hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nathanael G. Pendleton
Nathanael Greene Pendleton (August 25, 1793 – June 16, 1861) was a U.S. representative from Ohio, and the father of George Hunt Pendleton.

Born in Savannah, Georgia, August 25, 1793, he moved to New York City with his parents (Nathaniel Pendleton and Susan Bard Pendleton). Pendleton was graduated from Columbia College at New York City in 1813.
He studied law and was admitted to the bar.
He served in the War of 1812.
He moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1818 and practiced law.
He served as a member of the State senate 1825–1827.

Pendleton was elected as a Whig to the Twenty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1841 – March 3, 1843).
He did not seek renomination in 1842.
He died in Cincinnati, Ohio, June 16, 1861.
He was interred in Spring Grove Cemetery.

His great-granddaughter Nathalie Schenck Laimbeer was a pioneering woman banker in New York in the 1910s and 1920s.

Columbia College, Columbia University
Columbia College is the oldest undergraduate college of Columbia University, a private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhattan, it is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York and the fifth oldest in the United States.

Columbia was established as a colonial college by royal charter under George II of Great Britain. It was renamed Columbia College in 1784 following the American Revolution, and in 1787 was placed under a private board of trustees headed by alumni Alexander Hamilton and John Jay.

Columbia College is distinctive for its comprehensive Core Curriculum and is among the most selective of American colleges, with an admission rate of 3.85% in 2024.
Sea Tigers
The Sea Tigers (Tamil: கடற்புலிகள் Kaţaṛpulikaḷ) was the naval wing of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) during the Sri Lankan Civil War. It was founded in 1984. The Sea Tigers had a number of small but effective suicide bomber vessels. During its existence it had gained a reputation as a capable adversary for the Sri Lankan Navy. During the civil war, the Sea Tigers had sunk at least 29 Sri Lankan small inshore patrol boats, 20 Dvora-class fast patrol boats, 3 gunboats, 2 large surveillance command ships, and one freighter.

The Sea Tigers were led by Soosai, with their main base at Mullaitivu, on the north-eastern coast of Sri Lanka. Their last base was taken when the Sri Lanka Army captured Chalai in Mullaitivu in February 2009.

Roll-on/roll-off
Roll-on/roll-off (RORO or ro-ro) ships are cargo ships designed to carry wheeled cargo, such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, semi-trailer trucks, buses, trailers, and railroad cars, that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels or using a platform vehicle, such as a self-propelled modular transporter. This is in contrast to lift-on/lift-off (LoLo) vessels, which use a crane to load and unload cargo.

RORO vessels have either built-in or shore-based ramps or ferry slips that allow the cargo to be efficiently rolled on and off the vessel when in port. While smaller ferries that operate across rivers and other short distances often have built-in ramps, the term RORO is generally reserved for large seagoing vessels. The ramps and doors may be located in the stern, bow, or sides, or any combination thereof.
Mara Sedini
Mara Sedini Viancos (born 1 April 1985) is a Chilean actress, journalist, singer, and television personality. She also contributes to political writing and columns on current affairs.

In her artistic facet, she has performed musical works in events such as the Olmué Festival.

She has also become known for her political activism linked to the Chilean right, standing out as the face and director of public affairs for the think tank, Fundación para el Progreso (FPP), as well as a regular panelist on the debate show Sin filtros.

Sedini has taught at institutions such as Gabriela Mistral University (UGM), in addition to being a lecturer at the FPP.

Gabriela Mistral University
Gabriela Mistral University (Spanish: Universidad Gabriela Mistral) is a privately funded university in Santiago, Chile.

Waldo L. Parra, the author of the national bestseller Masones & Libertadores teaches law at this university.
Kłoniczki
Kłoniczki [kwɔˈnit͡ʂki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lututów, within Wieruszów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south-east of Lututów, 25 km (16 mi) east of Wieruszów, and 84 km (52 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieruszów County
Wieruszów County (Polish: powiat wieruszowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Wieruszów, which lies 106 kilometres (66 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 576.22 square kilometres (222.5 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 42,336, out of which the population of Wieruszów is 8,759 and the rural population is 33,577.
Tun Sakaran Marine Park
Tun Sakaran Marine Park, also known as Semporna Islands Park, is a marine park located off the east coast of Sabah, Malaysia. It consists of the islands of Bodgaya, Boheydulang, Sebangkat, and Salakan, the sand cays of Maiga, Sibuan, and Mantabuan, and the patch reefs of Church and Kapikan. In 2004, the park became the seventh gazetted area under Sabah Parks with a total area of 350 km2. There are approximately 2,000 people living within the park, most of whom consist of the nomadic Bajau Laut (Sea Gypsies) people, who live in stilt houses and houseboats in and around the marine park. To this day, out of the eight islands, there is only one island (Sebangkat) that has an owner and legal grant holder after the gazetting in 2004.

