hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
WBWA
WBWA (89.9 FM) is a radio station in Buffalo, New York, broadcasting contemporary worship music from the Air 1 network without local deviation outside of station identification. It is owned by the Educational Media Foundation. Unlike most Buffalo stations, its signal is mostly audible only in the Southtowns, and has no over-the-air availability across Lake Ontario into the Greater Toronto Area; a weak signal and adjacent-channel interference from public radio stations WNJA and WPSX make the station inaudible in most of the western Southern Tier.

Station identification
Station identification (ident, network ID, channel ID or bumper) is the practice of radio and television stations and networks identifying themselves on-air, typically by means of a call sign or brand name (sometimes known, particularly in the United States, as a "sounder", "stinger" or "sting", more generally as a station or network ID). This may be to satisfy requirements of licensing authorities, a form of branding, or a combination of both. As such, it is closely related to production logos, used in television and cinema alike.

Station identification used to be done regularly by an announcer at the halfway point during the presentation of a television program, or in between programs.
Spike (stagecraft)
In stagecraft, a spike is a marking, usually made with a piece of tape (although some theatres use paint pens), put on or around the stage. This marking is used to show the correct position for set pieces, furniture, actors and other items which move during the course of a performance and are required to stop or be placed in a specific location.

Several companies make rolls of very thin gaffer's or paper tape marketed as "spike tape" specifically for placing spikes.  In a pinch, gaffer, masking or electrical tape can be used. When used to indicate locations under dark conditions, phosphorescent tape (sometimes referred to as "glow tape") is used for practical and safety reasons.  Performer spikes are generally only used when positioning needs to be precise, either for safety or performance reasons, such as lighting specials.

Special (lighting)
In stage lighting, a special is a lighting instrument used for a very specific purpose, rather than as part of a system such as an area light or color wash. It is typically used alone, or at a higher level than the other instruments. They can be used to highlight specific objects onstage, such as pieces of furniture, or to fill gaps not covered by less-specific area lights. They can also create a very specific effect onstage, such as sunlight through a window, or gobo rotation. They are generally wired to their own circuits, dimmers and channels, to be independently controlled.
Jogendra Sharma
Jogendra Sharma is a Delhi based CPI(M) leader. He is a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and is also a Central Secretariat Member. He was the State Secretary of Delhi CPI(M) from 1985 to 1997. As of 2025, he is member of CPIM Central Secretariat.

He came in contact with the CPM in 1969 through his college teachers, when he was in his 1st year in Delhi College (now Zakir Husain Delhi College) in Delhi University. SFI, Students' Federation of India came into being in 1970 and since the beginning of SFI he worked both on the Students front and the Trade Union front.

He went on to work extensively for the Centre of Indian Trade Unions (CITU), formally, from 1977 to 1990.

He also taught Hindi Literature in Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi from 1974 to 1994. He took voluntary retirement as a Hindi Reader from The University Of Delhi after 20 years of service in 1994.

Centre of Indian Trade Unions
The Centre of Indian Trade Unions (CITU) is a National trade union in India. It is associated with the Communist Party of India (Marxist). It has presence mostly in the Indian state of Tripura, West Bengal, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.

CITU has an estimated membership of 6,200,000 in 2023.

Tapan Kumar Sen is the General Secretary and K. Hemalata is the president of CITU. Hemalata was the first woman president of CITU, who was elected after A. K. Padmanabhan. It runs a monthly organ named WORKING CLASS.

CITU is affiliated to the World Federation of Trade Unions. At present the multiple industrial federations are functioning at the national level with CITU. .

It is also affiliated with AIITEU, workers union for IT/ITES employees in India.
Ron Ostrow
Ron Ostrow is an American actor who mostly appears on television. His first major credit was in the Aaron Sorkin movie A Few Good Men in 1992, in which he played an MP. He was also in the original stage version, playing the role of The Sentry. He has since appeared in many other Sorkin projects, including Sports Night, The West Wing, Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip and The Newsroom. He has played guest- and recurring roles on several other television series, including Law & Order, Party of Five, Fired Up, Star Trek: Voyager, Ally McBeal, Boston Legal and Scandal, and has appeared in the films Charlie Wilson's War and The Incredible Burt Wonderstone.

