hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scabrethia
Scabrethia  is a monotypic genus of North American flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.

There is only one recognized species, Scabrethia scabra, the badlands mule-ears, which is native to the western United States (Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico).

Subspecies

Scabrethia scabra subsp. scabra	 - (Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Arizona

Scabrethia scabra subsp. attenuata (W.A.Weber) W.A.Weber - Utah, Arizona, New Mexico

Scabrethia scabra subsp. canescens (W.A.Weber) W.A.Weber - Colorado, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico

The genus was circumscribed by William Alfred Weber in Phytologia vol.85 (1) on page 20 in 1998 (published in 1999).

The genus name of Scabrethia is in honour of Nathaniel Jarvis Wyeth (1802–1856), who was an American businessman and explorer. Scabrous (meaning rough to the touch) and also Wyethia.

Phytologia
Phytologia is an open-access journal to expedite plant systematics, phytogeographical and ecological publication, focused on North America. Its mode of subscription is by sending e-mail to the editor. It has been available online since 2013.

It is edited by Robert P. Adams and others.
Battle of Rufiji Delta
The Battle of the Rufiji Delta was fought in German East Africa (modern Tanzania) from October 1914–July 1915 during the First World War, between the German Navy's light cruiser SMS Königsberg, and a powerful group of British warships. The battle was a series of attempts, ultimately successful, to sink the blockaded German light cruiser.

German East Africa
German East Africa (GEA; German: Deutsch-Ostafrika DOA) was a German colony in the African Great Lakes region, which included present-day Burundi, Rwanda, the Tanzania mainland, and the Kionga Triangle, a small region later incorporated into Mozambique. GEA's area was 994,996 km2 (384,170 sq mi), which is nearly three times the area of present-day Germany and almost double the area of metropolitan Germany at the time.

The colony was organised when the German military was asked in the late 1880s to put down a revolt against the activities of the German East Africa Company. It ended with Imperial Germany's defeat in World War I. Ultimately the territory was divided amongst Britain, Belgium and Portugal, and was reorganised as a mandate of the League of Nations.
St. Anthony, Minnesota
St. Anthony, also known as Saint Anthony Village, is a city in Hennepin and Ramsey counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota. The population was 9,257 at the 2020 census, of whom 5,621 lived in the larger Hennepin County part of the city and 3,654 in the Ramsey County part. The city is run by a five-member council consisting of a mayor and four council members who serve four-year terms.

Hennepin County, Minnesota
Hennepin County (/ˈhɛnəpɪn/ HEN-ə-pin) is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,281,565, and was estimated to be 1,273,334 in 2024, making it the most populous county in Minnesota and the 34th-most populous county in the United States. Its county seat is Minneapolis, the most populous city in Minnesota and the 46th-most populous city in the United States. The county is named for the 17th-century explorer Louis Hennepin. It extends from Minneapolis to the suburbs and outlying cities in the western part of the county. Its natural areas are covered by extensive woods, hills, and lakes. It contains over 21.98% of the state's population. It is included in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul–Bloomington metropolitan statistical area.
2007 UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships
The 2007 UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships were held in Fort William, United Kingdom from 4 to 9 September 2007. This was the first time this World Championship had been held in the United Kingdom. The Fort William site in the Scottish Highlands had been used regularly for rounds of the UCI Mountain Bike World Cup since 2002.

The disciplines included were cross-country, downhill, four-cross, and trials. The event was the 18th edition of the UCI Mountain Bike World Championships and the 22nd edition of the UCI Trials World Championships.

France finished on top of the medal table with 6 world champions and 13 medals overall, including a fourth consecutive world title for Julien Absalon in the elite men's cross country. Sam Hill and Sabrina Jonnier won their second consecutive world titles in the men's and women's elite downhill.

