hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Botswana national under-17 football team
The Botswana national under-17 football team, nicknamed the Zebras, represents the Botswana in international youth football competitions. Its primary role is the development of players in preparation for the senior national team. The team competes in a variety of competitions, including the biennial FIFA U-17 World Cup and the U-17 Africa Cup of Nations, which is the top competitions for this age group.

U-17 Africa Cup of Nations
The U-17 Africa Cup of Nations, known as the TotalEnergies U-17 Africa Cup of Nations for sponsorship purposes, is a biennial youth association football competition organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF) for its nations consisting of players under the age of 17. It serves as the African qualification tournament for the FIFA U-17 World Cup.
2012 BMW Open – Doubles
Simone Bolelli and Horacio Zeballos were the defending champions but decided not to participate. Bolelli entered the Estoril Open instead, while Zeballos competes in the Tunis Open.
František Čermák and Filip Polášek won the tournament defeating Xavier Malisse and Dick Norman 6–4, 7–5 in the final.

2012 Tunis Open – Doubles
Jeff Coetzee and Kristof Vliegen were the defending champions but decided not to participate.
Jerzy Janowicz and Jürgen Zopp won the title after defeating Nicholas Monroe and Simon Stadler 7–6(7–1), 6–3 in the final.
Pre-hospital emergency medicine
Pre-hospital emergency medicine (abbreviated PHEM), also referred to as pre-hospital care, immediate care, or emergency medical services medicine (abbreviated EMS medicine), is a medical subspecialty which focuses on caring for seriously ill or injured patients before they reach hospital, and during emergency transfer to hospital or between hospitals. It may be practised by physicians from various backgrounds such as anaesthesiology, emergency medicine, intensive care medicine and acute medicine, after they have completed initial training in their base specialty.

Doctors practising PHEM are usually well-integrated with local emergency medical services, and are dispatched together with emergency medical technicians or paramedics where potentially life-threatening trauma or illness is suspected that may benefit from immediate specialist medical treatment. This may involve travelling by car or air ambulance to the site.

Emergency medical technician
An emergency medical technician (EMT) is a medical professional that provides emergency medical services. EMTs are most commonly found serving on ambulances and in fire departments in the US and Canada, as full-time and some part-time departments require their firefighters to at least be EMT certified.

EMTs are often employed by public ambulance services, municipal EMS agencies, governments, hospitals, and fire departments. Some EMTs are paid employees, while others (particularly those in rural areas) are volunteers. EMTs provide medical care under a set of protocols, which are typically written by a physician.

EMTs often work alongside other EMS professionals such as paramedics, who receive additional training and are granted a greater scope of practice.
Riga–Daugavpils Railway
The Riga–Daugavpils railway line (Latvian: Dzelzceļa līnija Rīga—Daugavpils) is a 218-kilometre (135 mi) long railway line in Latvia that connects the cities of Riga in central Latvia and Daugavpils in south-eastern Latvia.

The railway line is double track between Riga and Krustpils and single track between Krustpils and Daugavpils. It is electrified between Riga and Aizkraukle. The track gauge is 1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in) (Russian gauge). It was built in 1861, and is one of the oldest railway lines in Latvia.

Track gauge
In rail transport, track gauge is the distance between the two rails of a railway track. All vehicles on a rail network must have wheelsets that are compatible with the track gauge. Since many different track gauges exist worldwide, gauge differences often present a barrier to wider operation on railway networks.

The term derives from the metal bar, or gauge, that is used to ensure the distance between the rails is correct.

Railways also deploy two other gauges to ensure compliance with a required standard. A loading gauge is a two-dimensional profile that encompasses a cross-section of the track, a rail vehicle and a maximum-sized load: all rail vehicles and their loads must be contained in the corresponding envelope. A structure gauge specifies the outline into which structures (bridges, platforms, lineside equipment etc.) must not encroach.
Yolanda (name)
Yolanda is a female given name from Western Europe and North America, derived from the Greek name Iolanthe meaning "Violet" (the flower). In German and Dutch the name is spoken similarly but traditionally spelled Jolanda, and in Italian, Portuguese and Romanian Iolanda. Yolonda is an African-American spelling of the name. Cognates are the Czech and Slovak Jolantha and the Polish Jolanta.

