hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ranjini Jose
Ranjini Jose (born 4 April 1984) is an Indian playback singer, lending her voice to several songs in Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada and Hindi languages. In a career spanning over 20 years, she has sung in over 200 films and has acted in more than a couple, including the 2017 drama Basheerinte Premalekhanam. After getting a break in the Chorus Peters Chochin Chorus Troupe in 1998, she made her Playback singing debut in the Malayalam cinema Melevaryathe Malakhakkuttikal, beside K. S. Chithra.

Playback singer
A playback singer, as they are usually known in South Asian cinema, or ghost singer in Western cinema, is a vocalist whose performance is pre-recorded for use in film. Playback singers record songs for soundtracks, and the actors lip-sync the songs for camera; the actual playback singer does not get filmed or appear on screen. Generally, to synchronise with the emotional situation of the song or complete film, the playback singer is given an idea or emotional context of that part of the film so that they can interpret by taking the right moves in their vocals.
Andrew Koppelman
Andrew Koppelman (born August 29, 1957, in Nyack, New York) is the John Paul Stevens Professor of Law and professor of political science at Northwestern University. He is the recipient of the 2015 Walder Award for Research Excellence. The main focus of his research is on the intersection of law and political philosophy.

Since May 2007, Koppelman has been a contributing writer to the legal blog Balkinization.

Nyack, New York
Nyack (English pronunciation: /ˈnaɪæk/ ⓘ) is a village primarily located in the town of Orangetown in Rockland County, New York, United States. Incorporated in 1872, a small western section of the village lies in Clarkstown. The population was 7,265 at the time of the 2020 census. It is a suburb of New York City approximately 15 miles (24 km) north of the Manhattan boundary on the west bank of the Hudson River, north of South Nyack, east of Central Nyack, south of Upper Nyack, and southeast of Valley Cottage.
Desperadas 2
Desperadas 2 (All They Need is Love) is a 2008 Filipino romantic comedy film directed by Joel C. Lamangan and the sequel to Desperadas (2007). The film stars Ogie Alcasid, Marian Rivera, Rufa Mae Quinto, Ruffa Gutierrez, and Iza Calzado. The film was produced by Regal Films and distributed by GMA Pictures

Ruffa Gutierrez
Sharmaine Ruffa Rama Gutierrez (born June 24, 1974) is a Filipino actress, model, TV host, and beauty pageant titleholder. She won Binibining Pilipinas World 1993 and was second runner-up to Miss World 1993.
Sudost
The Sudost (Russian: Судость; Ukrainian: Судость) is a river in Bryansk Oblast in Russia and Chernihiv Oblast in Ukraine. It is a right tributary of the Desna. Some sections of the river form the Russia–Ukraine border.

The length of the Sudost is 208 kilometers (129 mi). The area of its basin is approximately 5,850 square kilometers (2,260 sq mi). The river freezes up in November and December, and stays icebound until late March–early April.

The town of Pochep and the urban-type settlement of Pogar stand on the river.

Chernihiv Oblast
Chernihiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Чернігівська область, romanized: Chernihivska oblast), also referred to as Chernihivshchyna (Ukrainian: Чернігівщина), is an oblast (province) in northern Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Chernihiv. There are 1,511 settlements in the oblast, with a total population of 959,315 (2022 estimate).
Networked advocacy
Networked advocacy or net-centric advocacy refers to a specific type of advocacy. While networked advocacy has existed for centuries, it has become significantly more efficacious in recent years due in large part to the widespread availability of the internet, mobile telephones, and related communications technologies that enable users to overcome the transaction costs of collective action.

The study of networked advocacy draws on interdisciplinary sources, including communication theory, political science, and sociology. Theories of networked advocacy have been heavily influenced by social movement literature, and refer to the preexisting networks used to create and support collective actions and advocacy as well as the networks that such actions and advocacy create.

Transaction cost
In economics, a transaction cost is a cost incurred when making an economic trade when participating in a market.

