hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Columbia College, Columbia University
Columbia College is the oldest undergraduate college of Columbia University, a private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhattan, it is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York and the fifth oldest in the United States.

Columbia was established as a colonial college by royal charter under George II of Great Britain. It was renamed Columbia College in 1784 following the American Revolution, and in 1787 was placed under a private board of trustees headed by alumni Alexander Hamilton and John Jay.

Columbia College is distinctive for its comprehensive Core Curriculum and is among the most selective of American colleges, with an admission rate of 3.85% in 2024.

Colonial colleges
The colonial colleges are nine institutions of higher education founded in the Thirteen Colonies, predating the United States. As the only American universities old enough to have alumni that participated in the American Revolution and the founding of the United States, these schools have been identified as a group for their influence on U.S. history.

While all nine colonial colleges were founded as private institutions, two later became public universities: the College of William & Mary in 1906, and Rutgers University in 1945. The remaining seven are all members of the Ivy League and remain private to the present day: Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Columbia, Penn, Brown, and Dartmouth.
Hess Old Style
Hess Old Style is an old style serif font, designed by Sol Hess for Lanston Monotype based on designs of Nicolas Jenson from 1479.  It was released in 1920 with a companion italic made available in 1923.  It was intended by Monotype to compete with ATF's popular Cloister Old Style, but it is both neater and heavier, making it more suitable for hard-finish papers. Like most Jenson-inspired designs, it has a tilted cross-stroke on the 'e'.

Font
In metal typesetting, a font is a particular size, weight, and style of a typeface, defined as the set of fonts that share an overall design.
For instance, the typeface Bauer Bodoni (shown in the figure) includes fonts "Roman" (or "regular"), "bold" and "italic"; each of these exists in a variety of sizes.  In traditional printing, fonts were physically created using metal or wood type, with a font for each size.

In the digital description of fonts (computer fonts), the terms font and typeface are often used interchangeably. For example, when used in computers, each style is stored in a separate digital font file. Most are scalable fonts, so all sizes of a style are encompassed in one font.

In both traditional typesetting and digital design, the term font refers to a specific style or version of a typeface.
Old Michigan City Light
The Old Michigan City Light is a decommissioned lighthouse located in the harbor of Michigan City, Indiana.

Built in 1858 at a cost of $8,000, this lighthouse, replaced an 1837 brick & stone light built at the edge of Lake Michigan.  It was the second light at the site, and the predecessor to the Michigan City East Light, to which the lantern, lens and light were moved in 1904; it being the new light at the end of the newly extended pier.

It was remodeled in 1904.  Seven Lighthouse keepers and fourteen assistant keepers served here from 1837 to 1940.

A fourth order Fresnel lens is on display.

It is one of a dozen past or present lighthouses in Indiana.

Lighthouse keeper
A lighthouse keeper or lightkeeper is a person responsible for tending to and caring for a lighthouse, particularly the light and lens in the days when oil lamps and clockwork mechanisms were used. Lighthouse keepers were sometimes referred to as "wickies" because of their job trimming the wicks.
Dunoon Castle
Dunoon Castle is a ruined castle in Dunoon, Argyll and Bute, Scotland. The castle sat upon a cone-shaped hill about 80 feet (24 m) high.  Very little remains of the castle's structure today. Castle House, built in 1822, stands a few yards north of the castle ruins.

The remains of the castle, and a surrounding area, are a scheduled monument.

The castle was a royal residence in the 14th century, and in the 17th century fell into ruins.

Argyll and Bute
Argyll and Bute (Scots: Argyll an Buit; Scottish Gaelic: Earra-Ghàidheal agus Bòd, pronounced [ɛrˠəˈɣɛːəl̪ˠ akəs̪ ˈpɔːtʲ]) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland and a lieutenancy area. The current lord-lieutenant for Argyll and Bute is Jane Margaret MacLeod (14 July 2020). The administrative centre for the council area is in Lochgilphead at Kilmory Castle, a 19th-century Gothic Revival building and estate. The current council leader is Councillor Jim Lynch.

