hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada
The Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada (JRASC, French: Journal de la Société royale d'astronomie du Canada) is a trade magazine and scientific journal, distributed bimonthly to members of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. It primarily contains news reports, information about society activities, popular science articles about astronomy, and advice for amateur astronomers. A small fraction of its articles are peer-reviewed research papers.

JRASC was founded in 1907, with Clarence Chant as editor. It was preceded by the Transactions of the Astronomical and Physical Society of Toronto (1890–1901), the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada Selected Papers and Proceedings (1902–1903), and the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada Transactions (1904–1905).

The Astrophysics Data System contains issues older than one year back to the journal's foundation.

Trade magazine
A trade magazine, also called a business-to-business magazine, trade journal, or trade paper (colloquially or disparagingly a trade rag), is a magazine or newspaper whose target audience is people who work in a particular trade or industry. The collective term for this area of publishing is the trade press.
Yves Rocheleau
Yves Rocheleau (born 31 October 1944) was a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1993 to 2004. He is a consultant by career, including government work.

Born in Cap-de-la-Madeleine, Quebec, Rocheleau was elected in the Trois-Rivières electoral district under the Bloc Québécois party in the 1993, 1997 and 2000 elections, serving in the 35th, 36th and 37th Canadian Parliaments respectively.

In the 1984 general election, he unsuccessfully campaigned in the Trois-Rivières riding for the Parti nationaliste du Québec.

Rocheleau left Canadian federal politics in 2004.

Trois-Rivières (federal electoral district)
Trois-Rivières (French: [tʁwɑ ʁivjɛʁ], Canadian French: [tʁwɔ ʁivjaɛ̯ʁ] ⓘ; formerly known as Three Rivers and Trois-Rivières Métropolitain) is an electoral district in Quebec, Canada that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1892 and from 1935 to the present.

It was created as "Three Rivers" riding by the British North America Act 1867. The electoral district was abolished in 1892 when it was merged into Three Rivers and St. Maurice riding.

The electoral district's English name changed in 1947 to "Trois-Rivières". The riding's name was changed again in 1972 to "Trois-Rivières Métropolitain". Trois-Rivières Métropolitain was abolished in 1976 when it was redistributed into a new "Trois-Rivières" riding and Champlain riding.

This riding lost territory to Saint-Maurice—Champlain and gained territory from Berthier—Maskinongé during the 2012 electoral redistribution.
Parish of Botany
Botany Parish, Cumberland is one of the 57 parishes of Cumberland County, New South Wales, a cadastral unit for use on land titles.  It contains the area to the north of Botany Bay and to the east of part of Cooks River. It includes the suburbs of La Perouse, Hillsdale, Banksmeadow and Maroubra. It also includes Sydney Airport.

Banksmeadow
Banksmeadow is a suburb located in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney, within the state of New South Wales, Australia. Situated 11 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district, it falls under the jurisdiction of the Bayside Council. Banksmeadow is positioned on the northern shores of Botany Bay.
Timeline of the New People's Army rebellion
The following is the timeline of events of CPP-NPA-NDF rebellion, a conflict between the government of the Philippines, the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP), the New People's Army (NPA) and the National Democratic Front (NDF).

Las Navas
Las Navas, officially the Municipality of Las Navas (Waray: Bungto han Las Navas; Tagalog: Bayan ng Las Navas), is a municipality in the province of Northern Samar, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 37,425 people.
Östgötalagen
The Östgötalagen was a medieval provincial law-code for Östergötland and the Småland lands of Kinda (which also included Ydre härad), Vedbo, Tjust and several smaller areas, as well as Öland, an area known as the Östgöta lagsaga. The law-code was associated with assemblies called Lionga thing.

The preserved record clearly relates to the lawspeakers' orally transmitted laws and is considered to have been written down around 1290.

The Östgötalagen were first printed by Hans Samuel Collin and Carl Johan Schlyter in 1830. A modernized Swedish interpretation with comments was published in 1933 by Åke Holmbäck and Elias Wessén.

Tjust
Tjust (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɕʉːst]) was one of the small lands of Småland, Sweden. It was divided into the hundreds of Tjust Northern Hundred and Tjust Southern Hundred. It corresponds to Västervik Municipality and the southern part of Valdemarsvik Municipality.
Ashland/Lineville Airport
Ashland/Lineville Airport (FAA LID: 26A) is a county-owned public-use airport located 2 nautical miles (4 km) northeast of the central business district of Ashland, a town in Clay County, Alabama, United States. According to the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, it is categorized as a general aviation facility.

