hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yang Manch'un
Yang Manch'un is the name given to the Goguryeo commander of Ansi Fortress in the 640s. Ansi Fortress was located on the Goguryeo–Tang border, probably present-day Haicheng. Yang is sometimes credited with saving the kingdom by his successful defense against Tang Taizong.

Haicheng, Liaoning
Haicheng (Chinese: 海城; pinyin: Hǎichéng; lit. 'Sea City') is a county-level city in central Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southwest of the provincial capital Shenyang. It is under the administration of Anshan City, the seat of which lies 36 kilometres (22 mi) to the northeast.

Haicheng has an area of 2,576 square kilometres (995 sq mi) and as of the 2020 census, a decreasing population of 1,067,905 inhabitants (1,232,739 in 2020).

The infamous warlord General Zhang Zuolin was born in Haicheng.
Markville, Minnesota
Markville is an unincorporated community in Arna Township, Pine County, Minnesota, United States, located along the Saint Croix River.

The community is located east of Sandstone at the junction of Pine County Roads 31 and 25 (Markville Road).

Markville is located within ZIP code 55072, based in Sandstone. The Upper Tamarack River flows through the community. The Saint Croix State Forest is nearby. The Gandy Dancer Trail passes through Markville.

Markville is located near the Minnesota–Wisconsin state line. Nearby places in Minnesota include Cloverton, Kingsdale, and Duxbury. Nearby places in Wisconsin include Riverside, Cozy Corner, Dairyland, and Danbury.

Markville is located 28 miles east of Sandstone and 39 miles east-northeast of Hinckley.

A post office called Markville was established in 1912, and remained in operation until 1985. Markville had a depot on the Soo Railroad.

Gandy Dancer State Trail
The Gandy Dancer State Trail is a 98-mile recreational trail spanning through Wisconsin and Minnesota. The trail is managed by Polk, Burnett, and Douglas County in Wisconsin and the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources in Minnesota.
Caledonian Railway 782 Class
The Caledonian Railway 782 Class was a class of 0-6-0T steam locomotives designed by John F. McIntosh and introduced in 1896.  The 29 Class was similar but fitted with condensing apparatus. The locomotives were taken  into London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) ownership in 1923 and into British Railways (BR) ownership in 1948.

Caledonian Railway
The Caledonian Railway (CR) was one of the two biggest of the five major Scottish railway companies prior to the 1923 Grouping. It was formed in 1845 with the objective of forming a link between English railways and Glasgow. It progressively extended its network and reached Edinburgh and Aberdeen, with a dense network of branch lines in the area surrounding Glasgow. It was absorbed into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1923. Many of its principal routes are still used, and the original main line between Carlisle and Glasgow is in use as part of the West Coast Main Line railway (with a modified entry into Glasgow itself).
Nuclear Fuel Cycle Royal Commission
The Nuclear Fuel Cycle Royal Commission is a Royal Commission into South Australia's future role in the nuclear fuel cycle. It commenced on 19 March 2015 and delivered its final report to the Government of South Australia on 6 May 2016. The Commissioner was former Governor of South Australia, Kevin Scarce, a retired Royal Australian Navy Rear-Admiral and chancellor of the University of Adelaide. The Commission concluded that nuclear power was unlikely to be economically feasible in Australia for the foreseeable future. However, it identified an economic opportunity in the establishment of a deep geological storage facility and the receipt of spent nuclear fuel from prospective international clients.

Government of South Australia
The Government of South Australia, also referred to as the South Australian Government or the SA Government, is the executive branch of the state of South Australia. It is modelled on the Westminster system, meaning that the highest ranking members of the executive are drawn from an elected state parliament. Specifically the party or coalition which holds a majority of the House of Assembly (the lower chamber of the South Australian Parliament).
Kimbryanodus
Kimbryanodus is a genus of extinct ptyctodontid placoderm fish from the Frasnian of Australia.These placoderms can be told apart from others due to the large eyes, crushing tooth plates, long bodies, reduced armor, and a superficial resemblance to holocephalid fish. The group is so far the only Placoderms known with sexually dimorphic features. The fossils occur as small three dimensional isolated plates. Because of these new specimens the Ptyctodontid grouping got a taxonomic classification, it found that the genus Rhamphodopsis to be the most basal taxa. They are divided by having the more basal taxa having a median dorsal spine, a simple spinal plate, and a simple V-shaped overlap of the anterior lateral and the anterior dorsolateral plates.

