hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eddy Zemach
Eddy M. Zemach (Hebrew: אדי צמח; 1935 – 21 May 2021) was an Israeli philosopher and professor, born in Jerusalem, Mandatory Palestine.

He was Ahad Ha'am Professor Emeritus in the Department of Philosophy at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He received his Ph.D. from Yale University in 1965, where he then went on to teach in the Philosophy Department of Yale’s Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. His main research interests were  aesthetics, metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of psychology, and philosophy of language.

Philosophy of language
Philosophy of language is the philosophical study of the nature of language. It investigates the relationship between language, language users, and the world. Investigations may include inquiry into the nature of meaning, indexicality, intentionality, reference, the constitution of sentences, concepts, learning, and thought.

Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell were pivotal figures in analytic philosophy's "linguistic turn". These writers were followed by Ludwig Wittgenstein (Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus), the Vienna Circle, logical positivists, and Willard Van Orman Quine.
Spreckels Sugar Company
The Spreckels Sugar Company is an American sugar beet refiner that for many years was the largest beet sugar producer in the western United States. The company was incorporated in 1896 and originally headquartered in San Francisco, with its largest operation being its beet sugar refinery in the company town of Spreckels, near Salinas, California. It has operated seven more factory locations during its years of operations.

As of 2025, the company is still in business as a sugar wholesaler to the food and beverage industry and is a wholly owned division of the Southern Minnesota Beet Sugar Cooperative (SMBSC). It has one remaining factory, located in the Imperial Valley town of Brawley, California, where the company is also headquartered. In 2025, SMBSC announced that they would be closing the Brawley factory during the following year and shutting down  its Spreckels Sugar division.

Beet sugar factory
A beet sugar factory, or sugar factory, is a type of production facility that produces sugar from sugar beets or alternative plants to sugarcane in making refined sugar. These factories process the beets to produce refined sugar, similar to sugarcane in other regions. The process involves several steps, including washing, slicing, and extracting the sugar content through diffusion. Nowadays, most sugar factories also act as sugar refineries. The first beet sugar factory was built in 1802.
Jason Henderson
Jason Douglas Henderson (born September 4, 1971) is an American writer of computer games, novels and several comic book series.

He is the writer of the young adult novel series Alex Van Helsing from HarperCollins and the comic book series Sword of Dracula from Image Comics, Strange Magic from Marvel Comics, and Soulcatcher. His book Alex Van Helsing: Vampire Rising was added to the 2011 Texas Library Association Lone Star Reading List, a list of the top 20 books published in the previous year for middle grade readers.

He was the writer of Locus best-seller The Element of Fire, the first novel in the Highlander (franchise), and was a co-creator on the Tokyopop manga series Psy-comm. He hosts the cult film podcast Castle of Horror with manga collaborator Tony Salvaggio.

Tokyopop
Tokyopop (styled TOKYOPOP; formerly known as Mixx Entertainment) is an American distributor, licensor and publisher of anime, manga, manhwa and Western manga-style works. The German publishing division produces German translations of licensed Japanese properties and original English-language manga, as well as original German-language manga. Tokyopop's US publishing division publishes works in English. Tokyopop has its US headquarters near Los Angeles International Airport in Los Angeles, California.

It is owned by POP Media Holdings. Tokyopop's parent company's offices are in Tokyo, Japan and its sister company's office is in Hamburg, Germany.
Gosslingia
Gosslingia was a genus of Early Devonian land plant with branching axes. Fossils have been from the Lochkovian to the Pragian, 420 to 411 million years ago.

A cladogram published in 2004 by Crane et al. places Gosslingia in the core of a paraphyletic stem group of broadly defined "zosterophylls", basal to the lycopsids (living and extinct clubmosses and relatives).

Hao and Xue in 2013 used the absence of terminal sporangia to place the genus in the family Gosslingiaceae in the paraphyletic order Gosslingiales, a group considered to have indeterminate growth, with fertile branches generally showing circinate vernation (initially curled up). Kenrick and Crane in 1997 also placed the genus in the family Gosslingiaceae, but they place this family in the order Sawdoniales.

