hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Newark and Sherwood United F.C.
Newark and Sherwood United F.C. is a football club that represents the town of Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire and were based at the Lowfields Ground, Hawton Lane, Balderton for over 100 years, (1901 - 2021). They are currently members of the United Counties League Premier Division North and are ground sharing with Harrowby United F.C. in Grantham.

Grantham
Grantham (/ˈɡrænθəm/) is a market town and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated on the banks of the River Witham and bounded to the west by the A1 road; it lies 23 miles (37 km) south of Lincoln and 22 miles (35 km) east of Nottingham. The population in 2016 was 44,580. The town is the largest settlement and the administrative centre of the South Kesteven District.

Grantham was the birthplace of the UK's former prime minister Margaret Thatcher. The mathematician and scientist Isaac Newton was educated at the King's School. The town was the workplace of the UK's first warranted female police officer, Edith Smith, in 1914. The UK's first running diesel engine was made there in 1892 and the first tractor in 1896. Thomas Paine worked there as an excise officer in the 1760s. The villages of Manthorpe, Great Gonerby, Barrowby, Londonthorpe and Harlaxton form outlying suburbs of the town.
Journal of Neuroinflammation
The Journal of Neuroinflammation is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal covering immunological responses of the nervous system. It was established in 2004 and is published by BioMed Central. The editors-in-chief are Sue T. Griffin (University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences) and Monica J. Carson (University of California, Riverside), who succeeded Robert E. Mrak (University of Toledo Medical Center) in 2018.

BioMed Central
BioMed Central (BMC) is a United Kingdom-based, for-profit scientific open access publisher that produces over 250 scientific journals. All its journals are published online only. BioMed Central describes itself as the first and largest open access science publisher. It was founded in 2000 and has been owned by Springer, now Springer Nature, since 2008.
Panorama
A panorama (formed from Greek πᾶν "all" + ὅραμα "view") is any wide-angle view or representation of a physical space, whether in painting, drawing, photography (panoramic photography), film, seismic images, or 3D modeling. The word was coined in the 18th century by the English (Irish descent) painter Robert Barker to describe his panoramic paintings of Edinburgh and London. The motion-picture term panning is derived from panorama.

A panoramic view is also purposed for multimedia, cross-scale applications to an outline overview (from a distance) along and across repositories. This so-called "cognitive panorama" is a panoramic view over, and a combination of, cognitive spaces used to capture the larger scale.

Geophysical imaging
Geophysical imaging (also known as geophysical tomography) is a minimally destructive geophysical technique that investigates the subsurface of a terrestrial planet.  Geophysical imaging is a noninvasive imaging technique with a high parametrical and spatio-temporal resolution.  It can be used to model a surface or object understudy in 2D or 3D as well as monitor changes.

There are many applications of geophysical imaging some of which include imaging the lithosphere and imaging glaciers.  Many different techniques exist to perform geophysical imaging including seismic methods, electrical resistivity tomography, ground-penetrating radar, etc.

Types of geophysical imaging:

Electrical resistivity tomography

Ground-penetrating radar

Induced polarization

Seismic tomography and Reflection seismology

Magnetotellurics
2014 MercedesCup – Doubles
Facundo Bagnis and Thomaz Bellucci were the defending champions, but Bellucci chose not to participate.  Bagnis played alongside Marco Cecchinato, but lost in the first round to Michael Berrer and Alexander Zverev.
Mateusz Kowalczyk and Artem Sitak won the title, defeating Guillermo García-López and Philipp Oswald in the final, 2–6, 6–1, [10–7].

Guillermo García López
Guillermo García López (Spanish pronunciation: [ɡiˈʎeɾmo ɣaɾˈθi.a ˈlopeθ], born 4 June 1983) is a Spanish tennis coach and a former professional player. He won five singles titles and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 23 in February 2011.

As of 2021, he collected thirteen wins over top-10 players, including world No. 1 Rafael Nadal in 2010, world No. 4 Andy Murray in 2012 and world No. 3 Stan Wawrinka in 2014.
Sadr al-Shari'a al-Asghar
Sadr al-Shari'a al-Asghar (Arabic: صدر الشريعة الأصغر), also known as Sadr al-Shari'a al-Thani (Arabic: صدر الشريعة الثاني), was a Hanafi-Maturidi scholar, faqih (jurist), mutakallim (theologian), mufassir (Qur'anic exegete), muhaddith (expert of the Hadith), nahawi (grammarian), lughawi (linguist), logician, and astronomer, known for both his theories of time and place and his commentary on Islamic jurisprudence, indicating the depth of his knowledge in various Islamic disciplines.

