hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Breve
A breve (/ˈbriːv/ ⓘ BREEV, less often /ˈbrɛv/ ⓘ BREV, neuter form of the Latin brevis "short, brief") is the diacritic mark ◌̆, shaped like the bottom half of a circle. As used in Ancient Greek, it is also called brachy, βραχύ. It resembles the caron (◌̌, the wedge or háček in Czech, mäkčeň in Slovak) but is rounded, in contrast to the angular tip of the caron. In many forms of Latin, ◌̆ is used for a shorter, softer variant of a vowel, such as "Ĭ", where the sound is nearly identical to the English /i/. (See: Latin IPA)

Grammatical gender
In linguistics, a grammatical gender system is a specific form of a noun class system, where nouns are assigned to gender categories that are often not related to the real-world qualities of the entities denoted by those nouns. In languages with grammatical gender, most or all nouns inherently carry one value of the grammatical category called gender. The values present in a given language, of which there are usually two or three, are called the genders of that language. Determiners, adjectives, and pronouns also change their form depending on the noun to which they refer.

According to one estimate, gender is used in approximately half of the world's languages.
Achille Manzotti
Achille Manzotti (10 November 1943 –  20 July 2007) was an Italian television and film producer.

Born in Fara Gera d'Adda, after some experiences as a musician, in the 1970s Manzotti moved to Milan where he became manager of a number of local comedians. Thanks to the friendship with the actor Renato Pozzetto, after becoming his agent he started to produce his films, starting from Luna di miele in tre (1976).

Initially specialized in comedies, from the late 1970s he also produced numerous art films directed by Nanni Moretti, Alberto Lattuada, Luigi Comencini, Volker Schlöndorff, among others. In the 1990s he mainly focused his activities on producing TV-series.

Luigi Comencini
Luigi Comencini (Italian: [luˈiːdʒi komenˈtʃiːni]; 8 June 1916 – 6 April 2007) was an Italian film director. Together with Dino Risi, Ettore Scola, and Mario Monicelli, he was considered among the masters of the "commedia all'italiana" genre.

His daughters Cristina and Francesca are both film directors.
Aroideae
Aroideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is the largest subfamily in Araceae and consists of about 72 genera, and 2,300 species. Many Aroideae have spiny pollen grains without a sporopollenin outer exine layer and lacking an aperture.

Araceae
The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe (or leaf-like bract). Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 114 genera and about 3,750 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.
Duke of Híjar
Duke of Híjar (Spanish: Duque de Híjar) is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee and granted in 1483 by Ferdinand II to Juan Fernández de Híjar, Lord of Híjar (of the House of Fernández de Híjar), and later also Duke of Lécera and Aliaga.

Híjar
Híjar is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. In 2023 the municipality had a population of 1,797 inhabitants.

The town is noted for the well-preserved, 15th century Synagogue, and for the Gothic-Mudejar church of Santa María la Mayor.
Pontifex (project)
PONTIFEX (Planning Of Non-specific Transportation by an Intelligent Fleet EXpert) was a mid-1980s project that introduced a novel approach to complex aircraft fleet scheduling, partially funded by the European Commission's Strategic Programme for R&D in Information Technology.

Since the mathematical problems stemming from nontrivial fleet scheduling easily become computationally unsolvable, the PONTIFEX idea consisted in a seamless merge of algorithms and heuristic knowledge embedded in rules. The system, based on domain knowledge collected from airliners Alitalia, KLM, Swissair, and TAP Portugal, was first adopted by Swissair and Alitalia in the late 1980s, then also by the Italian railroad national operator, for their cargo division. It was still in use as of 2008.

Heuristic
A heuristic or heuristic technique (problem solving, mental shortcut, rule of thumb) is any approach to problem solving that employs a pragmatic method that is not fully optimized, perfected, or rationalized, but is nevertheless "good enough" as an approximation or attribute substitution. Where finding an optimal solution is impossible or impractical, heuristic methods can be used to speed up the process of finding a satisfactory solution. Heuristics can be mental shortcuts that ease the cognitive load of making a decision.

