hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Govind J. Chakrapani
Prof. Govind J. Chakrapani  born (18th May 1963) is an Indian geologist and former Vice Chancellor of Berhampur University in Odisha, India, who served there from 2019 to 2022. He joined  as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Earth Sciences at IIT Roorkee in January 1996 and held the same post till 2003. From 2003 to 2008, he held the post of Associate  Professor and as Professor since 2008. He was the Dean at the School of Ecology & Environment Studies and the Officiating Dean at the School of Buddhist Studies Nalanda University from 2017 to 2018.

IIT Bombay
The Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay or IITB) is a public research university and technical institute in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. The institute has 17 academic departments, 35 additional academic centres, and three schools.
Established in 1958, IIT Bombay was designated as an Institution of Eminence in 2018.
Thomas Hogan (MP)
Thomas Hogan, Huggen or Huggins (by 1521 – 7 March 1586), of East Bradenham, Norfolk, was an English politician.

He was the eldest son of Robert Hogan of East Bradenham and was educated at Trinity Hall, Cambridge (c. 1534) and admitted to Lincoln's Inn in 1539. He succeeded his father in 1547.

He was elected a Member of Parliament (MP) for New Shoreham in 1555, for King's Lynn in 1559, and for Thetford in 1571. He was a Justice of the Peace for Norfolk from 1569 until his death and was appointed High Sheriff of Norfolk for 1585–86, dying in office in March 1586.

He married twice; firstly Susan, with whom he had 2 sons and 2 daughters and secondly Anne, the daughter of Mr. Goddard.

Thetford (UK Parliament constituency)
Thetford was a constituency of the British House of Commons. It elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) by the bloc vote system of election. It was disenfranchised under the Representation of the People (Scotland) Act 1868, which had resulted in a net increase of seven seats in Scotland, offset by the disenfranchisement of seven English Boroughs.

Below are those MPs who held the seat from just prior to the Restoration onwards.
Dermot O'Neill (gardener)
Dermot O'Neill (9 March 1964 – 1 July 2022) was an Irish gardener and editor of Garden Heaven magazine. He appeared on several radio and television programmes for RTÉ and BBC Northern Ireland and contributed regular columns for Irish newspapers and magazines including the RTÉ Guide, The Irish Times, and the Sunday Independent.

RTÉ Guide
The RTÉ Guide is a television and radio listings magazine in Ireland published by RTÉ Commercial Enterprises Ltd, a subsidiary of Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ).

The magazine offers detailed programme listings for RTÉ channels, as well as Virgin Media One, TG4, Virgin Media Two, BBC One, BBC Two, UTV, and Channel 4, as well as less detailed listings for variations of BBC Wales, ITV Wales, S4C and a number of satellite and cable channels. RTÉ Radio programme listings are also published. Lifestyle and celebrity articles are also included in the magazine.
Carol Huddart
Carol Mahood Huddart is a Canadian legal scholar and former justice of the Supreme Court of British Columbia and British Columbia Court of Appeal. She initially practised in Ontario, later moving to Victoria, British Columbia, where she maintained a family law practice. She was first appointed to the bench in 1981, when she began serving on the County Court Bench in Vancouver. In 1987, she took up a position on the Supreme Court of British Columbia; in 1996, she was named to the Court of Appeal. Huddart took supernumerary status in 2003 and retired from the bench as of January 1, 2012.

Huddart has published several works on family law, including a book chapter on division of property and a guide to the practice of family law in British Columbia.

Division of property
Division of property, also known as equitable distribution, is a division of property and debt between spouses when the marital relationship is ending.  It may be done by agreement, through a property settlement, or by judicial decree.

Distribution of property is the division, due to a death or the dissolution of a marriage, of property which was owned by the deceased, or acquired during the course of the marriage.
Namrata Vaswani
Namrata Vaswani is an Indian-American electrical engineer known for her research in compressed sensing, robust principal component analysis, signal processing, statistical learning theory, and computer vision. She is a Joseph and Elizabeth Anderlik Professor in Electrical and Computer Engineering at Iowa State University, and (by courtesy) a professor of mathematics at Iowa State.

