hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kalam languages
The Kalam languages are a small family of languages in the Madang subgroup of Papua New Guinea. The languages that make up the family are Kalam, Tai, and Kobon.

They are famous for having perhaps the smallest numbers of lexical verbs of any languages in the world, with somewhere in the range of 100 to 120 verbs in the case of Kobon.

It is as yet unclear whether the Gants language is most closely related to the Kalam languages or is one of the Sogeram languages.

Lexical verb
In linguistics a lexical verb or main verb is a member of an open class of verbs that includes all verbs except auxiliary verbs. Lexical verbs typically express action, state, or other predicate meaning. In contrast, auxiliary verbs express grammatical meaning. The verb phrase of a sentence is generally headed by a lexical verb.

Lexical verbs are categorized into five categories: copular, intransitive, transitive, ditransitive, and ambitransitive.

The descriptor lexical is applied to the words of a language's lexicon, often to indicate a content word, as distinct from a function word.
The Duke of Mount Deer (1984 Hong Kong TV series)
The Duke of Mount Deer (鹿鼎記) is a Hong Kong television series adapted from Louis Cha's novel The Deer and the Cauldron, produced by TVB and starring Andy Lau and Tony Leung. A period martial arts drama, the series was first broadcast in 1984.

The Deer and the Cauldron
The Deer and the Cauldron, also known as The Duke of Mount Deer or The Royal Tramp, is a historical novel by Jin Yong. It is his last and longest novel, originally serialized in the Hong Kong newspaper Ming Pao from 24 October 1969 to 23 September 1972.
1994 United States Shadow Representative election in the District of Columbia
On November 8, 1994, the District of Columbia held a U.S. House of Representatives election for its shadow representative. Unlike its non-voting delegate, the shadow representative is only recognized by the district and is not officially sworn or seated. Two-term incumbent and inaugural office-holder Charles Moreland declined to run for reelection and was succeeded by fellow Democrat John Capozzi.

District of Columbia Democratic State Committee
The District of Columbia Democratic State Committee (DC Dems) is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the District of Columbia.

As of March 31, 2016, Democrats make up 76 percent of the registered voters in the District of Columbia, while 6 percent are registered with the Republican Party (represented by the District of Columbia Republican Committee), 1 percent with the D.C. Statehood Green Party, less than 1 percent with the Libertarian Party (represented by the Libertarian Party of the District of Columbia), and 17 percent with no party or other.
Berkeley Scudamore-Stanhope
Christianity portal

The Ven. and The Hon Berkeley Lionel Scudamore Stanhope MA was Archdeacon of Hereford from 1887 to 1910.

Born at Gaydon in 1824,  he was the third son of Sir Edwyn Francis Scudamore-Stanhope, 2nd Baronet, and was educated at Balliol College, Oxford. A Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, he was Vicar of Bosbury from  1856 to 1866 and Rector  of Byford from  1866 to 1908.

Scudamore-Stanhope died on 21 March 1919.

Bosbury
Bosbury is a village and civil parish in Herefordshire, England, approximately 3.5 miles (5.6 km) north of Ledbury. The small River Leadon flows through the parish, passing along the west side of the village. Bosbury shares a parish council with neighbouring Coddington.
Wicomico Youth and Civic Center
Wicomico Youth and Civic Center is a multi-purpose arena located in Salisbury, Maryland. The main arena contains 30,000 square feet (2,800 m2) of space while the secondary arena contains 10,000 square feet (930 m2).  The main arena can seat 2,500 for banquets, 3,000 for theater concerts and stage shows, 5,000-6,000 for concerts and similar events.  It features a 42-foot (13 m)-high ceiling.  The arena opened in 1980 and replaced an auditorium which had opened in 1950 and had burned down in 1977.

Attached to the arena are ten meeting rooms totaling 9,348 square feet (868 m2) of space.

Until 2016, the Civic Center had a real covenant against serving alcohol.

Banquet
A banquet (/ˈbæŋkwɪt/; French: [bɑ̃kɛ]) is a formal large meal where a number of people consume food together. Banquets are traditionally held to enhance the prestige of a host, or reinforce social bonds among joint contributors. Modern examples of these purposes include a charitable gathering, a ceremony, or a celebration. They often involve speeches in honor of the topic or guest of honour.

