hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Iowa's 12th Senate district
The 12th District of the Iowa Senate is located in southern Iowa, and is currently composed of Adair, Clarke, Decatur, Lucas, Madison, and Wayne counties, as well as portions of Appanoose, Dallas, and Union counties.

Decatur County, Iowa
Decatur County (/dɪˈkeɪtər/) is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,645. The county seat is Leon. This county is named for Stephen Decatur Jr., a hero in the War of 1812.
Booth Grey
Booth Grey (15 August 1740 – 4 March 1802)  was an English politician who served in the House of Commons from 1768 to 1784.

Grey was the son of Harry Grey, 4th Earl of Stamford, and his wife Lady Mary Booth daughter of George Booth, 2nd Earl of Warrington. He matriculated at Queens' College, Cambridge in 1756 and was awarded MA in 1761.  He was one of the founders of the Tarporley Hunt Club in 1762. He was elected Member of Parliament for Leicester in the 1768 general election on a joint interest with his friend Eyre Coote. He was returned without contest in 1774  and 1780. In 1784 Grey canvassed the borough, but withdrew when faced with the prospect of an expensive contest and  never stood for Parliament again.

Grey married Elizabeth Manwaring, daughter of Charles Manwaring of Brombrough, Cheshire and had a son also Booth and a daughter Elizabeth. He died on 4 March 1802.

1774 British general election
The 1774 British general election returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 14th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. Lord North's government was returned with a large majority. The opposition consisted of factions supporting the Marquess of Rockingham and William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham, both of whom referred to themselves as Whigs. North's opponents referred to his supporters as Tories, but no Tory party existed at the time and his supporters rejected the label.
2010 Abierto Internacional del Bicentenario Leon – Doubles
Sanchai Ratiwatana and Sonchat Ratiwatana were the defending champions, but they chose to compete in Johannesburg instead.
Santiago González and Vasek Pospisil won in the final 3–6, 6–3, [10–8], against Kaden Hensel and Adam Hubble.

Adam Hubble
Adam Hubble (born 25 March 1986) was an Australian professional tennis player playing on the ITF Men's Circuit and the ATP Challenger Tour who specialized in doubles. On 30 November 2009, he reached his highest ATP singles ranking of No. 679 whilst his best doubles ranking was No. 146 on 2 August 2010. He was best known for multiple tournament wins with fellow Australian player Kaden Hensel. Hubble briefly played NCAA div I tennis for the University of Tennessee before turning semi professional. His last professional singles tournament was in Burnie, Australia in February 2015 and last professional doubles tournament was in Liberec, Czech Republic in August 2015. His playing style relied on a big serve, soft hands, high percentage returns and an elite level of fitness. Adam Hubble is now the Head Coach at Grace Park Hawthorn Club in Hawthorn Australia. He is a distant relation to famed astronomer Edwin Hubble. Adam Hubble is currently dating Australian tennis player Miranda Poile.
Yamaha XV1000
The Yamaha XV1000 or Virago 1000 was a Yamaha V-twin cruiser motorcycle. The XV920 was redesigned in 1984 and engine size increased to 981 cc (59.9 cu in) resulting in the renamed XV1000.  Made from 1984 through 1985, it was part of Yamaha's Virago line of cruisers.    In 1986, engine size was again increased to 1,063 cc (64.9 cu in), resulting in the renamed XV1100.

V-twin engine
A V-twin engine, also called a V2 engine, is a two-cylinder piston engine where the cylinders are arranged in a V configuration and share a common crankshaft.

The V-twin is widely associated with motorcycles, primarily installed transversely, though also longitudinally. They are also used in a variety of other land, air, and marine vehicles, as well as industrial applications. The V-twin design dates back to the late 1880s.
Karttula
Karttula (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈkɑrtːulɑ]) is a former municipality of Finland. It was consolidated with the city of Kuopio on 1 January 2011.

The municipality was located in the North Savo region. It had a population of 3,483 (31 October 2010) and covered a land area of 473.38 square kilometres (182.77 sq mi). The population density was 7.36 inhabitants per square kilometre (19.1/sq mi). The municipality was unilingually Finnish.

Karttula was consolidated with the city of Kuopio in 2011. Kuopio retained its name and coat of arms.

