hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nu-West
Nu-West Group Ltd. was a Canadian growth-oriented house building company that grew into an internationally diversified conglomerate.

In 1957 Nu-West Homes was a small, privately owned, house-building company operating in Calgary, Alberta. In 1969, Nu-West Homes Ltd. became a publicly traded company and was listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange. By 1981 Nu-West Group Ltd. had become the largest house-building company in Canada, with diversified asset holdings of $1.9 billion, and over 3,700 employees. The company was heavily leveraged with debt used to purchase vast holdings of real estate throughout Canada and the United States. This debt, combined with the recession of the early 1980s that saw land values tumble, resulted in Nu-West losing its place of dominance in the industry.

Toronto Stock Exchange
The Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX; French: Bourse de Toronto) is a stock exchange located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is the 10th largest exchange in the world and the third largest in North America by market capitalization. Based in the EY Tower in Toronto's Financial District, the TSX is a wholly owned subsidiary of the TMX Group for the trading of senior equities.
William Sanders (politician)
Captain William Stephen Sanders CBE (2 January 1871 – 6 February 1941) was a British Labour Party politician.

Sanders married Beatrice Martin, who later became a prominent suffragette. Both were active members of the Union of Ethical Societies (now Humanists UK), with Sanders writing and lecturing widely on its behalf, and acting as chair of the Council.

Sanders unsuccessfully contested Portsmouth in 1906 and in January 1910. He was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Battersea North at the 1929 general election and served as Financial Secretary to the War Office from 1930 to 1931, but lost his seat in 1931. He was re-elected for Battersea North at the 1935 general election, and held the seat until his resignation from the House of Commons in 1940 by accepting the post of Steward of the Manor of Northstead, a notional office-of-profit under the crown.

Portsmouth (UK Parliament constituency)
Portsmouth was a borough constituency based upon the borough of Portsmouth in Hampshire.  It returned two members of parliament (MPs) to the Parliaments of England, Great Britain and from 1801 the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the bloc vote system.
Golden pebblesnail
The golden pebblesnail, scientific name Somatogyrus aureus, is a species of small freshwater snails with an operculum, aquatic gastropod molluscs or micromolluscs in the family Lithoglyphidae. This species is endemic to Alabama and Tennessee in the United States. Its natural habitat is the Tennessee River system, with the type locality being given as the Holston River.

The taxonomic status of S. aureus is unclear, as it is morphologically similar to other species.  However, if it is a valid species, it would be assessed as Critically Endangered (possibly extinct). Although the IUCN officially categorises the species as Data Deficient, it also considers it as Possibly extinct, as it has not been definitively recorded alive since the river was impounded in 1936. A purported finding from Marion County, Tennessee in 1997 has yet to be confirmed.

Marion County, Tennessee
Marion County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,837. Its county seat is Jasper. Marion County is part of the Chattanooga metropolitan area. Marion County is in the Central time zone, while Chattanooga proper is in the Eastern time zone.
Aish as-Saraya
Aish as-Saraya (Arabic: عيش السرايا, lit. 'palace bread', in Egypt it is shortened "عيش" "bread") is an Arab dessert eaten regularly in the Levant and Egypt, consisting of syrup-soaked breadcrumbs topped with clotted cream and pistachios, and contains neither eggs nor butter. It is popular in the Arab world.

Eggs as food
Humans and other hominids have consumed eggs for millions of years. The most widely consumed eggs are those of fowl, especially chickens. People in Southeast Asia began harvesting chicken eggs for food by 1500 BCE. Eggs of other birds, such as ducks and ostriches, are eaten regularly but much less commonly than those of chickens. People may also eat the eggs of reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Fish eggs consumed as food are known as roe or caviar.

Hens and other egg-laying creatures are raised throughout the world, and mass production of chicken eggs is a global industry. In 2009, an estimated 62.1 million metric tons of eggs were produced worldwide from a total laying flock of approximately 6.4 billion hens. There are issues of regional variation in demand and expectation, as well as current debates concerning methods of mass production. In 2012, the European Union banned battery husbandry of chickens.
Kehlmann
Kehlmann is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daniel Kehlmann (born 1975), Austrian/German author

Michael Kehlmann (1927–2005), Austrian film and theatre director, screenwriter and actor

Robert Kehlmann (born 1942) artist and writer

Michael Kehlmann
Michael Kehlmann (21 September 1927 – 1 December 2005) was an Austrian television film director and theatre director, screenwriter and actor.