The older English term for a lavish meal was feast, and "banquet" originally meant a specific and different kind of meal, often following a feast, but in a different room or even building, which concentrated on sweet foods of various kinds.  These became highly fashionable as sugar became much more common in Europe at the start of the 16th century.  It was a grand form of the dessert course, and special banqueting houses, often on the roof or in the grounds of large houses, were built for them.  Such meals are also called a "sugar collation".
Self-Similarity of Network Data Analysis
In computer networks, self-similarity is a feature of network data transfer dynamics. When modeling network data dynamics the traditional time series models, such as an autoregressive moving average model are not appropriate. This is because these models only provide a finite number of parameters in the model and thus interaction in a finite time window, but the network data usually have a long-range dependent temporal structure. A self-similar process is one way of modeling network data dynamics with such a long range correlation. This article defines and describes network data transfer dynamics in the context of a self-similar process. Properties of the process are shown and methods are given for  graphing and estimating parameters modeling the self-similarity of network data.

Self-similar process
Self-similar processes are stochastic processes satisfying a mathematically precise version of the self-similarity property. Several related properties have this name, and some are defined here.

A self-similar phenomenon behaves the same when viewed at different degrees of magnification, or different scales on a dimension.
Because stochastic processes are random variables with a time and a space component, their self-similarity properties are defined in terms of how a scaling in time relates to a scaling in space.
Zëmblak
Zëmblak is a village in the municipality of Pojan in Korçë county, Albania. Located in south-east Albania, it is within close range of Lake Prespa, which is shared between Albania, North Macedonia, and Greece.

History of Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty
The history of Egypt under the  Muhammad Ali dynasty (1805–1953) spanned the later period of Ottoman Egypt, the Khedivate of Egypt under British occupation, and the nominally independent Sultanate of Egypt and Kingdom of Egypt, ending with the Revolution of 1952 and the formation of the Republic of Egypt.
Warlity Wielkie
Warlity Wielkie [varˈlitɨ ˈvjɛlkʲɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ostróda, within Ostróda County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) north-east of Ostróda and 33 km (21 mi) west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Gmina Ostróda
Gmina Ostróda is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostróda County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostróda, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 401.06 square kilometres (154.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 15,501.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Dylewo Hills Landscape Park.
John Doyle (soccer, born 1966)
John Joseph Doyle (born March 16, 1966) is an American former professional soccer player who played professionally in both Europe and the United States including the Western Soccer League, American Professional Soccer League and Major League Soccer. He was the 1995 A-League Defender of the Year and the 1996 MLS Defender of the Year. He also earned fifty-three caps with the U.S. national team between 1987 and 1994 including two games at the 1990 FIFA World Cup. He was a member of the U.S. team at the 1988 Summer Olympics and was most recently the general manager of the San Jose Earthquakes of Major League Soccer before resigning on August 29, 2016.

American Professional Soccer League
The American Professional Soccer League (APSL) was a professional men's soccer league with teams from the United States and later Canada. It was formed in 1990 by the merger of the third American Soccer League with the Western Soccer League. It was the first outdoor soccer league to feature teams from throughout the United States since the demise of the North American Soccer League in 1984.

The league was sanctioned as Division II in the United States soccer league system but was the country's de facto top professional soccer league until 1995. In 1993, the APSL applied for the vacant Division I role but lost out to Major League Soccer who would begin play in 1996.

For its final two seasons in 1995 and 1996, the APSL changed its name to the A-League. It was subsequently absorbed by the emerging USISL organization with six of seven clubs joining the new USISL A-League in 1997. The USISL (later USL) retained the A-League name until 2004 when it became the USL First Division.
Gullivera
Gullivera or Gulliveriana is a stand-alone erotic graphic novel written and illustrated by comic book creator Milo Manara. It was first published in 1996 by French publisher Les Humanoïdes Associés, and has since been translated into several languages. The comic is a parody of Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels.

