hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Information Technology Task Force
The ISO/IEC Information Technology Task Force (ITTF) is a body jointly formed by ISO and IEC responsible for the planning and coordination of the work of JTC 1. It has several responsibilities described in the JTC 1 Directives clause 4.1 including:

day-to-day planning and coordination of the technical work

supervising the application of rules

advising JTC 1 on points of procedure

administration of ballots

publishing activities, including the printing, distribution and sale of International Standards

ISO/IEC JTC 1
ISO/IEC JTC 1, entitled "Information technology", is a joint technical committee (JTC) of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its purpose is to develop, maintain and promote standards in the fields of information and communications technology (ICT).

JTC 1 has been responsible for many critical IT standards, ranging from the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) image formats and Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) audio and video formats to the C and C++ programming languages.
Martha N. Johnson
Martha N. Johnson (born 1952) is an American human resources executive and government official who served as Administrator of General Services from 2010 to 2012. Johnson resigned on April 2, 2012, following a scathing Inspector General report that revealed a "gross misuse of taxpayer dollars" on an internal conference that was "excessive, wasteful, and in some cases impermissible."

Kit Bond
Christopher Samuel Bond (March 6, 1939 – May 13, 2025) was an American attorney and politician from Missouri. A member of the Republican Party, he served as a U.S. senator from 1987 to 2011, following two non-consecutive terms as the governor of Missouri from 1973 to 1977 and 1981 to 1985, and two years as State Auditor of Missouri from 1971 to 1973. His first election as governor ended a 28-year Democratic streak in that office.

Elected to the U.S. Senate in 1986, Bond defeated Democrat Harriett Woods by a margin of 53–47%. He was re-elected in 1992, 1998, and 2004. On January 8, 2009, he announced that he would not seek re-election to a fifth term in 2010, and was succeeded by fellow Republican Roy Blunt on January 3, 2011. Following his retirement from the Senate, Bond became a partner at Thompson Coburn.
Humphrey Fleming Senhouse
Captain Sir Humphrey Fleming Senhouse KCH CB (29 June 1781 – 13 June 1841) was a British Royal Navy officer. He served in the Napoleonic Wars, War of 1812, and First Anglo-Chinese War. In China, he was the senior naval officer of the British fleet from 31 March 1841 until his death on board his flagship, HMS Blenheim, in Hong Kong from fever contracted during the capture of Canton.

Captain (Royal Navy)
Captain (Capt.) is a senior officer rank of the Royal Navy. It ranks above commander and below commodore and has a NATO ranking code of OF-5.  The rank is equivalent to a colonel in the British Army and Royal Marines, and to a group captain in the Royal Air Force.  There are similarly named equivalent ranks in the navies of many other countries.
Cherry Box, Missouri
Cherry Box is an unincorporated community in northwestern Shelby County, Missouri, United States. The community is on Missouri Route B 3.5 miles northwest of Leonard. The North Fork of the Salt River flows past two miles to the west of the community.

Missouri supplemental route
A supplemental route is a state secondary road in the U.S. state of Missouri, designated with letters. Supplemental routes were various roads within the state which the Missouri Department of Transportation was given in 1952 to maintain in addition to the regular routes, though lettered routes had been in use from at least 1932. The four types of roads designated as Routes are:

Farm to market roads

Roads to state parks

Former alignments of U.S. or state highways

Short routes connecting state highways from other states to routes in Missouri

Supplemental routes make up 19,064 miles (30,681 km) (59%) of the state highway system.
Marvel Comics rating system
The Marvel Comics rating system is a system for rating the content of comic books, with regard to appropriateness for different age groups. In 2001, Marvel Comics withdrew from the Comics Code Authority and established its own rating system for its publications. This was precipitated by the CCA refusing approval of the seal due to the strong depiction of violence in X-Force #116, a comic written by Peter Milligan and drawn by Mike Allred. As well, by withdrawing from the CCA, this is seen as a move by editor-in-chief Joe Quesada to lure more high-profile creators to Marvel Comics. Modern ratings are usually found on the comic's UPC box.

