hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tennessee Governor's Academy for Math and Science
The Tennessee Governor's Academy for Mathematics and Science, commonly Tennessee Governor's Academy or TGA, was a residential high school located in Knoxville, Tennessee on the campus of The Tennessee School for the Deaf (TSD). It was founded in 2007 by Governor Phil Bredesen as part of an effort to provide challenges for students across the academic spectrum. Its inaugural class consisted of 24 high school juniors from throughout the state. The academy was closed on May 31, 2011, due to lack of state funding.

Eleventh grade
Eleventh grade (also known as 11th Grade, Grade 11, or Junior year) is the eleventh year of formal or compulsory education. It is typically the second or third year of high school. Students in eleventh grade are usually 16-17 years of age.
Taku Ishihara
Taku Ishihara (石原 卓, Ishihara Taku; born October 3, 1992) is a former Japanese football player.

He had previously played for the J2 League team Tokushima Vortis.

Ishihira is a midfielder who plays an attacking role from the wings with good left-footed shots and crosses. He dominates the left side with excellent technique and good physical strength.

In July 2014, he was loaned to fourth tier Regionalliga Nordost club TSG Neustrelitz for the upcoming season.

Regionalliga Nordost
The Regionalliga Nordost is the fourth tier of German football in the states of Berlin, Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony-Anhalt, Saxony and Thuringia. These comprise the states of former East Germany as well as West Berlin.

It is one of five leagues at the fourth tier, together with the Regionalliga Bayern, Regionalliga Südwest, Regionalliga Nord and the Regionalliga West. From 1994 to 2000 it was part of the third tier, until the first of many re-structurings of the league system. The last of these occurred in 2012, which saw the Regionalliga Nordost reinstated.
Grate firing
Grate firing is a type of industrial combustion system used for solid fuels.
It now is used mainly for burning waste and biomass, but also for smaller coal furnaces.

Capacities 0.3 to 175 MWth in industry and CHP

Fuel fired per grate area 1-2 MW/m2, maximum grate area 100 m2

Grates are typical only suitable for coarse particles, for fine particles a spreader is required, increases max. capacity

Primary air through the grate (also used for cooling) and secondary air

Solid fuel
Solid fuel refers to various forms of solid material that can be burnt to release energy, providing heat and light through the process of combustion. Solid fuels can be contrasted with liquid fuels and gaseous fuels. Common examples of solid fuels include wood, charcoal, peat, coal, hexamine fuel tablets, dry dung, wood pellets, corn, wheat, rice, rye, and other grains. Solid fuels are extensively used in rocketry as solid propellants. Solid fuels have been used throughout human history to create fire and solid fuel is still in widespread use throughout the world in the present day.

Solid fuel from biomass is regarded as a renewable energy source which can contribute to climate change mitigation efforts. Solid fuel from fossil fuels (i.e. coal) is not a renewable energy.
Di Giacomo
Di or di Giacomo is the surname of:

Andrea di Niccolò di Giacomo (1440–1514), Italian painter

Daniela di Giacomo (born 1985), Venezuelan TV host, journalist, radio host, model and beauty queen

Federica Di Giacomo, director and writer of the 2016 documentary Libera Nos

Francesco Di Giacomo (1947–2014), Italian singer and lyricist

Franco Di Giacomo (1932–2016), Italian cinematographer

Gegè Di Giacomo (1918–2005), Italian singer and drummer, nephew of Savatore Di Giacomo

Marina di Giacomo (born 1976), Argentine field hockey player

Paul di Giacomo (born 1982), Scottish footballer

Salvatore Di Giacomo (1860–1934), Italian poet, songwriter, playwright and fascist

Paul di Giacomo
Paul Di Giacomo (born 30 June 1982) is a Scottish footballer. He began his career at Kilmarnock, before dropping into the Scottish Football League First Division with Airdrie United to move closer to his partner at the time who had just had a boy named Thomas, then Ross County. He also had loan spells from Kilmarnock with Stirling Albion and Partick Thistle.
Stock market prediction
Stock market prediction is the act of trying to determine the future value of a company stock or other financial instrument traded on an exchange. The successful prediction of a stock's future price could yield significant profit. The efficient market hypothesis suggests that stock prices reflect all currently available information and any price changes that are not based on newly revealed information thus are inherently unpredictable. Others disagree and those with this viewpoint possess myriad methods and technologies which purportedly allow them to gain future price information.

