hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Madaje Nowe
Madaje Nowe [maˈdajɛ ˈnɔvɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lutomiersk, within Pabianice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) north-west of Lutomiersk, 27 km (17 mi) north-west of Pabianice, and 25 km (16 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Pabianice
Pabianice [pabʲaˈɲit͡sɛ] is a city in central Poland with 63,023 inhabitants (2021). Situated in the Łódź Voivodeship, it is the capital of Pabianice County. It lies about 10 kilometres (6 miles) southwest of Łódź and belongs to the metropolitan area of that city. It is the third largest city in the Łódź Voivodeship by population. The area of the city covers 32.9 square kilometres (12.7 sq mi), being the 10th largest in Łódź Voivodeship.

According to data from 2009, agricultural land constitutes 53%, of the area and forests another 9%. The city covers 6.70% of Pabianice County.

It is located in the Sieradz Land. Neighbour administrative divisions: gmina Dobroń, gmina Ksawerów, miasto Łódź, gmina Pabianice, gmina Rzgów.
Denis Cotter (cricketer)
Denis Cotter (1862 – 18 November 1905) was an Australian cricketer. He played three first-class cricket matches for Victoria between 1887 and 1889. He also played in baseball games with the Melbourne Baseball Club, acting as a catcher for William Bruce.

Melbourne Baseball Club
The Melbourne Baseball Club, nicknamed the Demons, is a baseball club based in the inner Melbourne suburb of Box Hill. The club is the baseball section affiliated with the Melbourne Cricket Club (MCC).

Having been established as the baseball section of the MCC in 1888, it is one of the oldest baseball clubs in Australia.
Lentiform nucleus
The lentiform nucleus (or lentiform complex, lenticular nucleus, or lenticular complex) are the putamen (laterally) and the globus pallidus (medially), collectively. Due to their proximity, these two structures were formerly considered one, however, the two are separated by a thin layer of white matter—the external medullary lamina—and are functionally and connectionally distinct.

The lentiform nucleus is a large, lens-shaped mass of gray matter just lateral to the internal capsule. It forms part of the basal ganglia. With the caudate nucleus, it forms the dorsal striatum.

Grey matter
Grey matter (gray matter in American English) is a major component of the central nervous system, consisting of neuronal cell bodies, neuropil (dendrites and unmyelinated axons), glial cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes), synapses, and capillaries. Grey matter is distinguished from white matter in that it contains numerous cell bodies and relatively few myelinated axons, while white matter contains relatively few cell bodies and is composed chiefly of long-range myelinated axons. The colour difference arises mainly from the whiteness of myelin. In living tissue, grey matter actually has a very light grey colour with yellowish or pinkish hues, which come from capillary blood vessels and neuronal cell bodies.
Ramesh Chand Tomar
Ramesh Chand Tomar (born 15 July 1948) is an Indian politician. He was a member of the  10th, 11th, 12th and 13th Lok Sabha, as BJP representative from Ghaziabad seat of Uttar Pradesh.

He lost from Dholana constituency in the 2017 Uttar Pradesh Assembly election to Aaslam Choudhary of the Bahujan Samaj Party.

Hapur Lok Sabha constituency
Hapur was a parliamentary constituency in Uttar Pradesh till 2008. It was succeeded by Ghaziabad Lok Sabha constituency after the delimitation carried out in 2008. Now this is the part of Meerut Lok Sabha constituency.
Treaty of Libourne
The Treaty of Libourne was signed at Libourne on 23 September 1366 between King Peter I of Castile, Edward the Black Prince, heir to the English crown, and King Charles II of Navarre. It led to the English involvement against France in the Castilian Civil War as part of the Hundred Years War.

Charles II of Navarre
Charles II (French: Charles, Spanish: Carlos, Basque: Karlos, 10 October 1332 – 1 January 1387), known as the Bad, was King of Navarre beginning in 1349, as well as Count of Évreux beginning in 1343, holding both titles until his death in 1387.

