hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Madurai–Chandigarh Express
The 20493 / 20494 Madurai–Chandigarh Superfast Express is a Superfast Express train of Indian Railways – Northern Railway zone that runs between Madurai Junction in Tamil Nadu and Chandigarh Junction in Punjab and Haryana, India. The slip coaches to Dehradun was permanently discontinued with effect from 11 July 2021.

It operates as train number 20493 from Madurai Junction to Chandigarh Junction and as train number 20494 in the reverse direction, serving the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Punjab.

It previously ran only up to Chennai Central being recently extended to Madurai Junction. It carried slip coaches to Dehradun. But after July 11 2021, the slip coaches to Dehradun was permanently discontinued and it runs as a single train to Chandigarh from Madurai Junction, with revised coach position.

The train then changed its number from 12687/12688 to 20493/20494 in September 2024.

Madurai Junction railway station
Madurai Junction railway station (station code: MDU) is an NSG-2 category Indian railway station in Madurai railway division of Southern Railway zone. It serves the city of Madurai, located in Madurai district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Akul Ramayani
Akul Ramayani (born 12 April 2002) is an American racquetball player, and entrepreneur from Poughkeepsie, New York. A three-time Junior World Champion and eight-time USA national gold medalist, he was named the 2018 USA Racquetball Junior Athlete of the Year. He also holds the distinction of being the youngest athlete to win the Open Division of the New York Racquetball Regional Tournament.

He has received four times the United States Olympic Training Center invite.

World championship
A world championship is generally an international competition open to elite competitors from around the world, representing their nations, and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport, game, or ability.
2019 Mallorca Open – Doubles
Andreja Klepač and María José Martínez Sánchez were the defending champions, but Klepač chose not to participate this year.

Kirsten Flipkens and Johanna Larsson won the title, defeating Martínez Sánchez and Sara Sorribes Tormo in the final, 6–2, 6–4.

Johanna Larsson
Johanna Larsson (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈlɑ̌ːʂɔn]; born 17 August 1988) is a Swedish former tennis player. In her career, she won two singles and 14 doubles titles on the WTA Tour, with 13 singles and 17 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. Her career-high WTA rankings are 45 in singles, achieved in September 2016, and 20 in doubles, set on 30 October 2017.

In 2017, Larsson qualified for the WTA Finals for the first time, with her partner Kiki Bertens, reaching the final in Singapore upsetting fourth seeds Barty and Dellacqua and second seeds Vesnina and Makarova. They lost in the final against Tímea Babos and Andrea Hlaváčková. Larsson made her debut for the Sweden Fed Cup team in 2005, eventually accumulating an overall win–loss record of 50–30.
Italian intelligence agencies
Italian intelligence agencies are the intelligence agencies of Italy. Currently, the Italian intelligence agencies are the Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Esterna (AISE), focusing on foreign intelligence, and the Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Interna (AISI), focusing on internal security. They form part of the Department of Information for Security, which in turn is part of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers. The agencies have been reorganized multiple times since the birth of the Italian Republic in 1946 to attempt to increase effectiveness.

Intelligence agency
An intelligence agency is a government agency operating as a secret service responsible for the collection, analysis, and exploitation of information in support of law enforcement, national security, military, public safety, and foreign policy objectives.

Means of information gathering are both overt and covert and may include espionage, communication interception, cryptanalysis, cooperation with other institutions, and evaluation of public sources. The assembly and propagation of this information is known as intelligence analysis or intelligence assessment.
Shiy De-jinn
Shiy De-jinn 席德進 (1923–1981; pinyin: Xí Déjìn) was a Chinese modernist artist who became prominent in Taiwan. Born in Sichuan, he was a student of Lin Fengmian and Pang Xunqin. Fleeing the Chinese Communist Party to Taiwan, he lived there until his death. He has attracted interested as a nativist and, especially posthumously, as a queer artist.

His works are held at Museum of Contemporary Art Taipei and the Taipei Fine Arts Museum.

Pang Xunqin
Pang Xunqin (Chinese: 庞薰琹; June 20, 1906 – March 18, 1985) was a Chinese painter and teacher who, after studying in Paris, moved back to China and gave "traditional decoration art a modern context." Pang was also a co-founding member of the Storm Society, which aimed to bring a Parisian-style art world to China. He was greatly inspired by the French Art Nouveau movement.
Monocymbium
Monocymbium is a genus of African plants in the grass family.