Joe Quesada
Joseph Quesada (/kəˈsɑːdə/; born January 12, 1962) is an American comic book artist, writer, editor, and television producer. He became known in the 1990s for his work on various Valiant Comics books, such as Ninjak and Solar, Man of the Atom. He also worked on numerous books for DC Comics and Marvel Comics, such as Batman: Sword of Azrael and X-Factor, before forming his own company, Event Comics, where he published his creator-owned character, Ash.

In 1998 he became an editor of Marvel Comics' Marvel Knights line, before becoming editor-in-chief of the company in 2000. He was named chief creative officer of Marvel Entertainment in 2010 and left his editor-in-chief role in January 2011, being replaced by Axel Alonso. His position was re-titled as executive vice president and creative director in October 2019. He left the company in 2022.
Cyperus pseudothyrsiflorus
Cyperus pseudothyrsiflorus is a plant species native to Nuevo León, New Mexico and Texas, It occurs in cultivated fields and other disturbed areas at elevations of less than 1000 m (3400 feet).

Cyperus pseudothyrsiflorus is a perennial herb spreading by underground rhizomes. Stems are triangular in cross-section, up to 40 cm (16 inches) tall.

It is a member of Cyperus, subgenus Cyperus, section Umbellati. It was first formally described as a new variety of C. uniflorus by Georg Kükenthal in 1937, but was promoted to an independent species in 1997. It is very similar to C. uniflorus, which is now known as C. retroflexus.

Section (botany)
In botany, a section (Latin: sectio) is a taxonomic rank below the genus, but above the species. The subgenus, if present, is higher than the section, and the rank of series, if present, is below the section. Sections may in turn be divided into subsections.

Sections are typically used to help organise very large genera, which may have hundreds of species. A botanist wanting to distinguish groups of species may prefer to create a taxon at the rank of section or series to avoid making new combinations, i.e. many new binomial names for the species involved.

Examples:

Lilium sectio Martagon Rchb. are the Turks' cap lilies

Plagiochila aerea Taylor is the type species of Plagiochila sect. Bursatae
Smart Telecom (Uganda)
Smart Telecom (Uganda) was a private telecommunications company in Uganda, operating from 2014 to August 31, 2021. Headquartered in Kampala, it offered low-cost mobile voice and 3G data services, primarily targeting price-sensitive urban customers. Owned by Industrial Promotion Services (IPS), a subsidiary of the Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development (AKFED), Smart Telecom struggled to compete with MTN Uganda and Airtel Uganda, exiting due to financial losses and increased challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development
Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development SA is a Swiss for-profit entity and international development finance institution which invests in countries of East Africa, West Africa, Central Asia, and South Asia. It is based in Geneva, Switzerland. It was founded by Aga Khan IV and is part of the Aga Khan Development Network.
Graphis norstictica
Graphis norstictica is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. It was described as new to science in 2009. This lichen forms pale greyish patches on tree bark with elongated, branched fruiting structures that contain a chemical compound called norstictic acid. It has been found in tropical regions including the Philippines, Kenya, and Papua New Guinea, where it grows on the bark of trees.

Graphidaceae
The Graphidaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. The family contains nearly a hundred genera and more than 2000 species. Although the family has a cosmopolitan distribution, most Graphidaceae species occur in tropical regions, and typically grow on bark. These lichens are characterized by their crust-like growth form and typically partner with orange-pigmented Trentepohlia algae. Many species produce distinctive elongated, slit-like fruiting bodies, and some have unusually large ascospores that can begin germinating almost immediately upon release. The family originated approximately 176 million years ago and has diversified steadily since, with major bursts of new species arising alongside the spread of flowering plants and tropical rainforests.
Derek Thompson (baseball)
Derek Ryan Thompson (born January 8, 1981) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball for the Los Angeles Dodgers during the 2005 season.

He was drafted by the Cleveland Indians in the 1st round of the 2000 Major League Baseball draft and pitched in the Indians minor league system for the Burlington Indians (2000), Columbus Indians (2001–2002) and Kinston Indians (2002). He was drafted by the Chicago Cubs in the Rule 5 draft on December 16, 2002, and then sold to the Los Angeles Dodgers. For the Dodgers he played for the Jacksonville Suns in 2004 & 2005, appearing in the Southern League All-Star Game in 2004.

