hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
A. D. Loganathan
Major General Arcot Doraiswamy Loganadan (also spelled as 'Loganathan' in some historical references) (12 April 1888 – 9 March 1949) was an officer of the Indian National Army (which army was allied with the Japanese Empire against British India during World War II), and was also a minister in the Azad Hind Government (another provisional ally of the Japanese Empire during World War II) as a representative of the Indian National Army there. Loganadan also served briefly as the Governor of the Andaman Islands while these islands were occupied by the Japanese during the war, and afterwards moved to Burma for the duration of the war.

Loganadan attended the Central College of Bangalore before enrolling as a student of medicine in the Madras Medical College and later training in London as a doctor of tropical diseases.

Central College, Bengaluru
Central College Bengaluru (1858) is one of the oldest colleges in India. This college was originally affiliated to University of Mysore in Mysore State. Rev. John Garrett was the founder and first principal of the Central High School, which was afterwards renamed Central College. In 1964, with the reorganization of the Indian state and the formation of Karnataka, Central College was transferred to Bangalore University, a new university formed in 1965 to meet the needs of the people of Bengaluru. Initially, the two  colleges of the city, the Central College (CC) and the University of Visvesvaraya College of Engineering (UVCE) formed the nucleus of Bangalore University.
Canton of Gondrecourt-le-Château
The canton of Gondrecourt-le-Château (French: Canton de Gondrecourt-le-Château) is a former French canton located in the department of Meuse in the Lorraine region (now part of Grand Est). This canton was organized around Gondrecourt-le-Château in the arrondissement of Commercy. It is now part of the canton of Ligny-en-Barrois.

The last general councillor from this canton was Daniel Lhuillier (PS), elected in 1998.

Gondrecourt-le-Château
Gondrecourt-le-Château (French pronunciation: [ɡɔ̃dʁəkuʁ lə ʃɑto] ⓘ) is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

On 1 January 1973 (prefectoral order dated 1 December 1972), the communes of Luméville-en-Ornois and Touraille-sous-Bois merged with and became part of it.
Noqui
Noqui (or Noki) is a town and municipality in Zaire Province in Angola.
It is on the Congo River, just across the border from the city of Matadi in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The municipality had a population of 23,880 in 2014.

Noki was the site of an early European trading post. 
In 1884 Alexandre Delcommune was appointed director of the Belgian factories in Boma and Noki.
In December 1884 Lieutenant Eduard Schulze tried to found a German colony near Noqui.

Matadi
Matadi is the chief sea port of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the capital of the Kongo Central province, adjacent to the border with Angola.It had a population of 245,862 (2004). Matadi is situated on the left bank of the Congo River, 148 km (92 mi) from the mouth and 8 km (5.0 mi) below the last navigable point before the rapids that make the river impassable for a long stretch upriver.
My Daughter, Your Daughter
My Daughter, Your Daughter (German: Meine Tochter – Deine Tochter) is a 1972 West German comedy film directed by Werner Jacobs and starring Chris Roberts, Georg Thomalla and Peter Weck. Location shooting took place in Carinthia, particularly around the Wörthersee.

A teacher at a German school is persuaded to impersonate the father of the caretaker's daughter visiting from America, leading to a series of complications.

Carinthia
Carinthia (German: Kärnten [ˈkɛʁntn̩] ⓘ; Slovene: Koroška [kɔˈɾóːʃka] ⓘ or avstrijska Koroška; Italian: Carinzia [kaˈrintsja]) is the southernmost and least densely populated Austrian state, in the Eastern Alps, and is noted for its mountains and lakes. The Lake Wolayer is a mountain lake on the Carinthian side of the Carnic Main Ridge, near the Plöcken Pass. The main language is Austrian German, with its non-standard dialects belonging to the Southern Bavarian group; Carinthian Slovene dialects, forms of a South Slavic language that predominated in the southeastern part of the region up to the first half of the 20th century, are now spoken by a small minority in the area.

Carinthia's main industries are tourism, electronics, engineering, forestry, and agriculture.
Gabon national football team
The Gabon national football team (French: Équipe de football du Gabon)  represents Gabon in men's international football. The team's nickname is The Panthers and it is governed by the Gabonese Football Federation. They have never qualified for the FIFA World Cup, but have qualified nine times (as of 2025) for the Africa Cup of Nations. Gabon is a member of both FIFA and Confederation of African Football (CAF).

