hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
East Gridley, California
39°21′48″N 121°39′43″W﻿ / ﻿39.36333°N 121.66194°W﻿ / 39.36333; -121.66194

East Gridley (formerly, Gridley Station) is an unincorporated community in Butte County, California. It lies at an elevation of 98 feet (30 m). The town was founded as Gridley Station on the Sacramento Northern Railroad.

Butte County, California
Butte County (/ˈbjuːt/ ⓘ) is a county located in the northern central part of the U.S. state of California. In the 2020 census, its population was 211,632. The county seat is Oroville.

Butte County comprises the Chico, California, metropolitan statistical area. It is in the California Central Valley, north of the state capital of Sacramento.

Butte County is drained by the Feather River and the Sacramento River. Butte Creek and Big Chico Creek are additional perennial streams, both tributary to the Sacramento. The county is home to California State University, Chico and Butte College.
Mario Búcaro
Mario Adolfo Búcaro Flores is a Guatemalan diplomat who previously served as CEO of the Miss Universe Organization from October to December 2025. A former civil servant, Bucaro served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs from February 2022 to January 2024, under the government of Alejandro Giammattei. Previously, he was the Guatemalan Ambassador to Mexico, Israel, Bulgaria and Cyprus.

Alejandro Giammattei
Alejandro Eduardo Giammattei Falla (Spanish pronunciation: [aleˈxandɾo ʝamaˈtej]; born 9 March 1956) is a Guatemalan politician who was the 51st president of Guatemala from 2020 to 2024.

He is a former director of the Guatemalan penitentiary system and participated in Guatemala's presidential elections in 2007, 2011, and 2015.

He won in the 2019 election, and assumed office on 14 January 2020.
2013 Saginaw Sting season
The 2013 Saginaw Sting season was the fifth season for the Continental Indoor Football League (CIFL) franchise.

The Sting's first move in its quest for a title defense in 2013 happened when they re-signed Head Coach Fred Townsend to a 3-year contract extension.

Saginaw Sting
The Saginaw Sting was a professional Indoor Football team based in Saginaw, Michigan. The team was most recently a member of American Indoor Football (AIF). They began play in 2008 as an expansion team in the Continental Indoor Football League and then moved to the Indoor Football League for the 2009 season. They suspended operations for the 2010 season before becoming an inaugural member of the Ultimate Indoor Football League. The following season they were suspended by the UIFL and re-joined the CIFL under new ownership. The team has since moved to the AIF. The owners of the Sting were Stuart Schweigert, Rob Licht and Jim O'Brien. The Sting played their home games at The Dow Event Center in Saginaw, Michigan.

They are one of only a few teams to ever win a championship in multiple leagues (CIFL in 2008, the UIFL in 2011 and the CIFL again in 2012).
Julie Shiflet
Julie Shiflet (born October 7, 1972) is an American former professional tennis player.

A native of Virginia Beach, Shiflet grew up in a tennis involved family, which owned the Virginia Beach Tennis and Country Club. She played collegiate tennis for William & Mary and was a singles All-American in 1992, as a freshman.

Shiflet, who reached a career high singles ranking of 212 in the world, featured in the qualifying draw for the 1990 US Open. Her best performance on the WTA Tour came at the 1991 Colorado Tennis Classic, where she had a first round win over Heather Ludloff, then took the eventual champion Lori McNeil to three sets in the round of 16.

1990 US Open (tennis)
The 1990 US Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the USTA National Tennis Center in New York City in the United States. It was the 110th edition of the US Open and was held from August 27 to September 9, 1990.
Skiff (company)
Skiff, LLC, was an e-reader and advertising company, started by Hearst Corporation and purchased by News Corporation in 2010 following its CES debut. The software was designed to deliver digital editions of newspapers, magazines, books and blogs to e-reader-enabled devices and its size made it ideal for newspaper and magazine format. Skiff supplied e-content that seeks to retain the look and feel of publishers’ brands consistently across different devices and screen sizes, while also allowing publishers to sell ads directly into their e-publications.

The Skiff did not survive the sale to News Corp, who bought the software but not the device itself.