In the 1980s, each Savonian municipality voted for its own signature dish. Karttula's traditional dish was mykysoppa, a variation of Upper Savo's mykyrokka. Other local dishes include blueberry gruel and sap.

Gruel
Gruel is a food consisting of some type of cereal—such as ground oats, wheat, rye, or rice—heated or boiled in water or milk. It is a thinner version of porridge that may be more often drunk rather than eaten. Historically, gruel has been a staple of the Western diet, especially for peasants. Gruel may also be made from millet, hemp, barley, or, in hard times, from chestnut flour or even the less-bitter acorns of some oaks. Gruel has historically been associated with feeding the sick and recently weaned children.

Gruel is also a colloquial expression for any watery food of unknown character, e.g., pea soup. Gruel has often been associated with poverty, with negative associations attached to the term in popular culture, as in the Charles Dickens novels Oliver Twist and A Christmas Carol.
Telematics 2.0
Telematics 2.0 is the name for the Internet of things-based telematics technology for the automotive industry. Telematics 2.0 utilises smartphone-based sensors rather than the black box devices used in the traditional pay as you drive insurance industry. Telematics 2.0 solutions reached the consumer market in 2012/3 with solutions being offered by leading auto insurers such as AIG and AssetFENCE in the US.

A commercial pilot of SafeDrive was run 2013 in Sweden, where the shortcomings of the smartphone as measurement probe were handled by digital signal processing.

Telematics
Telematics is an interdisciplinary field encompassing telecommunications, vehicular technologies (road transport, road safety, etc., as part of Intelligent transportation systems), electrical engineering (sensors, instrumentation, wireless communications, etc.), and computer science (multimedia, Internet, etc.). Telematics can involve any of the following:

The technology of sending, receiving, and storing information using telecommunication devices, such as a Telematic control unit, to control remote objects

The integrated use of telecommunications and informatics for application in vehicles and to control vehicles on the move

Global navigation satellite system technology (most commonly GPS) integrated with computers and mobile communications technology in automotive navigation systems, often using a GPS tracking unit

(Most narrowly) The use of such systems within road vehicles (also called vehicle telematics)
Kred, Kobarid
Kred (pronounced [ˈkɾeːt]) is a village in the Municipality of Kobarid in the Littoral region of Slovenia. It is located in the Breginj Combe.

The parish church in the centre of the village is dedicated to Saint Nicholas.

Municipality of Kobarid
The Municipality of Kobarid (pronounced [kɔbaˈɾiːt]; Slovene: Občina Kobarid; Italian: Comune di Caporetto) is a municipality in the Upper Soča Valley in western Slovenia, near the Italian border. The seat of the municipality is the town of Kobarid.

The municipality was established on 3 October 1994, when the former larger Municipality of Tolmin was subdivided into the municipalities of Bovec, Kobarid, and Tolmin. It borders Italy.
Lorenzo Ramaciotti
Lorenzo Ramaciotti (born 1948) is an Italian car designer.  Ramaciotti started his career with Pininfarina in 1972 and retired in 2005. In 2007 he became Group Chief of Design at Fiat Group Automobiles, responsible for all the Fiat Group brands, including Alfa Romeo, Lancia and Maserati. In 2015 he was replaced by Ralph Gilles.

Alfa Romeo Giulietta (2010)
The Alfa Romeo Giulietta (Type 940) is a hatchback manufactured and marketed by Alfa Romeo, as a 5-door small family car. Production started near the end of 2009 and the model was introduced at the March 2010 Geneva Motor Show. The Giulietta placed second in the 2011 European Car of the Year awards. In 2020, Alfa Romeo announced that they were going to axe the Giulietta and production ended on 22 December 2020 spanning 10 years of sales from a period of 2010 to 2020. In total 469,067 examples were produced until 2020.
Bandeirante State
Bandeirante State (in Portuguese: Estado bandeirante) is a popular and historical name for the Brazilian state of São Paulo. It came into use in the 1900s, with mentions in periodicals such as A Republica, in 1905, and Jornal do Commercio, in 1909. It is also mentioned in the anthem of the municipalities of Barrinha, Mairiporã, Mirandópolis and Santa Albertina.

