hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Huang Boyun
Huang Boyun (simplified Chinese: 黄伯云; traditional Chinese: 黃伯雲; pinyin: Huáng Bóyún) is the former President of Central South University, the academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) and a member of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and a representative of the 16th and 17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.

Academician
An academician is a full member of an artistic, literary, engineering, or scientific academy. In many countries, it is an honorific title used to denote a full member of an academy that has a strong influence on national scientific life.

Accordingly, within systems such as the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, the title grants privileges and administrative responsibilities for funding allocation and research priorities.
Siege of Petra (541)
The siege of Petra took place in 541 when the Sasanian Empire, under King of Kings Khosrow I, besieged the town of Petra in Lazica, held by the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. The Sasanians successfully captured the fortress.

Lazica
The Kingdom of Lazica (Georgian: ეგრისი, romanized: Egrisi; Laz: ლაზიკა, romanized: Laziǩa; Ancient Greek: Λαζική, romanized: Lazikḗ), sometimes called Lazian Empire, was a state in the territory of west Georgia in the Roman period, from about the 1st century BC. Created as a result of the collapse of the kingdom of Colchis and the gaining of independence by the tribal-territorial units included in it in 131 AD.
Chaohu
Chaohu (Chinese: 巢湖; pinyin: Cháohú) is a county-level city of Anhui Province, China. Situated on the northeast and southeast shores of Lake Chao, from which the city was named, Chaohu is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Hefei, the provincial capital, and is the latter's easternmost county-level division.

Chao Lake
Chao Lake (Chinese: 巢湖), also known by its Chinese name Chao Hu, is a lake wholly situated in Hefei, the capital of Anhui Province. It is the largest lake in Anhui and one of the five major freshwater lakes in China.
Karkota dynasty
The Karkota dynasty (c. 625 − 855 CE) ruled over the Kashmir valley and some northern parts of the Indian subcontinent during 7th and 8th centuries. Their rule saw a period of political expansion, economic prosperity and emergence of Kashmir as a centre of culture and scholarship.

The Karkota rulers constructed several shrines to Vishnu in their dominions. They however also allowed Buddhism to flourish under them. Stupa, Chaitya and Vihara can be found in the ruins of their capital. Martand Sun Temple in the Anantnag district was built by Lalitaditya. It is the oldest known Sun temple in India and was also one of the biggest temple complexes at the time.

Avanti Varman ascended the throne of Kashmir in 855, establishing the Utpala dynasty and ending the rule of Karkota dynasty.

Nilamata Purana
The Nilamata Purana (Sanskrit: नीलमत पुराण, romanized: nīlamata purāṇa), also known as the Kasmira Mahatmya, is an ancient text (4th to 8th century CE) from Kashmir which contains information on its history, geography, religion, and folklore.  It was used by Kalhana as one of sources of his history.
Acleris minuta
Acleris minuta, the yellow-headed fireworm or lesser apple leaf-folder, is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in eastern North America.

The length of the forewings is 6.5–9.5 mm. Adults are on wing in up to three generations per year and have been recorded on wing from June to August and in October.

The larvae feed on Myrica gale, Calluna, Kalmia (including Kalmia angustifolia), Vaccinium (including Vaccinium macrocarpon), Malus (including Malus pumila), Prunus, Pyrus and Salix species.

Pear
Pears are fruits produced and consumed around the world, growing on a tree and are harvested in late summer into mid-autumn. The pear tree and shrub are a species of genus Pyrus /ˈpaɪrəs/, in the family Rosaceae, bearing the pomaceous fruit of the same name. Several species of pears are valued for their edible fruit and juices, while others are cultivated as trees.

The tree is medium-sized and native to coastal and mildly temperate regions of Europe, North Africa, and Asia. Pear wood is one of the preferred materials in the manufacture of high-quality woodwind instruments and furniture.

About 3,000 known varieties of pears are grown worldwide, which vary in both shape and taste. The fruit is consumed fresh, canned, as juice, dried, or fermented as perry.
Haas Brothers
The Haas Brothers was a Professional wrestling Tag team consisting of real life brothers Charlie and Russ Haas. The team was very successful in the independent wrestling circuit, but Russ's death on December 15, 2001, led to the end of the tag team shortly after the brothers signed a contract with the World Wrestling Federation.