Frasnian
The Frasnian is one of two faunal stages in the Late Devonian Period. It lasted from 382.31 million years ago to 372.15  million years ago. It was preceded by the Givetian Stage and followed by the Famennian Stage.

Major reef-building was under way during the Frasnian Stage, particularly in western Canada and Australia.  On land, the first forests were taking shape. In North America, the Antler orogeny peaked, which were contemporary with the Bretonic phase of the Variscan orogeny in Europe.

The Frasnian coincides with the second half of the "charcoal gap" in the fossil record, a time when atmospheric oxygen levels were below 13 percent, the minimum necessary to sustain wildfires.

North American subdivisions of the Frasnian include

West Falls Group

Sonyea Group

Genesee Group
Jumpinpin Channel
The Jumpinpin channel, also known as The Pin, is a fast moving tidal deep water channel in Queensland, Australia. It was formed in 1898 and severed Stradbroke Island, originally one island, into North Stradbroke Island and South Stradbroke Island. Its name is derived from a Yugambeh word meaning Pandanus root.

Channel (geography)
In physical geography and hydrology, a channel is a landform on which a relatively narrow body of water is situated, such as a river, river delta or strait. While channel typically refers to a natural formation, the cognate term canal denotes a similar artificial structure.

Channels are important for the functionality of ports and other bodies of water used for navigability for shipping. Naturally, channels will change their depth and capacity due to erosion and deposition processes. Humans maintain navigable channels by dredging and other engineering processes.

By extension, the term also applies to fluids other than water, e.g., lava channels.
The term is also traditionally used to describe the waterless surface features on Venus.
Hanguranketha
Hanguranketha (Sinhala: හඟුරන්කෙත, romanized: Han̆guranketa; Tamil: அங்குரன்கெதை, romanized: Aṅkuraṉketai) is a town in the Nuwara Eliya District, Central Province of Sri Lanka.

It is approximately 29 km (18 mi) southeast of Kandy and 106 km (66 mi) northeast of Colombo and located on the B413 Road.

Central Province, Sri Lanka
The Central Province (Sinhala: මධ්‍යම පළාත Madhyama Paḷāta, Tamil: மத்திய மாகாணம் Maddiya Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka. The province has an area of 567,400 ha (1,402,000 acres) and a population of 2,421,148, making it the second most populated province. The city of Kandy has been its capital since 1469.

The Central Province is located primarily in the central mountainous terrain of Sri Lanka. It is bordered by the North Central Province to the north, the Uva Province to the east, the North Western Province to the west and the Sabaragamuwa Province to the south and west.

The province is famous for its production of Ceylon tea, the cultivation of which was initiated by the British in the 1860s after a devastating disease killed all coffee plantations in the province. The province attracts many tourists, with hill station towns such as Gampola, Hatton and Nuwara Eliya. The province is home to four UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Johnnie Hoskins
Jack Stark Hoskins MBE (16 April 1892 Waitara, New Zealand – 5 April 1987 Kent, England) was the most significant promoter of speedway and stock car racing in the United Kingdom. He is considered by some to have invented motorcycle speedway.

Wembley Lions (speedway)
The Wembley Lions were a  motorcycle speedway team which operated from 1929 until their closure in 1971. Their track was located at the old Wembley Stadium or Empire Stadium, Wembley Park, London, England. The team were eight times champions of the United Kingdom.
Palmer BB Machine Gun
The Palmer BB Machine Gun is a training weapon capable of firing ball bearings.

During World War II, the USAAF and US Navy used thousands of Palmer BB machine guns to hone the skills  of aerial gunnery. This much larger gun is cycled by an electric solenoid and powered by compressed air. The air pressure is higher, at 180-200 psi, but the velocity runs between 500 and 600 f.p.s.

