hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wiązownica massacre
The Wiązownica massacre occurred on 17 April 1945 in the village Wiązownica, located in Jarosław County Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in southeastern Poland, then located in Lwów Voivodeship. It was one of the Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia, and was perpetrated by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA). The massacre occurred during a battle fought between the UPA and, initially, local Polish partisans, and, later, the Polish People's Army (LWP), towards the outskirts of Wiązownica. It saw the deaths of 91 civilians, including 20 women and children, alongside four LWP soldiers. The UPA also burned down 150 houses. In retaliation for the attack, the LWP led an attack on the village Piskorowice, given its large concentration of Ukrainians sympathetic for OUN.

There is a commemorative plaque to honor the victims of the massacre on the side of the church in Wiązownica. Several hundred attended when it was unveiled on 6 October 2013.

Lwów Voivodeship
Lwów Voivodeship (Polish: Województwo lwowskie) was an administrative unit of interwar Poland (1918–1939). Because of the Nazi invasion of Poland in accordance with the secret Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, it became occupied by both the Wehrmacht and the Red Army in September 1939. Following the conquest of Poland however, the Polish underground administration existed there until August 1944. Only around half of the Voivodeship was returned to Poland after the war ended. It was split diagonally just east of Przemyśl; with its eastern half, including Lwów itself, ceded to the Ukrainian SSR at the insistence of Joseph Stalin during the Tehran Conference confirmed (as not negotiable) at the Yalta Conference of 1945.
East Matunuck State Beach
East Matunuck State Beach is a public recreation area encompassing 144 acres (58 ha) on the shore of Block Island Sound in the town of South Kingstown, Rhode Island. The state beach offers picnicking, ocean swimming, and beach activities. It is open seasonally.

At the east end of the beach lies the small village of Jerusalem. Jutting out from the beach is the stone breakwater that protects Point Judith Pond and harbor. It was built in 1914.

South Kingstown, Rhode Island
South Kingstown is a town in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 31,931 at the 2020 census. South Kingstown is the second largest town in Rhode Island by total geographic area, behind New Shoreham, and the third largest town in Rhode Island by geographic land area, behind Exeter and Coventry.
Greek frigate Spetsai
The Greek frigate Spetsai (F-453) (Greek: Φ/Γ ΣΠΕΤΣΑΙ) is the second ship of the Greek Hydra frigate class. She is based on the Blohm + Voss MEKO 200 frigate class and was built by Hellenic Shipyards Co. at Skaramagas. She is the fifth ship of the Hellenic Navy to be named after the Saronic Gulf island of Spetses. She has participated in international operations such as Enduring Freedom.

Skaramagas
Skaramagas (also spelled Skaramangas; Greek: Σκαραμαγκάς) is a port town in the western part of the Athens agglomeration, Greece. It is part of the municipality of Haidari and is divided into three main neighborhoods, Ano Afaia, Kato Afaia and the coastal zone. It is known for its large shipyard. It took its name by the Chiot merchant Amvrosios Skaramagas.
Davis v. United States (1990)
Davis v. United States, 495 U.S. 472 (1990), was a case decided by the United States Supreme Court. It concerned claims made by parents of two missionaries of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints that their monetary contributions toward their sons' mission expenses constituted a "charitable contribution" under provisions of Treas. Reg. § 1.170A-1(g) (1989), a position that lower courts had rejected. In a unanimous decision, the Court ruled that these contributions could not be seen as "charitable contributions" under provisions of that statute.

Treasury regulations
Treasury Regulations are the tax regulations issued by the United States Internal Revenue Service (IRS), a bureau of the United States Department of the Treasury. These regulations are the Treasury Department's official interpretations of the Internal Revenue Code and are one source of U.S. federal income tax law.
USS Noble (1861)
USS Noble (1861) was a wooden bark purchased during the American Civil War by the Union Navy 2 December 1861 at Sag Harbor, New York.

Noble was selected to be used as part of the obstructions placed in the "Stone Fleet" – a fleet of hulks sunk in selected waterways of the Confederate States of America to prevent passage of ships.

She was sunk in a channel leading to Savannah, Georgia, early in 1862.

Sag Harbor, New York
Sag Harbor is an incorporated village in Suffolk County, New York, United States, in the towns of Southampton and East Hampton on eastern Long Island. The village developed as a working port on Gardiners Bay. The population was 2,772 at the 2020 census.

