hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nels David Nelson
(Nels) David Nelson, an American mathematician and logician, was born on January 2, 1918, in Cape Girardeau, Missouri. Upon graduation from the Ph.D. program at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Nelson relocated to Washington, D.C. Nelson remained in Washington, D.C. as a Professor of Mathematics at The George Washington University until his death on August 22, 2003.

Journal of Symbolic Logic
The  Journal of Symbolic Logic is a peer-reviewed mathematics journal published quarterly by Association for Symbolic Logic. It was established in 1936 and covers mathematical logic. The journal is indexed by Mathematical Reviews, Zentralblatt MATH, and Scopus. Its 2009 MCQ was 0.28, and its 2009 impact factor was 0.631.
State Highway 37 (Kerala)
State Highway 37 (SH 37) is a state highway in Kerala, India that starts in Adoor and ends in Sasthamkotta. The highway is 18.2 km long.

Almost the entire length of this route is notified as National Highway 183 A.

National Highway 183A (India)
National Highway 183A, also known as NH 183A, is a National Highway in the Indian state of Kerala that runs from Chavara Titanium Junction, Kollam, to Vandiperiyar via Adoor and Pathanamthitta. It is the 4th National Highway passing through the Kollam district.
Coat of arms of the Duchy of Czersk
Coat of arms of the Duchy of Czersk is a legendary creature in folklore of Masovia in Poland, that is depicted as a Slavic dragon or wyvern. It was used in the coat of arms of the Masovian Piast dynasty, most notably in the coat of arms of the Duchy of Czersk and the Duchy of Warsaw, where it was depicted respectively as a green and red dragon with red tongue and claws.

Legendary creature
A legendary creature is a type of supernatural entity that is described in folklore (including myths and legends), and may be featured in historical accounts before modernity, but has not been scientifically shown to exist.

In the classical era, monstrous creatures such as the Cyclops and the Minotaur appear in heroic tales for the protagonist to destroy. Other creatures, such as the unicorn, were claimed in accounts of natural history by various scholars of antiquity. Some legendary creatures are hybrid beasts or Chimeras.

Some legendary creatures originated in traditional mythology and were believed to be real creatures—for example, dragons, griffins and unicorns. Others are based on real encounters or garbled accounts of travellers' tales, such as the Vegetable Lamb of Tartary, a sheeplike animal which supposedly grew tethered to the earth.
The Two Orphans (1942 film)
The Two Orphans (Italian: Le due orfanelle) is a 1942 Italian historical drama film directed by Carmine Gallone and starring Alida Valli, María Denis and Osvaldo Valenti. It was based on the play The Two Orphans by Adolphe d'Ennery and Eugène Cormon, one of many film adaptations. It was made at Cinecittà Studios in Rome. The film's sets were designed by the art director Guido Fiorini.

Cinecittà
Cinecittà (pronounced [ˌtʃinetʃitˈta]; Italian for 'Cinema City') is a large film studio in Rome, Italy. With an area of 400,000 square metres (99 acres), it is the largest film studio in Europe, and is considered the hub of Italian cinema. The studios were constructed during the Fascist era as part of a plan to revive the Italian film industry and to compete with Hollywood.

Filmmakers such as Federico Fellini, Roberto Rossellini, Luchino Visconti, Sergio Leone, Bernardo Bertolucci, Francis Ford Coppola, Martin Scorsese, Mel Gibson and Luca Guadagnino have worked at Cinecittà. More than 3,000 movies have been filmed there, of which 90 received an Academy Award nomination and 47 of these won it. In the 1950s, the number of international productions being made there led to Rome being dubbed "Hollywood on the Tiber."
Yellow-green algae
Yellow-green algae or the Xanthophyceae (xanthophytes) are an important group of heterokont algae. Most live in fresh water, but some are found in marine and soil habitats. They vary from single-celled flagellates to simple colonial and filamentous forms. Xanthophyte chloroplasts contain the photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c, β-carotene, and the carotenoid diadinoxanthin. Unlike other Stramenopiles (heterokonts), their chloroplasts do not contain fucoxanthin, which accounts for their lighter colour. Their storage polysaccharide is chrysolaminarin. Xanthophyte cell walls are produced of cellulose and hemicellulose. They appear to be the closest relatives of the brown algae.

