hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Placid Adelham
Placid Adelham, O.S.B. was an English monk and priest.

Originally a Protestant minister, John Adelham was born in Wiltshire. He became a Catholic and joined the Benedictine monks, at which time he took the name Placid. He was professed at St. Edward's Monastery, Paris in 1652. He was later the Prior of St. Lawrence's Monastery, at Dieulouard from 1659 to 1661.

Adelham was then sent to England and stationed at Somerset House from 1661 to 1675. Banished that year, he returned to England again and became a victim of the "Popish Plot" of Titus Oates. He was tried and condemned to death as a Catholic priest on 17 January 1678. Though reprieved, he was detained in Newgate Prison, where he died somewhere between the years 1681 and 1685.

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: A'Becket, John Joseph (1907). "John Placid Adelham". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

Saint Lawrence
Saint Lawrence or Laurence (Latin: Laurentius, lit. 'laurelled'; 31 December 225 – 10 August 258) was one of the seven deacons of the city of Rome under Pope Sixtus II who were martyred in the persecution of the Christians ordered by the Roman emperor Valerian in 258.
Caprenin
Caprenin is a fat substitute designed for lowering the caloric content of food. Structurally, it resembles normal food fat, being made up of glycerol and fatty acids (behenic, capric, and caprylic acids). Caprenin contains about 4 kcal per gram, or about half the energy in traditional fats and oils. Caloric reduction results, in part, from incomplete absorption of the unusual fatty acids.

Caprenin was launched by Procter & Gamble as a cocoa butter replacement, but it proved difficult to use and appeared to increase serum cholesterol slightly, resulting in its withdrawal from the market in the mid-1990s.

It is used as a reduced-calorie substitute in soft candies and confectionery coatings.

Cocoa butter
Cocoa butter, also called theobroma oil, is a pale-yellow, edible fat extracted from the cocoa bean (Theobroma  cacao). It is used to make chocolate, as well as some ointments, toiletries, and pharmaceuticals. Cocoa butter has a cocoa flavor and aroma. Its melting point is slightly below human body temperature. It is an essential ingredient of chocolate and related confectionary products. Cocoa butter does not contain butter or other animal products; it is vegan.
Celtic Woman 4
Celtic Woman 4 is the fourth release in a compilation series from Valley Entertainment that began in 1998.  The album brings songs, both original and traditional, from CDs released in Ireland, Scotland, and England to the United States.  It features many accomplished Celtic artists including Karen Matheson (of Capercaillie), Julie Fowlis, Kate Rusby, Back of the Moon, and more.

Kate Rusby
Kate Anna Rusby (born 4 December 1973) is an English folk singer-songwriter from Penistone, West Riding of Yorkshire, England. Sometimes called the "Barnsley Nightingale", she has headlined various British folk festivals, and is one of the best known contemporary English folk singers. In 2001 The Guardian described her as "a superstar of the British acoustic scene." In 2007 the BBC website described her as "The first lady of young folkies". She is one of the few folk singers to have been nominated for the Mercury Prize.
Henry Giraudy
Henry Giraudy, O.B.E., Q.C., was a Saint Lucian politician best known as the co-founder and chairman of the United Workers Party (UWP) from 1964 until his death.

Giraudy was born in 1923. He was born and raised in Vieux Fort. He worked as an attorney.

Giraudy was the chairman of the UWP from 1964 until his death in 1993. He was elected to the House of Assembly of Saint Lucia from Vieux Fort constituency in the elections of 1964, 1967 and 1974. He was appointed as the President of the Senate of Saint Lucia in June 1982, and died while in office.

Giraudy was UWP's long-serving party chairman, and he was allegedly the power behind Premier John Compton.

Jeannine Giraudy-McIntyre and Mara Thompson are daughters of Henry.

