hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mihyun Kang
Mihyun Kang (Korean: 강미현) is a South Korean mathematician specializing in combinatorics, including graph enumeration and the topological properties of random graphs. She is a professor in the Institute of Discrete Mathematics at the Graz University of Technology.

Random graph
In mathematics, random graph is the general term to refer to probability distributions over graphs.  Random graphs may be described simply by a probability distribution, or by a random process which generates them. The theory of random graphs lies at the intersection between graph theory and probability theory. From a mathematical perspective, random graphs are used to answer questions about the properties of typical graphs. Its practical applications are found in all areas in which complex networks need to be modeled – many random graph models are thus known, mirroring the diverse types of complex networks encountered in different areas. In a mathematical context, random graph refers almost exclusively to the Erdős–Rényi random graph model. In other contexts, any graph model may be referred to as a random graph.
Live the Life (Fundisha song)
"Live the Life" is a 2002 song and debut single by Fundisha Johnson and features Jermaine Dupri. Co-written by Johnson and Dupri, Billboard called the song an "inspirational ditty about the ups and downs of life" with "a feel-good sound that is awfully catchy."

The song was first featured on the soundtrack to the film Hardball. It is also featured on her album Lessons, which was released by So So Def/Columbia Records.

Hardball (film)
Hardball is a 2001 American sports comedy-drama film co-produced and directed by Brian Robbins and starring Keanu Reeves in the main role, Diane Lane and D. B. Sweeney. The screenplay by John Gatins is based on the book Hardball: A Season in the Projects by Daniel Coyle. The original music score is composed by Mark Isham. The film was released on September 14, 2001, topping the box office the weekend after the September 11 attacks.
Dog Squad
Dog Squad is a reality TV show following working dogs and their handlers as they go about their daily duties. It is set in New Zealand and focuses on dog-handler pairs working for the Police, Department of Corrections, Customs, the CAA, Department of Conservation, and search and rescue.

Dog Squad currently airs between 8:00–8:30pm on Mondays on TV One. It was created by the same people who created Border Patrol. The first episode of Dog Squad aired on 25 July 2011. The show also screens in Australia on Channel 7, under the title Dog Patrol.

Department of Conservation (New Zealand)
The Department of Conservation (DOC; Māori: Te Papa Atawhai) is the public service department of New Zealand charged with the conservation of New Zealand's natural and historical heritage.

An advisory body, the New Zealand Conservation Authority (NZCA) is provided to advise DOC and its ministers.  In addition there are 15 conservation boards for different areas around the country that provide for interaction between DOC and the public.
Mauritian giant skink
The Mauritian giant skink (Leiolopisma mauritiana) is a large, extinct species of skink It was found only in Mauritius. It became extinct sometime in the 17th century, likely due to human-introduced predators.

Skink
Skinks are lizards that constitute the family Scincidae, which is part of the infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one of the most diverse families of lizards. Skinks are characterized by their smaller legs in comparison to typical lizards and are found in different habitats except arctic and subarctic regions.
Carswell impact structure
Carswell is an impact structure within the Athabasca Basin of the Canadian Shield in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. It is 39 kilometres (24 mi) in diameter and the age is estimated to be 115 ± 10 million years (Lower Cretaceous). The impact structure is exposed at the surface.

The central peak complex of faulted metamorphic rocks displays shatter cones, planar deformation features, pseudotachylyte veins, and impact melts and breccias.  There is also evidence of planar deformation features in quartz grains far to the south of the outer ring of present-day hills, which suggests the ring of hills are not the rim of the original crater but a peak ring within a much larger structure.  The Carswell Formation, composed of algal limestone, may have formed on seamounts elevated to near the surface as part of the peak ring.

Shatter cone
Shatter cones are rare geological features that are only known to form in the bedrock beneath meteorite impact craters or underground nuclear explosions. They are evidence that the rock has been subjected to a shock with pressures in the range of 2–30 GPa (290,000–4,350,000 psi).
Pyeongtaek nongak
Pyeongtaek nongak (Korean: 평택농악) refers to nongak, or Korean farmer's music, that has been performed and handed down in the Pyeongtaek region of Gyeonggi Province.