Sam Hill (cyclist)
Sam Hill (born 21 July 1985 in Viveash, Western Australia), is an Australian professional enduro mountain biker and former professional downhill racer. He was two-time consecutive UCI World Downhill Champion during years 2006–2007 for Iron Horse racing team. He won the 2010 world championships in Mont Saint Anne, riding for the Monster Energy Specialized team on a Specialized Demo 8 II. He also won the 2007 and 2009 UCI Elite Men's Downhill World Cup (Overall). In December 2012 it was announced that Hill had signed for the Chain Reaction Cycles/Nukeproof team. As of 2016, Hill has switched to racing enduro and won the 2017 Enduro World Series overall title. In the same year he raced the Downhill World Championships in Cairns, Australia on his enduro bike where he finished sixth.
Founder mode
Founder mode is a term used and popularized by Y Combinator co-founder Paul Graham in a September 2024 essay in response to a talk delivered by Airbnb co-founder Brian Chesky. It describes a specific kind of leadership in which a founder has a direct, hands-on approach to their company rather than breaking up and delegating responsibility through a top-down structure. Often cited examples of leaders embodying founder mode include Steve Jobs, Elon Musk, and Jensen Huang.

Immediately after its online publication, Graham's essay led to widespread debate and discourse about the different methodologies regarding how to run a company, the pros and cons of micromanagement, and the nature of founder personalities versus that of non-founders, among other relevant concerns. It also spurred many memes, jokes, and stereotypes about the culture surrounding Silicon Valley and big tech.

Airbnb
Airbnb, Inc. (/ˌɛərbiːɛnˈbiː/ AIR-bee-en-BEE, an abbreviation of its original name, "Airbed and Breakfast") is an American company operating an online marketplace for short-and-long-term homestays, experiences and services in various countries and regions. It acts as a broker and charges a commission from each booking. Airbnb was founded in 2008 by Brian Chesky, Nathan Blecharczyk, and Joe Gebbia.
Conall mac Comgaill
Conall mac Comgaill was king of Dál Riata from about 558 until 574.

He was a son of Comgall mac Domangairt. It is said that he gave Iona to Saint Columba. The Duan Albanach says that he reigned "without dissension", but there is a report of an expedition by Conall and Colmán Bec mac Diarmato of the Southern Uí Néill to Iardoaman in the Annals of Ulster for 568. The much longer entry in the later and less reliable Annals of the Four Masters reports: "A sea fleet was brought by Colman Beg, son of Diarmaid, son of Fearghus Cerrbheoil, and by Conall, son of Comhgall, chief of Dal Riada, to Sol (Seil) and Ile (Islay), and they carried off many spoils from them."

The Senchus fer n-Alban says that Conall had seven sons: Loingsech, Nechtan, Artan, Tuathan, Tutio and Coirpe. However, Connad Cerr is taken to be a son of Conall, and the death of Conall's son Dúnchad is noted in the Annals of Ulster and the Annals of Tigernach, leading the army of the "sons of Gabrán" in Kintyre.

Duan Albanach
The Duan Albanach (Song of the Scots) is a Middle Gaelic  poem. Written during the reign of Mael Coluim III, who ruled between 1058 and 1093, it is found in a variety of Irish sources, and the usual version comes from the Book of Lecan and Book of Ui Maine.

It follows on from the Duan Eireannach, which covers the earlier mythological history of the Gael.

It is a praise poem of 27 stanzas, probably sung at court to a musical accompaniment by the harp. If performed in a public context, it is possible that the audience would have participated in the performance.

The Duan recounts the kings of the Scots since the eponymous Albanus came to Alba. The poem begins with the following stanzas.

In the final stanzas it is seen that the poem dates from the time of Malcolm III, in the second half of the 11th century.
CD163
CD163 (Cluster of Differentiation 163) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD163 gene. CD163 is the high affinity scavenger receptor for the hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex and in the absence of haptoglobin - with lower affinity - for hemoglobin alone. It also is a marker of cells from the monocyte/macrophage lineage. CD163 functions as innate immune sensor for gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The receptor was discovered in 1987.

Monocyte
Monocytes are a type of leukocyte or white blood cell. They are the largest type of leukocyte in the blood and can differentiate into macrophages and monocyte-derived dendritic cells. As a part of the vertebrate innate immune system monocytes also influence adaptive immune responses and exert tissue repair functions.  There are at least three subclasses of monocytes in human blood based on their phenotypic receptors.
Malcolm Vivian Hay
Major Malcolm Vivian Hay of Seaton (1881–1962) was an officer in the Gordon Highlanders, a cryptographer during the First World War, a historian of Catholic and Jewish history, and the last Laird of Seaton House in Aberdeen, Scotland. The grounds of the estate are now Seaton Park.