During 1951–1953, Kehlmann was the manager of the "Kleines Theater im Konzerthaus", Vienna. He was awarded the J.-Kainz Medal in 1966, the Ehrenmedaille der Stadt Wien in 1966  and the Austrian Honorary Cross for Science and Art in 2002.

Kehlmann's television directing credits included Jack Mortimer,  Einen Jux will er sich machen, Geschichten aus dem Wienerwald, Radetzkymarsch, Hiob, and Tatort.

He was the father of writer Daniel Kehlmann.
Alcester–Bearley branch line
The Alcester–Bearley branch line was a 6+3⁄4-mile single-track branch railway line in Warwickshire, England. It was built by the Alcester Railway Company. It connected the manufacturing town of Alcester into the Great Western Railway network, opening in 1876.

Running through sparsely populated country, it was never commercially successful. During World War I it was closed and its track used in support of the war effort. During World War II it brought Coventry factory workers to a relocated manufacturing plant near the line when their own factory had been bombed.

The line closed in 1951.

Great Alne railway station
Great Alne Railway Station was a station in the village of Great Alne in Warwickshire on the Great Western Railway line from Alcester, Warwickshire to Bearley, Warwickshire.

The old railway station building, built on the Great Western Railway branch-line from Bearley to Alcester, opened in 1876  The line closed to passengers in 1917 only to reopen in 1922 but stopping again in 1939 for passenger use, apart from workers' trains to the nearby Castle Maudslay Motor Company's works from Coventry which ran from 1941 until 1944. The line closed completely in 1951 with lifting of the track taking place shortly afterwards,. Sections of the route still remain, however, as roads and footpaths, notably to Alcester. After closure it was converted to a residential building.
Landot noir
Landot noir is a red hybrid grape variety that is a crossing of Landal and Villard blanc. Created after a series of trials between 1929-1949, the grape was introduced to Canada and the United States in the 1950s and today can be found in Quebec as well as New Hampshire where a varietal is produced by Jewell Towne Vineyards.

In the 1970s, viticulturists at the University of Minnesota crossed Landot noir with a Vitis riparia vine that was growing wild near Jordan, Minnesota to create the hybrid grape variety Frontenac.

Vitis riparia
Vitis riparia Michx, with common names riverbank grape or frost grape, is a vine indigenous to North America. As a climbing or trailing vine, it is widely distributed across central and eastern Canada and the central and northeastern parts of the United States, from Quebec to Texas, and eastern Montana to Nova Scotia. There are reports of isolated populations in the northwestern USA, but these are probably naturalized. It is long-lived and capable of reaching into the upper canopy of the tallest trees. It produces dark fruit that are appealing to both birds and people, and has been used extensively in commercial viticulture as grafted rootstock and in hybrid grape breeding programs.

Riverbank grape is a translation of the scientific name Vitis riparia; rīpārius means 'of riverbanks' in Latin, deriving from rīpa 'riverbank'.
Elliott J. Rouse
Elliott J. Rouse is an American mechanical engineer, roboticist, and academic. He is an associate professor in the Departments of Robotics and Mechanical Engineering and Director of the Neurobionics Lab at the University of Michigan.

Rouse's research interests encompass precision machine design, exoskeletons/robotic prostheses development, brushless motors, human locomotion dynamics, perception, psychophysics, neural control of movement, biomechanics, and human performance augmentation. His work has been featured on platforms such as TED, Discovery Channel, CNN, National Public Radio, Wired Magazine UK, and Business Insider. He holds multiple patents for wearable robotic systems and has published in journals including Science Robotics, Nature Biomedical Engineering, IEEE Transactions on Mechatronics, and Nature. He is the recipient of the NSF CAREER Award, Departmental Faculty Award, and the Henry Russel Award.

