hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
DEFB127
Beta-defensin 127 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DEFB127 gene.

Defensins are cysteine-rich cationic polypeptides that are important in the immunologic response to invading microorganisms. The protein encoded by this gene is secreted and is a member of the beta defensin protein family. Beta defensin genes are found in several clusters throughout the genome, with this gene mapping to a cluster at 20p13.

Cysteine
Cysteine (/ˈsɪstɪiːn/; symbol Cys or C) is a semiessential proteinogenic amino acid with the formula HS−CH2−CH(NH2)−COOH. The thiol side chain in cysteine enables the formation of disulfide bonds, and often participates in enzymatic reactions as a nucleophile. Cysteine is chiral, but both D and L-cysteine are found in nature. L‑Cysteine is a protein monomer in all biota, and D-cysteine acts as a signaling molecule in mammalian nervous systems. Cysteine is named after its discovery in urine, which comes from the urinary bladder or cyst, from Greek κύστις kýstis, "bladder".

The thiol is susceptible to oxidation to give the disulfide derivative cystine, which serves an important structural role in many proteins. In this case, the symbol Cyx is sometimes used. The deprotonated form can generally be described by the symbol Cym as well.

When used as a food additive, cysteine has the E number E920.

Cysteine is encoded by the codons UGU and UGC.
Magwafan
Magwafan (Hausa: Bakin Kogi,) is a Rural community in Kanai District of Zangon Kataf Local Government Area, southern Kaduna state in the Middle Belt region of Nigeria. The postal code for the village is :802147
Magwafan is shares two postal code; (Magwafan, Unguwan Rohogo in Zangon Kataf, Kaduna:802147 and Magwafan, Manyi Aghui in Zangon Kataf, Kaduna:802132.

Hausa language
Hausa (/ˈhaʊsə/; in Hausa: Harshen/Halshen Hausa listenⓘ /hawˈsa/; Ajami: هَرْشٜىٰن هَوْسَا‎) is a Chadic language spoken primarily by the Hausa people in Niger (where it is the sole official language, having replaced French in 2025) and in the northern parts of Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, Benin and Togo and the southern parts of Chad. It is also spoken by a significant minority in Ivory Coast and a small number of speakers in Sudan.

Hausa is a member of the Afroasiatic language family and is the most widely spoken language within the Chadic branch of that family. Hausa is tonal, using relative pitch both to distinguish words, and mark grammatical categories. Ethnologue estimated that it was spoken as a first language by some 58 million people and as a second language by another 36 million, bringing the total number of Hausa speakers to an estimated 94 million.

In Nigeria, the Hausa film industry is known as Kannywood.
Glenshire, Houston
Glenshire is a subdivision in the Brays Oaks district in Houston, Texas. The community is in proximity to Fort Bend County. In 1989 the community had about 5,000 residents. R.A. Dyer and Claire Osborn of the Houston Chronicle said in 1989 that Glenshire was "a middle-class residential area".

Glenshire is bound by West Bellfort to the north, West Airport to the south, Keegan's Bayou to the west, and Riceville School Rd to the east.  It is split by Beltway 8.

Texas Department of Transportation
The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT /ˈtɛks.dɒt/) is a Texas state government agency responsible for construction and maintenance of the state's immense state highway system and the support of the state's maritime, aviation, rail, and public transportation systems. TxDOT previously administered vehicle registration prior to the creation of the Texas Department of Motor Vehicles in November 2009.

The agency has been headquartered in the Dewitt C. Greer Building in Austin since 1933.
Beverly Wendland
Beverly Wendland is the former provost and executive vice chancellor for academic affairs at Washington University in St. Louis.

In her research career, Wendland's laboratory investigated the molecular mechanisms and regulation of endocytic vesicle formation, using cell biology, genetic, and structural biology approaches. Wendland's research has successfully taken advantage of the highly genetically tractable eukaryote, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Her research in yeast has advanced the molecular understanding of the cell biology underlying human cancer, cardiovascular disease, lysosomal-storage disorders and infections.

