hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Quami Ekta
Quami Ekta (Punjabi: ਕੌਮੀ ਏਕਤਾ; transl. National Unity) is a California-based online newspaper and a Punjabi weekly print newspaper targeting Punjabis throughout the world. The online edition is in both Punjabi and English. The newspaper was launched in 2002 as an online newspaper and in 2004 as a weekly broadsheet print newspaper. Both the online and print edition are available free of cost.

In July 2007 Quami Ekta honored Dharmendra for his contributions to the Indian cinema.

Gurmukhi
Gurmukhī (Punjabi: ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ [ˈɡʊɾᵊmʊkʰiː], Shahmukhi: گُرمُکھی) is an abugida developed from the Laṇḍā scripts, standardized and used by the second Sikh guru, Guru Angad (1504–1552). Commonly regarded as a Sikh script, Gurmukhi is used in Punjab, India as the official script of the Punjabi language.

The primary scripture of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib, is written in Gurmukhī, in various dialects and languages often subsumed under the generic title Sant Bhasha or "saint language", in addition to other languages like Persian and various phases of Indo-Aryan languages.

Modern Gurmukhī has thirty-five original letters, hence its common alternative term paintī or "the thirty-five", plus six additional consonants, nine vowel diacritics, two diacritics for nasal sounds, one diacritic that geminates consonants and three subscript characters.
979 Ilsewa
979 Ilsewa (prov. designation: A922 MA or 1922 MC) is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 36 kilometers (22 miles) in diameter. It was discovered by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory on 29 June 1922. The uncommon T-type asteroid has a longer-than average rotation period of 42.6 hours. It was named after Ilse Walldorf, an acquaintance of the discoverer.

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory
Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory (German: Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl) is a historic astronomical observatory located near the summit of the Königstuhl hill in the city of Heidelberg in Germany. It is operated by the Center for Astronomy (ZAH) at the University of Heidelberg.

The predecessor of the current observatory was originally opened in 1774 in the nearby city of Mannheim but degradation of observational conditions there resulted in a relocation to the Königstuhl in 1898.

The Observatory facility have little value for current astronomical research of ZAH; research is done with the Gama Ray H.E.S.S in Namibia and ESO facilities in Chile.

Andreas Quirrenbach is the observatory's director since 2005.
HMS Howe (1860)
HMS Howe was a 121-gun screw first-rate Victoria-class ship of the line built for the Royal Navy (RN) during the 1850s. She and her sister HMS Victoria were the first and only British three-decker ships of the line to be designed from the start for screw propulsion. Howe never served on active duty during her lifetime. She spent her early career as the flagship of the Reserve fleet before being renamed Bulwark in 1885. The ship was renamed a second time to Impregnable the following year and became a training ship, but briefly reverted to Bulwark in 1919 before being sold for scrap in 1921.

First-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, first-rate was the designation for the largest ships of the line. Originating in the Jacobean era with the designation of Ships Royal capable of carrying at least 400 men, the size and establishment of first-rates evolved over the following 250 years to eventually denote ships of the line carrying at least 80 guns across three gundecks. By the end of the eighteenth century, a first-rate carried no fewer than 100 guns and more than 850 crew, and had a measurement (burthen) tonnage of some 2,000 tons.
Djadochtatherioidea
Djadochtatherioidea is a superfamily of extinct mammals known from the upper Cretaceous and Paleocene of what is now Central Asia, North America and Europe. They were members of the order Multituberculata.  These were very ecologically diverse; several were jerboa-like hoppers, while others like Mangasbaatar were large sized and fossorial. Unusually for multituberculates, some of this group are represented by very good remains. All upper Cretaceous Mongolian multituberculates are included with one exception, the genus Buginbaatar.

This superfamily is further subdivided into three families and several other genera, as listed in the table. The Djadochtatherioids are within the suborder of Cimolodonta.  
Djadochtatherioidea was established by Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska and Jørn Hurum in 2001 as a replacement for the previously proposed Djadochtatheria that they had proposed in 1997. Shared characteristics of the group are
dental formulas of 2.0.3.21.0.2.2 or 2.0.4.21.0.1.2.

