hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Economic determinism
Economic determinism is a socioeconomic theory that economic relationships (such as being an owner or capitalist or being a worker or proletarian) are the foundation upon which all other societal and political arrangements in society are based. The theory stresses that societies are divided into competing economic classes whose relative political power is determined by the nature of the economic system.

In the writing of American history the term is associated with historian Charles A. Beard (1874–1948), who was not a Marxist but who emphasized the long-term political contest between bankers and business interest on the one hand, and agrarian interests on the other.

Agrarianism
Agrarianism is a social and political philosophy that advocates for rural development, a rural agricultural lifestyle, family farming, widespread property ownership, and political decentralization. Those who adhere to agrarianism tend to value traditional forms of local community over urban modernity. Agrarian political parties sometimes aim to support the rights and sustainability of small farmers and poor peasants against the wealthy, powerful and famous in society.
Baba Hafusa
Baba Hafusa is the third studio album by Nigerian rap act Reminisce which was released through EDGE Records and LRR Entertainment on 30 April 2015. It is the rapper's third overall studio album after releasing Book of Rap Stories in 2012 and Alaga Ibile in 2013. The studio album which features guest appearances from SoJay, Vector, Ice Prince, Olamide, Phyno, Sossick and Sean Tizzle was according to Reminisce a way of paying tribute to his daughter named Hafusa.

Edge Records
EDGE Records is a Lagos-based music record label jointly established by Ibrahim Okulaja and JahBless. The record label was founded in 2005 with 9ice becoming its first music act in 2006 before the release of his first studio album titled Certificate.
Per Ferskaug
Per Ferskaug (born 23 September 1958) is a Norwegian sailor. He was born in Oslo and represented the Royal Norwegian Yacht Club. He participated at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, where he placed 17th in the multihull class, together with Halvor Smith.

Yacht racing
Yacht racing is a sailing sport involving sailing yachts and larger sailboats, as distinguished from dinghy racing, which involves open boats. It is composed of multiple yachts, in direct competition, racing around a course marked by buoys or other fixed navigational devices or racing longer distances across open water from point-to-point. It can involve a series of races with buoy racing or multiple legs when point-to-point racing.
All the President's Men (film)
All the President's Men is a 1976 American biographical political thriller film directed by Alan J. Pakula, with a screenplay by William Goldman, about the Watergate scandal that brought down the presidency of Richard Nixon. Based on the 1974 non-fiction book by journalists Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward, it stars Robert Redford and Dustin Hoffman as Woodward and Bernstein, respectively, as they investigate the scandal for The Washington Post. It was produced by Walter Coblenz for Redford's Wildwood Enterprises.

The film garnered critical acclaim upon its release, and was nominated in multiple Oscar, Golden Globe and BAFTA categories; Jason Robards won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his portrayal of Ben Bradlee. In 2010, it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

Wildwood Enterprises, Inc
Wildwood Enterprises, Inc., is an American film and television production company. It was founded by actor and director Robert Redford.
It is sometimes credited as South Fork Pictures. In 1987, the company had partnered with Cineplex Odeon Films to launch a feature film subsidiary Northfolk Productions, which spent the next five years making five films, all with a budget of between $4 and 5 million.
Pierino Favalli
Pierino Favalli (1 May 1914 – 14 May 1986) was an Italian road cyclist. As an amateur he won the road race at the 1934 national championships and finished third at the 1936 World Championships. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1936 Summer Olympics and placed seventh and fourth, respectively. After the Olympics he turned professional and won the Milano–Torino race in 1938–40 and Milan–San Remo race in 1941, finishing second in 1937–38 and 1942. He also won one stage in the 1940 Giro d'Italia.

Cycling at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Men's individual road race
The men's individual road race cycling event at the 1936 Summer Olympics took place on 10 August over 100 km. Ninety-nine cyclists from 28 nations competed. This was the first time that the cycling road race was conducted as a mass start event since 1896 and was one of six cycling events at the 1936 Olympics. The men's team road race was held in conjunction with this event, with teams having four riders and the team time taken as sum of the team's three best finishers. The individual event was won by Robert Charpentier of France, with his teammate Guy Lapébie in second. Ernst Nievergelt of Switzerland took bronze. They were the first men's mass-start road race medals for both nations, which had not competed in 1896.
Theme (album)
Theme is the fourth album by Leslie West, released in February 1988 by Passport Records. The album features bassist Jack Bruce and drummer Joe Franco. It was produced by Leslie West and Paul Orofino, and the liner notes were written by Howard Stern.