Hearst Communications
Hearst Corporation, Hearst Holdings Inc. and Hearst Communications Inc. is an American multinational mass media and business information conglomerate owned by the Hearst family and based in Hearst Tower in Midtown Manhattan in New York City.

Hearst owns newspapers, magazines, television channels, and television stations, including the Albany Times-Union, Houston Chronicle, Austin American-Statesman, San Francisco Chronicle, Cosmopolitan and Esquire. It owns 50 percent of the A&E Global Media cable network group and 18 percent of the sports television company ESPN Inc. The conglomerate also owns Fitch Group and First Databank.

The company was founded by William Randolph Hearst, a newspaper owner who was most well known for his use of yellow journalism. The Hearst family remains involved in its ownership and management.
Corinna S. Schindler
Corinna S. Schindler is a professor of chemistry at the University of Michigan. She develops catalytic reactions with environmentally benign metals such as iron, towards the synthesis of biologically active small molecules. For her research in the development of new catalysts, Schindler has been honored with several early-career researcher awards including the David and Lucile Packard Foundation Fellowship in 2016, the Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship in 2017, and being named a member of the C&EN Talented 12 in 2017. Schindler has served on the Editorial Board of Organic and Bimolecular Chemistry since 2018.

Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry
Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of organic chemistry, including organic aspects of chemical biology, medicinal chemistry, natural product chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, macromolecular chemistry, theoretical chemistry, and catalysis. It is published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. Its predecessor journals were Perkin Transactions I and Perkin Transactions II. The Executive Editor is Richard Kelly.
1986–87 Bucknell Bison men's basketball team
The 1986–87 Bucknell Bison men's basketball team represented Bucknell University during the 1986–87 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Bison, led by head coach Charles Woollum, played their home games at Davis Gym and were members of the East Coast Conference. They finished the season 22–9, 11–3 in Patriot League play to be crowned regular season champions. They were also champions of the ECC tournament to earn an automatic bid to the 1987 NCAA tournament – the first NCAA Tournament appearance in school history – where they lost in the first round to No. 1 seed Georgetown, 75–53.

1986–87 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team
The 1986–87 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team represented Georgetown University in the 1986–87 NCAA Division I college basketball season. John Thompson, coached them in his 15th season as head coach. They played their home games at the Capital Centre in Landover, Maryland. They were members of the Big East Conference and finished the season with a record of 29–5, 12–4 in Big East play. They shared the conference regular season championship with Pittsburgh and Syracuse and won the 1987 Big East men's basketball tournament, defeating Syracuse in the final game for the fifth Big East tournament championship in Georgetown men's basketball history. They advanced to the East Region final of the 1987 NCAA tournament before losing to Providence. Nicknamed "Reggie and the Miracles", the team was ranked No. 4 in the season's final Associated Press Poll and Coaches' Poll.
Cooperative banking in Poland
The history of cooperative banking in Poland goes back to the late 1850s, and has mirrored the changing fortunes of the territories that now form Poland. Its origins go back to the third quarter of the 19th century in the Polish territories that were then respectively ruled by the Habsburg monarchy, Prussia and the German Empire, and the Russian Empire. Cooperative banks then largely coalesced into a single national system in the interwar period, but suffered heavily during World War II and the early period of the subsequent Communist regime. Nevertheless, the sector displayed long-term resilience and adapted to the conditions of the post-Communist transition. As of the mid-2020s it is dominated by two nationwide cooperative banking networks, the BPS Group and SGB Group.

Brodnica
Brodnica [brɔdˈɲit͡sa] ⓘ (German: Strasburg) is a town in northern Poland with 28,574 inhabitants as of 2014. It is the seat of Brodnica County in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. The nearby Brodnica Landscape Park, a protected area, gets its name from Brodnica.

Founded in the Middle Ages by the Teutonic Order, Brodnica is a former royal town of Poland. It features heritage sites in a variety of styles, including Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical. Landmarks include medieval towers, gates and churches, preserved market squares, and a regional museum. Brodnica is the home of the oldest continuously operating Polish bank, and was the place of a Polish victory over invadings Russians in 1920.
Brewcity Bruisers
The Brewcity Bruisers is a women's flat-track roller derby league based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Founded in 2005, the league played their twentieth season in 2025. The Bruisers are a member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA).