Central African Games
The Central African Games was an international multi-sport event for countries within Central Africa. It was held on three occasions: in 1976 in Libreville, Gabon, in 1981 in Luanda, Angola, and finally in 1987 in Brazzaville, People's Republic of the Congo.
Sheldon Whitehouse
Sheldon Whitehouse (born October 20, 1955) is an American politician and attorney serving as the junior United States senator from Rhode Island, a seat he has held since 2007. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the United States Attorney for the District of Rhode Island from 1993 to 1998, and as the 71st attorney general of Rhode Island from 1999 to 2003. He was elected to the Senate in 2006, defeating Republican incumbent Lincoln Chafee. He was reelected in 2012, 2018, and 2024.

A political progressive and climate hawk, Whitehouse became chair of the United States Senate Committee on the Budget in 2023. He has given hundreds of Senate floor speeches about climate change and asserted that politically conservative "dark money" groups are conducting a campaign to take control of the U.S. government, specifically the Supreme Court of the United States, to prevent climate action, among other reasons.

Charles Crocker
Charles Crocker (September 16, 1822 – August 14, 1888) was an American railroad executive who was one of the founders of the Central Pacific Railroad, which constructed the westernmost portion of the first transcontinental railroad, and took control with partners of the Southern Pacific Railroad.
Bam Dev Gautam
Bam Dev Gautam (Nepali: बाम देव गौतम) is a Nepalese politician and the former Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of Nepal. Currently the senior leader of Nepali Communist Party, Gautam is a former Senior vice Chairman of Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist). He is currently a member of the National Assembly nominated by the President.

Gautam left Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) on 4 September 2021 and has not joined any party yet. It was reported that he may join CPN (Unified Socialist) or float a new party of his own soon. Later Gautam wrote an election song for CPN (Unified Socialist) after which he was thought to have joined that party. Gautam announced his own party on 28 June 2022, named the Communist Party of Nepal (Unity National Campaign).

Rupandehi District
Rupandehi District (Nepali: रुपन्देही जिल्ला; pronounced [ɾu.pʌn.de.i; -e.ɦi] ⓘ), a part of Lumbini Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal and covers an area of 1,360 km2 (530 sq mi). The district headquarter is Bhairahawa. As per the national census 2021, the population of Rupandehi was 1,118,975.
Koichi Wajima
Koichi Wajima (輪島 功一, born 21 April 1943) is a Japanese former professional boxer who was the undisputed light-middleweight champion. He held the WBA and WBC titles from 1971 and 1974, he regained the titles in January 1975 that included The Ring title but lost it right away on June of the same year. He once again won the WBA and The Ring title in 1976.

Shibetsu, Hokkaido
Shibetsu (士別市, Shibetsu-shi; Ainu: シペㇳ Sipet) is a city located in Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. As of 31 December 2024, the city had an estimated population of 16,400 in 706 households, and a population density of 15 people per km2. The total area of the city is 1,119.22 km2 (432.13 sq mi).
Stellation diagram
In geometry, a stellation diagram or stellation pattern is a two-dimensional diagram in the plane of some face of a polyhedron, showing lines where other face planes intersect with this one. The lines cause 2D space to be divided up into regions. Regions not intersected by any further lines are called elementary regions. Usually unbounded regions are excluded from the diagram, along with any portions of the lines extending to infinity. Each elementary region represents a top face of one cell, and a bottom face of another.

A collection of these diagrams, one for each face type, can be used to represent any stellation of the polyhedron, by shading the regions which should appear in that stellation.

A stellation diagram exists for every face of a given polyhedron. In face transitive polyhedra, symmetry can be used to require all faces have the same diagram shading. Semiregular polyhedra like the Archimedean solids will have different stellation diagrams for different kinds of faces.

Face (geometry)
In solid geometry, a face is a flat surface (a planar region) that forms part of the boundary of a solid object. For example, a cube has six faces in this sense.

In more modern treatments of the geometry of polyhedra and higher-dimensional polytopes, a "face" is defined in such a way that it may have any dimension. The vertices, edges, and (2-dimensional) faces of a polyhedron are all faces in this more general sense.
21900 Orus
21900 Orus /ˈɔːrəs/ is a Jupiter trojan asteroid from the Greek camp, approximately 53 kilometers (33 miles) in diameter, and a target of the Lucy mission to be visited in November 2028. It is among the 100 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 13.5 hours. It was discovered on 9 November 1999, by Japanese amateur astronomer Takao Kobayashi at his private Ōizumi Observatory in Gunma Prefecture, Japan, and later named Orus after a slain Achaean warrior from the Iliad.

