hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tommy Hadden
Thomas Hadden (fl. 1840 – 1881) was an American saloon keeper, criminal and underworld figure in New York City's infamous Fourth Ward during the mid-to late 19th century. He was the owner of a Cherry Street dive bar, a popular underworld hangout located next to Dan Kerrigan's place, and co-led the Dead Rabbits with Kit Burns. For over 25 years, his Water Street boarding house was one of the most notorious "crimp houses" on the New York waterfront as thousands of sailors were shanghaied, robbed or murdered. Hadden, and contemporaries such as Bill Slocum or John Allen, exercised considerable political influence in the city and were generally able to receive protection from city officials throughout their criminal careers.

New York Harbor
New York Harbor is a bay that covers all of the Upper Bay. It is at the mouth of the Hudson River near the East River tidal estuary on the East Coast of the United States.

New York Harbor is generally synonymous with  Upper New York Bay, which is enclosed by the New York City boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Staten Island and the Hudson County, New Jersey, municipalities of Jersey City and Bayonne, although in colloquial usage it can sometimes expand to cover Upper and Lower New York Bay. New York Harbor is one of the largest natural harbors in the world.
Ernest Boyd MacNaughton
Ernest Boyd MacNaughton (October 22, 1880 – August 24, 1960) was president of the First National Bank of Oregon (1932 – 1947), then chairman (1947 – 1960), president of The Oregonian publishing company (1947 – 1950), and president of Reed College (1948 – 1952). He is the namesake of the ACLU E.B. MacNaughton Civil Liberties Award.

First Interstate Bancorp
First Interstate Bancorp was a bank holding company based in the United States. Headquartered in Los Angeles, it was the nation's eighth largest banking company.

Although First Interstate Bancorp was taken over by Wells Fargo in 1996, the name (along with the company logo) has continued to be used in the banking world by First Interstate BancSystem, who has been using the name under a franchise agreement since 1984.
Necropolis de San Carlos Borromeo
Necropolis de San Carlos Borromeo also known as Cementerio de San Carlos or San Carlos Cemetery is located in Matanzas, Cuba. It was inaugurated on September 2, 1872 on 13.5 hectares.  It is the third most important Cemetery of Cuba in terms of patrimonial value, as much for its architecture, as for the personalities interred. Its main architect was Francisco Sosa Vélez, who used Carrara marble, bronze and cast iron for the construction.

The San Carlos Cemetery came to solve the problem Matanzas had with the big number of cemeteries in the area, a figure higher than that of any other Cuban location.

The octagonal Chapel contains the remains of the martyrs of different wars of independence.  Its catacombs, currently the only ones active on the island, contain 756 niches in two underground pantheons and an exclusive system of ventilation against atmospheric pollution, similar to the Tobias Gallery, in the Colon Cemetery, Havana, in Havana.

Cuban War of Independence
The Cuban War of Independence, fought from 1895 to 1898, was the last of three liberation wars that Cuba fought against Spain, the other two being the Ten Years' War (1868–1878) and the Little War (1879–1880). During the war, Spain sent 220,285 soldiers to Cuba—according to the Library of Congress, the largest army to cross the Atlantic until World War II. The final three months of the conflict escalated to become the Spanish–American War, with United States forces being deployed in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines against Spain. Historians disagree as to the extent that United States officials were motivated to intervene for humanitarian reasons but agree that yellow journalism exaggerated atrocities attributed to Spanish forces against Cuban civilians.
Jakub Jiroutek
Jakub Jiroutek (born 1977) is a retired Czech ski jumper.

He made his World Cup debut in January 1994 in Liberec, also collecting his first World Cup points with a 26th place. Thriving in sky flying hills, he improved to 18th in February 1996 in Kulm and 5th in March 1998 in Vikersund. Jiroutek finished 21st at the 1996 Ski Flying World Championships, 33rd at the 2000 Ski Flying World Championships and 27th at the 2002 Ski Flying World Championships, as well as 50th–51st at the 1999 World Championships.

His last individual World Cup outing was a 27th place in January 2002 in Sapporo, and his last overall World Cup outing the team event in March 2002 in Planica. He competed on the Continental Cup from 2001 to 2003 and managed one podium here, a third place in February 2002 in Braunlage.

He represented the club Dukla Liberec.

