hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Roses Tournament
The Roses Tournament is an annual varsity sports competition between Lancaster University and the University of York in England. It is often described as the largest inter-university sports tournament in Europe.

The tournament is organised by their respective Students' Unions, LUSU and York SU. It takes its name from the 15th-century civil war, the Wars of the Roses, between the House of Lancaster and the House of York. The counties of Lancashire and Yorkshire are traditionally symbolised by the red and the white rose respectively, although some York teams play in gold and black kits. The competition is held every year during the early May bank holiday weekend, alternating its venue between the two universities.

White Rose of York
The White Rose of York (Latinised as rosa alba, blazoned as a rose argent) is a white heraldic rose which was adopted in the 14th century as a heraldic badge of the royal House of York. In the modern era, it is used more broadly as a symbol of Yorkshire.
Pantheon International
Pantheon International plc (LSE: PIN) is a large British publicly traded private equity fund of funds investment trust. Established in 1987, the company was the first private equity fund-of-funds investment trust and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. It is managed by Pantheon Ventures.The trust is chaired by Sir Laurie Magnus.

Fund of funds
A "fund of funds" (FOF) is an investment strategy of holding a portfolio of other investment funds rather than investing directly in stocks, bonds or other securities. This type of investing is often referred to as multi-manager investment. A fund of funds may be "fettered", meaning that it invests only in funds managed by the same investment company, or "unfettered", meaning that it can invest in external funds run by other managers.

There are different types of FOF, each investing in a different type of collective investment scheme (typically one type per FOF), for example a mutual fund FOF, a hedge fund FOF, a private-equity FOF, or an investment trust FOF. The original Fund of Funds was created by Bernie Cornfeld in 1962. It went bankrupt after being looted by Robert Vesco.
Alexis Chiclana
Alexis Chiclana Meléndez (born February 2, 1987) is a Puerto Rican judoka, who played for the middleweight category. He won a bronze medal for his division at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.

Chiclana represented Puerto Rico at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where he competed for the men's middleweight class (90 kg). He lost the first preliminary match, with an ippon and an uchi mata (inner thigh throw), to Spain's David Alarza.

Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
Mayagüez (Spanish pronunciation: [maʝaˈɣwes], locally [maʝaˈweʔ]) is the ninth-largest municipality in Puerto Rico. It was founded as Pueblo de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria de Mayagüez (Township of Our Lady of Candelaria), and is also known as La Sultana del Oeste (The Sultaness of the West), Ciudad de las Aguas Puras (City of Pure Waters), or Ciudad del Mangó (Mango City). On April 6, 1894, the Spanish Crown granted it the formal title of Excelente Ciudad de Mayagüez (Excellent City of Mayagüez). Mayagüez is located in the center of the western coast on the island of Puerto Rico. It has a population of 73,077, and it is the principal city of the Mayagüez Metropolitan Statistical Area (pop. 213,831) and the Mayagüez–Aguadilla, PR Combined Statistical Area (pop. 467,599).
Helen Wang
Helen Kay Wang (née Below; simplified Chinese: 汪海岚; traditional Chinese: 汪海嵐; pinyin: Wāng Hǎilán; born 1965) is an English sinologist and translator. She works as curator of East Asian Money at the British Museum in London. She has also published a number of literary translations from Chinese, including an award-winning translation of a Chinese children's book.

Sinology
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilization primarily through Chinese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science. Its origin "may be traced to the examination which Chinese scholars made of their own civilization."

The academic field of sinology often refers to Western scholarship. Until the 20th century, it was historically seen as equivalent to philology concerning the Chinese classics and other literature written in the Chinese language. Since then, the scope of sinology has expanded to include Chinese history and palaeography, among other subjects.
Baird High School
Baird High School is a public high school located in Baird, Texas (USA) and classified as a 1A school by the UIL. It is part of the Baird Independent School District located in central Callahan County. For the 2021-2022 school year, the school was given a "B" by the Texas Education Agency.

