hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Society of Legal Scholars
The Society of Legal Scholars (SLS) is the learned society for those who teach law in a university or similar institution or who are otherwise engaged in legal scholarship. As of the beginning of 2016 the Society had over 3,000 members consisting of academic and practising lawyers in a wide variety of subject areas. It has charitable status.

The SLS publishes one of the UK's leading generalist peer-reviewed law journals, Legal Studies.

The Society was founded in 1908 by Edward Jenks as The Society of Public Teachers of Law and changed its name to the SLS in 2002.

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
2023 Oeiras Ladies Open – Doubles
Katarzyna Piter and Kimberley Zimmermann were the defending champions but Zimmermann chose not to participate. Piter partnered alongside Bibiane Schoofs but lost to Francisca and Matilde Jorge in the quarterfinals.

Ulrikke Eikeri and Eri Hozumi won the title, defeating Francisca and Matilde Jorge in the final, 4–6, 6–4, [10–5].

Ulrikke Eikeri
Ulrikke Pia Eikeri (born 16 December 1992) is a Norwegian professional tennis player.
On 22 April 2024, she peaked at No. 26 in the WTA doubles rankings. She also has a career-high singles ranking of No. 206, achieved on 16 April 2018.

Eikeri has won four doubles titles on the WTA Tour, and two doubles titles on WTA Challenger Tour, along with eleven singles titles and 32 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. She reached the mixed-doubles final at the 2022 French Open, alongside Joran Vliegen.

On the ITF Junior Circuit, Eikeri had been ranked as high as No. 16 in the world.

Playing for the Norway Billie Jean King Cup team, she has a win–loss record of 36–28, as of June 2024.
Kolonia Ligocka
Kolonia Ligocka (German: Ellguth Kolonie) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Biała, within Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It is situated in the historical region of Prudnik Land.

The village was established between 1842 and 1845. It was named Ellguth Kolonie in German. In 1936, Nazi administration of the German Reich changed the village's name to Freigut. Following the Second World War, the Polish name Kolonia Ligocka was introduced by the Commission for the Determination of Place Names on 2 April 1949.

Gmina Biała, Opole Voivodeship
Gmina Biała (German: Gemeinde Zülz) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in Upper Silesia in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Biała, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) northeast of Prudnik and 36 km (22 mi) southwest of the regional capital Opole.

The gmina covers an area of 195.82 square kilometres (75.6 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population was 10,586. Since 2006, in addition to the official Polish language, German has been recognized as an additional secondary language.
Harry Pavlidis
Harry Pavlidis is an Australian actor who has appeared in many television series and films. He is also a Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioner, wellness coach and yoga instructor. Born and raised in Sydney NSW, Australia. He is of Greek descent and has travelled the world extensively throughout his athletic and creative careers.

Pavlidis has represented state, national and international level in track and field, rugby league, cricket, American football and Brazilian jiu-jitsu.

An acting career that started in 1990, Pavlidis has appeared in such television series as Blue Heelers, East West 101, Home and Away, Stingers, Big Sky, All Saints and Outriders. His film roles include Gabriel, Mr. Nice Guy and Infini.

In recent times, Pavlidis has focussed on giving back to the community his knowledge of overall well wellbeing, encompassing health, fitness, motivation, and nutrition.

Mr. Nice Guy (1997 film)
Mr. Nice Guy (一個好人, LSHK Jat1 go3 hou2 jan4) is a 1997 English-language Hong Kong action comedy film directed by Sammo Hung, who also cameos as an unfortunate cyclist. The film stars Jackie Chan and Richard Norton. The film was released theatrically in Hong Kong on 31 January 1997.

Mr. Nice Guy features a collaboration between Chan and Norton, reuniting them for the first time since 1993's City Hunter. Set in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, it is Chan's first film to be scripted and shot in English.
Changin' the Game
Changin' the Game is the sixth studio album by American rapper and record producer Uncle Luke. It was released on November 11, 1997 through Luke Records/Island Black Music. Production was handled by Darren “DJ Spin” Rudnick, Danny Spohn, Derrick Hill, Gusto, Lil' Jon, Louis "Ugly" Howard, Rod XL, Tony Galvin, and Luke himself, who also served as executive producer together with Hiriam Hicks. It features guest appearances from No Good-N-Jiggie, Aaron Hall, Melvin Riley and Choclatt. The album peaked at number 49 on the US Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. However, the single "Raise the Roof" found success reaching No. 26 on the Billboard Hot 100 and topped the Hot Rap Singles. The song helped to popularize the arm gesture by the same name which involved repeatedly extending ones arms upwards with the palms of the hands also facing upwards. The song is also featured in the 1998 compilation album Jock Jams, Volume 4.