Species

Monocymbium ceresiiforme (Nees) Stapf - widespread in sub-Saharan Africa from Liberia to Ethiopia to Cape Province

Monocymbium deightonii C.E.Hubb. - Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Liberia

Monocymbium lanceolatum C.E.Hubb. - Guinea, Sierra Leone

Cape Province
The Province of the Cape of Good Hope (Afrikaans: Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as "the Cape Province" (Afrikaans: Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as "The Cape" (Afrikaans: Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequently the Republic of South Africa. It encompassed the old Cape Colony, as well as Walvis Bay, and had Cape Town as its capital. In 1994, the Cape Province was divided into the new Eastern Cape, Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces, along with part of the North West.
Steak and oyster pie
Steak and oyster pie, also known as beef and oyster pie, is a traditional Victorian English dish. It is also common in Australia and New Zealand. In Ireland, it has been prepared by the Ballymaloe House, and as a classic dish of the Ballymaloe Cookery School. In the United States, it is a regional dish of Norfolk, Virginia. There, neck, flank, round, or rump may be used. It is prepared in a Dutch oven, and is slow-cooked until gelatinous. In New Zealand, steak and oyster pie may be made with Bluff oysters. It may also be made with ale. The dish is prepared by Rick Stein using Guinness beer.

Ale
Ale is a style of beer, brewed using a warm fermentation method.  In medieval England, the term referred to a drink brewed without hops.

As with most beers, ale typically has a bittering agent to balance the malt and act as a preservative. Ale was originally bittered with gruit, a mixture of herbs or spices boiled in the wort before fermentation, before hops replaced gruit as the bittering agent. In England, however, it was also common to brew ale without adding herbs.
Olonkho
Olonkho (Yakut: олоҥхо, romanized: oloñxo, Yakut pronunciation: [oloŋχo]; Dolgan: олоӈко, romanized: oloñko; Russian: Олонхо́) is a series of Yakut and Dolgan heroic epics. The term Olonkho is used to refer to the entire Yakut epic tradition as well as individual epic poems. An ancient oral tradition, it is thought that many of the poems predate the northwards migration of Yakuts in the 14th century, making Olonkho among the oldest epic arts of any Turkic peoples. There are over one hundred recorded Olonkhos, varying in length from a few thousand to tens of thousands of verses, with the most well-known poem Nyurgun Bootur the Swift containing over 36,000 verses.

Olonkho was first documented by Europeans during the Russian conquest of Siberia beginning in the 18th century. Large-scale documentation epics was begun by 19th century exiles to Siberia, as well as government-funded scholars in the 20th century in the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
The Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Russian: Якутская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика, romanized: Yakutskaya Avtonomnaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika; Yakut: Саха автономнай сэбиэскэй социалистическэй республиката, romanized: Saxa avtonomnay sebieskey sotsialistiçeskey respublikata), also known as Soviet Sakha, Soviet Yakutia or the Yakut ASSR (Russian: Якутская АССР, Yakutskaya ASSR), was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR within the Soviet Union.
Candidates Tournament 2020–2021
The 2020–2021 Candidates Tournament was an eight-player chess double-round-robin tournament to decide the challenger for the World Chess Championship 2021, played in Yekaterinburg, Russia. Ian Nepomniachtchi won the tournament with a round to spare and earned the right to challenge the defending world champion, Magnus Carlsen.

The first half of the tournament was played from 17 to 25 March 2020. It was suspended at the halfway point due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the second half of the tournament played from 19 to 27 April 2021. Over 13 months from beginning to end, it is believed to be the longest over-the-board chess tournament in history.

Glossary of chess
This glossary of chess explains commonly used terms in chess, in alphabetical order. Some of these terms have their own pages, like fork and pin.

For a list of:

unorthodox chess pieces, see Fairy chess piece;

terms specific to chess problems, see Glossary of chess problems;

named opening lines, see List of chess openings;

chess-related games, see List of chess variants;

terms general to board games, see Glossary of board games.
Bank of British North America
The Bank of British North America was founded by royal charter issued in 1836 in London, England. British North America was the common name by which the British colonies and territories that now comprise Canada were known prior to 1867.