Besides the Kingdom of Navarre nestled in the Pyrenees, Charles had extensive lands in Normandy, inherited from his father, Count Philip of Évreux, and his mother, Queen Joan II of Navarre, who had received them as compensation for resigning her claims to France, Champagne, and Brie in 1328. Thus, in Northern France, he possessed Évreux, Mortain, parts of Vexin, and a portion of Cotentin. Charles was a major player at a critical juncture in the Hundred Years' War between France and England, repeatedly switching sides in order to further his own agenda. He was accidentally burned alive in 1387.
Coptic Egypt: The Christians of the Nile
Coptic Egypt: The Christians of the Nile (French: L'Égypte copte, les chrétiens du Nil) is a 2000 illustrated monograph on Copts and Christian Egypt. Written by the Belgian historian of religion Christian Cannuyer, and published in pocket format by Éditions Gallimard as the 395th volume in their 'Découvertes' collection, in collaboration with the Institut du Monde Arabe.

Belgians
Belgians (Dutch: Belgen [ˈbɛlɣə(n)] ⓘ; French: Belges [bɛlʒ] ⓘ; German: Belgier [ˈbɛlɡi̯ɐ] ⓘ) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe. As Belgium is a multinational state, this connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural rather than ethnic. The majority of Belgians, however, belong to two distinct linguistic groups or communities (Dutch: gemeenschap; French: communauté) native to the country, i.e. its historical regions: Flemings in Flanders, who speak Dutch, West Flemish and Limburgish; and Walloons in Wallonia, who speak French or Walloon. There is also a substantial Belgian diaspora, which has settled primarily in the United States, Canada, France, and the Netherlands.
Black Creek (Savannah River tributary)
Black Creek is a 13.0-mile-long (20.9 km) tributary of the Savannah River. It is located in Effingham and Chatham counties in the Greater Savannah Area, Georgia.

The Tom Coleman Highway (Interstate 95) goes over Black Creek, 3+1⁄2 miles (5.6 km) south of the South Carolina-Georgia state border.

Chatham County, Georgia
Chatham County (/ˈtʃætəm/ CHAT-əm) is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of Georgia, on the state's Atlantic coast. The county seat and largest city is Savannah. One of the original counties of Georgia, Chatham County was created February 5, 1777, and is named after William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham.

The U.S. Census Bureau's 2024 estimated population for Chatham County was 307,336 residents. The official 2020 U.S. census population was 295,291 residents, an increase of 11.4% from the official 2010 population of 265,128. Chatham County is the fifth-most-populous county in Georgia, and the state's most populous outside the Atlanta metropolitan area. The county is the core of the Savannah metropolitan area.
Results of the 2020 Victorian local elections in Eastern Melbourne
This is a list of results for the 2020 Victorian local elections in the Eastern Melbourne region.

Eastern Melbourne covers the local government areas (LGAs) of Boroondara, Knox, Manningham, Maroondah, Monash, Whitehorse and Yarra Ranges.

City of Monash
The City of Monash is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, in the south-eastern suburbs of Melbourne. Established in 1994, it covers an area of 81.5 square kilometres (31.5 sq mi), and had an estimated population of 209,268 people in 2024. The council's offices are located in the suburb of Glen Waverley.
Tiainen
Tiainen is a Finnish surname Tiainen also means a bird, Tit, in Finnish. Notable people with the surname include:

Lauri Tiainen (1891–1958), Finnish Colonel during World War II

Arto Tiainen (1930–1998), Finnish cross-country skier

Petri Tiainen (born 1966), Finnish football attacking midfielder

Kari Tiainen (born 1966), Finnish enduro rider

Juha Tiainen (1955–2003), Finnish hammer thrower

Pertti Tiainen (born 1954), Finnish long-distance runner

Kari Tiainen
Kari Tiainen (born 26 August 1966 in Riihimäki) is a Finnish former professional enduro rider. He competed in the World Enduro Championships from 1989 to 2003. Tiainen is notable for being a seven-time World Enduro Champion and held the record for most wins in the world championship (77), until the record was broken by compatriot Juha Salminen during the 2008 season. In 2012, Tiainen was named an FIM Legend for his motorcycling achievements.
Meadow Star
Meadow Star (May 19, 1988 – April 11, 2002) was an American Thoroughbred Champion racehorse.  She was described by Breeders' Cup Inc. as "one of the greatest 2-year-old fillies ever".

Foaled in Florida, Meadow Star was bred by Jaime Carrion at his The Oaks farm in Ocala. Sired by the American Grade I winner Meadowlake, and out of the mare Inreality Star, she was sold at the 1989 Keeneland yearling sale for $90,000. Her buyer, prominent Wall Street investor Carl Icahn, handed her over to trainer LeRoy Jolley for race conditioning.

