hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Federico Norcia
Federico Norcia (31 March 1904, Lugo di Romagna – 15 July 1985, Modena) was an Italian chess master.

He played several times in the Italian Chess Championship, and took 2nd, behind Mario Monticelli, at Milan 1935, tied for 4-5th at Florence 1935, shared 1st at Ferrara 1952, and shared 1st at Perugia 1960.

During World War II, Norcia tied for 3rd-5th at Munich 1942 (Europameisterschaft – European Individual Chess Championship, Wertungsturnier – Qualification Tournament, Gösta Danielsson won).

Norcia played for Italy in Chess Olympiads at Folkestone 1933, Munich 1936 (unofficial), Amsterdam 1954, Munich 1958 and Havana 1966. and represented Italy in friendly matches against Switzerland in 1958 and Hungary in 1960.

3rd unofficial Chess Olympiad
The 3rd unofficial Chess Olympiad was held by German Chess Federation (Grossdeutscher Schachbund) as a counterpart of the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin with reference to 1924 and 1928 events. Many Jewish chess players took part in the event. Significantly, the "Jewish" teams of Hungary (i.e. Lajos Steiner, Endre Steiner, László Szabó, Ernő Gereben, Kornél Havasi) and Poland (i.e. Paulino Frydman, Miguel Najdorf, Henryk Friedman, Leon Kremer, Henryk Pogorieły) beat "Aryan" Germany. Also Jewish masters from other countries played leading roles there (i.e. Movsas Feigins, Gunnar Friedemann, Imre König, Lodewijk Prins, Isakas Vistaneckis, Emil Zinner, etc.).

The Schach-Olympia 1936 took place in Munich between August 17 and September 1, 1936. In that extra-Olympiad (non-FIDE) 208 participants, representing 21 countries, played 1680 games. The Munich unofficial Olympiad was the biggest team competition ever held.
Erdős–Nagy theorem
The Erdős–Nagy theorem is a result in discrete geometry stating that a non-convex simple polygon can be made into a convex polygon by a finite sequence of flips.  The flips are defined by taking a convex hull of a polygon and reflecting a pocket with respect to the boundary edge.  The theorem is named after mathematicians Paul Erdős and Béla Szőkefalvi-Nagy.

Branko Grünbaum
Branko Grünbaum (Hebrew: ברנקו גרונבאום; 2 October 1929 – 14 September 2018) was a Croatian-born mathematician of Jewish descent and a professor emeritus at the University of Washington in Seattle.  He received his Ph.D. in 1957 from Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Narasimhagupta
Narasimhagupta (Gupta script:  Na-ra-si-ṅha-gu-pta) Baladitya was the Gupta Emperor from 495 to 530. He was son of Purugupta and probably the successor of Budhagupta. Hiuen Tsang refers to him as the king of Magadha.

Gupta script
The Gupta script (sometimes referred to as Gupta Brahmi script or Late Brahmi script) was used for writing Sanskrit and is associated with the Gupta Empire of the Indian subcontinent, which was a period of material prosperity and great religious and scientific developments. The Gupta script was descended from Brāhmī and gave rise to the Śāradā and Siddhaṃ scripts. These scripts in turn gave rise to many of the most important Indic scripts, including Devanāgarī (the most common script used for writing Sanskrit since the 19th century), the Gurmukhī script for Punjabi, the Odia script, the Bengali-Assamese script and the Tibetan script.
Olena Khlusovych
Olena Khlusovych (born 2 December 1969) is a retired Ukrainian triple jumper.

She finished twelfth at the 1996 Olympic Games. She also competed at the World Indoor Championships in 1995 and 1997, the 1997 World Championships and the 2000 Olympic Games without reaching the final.

Her personal best jump is 14.38 metres, achieved during the 1996 Olympic qualification round.