Velocity
Velocity is a measurement of speed in a certain direction of motion. It is a fundamental concept in kinematics, the branch of classical mechanics that describes the motion of physical objects. Velocity is a vector quantity, meaning that both magnitude and direction are needed to define it (velocity vector). The scalar absolute value (magnitude) of velocity is called speed, a quantity that is measured in metres per second (m/s or m⋅s−1) in the SI (metric) system. For example, "5 metres per second" is a scalar, whereas "5 metres per second east" is a vector. If there is a change in speed, direction or both, then the object is said to be undergoing an acceleration.
Magnani-Rocca Foundation
The Magnani-Rocca Foundation is a private collection of old masters and modern art, gathered by the art collector and critic Luigi Magnani. He established the foundation in 1978 honour of his father Giuseppe and his mother Eugenia Rocca to promote art, music and literary activities, though it was only from 1983 that he displayed his art collection to the public. It is housed in the Villa Magnani on via Fondazione Magnani Rocca 4 in Mamiano, a district of Traversetolo in the Province of Parma.

The collection includes works by Gentile da Fabriano, Albrecht Dürer, Vittore Carpaccio, Titian, Rubens, Van Dyck, Francisco Goya, Claude Monet, Auguste Renoir, Paul Cézanne, Giorgio Morandi (50 works), Giorgio de Chirico, Filippo de Pisis, Gino Severini, Alberto Burri, Johann Heinrich Füssli, Nicolas de Staël, Lippo di Dalmasio, Filippo Lippi, Domenico Ghirlandaio, Lorenzo Costa, Martin Schongauer as well as sculptures by Antonio Canova and Lorenzo Bartolini.

Henry Fuseli
Henry Fuseli RA (/ˈfjuːzəli, fjuːˈzɛli/ FEW-zə-lee, few-ZEL-ee; German: Johann Heinrich Füssli [ˈjoːhan ˈhaɪ̯nʁɪç ˈfyːsli]; 7 February 1741 – 17 April 1825) was a Swiss painter, draughtsman, and writer on art who spent much of his career in Britain.

Many of his successful works depict supernatural experiences, such as The Nightmare. He produced painted works for John Boydell's Shakespeare Gallery and for his own "Milton Gallery". He held the posts of Professor of Painting and Keeper at the Royal Academy. His style had a considerable influence on many younger British artists, including William Blake (1757–1827).
Pop Goes the Easel (1962 film)
Pop Goes the Easel is a 1962 British documentary directed by Ken Russell commissioned by the BBC's Monitor arts' television series. It is a portrait of pop artists Peter Blake, Derek Boshier, Pauline Boty and Peter Phillips in a style owing a little to their own.

The documentary was preceded by an introduction from Huw Wheldon, who noted that pop culture was "a world which you can dismiss if you feel so inclined as tawdry and second rate, but a world in which everyone to some degree lives whether they like it or not".

Peter Phillips (artist)
Peter Phillips (21 May 1939 – 23 June 2025) was an English artist whose work ranged from conventional oils on canvas to multi-media compositions and collages to sculptures and architecture.

As an originator of Pop art, Phillips trained at the Royal College of Art with his contemporaries David Hockney, Allen Jones, R.B. Kitaj and others figures in British Pop Art. When he was awarded a Harkness Fellowship he moved to New York, where he exhibited alongside American counterparts Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein and James Rosenquist. Phillips later returned to Europe, where he resided and continued to paint and exhibit.
Netaji Subhas University of Technology
Netaji Subhas University of Technology (NSUT), formerly Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology (NSIT) is a state university located in Dwarka, Delhi, India. In 2018, the institute was granted university status, changing its name to Netaji Subhas University of Technology (NSUT).

State university (India)
In India, state universities are run and funded by the state government of each of the states of India.

Following the adoption of the Constitution of India in 1950, education became a state responsibility. Following a constitutional change in 1976, it became a joint responsibility of the states and the central government.

As of 23 August 2022, the UGC lists 456 state universities.
Traditional Thai house
The traditional Thai house (Thai: เรือนไทย, RTGS: ruean thai, pronounced [rɯ̄a̯n tʰāj]; lit. 'Thai house') is a loose collection of vernacular architectural styles employed throughout the different regions of Thailand. Thai houses usually feature a bamboo or wooden structure, raised on stilts and topped with a steep gabled roof. The houses from each of Thailand's regions have distinctive styles, which reflect the people's living style, including social and cultural beliefs or religious customs and occupations.

Ongkharak district
Ongkharak (Thai: องครักษ์, pronounced [ʔōŋ.kʰā.rák]) is a district (amphoe) in the western part of Nakhon Nayok province, central Thailand.