Stilt house
Stilt houses, (also known as pile or lake dwellings) are structures elevated on stilts above the ground or water body. They are primarily built to protect against flooding; and to keep out vermin. The shaded area beneath the house is often used for work or storage. Such dwellings are common across Southeast Asia, Oceania, Central America, the Caribbean, northern parts of South America, the Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives.
Dolenja Vas pri Polhovem Gradcu
Dolenja Vas pri Polhovem Gradcu (pronounced [dɔˈleːnja ˈʋaːs pɾi ˈpou̯ːxoʋɛm ˈɡɾaːtsu]; Slovene: Dolenja vas pri Polhovem Gradcu, German: Niederdorf) is a small village east of Polhov Gradec in the Municipality of Dobrova–Polhov Gradec in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Upper Carniola
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

Upper Carniola (Slovene: Gorenjska pronounced [ɡɔˈɾèːnska]; Italian: Alta Carniola; German: Oberkrain) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the northern mountainous part of the larger Carniola region. The largest town in the region is Kranj, and other urban centers include Kamnik, Jesenice, Domžale and Škofja Loka. It has around 300,000 inhabitants or 14% of the population of Slovenia.
Jordanne Jones
Jordanne Jones (born 7 August 2000) is an Irish actress. She began her career as a child actress, earning a Dublin Film Critics' Circle Award as well as an IFTA nomination for her debut film role in Frank Berry's I Used to Live Here.

In 2016 and 2019, she played Minnie Mahon in the RTÉ One miniseries Rebellion and Resistance. Her lead performance in Metal Heart earned her the Bingham Ray award for Best Newcomer at the Galway Film Fleadh in 2018. She was named one of Screen International's 2019 Stars of Tomorrow.

She appeared in short films for spoken word artist and actor Emmet Kirwan, and musicians Dermot Kennedy and Lilla Vargen. She presented an award alongside actor Robert Sheehan.

Frank Berry (director)
Frank Berry  is an Irish film director and screenwriter, known for his social realist dramas focused on marginalised characters. He directed the films Ballymun Lullaby (2011), I Used to Live Here (2014), Michael Inside (2017), and Aisha (2022).
Maireana georgei
Maireana georgei, commonly known as slit-wing bluebush or satiny bluebush, is a flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae and is endemic to Australia. It is a grey-green perennial shrub with woolly branches and small flowers.

Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae (/ˌæmərænˈθeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ AM-ər-an-THAY-see-ee, -⁠eye) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus Amaranthus. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales.
Gujarat Literature Festival
The Gujarat Literature Festival (abbreviated as GLF), also known as Gujarati Sahitya Mahotsav, is a literary festival which takes place annually in the Indian city Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The festival is held generally in December–January.

The main aim of the festival is to promote and popularize Gujarati literature through the method of debates, discussions, and workshops. The festival was founded by Shyam Parekh, Samkit Shah, and Jumana Shah. Other members of the festival includes Paras Jha, filmmaker Abhishek Jain, writer Raam Mori, and poet Rajendra Patel. Started with philosophy that literature is not bound between the covers of book, GLF brings together multiple forms of narratives including theatre, screenplay, documentary films, music, journalism, social media, and oral tradition.

Gujarati literature
The history of Gujarati literature (Gujarati: ગુજરાતી સાહિત્ય, romanized: Gujarātī sāhitya) may be traced to 1000 AD, and this literature has flourished since then to the present. It is unique in having almost no patronage from a ruling dynasty, other than its composers.

Gujarat Vidhya Sabha, Gujarat Sahitya Sabha, Gujarat Sahitya Akademi and Gujarati Sahitya Parishad are Gujarat-based literary institutions promoting the Gujarati literature.
Gijs van Heumen
Gijs van Heumen (born 23 July 1952) is a retired field hockey coach from the Netherlands. He was in charge of the Dutch National Women's Team from 1980 to 1989, bringing it to one Olympic (1984), two world (1983 and 1986) and two European titles (1984 and 1987); the 1980 Games were boycotted by the Netherlands, whereas in 1988 the women's team won bronze.

Van Heumen's father Wim coached the national men's field hockey team between 1975 and 1986. His innovations to Dutch hockey, such as using artificial grass and combining plays on grass in summer and indoors in winter, were followed by his son. Furthermore, Gijs intensified physical training of the team and almost doubled its daily training time.

After voluntarily stepping out as national coach, between 1993 and 1997 van Heumen worked as a technical director of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Hockey Bond. He later coached  Oranje Zwart, HC 's-Hertogenbosch and HC Rotterdam (2004–2008).