Notable people and characters named Yolanda include:

Iolanda
Iolanda is a given name used in  Italian, Portuguese and Romanian languages. Notable people with this name include:

Iolanda Balaș (1936–2016), Romanian Olympic athlete and high jumper

Iolanda Batallé (born 1971), Catalan writer

Iolanda Cintura (born 1972), Mozambican chemist and politician

Iolanda Costa (born 1994), known as simply Iolanda, Portuguese singer and songwriter

Iolanda Di Stasio (born 1992), Italian politician

Iolanda Fleming (born 1936), Brazilian professor and politician

Iolanda García Sàez (born 1975), Spanish ski mountaineer

Iolanda Gigliotti (1933–1987), known as Dalida, Egyptian and Italian naturalized French vocalist and actress

Iolanda Nanni (1968–2018), Italian politician

Iolanda Oanță (born 1965), Romanian athlete
Katong Constituency
Katong Constituency was a constituency in Singapore from 1951 until 1959 and from 1968 until 1984.

In 1951, the constituency was carved out from Municipal North–East Constituency and was represented in the Legislative Council from 1951 until 1955. In 1955, parts of the constituency was carved out to form Geylang and Paya Lebar constituencies but it remained represented in the Legislative Assembly of Singapore from 1955 until 1959 where it was abolished. The constituency was split into Joo Chiat, Mountbatten and Siglap constituencies. In 1968, the constituency was reformed by carving out from Mountbatten Constituency and lasted till 1984 where it was once again abolished and split into Joo Chiat and Mountbatten constituencies.

Legislative Assembly of Singapore
The Legislative Assembly of Singapore was the unicameral legislature that governed Singapore from 1955 to 1965 during its transition from a British colony to a self-governing state. Established under the Rendel Constitution, it marked a significant shift toward representative government, with a majority of its members elected by the public. The Assembly underwent constitutional reforms in 1958 to provide for full internal self-government, and it functioned as the legislature of the State of Singapore until the country's full independence in 1965. It was then succeeded by the Parliament of Singapore, which continues to serve as the country's legislative authority.
Azumini
Azumini Audio file "Ig-Azumini.ogg" not found is a town in Nigeria's Abia state. It is located some 15 miles south of the commercial city of Aba. It is famous for the Azumini Blue River.

It is also an ancient slave trade route through the blue river commonly known in local dialect as Mini- Okigo.

Aba, Nigeria
Aba is a city in southeastern Nigeria. It lies along the west bank of the Aba River and is at the intersection of roads leading to cities such as Port Harcourt, Owerri, Umuahia, Ikot Ekpene, and Ikot-Abasi.

Aba was established by the Ngwa clan of the Igbo people in Nigeria as a market town. Later, a military post was placed there by the British colonial administration in 1901. The city became a collection point for agricultural products following construction of a British-made railway running through it to Port Harcourt. Aba is a major urban settlement and commercial centre in Abia State, which is surrounded by small villages and towns. The indigenous people of Aba are the Ngwa. Aba is well known for its craftsmen, and as of 2016, Aba had an estimated population of 2,534,265, making it the biggest city in southeastern Nigeria.
Jeleń, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Jeleń [ˈjɛlɛɲ] (German: Gellen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Borne Sulinowo, within Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-east of Borne Sulinowo, 13 km (8 mi) south-west of Szczecinek, and 136 km (85 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Szczecinek
Szczecinek (Polish: [ʂt͡ʂɛˈt͡ɕinɛk] ⓘ; German: Neustettin) is a historic city in Middle Pomerania, northwestern Poland, capital of Szczecinek County in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, with a population of more than 40,000 (2011). The town's total area is 48.63 square kilometres (18.78 square miles).

