hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Constanța Marino-Moscu
Constanța Marino-Moscu (17 April 1875–20 September 1940) was a Romanian short story writer.

Born in Agapia, Neamț County, her father was the farmer Panait Marino and his wife Ana (née Popovici). After attending primary school in Pașcani and high school level classes at the Dodun de Perires boarding school in Iași, she studied piano in Paris, Vienna and Berlin. She married Gheorghe Moscu, a magistrate. Her published debut was the short story "Natalița", which appeared in Viața Românească in 1908. Her first book was the short story collection Ada Lazu (1911). Magazines that published her work include Viața Românească, Sburătorul, Adevărul literar și artistic and Lectura pentru toți. She wrote two other story collections (Tulburarea, 1923; Făclii în noapte, 1930), and memoir essays in Viața Românească ("Amintirile Caterinei State") and Adevărul literar și artistic ("Din zilele şi gândurile mele").

Sburătorul
Sburătorul was a Romanian modernist literary magazine and literary society, established in Bucharest in April 1919. Led by Eugen Lovinescu, the circle was instrumental in developing new trends and styles in Romanian literature, ranging from a new wave of Romanian symbolism to an urban-themed realism and the avant-garde. The review, subtitled Revista literară, artistică şi culturală ("Literary, artistic, and cultural review"), was published between April 1919 and May 1921, and again from March 1926 to June 1927 (a weekly magazine entitled Sburătorul Literar was published between September 1921 and December 1922).

During its last period in print, Sburătorul engaged in a polemic with partisans of a more traditional style, especially figures grouped around the Sămănătorul magazine. Lovinescu himself argued against Nicolae Iorga's ethnocentric views on Romania in the Middle Ages.
Raozan Government College
Raozan Government College, Chittagong (Bengali: রাউজান সরকারি কলেজ) is a government-run, honors-level degree college in Raozan Upazila, Chittagong District, Bangladesh. It was founded in 1963 by AKM Fazlul Kabir Chowdhury, a member of the East Pakistan Provincial Assembly.

In 2017, the Directorate of Secondary and Higher Education ordered that the college, which had been private, would be nationalized.

The campus is located on the south side of the Chittagong-Rangamati Highway in Sultanpur, Raozan Municipality, Chittagong. It is about 750 metres (2,460 ft) south of the Upazila headquarters. BDT 12.1 million (US$150,000) has been allocated for the construction of a four-story information technology building.

Bangladeshi taka
The taka (Bengali: টাকা, IPA: [ˈʈa.kaˑ], sign: ৳, code: BDT, short form: Tk) is the currency of Bangladesh.

Issuance of banknotes ৳10 and larger is controlled by Bangladesh Bank, while the ৳2 and ৳5 govt. notes are the responsibility of the ministry of finance. The govt. notes of Tk. 2 and Tk.5 have mostly been replaced by coins while lower denomination coins (including all poysha coins) up to Tk. 1 have almost gone out of circulation due to inflation. The most commonly used symbol for the taka is "৳" and "Tk", used on receipts while purchasing goods and services. It is divided into 100 poysha, but poysha coins are no longer in circulation. The poysha is still used for accounting purposes (e.g., Tk 123,456.78 for 123,456 taka and 78 poysha).

On 8 May 2024, the central bank placed the taka in a crawling peg to the US dollar, with a rate of 117 takas per US dollar.
The Assassin's Song
The Assassin's Song is a novel by M. G. Vassanji, published in 2007 by Doubleday Canada. It is the story of a young Indian boy (Karsan Dargawalla) whose dream is to escape his family's religious legacy. He wants to be ordinary: to go to school, play cricket, talk to girls, and make his own choices. He tries to escape by traveling to the United States for college (at Harvard) and eventually settling in Canada (in B.C.). The novel also contains the in-depth narrative of his ancient forebear.

It was shortlisted for the Giller Prize, the Governor General's Award, and the Rogers Writers' Trust Fiction Prize.