Financial instrument
A financial instrument is a monetary contract between parties. They can be created, traded, modified and settled. They can be cash (currency), evidence of an ownership, interest in an entity or a contractual right to receive or deliver in the form of currency (forex); debt (bonds, loans); equity (shares); or  derivatives (options, futures, forwards).

International Accounting Standards IAS 32 and 39 define a financial instrument as "any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity".

Financial instruments may be categorized by "asset class" depending on whether they are foreign exchange-based (reflecting foreign exchange instruments and transactions), equity-based (reflecting ownership of the issuing entity) or debt-based (reflecting a loan the investor has made to the issuing entity). If the instrument is debt it can be further categorized into short-term (less than one year) or long-term.
Ponceau 4R
Ponceau 4R (known by more than 100 synonyms,: 460–461  including as C.I. 16255, cochineal red A, C.I. acid red 18, brilliant scarlet 3R, brilliant scarlet 4R, new coccine,: 460 ) is a synthetic colourant that may be used as a food colouring. It is denoted by E Number E124. Its chemical name is 1-(4-sulfo-1-napthylazo)-2-napthol-6,8-disulfonic acid, trisodium salt. Ponceau (17th century French for "poppy-coloured") is the generic name for a family of azo dyes.

Ponceau 4R is a strawberry red azo dye which can be used in a variety of food products, and is usually synthesized from aromatic hydrocarbons; it is stable to light, heat, and acid but fades in the presence of ascorbic acid.: 460

It is used in Europe, Asia, and Australia, but has not been approved for human consumption by the United States Food and Drug Administration.: 460

E number
E numbers, short for Europe numbers, are codes for substances used as food additives, including those found naturally in many foods, such as vitamin C, for use within the European Union (EU): 27  and European Free Trade Association (EFTA). Commonly found on food labels, their safety assessment and approval are the responsibility of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The fact that an additive has an E number implies that its use was at one time permitted in products for sale in the European Single Market; some of these additives are no longer allowed today.

Having a single unified list for food additives was first agreed upon in 1962 with food colouring. In 1964, the directives for preservatives were added; In 1970 antioxidants were added; In 1974 emulsifiers, stabilisers, thickeners and gelling agents were added as well.
Megacraspedus grossisquammellus
Megacraspedus grossisquammellus is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Pierre Chrétien in 1925. It is found in Spain.

The wingspan is 15–16 mm (0.59–0.63 in). The forewings are ochreous yellow with brownish scales. The hindwings are whitish.

Pierre Chrétien
Pierre Chrétien (1846 – 15 June 1934, in Nay, Pyrénées-Atlantiques) was a French entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera. He was a member of Société entomologique de France. Trifurcula chretieni Z. & A. Lastuvka & van Nieukerken, 2013 is "named in honour of Pierre Chrétien (1846–1934), who discovered nepticulid mines on Bupleurum, including those on Bupleurum rigidum, and the first author to describe a number of Mediterranean species that are now placed in Trifurcula (Glaucolepis)." His collection is held by National Museum of Natural History in Paris.
Layton & Forsyth
Layton & Forsyth was a prominent Oklahoma architectural firm that also practiced as partnership including Layton Hicks & Forsyth and Layton, Smith & Forsyth. Led by Oklahoma City architect Solomon Layton, partners included George Forsyth, S. Wemyss Smith, Jewell Hicks, and James W. Hawk.

Ponca City, Oklahoma
Ponca City (Iowa-Oto: Chína Uhánⁿdhe) is a city in Kay County in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The city was named after the Ponca tribe. Ponca City had a population of 24,424 in the 2020 census, down from 25,387 at the time of the 2010 census.
1985–86 FIS Cross-Country World Cup
The 1985–86 FIS Cross-Country World Cup was the 5th official World Cup season in cross-country skiing for men and women. The World Cup began in Labrador City, Canada, on 7 December 1985 and finished in Oslo, Norway, on 15 March 1986. Gunde Svan of Sweden won the overall men's cup, and Marjo Matikainen of Finland won the women's.