Thompson pitched briefly for Triple-A Las Vegas in 2005 before he was called up to the Los Angeles Dodgers. He started 3 games for the Dodgers in 2005. He was released by the Dodgers after the season, and signed a minor league contract with the Oakland Athletics.

Columbus RedStixx
The Columbus RedStixx were a minor league baseball team in Columbus, Georgia. They were a Class A team in the South Atlantic League, and a farm team of the Cleveland Indians. They were known as the Columbus Indians for the 1991 season.

The RedStixx played home games at Golden Park, except during 1996. The team's home games were moved to Ragsdale Field on the campus of Columbus State University, while Golden Park was renovated to accommodate softball events for the 1996 Atlanta Olympics. The name "RedStixx" refers to the Red Sticks, a faction of the Muscogee tribe of the area.
Bangur Nagar metro station
Bangur Nagar is the elevated metro station serving Bangur Nagra neighbourhood of Goregaon on the North-South corridor of the Yellow Line 2A of the Mumbai Metro in Mumbai, India. This station is owned by the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA), and was inaugurated on 19 January 2023.

Yellow Line (Mumbai Metro)
Yellow Line (Line 2) is a rapid transit metro line of the Mumbai Metro in the city of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. The line connects Dahisar in the northwest with Mandale in Mankhurd, via Andheri, BKC, and Chembur in the east. Phase One of Line 2A was partially opened on 2 April 2022, from Dahisar (East) to Dahanukarwadi. Line 2A was completely opened on 19 January 2023 from Dahanukarwadi to Andheri (West) and consisted of eight new stations.

Construction on the first section of the line, called Metro 2A (between Dahisar and D.N. Road), began in November 2016 and was completed in April 2022. This section will be 18.589 km (11.551 mi) long, and comprise 17 of the 39 stations that form part of this route. The new 9.5 km (5.903 mi) section of the Yellow Line from Dahanukarwadi to DN Nagar, was inaugurated on 19 January 2023, by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
Linopirdine
Linopirdine is a putative cognition-enhancing drug with a novel mechanism of action.  Linopirdine blocks the KCNQ2\3 heteromer M current with an IC50 of 2.4 micromolar disinhibiting acetylcholine release, and increasing hippocampal CA3-schaffer collateral mediated glutamate release onto CA1 pyramidal neurons.  In a murine model linopirdine is able to nearly completely reverse the senescence-related decline in cortical c-FOS, an effect which is blocked by atropine and MK-801, suggesting Linopirdine can compensate for the age related decline in acetylcholine release.  Linopirdine also blocks homomeric KCNQ1 and KCNQ4 voltage gated potassium channels which contribute to vascular tone with substantially less selectivity than KCNQ2/3. Linopirdine also acts as a glycine receptor antagonist in concentrations typical for Kv7 studies in the brain.

Pyramidal cell
Pyramidal cells, or pyramidal neurons, are a type of multipolar neuron found in areas of the brain including the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus, and the amygdala. Pyramidal cells are the primary excitation units of the mammalian prefrontal cortex and the corticospinal tract. One of the main structural features of the pyramidal neuron is the conic shaped soma, or cell body, after which the neuron is named. Other key structural features of the pyramidal cell are a single axon, a large apical dendrite, multiple basal dendrites, and the presence of dendritic spines.

Pyramidal neurons are also one of two cell types where the characteristic sign, Negri bodies, are found in post-mortem rabies infection. Pyramidal neurons were first discovered and studied by Santiago Ramón y Cajal. Since then, studies on pyramidal neurons have focused on topics ranging from neuroplasticity to cognition.
Edward Warren (politician)
Sir Edward Emerton Warren, KCMG, KBE (26 August 1897 – 8 September 1983) was an Australian politician.

Warren was born in Broken Hill to mine manager John Warren. He was educated locally and in North Sydney, and was an office boy in a colliery firm from 1914. From 1915 to 1919 he served in the Australian Imperial Force, being awarded the Meritorious Service Medal. On his return he rejoined the colliery firm, and eventually rose to become general manager in 1945. In 1955 he was the foundation chairman of the Australian Coal Association, serving until 1972.

