hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Test oracle
In software testing, a test oracle (or just oracle) is a provider of information that describes correct output based on the input of a test case. Testing with an oracle involves comparing actual results of the system under test (SUT) with the expected results as provided by the oracle.

The term "test oracle" was first introduced in a paper by William E. Howden. Additional work on different kinds of oracles was explored by Elaine Weyuker.

An oracle can operate separately from the SUT, accessed at test runtime, or it can be used before a test is run with expected results encoded into the test logic.

However, method postconditions are part of the SUT, as automated oracles in design by contract models.

Determining the correct output for a given input (and a set of program or system states) is known as the oracle problem or test oracle problem,: 507  which some consider a relatively hard problem, and involves working with problems related to controllability and observability.

System under test
System under test (SUT) refers to a system that is being tested for correct operation. According to ISTQB it is the test object.

From a unit testing perspective, the system under test represents all of the classes in a test that are not predefined pieces of code like stubs or even mocks. Each one of this can have its own configuration (a name and a version), making it scalable for a series of tests to get more and more precise, according to the quantity of quality of the system in test.

ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119 defines SUT within a standardized vocabulary and test-process framework.
Dwarampudi Chandrasekhar Reddy
Dwarampudi Chandrasekhara Reddy (born 1967) is an Indian politician from Andhra Pradesh. He was a former member of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly. He was elected from Kakinada City representing the YSR Congress Party.

Vanamadi Venkateswara Rao
Vanamadi Venkateswara Rao, popularly known as Konda Babu, is an Indian politician from Andhra Pradesh. He is a member of Telugu Desam Party. He has been elected as the Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) representing the Kakinada City Assembly constituency in 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly elections.
Freeman Thomas (cricketer, born 1838)
Freeman Frederick Thomas (11 April 1838 – 1 December 1868) was an English cricketer active from 1860 to 1867 who played for Sussex. He was born in Lymington, Hampshire, and died in Sanremo, Italy. He appeared in nine first-class matches as a right-handed batsman who scored 89 runs with a highest score of 15.

Thomas was the second son of Freeman Thomas (son of Inigo Thomas (grandson of Sir George Thomas, 1st Baronet) and his wife Hon. Frances Brodrick [daughter of George Brodrick, 4th Viscount Midleton]) and his wife, Amelia, daughter of Colonel Thomas Frederick. His younger brothers included Sir Charles Inigo Thomas and the composer Arthur Goring Thomas.

He married Mabel Brand, third daughter of Henry Brand, 1st Viscount Hampden. Their son, who was only two when Thomas died, became Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon, and also played for Sussex.

Lymington
Lymington /ˈlɪmɪŋtən/ is a port town on the west bank of the Lymington River on the Solent, in the New Forest district of Hampshire, England.

The town faces Yarmouth, Isle of Wight, to which there is a car ferry service operated by Wightlink. It is within the civil parish of Lymington and Pennington. The town has a large tourist industry, based on proximity to the New Forest and its harbour. It is a major yachting centre with three marinas. In 2021 it had a population of 14,858.
Spring Lake Park, Minnesota
Spring Lake Park is a city in Anoka and Ramsey counties in the state of Minnesota. The population was 7,188 at the 2020 census. The city is located mainly within Anoka County. Minnesota State Highways 47 and 65 and County Highway 10 are three of the main routes in the city.

Minnesota State Highway 47
Minnesota State Highway 47 (MN 47) is a 126.872-mile-long (204.181 km) highway in east–central Minnesota, which runs from its intersection with Central Avenue (State Highway 65) in Minneapolis and continues north to its northern terminus at its intersection with U.S. Highway 169 in Aitkin.

For part of its route (8 miles), it runs together with U.S. Highway 10 in Coon Rapids and Anoka.  The two routes are concurrent from Foley Boulevard in Coon Rapids to Ferry Street (US 169) in Anoka.

Highway 47 also runs together with State Highway 18 for 9 miles in Mille Lacs and Aitkin counties around the northeast side of Mille Lacs Lake.
Valentine Thomas
Valentine Thomas (died 1603) was an English servant or soldier whose confession in 1598 as a would-be assassin of Elizabeth I caused tension between England and Scotland. Thomas's confession implicated James VI of Scotland, who wrote several letters to Elizabeth to ensure his rights to English throne were unharmed.

William Bowes (ambassador)
Sir William Bowes of Streatlam, (died 1611), was an English ambassador to Scotland, Deputy Warden of the West March, Treasurer of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and Member of Parliament for Westmorland.

