hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Wilichów
Battle of Wilichów was an 1124 battle between Poland and the Principality of Zvenyhorod. After the death of Prince Volodar of Peremyshl, humiliated by his stay in Polish captivity, the throne was assumed by his son Vladimirko, Prince of Zvenyhorod (later Prince of Przemyśl). The young prince, wishing to make up for the losses his family had suffered by paying a ransom for Prince Volodar's release, organised a successful looting expedition against the Polish town of Biecz. However, later that same year, a retaliatory expedition against Vladimir was organised by the Polish Duke Bolesław III Wrymouth. According to the chronicle of Jan Długosz, Bolesław invaded the Principality of Peremyshl and inflicted a military defeat on the young prince in the Battle of Wilichów.: 360

Principality of Peremyshl
The Principality of Peremyshl was a medieval principality centered on Peremyshl (Old East Slavic: Перемышль; now Przemyśl, Poland), and encompassing the Przemyśl Land, in the historical region of Red Rus'  (Cherven land, or Red Ruthenia). It was one of several minor principalities within Halychyna (medieval Galicia), situated in the most western part of the region, and thus bordering the medieval Polish state. From the 11th and up to the 13th century, Peremyshl was ruled mostly by local princes from collateral branches of the Riurikid dynasty (ruling house of the Kievan Rus'), but on several occasions it also came under influence of neighboring Polish or Hungarian rulers. By the 14th century, the region came under firm Polish control.
Encyclopaedia Cambrensis
The Encyclopaedia Cambrensis or Y Gwyddoniadur Cymreig  was the most ambitious encyclopedia in the Welsh language. It was published in ten volumes between 1854 and 1879 by Thomas Gee on his press in the town of Denbigh, Gwasg Gee. The general editor was John Parry, Gee's brother in-law and lecturer at the College of Bala. It remains the largest paper publication in Welsh today.

The project cost for Gee was about £20,000 (equivalent to £2,600,000 in 2023).

Gwasg Gee
Gwasg Gee was a publishing firm founded by a printer, Thomas Gee, in 1808 and taken over by his son, a more famous Thomas Gee, during the 1830s and based in Denbigh, Wales.  The name means "Gee Press".

In 1914, the business passed out of the hands of the Gee family, and it was in difficulties when the author Kate Roberts and her husband, Morris Williams took it on in the 1930s. In the 1950s Emlyn Hooson was asked by Gwilym R. Jones, the editor of Y Faner, to help save the press. Hooson then formed a group, including Talog Davies, William Jones, Sir George Hamer, Huw T. Edwards and David Tudor (who later took over full control) who developed Gwasg Gee as a company.

Gwasg Gee was one of the principal publishers of Welsh language books for almost two centuries. It ceased publishing in 2001.
1928–29 Rugby Union County Championship
The 1928–29 Rugby Union County Championship was the 36th edition of England's premier rugby union club competition at the time.

Middlesex won the competition for the first time after defeating Lancashire in the final replay following a drawn match in the first match.

Middlesex Rugby Football Union
Middlesex Rugby is the governing body for rugby union in the former county of Middlesex, England. Middlesex is a historic county of England that covered areas that are now part of London, Surrey and Hertfordshire. The historic county is still in use when referring to sport.  Middlesex RFU was originally created as the Middlesex County Rugby Club but within six years was being referred to as the Middlesex County Rugby Football Union and is now known simply as Middlesex Rugby.
Executive information system
An executive information system (EIS), also known as an executive support system (ESS), is a type of management support system that facilitates and supports senior executive information and decision-making needs. It provides easy access to internal and external information relevant to organizational goals. It is commonly considered a specialized form of decision support system (DSS).

EIS emphasizes graphical displays and easy-to-use user interfaces. They offer strong reporting and drill-down capabilities. In general, EIS are enterprise-wide DSS which help top-level executives analyze, compare, and highlight trends in important variables so that they can monitor performance and identify opportunities and problems. EIS and data warehousing technologies are converging in the marketplace.

The term EIS lost popularity in favor of business intelligence (with the sub areas of reporting, analytics, and digital dashboards).