Ocala, Florida
Ocala (/oʊˈkælə/ oh-KAL-ə) is a city in and the county seat of Marion County, Florida, United States. Located in North Central Florida, the city's population was 63,591 as of the 2020 census, up from 56,315 at the 2010 census and making it the 43rd-most populated city in Florida. Ocala is the principal city of the Ocala metropolitan area, which had a population of 375,908 in 2020.

Home to over 400 thoroughbred farms and training centers, Ocala is considered the "Horse Capital of the World". Notable attractions include the Ocala National Forest, Silver Springs State Park, Rainbow Springs State Park, the College of Central Florida, and the World Equestrian Center.
Vigilance (psychology)
In modern psychology, vigilance, also termed sustained concentration, is defined as the ability to maintain concentrated attention over prolonged periods of time. During this time, the person attempts to detect the appearance of a particular target stimulus. The individual watches for a signal stimulus that may occur at an unknown time.

The study of vigilance has expanded since the 1940s mainly due to the increased interaction of people with machines for applications involving monitoring and detection of rare events and weak signals. Such applications include air traffic control, inspection and quality control, automated navigation, military and border surveillance, and lifeguarding.

Quality control
Quality control (QC) is a process by which entities review the quality of all factors involved in production. ISO 9000 defines quality control as "a part of quality management focused on fulfilling quality requirements".

This approach places emphasis on three aspects (enshrined in standards such as ISO 9001):

Elements such as controls, job management, defined and well managed processes, performance and integrity criteria, and identification of records

Competence, such as knowledge, skills, experience, and qualifications

Soft elements, such as personnel, integrity, confidence, organizational culture, motivation, team spirit, and quality relationships.

Inspection is a major component of quality control, where physical product is examined visually (or the end results of a service are analyzed). Product inspectors will be provided with lists and descriptions of unacceptable product defects such as cracks or surface blemishes for example.
Bass sarrusophone
The bass sarrusophone is the bass member of the sarrusophone family of metal double reed conical bore wind instruments. Pitched in the key of B♭, it has a range almost identical to the bass saxophone, and can cover the bassoon range up to F4.

Historically it was built in the late 19th and early 20th centuries principally by its inventor Pierre-Louis Gautrot and his successor, Couesnon & Co., as well as Evette & Schaeffer and Orsi of Milan. It is currently only available by custom order from Orsi.

There is very little repertoire specifically for bass sarrusophone; Roupen Shakarian has written a piece for it called Sarruso Rex.

Double reed
A double reed is a type of reed used to produce sound in various wind instruments. In contrast with a single-reed instrument, where the instrument is played by channeling air against one piece of cane which vibrates against the mouthpiece and creates a sound, a double reed features two pieces of cane vibrating against each other. This means, for instruments with the double reed fully exposed, that the air flow can be controlled by the embouchure from the top, bottom and sides of the reed. The term double reeds can also refer collectively to the class of instruments which use double reeds.
August Rätzer
August Rätzer or Raetzer (1845–1907) was a Swiss entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera. He was a Parson in Solothurn.
He wrote Rätzer, 1890 Lepidopterologische Nachlese Mitt. Schweiz. ent. Ges. 8 : 220–229 in which he first described Erebia christi.

Parson-naturalist
A parson-naturalist was a cleric (a "parson", strictly defined as a country priest who held the living of a parish, but the term is generally extended to other clergy), who often saw the study of natural science as an extension of his religious work. The philosophy entailed the belief that God, as the creator of all things, wanted man to understand his creations and thus to study them by collecting and classifying organisms and other natural phenomena.

The natural theologians John Ray (1627–1705) and William Paley (1743–1805) argued that the elaborate complexity of the world of nature was evidence for the existence of a creator. Accordingly, a parson-naturalist frequently made use of his insights into philosophy and theology when interpreting what he observed in natural history.
Derek Anderson (basketball)
Derek Lamont Anderson (born July 18, 1974) is an American former professional basketball player and most recently served as an assistant coach to Male High Schools boys basketball team in 2018. He played eleven seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA).