HC 's-Hertogenbosch
Hockeyclub 's-Hertogenbosch, also known as Den Bosch, is a Dutch professional field hockey club based in 's-Hertogenbosch, North Brabant. It was founded on 14 July 1937.

The first teams (men and women) both compete on the highest level of the Dutch field hockey league, the Hoofdklasse. HC 's-Hertogenbosch won the title in 1998 and 2001. The women's team reign since 1998, winning a record number of nineteen titles in 21 years since then.
World Radio Missionary Fellowship, Inc.
World Radio Missionary Fellowship, Inc., also known as Reach Beyond (formerly HCJB Global), is a corporate entity and nonprofit, noncommercial, interdenominational worldwide missionary organization with headquarters in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

Lance Latham
Lance Brenton Latham (1894–1985), was a prominent preacher, evangelist, youth minister, and musician in the early to mid-20th century in Chicago, Illinois.  He was known to many familiar with his ministry as "Doc," and his wife Virginia was known as "Teach."
Triplicane Assembly constituency
Triplicane was the legislative Assembly constituency, that included the city of Triplicane. Triplicane Assembly constituency was part of Chennai South Lok Sabha constituency. After the constituency delimitation of 2008, this constituency has been merged into the newly-formed Chepauk-Thiruvallikeni Assembly constituency.

Chepauk-Thiruvallikeni Assembly constituency
Chepauk-Thiruvallikeni State Assembly constituency (Tamil: சேப்பாக்கம்-திருவல்லிக்கேணி சட்டமன்றத் தொகுதி) is one of the 234 state legislative assembly constituencies in Tamil Nadu in southern India. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 19. It is also one of the six state legislative assembly constituencies included in Chennai Central Lok Sabha constituency.
Robert Moore Peile
Robert Moore Peile (c.1760s - 4 February 1858) was the president of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) in 1798 and 1816.

In 1809, Peile graduated M.D. from St. Andrew's University. In 1790, he was appointed as a surgeon to the House of Industry Hospitals and continued in office for more than half a century. He was a consulting surgeon at Steevens' Hospital. In 1795, he was appointed as 'Surgeon to the Hospitals' for the forces serving in Ireland.

In 1803, he was promoted to be a Deputy-Inspector and in 1847 he retired with the rank of Inspector-General. In Ireland, Peile was noted as the inventor of a lithotome, which limited and rendered incisions more facile in lithotomy procedures.

House of Industry (Dublin)
The House of Industry was a workhouse in Dublin, Ireland which existed from its establishment by an act of Parliament in 1703, "for the employment and maintaining the poor thereof".

From 1729 the House of Industry also incorporated the foundling hospital.
Jordy Zuidam
Jordy Zuidam (born 8 July 1980) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

Zuidam was born in Utrecht.  During his football career, he played for FC Utrecht, Go Ahead Eagles and FC Zwolle, before he started playing for Katwijk in the Dutch Topklasse. In May 2013, Zuidam stopped playing football and started a new career as head scouting for his former team FC Utrecht.

VV Katwijk
Voetbal Vereniging Katwijk (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkɑtʋɛik] ⓘ) is a Dutch association football club based in the town of Katwijk. Founded in 1939, the team competes in the Tweede Divisie, the third tier of the Dutch football league system. Katwijk plays its home games at Sportpark De Krom, which has a capacity of 6,000.

Katwijk is one of the most successful amateur football clubs in the Netherlands in recent decades, winning seven championships of the top amateur division of the Netherlands between 1993 and 2023.
2000 US Open – Mixed doubles
The 2000 US Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the USTA National Tennis Center in New York City in New York in the United States. It was the 120th edition of the US Open and was held from 28 August through 10 September 2000.

Ai Sugiyama and Mahesh Bhupathi were the defending champions, but lost in first round to Karina Habšudová and David Rikl.

Arantxa Sánchez Vicario and Jared Palmer won the title, defeating Anna Kournikova and Max Mirnyi in the final 6–4, 6–3.

Mahesh Bhupathi
Mahesh Shrinivas Bhupathi (born 7 June 1974) is an Indian former doubles world No. 1 tennis player. In 1997, he became the first Indian to win a major tournament (with Rika Hiraki). With his win at the 2006 Australian Open mixed doubles, he joined the elite group of eight tennis players who have achieved a career Grand Slam in mixed doubles. He is also the founder of International Premier Tennis League. In December 2016, Bhupathi was appointed as India's next non-playing Davis Cup captain and took over the reins from Anand Amritraj in February 2017.
Adrianus Mooy
Adrianus Mooy (born 10 April 1936) is an Indonesian economist and diplomat. He held the office of Governor of Bank of Indonesia, serving the role from 1988 to 1993 during Soeharto's reign.