FIS Ski Flying World Championships 1996
The FIS Ski Flying World Ski Championships 1996 took place on 11 February 1996 in Bad Mitterndorf, Austria for the third time. Bad Mitterndorf hosted the championships previously in 1975 and 1986. At these championships, the number of jumps expanded from two to four.
St Peter and Paul's Old Cathedral
St Peter and Paul's Old Cathedral is a heritage-listed former Catholic cathedral and now parish church at 42 Verner Street, Goulburn, Goulburn Mulwaree Council, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Andrea Stombuco and Charles Spadacini and built from 1871 to 1890 by C. J. O'Brien and Wilkie Bros. It is also known as St. Peter and Paul's Former Cathedral and St Peter and Paul's Catholic Cathedral; Saints Peter and Paul's Catholic Cathedral. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 20 April 2009.

Goulburn Mulwaree Council
Goulburn Mulwaree Council is a local government area located in the Southern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia. The area is located adjacent to the Hume Highway and the Southern Highlands railway line. The estimated resident population of the area stood at 32,053 on 2021 census.

The mayor of Goulburn Mulwaree Council is Nina Dillon.
Joseph and His Brethren (play)
Joseph and His Brethren is a 1906 play by British writer Louis N. Parker that was not produced until 1913. This biblical pageant has four acts, each with its own subtitle, comprising thirteen scenes and eleven settings, with a very large cast. The story is taken from the Book of Genesis.

The play was first produced by Liebler & Company and staged by the author and Frederick Stanhope, with sets by Gates & Morange and incidental music by Arthur Farwell. It starred Brandon Tynan, with Pauline Frederick, Howard Kyle, and James O'Neill. It had its Broadway première in January 1913, running through April 1913 for 124 performances.

Brandon Tynan
Brandon Tynan (born James William Tynan; April 11, 1875 – March 19, 1967) was an Irish-born American stage and screen actor. In his early stage career he appeared with Alla Nazimova on Broadway in her early years after migrating from Russia. He may have been briefly romantically involved with her. He was married to Caroline Whyte, a daughter of Isadore Rush, who died in 1918 and later to actress Lily Cahill.

Born in Dublin, Tynan appeared in films beginning in 1923 in silents. His last film appearance was in 1941. During his tenure in films he continued to appear in plays until 1936.

Tynan acted on stage in a production of the Ziegfeld Follies, impersonating David Belasco. He also wrote seven plays that were produced. His Broadway debut came in El Gran Galeoto (1899), and he concluded his Broadway work with Three Wise Fools (1936).

Tynan died at the Lynwood Nursing Home in New York on March 19, 1967, aged 91.
Gavin Flood
Gavin Dennis Flood (born 1954) is a British scholar of comparative religion  specialising in Shaivism and  phenomenology, but with research interests that span South Asian traditions.
From October 2005 through December 2015, he served in the Faculty of Theology University of Oxford and as the Academic Director of the Oxford Centre for Hindu Studies which is a Recognised Independent Centre of the University of Oxford. In 2008, Flood was granted the title of professor of Hindu studies and comparative religion from the University of Oxford. In 2014, he was elected a Fellow of the British Academy. In 2016, Flood became the inaugural Yap Kim Hao Professor of Comparative Religious Studies at Yale-NUS College in Singapore. He is a senior research fellow at Campion Hall, University of Oxford.

Yale–NUS College
Yale–NUS College was a liberal arts college from April 2011 to June 2025 in Singapore. It was established in 2011 by the National University of Singapore (NUS) and Yale University. Following a unilateral decision by NUS  in 2021 to close Yale-NUS College and establish NUS College in its place, no further admissions were accepted after 2021, and the College was fully closed in 2025.
November 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
November 11 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - November 13

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on November 25 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For November 12th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on October 30.

Nilus of Sinai
Saint Nilus the Elder of Sinai (Greek: Νείλος; also known as Neilos, Nilus of Sinai, Nilus of Ancyra, Nil Postnik ("the Faster"); born 4th century; died 12 November 430 or 451) was one of the many disciples and stalwart defenders of St. John Chrysostom.
Boltzmann relation
In a plasma, the Boltzmann relation describes the number density of an isothermal charged particle fluid when the thermal and the electrostatic forces acting on the fluid have reached equilibrium.

In many situations, the electron density of a plasma is assumed to behave according to the Boltzmann relation, due to their small mass and high mobility.