The turbulent history of Szczecinek reaches back to the High Middle Ages, when the area was ruled by Pomeranian dukes and princes. The majority of the city's architecture survived World War II and, subsequently, its entire Old Town was proclaimed a national heritage monument of Poland. Szczecinek is the location of one of the oldest museums and one of the oldest high schools in Pomerania and northern Poland, and one of the places of production of krówki. It is an important railroad junction, located along the main Poznań - Kołobrzeg line, which crosses less important lines to Chojnice and Słupsk.
Brown patch
Brown patch is a common turfgrass fungal disease that is caused by species in the genus Rhizoctonia, usually Rhizoctonia solani. Brown patch can be found in all of the cool season turfgrasses found in the United States. Brown patch is most devastating to: Bentgrass (Agrostis sp.), ryegrass (Lolium sp.), Annual bluegrass (Poa annua), and Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea).  Brown patch is also found in Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) and Fine fescue (Festuca sp.) but this is rare or does minimal damage. Brown patch is known as a foliar disease, so it does not have any effect on the crown or roots of the turf plant.

Lolium arundinaceum
Lolium arundinaceum, commonly known as tall fescue, is a cool-season, perennial C3 grass species native to Europe and introduced to North America and other parts of the world. It naturally occurs in grasslands and coastal marshes. Tall fescue is grown in a range of cultivars, widely used for livestock forage, in lawns and recreational areas as turf, and occasionally for managing soil erosion.

Most publications have used the names Festuca arundinacea or, more recently, Schedonorus arundinaceus for this species, but DNA studies appear to have settled a long debate that it should be included within the genus Lolium instead.
Royal Commission of Inquiry into COVID-19 Lessons Learned
The Royal Commission of Inquiry into COVID-19 Lessons Learned (Te Tira Ārai Urutā) is a Royal Commission of Inquiry appointed by the New Zealand Government to look at its official response to the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand. Its focus is to look at lessons learned from the Government response to prepare for future pandemics. The inquiry examines the overall pandemic response with the exception of decisions made by the Reserve Bank of New Zealand's Monetary Policy Committee. The first phase report was released in late November 2024.

Ayesha Verrall
Ayesha Jennifer Verrall (/ˈaɪʃə/ EYE-shə; born 1979) is a New Zealand politician, infectious-diseases physician and researcher with expertise in tuberculosis and international health. Since 2020 she has been a Member of the New Zealand House of Representatives for the Labour Party.

Verrall was previously a senior lecturer in pathology and molecular medicine at the University of Otago. She came to public attention during the COVID-19 pandemic when, after criticising the Government's pandemic response, she was commissioned to audit the contact tracing system. Soon after, she was elected to Parliament and appointed to the Cabinet. She served as Minister for Food Safety, Minister for Research, Science and Innovation, Minister for Seniors, and Minister of Health in the Sixth Labour Government.
Andi Cristea
Andi-Lucian Cristea (born 5 January 1982) is a Romanian politician of the Social Democratic Party. Since 2020, he has been a member of the Chamber of Deputies. He was the executive director of the Social Democratic Youth from 2010 to 2013, and the director general of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 2012 to 2014.

He previously served as a member of the European Parliament from 2014 to 2019. 
He was not directly elected in 2024, but replaced Roxana Mînzatu after her nomination as a European Commissioner in December 2024.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Romania)
The Romanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Romanian: Ministerul Afacerilor Externe) is the ministry responsible for external affairs of the Romanian Government. The current foreign minister is Oana Țoiu.
Stadio Sergio Lanfranchi (original)
Stadio Sergio Lanfranchi (or Sergio Lanfranchi Stadium) was a sports stadium in the city of Parma in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy.

The stadium was named after Sergio Lanfranchi (1925–2001), an international rugby union forward from Parma who played for Italy from 1949 to 1961 and spent most of his club career in France.

It was a 3,600-seat arena which hosted Gran Ducato Parma Rugby and Crociati Parma Rugby FC rugby union teams.  It also hosted the Parma Panthers American football team.  The stadium is described and referenced numerous times in the book Playing for Pizza by John Grisham.

The stadium was demolished in July 2008 because the area was chosen for the headquarters of the European Food Safety Authority. Since then, the teams play their home games at the Stadio XXV Aprile.