The idea that transactions form the basis of economic thinking was introduced by the institutional economist John R. Commons in 1931. Oliver E. Williamson's Transaction Cost Economics article, published in 2008, popularized the concept of transaction costs. Douglass C. North argues that institutions, understood as the set of rules in a society, are key in the determination of transaction costs. In this sense, institutions that facilitate low transaction costs can boost economic growth.

Alongside production costs, transaction costs are one of the most significant factors in business operation and management.
De triomfeerende Min
De triomfeerende Min (Love Triumphant) is a 1678 pastoral semi-opera by Carolus Hacquart to celebrate the Peace of Nijmegen.

It is one of the earliest surviving attempts at Dutch-language opera, 8 years before Bacchus, Ceres en Venus, a 1686 Dutch-language pastoral opera by Johan Schenck. A reconstruction was the basis for a recording by Camerata Trajectina in 2012.

Treaties of Nijmegen
The Treaties or Peace of Nijmegen (French: Traités de Paix de Nimègue; German: Friede von Nimwegen; Dutch: Vrede van Nijmegen) were a series of treaties signed in the Dutch city of Nijmegen between August 1678 and October 1679. The treaties ended various interconnected wars among France, the Dutch Republic, Spain, Brandenburg, Sweden, Denmark-Norway, the Prince-Bishopric of Münster, and the Holy Roman Empire. The most significant of the treaties was the first, which established peace between France and the Dutch Republic and placed the northern border of France very near its modern position.
2024 Schwaben Open – Doubles
Constantin Frantzen and Hendrik Jebens were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Jakob Schnaitter and Mark Wallner won the title after defeating David Pichler and Michael Vrbenský 3–6, 6–2, [10–8] in the final.

Michael Vrbenský
Michael Vrbenský (born 26 December 1999) is a Czech tennis player. He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 277 achieved on 15 July 2024 and a career high doubles ranking of No. 97 achieved on 24 November 2025.
Vrbenský has won 11 ATP Challenger doubles titles, including 7 titles in 2025, tied for the second-most titles for that season.
Pieter Menten
Pieter Nicolaas Menten (26 May 1899 – 14 November 1987) was a Dutch war criminal, businessman, and art collector. Menten was a Nazi collaborator who committed numerous crimes, including murder, on behalf of the regime. After World War II, he was only found guilty of working as an interpreter and served just eight months in prison. Menten lived lavishly in the Netherlands for over 25 years, often storing and selling stolen artwork, before the new evidence was used to re-try him, and he was sentenced to 10 years in prison. He was released in 1985 due to old age and good behavior, and he died in 1987.

Nazi plunder
Nazi authorities systematically plundered art and valuables from occupied European countries. Jewish property was looted beginning in 1933 in Germany and was a key part of the Holocaust. Nazis also plundered occupied countries, sometimes with direct seizures, and sometimes under the guise of protecting art through Kunstschutz units. In addition to gold, silver, and currency, cultural items of great significance were stolen, including paintings, ceramics, books, and religious treasures.

Many of the artworks looted by the Nazis were recovered by the Allies' Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives program (MFAA, also known as the Monuments Men and Women), following the war; however many of them are still missing or were returned to countries but not to their original owners. An international effort to identify Nazi plunder which still remains unaccounted for is underway, with the ultimate aim of returning the items to their rightful owners, their families, or their respective countries.
Clondagad
Clondagad (Irish: Cluain Dá Ghad) is a civil parish of County Clare, Ireland. It centres on Clondagad House, which is 16 kilometres (10 mi) by road southwest of Ennis. Clondagad House is a three-bay two-storey house dated to around 1820.

County Clare
County Clare (Irish: Contae an Chláir) is a county in the province of Munster in the  Southern part of Ireland, bordered on the west by the Atlantic Ocean. Clare County Council is the local authority. The county had a population of 127,938 at the 2022 census. The county seat and largest settlement is Ennis.
Hollingbourne
Hollingbourne  is a village and civil parish in the borough of Maidstone in Kent, England. The parish is located on the southward slope of the North Downs to the east of the county town, Maidstone. The parish population is around 900 and has three conservation areas: Upper Street in the village centre and the outlying hamlets of Broad Street and Eyhorne Street.

