hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dikaiophylax
The dikaiophylax (Greek: δικαιοφύλαξ, "guardian of the laws") was a Byzantine judicial office of the 11th–15th centuries.

The title is first attested in the middle of the 11th century, both in Constantinople and the provinces. Its holders dealt with ecclesiastical cases and had to combine knowledge of civil law and canon law. Initially, the office was given to both lay and ecclesiastical officials, but from the reign of Michael VIII Palaiologos (r. 1259–1282) it was only given to churchmen.

The most notable holder was Theodore Skoutariotes, who was appointed after the reconquest of Constantinople by Michael VIII. From Skoutariotes on, all dikaiophylakes combined the office with one of the positions reserved for the exokatakoiloi and were counted among the latter.

Reconquest of Constantinople
The Reconquest of Constantinople was the recapture of the city of Constantinople in 1261 AD from the Latin Empire by Nicaean forces led by the general Alexios Strategopoulos. The reconquest of the city lead to the re-establishment of the Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty after an interval of 57 years, during which Constantinople had been the capital of the Latin Empire, a crusader state installed by Latin forces of the Fourth Crusade following the sack of Constantinople in 1204.

The recapture of Constantinople ended more than a half century of occupation by the Latin Empire over the Byzantine capital. The reconstituted Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologoi would go on to hold the city successfully for nearly two more centuries, until its fall to the Ottoman Turks in 1453.
MacLean & MacLean
MacLean & MacLean were a Canadian musical comedy duo. They performed regularly in Canada between 1972 and 1998 and recorded seven albums. The duo consisted of brothers Gary MacLean (1944–2001) and Blair MacLean (1942–2008). The MacLeans were originally from Glace Bay, Nova Scotia, but were later based in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

MacLean & MacLean were best known for their often scatological humour, which was combined with (usually humorous) renditions of folk and popular songs, with Blair playing guitar and Gary playing banjo and bongo drums. The duo began performing in 1972 and during their career played the Commodore Ballroom in Vancouver, British Columbia, the 1983 Just for Laughs festival in Montreal, Quebec, and the Edinburgh Festival Fringe.

In 1974, the pair were asked to leave a tour because of the offensive content of their show.

Glace Bay
Glace Bay is a community in the eastern part of the Cape Breton Regional Municipality in Nova Scotia, Canada.  It forms part of the general area referred to as Industrial Cape Breton.

Formerly an incorporated town (1901–1995), the municipal government in Glace Bay was dissolved and the community was amalgamated into the larger regional municipality. Prior to amalgamation, Glace Bay had been the province's fourth largest urban area and the largest town in Nova Scotia by population.

Neighbouring communities include Reserve Mines, Dominion, and Tower Road.
Gianluca Pozzatti
Gianluca Pozzatti (born 22 July 1993) is an Italian triathlete. During 2020 Summer Olympics held in Tokyo, he competed in the men's event and in the mixed relay event.

During 2024 Summer Olympics held in Paris, he competed in the men's event.

Triathlon at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's
The men's triathlon at the 2024 Summer Olympics took place on 31 July 2024. Alex Yee of Great Britain won the gold medal, with Hayden Wilde of New Zealand and Léo Bergère of France taking silver and bronze, respectively. Kristian Blummenfelt of Norway, the gold medallist at the 2020 Olympics, finishes in 12th place, failing to defend his gold medal. All three of the 2020 Olympic men's individual medallists - Yee, Wilde and Blummenfelt, took part in the event.

The event was initially scheduled to be held on 30 July, but was postponed for a day due to the water quality of the Seine river.
1967 Wimbledon Championships – Men's doubles
Ken Fletcher and John Newcombe were the defending champions, but decided not to compete together. Newcome partnered with Tony Roche but lost in the quarterfinals to Peter Curtis and Graham Stilwell.

Bob Hewitt and Frew McMillan defeated Fletcher and his partner Roy Emerson in the final, 6–2, 6–3, 6–4 to win the gentlemen's doubles tennis title at the 1967 Wimbledon Championship.