Compressed sensing
Compressed sensing (also known as compressive sensing, compressive sampling, or sparse sampling) is a signal processing technique for efficiently acquiring and reconstructing a signal by finding solutions to underdetermined linear systems. This is based on the principle that, through optimization, the sparsity of a signal can be exploited to recover it from far fewer samples than required by the Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem. There are two conditions under which recovery is possible. The first one is sparsity, which requires the signal to be sparse in some domain. The second one is incoherence, which is applied through the isometric property, which is sufficient for sparse signals. Compressed sensing has applications in, for example, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) where the incoherence condition is typically satisfied.
Kaghaz-e Akhbar
Kaghaz-e Akhbar (Persian: کاغذ اخبار; lit. "paper of news") was a monthly newspaper published in Qajar Iran.

Publishing its first issue on 1 May 1837, it was the first newspaper to be published in Iran.

The newspaper's creation was ordered by Mohammad Shah Qajar and was directed by Mirza Saleh Shirazi in Tehran. It did not have a specific name and was a direct translation of the English word "newspaper" into Persian. The first issue included news such as the actions of the Shah, the defeating of the Turkmen Gokalan and Yomut tribes and forced migration of their women and children to the Iranian capital of Tehran.

Although the newspaper was published every month without an interruption for at least three years, only a few scattered copies remain, with only two copies held in the British library.

Yomut
The Yomut (Turkmen: Ýomut,  Persian: یَمود/یُمود ) is a large ethnographic group within the Turkmen people and historically one of the five major tribes of Turkmenistan. The Yomut have maintained a distinct cultural identity and continue to live primarily in Turkmenistan, Iran, and Uzbekistan.

The earliest depictions and descriptions of the Yomut date back to the 16th century. The first official guidebook about the Yomut and the neighboring ethnic groups was written by Clement Augustus de Bode, titled On the Yamud and Goklan Tribes of Turkomania.
Hermann Springer
Hermann Springer (4 December 1908 in Zurich– 12 December 1978) was a Swiss footballer who played for Switzerland in the 1938 FIFA World Cup. He also played for FC Blue Stars Zürich and Grasshopper Club Zürich.

1938 FIFA World Cup
The 1938 FIFA World Cup was the 3rd edition of the World Cup, the quadrennial international football championship for senior men's national teams. It was held in France from 4 to 19 June 1938. Italy defended its title in the final, beating Hungary 4–2. Italy's 1934 and 1938 teams hold the distinction of being the only men's national team to win the World Cup multiple times under the same coach, Vittorio Pozzo. It would be the last World Cup until 1950 as the 1942 and 1946 World Cups were cancelled due to World War II.
Sankaty
Sankaty (a.k.a. HMCS Sankaty, a.k.a. Charles A. Dunning) was a propeller-driven steamer that served as a ferry to Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket in Massachusetts; in Rockland, Maine; Stamford, Connecticut and Oyster Bay, Long Island in the United States from 1911 to 1940. During World War II, the ship was requisitioned by the Royal Canadian Navy for service as a minelayer and maintenance vessel along the Canadian Atlantic coast. Following the war the ship returned to a ferry, working the  Wood Islands, Prince Edward Island and Caribou, Nova Scotia route in Canada from 1947 until 1964. While being towed to the breaker's yard, the ship sank off the coast of Nova Scotia on October 27, 1964.

Caribou, Nova Scotia
Caribou is a small community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in Pictou County. It is populated by an estimated 103 people as of 2024.

Located on the Northumberland Strait northwest of the town of Pictou, Caribou is named after the Woodland Caribou which used to live in Nova Scotia.  Nearby geographic locations using the name include Caribou Harbour, Caribou Island, Central Caribou and Caribou River.

Caribou became an important port after it was selected by the federal government in the late 1930s to be the Nova Scotia terminal for a seasonal ferry service to Wood Islands in eastern Prince Edward Island.  The service, operated by Northumberland Ferries Limited since its inception in 1941, carries passenger, vehicle and truck traffic to Wood Islands, Prince Edward Island between May and December.
Caribou also hosts a small passenger-only seasonal ferry service to Pictou Island, departing from the small craft fishing harbour adjacent to the NFL ferry terminal.
Savar DOHS
Savar DOHS (Defence Officers Housing Scheme) is a residential neighborhood for defence service officers located near Savar Cantonment in Ashulia Thana, Savar Upazila,  Dhaka, Bangladesh. The DOHS is under the management of Savar Cantonment Board which is headed by Brigadier General Tofail Mostafa Sarwar. The total area of Savar DOHS is 72.47 acres with 445 plots. Brigadier General S M Farhad is the president of Savar DOHS.