Fired Up (TV series)
Fired Up is an American sitcom television series created by Arleen Sorkin and Paul Slansky, that aired on NBC from April 10, 1997, to February 9, 1998, for two seasons and 28 episodes. The series, the first from Grammnet Productions, starred Sharon Lawrence as a self-centered promotions executive and Leah Remini as her mouthy assistant. When the pair got fired from their jobs, they teamed up to create a business as equal partners.  The tagline of the series was "First she got fired, then she got fired up."
Sungyang Academy
Sungyang Hall is a fourteenth-century Confucian academy located on the side of Mt. Janam in Kaesong, North Korea. The hall was constructed in the late fourteenth century for the home of the famously loyal statesman and Confucian scholar Chŏng Mong-ju, whose 1392 assassination by the agents of the later Taejo of Joseon marked the end of the Koryo dynasty. In 1573, the building was transformed into a Confucian academy.

The building is listed as National Treasures #128 in North Korea. It is part of the Historic Monuments and Sites in Kaesong, which became a Unesco World Heritage site in 2013.

Taejo of Joseon
Taejo (4 November 1335 – 27 June 1408), personal name Yi Sŏnggye, later changed to Yi Tan, was the founder and first monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. After overthrowing the Goryeo dynasty, he ascended to the throne in 1392 and abdicated six years later during a strife between his sons. He was honored as Emperor Ko following the establishment of the Korean Empire.

Taejo emphasized continuity over change. No new institutions were created, and no massive purges occurred during his reign. His new dynasty was largely dominated by the same ruling families and officials that had served the previous regime. He re-established amicable ties with Japan and improved relations with Ming China.
Sun Records (TV series)
Sun Records is an American drama television miniseries based on the musical Million Dollar Quartet written by Colin Escott and Floyd Mutrux. The series takes place at the Sun Studio in Memphis and stars Drake Milligan, Trevor Donovan, Kevin Fonteyne, Christian Lees, Dustin Ingram, Billy Gardell, Jonah Lees, Chad Michael Murray, Leo Goff, and Jennifer Holland. The series premiered on CMT on February 23, 2017, and concluded on April 13, 2017.

CMT (American TV channel)
Country Music Television, often abbreviated to CMT, is an American pay TV network that launched on March 5, 1983. It is currently owned by Paramount Skydance Corporation through the MTV Entertainment Group unit of its networks division. CMT was the first nationally available channel devoted to country music and country music videos, with its programming also including concerts, specials, and biographies of country music stars.

Over time, the network's programming expanded to incorporate original lifestyle and reality programming, and acquired sitcoms. As of December 2023, CMT is available to approximately 56 million pay television households in the United States; down from its 2011 peak of 93 million households. The channel's headquarters are located at the Paramount Pictures lot in Los Angeles, and has additional offices in Nashville, Tennessee.
Minkowski's theorem
In mathematics, Minkowski's theorem is the statement that every convex set in  which is symmetric with respect to the origin and which has volume greater than  contains a non-zero integer point (meaning a point in  that is not the origin). The theorem was proved by Hermann Minkowski in 1889 and became the foundation of the branch of number theory called the geometry of numbers. It can be extended from the integers to any lattice  and to any symmetric convex set with volume greater than , where  denotes the covolume of the lattice (the absolute value of the determinant of any of its bases).

Ideal class group
In mathematics, the ideal class group (or class group) of an  algebraic number field  is the quotient group  where  is the group of fractional ideals of the ring of integers of , and  is its subgroup of principal ideals. The class group is a measure of the extent to which unique factorization fails in the ring of integers of . The order of the group, which is finite, is called the class number of .