1997 IAAF World Indoor Championships
The 6th IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics were held at the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris, France from March 7 to March 9, 1997. It was the first athletic championships to introduce women's pole vault. There were a total number of 712 participating athletes from 118 countries.
Aleksandras
Aleksandras is a Lithuanian male given name derived from Alexander. People with this name include:

Alexander Jagiellon (1461–1506), Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland

Aleksandras Abišala (born 1955), former Prime Minister of Lithuania

Aleksandras Ambrazevičius (born 1953), Lithuanian politician

Aleksandras Antipovas (born 1955), long distance runner

Aleksandras Dičpetris (1906–1968), Lithuanian poet and educator

Aleksandras Lileikis (1907–2000), Lithuanian Holocaust perpetrator

Aleksandras Fromas-Gužutis (also known as Gužutis; 1822–1900), Lithuanian writer

Aleksandras Machtas (1892–1972), chess master

Aleksandras Plechavičius (1897–1942), Lithuanian military officer

Aleksandras Stulginskis (1885–1969), President of Lithuania

Aleksandras Štromas (1931–1999), political scientist

Aleksandras Abišala
Aleksandras Abišala (born 28 December 1955) is a former Lithuanian politician and Prime Minister of Lithuania (1992).

Abišala was born on 28 December 1955 into a family of deportees in the Komi region of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR).

He became one of the leaders of the Kaunas faction of the Sąjūdis movement in 1988. Abišala was elected deputy to the Lithuanian Supreme Soviet in 1990 and was one of the signatories of the 11 March declaration of independence. Until 1992, he served as minister without portfolio, then from 21 July through 2 December 1992 as prime minister.

In 2007, he established his own business consulting company called "A. Abišala and Partners".
Jim Lembke
James W. Lembke (born July 24, 1961) is an American Republican politician from Missouri. He served as a member of the Missouri House of Representatives from 2003 through 2009, representing the 85th district, and as a member of the Missouri Senate from 2009 to 2013, representing the 1st district.

In 2011, Lembke led a filibuster over the state accepting extended unemployment benefits from the federal government, effectively cutting off those benefits until an agreement cut state benefits to 20 weeks from 26 weeks. The move was criticized by both Democrats and Republicans, as the state was not required to pay anything for the extended benefits.

He was the only Republican representing a significant portion of St. Louis City in the state legislature. He was defeated by Democrat Scott Sifton in 2012.

Missouri's 1st Senate district
Missouri's 1st Senatorial District is one of 34 districts in the Missouri Senate. Since 2021, the district has been represented by Democrat Doug Beck, who has served as Minority Floor Leader since 2024.
AK-203
The AK-203 is a Russian gas-operated assault rifle designed to chamber the 7.62×39mm cartridge. It is one of the latest iterations of the AK series of assault rifles originally designed by Mikhail Kalashnikov. The AK-203 was developed in the 2010s by Kalashnikov Concern in Russia, primarily operated by Indian Armed Forces.

7.62×39mm
The 7.62×39 mm (also called 7.62 Soviet, formerly .30 Russian Short) round is a rimless bottlenecked intermediate cartridge of Soviet origin. The cartridge is widely used due to the global proliferation of the AK-47 rifle and related Kalashnikov-pattern rifles, the SKS semi-automatic rifle, and the RPD/RPK light machine guns.

The AK-47 was designed shortly after World War II, later becoming the AKM because the production of sheet metal receivers had issues when first initiated. This weapon is now the world's most widespread military-pattern rifle. The cartridge remained the Soviet standard until the 1970s. It was partly replaced in Soviet service by the 5.45×39mm cartridge, which was introduced with the new AK-74 rifle, and continues in service with the modernized current-issue Russian Armed Forces AK-74M service rifle, as well as the AK-12 rifle. In the 21st century, the 7.62×39 mm remains a common service rifle chambering, including for newly developed rifles like the AK-15.
Statutes of Casimir the Great
The Statutes of Casimir the Great or Piotrków-Wiślica Statutes (Polish: Statuty wiślicko-piotrkowskie) are a collection of laws issued by Casimir III the Great, the king of Poland, in the years 1346-1362 during congresses in Piotrków and Wiślica. It was the first and the only significant codification of laws during the times of the Piast dynasty.

Piast dynasty
The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I (c. 960–992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of King Casimir III the Great.

Branches of the Piast dynasty continued to rule in the Duchy of Masovia (until 1526) and in the Duchies of Silesia until the last male Silesian Piast died in 1675. The Piasts intermarried with several noble lines of Europe, and possessed numerous titles, some within the Holy Roman Empire. The Jagiellonian kings ruling after the death of Casimir IV of Poland were also descended in the female line from Casimir III's daughter.
Zhuhai National Hi-Tech Industrial Development District
Zhuhai National High-Tech Industrial Development District (Chinese: 珠海高新技术产业开发区) was established in December, 1992 by the State Council of the People's Republic of China. It is also called Zhuhai National Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone. It has an initial area of 9.8 square kilometers. Following a 1999 adjustment, it now includes four industrial parks: Nanping (南屏), Sanzao (三灶), Baijiao (白蕉) and Xinqing (新青), and an innovation coast.