São Paulo became known as the place from which Bandeiras set out to explore the interior of South America, being the birthplace of several Bandeirantes of significant importance to the history of Brazil, such as Anhangüera, discoverer of Goiás, Domingos Jorge Velho, one of the conquerors of Piauí, and many others who stood out in the founding of Brazilian towns and capitals, such as Belo Horizonte, Curitiba, Cuiabá and Florianópolis.

Mirandópolis
Mirandópolis is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 29,706 (2020 est.) in an area of 918 km2. The elevation is 429 m. Nickname is Cidade labor (labor city), and Demonymis mirandopolense.
Viyabari
Viyabari (/vjɑːbɑːri/ transl. Businessman) is a 2007 Indian Tamil-language science fiction comedy film directed and written by Sakthi Chidambaram. The film stars S. J. Suryah in a dual role as a businessman and his clone, alongside an ensemble cast that includes Tamannaah Bhatia, Prakash Raj, Namitha, Malavika, Vadivelu, Santhanam, Seetha, and Nassar. The music was composed by Deva. Cinematography was handled by M. V. Panneerselvam, and editing was done by S. Suraj Kavee.

Nassar (actor)
Nassar (born Muhammad Hanif; 5 March 1958) is an Indian actor, director, producer, voice artist, singer and politician who mainly works in the Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam film industries. He has also worked in a few Kannada,  English, Hindi  and Bengali films. He is the incumbent president of the Nadigar Sangam, a trade union for film, television, and stage actors in Tamil Nadu.
Matanhy Saldanha
José Matanhy de Saldanha (Konkani: Juze Matani de Saldanea; 24 October 1948 – 21 March 2012) was an Indian social activist, journalist, school teacher and former two-term member of the Goa Legislative Assembly, representing the Cortalim Assembly constituency. He campaigned for Goan identity, values, and culture. Saldanha also served as a Cabinet Minister in the Government of Goa with portfolios of Tourism as well as Science and Environment.

South Goa district
South Goa district is one of the two districts that together constitute the state of Goa, India, within the region known as the Konkan. It is bounded by North Goa district to the north, while the Arabian Sea forms its western coast. It ranks among the top 25 developed districts of India. The district capital city is Margao (Madgaon), which also serves as the commercial capital of Goa.
Homohysteria
Homohysteria is the fear of being thought homosexual because of behavior that is typically considered gender atypical. Homohysteria can exist in cultures where it is understood that people are and can be homosexual, even if closeted, and that homosexuality is perceived as less desirable than heterosexuality. This combination leads to men fearing others will think they are gay if they do not fit male gender stereotypes. Not fitting into gender stereotypes (gender atypicality) has historically been associated with gay men, with the trials of Oscar Wilde furthering this belief in Britain and elsewhere, with his conviction of gross indecency furthering public stereotypes about gay males. Because of these misconceptions, many stereotypically "masculine-acting" gay men were exempt from public suspicion about their sexuality.

Labouchère Amendment
Section 11 of the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885, commonly known as the Labouchère Amendment, made "gross indecency" a crime in the United Kingdom. In practice, the law was used broadly to prosecute male homosexuals where actual sodomy (meaning, in this context, anal intercourse) could not be proven. The penalty of life imprisonment for sodomy (until 1861 it had been death) was also so harsh that successful prosecutions were rare. The new law was much more enforceable. In England and Wales, section 11 was repealed and re-enacted by section 13 of the Sexual Offences Act 1956; this in turn was repealed by the Sexual Offences Act 1967, which partially decriminalised male homosexual behaviour.

Most famously, Oscar Wilde was convicted under section 11 and sentenced to two years' hard labour, and Alan Turing was convicted under it and sentenced to oestrogen injections (chemical castration) as an alternative to prison.
Sium sisarum
Sium sisarum, commonly known as skirret, is a perennial plant of the family Apiaceae in the same family as carrots and parsnip.  Skirret is grown as a root vegetable. The English name skirret is derived from the Middle English 'skirwhit' or 'skirwort', meaning 'white root'. In Scots it is known as crummock and in Irish as sciréad. Its Danish name sukkerrod, Dutch name suikerwortel and German name "Zuckerwurzel" translate as 'sugar root'.

Skirret has a cluster of bright white, sweetish, somewhat aromatic roots, each approximately 15–20 centimetres (6–8 in) in length. These are used as a vegetable in the same manner as the common salsify, black salsify and the parsnip.