Once King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) visited Mueang Nakhon Nayok. When he and his company arrived in the area of Ongkharak District, one of the royal guard fell ill and died. The king ordered a shrine built to commemorate his servant. Ongkharak means 'royal guard'.
IWRG Guerra de Sexos
Guerra de Sexos is a professional wrestling event produced annually by Lucha Libre promotion International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG). The event was established in 2011 and is held in February. The concept of the show was that each main event match was to be contested as a Mixed Steel Cage Match, with male, female, Mini-Estrella and Exótico competitors in the match at the same time. The last person in the cage would be forced to either remove their wrestling mask, or if already unmask have their hair shaved off under the Lucha de Apuestas, or bet match, rules. Being professional wrestling events, matches are not won legitimately through athletic competition; they are instead won via predetermined outcomes to the matches that is kept secret from the general public. Wrestlers portray either heels (the bad guys, referred to as Rudos in Mexico) or faces (fan favorites or Técnicos in Mexico). IWRG has not held a Guerra de Sexos event since 2012.

Mini-Estrella
The term Mini-Estrella (Spanish for "Mini-Star") is used in lucha libre to describe a division of short professional wrestlers or luchadors, some of whom have dwarfism. The Mexican Mini-Estrellas are comparable to midget wrestlers who compete internationally, but with the notable exception that some of the Mini-Estrellas do not have dwarfism but are simply short. Some Mini-Estrellas have later on moved on to work as regular sized competitors. The Mini-Estrellas have been featured in several promotions outside Mexico, most notably World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA).

Originally the height limit for the Minis division as set by Mexican lucha commissions was 1.53 m (5 ft 0 in) but in recent years wrestlers such as Pequeño Olímpico have worked the Minis division despite being as much as 1.59 m (5 ft 2+1⁄2 in) tall. In the formative years of Mini-Estrella wrestling, the Mini-Estrellas were also referred to as Micro Luchadors, or "Micro Wrestlers".
Terra Galega
Terra Galega (TeGa, in English: Galician Land) is a coalition of centrist and Galician nationalist political parties; it was established on November 4, 2005; but the name has been registered since May 2005.

Narón
Narón (Spanish: [naˈɾon] ⓘ) is a municipality in northwestern Spain in the autonomous community of Galicia. It belongs to the comarca of Ferrol.

Geographically, the town is very close to the Atlantic Ocean.  The city of Ferrol is 5 km away.  The nearest airports are located in the cities of A Coruña and Santiago de Compostela.

Narón has a train and bus connection to Ferrol as they form an urban continuum.
Hambardzum
Hambardzum (Armenian: Համբարձում), also spelt Hambartsum and Ambartsum, is an Armenian masculine given name, meaning "ascension". Notable people with the given name include:

Hambardzum Arakelian (1865–1918), Armenian journalist, writer and public activist

Hampartzoum Berberian (1905–1999), Armenian American composer, conductor and political activist

Hampartsoum Boyadjian (1860–1915), Armenian fedayee and politician in the Ottoman Empire

Hambardzum Galstyan (1955–1994), Armenian politician and historian

Hambarsoom Grigorian (1893–1975), Armenian musician

Hampar Kelikian (1899–1983), Armenian American orthopedic surgeon

Hambartsum Khachanyan (1894–1944), Armenian actor

Hampartsoum Limondjian (1768–1839), Ottoman Armenian composer

Hambardzum Terteryan (1884–????), Armenian politician

Hambardzum Galstyan
Hambardzum Paylaki Galstyan (Armenian: Համբարձում Փայլակի Գալստյան; December 14, 1955 – December 17, 1994) was an Armenian politician and historian who served as the Chairman of the Yerevan City Council (Mayor of Yerevan) from 1990 to 1992 and was a prominent member of the Karabakh Committee. On December 17, 1994, he was assassinated by unknown assailants.
Nathalie Tauziat
Nathalie Tauziat (born 17 October 1967) is a French former professional tennis player and coach. She was the runner-up in women's singles at the 1998 Wimbledon Championships and runner-up in the women's doubles at the 2001 US Open partnering  Kimberly Po-Messerli. She reached a career-high ranking of world No. 3 in both singles and doubles.

She previously coached Canadian tennis player Bianca Andreescu and compatriot Harmony Tan, and currently coaches Victoria Mboko.