William was the eldest son of George Bowes of Streatlam and Dorothy Mallory and succeeded to his father's encumbered estates in 1580. He was elected Member of Parliament for Westmorland in 1593
Cole Durham
W. Cole Durham Jr. (born February 26, 1948) is an American educator. He is Susa Young Gates University Professor of Law and director of the International Center for Law and Religion Studies (ICLRS) at Brigham Young University's (BYU) J. Reuben Clark Law School (JRCLS). He is an internationally active specialist in religious freedom law, involved in comparative law scholarship, with a special emphasis on comparative constitutional law. In January 2009, the First Freedom Center granted him the International First Freedom Award, in Richmond, Virginia.

First Freedom Center
37°32′8.3″N 77°25′56.4″W﻿ / ﻿37.535639°N 77.432333°W﻿ / 37.535639; -77.432333
The First Freedom Center is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit located in Richmond, Virginia.  Its mission is to commemorate and educate about freedom of religion and conscience as proclaimed in Thomas Jefferson's Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom.  Located in the Shockoe Slip district of downtown Richmond, the Center sits on the site where Jefferson's statute was enacted into law by the Virginia General Assembly on January 16, 1786.  Championed through the Virginia General Assembly by James Madison, the statute was the first law of absolute religious freedom enacted in the young nation and served as a template for the religion clauses of the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which would be ratified five years later (1791).
George Bernard Butler
George Bernard Butler Jr. (February 8, 1838 – May 4, 1907) was a portrait, genre, animal, and still life painter. Butler was born in New York City, where he studied art under Thomas Hicks.

In 1859 he went to Paris to study under Thomas Couture, then returned to serve in the military during the American Civil War. Despite the loss of his right arm, Butler continued his art career in New York and San Francisco, and was elected a National Academician in 1873. Two years later he returned to Europe and remained in Italy for an extended period.

Thomas Couture
Thomas Couture (French pronunciation: [tɔma kutyʁ]; 21 December 1815 – 30 March 1879) was a French history painter and teacher. He taught many notable contemporary figures of the art world, such as Édouard Manet, Henri Fantin-Latour, John La Farge, Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, John Ward Dunsmore, Karel Javůrek, William Morris Hunt, and Joseph-Noël Sylvestre.
Tuka Rocha
Christiano "Tuka" Chiaradia Alcoba Rocha (December 13, 1982 – November 17, 2019) was a Brazilian race car driver. He won numerous karting championships in Brazil from 1996 to 2000. Then moved up to South American Formula 3 Lights. In 2002 he moved to Europe to compete in the World Series by Nissan where he was Ricardo Zonta's teammate. In 2004 he competed in Superfund Euro 3000. In 2005 he was a test driver for A1 Team Brazil in the A1 Grand Prix Series and was named one of the team's race drivers for the 2006-2007 season. In 2008 Tuka was chosen to drive the Flamengo's car in Formula Superleague.

Rocha died on November 17, 2019, three days after being involved in a small airplane crash near Bahia, Brazil. On a private flight from Jundiaí Airport to Maraú-Barra Grande Airport near Maraú the aircraft crashed on landing. The Cessna Citation II burst into flames fatally injuring Tuka Rocha and two others.

Jundiaí Airport
Comte. Rolim Adolfo Amaro State Airport (IATA: QDV, ICAO: SBJD) formerly SDJD, is the airport serving Jundiaí, Brazil. It is named after Rolim Adolfo Amaro (1942–2001), founder and former president of LATAM Brasil formerly known as TAM Airlines.

It is operated by Rede Voa.
J.G. and Elizabeth S. Vawter House
The J.G. and Elizabeth S. Vawter House is a historic residence located in Winterset, Iowa, United States.  J.G. Vawter settled in Winterset in 1854 and was a local merchant.  His wife Elizabeth owned this house.  They left the community sometime before 1865.  This 2½-story structure is composed of locally quarried limestone.  Its construction is attributed to Caleb Clark, and it is the first mansion built in Madison County.  It features a main entry with a protruding arched, hood mold and a fan-shaped transom, large windows on the south elevation, lintels with cornices, two stone chimneys, a louvred attic window, and icicle-shaped bargeboards.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

Bargeboard
A bargeboard or rake fascia is a board fastened to each projecting gable of a roof to give it strength and protection, and to conceal the otherwise exposed end grain of the horizontal timbers or purlins of the roof. The word bargeboard is probably from the Medieval Latin bargus, or barcus, a scaffold, and not from the now obsolete synonym vergeboard.
Aristarchus of Athens
Aristarchus (Ancient Greek: Ἀρίσταρχος) is named with Peisander, Phrynichus, and Antiphon, as a principal leader of the "Four Hundred" during the Athenian coup of 411 BC, and is specified as one of the strongest anti-democratic partisans.