Gordon Highlanders
The Gordon Highlanders was a line infantry regiment of the British Army that existed for 113 years, from 1881 until 1994, when it was amalgamated with The Queen's Own Highlanders (Seaforth and Camerons) to form The Highlanders (Seaforth, Gordons and Camerons). Although the 'Gordon Highlanders' had existed as the 92nd (Gordon Highlanders) Regiment of Foot since 1794, the actual 'Gordon Highlanders Regiment' was formed in 1881 by amalgamation of the 75th (Stirlingshire) Regiment of Foot and 92nd (Gordon Highlanders) Regiment of Foot.
Desert Bloom (film)
Desert Bloom is a 1986 American drama film directed by Eugene Corr and starring an ensemble cast led by Jon Voight and JoBeth Williams. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1986 Cannes Film Festival and funded through the Sundance Film Festival Institute.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
Morgan Wynne
Morgan Wynne (1585–1644) was an Anglican priest who served as Archdeacon of Lincoln from 1627 until his death.

Wynne was born in Denbighshire and educated at University College, Oxford, graduating BA in 1609. He later received the degree of Doctor of Divinity (DD). He held livings at Cilcain, Llanrwst, Stilton, Symondsbury, Cranford St John, Brasted and Scotter.

Symondsbury
Symondsbury (/ˈsɪməndzbəri/) is a village and civil parish in southwest Dorset, England, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) west of Bridport and 16 miles (26 km) west of Dorchester. The A35 road runs through the parish to the south of the village. The village has a pub (the Ilchester Arms), a pottery and a primary school. Symondsbury parish extends from Eype and West Cliff (West Bay) in the south, to the Marshwood Vale in the north. The village is in the Dorset National Landscape area. In the 2011 census the parish had a population of 1,059.
Evangelical Lutheran Church in Lithuania
The Evangelical Lutheran Church in Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuvos Evangelikų Liuteronų Bažnyčia, ELCL) is a Lutheran church body comprising congregations in Lithuania. The ELCL is a member of the Porvoo Communion and the Lutheran World Federation.

In 2018 the ELCL reported having 19,000 active members. There are 52 congregations, and around 30 ordained clergy, including the bishop and two deacons. The current bishop (Lithuanian: Vyskupas) of the church is the Rt Revd Mindaugas Sabutis.

Around 0.56% of the population of Lithuania are members of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Lithuania.

The abbreviated name for the church is in Latin, Unitas Lithuaniae or in Polish, Jednota Litewska (Lithuanian church provincial union).

Klaipėda Region
The Klaipėda Region (Lithuanian: Klaipėdos kraštas) or Memel Territory (German: Memelland or Memelgebiet) was defined by the 1919 Treaty of Versailles in 1920 and refers to the northernmost part of the German province of East Prussia, when, as Memelland, it was put under the administration of the Entente's Council of Ambassadors. The Memel Territory, together with other areas severed from Germany (the Saar and Danzig), was to remain under the control of the League of Nations until a future date, when the people of those regions would be allowed to vote on whether or not the land would return to Germany. Today, the former Memel Territory is controlled by Lithuania as part of Klaipėda and Tauragė counties.
Dick Clark (basketball)
Richard C. Clark (January 5, 1944 – September 4, 1988) was an American basketball player in the American Basketball Association (ABA).

Born in Findlay, Ohio he played collegiately for the Eastern Kentucky University.

He played for the Minnesota Muskies (1967–68) and Houston Mavericks (1968–69) in the ABA for 58 games.

Houston Mavericks
The Houston Mavericks were a charter member of the American Basketball Association (ABA). They played in the upstart league's first two seasons, from 1967 to 1969. Their home arena was the Sam Houston Coliseum. In 1947–48, there was an unrelated Mavericks franchise based in Houston as part of the Professional Basketball League of America.
Krummlauf
The Krummlauf  (English: "curved barrel") is a bent barrel attachment for the Sturmgewehr 44 (StG 44) rifle developed by Germany in World War II. The curved barrel included a periscope sighting device for shooting around corners from a safe position.