Vieux Fort District
Vieux Fort is one of 10 districts of the Caribbean island country of Saint Lucia. Vieux Fort is also the name of the main town in the district. It is the home of the second-largest town in Saint Lucia and is the home of Saint Lucia's international airport, Hewanorra International Airport (Hewanorra is the island's old Amerindian name).
Arthur Lesieur Desaulniers
Arthur Lesieur Desaulniers (February 9, 1873 – July 16, 1954) was a merchant and political figure in Quebec. He represented Champlain in the House of Commons of Canada from 1917 to 1930 as a Liberal.

He was born in Louiseville, Quebec, the son of Alexis Lesieur Desaulniers and Oliva Pichette. In 1896, he married Hélène Gariépy. He was mayor of Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade from 1913 to 1919 and was warden for Champlain County in 1917. Desaulniers was defeated by Jean-Louis Baribeau when he ran for reelection in 1930. He died in Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade at the age of 81.

Louiseville
Louiseville (French pronunciation: [lwizvil] ⓘ) is a town in the Mauricie region of the province of Quebec in Canada. It is located near the mouth of the 'Rivière-du-Loup', on the north shore of Lac Saint-Pierre.

Louiseville is twinned with Soissons in France and Cerfontaine in Belgium.
Hornet, Missouri
Hornet is an unincorporated community in western Newton County, Missouri, United States. It is located approximately six miles southwest of Joplin, less than one mile west of Route 43. The community is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area. West of Hornet is the famous Hornet Spooklight, which is a few miles west at the Oklahoma state line.

A post office called Hornet was established in 1882, and remained in operation until 1902. According to tradition, the local country store was as busy as a "hornet", hence the name.

Missouri Route 43
Route 43 is a highway in western Missouri.  Its northern terminus is at U.S. Route 54 midway between Nevada and Deerfield.  Its southern terminus is at the corner of Missouri (near Southwest City), Arkansas, and Oklahoma where it continues down the Arkansas/Oklahoma state line as both Arkansas Highway 43 and OK-20.
Australian and New Zealand television frequencies
Television frequency allocation has evolved since the start of television in Australia in 1956, and later in New Zealand in 1960. There was no coordination between the national spectrum management authorities in either country to establish the frequency allocations. The management of the spectrum in both countries is largely the product of their economical and political situation. New Zealand didn't start to develop television service until 1965 due to World War 2 and its economic harm in the country's economy.

The demand and planning for television in Australia intensified after WW2, with the Chifley government first favouring the existing British model (state monopoly) in 1948, and New Zealand used a similar model during the introduction of television in the 1960s. Private broadcasting did not come to the country until the 1980s, but there was no spectrum expansion to cope with the new arrangement.

PAL
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analogue television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 frames) per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I and K. The articles on analogue broadcast television systems further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation.

PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hanover, West Germany, with important input from Gerhard Mahler. The format was patented by Telefunken in December 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 3 January 1963. When asked why the system was named "PAL" and not "Bruch", the inventor answered that a "Bruch system" would probably not have sold very well ("Bruch" is the German word for "breakage").
Allegri Quartet
The Allegri Quartet is a British string quartet that was founded in 1953 by violinist Eli Goren. The other original members were second violinist James Barton, violist Patrick Ireland, and cellist William Pleeth. It is Britain's longest-running chamber music ensemble.

A commitment to refreshing the chamber repertoire had led the Allegri Quartet to give more than 60 world premières since 1964, including specially commissioned pieces by leading composers such as James MacMillan, Jonathan Harvey and Colin Matthews.

Colin Matthews
Colin Matthews, OBE (born 13 February 1946) is an English composer of contemporary classical music. Noted for his large-scale orchestral compositions, Matthews is also a prolific arranger of other composer's music, including works by Berlioz, Britten, Dowland, Mahler, Purcell and Schubert. Other arrangements include orchestrations of all Debussy's 24 Préludes, both books of Debussy's Images, and two movements—Oiseaux tristes and La vallée des cloches—from Ravel's Miroirs. Having received a doctorate from University of Sussex on the works of Mahler, from 1964–1975 Matthews worked with his brother David Matthews and musicologist Deryck Cooke on completing a performance version of Mahler's Tenth Symphony.
Pazardzhik Point
Pazardzhik Point (Bulgarian: нос Пазарджик, ‘Nos Pazardzhik’ \'nos 'pa-zar-dzhik\) is a point on the southeast coast of Snow Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica situated 2.1 km east-northeast of Cape Conway and 9.9 km southwest of Hall Peninsula.  Snow-free in summer.