Guangzhou–Zhuhai intercity railway
Guangzhou–Zhuhai intercity railway or Guangzhu intercity railway (simplified Chinese: 广珠城际铁路; traditional Chinese: 廣珠城際鐵路; pinyin: guǎngzhū chéngjì tiělù) is a dedicated, grade-separated regional railway linking Guangzhou South railway station in Panyu, Guangzhou, Jiangmen railway station in Xinhui, Jiangmen, and Zhuhai Jinwan Airport in Zhuhai, via Shunde, Zhongshan and Jiangmen, in Guangdong province. It is the first line completed in the Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region intercity railway network. It is operated by China Railway Guangzhou Group.
Ohio's 31st senatorial district
Ohio's 31st senatorial district has been based in central Ohio since 1982 and currently consists of the counties of Coshocton, Licking, Perry and Tuscarawas along with portions of Holmes county. It encompasses Ohio House districts 71, 72 and 98.  It has a Cook PVI of R+21.  Its current Ohio Senator is Republican Al Landis.

Coshocton County, Ohio
Coshocton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,612. Its county seat and largest city is Coshocton. The county lies within the Appalachian region of the state. The county was formed on January 31, 1810, from portions of Muskingum and Tuscarawas Counties and later organized in 1811. Its name comes from the Delaware Indian language and has been translated as "union of waters" or "black bear crossing". Coshocton was mentioned by David Zeisberger in his diary from the 1780s using the German spelling "Goschachgünk". The Coshocton, OH Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coshocton County.
St Andrew's Church, Hittisleigh
St Andrew's Church, Hittisleigh, is an Anglican parish church in Hittisleigh in Mid Devon. It is listed Grade I on the National Heritage List for England.

It was restored in 1914 and 1967. The tower dates from the late 15th century.

Mid Devon
50°54′00″N 3°29′24″W﻿ / ﻿50.900°N 3.490°W﻿ / 50.900; -3.490

Mid Devon is a local government district in Devon, England. The council is based in the district's largest town of Tiverton. The district also contains the towns of Bampton, Bradninch, Crediton and Cullompton, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Part of the district lies within the Blackdown Hills, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are East Devon, Teignbridge, West Devon, Torridge, North Devon and Somerset.
Len Parrot's Memorial Lift
Len Parrot's Memorial Lift is the debut studio album by the English musician Baxter Dury, released on 29 July 2002 through Rough Trade Records. It was primarily produced by Dury and Craig Silvey, with additional production by Nick Terry and Geoff Barrow.

Mercury Rev
Mercury Rev is an American rock band formed in 1989 in Buffalo, New York, with Jonathan Donahue (vocals and guitar) and Sean "Grasshopper" Mackowiak (guitar/clarinet/other instruments) as the only constant members. The band's music has incorporated indie rock, psychedelic rock and American roots, amongst other forms. Mercury Rev have been closely associated with The Flaming Lips, and the two bands have shared historical ties.
Jed Chouman
Jared "Jed" Sarwat Yehia Chouman (Arabic: جارد ثروت يحيى شومان; born 19 March 1993) is a former footballer who played as a defender or midfielder. Born in England, he played for the Lebanon national team.

Lebanese Super Cup
The Lebanese Super Cup (Arabic: كأس السوبر اللبناني) is Lebanese football's annual match contested between the champions of the previous Lebanese Premier League season and the holders of the Lebanese FA Cup. If the Lebanese Premier League champions also won the Lebanese FA Cup then the league runners-up provide the opposition.

The fixture is recognized as a competitive super cup by the Lebanese Football Association and the Asian Football Confederation. Ahed and Nejmeh are the most successful clubs in the competition with eight wins each.
Filip Taschler
Filip Taschler (born 29 August 1999) is a Czech ice dancer. With his sister and skating partner, Natálie Taschlerová, he is a seven-time Challenger Series medalist (including two gold) and three-time Czech national champion (2022–23, 2025). They represented the Czech Republic at the 2022 and 2026 Winter Olympics.