Hemicellulose
A hemicellulose (also known as polyose) is one of a number of heteropolymers (matrix polysaccharides), such as arabinoxylans, present along with cellulose in almost all terrestrial plant cell walls. Cellulose is crystalline, strong, and resistant to hydrolysis. Hemicelluloses are branched, shorter in length than cellulose, and also show a propensity to crystallize.  They can be hydrolyzed by dilute acid or base as well as a myriad of hemicellulase enzymes.
Leam Richardson
Leam Nathan Richardson (born 19 November 1979) is an English professional football manager and former player, currently managing Reading in EFL League One.

During his playing career Richardson played as a defender for Blackburn Rovers, Bolton Wanderers, Notts County, Blackpool and Accrington Stanley. He later held coaching roles at Accrington Stanley and Chesterfield. He was appointed as the permanent manager of Wigan Athletic in April 2021 and later managed Rotherham United. In October 2025 he was appointed as the manager of Reading.

EFL Awards
The EFL Awards is an annual awards ceremony commemorating association football players, clubs and associated individuals involved in the three divisions of the English Football League (EFL).

The event was established in 2006 and is usually held at the Grosvenor House Hotel, London, in March or April of each year, towards the end of the Football League season.
Kathleen Tocke
Kathleen Tocke (born June 14, 1979) is an American sailor and world-class competitor in the 470, Snipe, 49er FX, Europe, RS:X and Laser Radial classes.

She competed in college with the Hobart and William Smith Colleges sailing team, and was a member of the US National Team in the Europe, RSX, and 49er FX classes and the US Pan American Games Team in the Snipe. In the Snipe class, she is a 2011 Pan American Games and 2023 Pan American Games silver medalist; 2015 Pan American Games bronze medalist; Masters World Champion (2016); Western Hemisphere & Orient Champion (2018);  European Championship winner (2021); seven times North American Champion (2007, 2008, 2013, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2021); Women's European Champion (2019); and eight times United States National Champion (2003, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2019, 2021 and 2022).

49er (dinghy)
The 49er is a double-handed skiff-type high-performance sailing dinghy. The two crew work on different roles with the helm making many tactical decisions, as well as steering, and the crew doing most of the sail control. Both of the crew are equipped with their own trapeze and sailing is done while cantilevered over the water to the fullest extent to balance against the sails.

The 49er was designed by Julian Bethwaite (the son of Frank Bethwaite) and developed by a consortium consisting of Bethwaites, Performance Sailcraft Japan, Peter Johnston, and Ovington boats. The boat has been an Olympic class since it was selected by the International Sailing Federation to be the men's high performance double handed dinghy Sydney Summer Games of 2000. Its derivative featuring a re-designed rig, the 49er FX, was selected by World Sailing to be the women's high performance double-hander at the Rio Summer Olympics of 2016.
Gears of War 3
Gears of War 3 is a 2011 third-person shooter video game developed by Epic Games and published by Microsoft Studios for the Xbox 360. It is the third installment of the Gears of War series, and final game in the original trilogy. Originally due for release on April 8, 2011, the game was delayed and eventually released on September 20, 2011. The story was written by science fiction author Karen Traviss.

Like its predecessors, Gears of War 3 received widespread critical acclaim from critics. Critics praised its story, voice acting, visuals, and music, but criticized its lack of innovation. Gears of War 3 sold over 3 million copies and was the second best selling game in the U.S.

A sequel titled Gears of War 4, developed by The Coalition, was released in 2016.

Xbox Game Studios
Xbox Game Studios (previously known as Microsoft Studios, Microsoft Game Studios, and Microsoft Games) is an American video game publisher based in Redmond, Washington. It was established in March 2000, spun out from an internal Games Group, for the development and publishing of video games for Microsoft Windows. It has since expanded to include games and other interactive entertainment for the namesake Xbox platforms, other desktop operating systems, Windows Mobile and other mobile platforms, web-based portals, and other game consoles.

Xbox Game Studios, alongside ZeniMax Media and Activision Blizzard, are part of the Microsoft Gaming division led by Phil Spencer, who is chief executive officer of the division.
Kyle, Saskatchewan
Kyle is a town in the Rural Municipality of Lacadena No. 228 in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The town had a population of 423 in the 2006 Census. The village was named for its original settler, Jeremiah Kyle, in 1923. Kyle is 72 kilometres (45 mi) north of Swift Current, and is situated along the remains of the historic Swift Current-Battleford Trail, 201 kilometres (125 mi) south-west of Saskatoon, 320 kilometres (200 mi) west of Regina and 32 kilometres (20 mi) north of Saskatchewan Landing Provincial Park on Highway 4.

