong Wolves in the National Soccer League and Central Coast Mariners in the A-League.

Bray Wanderers F.C.
Bray Wanderers Football Club are an Irish association football club playing in the League of Ireland First Division. The club in its present form was founded in 1942 in Bray, and was known until 2010 as Bray Wanderers A.F.C. It was elected to the league in 1985, and plays its home matches at the Carlisle Grounds. The club colours are green and white, and it goes by the nickname "The Seagulls".
Oad Street
Oad Street is a small hamlet in the English county of Kent.

Oad Street forms part of the civil parish of Borden which, in turn, is part of Swale district. Oad Street is located close to Junction 5 of the M2 motorway where it crosses the A249 road.

M2 motorway (Great Britain)
The M2 is a 25-mile  (40 km) motorway in Kent, England. It is part of a link between London and North Kent, and was built to bypass the A2 through Medway, Sittingbourne, and Faversham. The M2 serves these areas through seven junctions and provides access to landmarks such as Chatham Dockyard and Rochester Castle.
Fagopsis
Fagopsis is an extinct genus of beech relative in the family Fagaceae with two accepted species – Fagopsis longifolia and Fagopsis undulata. It has been found in fossil strata ranging in age between the Early Eocene to the Late Eocene or Early Oligocene in British Columbia, Colorado, Montana, and Washington.  Several other species were formerly placed in the genus, but later removed because of insufficient associated fossils.

Eocene–Oligocene extinction event
The Eocene–Oligocene extinction event, also called the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT) is the transition between the end of the Eocene and the beginning of the Oligocene, an extinction event and faunal turnover occurring between 33.9 and 33.4 million years ago. It was marked by large-scale extinction and floral and faunal turnover, although it was relatively minor in comparison to the largest mass extinctions. In Europe it is also known as the Grande Coupure (French for "great cut"), marked by the extinction of many endemic mammal groups present in the region during the Eocene, and the immigration of previously absent mammal groups into Europe from Asia.
James Pollock Brown
James Pollock Brown (4 April 1841 – 30 May 1913) was a Canadian politician.

Born in Beau River, Canada East, the son of David Brown and Jean Pollock both from Renfrewshire, Scotland, Brown was educated at the Elementary Schools and the Business College of New Haven, Connecticut. A miller, general store keeper and farmer, he was elected as the Liberal candidate to the House of Commons of Canada for the electoral district of Châteauguay in the general elections of 1891, 1896, 1900, 1904, 1908 and 1911. He died in May 1913, after an illness of two months, and was buried at Russelltown Flats in the present day community of Saint-Chrysostome, Quebec.

1911 Canadian federal election
The 1911 Canadian federal election was held on September 21, 1911, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 12th Parliament of Canada.

The central issue was Liberal support for a proposed agreement with the United States president William Howard Taft to lower tariffs. The Conservative Party denounced it with claims it would weaken ties with Britain, hurt the Canadian economy and Canadian identity, and lead to American annexation of Canada. The idea of a Canadian Navy was also an issue.

The Conservatives won, and Robert Borden became the eighth prime minister. The election ended 15 years of government by the Liberal Party of Wilfrid Laurier.
Listed buildings in Seal, Kent
Seal is a village and civil parish in the Sevenoaks District of Kent, England. It contains one grade I, three grade II* and 89 grade II listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.

This list is based on the information retrieved online from Historic England

.

Sevenoaks District
Sevenoaks is a local government district in west Kent, England. Its council is based in the town of Sevenoaks.

The district was formed on 1 April 1974 by the merger of Sevenoaks Urban District, Sevenoaks Rural District and part of Dartford Rural District.
Napoleon Harris
Napoleon Bill Harris III (born February 25, 1979) is an American politician and former professional football player who has been a member of the Illinois Senate representing the 15th district since 2013. The 15th district stretches from Blue Island in the north, Calumet City in the east, Homewood in the west, Steger in the south, and includes all or parts of Crete-Monee, Dolton, Flossmoor, Glenwood, Thornton, Dixmoor, Markham, Midlothian, Oak Forest, Harvey, Riverdale, and South Holland.

Prior to his service in the Illinois Senate, he played as a linebacker for seven seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the Oakland Raiders, the Minnesota Vikings, and Kansas City Chiefs at various times.