On the first breaking out of the counter-revolution we find him leaving the council-room with Theramenes, and acting at Peiraeeus at the head of the young oligarchical cavalry; and on the downfall of his party, he took advantage of his office as strategos, and rode off with a party of foreign archers to the border fort of Oenoe, then besieged by the Boeotians and Corinthians. In concert with them, and under cover of his command, he deluded the garrison, by a statement of terms concluded with Sparta, into surrender, and thus gained the place for the enemy.

He afterwards, it appears, came into the hands of the Athenians, and was with Alexicles brought to trial and executed, not later than 406 BC.

Athenian coup of 411 BC
The Athenian coup of 411 BC was the result of a revolution that took place during the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta. The coup overthrew the democratic government of ancient Athens and replaced it with a short-lived oligarchy known as the Four Hundred.

In the wake of the financial crisis caused by the failed Sicilian Expedition of the Athenian military in 413 BC, some high-status Athenian men, who had disliked the broad-based democracy of the city-state for a long time, sought to establish an oligarchy of the elite. They believed that they could manage foreign, fiscal, and war policies better than the existing government.

The movement toward oligarchy was led by a number of prominent and wealthy Athenians, who held positions of power in the Athenian army at Samos in coordination with Alcibiades.
Benzamidine
Benzamidine is an organic compound with the formula C6H5C(NH)NH2.  It is the simplest aryl amidine.  The compound is a white solid that is slightly soluble in water. It is usually handled as the hydrochloride salt, a white, water-soluble solid.

Aryl group
In organic chemistry, an aryl is any functional group or substituent derived from an aromatic ring, usually an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as phenyl and naphthyl. "Aryl" is used for the sake of abbreviation or generalization, and "Ar" is used as a placeholder for the aryl group in chemical structure diagrams, analogous to “R” used for any organic substituent. “Ar” is not to be confused with the elemental symbol for argon.

A simple aryl group is phenyl (C6H5−), a group derived from benzene. Examples of other aryl groups consist of:

The tolyl group (CH3C6H4−) which is derived from toluene (methylbenzene)

The xylyl group ((CH3)2C6H3−), which is derived from xylene (dimethylbenzene)

The naphthyl group (C10H7−), which is derived from naphthalene

Arylation is the process in which an aryl group is attached to a substituent. It is typically achieved by cross-coupling reactions.
Amway North America
Amway North America (formerly known as Quixtar North America) is an American worldwide multi-level marketing (MLM) company, founded 1959 in Ada, Michigan, United States. It is privately owned by the families of Richard DeVos and Jay Van Andel through Alticor which is the holding company for businesses including Amway, Amway Global, Fulton Innovation, Amway Hotel Corporation, Hatteras Yachts, and manufacturing and logistics company Access Business Group. After the launch of Amway Global (originally operating under the name Quixtar), it replaced the Amway business in the United States, Canada and the Caribbean, with the Amway business continuing to operate in other countries around the world. On May 1, 2009, Quixtar made the name change to Amway Global and fused the various different entities of the parent company.

Amway Global is a member of the Direct Selling Association and the Better Business Bureau.

Nutrilite
Nutrilite is a brand of mineral, vitamin, and dietary supplements developed in 1934 by Carl F. Rehnborg.  Nutrilite products are currently manufactured by Access Business Group, a subsidiary of Alticor whose products are sold via Amway worldwide. The Nutrilite brand is known as Nutriway in Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Turkey, Australia and New Zealand.
Ahmed Rebai
Ahmed Rebai (Arabic: أحمد الرباعي), by his full name Ahmed Ben Wajdi Rebai (أحمد بن وجدي الرباعي), born on October 27, 1997, in Tunis, is a Tunisian singer.

Coming from a family of musicians from Sfax, he is the nephew of singer Saber Rebaï.

