hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
16β-Hydroxyestrone
16β-Hydroxyestrone (16β-OH-E1) is an endogenous estrogen which serves as a metabolite of estrone as well as a metabolic intermediate in the transformation of estrone into epiestriol (16β-hydroxyestradiol). 16β-Hydroxyestrone has similar estrogenic activity to that of 16α-hydroxyestrone. It is less potent than estradiol or estrone but can produce similar maximal uterotrophy at sufficiently high doses, suggesting a fully estrogenic profile.

Biotransformation
Biotransformation is the biochemical modification of one chemical compound or a mixture of chemical compounds. Biotransformations can be conducted with whole cells, their lysates, or purified enzymes.  Increasingly, biotransformations are effected with purified enzymes.  Major industries and life-saving technologies depend on biotransformations.
Prabha Marathe
Prabha Marathe (born 8 October 1936, in Pune) is an Indian dancer, choreographer, and teacher, best known for founding the Kalachhaya Cultural Centre in 1965. A student of the Kathak dance under Pandit Birju Maharaj, she trained at the Shriram Bharatiya Kala Kendra in New Delhi, and has been credited with popularising and documenting the techniques of Kathak in Maharashtra in the 1980s.

Birju Maharaj
Birju Maharaj (born Brijmohan Nath Mishra; 4 February 1938 – 17 January 2022) was an Indian dancer, composer, singer, and exponent of the Lucknow "Kalka-Bindadin" Gharana of Kathak dance in India. He was a descendant of the Maharaj family of Kathak dancers, which includes his two uncles, Shambhu Maharaj and Lachhu Maharaj, and his father and guru, Acchan Maharaj. He also practised Hindustani classical music and was a vocalist. After working along with his uncle, Shambhu Maharaj at Bhartiya Kala Kendra, later the Kathak Kendra, New Delhi, he remained head of the latter, for several years, until his retirement in 1998 when he opened his own dance school, Kalashram, also in Delhi.

Birju Maharaj was a recipient of the Padma Vibhushan, India's second highest civilian honour, in 1986.
M. S. Golwalkar
Madhav Sadashivrao Golwalkar (19 February 1906 – 5 June 1973) was an Indian politician who served as the second Sarsanghchalak ("Chief") of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a right-wing Hindutva paramilitary organisation. Golwalkar is considered one of the most influential and prominent figures among the RSS by his followers. He was the first person to put forward the concept of the Hindu Rashtra (Hindu Nation) theocratic state, which is believed to have evolved into the concept of the Akhand Bharat. Golwalkar was one of the earliest prominent Hindu nationalist thinkers in India. Golwalkar authored the book We or Our Nationhood Defined (1939). Bunch of Thoughts (1960) is a compilation of his speeches.

Akhand Bharat
Akhand Bharat (transl. Undivided India), also known as Akhand Hindustan, is a term for the irredentist concept of a greater unified India along with part of Southeast Asia. It asserts that modern-day Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Tibet are one nation.
Sahadi's
Sahadi's  is a shop in Brooklyn, New York City. The business was established in Manhattan in 1895, and relocated to Brooklyn in 1941. In 2017, Sahadi's was named one of "America's Classics" by the James Beard Foundation Awards.

James Beard Foundation Award
The James Beard Foundation Awards are annual awards presented by the James Beard Foundation to recognize chefs, restaurateurs, authors and journalists in the United States. The James Beard Foundation Awards have been likened to the Academy Awards of the food world due to its prestige and recognition.

The awards are voted on by more than 600 culinary professionals, including previous award winners. Recipients receive a medallion etched with the image of James Beard and a certificate from the foundation.
Texas's 120th House of Representatives district
The 120th district of the Texas House of Representatives contains parts of eastern San Antonio. The district also includes parts of Kirby, Windcrest, and Converse. The current representative is Barbara Gervin-Hawkins, who was first elected in 2016.

Converse, Texas
Converse is a city in Bexar County, Texas, United States, 15 miles (24 km) northeast of downtown San Antonio. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 27,466. It is part of the San Antonio metropolitan statistical area.
Isle of Man Treasury
The Treasury (Manx: Yn Tashtey) of the Isle of Man is the finance department of the Isle of Man Government.  It prepares the annual budget for the Government, and also handles taxation, customs and excise, economic affairs, information systems, internal audit, currency and the census in the Isle of Man.

