hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Olti okrug
The Olti okrug was a district (okrug) of the Kars Oblast of the Russian Empire existing between 1878 and 1918. Its capital was the town of Olty (present-day Oltu), presently part of the Erzurum Province of Turkey. The okrug bordered with the Kars okrug to the southeast, the Ardahan okrug to the northwest, the Kagizman okrug to its south, the Batum Oblast to the north, and the Erzurum vilayet of the Ottoman Empire to the west.

Erzurum Province
Erzurum Province (Turkish: Erzurum ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Its area is 25,006 km2, and its population is 749,754 (2022). The capital of the province is the city of Erzurum. It is the fourth largest province in all of Turkey. It is bordered by the provinces of Kars and Ağrı to the east, Muş and Bingöl to the south, Erzincan and Bayburt to the west, Rize and Artvin to the north and Ardahan to the northeast. The governor of the province is Mustafa Çiftçi, appointed in August 2023. The province has a Turkish majority.
Lincoln High School (Dallas)
Lincoln High School is public high school located in Dallas, Texas (USA) which enrolls students in grades 9-12 and is a part of the Dallas Independent School District.

Lincoln's magnet school offers Radio/Television/Film, Print Journalism, and Humanities. Lincoln has a variety of activities including Academic Decathlon, Debate, One Act Play, The Wall Of Sound Marching Band, and a variety of sports. The school has won national and state championships in boys' basketball.

For the 2018-2020 biennium, Lincoln is classified by the University Interscholastic League (UIL) as a 4A Division school, competing in District 4A-5 (Division II) in football, and District 4A-12 in all other sports.

In 2018, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency, with a 2-Star Distinction for Academic Achievements in Mathematics and Post Secondary Readiness.

University Interscholastic League
The University Interscholastic League (UIL) is an organization that creates rules for and administers almost all athletic, musical, and academic contests for public primary and secondary schools in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the largest organization of its type in the world.

Activities range from American football and cross-examination debate to mathematics and marching band competitions; however, the UIL does not administer Academic Decathlon competitions.

The UIL is under the governance of the Vice President for Diversity and Community Engagement at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas. Although the Texas Education Agency governs the activities of schools and school districts in Texas, the UIL does not report to TEA, but is instead a separate entity.
Shafi Ahmad Wani
Shafi Ahmad Wani is an Indian politician from Jammu & Kashmir. He is a Member of the Jammu & Kashmir Legislative Assembly from 2024, representing Beerwah Assembly constituency as a Member of the Jammu & Kashmir National Conference party. Previously he was elected in the 2008 Assembly election from the same constituency as a member of the Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party.

Beerwah Assembly constituency
Beerwah Assembly constituency is one of the 90 constituencies in the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir a north state of India. Beerwah is also part of Baramulla Lok Sabha constituency.
Fatih Bridge
Fatih Bridge (Turkish: Fatih Köprüsü), a.k.a. Bönce Bridge, is a historic Ottoman bridge in Edirne, Turkey. It crosses the Tunca, connecting Edirne Palace to the city.

Constructed by the Ottoman sultan Mehmed the Conqueror in 1452, the bridge has three arches.

Tundzha
The Tundzha (Bulgarian: Тунджа [ˈtund͡ʒɐ]; Turkish: Tunca [tund͡ʒa]; Tonsus in antiquity) is a river in southeastern Bulgaria and northwesternmost Turkey, a left tributary of the Maritsa. With a length of 390 km, of which 350 km are in Bulgaria, it is Maritsa's longest tributary, though in terms of discharge it is second after the Arda. Tundzha Glacier on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Tundzha River.
Church of St Laurence, East Harptree
The Church of St Laurence in East Harptree, Somerset, England, was built in the late 12th century. It is a Grade II* listed building.

The original 12th-century church was expanded in the 13th century and the tower added in the 15th. The three-stage west tower, which was built in the 15th century is supported by diagonal buttresses. The parapet was restored in 1633. The tower has a small polygonal turret in the north west corner and a parapet with gargoyles beneath it. It contains six bells.