Baird Independent School District
Baird Independent School District is a public school district based in Baird, Texas (USA). In addition to Baird, the district also serves the town of Putnam. The district operates one high school, Baird High School.
Grandma's Gifts
Grandma's Gifts is an incorporated, non-profit organization started by Emily Elizabeth Douglas in 1993 at age 11, in memory of her grandmother. The organization provides goods and services to impoverished children and their families while focusing on Appalachian areas of the United States. Since its inception, Grandma's Gifts has raised over USD 12 million worth of goods and services while never paying its volunteers.

Theta Phi Alpha
Theta Phi Alpha (ΘΦΑ), commonly known as Theta Phi, is a women's fraternity founded at the University of Michigan – Ann Arbor on August 30, 1912. Theta Phi Alpha is one of 26 national sororities recognized in the National Panhellenic Conference. Today, Theta Phi Alpha has 54 active chapters across the United States. Theta Phi has alumnae clubs and associations in almost every major city. In 1993, Theta Phi Alpha adopted reducing homelessness as a philanthropic cause.

Although Theta Phi Alpha began as a sorority for Catholic women, the organization opened its doors to all women in 1968.
Catherine Gentilcore
Catherine Gentilcore MNA (born October 19, 1985) is a Canadian politician, activist, and manager, who was elected to the National Assembly of Quebec in a 2025 provincial by-election. She represents the electoral district of Terrebonne as a member of the Parti Québécois (PQ). She has been president of the PQ since October 29, 2023.

Le Devoir
Le Devoir (French pronunciation: [lə də.vwɑʁ], 'Duty') is a French-language newspaper published in Montreal and distributed in Quebec and throughout Canada. It was founded by journalist and politician Henri Bourassa in 1910.

Le Devoir is one of few independent large-circulation newspapers in Quebec (and one of the few in Canada) in a market dominated by the media conglomerate Quebecor (including Le Journal de Montréal).

Historically Le Devoir was considered Canada's francophone newspaper of record, although by the end of the 20th century, that title was mostly used for its competitor La Presse. As of 2023, La Presse retains a higher readership compared to Le Devoir.
Long Island Sound link
The Long Island Sound link is a proposed bridge or tunnel that would link Long Island, New York, to either Westchester County or Connecticut, across Long Island Sound east of the Throgs Neck Bridge. The project has been studied and debated since the mid-20th century. The most recent proposal is a tunnel between Rye, New York, on the mainland and Oyster Bay on the island. Feasibility studies for bridges and tunnels have been conducted for numerous entry points.

Environmental impact statement
An environmental impact statement (EIS), under United States environmental law, is a document required by the 1969 National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for certain actions "significantly affecting the quality of the human environment". An EIS is a tool for decision making.  It describes the positive and negative environmental effects of a proposed action, and it usually also lists one or more alternative actions that may be chosen instead of the action described in the EIS. One of the primary authors of the act is Lynton K. Caldwell.

Preliminary versions of these documents are officially known as a draft environmental impact statement (DEIS) or draft environmental impact report (DEIR).
Peter McKay (Australian politician)
Peter Charles McKay was a member of the Tasmanian Legislative Council from 1976 until 1999.

McKay was first elected as an independent member in the Electoral division of Pembroke after his father, Ben McKay died in office. In the ensuing 1976 Pembroke by-election he secured a majority of votes.

He became a member of the Liberal Party in 1991, thus becoming only the second Liberal to hold a seat on the Legislative Council. McKay only faced one election as a Liberal member, in 1995, which he won on preferences.

McKay served as Minister for Health during the Rundle government.

Electoral division of Pembroke
The electoral division of Pembroke is one of the 15 electorates or 'seats' in the Tasmanian Legislative Council or upper house. It is located on Hobart's Eastern Shore (east side of the Derwent River) and includes a number of suburbs; Risdon Vale, Geilston Bay, Rose Bay, Lindisfarne, Warrane, Mornington, Bellerive, Howrah and Tranmere. In earlier times, the division included most of the east coast of Tasmania as far north as Bicheno, including the Tasman Peninsula.