Governor General's Awards
The Governor General's Awards are a collection of annual awards presented by the governor general of Canada, recognizing distinction in numerous academic, artistic, and social fields.

The first award was conceived and inaugurated in 1937 by the Lord Tweedsmuir, a prolific writer of fiction and non-fiction; he created the Governor General's Literary Award with two award categories. Successive governors general have followed suit, establishing an award for whichever endeavour they personally found important. Only Adrienne Clarkson created three Governor General's Awards: the Governor General's Award in Visual and Media Arts, the Governor General's Northern Medal, and the Governor General's Medal in Architecture (though this was effectively a continuation of the Massey Medal, first established in 1950).
37th Flying Training Wing (World War II)
The 37th Flying Training Wing is an inactive United States Army Air Forces unit.  It was last assigned to the Western Flying Training Command, and was disbanded on 16 June 1946 at Luke Field, Arizona.

There is no lineage between the United States Air Force 37th Training Wing, established on 22 December 1939 as the 37th Pursuit Group (Interceptor) at Albrook Army Airfield, Panama Canal Zone, and this organization.

Albrook Air Force Station
Albrook Air Force Station is a former United States Air Force facility in Panama. It was closed on 30 September 1997 as a result of the Torrijos-Carter Treaties which specified that United States military facilities in the former Panama Canal Zone be closed and the facilities be turned over to the Panamanian government. It was located on the east side of the Panama Canal just south of Fort Clayton and north of the township of Balboa, Panama. Beginning in January 1999, the air field initiated civilian air service as Albrook "Marcos A. Gelabert" International Airport.
Vandalia Gathering
The Vandalia Gathering is a popular festival devoted to old-time and bluegrass music, as well as related arts such as dance, quilt making, and cooking, which takes place each summer on the state capitol grounds in Charleston, West Virginia, United States. It was established in 1977. It is held on Memorial Day weekend in May. The festival features solo competitions, whose winners are awarded cash prizes.

Performers at the festival have included Lester McCumbers, Dwight Diller, Ginny Hawker and Tracy Schwarz, and Everett Lilly and the Lilly Mountaineers.

There was no gathering in 2020 as officials cited the COVID-19 pandemic as grounds for cancellation.

The Lilly Brothers
The Lilly Brothers, (Bea Lilly, born Michael Burt Lilly, December 15, 1921 – September 18, 2005 and brother Everett Lilly, born July 1, 1924 – May 8, 2012) were bluegrass musicians born in Clear Creek, West Virginia. They have been credited with bringing bluegrass to New England and with influencing such future bluegrass artists as Peter Rowan, Joe Val and Bill Keith, among others.
Sable Island (film)
Sable Island (French: L'Île de sable) is a Canadian drama film, directed by Johanne Prégent and released in 1999. The film stars Caroline Dhavernas as Manou, a 16-year-old girl from smalltown Quebec who runs off with her boyfriend Jim (Sébastien Huberdeau) to Sable Island, Nova Scotia following the death of her mother; during the trip she regularly calls home to speak to her older sister Geneviève (Anick Lemay), who reveals family secrets that radically reconfigure Manou's understanding of her life.

The film's cast also includes François Papineau as Geneviève's boyfriend, and Marie Tifo as Jim's mother.

Huberdeau received a Jutra Award nomination for Best Actor at the 2nd Jutra Awards in 2000.

