hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ursula Goltz
Ursula Goltz was a German computer scientist, professor emerita at the Technical University of Braunschweig, formerly affiliated with the Institute for Programming and Reactive Systems there, and former coordinator of a German Research Foundation program on long-lasting software systems. Her research concerns the theory of concurrent computing, including the use of Petri nets to model concurrent systems.
Goltz earned her Ph.D. at RWTH Aachen University in 1988, with the dissertation, Über die Darstellung von CCS-Programmen durch Petrinetze.

In the theory of concurrent systems, she is known for introducing the concept of action refinement, an analogue of Niklaus Wirth's concept of stepwise refinement in the development of software systems, together with Rob van Glabbeek. She is also one of the developers of Arden2ByteCode, a compiler for the Arden syntax for representing medical knowledge.

Ursula Goltz died on 30 October 2024.

Niklaus Wirth
Niklaus Emil Wirth (IPA: /vɛrt/) (15 February 1934 – 1 January 2024) was a Swiss computer scientist. He designed several programming languages, including Pascal, and pioneered several classic topics in software engineering. In 1984, he won the Turing Award, generally recognized as the highest distinction in computer science, "for developing a sequence of innovative computer languages".
Beale's Crossing
Beale's Crossing was a river crossing on the Colorado River, near the head of the Mohave Valley, between New Mexico Territory (now Arizona) and California along the 35th Parallel route of Beale's Wagon Road. It was at what became the site of Fort Mohave in what is now Fort Mohave, Arizona, west of Beaver Lake, Nevada. It was named for Edward Fitzgerald Beale, who lead the expedition that built what came to be called Beale's Wagon Road from Albuquerque, New Mexico to Beale's Crossing in California, then by way of the Mohave Trail/Old Spanish Trail, and another old route west from the Mojave River to Fort Tejon, California.

Mojave River
The Mojave River is an intermittent river in the eastern San Bernardino Mountains and the Mojave Desert in San Bernardino County, California, United States. Most of its flow is underground, while its surface channels remain dry most of the time, except for the headwaters and several bedrock gorges in the lower reaches.
Me and a Monkey on the Moon
Me and a Monkey on the Moon is the tenth and final album by English alternative rock band Felt, released in 1989. It was originally issued on Mike Alway's él label, part of Cherry Red. In a review for Sounds, Roy Wilkinson described it as "perhaps their finest album yet."

Él Records
él is an English independent record label based in London that was founded by Mike Alway, later becoming a subsidiary of Cherry Red Records. Their musicians were characterized by a strong English sensibility, as well as the French influence stemming from in-house writer/producer Louis Philippe. During their original run, él received much interest from the press, but not a huge number of sales, except in Japan, where the label became an enormous influence on J-pop acts like Cornelius and Pizzicato Five. The label closed in 1989. In 2005, it was revived as a reissue label.
Cushing Peak
Cushing Peak (64°6′S 62°25′W﻿ / ﻿64.100°S 62.417°W﻿ / -64.100; -62.417) is a peak in the north part of Stribog Mountains, standing 1.5 nautical miles (3 km) southeast of Guyou Bay on Brabant Island in the Palmer Archipelago. It surmounts the head of Lister Glacier to the east and Oshane Glacier to the west.

The peak was shown on an Argentine government chart in 1953, but not named. Photographed by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd in 1956–57, and mapped from these photos in 1959, it was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Harvey Cushing, an American pioneer of neurosurgery.

Guyou Bay
Guyou Bay (64°5′S 62°35′W﻿ / ﻿64.083°S 62.583°W﻿ / -64.083; -62.583) is a bay 4 nautical miles (7 km) wide, which indents the west coast of Brabant Island between Claude Point and Metchnikoff Point, in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. Its head is fed by Dodelen, Oshane and Ralitsa Glaciers.

The bay was discovered by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903–05, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, who named it for Captain Emile Guyou of the French Navy, distinguished in the field of naval science and a member of the commission which published the scientific results of the expedition.
EMD G8
The EMD G8 is a model of diesel–electric locomotive of which 382 were built between 1954 and 1965 for both export and domestic use. They were built by both Electro-Motive Division in the United States and by General Motors Diesel Division in Canada for use in ten countries, being equipped to operate on several different track gauges.