Apiaceae
Apiaceae (/ˌeɪpiˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ ⓘ), also called Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium, and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,800 species in about 446 genera, including such well-known, and economically important plants as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip and sea holly, as well as silphium, a plant whose exact identity is unclear and which may be extinct.

The family Apiaceae includes a significant number of phototoxic species, such as giant hogweed, and a smaller number of highly poisonous species, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, spotted cowbane, fool's parsley, and various species of water dropwort.
East Village (Des Moines)
Historic East Village is a commercial and residential neighborhood in central Des Moines, Iowa, United States, directly east of the Downtown Des Moines area. The neighborhood is bounded by Interstate 235 on the north, the Des Moines River on the west and south, and East 14th Street on the east. It also sits adjacent to the Historic Court District, which sits west across the Des Moines River. Part of the East Village forms a nationally recognized historic district that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2019.

Many state and municipal buildings exist within the East Village. These include the Iowa State Capitol complex (including the Iowa Supreme Court), the State of Iowa Historical Museum, and the Des Moines Botanical Gardens.

State Historical Society of Iowa
The State Historical Society of Iowa (SHSI), a division of the Iowa Department of Administrative Affairs, serves as the official historical repository for the State of Iowa and also provides grants, public education, and outreach about Iowa history and archaeology. The SHSI maintains a museum, library, archives, and research center in Des Moines and a research library in Iowa City, as well as several historic sites in Iowa. It was founded in 1857 in Iowa City, where it was first affiliated with the University of Iowa. As the organization grew in size and collections, it became a separate state agency headquartered near the Iowa Capitol in Des Moines. Since March 2024, the Administrator of the State Historical Society of Iowa has been Valerie Van Kooten.
Daur Akhvlediani Stadium
Daur Akhvlediani Stadium is the central stadium of Gagra city in Georgia. It is located on Nartaa Avenue. During the Abkhaz–Georgian conflict the stadium was seriously damaged and ceased to function. In 2007, it was reconstructed and 1,500 plastic benches were installed and drainage works carried out on the football field. The stadium was reopened on July 10, 1997, and was named after the hero of Abkhazia, Daur Akhvlediani.

Gagra
Gagra (Georgian: გაგრა; Abkhaz and Russian: Гагра) is a town in Abkhazia/Georgia, sprawling for 5 km on the northeast coast of the Black Sea, at the foot of the Caucasus Mountains. Its subtropical climate made Gagra a popular health resort since the Imperial Russian times.

It had a population of 26,636 in 1989, but this has declined considerably as a result of ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia and other demographic shifts during and after the War in Abkhazia (1992–93).

Gagra is the center of the district of the same name. It is located in the western part of the region of Abkhazia, and the Psou River serves as the border with the Krasnodar Krai of Russia.
Bedford–Hitchin line
52°03′50″N 0°19′23″W﻿ / ﻿52.064°N 0.323°W﻿ / 52.064; -0.323

The Bedford–Hitchin line was a branch of the Midland Railway which served stations at Cardington, Southill, Shefford and Henlow Camp in Bedfordshire, England. It opened in 1857, but was largely made redundant as a through-route to London by the extension of the Midland Main Line to St Pancras. The last passenger train ran in December 1961, and goods trains lasted to 1964.

Cardington, Bedfordshire
Cardington is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Bedford in Bedfordshire, England.

Part of the ancient hundred of Wixamtree, the settlement is best known in connection with the Cardington airship works founded by Short Brothers during World War I, which later became an RAF training station.  However most of the former RAF station is actually in the parish of Eastcotts, as is the settlement of Shortstown, which was originally built by Short Brothers for its workers. The village of Cardington is located to the north east of Shortstown and the RAF station, and houses most of the population of the parish, which was 270 in 2005, making it one of the least populated parishes in Bedfordshire.
1990 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1990 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa in the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Hawkeyes played their home games at Kinnick Stadium and were led by legendary coach Hayden Fry.

After starting 7–1 and rising to No. 6 in the polls, Iowa finished the season with an 8–4 record (6–2 Big Ten), winning a four-way tie for the Big Ten Conference championship by defeating the three other teams atop the conference standings – Michigan, Michigan State, and Illinois – in their respective head-to-head matchups. The Hawkeyes earned their third trip to Pasadena in ten years, but fell behind early in the 1991 Rose Bowl and lost 46–34 to the Washington Huskies. It was another 25 years before Iowa made a return trip to the Rose Bowl.