Sfax
Sfax (/s(ə)ˈfæks/ s(ə-)FAKS; Arabic: صفاقس, romanized: Ṣafāqis, Tunisian Arabic: [ˈsˤfaːqəs] ⓘ) is a major port city in Tunisia, located 270 km (170 mi) southeast of Tunis. The city, founded in AD 849 on the ruins of Taparura, is the capital of the Sfax Governorate (about 955,421 inhabitants in 2014), and a Mediterranean port. Sfax has a population of 341,999 (census 2022). Its main industries include phosphate, olive and nut processing, fishing (it is the largest fishing port in Tunisia) and international trade. The city is the second-most populous in the country after the capital, Tunis.
Johnny Jump Up
Johnny Jump Up can refer to:

A number of species of violet (Viola sp.) flower, including:
Viola bicolor, also known as the American field pansy
Viola cornuta, also known as the tufted pansy
Viola pedunculata also known as the California golden violet
Viola tricolor, also known as heartsease

A local name for the blue-black grassquit bird

Johnny Jump Up (song), an Irish folk song about strong cider

Johnny Jump Up (song)
"Johnny Jump Up" is an Irish drinking song by Tadhg Jordan from County Cork. It was first popularized by Jimmy Crowley, and then brought to a wider audience by Christy Moore, appearing on his self-titled 1976 album Christy Moore.

Johnny Jump Up is a strong cider, apparently made stronger by being stored in old whiskey barrels. The song contains numerous local Cork references such as "Up The Lee Road," where a psychiatric hospital was located.
Velikov
Velikov (masculine, Bulgarian: Великов) or Velikova (feminine, Bulgarian: Великова) is a Bulgarian surname.  Notable people with the surname include:

Nikolai Velikov (born 1945), Russian figure skater and coach

Ludmila Velikova (born 1947), Russian figure skater and coach

Petar Velikov (born 1951), Bulgarian chess grandmaster

Igor Velikov (born 1976), Bulgarian/American investor and philanthropist

Veselin Velikov (born 1977), Bulgarian footballer

Maxim Velikov (born 1982), Russian ice hockey player

Radoslav Velikov (born 1983), Bulgarian freestyle wrestler

Petar Velikov
Petar Velikov (Bulgarian: Петър Великов; born March 30, 1951, in Dobrich) is a Bulgarian chess player, who won the Bulgarian Chess Championship in 1987. He has represented Bulgaria in four Chess Olympiads (1982, 1984, 1986, 1990) and was awarded the Grandmaster title in 1982. He is a medical doctor by profession.
Euphorbia ankazobensis
Euphorbia ankazobensis is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Madagascar.

It is known from one single collection in the Ankazobe area of Madagascar's Central Highlands. Its natural habitat is in remnant montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss, and its natural habitat is extremely fragmented and degraded by human activity. It is assessed as critically endangered.

Trade in this species is regulated under Appendix II of CITES.

Central Highlands (Madagascar)
The Central Highlands, Central High Plateau, or Hautes-Terres are a mountainous biogeographical region in central Madagascar. They include the contiguous part of the island's interior above 800 m (2,600 ft) elevation. The Central Highlands are separated from the Northern Highlands of the northern tip of Madagascar by a low-lying valley, the Mandritsara Window, which has apparently acted as a barrier to dispersal for species in the highlands, leading to species pairs such as Voalavo gymnocaudus and Voalavo antsahabensis in the Northern and Central Highlands. Species restricted to the Central Highlands include the bats Miniopterus manavi and Miniopterus sororculus; the rodents Brachyuromys betsileoensis and Voalavo antsahabensis; the tenrecs Hemicentetes nigriceps and Oryzorictes tetradactylus; and the lemur Cheirogaleus sibreei. Because of the continuous habitat of the Central Highlands, there is little local endemism, unlike the Northern Highlands.
North East Land, Sea and Air Museums
The North East Land, Sea and Air Museums (NELSAM), formerly the North East Aircraft Museum, is a volunteer-run aviation museum situated on the site of the former RAF Usworth/Sunderland Airport, between Washington and Sunderland, in Tyne and Wear, England. The museum has the largest aviation collection between Yorkshire and Scotland and houses over 30 aircraft and a wide collection of aero engines. The museum also has a small collection of other items such as weaponry, vehicles and other historical exhibits.

The museum also has special displays showing a replica of a Second World War British street and one honouring No. 607 Squadron RAF, which was based at RAF Usworth.

NELSAM is an English registered charity.

Aviation museum
An aviation museum, air museum, or air and space museum is a museum exhibiting the history and artifacts of aviation. In addition to actual, replica or accurate reproduction aircraft, exhibits can include photographs, maps, models, dioramas, clothing and equipment used by aviators.
Merivale, Tauranga
Merivale or Parkvale (Māori: Tutarawanga) is a suburb of Tauranga, in the Bay of Plenty Region of New Zealand's North Island.