Roller derby
Roller derby is a roller skating contact sport played on an oval track by two teams of five skaters. It is played by approximately 1,250 amateur leagues worldwide, though it is most popular in the United States.

A 60-minute roller derby game, or bout, is a series of two-minute timed jams.  Each team, typically with a roster of 15, fields five skaters during each jam: one jammer, designated with a star on their helmet, and four blockers. During each jam, players skate counterclockwise on a circuit track. The jammer scores a point for each opposing blocker they lap. The blockers simultaneously defend by hindering the opposing jammer, while also playing offense by maneuvering to aid their own jammer. Because roller derby uses a penalty box, power jams, in which one team has a temporary numerical advantage after a foul, can have a major effect on scoring.
August 1992 Şırnak Clashes
August 1992 Şırnak Clashes were a series of clashes that broke out in the city of Şırnak between Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and Turkish security forces from 18 to 21 August 1992, after PKK members had built barricades and attacked the District Gendarmerie Command's building with rockets and mortars. During this battle over 20,000 of Şırnak's 25,000 inhabitants fled the town due to the violence. A total of 107 people were killed, including 85 rebels and 22 civilians.

The clashes started when a large force of PKK rebels attacked government buildings in Şırnak on the night of 18 August, and security forces responded by shelling and firing on rebel positions. Following the battle, a curfew was imposed in the town.

Similar operations were later launched in the towns of Kulp in Diyarbakır Province on 3 October 1992, and Varto in Muş Province on 17 September 1996.

Muş Province
Muş Province (Turkish: Muş ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Mûşê; Armenian: Մուշի մարզ, romanized: Mushi marz) is a province in the east Anatolia region of Turkey (Türkiye). Its area is 8,718 km2, and its population is 399,202 (2022), down from 453,654 in 2000. The provincial capital is the city of Muş. Another town in Muş province, Malazgirt (Manzikert), is famous for the Battle of Manzikert of 1071.

The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority.
Choi Jae-seo
Choi Jae-seo (Korean: 최재서; Hanja: 崔載瑞; 11 February 1908 – 16 November 1964) was a South Korean literary scholar, a critic of English literature, and a novelist. He graduated from Keijō Imperial University (currently Seoul National University), received his M.A. from this University, and later taught at Yonsei University. As editor-in-chief of the literary magazine Humanities Review, he was a forerunner of progressive literary criticism. Although he later presided over pro-Japanese literary journals under pressure from the ruling Japanese, he undoubtedly remains an important figure in Korean modernism of the 1930s.

Herbert Read
Sir Herbert Edward Read, DSO, MC (/riːd/; 4 December 1893 – 12 June 1968) was an English art historian, poet, literary critic and philosopher, best known for numerous books on art, which included influential volumes on the role of art in education. Read was co-founder of the Institute of Contemporary Arts. As well as being a prominent English anarchist, he was one of the earliest English writers to take notice of existentialism. He was co-editor with Michael Fordham and Gerhard Adler of the British edition in English of The Collected Works of C. G. Jung.

He was a professor of fine art at Edinburgh University from 1931 to 1933, a lecturer in art at the University of Liverpool (1935-36), Leon Fellow at University of London (1940-42), and Charles Eliot Norton Professor of Poetry at Harvard University (1953-54).
Olga Fischer
Olga Fischer (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɔlɣaː ˈfɪɕər]; born 5 April 1951) is a Dutch linguist and an expert on the English language. She is Professor Emerita of Germanic Linguistics at the University of Amsterdam and former president of the  International Society for the Linguistics of English.

Fischer has published extensively in the area of English historical linguistics, especially historical syntax, where her interests in syntactic change relate to changes in word order, comparison with developments in other West Germanic languages, grammaticalization, and the interaction between grammaticalization and iconicity in language change.

Syntax
In linguistics, syntax (/ˈsɪntæks/ SIN-taks) is the study of how words and morphemes well-formed combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns with syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning (semantics). Diverse approaches, such as generative grammar and functional grammar, offer unique perspectives on syntax, reflecting its complexity and centrality to understanding human language.
Garm Bit-e Bala
Garm Bit-e Bala (Persian: گرم بيت بالا, also Romanized as Garm Bīt-e Bālā) is a village in Bahu Kalat Rural District, Dashtiari District, Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 828, in 176 families.

