hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arum type
Arum-type refers to the morphology of fungal hyphae living in, or around plant root cells.

Forms in arbuscular or tree-like fashion, branching off dichotomously at predetermined junctions.

This is a type of mycorrhizal infection whereby the fungus in question invaginates the cell membrane of a plant cell, and branches in arbuscular manner.
Arum-type growth of hyphae is used in endomycorrhizal symbiosis with a plant.

Often, but not always, accompanied by intercellular hyphal growth.

Dichotomy
A dichotomy (/daɪˈkɒtəmi/) is a partition of a whole (or a set) into two parts (subsets). In other words, this couple of parts must be

jointly exhaustive: everything must belong to one part or the other, and

mutually exclusive: nothing can belong simultaneously to both parts.

If there is a concept A, and it is split into parts B and not-B, then the parts form a dichotomy: they are mutually exclusive, since no part of B is contained in not-B and vice versa, and they are jointly exhaustive, since they cover all of A, and together again give A.

Such a partition is also frequently called a bipartition. The two parts thus formed are complements. In logic, the partitions are opposites if there exists a proposition such that it holds over one and not the other. Treating continuous variables or multicategorical variables as binary variables is called dichotomization. The discretization error inherent in dichotomization is temporarily ignored for modeling purposes.
Extranjero
Extranjero (Foreign) is the fourth studio album by Venezuelan singer Franco De Vita released on the CBS Records label. The CD produced three singles, most notably the critically acclaimed "No Basta," which spent four weeks at No. 1 on the Billboard Latin music charts in the United States. Other singles from the album included "Ya Lo He Vivido" and "Será."

Latin music
Latin music (Portuguese and Spanish: música latina) is a term used by the music industry as a catch-all category for various styles of music from Ibero-America, which encompasses Latin America, Spain, Portugal, and the Latino population in Canada and the United States, as well as music that is sung in either Spanish or Portuguese. It may also include music from other territories where Spanish- and Portuguese-language music is made.
Perth Central Area Transit
The Perth Central Area Transit (Perth CAT) system, or simply CAT, consists of five bus routes in the centre of Perth, three bus routes in Joondalup, and a route called Surf CAT linking Stirling and Scarborough. CAT services formerly operated in Fremantle, and similar services exist in Rockingham (called City Centre Transit System) and Midland (called Midland Gate Shuttle).

Unlike all other Transperth services, most CAT routes are free and a SmartRider is not needed.

Elizabeth Quay bus station
Elizabeth Quay bus station, formerly the Esplanade Busport, is a Transperth bus station, located at the southern edge of the Perth CBD in Western Australia, next to the Perth Convention Exhibition Centre and Elizabeth Quay railway station. It has 35 stands and is served by 55 Transperth routes operated by Path Transit, Swan Transit and Transdev WA. It is also served by South West Coach Lines services.
Flexiv
Flexiv Ltd. is a robotics company founded by Shiquan Wang in 2016 that manufactures adaptive robots. The company's primary products include Rizon and Moonlight robots. It also manufactures end effectors and grippers. The firm originated out of Stanford University, and it once used Nvidia's Isaac Replicator.

Headquartered in Shanghai, Flexiv has established operations in the U.S. and Singapore. The company was financed by Plug & Play Ventures, Gaorong Capital, and YF Capital. In the second half of 2020, it began mass-producing robots. In the same year, it was included in an analysis report on cobots published by Frost & Sullivan. In May 2024, the firm collaborated with Siemens. In September, it attended the TAiROS Exhibition in Taipei.

Cobot
A cobot, or collaborative robot, also known as a companion robot, is a robot intended for direct human-robot interaction within a shared space, or where humans and robots are in close proximity. Cobot applications contrast with traditional industrial robot applications in which robots are isolated from human contact or the humans are protected by robotic tech vests. Cobot safety may rely on lightweight construction materials, rounded edges, and inherent limitation of speed and force, or on sensors and software that ensure safe behavior.
Danaë
In Greek mythology, Danaë (/ˈdæneɪ.i/, /ˈdæni.iː/; Ancient Greek: Δανάη, romanized: Danáē; Ancient Greek: [da.ná.ɛː], Modern: [ðaˈna.i]) was an Argive princess and mother of the hero Perseus by Zeus. She was credited with founding the city of Ardea in Latium during the Bronze Age.