Jørn Hurum
Jørn Harald Hurum (born November 4, 1967) is a Norwegian paleontologist and popularizer of science. He is a vertebrate paleontologist and holds an associate professor position at the Natural History Museum of the University of Oslo. He has studied dinosaurs, primitive mammals and plesiosaurs.
Mount St. Ursula
Mount St. Ursula (Slovene: Uršlja gora) or Plešivec (1,699 metres or 5,574 feet) is the easternmost peak of the Karawanks. It lies between the towns of Slovenj Gradec and Črna na Koroškem. There are three villages on the slopes of the mountain: Uršlja Gora, Podgora, and Zgornji Razbor. The mountain offers a panoramic view towards all of Carinthia, the Kozjak Mountains, and the Kamnik–Savinja Alps. Below the peak of Mount St. Ursula stands the Gothic St. Ursula's Church (which gives the mountain its name and is the highest-standing church in Slovenia), a TV mast tower, a mountain lodge (the Mount St. Ursula Lodge, Dom na Uršlji gori), 1,670 m or 5,480 ft), and a monument to the soldiers fallen in World War I.. The name Plešivec (literally, 'the bald one') derives from its grey limestone peak.

Slovenj Gradec
Slovenj Gradec (pronounced [slɔˈʋéːŋ ˈɡɾàːdəts] ⓘ; German: Windischgrätz, after about 1900  Windischgraz) is a town in northern Slovenia. It is the centre of the Urban Municipality of Slovenj Gradec. It is part of the historical Styria region, and since 2005 it has belonged to the NUTS-3 Carinthia Statistical Region. It is located in the Mislinja Valley at the eastern end of the Karawanks mountain range, about 45 km (28 mi) west of Maribor and 65 km (40 mi) northeast of Ljubljana.
Lee-on-The Solent to Itchen Estuary
Lee-on-The Solent to Itchen Estuary is a 585.9-hectare (1,448-acre) biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest which stretches along the coast between Southampton and Gosport in Hampshire. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.  It is part of Solent and Southampton Water Ramsar site and  Special Protection Area, and of Solent Maritime Special Area of Conservation. Three areas are Local Nature Reserves, Chessel Bay, Hook with Warsash and Mercury Marshes. One area is Hamble Common, a Scheduled Monument and public common.

This site is mainly intertidal muds, and there are also areas of saltmarsh, vegetated shingle, reedbeds, deciduous woodland and marshy grassland. It is outstanding for nationally scarce coastal plants, internationally important for dark-bellied geese, and nationally important for eight other species of birds, including great crested grebe and ringed plover. The site is also important for Palaeolithic artefacts and the fossils of Eocene birds.

Ramsar site
A Ramsar site is a wetland site designated to be of international importance under the Ramsar Convention, also known as "The Convention on Wetlands",  an international environmental treaty signed on 2 February 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, under the auspices of UNESCO. It came into force on 21 December 1975, when it was ratified by a sufficient number of nations. It provides for national action and international cooperation regarding the conservation of wetlands, and wise sustainable use of their resources. Ramsar treaty participants meet regularly to identify and agree to protect "Wetlands of International Importance", especially those providing waterfowl habitat.

As of January 2026, there are 2,520 Ramsar sites around the world, which protect 253,075,668 hectares (625,363,590 acres), and 172 national governments participate in the convention.
The Pit and the Pendulum (1991 film)
The Pit and the Pendulum (released on DVD in the United States as The Inquisitor) is a 1991 American horror film directed by Stuart Gordon and based on the 1842 short story by Edgar Allan Poe. The film is an amalgamation of the aforementioned story with Poe's "The Cask of Amontillado", and it also appropriates the anecdote of "The Sword of Damocles", reassigning it to the character of Torquemada.

Sword of Damocles
The Sword of Damocles is an ancient Greek moral anecdote, an allusion to the imminent and ever-present peril faced by those in positions of power. Its main character, Damocles, was based on a courtier in the court of Dionysius I of Syracuse, a ruler of Syracuse, Sicily, Magna Graecia, during the classical Greek era.

The anecdote apparently figured in the lost history of Sicily by Timaeus of Tauromenium (c. 356 – c. 260 BC). The Roman orator Cicero (c. 106 – c. 43 BC), who may have read it in the texts of Greek historian Diodorus Siculus, used it in his Tusculanae Disputationes, 5. 61, by which means it passed into the European cultural mainstream.
Encephalartos kanga
Encephalartos kanga, also known as Mnanasi Pori is a species of cycad in the family Zamiaceae. It is native to Tanzania. The plant was formally described as a new species in 2007 by Tamás Pócs and Quentin Luke. It's status as a full species is questioned.

