hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paramount Tower Hotel & Residences
Paramount Tower Hotel & Residences Dubai is a single 66-story mixed hotel and residential skyscraper located in Business Bay, United Arab Emirates. Construction began in 2016 and the contract was given to the China State Construction Engineering by DAMAC Properties.

DAMAC Properties
DAMAC Properties is an Emirati property development company, based in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The company was founded by Hussain Sajwani and listed on the Dubai Financial Market in early 2015. It was delisted in 2022 after going private again; Sajwani, who retained 72% of all shares, purchased the remaining shares for 2.19 billion AED ($595 million USD). The company operates internationally.

Investigative reporting has shown that DAMAC agents instruct potential customers how to avoid scrutiny about the origins of money used to purchase properties, as well as guide customers to buy properties through cash or cryptocurrency.
Andapuram
Andapuram is a village on the banks of Uppar river, in the Namakkal district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Andapuram is a Gram Panchayat, falling in the Mohanur Revenue Block, Namakkal Taluk. Andapuram is in the Namakkal Assembly constituency and Namakkal Parliamentary constituency of India.

Namakkal
Namakkal (Tamil: [nɑːməkkəl]) is a city and the headquarters of Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu. It is the first ISO 14001-2004 certified municipality in Asia for environmental management, specifically the provision and maintenance of water supply, solid waste and sewage management, town planning, lighting and other social services. Namakkal is known as the Egg City due to its large egg production and Transport city.
Pakistan Customs
Pakistan Customs (پاکستان کسٹمز) is one of the cadres of the Civil Services of Pakistan. It is staffed by officers from the Pakistan Customs Service (PCS) which is one of the premier occupational groups among Pakistan's civil services.

Pakistan’s Federal taxation was originally organised along the lines of Indirect & Direct taxes, resulting in two occupational groups viz.   Customs & Excise Group, and Income Tax Group. However, in 2010 the groups were reorganised along the lines of Domestic Duty & Taxes and International Duties & Taxes, which resulted in formation of Pakistan Customs Service & the Inland Revenue Service. The responsibilities of collecting sales tax and Federal excise on Domestic Transactions were transferred to the newly created Inland Revenue Service (IRS).

It has realigned the role of Customs according to best international practice of facilitating legitimate trade & passengers, guarding against illicit trade, and making the country part of global value chains.

Sales tax
A sales tax is a tax paid to a governing body for the sales of certain goods and services. Usually laws allow the seller to collect funds for the tax from the consumer at the point of purchase.

When a tax on goods or services is paid to a governing body directly by a consumer, it is usually called a use tax. Often laws provide for the exemption of certain goods or services from sales and use tax, such as food, education, and medicines. A value-added tax (VAT) collected on goods and services is related to a sales tax. See Comparison with sales tax for key differences.
Enos (biblical figure)
Enos or Enosh (Hebrew: אֱנוֹשׁ ʾĔnōš; "mortal man"; Arabic: أَنُوش/يَانِش, romanized: Yāniš/’Anūš; Greek: Ἐνώς Enṓs; Ge'ez: ሄኖስ Henos) is a figure in the Book of Genesis in the Hebrew Bible. He is described as the first son of Seth who figures in the Generations of Adam, and is also referred to within the genealogies of 1 Chronicles.

In the New Testament, he figures within the genealogy of Jesus as it is set out in Luke 3:38. Enos is also mentioned in Islam in the various collections of tales of the pre-Islamic prophets, which honor him in an identical manner. Furthermore, early Islamic historians like Ibn Ishaq and Ibn Hisham always included his name in the genealogy of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, (Arabic: ’Anūsh أَنُوش  or: Yānish يَانِش).