Endocytosis
Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell. The material to be internalized is surrounded by an area of cell membrane, which then buds off inside the cell to form a vesicle containing the ingested materials. Endocytosis includes pinocytosis (cell drinking) and phagocytosis (cell eating). It is a form of active transport.
WZLR
WZLR (95.3 FM), known as "95.3 and 101.1 The Eagle," is a radio station broadcasting a 1980s classic hits format currently owned by Cox Media Group. Licensed to Xenia, Ohio, United States, it serves the Dayton area. According to the Federal Communications Commission's website, the station has transmitted with an effective radiated power of 6,000 watts since 1998. Its studios are co-located with other Cox Media properties in the Cox Media Center building near downtown Dayton. WZLR's transmitter is located in Xenia and translator on the WHIO-TV tower in Germantown, Ohio.

Germantown, Ohio
Germantown is a city in Montgomery County, Ohio, United States.  The population was 5,796 at the 2020 census. A part of the Dayton metropolitan area, Germantown was founded by German Americans from Pennsylvania and was once home to a cigar industry.
José Alberto Castañeda
José Alberto Castañeda Pérez (born 3 September 1949) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party. As of 2014 he served as Senator of the LVIII and LIX Legislatures of the Mexican Congress representing Yucatán and as Deputy of the LVII Legislature.

LVIII Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LVIII Legislature of the Congress of the Union of Mexico (58th Congress) met from 1 September 2000 to 31 August 2003. All 628 members of the two chambers of Congress were elected in the elections of July 2000.
Macedonia, Glenrothes
Macedonia is a precinct in Glenrothes, Scotland. Macedonia lies just south of the River Leven and one mile (1.6 km) west of the Kingdom Shopping Centre. According to the 2011 census the data zones of Macedonia West, Macedonia East and Macedonia North have a combined population of 2,021. Its street names are derived from towns, villages and burghs in southern Scotland (e.g., Roxburgh, Ancrum, Ayton, Moffat), while Macedonia itself was named after a farmstead which once stood south of the area. Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation figures from 2020 indicate that Macedonia falls within the 10–20% most deprived communities in Scotland.

River Leven, Fife
The River Leven (Scottish Gaelic: Lìobhann / Abhainn Lìobhann) is a river in Fife, Scotland. It flows from Loch Leven into the Firth of Forth at the town of Leven. The river is 47 km long and is home to brown trout and hosts a run of sea trout and atlantic salmon. The estuary has bass and mullet. The river has a number of barriers such as sluice gates, weirs and dams.

In previous centuries its water was used to power linen mills on its banks, particularly near Markinch, as well as three paper mills: Smith Anderson in Leslie, and Tullis Russell and John Dixon of Markinch. The river was heavily modified and had its water levels increased in the late 19th century to suit the growning industries of coal mining, paper mills and jute mills of the time.

The River Ore, Fife is a tributary of the River Leven, joining it at 56°11′26″N 3°04′18″W﻿ / ﻿56.190492°N 3.071665°W﻿ / 56.190492; -3.071665.
Salí River
The Salí River (Spanish: Río Salí) is a large river in north-west Argentina. It is the most important river in Tucumán Province; most cities and towns in the province, including its capital, San Miguel de Tucumán, lay on its basin.

The Salí is fed by precipitation captured in the Calchaquíes range next to Salta Province, and its flow is increased by the numerous streams from the Sierra del Aconquija range, and other rivers. Flowing mostly through the province of Tucumán, its river basin also includes parts of Salta and Catamarca provinces. The Salí continues to Santiago del Estero Province with the name of Dulce River, and dies at the Mar Chiquita lagoon in Córdoba Province.

Three main dams have been constructed both for the production of hydroelectric energy and irrigation; two in the Tucumán Province: El Cadillal and Escaba, and Los Quiroga in Santiago del Estero Province.

Provinces of Argentina
Argentina has 23 provinces (Spanish: provincias, singular provincia) and one autonomous city, Buenos Aires, which serves as the federal capital, as determined by Congress.

The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions and exist under a federal system.
PPADS
PPADS (pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid) is a selective purinergic P2X antagonist.  It is able to block contractions of rabbit vas deferens induced by ATP or α,β,methylene-ATP. It appears to be relatively selective for P2X receptors, having no appreciable activity at α1 adrenergic, muscarinic M2 and M3, histamine H1, and adenosine A1 receptors.