The entire business district is listed as the historic Sag Harbor Village District on the National Register of Historic Places. A major whaling and shipping port in the 19th century, by the end of this period and in the 20th century, it became a destination for wealthy people who summered there.

Sag Harbor is about three-fifths in Southampton and two-fifths in East Hampton; the town boundary being Division Street. Its landmarks include structures associated with whaling and its early days when it was designated as the first port of entry to the new United States. It had the first United States custom house erected on Long Island.
2015–16 Bucknell Bison women's basketball team
The 2015–16 Bucknell Bison women's basketball team represented Bucknell University during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Bison, led by fifth year head coach Aaron Roussell, played their home games at Sojka Pavilion and were members of the Patriot League. They finished the season 25–8, 17–1 in Patriot League play to share the Patriot League regular season title with Army. They advanced to the semifinals of the Patriot League women's tournament where they lost to Loyola (MD). As champs of the Patriot League who failed to win their conference tournament, they received an automatic bid to the Women's National Invitation Tournament they defeated Akron in the first round before losing to Michigan in the second round.

2016 Patriot League women's basketball tournament
The 2016 Patriot League women's basketball tournament was held March 5, 7, 11 and 12 at campus sites of the higher seed. Army defeated Loyola (MD) to win their third Patriot League title and earn an automatic trip to the NCAA women's tournament.
Boji
Bodji was one of the 180 Aanaas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It is divided between Bodji Choqorsa and Bodji Dirmaji. Part of the West Welega Zonee, Bodji was bordered on the southwest by Ayra Guliso, on the west by Jarso, on the northwest by Nejo, on the northeast by the Benishangul-Gumuz Region, and on the southeast by Lalo Asabi. Towns in Bodji included Bila and Muklami.

Coffee is an important cash crop in Bodji. Over 50 square kilometers are planted with this crop.

Nejo
Nedjo (also transliterated Nejjoo) is a town in western Ethiopia. Located in the West Welega Zone of the Oromia Region, this town has a latitude and longitude of 9°30′N 35°30′E﻿ / ﻿9.500°N 35.500°E﻿ / 9.500; 35.500 with an elevation of 1821 meters above sea level. It is the administrative center of Nejo woreda. Nejo is served by Nejjo Airport and is 150 km east of Asosa Airport.

In his travel book, In Search of King Solomon's Mines, Tahir Shah described Nejo in the late 20th century as a town with "a muddy main street", lined with "buildings with corrugated iron roofs and cement walls". He stops in a bar where "kerosene and sawdust had been sprinkled on the floor to keep away the flies."
C. Canby Balderston
C. Canby Balderston (February 1, 1897 – September 9, 1979) was an American economist, lawyer and businessman who served as the 7th vice chairman of the Federal Reserve from 1955 to 1966. Prior to his term as vice chairman, Balderston served as a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors, taking office in 1954.

He died on September 9, 1979, in Media, Pennsylvania at age 82.

Media, Pennsylvania
Media is a borough in and the county seat of Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located about 13 miles (21 km) west of Philadelphia. It is part of the Delaware Valley, also known as the Philadelphia metropolitan area.

Media was incorporated in 1850 at the same time that it was named the county seat. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,991.
Kenny Van Hoevelen
Kenny Van Hoevelen (born 24 June 1983 in Mechelen, is a Belgian football (soccer) centre-back who currently plays for Sint-Amands in the Belgian Provincial Leagues. His previous clubs include Westerlo, KV Mechelen, RKC Waalwijk, Oud-Heverlee Leuven and Eendracht Aalst.

RKC Waalwijk
RKC Waalwijk (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɛrkaːˈseː ˈʋaːlʋɛik]) is a Dutch professional football club based in Waalwijk. They currently play in the Eerste Divisie, the second tier of Dutch football, following relegation from the Eredivisie in the 2024–25 season. Its name is derived from 'Rooms Katholieke Combinatie Waalwijk' ('Roman Catholic Combination Waalwijk' in Dutch) and was established as a merger of HEC, WVB and Hercules.
The Assisi Underground (film)
The Assisi Underground is a 1985 American-Italian historical drama film, written and directed by Alexander Ramati. It is an adaptation of his 1978 novel, The Assisi Underground: The Priest who Rescued Jews, which is based on a true-life account by Father Rufino Niccacci of events surrounding the Assisi Network, an effort to hide 300 Jews in the town of Assisi, Italy during World War II. The film stars Ben Cross, Irene Papas, Maximilian Schell, Karlheinz Hackl, and James Mason in his final performance before his death in July 1984. His final role in a feature film was The Shooting Party.