Luke 3
Luke 3 is the third chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible, traditionally attributed to Luke the Evangelist, a companion of Paul the Apostle on his missionary journeys. It contains an account of the preaching of John the Baptist as well as a genealogy of Jesus. From the start of this chapter until Luke 9:50, the "shape and outlook" of Luke's Gospel follow closely those of the other synoptic gospels, Matthew and Mark.: 926–7  The Expositor's Greek Testament states that in this chapter "the ministry of the new era opens".
Duncan Perry
Duncan Christopher Perry (born 9 September 1962) is a former English cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman and left-arm medium-fast bowler who played for Shropshire. He was born in Manchester and educated at the Wakeman Grammar School in Shrewsbury.

Perry, who represented Leicestershire Second XI between 1979 and 1981, played for Shropshire in the Minor Counties Championship in 1983 and 1987, while playing at club level for Shrewsbury. He made a single List A appearance for the team, in the 1983 NatWest Trophy competition, against Somerset. From the tailend, Perry scored 5 runs, and took bowling figures of 2-30.

Shropshire County Cricket Club
Shropshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Shropshire.

The team is a member of the Minor Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Shropshire played List A matches occasionally from 1974 until 2005, but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club plays at Shrewsbury and around the county at Bridgnorth, Oswestry, Shifnal, Wellington, and Whitchurch.
Dangerous Preparations Directive
The Dangerous Preparations Directive was a European Union directive in the field of occupational safety and health and consumer protection that came into force in 30 July 1999. It complemented the Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC) and replaced a previous Dangerous Preparations Directive (88/379/EEC). The European Court of Justice had ruled in 1985 that Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC) applies only to pure substances, not preparations (mixtures of substances). It was repealed on 1 June 2015, as part of the European Union's adoption of Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, as part of CLP Regulation.

Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals
The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) is an internationally agreed-upon standard managed by the United Nations that was set up to replace the assortment of hazardous material classification and labelling schemes previously used around the world. Core elements of the GHS include standardized hazard testing criteria, universal warning pictograms, and safety data sheets which provide users of dangerous goods relevant information with consistent organization. The system acts as a complement to the UN numbered system of regulated hazardous material transport. Implementation is managed through the UN Secretariat. Although adoption has taken time, as of 2017, the system has been enacted to significant extents in most major countries of the world. This includes the European Union, which has implemented the United Nations' GHS into EU law as the CLP Regulation, and United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration standards.
2007 Guinean general strike
The 2007 Guinean general strike began on January 10, 2007.  Guinea's trade unions and opposition parties called on President Lansana Conté to resign, accusing him of mismanaging the economy and abusing his authority.  The strikers also accused Conté of personally securing the release of Mamadou Sylla and Fodé Soumah, both accused of corruption, from prison.

The strike ended on January 27 with an agreement between Conté and the unions, according to which Conté would appoint a new prime minister; however, Conté's choice of Eugène Camara as prime minister was deemed unacceptable by the unions, and the strike resumed on February 12. Martial law was imposed on the same day. Nearly two weeks later, Conté agreed to choose a prime minister acceptable to the unions, and on February 26 he named Lansana Kouyaté as prime minister. The strike ended on February 27, and Kouyaté was sworn in on March 1.

Opposition (politics)
In politics, the opposition comprises one or more political parties or other organized groups that are opposed to the government, party or group in political control of a city, region, state, country or other political body.

The degree of opposition varies according to political conditions. For example, in authoritarian and democratic systems, opposition may be respectively repressed or desired. Members of an opposition generally serve as antagonists to the other parties. Political opposition is generally considered a key aspect of democracy, as the opposition restrains the incumbent government and seeks to enlarge the rights available to those out of power. According to Seymour Martin Lipset, "over time, in both new and revived democracies, conflict between the governing and opposition parties helps establish democratic norms and rules."
2024 Bengkulu gubernatorial election
The 2024 Bengkulu gubernatorial election was held on 27 November 2024 as part of nationwide local elections to elect the governor and vice governor of Bengkulu for a five-year term. The previous election was held in 2020. The election was won by Helmi Hasan of the National Mandate Party (PAN) with 55% of the vote. He defeated former Governor Rohidin Mersyah of Golkar, who received 44%.

