hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alsberg (surname)
Alsberg is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl L. Alsberg (1877–1940), American chemist

Henry Alsberg (1881–1970), American journalist and writer

Max Alsberg (1877–1933), criminal lawyer of the Weimar Republic

Henry Alsberg
Henry Garfield Alsberg (September 21, 1881 – November 1, 1970) was an American journalist and writer who served as the founding director of the Federal Writers' Project.

A lawyer by training, he was a foreign correspondent during the Russian Revolution, secretary to the U.S. Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, and an influential volunteer for refugee aid efforts. Alsberg was a producer at the Provincetown Playhouse. He spent years traveling through war-torn Europe on behalf of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee. After publishing several magazines for the Federal Emergency Relief Administration, he was appointed to head the Federal Writers' Project. Fired from the project in 1939 shortly after testifying before the House Un-American Activities Committee, he worked for a short time for the Office of War Information, before joining Hastings House Publishers as an editor.
Plasma gasification
Plasma gasification is a thermal process that converts organic matter into a syngas (synthesis gas) which is primarily made up of hydrogen and carbon monoxide.  A plasma torch powered by an electric arc ionizes gas and transforms organic matter into syngas, producing slag  as a byproduct. It is used commercially as a form of waste treatment. It has been tested for the gasification of refuse-derived fuel, biomass, industrial waste, hazardous waste, and solid hydrocarbons, such as coal, oil sands, petcoke, and oil shale.

Waste treatment
Waste treatment refers to the activities required to ensure that waste has the least practicable impact on the environment. In many countries various forms of waste treatment are required by law. There are different categories of waste treatment such as solid, water, and radioactive waste treatment. These come from different practices such as agriculture, factories, and sewage. Within wastewater treatment there are different subcategories. These include agricultural, industrial, and sewage.
Kosmos 359
Kosmos 359 was an unmanned Soviet probe launched on 22 August 1970. The probe's intended purpose was to explore Venus, but an error caused the final-stage rocket to malfunction. This left the craft trapped in an elliptical orbit around Earth for 410 days before orbital decay and atmospheric entry. Kosmos 359 was launched five days after Venera 7 and had an identical design; had the craft not suffered a mission-ending failure, it would have landed on Venus shortly after Venera 7. To publicly acknowledge the failure of the attempted Venus lander would be a public relations disaster for the Soviet space program; after the mission failed, the Venera spacecraft was renamed Kosmos 359 in order to conceal the mishap from the public.

Elliptic orbit
In astrodynamics or celestial mechanics, an elliptical orbit or eccentric orbit is an orbit with an eccentricity of less than 1; this includes the special case of a circular orbit, with eccentricity equal to 0. Some orbits have been referred to as "elongated orbits" if the eccentricity is "high" but that is not an explanatory term. For the simple two body problem, all orbits are ellipses.

In a gravitational two-body problem, both bodies follow similar elliptical orbits with the same orbital period around their common barycenter. The relative position of one body with respect to the other also follows an elliptic orbit.

In the solar system the dominant mass of the sun ensures planets each follow nearly circular elliptic orbits (e near 0) with the sun at the main focus while comets such as Halley is highly eccentric or elongated orbit (e near 1). Examples of elliptic orbits or trajectories for satellites include Hohmann transfer orbits, Molniya orbits, and tundra orbits.
Constitution Day (Norway)
Constitution Day is the National Day of Norway and is an official public holiday observed on 17 May each year. Among Norwegians, the day is referred to as Syttende mai ('17th of May'), Nasjonaldagen ('National Day'), or Grunnlovsdagen ('Constitution Day'), although the latter is less frequent.

Norwegians often celebrate with large parades in which everyone wears the national costume (bunad). People eat hot dogs, waffles and ice cream and the children play playground games.

Folk costume
Folk costume, also known as traditional dress, traditional attire, folk attire, or regalia is clothing of an ethnic group, nation or region, and expresses cultural, religious or national identity. It includes both everyday and formal wear, those which do not cater to Western dress codes.

An ethnic group's clothing may be called ethnic clothing or ethnic dress. Those attributed to a certain place are often called national costume or regional costume; these may have official designation.
Bird Island Nature Reserve
The Bird Island Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve located near Lake Munmorah on the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. The island is situated 1.4 kilometres (0.87 mi) off the east coast of New South Wales, within the Tasman Sea. The reserve may be seen from the lighthouse at Norah Head.