The suburb was established after World War II, when six family farms, including the Merrivale Estate, were purchased by developers and subdivided.

Local residents and organisations refer to the area as Merivale. However, some maps refer to the area as Parkvale, and New Zealand Police and Fire and Emergency New Zealand dispatchers often follow these maps. The agencies officially recognise both names.

Fire and Emergency New Zealand
Fire and Emergency New Zealand is New Zealand's main firefighting and emergency services body.

Fire and Emergency was formally established on the 1st of July 2017, after the New Zealand Fire Service, the National Rural Fire Authority, and 38 rural fire districts and territorial authorities amalgamated to form one new organisation. It has nationwide responsibility for fire safety, firefighting, hazardous substance incident response, vehicle extrication and urban search and rescue.
Gutenburg railway station
Gutenburg railway station (German: Bahnhof Gutenburg) is a railway station in the municipality of Lotzwil, in the Swiss canton of Bern. It is an intermediate stop and a request stop on the standard gauge Langenthal–Huttwil line of BLS AG.

Lucerne S-Bahn
The Lucerne S-Bahn (German: S-Bahn Luzern) is an S-Bahn-style commuter rail network focusing on Lucerne in Central Switzerland.

Opened on 12 December 2004, the network forms part of the Central Switzerland S-Bahn project (German: S-Bahn Zentralschweiz), which also includes the Zug Stadtbahn (German: Stadtbahn Zug).

The system connects to services of Aargau S-Bahn, Bern S-Bahn and Zurich S-Bahn. At larger stations, notably Arth-Goldau, Lucerne and Zug, its lines also connect to long-distance trains (RE, IR, IC, EC). It also connects to mountain railways, such as the Pilatus Railway or the Arth-Rigi railway. Lakeside stations are often close to landing sites served by the Lake Lucerne Navigation Company.
Chris Bovett
Christopher Bovett (born 25 December 1945) is a British-American former professional tennis player.

Born in Worcestershire, Bovett was educated at Harrow High School. In the mid-1960s, after failing to secure special coaching from the LTA, he emigrated to Australia to work as a freelance photographer. He secured a scholarship in 1966 to Pan American College (Texas), later transferring to the University of Houston, where he met his wife Karen. He featured in main draws at the Australian and US national championships while based in both countries. A longtime resident of the Houston area, he was a 2014 inductee into the Texas Tennis Hall of Fame.

Harrow High School
Harrow High School is a co-educational academy in the London Borough of Harrow and a specialist Sports College. It was previously called Gayton High School and Harrow County School for Boys. The school has a sixth form for post-16 studies part of the Harrow Sixth Form Collegiate. There was an independent school with the same name on a nearby site until the late 1980s.
Terry Horne
Terry Bryce Horne (2 October 1953 – 7 September 2019) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played in twelve first-class matches for Central Districts from 1977 and 1980.

Horne was educated at Nelson College from 1966 to 1970, and played in the school's 1st XI cricket team in his final two years there. He became a lawyer and accountant, and was an executive at Sealord Group in Nelson, retiring as the company's general manager of corporate services in 2010 after 18 years with the firm.

Horne died in Nelson on 7 September 2019.

Nelson College
Nelson College is the oldest state secondary school in New Zealand, a feat achieved in part thanks to its original inception as a private school. It is an all-boys school in the City of Nelson that teaches from years 9 to 13. In addition, it runs a private preparatory school for year 7 and 8 boys. The school also has places for boarders, who live in two boarding houses adjacent to the main school buildings on the same campus.

A Nelson College old boy, Charles Monro, was instrumental in introducing the game of rugby into New Zealand.
Varese Casbeno railway station
Varese Casbeno railway station (Italian: Stazione di Varese Casbeno) serves the neighborhood of Casbeno in the city of Varese in Lombardy, northern Italy. It is located on the Saronno–Laveno railway. The station is managed by Ferrovienord.

Varese
Varese (UK: /vəˈreɪzeɪ, -zi/ və-RAY-zay, -⁠zee, US: /vɑːˈreɪseɪ/ var-AY-say; Italian: [vaˈreːze] ⓘ or [vaˈreːse]; Varesino: Varés [ʋaˈreːs]; Latin: Baretium; archaic German: Väris) is a city and comune in north-western Lombardy, northern Italy, 55 km (34 mi) north-west of Milan. The population of Varese in 2018 was 80,559.

It is the capital of the Province of Varese. The hinterland or exurban part of the city is called Varesotto.