Glossary of comics terminology
Comics has developed specialized terminology. Several attempts have been made to formalize and define the terminology of comics by authors such as Will Eisner, Scott McCloud, R. C. Harvey and Dylan Horrocks. Much of the terminology in English is under dispute, so this page will list and describe the most common terms used in comics.
Jahangiri (surname)
Jahangiri is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Babar Saleem Jahangiri Swati, Speaker of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly, Pakistan

Bashir Jahangiri Swati (born 1937), 17th Chief Justice of Pakistan

Eshaq Jahangiri (born 1958), 6th First Vice President of Iran

Khan Khudadad Khan Jahangiri Swati, 1st Health Minister of Pakistan

Marjan Jahangiri (born 1962), British professor of cardiac surgery

Nader Jahangiri (born 1945), Iranian linguist

Reza Jahangiri (born 1978), American businessman

Sultan Awais Jahangiri (born 1490), last king of the Sultanate of Swat

Tariq Mehmood Jahangiri Swati, Pakistani jurist

Sultanate of Swat
The Sultanate of Swat was a medieval Dardic kingdom centred around the city of Manglawar between the 12th and 16th centuries. It was strongest of the several Dardic-speaking states in the region, and encompassed the present-day Malakand, Buner, Panjkora and Swat Valleys.

The kingdom bordered Hazara-i-Karlugh to the east, Peshawar Valley to the south, Bajaur to the west and the Kohistan region to the north. The last notable ruler was Sultan Awes Jahangiri, during whose reign Swat was ultimately conquered between 1510 and 1518 after a series of battles by Yousafza'i Pashtuns under the leadership of Malik Ahmad Baba. This led to the Pashtunization of the Swat and Dir regions along with the migration of Dardic speakers to Swat Kohistan and Dir Kohistan. Some accounts trace the origins of Shah Mir dynasty of Kashmir from these rulers of Swat.
Foley (band)
Foley are a pop music duo from Auckland, New Zealand. The duo is composed of multi-instrumentalists, songwriters and vocalists Ash Wallace and Gabriel Everett. Foley have been nominated for three Aotearoa Music Awards alongside two APRA Silver Scroll Awards. The band has toured with Remi Wolf, and played shows with Tove Lo, Still Woozy, BENEE, Two Door Cinema Club, Flight Facilities.

In 2022 the band signed to Nettwerk Music Group, releasing their debut album Crowd Pleaser in 2023.

In February 2026, they released the EP Like an Actress.

Nettwerk Music Group
Nettwerk Music Group is an independent record label founded in 1984.

The Vancouver-based company was created by principals Terry McBride and Mark Jowett. Initially specializing in electronic music such as alternative dance and industrial, the label expanded its roster to include pop, rock and numerous singer-songwriters. Nettwerk has played an impactful role in many artists' careers, such as Coldplay, Sarah McLachlan, and Barenaked Ladies.

The label was named Billboard's "Indie Power Players" list in 2024 and 2025.
Écoscience
Écoscience is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal originally published by Université Laval (1994–2014), and by Taylor & Francis since 2015. It was founded by Serge Payette, and it covers all aspects of ecology. In 2021 it had an impact factor of 1.344.

Université Laval
Université Laval is a public research university in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. The university traces its roots to the Séminaire de Québec, founded by François de Montmorency-Laval in 1663, making it the oldest institution of higher education in Canada and the first North American institution to offer higher education in French. The university, which was founded in Old Québec, moved to a new campus in the 1950s in the suburban borough of Sainte-Foy–Sillery–Cap-Rouge. It is ranked among the top 10 Canadian universities in research funding and holds four Canada Excellence Research Chairs.
Carex myosuroides
Carex myosuroides (syn. Kobresia myosuroides), the mouse-tail bog sedge, is a species of sedge (family Cyperaceae) with a circumboreal distribution. It is the only known sedge to have ectomycorrhizal associations.

It is a known host to a number of fungi, including Anthracoidea elynae, Arthrinium puccinioides, Cladosporium herbarum, Clathrospora elynae, Lophodermium caricinum, Phaeosphaeria herpotrichoides, Schizonella melanogramma, Septoria punctoidea and possibly to Micropeziza cornea.