On the junior level, he is a three-time Czech national junior champion (2018-20), the 2019 JGP USA bronze medalist, and has competed in the final segment at three World Junior Championships, their highest placement being fourteenth in 2019.

Open d'Andorra
The Open d'Andorra is an international figure skating competition held annually in Canillo, Andorra, usually in November. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, and ice dance at the senior, junior, and novice levels.
The Fire at Ross's Farm
"The Fire at Ross's Farm" (1890) is a poem by Australian poet Henry Lawson.

It was originally published in The Bulletin on 6 December 1890 and subsequently reprinted in several of the author's other collections, other newspapers and periodicals and a number of Australian poetry anthologies.

Henry Lawson
Henry Archibald Hertzberg Lawson (17 June 1867 – 2 September 1922) was an Australian writer and bush poet. Along with his contemporary Banjo Paterson, Lawson is among the best-known Australian poets and fiction writers of the colonial period and is often called Australia's "greatest short story writer".

A vocal nationalist and republican, Lawson regularly contributed to The Bulletin, and many of his works helped popularise the Australian vernacular in fiction. He wrote prolifically into the 1890s, after which his output declined, in part due to struggles with alcoholism and mental illness. At times destitute, he spent periods in Darlinghurst Gaol and psychiatric institutions. After he died in 1922 following a cerebral haemorrhage, Lawson became the first Australian writer to be granted a state funeral.

He was the son of the poet, publisher and feminist Louisa Lawson.
Henriques v Giles
Henriques v Giles NO and Another; Henriques v Giles NO and Others is an important case in the South African law of succession, decided in the Supreme Court of Appeal in May 2009. It concerned the rectification of cross-signed wills. The matter was an appeal from the High Court of South Africa, where it was heard in 2007 by Judge Patricia Goliath of the Cape Town High Court.

Supreme Court of Appeal (South Africa)
The Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA), formerly known as the Appellate Division, is the second-highest court of appeal in South Africa below the Constitutional Court. The country's apex court from 1910 to 1994, it no longer holds that position, having been displaced in constitutional matters by the Constitutional Court in 1994, and in all matters by 2013. It is located in Bloemfontein. Bloemfontein is often seen as, and has been traditionally referred to as, the "judicial capital" of South Africa because of the court, although the Constitutional Court is based in Johannesburg.
Kuki-Zo Council
The Kuki-Zo Council is a joint body of Kuki-Zo tribal leaders in Manipur, India. It came into being in October 2024 after 18 months of 2023–2025 Manipur violence, in which the Kuki-Zo community felt targeted by the Manipur state government.
During the previous months, the community was represented by Indigenous Tribal Leaders' Forum (ITLF) in the Churachandpur district and the Committee on Tribal Unity (CoTU) in the Kangpokpi district. After the formation of the Kuki-Zo Council, ITLF and CoTU came to be regarded as local organisations.

Thadou people
Thadou people, also called Thadou Kukis, are the Thadou language-speaking Kuki people inhabiting Northeast India, Burma, and Bangladesh. "Thadou" is also the name of a particular clan among the Thadou Kukis. Other clans of Thadou Kukis include Haokip, Kipgen, Doungel, Hangshing, Mangvung etc.
Capt. John Halstead Farm
Capt. John Halstead Farm is a historic home and farm located near Kesslers Cross Lanes, Nicholas County, West Virginia.  It was built about 1876, and is a two-story side gable with a rear gable two-story wing. It features a full-length, two-story porch on the front of the house and one on the side of the wing in the rear. Also on the property are a contributing gable-roofed tool shed, a small barn, a long narrow chicken coop, an outhouse, and a large barn.  It is an example of the local type of residence and subsistence farm.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Nicholas County, West Virginia
Nicholas County is a county located in the central region of U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,604. Its county seat is Summersville. The county was created in 1818 by the Virginia General Assembly and named for Virginia Governor Wilson Cary Nicholas.
The Friendship Company: Open for Business
The Friendship Company: Open for Business is the thirteenth studio and second Children's music album by Christian singer Sandi Patti, released in 1991 on Everland, a Word Records label that specializes in children's music. A sequel to 1989's Sandi Patti and the Friendship Company, this album continues the theme of friendship and with some new animal friends joining Patti at a clubhouse. It also features dialog in between songs telling the story. The Friendship Company: Open for Business peaked at No. 8 on the Billboard Top Christian Albums chart and in 1992, Patti won for Children's Music Album of the Year and her 11th and final Female Vocalist title (an award she has won since 1982) at the 23rd GMA Dove Awards.