Charged particle
In physics, a charged particle is a particle with an electric charge. For example, some elementary particles, like the electron or quarks are charged. Some composite particles like protons are charged particles.  An ion, such as a molecule or atom with a surplus or deficit of electrons relative to protons are also charged particles.

A plasma is a collection of charged particles, atomic nuclei and separated electrons, but can also be a gas containing a significant proportion of charged particles.

Charged particles are labeled as either  positive (+) or negative (-). The designations are arbitrary. Nothing is inherent to a positively charged particle that makes it "positive", and the same goes for negatively charged particles.
Suntan City
"Suntan City" is a song written by Luke Bryan and The Peach Pickers (Rhett Akins, Dallas Davidson, and Ben Hayslip) and originally recorded by Bryan for his similarly titled fifth extended play, Spring Break 4...Suntan City (2012). It reached number 43 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart in 2013 following the release of the compilation album, Spring Break...Here to Party, which comprises all of the tracks from Bryan's previous four Spring Break-themed EPs. Bryan has included the song on the setlists for multiple concert tours.

In 2013, the song was covered by Canadian country rock artist Aaron Pritchett and released to Canadian country radio in May 2013 as the lead single from his 2015 greatest hits album, Body of Work: A Collection of Hits. Pritchett's cover reached number 18 on the Billboard Canada Country chart.

Spring Break...Here to Party
Spring Break…Here to Party is a compilation album by American country music artist Luke Bryan. It was released on March 5, 2013, by Capitol Nashville. The album is a compilation of songs from Bryan's first four spring break-themed EPs, plus two new songs, "Buzzkill" and "Just a Sip." A music video was filmed for "Buzzkill" though it was never released as a single.
Matt Drudge
Matthew Nathan Drudge (born October 27, 1966) is an American journalist and the creator/editor of the Drudge Report, an American news aggregator. Drudge is also an author and a former radio and television show host.

News aggregator
In computing, a news aggregator, also termed a feed aggregator, content aggregator, feed reader, news reader, or simply an aggregator, is client software or a web application that aggregates digital content such as online newspapers, blogs, podcasts, and video blogs (vlogs) in one location for easy viewing. The updates distributed may include journal tables of contents, podcasts, videos, and news items.

Contemporary news aggregators include Akregator, Feedly, Inoreader, and Mozilla Thunderbird.
Amanda (2018 film)
Amanda is a 2018 French drama film directed by Mikhaël Hers, co-written by Hers and Maud Ameline, and starring Vincent Lacoste, Stacy Martin and Isaure Multrier. It follows David, a young man trying to cope with the emotional distress of losing his sister after a terrorist attack, while also having to care for his now-orphaned young niece (Amanda).

The film had its world premiere in the Horizons section of the 75th Venice International Film Festival on 31 August 2018. It was theatrically released in France on 21 November 2018 by Pyramide Distribution.

Orizzonti
Orizzonti (lit. 'Horizons') is a section of the Venice Film Festival's official selection. Inspired by Cannes sidebar Un Certain Regard, it features a competition of upcoming filmmakers, usually first or second works, with focus on global independent cinema.

Among the now well established filmmakers who have been part of section are: Luca Guadagnino, Josh Safdie and Ben Safdie, Hong Sang-soo, Karim Aïnouz, Frederick Wiseman, Catherine Breillat, Mohsen Makhmalbaf, Quentin Dupieux, Lav Diaz, Wang Bing, Robin Campillo, Jia Zhangke, Gianfranco Rosi, Franco Maresco, Brady Corbet, Pietro Marcello, Kaouther Ben Hania, Saeed Roustayi, Rodrigo Sorogoyen, Oliver Hermanus, Andrea Pallaoro, Gia Coppola, Ti West, Haifaa al-Mansour and Paul Morrissey.

The section usually features awards for Best Film, Best Director, Best Screenplay, Jury Prizes and acting prizes. Alongside the Best Short Film prize for the parallel Orizzonti Short Films Competition.
For Washington
For Washington is a 1911 American silent short historical fiction drama film produced by the Thanhouser Company. The film is a fictional account of how a patriotic maid's home is taken over by Hessian officers in the American Revolutionary War. She hides her hatred of them and plies them with drink before delivering a message to George Washington. She leads them in crossing of the Delaware River and the historic capture. The film's crossing scene was inspired by Emmanuel Leutze's 1851 painting Washington Crossing the Delaware. The film was praised by critics, but the notion that the film was purely a historical fiction was lost on some. The film is presumed lost.