Heuristic reasoning is often based on induction, or on analogy ... Induction is the process of discovering general laws ... Induction tries to find regularity and coherence ... Its most conspicuous instruments are generalization, specialization, analogy. [...] Heuristic discusses human behavior in the face of problems [... that have been] preserved in the wisdom of proverbs.
EDX Markets
EDX Markets is an institutional cryptocurrency exchange. Backed by several prominent trading firms—including Citadel Securities, Fidelity Digital Assets, Charles Schwab Corporation, Virtu Financial, Sequoia Capital, HRT Technology and Miami International Holdings—EDX Markets offers trading in over 60 instruments, from leading products like Bitcoin and Ethereum to memecoins like Dogecoin and Shiba Inu. The firm seeks to incorporate best practices from high finance into the digital asset landscape.

EDX offers a non-custodial model, meaning that it does not hold clients' digital assets. The exchange began processing trades in June 2023.

Miami International Holdings
Miami International Holdings, Inc. (MIH), trading as MIAX, is an American company formed in 2007 that operates global financial exchanges and execution services.

The company owns several U.S. exchanges for equities, equity options, and commodities. These include the MIAX Exchange Group — which is composed of MIAX, MIAX Pearl, MIAX Pearl Equities, MIAX Emerald, and MIAX Sapphire — and the Minneapolis Grain Exchange (MGEX). It also owns the Bermuda Stock Exchange and Dorman Trading, a Futures Commission Merchant. MIH also has a subsidiary, Miami International Technologies, which is focused on the sale and licensing of trading technology developed by MIAX Exchange Group.

The firm is also the owner of LedgerX, the first-ever approved exchange and clearinghouse for derivatives contracts in digital currencies in the U.S.

Despite its name, MIH is headquartered in Princeton, New Jersey.
KK Borac Čačak
Košarkaški klub Borac Čačak (Serbian Cyrillic: Кошаркашки клуб Борац Чачак), commonly referred to as KK Borac Čačak  or as Borac Mozzart due to sponsorship reasons, is a men's professional basketball club based in Čačak, Serbia. The club plays in the Adriatic League and the Basketball League of Serbia. Their home arena is the Borac Hall.

First Federal Basketball League
The First Federal Basketball League (Serbo-Croatian: Prva savezna košarkaška liga) was the highest tier level men's professional club basketball competition in the former country of SFR Yugoslavia. Founded in 1945, and folded in 1992 (1991–92 Winer Broker YUBA League), it was run by the Basketball Federation of Yugoslavia. With a total of 16 European-wide trophy winners and 11 finalists, the Yugoslav First Basketball League was one of the strongest European national domestic basketball leagues of all time.

Although each of the former Yugoslav countries now have their own national domestic leagues, the six nations also now take part in the ABA League (commonly known as the Adriatic League), which was founded in 2001; and which is, the closest basketball league in existence today, that is similar to the former Yugoslav First Federal Basketball League.
Mount Yao (Lushan County)
Mount Yao (Chinese: 尧山; pinyin: Yáo Shān), formerly Mount Shiren (Chinese: 石人山), is located in west of Pingdingshan, Henan Province.  It lies east of the Funiu Mountains.  It stands in the middle area of inner land, near to the National Way  311, 207, close to the Zhijiao Railway. The Spring Temple Buddha is in this mountain.

In ancient times, this mount was named "Mount Rao" and recognized as the source place of "Liu", the family name that has large population in China.  Mozi, the famous thinker in China, used live in this mountain; now his home is still remaining there. The mountain had been renamed Shiren since the 1950s and was changed back to the original name Yao in 2008.

Spring Temple Buddha
The Zhongyuan Buddha (Chinese: 中原大佛; pinyin: zhōngyuán dàfó; lit. 'Big Buddha of the Great Plains' and simplified Chinese: 鲁山大佛; traditional Chinese: 魯山大佛; pinyin: Lǔshān dàfó) or better known in English as the Spring Temple Buddha is a colossal statue depicting Vairocana Buddha located in Foquan Temple (Chinese: 佛泉寺; pinyin: fó quán sì; lit. 'Buddha Natural-Spring Temple') in the Zhaocun township of Lushan County, Henan, China, built between 1997 and 2008. It is located within the Fodushan Scenic Area, close to National Freeway 311. At 128 metres (420 ft), excluding a 25 metres (82 ft) lotus throne, it is the second-tallest statue in the world after the Statue of Unity in Gujarat, India, which surpassed it in 2018 with a height of 182 metres (597 ft).
Yellabinna, South Australia
Yellabinna is a locality in the Australian state of South Australia located to the north of the town of Ceduna in the western part of the state.