Information access
Information access is the freedom or ability to identify, obtain and make use of database  or information effectively.

There are various research efforts in information access for which the objective is to simplify and make it more effective for human users to access and further process large and unwieldy amounts of data and information.
Verbesina
Verbesina, many species of which have crownbeard as part of their common names, is a genus of flowering plants, in the family Asteraceae. It is a large genus of about 350 species.

All of the species bear white or yellow flowers similar to small sunflowers. The name Verbesina very likely refers to the similarity of the foliage to that of the (unrelated) Verbena.

Verbesina species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species. These include Schinia bina, which has been recorded from V. encelioides, and Schinia siren which feeds exclusively on that species.

Pollen grains from eight of the nine species of Verbesina found in Brazil have been characterized as oblate-spheroidal, medium-sized, isopolar monads. They are 3-colplorate with a subtriangular amb, a small polar area, a long colpus, a lalongate endoaperture, a caveate exine and an echinate sexine.

Schinia bina
Schinia bina, the bina flower moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Achille Guenée in 1852. It is found from Mexico City to central Florida, and as far north as Saskatchewan and Manitoba in Canada.

Schinia meskeana is probably a valid species, but remains a synonym until a revision has been published.

The wingspan is about 11 mm. There is one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Verbesina encilioides, Gaillardia pulchella, and hawkweed species.
Madinnagoda Grama Niladhari Division
Madinnagoda Grama Niladhari Division is a  Grama Niladhari Division of the  Kolonnawa Divisional Secretariat  of Colombo District  of Western Province, Sri Lanka .  It has Grama Niladhari Division Code 513B.

Madinnagoda is a surrounded by the  Kotuwegoda, Elhena, Kalapaluwawa, Gothatuwa and Welikada East  Grama Niladhari Divisions.

Western Province, Sri Lanka
The Western Province (Sinhala: බස්නාහිර පළාත Basnāhira Paḷāta; Tamil: மேல் மாகாணம் Mael Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka, the first level administrative division of the country. The provinces have existed since the 19th century but did not have any legal status until 1987 when the 13th Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka established provincial councils. Western Province is the most densely populated province in the country and is home to the legislative capital Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte as well as to Colombo, the nation's administrative and business center.
Melissa Mollen Dupuis
Melissa Mollen Dupuis is an Innu film director, radio host, and Indigenous rights activist from Ekuanitshit, Quebec, Canada. Mollen Dupuis is a prominent figure in the Indigenous rights movement in Quebec, particularly as a co-founder of the province's branch of Idle No More. She has hosted the radio show Kuei! Kwe! on Ici Radio-Canada Première since 2021.

Indigenous rights
Indigenous rights are those rights that exist in recognition of the specific condition of indigenous peoples. This includes not only the most basic human rights of physical survival and integrity, but also the rights over their land (including native title), language, religion, and other elements of cultural heritage that are a part of their existence and identity as a people. This can be used as an expression for advocacy of social organizations, or form a part of the national law in establishing the relation between a government and the right of self-determination among its indigenous people, or in international law as a protection against violation of indigenous rights by actions of governments or groups of private interests.
Guy Clarkson
George Elliott "Guy" Clarkson (1 January 1891 – 9 October 1974) was a British ice hockey player who competed in the 1924 Winter Olympics. He was born in York County, Ontario and died in London. In 1924 he was a member of the British ice hockey team, which won the bronze medal.

Great Britain men's national ice hockey team
The Great Britain men's national ice hockey team (also known as Team GB) is the national ice hockey team that represents the United Kingdom. A founding member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) in 1908, the team is controlled by Ice Hockey UK.
Ribosomal protein
A ribosomal protein (r-protein or rProtein) is any of the proteins that, in conjunction with rRNA, make up the ribosomal subunits involved in the cellular process of translation. Bacteria and archaea have a small ribosomal subunit (30S) and a large ribosomal subunit (50S).
Eukaryotes have a 
small ribosomal subunit (40S), and a large ribosomal subunit (60S).
 Equivalent subunits are frequently numbered differently between bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes.