Norah Head
Norah Head (originally known as Bungaree's Norah after the early colonial Indigenous explorer named Bungaree), is a headland and a coastal village in the Central Coast Council local government area on the Central Coast of New South Wales, Australia. Norah Head is known for its great surfing and clear beaches like Soldiers Beach near Wyrrabalong National Park and Pebbly Beach with Norah Head Rock Pool. The town is home to Norah Head Lighthouse with scenic views along the coast.
Kuzeykent
Kuzeykent is a neighbourhood of the city Kastamonu, Kastamonu District, Kastamonu Province, Turkey. Its population is 29,725 (2021). It covers the northern part of the city, and is home to Kastamonu University and Kastamonu Inter-city Bus Station.

Kastamonu District
Kastamonu District (also known as Merkez, meaning "central") is a district of the Kastamonu Province of Turkey. Its administrative seat is the city of Kastamonu. The district covers an area of 1,847 km2, and had a population of 152,541 in 2021.
Arrowslit
An arrowslit (often also referred to as an arrow loop, loophole or loop hole, and sometimes a balistraria) is a narrow vertical aperture in a fortification through which an archer can launch arrows or a crossbowman can launch bolts.

The interior walls behind an arrow loop are often cut away at an oblique angle so that the archer has a wide field of view and field of fire. Arrow slits come in a variety of forms. A common one is the cross, accommodating the use of both the longbow and the crossbow. The narrow vertical aperture permits the archer large degrees of freedom to vary the elevation and direction of their bowshot but makes it difficult for attackers to harm the archer since there is only a small target at which to aim.

Balistraria, plural balistrariae (from balister, crossbowman), can often be found in the curtain walls of medieval battlements beneath the crenellations.

Elevation (ballistics)
In ballistics, the elevation is the angle between the horizontal plane and the axial direction of the barrel of a gun, mortar or heavy artillery.  Originally, elevation was a linear measure of how high the gunners had to physically lift the muzzle of a gun up from the gun carriage to compensate for projectile drop and hit targets at a certain distance.
Lindy Hemming
Lindy Hemming (born 21 August 1948) is a Welsh costume designer. She has received various accolades, including an Academy Award and two Costume Designers Guild Awards, in addition to nominations for two BAFTA Film Awards, a BAFTA Television Award, and a Tony Award.

Costume Designers Guild Awards
The Costume Designers Guild Awards are awards presented annually by the Costume Designers Guild (CDG) to recognize outstanding achievement in costume design for film, television, short form productions, and costume illustration.
2019 Blancpain GT World Challenge Asia
The 2019 GT World Challenge Asia (known for sponsorship reasons as the 2019 Blancpain GT World Challenge Asia) was the third season of the GT World Challenge Asia, an auto racing series for grand tourer cars in Asia co-promoted by the SRO Motorsports Group and Team Asia One GT Management. The races were contested with GT3-spec and GT4-spec cars. The season began on 6 April at Sepang and ended on 28 September at Shanghai. It was the first season of the unification of GT3 sprint series across the globe under the World Challenge name.

Grand tourer
A grand tourer (GT) is a type of car that is designed for high speed, long-distance driving with luxury specifications. The most common format is a front-engine, rear-wheel-drive two-door coupé with either a two-seat or a 2+2 arrangement. Grand tourers are often the coupé derivative of luxury saloons or sedans. Some models, such as the Ferrari 250 GT, Jaguar E-Type, and Aston Martin DB5, are considered classic examples of gran turismo cars.

The term is a near-calque from the Italian language phrase gran turismo, which became popular in the English language in the 1950s, evolving from fast touring cars and streamlined closed sports cars during the 1930s.
Edmund Morgan (bishop)
Edmund Robert Morgan (28 July 1888 – 21 September 1979) was the seventh Bishop suffragan of Southampton; and afterwards the ninth diocesan Bishop of Truro.