Lycophyte
The lycophytes, when broadly circumscribed, are a group of vascular plants that include the clubmosses. They are sometimes placed in a division Lycopodiophyta or Lycophyta or in a subdivision Lycopodiophytina. They are one of the oldest lineages of extant (living) vascular plants; the group contains extinct plants that have been dated from the Silurian (ca. 425 million years ago). Lycophytes were some of the dominating plant species of the Carboniferous period, and included the tree-like Lepidodendrales, some of which grew over 40 metres (130 ft) in height, although extant lycophytes are relatively small plants.

The scientific names and the informal English names used for this group of plants are ambiguous. For example, "Lycopodiophyta" and the shorter "Lycophyta" as well as the informal "lycophyte" may be used to include the extinct zosterophylls or to exclude them.
On the Content and Object of Presentations
On the Content and Object of Presentations (German: Zur Lehre vom Inhalt und Gegenstand der Vorstellungen, "On the Doctrine of the Content and Object of Presentations") is an 1894 book by the Polish philosopher Kazimierz Twardowski, a student of the philosopher Franz Brentano.

Franz Brentano
Franz Clemens Honoratus Hermann Josef Brentano (/brɛnˈtɑːnoʊ/; German: [bʁɛnˈtaːno]; 16 January 1838 – 17 March 1917) was a German philosopher and psychologist. His 1874 Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint, considered his magnum opus, is credited with having reintroduced the medieval scholastic concept of intentionality into contemporary philosophy.

Originally a Catholic priest, Brentano withdrew from the priesthood in 1873 due to the dogmatic definition of papal infallibility in Pastor aeternus. Working subsequently as a non-denominational professor, his teaching triggered research in a wide array of fields such as linguistics, logic, mathematics and experimental psychology through the young generation of philosophers who were gathered as the School of Brentano.
Holland Thompson (politician)
Holland Thompson was a teacher, state legislator, religious leader, and civil rights advocate in Alabama. He represented Montgomery County, Alabama in the Alabama House of Representatives during the Reconstruction era.

A former slave, he served as a city councilor (alderman?) after the American Civil War. He helped form the Alabama Baptist Missionary Convention and the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church. He advocated for schools, police, and cemeteries for African Americans.

Dexter Avenue Baptist Church
Dexter Avenue Baptist Church is a Baptist church in Montgomery, Alabama, United States, affiliated with the Progressive National Baptist Convention.  The church was designated as a National Historic Landmark in 1974 because of its importance in the civil rights movement and American history. In 1978 the official name was changed to the Dexter Avenue King Memorial Baptist Church, in memory of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., who was pastor there and helped organize the Montgomery bus boycott in 1955 during the civil rights era. The church is located steps away from the Alabama State Capitol.

On January 1, 2008, the US Government submitted the church to UNESCO as part of an envisaged future World Heritage Site nomination, because of this important history. It is on the UNESCO "Tentative List of World Heritage Sites".
Shooting at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Men's 10 metre air pistol
Men's 10 metre air pistol was one of the thirteen shooting events at the 1992 Summer Olympics. This second installment of the event was won by Wang Yifu ahead of the world record holder Sergei Pyzhianov, and Sorin Babii who had established the Olympic record on the new target in the qualification round but lost the final.

Sorin Babii
Sorin Babii (born 14 November 1963) is a retired pistol shooter from Romania. He competed in the 10 m air pistol and 50 m free pistol events at six consecutive Olympics between 1984 and 2004 and won a gold medal in 1988 and a bronze in 1992.

Babii was included to the national team in 1980 and won one gold, two silver and three bronze medals at European junior championships. In 1985 he moved to the senior category and won two bronze medals at world championships and three gold, six silver and four bronze medals at European championships. He took a break from shooting in 2002–2003 and retired for good in 2008 to become a shooting coach. His trainees include the 2012 Olympic champion Alin Moldoveanu.