Thanhouser Company
The Thanhouser Company (later the Thanhouser Film Corporation) was one of the first motion picture studios, founded in 1909 by Edwin Thanhouser, his wife Gertrude and his brother-in-law Lloyd Lonergan. It operated in New York City until 1920, producing over a thousand films.
Kill Switch...Klick
Kill Switch...Klick, also known as KsK and Kill Switch (the original) is the name of an American industrial rock band. The band is best known for its releases on Cleopatra Records and Go-Kustom Rekords. KsK was formed in 1991 by D.A. Sebasstian (born Devin Edward Chastain on February 27, 1964), a writer, film maker, musician and artist who had relocated from San Bernardino, California, to Seattle, Washington, late in 1989 where he currently resides.

Gene Loves Jezebel
Gene Loves Jezebel are a British rock band formed in the early 1980s by twin brothers Michael Aston and Jay Aston. Initially associated with gothic rock and post-punk, their 1983 debut album Promise reached no.8 on the UK Indie Chart. The band's popularity peaked a few years later with their 1986 album Discover reaching the top 40 on the UK Albums Chart and five singles entering the UK Singles Chart in 1986-1987, including "Heartache", "Desire (Come and Get It)" and "The Motion of Love", and also gaining success in the US. The Aston brothers later parted ways and formed two different band versions of Gene Loves Jezebel.
Joseph Binette
Joseph Binette (May 1, 1861 – January 19, 1950) was an Ontario farmer, businessman and political figure. He represented Prescott in the House of Commons of Canada as a Liberal member from 1922 to 1925.

He was born in St. Eugene, Canada West in 1861, the son of Joseph Binette and Flavie Bissonnette. He married Palmyre Lavigne in 1887. He operated a farm and was a hay and grain dealer at Sainte-Anne-de-Prescott. Binette served on the township council for four years and was reeve for East Hawkesbury Township for 15 years. He was elected as a Progressive in 1921 but joined the Liberal caucus in the House of Commons in 1922.

He died in Sainte-Anne-de-Prescott at the age of 88.

Prescott (federal electoral district)
Prescott was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1953. It was located in the province of Ontario. It was created by the British North America Act 1867, and consisted of the County of Prescott.

The electoral district was abolished in 1952 when it was merged into Glengarry—Prescott riding.
Academy of Fine Arts, Łódź
The Academy of Fine Art in Łódź is a public university in Łódź for artists.
Created in 1945, it was initially one of seven academies of Fine Arts in Poland. The academy was renamed in honor of one of its founders, Władysław Strzemiński, in 1988.

The Academy offers a wide variety of educational fine art programs in fashion design, jewelry design, visual communication, film and digital art, art theory and history, photography, textile arts, as well as several other art-focused degree programs.

The school is located on 121 Wojska Polskiego Street in Łódź. The Academy, headed by its president Professor Grzegorz Chojnacki, employs 63 faculty members to instruct its 1118 students.

Textile arts
Textile arts are arts and crafts that use plant, animal, or synthetic fibers to construct practical or decorative objects.

Textiles have been a fundamental part of human life since the beginning of civilization. The methods and materials used to make them have expanded enormously, while the functions of textiles have remained the same, there are many functions for textiles. Whether it be clothing or something decorative for the house/shelter. The history of textile arts is also the history of international trade.  Tyrian purple dye was an important trade good in the ancient Mediterranean. The Silk Road brought Chinese silk to India, Africa, and Europe, and, conversely, Sogdian silk to China. Tastes for imported luxury fabrics led to sumptuary laws during the Middle Ages and Renaissance.  The Industrial Revolution was shaped largely by innovation in textiles technology: the cotton gin, the spinning jenny, and the power loom mechanized production and led to the Luddite rebellion.
History of rail transport in the Netherlands
The history of rail transport in the Netherlands is generally considered to have begun on September 20, 1839, when the first train, drawn by De Arend, successfully made the 16 km (9.9 mi) trip from Amsterdam to Haarlem. However, the first plan for a railroad in the Netherlands was launched only shortly after the first railroad opened in Britain.