The electorate takes its name from a county which was created in Tasmania by early British settlers. The division and the former county both took their name from Pembrokeshire in Wales.
Rossini (surname)
Rossini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrea Rossini (born 1990), Italian footballer (goalkeeper)

Carolina Rossini, Brazilian-American attorney

Carl Rossini Diton (1886–1962), American pianist and composer

Carlo Conti Rossini (1872–1949), Italian orientalist

Elena Rossini, Italian filmmaker, writer and artist

Fausto Rossini (born 1978), Italian footballer (forward)

Gioachino Rossini (1792–1868), Italian composer

Giuseppe Rossini (born 1986), Italian-Belgian footballer

Jonathan Rossini, Swiss footballer

Luigi Rossini (1790–1857), Italian artist

Márcio Rossini (born 1960), Brazilian former footballer

Salvatore Rossini (born 1986), Italian volleyball player

Stefano Rossini (born 1971), Italian footballer

Stefano Rossini (footballer, born 1991), Italian

Stéphane Rossini (born 1963), Swiss politician

Carl Rossini Diton
Carl Rossini Diton (October 30, 1886 – January 25, 1962) was a pianist and composer. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and graduated from the University of Pennsylvania and received a diploma from Juilliard. He traveled extensively as a concert pianist and was said to have been the first black pianist to make a transcontinental tour in 1909.

Diton worked with traditional spirituals and performed them in concert styles and for solo organ performances. He worked as a church organist at St. Thomas's African Episcopal Church in Philadelphia, offered private lessons, and was the assistant to the head of the symphonic orchestration department at Juilliard for nine years.

Diton was a charter member of the National Association of Negro Musicians and served as its president from 1926 through 1928. He won a Harmon Award for music in 1929.
Diagonal mirror
A diagonal mirror is a flat mirror used to produce a right-angle bend in a light path.  Examples of diagonal mirrors include:

The secondary mirror used in a Newtonian telescope

The tertiary mirror used in a Nasmyth telescope

A star diagonal right-angled telescope eyepiece mount

An optical Edwardian parlour entertainment device also known as a Zograscope

Star diagonal
A star diagonal, erecting lens or diagonal mirror is an angled mirror or prism used in telescopes that allows viewing from a direction that is perpendicular to the usual eyepiece axis. It allows more convenient and comfortable viewing when the telescope is pointed at, or near the zenith (i.e. directly overhead).  Also, the resulting image is right side up, but is reversed from left to right.
Unity: The Latin Tribute to Michael Jackson
Unity: The Latin Tribute to Michael Jackson, also known as Unity, is a collaborative musical project formed to create a Michael Jackson tribute album inspired by Latin music styles. The leader of the project is Peruvian-American musician Tony Succar, and vocals are provided by a number of leading artists in Latin music genres, especially salsa. Succar's aim with the project was to celebrate Jackson's music and legacy by combining it with a Latin-orchestrated sound. The stated goal is "to honor the legacy of Michael Jackson, the King of Pop. By remaining true to his artistic essence, excellence, and music we seek to unify all human beings." Upon its release, the album debuted at number one on the Billboard Tropical Albums chart.

Jon Secada
Juan Francisco Secada Ramírez (born October 4, 1961), better known as Jon Secada, is a Cuban-born American singer. He has won two Grammy Awards and sold 15 million records, making him one of the best-selling Latin music artists. His music fuses funk, soul music, pop, and Latin percussion.

Secada has written songs for Gloria Estefan, Ricky Martin, and Jennifer Lopez. He has toured with Luciano Pavarotti and recorded duets with Jim Brickman, Olivia Newton-John, and Frank Sinatra.

Secada has performed several times at A Capitol Fourth, an annual Independence Day concert from the United States Capitol.
Earl Sterndale
Earl Sterndale is a village in the Upper Dove Valley in the Peak District, Derbyshire, England, situated near the River Dove, 5 miles south of Buxton, and 8 miles west of Bakewell. The population at the 2011 Census is listed under Hartington Middle Quarter. It is 1,100 feet (340 m) above sea level. The farms surrounding the village were medieval monastic granges in the care of the monks of Basingwerk Abbey.