Maidstone
Maidstone is the largest town in the county of Kent in South East England, of which it is also the county town. Maidstone is historically important and lies 32 miles (51 km) east-south-east of London. The River Medway runs through the centre of the town, linking it with Rochester and the Thames Estuary. Historically, the river carried much of the town's trade as the centre of the agricultural county of Kent, which is known as the Garden of England. There is evidence of settlement in the area dating back before the Stone Age. The town, part of the borough of Maidstone, had an approximate population of 100,000 in 2019. Since World War II, the town's economy has shifted from heavy industry towards light industry and services.
1964 United Arab Republic parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in the United Arab Republic (now Egypt) on 10 March 1964, with a second round on 19 March. At the time the country was a one-party state and all candidates had to be members of the Arab Socialist Union (ASU). A total of 1,750 candidates contested the 350 elected seats. A further ten members were appointed by President Gamal Abdel Nasser.

Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)
The Arab Socialist Union (Arabic: الاتحاد الاشتراكي العربي al-Ittiḥād al-Ištirākī al-ʿArabī) was an Egyptian political party based on the principles of Nasserism and Arab socialism. It evolved during the years of Sadat to become the National Democratic Party, which ruled Egypt until the 2011 Egyptian revolution.
36th Manitoba Legislature
The members of the 36th Manitoba Legislature were elected in the Manitoba general election held in April 1995. The legislature sat from May 23, 1995, to August 17, 1999.

The Progressive Conservative Party led by Gary Filmon formed the government.

Gary Doer of the New Democratic Party was Leader of the Opposition.

Louise Dacquay served as speaker for the assembly.

There were five sessions of the 36th Legislature:

Yvon Dumont was Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba until March 2, 1999, when Peter Liba became lieutenant governor.

Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba
The Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba (PC; French: Parti progressiste-conservateur du Manitoba) is a centre-right political party in Manitoba, Canada. It is currently the opposition party in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, following a defeat in the 2023 provincial election.
143rd Field Artillery Regiment
The 143rd Field Artillery Regiment is a combat arms regiment of the United States Army made up of soldiers from the California Army National Guard.  Only the regiment's first battalion, a Composite fires battalion, equipped with M119A3 and M777A2 Howitzers, is still active.  The 1st Battalion, 143rd Field Artillery's current mission is to shoot safely, accurately, and quickly in direct support of the 79th Infantry Brigade Combat Team.  Furthermore, the battalion trains to deploy, fight, and win on the battlefield and respond effectively to any state emergency.

The first battalion was most recently activated for federal service in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom from 2007 to 2008.  The subordinate batteries of 1-143 FA executed force protection missions throughout central and northern Iraq.

Walnut Creek, California
Walnut Creek is a city in Contra Costa County, California, United States, located in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, about 16 miles (26 kilometers) east of the city of Oakland, California and 25 miles (40 kilometers) east of San Francisco. Walnut Creek has a total population of 70,127 per the 2020 census, is located at the junction of the highways from Sacramento, California and San Jose, California (I-680) and San Francisco/Oakland (SR-24), and is accessible by BART. The city shares its borders with Clayton, California, Lafayette, California, Alamo, California, Pleasant Hill, California, and Concord, California.
Schwabe (publisher)
Schwabe Verlag in Basel is the oldest printing and publishing house in the world. The company is based on the Offizin founded by Johannes Petri after 1488 and has since been an independent Swiss family business.

Schwabe publishes about 120 books and magazines annually, focusing on humanities. Academic proofreading and cooperation with university institutions and academies ensure the scientific quality of individual titles, large projects (e.g. the Historical Lexicon of Switzerland, the Historical Dictionary of Philosophy, the History of Philosophy, the Augustine Encyclopaedia) and more than 20 ongoing series. The company also employs around 160 people working in

Schweizerischer Ärzteverlag (EMH)

Johannes Petri, founded in 2010

printing shop in Muttenz

computer science and bookshop "Das Narrenschiff."

