hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Douglas McIlroy
Malcolm Douglas McIlroy (born 1932) is an American mathematician, engineer, and programmer. As of 2019 he is an Adjunct Professor of Computer Science at Dartmouth College.
McIlroy is best known for having originally proposed Unix pipelines and developed several Unix tools, such as echo, spell, diff, sort, join, graph, speak, and tr. He was also one of the pioneering researchers of macro processors and programming language extensibility. He participated in the design of multiple influential programming languages, particularly PL/I, SNOBOL, ALTRAN, TMG and C++.

His seminal work on software componentization and code reuse makes him a pioneer of component-based software engineering and software product line engineering.

Sort (Unix)
In computing, sort is a standard command line program of Unix and Unix-like operating systems, that prints the lines of its input or concatenation of all files listed in its argument list in sorted order. Sorting is done based on one or more sort keys extracted from each line of input. By default, the entire input is taken as sort key. Blank space is the default field separator. The command supports a number of command-line options that can vary by implementation. For instance the "-r" flag will reverse the sort order. Sort ordering is affected by the environment's locale settings.
2022 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships
The 2022 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships were held at the Thialf skating rink in Heerenveen from Friday 28 October 2021 to Sunday 30 October 2021. Although the tournament was held in 2021 it was the 2022 edition as it was part of the 2021–2022 speed skating season.

Heerenveen
Heerenveen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɦeːrə(ɱ)ˈveːn] ⓘ, West Frisian: It Hearrenfean [ət ˌjɛrn̩ˈfɪən] ⓘ, Stellingwerfs: et Vene) is a town and municipality in the province of Friesland (Fryslân), in the Northern Netherlands. In 2021, the town had a population of 29,790 (1 January) while the municipality had a population of 50,859 (1 July).

The town itself is located southeast of Sneek and southwest of Drachten. Heerenveen is the oldest peat canal village in the Netherlands. Heerenveen is the fourth-largest place in Friesland in terms of population, but is not one of the eleven Frisian cities.

The municipality was formed on 1 July 1934, from parts of former municipalities Aengwirden and Schoterland, and a portion of the municipality of Haskerland. Boarnsterhim also merged into Heerenveen on 1 January 2014.
Mazzotta
Mazzotta is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anna Mazzotta (born 1970), British artist

Antonio Mazzotta (born 1989), Italian footballer

Federico Mazzotta (1839–1897), Italian painter

Giuseppe Mazzotta, American historian

Peppino Mazzotta (born 1971), Italian actor

Riccarda Mazzotta (born 1986), Swiss cyclist

Roberto Mazzotta (born 1940), Italian economist and politician

Federico Mazzotta
Federico Mazzotta (1839–1897) was an Italian painter, mainly of genre subjects, but also historic and Neo-Pompeian themes.

He was born in Naples and was a resident of Capua. In 1884, at Turin, he exhibited: Un disastro and Un piccolo disastro. In 1886 at Milan, in 1886, he displayed Un trovatello and Il pomo morsicato, and in 1887 at Venice: In campagna.

At the 1866 Promotrice in Naples, he displayed Margherita Pusterla and her jailer. Ten years later at the exhibitions of Genova and Milano, he displayed a Dionysius, Tyrant of Syracuse. he painted a La tarantella (1873) in Naples, and Il Sandalo (Neo-Pompeian) (1876) for the Promotrice di Genova.
2021 Women's World Draughts Championship match
The 2021 Women's World Draughts Championship match in international draughts was held from 23 April – 3 May 2021 at the Hotel Bellotto in Warsaw, Poland. It was held under the auspices of the International Draughts Federation (FMJD). It was played between the 2019 world champion, Tamara Tansykkuzhina, and the 2018 world champion, Natalia Sadowska. Tamara Tansykkuzhina won her seventh title. The prize money was 20,000€ (12,000€ for the winner and 8,000€ for the loser).