Sable Island
Sable Island (French: île de Sable, literally "island of sand") is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean, about 300 kilometres (160 nmi) southeast of Halifax, Canada, and about 175 kilometres (95 nmi) southeast of the closest point of mainland Nova Scotia. The island is staffed year-round by  employees of Canada's National Parks agency, Parks Canada. The number of people on Sable Island fluctuates throughout the year, rising during the summer months when the island is frequented by researchers and an increased staff complement. Notable for its role in early Canadian history and the Sable Island horse, the island is protected and managed by Parks Canada, which must grant permission prior to any visit. Sable Island is part of District 7 of the Halifax Regional Municipality in Nova Scotia. The island is also a protected National Park Reserve and an Important Bird Area.
WOSA
WOSA (101.1 FM) is a non-commercial educational radio station licensed to Grove City, Ohio, featuring a classical music format known as "Classical 101fm". Owned by Ohio State University, the station serves Columbus, Ohio, and much of the surrounding Columbus metro area, extending its reach into Mansfield, Marion and Southern Ohio with five full-power repeaters. The WOSA studios are located on North Pearl Street near the Ohio State University campus, while the station transmitter resides off of Borror Road in Lockbourne. In addition to a standard analog transmission, WOSA is available online. It is one of a few non-commercial stations in the United States to broadcast outside of its recommended frequency range (88-92 MHz).

Non-commercial educational station
A non-commercial educational station (NCE station) is a radio station or television station that does not accept on-air advertisements (TV ads or radio ads), as defined in the United States by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and was originally intended to offer educational programming as part, or whole, of its programming. NCE stations do not pay broadcast license fees for their non-profit uses of the radio spectrum. Stations which are almost always operated as NCE include public broadcasting, community radio, and college radio, as well as many religious broadcasting stations.
Nearly all non-commercial radio stations derive their support from listener support, grants and endowments, such as the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) that distributes supporting funds provided by Congress to support public radio.
Halophile
A halophile (from the Greek word for 'salt-loving') is an extremophile that thrives in high salt concentrations. In chemical terms, halophile refers to a Lewis acidic species that has some ability to extract halides from other chemical species.

While most halophiles are classified into the domain Archaea, there are also bacterial halophiles and some eukaryotic species, such as the alga Dunaliella salina and fungus Wallemia ichthyophaga. Some well-known species give off a red color from carotenoid compounds, notably bacteriorhodopsin.

Halophiles can be found in water bodies with salt concentration more than five times greater than that of the ocean, such as the Great Salt Lake in Utah, Owens Lake in California, the Lake Urmia in Iran, the Dead Sea, and in evaporation ponds. They are theorized to be a possible analogues for modeling extremophiles that might live in the salty subsurface water ocean of Jupiter's Europa and similar moons.

Bacteriorhodopsin
Bacteriorhodopsin (Bop) is a protein used by Archaea, most notably by Haloarchaea, a class of the Euryarchaeota. It acts as a proton pump; that is, it captures light energy and uses it to move protons across the membrane out of the cell. The resulting proton gradient is subsequently converted into chemical energy.
Ulrich Rösch
Ulrich Rösch (born 14 February 1426 in Wangen im Allgäu; died 13 March 1491 in Wil) was abbot of the Abbey of Saint Gall from 1463 to 1491. He is considered one of the most outstanding abbots of the monastery.

Wangen im Allgäu
Wangen im Allgäu (German pronunciation: [ˈvaŋən ʔɪm ˈʔalɡɔʏ], lit. 'Wangen in the Allgäu'; Low Alemannic: Wãnge) is a historic city in southeast Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It lies north-east of Lake Constance in the Westallgäu. It is the second-largest city (population: 26,927 in 2020) in the Ravensburg district and is a nexus for the surrounding communities. From 1938 to 1972, Wangen was the county seat of the Wangen rural district.
Dolyna Raion
Dolyna Raion (Ukrainian: Долинський райо́н, romanized: Dolyns'kyj rajon) was a raion (administrative district) of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast of Ukraine. The city of Dolyna was the administrative center of the raion. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast Oblast to six. The area of Dolyna Raion was merged into Kalush Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 68,266 (2020 est.).

The raion was located in the historical land of Boyko people.

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of three hromadas:

Dolyna urban hromada with the administration in Dolyna;

Vyhoda settlement hromada with the administration in the urban-type settlement of Vyhoda;

Vytvytsia rural hromada with the administration in the selo of Vytvytsia.