This species is found in Mount Kanga, a hill of the Nguru Mountains in the Mvomero district, Morogoro, Tanzania. It is situated on the southern ridge and south eastern slopes of Mt. Kanga at elevations between 1,000 and 1,300 m (3,300 and 4,300 ft).

Mvomero District
Mvomero is one of the six districts of the Morogoro Region of Tanzania.  It is bordered to the north by the Tanga Region, to the northeast by the Pwani Region, to the east and southeast by Morogoro Rural District and Morogoro Urban District and to the west by Kilosa District.

According to the 2022 Tanzania National Census, the population of the Mvomero District was 421,741.
Virendra Singh Sirohi
Virendra Singh Sirohi (5 May 1946 - 2 March 2020) was an Indian politician who was the Member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Bulandshahr. In 2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, he contested and won as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate. He was the Revenue minister in the cabinet of Kalyan Singh, Mayawati Ram Prakash Gupta and Rajnath Singh.

Bulandshahr Assembly constituency
Bulandshahr Assembly constituency is one of the 403 constituencies of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, India. It is a part of the Bulandshahar district and one of the five assembly constituencies in the Bulandshahr Lok Sabha constituency. First election in this assembly constituency was held in 1952 after the "DPACO (1951)" (delimitation order) was passed in 1951. After the "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order" was passed in 2008, the constituency was assigned identification number 65.
This Hour Has Seven Days
This Hour Has Seven Days is a CBC Television public affairs program that ran from 1964 to 1966, offering viewers in-depth analysis of the major social and political stories of the previous week.

The show, inspired by the BBC and NBC-TV satire series That Was the Week That Was, was created by Patrick Watson and Douglas Leiterman as an avenue for a more stimulating and boundary-pushing brand of television journalism. CBC executives believed the controversial show went beyond the limits of journalistic ethics and cancelled the show, leading to allegations of political interference.

The show set new standards of broadcast journalism in Canada and the United States, and many of its elements inspired the tabloid talk show genre in later decades.

Public affairs (broadcasting)
In broadcasting, public affairs radio or television programs focus on matters of politics and public policy. In the United States, among commercial broadcasters, such programs are often only to satisfy Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulatory expectations and are not scheduled in prime time.  Public affairs television programs are often broadcast at times when few listeners or viewers are tuned in (or even awake) in time slots known as graveyard slots; such programs can be frequently encountered at times such as 5-6 a.m. on a Sunday. Sunday morning talk shows are a notable exception to this obscure scheduling.

Harvard University claims that the public affairs genre has been losing popularity since the beginning of the digital era.
Miltons, Minas e Mais
Miltons, Minas e Mais is the fifth studio album by Brazilian Acoustic rock musician Emmerson Nogueira, released on December 19, 2005, by Sony BMG. In this album, Emmerson explores the music from his state, Minas Gerais, by covering songs from famous Mineiros musicians: Beto Guedes, Lô Borges, Milton Nascimento and 14 Bis.

Lô Borges
Salomão Borges Filho (10 January 1952 – 2 November 2025), known professionally as Lô Borges (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈlo ˈbɔʁʒis]), was a Brazilian singer-songwriter and guitarist.

Lô Borges was one of the founders of Clube da Esquina, a group of musicians that originated in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. He co-authored with Milton Nascimento the album Clube da Esquina in 1972, which was a milestone in Brazilian popular music. Among his most famous compositions are "Paisagem da Janela", "Para Lennon e McCartney", "Clube da Esquina No. 2", "Trem de Doido", and "O Trem Azul".

He is considered one of the most influential composers of Brazilian music, having been recorded by Tom Jobim, Elis Regina, Milton Nascimento, Flávio Venturini, Beto Guedes, Nenhum de Nós, Ira!, 14 Bis, Skank, Nando Reis, and Elba Ramalho, among others.
Chris Hall (cryptographer)
Christopher Hall is an American cryptographer and mathematician, specializing in arithmetic geometry. He is one of the creators of the cryptosystem Twofish. He obtained a BS from the University of Colorado-Boulder Department of Computer Science and a PhD in Mathematics from Princeton University in 2003, under Nick Katz.