On 3 June 2012, Savar DOHS was founded on land previously used by Bangladesh Army for driving instructions.

Tofayel Mustafa Sorwar
Tofayel Mustafa Sorwar, BPMS, psc is a Bangladesh Army brigadier general and the former additional director general (operations) at the Rapid Action Battalion (RAB), an elite multi-service unit of the Bangladesh Police. He has been sanctioned by the U.S. Department of the Treasury for human rights violation at RAB during his time at the agency.
2023 Balearic Island Council elections
The 2023 Balearic Island Council elections were held on Sunday, 28 May 2023, to elect the 12th Island Councils of Mallorca and Menorca and the 5th Island Councils of Formentera and Ibiza. All 76 seats in the four Island Councils were up for election. They were held concurrently with regional elections in twelve autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain.

Menorca
Menorca or Minorca (from Latin: Insula Minor, lit. 'smaller island', later Minorica) is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain. Its name derives from its size, contrasting it with nearby Mallorca (Majorca). Its capital is Maó, situated on the island's eastern end, although Menorca is not a province and forms a political union with the other islands in the archipelago. Ciutadella de Menorca and Maó are the main ports and largest towns.

Per the Census of 1 January 2025, Menorca had a population of 102,477. Its highest point, a hill in the middle of the island named El Toro (from Catalan "turó" meaning hill), is 358 metres (1,175 feet) above sea level.
Xoán Paredes
Xoán M. Paredes (Galician: [ʃoˈaŋ paˈɾeðɪs]; born in 1975) is a Galician geographer, teacher and ordained druid (head of the organized Galician druidic movement).

Paredes is a licenciado in Geography by the University of Santiago de Compostela (Galicia), where he studied under the direction of Carlos Ferrás. He completed his MPhil thesis at University College Cork (Ireland), under the supervision of Patrick O'Flanagan.

Francesco Benozzo
Francesco Benozzo (22 February 1969 – 22 March 2025) was an Italian poet, musician and philologist. He worked as associate professor in philology at the University of Bologna, Italy, and was a visiting professor at the Bath Spa University, UK.

Benozzo was known for being an active dissident against the mass surveillance, with concrete protest actions that even led to his suspension from work for his rebellion against the power and in the name of freedom. His suspension from work due to his rebellion against the restrictions imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic by the Italian Government was reported on Italian media, as he was one of the only two university professors suspended in Italy for this reason. He was the founder of the Observatory Against State Surveillance, sponsored by the European centre for Science, Ethics, and Law. Benozzo died on 22 March 2025, at the age of 56.
Richard Oreffo
Richard Okagbue Chude Oreffo is a British–Nigerian physician and Professor of Musculoskeletal Science at the University of Southampton. His research considers skeletal biology and the fundamental mechanisms that underpin skeletal stem cell differentiation. In 2020, he launched the Cowrie Scholarship Foundation, which supports Black British students in their university studies.

Skeleton
A skeleton is the structural frame that supports the body of most animals. There are several types of skeletons, including the exoskeleton, which is a rigid outer shell that holds up an organism's shape; the endoskeleton, a rigid internal frame to which the organs and soft tissues attach; and the hydroskeleton, a flexible internal structure supported by the hydrostatic pressure of body fluids.

Vertebrates are animals with an endoskeleton centered around an axial vertebral column, and their skeletons are typically composed of bones and cartilages. Invertebrates are other animals that lack a vertebral column, and their skeletons vary, including hard-shelled exoskeleton (arthropods and most molluscs), plated internal shells (e.g. cuttlebones in some cephalopods) or rods (e.g. ossicles in echinoderms), hydrostatically supported body cavities (most), and spicules (sponges). Cartilage is a rigid connective tissue that is found in the skeletal systems of vertebrates and invertebrates.
Keratin 20
Keratin 20, often abbreviated CK20, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT20 gene.

Keratin 20 is a type I cytokeratin. It is a major cellular protein of mature enterocytes and goblet cells and is specifically found in the gastric and intestinal mucosa.