John Newcombe
John David Newcombe AO OBE (born 23 May 1944) is an Australian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in both men's singles and men's doubles. Newcombe won a combined 26 major titles: seven in singles, a former record 17 in men's doubles, and two in mixed doubles. He also contributed to five Davis Cup titles for Australia during an age when the Davis Cup was deemed as significant as the majors.
Melchior of Brunswick-Grubenhagen
Melchior of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (died 1381 or 1384) was a German aristocrat, prince-bishop of Osnabrück from 1369, and then prince-bishop of Schwerin from 1376 to 1381.

He was the son of Henry II, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen.

Diocese and prince-bishopric of Schwerin
The Diocese and Prince-bishopric of Schwerin was a Catholic diocese in Schwerin, Mecklenburg, in Germany. The first registered bishop was ordained in the diocese in 1053, and the diocese ceased to exist in 1994.
Precession electron diffraction
Precession electron diffraction (PED) is a specialized method to collect electron diffraction patterns in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). By rotating  (precessing) a tilted incident electron beam around the central axis of the microscope, a PED pattern is formed by integration over a collection of diffraction conditions. This produces a quasi-kinematical diffraction pattern that is more suitable as input into direct methods algorithms to determine the crystal structure of the sample.

Multislice
The multislice algorithm is a method for the simulation of the elastic scattering of an electron beam with matter, including all multiple scattering effects. The method is reviewed in the book by John M. Cowley, and also the work by Ishizuka. The algorithm is used in the simulation of high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM) micrographs, and serves as a useful tool for analyzing experimental images. This article describes some relevant background information, the theoretical basis of the technique, approximations used, and several software packages that implement this technique. Some of the advantages and limitations of the technique and important considerations that need to be taken into account are described.
Benei Sión
Benei Sión, also known as Sabatarios and Cabañistas in Chile, are an ethno-religious group that believe in the Iglesia del Nuevo Pacto (Church of the New Pact). The group originated in Chile where it had by 1994 around 6000 members but is present since the early 1950s in Argentina via chain migration where it had 3000 members by 1994. It has been proposed that the group derives from Crypto-Jews active in colonial Chile. While originating in the Araucanía Region of Chile the group deny to be Mapuche (Araucanian). One leader has been quoted saying "We are Jews and that's how we feel, because we have the same aspirations as the Jewish people".

Araucanía (historic region)
Araucanía or Araucana  was the Spanish name given to the region of Chile inhabited by the Mapuche peoples known as the Moluche (also known as Araucanos by the Spanish) in the 18th century. Prior to the Spanish conquest of Chile, the lands of the Moluche lay between the Itata River and Toltén River.
Chananian
Chananian is a village opposite to Leepa Valley in Hattian Bala District of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It is located 103 kilometers (64 mi) from Muzaffarabad and 36 kilometers (22 mi) from Reshian at an altitude of 2,226 meters (7,303 ft).  Situated  at the height of 2,226 metres (7,303 ft) near the Line of Control, there are thick pine forests surrounding the village.

Hattian Bala District
Hattian Bala District (Urdu: ضلع ہٹیاں بالا) is a district of Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir, which along with the Indian-administered Kashmir is part of the disputed Kashmir region. The town of Hattian Bala is where the district headquarters are located. The Hattian Bala District was a part of the Muzaffarabad District until 2009 when it was made a separate district.
World Chess Championship 2014
The World Chess Championship 2014 was a match between the world champion Magnus Carlsen and challenger Viswanathan Anand, to determine the World Chess Champion. It was held from 7 to 25 November 2014, under the auspices of the World Chess Federation (FIDE) in Sochi, Russia.

The match was decided after eleven of twelve scheduled games. On 23 November 2014 Carlsen retained his title, winning three games, losing one and drawing seven.

Queen's Gambit Declined
The Queen's Gambit Declined (or QGD) is a chess opening in which Black declines a pawn offered by White in the Queen's Gambit:

1. d4 d5

2. c4 e6

This is known as the Orthodox Line of the Queen's Gambit Declined. When the "Queen's Gambit Declined" is mentioned, it is usually assumed to be referring to the Orthodox Line; see "Other second moves for Black" below for other moves.