Latium
Latium (/ˈleɪʃiəm/ LAY-shee-əm, US also /-ʃəm/ -⁠shəm; Latin: [ˈɫati.ũː]) is the region of central western Italy in which the city of Rome was founded and grew to be the capital city of the Roman Empire.
Deaths in September 2013
The following is a list of notable deaths in September 2013.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship and reason for notability, established cause of death, reference.

Ice hockey at the 1968 Winter Olympics
The men's ice hockey tournament at the 1968 Winter Olympics held in Grenoble, France, was the 11th Olympic Championship, also serving as the 35th World Championships and the 46th European Championships. This was the last Olympic tournament to include the World and European titles. Games were held at the Palais des Sports. The Soviet Union won their third Olympic gold medal, eighth World Championship and twelfth European Championship. Czechoslovakia won the silver, followed by Canada taking the bronze.

For the first (and only) time, not all qualifiers were given the opportunity to play for medals, as the lowest two ranked qualifiers (Japan and Austria), together with host France were placed directly into the Consolation Group. Poland and Italy qualified but declined to participate.
Orto Botanico Conservativo Francesco Busnello
The Orto Botanico Conservativo Francesco Busnello (4000 m2) is a botanical garden designed by the Accademia Trevigiana per il Territorio, and located on Viale Nazioni Unite, Treviso, Veneto, Italy. Starting from 2022 it is open daily and operated by NOI San Paolo.

The garden was established in 1987, and named in honor of Italy's first heart donor. In collaboration with the University of Padua, the garden aims to conserve genomes of traditional varieties of fruit plants now in danger of extinction. It contains about 100 plants representing 24 species, including Cornus mas, Corylus avellana, Crataegus azarolus, Cydonia oblonga, Diospyros kaki, Ficus carica, Juglans regia, Laurus nobilis, Malus domestica, Morus alba, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus cerasifera, Prunus cerasus, Prunus domestica, Prunus mahaleb, Prunus persica, Prunus spinosa, Punica granatum, Pyrus communis, Rosa canina, Rubus ulmifolius, Vitis labrusca, and Ziziphus jujuba.

Rubus ulmifolius
Rubus ulmifolius is a species of wild blackberry known by the English common name elmleaf blackberry or thornless blackberry and the Spanish common name zarzamora. It is native to Europe and North Africa, and has also become naturalized in parts of the United States (especially California), Australia, and southern South America.
Rattlesnakes (film)
Rattlesnakes is a 2019 film directed by Julius Amedume and produced by Nik Powell of Scala Productions. It is based on the stage play Rattlesnakes written by Graham Farrow.

Starring Jack Coleman, Jimmy Jean-Louis, and Kathleen McClellan, the story revolves around Robert McQueen, whose day takes a turn for the worse when he is held hostage and accused by three vengeful husbands of sleeping with their wives. However, the truths they hear will change their lives forever.

Jimmy Jean-Louis
Jimmy Jean-Louis (born August 8, 1968) is a Haitian actor and producer. Born in Pétion-Ville, he moved to Paris at a young age with his family in search of a better life. His early roles were in French television commercials and Spanish musical theatre. Eventually settling in Los Angeles in the late 1990s, he had small roles in The Bourne Identity, Tears of the Sun and Arliss before breaking into larger roles in American television and film. He played the character of "the Haitian" on the NBC television series Heroes from 2007 to 2010.  He played the title character in the 2012 French telefilm Toussaint Louverture. In 2024, he co-produced and acted in the Indian film The Goat Life alongside Prithviraj.
Mustilia semiravida
Mustilia semiravida is a moth in the Endromidae family. It was described by Yang in 1995. It is found in China (Guangxi).

The wingspan is about 52 mm. The forewings are grey. The hindwings are brownish-yellow, with the inner half red-brown.

Endromidae
Endromidae is a family of moths consisting of 16 genera with 72 species. This relictual family is related to the families Carthaeidae, Anthelidae, and Phiditiidae as part of the bombycine group "CAPOPEM".
Barbara Pompili
Barbara Annick Pompili (French pronunciation: [baʁbaʁa pɔ̃pili] ⓘ; born 13 June 1975) is a French politician who served as Minister of the Ecological Transition under Prime Minister Jean Castex from 2020 to 2022. She previously served as Secretary of State for Biodiversity from 2016 to 2017.