Argyll and Bute covers the second-largest administrative area of any Scottish council. The council area adjoins those of Highland, Perth and Kinross, Stirling and West Dunbartonshire.
Zdeněk Doležal
Zdeněk Doležal (born 1 September 1931) is a Czech former pair skater who competed internationally for Czechoslovakia. With his skating partner, Věra Suchánková, he is the 1958 World silver medalist and a two-time European champion (1957, 1958). They represented Czechoslovakia at the 1956 Winter Olympics and placed 8th.

Doležal was born on 1 September 1931 in Prague. His sports club was Rapid Pardubice. In 2016, Pardubice named him as one of the athletes to be included in the city's planned sports hall of fame.

1958 World Figure Skating Championships
The World Figure Skating Championships is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion.
The 1958 competitions for men, ladies, pair skating, and ice dancing took place from February 13 to 15 in Paris, France.
It was the first time that a team from the Soviet Union entered the competition.
Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actor in a Musical
The Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actor in a Musical was an annual award presented by Drama Desk in recognition of achievements in theatre across collective Broadway, off-Broadway and off-off-Broadway productions in New York City. The award was one of eight new acting awards first presented in 1975, when Drama Desk retired an earlier award that had made no distinction between work in plays and musicals, nor between actors and actresses, nor between lead performers and featured performers.

After the 2022 ceremony, all eight acting categories introduced in 1975 were retired. The award for Outstanding Featured Actor in a Musical, along with Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical, were replaced in 2023 with the gender neutral category of Outstanding Featured Performance in a Musical.

Gender neutrality
Gender neutrality (adjective form: gender-neutral), also known as gender-neutralism or the gender neutrality movement, is the idea that policies, language, and other social institutions (social structures and gender roles) should avoid distinguishing roles according to people's sex or gender. This is to avoid discrimination arising from the impression that there are social roles for which one gender is more suited than another. The disparity in gender equality throughout history has had a significant impact on many aspects of society, including marketing, toys, education and parenting techniques. To increase gender neutrality in recent years, there has been a societal emphasis on using inclusive language and advocating for equality.
Ragnar Halvorsen
Ragnar Halvorsen (23 May 1924 – 15 February 2019) was a Norwegian businessman and organizational leader.

Halvorsen was born in Fredrikstad to Alf Ragnvald Halvorsen and Ellen Fredrikke Jensen, and married Anna Ødegård in 1949.

He was assigned with the dynamite production company Norsk Sprængstofindustri/Dyno Industrier from 1961 to 1995, as CEO from 1981 to 1987, and chairman of the board from 1987 to 1995. During this period Dyno developed into a major international company, with subsidiaries in about forty countries. Halvorsen chaired the Norwegian Export Council from 1987. He was the first President of the employers' organization Confederation of Norwegian Enterprise, for four years from its foundation in 1989 through a merge between the Norwegian Employers' Confederation and the Federation of Norwegian Industries. He was decorated Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 1987.

Employers' organization
An employers' organization or employers' association is a collective organization of manufacturers, retailers, or other employers of wage labor. Employers' organizations seek to coordinate the behavior of their member companies in matters of mutual interest, such as during negotiations with trade unions or government bodies. Employers' organizations operate like trade unions and promote the economic and social interests of its member organizations.
1950–51 Gold Cup
The 1950–51 Gold Cup was the 32nd edition of the Gold Cup, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.

The tournament was won by Linfield for the 15th time and 3rd consecutive season, defeating Glentoran 5–1 in the final at Solitude.

Solitude (football ground)
Solitude is a football stadium in north Belfast, Northern Ireland. Home ground of Ireland's oldest football club, Cliftonville, it is the oldest football stadium in Ireland. The stadium holds 6,224, but is currently restricted to 2,530 under safety legislation with the old main stand now closed.