Printing
Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The earliest known form of printing evolved from ink rubbings made on paper or cloth from texts on stone tablets, used during the sixth century. Printing by pressing an inked image onto paper (using woodblock printing) appeared later that century. Later developments in printing technology include the movable type invented by Bi Sheng around 1040 and the printing press invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century. The technology of printing played a key role in the development of the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution and laid the material basis for the modern knowledge-based economy and the spread of learning to the masses.
Kamina (film)
Kamina is a 2013 Indian Telugu-language crime thriller film directed by Lakshmikanth Chenna and featuring Sai Kumar, Subbaraju, Krishi Arimanda, Brahmaji, Ravi Babu, Ashish Vidyarthi,  Roja and Lekha Washington in important roles. It is the Telugu remake of the 2007 Bollywood film Johnny Gaddar. The film was shot in Ghatkesar, Hyderabad and Bangalore.

Ghatkesar
Ghatkesar is a satellite town of Hyderabad in the Medchal-Malkajgiri district of Telangana, India. It is the mandal headquarters of Ghatkesar Mandal in the Keesara revenue division. Located in the outer suburbs of Hyderabad, it is a part of the Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority.
Dhaka Commerce College
Dhaka Commerce College (Bengali: ঢাকা কমার্স কলেজ) is a master's level college in Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Established in 1989, it was the first college in Dhaka city to specialize in business studies. Students receive education both in Bengali and English mediums. The main founder of this college is considered Kazi Nurul Islam Faruky.

Also known as DCC, Dhaka Commerce College was awarded as the best private college in Bangladesh in 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019 and 2023. The Higher Secondary science course started in the 2019–20 session.

Bachelor of Business Administration
A Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) is an undergraduate degree in business administration awarded by colleges and universities after completion of four years and typically 120 credits of undergraduate study in the fundamentals of business administration.
TJ Valašské Meziříčí
TJ Valašské Meziříčí (Tělovýchovná jednota Valašské Meziříčí) is a football club located in Valašské Meziříčí, Czech Republic. It currently plays in Czech Fourth Division – Divize E, which is the fourth tier of the Czech football system. In 2017 the club won promotion to the third-tier Moravian-Silesian Football League for the first time in their history. After two seasons the club was relegated at the end of the 2018–19 season, having registered only 5 points across the whole of that season.

Moravian-Silesian Football League
The Moravian-Silesian Football League (MSFL; Czech: Moravskoslezská fotbalová liga) is one of the third level football leagues in the Czech Republic (the other is the Bohemian Football League) headquartered in Olomouc. The league comprises teams from the historic regions of Moravia and Silesia and partially also Bohemia.

The league was formed in 1991 during the Czechoslovakia era, replacing the former II.ČNL (II. Česká národni liga; Second Czech National League) at the third tier of Czechoslovak football alongside sister league ČFL.

The winner of MSFL is promoted to the Czech National Football League. Three clubs are promoted to the MSFL – the winners of Divize D, E and F of the Czech Fourth Division.
Space Launch Liability Indemnification Extension Act
The Space Launch Liability Indemnification Extension Act (H.R. 3547) is a bill that would extend until December 31, 2014 the current limitation on liability of commercial space launch companies. Under the current system, the space launch company is liable for any damages up to $500 million, after which the U.S. Government will pay the damages in the range of $500 million to $2.7 billion. Above $2.7 billion, the company is again responsible. The Space Launch Liability Indemnification Extension Act was passed by the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.

113th United States Congress
The 113th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, from January 3, 2013, to January 3, 2015, during the fifth and sixth years of Barack Obama's presidency. It was composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives based on the results of the 2012 Senate elections and the 2012 House elections. The seats in the House were apportioned based on the 2010 United States census. It first met in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2013, and it ended on January 3, 2015. Senators elected to regular terms in 2008 were in the last two years of those terms during this Congress.

The Senate had a Democratic majority, while the House had a Republican majority; such a split would not be repeated until the 118th Congress. This was the last time Democrats held control of the Senate until the 117th Congress in 2021.
Mazan Abbey
Mazan Abbey was a Cistercian monastery in the village of Mazan-l'Abbaye in the département of the Ardèche in the region of Rhône-Alpes, France.