Pompili represented the 2nd constituency of Somme in the National Assembly from 2012 to 2016, from 2017 to 2020 and again from 2022 to 2023. A member of Renaissance (RE, formerly La République En Marche!) since 2017, she was a member of The Greens (LV) from 2000 to 2010 and Europe Ecology – The Greens (EELV) from 2010 until 2015.

On 26 March 2025, she was appointed ambassador-at-large for the environment by President Emmanuel Macron.

The Ecologists
The Ecologists – Europe Ecology The Greens (French: Les Écologistes – Europe Écologie Les Verts), commonly known as The Ecologists (French: Les Écologistes, LÉ) and formerly as Europe Ecology The Greens (French: Europe Écologie Les Verts [øʁɔp ekɔlɔʒi le vɛʁ], EELV [ə ɛl ve]) until 2023, is a centre-left to left-wing green political party in France. The party is a member of the European Green Party. It was formed on 13 November 2010 from the merger of The Greens and Europe Ecology.
Alan Spaulding
Alan Spaulding is a fictional character on the CBS soap opera Guiding Light.  He was played by Christopher Bernau from the time of the character's introduction in 1977 until 1984, and from 1986 to June 1988, when Bernau left the role due to health problems. David Bailey briefly portrayed the role in 1979. Daniel Pilon stepped into the role from 1988 until the character was sent to prison in 1990. From 1994 to the series 2009 conclusion, the character was played by Ron Raines. Jeff Branson briefly played a young Alan in a flashback scene during Carrie Carruther's murder investigation.

Daniel Pilon
Daniel Pilon (November 13, 1940 – June 26, 2018) was a Canadian actor, known for his role for the television series Dallas as Renaldo "Naldo" Marchetta.
In addition to Dallas, he appeared in daytime television soap opera series such as Ryan's Hope, Guiding Light and Days of Our Lives.
I Am the Great Horse
I Am the Great Horse is a historical fantasy novel by English writer Katherine Roberts, published in August 2006 by The Chicken House and aimed at teens. It is about the life of Alexander the Great, told from the point of view of his horse, Bucephalus.

Fantasy literature
Fantasy literature is literature set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Magic, the supernatural and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fantasy literature may be directed at both children and adults.

Fantasy is considered a genre of speculative fiction and is distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the absence of scientific or macabre themes, respectively, though these may overlap. Historically, most works of fantasy were in written form, but since the 1960s, a growing segment of the genre has taken the form of fantasy films, fantasy television programs, graphic novels, video games, music and art.

Many fantasy novels originally written for children and adolescents also attract an adult audience. Examples include Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, the Harry Potter series, The Chronicles of Narnia, and The Hobbit.
Birkenhead Park FC
Birkenhead Park Football Club  is an English rugby union team based in Birkenhead, Wirral. The club operates five senior teams, a ladies team (Birkenhead Park Panthers) and six junior sides. The men's senior team play in Regional 1 North West, the fifth level of the English rugby union system, following promotion as champions of Regional 2 North West in 2023–24.

Frank Hulme
Frank Croft Hulme (31 August 1881 – 5 September 1935) was an English international rugby union player.

Born in Oxton, Cheshire, Hulme was educated at Birkenhead School and earned his first Cheshire trial while still a schoolboy. He formed a half-back partnership with "Toggie" Kendall in matches for Birkenhead Park and Cheshire.

Hulme debuted for England in the 1903 Home Nations, featuring in two fixtures. He played a match against Australia in Sydney while touring with the 1904 British Lions and the following year gained another two England caps.
Aber railway station (Gwynedd)
Aber railway station was a railway station on the North Wales Coast Line in the Welsh county of Gwynedd. Although trains still pass on the main line, the station closed in 1960.
A signal box on the site remained in use until the installation of colour light signalling.

North Wales Main Line
The North Wales Main Line (Welsh: Prif Linell Gogledd Cymru or Prif Linell y Gogledd; lit. 'north main line'), also known as the North Wales Coast Line (Welsh: Llinell Arfordir Gogledd Cymru), is a major railway line in the north of Wales and Cheshire, England, running from Crewe on the West Coast Main Line to Holyhead on the Isle of Anglesey. The line has 19 stations, with all except two, Chester and Crewe, being in Wales.

The line is not currently electrified, so Avanti West Coast, the current operator of the West Coast Partnership franchise, currently uses Class 805 Evero units. Class 221 Super Voyagers were previously used from December 2007 to December 2024. Plans to electrify the line were announced in October 2023.