His lineage reaches 'Ubadah ibn al-Samit. He was praised by al-Taftazani, and 'Abd al-Hayy al-Lucknawi.

Bukhara
Bukhara (/bʊˈxɑːrə/ buu-KHAR-ə) is the seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan by population, with 280,187 residents as of 1 January 2020. It is the capital of Bukhara Region.

The Bukhara region has been inhabited for at least five millennia, and the city has existed for half that time. Located on the Silk Road, the city has long served as a center of trade, scholarship, culture, and religion. Bukhara served as the capital of the Uzbek states such as the Khanate of Bukhara, the Emirate of Bukhara and later the Bukhara People’s Soviet Republic. It was the birthplace of the scholar Imam Bukhari. The city has been known as "Noble Bukhara" (Bukhārā-ye sharīf). Bukhara has about 140 architectural monuments. UNESCO has listed the historic center of Bukhara (which contains numerous mosques and madrasas) as a World Heritage Site.
Beyond Gravity
Beyond Gravity is the space-oriented segment of the Swiss technology group RUAG. At a total of thirteen sites in Switzerland (Bern, Zurich, Emmen and Nyon), Sweden (Gothenburg, Linköping), Finland (Tampere), USA (Titusville, Decatur), Austria (Vienna, Berndorf) and Portugal (Lisbon), Beyond Gravity employs around 1,265 people and posted sales of 339 million Swiss Francs in 2019. As a supplier of Arianespace, Beyond Gravity is also a shareholder, with 0.82% of capital in 2018.

Nyon
Nyon (French pronunciation: [njɔ̃] ⓘ; historically German: Neuis or Neuss and Italian: Nione, [ˈnjoːne]) is a municipality in Nyon District in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is located some 25 kilometers north east of Geneva's city centre, and since the 1970s it has become part of the Geneva metropolitan area. It lies on the shores of Lake Geneva and is the seat of Nyon District. The town has (as of December 2020) a population of 21,718 and is famous in the sporting world for being the headquarters of the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) and the European Club Association (ECA). It is connected to the rest of Switzerland by way of the Route Suisse, the A1 Motorway and the railways of the Arc Lémanique.
Thiago Ornelas
Thiago Resende Ornelas dos Santos (born 30 April 2004) is a Brazilian sprint hurdler. He was a silver medalist at the South American Championships in 2025 over 100 metres hurdles, and a silver medalist over 60 metres hurdles at the 2025 South American Indoor Championships.

100 metres hurdles
The 100 metres hurdles, or 100-meter hurdles, is a track and field event run mainly by women (the male counterpart is the 110 metres hurdles). For the race, ten hurdles of a height of 83.8 centimetres (33 in) are placed along a straight course of 100 metres (109.36 yd). The first hurdle is placed after a run-up of 13 metres from the starting line. The next 9 hurdles are set at a distance of 8.5 metres from each other, and the home stretch from the last hurdle to the finish line is 10.5 metres long. The hurdles are set up so that they will fall over if bumped into by the runner, but weighted so this is disadvantageous. Fallen hurdles do not count against runners provided that they do not run into them on purpose. Like the 100 metres sprint, the 100 m hurdles begins with athletes in starting blocks.

The fastest 100 m hurdlers run the distance in well under 13 seconds. The world record set by Tobi Amusan stands at 12.12 seconds.
La Storia (film)
La Storia ("History") is a 1986 Italian drama film directed by Luigi Comencini and starring Claudia Cardinale. It is based on the 1974 novel of the same name written by Elsa Morante. A shorter version of the film was  released theatrically, while a 4 hours and a half version was broadcast in three parts on Rai 2 in December 1986. It premiered out of competition at the 43rd Venice International Film Festival, where Cardinale refused to appear, upset because the film  had not been selected in the main competition.

Elsa Morante
Elsa Morante (pronounced [ˈelsa moˈrante, ˈɛl-]; 18 August 1912 – 25 November 1985) was an Italian novelist, poet, translator and children's books author. Her novel La storia (History) is included in the Bokklubben World Library List of 100 Best Books of All Time.
Alfa Romeo Cassino Plant
The Cassino Assembly Plant is a car assembly plant owned by Stellantis. It is located in the town of Piedimonte San Germano, three kilometers from Cassino, in the province of Frosinone, Italy. The car assembly plant started in 1972 with the production of Fiat 126. Today, it has a total surface area of 2 million square meters, of which 400 thousand are covered. The plant currently employs around 4,300 people.