Thornton, Illinois
Thornton is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States, and a south suburb of Chicago. The population was 2,386 at the 2020 census. Thornton is home to the Thornton Quarry, one of the largest quarries in the world.
Elisha Reynolds Potter
Elisha Reynolds Potter (November 5, 1764 – September 26, 1835) was a statesman in the Federalist Party from Kingston, Rhode Island, who served several times as the Speaker in the Rhode Island State Assembly.

Rhode Island General Assembly
The State of Rhode Island General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Rhode Island. A bicameral body, it is composed of the lower Rhode Island House of Representatives with 75 representatives, and the upper Rhode Island Senate with 38 senators.  Members are elected in the general election immediately preceding the beginning of the term or in special elections called to fill vacancies. There are no term limits for either chamber. The last General Assembly election took place on 2024, electing members to the Senate and House.

The General Assembly meets at the Rhode Island State House on the border of Downtown and Smith Hill in Providence. Smith Hill is sometimes used as a metonym for the Rhode Island General Assembly.
2004 Ashura massacre
The Ashura massacre of March 2, 2004 in Iraq was a series of planned terrorist explosions that killed at least 80–100 and injured at least 200 Iraqi Shi'a Muslims commemorating the Day of Ashura.  The bombings brought one of the deadliest days in the Iraq occupation after the Iraq War to topple Saddam Hussein.

Explosion
An explosion is a rapid expansion in volume of a given amount of matter associated with an extreme outward release of energy, usually with the generation of high temperatures and release of high-pressure gases. Explosions may also be generated by a slower expansion that would normally not be forceful, but is not allowed to expand, so that when whatever is containing the expansion is broken by the pressure that builds as the matter inside tries to expand, the matter expands forcefully. An example of this is a volcanic eruption created by the expansion of magma in a magma chamber as it rises to the surface. Supersonic explosions created by high explosives are known as detonations and travel through shock waves. Subsonic explosions are created by low explosives through a slower combustion process known as deflagration.
1999 Western Cape provincial election
The 1999 Western Cape provincial election was held on 2 June 1999, concurrently with the 1999 South African general election, to elect the 2nd Western Cape Provincial Parliament.

The election resulted in no overall control of the Provincial Parliament, but brought the African National Congress to a plurality of seats at the expense of the New National Party, as well as gains for the Democratic Party. Despite the result, the NNP formed a coalition with the DP, and incumbent Gerald Morkel remained premier.

New National Party (South Africa)
The New National Party (NNP; Afrikaans: Nuwe Nasionale Party) was a South African political party formed in 1997 as the successor to the National Party, which ruled the country from 1948 to 1994. The name change was an attempt to distance itself from its apartheid past, and reinvent itself as a moderate, mainstream conservative and non-racist federal party. The attempt was largely unsuccessful, and in 2005 the New National Party voted to disband itself.
Vijay A. Madgavkar
Vijay A. Madgavkar (July 8, 1914 – March 13, 2004) was an Indian badminton player.  He was the first player to win men's singles in the first edition of Indian National Badminton Championships in 1934 at the Calcutta Nationals. Vijay Madgavkar claimed the national doubles title playing alongside B. Roy in 1935.

His son, Annand Madgavkar, followed in his father's footsteps, and won several badminton championship, including winning the All India Inter University Championship continually for 1967, 1968 and 1969. When the Government of Goa failed to allow Anil Kudchadkar, the junior national badminton champion and a citizen of Goa, admission for medicine at the GMC because he was short by two marks, both Vijay and Annand returned top state awards to the government in protest. The Goa Government eventually gave it's approval to adopt a formal "Goa Sports Policy" - a decision credited to the movement started by Vijay Madgavkar and his son Annand with the return of their awards.

Indian National Badminton Championships
The Indian National Badminton Championships is a tournament organized to crown the best badminton players in India since 1934. Until the 1960s, foreign players could compete in the championships, which is why the winners' lists includes Malaysians and Danes (e.g. Erland Kops).

The championships are locally now referred to as the All Indian National Badminton Championships. The National titles in India are the following:

Men's Singles: Vikas Topiwala Challenge Cup

Women's Singles: Olympian Badminton Challenge Cup

Men's Doubles: Calcutta Badminton Cup

Women's Doubles: All India Badminton Association Cup

Mixed Doubles: Burdwan Challenge Cup

Men's Team: Ibrahim Rahimtoola Cup

Women's Team: Gulab Rai Chadha Cup
Communication Workers Union
Communication Workers Union may mean:

Communication Workers Union of Australia

Communication Workers' Union (Ireland)

Communication Workers' Union (Italy)

Communication Workers Union (South Africa)

Communication Workers Union (Trinidad and Tobago)

Communication Workers Union (United Kingdom)

Communication Workers of America

Communications Workers' Union (Ghana)

Communications Workers' Union (Ghana)
The Communications Workers' Union is a trade union representing workers in the postal and telecommunication sectors in Ghana.

