hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Certificate of Citizenship (Indonesia)
The Certificate of Citizenship of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Surat Bukti Kewarganegaraan Republik Indonesia; abbreviated SBKRI) was an identity card establishing citizenship in the Republic of Indonesia.

The SBKRI was used to discriminate against Indonesians of Chinese descent. It was required to enter academia, obtain a passport, to register for an election, and to get married. The requirement was eventually abolished although local bureaucracies have continued to engage in abuses.

The legal bases for SBKRI was established with the Act No. 62 of 1958 issued by the Minister of Justice G. A. Maengkom and approved by President Sukarno. It came in the wake of Mao Zedong's decree that all Chinese people everywhere are citizens of the People's Republic of China based on the principle of jus sanguinis (blood descendants). This was followed with the Dual Nationality Agreement between Indonesia and China between Zhou Enlai and Soenario in 1955.

Sino-Indonesian Dual Nationality Treaty
The Agreement on the Issue of Dual Nationality between the Republic of Indonesia and the People's Republic of China, better known as the Sino-Indonesian Dual Nationality Treaty, was a bilateral agreement between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Indonesia that forced Chinese Indonesians with dual nationality of both countries to choose citizenship of just one. It was signed by Zhou Enlai, Premier and Foreign Minister of China, and Sunario, Foreign Minister of Indonesia, on 22 April 1955 during the Asian–African Conference in Bandung. Following ratification by both parties, the treaty came into force on 20 January 1960 after an exchange of the instruments of ratification in Beijing.
Cap hook
A cap hook is a decorative hat ornament fashionable from the Late Middle Ages through the Tudor period, used to pin up or decorate men's hat brims.  Cap hooks were made of gold, silver, or silver-gilt base metal, and might be decorated with jewels or enamelling.

Cap hooks could be purely decorative or could carry religious or symbolic meaning. The latter form are called enseignes and may be an evolution of the medieval pilgrim badge.

Tudor period
In England and Wales, the Tudor period occurred between 1485 and 1603, including the Elizabethan era. The Tudor period coincides with the reign of the House of Tudor, which began with the accession of Henry VII and ended with the death of Elizabeth I.  Under the Tudor dynasty, art, architecture, trade, exploration, and commerce flourished. Historian John Guy (1988) argued that "England was economically healthier, more expensive, and more optimistic under the Tudors" than at any time since the ancient Roman occupation.
Good Views, Bad News
Good Views, Bad News is the second album by the punk rock band Broadway Calls. It was recorded at Blasting Room in Fort Collins, Colorado, Produced by Descendents drummer Bill Stevenson & Jason Livermore.

Descendents
The Descendents are an American punk rock band formed in Manhattan Beach, California, in 1977, by guitarist Frank Navetta, bassist Tony Lombardo and drummer Bill Stevenson as a power pop/surf punk band. In 1979, they enlisted Stevenson's school friend Milo Aukerman as a singer, and reappeared as a melodic hardcore punk band, becoming a major player in the hardcore scene developing in Los Angeles at the time. They have released eight studio albums, three live albums, three compilation albums, and four EPs. Since 1986, the band's lineup has consisted of Aukerman, Stevenson, guitarist Stephen Egerton, and bassist Karl Alvarez.
Papineau (provincial electoral district)
Papineau (French pronunciation: [papino]) is a provincial electoral district located in the Outaouais region of Quebec, which elects members to the National Assembly. It notably includes part of the City of Gatineau as well as the municipalities of L'Ange-Gardien, Saint-André-Avellin, Thurso and Papineauville.

It was created for the 1923 election from part of Labelle.

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it lost Val-des-Monts to Gatineau electoral district but gained some territory in the city of Gatineau from Chapleau electoral district.

The constituency or “riding” was named after Louis-Joseph Papineau, Canadian politician and leader of the Quebec Patriotes in the 19th century.

Papineauville
Papineauville (French pronunciation: [papinovil]) is a town and municipality in the Outaouais region of Quebec, Canada. It is the seat of the Papineau Regional County Municipality. In 2001 its population was 2247.