2024 Indonesian local elections
Local executive elections (Indonesian: Pemilihan Kepala Daerah or Pilkada) to elect governors, mayors and regents in Indonesia were held on 27 November 2024 across 545 regions: 37 provinces, 415 regencies and 93 cities, which covered all provinces except Yogyakarta Special Region and all cities/regencies except the constituents of Jakarta. The previous local executive elections were held in 2020. The elections was the first time regional leaders are all elected simultaneously nationwide in Indonesia.

The elections saw major gains for President Prabowo Subianto's Gerindra party, while the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle suffered losses in key races, especially in Central and East Java. Golkar and PKS also suffered setbacks. Most elected leaders were sworn in on 20 February 2025, but 26 races had to be repeated in 2025.
Alevras
Alevras is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Colin Alevras (1971–2022), American restraurateur

Ioannis Alevras (1912–1995), Greek politician

Panagiotis Alevras (born 1969), Greek sailor

Stavros Alevras (born 1970), Greek sailor

Stavros Alevras
Stavros Alevras (born 12 October 1970) is a sailor from Greece, who represented his country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Savannah, United States as helmsman in the Soling. With crew members Panagiotis Alevras and Stefanos Chandakas they took the 18th place.
James Gibney
James Gibney (14 December 1847 – 25 May 1908) was an Irish Nationalist politician. An Anti-Parnellite, he was an Irish National Federation Member of Parliament (MP) for North Meath from 1893 to 1900.

He was elected to the United Kingdom House of Commons at a by-election on 21 February 1893, after the result of the 1892 general election in North Meath was overturned on petition at the next general election, in 1895, Gibney was re-elected with a narrow majority over the Parnellite candidate John Sweetman. At the 1900 general election, when the Irish Parliamentary Party reunited after its 9-year split, Gibney stood as a Healyite Nationalist and lost seat to the Irish Parliamentary Party candidate Patrick White. Gibney was also a justice of the peace for County Meath.

North Meath
North Meath was a UK Parliament constituency in Ireland, returning one Member of Parliament (MP) from 1885 to 1922.

Prior to the 1885 United Kingdom general election the area was part of the Meath constituency. From 1922, on the establishment of the Irish Free State, it was not represented in the UK Parliament.
Lake Volvi
Lake Volvi (Greek: Λίμνη Βόλβη - Límni Vólvi) is located at the root of the Chalkidiki peninsula, in the Thessaloniki regional unit of Greece.  It is the second largest lake in the country at 12 miles (19 km) length and 6 or 8 miles (9.7 or 12.9 km) width. Its area is 68 km² and its depth is 20 m. It is located east of Lake Koroneia (Lake Langadas).

The Via Egnatia Roman road runs along the northern shore of the lake, while a more ancient road ran along its southern one. On its east is the narrow valley of Rentina, also known as the "Macedonian Tempe". The municipalities of Volvi and Langadas have shoreline on the lake.

Lagkadas
Lagkadas (Greek: Λαγκαδάς, Lagkadás) is a town and municipality in the northeast part of Thessaloniki regional unit, Greece. There are 37,022 residents in the municipality and 8,447 of them live in the community of Lagkadas (2021).
Lagkadas is located northeast of Thessaloniki, at a distance of about 20 km from its center and at an altitude of about 130m, in the center of the valley of Mygdonia, through which Alexander the Great passed at his campaigns and also the Apostle Paul towards Thessaloniki and Athens. The climate is continental. Nearby is Lake Koroneia (or Lake Lagkada). The inhabitants of Lagkadas participated in the revolution of 1821, with the most famous fighter being Stavros Tzanis, who took part in many battles in southern Greece. The consequence was the destruction of the town in retaliation. During the Macedonian Struggle, the people of Lagkadas offered a lot, with the main Macedonian warrior, the chief Christos Dremlis.
Battle of Quilmes
The Battle of Quilmes took place between a fleet of the Imperial Brazilian Navy, commanded by British admiral James Norton and a fleet of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata under the command of William Brown. The confrontations began at dawn on July 30, 1826 and lasted for three hours.