The theory extends to Dedekind domains and their fields of fractions, for which the multiplicative properties are intimately tied to the structure of the class group. For example, the class group of a Dedekind domain is trivial if and only if the ring is a unique factorization domain.
Ring dyeing
Ring dyeing is a type of dyeing fault in which dyes are partially diffused to the interior of fibre. Most dyes are stained on to the fibre surface that form layer of dyes on to fibre surface. Thus around the fibre a ring-like appearance of the dye can be viewed cross-sectionally. This ring-like dye layer opposes further dye diffusion. This problem leads to poor wash fastness and rubbing fastness of dyed fabric, as well as other staining-related fastness properties.

The dye particles are not penetrated uniformly throughout the fibre structure due to several reasons like poor pre-treatment of yarn before dyeing, channeling of dye liquor circulation due to faulty loading of carriers with yarn wound packages, high density of packages (especially in cheese/cone dyeing) and many more.

Fiber
Fiber (spelled fibre in British English; from Latin: fibra) is a natural or artificial substance that is significantly longer than it is wide. Fibers are often used in the manufacture of other materials. The strongest engineering materials often incorporate fibers, for example carbon fiber and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene.

Synthetic fibers can often be produced very cheaply and in large amounts compared to natural fibers, but for clothing natural fibers have some benefits, such as comfort, over their synthetic counterparts.
Idia calvaria
Idia calvaria is a species of litter moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in Central France and northern and central Central Europe, but mostly in the surroundings of the Mediterranean Sea. It is also present in Turkey, the Caucasus and Anatolia.

The wingspan is 24–34 mm. Adults are on wing from June to September. There are two generations in the south.

The larvae feed on Populus, Salix and Rumex species.

Populus
Populus is a genus of 25–30 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere. English names variously applied to different species include poplar (/ˈpɒplər/ ⓘ), aspen, and cottonwood.

The western balsam poplar (P. trichocarpa) was the first tree to have its full DNA code determined by DNA sequencing, in 2006.
Los Angeles Times v. Free Republic
Los Angeles Times v. Free Republic, 56 U.S.P.Q.2d 1862 (C.D. Cal. 2000), is a United States district court copyright law case. Several newspapers sued the Internet forum Free Republic for allowing its users to repost the full text of copyrighted newspaper articles, asserting that this constituted copyright infringement. Free Republic claimed that they were not liable under the doctrine of fair use and the First Amendment guarantee of freedom of speech. The federal courts ruled in favor of the newspapers.

Legal liability
In law, liable means  "responsible or answerable in law; legally obligated". Legal liability concerns both civil law and criminal law and can arise from various areas of law, such as contracts, torts, taxes, or fines given by government agencies. The claimant is the one who seeks to establish, or prove, liability.
Lucas Pugh
Lucas Ramón Pugh (born 1 January 1994) is an Argentine footballer who plays as a forward for Ferro Carril Oeste.

Pugh had played for Argentina national U-17 team at the 2011 FIFA U-17 World Cup, where he scored 1 goal against Jamaica national U-17 team.

2011 FIFA U-17 World Cup
The 2011 FIFA U-17 World Cup was the 14th edition of the FIFA U-17 World Cup, the biennial international men's youth football championship contested by the under-17 national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It was hosted by Mexico from 18 June to 10 July 2011. Mexico won the tournament after defeating Uruguay 2–0 in the final, claiming the country's second title. Mexico also became the first host nation to win the FIFA U-17 World Cup.

Players born after 1 January 1994 could participate in this tournament.
ISO 3166-2:LR
ISO 3166-2:LR is the entry for Liberia in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Liberia, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for 15 counties.

Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is LR, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Liberia. The second part is two letters.

Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments. Standardization can help maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, efficiency, and quality. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes.

In social sciences, including economics, the idea of standardization is close to the solution for a coordination problem, a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of non-tariff trade barrier.
Kirill Sergeyev
Kirill Yurievich Sergeyev (best known as Kito Jempere; born October 15, 1985, Leningrad) is a Russian electronic musician, DJ, performer and producer. He is the member of the bands Uniquetunes, Saint Petersburg Disco Spin Club, Kito Jempere Band, Mancave and the leader of the solo musical project Toje Kito.