The union was founded in about 1958, as the Union of Postal and Telecommunications Workers of Ghana, with the merger of the Ghana Post Office African Employees' Union and the Post Office Engineering Union.  It affiliated to the Ghana Trades Union Congress, and also to the Postal, Telegraph and Telephone International.

The union's membership peaked at 16,000 in 1972.  By 1985, the union had 7,000 members, and this fell to 6,026 in 1998.  In 1991, it renamed itself as the "Communication Workers' Union".

The union has been hit by the sale of Ghana Telecom, and the decline in demand for the services of Ghana Post.  By 2012, its membership had fallen to 2,881.
Aurore Delaigle
Aurore Delaigle FAA is a Professor and ARC Future Fellow in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics at the University of Melbourne, Australia. Her research interests include nonparametric statistics, deconvolution and functional data analysis.

Functional data analysis
Functional data analysis (FDA) is a branch of statistics that analyses data providing information about curves, surfaces or anything else varying over a continuum.  In its most general form, under an FDA framework, each sample element of functional data is considered to be a random function. The physical continuum over which these functions are defined is often time, but may also be spatial location, wavelength, probability, etc. Intrinsically, functional data are infinite dimensional. The high intrinsic dimensionality of these data brings challenges for theory as well as computation, where these challenges vary with how the functional data were sampled. However, the high or infinite dimensional structure of the data is a rich source of information and there are many interesting challenges for research and data analysis.
Ludi Triumphales
In the Roman Empire of the 4th century, the Ludi Triumphales ("Triumphal Games") were games (ludi) held annually September 18–22 to commemorate the victory of Constantine over Licinius at Chalcedon in 324. No description of these games has survived, but they are significant in the historical transformation of Roman religious and state institutions under the Christian emperors, an era inaugurated by the conversion of Constantine. Forty-eight circus races (ludi circenses) are recorded for September 18, which was also celebrated as the birthday (dies natalis) of the emperor Trajan.

Licinius
Valerius Licinianus Licinius (/lɪˈsɪniəs/; Greek: Λικίνιος; c. 265 – 325) was Roman emperor from 308 to 324. For most of his reign, he was the colleague and rival of Constantine I, with whom he co-authored the Edict of Milan that granted official toleration to Christians in the Roman Empire. He was finally defeated at the Battle of Chrysopolis (AD 324), and was later executed on the orders of Constantine.
Katagum
KatagumListenⓘ is a town, a local government area and a traditional emirate in Bauchi State of north eastern Nigeria. The town is located on the northern bank of the Jama'are River, which is a tributary of the Hadejia. Most of the inhabitants are peoples from the Fulani,  Kanuri, Karai-karai and Hausa tribes. The chief agricultural products include peanuts (groundnuts), sorghum, millet, rice (especially in the riverine fadamas, or "floodplains"), cowpeas, cotton, indigo, and gum arabic. Livestock include horses, cattle, goats, sheep, donkeys and a lot of poultry.

Jama'are River
The Jama'are River, also known as the Bunga River in its upper reaches, starts in the highlands near Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria and flows northeast through Bauchi State and Yobe State before joining the Hadejia River to form the Yobe River. There has recently been controversy over a plan to build the Kafin Zaki Dam on this river, with concerns over the effect on seasonal flooding and the water table.
Wlodek Rabinowicz
Wlodek Rabinowicz (Włodzimierz Rabinowicz, born on 14 January 1947) is a Polish-Swedish philosopher and Professor Emeritus at Lund University. Rabinowicz's areas of expertise include ethics, normativity, decision theory and utilitarianism. From 1995 to 1998, he was editor-in-chief of Theoria.

Decision theory
Decision theory or the theory of rational choice is a branch of probability, economics, and analytic philosophy that uses expected utility and probability to model how individuals would behave rationally under uncertainty. It differs from the cognitive and behavioral sciences in that it is mainly prescriptive and concerned with identifying optimal decisions for a rational agent, rather than describing how people actually make decisions. Despite this, the field is important to the study of real human behavior by social scientists, as it lays the foundations to mathematically model and analyze individuals in fields such as sociology, economics, criminology, cognitive science, moral philosophy and political science.