Louisville Male High School
Louisville Male High School is a public co-educational secondary school serving students in grades 9 through 12 in the south side of Louisville, Kentucky, USA. It is part of the Jefferson County Public School District.
Russell's Water
Russell's Water  is a hamlet about 6 miles (9.7 km) north of Henley-on-Thames in South Oxfordshire. It is in the Chiltern Hills about 620 feet (190 m) above sea level. There is 20th-century and older housing, a village hall, an area of common land called Russell's Water Common to the east and a large duck pond. The pond featured in the 1968 film Chitty Chitty Bang Bang and cast members Adrian Hall and Heather Ripley returned to the location for a TV documentary about the making of the film in 2004.

South Oxfordshire
South Oxfordshire is a local government district in the ceremonial county of Oxfordshire, England. Its council is temporarily based outside the district at Abingdon-on-Thames pending a planned move to Didcot, the district's largest town. The areas located south of the River Thames are within the historic county of Berkshire.
Aziz Tamoyan
Aziz Amari Tamoyan (Armenian: Ազիզ Ամարի Թամոյան, Kurdish: ئەزیز تامۆیان, romanized: Ezîz Tamoyan; July 1, 1933 in Zovuni, Armenia – January 2, 2021) was a Yazidi politician and the president of the Yezidi National Union in Armenia.

On September 30, 1989, he was elected chairman of the National Union of Yazidis of Armenia, and in 1997 he became chairman of the National Union of Yazidis of the World.

Zovuni
40°14′11″N 44°30′14″E﻿ / ﻿40.23639°N 44.50389°E﻿ / 40.23639; 44.50389
Zovuni (Armenian: Զովունի), is a major village in the Kotayk Province of Armenia, located just north of the capital Yerevan. As of the 2024 census, the population of the village is 7,290.
Tyne and Wear Metrocar
The Tyne and Wear Metrocars are a fleet of light rail vehicles manufactured by Metro-Cammell for the Tyne and Wear Metro in North East England between 1978 and 1981. For operation on Network Rail controlled tracks between Pelaw Junction and Sunderland, they are designated on TOPS as the British Rail Class 599. Trains were refurbished between 2010 and 2015 by Wabtec Rail at Doncaster Works. Since 2024, they are being replaced by Class 555 trains built by Stadler.

Disability Discrimination Act 1995
The Disability Discrimination Act 1995 (c. 50) (informally, and hereafter, the DDA) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which has now been repealed and replaced by the Equality Act 2010, except in Northern Ireland where the Act still applies. Formerly, it made it unlawful to discriminate against people in respect of their disabilities in relation to employment, the provision of goods and services, education and transport.

The DDA is a civil rights law. Other countries use constitutional, social rights or criminal law to make similar provisions.  The Equality and Human Rights Commission combats discrimination. Equivalent legislation exists in Northern Ireland, which is enforced by the Northern Ireland Equality Commission.
History of Denver
This article details the history of the City and County of Denver, Colorado, the United States from its founding in 1858 to the present. Since the gold rush, Denver has been Colorado's gateway and major metropolis. With its location at the intersection of the plains and the mountains, its people and institutions have tied together the sections of the state and served as a point of contact between Colorado and the wider world. As the state’s political capital and largest city, Denver has been the natural center for decision-making. New programs and ideas have typically spread outward through public agencies and private organizations that have Denver headquarters.

Cherry Creek (Colorado)
Cherry Creek is a tributary of the South Platte River, 48.0 miles (77.2 km) long, in Colorado in the United States. The creek is named for the profusion of black chokecherry shrubs (Prunus virginiana demissa) that grow along its banks.
Kishori Lal (Baijnath politician)
Kishori Lal (born at Baijnath, Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh) is an Indian politician who is Chief Parliamentary Secretary in Himachal Pradesh Government and Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for the Baijnath constituency in Himachal Pradesh. He was elected as a member of the Indian National Congress in 2012. In 2022 he was again elected as MLA for the second time and appointed Chief Parliamentary Secretary in Himachal Pradesh Government.

Baijnath, Himachal Pradesh
Baijnath is a town in the Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh, India. It is about 50 kilometers from district headquarters, Dharamshala. A Hindu temple of Lord Shiva (Baijnath) is situated there giving the town its name.
Puma (Italian armoured fighting vehicle)
The Puma is an Italian light wheeled armoured fighting vehicle family, consisting of the Puma 6×6 and the Puma 4×4. The vehicles were developed and are produced by the Consorzio Iveco Fiat – Oto Melara for the Italian Army. First prototypes completed in 1988, with a total of five testbed vehicles being completed by 1990.