Sergeyev gained international fame under the pseudonym Kito Jempere in 2014. In Russia he became known after participating in an experimental concert of live electronic music on the new stage of the Alexandrinsky Theatre in 2015. Sergeyev performs solo as a DJ and as part of the bands with numerous concerts in Russia and abroad. As a DJ he prefers house, techno, trance, ambient music and other styles. A key feature of Sergeyev's work is the combination of electronic music with live orchestral performance.

Mumiy Troll
Mumiy Troll (Russian: Му́мий Тро́лль [ˈmumʲɪj ˈtrolʲ]) is a Russian rock group, founded in 1983 in Vladivostok by vocalist and songwriter Ilya Lagutenko (Russian: Илья Лагутенко). The name is a pun on Mumintroll, the children's books by Tove Jansson, translated into Russian as "Mummi Troll".
Aart Vierhouten
Aart Vierhouten (born 19 March 1970 in Ermelo, Gelderland) is a Dutch former professional racing cyclist, who last rode for Vacansoleil. He competed in the men's individual road race at the 1996 Summer Olympics.

More recently, Vierhouten has become a team leader at Team Bahrain Victorious.

Cycling at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's individual road race
The men's individual road race at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, was held on July 31, 1996. There were 183 participants from 57 nations in the race over 221.85 km, with 116 cyclists finishing. For the first time, the event was open to professionals. Previously, it was restricted to "amateurs" which included state-funded Eastern Bloc athletes. The maximum number of cyclists per nation was five, up from three in previous editions of the event. The event was won by Pascal Richard of Switzerland, the nation's first victory in the men's individual road race and first medal in the event since a bronze in 1936. Rolf Sørensen earned Denmark's third medal in the event, silver just as in 1964 and 1968. Max Sciandri similarly matched Great Britain's best result: a bronze, as in 1896 and 1956.
Sabaa Bahrat Square (Damascus)
Sabaa Bahrat Square (Arabic: ساحة السبع بحرات / ALA-LC: sāḥat as-Saba‘a Baḥrāt; which means "square of the Seven Fountains") is a large and important square in Damascus, Syria. Many important official buildings and ministries are located in the area including the Central Bank of Syria. Many important streets branch from there including Baghdad Street.

It was first erected by French mandate authorities in 1925 in memory of a French captain called Gaston Descarpentries. The square had a small dome with seven fountains, and was called "Captain Decarpentry Square.In 1938 Baira's mosque was built by Rashid Baira." After the independence of Syria the authorities removed the monument and renamed the square. During the Syrian civil war against the government of President Bashar al-Assad machine-gun fire was reported in nearby Sabaa in the square, which was the scene of several major pro-government demonstrations.

Central Bank of Syria
The Central Bank of Syria (Arabic: مصرف سورية المركزي, romanized: Maṣrif Sūriya al-Markazī; CBS) is the central bank of Syria. The bank was established in 1953 and started operations in 1956. Its headquarters are in Damascus, with 11 branches in the provincial capitals. The objective of the bank is "to foster the stability, integrity and efficiency of the nation’s financial and payment systems so as to promote optimal macro economic performance".

The CBS issues Syria's currency, the Syrian pound (LS), and sets the intervention price in the foreign currency market for the Syrian pound on a daily basis. The CBS exercises control over all banks operating in Syria. Its SWIFT code is CBSYSYDA.
Manoj Jamsutkar
Manoj Pandurang Jamsutkar (born 1969) is an Indian politician from Maharashtra. He is an MLA from Byculla Assembly constituency in Mumbai City district. He won the 2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election representing the Shiv Sena (UBT).