Biomechanics
Biomechanics is the study of the structure, function and motion of the mechanical aspects of biological systems, at any level from whole organisms to organs, cells and cell organelles, and even proteins using the methods of mechanics. Biomechanics is a branch of biophysics.
Széchenyi István University
The Széchenyi István University (SZE), also known as the University of Győr, is a residential university established in 1968, and is described as a private institution having as its main campus a location on the Danube River, a short walk from the Győr, Hungary city centre. As of 2026, SZE had nine faculties serving in Győr, and at a second campus in  Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary. The university offers a variety of degrees through to the doctoral, with an emphasis on science, technology, and engineering, and it has a "strong commitment to internationali[s]ation" in its offering a large variety of English-taught programmes at all levels.

Audi Hungaria Kft has a collaborative program with SZE through its support of the "Audi Hungaria Faculty of Automotive Engineering", and as of 2026 had six professorships from pure through applied areas (e.g., materials science through automotive manufacturing), with Audi Hungaria staff being involved in research and teaching.

Automotive engineering
Automotive engineering, along with aerospace engineering and naval architecture, is a branch of vehicle engineering, incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software, and safety engineering as applied to the design, manufacture and operation of motorcycles, automobiles, and trucks and their respective engineering subsystems. It also includes modification of vehicles. Manufacturing domain deals with the creation and assembling the whole parts of automobiles is also included in it. The automotive engineering field is research intensive and involves direct application of mathematical models and formulas. The study of automotive engineering is to design, develop, fabricate, and test vehicles or vehicle components from the concept stage to production stage. Production, development, and manufacturing are the three major functions in this field.
Uttaranchal University
Uttaranchal University is a state private university located at Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India near Indian Military Academy. It was established by an Act of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly under Smt Shushila Devi education foundation.

Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly
The Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly, also known as the Uttarakhand Vidhan Sabha (formerly the Uttaranchal Legislative Assembly), is a unicameral governing and law making body of Uttarakhand, one of the 28 states of India. It is seated at Dehradun, the winter capital, and Gairsain, the summer capital of Uttarakhand. The total strength of the assembly is 71 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLA).

As of March 2022, Pushkar Singh Dhami is the current Chief Minister of Uttarakhand and Leader of the House in the 5th Vidhan Sabha. The Speaker of the Assembly is Ritu Khanduri Bhushan. Gurmit Singh is the current Governor of Uttarakhand.
Morton Frozen Foods
Morton Frozen Foods is the brand name of a now-discontinued line of frozen foods, including honey buns, jelly donuts, and pot pies,  that was distributed nationwide in the United States for almost 50 years.   It was ultimately acquired by ConAgra Foods.

Honey bun
A honey bun, or honeybun, is a fried yeast pastry that contains honey and a swirl of cinnamon in the dough and is glazed with icing. Unlike most sweet rolls, which are generally the product of bakeries, honey buns are common convenience store and vending machine fare made by companies like Little Debbie, Hostess and Duchess. Normally sold individually wrapped, alone, or in, they are a snack or grab-and-go breakfast or dessert item which can be eaten at cold, hot, or ambient temperatures.
History of African Americans in Boston
Despite being one of the most important stops on the Underground Railroad, until 1950, African Americans were a small but historically important minority in Boston, where the population was majority white. Since then, Boston's demographics have changed due to factors such as immigration, white flight, and gentrification. According to census information for 2010–2014, an estimated 180,657 people in Boston (28.2% of Boston's population) are Black/African American, either alone or in combination with another race. Despite being in the minority, and despite having faced housing, educational, and other discrimination, African Americans in Boston have made significant contributions in the arts, politics, and business since colonial times.

Boston has a large foreign-born black population. Many are of Haitian, Cape Verdean, Jamaican, Trinidadian, Ethiopian, Barbadian, and Somali origin.

Cape Verdeans
Cape Verdeans, also called Cabo Verdeans (Portuguese: cabo-verdiano), are a people native to Cape Verde, an island nation in West Africa consisting of an archipelago in the central Atlantic Ocean. Cape Verde is a multi-ethnic society.
The Earth (1921 film)
The Earth (La Terre) is a silent film based on the 1887 novel of the same name by Émile Zola. It was directed by French theatre manager, André Antoine.