The 4x4 variant carries 3 troop members plus the driver, the 6×6 variant carries 6 troops plus driver.

Iveco
Iveco S.p.A., an acronym for Industrial Vehicles Corporation, is an Italian multinational transport vehicle manufacturing company with headquarters in Turin, Italy. It designs and builds light, medium, and heavy commercial vehicles. The Iveco name first appeared in 1975 after a merger of Italian, French, and German brands.

Its production plants are in Europe, China, Australia and Latin America and it has about 5,000 sales and service outlets in over 160 countries. The worldwide output of the company amounts to around 150,000 commercial vehicles with a turnover of about €10 billion.

The company was spun off from CNH Industrial on 1 January 2022. It is a subsidiary of Iveco Group N.V., a holding company incorporated in Amsterdam, Netherlands, and is listed on Borsa Italiana.

On 30 July 2025, Iveco announced the sale of its commercial vehicle business to Indian company Tata Motors and its defence business to Leonardo.
The Everly Brothers (album)
The Everly Brothers is the 1958 eponymous debut album of close harmony singing duo the Everly Brothers. The album peaked at No. 16 on Billboard's pop albums chart and launched three very successful singles. Originally on the Cadence label, (CLP-3003), the album was re-released on LP in 1988 by EMI and on CD in 2000 by Emporio Records. It was re-released again in 2009 on 180-gram vinyl by Doxy music.

It is sometimes called They're Off and Rolling or They're Off and Rolling, Says Archie which is the introduction on the front of the album. Archie Bleyer was the producer.

Close and open harmony
A chord is in close harmony (also called close position or close structure) if its notes are arranged within a narrow range, usually with no more than an octave between the top and bottom notes. In contrast, a chord is in open harmony (also called open position or open structure) if there is more than an octave between the top and bottom notes. The more general term spacing describes how far apart the notes in a chord are voiced. A triad in close harmony has compact spacing, while one in open harmony has wider spacing.

Close harmony or voicing can refer to both instrumental and vocal arrangements. It can follow the standard voice-leading rules of classical harmony, as in string quartets or Bach chorales, or proceed in parallel motion with the melody in thirds or sixths.
1898 Paris–Roubaix
The 1898 Paris–Roubaix was the third edition of the Paris–Roubaix, a classic one-day cycle race in France. The single day event was held on 10 April 1898 and stretched 268 km (167 mi) from Paris to its end in a velodrome in Roubaix. The winner was Maurice Garin, an Italian living in France.

Velodrome
A velodrome is an arena for track cycling. Modern velodromes feature steeply banked oval tracks, consisting of two 180-degree circular bends connected by two straights. The straights transition to the circular turn through a moderate easement curve.
Barry Shaw (footballer)
Barry Shaw (born 31 October 1948) is an English former amateur footballer who played as a left winger in the Football League for Darlington, whom he joined from non-league club Crowborough Athletic. Shaw made two senior appearances for Darlington, both in the Fourth Division as a stand-in for regular winger Harry Kirk. His debut came on 20 April 1968, in a 2–0 home win against Rochdale, and he kept his place for the next match before Kirk returned to the side.

Crowborough Athletic F.C.
Crowborough Athletic Football Club is a football club based in Crowborough, East Sussex, England. Affiliated to the Sussex County Football Association, the club are currently members of the Isthmian League South East Division and play at the Crowborough Community Stadium.
Bhivpuri Road railway station
Bhivpuri Road is a railway station on the Central line of the Mumbai Suburban Railway network in India. It is on the Karjat route. Neral Junction is the previous stop and Karjat is the next stop.

At Bhivpuri, a state highway connects to NH4, Panvel and Navi Mumbai in one direction and to Badlapur and Thane District in the other. A new multi-facilities hospital at Bhivpuri, Raigad Hospital & Research Center, covers the area from Shelu and Neral to Karjat. There is also a waterfall which is popular for day trips.

Thane
Thane (Marathi: [ˈʈʰaːɳeː]; known as Thana until 1996) is a city in western India, in the state of Maharashtra. It neighbours Mumbai and is part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. It is situated in the north-east of Salsette Island.

Thane serves as the headquarters of the Thane district and is located inside Thane taluka. It is the 15th most populous city in India, with a population of 1,890,000 according to the 2011 census.