hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lafayette Washington Goodell
Lafayette Washington Goodell (October 31, 1851–June 25, 1920) was a horticulturalist, florist and founder of Pansy Park, the former  aquatic and flower gardens and seed business in Western Massachusetts.

Born in North Belchertown a decade before the American Civil War, he was likely named for General Lafayette, the French-born American Revolutionary War hero who passed in the vicinity of the family's home during his celebrated Farewell Tour in the summer of 1825. Lafayette's father was a teenager at the time.

Western Massachusetts
42°20′N 72°50′W﻿ / ﻿42.333°N 72.833°W﻿ / 42.333; -72.833

Western Massachusetts, known colloquially as "Western Mass," is a region in Massachusetts, one of the six U.S. states that make up the New England region of the United States. Western Massachusetts has diverse topography; 22 colleges and universities including UMass in Amherst, MA, with approximately 100,000 students; and such institutions as Tanglewood, the Springfield Armory, and Jacob's Pillow.

The western part of western Massachusetts includes the Berkshire Mountains, where there are several vacation resorts. The eastern part of the region includes the Connecticut River Valley, which has a number of university towns, the major city Springfield, and numerous agricultural hamlets. In the eastern part of the area, the Quabbin region is a place of outdoor recreation.
Paprika Žitava
Paprika Žitava  or Žitavská paprika is a protected designation of origin, indicating a specific production of red paprika made by grinding dried spice pepper fruits that are harvested in the area of Podunajská nížina (in the Danubian Lowland). This was the first food product to earn a PDO designation from the Slovak Republic, in 2014.

Little Hungarian Plain
The Little Hungarian Plain or Little Alföld (Hungarian: Kisalföld [ˈkiʃɒlføld], Slovak: Malá dunajská kotlina, German: Kleine Ungarische Tiefebene) is a plain (tectonic basin) of approximately 8,000 km² in northwestern Hungary, south-western Slovakia (Podunajská nížina – Danubian Lowland), and eastern Austria. It is a part of the Pannonian plain which covers most parts of Hungary.
Ernesto Alarcón Trujillo
Ernesto Alarcón Trujillo (born 11 March 1956) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). 
In the 2003 mid-terms he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the ninth district of Veracruz during the 59th Congress. He was previously the municipal president of Atzalán from 1995 to 1997.

LIX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LIX Legislature (59th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 2003 to August 2006. All members of the lower house (Chamber of Deputies) were elected in the elections of July 2003 while members of the upper house (Senate) were elected in the elections of July 2000.
Yitzchak Blau
Yitzchak Blau (Hebrew: יצחק בלאו) is an American–Israeli Modern Orthodox rabbi and rosh yeshiva of Yeshivat Orayta in the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem. He is a contributor to and associate editor of Tradition, an Orthodox Jewish peer-reviewed academic journal. He also teaches at Midreshet Lindenbaum in Jerusalem. Blau is the son of Rabbi Yosef Blau, senior mashgiach ruchani at Yeshiva University, and grandson of Rabbi Mordechai Pinchas Teitz.

Modern Orthodox Judaism
Modern Orthodox Judaism (also Modern Orthodox or Modern Orthodoxy) is a movement within Orthodox Judaism that attempts to synthesize Jewish values and the observance of Jewish law with the modern world.

Modern Orthodoxy draws on several teachings and philosophies, and thus assumes various forms. In the United States, and generally in the Western world, Centrist Orthodoxy underpinned by the philosophy of Torah Umadda ("Torah and secular knowledge") is prevalent. In Israel, Modern Orthodoxy is dominated by Religious Zionism; however, although not identical, these movements share many of the same values and many of the same adherents.
Trimmed estimator
In statistics, a trimmed estimator is an estimator derived from another estimator by excluding some of the extreme values, a process called truncation. This is generally done to obtain a more robust statistic, and the extreme values are considered outliers. Trimmed estimators also often have higher efficiency for mixture distributions, and heavy-tailed distributions than the corresponding untrimmed estimator, at the cost of lower efficiency for other distributions, such as the normal distribution.

Given an estimator, the x% trimmed version is obtained by discarding the x% lowest or highest observations or on both end: it is a statistic on the middle of the data. For instance, the 5% trimmed mean is obtained by taking the mean of the 5% to 95% range. In some cases a trimmed estimator discards a fixed number of points (such as maximum and minimum) instead of a percentage.