The incumbent Minister for the Treasury is Dr Alex Allinson MHK.

Customs
Customs is an authority or agency in a country responsible for collecting tariffs and for controlling the flow of goods, including animals, transports, personal effects, and hazardous items, into and out of a country. Traditionally, customs has been considered as the fiscal subject that charges customs duties (i.e. tariffs) and other taxes on import and export. In recent decades, the views on the functions of customs have considerably expanded and now covers three basic issues: taxation, security, and trade facilitation.

Each country has its own laws and regulations for the import and export of goods into and out of a country, enforced by their respective customs authorities; the import/export of some goods may be restricted or forbidden entirely. A wide range of penalties are faced by those who break these laws.
Carolingian Gospel Book (British Library, Add MS 11848)
British Library, Add MS 11848 is an illuminated Carolingian Latin Gospel Book produced at Tours.  It contains the Vulgate translation of the four Gospels written on vellum in Carolingian minuscule with Square and Rustic Capitals and Uncials as display scripts.  The manuscript has 219 extant folios which measure approximately 330 by 230 mm.  The text is written in area of about 205 by 127 mm. In addition to the text of the Gospels, the manuscript contains the letter of St. Jerome to Pope Damasus and of Eusebius of Caesarea to Carpian, along with the Eusebian canon tables.  There are  prologues and capitula lists before each Gospel.  A table of readings for the year was added, probably between 1675 and 1749, to the end of the volume. This is followed by a list of capitula incipits and a word grid which were added in the Carolingian period.

Roman square capitals
Roman square capitals, also called capitalis monumentalis, inscriptional capitals, elegant capitals and capitalis quadrata, are an ancient Roman form of writing, and the basis for modern capital letters. Square capitals are characterized by sharp, straight lines, supple curves, thick and thin strokes, angled stressing and incised serifs. When written in documents this style is known as Latin book hand.
Blood donation in England
In England, blood and other tissues are collected by NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT). NHSBT Blood Donation was previously known as the National Blood Service until it merged with UK Transplant in 2005 to form a NHS special health authority. The other official blood services in the United Kingdom are the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, the Welsh Blood Service and the Northern Ireland Blood Transfusion Service.

Special health authority
A special health authority is a type of NHS body which provide services on behalf of the National Health Service in England.  Unlike other types of trust, they operate nationally rather than serve a specific geographical area.

They are a type of "arm's length body" of the Department of Health of the United Kingdom, along with executive agencies and non-departmental public bodies (NDPBs).  Special health authorities are independent, but can be subject to ministerial direction like other NHS bodies.
Leanne Hall (footballer)
Leanne Claire Hall (born 19 May 1980) is an English football goalkeeper and coach who played at full international level for England. She has spent much of her career in Yorkshire, starting at Sheffield Wednesday and enjoying two separate spells with both Doncaster Rovers Belles and Leeds United. Hall also played FA Women's Premier League football for Fulham and Leicester City Women, while the 2000 summer season was spent in Iceland with FH. In a career disrupted by serious injury, Hall attended UEFA Women's Euro 2001 and UEFA Women's Euro 2005 as a reserve goalkeeper. She most recently played for Birmingham City in the 2011 FA WSL.

In 2016 Leanne was announced as Birmingham City Assistant manager.

Hall is an accomplished double UEFA A licensed coach in goalkeeping and outfield play. Her skills have most recently been shared with Arsenal WFC. She was a coach at Sheffield FC Ladies and the technical director of Leeds United Ladies' Centre.

UEFA Women's Euro 2001
The 2001 UEFA Women's Championship, commonly referred to as the 2001 Women's Euros or just the 2001 Euros, was the eighth UEFA Women's Championship, a competition for the women's national football teams and member associations of UEFA. It took place in Germany between 23 June and 7 July 2001. It was won by Germany for the record-extending fifth time overall and third in a row with a 1–0 win in the final against Sweden, after a golden goal at the end of the final.
Sempiternus Rex
Sempiternus Rex is an encyclical of Pope Pius XII dated in Rome at St. Peter on 8 September 1951, the feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, on the 1500th anniversary of the Ecumenical Council of Chalcedon, which declared Christ to be both fully human and fully divine.