Mumbai City district
Mumbai City district is a district of Maharashtra in Konkan Division, India. As a city district, it has no headquarters or subdivisions. It, along with the Mumbai Suburban District, makes up the metropolis of Mumbai. This area is called the "Island City" or South Mumbai or Old Mumbai. It occupies the southern tip of Salsette Island and extends from Colaba in the south to Mahim and Sion in the north. The city has an area of 157 km2 (61 sq mi) and a population of 3,085,411.
NARS Cosmetics
NARS Cosmetics is a French cosmetics and skin care company founded by make-up artist and photographer François Nars in 1994. The cosmetics line began with twelve lipsticks sold at Barneys New York. Since then, NARS has created various multi-use beauty products and is now a subsidiary of Shiseido. It mainly sells in department stores in about 30 countries including the Americas, Europe, Japan and Southeast Asia.

Skin care
Skin care or skincare is the practice of maintaining and improving the health and appearance of the skin. It includes washing, moisturizing, protecting from the sun, and treating skin problems like acne and dryness.

Skin care is at the interface of cosmetics and dermatology. Skin care differs from dermatology by its inclusion of non-physician professionals, such as estheticians and nursing staff. Skin care includes modifications of individual behavior and of environmental and working conditions. Skin care is applied during recovery from wound healing, radiation therapy, and the management of some medications.

Skin care needs vary according to age, diseases, wounds, exposure to the sun, environmental extremes, and chemicals. Skin care products exist as regulated prescription drugs and as topical agents marketed as cosmetics but having no clinical proof of efficacy. A skin care physician is called a dermatologist.
Musa of Parthia
Musa (also spelled Mousa), also known as Thea Musa, was a ruling queen of the Parthian Empire from 2 BC to 4 AD. Originally an Italian slave-girl, she was given as a gift to the Parthian monarch Phraates IV (r. 37 BC – 2 BC) by the Roman Emperor Augustus (r. 27 BC – 14 AD). She quickly became queen and a favourite of Phraates IV, giving birth to Phraataces (Phraates V). In 2 BC, she had Phraates IV poisoned and made herself, along with Phraates V, the co-rulers of the empire. Their reign was short-lived; they were forced to flee to Rome after being deposed by the Parthian nobility, who crowned Orodes III as king.

Musa is the first of only three women to rule as monarchs in Iranian history, the others being the two 7th-century Sasanian sisters Boran (r. 630–630, 631–632) and Azarmidokht (r. 630–631). Other female rulers, Rinnu, Ifra Hormizd and Denag, ruled only as regents of their sons and not as full monarchs in their own name.

Ifra Hormizd
Ifra Hormizd (Modern Persian: ایفرا هرمز) or Faraya Ohrmazd (Modern Persian: فرایه هرمز) was a Sassanid noblewoman, spouse of Hormizd II and mother of Shapur II. She was the regent during the minority of her son between 309 and 325.

Following the death of Hormizd, and the crisis of succession that followed, the noblemen of the country decided to hand over power to the last child of Hormizd, who had not yet been born of Ifra. Thus, the crown was placed on Ifra's belly, and she ruled over the country with nobles from 309 until the adulthood of her son, Shapur, who was declared mature to rule himself at age sixteen in 325.
Xie Jin
Xie Jin (Chinese: 谢晋; 21 November 1923 – 18 October 2008) was a Chinese film director. He rose to prominence in 1957, directing the film Woman Basketball Player No. 5, and was considered one of the Third Generation directors of China. Most recently he was known for the direction of The Opium War (1997).

Xie was a popular director amongst the older generations of Chinese, with six of his films being voted Best Picture in the Hundred Flowers Awards. He was the only Chinese director to date to be a member of both the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences as well as the Directors Guild of America.

Shangyu, Shaoxing
Shangyu District (Chinese: 上虞区; pinyin: Shàngyú) is a district of the prefecture-level city of Shaoxing in the northeast of Zhejiang province, China.  At the 2010 census, its population in the built-up (or metro) area was 779,412, up from 722,523 in the 2000 census. Shangyu is roughly fifty kilometers from north to south and about thirty kilometers from east to west. It makes up about one-fourth of the area of Shaoxing prefecture. Shangyu District is not part of the Hangzhou-Shaoxing built-up area as some countryside still prevent the city from being conurbated until now.

The city is one of the largest production bases of umbrellas worldwide.