The locality was established on 26 April 2013 in respect to “the long established local name.”  Its name is derived from the use of “Yellabinna” in the names of the Yellabinna Regional Reserve and the Yellabinna Wilderness Protection Area.

Yellabinna is located within the federal Division of Grey, the state electoral districts of Flinders and Giles, and the Pastoral Unincorporated Area of South Australia.

The land use within Yellabinna is mainly concerned with the following protected areas - the Boondina Conservation Park, the Yellabinna Regional Reserve and the Yellabinna Wilderness Protection Area, although the extraction of heavy mineral sands is underway as of 2013 by Iluka Resources at the Jacinth-Ambrosia Mine in the west of the locality.

Outback Communities Authority
The Outback Communities Authority (OCA) is a statutory authority in South Australia (SA) created under the Outback Communities (Administration and Management) Act 2009. It has been established to "manage the provision of public services and facilities to outback communities" which are widely dispersed across the Pastoral Unincorporated Area which covers almost 60% of South Australia's land area. The authority has its seat at both Port Augusta which is located outside the unincorporated area and at Andamooka. The authority serves an area of 624,339 square kilometres (241,059 square miles), slightly smaller than France. The area has a population of 3,750, of whom 639 are Indigenous Australians, and includes several large pastoral leases and mining operations.

The authority's area of responsibility does not include Aboriginal Local Government Areas, the largest of which are Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara in the northwest of SA and Maralinga Tjarutja in the west of SA.
Nobody's Girl (Tate McRae song)
"Nobody's Girl" is a song by Canadian singer Tate McRae. It impacted Italian radio on November 28, 2025, through Sony Music Italy, as the lead single from the deluxe edition of her third studio album So Close to What (2025). The song was written by McRae herself, Emile Haynie, Ryan Tedder and Amy Allen and produced by Haynie and Tedder.

Emile Haynie
Emile Haynie (born July 13, 1980), often credited simply as Emile, is an American record producer. Born and raised in Buffalo, New York, his range of production includes alternative rock, hip hop, indie and pop music. Haynie has worked with several prominent artists in the music industry including Kanye West, Kid Cudi, Eminem, Lana Del Rey, Bruno Mars, Linkin Park, FKA Twigs, Florence Welch and Camila Cabello, The Neighbourhood among others. Additionally, Haynie received two Grammy Awards for his work with English singer Adele, namely Album of the Year for the diamond certified 25 as well as Record of the Year for "Hello".
1960 United States Senate special election in Missouri
The 1960 United States Senate special election in Missouri took place on November 8, 1960, in Missouri. The incumbent Democratic Senator, Thomas C. Hennings Jr., had died on September 13, 1960. Edward V. Long, the incumbent Lieutenant Governor of Missouri, was appointed to the seat on September 23, 1960, and won the special election. He defeated Republican nominee Lon Hocker, winning 53.2% of the vote. Long outperformed Democratic presidential nominee John F. Kennedy, who won 50.3% in Missouri in the presidential election.

Thomas C. Hennings Jr.
Thomas Carey Hennings Jr. (June 25, 1903 – September 13, 1960) was an American political figure from Missouri. He was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives (from 1935 until 1940) and the United States Senate (from 1951 until 1960).
Simonet
Simonet is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Denis Simonet (b. 1985), Swiss politician and president of the Pirate Party Switzerland

Diego Simonet (born 1989), Argentine handball player

Enrique Simonet (1866–1927), Spanish painter

François Simonet de Coulmier (1741–1818), also known as Abbé de Coulmier

Henri Simonet  (1931–1996), Belgian politician

Jacques Simonet (1963–2007), Belgian politician

Jacques André Simonet (1941-2022), French actor, best known as Jacques Perrin

Max Simonet, American talk show host of FishCenter Live

Pablo Simonet (born 1992), Argentine handball player

Sebastián Simonet (born 1986), Argentine handball player

Sebastián Simonet
Sebastián Alejandro Simonet Moldes (born 12 May 1986) is an Argentine handball player for Ademar León and the Argentina men's national handball team.