He is an associate professor of mathematics at the University of Western Ontario.

Arithmetic geometry
In mathematics, arithmetic geometry is roughly the application of techniques from algebraic geometry to problems in number theory. Arithmetic geometry is centered around Diophantine geometry, the study of rational points of algebraic varieties.

In more abstract terms, arithmetic geometry can be defined as the study of schemes of finite type over the spectrum of the ring of integers.
Ardıçlı, Tarsus
Ardıçlı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Tarsus, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 428 (2022). It is situated in the Taurus Mountains to the west of the Turkish state highway D.750. The distance to Tarsus is 48 kilometres (30 mi) and the distance to Mersin is 78 kilometres (48 mi).

State road D.750 (Turkey)
D.750 is a north-to-south state road in Turkey. It starts at Zonguldak at the Black Sea coast and ends at the junction of D.400 near Tarsus in the Mediterranean Region. Across its length of 722 km, it crosses many state roads, including the D.100, D.715, D.300, D.330 and D.805.
Federico Milano
Federico Milano is a full professor with the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College, Dublin. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2016 for his contributions to power system modeling and simulation.

Milano received an Electrical Engineering degree in March 1999, and a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering in June 2003 from the University of Genoa. From September 2001 to December 2002, he worked at the Electrical & Computer Engineering Department at the University of Waterloo as a visiting scholar. Milano subsequently joined the Department of Electrical Engineering of University of Castilla-La Mancha in September 2003, and worked there until May 2013. He joined UCD in June 2013.

Milano is an editor of several international journals published by IEEE, IET, Elsevier and Springer, including the IEEE Transactions on Power Systems and IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution.

University of Genoa
The University of Genoa (Italian: Università di Genova, abbreviated as UniGe), is a public research university. It is one of the largest universities in Italy and it is located in the city of Genoa, on the Italian Riviera in the Liguria region of northwestern Italy. The original university was founded in 1481.
Södertälje Centrum railway station
Södertälje Centrum (abbreviated Södertälje C) is a station on Stockholm's commuter train network, located in central Södertälje in Stockholm County, Sweden. The station is 38.1 km from Stockholm C, and is the terminus station of a branch line from Södertälje Hamn railway station. Södertälje Centrum serves SL train routes 40, 41 and 44 towards Stockholm. Line 48 to Gnesta also starts from here, which is the only of Stockholm's commuter train lines not running via Stockholm City.

Stockholm City station
Stockholm City is a railway station in central Stockholm, Sweden. Opened on 10 July 2017, the station is located on the Stockholm City Line. It is located directly below T-Centralen (the hub of the Stockholm Metro) and is connected to Stockholm Central Station. The station serves all Stockholm Commuter Rail routes except for line 48. It is the busiest mainline railway station in Sweden.
Peddy
Peddy is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arthur Peddy (1916–2002), American comic book and advertising artist

George Peddy (1892–1951), American attorney, military officer, and political figure

Giles Peddy (born 1978), English cricket player

Shey Peddy (born 1988), American basketball player

George Peddy
George Peddy (August 22, 1892 - June 13, 1951) was an American attorney, military officer, and political figure from Texas. A 1920 graduate of the University of Texas School of Law, he practiced law in Houston with the prominent firm of Vinson, Elkins, Weems, and Francis. A Democrat, He served in the Texas House of Representatives in 1917 and ran two high-profile but unsuccessful campaigns for the United States Senate (1922, 1948). A United States Army veteran of World War I and World War II, he attained the rank of lieutenant colonel while serving with the 5th Infantry Division in France during the Second World War, and received the Bronze Star Medal and Croix de Guerre.
Kenilworth Avenue Line
The Kenilworth Avenue Line, designated Route P14, is a daily bus route operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. It runs between Greenbelt station of the Green and Yellow Lines of the Washington Metro and Deanwood station of the Orange and Silver Lines of the Washington Metro. Buses run every 30 minutes between Monday and Saturday and 60 minutes on Sundays. Trips are roughly 45 minutes long.

Stadium–Armory station
Stadium–Armory station is a Washington Metro station in the Hill East neighborhood of Washington,  D.C. The station opened on July 1, 1977, and is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). Stadium–Armory serves the Blue, Orange, and Silver Lines. The station was named for its proximity to the RFK Stadium campus and the D.C. Armory.