The line contains several notable engineering structures, including Conwy railway bridge across the River Conwy, and Britannia Bridge across the Menai Strait.
Gunilla Bergman
Gunilla "Nilla" Bergman (born 29 January 1949) is a Swedish curler and curling coach.

She is a 1979 World silver medallist and a 1979 European silver medallist.

In 1982 she was inducted into the Swedish Curling Hall of Fame.

1979 Royal Bank of Scotland World Women's Curling Championship
The 1979 Royal Bank of Scotland World Women's Curling Championship also known as the Women's World Invitational Curling Championship or The Royal Bank Ladies World Curling Championship was the first ever women's world championship. It was held at the Perth Ice Rink in Perth, Scotland from 17 March to 23 March 1979.

Canada and the USA joined the nine teams that played in the 1978 European Curling Championships. The Championship was won by Switzerland, who beat Sweden 13-5 in the final.

The event was billed as the women's world championship, but was not sanctioned by the International Curling Federation at the time.
LP1 (Joss Stone album)
LP1 is the fifth studio album by English singer and songwriter Joss Stone. It was released on 21 July 2011 on Stone's own label, Stone'd Records, in partnership with Surfdog Records, following her departure from EMI in 2010. The album was recorded at Blackbird Studios in Nashville, Tennessee, in six days. Stone co-wrote and co-produced the album with record producer and Eurythmics co-founder, Dave Stewart.

To promote the album, Stone and Stewart performed on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno on 11 July 2011, on The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson on 13 July and on Live! with Regis and Kelly on 14 July.

Live with Kelly and Mark
Live with Kelly and Mark (or simply Live) is an American syndicated morning talk show hosted by Kelly Ripa and Mark Consuelos. Executive produced by Michael Gelman, the Live with... show formula has aired under various hosts since 1983 locally on WABC-TV in New York City and 1988 nationwide. As of 2016, it is produced by WABC.

With roots in A.M. Los Angeles and A.M. New York, Live began as The Morning Show, hosted by Regis Philbin and Cyndy Garvey; the show rose to national prominence as Live with Regis and Kathie Lee when Philbin was joined by Kathie Lee Gifford. Gifford was followed by Ripa. The franchise has had longstanding success and has won the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show and Outstanding Talk Show Hosts. Since April 2023, the show has been hosted by Ripa and her husband, Mark Consuelos. Prior to Consuelos, Ripa previously co-hosted the show with Philbin, Michael Strahan, and Ryan Seacrest.
Kimmerobatis
Kimmerobatis (meaning "Kimmeridge ray") is an extinct genus of asterodermid rays from the Late Jurassic (Tithonian age) Kimmeridge Clay Formation of England. The genus contains a single species, K. etchesi, known from two partial, well-preserved specimens.

Tithonian
In the geological timescale, the Tithonian is the latest age of the Late Jurassic Epoch and the uppermost stage of the Upper Jurassic Series. It spans the time between 149.2 ±0.7 Ma and 143.1 ±0.6 (million years ago). It is preceded by the Kimmeridgian and followed by the Berriasian (part of the Cretaceous).
Arlington High School
Arlington High School can refer to one of several American high schools:

Arlington High School (California), Riverside, California

Arlington High School (Illinois), Arlington Heights, Illinois

Arlington High School (Indiana), Indianapolis, Indiana

Arlington High School (Massachusetts), Arlington, Massachusetts

Arlington Senior High School, Saint Paul, Minnesota

Arlington High School (Nebraska), Arlington, Nebraska

Arlington High School (New York), LaGrange, New York

Arlington High School (Ohio), Arlington, Ohio

Arlington High School (Oregon), Arlington, Oregon

Arlington High School (Tennessee), Arlington, Tennessee

Arlington High School (Texas), Arlington, Texas

Arlington High School (Washington), Arlington, Washington

Arlington High School (Ohio)
Arlington School is a public school in Arlington, Ohio, United States for kindergarten through 12th grade.  It is the only school in the Arlington Local School District. It is located on U.S. 68, south of Findlay, Ohio. Past enrollment has exceed 600 registered students.
Salzbrücke
Salzbrücke is a former Verwaltungsgemeinschaft ("collective municipality") in the district Schmalkalden-Meiningen, in Thuringia, Germany. The seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft was in Obermaßfeld-Grimmenthal. It was disbanded on 1 January 2012.

The Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Salzbrücke consisted of the following municipalities:

Bauerbach

Belrieth

Einhausen

Ellingshausen

Leutersdorf

Neubrunn

Obermaßfeld-Grimmenthal

Ritschenhausen

Vachdorf

Wölfershausen

50°31′01″N 10°25′01″E﻿ / ﻿50.517°N 10.417°E﻿ / 50.517; 10.417

Bauerbach
Bauerbach (German pronunciation: [ˈbaʊɐbax]) is a village and a former municipality in the district of Schmalkalden-Meiningen, in Thuringia, Germany. Since 1 January 2012, it is part of the municipality Grabfeld.
Panjgrain
Panjgrain is a village in Nakodar in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Nakodar, 41 kilometres (25 mi) from Kapurthala, 26 kilometres (16 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 155 kilometres (96 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Kapurthala
Kapurthala (Punjabi pronunciation: [kə.puːɾ.t̪ʰə.läː]) is a city in the Punjab state of India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Kapurthala District. It was the capital of the Kapurthala State, a princely state in British India. It is an immediate neighbour of Jalandhar city proper, and a part of the Jalandhar Metropolitan Region. The aesthetic mix of the city, with its prominent buildings based on French and Indo-Saracenic architecture self-narrate its princely past. And for this reason, it has often been referred to as the “Paris of Punjab”. It is also known as the 'City of Palaces & Gardens'. According to the 2011 census, Kapurthala is the least populated city in India.
2008 Mutua Madrileña Masters Madrid
The 2008 Madrid Masters (also known as the Mutua Madrileña Masters Madrid for sponsorship reasons) was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 7th edition of the Madrid Masters, and was part of the ATP Masters Series of the 2008 ATP Tour. It took place at the Madrid Arena in Madrid, Spain, from 13 October through 19 October 2008. Fourth-seeded Andy Murray won the singles title.

The singles field was led by World No. 1, Beijing Olympics singles gold medalist, French Open and Wimbledon, Monte Carlo, Hamburg, Toronto Masters champion Rafael Nadal, ATP No. 2, US Open titlist, Olympic doubles gold medalist, Madrid defending finalist Roger Federer, and Australian Open, Indian Wells, Rome Masters winner Novak Djokovic. Other top seeds were US Open runner-up, Cincinnati Masters titlist Andy Murray, Miami Masters, Pörtschach, Warsaw winner Nikolay Davydenko, David Ferrer, David Nalbandian and Andy Roddick.

2007 Mutua Madrileña Masters Madrid
The 2007 Madrid Masters (also known as the Mutua Madrileña Masters Madrid for sponsorship reasons) was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 6th edition of the Madrid Masters, and was part of the ATP Masters Series of the 2007 ATP Tour. It took place at the Madrid Arena in Madrid, Spain, from October 15 through October 21, 2007.

The announced field was led by world No. 1, Australian Open, Wimbledon and US Open winner and defending champion Roger Federer, ATP No. 2 and French Open winner Rafael Nadal, and US Open runner-up and Vienna titlist Novak Djokovic. Other top players were US Open semifinalist and Moscow winner Nikolay Davydenko, Australian Open runner up and Beijing titlist Fernando González, James Blake, David Ferrer and Tommy Robredo.
Metropolitan Railroad (Maryland)
The Metropolitan Railroad was a 19th-century Maryland corporation that proposed to build a railroad line from Washington, D.C., to  the vicinity of Frederick, Maryland, where it would connect with the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O), and continue to Hagerstown.  The company was organized by businessmen from Washington and Montgomery County, Maryland, and was chartered by the Maryland General Assembly in 1853.  It conducted some initial land surveys, but had difficulty raising funds and went bankrupt in 1863.  The B&O subsequently constructed a rail line on a similar route, and opened its Metropolitan Branch in 1873.

Maryland General Assembly
The Maryland General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maryland that convenes within the State House in Annapolis. It is a bicameral body: the upper chamber, the Maryland Senate, has 47 representatives, and the lower chamber, the Maryland House of Delegates, has 141 representatives. Members of both houses serve four-year terms. Each house elects its own officers, judges the qualifications and election of its own members, establishes rules for the conduct of its business, and may punish or expel its own members.

The General Assembly convenes its legislative session for 90 days each year to act on more than 2,300 bills including the state's annual budget, which it must pass before adjourning sine die. The General Assembly's 446th session convened on January 10, 2024.