United Provinces of the Río de la Plata
The United Provinces of the Río de la Plata or United Provinces of the River Plate, along with United Provinces in South America, are names used to refer to the emerging state that succeeded the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata after the May Revolution, from 1810 to 1831, encompassing the Argentine War of Independence, the Cisplatine War and the beginning of the Argentine Civil Wars. The aforementioned state is now the Argentine Republic. The name "United Provinces of the Río de la Plata" is recognised as one of the official names of Argentina according to Article 53 of its constitution.
Ingvar Eggert Sigurðsson
Ingvar Eggert Sigurðsson (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈiŋkvar ˈɛcːɛr̥t ˈsɪːɣʏr̥θsɔn]; born 22 November 1963) is an Icelandic actor who has worked extensively in Icelandic cinema, television and stage productions. He became internationally known for his role as police officer Ásgeir in the Icelandic TV series Trapped (2015–18), and in  Icelandic director Hlynur Pálmason's films A White White Day (2019) and   Godland (2022).

Jar City
Jar City, also known as Tainted Blood (Icelandic: Mýrin, "The Bog") (listenⓘ), is a crime novel by Icelandic author Arnaldur Indriðason, first published in Iceland in 2000. It was the first in the Detective Erlendur series to be translated into English (in 2004). In the UK, the title was changed to  Tainted Blood when the paperback edition was released.

The novel is at one level a fierce critique of the gene-gathering work of deCODE genetics:

far from reinforcing the kind of myths of Icelandic national identity promoted by eugenicists earlier in the twentieth century and re-invoked by the publicity machine around DeCODE, Indriđason’s novel uses the figure of the defective gene not only to expose and trouble national mythologies of social and familial cohesion and continuity but to ask some fundamental questions about the meaning of innocence and guilt, justice and punishment in the face of the identification of genes that bear the secret not of life but of death.
2025–26 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy
The 2025–26 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy was the 18th edition of the Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy, an annual Twenty20 tournament in India. The tournament took place from 26 November to 18 December 2025 and featured all 38 teams from the Ranji Trophy. The teams were divided into four elite groups, consisting of eight teams each, and one plate group comprising six teams. The tournament was a part of the 2025–26 Indian domestic cricket season, as announced by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2025. Mumbai were the defending champions.

Mumbai cricket team
The Mumbai cricket team is a cricket team which represents Mumbai in Indian domestic cricket. It is governed by Mumbai Cricket Association. Its home ground is Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai.

The team also plays its home matches at Bandra Kurla Complex Ground and Brabourne Stadium. The team comes under the West Zone designation. It was formerly known as the Bombay cricket team, but changed its name when the city was renamed from Bombay to Mumbai.

Mumbai is the most successful team in the history of Ranji Trophy, India's premier domestic cricket competition, with 42 titles. Its most recent title was in 2023–24. It also has won 14 (and 1 shared) Irani Cups.

Mumbai has produced some of the greatest Indian cricketers of all time, such as Sachin Tendulkar, Sunil Gavaskar,  Ajinkya Rahane, Rohit Sharma, Shreyas Iyer, Vijay Merchant, Polly Umrigar, and Dilip Vengsarkar.
New York's 40th congressional district
The 40th congressional district of New York was a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in New York. It was created in 1913 as a result of the 1910 census. It was eliminated in 1973 as a result of the 1970 redistricting cycle after the 1970 United States census. It was last represented by Henry P. Smith III who was redistricted into the 36th district.

1970 United States census
The 1970 United States census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 203,392,031, an increase of 13.4 percent over the 179,323,175 persons enumerated during the 1960 census.

This was the first census since 1820 in which New York was not the most populous state—California overtook it in population in January 1963. This was also the first census in which all states recorded a population of over 300,000, and the first in which a city in the geographic South—Houston—recorded a population of over 1 million.