New seating was provided during repairs in the 1880s.

The parish is now part of the benefice of East Harptree with West Harptree and Hinton Blewett, Litton with Chewton Mendip within the archdeaconry of Wells.

Hinton Blewett
Hinton Blewett is a village and civil parish in Somerset, England, 5 miles (8.0 km) north of Wells and 15 miles (24.1 km) south of Bristol on the northern slope of the Mendip Hills, within the designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) and in the Chew Valley near the source of the River Chew. The parish has a population of 308.
Quality Street (1937 film)
Quality Street  is a 1937 American historical comedy film made by RKO Radio Pictures. It was directed by George Stevens and produced by Pandro S. Berman. Set in 19th-century England, the film stars Katharine Hepburn and Franchot Tone. Joan Fontaine makes one of her early (uncredited) film appearances. The screenplay was by Allan Scott, Mortimer Offner, and Jack Townley, based on the 1901 play Quality Street by J. M. Barrie.

This 1937 version was filmed at the RKO Encino movie ranch, RKO Forty Acres backlot, and RKO Hollywood Studios. Quality Street was a box office failure, recording a loss of $248,000. It was Katharine Hepburn's fourth flop film in a row for RKO Pictures, which added to Miss Hepburn’s label as "box office poison" by the 1938 national group of movie exhibitors.

Roy Webb's music was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Score.

Movie ranch
A movie ranch is a ranch that is at least partially dedicated for use as a set in the creation and production of motion pictures and television shows. These were developed in the United States in southern California, because of the climate.

Movie ranches were developed in the 1920s for location shooting in Southern California to support the making of popular Western films. Finding it difficult to recreate the topography of the Old West on sound stages and studio backlots, the Hollywood studios went to the rustic valleys, canyons and foothills of Southern California for filming locations. Other large-scale productions, such as war films, also needed large, undeveloped settings for outdoor scenes, such as battles.
-ol
The suffix –ol is used in organic chemistry principally to form names of organic compounds containing the hydroxyl (–OH) group, mainly alcohols. The suffix was extracted from the word alcohol.

The suffix also appears in some trivial names with reference to oils (from Latin oleum, oil). Examples of this sense of the suffix include phenol, eugenol, urushiol, and menthol.

Eugenol
Eugenol /ˈjuːdʒɪnɒl/ is an allyl chain-substituted guaiacol, a member of the allylbenzene class of chemical compounds. It is a colorless to pale yellow, aromatic oily liquid extracted from certain essential oils especially from clove, nutmeg, cinnamon, basil and bay leaf. It is present in concentrations of 80–90% in clove bud oil and at 82–88% in clove leaf oil. Containing eugenol, clove essential oil is obtained from unopened clove buds. Eugenol has a pleasant, spicy, clove-like scent. The name is derived from Eugenia caryophyllata, the former Linnean nomenclature term for cloves. The currently accepted name is Syzygium aromaticum.
Sciara sheep
The Sciara or Moscia Calabrese is an indigenous breed of domestic sheep from the provinces of Catanzaro and Cosenza, in Calabria in southern Italy. It is a hardy and frugal breed, well adapted to the poor and stony upland terrain of the area. Sources from the early 20th century describe it as dark-coloured; according to the breed standard, it should be white.

It is one of the forty-two autochthonous local sheep breeds of limited distribution for which a herdbook is kept by the Associazione Nazionale della Pastorizia, the Italian national association of sheep-breeders; the herdbook is empty. The breed numbered about 15,000 in 1983. No numbers have been reported to DAD-IS or published since that date.

DAD-IS
DAD-IS is the acronym for the Domestic Animal Diversity Information System, a tool developed and maintained by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations as a part of its programme for management of animal genetic resources for food and agriculture. It includes a searchable database of information on animal breeds.
Black-cowled saltator
The black-cowled saltator (Saltator nigriceps) is a seed-eating passerine bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is found in the southern border region of Ecuador and the northern border region of Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

Tanager
The tanagers (singular /ˈtænədʒər/) comprise the bird family Thraupidae, in the order Passeriformes. The family has a Neotropical distribution and is the second-largest family of birds. It represents about 4% of all avian species and 12% of the Neotropical birds.