The most common continuation is 3.Nc3 Nf6 (covered by ECO codes D35–D69), after which White may continue with 4.Bg5, leading to the traditional line, 4.cxd5, the Exchange Variation, and 4.Nf3, the Three Knights Variation.

The Orthodox Line can be reached by a number of different move orders, such as 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 (avoiding the Nimzo-Indian Defense) d5; 1.d4 e6 2.c4 d5; 1.c4 e6 2.Nc3 d5 3.d4; 1.Nf3 d5 2.c4 e6 3.d4; and so on. Of the 34 games played in the 1927 World Championship between Alexander Alekhine and José Raúl Capablanca, all except the first and third began with the Queen's Gambit Declined.
18 Hronia Live
18 Hronia Live (Greek: 18 Χρόνια Live; English: 18 Years Live), also referred to as 18XL, is a live album by popular Greek singer Katy Garbi recorded and released in 2007 by Sony BMG Greece. The album is her first live album; a double disk compilation of songs performed during a special charity concert held in Egaleo, Greece.

A Gold certification was awarded on March 11, 2008 at an elaborate party, whose attendance included many of Garbi's longtime collaborators and fellow singers.

Sony BMG
Sony BMG Music Entertainment was an American record company owned as a 50–50 joint venture between Sony Corporation of America and Bertelsmann. The venture's successor, the revived Sony Music, is wholly owned by Sony, following their buyout of the remaining 50% held by Bertelsmann. BMG was instead rebuilt as BMG Rights Management on the basis of the remaining 200 artists.
Hereford, Hay and Brecon Railway
The Hereford, Hay and Brecon Railway (HH&BR) was a railway company that built a line between Hereford in England and a junction with the Mid-Wales Railway at Three Cocks Junction. It opened its line in stages from 1862 to 1864. It never had enough money to operate properly, but the Midland Railway saw it as a means of reaching Swansea, and from 1869 the Midland Railway was given exclusive running powers over the HH&BR. There was then a long-running dispute over whether the Midland inherited rights of access previously granted to the HH&BR.

Although the Midland used the route for goods access to and from Swansea, the line was never developed as a trunk route. As a rural line it failed to achieve commercial success and in 1962 the passenger service was withdrawn, followed by total closure in 1964.

Hereford
Hereford (/ˈhɛrɪfərd/ ⓘ HERR-if-ərd) is a cathedral city and the county town of the ceremonial county of Herefordshire, England. It is on the banks of the River Wye and lies 16 miles (26 km) east of the border with Wales, 23 miles (37 km) north-west of Gloucester and 24 miles (39 km) south-west of Worcester. With a population of 61,900 in 2024, it is the largest settlement in Herefordshire.

An early town charter from 1189, granted by Richard I of England, describes it as "Hereford in Wales". Hereford has been recognised as a city since time immemorial, with the status being reconfirmed in October 2000. Hereford has been a civil parish since 2000.

Products from Hereford include cider, beer, leather goods, nickel alloys, poultry, chemicals and sausage rolls, as well as the Hereford breed of cattle.
Chernikov
Chernikov (masculine, Russian: Черников) or Chernikova (feminine, Russian: Черникова) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Chernikov (disambiguation), multiple people

Alexander Chernikov (born 1984), Russian ice hockey player

Sergei Nikolaevich Chernikov (1912–1987), Russian mathematician

Valentin Chernikov (1937–2002), Soviet fencer

Nikolay Chernikov (born 1961), Pioneer of Forex Trading in USSR

Yakov Chernikhov, Soviet architect

Valentin Chernikov
Valentin Chernikov (Armenian: Վալենտին Չեռնիկով, 1 April 1937, Yerevan – 5 January 2002, Nizhny Novgorod) was a Soviet Olympic fencer. He won a bronze medal in the team épée event at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He also won the gold medal at the 1961 World Fencing Championships in the team épée.
Aleksander Spivakovsky
Aleksander Spivakovsky (Ukrainian: Олександр Співаковський, romanized: Oleksandr Spivakovskyi) is a Ukrainian academic administrator and mathematician. He is the rector of Kherson State University and a professor and chair of informatics, software engineering, and economic cybernetics. On October 21, 2016, Spivakovsky was elected an academician and corresponding member of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine.