The point is named after the city of Pazardzhik in southern Bulgaria.

Snow Island (South Shetland Islands)
Snow Island or Isla Nevada is a completely ice-covered island, 16 by 8 kilometres (9.9 by 5.0 mi) in size, lying 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) southwest of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands. Surface area is 120.4 square kilometres (46.5 sq mi).  This island was known to both American and British sealers as early as 1820, and the name has been well established in international usage for over 100 years.
Elsternwick railway station
Elsternwick station is a railway station operated by Metro Trains Melbourne on the Sandringham line, which is part of the Melbourne rail network. It serves the south-eastern suburb of Elsternwick, in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Elsternwick station is a ground level premium station, featuring an island platform. It opened on 19 December 1859, with the current station provided in 1960.

SkyBus (airport bus)
SkyBus is an airport bus service operating in Australia in Melbourne, Hobart, Sydney and Perth.

In Melbourne, SkyBus carries over 2 million passengers per year and 8.3% of all Melbourne Airport passengers.
Redhouse, South Africa
Redhouse is a small village in the Eastern Cape of South Africa, located to the north of the city of Port Elizabeth. It is adjacent to a declared wetland reserve, soon hopefully to be a Ramsar site.

The village is situated on the Zwartkops River, and is host to the Redhouse Yacht Club. The village was built around the Redhouse train station which is a stopping point for passenger and goods trains coming from or going to the Port Elizabeth harbour.
There are over 10,000 water birds here, in the summer, including beautiful flamingos aplenty.
There are no shops or businesses in Redhouse, apart from two bed and breakfast establishments, and this village is truly a hidden gem. There is a small primary school, a church, a lawn bowling club, a squash court, a sailing club, library, and quaint village hall. A superb riverside destination, to relax and find peace.

Anatidae
The Anatidae are the biological family of water birds that includes ducks, geese, and swans. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on all the world's continents except Antarctica. These birds are adapted for swimming, floating on the water surface, and, in some cases, diving in at least shallow water. The family contains around 174 species in 43 genera (the magpie goose is no longer considered to be part of the Anatidae and is now placed in its own family, Anseranatidae).

They are generally herbivorous and are monogamous breeders. A number of species undertake annual migrations. A few species have been domesticated for agriculture, and many others are hunted for food and recreation. Five species have become extinct since 1600, and many more are threatened with extinction.
Chokuwa saul rice
Chokuwa saul is a variety of semi-glutinous rice found in Assam, India. The sticky rice of Assam is traditionally classified as bora (glutinous) and chokuwa (semi-glutinous) based on their stickiness after cooking. It has an important role in Assam.

In 2016, an organization called Seuj Satirtha in Sivasagar district in collaboration with the Assam Agricultural University applied for geographical recognition of chokuwa rice. The 124th edition of the journal published by the Geographical Identification Registration Department of the Government of India on 24 October 2019 granted a geographical indication (GI) tag to chokuwa rice.

Assam Agricultural University
Assam Agricultural University (AAU) is an agricultural education state university which was established on 1 April 1969 in Jorhat in the state of Assam, India. The jurisdiction of the university extends to the entire state of Assam with regard to teaching, research and extension education in the field of agriculture and allied sciences. The university has a number of campuses, with its headquarters at Borbheta, Jorhat.
Lumineux Noir
Lumineux Noir is the third studio album of the Greek synthpop duo Marsheaux. It was released on 19 July 2009 by Undo Records. According to the Side-Line magazine, it did not "bring an evolution in sound, but shows a growing maturity in song writing and production". It is reminiscent of 1980s synthpop with tracks that have been compared to Ladytron, Chemical Brothers and Client.