International draughts
International draughts (also called international checkers or  Polish draughts) is a strategy board game for two players, one of the variants of draughts. The gameboard comprises 10×10 squares in alternating dark and light colours, of which only the 50 dark squares are used. Each player has 20 pieces, light for one player and dark for the other, at opposite sides of the board. In conventional diagrams, the board is displayed with the light pieces at the bottom; in this orientation, the lower-left corner square must be dark.
Mehmet Ugur
Mehmet Ugur (born April 3, 1954) is a Turkish-British professor of economics and institutions at the University of Greenwich in London. He is the deputy director of the Institute of Political Economy, Governance, Finance and Accountability (PEGFA) at the School of Accounting, Finance, and Economics.

University of Greenwich
The University of Greenwich is a public university located in London and Kent, United Kingdom. Previous names include Woolwich Polytechnic and Thames Polytechnic.

The university's main campus is at the Old Royal Naval College, which along with its Avery Hill campus, is located in the Royal Borough of Greenwich. Greenwich also has a campus in Medway, Kent, as part of a shared campus. The university's range of subjects includes architecture, business, computing, mathematics, education, engineering, humanities, maritime studies, natural sciences, pharmacy and social sciences.
Annovka, Belgorod Oblast
Annovka (Russian: Анновка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Annovskoye Rural Settlement, Korochansky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 724 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Belgorod Oblast
Belgorod Oblast (Russian: Белгоро́дская о́бласть, romanized: Belgorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Belgorod. As of 2021, the population is 1,540,486.
Oslo Business School
Oslo Business School (Handelshøyskolen) is the graduate business school of Oslo Metropolitan University. Located in Oslo, Norway, the school offers study programs at both Bachelor and Master level, as well as a wide range of continuing and further education, in business administration, finance and management.

Business school
A business school is a higher education institution or professional school that teaches courses leading to degrees in business administration or management.

A business school may also be referred to as school of business, school of management, management school, school of business administration, college of business, business college, or colloquially b-school or biz school.
Giuseppe Soncini
Giuseppe Soncini (born 1926 - died 1991) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the Italian Communist Party and a leading figure in the city government of Reggio Emilia in northern Italy. In this position he promoted links between Reggio Emilia and southern African countries, in particular anti-colonial and anti-apartheid movements. For this work he was posthumously given the Order of the Companions of O. R. Tambo award by the South African presidency.

Anti-Apartheid Movement
The Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM) was a British organisation that was at the centre of the international movement opposing the South African apartheid system and supporting South Africa's non-white population who were oppressed by the policies of apartheid. The AAM changed its name to ACTSA: Action for Southern Africa in 1994, when South Africa achieved majority rule through free and fair elections, in which all races could vote.
Fresno River Viaduct
The Fresno River Viaduct is a bridge to carry California High-Speed Rail (CAHSR) over Route 145, the Fresno River, and Raymond Road in Madera County, California.

It was completed in 2018, the first permanent structure built for CAHSR. The site is just east of the city limits of Madera, California, about 20 miles northwest of the planned Fresno high-speed rail station and about 10 miles southeast of the planned Chowchilla Wye. Because the site is downstream from the John Franchi Diversion Dam, the riverbed is normally dry unless heavy rains cause the dam to overtop. The bridge is 1,600 feet long and 25 feet high, and runs parallel to the BNSF Railway bridge over the Fresno River.

Madera County, California
Madera County (/məˈdɛərə/ ⓘ; Madera, Spanish for "Wood"), officially the County of Madera, is a county located at the geographic center of the U.S. state of California. It features a varied landscape, encompassing the eastern San Joaquin Valley and the central Sierra Nevada, with Madera serving as the county seat. Established in 1893 from part of Fresno County, Madera County reported a population of 156,255 in the 2020 census.

The name Madera is Spanish for "wood," a reference to the county’s early lumber industry. Portions of Yosemite National Park lie within the county, and tourism, along with agriculture—particularly almonds, grapes, and pistachios—form major parts of the local economy. According to the United States Census Bureau, the county’s median household income is below the state average, and its poverty rate is higher than the California average.
Income tax threshold
The income tax threshold is the income level at which a person begins paying income taxes. The income tax threshold equates to the:

Personal allowance in the UK, which is £ 12,500 for 2019/20.

Basic allowance in Germany, which is € 9,408 in 2020.

Basic Marginal tax bracket (Grenzsteuersatz) in Austria, which is € 0 – € 13.308 in 2025.