In January 2015, Stadio XXV Aprile was renamed as the Stadio Sergio Lanfranchi.

Parma Panthers
The Parma Panthers are an American football team based in Parma, Italy that competes in the Italian Football League. The team was founded in 1981 by Vic Dasaro, an American veterinary student attending university in Parma.

Dasaro created the team from an amalgam of power lifters from a local high school gym, ex-rugby players, other vet students, and a mixed bunch of soccer goalies, track and field athletes, and local kids who had seen football on the occasional TV broadcast and liked the helmet and shoulderpad look. The team is now built on longtime IFL veterans and young players from the Panthers' own youth teams, with still a healthy contingent of University of Parma students.

In 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2021 and 2023 the Panthers won the IFL championship by beating respectively Catania Elephants, Bergamo Lions, Catania Elephants, and Milano Seamen. In 2021 they won their fifth title.
Great Salinity Anomaly
The Great Salinity Anomaly (GSA) originally referred to an event in the late 1960s to early 1970s where a large influx of freshwater from the Arctic Ocean led to a salinity anomaly in the northern North Atlantic Ocean, which affected the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation.  Since then, the term "Great Salinity Anomaly" has been applied to successive occurrences of the same phenomenon, including the Great Salinity Anomaly of the 1980s and the Great Salinity Anomaly of the 1990s. The Great Salinity Anomalies were advective events, propagating to different sea basins and areas of the North Atlantic, and is on the decadal-scale for the anomalies in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s.

Fram Strait
The Fram Strait is the passage between Greenland and Svalbard, located roughly between 77°N and 81°N latitudes and
centered on the prime meridian. The Greenland and Norwegian Seas lie south of Fram Strait, while the Nansen Basin of the Arctic Ocean lies to the north.  Fram Strait is noted for being the only deep connection between the Arctic Ocean and the World Oceans.   The dominant oceanographic features of the region are the West Spitsbergen Current on the east side of the strait and the East Greenland Current on the west.
The Missouri Traveler
The Missouri Traveler is a 1958 American coming-of-age period piece drama film directed by Jerry Hopper starring Brandon deWilde and Lee Marvin. It is based on the novel of the same name by John Burress. The cinematography was by Technicolor developer Winton C. Hoch with harmonica and banjo score by Jack Marshall of The Munsters fame. The feature was distributed by the Buena Vista Corporation subsidiary of Walt Disney Productions, but the film did not carry the "Disney" trademark.

It is the second of only 3 films produced by Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney's C. V. Whitney Pictures; the first being The Searchers in 1956 with John Wayne and directed by John Ford, the last being The Young Land in 1959 with Patrick Wayne and Dennis Hopper.

Whitney married Mary Hosford (best-known later as socialite heiress Marylou Whitney), he gave a prominent part in this film, the same year it was released. The following year, in 1959,  deWilde's career would graduate to more adult themes in Blue Denim.

Blue Denim
Blue Denim is a 1959 American drama film directed by Philip Dunne, and starring Carol Lynley, Brandon deWilde, Warren Berlinger, Macdonald Carey, and Marsha Hunt. Adapted from the Broadway play by James Leo Herlihy and William Noble, it focuses on two teenagers, Arthur and Janet, who navigate their teenage pregnancy. Lynley and Berlinger, who starred in the original Broadway production, reprise their roles in the film.

Dealing with the issues of teenage pregnancy and then-illegal abortion, Blue Denim was met with some controversy at the time of its release. Due to production code mandates at the time, the film does not feature the term "abortion" in its screenplay, and also significantly alters the final act from the stage play.
100 Terraced Rice Fields of Japan
This list of the 100 Terraced Rice Fields of Japan (日本の棚田百選, Nihon no tanada hyakusen) is an initiative by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries to promote the maintenance and preservation of the terraces alongside public interest in agriculture and rural areas. In 1999, some 134 terraces were selected by a committee of academics from nominations by each prefecture, in 117 municipalities from Tōhoku to Kyūshū.

Municipalities of Japan
Municipalities are a level of administration in Japan. The country has three levels of governments: national, prefectural, and municipal.

