hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adrien Loir
Adrien Loir (15 December 1862 – 1941) was a French bacteriologist born in Lyon. He was a nephew of Louis Pasteur, and for much of his career was associated with the Pasteur Institute.

From 1882 to 1888 Loir was an assistant in Pasteur's laboratory in Paris, where he performed research of swine fever. In 1886, he installed the first anti-rabies clinic in Saint Petersburg. Between 1888 and 1893 he made two journeys to Australia to conduct research of anthrax and pleuropneumonia. While there, he investigated the use of chicken cholera bacillus in an attempt to eradicate the country's rabbit infestation.

In 1893 he founded the Pasteur Institute of Tunisia, and for several years was a professor of hygiene and bacteriology at the colonial school in Tunis. In 1906 he traveled to Canada, where he demonstrated that the equine disease, dourine is caused by the parasite trypanosoma equiperdum.

Trypanosoma equiperdum
Τrypanosoma equiperdum is a species of kinetoplastid parasites that causes covering sickness in horses and other animals in the family Equidae. T. equiperdum is the only known trypanosome that is not spread by an insect vector. There has been substantial controversy surrounding whether T. equiperdum should be considered a unique species, or a strain of T. evansi or T. brucei. T. equiperdum is unique in that its kinetoplast, the network of connected rings that make up its mitochondrial DNA, consists of thousands of "minicircles" that are identical in sequence.
Renzo Zorzi
Renzo Zorzi (12 December 1946 – 15 May 2015)  was a racing driver from Italy who participated in seven Formula One Grands Prix between 1975 and 1977, for the Williams and Shadow teams. He began in Formula Three while working with Pirelli before progressing to Formula One. He later raced in sports cars before returning to work with Pirelli, running a driving school. He is the only driver from the province of Trentino to have competed in Formula One.

Formula Three
Formula Three (F3) is a third-tier class of open-wheel formula racing. The various championships held in Europe, Australia, South America and Asia form an important step for many prospective Formula One drivers.
Jan Łaski (1456–1531)
Jan Łaski (1456 in Łask – 19 May 1531 in Kalisz, Poland) was a Polish nobleman, Grand Chancellor of the Crown (1503–10), diplomat, from 1490 secretary to Poland's King Casimir IV Jagiellon and from 1508 coadjutor to the Archbishop of Lwów.

From 1510 Łaski was Archbishop of Gniezno and thus Primate of Poland.

Coadjutor
The term "coadjutor" (literally "co-assister" in Latin) is a title qualifier indicating that the holder shares the office with another person, with powers equal to the other in all but formal order of precedence.

These include:

Coadjutor bishop, or Coadjutor archbishop

Coadjutor vicar, or Coadjutor apostolic vicar

Coadjutor eparch, or Coadjutor archeparch

Coadjutor exarch, or Coadjutor apostolic exarch
Hansen Lake (Nipissing District)
Hansen Lake is a lake in geographic Chambers Township in the municipality of Temagami, Nipissing District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin, and has one named island, Horr Island.

There are three unnamed inflows at the northwest, north and south. The primary outflow is an unnamed creek at the west leading to Chambers Lake that eventually leads to Lake Temagami. That lakes drains via the Temagami River, Sturgeon River, Lake Nipissing, and the French River to Georgian Bay on Lake Huron.

Chambers Township, Ontario
Chambers Township is a square-shaped geographic township comprising a portion of the municipality of Temagami in Nipissing District, Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is used for geographic purposes, such as land surveying and natural resource explorations. Neighbouring geographic townships include Strathy Township, Briggs Township, Strathcona Township, Best Township and Banting Township.
Campbellton, Missouri
Campbellton is an unincorporated community in northern Franklin County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community lies on Missouri Route 185 between Lyon to the southwest and Dundee to the northeast. Campbellton School is approximately 1.5 miles northeast on Route 185. Boeuf Creek drains the area to the north and the small stream, Slaughter Branch, flows past the village to the south.

Missouri Route 185
Route 185 is a highway in eastern Missouri.  Its northern terminus is at Route 100 west of Washington; its southern terminus is at Route 8 in Potosi.  A spur of Highway 185 goes into Meramec State Park, Miramiguoa Park, and Meramec Conservation Area.
Olearia tasmanica
Olearia tasmanica is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae and is endemic to Tasmania. It is a shrub that typically grows to a height of 1.0–1.5 m (3 ft 3 in – 4 ft 11 in) and has oblong to egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, 19–40 mm (0.75–1.57 in) long and with a blunt tip. The heads or daisy-like "flowers" have up to 8 ray florets. Flowering mainly occurs in January and the fruit is a smooth achene.