The station is a transfer station, as this is the last station shared by the three lines before the lines diverge going east.
Lucjanów, Tomaszów Mazowiecki County
Lucjanów [lut͡sˈjanuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żelechlinek, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) east of Żelechlinek, 23 km (14 mi) north of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 44 km (27 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Tomaszów Mazowiecki
Tomaszów Mazowiecki (pronounced [tɔˈmaʂuf mazɔˈvjɛt͡skʲi] ⓘ, Yiddish: טאָמעשעוו or Tomashuv) is a town in central Poland with 60,529 inhabitants (2021). It is the fourth most populous city in the Łódź Voivodeship and the second with free public transport. It is the seat of Tomaszów County.

In Tomaszów Mazowiecki there is the first (and the only) all-year speed skating track in Poland - Ice Arena Tomaszów Mazowiecki, which has hosted the World Championships. In autumn, the city hosts the international Love Polish Jazz festival, organized by the Polish Ministry of Culture and National Heritage.
HMS Artful (S121)
HMS Artful is the third Astute-class nuclear-powered fleet submarine of the British Royal Navy. She is the second submarine of the Royal Navy to bear this name. Artful was ordered from GEC's Marconi Marine (now BAE Systems Submarine Solutions) on 17 March 1997, and was constructed at Barrow in Furness. She was named on 20 September 2013, was rolled out of the shipyard construction hall on 16 May 2014, and was due to start sea trials in early 2015. Artful made her first successful basin dive in October 2014, and sailed on 13 August 2015 for sea trials. Artful was handed over the Royal Navy on 14 December 2015, and commissioned on 18 March 2016.

BAE Systems Submarines
54°06′36″N 3°14′11″W﻿ / ﻿54.11000°N 3.23639°W﻿ / 54.11000; -3.23639

BAE Systems Submarines, is a wholly owned subsidiary of BAE Systems, based in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England, and is responsible for the development and production of submarines.

BAE Systems Submarines operates one of the few shipyards in the world capable of designing and building nuclear submarines, which has constructed all but three of the Royal Navy's nuclear-powered submarines since the commissioning of HMS Dreadnought in 1963. The exceptions were HMS Conqueror, HMS Renown and HMS Revenge, which were built by Cammell Laird.
Around the Sun
Around the Sun is the thirteenth studio album by American alternative rock band R.E.M., released on October 5, 2004 on Warner Bros. Records. The album was supported by several singles and a world tour. It was commercially successful but received mixed reception and is often considered the weakest in the band's catalogue.

Bill Rieflin
William Frederick Rieflin (September 30, 1960 – March 24, 2020) was an American musician. Rieflin came to prominence in the 1990s mainly for his work as a drummer with groups (particularly in the industrial rock and industrial metal scenes) such as Ministry, the Revolting Cocks, Lard, KMFDM, Pigface, Swans, Chris Connelly, and Nine Inch Nails. He worked regularly with R.E.M. following the retirement of Bill Berry in 1997. He was a member of King Crimson from 2013 until his death in 2020.
Neil Campbell (bishop of the Isles)
Neil Campbell, M.A. (Scottish Gaelic: Niall Caimbeul) (c.1590 – c.1643/47) was a Scottish clergyman who served in the Church of Scotland as the Bishop of the Isles from 1633 to 1638.

The son of Neil Campbell, Bishop of Argyll, he was educated at the University of Glasgow, obtaining a Master of Arts degree in 1607. He became the minister of Glassary, Argyll in 1611, and married Jean, daughter of Adam Boyd (son of Thomas Boyd, 6th Lord Boyd) in 1620.

He was elected the bishop of the diocese of the Isles on 17 December 1633 and was confirmed by King Charles I on 21 January 1634. He was deprived of the see by the General Assembly on 13 December 1638.

After having signed the National Covenant and abjured Episcopacy, he was declared capable of the ministry by the Synod on 1 October 1640 and became the minister of Campbeltown on 10 November 1642.

He died sometime between 7 October 1643 and 29 April 1647.

General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is the sovereign and highest court of the Church of Scotland, and is thus the Church's governing body. It generally meets each year and is chaired by a Moderator elected at the start of the Assembly.