Cladosporium herbarum
Cladosporium herbarum is a common fungus found worldwide in organic and inorganic matter. It is efficiently distributed in the air, where it exists as the most frequently occurring fungal species. It can grow over a wide range of temperatures including very cold environments, giving it the ability to grow on refrigerated meat and form "black spots". Its high prevalence in the air and production of allergens makes C. herbarum an important exacerbant of asthma and hay fever.
Edith D. Warren
Edith D. Warren (January 29, 1937 – November 11, 2023) was an American Democratic member of the North Carolina General Assembly, representing the state's eighth House district from 1999 until 2012. Her district included all of Martin County and part of Pitt County.

Warren retired from her job as an educator in Farmville, North Carolina, and died on November 11, 2023, at the age of 86. All flags in the state would be put at half-staff in her honor on November 18.

Pitt County, North Carolina
Pitt County is a county located in the Inner Banks region of the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 170,243, making it the 14th-most populous county in North Carolina. Its county seat is Greenville.

Pitt County comprises the Greenville, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is a component of the wider Greenville–Washington, NC CSA.
Krems an der Donau
Krems an der Donau (Austrian German pronunciation: [ˈkrɛms an deːɐ̯ ˈdoːnaʊ], lit. 'Krems on the Danube') is a city in Lower Austria, Austria. With a population of 24,821, it is the 20th-largest city of Austria and fifth-largest of Lower Austria. It is approximately 70 kilometres (43 miles) west of Vienna. Krems is a city with its own statute (or Statutarstadt), and therefore it is both a municipality and a district.

Statutory city (Austria)
In Austrian politics, a statutory city (German: Stadt mit eigenem Statut or Statutarstadt [ʃtatuˈtaːɐ̯ˌʃtat] ⓘ), also known in Burgenland as free city (German: Freistadt), is a city that is vested, in addition to its purview as a municipality, with the powers and duties of a district administrative authority. The city administration thus functions as both a municipal government and a branch of the executive arm of the national government. A resident of a statutory city would, for example, contact a city office and interact with city employees to apply for a driver's license or a passport.

As of 2022, there are 15 statutory cities. Statutory cities are mostly major regional population centers with residents numbering in the tens of thousands. The median statutory city has a population of about sixty thousand.
William Debonaire Haggard
William Debonaire Haggard FSA, FRAS (2 Feb 1787 – 4 Apr 1866) was a banker of the city of London, a numismatist, and an expert on bullion. He was the Principal of the Bullion Office of the Bank of England in the 1840s.

Numismatist
A numismatist is a specialist, researcher, and/or well-informed collector of numismatics/coins ("of coins"; from Late Latin numismatis, genitive of numisma). Numismatists can include collectors, specialist dealers, and scholar-researchers who use coins (and possibly, other currency) in object-based research. Although use of the term numismatics was first recorded in English in 1799, people had been collecting and studying coins long before then all over the world. The branch of numismatics that deals with the study and collection of paper currency and banknotes is called notaphily.
Myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery
Myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery, also known as MINS, refers to at least one elevated post-operative troponin level presumed to be of an ischemic mechanism. There is an absence of any overt non-ischemic causes to explain this elevation.

Troponin
Troponin, or the troponin complex, is a complex of three regulatory proteins (troponin C, troponin I, and troponin T) that are integral to muscle contraction in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle, but not smooth muscle. Measurements of cardiac-specific troponins I and T are extensively used as diagnostic and prognostic indicators in the management of myocarditis, myocardial infarction and acute coronary syndrome. Blood troponin levels may be used as a diagnostic marker for stroke or other myocardial injury that is ongoing, although the sensitivity of this measurement is low.
Kevin Braun
Kevin Braun is an American businessman, military instructor, and politician from the state of Kansas. A Republican, he represented the 5th district of the Kansas Senate, based in Leavenworth and western Kansas City from 2018 to 2021. He lost to Democrat Jeff Pittman in the 2020 election. He lost to Lynn Melton in the 2022 Kansas House of Representatives election for district 36.

2022 Kansas House of Representatives election
The 2022 Kansas House of Representatives elections took place as a part of the 2022 United States elections. All 125 seats in the Kansas House of Representatives were up for re-election. Representatives serve two year terms and are not term limited.