Accurate racial census data was required by both the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the 1970 Census changed to identify race on the basis of self-identification rather than by government census enumerators. Virtually all of the key items from the 1960 census were retained.
Rastriya Banijya Bank
Rastriya Banijya Bank (RBB) (translation: National Commercial Bank; Nepali: राष्ट्रिय वाणिज्य बैंक) is fully government owned, and the largest commercial bank in Nepal. RBB was established on January 23, 1966 (2022 Magh 10 BS) under the RBB Act. RBB provides banking services to  customers including banks, insurance companies, industrial trading houses, airlines, hotels, and many other sectors.

Constituted under RBB Act 2021 with the full ownership of the government of Nepal, the bank has been running under Bank and Financial Institute Act (BAFIA) and Company Act (CA) 2063. The bank, licensed by NRB as an 'A' class commercial bank of the country, is a component of the Nepalese economy.

Economy of Nepal
Nepal’s economy is largely driven by agriculture, services, industry, and tourism. Agriculture remains the main source of livelihood for most of the population, while the service sector including trade, transport, and communications has become increasingly important. In recent years, hydropower , manufacturing, and information technology have shown growing potential, supported by government efforts to attract investment and improve infrastructure. The country continues to pursue policies aimed at sustainable growth and regional economic integration.
Iproute2
iproute2 is a collection of userspace utilities for controlling and monitoring various aspects of networking in the Linux kernel, including routing, network interfaces, tunnels, traffic control, and network-related device drivers.

Device driver
A device driver is software that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer. A driver provides a software interface to hardware devices, enabling other software to access hardware functions without needing to know precise details about the hardware.

A driver communicates with the device through the computer bus or communications subsystem to which the hardware connects. When a calling program invokes a routine in the driver, the driver issues commands to the device (drives it). Once the device sends data back to the driver, the driver may invoke routines in the original calling program.

Drivers are hardware-dependent and operating-system-specific. They usually provide the interrupt handling required for any necessary asynchronous time-dependent hardware interface.
Gorgasia inferomaculata
Gorgasia inferomaculata is an eel in the family Congridae (conger/garden eels). It was described by Jacques Blache in 1977. It is a non-migratory marine, tropical eel which is known from the Gulf of Guinea, in the eastern central Atlantic Ocean.

Gulf of Guinea
The Gulf of Guinea (French: Golfe de Guinée; Spanish: Golfo de Guinea; Portuguese: Golfo da Guiné) is the northeasternmost part of the tropical Atlantic Ocean from Cape Lopez in Gabon, north and west to Cape Palmas in Liberia. Null Island, defined as the intersection of the Equator and Prime Meridian (zero degrees latitude and longitude), is in the gulf.

Among the many rivers that drain into the Gulf of Guinea are the Niger and the Volta. The coastline on the gulf includes the Bight of Benin and the Bight of Bonny.
Promptorium parvulorum
The Promptorium parvulorum (Latin: "Storehouse for children") is an English-Latin bilingual dictionary completed around 1440. It was the first English-to-Latin dictionary. It occupies about 300 printed book pages.

The authorship is attributed to Geoffrey the Grammarian, a friar who lived in Lynn, Norfolk, England. After the invention of the printing press, the Promptorium was repeatedly published in the early 16th century by the printer Wynkyn de Worde. In the 19th century, the Camden Society republished it under the extended title Promptorium parvulorum sive clericorum (“Storehouse for children or clerics”).

For language historians it is a major reference work for the vocabulary of late medieval English. It is also a frequently cited source in the Middle English Dictionary, the primary dictionary of late medieval English, published by the University of Michigan.

King's Lynn
King's Lynn, known until 1537 as Bishop's Lynn and colloquially as Lynn, is a port and market town in the borough of King's Lynn and West Norfolk in the county of Norfolk, England. It is 36 miles (58 km) north-east of Peterborough, 44 miles (71 km) north-north-east of Cambridge, 44 miles (71 km) west of Norwich, and about 5 miles (8 km) inland from The Wash estuary.