Histamine H1 receptor
The H1 receptor is a histamine receptor belonging to the family of rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptors. This receptor is activated by the biogenic amine histamine. It is expressed in smooth muscles, on vascular endothelial cells, in the heart, and in the central nervous system. The H1 receptor is linked to an intracellular G-protein (Gq) that activates phospholipase C and the inositol triphosphate (IP3) signalling pathway. Antihistamines, which act on this receptor, are used as anti-allergy drugs. The crystal structure of the receptor has been determined (shown on the right/below) and used to discover new histamine H1 receptor ligands in structure-based virtual screening studies.
Joel D. Jackson
Joel Douglas Jackson is a retired United States Air Force major general who last served as commander of the Air Force District of Washington and 320th Air Expeditionary Wing from 2021 to 2023. He previously served as the director of operations, strategic deterrence, and nuclear integration of the Air Mobility Command.

Air Mobility Command
The Air Mobility Command (AMC) is a Major Command (MAJCOM) of the U.S. Air Force. It is headquartered at Scott Air Force Base, Illinois, east of St. Louis, Missouri, near Mascoutah, Illinois.

Air Mobility Command was established on 1 June 1992 and was formed from elements of the inactivated Military Airlift Command (MAC) and Strategic Air Command (SAC).  AMC melded MAC's worldwide airlift system of primarily C-5 Galaxy, C-141 Starlifter (later replaced by C-17 Globemaster III beginning in 1995), and C-130 Hercules airlift aircraft with SAC's tanker force of KC-135 Stratotanker and KC-10 Extender aerial refueling aircraft, the latter air refueling aircraft having been freed from their strategic nuclear strike commitment to SAC's B-52 Stratofortress and B-1 Lancer bomber fleet by the end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union.  In 2016, the Air Force Historical Research Agency consolidated the histories of AMC and MAC, extending AMC's lineage back to 1941.
The Inner Life of the Cell
The Inner Life of the Cell is an 8.5-minute 3D computer graphics animation demonstrating the molecular mechanisms that occur when a white blood cell in the blood vessels of the human body is activated by inflammation (Leukocyte extravasation). It shows how a white blood cell rolls along the inner surface of the capillary, flattens out, and squeezes through the cells of the capillary wall to the site of inflammation where it contributes to the immune reaction.

Capillary
A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system. Capillaries are microvessels and the smallest blood vessels in the body. They are composed of only the tunica intima (the innermost layer of an artery or vein), consisting of a thin wall of simple squamous endothelial cells. They are the site of the exchange of many substances from the surrounding interstitial fluid, and they convey blood from the smallest branches of the arteries (arterioles) to those of the veins (venules). Other substances which cross capillaries include water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, urea, glucose, uric acid, lactic acid and creatinine. Lymph capillaries connect with larger lymph vessels to drain lymphatic fluid collected in microcirculation.
Infiniti Essence
The Infiniti Essence is a concept sports car designed to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the Infiniti brand. The vehicle was unveiled at the 2009 Geneva Motor Show.
 The car is a hybrid electric vehicle and is among the first energy-efficient cars Infiniti has released.

The vehicle was designed by Infiniti design director Takashi Nakajima. Its external appearance is a modern interpretation of "coke bottle styling", a feature that was very popular during the 1960s and 1970s internationally. The interior design was initially conceived (Paul Ray) in the Nissan Design Europe studio based in Paddington, London. Following the interior concept being chosen it was then further developed and built in Japan.

The Essence concept is not expected to enter production, but elements from the car were planned to be incorporated into later Infiniti models.

Coke bottle styling
Coke bottle styling is an automotive body design with a narrow center surrounded by flaring fenders. This design element bears a general resemblance to a Coca-Cola classic glass contour bottle design, and was inspired by the tapering middle fuselage of contemporary fighter jets. Industrial designer Raymond Loewy, who in 1955 had re-designed the actual Coke bottle as well, introduced it on the radical 1962 Studebaker Avanti gran turismo.
North Village Historic District
The North Village Historic District encompasses a well-preserved 19th-century rural village on  North Main Street in Lancaster, Massachusetts.  The district includes a collection of houses, most dating to the first half of the 19th century or earlier.  The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

Lancaster, Massachusetts
Lancaster is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. Incorporated in 1653, Lancaster is the oldest town in Worcester County. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 8,441. It contains the village of South Lancaster.
Reinhold Olesch
Reinhold Olesch (September 24, 1910 in Zalenze, Upper Silesia – June 23, 1990 in Brühl, Rhineland) was a linguist, Slavic studies Professor of University of Vienna. He researched the Slavonic dialects of Upper Silesia, which he recognized as his mother tongue. He published several works about them, including: "Die slawischen Dialekte Oberschlesiens" (Slavonic dialects of Upper Silesia) and "Beiträge zur oberschlesischen Dialektforschung – Die Mundart der Kobylorze".