Clay County, Alabama
Clay County is a county in the east central part of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census the population was 14,236. Its county seat is Ashland. Its name is in honor of Henry Clay, famous American statesman, member of the United States Senate from Kentucky and United States Secretary of State in the 19th century. It was the last dry county in Alabama with no wet cities within its boundaries, until a vote on March 1, 2016, approved the sale of alcohol in Lineville and Ashland.
Toy Trawler Spaniel
The Toy Trawler Spaniel is an extinct breed of Spaniel which physically was similar to the King Charles Spaniel of the 16th century. It is considered to have descended from the original King Charles Spaniel, and the older variety of the Sussex Spaniel. It was employed as a sports dog first before becoming a toy and show dog. It was considered to be on the verge of extinction by 1920. A preserved specimen is kept in Tring at the Natural History Museum.

Tring
Tring /trɪŋ/ is a market town and civil parish in the Borough of Dacorum, in Hertfordshire, England. It is situated in a gap passing through the Chiltern Hills, classed as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, 30 miles (50 km) from Central London. Tring is linked to London by the Roman road of Akeman Street, the modern A41 road, the Grand Union Canal and the West Coast Main Line to London Euston. Settlements in Tring date back to prehistoric times and it was mentioned in the Domesday Book; the town received its market charter in 1315. Tring is now largely a commuter town within the London commuter belt.
As of 2021, Tring had a population of 12,427.
Renegades (1930 film)
Renegades is a 1930 American pre-Code film directed by Victor Fleming for Fox Film. It stars Warner Baxter, Myrna Loy, and Noah Beery. Jules Furthman based his script on André Armandy's novel Le Renégat. Fleming shot in the Mojave Desert (with immense sets and hundreds of extras) where the extreme heat proved a severe impediment to the production. Bela Lugosi has a relatively small role as the Marabout, a Rif sheik whom Loy's character manipulates, but his character is important to the story. An uncredited Victor Jory in his film debut plays a Legion officer. Critics mostly acclaimed the film as "a great action picture" and "a box office hit" that had to be held over. It was the last film to be produced entirely by William Fox before he lost control of his studio during a hostile takeover.

Takeover
In business, a takeover is the purchase of one company (the target) by another (the acquirer or bidder). In the UK, the term refers to the acquisition of a public company whose shares are publicly listed, in contrast to the acquisition of a private company.

Management of the target company may or may not agree with a proposed takeover, and this has resulted in the following takeover classifications: friendly, hostile, reverse or back-flip. Financing a takeover often involves loans or bond issues which may include junk bonds as well as a simple cash offer. It can also include shares in the new company.
Blum Basin Falls
Blum Basin Falls is a waterfall in Whatcom County, in the U.S. state of Washington. It is located in North Cascades National Park on the headwaters of Blum Creek, a tributary of the Baker River. Fed by two small retreating glaciers and several snowfields on the southern side of Mount Blum, the waterfall is formed by the largest meltwater stream that feeds the mainstem of Blum Creek. The falls tumble 1,680 feet (510 m) down a high glacial headwall several miles within the national park in two distinct stages; the first is a series of slides over rounded rock, above the tree line, and the second is a series of near-vertical plunges to the forested valley below.  Although most of the falls is clearly visible, parts of it are obscured by tall pines that grow at its base. There is no trail leading to the waterfall.

Tree line
The tree line is the edge of a habitat at which trees are capable of growing and beyond which they are not. It is found at high elevations and high latitudes. Beyond the tree line, trees cannot tolerate the environmental conditions (usually low temperatures, extreme snowpack, or associated lack of available moisture).: 51  The tree line is sometimes distinguished from a lower timberline, which is the line below which trees form a forest with a closed canopy.: 151 : 18

At the tree line, tree growth is often sparse, stunted, and deformed by wind and cold. This is sometimes known as krummholz (German for "crooked wood").: 58

The tree line often appears well-defined, but it can be a more gradual transition. Trees grow shorter and often at lower densities as they approach the tree line, above which they are unable to grow at all.: 55  Given a certain latitude, the tree line is approximately 300 to 1000 meters below the permanent snow line and roughly parallel to it.
Project Kalina
Project Kalina is a proposed fifth-generation diesel-electric submarine currently being developed by TsKB Rubin and others, for the Russian Navy. It will be fitted with air-independent propulsion technology, and copies may also be sold to China.