Johnny Kashmere
John Kashmer (born November 6, 1978), better known by the ring name Johnny Kashmere, is an American professional wrestler. Kashmere has competed in Ring of Honor, Combat Zone Wrestling, Assault Championship Wrestling, and NWA New Jersey, and in Japan, Central America, Europe and Alaska. For much of his early career, he wrestled as one-half of The Backseat Boyz alongside Trent Acid.

Kashmere currently promotes and co-owns Super Powers of Wrestling (SPO), he also manages the new BackSeat Boyz tag-team of JP Grayson and Tommy Grayson.
Active Duty (web site)
Active Duty is the umbrella name for the American, originally North Carolina–based independent gay pornographic film studios founded by Dennis Ashe specializing in the production of pornographic movies. It features the portrayals of military men who are gay, straight, and bisexual, engaging in solo or gay sexual action. Dink Flamingo was the pseudonym of the producer-director of the films. Since Active Duty was acquired by Montreal-based Gamma Entertainment in 2014, Dink Flamingo is a trademark that no longer refers to a person.

Men who have sex with men
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are men who engage in sexual activity with other men, regardless of their sexual orientation or sexual identity. The term was created by epidemiologists in the 1990s, to better study and communicate the spread of sexually transmitted infections such as HIV/AIDS between all sexually active males, not strictly those identifying as gay, bisexual, pansexual or various other sexualities, but also for example male prostitutes. The term is often used in medical literature and social research to describe such men as a group. It does not describe any specific kind of sexual activity, and which activities are covered by the term depends on context. The alternative term "males who have sex with males" is sometimes considered more accurate in cases where those described may not be legal adults.
David Ozonoff
David Michael Ozonoff is the Chair Emeritus of Environmental Health and Professor Emeritus at Boston University School of Public Health, Co-Editor-in-Chief of the online journal, Environmental Health and Professor, Sociomedical Sciences, at Boston University School of Medicine and a trichloroethylene expert.

Boston University School of Medicine
The Boston University School of Medicine (formally the Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine) is the medical school of Boston University, a private research university in Boston, Massachusetts. It was founded in 1848. Originally known as the New England Female Medical College, it was renamed Boston University School of Medicine in 1873. It became the Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, in 2022. In 1864, it became the first medical school in the United States to award an MD degree to an African-American woman.

The school is the only medical school located in the South End neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. Boston Medical Center, its primary teaching hospital, operates the largest 24-hour Level I trauma center in New England, and the largest network of regional community health centers. The school is the home of the Framingham Heart Study, from which all knowledge of cardiovascular disease risk factors were originally discovered.
Tripoli, Beautiful Land of Love
Tripoli, Beautiful Land of Love (Italian: Tripoli, bel suol d'amore) is a 1954 Italian comedy war film directed by Ferruccio Cerio and starring Alberto Sordi, Lyla Rocco and Fulvia Franco. It takes its title from a traditional song of the same name which features prominently on the soundtrack. The plot draws some inspiration from that of The Three Musketeers. It was shot in Ferraniacolor and took around 248 million lire at the Italian box office.

It is set against the backdrop of the Libyan War between Italy and the Ottoman Empire in 1911. A young man from the countryside volunteers to join the Bersaglieri, but quickly clashes with three overbearing comrades. They resent the newcomer because Maria the daughter of the marshal, who they are all in love with, has shown attention to the young man. However all eventually become close friends. When war breaks out, they travel to Tripoli to fight, accompanied by Maria who has enlisted in the Red Cross.

Ferrania
FILM Ferrania s.r.l. is a photographic film manufacturing company located in Ferrania (Liguria), Italy. Ferrania was founded in 1923 as a maker of photographic film, papers, and photographic equipment, including cameras. The company was purchased in 1964 by the 3M company to become Ferrania 3M, until it was spun off in 1996 to 3M's Imation division. In 1999, Ferrania was acquired by Schroder Ventures and then spun off as a separate company. Subsequently, it was acquired by a Genoese shipping company, Gruppo Messina (Ignazio Messina & Co. S.p.A.) who ceased photographic activities in 2009.

The company was re-founded in 2013 as FILM Ferrania to build a new film manufacturing base using a small portion of the historic campus.
Kabuni
Kabuni is a traditional Albanian dessert. It is made of rice fried in butter, mutton broth (ram's neck only), raisins (rinsed first in warm water), and some salt. It is then boiled before sugar, cinnamon, and ground cloves are added. It is served cold.