There are five types of nongak in Korea: Wootdari (웃다리) nongak of Gyeonggi and Chungcheong, Left Jeolla nongak, Right Jeolla nongak, Southeastern Korea (Yeongnam) nongak, and Eastern Gangwon-do (Yeongdong) nongak. Each nongak has its unique representation of Korean culture and has been recognized as an important intangible cultural asset in each region.

It was designated as the eleventh asset of the Important Intangible Cultural Property by the South Korean government on December 1, 1985. Since then, there have been many performances in and out of South Korea.

Yeongdong (region)
Yeongdong (Korean pronunciation: [jʌŋ.doŋ], Korean pronunciation: [ɾjɔŋ.dɤŋ], literally 'east of the passes') is the eastern, coastal region of Gangwon Province, South Korea and Kangwŏn Province, North Korea. It is divided from the inland Yeongseo region by the Taebaek Mountains.

Although Yeongseo describes the western half of the two provinces and Gwandong describes both halves together, "Yeongdong" is used much more frequently in South Korea than either of the other two names, and may be taken loosely to refer to the entire region.

The region's name lends itself to the Yeongdong Railway Line and Yeongdong Expressway, which are major transportation corridors connecting Seoul to Gangwon.
William Henry Porter (surgeon)
William Henry Porter (5 March 1790 – 27 April 1861) was President of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) in 1838. He was noted for his writing on the larynx and the trachea.

Porter graduated in arts from Trinity College Dublin in 1810. In January 1809, he was indentured to Sir Philip Crampton  and his studies continued in the RCSI medical school and the Meath Hospital. On 13 September 1814, he obtained the Letters Testimonial of the college, and on 10 November 1817, was elected a Member. In 1826 he became connected, as a teacher of anatomy and surgery, with the Park-street School of Medicine, and in 1837 he was elected Professor of Surgery to the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland.  He was Surgeon at the Meath Hospital and Consulting Surgeon at the City of Dublin Hospital.

His son, Sir George Hornidge Porter, was also a surgeon.

Park Street School of Medicine
Park Street School of Medicine was a private medical school in Dublin, Ireland.  It was founded on 32 Park Street (now Lincoln Place), Dublin, in 1824 by a group of renowned physicians, including Robert James Graves and Arthur Jacob.

The school was absorbed into the Trinity College medical school from 1856.

From 1850, St. Mark's Ophthalmic Hospital operated from the same site until it was combined to form the Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital in 1895.

In 1849, Professor Hugh Carlisle purchased the School's anatomy specimens for £500, which he relocated to Queen's College, Belfast.
2020 Portland, Oregon City Commission election
The 2020 Portland, Oregon, US City Commission elections were held on May 19, 2020, and November 3, 2020, with a special election on August 11, 2020.

Three positions were up for election. Positions 1 and 2 were open due to the retirement of Amanda Fritz and the death of Nick Fish, respectively. Position 4 was held by Chloe Eudaly, who lost re-election.

Portland has no term limits on officeholders.

Portland City Council (Oregon)
The Portland City Council (formerly the Portland City Commission) is the legislative body of the City of Portland in Oregon and forms part of the government of the city.

In January 2025, the city of Portland switched to a mayor–council form of government from a commission form of government, with elections held the prior November. The half of the city council began full four-year terms, while the other half of the city council started initial two-year terms to establish a staggered election cycle.

There are no term-limits for city councilors and they are all officially nonpartisan, although all current members of the council are members of the Democratic Party, and four of the councilors are members of the Democratic Socialists of America (DSA). Six councilors, including the four DSA members, are part of a progressive caucus that often votes as a bloc.
Jean-Jacques Bouchard
Jean-Jacques Bouchard (30 October 1606, in Paris – 26 August 1641, in Rome) was a French writer. He was the son of Jean Bouchard, Secretary of the King, and Claude Merceron, a relation of Gilles Ménage, from a recently ennobled family composed of judges. Bouchard was an author of erotic literature and notably published Confessions.

Erotic literature
The term erotic literature refers to fictional or factual stories and accounts of eros (passionate, romantic, or sexual relationships) intended to sexually arouse readers. This may overlap yet also contrast with erotica, which focuses more specifically on sexual feelings. Other common elements are satire and social criticism. Much erotic literature features erotic art to illustrate the text.