As of 2021, the project had lost government funding, according to the Russian state-owned RIA Novosti news agency. As a result, it was being self-funded by Rubin, the developer.

RIA Novosti
55°44′15.38″N 37°35′24.92″E﻿ / ﻿55.7376056°N 37.5902556°E﻿ / 55.7376056; 37.5902556

RIA Novosti (Russian: РИА Новости), sometimes referred to as RIAN (РИАН) or RIA (РИА), is a Russian state-owned domestic news agency. On 9 December 2013, by a decree of Russian President Vladimir Putin, it was liquidated and its assets and workforce were transferred to the newly created Rossiya Segodnya agency. On 8 April 2014, RIA Novosti was registered as part of the new agency.

RIA Novosti is headquartered in Moscow. The chief editor is Anna Gavrilova.
Elisabeth Terland
Elisabeth Terland (Norwegian: [ˈtæ̂ːrlɑn]; born 28 June 2001) is a Norwegian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Women's Super League club Manchester United and the Norway national team.

Norway women's national football team
The Norway women's national football team (Norwegian: Norges kvinnelandslag i fotball) represents Norway in international football, and is controlled by the Norwegian Football Federation. The team is former European, World and Olympic champions and thus one of the most successful national teams. However, the team has endured less success since the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup.
The Voice: la plus belle voix season 6
The Voice: la plus belle voix (season 6) is the sixth season of the French reality singing competition, created by media tycoon John de Mol.  It was aired from 18 February to 10 June 2017 on TF1.

One of the important premises of the show is the quality of the singing talent. Four coaches, themselves popular performing artists, train the talents in their group and occasionally perform with them. Talents are selected in blind auditions, where the coaches cannot see, but only hear the auditioner.

Three of the coaches continued from season five, namely Florent Pagny, Zazie and Mika. But Matt Pokora replaced Garou. With Garou's departure, Pagny serves as the last remaining coach from the show's inaugural season.

Lisandro Cuxi was announced as the winner of the season on 10 June 2017, marking Matt Pokora's first and only win as a coach. In addition, Cuxi became the first winning artist born outside of France.

TF1
TF1 (French: [te ɛf œ̃] ⓘ; standing for Télévision Française 1) is a French commercial television network owned by TF1 Group, controlled by the Bouygues conglomerate. TF1's average market share of 24% makes it the most popular domestic network.

TF1 is part of the TF1 Group of mass media companies, which also includes the news channel LCI. It previously owned the satellite TV provider TPS, which was sold to Canal+ Group.

The network is a supporter of the Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (HBBTV) initiative, promoting and establishing an open European standard for hybrid set-top boxes for the reception of terrestrial TV and broadband multimedia applications with a single user interface.
2012 Speedway Grand Prix of Scandinavia
The 2012 FIM Scandinavian Speedway Grand Prix will be the tenth race of the 2012 Speedway Grand Prix season. It took place on September 8 at the G&B Stadium in Målilla, Sweden.

The Grand Prix was won by Tomasz Gollob who beat Chris Holder, Antonio Lindbäck and Nicki Pedersen in the final.

Målilla
Målilla (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈmôːˌlɪlːa]) is a locality in Hultsfred Municipality, Kalmar County, Sweden with 1,524 inhabitants in 2010.

It is commonly known as the temperature capital of Sweden due to both high and low temperature records being set there. A Swedish record high temperature of +38 °C (100.4 °F) was set on June 29, 1947. This record is shared with Ultuna in Uppland. The lowest temperature recorded is −33.8 °C, one of the lowest ever recorded in southern Sweden.