Luke Records
Luke Records is an American record label formed in 1985 by Luther Campbell, the former producer and hypeman of 2 Live Crew, and David Chackler, and based in Miami, Florida. It was one of the first recording labels devoted almost exclusively to Southern hip-hop.

The label was originally called Luke Skyywalker Records; however, because it was not found to be of fair use, Campbell shortened his pseudonym to Luke in 1990 (a result of George Lucas' successful lawsuit over Campbell appropriating the Skywalker name).

From 1990 to 1993, the label was distributed by Atlantic Records. The label's catalogue has been reclaimed by Luther Campbell and the estates of Fresh Kid Ice & Brother Marquis.
Maren Hassinger
Maren Hassinger (born Maren Louise Jenkins in 1947) is an African-American artist and educator whose career spans four decades. Hassinger uses sculpture, film, dance, performance art, and public art to explore the relationship between the natural world and industrial materials. She incorporates everyday materials in her art, like wire rope, plastic bags, branches, dirt, newspaper, garbage, leaves, and cardboard boxes. Hassinger has stated that her work "focuses on elements, or even problems—social and environmental—that we all share, and in which we all have a stake. … I want it to be a humane and humanistic statement about our future together." Trained in dance, Hassinger transitioned to making sculpture and visual art in college. Hassinger received her MFA in Fiber Arts from UCLA in 1973. She was the director emeritus of the Rinehart School of Sculpture at the Maryland Institute College of Art for ten years. She currently lives and works in New York City.

Spelman College
Spelman College is a private, historically Black, women's liberal arts college in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is a founding member of the  Atlanta University Center academic consortium. Founded in 1881 as the Atlanta Baptist Female Seminary, Spelman awarded its first college degrees in 1901 and is the oldest private historically Black liberal arts institution for women.
Nošpal
Nošpal (Macedonian: Ношпал) is a village in the municipality of Mogila, North Macedonia. It used to be part of the former municipality of Dobruševo.

The name of the village is related to its history. Nošpal comes from the Macedonian word for knife "нож" and thumb "палец", according to the legend, the people who first settled Noshpal were Peonians from Mariovo and Mijak tribes from western Macedonia who were shepherds and during the slaughter of animals the people used knives only to kill the animal, the rest of the process was done with hands, thus their skills are engraved in the name of the village Nošpal.

Paeonians
Paeonians (Ancient Greek: Παίονες, romanized: Paíones) were an ancient Indo-European people that dwelt in Paeonia. Paeonia was an old country whose location was to the north of Ancient Macedonia, to the south of Dardania, to the west of Thrace and to the east of Illyria. Most of their land was in the Axios (or Vardar) river basin, roughly in what is today North Macedonia.
Homonopsis illotana
Homonopsis illotana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in China (Anhui, Fujian, Sichuan, Guizhou, Shaanxi), Korea, Japan and the Russian Far East (Primorye, Ussuri, Amur).

The wingspan is 14–18 mm for males and 18–21 mm for females. The ground colour of the forewings is cream brownish with metallic spots.

The larvae feed on Acer, Elaeagnus, Lyonia ovalifolia, Vaccinium, Castanopsis, Quercus acutissima, Quercus glauca, Quercus serrata, Quercus variabilis, Abies, Larix, Picea, Reynoutria japonica, Malus pumila, Prunus incisa, Prunus mume, Prunus sargentii and Smilax china.