Vytvytsia
Vytvytsia (Ukrainian: Витвиця; Polish: Witwica) is a village in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine, in Kalush Raion. It is the administrative centre of Vytvytsia rural hromada. Its population is 1,255 (as of 2023).
Universidad del Valle
The term Universidad del Valle could refer to the following:

Universidad del Valle (Colombia), one of the biggest and most important universities in Colombia.

Universidad del Valle (Costa Rica)

Universidad del Valle de Atemajac, a private catholic university in Mexico

Universidad del Valle de Cuernavaca

Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, the first private university in Guatemala.

Universidad del Valle de México, a for-profit university in Mexico.

Universidad del Valle de Nicaragua, a private university in Nicaragua.

Universidad Privada del Valle, a private university in Bolivia.

Universidad del Valle de Atemajac
The Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA, also known as University of the Valley of Atemajac) is a private Catholic university in Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico, located in the Guadalajara metropolitan area. While international students are welcome, the language of instruction at UNIVA is Spanish. Ximena Navarrete, the winner of the Miss Universe 2010 competition, studied in this university.
Hebei University of Engineering
Hebei University of Engineering (Chinese: 河北工程大学; pinyin: Héběi Gōngchéng Dàxué) is a provincial university based in Handan, Hebei, China.

It was established in 2003 from the amalgamation of individual colleges: Hebei Institute of Architectural Science and Technology, North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydro-electric Power, Handan Medicine College and Handan Agriculture College.

In 2006, Ministry of Education of China authorised the university to change its name to Hebei University of Engineering. The university now specialises in the fields of civil engineering, together with science disciplines, water power, agriculture and medicine.

Ministry of Education (China)
The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China is a constituent department of the State Council, responsible for basic education, vocational education, higher education, and other educational affairs throughout the country. The Ministry of Education acts as the predominant funder of national universities and colleges in China. The ministry also accredits tertiary institutions, degree curriculum, and school teachers of the country.

The Ministry of Education currently has 19 internal departments and bureaus. As of 2022, there were 75 colleges and universities affiliated with the Ministry of Education.
Piruzabad, Golestan
Piruzabad (Persian: پيروز آباد, also Romanized as Pīrūzābād) is a village in Kongor Rural District, in the Central District of Kalaleh County, Golestan Province, Iran. As of the 2006 census, its population was 213, in 57 families.

Golestan province
Golestan province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in the northeast of the country and southeast of the Caspian Sea. Its capital is the city of Gorgan, formerly called Esterabad until 1937. Golestan was split off from Mazandaran Province in 1997.

Golestan province borders Turkmenistan to the north. One of the key border points between the two countries is Incheh Borun, which serves as a vital crossing point.

The province was made a part of Region 1 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions, solely for coordination and development purposes, on 22 June 2014. The majority of its population are Shia Muslims.
2025 Superliga Colombiana
The 2025 Superliga Colombiana (officially known as the Superliga BetPlay Dimayor 2025 for sponsorship purposes) was the fourteenth edition of the Superliga Colombiana, Colombia's football super cup tournament organized by DIMAYOR. It was contested by Atlético Bucaramanga and Atlético Nacional, champions of the 2024 Categoría Primera A season tournaments, from 29 January to 6 February 2025.

Atlético Nacional won their fourth title in the competition, defeating Atlético Bucaramanga on penalty kicks after a 1–1 draw on aggregate.

División Mayor del Fútbol Profesional Colombiano
The División Mayor del Fútbol Profesional Colombiano (Major Division of Colombian Professional Football), also known by the truncation DIMAYOR, is an organization responsible for organizing and operating professional football leagues and tournaments in Colombia. It administers the top two levels of professional football leagues in Colombia, the Primera A and the Primera B, as well as the Colombian Superliga and Copa Colombia, Colombia's domestic football cup.
Maigret on the Defensive
Maigret on the Defensive (French: Maigret se défend) is a 1964 detective novel by the Belgian writer Georges Simenon featuring his character Jules Maigret.
The novel was first published in English in 1966 by Hamish Hamilton Ltd., translated by Alastair Hamilton.
In 2019, this novel was reissued in English by Penguin under the title Maigret Defends Himself (ISBN 9780241304068), newly translated by Howard Curtis.