Due to its fame for the extremes in temperature, the center of the town's main roundabout features a 15 metre high thermometer. Shortly after its construction in December 2000, it was hit by a motorist and its bulb had to be replaced.
Zhang Yuan
Zhang Yuan is the name of:

Zhang Daqian (1899–1983), Chinese painter who used the name Zhang Yuan

Zhang Hai Yuan (born 1977), a Chinese track and field athlete

Zhang Yu'an (born 1984), Chinese television personality and radio host in South Korea

Zhang Yuan (director, born 1926) (1926–2000), a Chinese actress and film director

Zhang Yuan (director) (born 1963), Chinese filmmaker

Zhang Yuan (singer) (born 1985), Chinese singer

Zhang Yuan (footballer, born 1989), Chinese association footballer

Zhang Yuan (footballer, born 1997), Chinese association footballer

Zhang Yuan (born 1985), Chinese singer with Top Combine

Yuan Chang (born 1959), Taiwanese-born American medical researcher

Belinda Chang (author) or Zhang Yuan (born 1963), Taiwanese writer

Yuan Chang
Yuan Chang (simplified Chinese: 张远; traditional Chinese: 張遠; pinyin: Zhāng Yuǎn; born 17 November 1959) is a Taiwanese-born American virologist and pathologist who co-discovered together with her husband, Patrick S. Moore, the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and Merkel cell polyomavirus, two of the seven known human oncoviruses.
Sardar Patel Memorial College
Sardar Patel Memorial College, also known as S.P.M. College, Udantpuri, is a degree college in Bihar Sharif in the district of Nalanda in Bihar, India. It is a constituent unit of Patliputra University. The college offers undergraduate degree and postgraduate degree in arts, science, and information technology.

Undergraduate degree
An undergraduate degree (also called a first degree or simply a degree) is an academic degree awarded to a student who has completed an undergraduate program of study. In the United States, undergraduate degrees are typically offered at institutions of higher education such as colleges and universities. The most common types are the associate degree and the bachelor's degree, with the latter usually requiring at least three to four years of full-time study to complete.

In other higher education systems, the scope of undergraduate education may extend up to the level of a master's degree. This structure is found, for example, in certain science courses in the United Kingdom and in some long-cycle medicine programs in continental Europe. Such qualifications are sometimes categorized as basic academic degrees or as first professional degrees.
François-Jean Wyns de Raucour
François-Jean Wyns de Raucour (or Raucourt), knight (6 November 1779 – 4 January 1857), was a Belgian liberal politician and mayor of the City of Brussels.

He was a lawyer and became alderman and mayor of Brussels (1840–1848). He was also a member of the provincial council of Brabant and a member of the Belgian Senate.

Province of Brabant
The Province of Brabant (/brəˈbænt/, US also /brəˈbɑːnt, ˈbrɑːbənt/; Dutch: [ˈbraːbɑnt] ⓘ) was a province in Belgium from 1830 to 1995. It was created in 1815 as South Brabant, part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. In 1995, it was split into the Dutch-speaking Flemish Brabant, the French-speaking Walloon Brabant and the bilingual Brussels-Capital Region.
Polska Grupa Zbrojeniowa
The Polska Grupa Zbrojeniowa or PGZ SA (English: Polish Armaments Group) is a holding company established by the Polish government in 2013 to unite Polish state owned defence industry companies. Headquartered in Radom, the group is Poland's largest and one of Europe's major arms manufacturers comprising over 50 subsidiaries.

In 2024, PGZ was ranked 51st on the list of 100 largest arms companies in the world in terms of revenue, published by SIPRI.

Ministry of National Defence (Poland)
The Ministry of National Defence (Polish: Ministerstwo Obrony Narodowej [mi.ɲisˈtɛr.stfɔ ɔˈbrɔ.nɘ na.rɔˈdɔ.vɛj], MON [ˈmɔn] ⓘ) is an office of government in Poland headed by the Minister of National Defence. 
It is responsible for the organisation and management of the Polish Armed Forces. During the Second Polish Republic and World War II it was called the Ministry of Military Affairs (Ministerstwo Spraw Wojskowych). Its budget for 2025 was 186,6 billion PLN.
Runaway (TV serial)
Runaway is the story of a young boy, who takes to the streets to get away from the torment he suffers at school and daily problems at home. Life at home is rife with daily doses of scoldings from his half-drunk mother, and his two younger brothers Dean and Jack pay him scant attention until noticing he is missing. On his journey, Sean meets a girl named Molly, who takes him to a crumbling mill where her family lives. The series follows the police search for Sean, and how his disappearance affects his family.

Runaways was part of a short season on CBBC about children and homelessness, along with a 5-part documentary "Sofa Surfers". The program was first shown as three separated half-hour episodes in March 2009, and later as an 82-minute film.