Efficiency (statistics)
In statistics, efficiency is a measure of quality of an estimator, of an experimental design, or of a hypothesis testing procedure.  Essentially, a more efficient estimator needs fewer input data or observations than a less efficient one to achieve the Cramér–Rao bound. 
An efficient estimator is characterized by having the smallest possible variance, indicating that there is a small deviance between the estimated value and the "true" value in the L2 norm sense.

The relative efficiency of two procedures is the ratio of their efficiencies, although often this concept is used where the comparison is made between a given procedure and a notional "best possible" procedure. The efficiencies and the relative efficiency of two procedures theoretically depend on the sample size available for the given procedure, but it is often possible to use the asymptotic relative efficiency (defined as the limit of the relative efficiencies as the sample size grows) as the principal comparison measure.
Juditten
Juditten refers to:

Juditten, the German name of Mendeleyevo, Kaliningrad, Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia
Juditten Church, the oldest church of Sambia

Juditten, the German name of Judyty, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland

Judittenhof, the German name of Judyty, Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland

Judyty, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Judyty [juˈdɨtɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sępopol, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.
Sephardic Bikur Holim Congregation
Sephardic Bikur Holim Congregation (SBH) is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue in the Seward Park neighborhood of Seattle, in the US state of Washington, that practices in the Sephardic tradition.

Tekirdağ
Tekirdağ (pronounced [teˈciɾdaː]) is a city in northwestern Turkey. It is located on the north coast of the Sea of Marmara, in the region of East Thrace. The city forms the urban part of the Süleymanpaşa district, with a population of 186,421 in 2022.

Tekirdağ is a commercial centre with a harbour for agricultural products (the harbour is being expanded to accommodate a new rail link to the main freight line through Thrace). It is also home to Martas and the BOTAŞ Terminal, both of them important for trade activities in the Marmara Region. The town's best known product remains Tekirdağ rakı although it is also known for its cherries, celebrated with a festival every June.

The proximity of the Greek and Bulgarian borders means that there are honorary consulates for both countries in Tekirdağ.

Ferries from Tekirdağ sail to the nearby Marmara Islands during the summer.

The nearest airport is Tekirdağ Çorlu Airport (TEQ) although there are many more flights to Istanbul Airport (IST).
Phase-jitter modulation
Phase-jitter modulation (PJM) is a modulation method specifically designed to meet the unique requirements of passive RFID tags. It has been adopted by the high-frequency RFID Air Interface Standard ISO/IEC 18000-3 MODE 2 for high-speed bulk conveyor-fed item-level identification because of its demonstrably higher data rates. The MODE 2 PJM data rate is 423,75 kbit/s; 16 times faster than the alternative MODE 1 system ISO/IEC 18000-3 MODE 1 and the legacy HF system ISO/IEC 15693.

ISO/IEC 15693
ISO/IEC 15693, is an ISO/IEC standard for vicinity cards, i.e. cards which can be read from a greater distance as compared with proximity cards. Such cards can normally be read out by a reader without being powered themselves, as the reader will supply the necessary power to the card over the air (wireless).

ISO/IEC 15693 systems operate at the 13.56 MHz frequency, and offer maximum read distance of 1–1.5 meters. As the vicinity cards have to operate at a greater distance, the necessary magnetic field is less (0.15 to 5 A/m) than that for a proximity card (1.5 to 7.5 A/m). ISO/IEC 15693 is called contactless long-range standard with a lower RF speed compared to some other RFID standard such as ISO/IEC 14443.
Sports in Minnesota
United States portal

Sports in Minnesota include professional teams in all major sports, Olympic Games contenders and medalists, especially in the Winter Olympics, collegiate teams in major and small-school conferences and associations and active amateur teams and individual sports. The State of Minnesota has a team in all five major professional leagues (Major League Baseball, National Football League, National Basketball Association, National Hockey League and Major League Soccer). Along with professional sports, there are numerous collegiate teams including the University of Minnesota Golden Gophers and St. Thomas Tommies in NCAA Division I, as well as many others across the Minnesota public and private colleges and universities.