Periscope
A periscope is an device for observation over, around or through an object, obstacle or condition that prevents direct line-of-sight observation from an observer's current position.

In its simplest form, it consists of an outer case with mirrors at each end set parallel to each other at a 45° angle. This form of periscopic device, with the addition of two simple lenses, served for observation purposes in the trenches during World War I. Military personnel also use periscopes in some gun turrets and in armoured vehicles.

More complex periscopes using prisms or advanced fiber optics instead of mirrors and providing magnification operate on submarines and in various fields of science. The overall design of the classical submarine periscope is very simple: two telescopes pointed into each other. If the two telescopes have different individual magnification, the difference between them causes an overall magnification or reduction.
Cornwall Central High School
Cornwall Central High School is the high school serving the Cornwall Central School District in Orange County, New York. It draws students from portions of three towns: Cornwall, New Windsor, and Woodbury, as well as the village of Cornwall-on-Hudson. While it is in the New Windsor ZIP Code, it is located off NY 94 just inside the Cornwall town line.

Woodbury, Orange County, New York
Woodbury is a town and village in Orange County, New York, United States. The town population was 12,197 at the 2020 census. The village was incorporated in 2006 and comprises all of the town that is not part of the village of Harriman. The region was once called Woodbury Clove. It is part of the Kiryas Joel-Poughkeepsie-Newburgh metropolitan area as well as the larger New York metropolitan area. Woodbury is in the southeastern part of Orange County. The town also has four schools, which are part of the Monroe-Woodbury Central school District.
West Auckland Kiwi True Blues FC
West Auckland Kiwi True Blues FC is an amateur association football club based in Auckland, New Zealand. Their home ground is Brains Park located in the suburb of Kelston in Auckland, they currently compete in the NRFL Northern Conference.

West Auckland AFC and Kiwi True Blues FC, an Auckland Sunday Football Association team, merged their top teams in 2019, allowing Kiwi True Blues to play in the NRF Conference and together as one team in the Chatham Cup. Their first team coach is Scott MacKay, who won the National League with Waitakere City in 1990, 1992, 1995, 1996 and 1997.

NRFL Conference
The Northern Regional Football League Conference, currently known as  Lotto Sport Italia NRFL Conference for sponsorship reasons, is a New Zealand Semi-Professional football league. The league is run by the Auckland Football Federation and includes football clubs located in the northern part of the North Island, New Zealand. It is open to clubs from the Northland, Auckland, Waikato and Bay of Plenty provinces. Up until 2022, the competition was known as NRFL Division 2, and was not split into Northern and Southern competitions.

The fixtures are generally played from April to September. Clubs are able to win promotion to NRFL Championship.

The current champions are Franklin United (Northern) and Waikato Unicol (Southern). Franklin United were promoted to the 2024 NRFL Championship season.
Kilcashel Stone Fort
Kilcashel Stone Fort is a double court cairn and National Monument located in County Mayo, Ireland, 800m (½ mile) southeast of Kilmovee. The last surviving member of three stone forts in the area, it's estimated to have been constructed between 2,500 and 500BC.

Court cairn
The court cairn or  court tomb  is a megalithic type of chambered cairn or gallery grave. During the period, 3900–3500 BC, more than 390 court cairns were built in Ireland and over 100 in southwest Scotland. The Neolithic (New Stone Age) monuments are identified by an uncovered courtyard connected to one or more roofed and partitioned burial chambers. Many monuments were built in multiple phases in both Ireland and Scotland and later re-used in the Early Bronze Age.
Proleksis Encyclopedia
The Proleksis Encyclopedia (Croatian: Proleksis enciklopedija) is the first Croatian general and national online encyclopedia.

Proleksis Encyclopedia features more than 62,000 articles and more than 17,000 photographs, illustrations and maps. It is freely available to registered users of CARNET, the Croatian national research and education network. The users cannot change the encyclopedia's content directly, but they can post comments and corrections, or submit new articles, all subject to approval by the editorial board. The encyclopedia aims to enlarge the number of entries using input from collaborators.