Bahu Kalat Rural District
Bahu Kalat Rural District (Persian: دهستان باهوكلات) is in Bahu Kalat District of Dashtiari County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Dempak Bazar. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Bahu Kalat.
Parrow (wrestler)
Michael Parrow (born February 9, 1982), better known mononymously by his ring name Parrow, is an American professional wrestler who is currently working as a freelancer on the independent circuit. He is best known for his tenures with various promotions such as Full Impact Pro (FIP), National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) and All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW).

World Xtreme Wrestling
World Xtreme Wrestling (WXW) was a Florida-based independent professional wrestling promotion which has held events across the United States and toured in Japan, the Middle East and South Pacific region including American Samoa and Guam.

The promotion is associated with Afa Anoa'i's Wild Samoan Pro Wrestling Training Center in Minneola, Florida, and students who have competed for the promotion include Batista, Chris Kanyon, Billy Kidman, Gene Snitsky and cousins Jamal (known as Umaga) and Rosey of Three Minute Warning. Court Bauer, who would later become a member of the WWE creative team, was a booker for the promotion during the mid-1990s.

The promotion features in the film The Wrestler, where Mickey Rourke's character "Randy 'The Ram' Robinson" wrestles Tommy Rotten (portrayed by WXW wrestler Tommy Suede).
All Printing Bureau Labour Union
The All Printing Bureau Labour Union (PLU, Japanese: 全印刷局労働組合, Zen Insatsu) is a trade union representing workers in the printing industry in Japan.

The union was founded on 1 April 1947, with the merger of several recently founded company unions.  It was later affiliated with the General Council of Trade Unions of Japan, and by 1958 it had 7,340 members, all working at what became the National Printing Bureau.  By the late 1980s, it became affiliated with the Japanese Trade Union Confederation, but by 2020 its membership had fallen to 4,060.

National Printing Bureau
National Printing Bureau (独立行政法人国立印刷局, Dokuritsu gyōsei hōjin Kokuritsu Insatsu-kyoku) (NPB) is a Japanese governmental agency in charge of the production of Japanese paper money, Japanese yen. It also produces various other products, such as postage stamps and the official governmental gazette.
Megelli Motorcycles
Megelli Motorcycles was a British motorcycle manufacturer, which made its debut at the Milan EICMA exhibition in November 2007.

Megelli motorcycles was founded by the managing director of Sports and Leisure Direct UK Ltd, Barry Hall, who previously specialised in off-road Aeon all-terrain vehicles, mini bikes and pit bikes. The Megelli range is currently sold in 37 countries in Europe, Asia, Australia, Africa, North America and South America.

Megelli's manufacturing agreement with Huansong Industries (group) Co Limited Hsun ended on 31 December 2013.

Minibike
A minibike is a two-wheeled, motorized, off-highway recreational vehicle popularized in the 1960s and 1970s, but available continuously from a wide variety of manufacturers since 1959. Their off-highway nature and (in many countries) typically entirely off-road legal status differentiate minibikes from motorcycles and mopeds, and their miniature size differentiates them from dirt bikes.

Traditionally, minibikes have a four-stroke, horizontal crankshaft engine, single- or two-speed centrifugal clutch transmissions with chain final-drive, 100 or 150 mm (4 or 6 in) wheels and a low frame/seat height with elevated handlebars. Commercially available minibikes are usually equipped with small engines commonly found elsewhere on utilitarian equipment such as garden tillers.
John Hope (Australian politician)
John Hope (23 July 1842 – 12 May 1926) was a Scottish-born Tasmanian politician.

He was born in Aberdeen. In 1900 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as the member for Devonport. He transferred to Kentish in 1903 and in 1909, with the introduction of proportional representation, he was elected as an Anti-Socialist member for the seat of Wilmot. In 1911 he resigned from the House of Assembly to successfully contest the Legislative Council seat of Meander. He served as Chair of Committees from 1921 until his death in Sheffield in 1926.