Word Records
Word Records is a Christian faith-based entertainment company based in Nashville, Tennessee. It is owned by Curb Records, and is a part of Word Entertainment. It is distributed by Warner Records (the former Warner Bros. Records).
2014 Paris–Roubaix
The 2014 Paris–Roubaix was the 112th edition of the Paris–Roubaix race, that took place on 13 April 2014, over a distance of 257 kilometres (159.7 miles) and was the tenth race of the 2014 UCI World Tour. The race was won by Niki Terpstra of the Omega Pharma–Quick-Step team, after he attacked from a small group of riders with around 6 km (3.7 mi) remaining. He finished 20 seconds clear of the remainder of the group, led home by Giant–Shimano's John Degenkolb and Fabian Cancellara of Trek Factory Racing, the race's defending winner.

Lidl–Trek (men's team)
Lidl–Trek (UCI team code: LTK) is a professional road bicycle racing team at UCI WorldTeam level licensed in Germany for 2026. Formerly RadioShack–Nissan, in 2014, Trek took over the ownership of the team and its ProTeam License.
Tanoor, Nirmal district
Tanoor is a mandal in  the Nirmal district of the Indian state of Telangana. It is located in Tanoor mandal of Nirmal revenue division. It was a part of the Adilabad district prior to the re-organisation of districts in the state.

Adilabad district
Adilabad district is a administrative district in the most northern area of Telangana, India. It is known as the gateway district to South India. The district is the named after its headquarters, Adilabad city.

Adilabad district is bounded by Asifabad district to the east, Nirmal district to the south, and the state of Maharashtra to the north and west. As of 2022, it is a part of the red corridor.
Deaths in January 2015
The following is a list of notable deaths in January 2015.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship and reason for notability, established cause of death, reference.

Cycling at the 1948 Summer Olympics
The cycling competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London consisted of two road cycling events and four track cycling events, all for men only. The track cycling events were held at the Herne Hill Velodrome in south London. The road race events were held in Windsor Great Park, south of Windsor.
Donald Shaw (musician)
Donald Shaw, (born 1967) is a Scottish musician, composer, producer, and one of the founding members of the group Capercaillie. He has been the artistic director of Celtic Connections since  2006.

Shaw has composed for film and TV.  In 2002, he won two Royal Television Society Craft and Design awards for Best Soundtrack and Best Theme for his work on the BBC Alba drama Gruth is Uachdar (Crowdie and Cream). His score for the 2000 film Transition was BAFTA nominated for best soundtrack.  In 2004, he composed Harvest, a commission for the opening night of Celtic Connections. He won the Scots Trad Music Composer of the Year award in December 2006 and 2013.

BBC Alba
BBC Alba is a Scottish Gaelic-language free-to-air public broadcast television channel jointly owned by the BBC and MG Alba. The channel was launched on 19 September 2008 and is on-air for up to seven hours a day. The name Alba is the Scottish Gaelic name for Scotland. The station is unique in that it is the first channel to be delivered under a BBC licence by a partnership and was also the first multi-genre channel to come entirely from Scotland with almost all of its programmes made in Scotland.

As of 2012, BBC Alba had an average viewership of 637,000 adults over the age of 16 in Scotland each week.
2003 Belizean municipal elections
A series of municipal elections were held on March 5, 2003, to elect City and Town Councils in the Cities of Belize and Belmopan and the towns of Corozal, Orange Walk, San Pedro, San Ignacio/Santa Elena, Dangriga and Punta Gorda. 142 candidates ran in this election, of whom 25% were women.

This election was the first to be held on the same day as a general election, although general and municipal elections have been held in the same year.

The ruling People's United Party (PUP) won 47 of a possible 67 seats, with the UDP winning the remaining 20.

Dangriga
Dangriga, formerly known as Stann Creek Town, is a town in southern Belize, located on the Caribbean coast at the mouth of the North Stann Creek River. It is the capital of Belize's Stann Creek District. Dangriga is served by the Dangriga Airport. Commonly known as the "culture capital of Belize" due to its influence on punta music and other forms of Garifuna culture, Dangriga is the largest settlement in southern Belize.