Before the season began, after several years of disagreements between athletes and federations concerning what styles of skiing should be allowed, it was decided that cross-country skiing should have two disciplines: classical and freestyle. The initiative to this idea was made by the Swedish skier Thomas Wassberg.

Labrador City
Labrador City is a town in western Labrador (part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador), near the Quebec border. With a population of 7,412 as of 2021, it is the second-largest population centre in Labrador, behind Happy Valley-Goose Bay. Neighbouring Labrador City is Wabush, a smaller town with a population of approximately 1,964 as of 2021. Together, the "twin towns" are known as Labrador West.

In the 1960s, Labrador City was founded to accommodate employees of the Iron Ore Company of Canada; iron ore mining continues to be the primary industry in the town.

The Labrador City town motto is Kamistiatusset, a Naskapi word meaning "land of the hard-working people."  The Labrador City town crest is that of a snowy owl holding a scroll atop a black spade on a mound of red earth. The symbol represents iron ore mining. The spade is flanked by two caribou. Both snowy owls and caribou are native to the Labrador City area.
Turok: Rage Wars
Turok: Rage Wars is a first-person shooter video game developed by Acclaim Studios Austin and published by Acclaim Entertainment. It was released for the Nintendo 64 video game console in 1999. Rage Wars is a game in the Turok video game series, with a heavy emphasis on multiplayer. It supports a maximum of four players simultaneously via split-screen. The game also supports the Nintendo 64 Expansion Pak for high-resolution graphics, but does not require it. A separate game, also titled Turok: Rage Wars, which is set in the same universe but features a different gameplay and storyline, was released for the Game Boy Color in 1999.

Image resolution
Image resolution is the level of detail of an image. The term applies to digital images, film images, and other types of images. "Higher resolution" means more image detail.
Image resolution can be measured in various ways. Resolution quantifies how close lines can be to each other and still be visibly resolved. Resolution units can be tied to physical sizes (e.g. lines per mm, lines per inch), to the overall size of a picture (lines per picture height, also known simply as lines, TV lines, or TVL), or to angular subtense. Instead of single lines, line pairs are often used, composed of a dark line and an adjacent light line; for example, a resolution of 10 lines per millimeter means 5 dark lines alternating with 5 light lines, or 5 line pairs per millimeter (5 LP/mm). Photographic lens are most often quoted in line pairs per millimeter.
Nikolaos Zervas
Nikolaos Zervas (Greek: Νικόλαος Ζέρβας, 1800–1869) was a Greek revolutionary and Souliote captain in the Greek War of Independence. After the establishment of Greek independence he reached the rank of general in the Hellenic Army.

Zervas was born in Souli, Epirus, then Ottoman Empire, and became one of the leaders of the Souliotes. Zervas participated in the Greek War of Independence (1821–1830) and distinguished at the Battle of Phaleron (April 1827). At March 1828, together with another revolutionary leader, Dimos Tselios, managed to push back an advancing Ottoman (Turkish-Albanian) force at Menidi, Attica.

After Independence, Zervas participated in an anti-monarchist revolt in Acarnania (1836). At 1854, already a Major General in the Hellenic Army, he resigned his post and joined General Theodoros Grivas in the Epirus revolt of 1854. The revolt aimed at the union of Epirus with the Kingdom of Greece, but failed.

Acarnania
Acarnania (Ancient Greek: Ἀκαρνανία, romanized: Akarnanía) is a region of west-central Greece that lies along the Ionian Sea, west of Aetolia, with the Achelous River for a boundary, and north of the gulf of Calydon, which is the entrance to the Gulf of Corinth. Today it forms the western part of the regional unit of Aetolia-Acarnania. The capital and principal city in ancient times was Stratos.

Acarnania's foundation in Greek mythology was traditionally ascribed to Acarnan, son of Alcmaeon.
North Eastern Electricity Supply Company of Odisha
TP Northern Odisha Distribution Limited or TPNODL was incorporated as a Private Company under PPP (Public Private Partnership) model with the collaboration of Tata Power and Government of Odisha on 1st April 2021 to carry out the distribution and retail supply business of electricity in the entire North Eastern Odisha, 5 Districts of Odisha; Balasore, Mayurbhanj, Keonjhar, Jajpur, and Bhadrak. TPNODL is erstwhile known as NESCO was primarily incorporated under the Companies Act 1956 and started functioning as a subsidiary of Tata Power and Grid Corporation of Odisha (GRIDCO), a Government of Odisha Power Utility, from 26 November 1998 under Distribution and Retail Supply License.