This daisy was first formally described in 1847 by Joseph Dalton Hooker who gave it the name Eurybia alpina in the London Journal of Botany from specimens collected on Mount Wellington. In 1963, Winifred Curtis changed the name to Olearia alpina in The Student's Flora of Tasmania, but that name is illegitimate because it had already been used by Buchanan for a New Zealand species (now known as Olearia lacunosa). In 1970, Curtis changed the name to Olearia tasmanica in The Victorian Naturalist.

Nomen illegitimum
Nomen illegitimum (Latin for illegitimate name) is a technical term used mainly in botany. It is usually abbreviated as nom. illeg. Although  the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants uses Latin terms as qualifiers for taxon names (e.g. nomen conservandum for "conserved name", and nomen superfluum for "superfluous name"), the definition of each term is in English rather than Latin. The Latin abbreviations are widely used by botanists and mycologists.
Leaf angle distribution
The leaf angle distribution (or LAD) of a plant canopy refers to the mathematical description of the angular orientation of the leaves in the vegetation. Specifically, if each leaf is conceptually represented by a small flat plate, its orientation can be described with the zenith and the azimuth angles of the surface normal to that plate. If the leaf has a complex structure and is not flat, it may be necessary to approximate the actual leaf by a set of small plates, in which case there may be a number of leaf normals and associated angles. The LAD describes the statistical distribution of these angles.

Zenith
The zenith (UK: /ˈzɛnɪθ/, US: /ˈziː-/) is the imaginary point on the celestial sphere directly "above" a particular location. "Above" means in the vertical direction (plumb line) opposite to the gravity direction at that location (nadir). The zenith is the "highest" point on the celestial sphere. The direction opposite of the zenith is the nadir.
Didymoteicho railway station
Didymoteicho railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομικός Σταθμός Διδυμότειχο, romanized: Sidirodromikós stathmós Didimòteicho) is a railway station that serves the town of Didymoteicho, Evros in Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece. Located 2.4 kilometres (1.5 mi) northeast of the town centre, the station was opened in 1870 by the Chemins de fer Orientaux, (now part of OSE). Today Hellenic Train operates just 4 daily Regional trains to Alexandroupoli and Ormenio. The station is unstaffed however there are waiting rooms available The station lies 900 kilometres (560 mi) from Athens and 400 kilometres (250 mi) from Thessaloniki.

Eastern Macedonia and Thrace
Eastern Macedonia and Thrace (/ˌmæsəˈdoʊniə/ MASS-ə-DOH-nee-ə; Greek: Ανατολική Μακεδονία και Θράκη, romanized: Anatolikí Makedonía ke Thráki, [anatoliˈci maceðoˈnia ce ˈθraci]) is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It consists of the northeastern parts of the country, comprising the eastern part of the region of Macedonia along with the region of Western Thrace, and the islands of Thasos and Samothrace.
2025–26 Thai League 1
The 2025–26 Thai League 1 will be the 9th season of Thai League 1 under its current name and the 29th season of top-flight Thai football professional league since its establishment in 1996. This league is also known as BYD Sealion 6 League I due to the sponsorship deal with BYD Auto. The season is scheduled to begin on 15 August 2025 and will conclude on 10 May 2026.

Buriram United entered the season as the four-time defending champions, having won their fourth consecutive league title and 11th overall Thai top-flight football title the previous season.

2024–25 Thai League 2
The 2024–25 Thai League 2 is the 27th season of the Thai League 2, the second-tier professional league for Thailand's association football clubs, since its establishment in 1997. also known as Muang Thai League due to the sponsorship deal with Muang Thai Life Assurance and Muang Thai Insurance. A total of 18 teams will compete in the league. The season began on 9 August 2024 and is scheduled to conclude on 24 May 2025.

For this season, two teams in the final table (champion and runner up) are directly promoted to Thai League 1 next season, while teams ranked 3rd – 6th qualified for a play off for the last spot.

The first transfer window is from 7 June to 15 August 2023, while the second transfer window is from 9 December 2024 to 17 January 2025.
Dave Heath
David Martin Heath (June 27, 1931 – June 27, 2016) was an American documentary, humanist and street photographer.