A large part of the knowledge about these organic molecules has come from the study of E. coli ribosomes. All ribosomal proteins have been isolated and many specific antibodies have been produced. These, together with electronic microscopy and the use of certain reactives, have allowed for the determination of the topography of the proteins in the ribosome.  More recently, a near-complete (near)atomic picture of the ribosomal proteins is emerging from the latest high-resolution cryo-EM data (including PDB: 5AFI​).

Eukaryotic large ribosomal subunit (60S)
The eukaryotic large ribosomal subunit (60S) is denoted according to its sedimentation coefficients in Svedberg units. The 60S subunit is the large subunit of the eukaryotic ribosome (S80), with the other major component being the eukaryotic small ribosomal subunit (40S). It is structurally and functionally related to the 50S subunit of 70S prokaryotic ribosomes. However, the 60S subunit is much larger than the prokaryotic 50S subunit and contains many additional protein segments, as well as ribosomal RNA expansion segments.
Drew Casen
Drew Ara Casen (born July 6, 1950) is a top 50 ranked professional bridge player.

He is a native of Forest Hills and was raised in the Lenox Hills neighborhood of Farmingdale which abuts Bethpage State Park golf course, site of the 2002 and 2009 U.S. Open and the 2019 PGA Championship. Casen took full advantage of this and became a winning Long Island golf star in high school until a sports-related injury sidelined him. His paternal grandmother had taught him card games in his early childhood, so he decided to develop his skills in this area so as to remain in competitive pursuits.

He is an accountant by formal training, his former careers being the budget director at NYU Medical School and options trading at the NY Stock Exchange. He is an all-around expert games player and has excelled in such games as bridge, poker, backgammon, golf, and bowling.

Casen is an American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) Grand Life Master and a World Bridge Federation (WBF) World International Master.

U.S. Open (golf)
The United States Open Championship, commonly known as the U.S. Open, is the annual open national championship of golf in the United States. It is the third of the four men's major golf championships, and is on the official schedule of both the PGA Tour and the European Tour. Since 1898 the competition has been 72 holes of stroke play (4 rounds on an 18-hole course), with the winner being the player with the lowest total number of strokes. It is staged by the United States Golf Association (USGA) in mid-June, scheduled so that, if there are no weather delays, the final round is played on the third Sunday. The U.S. Open is staged at a variety of courses, set up in such a way that scoring is very difficult, with a premium placed on accurate driving. As of 2024, the U.S. Open awards a $21.5 million purse, the largest of all four major championships.
Endoproteinase Lys-C
Endoproteinase Lys-C is a protease that cleaves proteins on the C-terminal side of lysine residues. This enzyme is naturally found in the bacterium Lysobacter enzymogenes and is commonly used in protein sequencing. Lys-C activity is optimal in the pH range 7.0 - 9.0.

Protein sequencing
Protein sequencing is the practical process of determining the amino acid sequence of all or part of a protein or peptide. This may serve to identify the protein or characterize its post-translational modifications. Typically, partial sequencing of a protein provides sufficient information (one or more sequence tags) to identify it with reference to databases of protein sequences derived from the conceptual translation of genes.

The two major direct methods of protein sequencing are mass spectrometry and Edman degradation using a protein sequenator (sequencer). Mass spectrometry methods are now the most widely used for protein sequencing and identification but Edman degradation remains a valuable tool for characterizing a protein's N-terminus.
Atlanta campaign order of battle
The order of battle for the Atlanta campaign includes:

for the period of May 7 – July 17, 1864:
Atlanta campaign order of battle: First phase, Confederate
Atlanta campaign order of battle: First phase, Union

for the period July 17 – September 8, 1864:
Atlanta campaign order of battle: Second phase, Confederate
Atlanta campaign order of battle: Second phase, Union

Atlanta campaign order of battle: Second phase, Union
The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Atlanta campaign of the American Civil War. The Confederate order of battle is listed separately. Order of battle compiled from the army organization during the campaign.

