hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arrondissements of the Loir-et-Cher department
The 3 arrondissements of the Loir-et-Cher department are:

Arrondissement of Blois, (prefecture of the Loir-et-Cher department: Blois) with 93 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 151,096 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Romorantin-Lanthenay, (subprefecture: Romorantin-Lanthenay) with 74 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 110,000 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Vendôme, (subprefecture: Vendôme) with 100 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 67,408 in 2021.

Prefectures in France
In France, a prefecture (French: préfecture, pronounced [pʁefɛktyʁ] ⓘ) may be:

the chef-lieu de département, the commune in which the administration of a department is located;

the chef-lieu de région, the commune in which the administration of a region is located;

the jurisdiction of a prefecture;

the official residence or headquarters of a prefect.

Although the administration of departments and regions is distinct, a regional prefect is ex officio prefect of the department in which the regional prefecture is located. The officeholder has authority upon the other prefects in the region on a range of matters.
Municipalities of South Africa
Local government in South Africa consists of municipalities (Tswana: bommasepala; Sotho: bomasepala; Northern Sotho: bommasepala; Afrikaans: munisipaliteite; Zulu: ngomasipala; Southern Ndebele: bomasipala; Xhosa: ngoomasipala; Swazi: bomasipala; Venda: vhomasipala; Tsonga: vamasipala) of various types. The largest metropolitan areas are governed by metropolitan municipalities, while the rest of the country is divided into counties called district municipalities, each of which consists of several boroughs called local municipalities. Since the boundary reform at the time of the municipal election of 3 August 2016 there are eight metropolitan municipalities, 44 district municipalities and 205 local municipalities.

Tsonga language
Tsonga (/ˈ(t)sɒŋɡə/ ⓘ (T)SONG-gə) or Xitsonga (/ʃiˈtsɒŋ.ɡə/ shee-TSONG-gə) as an endonym (also known as Changana in Mozambique), is a Bantu language spoken by the Tsonga people of South Africa and Mozambique. It is mutually intelligible with Tswa and Ronga and the name "Tsonga" is often used as a cover term for all three, also sometimes referred to as Tswa-Ronga. The Xitsonga language has been standardised as a written language.

Tsonga is an official language of the Republic of South Africa, and under the name Shangani it is recognised as an official language in the Constitution of Zimbabwe. All Tswa-Ronga languages are recognised in Mozambique. It is not official in Eswatini (formerly known as Swaziland).
Kořínek
Kořínek (Czech feminine: Kořínková) is a Czech surname meaning "small root". Notable people include:

Aleš Kořínek (born 1983), Czech footballer

Ivana Kořínková (born 1950), Czech basketball player

Karl Korinek (1940–2017), Austrian scholar

Květoslava Kořínková (1940–2026), Czech politician

Radim Kořínek (born 1973), Czech cyclist

Valerie Korinek (born 1965), Canadian historian

Radim Kořínek
Radim Kořínek (born 1 December 1973) is a Czech former competitive cyclist. He was born in Olomouc. He took part in two Olympics: the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney, as well as the 2004 Olympics in Athens.

He was in Olpran racing team and then he went to Česká spořitelna MTB team in which he had most of his achievements. Other hobbies include hockey, tennis, and skiing. His nickname is Rades. His coach was Karel Martínek. After ending his competitive career, he founded his own bike shop and is still around cycling.
7–2–2 defense
The 7–2–2 defense or seven-box defense, used seven "down linemen", or players on the line of scrimmage at the time of the snap, two linebackers, and two safeties. Amos Alonzo Stagg invented the seven-box defense in 1890 at Springfield College. At that time, most teams were using a nine-man line on defense, and there were only three downs and no forward passes. The 7–2–2 was the base defense used by Knute Rockne at Notre Dame, as well as Mike Donahue at Auburn. Into the late 1930s, the 7–2–2 was still commonly employed inside the defender's thirty-yard line. It was considered "very strong against a running attack, but rather weak defensively against passes." The 7–2–2 was also employed when the opponent was expected to punt.

Springfield College
Springfield College is a private university in Springfield, Massachusetts, United States. The institution's mission, called the Humanics philosophy, calls for educating students in spirit, mind, and body for leadership in service to others. It is also notable for its historical significance as the birthplace of basketball, which was invented on campus in 1891 by Canadian-American instructor and graduate student James Naismith.
Upali Rajakaruna
Upali Rajakaruna (born January 6, 1975) is a Sri Lankan wheelchair tennis player and a winner of 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2012 Sri Lankan Open Main Draw. He was also a winner of the 2010 and 2011 SSCG Open Main Draw.