Brühl (Rhineland)
Brühl (pronounced [bʁyːl] ⓘ) is a town in the Rhineland, Germany. It is located in the district of Rhine-Erft, 20 km south of the Cologne city center and at the edge of the Rhineland Nature Park, a famous nature reserve.
French ship Artémis
Two submarines of the French Navy have borne the name Artémis in honour of the goddess Artemis:

French submarine Artémis (1914), an Amphitrite-class submarine launched in 1914 and struck in 1927.

French submarine Artémis (Q206), an Aurore-class submarine launched in 1942 and struck in 1967.

French submarine Artémis (1914)
The French submarine Artémis was one of eight Amphitrite-class submarines built for the French Navy during the 1910s and completed during World War I. Completed in 1916, she served in the Adriatic Sea during the war and was sold for scrap in 1927.
Crépey
Crépey (French pronunciation: [kʁepɛ]) is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.

The altitude of the commune of Crépey ranges between 297 and 434 meters. The area of the commune is 20.90 km2.

Meurthe-et-Moselle
Meurthe-et-Moselle (French pronunciation: [mœʁt e mɔzɛl] ⓘ, lit. 'Meurthe and Moselle') is a department in the Grand Est region of France, named after the rivers Meurthe and Moselle. Its prefecture and largest city is Nancy and it borders the departments of Meuse to the west, Vosges to the south, Moselle and Bas-Rhin and it borders the Belgian province of Luxembourg and the country of Luxembourg by the canton of Esch-sur-Alzette to the north. It had a population of 733,760 in 2019.
Alexander Bortnikov
Alexander Vasilyevich Bortnikov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Бо́ртников; born 15 November 1951) is a Russian intelligence officer who has served as the director of the Federal Security Service (FSB) since 2008. He is one of the most powerful members of the silovik faction of president Vladimir Putin's inner circle. A Hero of the Russian Federation since 2019, he also holds the rank of General of the Army, the second highest grade in use in the Russian military. According to some experts, it is likely Bortnikov played a key role in Putin's decision to invade Ukraine in 2022.

Army general (Russia)
Army general (Russian: Генера́л а́рмии, romanized: Generál ármii) is the second highest military rank in Russia, subordinate only to a marshal and superior to a colonel general. It is a direct counterpart of the Soviet Army General rank.

At present it is also the highest rank in the air force, artillery, aerospace defense forces, armored troops, engineer troops and signal troops, unlike the Soviet Union where similarly ranked officers were called marshals and chief marshals of a branch. The corresponding naval rank is admiral of the fleet.

On appointment as Defence Minister on 7 May 1992, Pavel Grachev was the first officer to be promoted to this rank. Vladimir Yakovlev was promoted to this grade while serving as commander of the Strategic Missile Forces (1997–2001).
Vikaspedia
Vikaspedia is an Indian online encyclopaedia, launched by the Government of India. The website was implemented by C-DAC Hyderabad and is run by the Department of Electronics and Information Technology, Ministry of Communications and Information Technology.  It is built as a portal for the social sectors, and offers information in 23 languages: English, Assamese, Telugu, Hindi, Bengali, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil, Bodo, Dogri, Sanskrit, Kashmiri, Konkani, Nepali, Odia, Urdu, Maithili, Meitei, Santali, Sindhi, Punjabi, and Marathi.

It was started on 18 February 2014 and has information in the domains of Agriculture, Health, Education, Social Welfare, Energy and e-Governance. The name of the portal is a portmanteau of the words Vikas (Sanskrit for "Development") and encyclopedia. The portal provides information in local languages in all six given sectors.