When discussing the history of rail transport in the Netherlands, one can roughly distinguish six eras, namely the period up to 1839, when the first plans were made for a railroad; the period 1840–1860, when the railroads experienced their early expansion; the period 1860–1890, when the government started to order the construction of new lines; the period 1890–1938, when the railroads were consolidated into two large railroads; the period 1938–1992, when the Nederlandse Spoorwegen was granted a monopoly on rail transport; and finally the period from 1992 to the present, when the Nederlandse Spoorwegen lost its monopoly.

Noord-Friesche Locaalspoorweg-Maatschappij
The Noord-Friesche Locaalspoorweg-Maatschappij (North Friesland Railway) was a railway serving the sparsely populated province of Friesland in northern Netherlands. Operated by the North Friesland Local Railway Company (Dutch: Noord-Friesche Locaalspoorweg-Maatschappij (NFLS)), it functioned as a light railway. The line spanned approximately 91 kilometers (57 miles) and was built to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge.
Andrew J. McGonnigle
Andrew Jackson McGonnigle (March 4, 1829 – January 25, 1901) was a Union Army officer during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Battle of Cedar Creek fought near Middletown, Virginia on October 19, 1864. The battle was the decisive engagement of Major General Philip Sheridan's Valley Campaigns of 1864 and was the largest battle fought in the Shenandoah Valley.

McGonnigle was commissioned as a Captain of Volunteers in March 1864, and served as an assistant quartermaster in the Army of the Shenandoah under General Philip Sheridan. He was transferred to the regular army Quartermaster Corps with the same rank in May 1865. He received a promotion to Major in February 1882, and retired from the Army in March 1893.

Army of the Shenandoah (Union)
The Army of the Shenandoah was a field army of the Union Army active during the American Civil War. First organized as the Department of the Shenandoah in 1861 and then disbanded in early 1862, the army became most effective after its recreation on August 1, 1864 under the command of Philip Sheridan. The army's actions during the Valley campaigns of 1864 rendered the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia unable to produce foodstuffs for the Confederate States Army, a condition which would hasten the conclusion of the American Civil War.
A Good Baby
A Good Baby is a 1999 American drama film directed by Katherine Dieckmann, making her directorial debut.  The film was produced by Lianne Halfon, Tom Carouso, Aileen Argentini and Derrick Tseng. The screenplay was written by Dieckmann and Leon Rooke. The film stars Henry Thomas as Raymond Toker, a young loner. Additional cast includes David Strathairn, Cara Seymour, Danny Nelson, Jayne Morgan, Allison Glenn, Jerry Foster, Jerry Rushing, Emilie Jacobs, and Hannah Grady.

Lianne Halfon
Lianne Halfon is an American film and television producer and partner of Mr. Mudd, a production company founded in 1998 with John Malkovich and Russell Smith.

Halfon has produced critically acclaimed and award-winning independent films, including Ghost World, Juno, and The Perks of Being a Wallflower.

Since 2018, Halfon has served as the Head of the Producing Discipline at the AFI Conservatory.
Ryarsh
Ryarsh is a village and civil parish in the local government district of Tonbridge and Malling in Kent, England. It is home to around 1,000 residents. Ryarsh is west of Maidstone and north of West Malling.

Tonbridge and Malling
51°16′59″N 0°21′00″E﻿ / ﻿51.283°N 0.350°E﻿ / 51.283; 0.350

Tonbridge and Malling is a local government district with borough status in Kent, England. The council is based at Kings Hill. The borough also includes the towns of Tonbridge and Snodland along with numerous villages including Aylesford, West Malling and surrounding rural areas.

The neighbouring districts are Maidstone, Tunbridge Wells, Sevenoaks, Gravesham and Medway.
Beckie Middleton
Beckie Middleton (née Herbert) (born 23 June 1986) is an English international field hockey player who played as a forward for England and Great Britain until 2014.

She made her full international debut for England in 2003 and played the last of 104 games for England & GB in 2014.

She currently plays club hockey in the Investec Women's Hockey League Premier Division for Surbiton.

Middleton has also played for AMHC Pinoké Hockey Club in the Netherlands and Leicester.

She is married to former England & Great Britain international Captain, Barry Middleton.

Leicester City Hockey Club
Leicester City Hockey Club is a field hockey club based in Leicester, England, who play their home games at St. Margaret's Pastures. The ladies side has produced a number of international players and is recognised as one of the most successful clubs in England having won six league titles.