hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Operation Dove (Ireland)
Operation Dove ("Unternehmen Taube" in German) also sometimes known as Operation Pigeon, was an Abwehr sanctioned mission devised in early 1940. The plan envisioned the transport of IRA Chief of Staff Seán Russell to Ireland, and on the arrival of Frank Ryan in Berlin three days before the launch of the operation, it was also decided to transport him during the operation.

Chief of Staff of the Irish Republican Army
Several people are reported to have served as Chief of Staff of the Irish Republican Army (Irish: Ceann Foirne Óglaigh na hÉireann) in the organisations bearing that name.  Due to the clandestine nature of these organisations, this list is not definitive.
Salvelinus boganidae
Salvelinus boganidae is a species of bony fish in the family Salmonidae. The fish is endemic to Russia. It is found only in Katanga Lake, the Piasina River Basin in the Taimyr Peninsula and in the Anadyr River Basin in the Chukchi Peninsula. The fish grows up to 46.5 cm long.

Anadyr (river)
The Anadyr (Russian: Анадырь [ɐˈnadɨrʲ]; Northern Yukaghir: Онандырь, romanized: Onandyr’; Chukot: Йъаайваам, romanized: J’āiwām) is a river in the far northeast of Siberia which flows into the Gulf of Anadyr of the Bering Sea and drains much of the interior of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Its basin corresponds to the Anadyrsky District of Chukotka.
River Ruel
River Ruel is a watercourse in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. Around 9 miles (14 km) long, it flows into Loch Ruel (also known as Loch Riddon).

The river passes settlements such as Clachan of Glendaruel and Ormsdale.

Argyll and Bute
Argyll and Bute (Scots: Argyll an Buit; Scottish Gaelic: Earra-Ghàidheal agus Bòd, pronounced [ɛrˠəˈɣɛːəl̪ˠ akəs̪ ˈpɔːtʲ]) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland and a lieutenancy area. The current lord-lieutenant for Argyll and Bute is Jane Margaret MacLeod (14 July 2020). The administrative centre for the council area is in Lochgilphead at Kilmory Castle, a 19th-century Gothic Revival building and estate. The current council leader is Councillor Jim Lynch.

Argyll and Bute covers the second-largest administrative area of any Scottish council. The council area adjoins those of Highland, Perth and Kinross, Stirling and West Dunbartonshire.
Prime rate
The prime rate or prime lending rate is an interest rate used by banks, typically representing the rate at which they lend to their most creditworthy customers. Some variable interest rates may be expressed as a percentage above or below prime rate.: 8

The prime rate is used often as an index in calculating rate changes to adjustable-rate mortgages (ARM) and other variable rate short-term loans. It is used in the calculation of some private student loans. Many credit cards and home equity lines of credit with variable interest rates have their rate specified as the prime rate (index) plus a fixed value commonly called the spread or margin.

Student loan
A student loan is a type of loan designed to help students pay for tertiary education and the associated fees, such as tuition, books and supplies, and living expenses. It may differ from other types of loans in the fact that the interest rate may be substantially lower and the repayment schedule may be deferred while the student is still in school. It also differs in many countries in the strict laws regulating renegotiating and bankruptcy. This article highlights the differences of the student loan system in several major countries. The financial risk of student loan defaults can be carried by the tertiary education institution.

A student loan is one of many forms of student financial aid.
Thomas D. Boston
Thomas "Danny" Boston (circa 1948 - ) is an American economist who is professor emeritus of Economics and International Affairs in the Sam Nunn School of International Affairs at Georgia Tech. He is a past president of the National Economic Association.

National Economic Association
The National Economic Association (NEA) is a learned society established in 1969, focused on initiatives in the field of economics.

The purposes of the Association are "to promote the professional lives of minorities within the profession. In addition to continuing its founding mission, the organization is particularly interested in producing and distributing knowledge of economic issues that are of exceptional interest to promoting economic growth among native and immigrant African Americans, Latinos, and other people of color." Membership in the Association is available to professionals and graduate students in Economics and related disciplines. The NEA publishes the Review of Black Political Economy and regularly collaborates with the Allied Social Science Associations, American Economic Association, and American Society of Hispanic Economics.
Long Way Down (Kiss song)
"Long Way Down" is a song by the American rock band Kiss from their 2012 studio album Monster. The song was written by Paul Stanley and Tommy Thayer and produced by Paul Stanley. It was the album's second and final single.