In immunohistochemistry, antibodies to CK20 can be used to identify a range of adenocarcinoma arising from epithelia that normally contain the CK20 protein. For example, the protein is commonly found in colorectal cancer, transitional cell carcinomas and in  Merkel cell carcinoma, but is absent in lung cancer, prostate cancer, and non-mucinous ovarian cancer. It is often used in combination with antibodies to CK7 to distinguish different types of glandular tumour.

Immunohistochemistry
Immunohistochemistry is a form of immunostaining. It involves the process of selectively identifying antigens in cells and tissue, by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in biological tissues. Albert Hewett Coons, Ernest Berliner, Norman Jones and Hugh J Creech was the first to develop immunofluorescence in 1941. This led to the later development of immunohistochemistry.

Immunohistochemical staining is widely used in the diagnosis of abnormal cells such as those found in cancerous tumors. In some cancer cells certain tumor antigens are expressed which make it possible to detect. Immunohistochemistry is also widely used in basic research, to understand the distribution and localization of biomarkers and differentially expressed proteins in different parts of a biological tissue.
Home of the Brave (play)
Home of the Brave is a 1945 play by Arthur Laurents. A film adaptation was made in 1949, directed by Mark Robson. The Broadway production was directed by Michael Gordon. The play opened at the Belasco Theater on December 27, 1945, and closed on February 23, 1946.

Mark Robson (film director)
Mark Robson (4 December 1913 – 20 June 1978) was a Canadian-American film director, producer, and editor. Robson began his 45-year career in Hollywood as a film editor. He later began working as a director and producer. He directed 34 films during his career, including Champion (1949), Bright Victory (1951), The Bridges at Toko-Ri (1954), Peyton Place (1957), The Inn of the Sixth Happiness (1958), Von Ryan's Express (1965), Valley of the Dolls (1967), and Earthquake (1974).

Robson was twice nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director – for Peyton Place and The Inn of the Sixth Happiness – as well as four nominations for the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing in Feature Films. Two of his films were nominated for the Cannes Film Festival's Palme d'Or. In 1960, he received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the motion picture industry.
Lucio Baccaro
Pasquale Vincenzo "Lucio" Baccaro (born in 1966 in Alberobello, Italy) is an Italian political economist and professor of Comparative Macro-Sociology at the University of Geneva. In 2017, he succeeded Wolfgang Streeck to become director at the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies next to Jens Beckert. His research lies in the fields of comparative political economy and industrial relations, focusing on growth models in the European Union.

Alberobello
Alberobello (Italian: [ˌalberoˈbɛllo]; literally "beautiful tree"; Barese: Ajarubbédde) is a small town and comune of the Metropolitan City of Bari, Apulia, southern Italy. It has 10,237 inhabitants (2022) and is famous for its unique trullo buildings. The trulli of Alberobello have been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996. Alberobello is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Severny Airport
Severny Airport (Russian: Аэропорт "Северный", English: Northern airport) (ICAO: UNCC) was a small airport in northern part of Novosibirsk, Russia. Opened in 1929, it was the only airport in Novosibirsk until Tolmachevo Airport opened in 1957. JSC "Novosibirsk Air Enterprise" was the main airline operating out of this airport, serving regional routes by An-2, An-24, An-26, An-30, and Let-410 aircraft.

Following the second bankruptcy of Novosibirsk Air Enterprise (after which the airline ceased operations) in 2010, the airport closed in February 2011. As of 2015, part of its airfield is used as a heliport for local police helicopters and a nearby aircraft maintenance facility.

Antonov An-26
The Antonov An-26 (NATO reporting name: Curl, nicknamed Nastia in the USSR) is a twin-engined turboprop regional airliner and military transport aircraft, designed and produced in the Soviet Union from 1969 to 1986. It is the third member of the Antonov An-24 family, coming after the An-24 and An-30, while preceding the An-32 and cancelled An-132. The An-26 is license-produced in China as the Xi'an Y-7.
Dummy Battery
Dummy Battery, originally known as Grain Battery, is a disused fortified gun battery located about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) south of the village of Grain, Kent at the confluence of the Rivers Thames and Medway. Completed in 1865, it supported two nearby coast artillery batteries at Grain Fort and Grain Wing Battery, a short distance to the north. The battery's arc of fire overlapped with Grain Tower just offshore and with Garrison Point Fort on the Isle of Sheppey across the other side of the Medway. It consisted of an earthwork with a concrete core supporting several gun emplacements with magazines below. It appears to have gone out of service as a battery by the time of the First World War, though it briefly took on a role in anti-aircraft defence. It was subsequently abandoned and was severely damaged by demolitions and the removal of its earthworks, leaving only the substantial remains of its concrete core standing today.