This order of battle covers the second phase of the campaign, July 17 – September 8, 1864. The period May 1 – July 17, 1864, is listed separately.
Selardi
Selardi (Sielardi or possibly Melardi) is a lunar deity of Urartu. Until recently, it was generally believed that this deity was female, although some contemporary scholars disagree with this.

Selardi was believed to be the counterpart to the Babylonian moon god, Sin. Nicholas Adontz theorizes that the name "Sielardi" is derived from "Siela," meaning "woman" or "sister," and "Ardi" which means "sun god" in Armenian. He states that in the ancient east, the Moon had been considered the sister of the Sun, rather than his consort.

Other scholars argue that this deity was male and believe his name should be read as Melardi. It has been compared to the name of the prince of Urartu, Melartua, son of Rusa I. It is probably connected to the word "meghard" (մեղարդ, meaning "moon"), mentioned in the medieval Armenian dictionary of Yeremia Meghretsi.

Nicholas Adontz
Nicholas Adontz (Armenian: Նիկողայոս Ադոնց, romanized: Nikoghayos Adonts; Russian: Николай Адонц; January 10, 1871 – January 27, 1942) was an Armenian historian, specialising in Byzantine and Armenian studies, and a philologist. Adontz was the author of Armenia in the Period of Justinian, a highly influential work and landmark study on the social and political structures of early Medieval Armenia.
History of rail transport in Latvia
The history of rail transport in Latvia began with the construction in 1860 of a railway from Pytalovo to Dinaburg (now Daugavpils), 160 km in length, as part of the Saint Petersburg–Warsaw Railway.

More intensive development of railways in Latvia commenced the following year, 1861, when the 232 km long Riga - Dinaburg railway was opened.  It connected with the Saint Petersburg–Warsaw Railway, and thus joined the Latvian railways with the Russian rail network.  For the rest of the second half of the nineteenth century, the intensive construction of railways continued.  Lines constructed during that period included Dinaburg–Radviliškis, Mitau (now Jelgava)–Muravyovo (Mažeikiai), and others.

From the 1890s, narrow gauge lines (750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)) were built to complement the broad gauge lines (1,524 mm (5 ft)).  Most of the narrow-gauge railways were later converted to broad gauge, but then dismantled in the second half of the twentieth century.

Mažeikiai
Mažeikiai (pronunciationⓘ; Samogitian: Mažeikē; Latvian: Mažeiķi; Polish: Możejki) is a city in northwestern Lithuania, on the Venta River. It has a population of around 32,000, making it the eighth largest city in Lithuania and eighteenth largest city in the Baltic States. The city is the administrative center of Mažeikiai District Municipality in Telšiai County. It is the largest city that does not have its own county.
Glucuronidation
Glucuronidation is often involved in drug metabolism of substances such as drugs, pollutants, bilirubin, androgens, estrogens, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, fatty acid derivatives, retinoids, and bile acids. These linkages involve glycosidic bonds.

Mineralocorticoid
Mineralocorticoids are a class of corticosteroids, which in turn are a class of steroid hormones. Mineralocorticoids are produced in the adrenal cortex and influence salt and water balances (electrolyte balance and fluid balance). The primary mineralocorticoid is aldosterone.
Minden-Lübbecke I
Minden-Lübbecke I is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 133. It is located in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, comprising most of the Minden-Lübbecke district.

Minden-Lübbecke I was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. From 2017 to 2025, it has been represented by Achim Post of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). Since 2025 it is been represented by Oliver Vogt of the CDU.

1949 West German federal election
A federal election was held in West Germany on 14 August 1949 to elect the members of the first Bundestag, with a further eight seats elected in West Berlin between 1949 and January 1952 and another eleven between February 1952 and 1953. They were the first free federal elections in West Germany since 1933 and the first after the division of the country.

The CDU/CSU formed a centre-right coalition government with the FDP and the DP.
Miami Heat accomplishments and records
This page details the all-time statistics, records, and other achievements pertaining to the Miami Heat. The Miami Heat is an American professional basketball team currently playing in the National Basketball Association.