Track gauge
In rail transport, track gauge is the distance between the two rails of a railway track. All vehicles on a rail network must have wheelsets that are compatible with the track gauge. Since many different track gauges exist worldwide, gauge differences often present a barrier to wider operation on railway networks.

The term derives from the metal bar, or gauge, that is used to ensure the distance between the rails is correct.

Railways also deploy two other gauges to ensure compliance with a required standard. A loading gauge is a two-dimensional profile that encompasses a cross-section of the track, a rail vehicle and a maximum-sized load: all rail vehicles and their loads must be contained in the corresponding envelope. A structure gauge specifies the outline into which structures (bridges, platforms, lineside equipment etc.) must not encroach.
Indian National Trade Union Congress
The Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC) is a national trade union centre in India. Founded on 3 May 1947, it is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation. The INTUC claims a membership of over 30 million.

All India Congress Committee
The All India Congress Committee (AICC) is the presidium or the central decision-making assembly of the Indian National Congress. It is composed of members elected from state-level Pradesh Congress Committees and can have as many as a thousand members. It is the AICC that elects members of the Congress Working Committee and the Congress President, who is also the head of the AICC.

The organisational executives of the AICC are several general-secretaries selected by the Congress President and the members of the Congress Working Committee. AICC is responsible for decision-making and policy formulation for the party at the national level. It also sets the party's agenda and strategies for national and state-level elections.
Griffith Lake
Griffith Lake is a small lake and campsite located in the towns of Peru and Mount Tabor, Vermont, in the Green Mountain National Forest.  The site lies on the Long Trail/Appalachian Trail.  The area is maintained  by the Green Mountain Club and has an on-site caretaker to maintain the tent sites, outhouse, composting toilets, and trails during the peak season.  During that time, there is a $5 charge for the overnight use of the tent platforms and nearby lean-to shelter.  As there are no 'safe' water sources, hikers should be prepared to use a camping-grade water purification system, or to boil their water.

Access to Griffith lake is through a combination walking/snowmobile trail.  Horses, motorized vehicles, and mountain bikes are not permitted on the access trail.

Tent platform
A tent platform is a floor for the purpose of pitching one or more tents upon. Typically, it is a wooden deck near a hiking trail that provides the hikers a clean and even place to sleep. It may also prevent the campers from trampling down the surrounding vegetation. Many campsites have tent platforms.
Mountaineers sometimes build tent platforms in their base camps from materials such as pebble or snow.

There are roofed, suspended, floating, stacked or portable tent platforms. There are tent platforms mounted on top of automobiles, which support roof tents.
Large-sized commercial or military tents do often stand on flooring systems, which are large-sized tent platforms.
Cumbernauld and Kirkintilloch
Cumbernauld and Kirkintilloch is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was created for the 2005 general election, replacing Cumbernauld and Kilsyth and part of Strathkelvin and Bearsden. The seat has been represented since 2024 by Katrina Murray of Scottish Labour.

The constituency covers the north of the North Lanarkshire council area, and small eastern and northern part of the East Dunbartonshire council area. Under the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies the Boundary Commission for Scotland recommended new boundaries for the constituency and for it to be renamed from Cumbernauld, Kilsyth and Kirkintilloch East, despite the fact that the constituency under the new boundaries still contains Kilsyth and only covers the eastern half of Kirkintilloch.

Boundary commissions (United Kingdom)
In the United Kingdom, the boundary commissions are non-departmental public bodies responsible for determining the boundaries of parliamentary constituencies for elections to the House of Commons. There are four boundary commissions: one each for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Each commission comprises four members, three of whom take part in meetings. The speaker of the House of Commons chairs each of the boundary commissions ex officio but does not play any part in the review, and a High Court judge is appointed to each boundary commission as deputy chair.
Gilwa
Gilwa [ˈɡilva] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Prabuty, within Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Kwidzyn County
Kwidzyn County (Polish: powiat kwidzyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kwidzyn, which lies 73 kilometres (45 mi) south of the regional capital Gdańsk. The only other town in the county is Prabuty, lying 18 km (11 mi) east of Kwidzyn.