Although cultural disapproval of erotic literature has always existed, its circulation was not seen as a major problem before the invention of printing, as the costs of producing individual manuscripts limited distribution to a very small group of wealthy and literate readers. The invention of printing, in the 15th century, brought with it both a greater market and increasing restrictions, including censorship and legal restraints on publication on the grounds of obscenity. Because of this, much of the production of this type of material became clandestine.
Gwangju Songjeong station (Gwangju Metro)
Gwangju Songjeong station (Korean: 광주송정역, formerly Songjeong-ri station) is a station of Gwangju Metro Line 1 in Songjeong-dong, Gwangsan District, Gwangju, South Korea. The station is unrelated to the GwangjuSongjeong Station of Korail.

Gwangju Metro
Gwangju Metro (Korean: 광주 도시철도) is the rapid transit system of Gwangju, South Korea, operated by the Gwangju Metropolitan Rapid Transit Corporation (GRTC, or Gwangju Metro). The subway network first opened in 2004 with 14 stations. The Gwangju Metro consists of one line, serving 20 operational stations, and operating on 20.1 kilometres (12.5 mi) of route. It crosses both of the major rivers in Gwangju, the Yeongsan River and the Hwangryong River. Most of the system is underground, except for the sections between Sotae-Nokdong and Pyeongdong-Dosan.
Clyde 1 (Ayrshire)
Clyde 1 Ayrshire, formerly West FM, is an Independent Local Radio station based in Glasgow, Scotland, owned and operated by Bauer Media Audio UK. It is a part of the Hits Radio network. It broadcasts to Ayrshire and South West Scotland.

Independent Local Radio
Independent Local Radio is the collective name given to commercial radio stations in the United Kingdom.

As a result of the buyouts and mergers permitted by the Broadcasting Act 1990, deregulation resulting from the Communications Act 2003 and further deregulation from the Media Act 2024, most commercial stations are now neither independent (although they remain independent from the BBC) nor local, as almost all of them are now relays of a national brand, with remaining locality reduced to nothing more than localised commercials, news (which may be from the approved area region), weather and peak-time travel information. Radio stations are licensed and regulated by OfCom.

The same name is used for Independent Local Radio in Ireland.
Died Young, Stayed Pretty
Died Young, Stayed Pretty is a 2008 documentary movie on underground indie-rock poster art and its subculture. The film was written, directed and produced by Eileen Yaghoobian who filmed on location in 30 different states from 2004 to 2007. It features posters for Radiohead, White Stripes, Arcade Fire, The Flaming Lips, The Melvins, Nick Cave, Broken Social Scene, Black Keys, Sonic Youth, Pearl Jam, Queens of the Stone Age, Bob Dylan and Marianne Faithfull. Poster artists whose work appear in the film include Ames Bros, Amy Jo Hendrickson, Dan Grzeca, Methane Studios, Todd Slater and Zachary Hobbs.

Brian Chippendale
Brian Chippendale (born July 22, 1973) is an American musician and artist, known as the drummer and vocalist for the experimental noise rock band Lightning Bolt and for his graphic art. Chippendale is based in Providence, Rhode Island.

Brian plays an assortment of drums usually decorated with prints he makes himself. He uses two ride cymbals as crash rides and a Ludwig snare drum.
FC Bengaluru United
Football Club Bengaluru United is an Indian professional football club based in Bangalore, Karnataka. The club currently competes in the I-League 2, the third tier of the Indian football league system. Founded in 2018, the club mainly participated in local competitions, including the BDFA Super Division.

Bengaluru United took part in the I-League 2nd Division for the first time in 2019–20 season.

Indian football league system
The Indian football league system is the league structure of football club competitions in India. The highest level of men's club football competition is the Indian Super League. Indian Women's League, founded in 2016, is the highest level of women's football club competition in India.
Mtori
Mtori is a popular Tanzanian stew made of bananas and meat along with other ingredients (e.g. potatoes, milk or cream).

The soup originated in the Kilimanjaro area of Tanzania, specifically the Moshi-Arusha region. Plantains/green bananas are often eaten in this region as the main source of starch. It has since spread to other areas throughout Tanzania. A special stick is traditionally used to mash the bananas. Mtori is often eaten by Maasai women during a three-month period postpartum confinement for nutrition. During this postpartum period, women are given mainly soft foods (laini) to eat like mtori.