Sinhalese Sports Club Cricket Ground
The Sinhalese Sports Club Cricket Ground (SSC Cricket Ground) (Sinhala: සිංහල ක්‍රිඩා සමාජ ක්‍රීඩාංගනය; Tamil: சிங்களவர் விளையாட்டுக் கழக அரங்கம்) is one of the most famous cricket grounds in Sri Lanka, and the headquarters of Sri Lanka Cricket, the controlling body of cricket in Sri Lanka. The ground is sometimes described as "the Lord's of Sri Lanka", It hosts the most domestic finals and is an important international cricket venue. The ground staged its first Test in 1984 against New Zealand and its first One Day International in 1982 against England. The Sri Lankan team has an impressive record here. Out of 38 Tests played at the SSC as of January 2015, Sri Lanka has won 18 matches, and drawn 14, with only 6 losses.
Equestrian statue of David McMurtrie Gregg
Major General David McMurtrie Gregg is a monumental statue located in Reading, Pennsylvania, United States. The monument was designed by Henry Augustus Lukeman and consists of an equestrian statue depicting David McMurtrie Gregg, a military officer who had served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The monument was dedicated in 1922, several years after Gregg's death in Reading in 1916.

Monument
A monument is a type of structure created to commemorate a person or event, or which has become relevant to a social group as a part of their remembrance of historic times or cultural heritage, due to its artistic, historical, political, technical or architectural importance.  Examples of monuments include statues, (war) memorials, historical buildings, and cultural assets. If there is a public interest in its preservation, a monument can for example be listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Kamana Bista
Kamana Bista (born 1 January 2000) is a Nepalese professional volleyball player. She is a member of the Nepal Women's Volleybal team. She made her debut in the national team during the AVC Asian Central Zone Women’s and Men’s Volleyball Championship in Bangladesh. She also plays for the Nepal Police Club in domestic matches.

She played in the Maldives Volleyball Association Cup 2022, where she represented Maldives Service Club (Police). She played for Lalitpur Queens in the inaugural season of the Everest Women's Volleyball League.

Everest Women's Volleyball League
Everest Women's Volleyball League (EWVL) is a professional women's indoor volleyball franchise league in Nepal. The inaugural season took place in September 2024. EWVL is the first women's club volleyball league held in South Asia.
No. 34 Squadron (Finland)
No. 34 Squadron (Finnish: Lentolaivue 34 or Le.Lv.34), renamed No. 34 Fighter Squadron (Finnish: Hävittäjälentolaivue 34 or HLe.Lv.34 on 14 February 1944) was a fighter squadron of the Finnish Air Force during World War II. The squadron was part of Flying Regiment 3.

The pilots of the No. 34 Squadron achieved 345 confirmed kills, all with Bf 109Gs. The unit lost 30 aircraft (13 in air combat, 5 to anti-aircraft fire, 7 in accidents and 5 due to technical faults). 12 pilots were listed as dead or missing, one was captured. Three pilots of the No. 34 Squadron was awarded the Mannerheim Cross.

On 4 December 1944 No. 34 Squadron was redesignated No. 33 Squadron when the Finnish Air Force demobilized after the end of the Continuation War.

Mannerheim Cross
The Mannerheim Cross (Finnish: Mannerheim-risti, Swedish: Mannerheimkorset), officially Mannerheim Cross of the Cross of Liberty (Finnish: Vapaudenristin Mannerheim-risti, Swedish: Frihetskorsets Mannerheimkors) is the most distinguished Finnish military honour. A total of 191 people received the cross between 22 July 1941 and 7 May 1945, with six of the recipients receiving a cross twice. Available in two classes, the 1st class medal has only been awarded twice, with both recipients also having received the medal in the 2nd class. Although still active de jure, no crosses have been awarded since 1945. Tuomas Gerdt, the last living Knight of the Mannerheim Cross, died on 1 November 2020.
Île d'Ogoz
The Île d'Ogoz (French pronunciation: [il dɔɡo]; Arpitan: Ila d’Ôgo) is an island in the Lake of Gruyère, located in the canton of Fribourg. It has a length of 130 metres and a width of about 70 metres. Its highest point is 688 metres above sea level or 11 metres above lake level (677 m). The distance from the shore is 160 metres. On the island are a ruined castle and a church.