The county covers an area of 834.64 square kilometres (322.3 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 83,231, out of which the population of Kwidzyn is 38,444, that of Prabuty is 8,695, and the rural population is 36,092.

Kwidzyn County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kwidzyn County is bordered by Tczew County to the west, Sztum County to the north, Iława County to the east, Grudziądz County to the south and Świecie County to the south-west.
Frances Kofod
Frances Mary Kofod is an Australian linguist who works on codifying  and preserving Australian indigenous languages of the Kimberley region. She has worked as a research assistant at the University of New England,  where she earned a Master of Arts in 1978 with a thesis entitled The Miriwung language (East Kimberley): A phonological and morphological study, and at the Mirima Dawang Woorlab-gerring language and Culture Centre in Kununurra.

Kununurra, Western Australia
Kununurra is a town in the far north of Western Australia located at the eastern extremity of the Kimberley approximately 45 kilometres (28 mi) from the border with the Northern Territory. Kununurra was initiated to service the Ord River Irrigation Scheme. It is located on the traditional lands of the Miriwoong, an Aboriginal Australian people.

Kununurra is the largest town in Western Australia north of Broome, with the closest town being Wyndham, 100 kilometres (62 mi) away. Kununurra is 3,040 kilometres (1,889 mi) from Perth via the Great Northern Highway.

The town is situated among the scenic hills and ranges of the far north-east Kimberley region, having an abundance of fresh water, conserved by the Ord River Diversion dam and the main Ord River Dam.

The tropical agriculture crops grown in the Ord River Irrigation Area (ORIA) have changed over the years. Tourism and mining have also become important to the local economy.
Madhesh Province women's cricket team
Madhesh Province women's cricket team (Nepali: मधेस प्रदेश महिला क्रिकेट टोली), (formerly known as Province No. 2 Cricket Team) also known as Team Madhesh, is a Nepali provincial cricket team, based in the Madhesh Province of Nepal. The team plays Twenty20 cricket in the Prime Minister Women's Cup. The team is currently being run under the Madhesh Province Cricket Association. This team is currently being led by Kabita Gautam.

Madhesh Province Cricket Team plays in PM Cup women's national tournament organized by Cricket Association of Nepal. Madhesh Province Women's team qualified for the semifinal for the very first time in the 2023 season. They were unable to make into the final, losing by a huge margin against Sudurpaschim Province women's team.

Madhesh Province
Madhesh Province (Nepali: मधेश प्रदेश, romanized: Madhēś pradēś) is a province of Nepal in the Terai region with an area of 9,661 km2 (3,730 sq mi) covering about 6.5% of the country's total area. It has a population of 6,114,600 as per the 2021 Nepal census, making it Nepal's most densely populated province and the smallest province by area.
It borders Koshi Pradesh to the east and the north, Bagmati Province to the north, and India’s Bihar state to the south and the west.
The border between Chitwan National Park and Parsa National Park acts as the provincial boundary in the west, and the Kosi River forms the provincial border in the east. The province includes eight districts, from Parsa in the west to Saptari in the east.
It is a centre for religious and cultural tourism.
Lagrange's theorem
In mathematics, Lagrange's theorem usually refers to any of the following theorems, attributed to Joseph Louis Lagrange:

Lagrange's theorem (group theory)

Lagrange's theorem (number theory)

Lagrange's four-square theorem, which states that every positive integer can be expressed as the sum of four squares of integers

Mean value theorem in calculus

The Lagrange inversion theorem

The Lagrange reversion theorem

The method of Lagrangian multipliers for mathematical optimization

Mean value theorem
In mathematics, the mean value theorem (or Lagrange's mean value theorem) states, roughly, that for a given planar arc between two endpoints, there is at least one point at which the tangent to the arc is parallel to the secant through its endpoints. It is one of the most important results in real analysis. This theorem is used to prove statements about a function on an interval starting from local hypotheses about derivatives at points of the interval.
Charles Cooke (basketball)
Charles Cooke III (born July 1, 1994) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the Sioux Falls Skyforce of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the James Madison Dukes and Dayton Flyers.