Traditionally, the family contained around 240 species of mostly brightly colored fruit-eating birds. As more of these birds were studied using modern molecular techniques, it became apparent that the traditional families were not monophyletic. Euphonia and Chlorophonia, which were once considered part of the tanager family, are now treated as members of the Fringillidae, in their own subfamily (Euphoniinae). Likewise, the genera Piranga (which includes the scarlet tanager, summer tanager, and western tanager), Chlorothraupis, and Habia appear to be members of the family Cardinalidae, and have been reassigned to that family by the American Ornithological Society.
Cyrilla Mozenter
Cyrilla Mozenter is a New York-based artist known for her hand stitched industrial wool felt freestanding and wall pieces that include the transplantation of cutout letters, letter-derived, and pictogram-like shapes, as well as her hybrid works on paper, incorporating drawing, writing, painting, and collage. Her works make reference to the writings of Gertrude Stein. Awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2020, her work is represented in many public collections including The Brooklyn Museum and The Yale University Art Gallery.

Neuberger Museum of Art
The Neuberger Museum of Art (the NEU) is located at the centre of the Purchase College campus in Purchase, New York. With a collection of nearly 7,000 works of modern, contemporary and African art, it is one of the nation's largest academic museums. Exhibition tours, lectures, and special events are held throughout the year.
US signals intelligence in the Cold War
After the end of World War II, all the Western allies began a rapid drawdown of military forces, including those of signals intelligence. At the time, the US still had a COMINT organization split between the Army and Navy.  A 1946 plan listed Russia, China, and a [redacted] country as high-priority targets.

Each service ran independent agreements with foreign counterparts, some of which, especially the British, had already formed a central communications intelligence organization (e.g., the Government Code and Cypher School at Bletchley Park, now the Government Communications Headquarters). Lack of centralization bothered these allies.  The vital British-US cooperation was, at this point, one of the strongest incentives to the US Army and Navy to form a centralized organization.

Government Code and Cypher School
The Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) was a British signals intelligence agency set up in 1919.  During the First World War, the British Army and Royal Navy had separate signals intelligence agencies, MI1b and NID25 (initially known as Room 40) respectively.  It was particularly known for its work on codebreaking at Bletchley Park and after the war became the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ).
Da capo aria
The da capo aria (Italian pronunciation: [da (k)ˈkaːpo ˈaːrja]) is a musical form for arias that was prevalent in the Baroque era. It is sung by a soloist with the accompaniment of instruments, often a small orchestra. The da capo aria is very common in the musical genres of opera and oratorio. According to Randel, a number of Baroque composers (he lists A. Scarlatti, Hasse, Handel, Porpora, Leo, and Vinci) composed more than a thousand da capo arias during their careers.

Leonardo Vinci
Leonardo Vinci (1690 – 27 May 1730) was an Italian Baroque composer known chiefly for his 40 or so operas; comparatively little of his work in other genres survives. A central proponent of the Neapolitan School of opera, his influence on subsequent opera composers such as Johann Adolph Hasse and Giovanni Battista Pergolesi was considerable.
Carl W. Duckworth
Carl William Duckworth (January 25, 1955 – May 1, 2018) was an American politician. A Democrat, he served in the Utah State House of Representatives where he represented the 22nd District in Magna, Utah, from 1999 to 2008. He retired after being diagnosed (in late 2007) with multiple myeloma, an abnormal blood cell cancer.

Duckworth was born in Salt Lake City, Utah. Duckworth was a Latter-day Saint. He held a bachelor's degree from Boise State University. He also went to College of Eastern Utah and took electrical apprentice courses at the Salt Lake Community College. Duckworth was a heavy equipment operator.

Duckworth died of cancer on May 1, 2018, at the age of 63.