Saskatchewan Highway 4
Highway 4 is a major provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from U.S. Route 191 at the United States border near Monchy to Highway 224 / Highway 904 in Meadow Lake Provincial Park. Highway 4 is about 652 kilometres (405 mi) long.

Major communities that Highway 4 passes through are Swift Current, Rosetown, Biggar, Battleford, North Battleford, and Meadow Lake. It also passes The Battlefords Provincial Park.
2024 global telecommunications hack
On August 27, 2024, The Washington Post reported that at least two major internet service providers in the United States had been compromised by Chinese hackers. It was later reported that the hackers affected at least nine telecommunications firms in the U.S., including AT&T, Verizon, Lumen Technologies, and T-Mobile, and had also affected dozens of other countries. The hackers were able to access metadata of users' calls and text messages, including date and time stamps, source and destination IP addresses, and phone numbers from over a million users, including staff of the Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign, as well as phones belonging to Donald Trump and JD Vance. The hackers were also able to access wiretapping systems used to conduct court-authorized wiretapping. The attack was later attributed to the Salt Typhoon advanced persistent threat actor linked to China's Ministry of State Security (MSS).

Text messaging
Text messaging, or texting, is the act of composing and sending electronic messages, typically consisting of alphabetic and numeric characters, between two or more users of mobile phones, tablet computers, smartwatches, desktops/laptops, or another type of compatible computer. Text messages may be sent over a cellular network or may also be sent via satellite or Internet connection.

The term originally referred to messages sent using the Short Message Service (SMS) on mobile devices. It has grown beyond alphanumeric text to include multimedia messages using the Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) and Rich Communication Services (RCS), which can contain digital images, videos, and sound content, as well as ideograms known as emoji (happy faces, sad faces, and other icons), and on various instant messaging apps. Text messaging has been an extremely popular medium of communication since the turn of the century and has also influenced changes in society.
Jürgen Henn
Jürgen Henn (born 2 June 1987) is an Estonian professional football manager who is the current head coach of the Estonia national team.

Henn previously managed FC Flora from 2018 until 2023 and is the longest serving manager in the club's history. In 2021, he led Flora to become the first Estonian club to advance into the group stages of a UEFA tournament, as Flora qualified for the 2021–22 UEFA Europa Conference League with notably only Estonian players in the team. With an additional four Meistriliiga titles, one Estonian Cup and two Estonian Supercups, Henn is the most successful head coach in Flora's history.

Estonian Football Association
The Estonian Football Association (EJL; Estonian: Eesti Jalgpalli Liit) is the governing body of football, futsal, and beach soccer in Estonia. Established on 14 December 1921, it organizes the football league, including the championship which is called Meistriliiga, Estonian Cup and the Estonian national football team. It is based in Tallinn. EJL became a member of FIFA in 1923 but was disbanded during the occupation of Estonia by the Soviet Union; during this time the Estonian SSR Football Federation (Estonian: Eesti NSV Jalgpalliföderatsioon) organized Estonian football. It became a member of FIFA once again in 1992, following Estonia regaining its independence.
Mihran-i Hamadani
Mihran-i Hamadani, known in Arabic sources as Mihran ibn Mihrbundadh, was a Sasanian military officer from the Mihran family. He was the son of a certain Mihrbandad (also known as Mihrbundadh), who is mentioned in some lines in a poem.

In 633, Mihran was sent on expedition against the invading Muslim Arabs as the commander of a Sasanian army, which included several officers such as Piruz Khosrow, Azadbeh Banegan, Bahman Jadhuyih, and a certain Shahrvaraz, who was related to the prominent Sasanian general and briefly king, Shahrbaraz. This army fought against the Arabs at Battle of Buwayb. Although the brother of the Arab general al-Muthanna ibn Haritha, Mas'ud ibn Haritha, was killed, the battle resulted in a defeat for the Sasanians, and resulted in the death of Mihran and Shahrvaraz.