Proleksis Encyclopedia is a result of collaboration between CARNET and Pro Leksis d.o.o., started in February 2008, and is supported by the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sports. It was created by approximately 50 editors, headed by a 9-person editorial board. Its Editor-in-Chief is Antun Vujić.

Ministry of Science and Education (Croatia)
The Ministry of Science, Education and Youth of Croatia (Croatian: Ministarstvo znanosti, obrazovanja i mladih or MZOM) is the ministry in the Government of Croatia which is in charge of primary, secondary and tertiary education, research institutions, sports and youth.
Fuller Brook Park
Fuller Brook Park is a public park of the town of Wellesley, Massachusetts.  The park was established in 1899 as a roughly linear park for both recreational and flood control purposes, and did not reach mature completion until the 1930s.  The park was designed by John Charles Olmsted (nephew of Frederick Law Olmsted and a noted landscape designer in his own right) and others.  The park runs roughly parallel to Washington Street through the central part of the town, along Fuller Brook and one of its tributaries, Caroline Brook.  Despite its naturalistic appearance, the watercourses have been extensively channeled.

A large portion of the park, between Dover Road and Maugus Avenue but excluding the developed area of Hunnewell Field and Wellesley High School, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

John Charles Olmsted
John Charles Olmsted (September 14, 1852 – February 24, 1920) was an American landscape architect. The nephew and adopted son of Frederick Law Olmsted, he worked with his father and his younger half-brother, Frederick Law Olmsted Jr., in their father's firm. After their father retired, the brothers took over leadership and founded Olmsted Brothers as a landscape design firm. The firm became well known for designing many urban parks, college campuses, and other public places. John Olmsted's body of work from over 40 years as a landscape architect has left its mark on the American urban landscape.
John White (1634–1713)
John White (1634–1713) was an English politician.

He was the only son of Thomas White of Tuxford, Nottinghamshire and was educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge and Gray's Inn.

He was Member of Parliament for Nottinghamshire in 1679–1685, from May 1689 to 1690 and then finally from 1691 until 1698. He served on a number of committees.

He married Jane, the daughter of Sir Thomas Williamson, 1st Baronet of East Markham, Nottinghamshire. They had two sons.

Nottinghamshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Nottinghamshire was a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England, then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. It was represented by two Members of Parliament (MPs), traditionally known as knights of the shire.

The constituency was split into two two-member divisions, for parliamentary purposes, by the Reform Act 1832. The county was then represented by the North Nottinghamshire and South Nottinghamshire constituencies.
Hot Line (album)
Hot Line (subtitled The Tenor of Bill Barron) is an album by saxophonist Bill Barron which was recorded in 1962 and first released on the Savoy label. The album was also rereleased as The Hot Line under Booker Ervin's co-leadership.

Savoy Records
Savoy Records is an American record company and label established by Herman Lubinsky in 1942 in Newark, New Jersey. Savoy specialized in jazz, rhythm and blues, and gospel music.

In September 2017, Savoy was acquired by Concord Bicycle Music.
Farzan
Farzan or Farzān (Persian: فرزان) is a Persian masculine given name or a surname. The feminine equivalent is Farzaneh/Farzana. Its Turkish derivation is the unisex given name Ferzan.

Notable people with these names include:

Junior Farzan Ali (born 1980), Fijian boxer

Farzan Ashourzadeh (born 1996), Olympic taekwondo practitioner

Farzan Athari (born 1984), Persian model

Antonia Noori Farzan, American journalist

Raja Farzan (born 1995), Pakistani cricketer

Yasaman Farzan (born 1977), Iranian physicist

Raja Farzan
Raja Farzan Khan (Punjabi, Urdu: راجہ فرزان خان) (born 12 May 1995) is a Pakistani cricketer. He made his List A debut for Lahore Whites in the 2018–19 Quaid-e-Azam One Day Cup on 22 September 2018. He made his Twenty20 debut for the Lahore Qalandars in the 2018 Abu Dhabi T20 Trophy on 4 October 2018. He was picked by the Lahore Qalandars for the 2020 Pakistan Super League. He was picked from their Player Development Program.