Basingwerk Abbey
Basingwerk Abbey (Welsh: Abaty Dinas Basing) is a Grade I listed ruined abbey near Holywell, Flintshire, Wales. The abbey, which was founded in the 12th century, belonged to the Order of Cistercians. It maintained significant lands in the English county of Derbyshire. The abbey was abandoned and its assets sold following the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1536.

The site is now managed by Cadw – the national Welsh heritage agency.
Rima Hassan
Rima Hassan Mobarak (Arabic: ريما حسن مبارك, romanized: Rīmā Ḥasan Mubārak; born 28 April 1992) is a French jurist and politician of Palestinian origin, born in the Neirab refugee camp, near Aleppo, Syria. Stateless, she arrived in France around the age of nine and settled with her family in Niort. After obtaining French nationality upon reaching adulthood, she earned a master's degree in international law from Panthéon-Sorbonne University.

In 2019, Hassan founded the Refugee Camps Observatory, an NGO dedicated to the study and protection of refugee camps worldwide. In 2023, she founded the Action Palestine France collective. That same year, she joined La France Insoumise to contest the 2024 European Parliament election on Manon Aubry's list. She was elected to the European Parliament on 9 June 2024.

Roberta Metsola
Roberta Metsola (née Tedesco Triccas; born 18 January 1979) is a Maltese politician who has served as the president of the European Parliament since January 2022. She is a member of Malta's Nationalist Party (PN) and the European People's Party (EPP).

Metsola was first elected as a member of the European Parliament (MEP) in 2013, and became the First Vice-President of the European Parliament in November 2020. Following the death of the incumbent president David Sassoli, Metsola was elected as president of the European Parliament on 18 January 2022, becoming the youngest ever president, the first Maltese person to hold the office, and the first female president since 2002.
Saint-Avold 2nd Canton
The 2nd Canton of Saint-Avold is a French former administrative division, located in the arrondissement of Forbach, in the Moselle département (Lorraine région). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It had 21,046 inhabitants in 2012.

Moselle (department)
Moselle (French pronunciation: [mɔzɛl] ⓘ) is the most populous department in Lorraine, in the northeast of France, and is named after the river Moselle, a tributary of the Rhine, which flows through the western part of the department. It had a population of 1,046,543 in 2019. Inhabitants of the department are known as Mosellans.
Ergun City
Ergun (Chinese: 额尔古纳市; Mongolian: ᠡᠷᠬᠥᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ), formerly Ergun Right Banner (Chinese: 额尔古纳右旗), is a county-level city in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia, containing the autonomous region's northernmost point. The city has an area of 28,958 square kilometres (11,181 mi2), and a population of 79,155 as of 2019.: 20–1

Administrative divisions of China
The administrative divisions of China have consisted of several levels since 1412, due to mainland China's large population and geographical area. In the People's Republic of China, the constitution provides for three levels of government. However in practice, there are five levels of local government; the provincial (province, autonomous region, municipality, and special administrative region), prefecture, county, township, and village.

Since the 17th century, provincial boundaries in mainland China have remained largely static. Major changes since then have been the reorganization of provinces in the northeast after the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and the formation of autonomous regions, based on Soviet ethnic policies. The provinces serve an important cultural role in China, as people tend to identify with their native province.
International Business Center (Seoul)
The International Business Center was a proposed supertall skyscraper in Seoul, South Korea. The skyscraper was planned to be 580 metres (1,900 ft), with 130 storeys. A height limit of 413 m (1,355 ft) for the area was not enforced by the South Korean Air Force, allowing the structure to tower an additional 170 m (560 ft).

The building was renamed Digital Media City Landmark Building (Seoul Lite) in 2008, and details were changed to promote the plan. Nonetheless, the project was cancelled in 2012.