Hamish Hamilton
Hamish Hamilton Limited is a publishing imprint and originally a British publishing house, founded in 1931 eponymously by the half-Scot half-American Jamie Hamilton (Hamish is the vocative form of the Gaelic Seumas [meaning James], James the English form – which was also his given name, and Jamie the diminutive form). Jamie Hamilton was often referred to as Hamish Hamilton.

The Hamish Hamilton imprint is now part of the Penguin Random House group.
Walton Hall Park
Walton Hall Park in Walton, Liverpool, England is a 130-acre (0.53 km2) park. It was opened to the public on 18 July 1934 by King George V when he visited Liverpool to open the Queensway Tunnel. The origins of the park date back to Henry de Walton, steward of the West Derby hundred in 1199.

The park contains two lakes. The larger lake has two islands and is inhabited by several large carps, bream and tench fishes as well as a large number of skimmer breams, roaches and perches. The smaller lake has a path running around the perimeter.

Since September 2019 Everton L.F.C. of the FA Women's Super League have played their home games at the main grandstand.

Perch
Perch is a common name for freshwater fish from the genus Perca, which belongs to the family Percidae of the large order Perciformes. The name comes from Greek: πέρκη, romanized: perke, meaning the type species of this genus, the European perch (P. fluviatilis).

Many species of freshwater game fish more or less resemble perch, but belong to different genera. In fact, the exclusively saltwater-dwelling red drum (which belongs to a different order Acanthuriformes) is often referred to as a "red perch", though by definition perch are freshwater species. Though many fish are referred to as perch as a common name, to be considered a true perch, the fish must be of the family Percidae.

The earliest fossil remains of Perca are known from the Middle Miocene of Ukraine.
Wiązownica massacre
The Wiązownica massacre occurred on 17 April 1945 in the village Wiązownica, located in Jarosław County Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in southeastern Poland, then located in Lwów Voivodeship. It was one of the Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia, and was perpetrated by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA). The massacre occurred during a battle fought between the UPA and, initially, local Polish partisans, and, later, the Polish People's Army (LWP), towards the outskirts of Wiązownica. It saw the deaths of 91 civilians, including 20 women and children, alongside four LWP soldiers. The UPA also burned down 150 houses. In retaliation for the attack, the LWP led an attack on the village Piskorowice, given its large concentration of Ukrainians sympathetic for OUN.

There is a commemorative plaque to honor the victims of the massacre on the side of the church in Wiązownica. Several hundred attended when it was unveiled on 6 October 2013.

Jarosław County
Jarosław County (Polish: powiat jarosławski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland, on the border with Ukraine. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Jarosław, which lies 49 kilometres (30 mi) east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The only other towns in the county are Radymno, lying 13 km (8 mi) south-east of Jarosław, and Pruchnik (a town since 2011).

The county covers an area of 1,029.15 square kilometres (397.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population was 120,462, out of which the population of Jarosław was 37,585, that of Radymno was 5,279, that of Pruchnik was 3,764, and the rural population was 73,834.
Thaddeus Stevens Elementary School (Pittsburgh)
Thaddeus Stevens Elementary School (also known as Thaddeus Stevens School, and Pittsburgh Stevens K-8)  is located at 824 Crucible Street in the Elliott neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

It was added to the List of Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation Historic Landmarks in 2001, and the List of City of Pittsburgh historic designations on November 30, 1999.

Pittsburgh Public Schools
Pittsburgh Public Schools is the public school district serving the city of Pittsburgh and adjacent Mount Oliver, Pennsylvania. As of the 2021–2022 school year, the district operates 54 schools with 4,192 employees (2,070 teachers) and 20,350 students, and has a budget of $668.3 million. The budget per student for the 2018-19 school year averaging to approximately $22,961. According to the district's 2021 budget, based on the 2010 U.S. census, the combined land area served is 55.3 square miles (143 km2), with a population of 309,359.