The stadium was built in 1890 and has undergone several renovations. In 2002, a new stand was built at one end of the ground to house visiting supporters and, in 2008, a new stand was completed behind the goal at the east end of the ground. A synthetic 3G pitch was installed to replace the previous grass surface in 2010.
Slough Trading Estate
The Slough Trading Estate, founded in Slough in Buckinghamshire in 1920, is a business park in Britain. According to the estate's owners and operators, Segro, Slough Trading Estate consists of 2 km2 of commercial property in Slough and provides 0.7 km2 of accommodation to 500 businesses and has a working population of about 20 000 people. Slough Trading Estate is the largest industrial estate in single private ownership in Europe. The estate is home to over 600 buildings and 400 tenants from countries such as the US, France, Italy, Japan, Germany, and South Korea. Companies using the park include Fiat, Centrica, Hibu, Electrolux, GSK, Mars Confectionery, Akzo Nobel, Virgin Media, O2, AxFlow UK, the datacentre operator Network-i and OKI Printing Solutions. It is also home to important small, medium, and large businesses.

The estate's power station supplies heat and power to local customers by burning waste.

Hibu
Hibu Inc. (styled hibü) is a provider of web development and hosting, digital listings and reputation management, search engine and social media marketing, and digital advertisements to small-and medium-sized businesses. Hibu is headquartered in Cedar Rapids, IA with other operations hubs in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania and Columbus, Ohio.

In 2021, private equity investment firm H.I.G. Capital acquired Hibu Inc. from Yell Group Limited.

In August 2024, Hibu Inc. acquired RevLocal, a Columbus, Ohio–based firm specializing in digital marketing strategies for local, small- and medium-sized businesses as well as for multi-location regional and national brands. The deal represents a notable extension in Hibu’s targeted reach within the broader small business marketplace.
Moon craters with Japanese names
There are a number of objects in the Solar System that have been named after Japanese people or places. Many of these are craters on the terrestrial planets.

Asada (crater)

Hatanaka (crater)

Hirayama (crater)

Murakami (crater)

Nagaoka (crater)

Naonobu (crater)

Yamamoto (crater)

Nishina (crater)

Kimura (crater)

Onizuka (crater)

Kimura (crater)
Kimura is a small impact crater that is located on the Moon's far side, beyond the southeastern limb. It lies to the west-northwest of the crater Fechner, along the northeastern rim of an unnamed basin in the surface.

This is a relatively fresh feature that has not been significantly worn through impact erosion. The rim is sharp edged, and the inner walls slope downward to the interior without forming terraces. The perimeter is roughly circular, with the northeast and southwest edges being slightly straightened. The interior floor has an irregular perimeter, and is somewhat irregular in contour with a few tiny craterlets.

The crater's name, in honor of Hisashi Kimura, was adopted by the IAU in 1970.
Strange Experiences
Strange Experiences is a British fantasy, horror TV series starring Peter Williams as a storyteller who talks about the strange things that have happened during his life. The series aired on ITV from 24 September 1955 to 15 June 1962. The series also included performances from Peter Sallis, Michael Shepley, Theodore Bikel, John Wood, Elspet Gray, Hugh Latimer, Josephine Griffin, Arthur Howard, and Ian Whittaker.

Michael Shepley
Arthur Michael Shepley-Smith (29 September 1907 – 28 September 1961), known professionally as Michael Shepley, was a British actor, appearing in theatre, film, and some television between 1929 and 1961. He played Inspector Stark, in the 1957 television series, Dick and the Duchess.

He was born in Plymouth, Devon. Shepley made his screen début in the 1931 Twickenham Studios film Black Coffee. He went on to appear in more than sixty films, the last of which was Don't Bother to Knock in 1961, the year of his death.
Busan Bay
Busan Bay (Korean: 부산만) is a bay located in the southern Busan, South Korea. The entrance of the bay opens to the southeast, and leads to the Korea Strait.

The bay has a number of islands in it, including Oryukdo, Yeongdo, Dudo, and Jodo.

Korea Strait
34°35′58″N 129°47′48″E﻿ / ﻿34.59944°N 129.79667°E﻿ / 34.59944; 129.79667

The Korea Strait is a sea passage in East Asia between the Korean Peninsula and Japan. It connects the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan in the northwest Pacific Ocean. The strait is split by Tsushima Island into two parts: the Western Channel, and the Tsushima Strait or Eastern Channel. It is economically important, as many shipping lanes pass through the strait, and both Japan and South Korea allow free passage through it.