James Madison Dukes men's basketball
The James Madison Dukes men's basketball team is the intercollegiate men's basketball program representing James Madison University in Harrisonburg, Virginia. The school, a member of Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, joined the Sun Belt Conference on July 1, 2022, after having been a member of the Colonial Athletic Association since that league's establishment in 1979. The Dukes are led by head coach Preston Spradlin. The Dukes play their home games at the on-campus Atlantic Union Bank Center which seats 8,500 fans and opened in November 2020. The Dukes have appeared six times in the NCAA tournament, most recently in 2024.
Molodo
Molodo is a village and seat of the commune of Kala Siguida in the Cercle of Niono in the Ségou Region of southern-central Mali. The village was created in 1945 to accommodate labourers working for the Office du Niger irrigation scheme. It lies only 4 km from Niono on opposite side of the Fala de Molodo.

Ségou Region
Ségou Region (Bambara: ߛߋߓߎ ߘߌߣߋߖߊ tr. Segu Dineja) is an administrative region in Mali, situated in the centre of the country with an area of 64,821 km2 (25,028 sq mi), around 5% of Mali. The region is bordered by Sikasso Region on the south, Tombouctou and Mopti on the east, Burkina Faso to the southeast and the Koulikoro Region to the west. In 2009 it had 2,336,255 inhabitants, making it the second most populous region of Mali. Its administrative capital is the town of Ségou.
Sven-Axel Carlsson
Sven-Axel Carlsson (11 September 1932 – 29 October 1971) was a Swedish actor. He began his screen career as a child actor in the 1940s. Many of his final film performances came in the Åsa-Nisse series.

Åsa-Nisse
Åsa-Nisse is a Swedish literary character created by Stig Cederholm. The character first appeared in the weekly magazine Tidsfördrif in 1944, and later in a series of 20 films, produced between 1949 and 1969. In 1960 it also became a comic series, which is still produced and published periodically in its own magazine.  A new Åsa-Nisse film was released in 2011.
Francesco Ventriglia
Francesco Ventriglia (born 9 June 1978) is an Italian ballet dancer, choreographer and artistic director.  He is currently the Artistic Director of Alberta Ballet. In 2010 he was appointed as Europe's youngest artistic director by the Florence Opera House at the age of 32, where he held the role as artistic director and principal choreographer for Maggio Danza until 2013. In 2014, he was named the artistic director of the Royal New Zealand Ballet until June 2017, and from January 2018, as adjunct artistic director of the National Ballet of Uruguay, Ballet Nacional Sodre alongside Igor Yebra. Ventriglia is also a choreographer of classical and contemporary ballet, having works performed internationally by companies such as the La Scala Ballet, Arena di Verona, Bolshoi Theatre, the Mariinsky Ballet, Grande Theatre du Geneve, Royal New Zealand Ballet, Ballet Nacional Sodre and at the Venice Biannale.

National Ballet of Uruguay
The National Ballet of Uruguay is a Uruguayan ballet company that was founded in 1935 in Montevideo. It is the public body in charge of developing the professional classical ballet in Uruguay, it is under the administration of the Official Service of Broadcasting, Television and Entertainment (SODRE).
Islam in Madagascar
Islam in Madagascar is a minority religion, with most Malagasy people adhering to Christianity. Due to the secular nature of Madagascar's constitution, Muslims are free to proselytize and build mosques in the country.

Islam has been well established in what is now known as Madagascar for centuries and today Muslims represent 2 to 5 percent of the total population. The vast majority of Muslims in Madagascar practice Sunni Islam of the Shafi school of jurisprudence, with sizeable Shia communities.

Antanosy people
The Antanosy ("people of the island") is a Malagasy ethnic group who primarily live in the Anosy region of southeastern Madagascar, though there are also Antanosy living near Bezaha, where some of the Antanosy moved after the Merina people conquered Anosy. An estimated 360,000 people identify as Antanosy as of 2013.
Skály (Strakonice District)
Skály is a municipality and village in Strakonice District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 80 inhabitants.