Ōizumi Observatory
Ōizumi Observatory (obs. code: 411) is a private astronomical observatory in Ōizumi, Gunma Prefecture, Japan. Takao Kobayashi has made discoveries of numerous minor planets at the observatory. Since its founding, Kobayashi has discovered 1,200 minor asteroids and their positions using a 10-inch (250 mm) telescope. Ōizumi observatory like many other observatories is in a relatively undisturbed place. One of the notable people to work at the observatory is Takao Kobayashi.
Azimut Yachts
44°06′14″N 8°14′51″E﻿ / ﻿44.103926°N 8.2475223°E﻿ / 44.103926; 8.2475223

Azimut Yachts is an Italian yacht manufacturing company based in Viareggio, Italy. It was established in 1969 by Paolo Vitelli.
On December 31, 2024, Paolo Vitelli died suddenly on the spot following a fall near his home in Ayas, Aosta Valley, in the frazione of Mascognaz.

The Azimut Benetti group has been managed since 2023 by Vitelli's daughter, Giovanna, and produces motor boats from 9 to 110 metres under the Azimut and Benetti brands in six shipyards, in Avigliana in Piedmont, Savona in Liguria, Viareggio and Livorno in Tuscany, Fano in Marche and Itajai in Brazil.

Itajaí
Itajaí (Portuguese pronunciation: [itaʒaˈi]) is a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. It is located on the northern central coast of Santa Catarina and is part of the Vale do Itajaí Mesoregion, on the right bank of the Itajaí-Açu river mouth. It lies at the mouth of the Itajaí River, at 20 feet (6 metres) above sea level. The city has the 2nd largest gross domestic product and the highest per capita income in the State of Santa Catarina.
Law and Lawless
Law and Lawless is a 1932 American pre-Code western film directed by Armand Schaefer and starring Jack Hoxie, Julian Rivero, and Yakima Canutt. It was released on November 30, 1932, by Majestic Pictures.

Yakima Canutt
Enos Edward "Yakima" Canutt (November 29, 1895 – May 24, 1986) was an American rodeo rider, stuntman, and actor. Sometimes called "the King of the Stuntmen," he is considered one of the influential figures in the history of motion picture stuntcraft.

Canutt worked on over 200 films between 1915 and 1975, developing numerous stunt techniques and technologies which later became ubiquitous. He received an Academy Honorary Award in 1967. His oft-collaborator, director William Witney, said "there will probably never be another stuntman who can compare to Yakima Canutt."
Felmersham Gravel Pits
Felmersham Gravel Pits is a 21.6-hectare (53-acre) Site of Special Scientific Interest between the villages of Felmersham and Sharnbrook in Bedfordshire. It was notified under Section 28 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 in 1986 and the local planning authority is Bedford Borough Council. The site is managed by the Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Northamptonshire.

The site has flooded gravel pits which were worked until about 1945. Other habitats are neutral grassland, scrub and broadleaved woodland. It is one of the best sites in Bedfordshire for dragonflies and damselflies.

The road called Causeway goes through the reserve, which is open at all times.

Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981
The Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (c. 69) is an act of Parliament in the United Kingdom implemented to comply with European Council Directive 79/409/EEC on the conservation of wild birds. In short, the act gives protection to native species (especially those at threat), controls the release of non-native species, enhances the protection of Sites of Special Scientific Interest and builds upon the rights of way rules in the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. The act is split into 4 parts covering 74 sections; it also includes 17 schedules.

Few amendments have been made to it, and it has acted as a foundation for later legislation to build upon. The compulsory five year review of schedules 5 and 8 make it dynamic in terms of the species which it protects.
Religion and authoritarianism
Most measures of religiosity, such as church attendance and affiliation, are positively correlated with the authoritarian personality cluster, which includes submission to authority, conventionality, and intolerance of out-groups. The correlation is especially strong between religious fundamentalism (defined as belief in an "inerrant set of religious teachings") and authoritarianism, both of which are characterized by low openness to experience, high rigidity, and low cognitive complexity. In particular, authoritarianism "is positively associated with a religion that is conventional, unquestioned, and unreflective".