Encyclical
An encyclical was originally a circular letter sent to all the churches of a particular area in the ancient Roman Church. At that time, the word could be used for a letter sent out by any bishop. The word comes from the Late Latin encyclios (originally from the Latin encyclius, a Latinization of Greek ἐγκύκλιος (enkyklios), meaning "circular", "in a circle", or "all-round", also part of the origin of the word encyclopedia).

The term is now primarily associated with papal encyclicals from the Catholic Church for letters outlining the church's perspective on a topic, but is also used among Anglicans and the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Zeng Xiujun
Zeng Xiujun (born 10 February 1979) is a Chinese sprinter who specialized in the 100 metres. Her personal best time is 11.25 seconds, achieved in April 1998 in Chengdu.

She finished eighth in 4 × 100 m relay at the 2000 Olympic Games, together with teammates Liu Xiaomei, Qin Wangping and Li Xuemei. At the 2002 Asian Games she won a gold medal in relay; at the 2002 World Cup she finished seventh in the same event.

Athletics at the 2002 Asian Games
Athletics was contested from October 7 to October 14 at the 2002 Asian Games in Busan Asiad Main Stadium, Busan, South Korea. A total of 459 athletes from 39 nations took part in the competition. Afghanistan, Bhutan, Brunei, Laos and Maldives were the only nations without a representative in the events.
Edward Haytley
Edward Haytley was an English portrait and landscape painter of the 18th century. He was born in 1713, but his works are documented  to the period 1740–1764; other biographical detail is equally sparse, but the background of some early professional associates and early sitters suggests he may have come from Lancashire.

Foundling Museum
The Foundling Museum in Brunswick Square, London, tells the story of the Foundling Hospital, Britain's first home for children at risk of abandonment. The museum houses the nationally important Foundling Hospital Collection as well as the Gerald Coke Handel Collection, an internationally important collection of material relating to Handel and his contemporaries. After a major building refurbishment, the museum was reopened to the public in June 2004.

The museum explores the history of the Foundling Hospital, which continues today as the children's charity Coram. Artists such as William Hogarth and the composer George Frideric Handel are central to the Hospital story and today the museum celebrates the ways in which creative people have helped improve children's lives for over 275 years. It is a member of The London Museums of Health & Medicine group.
Benjamin F. B. Hunter
Lieutenant Benjamin Fitz-Bourne Hunter, USN (Ret.), was a sailor and officer of the United States Sailing Navy. Born November 11, 1821, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, he held positions of increasing responsibility and commanded many groups of sailors. He died April 9, 1884, age 62, in Bay St. Louis, Mississippi, and was buried in Natchez, Mississippi (Hunter Lot #205, Plot #3).

Natchez, Mississippi
Natchez (/ˈnætʃɪz/ NATCH-iz) is the only city in and the county seat of Adams County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 14,520 at the 2020 census. Located on the Mississippi River across from Vidalia, Louisiana, Natchez was a prominent city in the antebellum years, a center of cotton planters and Mississippi River trade.

Natchez is approximately 90 miles (140 km) southwest of the capital of Jackson and 85 miles (137 km) north of Baton Rouge, Louisiana, located on the lower Mississippi River. Natchez is the 28th-largest city in the state. The city was named for the Natchez people, who with their ancestors, inhabited much of the area from the 8th century AD through the French colonial period.
West Germany at the 1968 Winter Olympics
West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany) competed at the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble.  West German athletes had competed together with East German athletes as the United Team of Germany in the previous three Winter Olympic Games, but both nations sent independent teams starting in 1968.

1968 Winter Olympics
The 1968 Winter Olympics, officially known as the X Olympic Winter Games (French: Les Xes Jeux olympiques d'hiver), were a winter multi-sport event held from 6 to 18 February 1968 in Grenoble, France. Thirty-seven countries participated.

The 1968 Winter Games marked the first time the IOC permitted East and West Germany to enter separately, and the first time the IOC ordered drug and gender testing of competitors.