Big Ten Conference football individual awards
Coaches and media of the Big Ten Conference award the following individual honors at the end of each football season. In addition, the Chicago Tribune awards the Chicago Tribune Silver Football to the most valuable football player of the conference.
2019 IndyCar Grand Prix
The 2019 IndyCar Grand Prix was the fifth round of the 2019 IndyCar season. The race took place over 85 laps on the infield road course at Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana. Simon Pagenaud, who drove for Team Penske, made a late race pass on Scott Dixon to win his first race since 2017.

Simon Pagenaud
Simon Pierre Michel Pagenaud (French pronunciation: [pa.ʒe.no]; born 18 May 1984) is a French former professional racing driver, who last drove the No. 60 Honda for Meyer Shank Racing in the NTT IndyCar Series. After a successful career in sports car racing that saw him taking the top class championship title in the 2010 American Le Mans Series, he moved to the Indycar Series where he became the 2016 IndyCar champion and the 2019 Indianapolis 500 winner, becoming the first driver born in France to win the Indianapolis 500 since Gaston Chevrolet in 1920 and the first polesitter to have won the race since Helio Castroneves in 2009.

Pagenaud won both the 2022 24 Hours of Daytona and 2023 24 Hours of Daytona with Meyer Shank Racing.
FPD-Link
Flat Panel Display Link, more commonly referred to as FPD-Link, is the original high-speed digital video interface created in 1996 by National Semiconductor (now within Texas Instruments). It is a free and open standard for connecting the output from a graphics processing unit in a laptop, tablet computer, flat panel display, or LCD television to the display panel's timing controller.

Most laptops, tablet computers, flat-panel monitors, and TVs used the interface internally through 2010, when industry leaders AMD, Dell, Intel, Lenovo, LG, and Samsung together announced that they would be phasing out this interface by 2013 in favor of embedded DisplayPort (eDP).

LG
LG Corporation (or LG Group), formerly known as Lucky-Goldstar, is a South Korean multinational conglomerate founded by Koo In-hwoi in 1947 and managed by successive generations of his family. Headquartered in the LG Twin Towers building in Yeouido-dong, Yeongdeungpo District, in Seoul, it was the sixth-largest company in South Korea by revenue in 2023. LG develops, manufactures, and markets electronics, chemicals, household appliances, and telecommunications products. It operates subsidiaries in over 80 countries, including LG Electronics, Zenith, LG Display, LG Uplus, LG Innotek, LG Chem, LG Energy Solution, and LG AI Research.
Ecstasy: A Study of Happiness
Ecstasy: A Study of Happiness (Dutch: Extaze. Een boek van geluk) is a novel written by Louis Couperus and published in 1892 by L.J. Veen in a first edition of 1,250–1,500 copies. A second edition was printed in 1894 (1,250 copies) and a third in 1905 (2,000 copies). Ecstasy was the first book of Couperus that was published by L.J. Veen, later his regular publisher. Couperus received a wage of 550 guilders for the first edition. Ecstasy was first published in the Dutch literary magazine The Gids. The book was translated into English by Alexander Teixeira de Mattos in 1919 and published by Dodd, Mead and Company.

Alexander Teixeira de Mattos
Alexander Louis Teixeira de Mattos (9 April 1865 – 5 December 1921), known as Alexander Teixeira de Mattos, was a Dutch-English journalist, literary critic and publisher, who gained his greatest fame as a translator.
Derin Erdoğan
Derin Erdoğan  (born 28 June 2002) is a Turkish female basketball player. The 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m) tall  national plays point guard. Currently, she plays for Northeastern Huskies in the U.S. She was part of the Turkey U-16, Turkey U-18 and Turkey U-20 teams before she was admitted to the Turkey  team.

2019 FIBA U18 Women's European Championship Division B
The 2019 FIBA U18 Women's European Championship Division B was the 15th edition of the Division B of the FIBA U18 Women's European Championship, the second tier of the European women's under-18 basketball championship. It was played in Skopje, North Macedonia, from 5 to 14 July 2019. Finland women's national under-18 basketball team won the tournament.