Heath's books include A Dialogue with Solitude (1965). In 2015, a retrospective of his work was hosted by Philadelphia Museum of Art. His work is held in the collections of the J. Paul Getty Museum, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, and Museum of Modern Art.

Retrospective
A retrospective (from Latin retrospectare, "look back"), generally, is a look back at events that took place, or works that were produced, in the past. As a noun, retrospective has specific meanings in software development, popular culture, and the arts. It is applied as an adjective, synonymous with the term retroactive, to laws, standards, and awards.
Valderice
Valderice (Sicilian: Valdèrici) is a town and comune in North-Western Sicily, Italy, administratively part of the province of Trapani.  The city is located in the inland, close to the provincial capital city of Trapani, but includes also a seaside frazione, Bonagia, in its territory.

Previously called Paparella, the comune was created following the division of the comune of Monte San Giuliano, which had contained Erice, Custonaci and Buseto Palizzolo, as well as Valderice. It is the chief comune of the five Elimo-ericini communi and the most populous of them; it is the eighth most populous comune in the province.

Valderice contains several scenic areas: hills, wooded areas, beaches, sea-cliffs, and countryside. There are three beach resorts: Bonagia, Lido Valderice, and Rio Forgia beach.

Province of Trapani
The province of Trapani (Italian: provincia di Trapani; Sicilian: pruvincia di Tràpani; officially libero consorzio comunale di Trapani) is a province in the autonomous island region of Sicily, Italy. Following the suppression of the Sicilian provinces, it was replaced in 2015 by the free municipal consortium of Trapani (Italian: libero consorzio comunale di Trapani). Its capital is the city of Trapani. It has an area of 2,469.62 square kilometres (953.53 mi2) and a total population of 411,396 as of 2025. There are 25 comuni (sg.: comune) in the province (see comuni of the province of Trapani).
Operafjellet
Operafjellet ("The Opera Mountain") is a mountain on Spitsbergen in Svalbard, Norway. It is 968 metres (3,176 ft) tall and is located on the north side of Adventdalen. It is named for the amphitheatre-shape of the mountain on the western side, with the peak Tenoren ("The Tenor") sticking up. On 29 August 1996, it was the site for the crash of Vnukovo Airlines Flight 2801 during approach to Svalbard Airport, Longyear, killing 141 people.

Amphitheatre
An amphitheatre  (American English: amphitheater) is an open-air venue used for entertainment, performances, and sports. The term derives from the ancient Greek ἀμφιθέατρον (amphitheatron), from ἀμφί (amphi), meaning "on both sides" or "around" and θέατρον (théātron), meaning "place for viewing".

Ancient Greek theatres were typically built on hillsides and semi-circular in design. The first amphitheatre may have been built at Pompeii around 70 BC. Ancient Roman amphitheatres were oval or circular in plan, with seating tiers that surrounded the central performance area, like a modern open-air stadium. In contrast, both ancient Greek and ancient Roman theatres were built in a semicircle, with tiered seating rising on one side of the performance area.

Modern English parlance uses "amphitheatre" for any structure with sloping seating, including theatre-style stages with spectator seating on only one side, theatres in the round, and stadia. They can be indoor or outdoor.
Sanna Malaska
Sanna Irene Malaska (born 6 April 1983) is a Finnish football coach and former midfielder, currently running the female youth teams at HJK Helsinki of the Naisten Liiga. As well as for HJK, she has played for Sunnanå SK of Sweden's Damallsvenskan, Prainsa Zaragoza in the Spanish Superleague and Amazon Grimstad in Norway's Toppserien.

She has been a member of the Finnish national team, taking part in the 2005 and 2009 European Championships. She last appeared in 2010.

Amazon Grimstad
Amazon Grimstad FK is a Professional Norwegian women's football club from Grimstad. It is named after the Amazons of Greek mythology.

It was founded in 1999 when the women's football section split from FK Jerv. The senior team currently plays in the Norwegian First Division following relegation from the Toppserien at the conclusion of the 2015 Toppserien.
Oana Manea
Oana Andreea Lefter (née: Manea; born 18 April 1985) is a former handball player. She  retired from the Romania national team in 2016. Her father, Dumitru Manea was a football player for the Romania men's national football team.

She was given the award of Cetățean de onoare ("Honorary Citizen") of the city of Bucharest in 2016.