Before the completion of the Rossens Dam in 1948, it was a promontory overlooking the valley of the Saane/Sarine. It then became an island after the valley was flooded. When the level of the lake is at its lowest, the island becomes a 500-metre-long peninsula accessible to pedestrians.

Politically the island belongs to the municipality of Pont-en-Ogoz in the district of Gruyère.

Gruyère District
Gruyère (French: District de la Gruyère [distʁi(kt) d(ə) la ɡʁɥijɛʁ]; Arpitan: District de la Gruviére [diʃˈtʁi də la ɡʁəˈviʁ] ⓘ) is one of seven districts of the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It has a population of 57,619 (as of 31 December 2020).  Its capital is Bulle.
Jean-Pierre Soucy
Jean-Pierre Soucy (born December 20, 1952) is an educator, civil servant and former politician in Quebec. He represented Portneuf in the Quebec National Assembly from 2003 to 2007 as a Liberal.

He was born in Quebec City, the son of André Soucy and Gérardine Côté, and was educated at the Université Laval, the Université du Québec à Montréal and the Université de Sherbrooke. He taught English and Physical Education at Sainte-Catherine-de-la-Jacques-Cartier. Soucy was director general for Fossambault-sur-le-Lac from 1995 to 1999 and for the Regional Municipality of Portneuf from 2000 to 2003. He was mayor of Shannon from 1989 to 1995 and prefect for Jacques-Cartier from 1993 to 1995. In 2007, he became director general for the Portneuf school board.

Quebec Liberal Party
The Quebec Liberal Party (QLP; French: Parti libéral du Québec [paʁti libeʁal dy kebɛk], PLQ) is a provincial political party in Quebec. It has been independent of the federal Liberal Party of Canada since 1955.

The QLP has traditionally supported a form of Quebec federalist ideology with nuanced Canadian nationalist tones that supports Quebec remaining within the Canadian federation, while also supporting reforms that would allow substantial autonomism in Quebec. In the context of federal Canadian politics, it is a more centrist party when compared to Conservative and Liberal parties in other provinces, such as the former British Columbia Liberal Party.
The Mandé Variations
The Mandé Variations is a 2008 studio album by Toumani Diabaté, produced by Nick Gold for World Circuit. Unlike many of his recordings which feature large ensembles, it consists of solo Kora throughout. The influences range from traditional Kora pieces to modern Western music.

The album was released in the United Kingdom on 25 February 2008 by World Circuit, and in the United States on 26 February 2008 by Nonesuch Records.

Nonesuch Records
Nonesuch Records is an American record company and label owned by Warner Music Group, distributed by Warner Records (formerly Warner Bros. Records), and based in New York City. Founded by Jac Holzman in 1964 as a budget classical label, Nonesuch has developed into a label that records a wide range of music genres. Robert Hurwitz was president of the company from 1984 to 2017.
Catecholaldehyde hypothesis
The catecholaldehyde hypothesis is a scientific theory positing that neurotoxic aldehyde metabolites of the catecholamine neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine are responsible for neurodegenerative diseases involving loss of catecholaminergic neurons, for instance Parkinson's disease. The specific metabolites thought to be involved include 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde (DOPEGAL), which are formed from dopamine and norepinephrine by monoamine oxidase, respectively. These metabolites are subsequently inactivated and detoxified by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). DOPAL and DOPEGAL are monoaminergic neurotoxins in preclinical models and inhibition of and polymorphisms in ALDH are associated with Parkinson's disease. The catecholaldehyde hypothesis additionally posits that DOPAL oligomerizes with α-synuclein resulting in accumulation of oligomerized α-synuclein (i.e., synucleinopathy) and that this contributes to cytotoxicity.

Cytotoxicity
Cytotoxicity refers to the capacity of a substance or agent to cause damage or death to living cells, reflecting a critical parameter in pharmacology, toxicology, and biomedicine. It is distinct from cytostatic effects, which inhibit cell growth and proliferation without causing cell death. Cytotoxic agents can induce a range of cellular responses, including inhibition of cell growth, induction of apoptotic or necrotic cell death, and disruption of metabolic or structural cellular integrity. Assessing cytotoxicity is fundamental for evaluating the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical compounds, chemicals, and biomaterials, as it helps predict potential adverse effects and guides therapeutic development.