Kherson State University
The Kherson State University is one of the oldest state-sponsored universities in southern Ukraine, and acts as a centre of educational, scientific, pedagogical, and cultural activities.

As of 2024, Kherson State University is attended by approximately 8000 students from 23 regions of Ukraine and other CIS countries. Its faculty and staff include 18 academicians, various members of Ukrainian and foreign academies of science, 68 professors, 234 senior lecturers, 650 post-graduate students, and about 1000 lecturers and employees. Kherson State conducts scientific-educational work with institutes of higher education located in Kyiv, Odessa, and the Crimea. Its campus contains 4 educational buildings and laboratories, agricultural and biological research stations, a library, recreation zones on the Dnipro bank and on the Black Sea shore, a students' café, a students' club, a sports club, an observatory, three gymnasiums, two conference halls, and an agricultural machinery building.
Barnhill & McGee Airways
Barnhill & McGee Airways, one of the earliest air services in Alaska, was founded in Anchorage as a partnership between Harvey W. Barnhill and Linious "Mac" McGee in 1932. The airline served McGee’s fur business and offered service between Anchorage and Bristol Bay. Although Barnhill & McGee Airways lasted for only two years, it was the forerunner of McGee Airways which was the forerunner of Alaska Airlines.

Archie Satterfield
Archie Satterfield (June 18, 1933 – November 21, 2011) was a Seattle-based author and journalist.

Satterfield was born and raised in the Missouri Ozarks.  He joined the American Navy in 1952 and later graduated with an English degree from the University of Washington.  He worked as a journalist for various newspapers, including Seaside Signal, Longview Daily News, Seattle Times, and the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, before starting his own magazine, Northwest Edition, in 1980.  In 1987 he became a full-time freelance writer, penning corporate histories for Alaska Airlines, Crescent Foods, Darigold, and Tillamook Cheese.  He also authored 40 books on history and travel, many of which covered Alaska and the Pacific Northwest.
Maris Rõngelep
Maris Rõngelep (since 2017 Niit; born 17 March 1984) is an Estonian athletics competitor.

She was born in present-day Rae Parish, Harju County. In 2000-2003, she studied at Audentes Sports Gymnasium.

She began athletics training in 1997, coached by Ando Algre. She focused on hammer throw. She has competed at the European Athletics Championships. She is multiple-times Estonian champion in hammer throw. 2003–2012 she was a member of Estonian national athletics team.

Rae Parish
Rae Parish (Estonian: Rae vald) is a rural municipality in northern Estonia. It is a part of Harju County. The municipality has a population of 23,145 (as of 31 December 2022) and covers an area of 206.7 km². The population density is 111.974/km2 (290.01/sq mi).
The Headies Award for Producer of the Year
The Headies Award for Producer of the Year is an award presented at The Headies, a ceremony that was established in 2006 and originally called the Hip Hop World Awards. It was first presented to Don Jazzy in 2006.

Don Jazzy
Michael Collins Ajereh (born 26 November 1982), known professionally as Don Jazzy, is a Nigerian music executive, record producer, singer, songwriter, businessman, and philanthropist. He founded the record label Mavin Records in 2012, as a subsidiary of Mavin Global Holdings, through which he has signed artists including Rema, Ayra Starr, Magixx, Bayanni, Johnny Drille, Ladipoe, Lifesize Teddy, DJ Big N, and Boy Spyce. He co-founded Mo' Hits Records with D'banj in 2004, and was an in-house producer for Kanye West's GOOD Music from 2011 to 2013.
Brian Royal
Brian Royal (born 12 December 1961) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Footscray Football Club (Western Bulldogs) in the Australian Football League (AFL).