Romania women's national handball team
The Romanian women's national team represents Romania in senior women's international handball and is controlled by the Romanian Handball Federation, the governing body for handball in Romania. It competes in the three major international tournaments; the Olympic Games, the IHF World Championship and the EHF European Championship.

Since first entering World Championship, Romania are the only team to have appeared in all 25 tournaments to date.

They were crowned winners in the IHF World Championship three times: 1956, 1960 and 1962, and finished as runners-up in 1973 and 2005 and also finished third in 2015. Since first entering in 1994, Romania have never won the EHF European Championship, with their best performances being a third-place finish in 2010.
Pennick
Pennick is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Blanche Pennick (1904–1991), American politician

Jack Pennick (1895–1964), American film actor

Jeremie Pennick (born 1984), American rapper known professionally as Benny the Butcher

Ray Pennick (born 1946), English former footballer

Jack Pennick
Ronald Jack Pennick (December 7, 1895 – August 16, 1964) was an American film actor. After working as a gold miner as a young man, and serving as a U.S. Marine, he would go on to appear in more than 140 films between 1926 and 1962. Pennick was a leading member to in the informal John Ford Stock Company, appearing in dozens of the director's films. Pennick also drilled the military extras in John Wayne's The Alamo (1960).
European Lady Junior's Team Championship
The European Lady Junior's Team Championship was a European amateur team golf championship for women under 22 organized by the European Golf Association. The inaugural event was held in 1968. It was played every year until 1984, then every second year. It was discontinued in 2006.

Amateur
An amateur (from French 'one who loves') is generally considered a person who pursues an avocation independent from their source of income. Amateurs and their pursuits are also described as popular, informal, self-taught, user-generated, DIY, and hobbyist.
1979 Hazara Uprising
In late 1979, some Hazara-led parties gathered in Hazarajat to established the Shura-e-ittifaqi under the leadership of Sayyid Ali Beheshti. The uprising began and succeeded, all of Hazarajat was liberated and the Afghan government was expelled. The success of the new Hazarajat government was due to its support of the Hazara culture and values. After the uprising, Shura-e-ittifaqi ruled the Hazarajat from 1979 to 1982 followed by Sazman-i Nasr then Hezbe Wahdat that ruled Hazarajat until 1997. During this time, Hazarajat was more peaceful than other parts of Afghanistan. The uprising was also driven by Anti-Tajik and Anti-Pashtun sentiment among some Hazaras.






This was the most organized and successful Hazara uprising after several failed uprisings in the 20th century, providing the Hazaras with an organized government for the first time.

Sazman-i Nasr
Sazman-i Nasr (Dari: سازمان نصر, lit. 'Organization of Victory') was a Hazara militant group, opposed to the leftist Afghan government during the 1980s. After the Revolutionary Council of Islamic Unity of Afghanistan, Nasr was the elite militant group. The organisation included many young men educated in Kabul, among them Shia clergymen, and received support from the Iranian government. It was a part of the Tehran Eight political constellation after 1987.
The Wildcat of Tucson
The Wildcat of Tucson is a 1940 American Western film directed by Lambert Hillyer and starring Bill Elliott as "Wild Bill" Hickok and Evelyn Young as Vivian Barlow. It is the third in Columbia Pictures' series of 12 "Wild Bill Hickok" films, followed by Across the Sierras.

The film was produced and released by Columbia Pictures. A feature film, its length is 59 minutes.

Lambert Hillyer
Lambert Hillyer (July 8, 1893 – July 5, 1969) was an American film director and screenwriter. He is best known today for his many western features, his horror films The Invisible Ray and Dracula's Daughter, and the first Batman serial.
Sakya Trizin Ngawang Kunga
Sakya Trizin Ngawang Kunga served as the 41st Sakya Trizin, the throne holder of the Sakya Lineage of Tibetan Buddhism, from his appointment in 1952 until his retirement in 2017. His religious name is Ngawang Kunga Tegchen Palbar Trinley Samphel Wangyi Gyalpo (Tibetan: ངག་དབང་ཀུན་དགའ་ཐེག་ཆེན་དཔལ་འབར་འཕྲིན་ལས་བསམ་འཕེལ་དབང་གྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ།, Wylie: ngag dbang kun dga' theg chen dpal 'bar 'phrin las bsam 'phel dbang gyi rgyal po). After passing the throne of the Sakya lineage to his elder son Ratna Vajra Rinpoche who became the 42nd Sakya Trizin on 9 March 2017, he is now known as Kyabgon Gongma Trichen Rinpoche.