Income tax threshold in France, which was € 6,088 in 2012.

The standard deduction in the US, which was $ 12,000 in 2018 for a single person.

Basic personal amount in Canada, which was C$ 11,809 in 2018.

Tax-free threshold in Brazil, which was R$ 33,888 in 2025.

Tax-free threshold in Australia, which was A$ 18,200 in 2023–24.

Tax-free threshold in Greece, which was € 9,545 in 2016.

Tax-free threshold in Poland was 30,000 PLN in 2022.

Tax rate
In a tax system, the tax rate is the ratio (usually expressed as a percentage) at which a business or person is taxed. The tax rate that is applied to an individual's or corporation's income is determined by tax laws of the country and can be influenced by many factors such as income level, type of income, and so on. There are several methods used to present a tax rate: statutory, average, marginal, flat, and effective.  These rates can also be presented using different definitions applied to a tax base: inclusive and exclusive.
Cluj-Napoca Central Park
Central Park is a large public, urban park in central Cluj-Napoca. It was founded in the 19th century and it located on the southern shore of Someşul Mic River. The Park is now home to the University of Arts and Design and to the Chemistry Faculty of the Babeş-Bolyai University.

On 13 October 1920, the first Cluj derby between CFR and Universitatea which ended with a 8–0 win for CFR took place on a field from the park.

During 2012, the Central Park was site of an important restoration process, especially for the building of the Old Casino.

Every year, the west half of the park is closed off as part of the Untold Festival.

Art and Design University of Cluj-Napoca
The Art and Design University (Romanian: Universitatea de Artă şi Design, UAD;) is an art university located in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. It was founded on November 15, 1925, as the Fine Arts School of Cluj. It was formerly known as Academy of Visual Arts "Ioan Andreescu" until 30 June 2000.
Crebbin
Crebbin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bill Crebbin (1869–1924), Australian rules footballer

June Crebbin (born 1938) British writer for children

Philip Crebbin (born 1951), British sailor

Tom Crebbin (born 1964), Australian rules footballer

Bill Crebbin
William Cottier Crebbin (8 March 1869 – 9 December 1924) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon in both the Victorian Football Association (VFA) and the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Mohamed Ouali Stadium
Mohamed Ouali Stadium (Arabic: ملعب محمد والي), is a multi-use stadium in Mohammadia, Mascara, Algeria.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of SA Mohammadia.  The stadium holds 15,000 spectators.

Mohammadia, Mascara
Mohammadia is a town and commune in Mascara Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 71,366. It is 80 km southeast of Oran and 35 km north of Mascara. Under the name Perregaux, the city was founded by French colonists on the ruins of the Roman city of Castra Nova.
The Circle Game (album)
The Circle Game is the 1968 album from folk rock musician Tom Rush. He covers three songs from fellow singer-songwriter Joni Mitchell, as well as songs by Jackson Browne and James Taylor. Rush himself wrote "Rockport Sunday" and his classic, often-covered tune "No Regrets" which has become a folk standard and has been covered by several dozen artists, including Emmylou Harris, The Walker Brothers, Olivia Newton-John, indie-pop group Luna, and Curtis Stigers. In addition to his original rendition here, Rush himself later made a radically different version for Columbia Records featuring a screaming electric guitar solo.

Curtis Stigers
Curtis Stigers (born October 18, 1965) is an American jazz singer. He achieved a number of hits in the early 1990s, most notably the international hit "I Wonder Why" (1991), which reached No. 5 in the UK and No. 9 in the US.
Horipsestis aenea
Horipsestis aenea is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Wileman in 1911. It is found in Taiwan, the Chinese provinces of Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan and Yunnan and in Vietnam.

Drepanidae
The Drepanidae are a family of moths with about 660 species described worldwide. They are generally divided in three subfamilies, which share the same type of hearing organ. Thyatirinae, previously often placed in their own family, bear a superficial resemblance to Noctuidae. Many species in the drepanid family have a distinctively hook-shaped apex to the fore wing, leading to their common name of hook-tips.