Leslie West
Leslie Abel West (born Weinstein; October 22, 1945 – December 23, 2020) was an American guitarist, singer and songwriter. He was the co-founder, guitarist and co-lead vocalist of the rock band Mountain. West was named the 245th greatest guitarist of all time by Rolling Stone in 2023.
Gökmen Özdenak
Gökmen Özdenak (22 June 1947 – 31 December 2025) was a Turkish footballer who played as a striker. He is best known for his stint with Galatasaray, and is known by his nickname Ayı Gökmen (English, "Gökmen the Bear"). He represented the Turkey national team.

Prime Minister's Cup (Turkey)
The Prime Minister's Cup (Turkish: Başbakanlık Kupası) was a football competition organised by the Turkish Football Federation in Turkey. It began in 1944 and continued until 1950 as a unique kind of super cup competition between the winners of the Turkish Football Championship and the Turkish National Division. It was one of the earliest super cups in the world. In 1966, the Turkish Football Federation restarted the competition as a final game between the winners of the second division and the Turkish Amateur Championship and maintained this system until 1970. From 1971 to 1998 the competition was contested between the runners-up of the Super League and the Turkish Cup.

Fenerbahçe are the most successful club, having won the cup eight times.
Carlsbad 1911 chess tournament
The Carlsbad 1911 chess tournament was one of four well-known international chess tournaments held in the spa city of Carlsbad (Bohemia, then Austria-Hungary Empire). The other tournament years were 1907, 1923 and 1929.

The opening ceremony was held at the imperial bath hotel Kurhaus (Kaiserbad) on 20 August 1911. Twenty-six chess masters were invited to participate in the enormous round-robin tournament (325 games). Of the top players in the world then only three were missing from the tournament: Emanuel Lasker, Siegbert Tarrasch, and José Raúl Capablanca, who had won his first international tournament at San Sebastian earlier in the year. The participants played from 20 August to 24 September 1911. At the end Richard Teichmann was the winner.

The final standings and crosstable:

Siegbert Tarrasch
Siegbert Tarrasch (German pronunciation: [ˈziːɡbɐt ˈtaraʃ]; 5 March 1862 – 17 February 1934) was a German chess player, considered to have been among the strongest players and most influential theoreticians of the late 19th and early 20th century.
Indian cricket team in Australia in 2007–08
The Indian cricket team began a tour of Australia in December 2007, playing the 4 match Test series for the Border–Gavaskar Trophy, followed by a single Twenty20 match on 1 February 2008. They also participated in the Commonwealth Bank tri-series against Australia and Sri Lanka from 3 February to 4 March.

R. P. Singh
Rudra Pratap Singh pronunciationⓘ (born 6 December 1985), popularly known as R.P. Singh, is an Indian former cricketer, who played for the India national cricket team in Test, One Day International and Twenty20 International cricket as a left arm fast-medium bowler. He is current selector of senior men's indian cricket team. In September 2018, he announced his retirement from all forms of cricket. He was a member of the Indian team that won the 2007 T20 World Cup.
Kuzuculu
Kuzuculu is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Dörtyol, Hatay Province, Turkey. Its population is 11,171 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is almost merged to Dörtyol to the south.

The town was founded about five centuries ago by an Ottoman pasha named Emir Ali who built a watermill on the creek just south of the settlement. The first settlers were from Central Anatolia. They owned sheep herds and used this settlement as a kışlak (winter quarters for the herd). The name of the town refers to these early settlers, as Kuzucu means lamb owner. Kuzuculu was declared a seat of township in 1957.

Central Anatolia region
The Central Anatolia region (Turkish: İç Anadolu Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey. The largest city in the region is Ankara, the capital of Turkey. Other large cities are Konya, Kayseri, Eskişehir, Sivas, Aksaray and Kırşehir.