From 1955 to 1978 Warren was a Liberal member of the New South Wales Legislative Council. He was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1956, a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1959, and a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1969. Warren died at Clifton Gardens in 1983.

Meritorious Service Medal (Australia)
The Australian Meritorious Service Medal (1903–75) was awarded to warrant officers, non-commissioned officers and other ranks who had completed 22 years meritorious service with Australian Military Forces, and who had previously received the Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.
Comet tail
A comet tail is a projection of material from a comet that often becomes visible when illuminated by the Sun, while the comet passes through the inner Solar System. As a comet approaches the Sun, solar radiation causes the volatile materials within the comet to vaporize and stream out of the comet nucleus, carrying dust away with them.

Blown by the solar wind, these materials typically form two separate tails that extend outwards from the comet's orbit: the dust tail, composed of comet dust, and the gas or ion tail, composed of ionized gases. They become visible through different mechanisms: the dust tail reflects sunlight directly, while the gas tail glows because of the ionization.

Larger dust particles are less affected by solar wind and tend to persist along the comet's trajectory, forming a dust trail which, when seen from Earth in certain conditions, appears as an anti-tail (or antitail) extending in the opposite directions to the main tail.

Vaporization
Vaporization (vapourisation in British English) of an element or compound is a phase transition from the liquid phase to vapor. There are two types of vaporization: evaporation and boiling. Evaporation is a surface phenomenon, whereas boiling is a bulk phenomenon (a phenomenon in which the whole object or substance is involved in the process).
Grabovo, Beočin
Grabovo (Serbian Cyrillic: Грабово) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Beočin municipality, in the Vojvodina province. Although, the village is geographically located in Syrmia, it is part of the South Bačka District. The village has a Serb ethnic majority. The population of the village, numbering 65 people according to a 2022 census, is steadily declining and the village is in danger of disappearing.

Syrmia
Syrmia (Croatian: Srijem; Serbian: Срем, romanized: Srem; Pannonian Rusyn: Срим, romanized: Srim) is a region of the southern Pannonian Plain, which lies between the Danube and Sava rivers. It is divided between Croatia and Serbia. Most of the region is flat, with the exception of the low Fruška Gora mountain stretching along the Danube in its northern part.
Tsentralnoye, Belgorod Oblast
Tsentralnoye (Russian: Центральное) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Tsentralnoye Rural Settlement, Rakityansky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 678 as of 2010. There are 9 streets.

Rakityansky District
Rakityansky District (Russian: Ракитя́нский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Belgorod Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Rakityansky Municipal District. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 900.9 square kilometers (347.8 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Rakitnoye. Population: 33,284 (2021 Census); 33,935 (2010 Census); 35,031 (2002 Census); 49,580 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Rakitnoye accounts for 30.2% of the district's total population.
Gateway to the Great Books
Gateway to the Great Books is a 10-volume collection of classic fiction and nonfiction literature edited by Mortimer Adler and Robert Maynard Hutchins, with Clifton Fadiman credited as associate editor, that was published by Encyclopædia Britannica in 1963.

The set was designed to be an introduction to the Great Books of the Western World, published by the same organization and editors in 1952. The set included selections of short stories, plays, essays, letters, and extracts from longer works by more than one hundred authors. The selections were generally shorter and in some ways simpler than the full-length books included in Great Books of the Western World.

Clifton Fadiman
Clifton Paul "Kip" Fadiman (May 15, 1904 – June 20, 1999) was an American intellectual, author, editor, and radio and television personality. He began his work in radio, and switched to television later in his career.
Liu Yin (curler)
Liu Yin (simplified Chinese: 柳荫; traditional Chinese: 柳蔭; pinyin: Liǔ Yìn; born August 19, 1981 in Harbin, Heilongjiang; usually referred to in the media as Yin Liu) is a Chinese curler from Harbin. For many years she played third on the Chinese national team skipped by Wang Bingyu.