Balasore district
Balasore district, also known as Baleswar district, is an administrative district of Odisha state, in eastern India.  Balasore is one of the coastal districts of Odisha and lies on the northernmost part of the state.
Tamāra Vilerte
Tamāra Vilerte (born 5 March 1954 in Omsk), also known as Tamāra Rudovska, is a Latvian chess player who  won the World Senior Women Chess Championship in 2008 (Bad Zwischenahn, Germany) and holds the title of Woman Grandmaster. In 2008, she took second place in European Senior Women Chess Championship in Davos.
Vilerte won the Latvian Girl Championship in 1971 and 1972. In 1972 she shared third through seventh place at the Soviet Junior Championship. She also shared the Latvian Chess Championship for women in 1973.

Vilerte graduated from the Daugavpils Pedagogical Institute. She is a biology teacher by profession but works as a chess trainer. Her brother Jānis Vilerts (1943–2001) was director at the Kuldiga Chess School.

Latvian Chess Championship
The Latvian Chess Championship (Latvian: Latvijas Šaha čempionāts) is the annual national chess tournament of Latvia among men and women players, which was established in 1924. It is organized by the Latvian Chess Federation (Latvian: Latvijas Šaha federācija), previously - Latvian Chess Union (Latvian: Latvijas Šaha savienība).
The Face Thailand season 2
The Face Thailand season 2 began audition on 2 August 2015 at Royal Paragon Hall in Siam Paragon in Bangkok. Lukkade Metinee was reprised their roles as coaches again. Bee Namthip and Cris Horwang was the new coach in this season. Khun Chanon was a host replaced Utt Uttsada and Janie Tienphosuwan was a special coach in this season. The show was airing every Saturday 5:25 p.m. to 7:15 p.m. The socond season premiered on 17 October 2015 and ended on 9 January 2016.

The winner of the competition was Kanticha "Ticha" Chumma.

Utt Panichkul
Greg Uttsada Panichkul (Thai: อัษฎา พานิชกุล; RTGS: Atsada Phanitchakun; born September 3, 1973) is a Thai–American actor, television presenter and model. He was a VJ for MTV Asia for over 15 years, making him one of Asia's longest running hosts and cementing his star status. Most recently Panichkul was the Director of Entertainment at IN Channel in Thailand and also a directorship at Beam Artistes in Singapore
Facilities Protection Service
The Facilities Protection Service is an Iraqi security agency force tasked with the fixed site protection of Iraqi Government buildings, facilities, and personnel. The FPS includes Oil, Electricity Police and Port Security. It works for all Iraqi government ministries and governmental agencies, but its standards are set and enforced by the Iraqi Ministry of Interior. It can also be hired to protect private property.

As of 2005, the Coalition no longer provides material or logistical support to the FPS.

Federal government of Iraq
The federal government of Iraq is defined under the current Constitution, approved in 2005, as a democratic, parliamentary republic with Islam as the official state religion. The government is composed of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, as well as numerous independent commissions.
Cooke triplet
The Cooke triplet is a photographic lens designed and patented in 1893 by Dennis Taylor who was employed as chief engineer by T. Cooke & Sons of York. It was the first lens system that allowed the elimination of most of the optical distortion or aberration at the outer edge of the image.

The Cooke triplet is noted for being able to correct the five Seidel aberrations. The compound lens design consists of three air-spaced simple lens elements: two biconvex (positive) lenses surrounding a biconcave (negative) lens in the middle. It is one of the most important objective designs in the history of photography.

Objective (optics)
In optical engineering, an objective is an optical element that gathers light from an object being observed and focuses the light rays from it to produce a real image of the object. Objectives can be a single lens or mirror, or combinations of several optical elements. They are used in microscopes, binoculars, telescopes, cameras, slide projectors, CD players and many other optical instruments. Objectives are also called object lenses, object glasses, or objective glasses.
Justin Turner (rugby union)
Justin Turner (born 12 March 1990) is an Australian rugby union footballer. His regular playing position is scrum-half. He currently represents the Western Force in Super Rugby. He made his debut for the franchise during the 2010 Super 14 season against the Stormers in Perth.