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing
18°33′06″N 73°49′26″E﻿ / ﻿18.551747°N 73.823750°E﻿ / 18.551747; 73.823750

The Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) is an Indian autonomous scientific society, operating under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology.
Beinn Mheadhoin (Morvern)
Beinn Mheadhoin (739 m) is a mountain in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland. It is located in the Morvern area of Lochaber.

A peak of various ridges with a fine summit, it lies close to the settlement of Glensanda. A huge granite quarry has taken chunks out of its southern slopes.

Northwest Highlands
57°30′N 5°0′W﻿ / ﻿57.500°N 5.000°W﻿ / 57.500; -5.000
The Northwest Highlands are located in the northern third of Scotland that is separated from the Grampian Mountains by the Great Glen (Glen More). The region comprises Wester Ross, Assynt, Sutherland and part of Caithness. The Caledonian Canal, which extends from Loch Linnhe in the south-west, via Loch Ness to the Moray Firth in the north-east splits this area from the rest of the country. The city of Inverness and the town of Fort William serve as gateways to the region from the south.
NGC 4790
NGC 4790 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Virgo. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 1679 ± 24 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 80.8 ± 5.8 Mly (24.76 ± 1.77 Mpc) away from the Solar System. In addition, six non-redshift measurements give a distance of 74.75 ± 4.07 Mly (22.917 ± 1.249 Mpc). NGC 4790 was discovered on 25 March 1786 by German-British astronomer William Herschel.

NGC 4790 is a member of the NGC 4699 Group (also known as LGG 307) of galaxies, which is a member of the Virgo II Groups, a series of galaxies and galaxy clusters strung out from the southern edge of the Virgo Supercluster.

One supernova has been observed in NGC 4790. SN 2012au (type Ib, mag. 13.8) was discovered by the Catalina Sky Survey on 14 March 2012. This supernova later produced evidence of a pulsar wind nebula which appears to be expanding outward at approximately 2300 km/s.

Lyons Groups of Galaxies
Lyons Groups of Galaxies (or LGG) is an astronomical catalog of nearby groups of galaxies complete to a limiting apparent magnitude B0=14.0 with a recession velocity smaller than 5,500 km/s. The catalogue was obtained from the Lyon-Meudon Extragalactic Database. Two methods were used in group construction: a percolation method derived from Huchra and Geller  and a hierarchical method initiated by R. Brent Tully. The catalog is a synthesized version of the two results.

The LGG includes 485 groups and 3,933 member galaxies.
Lactobacillus gasseri
Lactobacillus gasseri is a species in the genus Lactobacillus identified in 1980 by François Gasser and his associates.

L. gasseri is a  normal inhabitant of the intestines of men and women and lower reproductive tract in healthy women. It is one of the four main species of Lactobacillus considered to be the major part of the vaginal microbiota, along with Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus jensenii, and Lactobacillus iners.

Lactobacillus gasseri produces gassericin A, a bacteriocin. It also produces Lactocillin.

Its 1.89 Mbp genome was sequenced in 2008.

Its strain Lg-36 eliminates C. difficile infection after taking antibiotics.

Bacteriocin
Bacteriocins are proteinaceous or peptidic toxins produced by bacteria to inhibit the growth of similar or closely related bacterial strain(s). They are similar to yeast and paramecium killing factors, and are structurally, functionally, and ecologically diverse. Applications of bacteriocins are being tested to assess their application as narrow-spectrum antibiotics.

Bacteriocins were first discovered by André Gratia in 1925.  He was involved in the process of searching for ways to kill bacteria, which also resulted in the development of antibiotics and the discovery of bacteriophage, all within a span of a few years.  He called his first discovery a colicine because it was made by E. coli.
Kudair mandal
Kudair mandal is one of the 31 mandals in Anantapur district of the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. It is under the administration of Anantapuramu revenue division and the headquarters are located at Kudair village.

Anantapuramu revenue division
14°40′55″N 77°36′02″E﻿ / ﻿14.68189°N 77.60059°E﻿ / 14.68189; 77.60059

Anantapuramu revenue division is an administrative division in the Ananthapuram district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is one of the 3 revenue divisions in the district with 12 mandals under its administration. The divisional headquarters is located at Ananthapuram.