Various assays—based on enzyme activity, membrane permeability, metabolic activity, or cell proliferation—are routinely employed to characterize and quantify cytotoxic effects in vitro, providing essential insights into cell viability and the mechanisms underlying toxic responses.
Frank Jordan (American football)
Francis Lagoria Jordan (December 5, 1897 – September 1980) was an American football player.  A native of Minneapolis, he played college football for Bucknell and Villanova and professional football in the National Football League (NFL) as a back for the Rock Island Independents in 1920 and for the Milwaukee Badgers in 1923. He appeared in four NFL games, one as a starter.

Jordan and his wife, Jane, had two daughters (Jane and Marionne). He died in 1980 in Tucson, Arizona, at age 82.

Rock Island Independents
The Rock Island Independents were a professional American football team, based in Rock Island, Illinois, from 1907 to 1926. The Independents were a founding National Football League franchise. They hosted what has been retrospectively designated the first National Football League game on September 26, 1920, at Douglas Park. The Independents were founded in 1907 by Demetrius Clements as an independent football club. Hence, the team was named the "Independents."

In 1926, the Independents left the NFL to become a charter member of the first American Football League, the only NFL team to do so. The Independents then folded along with the entire league in 1927.

Pro Football Hall of Fame alumni Jimmy Conzelman (1920–1921), Joe Guyon (1924), Ed Healey (1920–1922), Duke Slater (1922–1926), and Jim Thorpe (1924–1925) played for the Independents.

A second, unrelated, "Rock Island Independents" played at the Northwest Football League in 1936.
Battle of Calebee Creek
32°24′19.15″N 85°42′17.54″W﻿ / ﻿32.4053194°N 85.7048722°W﻿ / 32.4053194; -85.7048722

The Battle of Calebee Creek (also spelled Calabee, Callabee, or in the official report at the time, "Chalibee": 95 ) took place on January 27, 1814, during the Creek War, in Macon County, Alabama, 50 miles (80 km) west of Fort Mitchell. General Floyd, with 1,200 Georgia volunteers, a company of cavalry and 400 friendly Yuchi, repulsed a night attack of the Red Sticks on his camp. Floyd lost so many in this hostile country that he immediately withdrew to the Chattahoochee River. Also referred to as the Battle for Camp Defiance.

Chattahoochee River
The Chattahoochee River (/ˌtʃætəˈhuːtʃi/) is a river in the Southeastern United States. It forms the southern half of the Alabama and Georgia border, as well as a portion of the Florida and Georgia border. It is a tributary of the Apalachicola River, a relatively short river formed by the confluence of the Chattahoochee and Flint rivers and emptying from Florida into Apalachicola Bay in the Gulf of Mexico. The Chattahoochee River is about 430 miles (690 km) long. The Chattahoochee, Flint, and Apalachicola rivers together make up the Apalachicola–Chattahoochee–Flint River Basin (ACF River Basin). The Chattahoochee makes up the largest part of the ACF's drainage basin.
Morane-Saulnier MS.300
The Morane-Saulnier MS.300 and MS.301 were French parasol wing introductory trainer aircraft, first flown in 1930. They differed only in engine type. Neither reached production but were developed into two similar trainers, the MS.230 and MS.315, which were made in large numbers.

Lorraine 5P
The Lorraine 5P, also called the Lorraine 100CV, Lorraine 110CV and Lorraine 120CV, was a family of five-cylinder air-cooled radial engines designed and built in France by Lorraine-Dietrich during the 1920s and 1930s. Nominal engine powers were given as 100–110–120 hp (75–82–89 kW) at 1250 / 1400 / 1350 rpm (maximum continuous power), with maximum outputs of 108–125–150 hp (81–93–112 kW)  at 1350 / 1650 / 1700 rpm.
Shafter, Missouri
Shafter is an unincorporated community in northwest Linn County, in the central region of the U.S. state of Missouri. It was named after General William Rufus Shafter, a Union Army general during the American Civil War.  The town has a population of approximately 500 residents. The community is on Missouri Route DD one mile east of Missouri Route 139. Parson Creek flows past the west side of the community.

Missouri Route 139
Route 139 is a highway in northern and central Missouri.  Its northern terminus is at the Iowa state line where it continues as Wayne County Route S40; its southern terminus is at U.S. Route 24 east of Carrollton.
Ian Wishart (politician)
Ian Robert Wishart (born c. 1954) is a Canadian politician and member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, who represented the electoral district of Portage la Prairie as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba until 2023. He was first elected in the 2011 provincial election, and re-elected in 2016 and 2019.