Convention (norm)
A convention  influences a set of agreed, stipulated, or generally accepted standards, social norms, or other criteria, often taking the form of a custom.

In physical sciences, numerical values (such as constants, quantities, or scales of measurement) are called conventional if they do not represent a measured property of nature, but originate in a convention, for example an average of many measurements, agreed between the scientists working with these values.
Jules René Bourguignat
Jules René Bourguignat (19 August 1829, Brienne-Napoléon, Aube – 7 April 1892) was a French malacologist, a scientist who studied mollusks. He served as secretary-general of the Société malacologique de France. He traveled widely, visiting, for example, Lake Tanganyika and North Africa. He reportedly defined 112 new genera and around 2540 new species of mollusks.

Aube
Aube (French pronunciation: [ob] ⓘ ohb) is a French department in the Grand Est region of northeastern France. As with sixty departments in France, this department is named after a river: the Aube. With 310,242 inhabitants (2019), Aube is the 74th department in terms of population. The inhabitants of the department are known as Aubois or Auboises.

The department was constituted by a decree of the National Assembly of 15 January 1790.
Marine mucilage
Marine mucilage, also referenced as sea snot or sea saliva, is thick, gelatinous organic matter found around the world's oceans, lately observed in the Mediterranean Sea.

Marine mucilage carries diverse microorganisms. Triggers that cause it to form include increased phosphorus, drought conditions, and climate change. Its effects are widespread, affecting fishing industries, smothering sea life, and spreading bacteria and viruses. Citizens and governments around the world are working to institute countermeasures, including treatment, seawater cleanup, and other public policies.

Organic matter
Organic matter, organic material or natural organic matter (NOM) is the large source of carbon-based compounds found within natural and engineered, terrestrial, and aquatic environments. It is matter composed of organic compounds that have come from the feces and remains of organisms such as plants and animals. Organic molecules can also be made by chemical reactions that do not involve life. Basic structures are created from cellulose, tannin, cutin, and lignin, along with other various proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Organic matter is very important in the movement of nutrients in the environment and plays a role in water retention on the surface of the planet.
Arens
Arens is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cody Arens (born 1993), American actor

Egmont Arens (1889–1966), American publisher

Henry M. Arens (1873–1963), American politician

Jan-Hein Arens (born 1974), Dutch painter

Josy Arens (1952–2024), Belgian farmer and politician

Logan Arens (born 1993), American actor

Maarten Arens (born 1972), Dutch judoka

Moshe Arens (1925–2019), Israeli politician

Richard Friederich Arens (1919–2000), American mathematician

Teresa Trzaskowska née Arens, Rafał Trzaskowski mother

Henry M. Arens
Henry Martin Arens (November 21, 1873 – October 6, 1963) was a German-American farmer and politician from Minnesota who served in several public offices, including as lieutenant governor and U.S. Representative.
Mount Nansen (Yukon)
Mount Nansen is a deeply eroded Mid-Cretaceous stratovolcano located 53 km (33 mi) west of Carmacks and 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Victoria Mountain in the central Yukon, Canada. It consists of rhyolite, dacite, andesite flows, breccias and tuff. Mount Nansen was formed during subducting under North America during the Mid-Cretaceous.

Breccia
Breccia (/ˈbrɛ(t)ʃiə/ BRETCH-ee-ə, BRESH-; Italian: [ˈbrettʃa]; Italian for 'breach') is a clastic rock composed of large angular broken fragments of minerals or rocks cemented together by a fine-grained matrix.

The word has its origins in the Italian language, in which it means 'rubble'. A breccia may have a variety of different origins, as indicated by the named types including sedimentary breccia, fault or tectonic breccia, igneous breccia, impact breccia, and hydrothermal breccia.

A megabreccia is a breccia composed of very large rock fragments, sometimes kilometers across, which can be formed by landslides, impact events, or caldera collapse.
Ostreoidea
Ostreoidea is a taxonomic superfamily of bivalve marine mollusc, sometimes simply identified as oysters, containing two families.  The ostreoids are characterized in part by the presence of a well developed axial rod.  Anal flaps are known to exist within the family Ostreidae but not within the more-primitive Gryphaeidae.  The scar from the adductor muscle is simple, with a single, central scar.  In the majority, the right valve is less convex than the left.