Assisi
Assisi (/əˈsiːsi/, also US: /-iːzi, əˈsɪsi, -ɪzi/; Italian: [asˈsiːzi]; from Latin: Asisium; Central Italian: Ascesi) is a town and comune of Italy in the Province of Perugia in the Umbria region, on the western flank of Monte Subasio.

It is generally regarded as the birthplace of the Latin poet Propertius, born around 50–45 BC. It is the birthplace of St. Francis, who founded the Order of Friars Minor in that town in 1208, and of St. Clare of Assisi (Chiara d'Offreducci), who, with St. Francis, founded the Order of Poor Ladies, which later became the Order of Poor Clares after her death. In 1838, St. Gabriel of Our Lady of Sorrows was also born in Assisi.
Harold Daly
Harold Edward Daly (18 October 1915 – 27 April 1995) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Hawthorn, North Melbourne and St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL).  In a brief league career, which saw him play for three clubs, Daly never once played in a winning team. He originally arrived at Hawthorn from Eaglehawk. A brother, Alan Daly, later played with Melbourne.

Eaglehawk Football Club
The Eaglehawk Football Netball Club is an Australian rules football and netball club based in the town of Eaglehawk, Victoria and Eaglehawk teams currently compete in the Bendigo Football Netball League (BFNL).
Seetharatnam Gari Abbayi
Seetharatnam Gari Abbayi (transl. Madam Seetharatnam’s 
Son) is a 1992 Indian Telugu-language drama film written and directed by E. V. V. Satyanarayana starring Vanisri, Vinod Kumar Alva and Roja. The film was remade in Kannada as Gruhalakshmi (1992).

Vanisri
Vanisri (born Rathna Kumari) is an Indian actress known for her works predominantly in Telugu, Tamil, and Kannada films. In a film career spanning 40 years, she has received three Filmfare Awards South, the Nandi Awards and the Tamil Nadu State Film Award.
Manly-Warringah Radio Society
The Manly-Warringah Radio Society (MWRS) is an Amateur Radio enthusiast group serving the Northern Beaches and North Shore areas of Sydney, Australia. Operating under the call sign VK2MB the society boasts members from a wide range of backgrounds, with members ranging from retirees to school children.

North Shore (Sydney)
The North Shore is a region within Northern Sydney, in New South Wales, Australia, generally referring to suburbs located on the northern side of Sydney Harbour up to Hornsby, and suburbs between Middle Harbour and the Lane Cove River. The term "North Shore", used to describe this region of Sydney is customary, not legal or administrative, and is often subjective.

Due to the area's greenery and manicured lawns, it has earned the nickname the 'Leafy North Shore'.
Ulm–Augsburg railway
The Ulm–Augsburg  line is a German railway line. It was constructed as part of the Bavarian Maximilian's Railway. It was built for the Royal Bavarian State Railways as part of the east-west connection between Neu-Ulm in the west via Augsburg, Munich and Rosenheim to the Austrian border at Kufstein and Salzburg in the east.

Kufstein
Kufstein (German pronunciation: [ˈkʊfʃtaɪn] ⓘ; Central Bavarian: Kufstoa) is a town in the Austrian state of Tyrol, the administrative seat of Kufstein District. With a population of about 20,000, it is the second largest Tyrolean town after the state capital Innsbruck. The greatest landmark is Kufstein Fortress, first mentioned in the 13th century. The town was the place of origin of the Austrian noble family Kuefstein.
Argo Point
Argo Point (66°15′S 60°55′W﻿ / ﻿66.250°S 60.917°W﻿ / -66.250; -60.917) is a prominent rock headland rising steeply to 260 metres (850 ft) on the east side of the Jason Peninsula, 22 nautical miles (41 km) northeast of Veier Head on the east coast of Graham Land. Probably first seen by Carl Anton Larsen in 1893, it was surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1953 and named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1956. The name derives from association with the Jason Peninsula; Jason sailed in the Argo to search for the golden fleece.