The larvae of many species are very distinctive, tapering to a point at the tail and usually resting with both head and tail raised. They usually feed on the leaves of trees and shrubs, pupating between leaves spun together with silk.
Eden Prairie Town Center station
Eden Prairie Town Center station is one of four light rail stations planned in Eden Prairie, Minnesota on the Southwest LRT extension of the Green Line. In 2015, the station was deferred as a part of budget cuts in the planning process for the Southwest LRT. However in 2017, the city of Eden Prairie agreed to pay for the engineering design work for the station. The city of Eden Prairie officially received federal grant funding which enabled the station to be in the final construction plan for the Southwest LRT. The station will be located near the Eden Prairie Center shopping center and south of the intersection of I-494 and U.S. Route 212.

U.S. Route 212
U.S. Route 212 (US 212) is a spur of US 12. It runs for 949 miles (1,527 km) from Yellowstone National Park to Minnesota Highway 62 at Edina, Minnesota. It does not intersect US 12 now, but it once had an eastern terminus at US 12 in St. Paul, Minnesota. US 212 passes through the states of Minnesota, South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana. It goes through the cities of Watertown, South Dakota and Billings, Montana.
February 2009 Cairo terrorist attacks
The February 2009 Cairo terrorist attacks were three incidents that took place in Cairo, Egypt from 22 February 2009 to 28 February 2009. Of three attacks, only the first was fatal, resulting in the death of a 17-year-old French teenager. The attacks appeared to have been directed variously at foreign tourists and Egyptian nationals alike. None of the attacks was described by Egyptian security officials as sophisticated. The motivation of at least two of the attacks was not clear, but the spate of violence came amid heightened tension following the 2008-2009 Israel-Gaza conflict, during which Egyptians had protested against their government's closure of the Rafah Border Crossing.

Khan el-Khalili
Khan el-Khalili (Arabic: خان الخليلي) is a famous bazaar in the historic center of Cairo, Egypt. Established as a center of trade in the Mamluk era and named for one of its several historic caravanserais, the bazaar district has since become one of Cairo's main attractions for tourists and Egyptians alike. It is also home to many Egyptian artisans and workshops involved in the production of traditional crafts and souvenirs. The name Khan el-Khalili historically referred to a single building in the area; today it refers to the entire shopping district.
Dr. John Calef House
The Dr. John Calef House is a historic house at 7 Poplar Street in Ipswich, Massachusetts.  It is a well-preserved example of a First Period house with high-quality Georgian modifications.  The core of the house was built c. 1671 by Deacon Thomas Knowlton, who purchased the land on which it originally stood on South Main Street in that year.  It was subsequently altered in the middle of the 18th century, acquiring its present Georgian styling.  In the 1770s the house was owned by noted Loyalist John Caleff.  It was acquired in 1777 by John Heard, who moved the house to its present location in order to build a more elaborate Federalist house on the site.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

First Period architecture
First Period is an American architectural style that flourished between 1626 and 1725, used primarily by British colonists during the Colonial era, particularly in Massachusetts and Virginia. Essex County, Massachusetts, has the highest number of preserved First Period buildings.
WJTH
WJTH AM 900 is a radio station broadcasting a country music format, and is licensed to serve Calhoun, Georgia, United States. The station is currently owned by Cherokee Broadcasting Company and features programming from USA Radio Network, GNN (Georgia News Network) and Motor Racing Network.  WJTH also transmits on W269CC FM 101.7 MHz as a broadcast translator. W269CC has nearby Adairsville (to the southwest) as its city of license, and previously relayed WTSH-FM 107.1 from Rockmart prior to that station's power increase.

WJTH uses a folded unipole antenna.

Rockmart, Georgia
Rockmart is a town in Polk County, Georgia, United States. Its population was 4,732 at the 2020 census. It developed as a railroad depot town when the Southern Railway built a station in the area. The community was incorporated in 1872, and was named from abundant deposits of slate in the area. The Rockmart Downtown Historic District is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Fyodorovskoye Field
61°39′27″N 73°38′56″E﻿ / ﻿61.6575°N 73.6489°E﻿ / 61.6575; 73.6489

Fyodorovskoye is an oil field located in the Surgutsky District in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug in the West Siberian petroleum basin of Russia.  Discovered in 1971, it has been among Russia's top 10 oil fields since oil production commenced in 1974.  The oil field is owned and operated by Fyodorovneft, a subsidiary of Surgutneftegas, a Russian oil and gas company.