Located in Central Turkey, it is bordered by the Aegean region to the west, the Black Sea region to the north, the Eastern Anatolia region to the east, and the Mediterranean region to the south. It also shares a very slight border with the Marmara region in Bilecik Province.
Xanthobacteraceae
The Xanthobacteraceae are a family of bacteria that includes Azorhizobium, a genus of rhizobia. Xanthobacteraceae bacteria are diverse and Gram-negative, rod-shaped, and may be motile or non-motile depending on the specific bacteria. Their cells range in size from 0.4–1.0 × 0.8–6 μm, but when grown in the presence of alcohol as the sole carbon source, they can reach up to 10 μm in length. These bacteria do not form spores and have opaque, slimy colonies that appear slightly yellow due to the presence of zeaxanthin dirhamnoside.

The genus Xanthobacter was established in 1978 by Wiegel et al. based on numerical taxonomic comparisons of microorganisms that were then classified in the genus Corynebacterium. In 2005, Lee et al. proposed the family Xanthobacteraceae based on a comparison of 16S rRNA of the members of Alphaproteobacteria. The family includes five genera, namely Xanthobacter, Azorhizobium, Ancylobacter, Labrys, and Starkeya.

Corynebacterium
Corynebacterium (/kɔːˈraɪnəbækˌtɪəriəm, -ˈrɪn-/) is a genus of  Gram-positive bacteria and most are aerobic. They are bacilli (rod-shaped), and in some phases of life they are, more specifically, club-shaped, which inspired the genus name (coryneform means "club-shaped").

They are widely distributed in nature in the microbiota of animals (including the human microbiota) and are mostly innocuous, most commonly existing in commensal relationships with their hosts. Some, such as C. glutamicum, are commercially and industrially useful. Others can cause human disease, including, most notably, diphtheria, which is caused by C. diphtheriae. Like various species of microbiota (including their relatives in the genera Arcanobacterium and Trueperella), they are usually not pathogenic, but can occasionally capitalize opportunistically on atypical access to tissues (via wounds) or weakened host defenses.
Daniel Hagen
Daniel Hagen is an American voice, television, and film actor. He has had guest appearances on Seinfeld ("The Dealership"), CSI, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Friends, Sabrina, the Teenage Witch, and Charmed. He has voice acted for Star Wars video games such as Star Wars: Bounty Hunter, Star Wars: X-Wing Alliance, Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic. In other voice acting roles, he has voiced in the video games Area-51, Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker, Ratchet & Clank Future: Tools of Destruction, Ratchet & Clank Future: A Crack in Time, Ratchet & Clank: Into the Nexus, Dishonored, and the Skylanders series.

Ratchet & Clank Future: A Crack in Time
Ratchet & Clank Future: A Crack in Time (known as Ratchet & Clank: A Crack in Time in most PAL countries) is a 2009 third-person shooter platform video game developed by Insomniac Games and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3. It is the seventh main installment in the Ratchet & Clank series and the third in its Future saga.

Upon release, the game received critical acclaim, with praise particularly aimed at the story, visuals, and gameplay. The fourth and final installment of the Future saga, Ratchet & Clank: Into the Nexus, was released in November 2013.
A.E.K.–Olympiacos rivalry
The AEK–Olympiacos rivalry is a football local derby played between AEK Athens and Olympiacos. Both clubs are based in the Athens metropolitan area. AEK Athens comes from Nea Filadelfeia, a suburban town, while Olympiacos is based in the coastal city of Piraeus. The matches between the two teams are renowned for their strong on-pitch rivalry, they usually have high attendances, and most of them are very entertaining and very competitive with many goals scored by both sides.

Athens metropolitan area
The Athens metropolitan area (Greek: Μητροπολιτική Περιοχή της Αθήνας) spans 2,928.717 km2 (1,131 sq mi) within the Attica region and consists of 58 municipalities plus parts of East Attica and West Attica, having reached a population of 4,773,179 according to the 2021 census. The municipalities of Athens and Piraeus both serve as the two metropolitan centres of the Athens metropolitan area.

According to the Hellenic Telecommunications and Post Commission, the Athens metropolitan area consists of all areas with a dialing code of 21 and includes areas such as Salamina, Elefsina, Kifissia, Mandra, Magoula,
Aspropyrgos, Pallini, Agios Stefanos, Dionysos, Parnitha, Koropi, Vari, Vouliagmeni, Voula and the Athens International Airport.
Yeshnil Karan
Yeshnil Karan (born 16 March 2001) is a Fijian long-distance runner who has represented Fiji at the Commonwealth Games, Pacific Games and Pacific Mini Games.