Headland
A headland, also known as a head, is a coastal landform, a point of land usually high and often with a sheer drop, that extends into a body of water. It is a type of promontory. A headland of considerable size often is called a cape. Headlands are characterised by high, breaking waves, rocky shores, intense erosion, and steep sea cliff.

Headlands and bays are often found on the same coastline. A bay is flanked by land on three sides, whereas a headland is flanked by water on three sides. Headlands and bays form on discordant coastlines, where bands of rock of alternating resistance run perpendicular to the coast. Bays form when weak (less resistant) rocks (such as sands and clays) are eroded, leaving bands of stronger (more resistant) rocks (such as chalk, limestone, and granite) forming a headland, or peninsula. Through the deposition of sediment within the bay and the erosion of the headlands, coastlines eventually straighten out, then start the same process all over again.
Simwonsa (Pakchon)
Simwonsa (Korean: 심원사; Hanja: 深源寺) is an historic Korean Buddhist temple located in Sangyang-ri, Pakchon County, North Pyongan Province, North Korea. It is listed as the 54th National Treasure of North Korea.

The temple was built in the ninth century and rebuilt in 1368. It features examples of painting and wood processing techniques used by craftsmen of the era.

A carving on the temple says it was built by Hyon Uk (786-868). The temple site has three buildings, Pogwang Shrine (the main building), the Chongphung and the Hyangro Pavilions. The Pogwang site is described as a "colorfully painted building ... decorated with dragon, phoenix and other sculptures". On the wall of the Chongphung Pavilion is a wooden fish 2.5 meters long, weighing 100 kilograms.

North Pyongan Province
North Pyongan Province (also spelled North P'yŏngan; Korean: 평안북도; MR: Phyŏnganbukto; IPA: [pʰjʌŋanbuk̚t͈o]) is a western province of North Korea. The province was formed in 1896 from the northern half of the former P'yŏng'an Province, remained a province of Korea until 1945, then became a province of North Korea. Its capital is Sinŭiju. In 2002, Sinŭiju Special Administrative Region—near the city of Sinuiju—was established as a separately governed Special Administrative Region.
Château Beau-Séjour Bécot
44°53′41″N 0°09′52″W﻿ / ﻿44.89478°N 0.16439°W﻿ / 44.89478; -0.16439

Château Beau-Séjour Bécot, formerly Château Beauséjour-Dr-Fagouet, is a Bordeaux wine from the appellation Saint-Émilion, ranked Premier grand cru classé B in the Classification of Saint-Émilion wine. The winery is located in the Right Bank of France's Bordeaux wine region in the commune of Saint-Émilion, in the department Gironde.

The estate also produces the second wine Tournelle de Beau-Séjour Bécot, as well as the "Vin de garage", La Gomerie.

Winery
A winery is a building or property that produces wine, or a business involved in the cultivation and production of wine, such as a wine company. Some wine companies own many wineries. Besides wine making equipment, larger wineries may also feature warehouses, bottling lines, laboratories, and large expanses of tanks known as tank farms. Wineries may have existed as long as 8,000 years ago.
Great Lake Swimmers (album)
Great Lake Swimmers is the debut studio album by the Canadian folk rock band Great Lake Swimmers.

The album was recorded over several months in an abandoned grain silo in Dekker's hometown of Wainfleet, Ontario.

Led by songwriter-vocalist Tony Dekker, their haunting sound finds its roots in vintage folk and alt-country colourings, shaped by accordion and piano, lap steel and acoustic guitar, with a voice that seems to come from the walls.

The record was issued by weewerk in March 2003, in Europe by Fargo Records in March 2004, and Misra in the United States in April 2005.

Silo
A silo (from Ancient Greek  σιρός (sirós) 'pit for holding grain') is a structure for storing bulk materials.

Silos are commonly used for bulk storage of grain, coal, cement, carbon black, woodchips, food products and sawdust. Three types of silos are in widespread use today: tower silos, bunker silos, and bag silos.

Silos are used in agriculture to store fermented feed known as silage.
The Rose of Kildare
The Rose of Kildare is a 1927 American silent romance film directed by Dallas M. Fitzgerald and starring Helene Chadwick, Pat O'Malley and Henry B. Walthall. An Irish singer arrives at the gold mining town of Kimberley in South Africa, where she encounters a former lover who left Kildare to seek his fortune. The film is believed to be lost, with no prints of the film existing in archives.