CBBC
CBBC (short for Children's BBC) is a British free-to-air public broadcast children's television channel owned and operated by the BBC. It is also the brand used for all BBC content for children aged from 6 to 12. Its sister channel, CBeebies, is aimed at children aged 6 and under. It broadcasts every day from 7:00 am to 7:00 pm, timesharing with BBC Three.
West Wisconsin Railway
The West Wisconsin Railway was a small railroad in Wisconsin, connecting the Chicago and North Western Railway at Elroy, Wisconsin to Hudson, Wisconsin. It became part of the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway ("Omaha Road"). This Omaha Road merged into the Chicago and North Western Railway. Today some of its route is still active as Union Pacific's Altoona Subdivision between Saint Paul and Altoona, Wisconsin.

An 1871 proposal map shows the route from Saint Paul joining the Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad at Tomah, Wisconsin. The West Wisconsin Railway was authorized in 1876 to build from St. Paul, Minnesota through to reach the Chicago and North Western Railway at Elroy, Wisconsin. It crossed the Milwaukee Road at Camp Douglas, instead of Tomah. In 1878 the bankrupt West Wisconsin Railway was acquired by the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway.

Altoona, Wisconsin
Altoona (/ælˈtuːnə/ al-TOO-nə) is a city in Eau Claire County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 8,292 at the 2020 census with an estimated population in 2022 of 9,149. The city is a railroad terminal on the Union Pacific Railroad.
Käthe Bosse-Griffiths
Käthe Bosse-Griffiths (16 July 1910 – 4 April 1998) was an eminent Egyptologist. Born in Germany, she moved to Britain as a political refugee and married a Welshman. She became a writer in the Welsh language, and made a unique contribution to Welsh literature.

Egyptology
Egyptology (from Egypt and Greek -λογία, -logia; Arabic: علم المصريات) is the scientific study of ancient Egypt, including historic artifacts and ancient writing. The topics studied include ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture, culture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD.
Highway H05 (Ukraine)
H05 is a regional road (H-Highway) in Crimea, Ukraine. It runs north-south and connects Krasnoperekopsk with Simferopol. Since the 2014 annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, the route was given another code 35K-001.

Simferopol
Simferopol (/ˌsɪmfəˈroʊpəl/ SIM-fər-OH-pəl), also known as Aqmescit, is the second-largest city on the Crimean Peninsula. The city, along with the rest of Crimea, is internationally recognized as part of Ukraine, but controlled by Russia. It is considered the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.

Since 2014 it has been under the de facto control of Russia, which annexed Crimea that year and regards Simferopol as the capital of the Republic of Crimea.

Simferopol is an important political, economic and transport hub of the peninsula, and serves as the administrative centre of both Simferopol Municipality and the surrounding Simferopol District. Its population was 332,317 (2014 Census).

After the 1784 annexation of the Crimean Khanate by the Russian Empire, the Russian empress decreed the foundation of a city named Simferopol on the location of the Crimean Tatar town of Aqmescit ("White Mosque").
Aharon Ibn Hayyim
Aharon Ibn Hayyim (Hebrew: אהרן אבן חיים‎ 1545–1632) was a biblical and Talmudic commentator. Born in Fez, Morocco, he served on the bet din and studied at the yeshivot of his father, Vidal ha-Zarefati and Joseph Almosnino. In 1606 he left Fez for Egypt, and made his way to Venice in 1608 where he printed his numerous manuscripts. While in Venice, Ibn Hayyim gave lectures in several congregations, and was well known by famous rabbis at the time. He died in Jerusalem in 1632, and is well known for his publications Leb Aharon, Korban Aharon (commentary on the Sifra), and Middot Aharon.

Beth din
A beth din (Hebrew: בֵּית דִּין, romanized: Bēṯ Dīn, Beit Din, lit. 'house of judgment', [beːθ ˈdiːn], Ashkenazic: beis din, plural: batei din) is a rabbinical court of Judaism. A hearing held before a beth din is called a din Torah (Hebrew: דין תורה, romanized: din Torah, lit. 'Torah law', plural dinei Torah). A beth din can be found both in Israel and in many Jewish diaspora communities.

A ruling (Hebrew: פסק, romanized: psak) from a beth din is based upon Jewish law (Hebrew: הלכה, romanized: halakha), though other legal systems are occasionally incorporated. Because it is not part of secular legal systems, when a case overlaps with secular courts its judgment is not always recognized by such courts.