Lyonia ovalifolia
Lyonia ovalifolia is a species of plant in the family Ericaceae. This plant is Native to Himalaya, Nepal, China, Japan, Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and Malaysia. It is known as Anyaar in India and Angeri in Nepal.
Bosone da Gubbio
Bosone da Gubbio is the name traditionally associated with an Italian politician and writer of the late 13th and early 14th centuries. However, modern scholarship, particularly an article in the Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, has concluded that the name refers to two distinct individuals: a father and his son, Bosone Novello (also known as Bosonello).

Historical sources have often conflated the careers of the two men. Generally, the earlier political activity in the 13th century is attributed to the father, while the more extensive political career of the 14th century belongs to the son, Bosone Novello. Whether the literary achievements are to be attributed to a father or son is a matter of dispute. The family name de' Raffaelli, sometimes associated with them, is considered a later invention by an 18th-century biographer.

Arezzo
Arezzo (UK: /əˈrɛtsoʊ, æˈr-/ ə-RET-soh, arr-ET-soh, US: /ɑːˈr-/ ar-ET-soh; Italian: [aˈrettso]) is a city and comune in Italy and the capital of the province of the same name located in Tuscany. Arezzo is about 80 kilometres (50 miles) southeast of Florence at an elevation of 296 metres (971 ft) above sea level. As of 2022, the population was about 97,000.

Known as the city of gold and of the high fashion, Arezzo was home to artists and poets such as Giorgio Vasari, Guido of Arezzo and Guittone d'Arezzo and in its province to Renaissance artist Michelangelo. In the artistic field, the city is famous for the frescoes by Piero della Francesca inside the Basilica of San Francesco, and the crucifix by Cimabue inside the Basilica of San Domenico. The city is also known for the important Giostra del Saracino, a game of chivalry that dates back to the Middle Ages.
M. Jairam
M. Jairam (born 18 September 1937) is an Indian former cricketer. He played first-class cricket for Andhra and Hyderabad between 1954 and 1971. Playing for Hyderabad, he took the most wickets in the 1964–65 Ranji Trophy, with 34 dismissals in the tournament.

Hyderabad cricket team
The Hyderabad cricket team is a domestic cricket team based in the city of Hyderabad, Telangana, run by the Hyderabad Cricket Association. It is part of the Ranji Trophy Plate Group and has seen scattered success over its many years in the Ranji Trophy circuit. It has won Ranji Trophy twice and been runners-up thrice and have made one appearance in the Irani Trophy.
SERV (charity)
Service by Emergency Rider Volunteers / Service by Emergency Response Volunteers, or SERV, is the name used by a number of  blood bike charities based in England, whose volunteers provide a motorcycle courier service, free of charge, to the National Health Service and the air ambulance charities. The original SERV group was established in 1981.

Motorcycle courier
A motorcycle courier, also known as a despatch rider or motorcycle messenger, is a courier using a motorcycle.

Motorcycle couriers are common in the major urban centres of Europe, South America (especially Brazil), Asia and North America.
George Bell (Canadian politician)
George Bell (December 9, 1869 – June 9, 1940) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1916 until his defeat in the 1920 provincial election, representing the electoral district of Victoria City, as a member of the Liberal party. He previously also served as the mayor of Enderby, British Columbia for 6 years.

Enderby, British Columbia
The City of Enderby is in the North Okanagan region of the Canadian province of British Columbia, between Armstrong and Salmon Arm. It is approximately 80 km north of Kelowna and 130 km east of Kamloops. Highway 97A passes through Enderby and the Shuswap River marks the eastern and northeastern limits of the City. There are two major schools in Enderby: M.V. Beattie Elementary School and A.L. Fortune Secondary School. M.V. Beattie Elementary School was rebuilt in 2012.

The rural area surrounding Enderby is made up of the communities of Ashton Creek, Grandview Bench, Grindrod, Kingfisher, Mara, Splatsin Reserve, Springbend and Trinity Valley. The rural area is 2,108.46 square kilometres. Several smaller lakes, including Gardom Lake and Hidden Lake, are also located in the area.
1713 Bancilhon
1713 Bancilhon, provisional designation 1951 SC, is an asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 5.7 kilometers in diameter.

It was discovered on 27 September 1951, by French astronomer Louis Boyer at Algiers Observatory in Algeria, North Africa, and named after French astronomer Odette Bancilhon.