Clove
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum (/sɪˈzɪdʒiːəm ˌærəˈmætɪkəm/). They are native to the Maluku Islands, or Moluccas, in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice, flavoring, or fragrance in consumer products, such as toothpaste, soaps, or cosmetics. Cloves are available throughout the year owing to different harvest seasons across various countries.
Spialia orbifer
Spialia orbifer, the orbed red-underwing skipper or Hungarian skipper is a butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is found from south-eastern Europe and temperate Asia to Korea. The habitat consists of steppe on plains and grassy slopes in the mountains.

The wingspan is 24–28 mm. Adults are on wing from April to August in one or two generations per year.

The larvae feed on Rubus idaeus, Sanguisorba officinalis, Sanguisorba minor and Potentilla gelida.

Sanguisorba minor
Sanguisorba minor, the salad burnet, garden burnet, small burnet, burnet (also used for Sanguisorba generally), pimpernelle, Toper's plant, and burnet-bloodwort, is an edible perennial herbaceous plant in the family Rosaceae. It has ferny, toothed-leaf foliage; the unusual crimson, spherical flower clusters rise well above the leaves on thin stems. It generally grows to 25–55 cm tall (moisture-dependent; as short as 2 cm in dry areas). The large, long (sometimes 1m/3-foot), taproots store water, making it drought-tolerant.

It is evergreen to semi-evergreen; in warmer climates grows all year around, and in cold climates it stays green until heavy snow cover occurs. Plants may live over 20 years, though 7-12 is more usual; it lives longer if sometimes permitted to set seed. Burnet flowers in early summer.

Subspecies include muricata, minor, and mongolii (the last from the Mediterranean).
2018 Moscow River Cup – Singles
This was the first edition of the tournament.

Olga Danilović won her first WTA Tour title, defeating Anastasia Potapova in the final, 7–5, 6–7(1–7), 6–4. Danilović became the first player born after 2000 to win a WTA singles title, and the first lucky loser to win a singles title since Andrea Jaeger in 1980. This was the first WTA Tour final between two players under 18 since Tatiana Golovin and Nicole Vaidišová played in the final of the 2005 AIG Japan Open Tennis Championships.

Valentini Grammatikopoulou
Valentini Grammatikopoulou (Greek: Βαλεντίνη Γραμματικοπούλου; born 9 February 1997) is a Greek tennis player. On 22 August 2022, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 143. On 15 July 2024, she peaked at No. 97 in the WTA doubles rankings. She has won a singles and a doubles title on the WTA Challenger Tour, and in addition, 15 singles and 34 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

Playing for Greece, Grammatikopoulou has a win–loss record of 26–17 in Billie Jean King Cup competition (as of July 2025).
2025 Generali Open Kitzbühel – Doubles
Petr Nouza and Patrik Rikl defeated Neil Oberleitner and Joel Schwärzler in the final, 1–6, 7–6(7–3), [10–5] to win the doubles tennis title at the 2025 Generali Open Kitzbühel. It was the second ATP Tour title for both players.

Alexander Erler and Andreas Mies were the reigning champions, but Erler chose to compete in Washington instead, and Mies did not participate.

Alexander Erler
Alexander Erler (Austrian German: [alɛkˈsandɐ ˈɛrlɐ]; born 27 October 1997) is an Austrian professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 32, achieved on 8 May 2023. He also reached a singles ranking of No. 322 on 4 October 2021.

Erler has won nine ATP Tour doubles titles, seven of them with compatriot Lucas Miedler.

Erler also earned ten doubles trophies on the ATP Challenger Tour, as well as multiple titles on the ITF Men's Tour.
Kherwara tehsil
Kherwara is a tehsil of Udaipur district in Rajasthan, India. The tehsil consists of 195 revenue villages and 1 census town. The tehsil headquarter is located in the town of Kherwara Chhaoni. The tehsil is part of the Kherwara panchayat samiti (block).

Kherwara Chhaoni
Kherwara Chhaoni is a census town in the Udaipur district, Rajasthan, India. It is part of the Mewar region, which includes the districts of Dungarpur, Banswara and parts of Udaipur district. It is in close proximity to two major highways, National Highway 8 and Rajasthan State Highway 76 and National Highway 927A passes through it. Its name derives from the large number of Kher (Khair) trees in the region in the past.