Republic of Korea Air Force
The Republic of Korea Air Force (ROKAF; Korean: 대한민국 공군; Hanja: 大韓民國空軍; RR: Daehanminguk Gong-gun), also known as the ROK Air Force or South Korean Air Force, is the aerial and space warfare service branch of South Korea, operating under the South Korean Ministry of National Defense.
Adina, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Adina is a town and union council of Swabi District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.This town was named after Punjabi Warlord Adina Beg Khan who defeated Ahmad Shah Abdali in Battle of Manupur and Battle of Mahilpur.  It is located at an altitude of 303 metres (997 feet).

Swabi District
Swabi District (Pashto: سوابۍ ولسوالۍ) is a district in the Mardan Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan. It lies between the Indus and Kabul Rivers. Before becoming a district in 1988, it was a tehsil within the Mardan District. 96% of the population speaks Pashto as their first language.

The dominating tribe of Swabi is the Yusufzai,  followed by the minor Utmankhel, Lodi, Tarakai, Jadoon and Khattak.
August 1992 Şırnak Clashes
August 1992 Şırnak Clashes were a series of clashes that broke out in the city of Şırnak between Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and Turkish security forces from 18 to 21 August 1992, after PKK members had built barricades and attacked the District Gendarmerie Command's building with rockets and mortars. During this battle over 20,000 of Şırnak's 25,000 inhabitants fled the town due to the violence. A total of 107 people were killed, including 85 rebels and 22 civilians.

The clashes started when a large force of PKK rebels attacked government buildings in Şırnak on the night of 18 August, and security forces responded by shelling and firing on rebel positions. Following the battle, a curfew was imposed in the town.

Similar operations were later launched in the towns of Kulp in Diyarbakır Province on 3 October 1992, and Varto in Muş Province on 17 September 1996.

Kulp, Turkey
Kulp (Kurdish: Pasûr, Ottoman Turkish: قولب, romanized: Qulb, central district: Ottoman Turkish: پاصور, romanized: Pasur, Armenian: Խուլփ, romanized: Khulp) is a municipality and district of Diyarbakır Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,493 km2, and its population is 34,357 (2022). It is populated by Kurds.
History of pizza
The history of pizza began in antiquity, as various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with several toppings. Pizza today is an Italian dish with a flat dough-based base and toppings, with significant Italian roots in history.

A precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flatbread known to the Romans as panis focacius, to which toppings were then added. Modern pizza evolved from similar flatbread dishes in Naples, Italy, between the 16th and mid-18th century.

The word pizza was first documented in 997 CE in Gaeta and successively in different parts of central and southern Italy. Furthermore, the Etymological Dictionary of the Italian Language explains the word pizza as coming from dialectal pinza, 'clamp', as in modern Italian pinze, 'pliers, pincers, tongs, forceps'. Their origin is from Latin pinsere, 'to pound, stamp'.

Gaeta
Gaeta (Italian: [ɡaˈeːta]; Latin: Cāiēta; Southern Laziale: Gaieta) is a seaside resort in the province of Latina in Lazio, Italy. Set on a promontory stretching towards the Gulf of Gaeta, it is 133 km (83 mi) south of Rome and 96.5 km (60 mi) north of Naples.

The city has played a conspicuous part in military history; its walls date to Roman times and were extended and strengthened in the 15th century, especially throughout the history of the Kingdom of Naples (later the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies).

Present-day Gaeta is a fishing port and a seaside resort. NATO has a naval base here. In 2025, it received the blue and green flags from FEE for the twelfth consecutive year. It is one of the I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
High Integrity C++
High Integrity C++ (HIC++ or formerly HICPP) is a software coding standard for the C++ programming language developed by Programming Research Limited, now part of Perforce Software. HIC++ was first published in October 2003. The latest revision, version 4.0, was released in October 2013 and documents 155 rules that restrict the use of ISO C++ language to improve software maintenance and reliability in high reliability or safety critical applications.

The Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) C++ coding standard reference list includes High Integrity C++ .

Perforce
Perforce Software, Inc. is an American developer of software used for developing and running applications, including version control software, web-based repository management, developer collaboration, application lifecycle management, web application servers, debugging tools, platform automation, and agile planning software.

The company is based in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and is equally owned by private equity firms Clearlake Capital and Francisco Partners.