Skály lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) south-east of Strakonice, 42 km (26 mi) north-west of České Budějovice, and 106 km (66 mi) south of Prague.

Strakonice
Strakonice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈstrakoɲɪtsɛ]; German: Strakonitz) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 22,000 inhabitants and is located at the confluence of the Volyňka and Otava rivers.

The town's feudal history is closely linked to the Knights Hospitaller. The main landmark of the town is the Strakonice Castle, protected as a national cultural monument. The town has seen rapid industrialisation and urbanisation in the 19th and 20th centuries leading to the loss of many historical buildings and contributing to its modernist appearance. Strakonice is a regional industrial centre, historically known for its engineering and textile industries. It hosts the biennial International Bagpipe Festival.
Al Haouafate
Al Haouafate is a small town and rural commune in Sidi Kacem Province of the Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 17,119 people living in 2627 households. The mayor is Abdenabi El Aidoudi.

Sidi Kacem Province
Sidi Kacem (Arabic: سيدي قاسم) is a province in the Moroccan economic region of Rabat-Salé-Kénitra. The capital is Sidi Kacem. The population of the province in 2004 was  489,422 and it recorded a population of 522,270 in the 2014 Moroccan census.

The major cities and towns are:

Ain Dorij

Dar Gueddari

Had Kourt

Jorf El Melha

Khenichet

Mechra Bel Ksiri

Sidi Kacem

Zirara
Wilkos
Wilkos is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Katarzyna Wilkos (born 1993), Polish cyclist

Rachelle Wilkos (born 1971), American television producer

Steve Wilkos (born 1964), American television personality

Steve Wilkos
Steven John Wilkos (/ˈwɪlkoʊs/; born March 9, 1964) is an American television personality and former law enforcement officer with the Chicago Police Department. He has been hosting The Steve Wilkos Show since 2007, and was director of security on Jerry Springer from 1994 to 2007. He had previously substituted for Springer as host on several occasions before being given his own talk show.
John Miller (Cornish artist)
John Miller (1931–2002) was an English artist born in London who became famous for his idyllic representation of beach scenes in his home county of Cornwall. Most of his paintings were of the West Penwith peninsula and Tresco in the Isles of Scilly.

Penwith
Penwith (/ˌpɛnˈwɪθ/; Cornish: Pennwydh) is an area of Cornwall, England, located on the peninsula of the same name. It is also the name of a former local government district, whose council was based in Penzance. The area is named after one of the ancient administrative hundreds of Cornwall which derives from two Cornish words, penn meaning 'headland' and wydh meaning 'at the end'.

Natural England have designated the peninsula as national character area 156 and named it West Penwith. It is also known as the Land's End Peninsula.
2004 NCAA Division III baseball tournament
The 2004 NCAA Division III baseball tournament was played at the end of the 2004 NCAA Division III baseball season to determine the 29th national champion of college baseball at the NCAA Division III level.  The tournament concluded with eight teams competing at Fox Cities Stadium in Grand Chute, Wisconsin for the championship.  Eight regional tournaments were held to determine the participants in the World Series. Regional tournaments were contested in double-elimination format, five four regions consisting of six teams and three regions consisting of four teams, for a total of 42 teams participating in the tournament. The tournament champion was George Fox, who defeated Eastern Connecticut State for the championship.

George Fox University
George Fox University is a private Christian university in Newberg, Oregon, United States. Founded as a school for Quakers in 1891, it is now the largest private university in Oregon with more than 4,000 students combined between its main campus in Newberg, its centers in Portland and Redmond, and online. The 108-acre (44 ha) main campus is near downtown Newberg, near the junction of Oregon Route 99W and Oregon Route 219. George Fox competes athletically at the NCAA Division III level in the Northwest Conference as the Bruins. The school colors are navy blue and old gold. The university is associated with the Evangelical Friends Church International and is a member of the Wesleyan Holiness Connection.