Babii holds the military rank of lieutenant colonel. His wife Lucia Babii is a former Romanian champion in pistol shooting.
Point Smellie
Point Smellie is a small steep-sided headland extending into Osogovo Bay from President Beaches on Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica and dominated by Smellie Hill (46 m).

The feature is named after John Smellie, BAS geologist who worked in the area in 1975–76.

British Antarctic Survey
The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) is the United Kingdom's national polar research institute. It has a dual purpose, to conduct polar science, enabling better understanding of global issues, and to provide an active presence in the Antarctic on behalf of the UK. It is part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). With over 400 staff, BAS takes an active role in Antarctic affairs, operating five research stations, one ship and five aircraft in both polar regions, as well as addressing key global and regional issues. This involves joint research projects with over 40 UK universities and more than 120 national and international collaborations.

Having taken shape from activities during World War II, it was known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey until 1962.
Tonawanda Municipal Building
Tonawanda Municipal Building is a historic municipal building located at Kenmore in Erie County, New York. It was designed by the noted Buffalo architecture firm Green and James and built in 1936 with funds provide by the Works Progress Administration. It is a two-story, steel frame and brick building clad in limestone with Art Deco design elements. The building serves as home to both the Village of Kenmore and Town of Tonawanda governments.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

Tonawanda (town), New York
Tonawanda (formally the Town of Tonawanda; Tuscarora: Tahnawáteh) is a town in Erie County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town had a population of 72,636. The town is at the north border of the county and is the northern inner ring suburb of Buffalo. It is sometimes referred to, along with its constituent village of Kenmore, as "Ken-Ton". The town was established in 1836, and up to 1903 it included what is now the city of Tonawanda.
John A. Locke
John A. Locke (born November 27, 1962, in Newton, Massachusetts) is an American attorney, farmer, and politician who represented the 14th Norfolk District in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1995 to 2003.

Newton, Massachusetts
Newton is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is located roughly 8 miles (13 km) west of Downtown Boston, and comprises a patchwork of thirteen villages. The city borders Boston to the northeast and southeast (via the neighborhoods of Brighton and West Roxbury), Brookline to the east, Watertown and Waltham to the north, and Weston, Wellesley, and Needham to the west. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Newton was 88,923.

Newton is home to the Charles River, Crystal Lake, and Heartbreak Hill, among other landmarks. It is served by several streets and highways (including Route 9, Hammond Pond Parkway, and the Mass Pike), as well as the Green Line D branch run by the MBTA.

Historically, the area that is now Newton was settled in 1639, and was originally first part of Cambridge (then called "the newe towne"). It split from Cambridge in 1681, and became known by its present name of Newton in 1766. It then became a city in 1874.
Euhydrium
39°21′52″N 22°17′01″E﻿ / ﻿39.364464°N 22.283492°E﻿ / 39.364464; 22.283492
Euhydrium or Euhydrion (Greek: Ευύδριον or Εὐύδριον) was a town in the district of Thessaliotis in ancient Thessaly.

During the Second Macedonian War, Livy mentions it as one of the cities devastated by Philip V of Macedon the year 198 BCE, together with Phacium, Iresiae, Eretria and Palaepharsalus, since he foresaw that the territory would soon fall into the hands of the Aetolian League and the Romans. Philip allowed the men who were able to follow him, but they were compelled to quit their homes and the towns were burnt. All the property they could carry with them they were allowed to take away, the rest became the booty for the soldiers.

The site of Euhydrium is at the modern village of Ktouri.

Ancient Thessaly
Thessaly or Thessalia (Attic Greek: Θεσσαλία, Thessalía or Θετταλία, Thettalía) was one of the traditional regions of Ancient Greece. During the Mycenaean period, Thessaly was known as Aeolia, a name that continued to be used for one of the major tribes of Greece, the Aeolians, and their dialect of Greek, Aeolic.
Metaltown
57°43′03″N 11°57′30″E﻿ / ﻿57.71751°N 11.95825°E﻿ / 57.71751; 11.95825
The Metaltown festival was a three-day festival featuring heavy metal bands, held in Gothenburg, Sweden. It was arranged annually from 2004 to 2013.