The municipality is bordered on the north side by the Petite-Nation River and on the south side by Pentecost Bay of the Ottawa River.
Jane Elliott (sociologist)
Barbara Jane Elliott CBE FAcSS (born 25 January 1966) is a British sociologist and academic. She is Professor of Sociology at the University of Exeter.  From October 2014 to September 2017 she was chief executive of the Economic and Social Research Council. Her research uses longitudinal, qualitative and quantitative methodologies to explore issues of gender and employment.

Victoria University of Manchester
The Victoria University of Manchester, usually referred to as simply the University of Manchester, was a university in Manchester, England. It was founded in 1851 as Owens College. In 1880, the college joined the federal Victoria University. After the break-up of the Victoria University, it gained an independent university charter in 1904 as the Victoria University of Manchester.

On 1 October 2004, the Victoria University of Manchester merged with the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) to form a new, larger entity named the University of Manchester.
Divaricatic acid
Divaricatic acid is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C21H24O7.  It is found in a variety of lichens, including some in the genera Evernia, Lepraria, and Ramalina. It is classified as a depside.

Divaricatic acid forms colorless crystalline needles with a melting point of 129 °C.

Divaricatic acid has antibacterial properties against some Gram positive bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, and Enterococcus faecium. Since it also has activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with a potency equivalent to that of vancomycin, it has been suggested as a potential treatment for MRSA. It also has molluscicidal activity against Biomphalaria glabrata (ram's horn snail) and antiparasitic activity against cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni (blood fluke).

Lepraria
Lepraria is a genus of leprose (powdery) crustose lichens that grows on its substrate like patches of granular, caked up, mealy dust grains. Members of the genus are commonly called dust lichens.: 305  The main vegetative body (thallus) is made of patches of soredia (little balls of algae wrapped in fungus). Sexual structures have not been observed in Lepraria, but genomic evidence indicates that the genus retains mating type and meiosis-associated genes, raising the possibility of cryptic sexual or parasexual recombination. Some species can form marginal lobes and appear squamulose. Because of the morphological simplicity of the thallus and the absence of sexual structures, the composition of lichen products (i.e., secondary metabolites made by lichens) are important characters to distinguish between similar species in Lepraria.
The Sign Painter
The Sign Painter (Latgalian: Piļsāta pi upis, Latvian: Pilsēta pie upes – 'city by the river') is a 2020 historical drama film written and directed by Latvian filmmaker Viestur Kairish. The film premiered on 15 January 2020 in Latvia and on 19 November 2020 internationally at the Tallinn Black Nights Film Festival.

Latgalian language
Latgalian (latgalīšu volūda, Latvian: latgaliešu valoda) is an East Baltic language. The language law of Latvia classifies it as a "historical variant of the Latvian language". It is mostly spoken in Latgale, the eastern part of Latvia. The 2011 Latvian census established that 164,500 of Latvia's inhabitants, or 8.8% of the population, speak Latgalian daily. 97,600 of them lived in Latgale, 29,400 in Riga and 14,400 in the Riga Planning Region.
Yves Morvan
Yves Morvan (French:iv moʁɑ̃; born January 13, 1932, in Uzel) is a French archaeologist, specialist of the romanesque art and of the iconography of Blaise Pascal. He is also a restorer, sculptor of religious characters,  as well as member of the Academy of Science, Literature and Arts of Clermont-Ferrand. He is the father of the novelist Philippe Morvan.

Romanesque art
Romanesque art is the art of Europe from approximately 1000 AD to the rise of the Gothic style in the 12th century, or later depending on region. The preceding period is known as the Pre-Romanesque period. The term was invented by 19th-century art historians, especially for Romanesque architecture, which retained many basic features of Roman architectural style – most notably round-headed arches, but also barrel vaults, apses, and acanthus-leaf decoration – but had also developed many very different characteristics.

In southern France, Spain, and Italy there was an architectural continuity with the Late Antique, but the Romanesque style was the first style to spread across the whole of Catholic Europe, from Sicily to Scandinavia. Romanesque art was also greatly influenced by Byzantine art, especially in painting, and by the anti-classical energy of the decoration of the Insular art of the British Isles. From these elements was forged a highly innovative and coherent style.
Potenza Centrale railway station
Potenza Centrale railway station (Italian: Stazione di Potenza Centrale), formerly known as Potenza Inferiore, is the main station serving the city and comune of Potenza, in the region of Basilicata, southern Italy.  Opened in 1880, it forms part of the Battipaglia–Potenza–Metaponto railway and is also a junction of a branch line to Foggia.