Valve (mollusc)
A valve is each articulating part of the shell of a mollusc or another multi-shelled animal such as brachiopods and some crustaceans. Each part is known as a valve or in the case of chitons, a "plate". Members of two classes of molluscs, the Bivalvia (clams) and the Polyplacophora (chitons), have valves.

Species within one family of very unusual small sea snails, marine opisthobranch gastropods in the family Juliidae, also have two articulating shells or valves, which resemble those of a bivalve. This exceptional family is commonly known as the bivalved gastropods. Gastropods in general are sometimes called "univalves", because in those that have a shell, the shell is usually in one part.
Isdal Woman
The Isdal Woman (Norwegian: Isdalskvinna, c. 1930–1945 – November 1970) is a placeholder name given to an unidentified woman who was found dead at Isdalen ("The Ice Valley") in Bergen, Norway, on 29 November 1970.

Although police at the time ruled a verdict of likely suicide, the nature of the case encouraged speculation and ongoing investigation in the years since. Half a century later, it remains one of the most profound cold case mysteries in Norwegian history.

Placeholder name
Placeholder names are names used as placeholder words, i.e., referring to things, places, or people, the names of which or of whom do not actually exist; are temporarily forgotten, or are unimportant; or in order to avoid stigmatization, or because they are unknowable or unpredictable given the context of their discussion; or to deliberately expunge direct use of the name. Placeholder names for people are often terms referring to an average person or a predicted persona of a typical user or for an individual whose name is unknown. Placeholder names serve as a "common language" that provide flexibility and clarity when talking or writing about concepts. Some morphologists "will distinguish between placeholders such as thingummy and placeholder names like John Doe". In computer programming and printing, placeholder names allow a creator to test or visualize the end product.
Cape Blossom
Cape Blossom (Iñupiaq: Igluġruat) is a cape located on the Baldwin Peninsula in Alaska which occupies a point that extends southwestwards into Kotzebue Sound, 18 km south of Kotzebue.

This headland was named in 1826 by Royal Navy Captain Frederick William Beechey after his vessel, HMS Blossom.

Cape Blossom in Alaska should not be confused with Cape Blossom on Wrangel Island.

Kotzebue Sound
Kotzebue Sound is an arm of the Chukchi Sea in the western region of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is on the north side of the Seward Peninsula and bounded on the east by the Baldwin Peninsula. It is 100 miles (160 km) long and 70 miles (110 km) wide.

Kotzebue Sound is located in the transitional climate zone, which is characterized by long, cold winters and cool summers. The average low temperature during January is −12 °F (−24 °C); the average high during July is 58 °F (14 °C). Temperature extremes have been measured from −52 °F (−47 °C) to 85 °F (29 °C). Snowfall averages 40 inches (1,016 mm), with total precipitation of 9 inches (229 mm) per year. Kotzebue Sound is ice-free from early July until early October.

The towns of Kotzebue, Kiwalik and Deering are on the shores of Kotzebue Sound. Kotzebue Sound was explored and named in 1816 by Baltic German Lieutenant Otto von Kotzebue while searching for the Northeast Passage in the service of Russia.
BBC Look North
BBC portal

BBC Look North is a name used by the BBC for its regional news programmes in three regions in the North of England:

BBC Look North for the BBC North East and Cumbria region

BBC Look North for the BBC Yorkshire region

BBC Look North for the BBC East Yorkshire and Lincolnshire region

Prior to 1980, BBC North West Tonight for the BBC North West region, was also called BBC Look North.

BBC Look North (East Yorkshire and Lincolnshire)
BBC Look North is the BBC's TV news service for East Yorkshire and Lincolnshire, produced by BBC Yorkshire and Lincolnshire. The programmes are produced and broadcast from the BBC Broadcasting Centre at Queens Court in Kingston upon Hull, with reporters also based in Lincoln.

Peter Levy is the main presenter/newsreader on the 13:35 and 18:30 weekday bulletins, whilst the 22:30 and BBC Breakfast bulletins are presented by different journalists.

The programme can be watched in any part of the UK (and Europe) from Astra 2E on Freesat channel 967 and Sky channel 957, and in select areas on Virgin Media channel 858. The latest edition of Look North is also available to watch on the BBC iPlayer.