The Chemical Brothers
The Chemical Brothers are an English electronic music duo formed by Ed Simons and Tom Rowlands in Manchester in 1992. They were pioneers in bringing the big beat genre to the forefront of pop culture.

Originally known as The Dust Brothers, they changed their name due to the existence of another band with the same name. Their first album Exit Planet Dust sold over one million copies and debuted at No. 9 on the UK Albums Chart. After attracting Virgin Records, the duo achieved further success with their second album Dig Your Own Hole (1997), which topped the UK chart. They have had six No. 1 albums and 13 top-20 singles in the UK, including two chart-toppers. They have won six Grammy Awards, including Best Rock Instrumental Performance, Best Dance Recording, and Best Dance/Electronic Album.
Tyrannochthonius garthhumphreysi
Tyrannochthonius garthhumphreysi is a species of pseudoscorpion in the Chthoniidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2008 by Australian arachnologists Karen Edward and Mark Harvey.

Mark Harvey (arachnologist)
Mark Stephen Harvey (born 17 September 1958) is a museum scientist and biologist specializing in Australian arachnids. Since 1989 he has been based at the Western Australian Museum as Curator of Arachnids and Myriapods. He has described over 1,000 species, being one of the few biologists to do so.
Raceway at Belle Isle Park
The Raceway at Belle Isle Park was a former street circuit opened in 1992, located in Belle Isle Park in Detroit. The circuit hosted the Detroit Grand Prix in various championships, such as Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART), IndyCar Series, IMSA SportsCar Championship, Rolex Sports Car Series and American Le Mans Series.

American Le Mans Series
The American Le Mans Series (ALMS) was a sports car racing series based in the United States and Canada. It consisted of a series of endurance and sprint races, and was created in the spirit of the 24 Hours of Le Mans.

The American Le Mans' headquarters was in Braselton, Georgia, adjacent to Road Atlanta.

In 2014, the series merged with the Grand-Am Rolex Sports Car Series to form the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship.
Battle of Sángrar
The Battle of Sángrar or Combat of Sangra was fought on June 26, 1881, in the Peruvian central Andes, during the Letelier expedition, the first of its type during the sierra campaign of the War of the Pacific, sent to eliminate the Peruvian resistance growing over there after the fall of Lima and conducted by Andrés Cáceres. An 80–man Chilean detachment led by Cpt. Jose Araneda fell to the attacking force commanded by Col. Manuel Encarnación Vento at Sángrar.

Andrés Avelino Cáceres
Andrés Avelino Cáceres Dorregaray (10 November 1836 – 10 October 1923) was a Peruvian politician and general who served as the President of Peru, from 1886 to 1890 as the 27th president, and again from 1894 to 1895 as the 30th. He is considered a Peruvian national hero for leading the resistance against the Chilean occupation during the War of the Pacific (1879–1883), in which he fought as a general in the Peruvian Army.
Crown (heraldry)
A crown is often an emblem of a sovereign state, usually a monarchy (see The Crown), but also used by some republics.

A specific type of crown is employed in heraldry under strict rules. Indeed, some monarchies never had a physical crown, just a heraldic representation, as in the constitutional kingdom of Belgium.

Crowns are also often used as symbols of religious status or veneration, by divinities (or their representation such as a statue) or by their representatives, e.g. the Black Crown of the Karmapa Lama, sometimes used a model for wider use by devotees.

A crown can be a charge in a coat of arms, or set atop the shield to signify the status of its owner, as with the coat of arms of Norway.

Crown
A crown is a traditional form of head adornment, or hat, worn by monarchs as a symbol of their power and dignity. A crown is often, by extension, a symbol of the monarch's government or items endorsed by it. The word itself is used, particularly in Commonwealth countries, as an abstract name for the monarchy itself (and, by extension, the state of which said monarch is head) as distinct from the individual who inhabits it (that is, The Crown). A specific type of crown (or coronet for lower ranks of peerage) is employed in heraldry under strict rules. Indeed, some monarchies never had a physical crown, just a heraldic representation, as in the constitutional kingdom of Belgium.
Guy (Jayda G album)
Guy is the second studio album by Canadian musician Jayda G. It was released on 9 June 2023 through Ninja Tune. It peaked at number 19 on the UK Independent Album Breakers Chart. It received generally favorable reviews from critics.