He was born on 28 July 1888 and educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford. Ordained in 1914, he began his career with curacies at Farnham and Eastleigh. He was then Chaplain to Edward Talbot, Bishop of Winchester, and after that Warden of the College of the Ascension, Selly Oak, Birmingham, for 13 years from 1923. From 1930 to 1936 he was also assistant secretary of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel. From 1936 to 1943 he was Rector of Old Alresford and also Archdeacon of Winchester, a post he held until his elevation to the episcopate. A noted author, he died on 21 September 1979 aged 91 at Whiteparish.

Old Alresford
Old Alresford (/ˈɒlzfərd/ OLZ-fərd or /ˈɔːlzfərd/ AWLZ-fərd) is a village and civil parish in Hampshire, England. It is 1 km (0.6 miles) north of the town of New Alresford, 12 km (7 miles) northeast of the city of Winchester, and 14 km (9 miles) south-west of the town of Alton.

Alresford Pond is a large water feature south of Old Alresford and north of New Alresford.
Criterion Summit
Criterion Summit, elevation about 3,360 feet (1,020 m) above sea level, is a mountain pass in the U.S. state of Oregon that is traversed by U.S. Route 197. It lies south of Maupin, approximately 7 miles (11 km) north of the intersection of Route 197 with U.S. Route 97.
A sign and viewpoint map mark the summit. The map shows peaks of the Cascade Range that are visible from this spot, from Broken Top on the southwest to Mount Adams on the northwest. The summit is near the historic unincorporated community of Criterion.

Broken Top
Broken Top is a glacially eroded complex stratovolcano. It lies in the Cascade Volcanic Arc, part of the extensive Cascade Range in the U.S. state of Oregon. Located southeast of the Three Sisters peaks, the volcano, residing within the Three Sisters Wilderness, is 20 miles (32 km) west of Bend, Oregon, in Deschutes County. Eruptive activity stopped roughly 100,000 years ago, and erosion by glaciers has since reduced the volcano's cone to where its contents are exposed. There are two named glaciers on the peak, Bend and Crook Glacier.

Diverse species of flora and fauna inhabit the area, which is subject to frequent snowfall, occasional rain, and extreme temperature variation between seasons. Broken Top and its surrounding area constitute popular destinations for hiking, climbing, and scrambling.
Kaarel Kilvet
Kaarel Kilvet (13 July 1944 Pärnu – 30 April 2005 Tallinn) was an Estonian actor, singer and director.

In 1970 he graduated from Tallinn State Conservatory's Performing Arts Department. 1970-1993 he was an actor and director in Estonian Youth Theatre. 1993-1998 he was a director in Endla Theatre. Since 1998 he was a freelancer.

He was a member of the folk music groups Kukerpillid and Leegajus, and a founder and member of the folk and comedy musical trio Hampelmann, with Jüri Aarma and Lauri Nebel.

Besides stage roles he appeared also in several films and in radio theatre.

Awards:

2005: Order of the White Star, V class.

Endla Theatre
Endla (Estonian: Endla teater) is a professional theatre in city of Pärnu, Estonia.

The roots of the theatre came from Endla Society. The theatre opened in 1911. The first performance was Libahunt (The Werewolf) by the Estonian writer August Kitzberg. The Estonian Declaration of Independence was proclaimed from the theatre's balcony on 23 February 1918, one day before it was proclaimed in Tallinn. The theatre was destroyed by fire in 1944, and the Soviet authorities opted not to restore the theatre but to demolish it with explosives in 1961 due to it being an important symbol of Estonian independence. The new building was finished in 1967 and renovated in 2001.
Order of the Republic (Gambia)
The Order of the Republic of The Gambia is the highest state order of The Gambia. The incumbent President of the Gambia is the Grand Master of the Order.

The Order of the Republic of The Gambia was created by the government under President Sir Dawda Jawara as a replacement for one of the honours in the British honours system, which was last conferred in the 1970 New Year Honours, the last one under the Gambian monarchy (1965-70).

Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom and the British Overseas Territories, personal bravery, achievement, or service are rewarded with honours. The honours system consists of three types of award:

Honours are used to recognise merit in terms of achievement and service;

Decorations tend to be used to recognise specific deeds;

Medals are used to recognise service on a particular operation or in a specific theatre, long or valuable service, and good conduct.