Because it is a thick stew, it can be served as a main course. It can be eaten during breakfast, lunch, or dinner.

Postpartum confinement
Postpartum confinement is a traditional practice following childbirth. Those who follow these customs typically begin immediately after the birth, and the seclusion or special treatment lasts for a culturally variable length: typically for one month or 30 days, 26 days, up to 40 days, two months, or 100 days. This postnatal recuperation can include care practices in regards of "traditional health beliefs, taboos, rituals, and proscriptions." The practice used to be known as "lying-in", which, as the term suggests, centres on bed rest. In some cultures, it may be connected to taboos concerning impurity after childbirth.
John Taylor (settler)
John Taylor (1821-1890), son of an Oxford carpenter, was a settler to York, Western Australia who arrived in 1841, was indentured to Thomas Brown, leased and then purchased Yangedine, used progressive machinery, and built a farming estate.

York, Western Australia
York is the oldest inland town in Western Australia, situated on the Avon River, 98 kilometres (61 mi) east of Perth in the Wheatbelt, on Ballardong Nyoongar land, and is the seat of the Shire of York.

The name of the region was suggested by JS Clarkson during an expedition in October 1830 because of its similarity to his own county in England, Yorkshire.

After thousands of years of occupation by Ballardong Nyoongar people, the area was first settled by Europeans in 1831, two years after Perth was settled in 1829. A town was established in 1835 with the release of town allotments and the first buildings were erected in 1836.

The region was important throughout the 19th century for sheep and grain farming, sandalwood, cattle, goats, pigs and horse breeding.

York boomed during the gold rush as it was one of the last rail stops before the walk to the goldfields.

Today, the town attracts tourists for its beauty, history, buildings, festivals and art.
Erik Evans
Erikson Reid Evans (born June 5, 2003) is an American racing driver. He currently competes in the British GT Championship with Academy Motorsports, having won the GT4 class title during his first full season in 2023. He previously completed in the U.S. F2000 National Championship with Velocity Racing Development.

Multimatic Motorsports
Multimatic Motorsports is the competition arm of Multimatic's Special Vehicle Operations division. Founded in 1992, the team has competed in numerous sports car racing series, including the Michelin Pilot Challenge, IMSA SportsCar Championship, and FIA World Endurance Championship, as well as starts in the 24 Hours of Le Mans, most notably winning in 2016 with Ford Chip Ganassi Racing in the Ford GT LM GTE.

In late 2015, the organization set up Multimatic Motorsports Europe in Greatworth Park, United Kingdom, as a stand-alone base for its FIA World Endurance Championship LMGTE Pro effort, campaigning Ford GTs on behalf of Ford Chip Ganassi Racing.
1997 World Mountain Running Trophy
The 1997 World Mountain Running Championships was the 13th edition of the global mountain running competition, World Mountain Running Championships, organised by the World Mountain Running Association and was held in Male Svatonovice, Czech Republic on 7 September 1997.

Malé Svatoňovice
Malé Svatoňovice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈmalɛː ˈsvatoɲovɪtsɛ]; German: Klein Schwadowitz) is a municipality and village in Trutnov District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,600 inhabitants. It is known as the birthplace of writer Karel Čapek.
Baczyńscy
Baczyńscy [baˈt͡ʂɨɲst͡sɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Narewka, within Hajnówka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus.

It is in one of five Polish/Belarusian bilingual Gmina in Podlaskie Voivodeship regulated by the Act of 6 January 2005 on National and Ethnic Minorities and on the Regional Languages, which permits certain gminas with significant linguistic minorities to introduce a second, auxiliary language to be used in official contexts alongside Polish.

Bilingual municipalities in Poland
The bilingual status of gminas (municipalities) in Poland is regulated by the Act of 6 January 2005 on National and Ethnic Minorities and on the Regional Languages, which permits certain gminas with significant linguistic minorities to introduce a second, auxiliary language to be used in official contexts alongside Polish. So far 44 gminas have done this:
Farefare language
Farefare or Frafra, also known by the regional name of Gurenne (Gurene), is a Niger–Congo language spoken by the Frafra people of northern Ghana, particularly the Upper East Region, and southern Burkina Faso. It is a national language of Ghana, and is closely related to Dagbani and other languages of Northern Ghana, and also related to Mossi, also known as Mooré, the national language of Burkina Faso.