Surgutsky District
Surgutsky District  (Russian: Сургу́тский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the nine in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is located in the center of the autonomous okrug. The area of the district is 105,190 square kilometers (40,610 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Surgut (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 113,515 (2010 Census);  106,624 (2002 Census); 74,685 (1989 Soviet census).
Poltavka culture
Poltavka culture (Russian: Полтавкинская культура, romanized: Poltavkinskaya kul'tura) was an early to middle Bronze Age archaeological culture which flourished on the Volga-Ural steppe and the forest steppe in 2800–2100 BCE.

The Poltavka culture emerged as an eastern outgrowth of the Yamnaya culture, neighboring the Catacomb culture, another Yamnaya successor, in the west. It has been considered ancestral to later cultures that are identified as Indo-Iranian. The Poltavka culture influenced the later emergence of the Potapovka culture, Abashevo culture, Sintashta culture and Srubnaya culture.

David W. Anthony
David W. Anthony is an American anthropologist who is Professor Emeritus of Anthropology at Hartwick College. He specializes in Indo-European migrations, and is a proponent of the Kurgan hypothesis. Anthony is well known for his award-winning book The Horse, the Wheel, and Language (2007).
Lokmanya Tilak Terminus–Haridwar AC Superfast Express
The 12171 / 72 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Haridwar AC Superfast Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - Central Railway zone that runs between Lokmanya Tilak Terminus and Haridwar Junction in India.

It operates as train number 12171 from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus to Haridwar Junction and as train number 12172 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi & Uttarakhand.

Indian Railways coaching stock
Indian Railways coaching stock consists of various travel-classes of passenger coaches, freight wagons, and other specialised coaching stock for specific uses. The Indian Railways, which operates India's railway system, comes under the purview of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. As of 2022, it operates over 8,000 trains daily using an inventory of 84,863 passenger coaches and 318,196 freight wagons. The rolling stock is manufactured by five units owned by the Indian Railways, four public sector units, and one private company.
Khunkar-Pasha Israpilov
Khunkar-pasha Germanovich Israpilov (Chechen: German-voj Xunkarpaş, 13 November 1967 – 1 August 2000) was a Chechen separatist commander and an active participant of both the First and Second Chechen Wars. Khunkar-Pasha is from the Alaroy Teip (Uta-Bukhoy branch).

Israpilov took part in both the Budyonnovsk hospital hostage crisis and the Kizlyar-Pervomayskoye hostage crisis, and he was hit by a mine when leaving the encircled Grozny.

Chechen language
Chechen (Нохчийн, Noxçiyn, [ˈnɔxt͡ʃĩː]) is a Northeast Caucasian language, spoken primarily by the Chechen people, native to the Russian republic of Chechnya, as well as its neighbouring republics. With approximately 1.8 million speakers, it is also spoken by members of the Chechen diaspora throughout Russia and the rest of the world.
Savi
Savi is a town and arrondissement in the Atlantique Department of southern Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Ouidah. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 6949. It was previously the capital of the Kingdom of Whydah.

Institut national de la statistique et de l'analyse économique
The Institut national de la statistique et de l'analyse économique (INSAE) is a national institute of Benin, which is dedicated to collecting data in the country. It collects data on demographics, population, climatology, education,  employment, etc.
Formula One Paddock Club
The Formula One Paddock Club, known simply as the Paddock Club, is the Formula One hospitality service. Known for its high prices and exclusivity, it caters for VIP guests and team sponsors, offering luxury dining and superior views at Formula One Grand Prix events.

Very important person
A very important person (VIP or V.I.P.) or personage is a person who is accorded special privileges due to their high social rank, status, influence, or importance. The term was not common until sometime after World War II when it was popularised by Royal Air Force pilots.

Examples include celebrities, heads of state or government, other high-ranking politicians, or any other socially notable person who receives special treatment for any reason. The special treatment usually involves separation from common people, and a higher level of comfort or service.