Electoral district of Devonport
The electoral district of Devonport was a single-member electoral district of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. It was based at the town of Devonport on Tasmania's north coast.

The seat was created in a redistribution ahead of the 1897 election out of the abolished seat of East Devon. It was itself abolished when the Tasmanian parliament adopted the Hare-Clark electoral model in 1909. The circumstances of its first two by-elections were initiated when the member for Devonport, John Henry, resigned. At the resulting by-election on 21 June 1898, Ministerial candidate William Aikenhead was elected. However, the election was declared void. In October 1898, the Ministerial member for neighbouring Latrobe, Henry Murray, resigned to contest the resulting Devonport by-election (held on 25 October 1898), whilst Aikenhead contested the now-vacant seat of Latrobe at a by-election on 15 October 1898. Both were successful.
Karveer Mahatmya
Karveer Mahatmya is a religious/mythological scripture containing stories about the religious place Karvir, which is the present day city of Kolhapur in the state of Maharashtra in India.

The text is a work of modern era and is known to be narration of Sage Agastya, from his travels to Karvir, which is also known as 'Dakshin Kashi' or the Kashi of the South. It describes the places of pilgrimage and religious significance around Karvir. It also narrates the story of the war between goddess Amba (Mahalakshmi) and demon Kolhasur. The other characters in this story are god Bhairava or Kedarnath or Jyotirlinga, goddess Tryamboli, goddess Katyayani, demon Raktabeej and demon Raktasur. It has 72 'Adhyayas' (i.e. chapters) and over 5500 Ovi (i.e. lines).

Jyotirlinga
A Jyotirlinga (transl. lingam of light) or Jyotirlingam is a devotional representation of the Hindu god Shiva. The word is a Sanskrit compound of jyotis ('radiance') and linga ('sign'). The Śiva Mahāpurāṇam (also Shiva Purana) mentions 64 original jyotirlinga shrines in India.
Athletics at the 2008 Summer Paralympics – Men's javelin throw F57–58
The men's javelin F57/58 event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics took place at the Beijing National Stadium at 09:00 on 16 September. There was a single round of competition; after the first three throws, only the top eight had 3 further throws.
The competition was won by Mohammadreza Mirzaei Jaberi, representing Iran.

Mohammad Reza Mirzaei
Mohammad Reza Mirzaei Jaberi is a retired Paralympian athlete from Iran competing mainly in category F57 javelin events.

Mohammad Reza has competed in four Paralympics and has won the javelin in all four.  His first Paralympics came in Atlanta in 1996 where he won the F56 class, in 2000 and 2004 he won the F57 class then in Beijing in 2008 he won the combined F57/58 class. In 2021, a bust of Jaberi (and eight other Olympic medalists) was unveiled at the Tehran hall of fame.
Lucius Domitius Paris
Paris was a slave of Domitia Lepida Minor who became wealthy enough to buy his freedom from her, adding her nomen to his own name to make his citizen name Lucius Domitius Paris. In return, she influenced him via Atimetus (another of her freedmen) to use his favour with Nero himself to convince him of her fabrication that his influential and popular mother Agrippina was plotting to depose him.

However, Paris stood so high in the theatre-loving Nero's favour that, even when the plot failed, he alone among the conspirators was not punished and was even declared freeborn (ingenuus) by the emperor soon afterwards, forcing Domitia to hand back the sum she had accepted to free him. However, Nero later saw Paris as a rival actor to himself, and in AD 67, displeased that Paris had refused to teach him the art of miming, had him put to death.

Nomen gentilicium
The nomen gentilicium (Latin pronunciation: [ɡɛntiːˈlikiũ]; or simply nomen) was a hereditary name borne by the peoples of Roman Italy and later by the citizens of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. It was originally the name of one's gens (family or clan) by patrilineal descent. However, as Rome expanded its frontiers and non-Roman peoples were progressively granted citizenship and concomitant nomen, the latter lost its value in indicating patrilineal ancestry.

For men, the nomen was the middle of the tria nomina ("three names"), after the praenomen and before the cognomen. For women, the nomen was often the only name used until the late Republic. For example, three members of gens Julia were Gaius Julius Caesar and his sisters Julia Major and Julia Minor ("Julia the elder" and "Julia the younger").