The original Metaltown venue was at Frihamnen, but was moved in 2011 to Göteborg Galopp close to Gothenburg City Airport. An indoor revival was held in 2016 at Trädgår'n. An attempted revival in 2020 to be held at Frihamnen was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Danko Jones
Danko Jones is a Canadian hard rock band formed in Toronto in 1996. The band consists of vocalist and guitarist Danko Jones, bassist John "JC" Calabrese and drummer Rich Knox, with Jones and Calabrese remaining the band's only continuous members. The band's musical style includes elements of hard rock and punk, and they are known for their extensive touring and high-energy live performances, which has earned them acclaim as one of the best live acts in rock music. Danko Jones has released eleven studio albums and been nominated for six Juno Awards.
Sandipan Das
Sandipan Das is an Indian First-class and List A cricketer currently playing for Bengal. He has played for them in 2012–13 Ranji Trophy and 2013 Vijay Hazare Trophy. He was a part of the 2012 World Cup winning squad of the India Under-19 cricket team. But, he failed to get a chance in the first XI there. Earlier, he had also played for the Cricket Association of Bengal XI.

Vijay Hazare Trophy
The Vijay Hazare Trophy is a cricket tournament played in India. It is administered by the Board of Control for Cricket in India and is contested by state and city teams in a league and playoff format. Along with the inter-zonal Deodhar Trophy, it forms the top level of List A cricket in the country, and is an important feeder tournament for selection in the Indian National Cricket Team. Matches consist of 50 overs per side, similar to One Day International matches. It was initially a zonal tournament, and became a national tournament in 2002. Vidarbha are the defending champions, after having won the 2025-26 edition.
Avutometinib
Avutometinib (INN; codenamed RO-5126766, CH-5126766, CKI-27, R-7304, RG-7304, and VS-6766 at various stages of its development) is an inhibitor of Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling being developed as a potential treatment for cancer.

It was discovered by Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. (a subsidiary of Roche) through derivatization of a hit compound identified by high-throughput screening. It was licensed by Verastem Oncology in 2020 for clinical trials.

The co-packaged medication avutometinib/defactinib was approved for medical use in the United States in May 2025.

Chugai Pharmaceutical Co.
Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (中外製薬株式会社, Chūgai Seiyaku kabushiki gaisha) is a drug manufacturer operating in Japan. It is a subsidiary controlled by Hoffmann-La Roche, which owns 62% of the company as of 30 June 2014.  The company is headquartered in Tokyo. Osamu Nagayama is the current representative director and chairman. Tatsuro Kosaka is the current representative director, president and CEO.
Christl Donnelly
Christl Ann Donnelly (born 1967) is an epidemiologist who was appointed professor of applied statistics at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of St Peter's College, Oxford. She is also professor of statistical epidemiology at Imperial College London. She is associate director of the MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis. Donnelly was Head of the Department of Statistics, University of Oxford from 2022 to 2025.

MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis
The MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis is research centre at Imperial College London and a WHO collaborating centre. It is part of the Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology at School of Public Health within the Imperial College Faculty of Medicine. Azra Ghani is the director of the centre. The centre also collaborates UK Health Protection Agency, and the US Centre for Disease Control. The centre's main research areas are disease outbreak analysis and modelling, vaccines, global health analytics, antimicrobial resistance, and developing methods and tools for studying these areas.
Oleksandr Dyachenko
Oleksandr Dyachenko (Ukrainian: Олександр Андрійович Дяченко; born 1 March 1994) is a Ukrainian former football goalkeeper who last played for FC Rukh Vynnyky in the Ukrainian First League.

Dyachenko is product of youth team systems of FC Dynamo and FC Metalist. Made his debut for FC Obolon-Brovar Kyiv entering as a player in game against FC Real Pharma Ovidiopol on 6 September 2013 in Ukrainian Second League.

In November 2013, Dyachenko was called up for Ukraine national football team under-20 by coach Volodymyr Horilyi for training process .