Victoria Mboko
Victoria Vanessa "Vicky" Mboko (born 26 August 2006) is a Canadian professional tennis player. She has a career-high WTA singles ranking of world No. 10 and a doubles ranking of No. 304, both achieved on 16 February 2026. She is the current Canadian No. 1 in women's singles, and only the fourth Canadian woman in WTA Tour history (after Carling Bassett-Seguso, Eugenie Bouchard, and Bianca Andreescu) to reach the top 10.

Mboko has won two WTA Tour singles titles, including a WTA 1000 event at the 2025 Canadian Open. She represents Canada at the Billie Jean King Cup.
Lijewski
Lijewski is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christy Lijewski (born 1981), American comic book artist and illustrator

Krzysztof Lijewski (born 1983), Polish handball player

Marcin Lijewski (born 1977), Polish handball player

Marcin Lijewski
Marcin Lijewski (born 21 September 1977) is a former Polish handball player and the current coach of Poland.
As a player he received a silver medal with the Polish team at the 2007 World Men's Handball Championship in Germany and a bronze medal at the 2009 World Men's Handball Championship in Croatia. He participated at the 2008 Summer Olympics, where Poland finished 5th.
The Age of Unreason
The Age of Unreason is a series of four novels written by Gregory Keyes:

Newton's Cannon (1998), ISBN 1-56865-829-X

A Calculus of Angels (1999), ISBN 0-7394-0260-9

Empire of Unreason (2000), ISBN 0-345-40609-5

The Shadows of God (2001), ISBN 0-345-43904-X

Its title is a reference to Thomas Paine's treatise The Age of Reason.
The story spans the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century, with the action moving between England and France, later involving Russia, Austria, the Republic of Venice, and North America. The author makes use of pseudosciences (scientific alchemy instead of our physics) that were popular at the time: using affinity and aether, for example. Some historical characters appear in important roles: Isaac Newton, Voltaire, Benjamin Franklin, Cotton Mather, King Louis XIV of France, Emperor Peter the Great of Russia, King Charles XII of Sweden, and Edward Teach, better known as the pirate Blackbeard.

Chemical affinity
In chemical physics and physical chemistry, chemical affinity is the electronic property by which dissimilar chemical species are capable of forming chemical compounds.  Chemical affinity can also refer to the tendency of an atom or compound to combine by chemical reaction with atoms or compounds of unlike composition.
Kodumudi Magudeswarar Temple
The Magudeswarar Temple in Kodumudi is a large Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva in Erode district of Tamil Nadu, India. 
This is the sixth temple in Kongu, the region praised in the Thevaram hymns. it is situated on the banks of the river Kaveri. The sage Agastya is associated with this temple.

Tamil calendar
The Tamil calendar is a sidereal solar calendar used by the Tamil people. It is used in the Indian subcontinent, and other countries with significant Tamil population like Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore, Myanmar and Mauritius. It is used in contemporary times for cultural, religious and agricultural events, with the Gregorian calendar largely used for official purposes.
Belder
Belder is a surname.

Bas Belder (born 1946), Dutch politician and Member of the European Parliament

Dylan De Belder (born 1992), Belgian footballer

Pieter-Jan Belder (born 1966), Dutch instrumentalist in historically informed performance, playing recorder, harpsichord and fortepiano

Rikki Belder (born 1993), Australian Track Cyclist

Rikki Belder
Rikki Belder (born 2 July 1993) is a former Australian track sprint cyclist. She was the 2017 Oceania Champion in the 500m Team Sprint (with Holly Takos and Courtney Field), and has won six Australian Titles in the same event with fellow South Australian team members Anna Meares OAM and Stephanie Morton OAM.

Belder holds the Australian Championship Record in the 500m Team Sprint (with Stephanie Morton). She represented Australia at the 2015 Union Cycliste Internationale – UCI Track Cycling World Cup III in Cali, Colombia, and at the 2017 Oceania Track Cycling Championships.
High School (2010 film)
High School (also known as HIGH school) is a 2010 American teen stoner comedy film starring Adrien Brody. It is the feature-length directorial debut of John Stalberg, Jr. The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival and was theatrically distributed by Anchor Bay Films on June 1, 2012.

Matt Bush (actor)
Matthew Bush (born March 22, 1986) is an American actor, best known for the film Adventureland and his AT&T Rollover Minutes commercials. He starred in the TBS comedy Glory Daze as Eli Feldman, a freshman who rushes the wildest fraternity on a 1980s college campus. He also featured in a 2018 Pizza Hut commercial and played Andy Cogan on The Goldbergs.