Karan is from Yaladro, Tavua, and was educated at Tavua College.

Karan was controversially not selected for the 2019 Pacific Games.

At the 2022 Pacific Mini Games in Saipan he won gold in the 1,500 metres and bronze in the 5,000 metres.

Karan was selected for the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham, England.

At the 2023 Pacific Games in Honiara he won gold in the 10,000 metres, 5,000 metres, and 3,000 metres steeplechase.

2022 Pacific Mini Games
The 2022 Pacific Mini Games was held in Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands. It was the eleventh edition of the Pacific Mini Games and the first to be hosted by the Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands. This event was originally going to be held in 2021, but was postponed to 2022 due to COVID-19 pandemic.
Bikur Cholim B'nai Israel Synagogue
Bikur Cholim B'nai Israel Synagogue, nicknamed as the Little Blue Shul, is a historic Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in Swan Lake, Sullivan County, New York, in the United States.

The synagogue was built in 1926 and is a small, 1+1⁄2-story wood-frame building with a stucco finish. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

It is currently used annually three days a year for High Holiday services on Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur.

High Holy Days
In Judaism, the High Holy Days, also known as High Holidays or Days of Awe (Yamim Noraim; Hebrew: יָמִים נוֹרָאִים‎, Yāmīm Nōrāʾīm) consist of:

strictly, the holidays of Rosh Hashanah ("Jewish New Year") and Yom Kippur ("Day of Atonement");

by extension, the period of ten days including those holidays, known also as the Ten Days of Repentance (עשרת ימי תשובה); or,

by a further extension, the entire 40-day penitential period in the Jewish year from Rosh Chodesh Elul to Yom Kippur, traditionally taken to represent the forty days Moses spent on Mount Sinai before coming down with the second ("replacement") set of the Tablets of Stone.

The High Holy Days also are also considered to extend through the festival season of Sukkot, Shemini Atzeret, and Simchat Torah.
West End Records
West End Records is an American music record label based in New York City. Led by co-founder Mel Cheren, West End was one of the most prominent labels in dance music's history, along with Prelude Records, Salsoul Records, and Casablanca Records. West End Records helped introduce the twelve-inch single, the vinyl format popularized by disco music in the 1970s and promoted the nascent garage house music pioneered by DJ Larry Levan in Paradise Garage. West End Records was acquired by Verse music group in 2010. On June 29, 2015, Verse Music was acquired by BMG Rights Management.

Larry Levan
Lawrence Philpot (July 20, 1954 – November 8, 1992), known as Larry Levan (/ləˈvæn/ lə-VAN), was an American DJ best known for his decade-long residency at the New York City night club Paradise Garage, which has been described as the prototype of the modern dance club. He developed a cult following who referred to his sets as "Saturday Mass". Influential post-disco DJ François Kevorkian credits Levan with introducing the dub aesthetic into dance music. Along with Kevorkian, Levan experimented with drum machines and synthesizers in his productions and live sets, ushering in an electronic, post-disco sound that presaged the ascendence of house music. He DJ'd at Club Zanzibar in the 1980s as well, home to the Jersey Sound brand of deep house or garage house.
Baskharka
Lapchung Baskharka  is a village development committee in Parbat District in the Dhawalagiri Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 893 people living in 195 individual households.

Dhaulagiri Zone
Dhaulagiri (Nepali: धौलागिरी अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones which Nepal was divided into for administrative purposes, prior to the September 10, 2015 adoption of a new Constitution, which divided the nation instead into 7 provinces.  It is in the Western Development Region of Nepal and its headquarters are Baglung. Famous trekking areas like Mustang, Muktinath, Kali Gandaki valley and Mt Dhaulagiri fall in this zone. Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve, the only hunting reserve in Nepal is spread over Baglung and Myagdi Districts of this zone.
Isfahan Sepehr College
Isfahan Sepehr College (Persian: موسسه آموزش عالی و غیر انتفاعی سپهر اصفهان) is a College in Isfahan, Iran. It opened in January 2005. At present, the institution offers associate degrees in architecture, painting, theater, visual arts (graphic), and undergraduate degrees in architecture, painting, theater, graphics, film direction, and scriptwriting.