It impacted radio on October 23, 2012.

Tommy Thayer
Thomas Cunningham Thayer (born November 7, 1960) is an American musician. Thayer was the lead guitarist and vocalist for the hard rock band Kiss from 2002 to 2023. He was also the lead guitarist for the band Black 'n Blue.
Radio in Yemen
Broadcasting began in Yemen in the 1940s when it was still divided into South and North Yemen, with the South being ruled by the British and the North being ruled by the Kingdom of Yemen. After the unity of Yemen in 1990, Yemeni government reformed its corporations and founded some additional radio channels which can broadcast locally. However, it drew back after 1994 due to destroyed infrastructures by the civil war. In 1995 it commenced its first TV broadcasting abroad and since then there has been some gradual increase in its radio and television channels most of which belong to the government.

Monochrome
A monochrome or monochromatic image, object or palette is composed of one color (or values of one color). Images using only shades of grey are called grayscale (typically digital) or black-and-white (typically analog). In physics, monochromatic light refers to electromagnetic radiation that contains a narrow band of wavelengths, which is a distinct concept.
Gedser–Rostock bridge
The Gedser–Rostock bridge was a proposed project that would have linked the Danish island Falster with Rostock in Germany. The 45 km (28 mi) route across the Baltic Sea would have been part of European route E55 and the main link between Scandinavia and Berlin. It was rejected in 2007 in favour of the Fehmarn Belt tunnel, which finally began construction in 2021.

Although the distance was twice as long as the preferred route across the Fehmarn Belt, the bridge would have been be built in manageable water depths as this part of the Baltic is quite shallow. For instance the sea south of Gedser on Falster has depths of less than 10 metres (33 ft) for some 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) in this area. If the crossing had been built as a bridge, it would have been the longest bridge in the world over a body of water. Scandlines ferries continue to operate between Gedser and Rostock operating through the Fehmarn Belt line.

Falster
Falster (Danish: [ˈfælˀstɐ]) is an island in south-eastern Denmark with an area of 486.2 km2 (187.7 sq mi) and 43,398 inhabitants as of 1 January 2010. Located in the Kattegat, Belts and Sound area, it is part of Region Zealand and is administered by Guldborgsund Municipality. Falster includes Denmark's southernmost point, Gedser Odde, near Gedser.

The largest town is Nykøbing Falster with over 40% of the island's inhabitants. Other towns include Stubbekøbing, Nørre Alslev and Gedser.

Falster has motor and railway links both to the larger island of Zealand to the north and to the island of Lolland to the south-west. These links also lead to the smaller islands of Masnedø and Farø. European route E47 links Copenhagen to Hamburg (Germany) via Falster.
Sawalha
Sawalha is an Arabic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Julia Sawalha (born 1968), English actress

Nabil Sawalha (born 1941), Jordanian comedian

Nadia Sawalha (born 1964), English actress and television presenter

Nadim Sawalha (born 1935), Jordanian-British actor

Woroud Sawalha (born 1991), Palestinian middle distance runner

Nadia Sawalha
Nadia Sawalha (/səˈwəlxə/; born 18 November 1964) is an English actress, television personality, writer, TV cook and vlogger. She is best known as a long-term regular panellist on the ITV daytime talk show Loose Women, being one of the original panellists from its start in 1999 until 2002, before returning to the show in 2013 after a panellist revamp. She played the role of Gina in the ITV comedy Second Thoughts from 1992 to 1994, and Annie Palmer on the BBC One soap opera EastEnders from 1997 to 1999. She has also had minor roles in The Bill, Casualty, Benidorm and 99-1. Sawalha presented a number of television programmes in the early 2000s, whilst taking a break from Loose Women.