In his first year for the Bulldogs, Royal won the Charles Sutton Medal, the Club's Best and Fairest award and went on to have an extremely distinguished career. Royal represented his state on seven occasions and was an All-Australian representative. His career came to an abrupt end on 199 games and 299 goals due to a ruptured Achilles tendon against Essendon late in the 1993 season.

Royal went on to enjoy a long career in coaching at AFL level, as a highly regarded assistant coach at several clubs, including Melbourne, St Kilda, Richmond and the Western Bulldogs – the last two with Terry Wallace as senior coach.

Royal is now coaching in the Victorian Amateur Football Association (VAFA), for the Beaumaris Football Club.

Achilles tendon
The Achilles tendon, or the heel cord, also known as the calcaneal tendon, is a tendon at the back of the lower leg, and is the thickest in the human body. It serves to attach the plantaris, gastrocnemius (calf) and soleus muscles to the calcaneus (heel) bone. These muscles, acting via the tendon, cause plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle joint, and (except the soleus) flexion at the knee.

Abnormalities of the Achilles tendon include inflammation (Achilles tendinitis), degeneration, rupture, and becoming embedded with cholesterol deposits (xanthomas).

The Achilles tendon was named in 1693 after the Greek hero Achilles.
Pogonopus (plant)
Pogonopus is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Rubiaceae.

Its native range is Tropical America.

Species:

Pogonopus exsertus (Oerst.) Oerst.

Pogonopus speciosus (Jacq.) K.Schum.

Pogonopus tubulosus (A.Rich. ex DC.) K.Schum.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Madukkur
Madukkur is a town in Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu, India, that falls into Class IV of a "town panchayat". In a 2001 census, its total population amounted to 16,273. The town has 5 primary schools, 3 middle schools, and 2 higher secondary schools. The town has a weekly market which is opened every Tuesday, and on festivals, it serves as a retailing place for its nearby villages. The town's primary occupation is agriculture, with its water irrigating from Kalyanavodai River.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
McGoldrick
McGoldrick is a surname of Irish origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Barry McGoldrick (born 1985), Irish Gaelic footballer

David McGoldrick (born 1987), English-born Irish footballer

Eddie McGoldrick (born 1965), English-born Irish footballer and manager

Jackson McGoldrick (born 1997), American drag queen, dancer and photographer, also known as Jax

Jake McGoldrick, American council member

Joseph McGoldrick (1901–1978), American politician, lawyer, and professor

Kevin McGoldrick (born 1972), Scottish footballer

Michael McGoldrick (born 1965), Northern Irish murder victim

Michael McGoldrick (born 1971), English folk musician

Patrick McGoldrick (1865–1939), Irish politician

Ryan McGoldrick (born 1981), Australian rugby league player

Sean Leo McGoldrick (born 1987), Irish Gaelic footballer

Sean McGoldrick (born 1991), Welsh boxer

Tom McGoldrick (1929–2018), English footballer

Kevin McGoldrick
Kevin McGoldrick (born 12 May 1972) is a Scottish football coach and former player who is Head of Football Operations at Kirkintilloch Rob Roy. As a player, he played as a left winger in the Scottish League for Queen's Park, East Stirlingshire and Morton.
Cima del Baus
Cima del Baus (French: Cime de Baus) is a mountain in the Maritime Alps. It is located in the upper Gesso Valley and is part of the Argentera massif. It lies entirely within Italian territory, on the border between the municipalities of Entracque and Valdieri.

Entracque
Entracque is a small town in the Valle Gesso of the Maritime Alps of north-west Italy, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Cuneo and close to the French border. It is the principal settlement and capoluogo of the comune or municipality of the same name (population 855) in the Piedmontese Province of Cuneo.

At the time of the 2001 census over 90 percent of the then 848 inhabitants of the comune were found in Entracque itself. The remaining 68 were dispersed among 11 hamlets, none of which had more than 13 inhabitants, or lived in isolated dwellings.

Entracque borders the following municipalities: Belvédère (France), La Brigue (France), Limone Piemonte, Roaschia, Saint-Martin-Vésubie (France), Valdieri, and Vernante.

The comune is the site of the Entracque Power Plant, one of the biggest hydroelectric power stations in Italy.