Appointments to the various orders and awards of other honours are usually published in The London Gazette.
Laryngeal cyst
Laryngeal cysts are cysts involving the larynx or more frequently supraglottic locations, such as epiglottis and vallecula. Usually they do not extend to the thyroid cartilage. They may be present congenitally or may develop eventually due to degenerative cause. They often interfere with phonation.

Larynx
The larynx (pl.: larynges or larynxes), commonly called the voice box, is an organ in the top of the neck involved in respiration, producing sound and protecting the trachea against food aspiration. The opening of the larynx into the pharynx, known as the laryngeal inlet, is about 4–5 centimeters in diameter. The larynx houses the vocal cords, and manipulates pitch and volume, which is essential for phonation. It is situated just below where the tract of the pharynx splits into the trachea and the esophagus.
2011 Strabag Prague Open – Men's doubles
The men's doubles of the 2011 Strabag Prague Open tournament was played on clay in Prague, Czech Republic.

Lukáš Dlouhý and Petr Pála were the defending champions from the last edition in 2008, but decided not to participate.
František Čermák and Lukáš Rosol won the title after defeating Christopher Kas and Alexander Peya 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

Petr Pála
Petr Pála (born 2 October 1975) is a tennis coach and former professional tennis player from the Czech Republic. Together with Pavel Vízner he reached the men's doubles final of the 2001 French Open but lost to Indians Mahesh Bhupathi and Leander Paes (6–7, 3–6).

Pála was coached by his father František, who was a professional tennis player on the ATP tour.

Pála never had the opportunity to do his singles ability justice on the ATP Tour due to injury. When he recovered from these injuries he returned immediately to the doubles tour, but could not gain entry to official ATP matches.

Pála became the non-playing captain of the Czech Republic Fed Cup team in December 2007. Since then, he has led the Fed Cup team to world titles in 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2018, becoming the most successful Fed Cup team captain of all time.
Matthew Gibson (cyclist)
Matthew Lewis Gibson (born 2 September 1996) is a British professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Continental team Saint Piran.

A former member of the British Cycling Olympic Academy Programme, Gibson specialises in endurance and timed events and came 5th and 10th in the Junior Time Trial at the 2013 and 2014 UCI Road World Championships, respectively. Gibson was selected to represent Great Britain at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships and, at 18 years old, he was the youngest rider on the squad.

2014 UCI Road World Championships – Men's junior time trial
The Men's junior time trial of the 2014 UCI Road World Championships took place in and around Ponferrada, Spain on 23 September 2014. The course of the race was 29.50 km (18.33 mi) with the start and finish in Ponferrada.

Lennard Kämna became the first German rider to win the world title since Marcel Kittel in 2006, with a winning margin of almost 45 seconds over his nearest competitor. The silver medal went to American rider Adrien Costa, with the bronze medal going to Australia's Michael Storer; Costa and Storer were the only riders to get within a minute of Kämna's time.
14th General Assembly of Nova Scotia
The 14th General Assembly of Nova Scotia represented Nova Scotia between 1830 and 1836.

The assembly sat at the pleasure of the Governor of Nova Scotia, Peregrine Maitland. Colin Campbell succeeded Maitland as governor in 1834.

Samuel George William Archibald was chosen as speaker for the house.

Peregrine Maitland
General Sir Peregrine Maitland, GCB (6 July 1777 – 30 May 1854) was a British Army officer and colonial administrator. He also was a cricketer from 1798 to 1808 and an early advocate for the establishment of what would become the Canadian Indian residential school system.
Van Salsbergen House
Van Salsbergen House, also known as the Black House and Van Hoesen Stone House, is a historic home located in Greenport near the city of Hudson in Columbia County, New York.  It was built about 1700, and is a 1+1⁄2-story stone dwelling with a steeply pitched gable roof.  Originally two-rooms large, it was expanded about 1860 with the addition of the north room.  As its name implies, the house derives from the original owner and builder, Jan Hendricksen Van Salsbergen, an early settler of the area. He was known to have been born in the Netherlands in the 17th century and died in Columbia County in 1710 as per available records. It is currently undergoing restoration by its private owner. The structure is unique by reason of its scissors- truss design being infrequently employed in the geographical area but typical of housing design seen in the Netherlands.: 3, 7

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

Columbia County, New York
Columbia County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. At the 2020 census, the population was 61,570. The county seat is Hudson. The name comes from the Latin feminine form of the surname of Christopher Columbus, which was at the time of the formation of the county a popular proposal for the name of the United States. The county is part of the Capital District region of the state.
We Are Not Obstinate Islands
We Are Not Obstinate Islands is an album by The Diplomats, a collective trio consisting of saxophonist Rob Brown, trombonist Steve Swell and drummer Harris Eisenstadt. It was recorded live in Rochester, New York in 2004 and released on the Portuguese Clean Feed label. Swell played previously on Brown's album Radiant Pools.