Ninja Tune
Ninja Tune is an independent record label based in London, with a satellite office in Los Angeles. It was founded in 1990 by musicians Matt Black and Jonathan More, known collectively as Coldcut. The label was established as an outlet for Coldcut to explore a style distinct from that of the mainstream music industry.
William Gawtress Raymond
William Gawtress Raymond (24 March 1855 – 23 April 1942) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in London, England and became a merchant and postmaster. Raymond was a former student of the Ontario Institute for the Blind in Brantford (now The W. Ross Macdonald School), after losing most of his sight on a voyage to the Cape of Good Hope in 1873. He began his attendance at the school immediately after emigrating to Canada in 1873.

In 1890, Raymond became an alderman in Brantford, Ontario and served in that capacity until 1895. In 1898 and 1899 he was mayor of that city.

He was elected to Parliament at the Brantford riding in the 1921 general election. After serving his only federal term, the 14th Canadian Parliament, riding boundaries were changed and Raymond was defeated by Robert Edwy Ryerson of the Conservatives at the new Brantford City riding in the 1925 federal election.

Brantford City
Brantford City was a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1949. This riding was created in 1924 from parts of Brantford riding.

It consisted initially of the City of Brantford (according to its 1914 boundaries) and the township of Oakland and the part of the township of Brantford lying south and west of the Grand River, in the county of Brant.

The electoral district was abolished in 1947 when it was merged into Brantford riding.
2022 Vermont gubernatorial election
The 2022 Vermont gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 2022, to elect the governor of Vermont. Incumbent Republican governor Phil Scott won re-election to a fourth term in a landslide, defeating Democratic nominee Brenda Siegel.

This race was one of six Republican-held governorships up for election in 2022 in a state carried by Joe Biden in the 2020 presidential election. During the 2022 season, Scott enjoyed one of the highest approval ratings of any governor in the nation, and was expected to easily win reelection. As such, he carried every municipality in the state, this time with the largest margin in a Vermont gubernatorial race since Howard Dean's landslide in 1996. Scott's 47-point victory margin was the largest for a Republican candidate since 1950, even while Democratic congressman Peter Welch won the concurrent U.S. Senate election by a 40-point margin. This was the second-most lopsided gubernatorial election of the 2022 cycle, only behind the election in Wyoming.

Perennial candidate
A perennial candidate is a term for a political candidate who frequently runs for elected office and rarely, if ever, wins. Perennial candidates are most common where there is no limit on the number of times that a person can run for office and little cost to register as a candidate.
2012 South American Rugby Championship "C"
The Confederación Sudamericana de Rugby (CONSUR) Championship C Division Championship took place between 2 and 8 December 2012 at Estadio de la Democracia in Guatemala City, Guatemala. This was the first time CONSUR had run a 3rd division championship.

Guatemala hosted Costa Rica, Ecuador and El Salvador, with the tournament played over three game days. The tournament was conducted as a single round robin tournament.

Due to visa and travel issues, only eight players from the Ecuador team had arrived by the first game day.  As such, a game between Guatemala and a mix of the Ecuadorian players and local players was played as an exhibition game, which resulted in a 40-0 victory for the Guatemala national team. The game was officially awarded to Guatemala as a walkover, by a score of 5-0.

Costa Rica were the champions of the tournament, beating Guatemala in the final round. Guatemala were runners up, with Ecuador finishing third, after a victory over El Salvador on the final day.

Sudamérica Rugby
Sudamérica Rugby (previously known as Confederación Sudamericana de Rugby (abbreviated CONSUR) between 1988 and 2015) is the governing body for rugby union within South America and most of Central America. It was created on 14 October 1988 in Asunción on the initiative of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay, counting with a total of 16 unions.

The confederation currently has nine full World Rugby member nations, with one associate member, and is responsible for running various rugby tournaments within South America, especially the South American Rugby Championship.