Center of Research in Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Geophysics
The Algiers Observatory was built in the late 19th century in the Algiers suburb of Bouzaréah, Algeria, North Africa. It participated in the Astrographic Catalogue project, taking the zone between -2 and +4 degrees to expose 1,260 plates between the years 1891 and 1911. At the tail end of that time, the director of the installation was François Gonnessiat.

It is now known as the Centre de Recherche en Astronomie Astrophysique et Géophysique (CRAAG), where it combines astronomy with work in astrophysics, and geophysical research, including the monitoring of earthquakes.
2015 Turkmenistan Cup
The 2015 Turkmenistan Cup (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň Kubogy 2015)  was the 22nd season of the Turkmenistan Cup knockout tournament. Performed by the system of leaving since the quarterfinals, except commands FC Merw, FC Köpetdag, FC Daşoguz and FC Energetik Türkmenbaşy, they began the tournament with a preliminary stage. The preliminary stage of the tournament was launched August 1, 2015. The final match will held 15 December 2015. The cup champion wins a spot in the 2016 Turkmenistan Supercup final. The cup winner qualified for the 2016 AFC Cup.

FC Energetik Mary
FC Energetik is a Turkmen professional association football club based in the Türkmenbaşy village, Mary Province. Founded in 2015, the club played its first-ever top flight season in 2015. The club finished in third position in 2016, their highest achievement.
Wiesendanger Falls
Wiesendanger Falls, also known as Double Falls and Twanklaskie Falls, is a 50-foot waterfall on the Columbia River Gorge, Multnomah County, Oregon, United States. Its main drop is 50 feet and is located upstream of Multnomah Falls and accessed through the Multnomah-Wahkeena Loop Hike.

Multnomah County, Oregon
Multnomah County /mʌltˈnoʊmə/ ⓘ is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 815,428. Multnomah County is part of the Portland metropolitan area. The state's smallest and most populous county, its county seat, Portland, is the state's most populous city.
Amal Al Salam Zgharta FC
Amal Al Salam Zgharta Football Club  (Arabic: نادي أمل السلام زغرتا الرياضي) is an association football club based in Zgharta, Lebanon, that competes in the Lebanese Fourth Division. Founded in 2015, Amal Salam Zgharta acts as Salam Zgharta's reserve team.

The club played the first round of the 2019–20 Lebanese FA Cup as one of two Lebanese Third Division clubs in the tournament; they were defeated 1–4 by AC Sporting.

Lebanese Third Division
The Lebanese Third Division (Arabic: الدوري اللبناني الدرجة الثالثة) is the third division of Lebanese football, and is controlled by the Lebanese Football Association.

The 23 teams are divided into four groups of six teams each (one group has 5 teams); the first two teams of each group qualify to the playoffs and the first two teams of these playoffs qualify to the Lebanese Second Division and replace the relegated teams. On the other hand, the last two teams will be submitted to the playoffs that will decide which two of these four teams will be relegated to the Lebanese Fourth Division.
Linda Sanborn
Linda F. Sanborn (born December 30, 1951) is an American physician and politician from Maine. Sanborn, a Democrat from Gorham, served in the Maine House of Representatives from December 2008 until December 2016 and in the Maine Senate from 2018 to 2020.

Sanborn was born in Aurora, Illinois and earned a B.S. from Michigan State University in 1974 and her M.D. at the University of Illinois at Chicago in 1978.

Maine Democratic Party
The Maine Democratic Party is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Maine.

After the Civil War, Democrats were a minor player in a political scene dominated by the Republican Party. However, during the 1950s, Edmund Muskie led an expansive political insurgency culminating in his election as Governor of Maine and successive Democratic elections to both state and national offices.

It is currently the state's favored party, controlling both houses of the state legislature, governorship, and both of Maine's U.S. House seats. One of Maine's U.S. Senate seats is currently held by Angus King, an Independent who caucuses with the Democrats.
We Are (Jon Batiste album)
We Are (stylized in all caps) is the sixth studio album by Jon Batiste. It was released on Verve Records on March 19, 2021. In April 2022, We Are won Album of the Year at the 64th Annual Grammy Awards; it earned Batiste nine nominations in total, with five wins.