Boise State University
Boise State University (BSU) is a public research university in Boise, Idaho, United States. Founded in 1932 by the Episcopal Church, it became an independent junior college in 1934 and has been awarding baccalaureate and master's degrees since 1965. It became a public institution in 1969.

Boise State offers more than 100 graduate programs, including a variety of MBA programs and the MAcc program in the College of Business and Economics; master's and PhD programs in the Colleges of Engineering, Arts & Sciences, and Education; MPA program in the School of Public Service; and the MPH program in the College of Health Sciences. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". In the 2024 fiscal year, Boise State reported total research awards exceeding $83 million and research expenditures surpassing $70 million.

The university's intercollegiate athletic teams, the Broncos, compete in NCAA Division I as a member of the Mountain West Conference.
Viola Mary Johnson Coleman
Viola Mary Johnson Coleman (September 25, 1919 - October 12, 2005) was the first African-American female physician to practice medicine in Midland, Texas. She was active in advocating for the desegregation of schools and for the integration of hospitals in Midland. In 1945, she enlisted the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in bringing a lawsuit against Louisiana State University medical school for denying her admission based upon her race, a decade before some of the most influential civil rights actions such as in Montgomery and Little Rock. In part due to Coleman's case, NAACP lawyers pursued similar litigation for desegregation of schools in the late 1940s and 1950s, including the U.S. Supreme Court case Sweatt vs Painter. She was known as a compassionate physician and figurehead in the Midland community, never turning anyone away even if they couldn't pay for medical care.

Montgomery bus boycott
The Montgomery bus boycott was a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama. It was a foundational event in the civil rights movement in the United States. The campaign lasted from December 5, 1955 – the Monday after Rosa Parks, an African-American woman, was arrested for her refusal to surrender her seat to a white person – to December 20, 1956, when the federal ruling Browder v. Gayle, a United States Supreme Court decision that declared the Alabama and Montgomery laws that segregated buses were unconstitutional, took effect.
Bad Intentions (song)
"Bad Intentions" is a single by American rapper Dr. Dre, featuring vocals from fellow rapper Knoc-turn'al, recorded for and taken from the soundtrack to the film The Wash. The song was produced by Mahogany Music and co-produced by Dre himself. It contains a sample from "Hollywood Hot" by Eleventh Hour. The single was released in November 2001 . The song debuted on the UK Singles Chart at number four, staying in the charts for sixteen weeks. The music video for "Bad Intentions" depicts Dr. Dre and Knoc-turn'al filming a fictional music video at a burlesque house named "Bad Intentions". Rapper Jay-Z also used the instrumental in his diss track, "Supa Ugly", towards fellow rapper Nas, after the latter released "Ether", during their feud. The video features a cameo appearance from comedian Tommy Davidson.

Ether (song)
"Ether" is a diss track by American rapper Nas, from his 2001 album Stillmatic. The song was a response to Jay-Z's "Takeover", released earlier that year. "Ether" has been called a "classic" diss track and one of the "wildest"  according to Rolling Stone.
Hirth (surname)
Hirth is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Friedrich Hirth Ph.D. (1845–1927), German-American sinologist

Georg Hirth (1841–1916), German writer, journalist and publisher

Greg Hirth (born 1963), American geophysicist

Hellmuth Hirth (1886–1938), German engineer who founded the Mahle GmbH and Hirth companies

John Joseph Hirth (1854–1931), Catholic Bishop in German East Africa

Wolf Hirth (1900–1959), German gliding pioneer and sailplane designer

Georg Hirth
Georg Hirth (13 July 1841 in Tonna – 28 March 1916 in Tegernsee) was a German writer, journalist and publisher. He is best known for founding the cultural magazine Jugend in 1896, which was instrumental in popularizing Art Nouveau.
2001 Wismilak International – Doubles
Henrieta Nagyová and Sylvia Plischke were the defending champions, but none competed this year. Nagyová chose to compete at Leipzig during the same week.

Evie Dominikovic and Tamarine Tanasugarn won the title by defeating Janet Lee and Wynne Prakusya 6–7(4–7), 6–2, 6–3 in the final.