Turner was a member of the Australia under 20 team that competed in the 2010 IRB Junior World Championship.

Australia national under-20 rugby union team
The Australia national under-20 rugby union team, nicknamed the Junior Wallabies, is the national under-20 rugby union team that represents Australia. The team has been competing at the annual World Rugby U20 Championship since it began in 2008, replacing the previously held under-19 and under-21 championships. The team also competes at the Oceania U20 Championship as of 2015 and the U20 Rugby Championship since 2024.

Australia's highest finish at the World Rugby U20 Championship was second-place in 2010 and 2019. The team finished third in 2011 by beating France in the third place playoff, and fourth in 2009 after losing to South Africa 32–5 in the third place playoff. The Junior Wallabies also finished second in the first four editions of the Oceania U20 Championship before being crowned champions in 2019 after defeating New Zealand 24–0.
P.O.V. (magazine)
P.O.V. magazine was a New York City-based lifestyle magazine targeted at young professional men. The magazine was founded in 1995 by Drew Massey and ceased publication with its February 2000 issue. Its owner, Freedom Communications, citing increased competition as the reason for its closing.

At its peak, the magazine had an audited circulation of 360,000 and 40 employees.

P.O.V. was named by Adweek as the startup of the year in 1997.

Point Of View October 1999 issue featuring Anna Kournikova.

Young professional
The term young professional generally refers to young people between 20 and 40 who are employed in a profession or white-collar occupation.  The meaning may be ambiguous and has evolved from its original narrow meaning of a young person in a professional field. Although derivative of the term 'yuppie', it has grown into its own set of meanings.
Thomas Nairne
Thomas Nairne (died c. 17 April 1715) was a Scots trader and the first Indian agent of the Province of Carolina. He is best known for recording Native American customs and practices in the 1690s and 1700s and for articulating policies that guided colonial policy. A settler in the failed Scottish colony of Stuarts Town (near present-day Port Royal, South Carolina), he traveled throughout the southeast, ranging as far as the Mississippi River, and served in the Carolina provincial assembly. He was tortured to death by Yamasee in April 1715 during the Yamasee War.

Port Royal, South Carolina
Port Royal is a town on Port Royal Island in Beaufort County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 14,220 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Hilton Head Island metropolitan area. Port Royal is home to Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island and United States Naval Hospital Beaufort.
Llangan
Llangan (Welsh: Llanganna) is a small village and community in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. It is located approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) outside the market town of Cowbridge. As a community it contains the settlements of St Mary Hill, Treoes and Llangan itself. It is in the historic county of Glamorgan.

Llangan became an important religious site in the late 18th century due to the work and preaching of its church's vicar David Jones, an early supporter of Calvinistic Methodism in Wales.

Historic counties of Wales
The historic counties of Wales (Welsh: siroedd hynafol) were the thirteen sub-divisions used in Wales from 1535 up to their abolition in 1974 when they were replaced by eight larger administrative counties (which in turn were replaced with the current twenty-two). They were used for various functions for several hundred years, with some dating to 1282, but for administrative purposes have been superseded by contemporary sub-national divisions, some of which bear some limited similarity to the historic entities in name and extent. They are alternatively known as ancient counties.
Jimmy Durrant
Major General James Thom Durrant CB DFC (1913 – 15 October 1990) was a highly successful South African pilot during World War II who eventually became the Director-General of the South African Air Force. In addition to commanding SAAF squadrons and wings, he also commanded RAF bomber groups. At the age of 32, he was the youngest Major-General in the Allied forces. He resigned from the SAAF as a result of the de-anglicisation policy instituted by Frans Erasmus of the National Party after they took power after the 1948 general election.

Wing (military unit)
In military aviation, a wing is a unit of command. In most military aviation services, a wing is a relatively large formation of planes. In Commonwealth countries a wing usually comprises three squadrons, with several wings forming a group (around 10 squadrons). Each squadron will contain around 20 planes.