Following the 64th Annual Grammy Awards, We Are reached its peak at number 25 on the US Billboard 200 with 18,000 album equivalent units.

Album-equivalent unit
The album-equivalent unit, or album equivalent, often shortened to just unit, is a sales metric in the music industry that defines the number of songs streamed and songs downloaded equal to one album sale. The album-equivalent unit was introduced in the mid-2010s as an answer to the drop of album sales in the 21st century. Album sales more than halved from 1999 to 2009, declining from a $14.6 to $6.3 billion industry, partly due to cheap digitally downloaded singles. For instance, the only albums that went platinum in the United States in 2014 were the Frozen soundtrack and Taylor Swift's 1989, whereas several albums had gone platinum in 2013.

The use of album-equivalent units transformed the music charts from a ranking of best-selling albums into a ranking of most popular albums. The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) have used album-equivalent unit to measure their Global Recording Artist of the Year since 2013.
Subramanyam Bharti Award
Subramanyam Bharti Award (Devanagari: सुब्रह्मण्यम भारती पुरस्कार) is a literary honour in India which Kendriya Hindi Sansthan, (Central Hindi Organization), Ministry of Human Resource Development, annually confers on writers of outstanding works in Hindi literature. It is also a Hindi Sevi Samman and is given to number of Hindi experts for playing their important role in promoting the Hindi language.

Ministry of Education (India)
The Ministry of Education (MoE) is a ministry of the Government of India, responsible for the implementation of the National Policy on Education. The ministry is further divided into two departments: the Department of School Education and Literacy, which deals with primary, secondary and higher secondary education, adult education and literacy, and the Department of Higher Education, which deals with university level education, technical education, scholarships, etc.

The current education minister is Dharmendra Pradhan, a member of the Council of Ministers. India has had a Ministry of Education since 1947. In 1985, the Rajiv Gandhi government changed its name to the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), and with the newly drafted "National Education Policy 2020" by the Narendra Modi government, the Ministry of Human Resource Development was renamed back to the Ministry of Education.
Geology of Merseyside
This article describes the geology of the ceremonial county of Merseyside which includes the City of Liverpool and the modern metropolitan boroughs of Knowsley, Sefton and St Helens which prior to 1974 were part of the historic county of Lancashire and the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral which was until then part of the historic county of Cheshire.

The geology of Merseyside in northwest England largely consists of a faulted sequence of Carboniferous Coal Measures rocks overlain in the west by younger Triassic and Permian age sandstones and mudstones. Glaciation during the present Quaternary Period has left widespread glacial till as well as erosional landforms. Other post-glacial superficial deposits such as river and estuarine alluvium, peat and blown sand are abundant.

Metropolitan borough
A metropolitan borough (or metropolitan district) is a type of local government district in England. Created in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972, metropolitan boroughs are defined in English law as metropolitan districts within metropolitan counties. All of the metropolitan districts have been granted or regranted royal charters giving them borough status (and in some cases, they also have city status). Metropolitan boroughs have been effectively unitary authority areas since the abolition of metropolitan county councils by the Local Government Act 1985. Metropolitan boroughs pool much of their authority in joint boards and other arrangements that cover whole metropolitan counties, such as local enterprise partnerships and combined authorities, with most of the latter having a directly elected metropolitan mayor.
Russian frigate Oryol (1985)
Oryol (Russian: Орёл, lit. 'Eagle'; also Orel) is a Project 11351 Nerey-class frigate (NATO reporting name Krivak III class) of the Coast Guard of the FSB Border Service of Russia. Previously the ship served in the KGB Border Troops Naval Service as Imeni XXVII siezda KPSS (Имени XXVII съезда КПСС).

Type 53 torpedo
Type 53 is the common name for a family of 53 cm (21 inch) torpedoes manufactured in Russia, starting with the 53-27 torpedo and continuing to the modern UGST (Fizik-1), which is being replaced by the Futlyar.

With the exception of the UGST which uses Mark 48 style monopropellants, Soviet 53 cm torpedoes generally use electric power (since middle of World War II), or kerosene mixed with various oxidizers for propulsion. Russian torpedoes are often named descriptively for their characteristics – examples include "acoustic homing" or "electric torpedo", all in Russian acronyms.