Sawalha won the 2007 series of Celebrity MasterChef. She has been cooking with her sister Dina on YouTube since January 2023.
Robin Bell
Robin Bell (born 16 November 1977 in Cape Town) is a South African-born, Australian slalom canoeist who competed from the late 1990s to the late 2000s. Competing in three Summer Olympics, he won a bronze medal in the C1 event in Beijing in 2008.

Bell also won a complete set of medals in the C1 event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with a gold in 2005, a silver in 1999 and a bronze in 2007.

He won the overall World Cup title in C1 in 2005 and 2008.

He was named Western Australian Sports Star of the Year in 2005, and became world number one in 2006.

2008 Canoe Slalom World Cup
The 2008 Canoe Slalom World Cup was a series of seven races in 4 canoeing and kayaking categories organized by the International Canoe Federation (ICF). It was the 21st edition. The series consisted of 4 continental championships (Africa, Oceania, Pan American and Asia) which were open to all countries and 3 world cup races. The athletes gained points for their results in the three world cup races plus their best result from any of the four continental championships.
Michael Downs
Michael Lynn Downs (born June 9, 1959) is an American former professional football player who was a safety in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys and Phoenix Cardinals. He played college football for the Rice Owls.

Rice Owls football
The Rice Owls football program represents Rice University in the sport of American football. The team competes at the NCAA Division I FBS level and compete in the American Athletic Conference. Rice Stadium, built in 1950, hosts the Owls' home football games. Rice has the second-smallest undergraduate enrollment of any FBS member, ahead of only Tulsa.
Igbo people in Jamaica
Igbo people in Jamaica were trafficked by Europeans onto the island between the 18th and 19th centuries as enslaved labour on plantations. Igbo people constituted a large portion of the African population enslaved people in Jamaica. Jamaica received the largest number of enslaved people from the Bight of Biafra region than anywhere else in the diaspora during the slave trade. Some slave censuses detailed the large number of enslaved Igbo people on various plantations throughout the island on different dates throughout the 18th century. Their presence was a large part in forming Jamaican culture, Igbo cultural influence remains in language, dance, music, folklore, cuisine, religion and mannerisms. In Jamaica the Igbo were often referred to as Eboe or Ibo. There are a substantial number of Igbo language loanwords in Jamaican Patois. Igbo people mostly populated the northwestern section of the island.

Loanword
A loanword is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language (the recipient or target language), through the process of borrowing. Borrowing is a metaphorical term that is well established in the linguistic field despite its acknowledged descriptive flaws: nothing is taken away from the donor language and there is no expectation of returning anything (i.e., the loanword).

Loanwords may be contrasted with calques, in which a word is borrowed into the recipient language by being directly translated from the donor language rather than being adopted in (an approximation of) its original form. They must also be distinguished from cognates, which are words in two or more related languages that are similar because they share an etymological origin in the ancestral language, rather than because one borrowed the word from the other.
Cadet rifle
A cadet rifle is a rifle used by military cadets and others for basic firearms and marksmanship training. Generally .22 caliber and bolt-action, they also come in semi-automatic versions. They are often miniature .22 caliber versions of standard issue service rifles.

Older 19th century cadet rifles were simply smaller and lighter versions of standard issue service rifles designed to fire reduced power cartridges.

Service rifle
A service rifle (or standard-issue rifle) is any rifle a military issues to its regular soldiers or infantry. In modern militaries, this is generally a versatile, rugged, and reliable assault rifle or battle rifle, suitable for use in nearly all environments and is effective in most combat situations. Service rifles are solely designated and used as the primary weapon in almost all instances of warfare and training. Almost all modern militaries are also issued service pistols as sidearms to accompany their service rifles. The term can also be used to describe weapons issued by non-military forces, such as law enforcement or paramilitaries.

If the issued weapon is not a rifle or carbine, but instead a different type of firearm intended to serve in a specialized role such as a combat shotgun, submachine gun, or light machine gun, it is called a service firearm or service weapon.
FurryBall
FurryBall is 3D computer graphics software and plug-in for real-time GPU production quality unbiased rendering. It is also a biased final frame renderer used for many short and full length animated movies. FurryBall was used for rendering the feature animated movie Goat story with Cheese - it was probably the first world feature animated movie rendered completely only on GPU in 2012.