2006 Women's Bandy World Championship
The Bandy World Championship for women 2006, the second bandy world championship tournament for women, was held in Roseville, Minnesota in the United States on February 13–18, 2006. The event was hosted by the American Bandy Association in Roseville, Minnesota. In the final, Sweden defeated Russia 3-1. It also marked the Canadian women's national bandy team's first international appearance.
Vaudreuil-sur-le-Lac
Vaudreuil-sur-le-Lac (French pronunciation: [vodʁœj syʁ lə lak], lit. 'Vaudreuil on the Lake') is a village municipality in Vaudreuil-Soulanges Regional County Municipality in the Montérégie region of Quebec, Canada. It is located on the western portion of the Vaudreuil Peninsula, which projects into Lake of Two Mountains. The population as of the Canada 2016 Census was 1,341.

Vaudreuil-sur-le-Lac is predominantly residential (90%), and only 10% industrial and commercial. The Club Nautique des Deux-Montagnes attracts many sailing enthusiasts.

Vaudreuil-Soulanges Regional County Municipality
Vaudreuil-Soulanges (French pronunciation: [vodʁœj sulɑ̃ʒ]) is a regional county municipality in Quebec, Canada. It is located on a triangular peninsula in the western Montérégie region of Quebec, formed by the confluence of the Ottawa River to the north, and the St. Lawrence River to the south. Ontario is located west of here.
Miss Grand Portugal
Miss Grand Portugal is the national beauty pageant title awarded to Portuguese representatives who are selected to participate in the Miss Grand International competition. The title was first established in 2013, marking the beginning of Portugal’s involvement in the Miss Grand contest.

From 2013 to 2024, the franchise license was held by the Miss República Portuguesa organization, directed by Isidro de Brito. In 2025, the license was transferred to another national pageant institution, the Concurso Nacional de Beleza Portugal (CNB Portugal).

Since its debut in 2013, Portugal has not won the Miss Grand International title. The country’s highest placement was achieved in 2016, when Ana Bomfim advanced to the Top 20 finalists.

Miss Grand International 2016
Miss Grand International 2016 was the fourth Miss Grand International pageant, held at the Westgate International Theater in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, on October 25, 2016 the first time the contest was held outside Thailand. Candidates from seventy-four countries and territories competed for the title. At the end of the event Claire Elizabeth Parker, Miss Grand International 2015 of Australia crowned Ariska Putri Pertiwi of Indonesia as her successor, making her the first Asian candidate to win the title. Meanwhile, the first to fourth vice-miss titles was awarded to the representatives of the Philippines, Thailand, Puerto Rico, and the United States, respectively.

The pageant's grand final was hosted by an American television personality, Brian J. White, and was broadcast to audiences worldwide via the pageant YouTube channel and the official Facebook page.
Vusi Pikoli
Vusumzi "Vusi" Pikoli (born 29 March 1958 in Port Elizabeth) is a South African advocate and the former head of South Africa's National Prosecuting Authority. He is noted for instigating criminal charges against disgraced South African police commissioner Jackie Selebi and ANC president Jacob Zuma. In 2008 he was suspended from his duties by President Thabo Mbeki, a close confidant of Selebi, and then subsequently fired by Mbeki's successor, Kgalema Motlanthe, who is an ally of Zuma. As such, opposition parties and sections of the press have claimed Pikoli is the victim of two separate political conspiracies. In October 2014 Pikoli was appointed as the Western Cape's first police ombudsman by Premier Helen Zille, whose choice was unanimously backed by the provincial legislature's standing committee on community safety.

Advocate
An advocate is a professional in the field of law. Different countries and legal systems use the term with somewhat differing meanings. The broad equivalent in many English law–based jurisdictions could be a barrister or a solicitor. However, in Scottish, Manx, South African, Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Scandinavian, Polish, Israeli, South Asian and South American jurisdictions, "advocate" indicates a lawyer of superior classification.

"Advocate" is in some languages an honorific for lawyers, such as "Adv. Sir Alberico Gentili". "Advocate" also has the everyday meaning of speaking out to help someone else, such as patient advocacy or the support expected from an elected politician; this article does not cover those senses.
Peanut Butter Wolf Presents Stones Throw: Ten Years
Peanut Butter Wolf Presents Stones Throw: Ten Years is a compilation album released by Stones Throw Records. The album celebrates the founding of Stones Throw ten years earlier. Many songs were taken from past Stones Throw releases to demonstrate growth over the 10-year period, however, there are also unreleased tracks found on this album. On January 23, 2007, this album has been re-issued as a 2/CD featuring the 2nd disc as a mix CD by J-Rocc of the Beat Junkies.