The nation is divided into 47 prefectures (within these, one metropolis, one regional prefecture, and two urban prefectures). Each prefecture consists of numerous municipalities, with 1,718 in total as of October 2018.

There are four types of municipalities in Japan: cities (市, shi), towns (町, chō), villages (村, son) and special wards of Tokyo (区, ku). In Japanese, this system is known as shikuchōson (市区町村), where each kanji in the word represents one of the four types of municipalities. In Tokyo, because the wards are at the center, the system is officially referred to as kushichōson (区市町村), with the wards first, and cities second.

Some designated cities also have further administrative subdivisions, also known as wards, but, unlike the special wards of Tokyo, these wards are not municipalities.
WTFX-FM
WTFX-FM (93.1 MHz, "Real 93.1") is a commercial mainstream urban radio station licensed to Clarksville, Indiana, serving the Louisville metropolitan area. Owned by iHeartMedia, WTFX has studios located in Louisville, while the station transmitter resides in New Albany, Indiana.

Besides a standard analog transmission, WTFX-FM broadcasts over two HD Radio channels, and is available online via iHeartRadio.

IHeartRadio
iHeartRadio (often shortened to iHeart) is the flagship brand of iHeartMedia, an American mass media company. First used in August 2008 to market Clear Channel Communications' freemium radio and music streaming service, the umbrella brand was progressively broadened to encompass Clear Channel's national radio network and other consumer-facing ventures, culminating with Clear Channel itself rebranding as iHeartMedia in 2014. Its main radio competitors are Audacy, TuneIn and Sirius XM.
Membrane-bound transcription factor site-2 protease
Membrane-bound transcription factor site-2 protease, also known as S2P endopeptidase or site-2 protease (S2P), is an enzyme (EC 3.4.24.85) encoded by the MBTPS2 gene which liberates the N-terminal fragment of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) transcription factors from membranes. S2P cleaves the transmembrane domain of SREBP, making it a member of the class of intramembrane proteases.

S2P catalyses the following chemical reaction

Cleaves several transcription factors that are type-2 transmembrane proteins within membrane-spanning domains. Known substrates include sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1, SREBP-2 and forms of the transcriptional activator ATF6.

This enzyme belongs to the peptidase family M50.

Transmembrane domain
A transmembrane domain (TMD, TM domain) is a membrane-spanning protein domain.  TMDs may consist of one or several alpha-helices or a transmembrane beta barrel. Because the interior of the lipid bilayer is hydrophobic, the amino acid residues in TMDs are often hydrophobic, although proteins such as membrane pumps and ion channels can contain polar residues. TMDs vary greatly in size and hydrophobicity; they may adopt organelle-specific properties.
Linda Hazzard
Linda Laura Hazzard (née Burfield; December 18, 1867 – June 24, 1938), nicknamed the "Starvation Doctor", was an American quack, swindler, and convicted serial killer noted for her promotion of fasting, pummeling and hours-long enemas as treatments. In 1911, Hazzard was found guilty of manslaughter in the state of Washington and was sentenced to 2 to 20 years of hard labor for killing at least 15 people for financial gain at a sanitarium she operated on the Kitsap Peninsula in the early 20th century. She was released on parole after only serving two years and later, on the condition that she move to New Zealand, received a full pardon from Governor Ernest Lister in 1916. Hazzard died at 70 after subjecting herself to her treatment methods.

Enema
An enema, also known as a clyster, is the rectal administration of a fluid by injection into the lower bowel via the anus. The word enema can also refer to the liquid injected, as well as to a device for administering such an injection.

In standard medicine, the most frequent uses of enemas are to relieve constipation and for bowel cleansing before a medical examination or procedure; also, they are employed as a lower gastrointestinal series (also called a barium enema), to treat traveler's diarrhea, as a vehicle for the administration of food, water or medicine, as a stimulant to the general system, as a local application and, more rarely, as a means of reducing body temperature, as treatment for encopresis, and as a form of rehydration therapy (proctoclysis) in patients for whom intravenous therapy is not applicable.