Third (curling)
In curling, a third (alternatively, vice, vice-skip or mate) is the team member who delivers the second-to-last pair of a team's stones in an end. The third is in charge of calling, strategy and directing the sweepers when the skip is delivering their stones, but sweeps for the lead and second. The vices of each team are responsible for determining and recording the score after each end, and in most clubs, will determine by lot which team begins a game with the hammer and what colour stones each team will use. The third position requires a curler adept at executing shots with a high degree of accuracy, especially draws and other finesse shots, as the third needs to set up the house for the skip's stones.
WSYN
WSYN (103.1 FM, "Sunny 103.1") is a classic hits music formatted radio station licensed to Surfside Beach, South Carolina and serves the Grand Strand area.  The Cumulus Media outlet is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to broadcast at 103.1 MHz with an ERP of 8 kW. Its current slogan is "The Grand Strand's Greatest Hits".  Its studios are located on U.S. Highway 17 in Murrells Inlet, South Carolina, and its transmitter is located in Carolina Forest.

Surfside Beach, South Carolina
Surfside Beach is a town in Horry County, South Carolina, United States. Its nickname is "The Family Beach". The population was 4,155 at the 2020 census, up from 3,837 in 2010. It is considered a part of the Grand Strand.
2014 Australian Drivers' Championship
The 2014 Australian Drivers' Championship was a CAMS sanctioned Australian motor racing title,  with the winner awarded the 2014 CAMS Gold Star. It was the 58th Australian Drivers' Championship and the tenth to use open wheel racing cars constructed in accordance with FIA Formula 3 regulations. The championship began on 27 February at the Adelaide Parklands Circuit and ended on 2 November at Sydney Motorsport Park after seven rounds across five different states and territories. Formula 3 Management Pty Ltd was appointed by CAMS as the Category Manager for the Championship. The championship was promoted as the 2014 Formula 3 Australian Drivers' Championship with the winner awarded the 58th Australian Drivers' Championship and the 14th Australian Formula 3 Championship.

The championship was won by Simon Hodge, driving a Mygale M11 Mercedes-Benz for Team BRM.

Motorsport Australia
Motorsport Australia, formerly the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport (CAMS), is the nationally recognised governing and sanctioning body for four-wheeled motorsport in Australia. It is affiliated with the Federation Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA).
Lac-Édouard, Quebec
Lac-Édouard (French pronunciation: [lak edwaʁ]) is a municipality in the Mauricie region of the province of Quebec in Canada. Its village centre is located along the Canadian National Railway at the north end of the namesake Lake Édouard.

On March 26, 2003, it became part of the City of La Tuque as part of the early 2000s municipal reorganization in Quebec, but following a 2004 referendum, the Municipalities of La Bostonnais and Lac-Édouard were reconstituted on January 1, 2006. It remains part of the urban agglomeration of La Tuque. It had formerly been part of Le Haut-Saint-Maurice Regional County Municipality, which was abolished in the wake of the merger; after demerger, it is one of the few municipalities (other than in the Nord-du-Québec region) that is not part of any regional county municipality.

Nord-du-Québec
Nord-du-Québec (French pronunciation: [nɔʁ d͜zy kebɛk]; English: Northern Quebec) is the largest, but the least populous, of the seventeen administrative regions of Quebec, Canada.

Spread over nearly 14 degrees of latitude, north of the 49th parallel, the region covers 860,692 km2 (332,315 sq mi) on the Labrador Peninsula, making it larger than Alberta, and slightly smaller than British Columbia or Ontario. It is just over half of the province's total land area.
Julio César Campozano
Julio César Campozano (Latin American Spanish: [ˈxuljo ˈsesaɾ kampoˈsano]; born 31 January 1986) is a retired Ecuadorian tennis player.

He won seven singles and five doubles Futures titles, and he won doubles title in 2009 Guayaquil Challenger, competing with his compatriot Emilio Gómez. They defeated Andreas Haider-Maurer and Lars Pörschke 6–7(2–7), 6–3, [10–8] in the final.

He is a member of the Ecuador Davis Cup team. His coaches are Alejandro Fabri and Matias Rizzo.

Lars Pörschke
Lars Pörschke (born 17 June 1984) is a former German tennis player.

Pörschke has a career high ATP singles ranking of 277 achieved on 30 November 2009. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 315 achieved on 28 December 2009.

Pörschke made his ATP main draw debut at the 2009 SAP Open after receiving a wildcard into the singles main draw.