He defended Argentina at the 2012 London Summer Olympics, along with his younger brother Diego, and the 2015 World Men's Handball Championship in Qatar.

Two of his brothers, Pablo and Diego, have defended Argentina at handball Olympic and World Championship competitions.
William Gallagher (politician)
William James Gallagher (May 13, 1875 – August 13, 1946) was a representative to the U.S. Congress from Minnesota; born in Minneapolis, Hennepin County, Minnesota; attended the public schools, and was graduated from North High School in 1894; engaged as an editorial employee and proofreader in Minneapolis, MN, in 1895 and 1896; moved to Spokane, Washington, in 1897 and continued his former pursuits with a labor journal until 1899; returned to Minneapolis, and engaged as a trucker and clerk in freight houses until 1919; employed as a street sweeper for Hennepin County 1919–1927 and for the city of Minneapolis, from 1927 until his retirement in 1942; was elected as a Democrat to the 79th congress, and served from January 3, 1945, until his death; had been renominated to the 80th congress in 1946; died in a hospital at Rochester, Minnesota, August 13, 1946; interment in Crystal Lake Cemetery, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Crystal Lake Cemetery
Crystal Lake Masonic Cemetery, located in Corvallis, Benton County, Oregon, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places in June 2004. It is a burial ground that provides Corvallis residents with funeral and burial services. Although the tombs found at Crystal Lake Cemetery are not the oldest ones in Benton County, it is said that Crystal Lake Cemetery is one of the oldest cemetery in continuous use. Memorial Day services have been offered by it for about 60 years. The Corvallis American Legion Post 11 and the Corvallis Veterans of Foreign Wars Post 640 now sponsored the activity near the Civil War monument.
Stawki Żytniowskie
Stawki Żytniowskie [ˈstafki ʐɨtˈɲɔfskʲɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rudniki, within Olesno County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Before 2023, the settlement was part of the Żurawie colony.

Olesno County
Olesno County (Polish: powiat oleski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Olesno, which lies 42 kilometres (26 mi) north-east of the regional capital Opole. The county contains three other towns: Praszka, 20 km (12 mi) north of Olesno, Dobrodzień, 17 km (11 mi) south of Olesno, and Gorzów Śląski, 18 km (11 mi) north of Olesno.

The county covers an area of 973.62 square kilometres (375.9 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 64,411. The most populated towns are Olesno with 9,374 inhabitants and Praszka with 7,655 inhabitants.
Guṇabhadra (Buddhist monk)
Gunabhadra (394–468; Sanskrit: गुणभद्र, simplified Chinese: 求那跋陀罗; traditional Chinese: 求那跋陀羅; pinyin: Qiúnàbátuóluó; Wade–Giles: Ch'iu-na-pa-t'o-lo) was a monk and translator of Mahayana Buddhism from Magadha, Central India. His biography is contained in the work of a Chinese monk called Sengyou entitled Chu sanzang ji ji.

Sengyou
Sengyou (Chinese: 僧祐; pinyin: Sēngyòu; 445–518 AD) was a Buddhist monk and early medieval Chinese bibliographer and noted chiefly for being the author of Collected Records Concerning the Tripitaka (出三藏記集 Chu sanzang ji ji, T 2145), which includes a catalogue of Buddhist texts translated into Chinese, and the Collection on the Propagation and Clarification of Buddhism (弘明集 Hong Ming Ji, T 2102)