In ancient times, both Buddhism and Mongol invaders passed over the strait to reach Japan. More recently, it was the site of the 1950 Battle of Korea Strait during the Korean War. A tunnel running underneath the strait connecting Japan and Korea, the Japan–Korea Undersea Tunnel, has been proposed to connect the two countries.
The Mysterious Geographic Explorations of Jasper Morello
The Mysterious Geographic Explorations of Jasper Morello is a 2005 Australian animated short film. It was developed and produced in association with the Australian Film Commission; developed and produced with the assistance of Film Victoria and produced in association with SBS Independent. It was supposed to be succeeded by three other feature films: Jasper Morello and the return of Claude Belgon, Jasper Morello and the Ghost of ALTO MEA, and Jasper Morello and the Ebeneza of Gothia.

Special Broadcasting Service
The Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) is an Australian hybrid-funded public service broadcaster that receives about 80 percent of its funding from tax revenue. SBS operates six TV channels (SBS, SBS Viceland, SBS World Movies, SBS Food, NITV and SBS WorldWatch) and seven radio networks (SBS Radios 1, 2 and 3, Arabic 24, SBS Chill, SBS South Asian and SBS PopAsia). SBS is also home to SBS On Demand; a video streaming service.

The stated purpose of SBS is "to provide multilingual and multicultural radio and television services that inform, educate, and entertain all Australians and, in doing so, reflect Australia's multicultural society". SBS is one of five main free-to-air networks in Australia.

SBS was founded in 1975 as a radio network and launched its television channel in 1980. In-show advertising commenced in 2006 with commercial breaks spanning five minutes per hour. SBS's most successful imported television series is South Park.
Florent Perrier
Florent Perrier (born 26 June 1973) is a French ski mountaineer.

Perrier was born in Arêches, where he is member of the Club Multisports Arêches-Beaufort. In 2004, he joined the French national selection. In 2008, he was president of the athletes' committee of competition ski mountaineering in the Management Committee of the Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme (UIAA).

Vertical race
A vertical race is a special kind of ski mountaineering without the typical downhill skiing after ascending. At the mountain running and climbing passages the runners have to carry their skis in their backpacks. Vertical races for women and men are part of all international ski mountaineering competitions of the International Council for Ski Mountaineering Competitions as well as at many national competitions.  The Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme (UIAA)is working toward the goal of having vertical race become an Olympic discipline at the 2018 Winter Olympics, .
3-PPP
3-PPP (N-n-propyl-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)piperidine) is a mixed sigma σ1 and σ2 receptor agonist (with similar affinity for both subtypes, though slightly higher affinity for the latter) and D2 receptor partial agonist which is used in scientific research. It shows stereoselectivity in its pharmacodynamics. (+)-3-PPP is the enantiomer that acts as an agonist of the sigma receptors; it is also an agonist of both D2 presynaptic and postsynaptic receptors. Conversely, (−)-3-PPP, also known as preclamol (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name), acts as an agonist of presynaptic D2 receptors but as an antagonist of postsynaptic D2 receptors, and has antipsychotic effects. 3-PPP has also been reported to be a monoamine reuptake inhibitor and possibly to act at adrenergic receptors or some other non-sigma receptor.

Sigma-2 receptor
The sigma-2 receptor (σ2R) is a sigma receptor subtype that has attracted attention due to its involvement in diseases such as neurological diseases, neurodegenerative, neuro-ophthalmic and cancer. It is currently  under investigation for its potential diagnostic and therapeutic uses.

Although the sigma-2 receptor was identified as a separate pharmacological entity from the sigma-1 receptor in 1990, the gene that codes for the receptor was identified as TMEM97 only in 2017. TMEM97 was shown to regulate the cholesterol transporter NPC1 and to be involved in cholesterol homeostasis. The sigma-2 receptor is a four-pass transmembrane protein located in the endoplasmic reticulum. It has been found to play a role in both hormone signaling and calcium signaling, in neuronal signaling, in cell proliferation and death, and in binding of antipsychotics.
Xavier Brunson
Xavier T. Brunson is a United States Army general who has served as the commander of United Nations Command, ROK/US Combined Forces Command and United States Forces Korea since 20 December 2024. He most recently served as the commanding general of I Corps from 2021 to 2024. He previously served as deputy commanding general of I Corps from May to September 2021, and commanding general of the 7th Infantry Division from 2019 to 2021, with assignments as chief of staff of XVIII Airborne Corps from 2017 to 2019 and deputy commanding general for operations of the 10th Mountain Division from 2016 to 2017.