Glen Rice
Glen Anthony Rice (born May 28, 1967) is an American former professional basketball player who played in the National Basketball Association (NBA). As a small forward, Rice was a three-time NBA All-Star and made 1,559 three-point field goals during his 15-year career. Rice played college basketball for the Michigan Wolverines, and was selected by the Miami Heat with the fourth overall pick in the 1989 NBA draft. He won an NCAA championship in 1989 and an NBA championship in 2000. In recent years, Rice has taken up mixed martial arts fight promotion as owner of G-Force Fights based in Miami, Florida, and is an NBA scout and team ambassador for the Miami Heat. He is the father of Glen Rice Jr.
Diduga dorsolobata
Diduga dorsolobata is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Jeremy Daniel Holloway in 2001. It is found on the island of Borneo. The type specimen was found in lowland forest in Poring in the Malaysian state of Sabah at an altitude of around 600 m (2,000 ft).

The length of the forewings is about 9 mm (0.4 in).

Poring
Poring is a small tourist resort in Sabah, Malaysia. Located 40 km south-east of the Kinabalu National Park Headquarters, in the district of Ranau, Poring is situated in lowland rainforest, contrasting with the montane and submontane rainforest of Kinabalu National Park. The name Poring comes from a Kadazandusun word for a bamboo species found in the area.

Poring is known for its hot springs and the popular recreation and tourist complex is known as Poring Hot Springs. The springs are known for their therapeutic properties and the waters with their sulphuric minerals are reputed to ease aching muscles. The baths are favoured by returned climbers of Mount Kinabalu.
La Ventana
La Ventana is a small fishing village on the shore of La Ventana Bay south of La Paz on the eastern side of the Baja California peninsula in the Mexican state of Baja California Sur. The village was founded in the early 1940s by the La Paz pearl diver Salome Leon. When pearl diving became unprofitable, Salome brought his family over the mountains from La Paz to La Ventana Bay to found the village. Many of his descendants continue to live, fish, and work in the village.

Administrative divisions of Mexico
Mexico is a federal republic composed of 32 federative entities (Spanish: entidades federativas): 31 states and Mexico City. According to the Constitution of Mexico, the states of the federation are free and sovereign in all matters concerning their internal affairs. Since 2016, Mexico City has been a fully autonomous entity on par with the states. Each state federative entity has its own congress and constitution.
Austin Stowell
Austin Miles Stowell (born December 24, 1984) is an American actor. He is known for his roles in Dolphin Tale (2011), its sequel Dolphin Tale 2 (2014), Love and Honor (2013), Whiplash (2014), as Francis Gary Powers in Steven Spielberg's Bridge of Spies (2015), as Nately in Catch-22 (2019), The Hating Game (2021), and as young Special Agent Leroy Jethro Gibbs in the prequel series NCIS: Origins (2024–present).

Prequel
A prequel is a literary, dramatic or cinematic work whose story precedes that of a previous work, by focusing on events that occur before the original narrative. A prequel is a work that forms part of a backstory to the preceding work.

The term "prequel" is a 20th-century neologism from the prefix "pre-" (from Latin prae, "before") and "sequel".

Like sequels, prequels may or may not concern the same plot as the work from which they are derived. More often they explain the background that led to the events in the original, but sometimes the connections are not completely explicit. Sometimes prequels play on the audience's knowledge of what will happen next, using deliberate references to create dramatic irony.
Awet Habte
Awet Habte Ghebrezghiabher (born 29 September 1997) is an Eritrean long-distance runner.

He finished seventh in the 5000 metres at the 2016 World U20 Championships and fourteenth in the 5000 metres at the 2017 World Championships.

His personal best time is 13:16.09 minutes, achieved in June 2017 in Carquefou; and 28:18 minutes in the 10 kilometres road race, achieved in October 2016 in Berlin.

In 2019, he competed in the senior men's race at the 2019 IAAF World Cross Country Championships held in Aarhus, Denmark. He finished in 28th place.

2017 World Championships in Athletics – Men's 5000 metres
The men's 5000 metres at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics was held at the London Olympic Stadium on 9−12 August.  This race was announced as the last track race of Mo Farah's career as he intends to focus on marathon running and road racing.  Farah had been in every final since 2007, winning three straight since 2011.