Autodesk 3ds Max
Autodesk 3ds Max, formerly 3D Studio and 3D Studio Max, is a professional 3D computer graphics program for making 3D animations, models, games and images. It is developed and produced by Autodesk Media and Entertainment. It has modeling capabilities and a flexible plugin architecture and must be used on the Microsoft Windows platform. It is frequently used by video game developers, many TV commercial studios, and architectural visualization studios. It is also used for movie effects and movie pre-visualization. 3ds Max features shaders (such as ambient occlusion and subsurface scattering), dynamic simulation, particle systems, radiosity, normal map creation and rendering, global illumination, a customizable user interface, and its own scripting language.
Oligospermia
Terms oligospermia, oligozoospermia, and low sperm count refer to semen with a low concentration of sperm and is a common finding in male infertility. Often, semen with a decreased sperm concentration may also show significant abnormalities in sperm morphology and motility (technically oligoasthenoteratozoospermia). There has been interest in replacing the descriptive terms used in semen analysis with more quantitative information.

Varicocele
A varicocele is an abnormal enlargement of the pampiniform venous plexus in the scrotum. In males, this plexus of veins drains blood from the testicles back to the heart. The vessels originate in the abdomen and course down through the inguinal canal as part of the spermatic cord on their way to the testis.

Many varicoceles are asymptomatic, but some cause a dull ache or a feeling of heaviness in the scrotum. Varicoceles are the most common correctable cause of male infertility, found in approximately 35–44% of men with primary infertility. They are also increasingly recognized as a cause of reduced testicular endocrine function, including lower testosterone levels (hypogonadism). Varicoceles occur in around 15% of all men.
Oophaga sylvatica
Oophaga sylvatica, it is sometimes known Kiki Poison Dart Frog or little devil frog, it is also sometimes known as its Spanish name diablito, is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae found in Southwestern Colombia and Northwestern Ecuador. Its natural habitat is lowland and submontane rainforest; it can, however, survive in moderately degraded areas, at least in the more humid parts of its range. It is a very common frog in Colombia, but has disappeared from much of its Ecuadorian range. It is threatened by habitat loss (deforestation) and agricultural pollution and sometimes seen in the international pet trade.

This species occurs in several color morphs. For example, the Bilsa Biological Station (operated by the Jatun Sacha Foundation) boasts three color morphs—red, yellow, and orange—within their 3000-ha protected area located within Ecuador's Mache and Chindul coastal mountain ranges.

Jatun Sacha Foundation
The Jatun Sacha Foundation is a private Ecuadorian non profit NGO (nongovernmental organisation) founded in 1985. The purpose of this organisation is outlined on its website as:

"Foundation Jatun Sacha is dedicated to the conservation, investigation and management of ecologically important habitats, environmental education and community development."

The name Jatun Sacha is derived from the local Kichwa language, variably translated as "big forest" or "big jungle".
SAPPHIRE
SAPPHIRE (Stanford AudioPhonic PHotographic IR Experiment, also called Navy-OSCAR 45)  was a satellite built by the Stanford University students in Palo Alto, California.

The satellite was launched on September 30, 2001 together with Starshine 3, PICOSat and PCSat on an Athena 1 rocket at the Kodiak Launch Complex, Alaska, United States.

Its purpose was the training of students, the operation of an infrared sensor, a digital camera, a speech synthesizer and from 2002 the operation of an APRS digipeater. He also served to train midshipmen of the US Naval Academy in the field of satellite control.

The satellite's mission ended in early 2005.

Athena (rocket family)
Athena was a 1990s Lockheed Martin expendable launch system which underwent several name changes in its lifetime.