Muslim conquest of Persia
The Muslim conquest of Persia or Arab conquest of Iran occurred between 633 and 651, when the Rashidun Caliphate conquered the Sasanian Empire as part of the early Muslim conquests, which began under Muhammad in 622.
Hamilton Bohannon
Hamilton Frederick Bohannon (March 7, 1942 – April 24, 2020), often credited mononymously as Bohannon, was an American drummer, percussionist, band leader, songwriter, arranger, and record producer, who was one of the leading figures in 1970s funk and disco music. He worked with Marvin Gaye, Stevie Wonder, the Temptations, Wah Wah Watson, Ray Parker Jr., the Counts and Carolyn Crawford.

Wah Wah Watson
Melvin M. Ragin (December 8, 1950 – October 24, 2018), known professionally as Wah Wah Watson, was an American guitarist who was a member of the Funk Brothers, the studio band for Motown Records. He also worked extensively as a session musician in a variety of genres from jazz and pop to R&B.
Kaysefe
Kaysefe is a Turkish dessert made of dried fruits and melted butter. It is a regional specialty of Erzurum. Different fruits may be used including dried apricots or mulberries. First the dried fruit is boiled in water with sugar. Butter is spooned over the boiled fruit and the dessert is garnished with chopped or ground walnuts, pistachios or hazelnuts.

Apricot
An apricot (US: /ˈæprɪkɒt/ ⓘ, UK: /ˈeɪprɪkɒt/ ⓘ) is a fruit, or the tree that bears the fruit, of several species in the genus Prunus. Usually an apricot is from the species Prunus armeniaca, but the fruits of the other species in Prunus sect. Armeniaca are also called apricots. In 2023, world production of apricots was 3.7 million tonnes, led by Turkey with 20% of the total.

Prunus armeniaca was domesticated in ancient times in Central Asia and China. The specific epithet armeniaca refers to the country of Armenia in Western Asia. Cultivation of the tree then spread across Eurasia and to North Africa and Japan. The fruit is consumed both fresh and dried. Apricots are used in dishes including cakes, tarts, and jam, and in savoury dishes, for example in stuffing. In Austria, they are the basis of Marillenknödel, sweet apricot dumplings.
Eccellenza Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
Eccellenza Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol (Italian: Eccellenza Trentino-Alto Adige) is the regional Eccellenza football division for clubs in the northern Italian region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, Italy. It is competed amongst 16 teams, in one group. The winners of the Groups are promoted to Serie D. The club who finishes second also have the chance to gain promotion, they are entered into a national play-off which consists of two rounds.

Serie D
The Serie D (Italian pronunciation: [ˈseːrje ˈdi]) is the highest level of semi-professional football in Italy, and the fourth tier of the Italian national league system, the lowest one with a national organization. It sits beneath the third and lowest fully professional league, Serie C, and feeds in to it through promotion and relegation. Serie D is administered by the Lega Nazionale Dilettanti and is organized by the Roman Comitato Interregionale (Interregional Committee), a "league in the league" inside the LND.
Hari Tokeino
Hari Tokeino (時計野 はり, Tokeino Hari; born February 21, 1979) is a Japanese shōjo manga artist. Her major works include Me & My Brothers, which ran in Hakusensha's LaLa magazine from 2004 to 2009 and was released in 11 volumes; and Gakuen Babysitters, which is ongoing in LaLa and has been released in 26 volumes.

Hakusensha
Hakusensha, Incorporated (株式会社白泉社, Kabushiki-gaisha Hakusensha) is a Japanese publishing company. It is headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo.

The company mainly publishes manga magazines and is involved in series' productions in their games, original video animation, music, and their animated TV series.

The company is part of the Hitotsubashi Group.
Shantae: Half-Genie Hero
Shantae: Half-Genie Hero is a 2016 platform video game developed and published by WayForward Technologies. It is the fourth game in the Shantae series, following Shantae and the Pirate's Curse (2014). The game was crowdfunded via Kickstarter and PayPal, raising over US$900,000. It was first released for PlayStation 4, PlayStation Vita, Wii U, Windows, and Xbox One, later being ported to Nintendo Switch, Stadia, and PlayStation 5.

Gamer Network
Gamer Network Limited (formerly Eurogamer Network Limited) is a British digital media company based in London. Founded in 1999 by Rupert and Nick Loman, it owns brands—primarily editorial websites—relating to video game journalism and other video game businesses. Its flagship website, Eurogamer, was launched alongside the company. It began hosting the video game trade show EGX in 2008. ReedPop acquired Gamer Network in 2018 and sold it to IGN Entertainment in 2024.
History of the Jews in Bielsko-Biała
Jews in Bielsko-Biała (German: Juden in Bielitz-Biala, Hebrew: הקהילה היהודית בילסקו ביאלה), is a Jewish society with its headquarters in Bielsko-Biała, Poland. Nowadays, the area of its activity covers Cieszyn Silesia and western Lesser Poland, including the city of Oświęcim (German: Auschwitz).