By 1899, the bank had branches in London, Brantford, Hamilton, Toronto, Montreal, Ottawa, Kingston, Midland, Quebec City, Saint John, N.B., Brandon, Winnipeg, Fredericton, Halifax, Victoria, Vancouver, Rossland, Kaslo, Trail, Ashcroft, Greenwood, Atlin, Bennett, B.C., and Dawson City. It was the first bank operating in British Columbia.

Like the other Canadian chartered banks, it issued its own bank notes, 1852 to 1911. The end dates are the final dates appearing on notes, which may have circulated for some time after. The Bank of Canada was established through the Bank of Canada Act of 1934 and the banks relinquished their right to issue their own currency.

The Bank of British North America merged with the Bank of Montreal in 1918.

Rossland, British Columbia
Rossland is in the West Kootenay region of south central British Columbia. High in the Monashee Mountains, the city lies immediately east of the intersections of BC highways 3B and 22. The facilities provide a winter base for the nearby multi-peak ski hills of the Red Mountain Resort.  In the non-winter months Rossland is frequented by mountain bikers, with golf and fishing options nearby as well.
T. Kenneth Fowler
Thomas Kenneth Fowler (born March 1931 in Thomaston, Georgia) is an American physicist. He is known for his work in plasma physics and magnetic nuclear fusion. He was a professor of nuclear engineering at the University of California, Berkeley.

Nuclear engineering
Nuclear engineering is the engineering discipline concerned with designing and applying systems that utilize the energy released by nuclear processes.
The most prominent application of nuclear engineering is the generation of electricity. Worldwide, some 439 nuclear reactors in 31 countries generate 10 percent of the world's energy through nuclear fission. In the future, it is expected that nuclear fusion will add another nuclear means of generating energy. Both reactions make use of the nuclear binding energy released when atomic nucleons are either separated (fission) or brought together (fusion). The energy available is given by the binding energy curve, and the amount generated is much greater than that generated through chemical reactions. Fission of 1 gram of uranium yields as much energy as burning 3 tons of coal or 600 gallons of fuel oil, without adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
Rhandirmwyn
Rhandirmwyn (or Rhandir-mwyn) is a small village in the north east of Carmarthenshire, Wales. Located in the upper Towy valley, 3 km north of Cilycwm village, it extends on both sides of the river. It lies in the parish of Llanfair-ar-y-bryn.

The Nantymwyn Lead Mine, above the village, was in existence since Roman times, and closed in 1932. Tourism is now the main industry.

The village is also the location of Coleg Elidyr.

The Pwllpriddog Oak stands nearby.

River Towy
The River Towy, also known as the River Tywi (Welsh: Afon Tywi, IPA: [ˈtəwɪ]),  is one of the longest rivers flowing entirely within Wales. Its total length is 120 km (75 mi). It is noted for its sea trout and salmon fishing.
1987 Virginia Slims of Florida – Doubles
Kathy Jordan and Elizabeth Smylie were the two-time defending champions, but Jordan did not compete this year. Smylie teamed up with Jenny Byrne and lost in the first round to Bettina Bunge and Laura Gildemeister.

Svetlana Parkhomenko and Larisa Savchenko won the title by defeating Chris Evert and Pam Shriver 6–0, 3–6, 6–2 in the final.

Larisa Neiland
Larisa Savchenko-Neiland (Ukrainian: Лариса Савченко-Нейланд, Latvian: Larisa Savčenko-Neilande; née Savchenko; also Larisa Neiland; born 21 July 1966) is a tennis coach and former professional player who represented the Soviet Union and Latvia. A former world No. 1 doubles player, Neiland won six Grand Slam titles: two in women's doubles and four in mixed doubles. She also won two singles titles and 63 doubles titles on the WTA Tour. She is listed in fourth place for the most doubles match wins (766) in WTA history, after Lisa Raymond, Rennae Stubbs and Liezel Huber. Neiland has been the coach of Ukrainian tennis player Daria Snigur since 2017.
East Preston Street Burial Ground
East Preston Street Burial Ground is a burial ground in south Edinburgh holding graves from the 19th and 20th century. The graveyard is in the care of the City of Edinburgh Council. It stands at the junction of East Preston Street and Dalkeith Road. The property is a listed building.