Sakya
The Sakya (Tibetan: ས་སྐྱ་, Wylie: sa skya, 'pale earth') school is one of four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism, the others being the Nyingma, Kagyu, and Gelug. It is one of the Red Hat Orders along with the Nyingma and Kagyu.
298th Rifle Division
The 298th Rifle Division (Russian: 298-я стрелковая дивизия) was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army during World War II, formed three times.

The division was first formed in the summer of 1941 and was destroyed in the Bryansk pocket in the fall of that year. Reformed in December 1941 in Siberia, the division became a guards unit for its actions in the Battle of Stalingrad in March 1943. It was reformed in July 1943 in the Soviet Far East, and fought in the Soviet invasion of Manchuria in August 1945, before being disbanded in 1946.

Operation Koltso
Operation Koltso (Operation Ring) was the last part of the Battle of Stalingrad. It resulted in the capitulation of the remaining Axis forces encircled in the city. The operation was likely the largest-scale economy-of-force offensive ever conducted in military history.
Bostrikiny House
The Bostrikiny House (Russian: Дом Бострикиных, romanized: Dom Bostrikinikh) is a historic house in Rostov-on-Don. It currently houses a branch of Sberbank. The house is located at 106 Pushkinskaya Street (Russian: Пушкинская улица, 106) in the Kirovsky City District of Rostov-on-Don. The building has the status of an object of cultural heritage of Russia of regional significance.

Pushkinskaya Street (Rostov-on-Don)
Pushkinskaya Street (Russian: Пушкинская улица) is one of the main streets in Rostov-on-Don. The street is named after the Russian poet Alexander Pushkin. Many old houses, university buildings, and the Don State Public Library are located on this street. The Pushkinskaya Street is a green boulevard, it goes parallel to the Don River.
John Trathen
Christianity portal

John Vernon Trathen,  MBE was Archdeacon of Kroonstad from 1968 to 1973.

Trathen served in the RNVR during World War II. He was ordained in 1962. After a  curacy in Bloemfontein he held incumbencies at Springfontein, Harrismith and Parkview.

Parkview, Gauteng
Parkview is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It borders the suburb of Greenside and overlooks Zoo Lake, a park which lies on the opposite side of Jan Smuts Avenue from the Johannesburg Zoo. All of its streets are named after Irish counties. Parkview is one of the oldest suburbs in Johannesburg, and much of its historic architecture remains intact. The Alliance Française in Johannesburg is situated in Parkview.
Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research
The Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) project is a collaboration of the United States Air Force, NASA, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Lincoln Laboratory for the systematic detection and tracking of near-Earth objects. LINEAR was responsible for the majority of asteroid discoveries from 1998 until it was overtaken by the Catalina Sky Survey in 2005. As of 15 September 2011, LINEAR had detected 231,082 new small Solar System bodies, of which at least 2,423 were near-Earth asteroids and 279 were comets. The instruments used by the LINEAR program are located at Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site (ETS) on the White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) near Socorro, New Mexico.

White Sands Missile Range
White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) is a United States Army military testing area and firing range located in the US state of New Mexico. The range was originally established in 1941 as the Alamogordo Bombing and Gunnery Range, where the Trinity test site lay at the northern end of the Range, in Socorro County near the towns of Carrizozo and San Antonio. It then became the White Sands Proving Ground on 9 July 1945.

White Sands National Park founded in the 1930s is located within the range.
Artistes 512 Fundraising Campaign
Artistes 512 Fund Raising Campaign (Chinese: 演藝界512關愛行動) was a major fundraising concert held in Hong Kong for the victims of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. The concert was held on June 1, 2008, and began at 2:28pm, the time the earthquake had struck Sichuan on May 12. The show was 7 to 8-hours long, featuring more than 200 stars from Hong Kong, Taiwan and mainland China. The theme song was a rewritten version of 海闊天空 sung by Beyond (band).

Fundraising
Fundraising or fund-raising is the process of seeking and gathering voluntary financial contributions by engaging individuals, businesses, charitable foundations, or governmental agencies. Although fundraising typically refers to efforts to gather money for non-profit organizations, it is sometimes used to refer to the identification and solicitation of investors or other sources of capital for for-profit enterprises.

Traditionally, fundraising has consisted mostly of asking for donations through face-to-face fundraising, such as door-knocking. In recent years, though, new forms such as online fundraising or grassroots fundraising have emerged.