Norway won the most gold and overall medals, the first time since the 1952 Winter Olympics that the Soviet Union did not top the medal table by both parameters.
The Curious Enlightenment of Professor Caritat
The Curious Enlightenment of Professor  Caritat is a book by Steven Lukes.  It is a "comedy of ideas" which was published in 1995.

It is set in a fictional world, and its primary source of humour is based upon the allusions Lukes makes to this world.  The plot follows Professor Nicholas Caritat, who is an allusion himself to Marquis de Condorcet, a French Enlightenment scholar.

Scholar
A scholar is a person who is a researcher or has expertise in an academic discipline. A scholar can also be an academic, who works as a professor, teacher, or researcher at a university. An academic usually holds an advanced degree or a terminal degree, such as a master's degree or a doctorate. Independent scholars and public intellectuals work outside the academy yet may publish in academic journals and participate in scholarly public discussion.
Interurbano Line (Costa Rica)
Interurbano Line (Spanish: Tren Interurbano), is a commuter railway line in Costa Rica, operated by the national public railway operator Incofer. The line connects the provinces of Alajuela, Heredia, San José and Cartago.

Heredia Province
Heredia (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈɾeðja]) is a province of Costa Rica. It is in the north-central part of the country. As a result, the province covers areas as diverse as the agriculture-rich Northern plains to the more metropolitan areas such as the city of Heredia in the Central Valley. It contains several major environmentally important areas such as the Braulio Carrillo National Park and the Sarapiqui River. The capital is the city of Heredia.

To the north it borders Nicaragua, to the east is the province Limón, to the south the province San José, and to the west Alajuela.
Indian Script Code for Information Interchange
Indian Script Code for Information Interchange (ISCII) is a coding scheme for representing various writing systems of India. It encodes the main Indic scripts and a Roman transliteration. The supported scripts are: Bengali–Assamese, Devanagari, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Kannada, Malayalam, Odia, Tamil, and Telugu. ISCII does not encode the writing systems of India that are based on Persian, but its writing system switching codes nonetheless provide for Kashmiri, Sindhi, Urdu, Persian, Pashto and Arabic. The Persian-based writing systems were subsequently encoded in the PASCII encoding.

ISCII has not been widely used outside certain government institutions, although a variant without the ATR mechanism was used on classic Mac OS, Mac OS Devanagari, and it has now been rendered largely obsolete by Unicode. Unicode uses a separate block for each Indic writing system, and largely preserves the ISCII layout within each block.: 462

Gurmukhi
Gurmukhī (Punjabi: ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ [ˈɡʊɾᵊmʊkʰiː], Shahmukhi: گُرمُکھی) is an abugida developed from the Laṇḍā scripts, standardized and used by the second Sikh guru, Guru Angad (1504–1552). Commonly regarded as a Sikh script, Gurmukhi is used in Punjab, India as the official script of the Punjabi language.

The primary scripture of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib, is written in Gurmukhī, in various dialects and languages often subsumed under the generic title Sant Bhasha or "saint language", in addition to other languages like Persian and various phases of Indo-Aryan languages.

Modern Gurmukhī has thirty-five original letters, hence its common alternative term paintī or "the thirty-five", plus six additional consonants, nine vowel diacritics, two diacritics for nasal sounds, one diacritic that geminates consonants and three subscript characters.
Polypedates macrotis
Polypedates macrotis, commonly known as the dark-eared treefrog, as well as the Bongao tree frog, Bongao bubble-nest frog, Baram whipping frog, or brown-striped tree frog, is a species of tree frog (a "true" frog) in the family Rhacophoridae. This species is found on the Malay Peninsula and Southern Thailand, Sumatra and Java (Indonesia), Borneo (including Brunei) and parts of the Philippines, in addition to several smaller islands within the Coral Triangle ecoregion.

Bongao, from the common name "Bongao tree frog", is in reference to Bongao Island, the type locality of Philautus montanus—now synonymized with Polypedates macrotis. Additionally, "Baram whipping frog" is referencing Baram, a district in Sarawak, East Malaysia (Borneo), and is also the name of the type locality of P. macrotis.