Gold mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold by mining.

Historically, gold mining from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. The expansion of gold mining to ores that are below the surface has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, large corporations produce the vast majority of the gold mined. However, as a result of the increasing value of gold, there are also millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South.

As with all mining, human rights and environmental issues are important issues in the gold mining industry, and can result in environmental conflict. In mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher.
Stepanovs
Stepanovs (masculine), Stepanova (feminine) is a Latvian-language form of the Russian surname Stepanov. Notable people of the surname include:

Igors Stepanovs

Igors Stepanovs (footballer, born 1966)

Vasilijs Stepanovs

Igors Stepanovs (footballer, born 1966)
Igors Vladimirovich Stepanovs (born 1 February 1966 in Latvian SSR) is a former Latvian football midfielder. Having played at club and international level with Igors Stepanovs, he was often referred as Igors V. Stepanovs.
Joe W. Sanders
Joe William Sanders (May 31, 1915 – June 8, 1994) was a justice of the Louisiana Supreme Court from November 7, 1960, to December 31, 1980, serving as chief justice from March 14, 1973, to December 31, 1980.

Born in Pleasant Hill, Sabine Parish, Louisiana, Sanders was raised on a family farm in Sabine Parish. He received a BA from Louisiana State University in 1935, and an LL.B. from the same institution in 1938.

He succeeded James D. Simon.

Pleasant Hill, Sabine Parish, Louisiana
Pleasant Hill is a village in Sabine Parish in western Louisiana, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population of the village was 1,232. It is best known for the Battle of Pleasant Hill, a significant battle during the American Civil War on April 9, 1864.
Freemasonry in Costa Rica
Freemasonry begins in Costa Rica at the same time as in Central America during the course of the 19th century. Regular masonry begins when it was founded by Costa Rican Catholic priest Francisco Calvo, ex-Chaplain General of the Army of Costa Rica during the Filibuster War of 1856, who introduced regular masonry in Central America in 1865. However, there is evidence of the existence of "non-regular" Lodges active after the Independence and before. Prominent Costa Rican figures of politics, literature, art and science, including several presidents of the Republic, were Freemasons.

President of Costa Rica
The president of the Republic of Costa Rica is the head of state and head of government of Costa Rica. The president is currently elected in direct elections for a period of four years, which is not immediately renewable. Two vice presidents are elected in the same ticket with the president. The president appoints the Council of Ministers. Due to the abolition of the military of Costa Rica in 1948, the president is not a commander-in-chief, unlike the norm in most other countries, although the Constitution does describe him as commander-in-chief of the civil defense public forces.

From 1969 to 2005, the president was barred from seeking reelection. After the amendment banning reelection was overturned by the Supreme Court in 2005, an incumbent president became eligible to run again after waiting for at least eight years after leaving office.
Daníel Guðni Guðmundsson
Daníel Guðni Guðmundsson (born 17 November 1986) is an Icelandic basketball coach and a former player. During his playing career, he won the Icelandic Basketball Cup in 2014, and the Icelandic Super Cup three times, in 2004, 2006 and 2013.

KR (men's basketball)
The KR men's basketball team, commonly known as KR or KR Basket, is a professional basketball club based in Reykjavík, Iceland. It is the men's basketball department of Knattspyrnufélag Reykjavíkur (English: Reykjavík Football Club) multi-sport club. It has won the Icelandic championship eighteen times, the most national championships in the men's top-tier league history. It won a record 6 national championships in a row from 2014 to 2019.
1989 Nigerien constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Niger on 24 September 1989. The new constitution would make the country a one-party state with the National Movement for the Society of Development as the sole legal party. The government would have a presidential system, as well as the continued involvement of the Armed Forces, which had ruled the country since the military coup in 1974.

It was approved by 99.3% of voters with a 94.9% turnout. The first elections under the new constitution were held later in the year on 12 December.

1974 Nigerien coup d'état
The 1974 Nigerien coup d'état was a largely bloodless military insurrection which overthrew the first postcolonial government of Niger. The government that followed, while plagued by coup attempts of its own, survived until 1991.