Undergraduate degree
An undergraduate degree (also called a first degree or simply a degree) is an academic degree awarded to a student who has completed an undergraduate program of study. In the United States, undergraduate degrees are typically offered at institutions of higher education such as colleges and universities. The most common types are the associate degree and the bachelor's degree, with the latter usually requiring at least three to four years of full-time study to complete.

In other higher education systems, the scope of undergraduate education may extend up to the level of a master's degree. This structure is found, for example, in certain science courses in the United Kingdom and in some long-cycle medicine programs in continental Europe. Such qualifications are sometimes categorized as basic academic degrees or as first professional degrees.
Esgrus
Esgrus (Danish: Eskeris) is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

The municipality consists of the hamlet of Esgrus, where the church is located, and which gave the municipality its name, three villages - Wippendorf, Brunsholm and Esgrusschauby - and four other hamlets (Atzbüll, Birzhaft, Grünholz, Haveholz). Esgrus is located in the northeast of Anglia, 6 km from the Gelting Bay and the Baltic Sea.

St. Mary's Church from the 12th century is one of the oldest fieldstone churches in Anglia. The Frauenhof estate is located in the southeast of the municipality.  The representative three-sided farm can be reached via a picturesque alley with a half-timbered gatehouse. A second manor house is Brunsholmhof.

St. Mary's Church

Frauenhof, Manor House with row of lime trees

Frauenhof Alley

Frauenhof Thatchered Gate House

Brunsholmhof

Gatehouse
A gatehouse is a type of fortified gateway, an entry control point building, enclosing or accompanying a gateway for a town, religious house, castle, manor house, or other fortification building of importance. Gatehouses are typically the most heavily armed section of a fortification, to compensate for being structurally the weakest and the most probable attack point by an enemy. There are numerous surviving examples in France, Austria, Germany, England and Japan.
M-11 highway (Montenegro)
M-11 highway (Montenegrin: Magistralni put M-11) (previously known as M-2.1) is a Montenegrin roadway.

The M-11 highway serves as an extension of the M-1 highway, serving Tivat and Tivat Airport. When used with Ferryboat to Kamenari it also serves as a shortcut for M-1 highway bypassing much of bay of Kotor.

It is the shortest highway in Montenegro.

Montenegrin language
Montenegrin (crnogorski / црногорски [tsr̩nǒɡorskiː]) is the standard variety of the Serbo-Croatian language mainly used by Montenegrins. It is the official language of Montenegro. Montenegrin is based on the most widespread dialect of Serbo-Croatian, Shtokavian, more specifically on Eastern Herzegovinian, which is also the basis of Standard Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian.

The language used in Montenegro has historically and traditionally been called simply as Serbian. The idea of a Montenegrin standard language distinct from Serbian is a relatively recent political development that emerged in the late 1990s and early 2000s amid the breakup of Yugoslavia. It was closely associated with movements advocating Montenegrin independence from Serbia and Montenegro. Following independence, Montenegrin was designated the official language of Montenegro in 2007 with the adoption of a new constitution.
Skorpa prisoner of war camp
Skorpa prisoner of war camp (Norwegian: Skorpa fangeleir) was a facility built by the Norwegian 6th Division to hold German prisoners of war during the 1940 Norwegian Campaign of the Second World War. It was located on the island of Skorpa in Kvænangen Municipality in Troms county, Norway. Skorpa was the main PoW camp in Northern Norway and held around 500 civilian and military prisoners when it was shut down at the end of the Norwegian Campaign.

Finnmark
Finnmark (Norwegian: [ˈfɪ̀nːmɑrk] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Finnmárku [ˈfinːˌmaːrːhkuː]; Kven: Finmarkku; Finnish: Finnmarkin lääni; Russian: Финнмарк) is a county in northern Norway. By land, it borders Troms county to the west, Finland's Lapland region to the south, and Russia's Murmansk Oblast to the east, and by water, the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean) to the northwest, and the Barents Sea (Arctic Ocean) to the north and northeast.

The county was formerly known as Finmarkens amt or Vardøhus amt. Since 2002, it has had two official names: Finnmark (Norwegian) and Finnmárku (Northern Sami). It is part of the Sápmi region, which spans four countries, as well as the Barents Region, and is Norway's second-largest and least populous county.

In January 2020, Finnmark merged with the neighbouring county of Troms to form Troms og Finnmark county. In January 2024, the counties of Finnmark and Troms were restored after parliament decided in June 2022 to separate them.