Junction (rail)
A junction, in the context of rail transport, is a place at which two or more rail routes converge or diverge. The physical connection between the tracks of the two routes (assuming they are of the same gauge) is provided by turnouts (US: switches) and signalling.
Elf (yacht)
Elf is a racing yacht built in 1888 by George Lawley & Son of South Boston, Massachusetts, for William H. Wilkinson. She was designed by George F. Lawley and is the oldest small yacht in the United States. She is located at the Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum in St. Michaels, MD.Talbot County, Maryland.

She was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 26, 1980.

Talbot County, Maryland
Talbot County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 census, the population was 37,526. Its county seat is Easton. The county was named for Lady Grace Talbot, the wife of Sir Robert Talbot, an Anglo-Irish statesman, and the sister of Lord Baltimore. The county is part of the Mid-Eastern Shore region of the state.

Talbot County comprises the Easton, MD Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Washington–Baltimore–Arlington, DC–MD–VA–WV–PA Combined Statistical Area.

Talbot County is bordered by Queen Anne's County to the north, Caroline County to the east, Dorchester County to the south, and the Chesapeake Bay to the west.
Stary Akbulyak
Stary Akbulyak (Russian: Старый Акбуляк; Bashkir: Иҫке Аҡбүләк, İśke Aqbüläk) is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative centre of Staroakbulyakovsky Selsoviet, Karaidelsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 502 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

Karaidelsky District
Karaidelsky District (Russian: Караиде́льский райо́н; Bashkir: Ҡариҙел районы, Qariźel rayonı; Tatar: Караидел районы, Qaraidel rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion)- one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic and borders with the Askinsky District (in the north), the Duvansky District (to the east), the Nurimanovsky and Blagoveshchensky Districts (in the south), the Mishkinsky District (in the southwest), and with the Baltachevsky District (in the west). The area of the district is 3,786 square kilometers (1,462 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Karaidel. Based on the 2010 Russian Census, the total population of the district is 27,945, with the population of Karaidel accounting for near 21.4% of that number.
Jacques d'Amboise (bishop)
Jacques d'Amboise (between 1440 and 1450 – 27 December 1516) was a French religious dignitary and patron of medieval France. He was abbot of Jumièges then of Cluny, and bishop of Clermont. He was a member of the House of Amboise, an old noble family.

Jumièges Abbey
Jumièges Abbey (Latin: Monasterium Gemeticensis), formally the Abbey of St Peter at Jumièges (French: Abbaye Saint-Pierre de Jumièges), was a Benedictine monastery. Its ruins are situated in the commune of Jumièges in the Seine-Maritime Departement of Normandy, France.
Bishop of Annaghdown
The Bishop of Annaghdown (or Annadown, Enachdune, Eanach Dúin) is an episcopal title which takes its name after the small village of Annaghdown in County Galway, Ireland.

The bishop was originally the ordinary of the diocese of Annaghdown, which was established in the 12th century. The cathedral had a dean, chapter and four vicars choral. Between 1253 and 1306, the bishopric was united to the archbishopric of Tuam, although in this period there were two bishops.

During the Reformation, there were two bishoprics; one of the Church of Ireland and the other of the Roman Catholic Church. They were re-united under Queen Mary I. After 1555, Annaghdown was held by the Archbishops of Tuam. The union of the two was finally decreed on 17 October 1580.

In 1970, the Roman Catholic Church revived the title as the Titular Bishop of Eanach Dúin. It is currently held by Bishop Octavio Cisneros, Auxiliary Bishop of Brooklyn, New York, who was appointed on 6 June 2006.

Diocese of Brooklyn
The Diocese of Brooklyn (Latin: Diœcesis Bruklyniensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in the state of New York. It is headquartered in Brooklyn and its territory encompasses the New York City boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens. Brooklyn is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of New York. The diocesan cathedral is the Cathedral Basilica of St. James in Downtown Brooklyn and its co-cathedral is the Co-Cathedral of St. Joseph in Prospect Heights. Brooklyn is one of the few dioceses in the United States that is made up of 100% urban territory. The bishop is Robert J. Brennan.
Permineralization
Permineralization is a process of fossilization of bones and tissues in which mineral deposits form internal casts of organisms. Carried by water, these minerals fill the spaces within organic tissue. Because of the nature of the casts, permineralization is particularly useful in studies of the internal structures of organisms, usually of plants.