It was founded in 1120 from Bonnevaux Abbey, incorporating an already existing community of canons, and was the mother house of Le Thoronet Abbey (1136), Silvanès Abbey (1136), Bonneval Abbey (1147) and Sénanque Abbey (1148). It was plundered during the Hundred Years' War and again by the Huguenots, and revived and rebuilt in the 18th century.

It was suppressed in the French Revolution, and the remains were systematically quarried for stone during the 19th and 20th centuries, especially to build the smaller modern church now adjacent to the site, as the original abbey church, which had been saved from destruction for the use of the parish, was considered too big and cold.

Ardèche
Ardèche (French pronunciation: [aʁdɛʃ] ⓘ; Occitan: Ardecha, pronounced [aɾˈdet͡ʃɔ]; Arpitan: Ardecha) is a department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Southeastern France. It is named after the river Ardèche and had a population of 328,278 as of 2019. Its prefecture is in Privas, but its largest city is Annonay.
Child Nutrition Act
The Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (CNA) is a United States federal law (act) signed on October 11, 1966 by President Lyndon B. Johnson. The Act was created as a result of the "years of cumulative successful experience under the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) to help meet the nutritional needs of children."  The National School Lunch Program feeds 30.5 million children per day (as of 2007). NSLP was operated in over 101,000 public and nonprofit private schools in 2007. The Special Milk Program, functioning since 1954, was extended to June 30, 1970 and incorporated into the act. The act also provided Federal funding assistance towards non-food purchases for school equipment.

The act launched the first pilot of the School Breakfast Program, a federally assisted meal program that provides low-cost or free breakfasts to children in public and non-profit schools as well as child care institutions. The program was made permanent in 1975.

Act (document)
An act is an instrument that records a fact or something that has been said, done, or agreed. Acts generally take the form of legal instruments of writing that have probative value and executory force.  They are usually accepted as self-authenticating demonstrative evidence in court proceedings, though with the precarious status of notaries public and their acts under common law, this is not always so.

Common types of acts are legislative, judicial, and notarial acts.
Agni Parvatam
Agni Parvatam (transl. Volcano) is a 1985 Indian Telugu-language film, produced by C. Ashwini Dutt and K. Raghavendra Rao under the banner of Vyjayanthi Movies and directed by K. Raghavendra Rao. The film stars Krishna, Radha,  Kaikala Satyanarayana and Rao Gopala Rao in the lead roles. The film turned out to be a Blockbuster at the box office with Krishna's aggressive dialogue "Aggipetti Vunda?" (Do you have a matchbox?) becoming highly popular in the 1980s.

Kaikala Satyanarayana
Kaikala Satyanarayana (25 July 1935 – 23 December 2022) was an Indian actor, producer, and politician who predominantly worked in Telugu cinema. He appeared in more than 750 films over six decades. He was a recipient of the Raghupathi Venkaiah Award in 2011, and the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award in 2017. Renowned for his acting prowess across a range of roles and genres, he was given the epithet Navarasa Natana Sarvabhouma (transl. Universal monarch of acting in nine rasas).

He served as the Member of Parliament in the 11th Lok Sabha representing Machilipatnam constituency from the Telugu Desam Party.
Katabangan language
Katabangan (Catanauan "Ayta", also called Catanauanin) is an extinct Aeta language that was spoken in the Bondoc Peninsula of Quezon Province, southern Luzon in the Philippines. It is misspelled Katabaga in Ethnologue.

The Katabangan have completely switched to Filipino. Katabangan is also used by some people in the Bikol Region to refer to mixed-blood Agta. Zubiri believes it is likely related to Inagta Alabat and to the Manide of western and central Camarines Norte.

Ethnologue
Ethnologue: Languages of the World (stylized as Ethnoloɠue) is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world. It is the world's most comprehensive catalogue of languages. It was first issued in 1951 and is now published by SIL Global, an American evangelical Christian non-profit organization.