Evie Dominikovic
Evie Dominikovic (Croatian: Evie Dominiković, pronounced [dominǐːkoʋitɕ, domǐni-]; born 29 May 1980) is a retired Australian tennis player. Her younger sister (by seven years) is the fellow former tennis player Daniella Dominikovic (later Daniella Jeflea). Evie Dominikovic also has a child. Her son is Joseph Ivisic

She turned professional in 1997. Her best Grand Slam performance came at the 2001 Australian Open and at the 2002 French Open where she reached the third round.

Her best singles ranking was 64, achieved in September 2001. Dominikovic also played women's doubles; her best doubles ranking was 52, reached in August 2002. In her career, she won one doubles title on the WTA Tour, as well as 12 singles and 15 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.
1993 Virginia Slims Championships – Doubles
Gigi Fernández and Natasha Zvereva defeated Larisa Neiland and Jana Novotná in the final, 6–3, 7–5 to win the doubles tennis title at the 1993 Virginia Slims Championships.

Arantxa Sánchez Vicario and Helena Suková were the defending champions, but were defeated in the semifinals by Neiland and Novotná.

Natasha Zvereva
Natalya "Natasha" Maratovna Zvereva (born 16 April 1971) is a former professional tennis player from Belarus. She was the first major athlete in the Soviet Union to demand publicly that she should be able to keep her tournament earnings. Zvereva and her main doubles partner Gigi Fernández are the most successful women's doubles team (measured by WTA Tour and major titles) since Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver.

On 12 July 2010, Zvereva was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame alongside Fernández.
Blue-gray
Blue-gray (also blue-grey in British English) is a medium blue-gray color on the cool side of the color wheel. The name blue-gray was introduced by Crayola for a crayon color used from 1958 to 1990. The complementary color is #CC9966, a warm khaki or brown.

It has historically been called livid, from the Latin lividus, meaning "a dull leaden-blue color". The word entered English in the fifteenth century, first in medical use to describe the bluish-gray discoloration of bruised or damaged flesh, the condition also expressed in the phrase "black and blue". The familiar modern sense of livid meaning furiously angry developed later, via the intermediate sense of a face turning pale or ashen with rage.

There is a wide range of named blue-gray or livid shades, including steel blue, glaucous, cadet grey, and Payne's grey, among others. The color appears in nature, culture, and military uniform traditions around the world.

Color wheel
A color wheel or color circle is an abstract illustrative organization of color hues around a circle, which shows the relationships between primary colors, secondary colors, tertiary colors etc.

Some sources use the terms color wheel and color circle interchangeably; however, one term or the other may be more prevalent in certain fields or certain versions as mentioned above. For instance, some reserve the term color wheel for mechanical rotating devices, such as color tops, filter wheels or the Newton disc. Others classify various color wheels as color disc, color chart, and color scale varieties.
Transactional analysis
Transactional analysis is a psychoanalytic theory and method of therapy wherein social interactions (or "transactions") are analyzed to determine the ego state of the communicator (whether parent-like, childlike, or adult-like) as a basis for understanding behavior. In transactional analysis, the communicator is taught to alter the ego state as a way to solve emotional problems. The method deviates from Freudian psychoanalysis, which focuses on increasing awareness of the contents of subconsciously held ideas. Eric Berne developed the concept and paradigm of transactional analysis in the late 1950s.

Therapy
A therapy or medical treatment is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a medical diagnosis. Both words, treatment and therapy, are often abbreviated tx, Tx, or Tx.

As a rule, each therapy has indications and contraindications.  There are many different types of therapy.  Not all therapies are effective.  Many therapies can produce unwanted adverse effects.

Treatment and therapy are often synonymous, especially in the usage of health professionals. However,  in the context of mental health, the term therapy may refer specifically to psychotherapy.

A therapist is a person who offers any modality of therapy. Therapist refers to trained professionals engaged in providing services any kind of treatment or rehabilitation.