Casting
Casting is a manufacturing process in which a liquid material is usually poured into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, and then allowed to solidify. The solidified part is also known as a casting, which is ejected or broken out of the mold to complete the process. Casting materials are usually metals or various time setting materials that cure after mixing two or more components together; examples are epoxy, concrete, plaster and clay. Casting is most often used for making complex shapes that would be otherwise difficult or uneconomical to make by other methods. Heavy equipment like machine tool beds, ships' propellers, etc. can be cast easily in the required size, rather than fabricating by joining several small pieces. Casting is a 7,000-year-old process. The oldest surviving casting is a copper frog from 3200 BC.
Ouachita pebblesnail
The Ouachita pebblesnail, scientific name †Somatogyrus amnicoloides, was a species of small freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Hydrobiidae.

The species was endemic to the United States. Its natural habitat was rivers, and it was named after the Ouachita River. The species is now extinct.

Ouachita River
The Ouachita River (/ˈwɑːʃɪtɑː/ WAH-shi-tah) is a 605-mile-long (974 km) river that runs south and east through the U.S. states of Arkansas and Louisiana, joining the Tensas River to form the Black River near Jonesville, Louisiana. It is the 25th-longest river in the United States (by main stem).
Mera Rakshak
Mera Rakshak (transl. My protector) is a 1978 Indian Hindi-language film directed by R. Thyagarajan. Mithun Chakraborty, Rameshwari, Rakesh Pandey and Gayatri play key roles in this film along with a goat who acts as the "Rakshak" (bodyguard) in the film. It was made by C. Dandhayutpani, who firstly gave Haathi Mere Saathi to Rajesh Khanna and Tanuja, followed by Jaanwar Aur Insaan to Shashi Kapoor and Rakhee Gulzar, Do Aur Do Paanch to Shashi Kapoor, Amitabh Bachchan, Hema Malini and Parveen Babi and Shubh Din to a newcomer, Rajesh Lahar. The film was a remake of the Tamil movie Aattukara Alamelu. The film was a first major commercial box office success for the then struggling actor Mithun Chakraborty who would go on to become a legendary superstar in the Hindi Film Industry for the next 2 decades (Especially in 1980s and 1990s).

Do Aur Do Paanch
Do Aur Do Paanch (transl. Two and two make five) is a 1980 Indian Hindi-language action comedy film produced by Devar Films and directed by Rakesh Kumar. The film stars Shashi Kapoor, Amitabh Bachchan, Hema Malini and Parveen Babi.

In the film, two burglars are hired as teachers in a school. Their purpose is to kidnap a specific student to further the schemes of their respective bosses. They lose interest in the scheme as they develop genuine affection for the boy, and while they pursue romantic relationships with two female co-workers.
Gastrocopta moravica
Gastrocopta moravica is a fossil species of very small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Gastrocoptidae.

This species is known from the Upper Pliocene to the Early Pleistocene. Gastrocopta moravica (together with Gastrocopta serotina) is chronostratigraphically significant as an index fossil for the Late Tiglian (= Gelasian, within the Early Pleistocene).

Gelasian
The Gelasian is an age in the international geologic timescale or a stage in chronostratigraphy, being the earliest or lowest subdivision of the Quaternary Period/System and Pleistocene Epoch/Series. It spans from 2.58–1.80 million years ago, following the Piacenzian Age (from the Pliocene Epoch) and preceding the Calabrian Age.
Big Brother (Finnish TV series) season 10
The tenth season of Big Brother Suomi premiered on 24 August 2014 and was screened on Sub. Mari Sainio continued as the main host for the program, known as Big Brother Talk Show, while Sauli Koskinen hosted the companion show Big Brother Extra. The previous season saw celebrities as contestants while this edition reverted to casting civilians as contestants. The contestants, also known as Housemates, lived inside the Big Brother House with the goal to be the last housemate and win €100,000. The program concluded on 14 November 2014 where Andte Gaup-Juuso was crowned the winner with 65.39% of the public vote to win. Big Brother Suomi went on a five-year hiatus after the conclusion of this season before being revived for an eleventh season that premiered on 1 September 2019 on Jim and Nelonen.