Prominent institutions in the area are Mewar Bhil Corps and Police Training School (PTS).
Shukria Asil
Shukria Asil (Arabic: شكرية أصيل) is an Afghan women's rights activist. In 2009, she succeeded in reversing the sacking of three women teachers in Baghlan, who had been fired due to negative information being published about them by the Ministry of Education. As of 2010, she was one of four female members of the Baghlan Provincial Council, and as of 2012 she was the head of the Baghlan Provincial Culture and Information Department.

Asil also intervened in the case of a girl rejected by her family for being gang-raped, successfully reuniting the family, although the provincial governor had discouraged her from doing so. Her other work for women's rights includes creating networking groups for women, promoting women's driving schools, and expanding educational opportunities for young girls.

She has faced threats of kidnapping and death for her work, and had to change her address at least once.

She received the 2010 International Women of Courage Award.

Afghans
Afghans are the citizens and nationals of Afghanistan. Afghans comprise various ethnic groups, of which Tajiks, Pushtuns, Hazaras, and Uzbeks are the largest.

The two main languages spoken among the Afghan people are Dari (a variety of Persian) and Pashto. Historically, the ethnonym "Afghan" used to refer to Pashtuns, but later came to refer to all ethnicities in Afghanistan after the 1964 Constitution of Afghanistan proposed by King Mohammad Zahir Shah.
Norden, California
Norden is a small unincorporated community in Nevada County, California, United States, about 9 miles (14 km) west of Truckee.  The community is located on a former portion of U.S. Route 40 near Interstate 80 and lies along the historical first transcontinental railroad, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) west of Donner Pass.

Near Norden is the Sugar Bowl Ski Resort and Donner Ski Ranch, both in Placer County.

The Norden post office, named after the lake, opened in 1926, closed in 1943, and reopened in 1947, and is now closed. The nearby Donner post office operated from 1882 to 1926.

The place is named for Charles Van Norden, an official of the  South Yuba Water Company. The dam was built in 1900 and the resulting lake was named after Van Norden.

The community has a population of 27 as of 2016.

Donner Pass
Donner Pass is a 7,056-foot-high (2,151 m) mountain pass in the northern Sierra Nevada, above Donner Lake and Donner Memorial State Park about 9 miles (14 km) west of Truckee, California. Like the Sierra Nevada itself, the pass has a steep approach from the east and a gradual approach from the west.

The pass has been used by the California Trail, First transcontinental railroad, Overland Route, Lincoln Highway and Victory Highway (both later U.S. Route 40 and still later Donner Pass Road), as well as indirectly by Interstate 80. The pass gets its name from the ill-fated Donner Party who overwintered there in 1846.

Today, the area is home to a thriving recreational community with several alpine lakes and ski resorts (Donner Ski Ranch, Boreal, and Sugar Bowl). The permanent communities in the area include Kingvale and Soda Springs, as well as the larger community below the pass surrounding Donner Lake.
Anna Wolfe
Anna Wolfe is an American investigative journalist known for her work covering corruption in Mississippi's restitution centers and the welfare funds scandal. In 2023, Wolfe won the Pulitzer Prize for Local Reporting.

Phil Bryant
Dewey Phillip Bryant (born December 9, 1954) is an American politician who served as the 64th governor of Mississippi from 2012 to 2020. A member of the Republican Party, he was the 31st lieutenant governor of Mississippi from 2008 to 2012 and 40th state auditor of Mississippi from 1996 to 2008. Bryant was elected governor in 2011, defeating the Democratic nominee Mayor Johnny DuPree of Hattiesburg. He was re-elected in 2015, defeating Democratic nominee Robert Gray.
Akbulatovo, Fyodorovsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan
Akbulatovo (Russian: Акбулатово; Bashkir: Аҡбулат, Aqbulat) is a rural locality (a selo) in Fyodorovsky Selsoviet, Fyodorovsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 308 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

Fyodorovsky District, Bashkortostan
Fyodorovsky District (Russian: Фёдоровский райо́н; Bashkir: Фёдоровка районы, Fyodorovka rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the republic and borders with Sterlibashevsky District in the north, Meleuzovsky District in the east, Kuyurgazinsky District in the south, and with Orenburg Oblast in the west. The area of the district is 1,693.24 square kilometers (653.76 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Fyodorovka. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 18,650, with the population of Fyodorovka accounting for 23.1% of that number.
Christopher Mann (cricketer)
Christopher Mann (born 14 April 1981) is an English cricketer.  Mann is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium pace.  He was born in South Shields, Tyne and Wear.