Antoine was notable for bringing a certain form of naturalism to the theater and films such as The Earth. Louis Feuillade observed that these dramas "eschew any fantasy and represent men and things as they are, not as they should be." Although the principal players were accomplished actors from the Comédie-Française, Antoine further heightened the film's naturalism by casting many nonprofessionals from the region in the film.

Theater manager
A theater manager, also called a general manager, managing director, or intendant (British English), is the administrator of a theater. They often also have the responsibilities of an artistic director but in any case oversee all administrative, marketing, production, and financial functions of their theater. They often report to a board and must have excellent communication skills, the ability to work independently, and strong organizational capacity.  They also typically have prior training or experience in one of the art forms and have experience working in professional productions in some capacity. They must also have experience with budget creation and management, planning, budgeting/financial tracking, contract management, accounting, and schedule tracking.
Khamba people
The Khamba or Khemba, are a people who inhabit the Yang-Sang-Chu valley  of Arunachal Pradesh, near the borders with Tibet and China. Within the valley, they live in the villages Yorton, Lango, Tashigong, Nyukong and Mangkota.

The Khamba are adherents of Tibetan Buddhism and use Hingna, their own script, which is based on the Tibetan script. However, due to relative isolation from Tibet and occasional contacts with the Adi tribes, they are also somewhat influenced by the Donyi-Polo faith in their beliefs. In every village there will be a Buddhist Lama. Festivals that are celebrated are parallel  with the Memba, which includes Losar, the Tibetan New Year.

Donyi-Polo
Donyi Polo is the designation given to the indigenous religion, of animistic and shamanic type, of the Tani and other Tibeto-Burman ethnic groups of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam in Northeast India. The name "Donyi-Polo" means "Sun-Moon", and was chosen for the religion in the process of its revitalisation and institutionalisation started in the 1970s in response to inroads made by Christianity and the possibility of absorption into Hinduism.

The religion has developed a congregational system; hymns to be sung, composed in the Tani ritual language of shamans; a formalised philosophy-theology; and an iconography of the gods and temples. The pioneer of the revival was Talom Rukbo. Donyi-Polo is related to the Hemphu-Mukrang religion of the Karbi and the Nyezi-No of the Hruso.
Cyclophyllum barbatum
Cyclophyllum barbatum is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is a shrub or tree native to the South Pacific, including the Caroline Islands, Cook Islands, Fiji, Marquesas Islands, Pitcairn Islands, Samoan Islands, Society Islands, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuamotu Archipelago, Tubuai Islands, and Vanuatu. It has been introduced to Hawaii.

Caroline Islands
The Caroline Islands (or the Carolines) are a widely scattered archipelago of tiny islands in the western Pacific Ocean, to the north of New Guinea. Politically, they are divided between the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) in the central and eastern parts of the group, and Palau at the extreme western end. Historically, this area was also called Nuevas Filipinas or New Philippines, because they were part of the Spanish East Indies and were governed from Manila in the Philippines.

The Carolines are scattered across a distance of approximately 3,540 kilometres (2,200 mi; 1,910 nmi), from the westernmost island, Tobi, in Palau, to the easternmost island, Kosrae, a state of the FSM.
Thorpe, Nottinghamshire
Thorpe is a hamlet in the Newark and Sherwood district of Nottinghamshire, England. It lies to the east of East Stoke and 1 mile from the A46 Fosse Way. It is situated in the countryside southwest of Newark. The population was 69 at the 2021 census.

As of 2025, the civil parish is served by East Stoke with Thorpe Parish Council.

Fosse Way
The Fosse Way was a Roman road built in Britain during the first and second centuries AD that linked Isca Dumnoniorum (Exeter) in the southwest and Lindum Colonia (Lincoln) to the northeast, via Lindinis (Ilchester), Aquae Sulis (Bath), Corinium (Cirencester), and Ratae Corieltauvorum (Leicester). Much of its route is still used by modern roads, lanes and byways.
Shiva Maya Tumbahamphe
Shiva Maya Tumbahamphe Limbu (Nepali: शिव माया तुम्बाहाङफे) is a Nepali politician and diplomat who has served as the Ambassador of Nepal to South Korea since January 8, 2025. She has served as the Minister of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs, Minister of Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation and as the deputy speaker of the House of Representatives. She has been active in politics for more than four decades as a communist leader in eastern Nepal. She holds a PhD in political science from Tribhuvan University. Before being elected the deputy speaker of the house, she was a central committee member of the CPN (UML).