Clean Feed Records
Clean Feed Records is a jazz record label founded in Lisbon, Portugal, in 2001.

The label's roster includes Ray Anderson, Tim Berne, Carlos Bica, Anthony Braxton, Mark Dresser, Ellery Eskelin, Peter Evans, Scott Fields, Fight the Big Bull, Charles Gayle, Dennis González, Mary Halvorson, Alfred Harth,  Tony Malaby, Joe Morris, Caterina Palazzi, Evan Parker,  Elliott Sharp, Ken Vandermark, and Otomo Yoshihide.

Since 2006, the company has presented the annual Clean Feed Festival in New York City, featuring performances by Clean Feed recording artists. Starting in 2010, it expanded its festivals to include Chicago and cities in Europe.

All About Jazz  in 2009 rated it one of the five best jazz labels in the world for the last two years running.
1979 Toronto International Film Festival
The 4th Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) took place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada between September 6 and September 15, 1979. Due to overcrowding in the prior year, the Gala presentations were moved from the 700-seat Towne Cinema to the 1,600-seat Elgin Theatre. The People's Choice Award was awarded to Best Boy by Ira Wohl, which later won Oscar for Best Documentary Feature.

Joris Ivens
Georg Henri Anton "Joris" Ivens (18 November 1898 – 28 June 1989) was a Dutch documentary filmmaker. Among the notable films he directed or co-directed are A Tale of the Wind, The Spanish Earth, Rain, ...A Valparaiso, Misère au Borinage (Borinage), 17th Parallel: Vietnam in War, The Seine Meets Paris, Far from Vietnam, Pour le Mistral and How Yukong Moved the Mountains.
Deutsche Versuchs- und Prüfanstalt für Jagd- und Sportwaffen
The German Experimental and Test Institute for Hunting and Sporting Firearms (founded 26 November 1888) (German Deutsche Versuchs- und Prüfanstalt für Jagd- und Sportwaffen e.V.), usually shortened DEVA, is a German manufacturer's association whose purpose is to provide independent advice and testing for firearms and ammunition. DEVA conducts its work independently, and is co-owned by most German firearm manufacturers, such as Blaser, Heckler & Koch, Heym, Mauser, Merkel, Sauer, etc. DEVA today consists of two branches, one in Dune, Altenbeken and one on Stahnsdorfer Damm, Berlin.

Mauser
Mauser, originally the Königlich Württembergische Gewehrfabrik, was a German arms manufacturer. Their line of bolt-action rifles and semi-automatic pistols was produced beginning in the 1870s for the German armed forces. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Mauser designs were also exported and licensed to many countries, which adopted them as military and civilian sporting firearms. The Gewehr 98 in particular was widely adopted and copied, becoming one of the most copied firearms designs and it is the foundation of many of today's sporting bolt-action rifles. Around 10 million Gewehr 98-style rifles were produced.
Hellbilly Deluxe 2 World Tour
The Hellbilly Deluxe 2 World Tour was a worldwide concert tour by American rock band Rob Zombie that began in October 2009 in support of his fourth studio album Hellbilly Deluxe 2. The tour consisted of 12 legs spanning across Japan, North America, Europe and Australia. The tour marked the first time Zombie has performed internationally since the beginning of his solo career.

Ginger Fish
Kenneth Robert Wilson, better known by his stage name Ginger Fish, is an American musician best known for playing drums for Marilyn Manson from 1995 to 2011. Like Marilyn Manson, which combines the names of an iconic beauty with a notorious criminal, his name combines those of Ginger Rogers and Albert Fish.

He is now the drummer for Rob Zombie after previously joining him on a series of warm up dates in February 2011.