He retired at age 24 after the latest injury when he broke his leg.

FC Real Pharma Odesa
FC Real Pharma Odesa  is a professional Ukrainian football club from the city of Odesa. The "Pharma" portion of the name comes from pharmaceutical influences that are associated with the club's ownership as evident on the original logo which is in English rather than Ukrainian.

The team is currently playing Ukrainian Second League after competing in the Ukrainian Amateur championship. The club was formed in 2000.
Wieser
Wieser is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Frances Wieser (1868–1949), American scientific illustrator

Friedrich von Wieser (1851–1926), Austrian economist

Neesha Wieser (born 1986), New Zealand netball player

Roland Wieser (born 1956), East German racewalker

Sandro Wieser (born 1993), Liechtensteiner footballer

Matthäus Wieser (1617–1678), German songwriter

Al W. Wieser, Jr. (born 1949), American politician and businessman

Al W. Wieser Jr.
Al W. Wieser Jr. (born May 15, 1949) was an American politician and businessman.

Wieser lived in La Crescent, Minnesota with his family. Wieser went to the Houston County Public Schools. He graduated from Winona State University with a bachelor's degree in political science and economics. Wieser was an accountant and worked for Al's Concrete in La Crescent, Minnesota. Wieser served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1975 to 1983. Elected as a Democrat in 1974, he switched political parties and became a Republican in August 1977.
Cammoro
Cammoro is a frazione of the comune of Sellano, in the province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy.

At an elevation of 958 m, Cammoro is a medieval burgh (known at the times as Castrum Cammori) located on the same name mount, between Foligno, Spoleto and Norcia. In 2001 it had 17 inhabitants, much of the population having fled after the earthquake of September 26, 1997.

The burgh has a castle built across the 13th-14th centuries. Within the castle, there is the hanging church of Santa Maria Novella. Additionally, there is the Romanesque church of San Paterniano.

Santa Maria Novella

Madonna del Rosario

Santa Lucia

Province of Perugia
The province of Perugia (Italian: provincia di Perugia) is the larger of the two provinces in the Umbria region of Italy, comprising two-thirds of both the area and population of the region. Its capital is the city of Perugia. The province covered all of Umbria until 1927, when the province of Terni was carved out of its southern third. The province of Perugia has an area of 6,337 km2 and a total population of 636,531 as of 2025, covering about two-thirds of Umbria. It has 59 municipalities.

The province has numerous tourist attractions, especially artistic and historical ones, and is home to the Lake Trasimeno, the largest lake of Central Italy. It is historically the ancestral origin of the Umbri, while later it was a Roman province and then part of the Papal States until the late 19th century.
Table tennis at the 2004 Summer Paralympics – Men's team – Class 8
The Men's Teams 8 table tennis competition at the 2004 Summer Paralympics was held 23–27 September 2004 at the Galatsi Olympic Hall.

Classes 6–10 were for athletes with a physical impairment who competed from a standing position; the lower the number, the greater the impact the impairment had on an athlete’s ability to compete.

The event was won by the team representing  Belgium.

Belgium at the 2004 Summer Paralympics
Belgium competed at the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens, Greece. The team included 25 athletes, 24 men and one woman. Competitors from Belgium won 7 medals, including 3 gold, 2 silver and 2 bronze to finish 36th in the medal table.
Poitiers Basket 86
Poitiers Basket 86, also known as PB86 or simply Poitiers, are a French professional basketball team located in the city of Poitiers, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, France. It competes in the French Pro B league. The club's home games are played at Salle de Saint-Eloi except for several matches played at Les Arênes. The players wear white and blue uniforms.

Élite 2 (basketball)
The Élite 2 is the second-tier level men's professional basketball league in France. It is the second division of the Ligue Nationale de Basket (LNB), which has organized the league since the year 1987. The regular season champion and the winner of the promotion playoffs from each Élite 2 season are promoted to the top-tier level LNB Élite, replaced by the bottom two teams in LNB Élite. The two last placed teams are relegated to the third level, which is the NM1.