M.E.D. (rapper)
Nick Rodriguez, better known by his stage name M.E.D. (sometimes stylized as MED), is an American rapper from Oxnard, California. He was formerly known as Medaphoar. He has been signed to Stones Throw Records.
Kudaikol
Kudaikol (Kazakh: Құдайкөл) is a salt lake in the Ekibastuz City Administration, Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan.

Kudaikol is one of the lakes in the area surrounding Ekibastuz. It is located 33 kilometers (21 mi) to the ENE of the city and 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) to the south of Kalkaman. Kudaikol village lies 4.5 kilometers (2.8 mi) to the northeast. The A17 Highway passes close to the western edge of the lake.

Salt lake
A salt lake or saline lake is a landlocked body of water that has a concentration of salts (typically sodium chloride) and other dissolved minerals significantly higher than most lakes (often defined as at least three grams of salt per liter). In some cases, salt lakes have a higher concentration of salt than sea water; such lakes can also be termed hypersaline lake, and may also be pink lakes on account of their color. An alkalic salt lake that has a high content of carbonate is sometimes termed a soda lake.

Salt lakes are classified according to salinity levels. The formation of these lakes is influenced by processes such as evaporation and deposition. Salt lakes face serious conservation challenges due to climate change, pollution and water diversion.
Chamber Orchestra of New York
Chamber Orchestra of New York is a professional orchestra founded as Chamber Orchestra of New York - Ottorino Respighi by the Italian composer and conductor Salvatore Di Vittorio. It was established on March 27, 2006, on the 250th anniversary of the birth of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, with its debut concert on October 11, 2007, at Carnegie Hall's Zankel Hall as part of the inaugural 2007/2008 Season.

Dolce & Gabbana
Dolce & Gabbana (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdoltʃe e ɡɡabˈbaːna]), also known by initials D&G, is an Italian fashion house founded in 1985 in Legnano by Italian designers Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana. The house specializes in ready-to-wear, handbags, accessories, cosmetics, and fragrances and licenses its name and branding to Luxottica for eyewear.
42nd British Academy Film Awards
The 42nd British Academy Film Awards, commonly known as the BAFTAs, took place on 19 March 1989 at the Grosvenor House Hotel in London.The awards were presented honouring the best national and foreign films of 1988. Presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts, accolades were handed out for the best feature-length film and documentaries of any nationality that were screened at British cinemas in 1988.

Jeremy Thomas' and Bernardo Bertolucci's The Last Emperor won the award for Best Film.

The ceremony was hosted by Anna Ford and David Dimbleby.

Anna Ford
Anna Ford (born 2 October 1943) is a British retired journalist, television presenter and newsreader. She first worked as a researcher, news reporter and later newsreader for Granada Television, ITN, and the BBC. Ford helped launch the British breakfast television broadcaster TV-am. She retired from broadcast news presenting in April 2006 and was a non-executive director of Sainsbury's until the end of 2012. Ford now lives in her home town of Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire.
Antiseptic
An antiseptic (Greek: ἀντί, romanized: anti, lit. 'against' and σηπτικός, sēptikos, 'putrefactive') is an antimicrobial substance or compound that is applied to living tissue to reduce the possibility of sepsis, infection, or putrefaction. Antiseptics are generally distinguished from antibiotics by the latter's ability to safely destroy bacteria within the body, and from disinfectants, which destroy microorganisms found on non-living objects.

Antibacterials include antiseptics that have the proven ability to act against bacteria. Microbicides which destroy virus particles are called viricides or antivirals. Antifungals, also known as antimycotics, are pharmaceutical fungicides used to treat and prevent mycosis (fungal infection).