A native of Fayetteville, North Carolina, Brunson enrolled in Reid Ross High School. Brunson holds a bachelor's degree in political science from Hampton University (where he earned his commission in 1990), a master's degree in human resources from Webster University, and a master's degree in national security and strategic studies from the United States Army War College.

XVIII Airborne Corps
The XVIII Airborne Corps is a corps of the United States Army that has been in existence since 1942 and saw extensive service during World War II. The corps is designed for rapid deployment anywhere in the world and is referred to as "America's Contingency Corps." Its headquarters are at Fort Bragg, North Carolina.
Auriaria
In the mythology of Kiribati, Auriaria is a red-haired giant chieftain and demigod from Samoa.

According to legend, Auriaria fell in love with the beautiful red-haired woman, Nei Tituaabine, but had no children. She died, and from her grave grew three trees: a coconut from her head, a pandanus from her heels and an almond from her navel.  She became a tree goddess.

Navel
The navel (clinically known as the umbilicus; pl.: umbilici or umbilicuses; also known as the belly button) is a protruding, flat, or hollowed area on the abdomen at the attachment site of the umbilical cord.
TMG I
TMG I is the first studio album by the Japan-based supergroup Tak Matsumoto Group, released on June 23, 2004. Eric Martin and Jack Blades, of Mr. Big and Night Ranger fame respectively, wrote all of the lyrics, while Tak Matsumoto, the founder of the band and of B’z fame, was responsible for all of the music. The album topped the Oricon Albums Chart, selling over 90,000 copies, while the single "Oh Japan ~Our Time Is Now~" reached number 3 on the Oricon Singles Chart with 98,346 copies and was the 95th best-selling single of the year.

Oh Japan (Our Time Is Now)
"Oh Japan (Our Time Is Now)" (stylized as "Oh Japan ~Our Time Is Now~") is the only single by Japan-based supergroup Tak Matsumoto Group, released on March 31, 2004. It was used as the theme song for TV Asahi Network Sports 2004.

The single debuted at number 3 on the Oricon Singles Chart and was the 95th best-selling single of 2004. It later went gold in April.
Langarota Mosque
The Langarota Mosque is an architectural monument located in the village of Katta Langar in the Qashqadaryo region of Uzbekistan, dating back to the first half of the 16th century. The mosque is typical of the mountainous regions of Central Asia and consists of two rooms and a veranda at the entrance.

Qashqadaryo Region
Qashqadaryo Region is one of the regions of Uzbekistan, located in the south-eastern part of the country in the basin of the river Qashqadaryo and on the western slopes of the Pamir-Alay mountains. It borders with Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Samarqand Region, Bukhara Region and Surxondaryo Region. It covers an area of 28,570 km2. The population is an estimated 3,408,345 (2022), with 57% living in rural areas. The regional capital is Qarshi (278,300 inhabitants).
Hülya Avşar
Hülya Avşar (born 10 October 1963) is a Turkish-Kurdish actress, singer, businesswoman and former beauty pageant titleholder. She is best known for numerous films and hit revenge series "Kadın İsterse". Her international roles include Safiye Sultan in Muhteşem Yüzyıl: Kösem and Fatmagül in the movie Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne?.

Kanal D
Kanal D (English: Channel D) is a nationwide television channel in Turkey that is part of Demirören Group. It was founded by Ayhan Şahenk and Aydın Doğan in 1993.

The network has also run an international channel, Euro D, since 1996, which is available online, and had the first high definition channel in Turkey, Kanal D HD.

The text 'KANAL D' is not displayed in its Turkish broadcast. Only the blue earth section of the logo is displayed throughout commercial sections. Kanal D is broadcast via satellite to 27 countries.