Over seven million Fiat, Lancia and Alfa Romeo cars have rolled out over time. Models include the Fiat Tipo, Fiat Bravo/Brava, Fiat Tempra, Fiat Croma, Fiat Stilo, Lancia Delta, Alfa Romeo Giulietta, Alfa Romeo Giulia and Alfa Romeo Stelvio.

Fiat Tempra
The Fiat Tempra (Type 159) is a small family car produced by the Italian automaker Fiat from 1990 to 1996 in Italy. The Tempra was intended as a replacement for the Fiat Regata. The original project was called Tipo 3, being a mid-size car between the Fiat Tipo (project Tipo 2) and the bigger Fiat Croma (project Tipo 4). The Tempra shared its Type Three platform with the Lancia Dedra and Alfa Romeo 155.

The Tempra was named the 1991 Semperit Irish Car of the Year in Ireland. In Brazil, the Tempra was built from 1991 to 1998. The car was also assembled in Turkey by Tofaş and in Vietnam by Mekong Auto in complete knock down until 2000.
Vladimir Bukal
Vladimir Bukal (November 1, 1939 – August 21, 2008) was a Croatian chess player holding the title of International master.

He played in many Yugoslav and Croatian championships, winning the latter in 1978.

In 1985 he won the B-section of the "Banco di Roma" tournament in Rome (Ulf Andersson won the A-section). Twice winner of the B-section of the Reggio Emilia chess tournament (1988/89 and 1989/90).

Bukal achieved his best results in Senior tournaments:

2001 – bronze medal at the World Senior Championship at Arco  (Janis Klovans won the event);

2002 – gold medal at the European Senior Championship at Saint-Vincent;

2003 – bronze medal at the World Senior Championship at Bad Zwischenahn (Yuri Shabanov won the event).

He was a member of the HAŠK Mladost Zagreb chess club.

His son Vladimir Bukal Jr. (born in 1975) is also an International master.

Saint-Vincent, Aosta Valley
Saint-Vincent (French: [sɛ̃ vɛ̃sɑ̃] ⓘ; Valdôtain: Sèn-Veuncein; Issime Walser: Finze) is a town and comune in the Aosta Valley region of north-western Italy. Saint-Vincent, elevation 575 metres (1,886 ft), is a popular summer holiday resort with mineral springs, and home to one of four casinos in Italy.
2010 Natomas Men's Professional Tennis Tournament – Doubles
Lester Cook and David Martin were the defending champions, but chose to not compete this year.
Rik de Voest and Izak van der Merwe won in the final 4–6, 6–4, [10–7], against Nicholas Monroe and Donald Young.

Donald Young (tennis)
Donald Oliver Young Jr. (born July 23, 1989) is an American professional pickleball player with the American PPA Tour and Major League Pickleball, and also a former professional tennis player. Young had a tennis career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 38, achieved on 27 February 2012, and doubles ranking of world No. 43, achieved on 14 August 2017. As a junior he was ranked No. 1 in the world in 2005. His best singles performance was reaching the fourth round of the 2011 US Open, as well as the 2015 US Open. In doubles, he reached the final of the 2017 French Open, partnering Santiago González.  In mixed doubles, he reached the final of the 2024 US Open, partnering Taylor Townsend.
Allium togashii
Allium togashii is a plant species endemic to Japan. It is known only from Shikoku: Kankakei, and Azuki, although it is cultivated in other counties for its attractive floral arrays. It is a small, delicate plant with thin scapes and a feathery-looking umbel of very pale lavender flowers.

Umbel
In botany, an umbel is an inflorescence that consists of a number of short flower stalks (called pedicels) that spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade". The arrangement can vary from being flat-topped to almost spherical. Umbels can be simple or compound. The secondary umbels of compound umbels are known as umbellules or umbellets. A small umbel is called an umbellule. The arrangement of the inflorescence in umbels is referred to as umbellate, or occasionally subumbellate (almost umbellate).

Umbels are a characteristic of plants such as carrot, parsley, dill, and fennel in the family Apiaceae; ivy, Aralia and Fatsia in the family Araliaceae; and onion (Allium) in the family Alliaceae.