City of Edinburgh Council
The City of Edinburgh Council (Scottish Gaelic: Comhairle Baile Dhùn Èideann) is the local government authority covering the City of Edinburgh council area. Almost half of the council area is the built-up area of Edinburgh, capital of Scotland. With a population of 530,680 in 2024, it is the second most populous local authority area in Scotland.

The council took on its current form in 1996 under the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994, replacing the City of Edinburgh District Council of the Lothian region, which had been created in 1975. The history of local government in Edinburgh, however, stretches back much further. Around 1130, David I made the town a royal burgh and a burgh council, based at the Old Tolbooth is recorded continuously from the 14th century.

The council is currently based in Edinburgh City Chambers with a main office nearby at Waverley Court.
Rafael Druian
Rafael Druian (January 20, 1923 – September 8, 2003), was an American violinist, conductor and music educator.   He is remembered for his tenures as concertmaster of the Dallas Symphony and Minneapolis Symphony under Antal Dorati, the Cleveland Orchestra under George Szell and the New York Philharmonic under Pierre Boulez.

Curtis Institute of Music
The Curtis Institute of Music is a private conservatory in Philadelphia. It offers a performance diploma, a Bachelor of Music, Master of Music in opera, and a Professional Studies Certificate in opera. All students attend on a full scholarship. The Institute also offers needs based financial aid to help cover living expenses.
Tennessee House of Representatives 1st district
The Tennessee House of Representatives 1st district in the United States is one of 99 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Tennessee General Assembly. The district is located in Sullivan County, covering parts of the cities of Kingsport and Bristol. The district has been represented by John Crawford, since 2017.

Tennessee General Assembly
The Tennessee General Assembly (TNGA) is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is a part-time bicameral legislature consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The Speaker of the Senate carries the additional title and office of Lieutenant Governor of Tennessee. In addition to passing a budget for state government plus other legislation, the General Assembly appoints three state officers specified by the state constitution. It is also the initiating body in any process to amend the state's constitution.
Vero Beach, Florida
Vero Beach is a city in and the county seat of Indian River County, Florida, United States. According to the 2020 census, the city had a population of 16,354. Nicknamed "The Hibiscus City", Vero is situated about 85 miles (137 km) southeast of Orlando along the Indian River Lagoon and the Atlantic Ocean on Florida's Treasure Coast. Because it is located about 65 miles (105 km) north of West Palm Beach at the northern end of the South Florida region, the city has adopted two similar mottos "The Gateway to the Tropics" and "Where the Tropics Begin".

Vero Beach was named the 7th Best Small Beach Town in Florida by Southern Living Magazine in 2023. The main roadways in the city are U.S. Route 1, Florida State Road A1A, and Florida State Road 60 (20th Street), which has its eastern terminus at Sexton Plaza in the city.

Hibiscus
Hibiscus is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae. The genus is quite large, comprising several hundred species that are native to warm temperate, subtropical and tropical regions throughout the world. Member species are renowned for their large, showy flowers and those species are commonly known simply as "hibiscus", or less widely known as rose mallow. The genus includes both annual and perennial herbaceous plants, as well as woody shrubs and small trees.

Several species are widely cultivated as ornamental plants, notably Hibiscus syriacus and Hibiscus × rosa-sinensis.
Tony Gowland
Anthony J Gowland, known as Tony Gowland (born 13 May 1945  in Hendon, London) is an English former competitive track cyclist, and a former six-day rider. He was a professional cyclist between 1968 and 1978.

Gowland was a talented track rider as an amateur before turning professional for Carlton, a subsidiary of Raleigh. Turning professional allowed him to ride the London Six, often called the Skol Six, in 1968. He signed his contract, with organiser Ron Webb, in the office of Cycling Weekly in Fleet Street, London. In 1971 he came second in London and won in Montreal, with Gianni Motta of Italy. In 1972 he won the London Six with the Belgian rider, Patrick Sercu.

In 1978 Gowland held a training session at Harlow for riders interested in riding six-day races. They were called the Tony Gowland Master Class and almost all the Harlow club riders turned out.

Gowland lives in Bovingdon, Hertfordshire.