Antiviral drug
Antiviral drugs are a class of medication used for treating viral infections. Most antivirals target specific viruses, while a broad-spectrum antiviral is effective against a wide range of viruses. Antiviral drugs are a class of antimicrobials, a larger group which also includes antibiotic (also termed antibacterial), antifungal and antiparasitic drugs, or antiviral drugs based on monoclonal antibodies. Most antivirals are considered relatively harmless to the host, and therefore can be used to treat infections. They should be distinguished from virucides, which are not medication but deactivate or destroy virus particles, either inside or outside the body. Natural virucides are produced by some plants such as eucalyptus and Australian tea trees.
Dragons of the Hourglass Mage
Dragons of the Hourglass Mage  is a fantasy novel by Margaret Weis and Tracy Hickman, based on the Dragonlance fictional campaign setting. It is the third installment in the Lost Chronicles trilogy, which occurs between the storyline of the individual books (Dragons of Autumn Twilight, Dragons of Winter Night, and Dragons of Spring Dawning) which compose the Chronicles trilogy.  The events of this novel entirely take place during the same time frame as the events described in Dragons of Spring Dawning.

Kitiara uth Matar
Kitiara Uth Matar is a fictional character appearing in the Dragonlance campaign setting created by Margaret Weis and Tracy Hickman. She is the daughter of a disgraced Solamnic Knight named Gregor Uth Matar and his first wife, Rosamun. She is also the half-sister of both Raistlin and Caramon Majere.
Bristol, South Dakota
Bristol is a city located in western Day County, South Dakota, United States. It lies in Section 25 of Bristol Township, on the main line of what is now the BNSF Railway alongside U.S. Route 12. The population was 288 at the 2020 census.`

Similar to many towns of the area and of the Midwest in general, Bristol came into being as a result of railroad expansion. The railroad, which first came through the area in the 1870s, identified the site which would become Bristol as Station #70. C.P. Prior, a district railroad surveyor and townsite agent, was given credit for naming Bristol in 1881. He named the town after Bristol, England.

U.S. Route 12 in South Dakota
U.S. Highway 12 (US 12) is a part of the United States Numbered Highway System that travels from Aberdeen, Washington, to Detroit, Michigan. In the state of South Dakota, US 12 extends from the North Dakota border east to the Minnesota border.
Bernard Chiarelli
Bernard Chiarelli (24 February 1934 – 17 November 2024) was a French footballer who played as midfielder. He was a member of the France side that finished third at the 1958 FIFA World Cup and won one cap, against Switzerland in 1958. Chiarelli died on 17 November 2024, at the age of 90.

French Football Federation
The French Football Federation (abbr. FFF and 3F; or Triple F; French: Fédération Française de Football, pronounced [fedeʁɑsjɔ̃ fʁɑ̃sɛːz də futbol]) is the governing body of football in France. It was formed in 1919 and is based in the capital, Paris. The FFF is a founding member of FIFA and is responsible for overseeing all aspects of the game of football in France, both professional and amateur. The French Football Federation is a founding member of UEFA and joined FIFA in 1907 after replacing the USFSA, who were founding members.
Daniel Gómez (hammer thrower)
Daniel Raúl Gómez (born 21 July 1957) is a retired Argentinian athlete who specialised in the hammer throw. He won multiple medals at regional level.

His personal best in the event is 64.66 metres set in Montevideo in 1977. His children Joaquín Gómez and Daniela Gómez are also hammer throwers.

Hammer throw
The hammer throw (Abbreviated as HT) is one of the four throwing events in regular outdoor track-and-field competitions, along with the discus throw, shot put and javelin.

The hammer used in this sport is not like any of the tools also called by that name. It consists of a metal ball attached by a steel wire to a grip. These three components are each separate and can move independently. Both the size and weight of the ball vary between men's and women's events. The men's hammer weighs 7.26 kilograms (16 lb) for college and professional meets; the women's hammer weighs 4 kilograms (8.8 lb).
Park Avenue Logger
Park Avenue Logger is a 1937 American lumberjack Western film directed by David Howard. The film is also known as Millionaire Playboy in the United Kingdom and Tall Timber (American reissue title). It is based on the short story of the same name by Bruce Hutchison that appeared in the 30 November 1935 issue of the Saturday Evening Post.

Lumberjack
Lumberjack is a mostly North American term for workers in the logging industry who perform the initial harvesting and transport of trees. The term usually refers to loggers in the era before 1945 in the United States, when trees were felled using hand tools and dragged by oxen to rivers.

The work was difficult, dangerous, intermittent, low-paying, and involved living in primitive conditions. However, the men built a traditional culture that celebrated strength, masculinity, confrontation with danger, and resistance to modernization.