On May 3, 2016 Wishart was appointed to the Executive Council of Manitoba as Minister of Education and Training. He was shuffled out of cabinet on August 1, 2018, and appointed the Legislative Assistant to the Minister of Education and Training, tasked with coordinating a thorough review of the kindergarten to grade 12 education system in Manitoba.

Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba
The Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba (PC; French: Parti progressiste-conservateur du Manitoba) is a centre-right political party in Manitoba, Canada. It is currently the opposition party in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, following a defeat in the 2023 provincial election.
Selver x TalTech
Selver x TalTech (previously TalTech Volleyball) is the volleyball club of Tallinn University of Technology based in Tallinn, Estonia. The team competes in the Baltic Volleyball League and the Estonian Volleyball League.

The team plays its home games at TalTech Sports Hall.

TalTech Sports Hall
The TalTech Sports Hall (Estonian: TalTech Spordihoone) is a multi-purpose indoor arena complex in Mustamäe, Tallinn. It was opened in 1975 and renovated in 2001. It is the current home arena of the  TalTech Basketball team.
Negash Ali
Negash Ali is an Eritrean artist signed to Warner Chappell Music. Negash have released 3 albums (Majors, Asmarino, GettoPOP) and have worked with names such as Chris Brown, Bob Sinclar, Manu Dibango and many more.

Bob Sinclar
Christophe Le Friant (French: [kʁistɔf lə fʁijɑ̃]; born 10 May 1969), better known by his stage name Bob Sinclar (French: [bɔb sɛ̃klaʁ]), is a French record producer, DJ, and remixer. He is the owner of the record label Yellow Productions.
Pikárec
Pikárec is a municipality and village in Žďár nad Sázavou District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

Pikárec is about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Žďár nad Sázavou, 39 km (24 mi) east of Jihlava, and 142 km (88 mi) southeast of Prague.

Žďár nad Sázavou
Žďár nad Sázavou (Czech pronunciation: [ˈʒɟaːr ˈnat saːzavou]; German: Saar) is a town in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 20,000 inhabitants. The town is an industrial and tourist centre. It is known for the Pilgrimage Church of Saint John of Nepomuk, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Joe Nelson (basketball)
Joseph Arthur Nelson (March 16, 1927 – July 20, 2009) was an American basketball player. He was an All-American college player at Brigham Young University (BYU).

Nelson came to BYU from Spanish Fork, Utah, after he had spent 16 months in the military during World War II. Nelson competed for BYU in basketball and track, and in his sophomore season of 1947–48, Nelson set the Skyline Conference single-game scoring record with a 37-point outing against Denver. For his career, Nelson was a three-time all-conference pick and led the league in scoring in 1948 and 1949. He was named an All-American by the Helms Athletic Foundation in 1948.

Following his college career, Nelson was drafted by the Rochester Royals in the 1950 NBA draft and played in the National Professional Basketball League for the Saint Paul Saints and Waterloo Hawks. After the 1950–51 season, Nelson quit basketball for a business career. He died on July 20, 2009.

Denver Pioneers men's basketball
The Denver Pioneers men's basketball team represents the University of Denver and competes in the NCAA Division I men's college basketball in Denver, Colorado. They are led by head coach Tim Bergstraser and are members of the Summit League. Since late in the 2019–20 seasons they have played all their home games at Hamilton Gymnasium having formerly played most of their games at the newer but larger Magness Arena.

The Pioneers are one of 35 eligible Division I programs to have never appeared in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament.
Ivan Marazov
Ivan Rousev Marazov (Bulgarian: Иван Русев Маразов) born 15 March 1942 in Pirne, near Aytos, is a Bulgarian artist, culturologist, thracologist and politician.

In 1996, Marazov was a candidate to become President of Bulgaria for the Bulgarian Socialist Party (with Irina Bokova as the vice-presidential candidate) and finished in second place.

1996 Bulgarian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Bulgaria on 27 October 1996, with a second round on 3 November. A presidential primary was held earlier in 1996, which resulted in Petar Stoyanov of the United Democratic Forces being selected as the candidate of the three largest opposition parties. He won with 59.7% of the vote in the second round. Voter turnout was 63.3% in the first round and 61.8% in the second.