Isle of Grain
Isle of Grain (Old English Greon, meaning gravel) is a village and the easternmost point of the Hoo Peninsula within the district of Medway in Kent, south-east England. Once an island and now forming part of the peninsula, the area is almost all marshland and is a major habitat for diverse wetland birds. The village constitutes a civil parish, which at the 2011 census had a population of 1,648, a net decrease of 83 people in 10 years.
Ciarán Cuffe
Ciarán Cuffe (born 3 April 1963) is an Irish politician who has been co-chair of the European Green Party (EGP) since December 2024. He served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from Ireland for the Dublin constituency from July 2019 to July 2024. Cuffe is a member of the Irish Green Party, part of the EGP. He previously served as a Minister of State from 2010 to 2011. He was a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dún Laoghaire constituency from 2002 to 2011.

Dublin City Council
Dublin City Council (Irish: Comhairle Cathrach Bhaile Átha Cliath) is the local authority of the city of Dublin in Ireland. As a city council, it is governed by the Local Government Act 2001. Until 2001, the authority was known as Dublin Corporation. The council is responsible for public housing and community, roads and transportation, urban planning and development, amenity and culture and environment. The council has 63 elected members and is the largest local council in Ireland. Elections are held every five years and are by single transferable vote. The head of the council has the honorific title of Lord Mayor. The city administration is headed by a chief executive, Richard Shakespeare. The council meets at City Hall, Dublin.
Reversed glottal stop
The reversed glottal stop, ⟨ʕ⟩ (majuscule: ꟎, minuscule: ꟏, superscript: ˤ), is a letter of the Latin script. It is used to denote a voiced pharyngeal fricative and similar sounds, either as a caseless letter as in the International Phonetic Alphabet, or as a cased pair in the Pilagá alphabet. Like the glottal stop ⟨ʔ⟩, which is derived historically from an apostrophe, it derives from the reversed comma ⟨ʽ⟩, as does the half ring ⟨ʿ⟩.

Rough breathing
In the polytonic orthography of Ancient Greek, the  rough breathing (Ancient Greek: δασὺ πνεῦμα, romanized: dasỳ pneûma or δασεῖα daseîa;  Latin: spiritus asper) character is a diacritical mark used to indicate the presence of an /h/ sound before a vowel, diphthong, or after rho. It remained in the polytonic orthography even after the Hellenistic period, when the sound disappeared from the Greek language. In the monotonic orthography of Modern Greek phonology, in use since 1982, it is not used at all.

The absence of an /h/ sound is marked by the smooth breathing.

The character, or those with similar shape such as U+02BB ʻ MODIFIER LETTER TURNED COMMA, have also been used for a similar sound by Thomas Wade (and others) in the Wade–Giles system of romanization for Mandarin Chinese. Herbert Giles and others have used a left (opening) curved single quotation mark for the same purpose; the apostrophe, backtick, and visually similar characters are often seen as well.
Josaia Raisuqe
Josaia Wini Raisuqe (22 July 1994 – 8 May 2025) was a Fijian rugby union player. He played at wing and openside flanker for French Top 14 side Stade Français after which he played for the French Rugby Pro D2 side, Nevers and in 2021, he returned to Top14 rugby and played for Castres. In January 2025, he signed to play with ProD2 side, CA Brive for two years.

Castres Olympique
Castres Olympique (French pronunciation: [kastʁ ɔlɛ̃pik], CAST-(r)) is a French rugby union club located in the Occitanian city of Castres and is currently competing in the Top 14, the top level of the French league system.

Founded in 1898, the club took its current name in 1906. They play at the Stade Pierre-Fabre, which is one of the smallest in Top 14 with a capacity of 12,500. The team wear blue and white kits.

The team won five French top-division championships in 1949, 1950, 1993 (in a match decided by an irregular try accorded by the referee), 2013, and 2018 as well as one Coupe de France in 1948.