Frafra consists of three principal dialects, Gurenɛ (also written Gurunɛ, Gudenne, Gurenne, Gudeni, Zuadeni), Nankani (Naane, Nankanse, Ninkare), and Boone. Nabit and Talni have been mistakenly reported to be Frafra dialects.

Upper East Region
The Upper East Region is located in the northern part of Ghana, and it is the third smallest of the 16 administrative regions in Ghana. Despite its relatively small size, the region holds an outsized significance in the nation's cultural heritage and historical narrative. It occupies a total land surface of 8,842 square kilometers, hence constituting a modest 2.7% of Ghana's total land area. The regional capital is Bolgatanga, which is sometimes referred to as Bolga. It is a major center for the production and sale of beautifully woven baskets, leather goods, and straw handicrafts. Bolga serves as the administrative and commercial heartbeat of the region. Other major towns in the region include Navrongo, Paga, Sandema, Bawku, Zebilla, Tempane, Pusiga, Garu, Pwalugu, and Widana.
Montegrande (archaeological site)
Montegrande is an archaeological site in the Cajamarca department of Jaén province in Jaén District, Peru, a spiral temple or enclosure built c. 3000 BC, by a culture that overlapped the current border with Ecuador. At 5,000 years old, the site is older than Caral. The site is located at the outskirts of the town of Jaén, Peru.

Department of Cajamarca
Cajamarca (Spanish pronunciation: [kaxaˈmaɾka]; Quechua: Kashamarka; Aymara: Qajamarka) is a department of Peru. It is located to the north of the country and shares a border with Ecuador. It is administered by a regional government. The capital is the city of Cajamarca, which has an elevation of 2,700 metres (8,900 ft) above sea level in the Andes Mountain Range, the longest mountain range in the world. Part of its territory includes the Amazon rainforest, the largest in the world.
Fuscoderma papuanum
Fuscoderma papuanum is a species of squamulose (scaley) lichen in the family Pannariaceae. Endemic to Papua New Guinea, it was formally described as a new species in 2002 by lichenologists Per Magnus Jørgensen and Harrie Sipman. The type specimen was collected in Myola, in the Owen Stanley Range (Oro Province) at an altitude between 2,400 and 2,800 m (7,900 and 9,200 ft). Here, in the cool, moist habitat of a montane forest dominated by coniferous trees from the genera Phyllocladus and Podocarpus, it was found growing on a bank of the Iora Creek. It is similar to the type of genus Fuscoderma, F. applanatum, but is distinguished from that species by its smaller size, narrower, smooth lobes, and by the black rhizines on the thallus underside that, in young specimens, protrude out beyond the thallus.

Podocarpus
Podocarpus (/ˌpoʊdəˈkɑːrpəs/) is a genus of conifers, the most numerous and widely distributed of the podocarp family, the Podocarpaceae. Podocarpus species are evergreen shrubs or trees, usually from 1 to 25 m (3 to 82 ft) tall, known to reach 40 m (130 ft) at times. The cones have two to five fused cone scales, which form a fleshy, berry-like, brightly coloured receptacle at maturity. The fleshy cones attract birds, which then eat the cones and disperse the seeds in their droppings. Plants of the World Online accepts 116 species. Other authorities place 97 to 107 species in the genus depending on the circumscription of the species.

Species are cultivated as ornamental plants for parks and large gardens. The cultivar 'County Park Fire' has won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
American Club (Kohler, Wisconsin)
The American Club is a luxury spa and resort located in Kohler, Wisconsin. It is owned and operated by the Kohler Company. It has received various awards, including the Top 100 Golf Resorts by Conde Nast Traveler magazine, and is the Midwest's only AAA Five Diamond Resort Hotel. It is now part of Destination Kohler. The American Club is a member of Historic Hotels of America, the official program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation.

American Automobile Association
American Automobile Association (AAA) is a federation of motor clubs throughout North America. AAA is a privately held not-for-profit national member association and service organization with over 60 million members in the United States and Canada. AAA provides services to its members, including roadside assistance and others. Its national headquarters are in Heathrow, Florida.