Big Brother (Finnish TV series)
Big Brother Suomi (formerly Big Brother) is the Finnish version of the reality television franchise Big Brother. The Finnish adaptation was broadcast on Sub (formerly SubTV) in Finland from 2005 to 2014.

The series premiered on Sub on 28 August 2005, and the tenth season concluded on 14 November 2014. Since season 7, the series has been produced by Endemol Finland Oy; the previous seasons were produced by Metronome Film & Television Oy. The season winner wins €50,000. In the tenth season, the winner wins €100,000.

On 5 March 2013, Sub announced that the ninth season would air in the fall of 2013 and would be the first season to feature celebrities as contestants. The ninth season was shorter than the previous season and featured only one host.

On 10 January 2019, Nelonen announced the show would be returned in fall 2019 on Jim, and the series' name was changed to Big Brother Suomi.
Yervand Sukiasyan
Yervand Garsevanovich Sukiasyan (Armenian: Երվանդ Սուքիասյան, born on 20 January 1967) is an Armenian former professional footballer who played as a defender. He earned 35 caps for the Armenia national team between 1994 and 2001. Sukiasyan finished his playing career with Kerkyra F.C. in the Greek Gamma Ethniki.

Armenia national football team
The Armenia national football team (Armenian: Հայաստանի ֆուտբոլի ազգային հավաքական) represents Armenia in men's international football, and is controlled by the Football Federation of Armenia, the governing body for football in Armenia.

After gaining independence from the Soviet Union, the team played its first international match on 12 October 1992. The national team has participated in the qualification of every major tournament from the UEFA Euro 1996 onwards, though they are yet to qualify for the final stages of either a UEFA European Football Championship or a FIFA World Cup. The team's main achievements have been third-place finish in the UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying stage, and being promoted to the 2022–23 UEFA Nations League B.

The primary training ground is at the Technical Center-Academy of the Football Federation of Armenia in the northern Avan District of the capital Yerevan, and the team plays their home matches at the Republican Stadium.
Quiz Kids (game show)
Bay Area Quiz Kids is an academic quiz public-access television show for San Francisco Bay Area high schools. From the start in 1999 it has been hosted by Brad Friedman, the Drama Director at San Mateo High School.

Originally developed as Peninsula Quiz Kids by Bob Marks and Liz La Porte of Peninsula TV Cable 26 (Pen-TV) in 1999, the show began airing on KRON-4 in San Francisco as Bay Area Quiz Kids. The show is now a production of TV Game Brains, headed by Executive Producer Marc Balcer.

Throughout its run, the show has been sponsored by the San Mateo Credit Union.  Other sponsors have included Kaiser Permanente, SamTrans, the San Francisco Chronicle, AT&T, Oracle, Fisher Investments, and Wells Fargo Bank.

San Mateo High School
San Mateo High School is a National Blue Ribbon comprehensive four-year public high school in San Mateo, California, United States. It serves grades 9–12 and is one of the seven San Mateo Union High School District public high schools.
Jūkyūsai no Chizu
Jūkyūsai no Chizu (十九歳の地図) (English: A 19-Year-Old's Map) is a 1979 coming-of-age Japanese film written and directed by Mitsuo Yanagimachi. It is the director's first feature fiction film. It is based on the Kenji Nakagami novel of the same name. The lead actor, Yūji Honma, made his fiction debut here after appearing in Yanagimachi's documentary from 1978. The film depicts an introverted and embittered young man in the process of becoming an adult and discovering the loneliness of life and the failings of human beings. It was voted the 7th best Japanese film of the year by Kinema Junpo.

Coming-of-age story
In genre studies, a coming-of-age story is a genre of literature, theatre, film, and video game that focuses on the growth of a protagonist from childhood to adulthood, or "coming of age". Coming-of-age stories tend to emphasize dialogue or internal monologue over action and are often set in the past. The subjects of coming-of-age stories are typically teenagers. The Bildungsroman is a specific subgenre of coming-of-age story.

The plot points of coming-of-age stories are usually emotional changes within the character(s) in question.