Harlow
Harlow is a town and local government district located in the west of Essex, England. Harlow was a small town until the mid-20th century. In 1947 it was designated as a new town. Housing estates, industrial areas and a new town centre were subsequently developed, lying mostly to the west and south of the old town, which became known as Old Harlow.

The town lies on the south bank of the River Stort, which also forms the county boundary with Hertfordshire. The M11 motorway passes to the east of the town. At the 2021 census the Harlow built up area had a population of 93,580 and the local government district had a population of 93,300.
Karunanayake
Karunanayake is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kamal Karunanayake (1937–2006), Sri Lankan politician

Nipun Karunanayake (born 1991), Sri Lankan cricketer

Ravi Karunanayake (born 1963), Sri Lankan politician

Shalika Karunanayake (born 1987), Sri Lankan cricketer

Kamal Karunanayake
Professor Kamal Karunanayake (29 May 1937 - 18 November 2006) was a former MP, who represented the People's Alliance as a National List member from 1989 to 1994.

After Karunanayake was educated at Nalanda College Colombo and obtained a BA (Hons) degree in Economics from the Peradeniya University in 1962. He received a doctorate from the Birmingham University in England in 1969. In 2002 he retired as the Professor of Economics and the Director of the Centre for Development Studies at the University of Kelaniya.

Since November 2006, he served as the Senior Presidential Advisor in Economics contributing to the formulation of the Mahinda Chintana policy.
Little Trefoil Island
Little Trefoil Island  is a small island with an area of 0.64 ha, in south-eastern Australia. It is part of Tasmania’s Trefoil Island Group, lying close to Cape Grim, Tasmania's most north-westerly point, in Bass Strait.

Bass Strait
Bass Strait is a strait separating the island state of Tasmania from the Australian mainland (more specifically the coast of Victoria, with the exception of the land border across Boundary Islet). The strait provides the most direct waterway between the Great Australian Bight and the Tasman Sea, and is also the only maritime route into the economically prominent Port Phillip Bay.

Formed 8,000 years ago by rising sea levels at the end of the last glacial period, the strait was named after English explorer and physician George Bass (1771–1803) by European colonists.
The Real Housewives of New Jersey season 4
The fourth season of The Real Housewives of New Jersey, an American reality television series, was broadcast on Bravo. It aired from April 22, 2012 until October 21, 2012, and was primarily filmed in Franklin Lakes, New Jersey. Its executive producers are Rebecca Toth Diefenbach, Valerie Haselton, Lucilla D'Agostino, Jim Fraenkel, Omid Kahangi, Caroline Self, Tess Gamboa Meyers and Andy Cohen.

The Real Housewives of New Jersey focuses on the lives of Teresa Giudice, Jacqueline Laurita, Caroline Manzo, Melissa Gorga and Kathy Wakile. It consisted of twenty-four episodes.

Kathy Wakile
Katherina Wakile (née Pierri; born October 4, 1965) is an American reality television personality. She starred in the Bravo series The Real Housewives of New Jersey, which features the lives of her and her family members.
HMS Thrush (1806)
HMS Thrush was launched in 1794 as the Prince of Wales, which served the Customs Service as a revenue brig. In 1806 the British Admiralty purchased her and the Royal Navy renamed her HMS Thrush as there was already an HMS Prince of Wales in service. Thrush spent her brief active service on the Jamaica Station. She was converted to a powder hulk in late 1809 and foundered at Port Royal in 1815; she was salvaged, and sold.

Hulk (ship type)
A hulk is a ship that is afloat, but incapable of going to sea. 'Hulk' may be used to describe a ship that has been launched but not completed, an abandoned wreck or shell, or a ship whose propulsion system is no longer maintained or has been removed altogether. The word hulk also may be used as a verb: a ship is "hulked" to convert it to a hulk. The verb was also applied to crews of Royal Navy ships in dock, who were sent to the receiving ship for accommodation, or "hulked". Hulks have a variety of uses such as housing, prisons, salvage pontoons, gambling sites, naval training, or cargo storage.

In the age of sail, many hulls served longer as hulks than they did as functional ships. Wooden ships were often hulked when the hull structure became too old and weak to withstand the stresses of sailing.

More recently, ships have been hulked when they become obsolete or when they become uneconomical to operate.