Development began at the Lockheed Corporation in 1993, where the design was known as the Lockheed Launch Vehicle. The name was subsequently changed to the Lockheed Martin Launch Vehicle when Lockheed merged with Martin Marietta. In 1997 the name was finally changed to Athena, and all of the launches after the demonstration flight in August 1995 were conducted using that name. Athena was retired from service in 2001, but in September 2010 Athena was added to NASA's Launch Services II contract. It was announced that it would be put back into production, with launches set to resume in 2012. All production had ceased by March 2017.
2022–23 Ferris State Bulldogs men's ice hockey season
The 2022–23 Ferris State Bulldogs men's ice hockey season was the 48th season of play for the program and the 37th in the Central Collegiate Hockey Association (CCHA). The Bulldogs represented Ferris State University, played their home games at Ewigleben Arena and were coached by Bob Daniels in his 31st season.

2022–23 CCHA season
The 2022–23 CCHA season was the 44th season of play for the Central Collegiate Hockey Association and was part of the 2022–23 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season. The regular season began on October 1, 2022, and concluded on February 25, 2023. The conference tournament began on March 3.
Swimming at the 1955 Pan American Games – Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay
The women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay competition of the swimming events at the 1955 Pan American Games took place on 24 March. The defending Pan American Games champion is the United States.

This race consisted of eight lengths of the pool. Each of the four swimmers completed two lengths of the pool. The first swimmer had to touch the wall before the second could leave the starting block.

1955 Pan American Games
The 1955 Pan American Games, officially known as II Pan American Games (Spanish: II Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Mexico 1955 (Spanish: México 1955), opened on March 12, 1955, at University Stadium in Mexico City, Mexico, in front of a capacity crowd of 100,000 spectators.

A total of 2,583 athletes from 22 nations marched in review and formed ranks upon the infield. The nations paraded into the stadium in Spanish alphabetical order:  Argentina, Bahamas, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Chile, El Salvador, United States, Guatemala, Haiti, Jamaica, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Paraguay, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Mexico. The hot sun, combined with the high altitude, caused two members of the U.S. team to collapse. Both quickly recovered.
Tauranga Domain
Tauranga Domain is a park and sports stadium in Tauranga, New Zealand. It is used mainly for rugby union matches and serves as a home ground for the Bay of Plenty Rugby Union.

The origins of the park go back to 1873, when Tauranga residents applied to the Native Minister for a domain to be set aside. Five years later, the park was extended to the south. In 1881, the northern part was set aside for a secondary school. War memorial gates commemorate local men who died in World War I, and the gates are registered with Heritage New Zealand as a Category II item.

The park hosted its first National Provincial Championship game in 2015. Bay of Plenty lost to the visiting Waikato team by 43–10.

It also hosted host two more games in the 2016 Mitre 10 Cup. One against Taranaki and the other against Otago.

Minister for Māori Development
The Minister for Māori Development is the minister in the New Zealand Government with broad responsibility for government policy towards Māori, the first inhabitants of New Zealand. The Minister heads Te Puni Kōkiri (TPK, or the Ministry of Māori Development). Between 1947 and 2014 the position was called Minister of Māori Affairs; before that it was known as Minister of Native Affairs. The current Minister for Māori Development is Tama Potaka.
Mount Macdonald (Yukon)
Mount Macdonald (2,760 metres (9,060 ft) is the highest peak in the Northwest Mackenzie Mountains of Yukon Territory, Canada. Located in a very remote section of the Yukon, Mount Macdonald is the tallest peak for 187 kilometres (116 mi).

Mackenzie Mountains
The Mackenzie Mountains are a Canadian mountain range forming part of the Yukon–Northwest Territories boundary between the Liard and Peel rivers. The range is named in honour of Canada's second prime minister, Alexander Mackenzie. Nahanni National Park Reserve and Nááts'ihch'oh National Park Reserve are in the Mackenzie Mountains.

The mining town of Tungsten, site of the Cantung Mine, is in the Mackenzie Mountains. Only two roads lead into the Mackenzie Mountains, both in Yukon: the Nahanni Range Road leading to the townsite of Tungsten and the Canol Road leading to the Macmillan Pass.

The highest mountain in this range is Keele Peak at 2,952 m (9,685 ft), in Yukon. The second-highest mountain is Mount Nirvana. It is, at 2,773 m (9,098 ft), the highest mountain in the Northwest Territories.

The Silurian fish family Archipelepididae has been described from specimens found in the Mackenzie Mountains.