Mann represented the Durham Cricket Board in a single List A match against Buckinghamshire in the 2nd round of the 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was played in 2001. In his only List A match, he scored 7 runs and took a single catch in the field.

South Shields
South Shields (/ʃiːlz/) is a coastal port town in South Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England; it lies on the south bank of the mouth of the River Tyne. The town was known in Roman times as Arbeia and as Caer Urfa by the Early Middle Ages. It is the fourth largest settlement in Tyne and Wear, after Newcastle upon Tyne, Sunderland and Gateshead; in 2021, it had a population of 75,337.

Historically within the county of Durham, South Shields is south of North Shields and Tynemouth across the River Tyne; and east of Newcastle upon Tyne and Jarrow.
Lomond, Alberta
Lomond is a village in southern Alberta, Canada that is surrounded by Vulcan County. It is located at the intersection of Highway 845 and Highway 531, approximately 74 kilometres (46 mi) southwest of Brooks and 49 kilometres (30 mi) east of Vulcan. The village is a farming service community. Lomond was named for Loch Lomond, Scotland.

Brooks, Alberta
Brooks is a city in southeast Alberta, Canada in the County of Newell. It is on Highway 1 (Trans-Canada Highway) and the Canadian Pacific Kansas City railway, approximately 186 km (116 mi) southeast of Calgary, and 110 km (68 mi) northwest of Medicine Hat. The city has an elevation of 760 m (2,490 ft).
DisplayML
DisplayML is an open, free-to-use protocol for encoding display information for display devices. It is based upon XML messages with a Request/Response model where the display device works as the server.

The interface between systems and display devices has historically required encoded character strings which, though successful, can lead to complexity in creation and debugging. DisplayML is easy to understand, since XML is a human reada-le format. The protocol is applicable to numerous display devices using various technologies such as LED, LCD, Bi-stable Magnetic, flip-disc display, VGA etc.

DisplayML does not handle security. The protocol can be implemented at different levels depending on the type of display.

The DisplayML protocol supports file transfer, which makes it possible to send fonts, pictures or software to displays.

Flip-disc display
The flip-disc display (or flip-dot display) is an electromechanical dot matrix display technology used for large outdoor signs, normally those that will be exposed to direct sunlight. Flip-disc technology has been used for external destination signs on buses and trains across North America, Europe, Australia and Asia, as well as for variable-message signs on highways. It has also been used extensively on public information displays. A few game shows have also used flip-disc displays, including Canadian shows like Just Like Mom, The Joke's on Us and Uh Oh!, but most notably the American game show Family Feud from 1976 to 1995, and its British version Family Fortunes from 1980 to 2002. The Polish version of Family Feud, Familiada, still uses this board, which was bought from the Swedish version of the show.
Pannier market
A pannier market is a form of indoor market especially popular in Devon in the West Country of the United Kingdom where they can be found in various cities and towns. They take their name from the panniers once used to carry goods to market on the back of pack animals.

The word "pannier" derives from the French meaning 'basket', so "pannier market" literally meant "basket market"; in Devon it has become a term for a fruit and vegetable market. Today they are a form of market hall that will have market stalls from which goods are sold. Examples can be found in Plymouth, Truro, Bideford, Great Torrington, Barnstaple, Tavistock, Tiverton, Newton Abbot, Holsworthy and Sherborne, among others.

Newton Abbot
Newton Abbot is a market town and civil parish on the River Teign in the Teignbridge District of Devon, England. Its population was 24,029 in 2011, and was estimated at 26,655 in 2019. It grew rapidly in the Victorian era as the home of the South Devon Railway locomotive works. This later became a major steam engine shed, retained to service British Railways diesel locomotives until 1981. It now houses the Brunel industrial estate. The town has a race course nearby, the most westerly in England, and a country park, Decoy. It is twinned with Besigheim in Germany and Ay in France.