Eastern Development Region, Nepal
The Eastern Development Region (Nepali: पुर्वाञ्चल विकास क्षेत्र, Purwānchal Bikās Kshetra) was one of Nepal's five development regions. It is also known as Kirata region. It was located at the eastern end of the country with its headquarters at Dhankuta. The town of Dhankuta was the headquarter of the Eastern Region, as well as the headquarter of the Dhankuta District.
Lars Patrick Berg
Lars Patrick Berg (born 22 January 1966 in Frankfurt) is a German politician who was serving as a Member of the European Parliament from 2019 to 2024. He was elected with the Alternative for Germany; he left the party and the Identity and Democracy group in the European Parliament to join the European Conservatives and Reformists in June 2021 and the Liberal Conservative Reformers party in Germany in July 2021. In January 2023 he left the Liberal Conservative Reformers party and joined the Bündnis Deutschland party. He was a member of the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg from 2016–2019.

State Parliament (Germany)
In the federal system of the Federal Republic of Germany, the state parliaments embody the legislative power in the sixteen states. In thirteen of the sixteen German states, the state parliament is known as the Landtag (an old German term that roughly means state parliament). In the states Free Hanseatic City of Bremen and Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, the state parliament is called Bürgerschaft (Citizenry), in Berlin it is called Abgeordnetenhaus (House of Representatives).
Codex Corbiensis
Codex Corbiensis (ff or 66), according to Bruce Metzger, is a mutilated copy of the four Gospels, of the fifth or sixth century, formerly belonging to the monastery of Corbey, near Amiens, and now in the Bibliothèque Nationale at Paris. It contains a form of text akin to that preserved in Codex Vercellensis and Codex Veronensis. Alternatively, it may have been produced in the famous scriptorium of Corbie Abbey in the 9th century and is now held in the Russian National Library, Saint Petersburg (Q. v. I 39).
The manuscript includes a copy of an Old Latin (or Vetus Latina) version of the Epistle of James, without lacunae.

National Library of Russia
The National Library of Russia (NLR, Russian: Российская национальная библиотека, РНБ), located in Saint Petersburg, is the oldest of Russia's three national public libraries. The NLR is currently ranked among the world's major libraries. It has the second biggest library collection in the Russian Federation, a treasury of national heritage, and is the All-Russian Information, Research and Cultural Center. Over the course of its history, the library has aimed for comprehensive acquisition of the national printed output and has provided free access to its collections.

It was known as the Imperial Public Library from 1795 to 1917; Russian Public Library from 1917 to 1925; State Public Library from 1925 to 1992 (since 1932 named after M.Y. Saltykov-Shchedrin); and since 1992 as the National Library of Russia (NLR).
Hellinsia inquinatus
Hellinsia inquinatus is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in North America, including Florida, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Maryland, Alabama, Texas, Missouri, Colorado and Arizona. It has also been recorded from Hispaniola, Mexico, Puerto Rico and St. Thomas Island.

The wingspan is about 16–18 millimetres (0.63–0.71 in). Adults are on wing in April, June and December.

The larvae feed on Ambrosia artemissiifolia, Ambrosia trifida and Parthenium hysterophorus.

Parthenium hysterophorus
Parthenium hysterophorus is a herbaceous, flowering weed species in the family Asteraceae. It is one of the most common weeds across the globe. It is best known as Santa Maria feverfew, but is also referred to as Santa-Maria, whitetop weed, and famine weed. It is native to the American tropics but has since become an invasive species in East Asia, India, Australia, and parts of Africa. It has become infamous; it is considered one of the most noxious, harmful weeds species. It is known for its ability to reproduce quickly and abundantly, and prefers to grow in nutrient poor habitats. It is allelopathic, which poses several pros and cons that affect ecology. Many methods of control have been evaluated and implemented over time to best assess how to approach the conservation of this species and the ecosystems it affects.