Bongao
Bongao, officially the Municipality of Bongao (Tagalog: Bayan ng Bongao),  is a municipality and capital of the province of Tawi-Tawi, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 116,118 people.
1st Separate Air Assault Company "Belarus"
The 1st Separate Air Assault Company "Belarus" (Belarusian: 1-я асобная дэсантна-штурмавая рота «Беларусь», 1 ОДШР) was an assault company formed of Belarusian volunteers within the 79th Air Assault Brigade of the Ukrainian Air Assault Forces. The unit took part in the Battle of Marinka and consists of around 30 fighters.

The creation of the company was announced for the first time by Valery Sakhashchyk, the effective defence minister of the Belarusian United Transitional Cabinet of Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, in June 2023.

In an interview with the online publication "My Country is Belarus", a volunteer with the call sign "Rukh" reported that the unit ceased to exist in the summer of 2024.

Battle of Marinka (2022–2023)
During the Russo-Ukrainian war, a battle took place between Russian forces and Ukrainian forces for control over the city of Marinka.

The battle was notable for its length and the extent of destruction of the city's infrastructure. By November 2022, much of the city was destroyed, with no civilians remaining and few buildings left standing from the fighting. By December 2023, Russia had captured almost all of Marinka.

On 25 December 2023, Russia said that its forces had fully captured the city, but the Ukrainian military initially denied the claim. Ukraine's commander-in-chief Valerii Zaluzhnyi confirmed the loss of Marinka the next day.
Lac de la Bayenna
Lac de la Bayenna is a mountain lake in the Val de Moiry, a side valley of the Val d'Anniviers, on the territory of the municipality of Anniviers in the Swiss canton of Valais. It lies at 2,546 m (8,353 ft) west of Lac de Châteaupré above the glacier forelands of Moiry Glacier. Its outlet flows into the Gougra river after about 800 m slightly below Lac de Châteaupré.

Anniviers
Anniviers is a municipality in the district of Sierre in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It was formed through the merger of six municipalities in Val d'Anniviers: Ayer, Chandolin, Grimentz, Saint-Jean, Saint-Luc and Vissoie. The merger became effective 1 January 2009, creating the third largest municipality of Switzerland by area.
Code of Massachusetts Regulations
The Code of Massachusetts Regulations (CMR) is the canonical collection of regulations promulgated by various agencies of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.  It is the state counterpart to the national Code of Federal Regulations (CFR).

Regulations approved by ANNS according to a procedure established by the legislature have the force of law.  This allows the state legislature to delegate the details of certain types of lawmaking to executive agencies.

Updates to the CMR are published in the bi-weekly Massachusetts Register from the Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth.  The executive cabinet agency organized the code. In citations, the number before the "CMR" refers to the issuing agency, and the numbers thereafter refer to a specific chapter or section.

N.B. The official CMR is available online on a subscription basis. An unofficial version of the CMR is available online for free from the Massachusetts Trial Court Law Libraries.

Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
The secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Originally appointed under authority of the English Crown pursuant to the Charter of the Massachusetts Bay Company, the office of secretary of the Commonwealth (equivalent to "secretaries of state" in other U.S. jurisdictions) became an elective one in 1780. Twenty-seven individuals have occupied the office of secretary of the Commonwealth over the ensuing centuries. The incumbent is William F. Galvin, a Democrat who has held the office since 1995.
Panangad, Thrissur
Panangad is a village in Thrissur district in the state of Kerala, India. The general area resides inside the city of S.N Puram. The area serves as Industrial region for other area's inside S.N Puram. The area also has the most Urban Neighborhoods around the place.

Thrissur district
Thrissur district (Malayalam: [t̪riʃ(ː)uːr] ⓘ), anglicised as Trichur, is one of the 14 districts in the Indian state of Kerala. It is situated in the central region of the state. Spanning an area of about 3,032 km2 (1,171 sq mi), the district is home to over 9% of Kerala's population.

Thrissur district is bordered by the districts of Palakkad and Malappuram to the north,  the district of Ernakulam to the south and Coimbatore to the east. The Arabian Sea lies to the west and Western Ghats stretches towards the east.  It is part of the historical Malabar Coast, which has been trading internationally since ancient times.  The main language spoken is Malayalam.

Thrissur district was formed on 1 July 1949, with the headquarters at Thrissur city. The district is known for its ancient temples, churches, and mosques.