An umbel is a type of indeterminate inflorescence.
A compressed cyme, which is a determinate inflorescence, is called umbelliform if it resembles an umbel.
Robinsons Tuguegarao
Robinsons Tuguegarao (formerly known as Robinsons Place Tuguegarao), is a mixed-use complex shopping mall, owned and operated by Robinsons Land Corporation (RLC), one of the largest mall operators in the Philippines. It is located at the boundary of barangays Leonarda and Tanza, along Maharlika Highway, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan. Its location gives high accessibility to northern municipalities of Cagayan and the Tuguegarao Airport.

The mall opened its doors to the public on July 26, 2018 as the first full-service mall in Cagayan, the second Robinsons mall in the Cagayan Valley Region, after Robinsons Place Santiago, and the 50th in the Philippines. With a gross floor area of 68,000 m2 (730,000 sq ft), it is the second largest mall in the region.

The complex includes a Go Hotels Plus branch, the first in the region, a budget hotel brand also owned and operated by RLC.

Pan-Philippine Highway
The Pan-Philippine Highway, also known as the Maharlika Highway (Tagalog: Daang Maharlika; Cebuano: Dalang Halangdon), is a network of roads, expressways, bridges, and ferry services that connect the islands of Luzon, Samar, Leyte, and Mindanao in the Philippines, serving as the country's principal transport backbone. Measuring 3,379.73 kilometers (2,100.07 mi) long excluding sea routes not counted by highway milestones, it is the longest road in the Philippines that forms the country's north–south backbone component of National Route 1 (N1) of the Philippine highway network. The entire highway is designated as Asian Highway 26 (AH26) of the Asian Highway Network.

The northern terminus of the highway is in front of the Ilocos Norte Provincial Capitol in Laoag and the southern terminus is near the Zamboanga City Hall in Zamboanga City.
On-board toilet
On-board toilets are enclosures equipped with a toilet for the use of human excretion, typically mounted within a vehicle.

The small rooms also often are equipped with at least a sink, liquid soap, and paper towels for hand washing. Except in luxury versions, toilets of this kind are usually small.

The excreta are stored in a holding tank (when chemical toilets or vacuum toilets are used) or, on some ships, piped overboard. They are found in large aircraft, ships including crewed spacecraft, some road vehicles (such as recreational vehicles, coaches) and many passenger train cars.

Recreational vehicle
A recreational vehicle, often abbreviated as RV, is a motor vehicle or trailer that includes living quarters designed for accommodation. Types of RVs include motorhomes, campervans, coaches, caravans (also known as travel trailers and campers), fifth-wheel trailers, popup campers, and truck campers.

Typical amenities of an RV include a kitchen, a bathroom, and one or more beds. RVs can range from utilitarian – containing only sleeping quarters and basic cooking facilities – to luxurious, with features like air conditioning (AC), water heaters, televisions and satellite receivers, and quartz countertops.
François Victor Masséna
François Victor Masséna, 3rd Prince of Essling and 3rd Duke of Rivoli (born 2 April 1799 in Antibes, died 16 April 1863) was a French amateur ornithologist. He was the youngest of four children of Marshal André Masséna, Prince of Essling and Duke of Rivoli, and Anne Marie Rosalie Lamare. His siblings were Victoire Thècle Masséna, Marie Anne Elisabeth Masséna and Jacques Prosper Masséna.

Masséna accumulated a large bird collection of 12,500 specimens, which he sold to Dr. Thomas Bellerby Wilson in 1846. Wilson gave the collection to the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences. Masséna described a number of new parrots with his nephew Charles de Souancé, including the green-cheeked parakeet. The slaty-tailed trogon, crimson-mantled woodpecker and Rivoli's hummingbird were all named in his honor.

In 1823 he married Anna Masséna, Duchess of Rivoli and they had four children. Anna's hummingbird was named in her honor by fellow ornithologist René Primevère Lesson.

Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University
The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, formerly the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, is the oldest natural science research institution and museum in the Americas. It was founded in 1812, by many of the leading naturalists of the young American republic with an expressed mission of "the encouragement and cultivation of the sciences". It has sponsored expeditions, conducted original environmental and systematics research, and amassed natural history collections containing more than 17 million specimens. The Academy also organizes public exhibits and educational programs for both schools and the general public.
Macroscelesaurus
Macroscelesaurus is an extinct genus of therocephalian therapsid from the Late Permian of South Africa. The type species Macroscelesaurus janseni was named by Sidney H. Haughton in 1918 from the Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone. It is one of the few therocephalians known from postcranial remains.

Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone
The Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone is a tetrapod assemblage zone or biozone found in the Adelaide Subgroup of the Beaufort Group, a majorly fossiliferous and geologically important geological group of the Karoo Supergroup in South Africa. This biozone has outcrops located in the Teekloof Formation north-west of Beaufort West in the Western Cape, in the upper Middleton and lower Balfour Formations respectively from Colesberg of the Northern Cape to east of Graaff-Reinet in the Eastern Cape. The Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone is one of eight biozones found in the Beaufort Group, and is considered to be Late Permian in age.

The name of the biozone refers to Cistecephalus, a small, burrowing dicynodont therapsid. It is characterized by the presence of this species, known especially from the upper sections of this biozone, and the first appearance of the dicynodont Aulacephalodon.
Third Avenue Bridge (New York City)
The Third Avenue Bridge is a swing bridge that carries southbound road traffic on Third Avenue over the Harlem River, connecting the boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx in New York City. It once carried southbound New York State Route 1A. On the Manhattan side, the bridge funnels traffic into three locations: East 128th Street; the intersection of East 129th Street and Lexington Avenue; or FDR Drive in Manhattan.

The bridge was formerly bidirectional, but converted to one-way operation southbound on August 5, 1941, on the same day the Willis Avenue Bridge was similarly converted to one-way northbound.  In 1955, the original multi-truss bridge constructed in 1898 was removed and sold. A rebuilt bridge reopened in December 1956.

Lexington Avenue
Lexington Avenue, often colloquially abbreviated as "Lex", is an avenue on the East Side of Manhattan in New York City. The avenue carries southbound one-way traffic from East 131st Street to Gramercy Park at East 21st Street. Along its 5.5-mile (8.9-kilometer), 110-block route, Lexington Avenue runs through Harlem, Carnegie Hill, the Upper East Side, Midtown, and Murray Hill to a point of origin that is centered on Gramercy Park. South of Gramercy Park, the axis continues as Irving Place from 20th Street to East 14th Street.

Lexington Avenue was not one of the streets included in the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 street grid, so the addresses for cross streets do not start at an even hundred number, as they do with avenues that were originally part of the plan.
Klonsky
Klonsky is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Michael Klonsky (born 1943), American educator, author, and communist activist, son of Robert

Robert Klonsky (1918–2002), American Spanish Civil War veteran and communist activist

Michael Klonsky
Michael "Mike" Klonsky (born 1943) is an American educator, author, and political activist. He is known for his work with  the Students for a Democratic Society, the  New Communist Movement, and, later, the small schools movement.
Stalling (surname)
Stalling is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Carl Stalling (1891–1972), American composer and arranger

Jonathan Stalling (born 1975), American poet, scholar, editor, translator, professor, and inventor

Max Stalling (born 1966), American country music singer/songwriter

Jonathan Stalling
Jonathan Stalling (Chinese: 石江山，思道林; born June 24, 1975) is an American poet, scholar, editor, translator, professor, and inventor who works at the intersection of English and Chinese. He is the William J. Crowe Jr. Chair of International Studies and Dean (interim) of the David L. Boren College of International Studies at the University of Oklahoma and formally the Harold J & Ruth Newman Chair for US-China Issues. Stalling is co-director of the Institute for US-China Issues He is also the affiliate English professor at the University of Oklahoma where he serves as the founding curator of the Chinese Literature Translation Archive (CLTA), and as a founding editor of Chinese Literature Today (CLT) journal and as the editor of the CLT (now CLT2) and CLT book series published by the University of Oklahoma Press. He is the creator of the English Jueju poetic form and Directs the Newman Prize for Chinese Literature and Newman Prize for English Jueju.
Welkenraedt railway station
Welkenraedt is a railway station in the town of Welkenraedt, Liège, Belgium. The station opened on 24 October 1843 and is located on lines 37, 39 and 49. Passenger services are operated by the National Railway Company of Belgium (NMBS/SNCB).

National Railway Company of Belgium
The National Railway Company of Belgium (Dutch: Nationale Maatschappij der Belgische Spoorwegen, NMBS; French: Société nationale des chemins de fer belges, SNCB; German: Nationale Gesellschaft der Belgischen Eisenbahnen) is the national railway company of Belgium. The company formally styles itself using the Dutch and French abbreviations NMBS/SNCB. The corporate logo designed in 1936 by Henry van de Velde consists of the linguistically neutral letter B in a horizontal oval.