Democrats gained 1 seat, decreasing the narrow Republican supermajority to 85 out of 125 seats.
Rice Lake State Park (Iowa)
Rice Lake State Park is a 15-acre (6.1 ha) state park in Winnebago County, Iowa, United States, near the city of Lake Mills. The park is located on the south shore of Rice Lake and provides fishing and boating access to the lake. The lake is home to bass, bluegill, yellow perch, and walleye. It is also visited by migratory birds during their migrations, making it a popular birdwatching site. The park also contains a stone picnic shelter that was built in 1934 by the Civilian Conservation Corps.

Yellow perch
The yellow perch (Perca flavescens), commonly referred to as perch, striped perch, American perch or preacher is a freshwater perciform fish native to much of North America. The yellow perch was described in 1814 by Samuel Latham Mitchill from New York. It is closely related, and morphologically similar to the European perch (Perca fluviatilis); and is sometimes considered a subspecies of its European counterpart.

Latitudinal variability in age, growth rates, and size have been observed among populations of yellow perch, likely resulting from differences in day length and annual water temperatures. In many populations, yellow perch often live 9 to 10 years, with adults generally ranging 4–10 in (10–25 cm) in length.

The world record for a yellow by weight is 4 lb 3 oz (1.9 kg), and was caught in May 1865 in Bordentown, New Jersey, by Dr. C. Abbot. It is the longest-standing record for a freshwater fish in North America.
Mylène de Zoete
Mylène de Zoete (born 3 January 1999) is a Dutch professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam Ceratizit Pro Cycling. She won a bronze medal in the elimination race at the 2022 UEC European Track Championships.

Ceratizit Pro Cycling
Ceratizit Pro Cycling (UCI code: CTC) was a professional women's cycling team, based in Kempten, Germany, which competed in elite road bicycle racing events such as the UCI Women's World Tour. The team ceased racing in September 2025 after the Ceratizit Group concluded its sponsorship.
Shortcut (2015 film)
Shortcut: Disto Pan Nasto (transl. Shortcut: Seen but not there) is a 2015 Indian Marathi-language romantic thriller film written and directed by Harish Raut and produced by M.K Motion Pictures & Chitrakar Films. Shortcut was scheduled to be theatrically released on 7 August 2015.

It is based on the life of protagonist, Rohit (Vaibbhav Tatwawdi) an ace computer hacker who mysteriously gets into a legal hassle for a huge hacking case. The case is helmed by cop Rajesh Shringarpure, a no nonsense police officer. Meanwhile, his love is tested with Ishika (Sanskruti Balgude).

Rajesh Shringarpure
Rajesh Shringarpure (born 29 October 1977) is an Indian film and television actor who appears in Hindi cinema and Marathi cinema.He had played the role of Malhar Rao Holkar in television serial Punyashlok Ahilyabai on which is being aired on Sony Entertainment Television.

Rajesh is best known for his negative role in Sarkar Raj. He also played an important role in Murder 3. He is known for his brawny looks. He played the role of Seleucus I Nicator in the TV series Chandragupta Maurya (2011). In  2018, Shringarpure has participated in the first season of Bigg Boss Marathi (season 1), which airs on Colors Marathi.
Borchester
Borchester is a fictional town in the BBC Radio 4 radio series The Archers. It is the county town of the fictional county of Borsetshire. According to series tradition it is located 6 miles north-east of Ambridge in the Am Vale and is a historic market and wool town. These typically English country-town features are complemented by more modern additions, such as Underwoods (an upmarket department store), Jaxx bar, which was previously a café both managed by Kenton Archer, and Ambridge Organics, the shop run by Helen Archer, who also makes the Borsetshire Blue cheese sold in Underwoods.

Mill town
A mill town, also known as factory town or mill village, is a community that developed around one or more textile or other industrial mills, where the local economy centered on mill production and company owners typically provided housing, stores, schools, and other services to support workers and their families. Emerging prominently during the early 19th-century Industrial Revolution, mill towns harnessed water power from rivers to mechanize textile manufacturing, initially concentrating in New England before expanding southward, where they eclipsed northern production by the 1920s through lower labor costs and abundant resources. These towns featured a paternalistic social structure, with mill corporations exerting broad influence over daily life to ensure labor stability and productivity, fostering economic booms that built infrastructure but also vulnerability to market fluctuations, technological changes, and eventual deindustrialization.