Cieszyn
Cieszyn (/ˈtʃɛʃɪn/ CHESH-in, Polish: [ˈt͡ɕɛʂɨn] ⓘ; Czech: Těšín [ˈcɛʃiːn] ⓘ; German: Teschen [ˈteːʃn̩]) is a border town in southern Poland on the east bank of the Olza River, and the administrative seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship. The town has 33,500 inhabitants (as of December 2021), and lies opposite Český Těšín in the Czech Republic. Both towns belong to the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia, and formerly constituted the capital of the Duchy of Cieszyn as a single town.
Svedberg (surname)
Svedberg is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Annakarin Svedberg (born 1934), Swedish writer

Gunnar Svedberg (born 1947), Swedish chemist and academic

Hans Svedberg (1931–2012), Swedish ice hockey player

Hillevi Svedberg (1910–1990), Swedish architect

Johan Svedberg (born 1980), Swedish ice hockey player

Jonathan Svedberg (born 1999), Swedish footballer

Lena Svedberg (1946–1972), Swedish artist

Lennart Svedberg (1944–1972), Swedish ice hockey player

Niklas Svedberg (born 1989), Swedish ice hockey player

Per Svedberg (born 1965), Swedish politician

Rudolf Svedberg (1910–1992), Swedish sport wrestler

Ruth Svedberg (1903–2002), Swedish track and field athlete

Theodor Svedberg (1884–1971), Swedish chemist

Viktor Svedberg (born 1991), Swedish ice hockey player

William Svedberg (born 1992), Swedish actor

Gunnar Svedberg
Professor Gunnar Svedberg (born 12 August 1947 in Annefors, Bollnäs Municipality) is a former Rector of the University of Gothenburg, in Sweden.

Svedberg studied at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm and received a PhD in chemical engineering in 1975. He became a full professor at the KTH in 1989. He was the Rector (corresponding to Vice-Chancellor or President) of Mid Sweden University College from 1999 to 2003, and of the University of Gothenburg between July 2003 and September 2006. He was President of Innventia, until his retirement in June 2011.

Svedberg has been a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences since 1992.
Johnny Boyle
Johnny Boyle is the drummer of Irish band The Frames. He first came to the attention of the Irish music scene when he joined Picture House before the release of their second album, Karmarama. He left the band shortly after the third studio album, Madness, Sadness, Gladness (on which he co-wrote the song "Lonely Like The Sun") to join Marianne Faithfull on tour.

He then joined The Frames initially as a session drummer, but joined the band full-time soon after. He has also played on the Once tour with Glen Hansard and Marketa Irglova.

He resides in Dublin with his wife and two daughters.

Markéta Irglová
Markéta Irglová (Czech pronunciation: [ˈmarkɛːta ˈɪrɡlovaː]) (born 28 February 1988) is a Czech-Icelandic singer-songwriter, musician, and actress, who starred in the 2007 film Once, which earned her a number of major awards, including the Academy Award for Best Original Song for "Falling Slowly", with co-writer and co-star Glen Hansard. She is one half of the duo the Swell Season, with whom she has released three studio albums. She has also published four solo records.
Preethi Vathsalya
Preethi Vathsalya is a 1984 Indian Kannada-language film, directed by H. R. Bhargava and produced by Bhargava and D. V. Rajaram. The film stars Tiger Prabhakar, Aarathi, Srinath and Sridhar. The film has musical score by Rajan–Nagendra.

Srinath (Kannada actor)
Narayana Swamy (born 28 December 1943), known by his stage name Srinath, is an Indian actor and film producer who works predominantly in Kannada cinema. He holds the position of vice-president of the Kannada television channel Udaya TV. He is popular for presenting the Game Show, Adarsha Dampatigalu (Kannada: ಆದರ್ಶ ದಂಪತಿಗಳು). Srinath has earned the nickname Pranaya Raja meaning 'King of Romance' because of his stupendous success in romantic movies during the 70s. In 2003, he was conferred the 
‛Kalaratna’ Award by the Government of Karnataka.