Sengyou's ancestral home was Xiapi in Pengcheng Commandery (northwest of modern Suining, Jiangsu). However, his father moved to Jiankang (建康), where he was born. His secular name was Yu. As a young boy he practiced devotions at Jianchu Monastery. At 14, rather than acquiesce to an arranged marriage, he took novice vows and entered Dinglin Monastery, Zhongshan in Jiankang. He was ordained as a bhikkhu aged 20 and received instruction in Vinaya by Faying (d.480). He became renown as a master of the Vinaya.
Wiewiórki, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Wiewiórki [vjɛˈvjurki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Górowo Iławeckie, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) east of Górowo Iławeckie, 16 km (10 mi) west of Bartoszyce, and 55 km (34 mi) north of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Bartoszyce County
Bartoszyce County (Polish: powiat bartoszycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Bartoszyce, which lies 56 kilometres (35 mi) north of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county contains three other towns: Górowo Iławeckie, 21 km (13 mi) west of Bartoszyce, Bisztynek, 22 km (14 mi) south of Bartoszyce, and Sępopol, 14 km (9 mi) east of Bartoszyce.

The county covers an area of 1,308.54 square kilometres (505.2 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 57,642, out of which the population of Bartoszyce is 23,482, that of Górowo Iławeckie is 3,951, that of Bisztynek is 2,370, that of Sępopol is 1,958, and the rural population is 25,881.
Drude (crater)
Drude is a lunar impact crater that lies on the far side of the Moon, in the rugged Montes Cordillera range that forms the outer ring around the Mare Orientale impact basin. It is located just behind the west-southwest limb, and this area is sometimes brought into sight from Earth during favorable librations. However, even at such times, the crater is viewed from the edge and little detail can be seen.

This is a circular crater with a relatively sharp edge, sloping inner walls and a fairly level interior. It has not been significantly eroded, and is generally unremarkable. The nearest craters of note are Graff to the south-southeast and Focas to the north-northwest. The surrounding area is of note for the tumultuous terrain created by the ejecta from Mare Imbrium.

The satellite crater formerly known as Drude S was renamed Heyrovský by the IAU.

This crater lies north of the Mendel-Rydberg Basin, a 630 km wide impact basin of Nectarian age.

Ejecta
Ejecta (Latin for 'things thrown out'; sing. ejectum) are particles ejected from an area. In volcanology, in particular, the term refers to particles including pyroclastic materials (tephra) that came out of a volcanic explosion and magma eruption volcanic vent, or crater, has traveled through the air or water, and fell back to the ground surface or ocean floor.
Taikkyi District
Taikkyi Township (Burmese: တိုက်ကြီး မြို့နယ် [taɪʔtɕí mjo̰nɛ̀]) is the northernmost township of Yangon Region and the only township of Taikkyi District (Burmese: တိုက်ကြီးခရိုင်). The township was split off from North Yangon District on 30 April 2022 to form its own district.

The township has 3 towns- the principal town of Taikkyi as well as Oakkan and Aphauk which altogether have 20 urban wards. The rural portion of the township has 476 villages grouped into 75 village tracts.

Taikkyi grew due to its location on the Yangon-Pyay railway. Outside of the town of Taikkyi, the township has the Gyobyu Reservoir (capacity of 27 million gallons), which is one of major reservoices providing the water supply the city of Yangon. Near the reservoir is the natural Phugyi Lake (capacity of 54 million gallons, which forms part of the city's reservoir system. Myaing Hay Wun Elephant Park is also in this township.

Township
A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries.

Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canada, Scotland, and parts of the United States, the term refers to settlements too small or scattered to be considered urban.
Elizabeth Hamilton (fencer)
Elizabeth Florence Hamilton (née Robson, later Hale; August 10, 1918 – January 30, 2011) was a Canadian fencer. She competed in the women's individual foil event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

Born and raised in Montreal, she was a daughter of Alfred Atkinson and Maud Robson; her father was killed in a 1921 workplace accident at the National Drug Company in which a boiler exploded. In 1943, she married future politician William McLean Hamilton, the son of Ernie Hamilton, who competed in lacrosse for Canada at the 1908 Summer Olympics. She later married F. Earle Hale around 1953 and attended McGill University to earn a Master of Library Science degree after which she worked as a librarian in Montreal. She moved to Lethbridge, Alberta in 1999 and died there in 2011 at the age of 92.

Foil (fencing)
A foil is one of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. It is a flexible weapon of total length 110 cm (43 in) or under, rectangular in cross section, weighing under 500 g (18 oz), with a blunt tip. As with the épée, points are only scored by making contact with the tip. The foil is the most commonly used weapon in fencing.