He served as Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) in 1995—2000. He studied at Gadjah Mada University and University of Wisconsin. From 1993 to 1995, he was appointed as Ambassador of Indonesia to Belgium. He also held the post of the Rector of Pelita Harapan University Surabaya from 2010 until 2018.

On 13 May 2014, he was awarded an honorary doctorate from Corban University in Oregon in the United States.

Bank Indonesia
Bank Indonesia (BI) is the central bank of the Republic of Indonesia. It replaced in 1953 the Bank of Java (Dutch: De Javasche Bank), which had been created in 1828 to serve the financial needs of the Dutch East Indies.
Tabasalu JK
Tabasalu Jalgpalliklubi was an Estonian football club based in Tabasalu. The club was founded in 1999. The team last played in the II Liiga, the third highest level of Estonian football. The team was dissolved in 2013, and a new team, JK Tabasalu, was created.

JK Tabasalu
Jalgpalliklubi Tabasalu, commonly known as Tabasalu, is an Estonian football club based in Tabasalu, Harku Parish. The club competes in Esiliiga, the second tier of Estonian football. Tabasalu's home ground is Tabasalu Arena.
Jenner (mountain)
The Jenner (German pronunciation: [ˈjɛnɐ]) is a mountain in Bavaria, Germany. It is part of the Göll massif within the Berchtesgaden Alps. Its summit, accessible from Schönau by cable car (Jennerbahn) since 1953, offers panoramic views to the Watzmann range  and the Königssee below.

Several hiking trails lead to the neighbouring Hohes Brett and Schneibstein peaks, and into the Berchtesgaden National Park area in the south. The mountain is also the site of an Alpine ski resort and destination for ski mountaineers.

In 2024, the decision was made to close skiing on the mountain in response to reduced demand.

Ski mountaineering
Ski mountaineering (abbreviated to skimo) is a skiing discipline that involves climbing mountains either on skis or carrying them, depending on the steepness of the ascent, and then descending on skis. There are two major categories of equipment used: free-heel telemark skis and skis based on alpine skis, where the heel is free for ascents, but is fixed during descent. The discipline may be practiced recreationally or as a competitive sport.

Competitive ski mountaineering is typically a timed racing event that follows an established trail through challenging winter alpine terrain while passing through a series of checkpoints. Racers climb and descend under their own power using backcountry skiing equipment and techniques. More generally, ski mountaineering is an activity that variously combines ski touring, telemark, backcountry skiing, and mountaineering.

Ski mountaineering made its debut as an Olympic Games event in the 2026 Winter Olympics.
Shannon Lynn
Shannon Lynn (born 22 October 1985) is a Canadian-born Scottish former footballer who played as a goalkeeper. She has previously played in the North American W-League for Fort Wayne Fever and F.C. Indiana, in the Scottish Women's Premier League for Hibernian and in the FA WSL for Chelsea Ladies. Lynn made her senior Scotland debut against Switzerland in June 2010.

Switzerland women's national football team
The Switzerland women's national football team represents Switzerland in international women's football.

Playing their first match in 1972, Switzerland did not enter their first major tournament until 2015, playing the World Cup, and then managed to qualify for Euro 2017, Euro 2022 and the 2023 World Cup in Australia and New Zealand.
Vitreomacular adhesion
Vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) is a human medical condition where the vitreous gel (or simply vitreous, AKA vitreous humour) of the human eye adheres to the retina in an abnormally strong manner. As the eye ages, it is common for the vitreous to separate from the retina. But if this separation is not complete, i.e. there is still an adhesion, this can create pulling forces on the retina that may result in subsequent loss or distortion of vision. The adhesion in of itself is not dangerous, but the resulting pathological vitreomacular traction (VMT) can cause severe ocular damage.

The current standard of care for treating these adhesions is pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), which involves surgically removing the vitreous from the eye. A biological agent for non-invasive treatment of adhesions called ocriplasmin has been approved by the FDA on October 17, 2012.

Vitreous body
The vitreous body (vitreous meaning "glass-like"; from Latin  vitreus 'glassy', from  vitrum 'glass' and  -eus) is the clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina of the eyeball (the vitreous chamber) in humans and other vertebrates. It is often referred to as the vitreous humor (also spelled humour), from Latin meaning liquid, or simply "the vitreous". Vitreous fluid or "liquid vitreous" is the liquid component of the vitreous gel, found after a vitreous detachment. It is not to be confused with the aqueous humor, the other fluid in the eye that is found between the cornea and lens.
Hormizd II
Hormizd II (also spelled Hormozd or Ohrmazd; Middle Persian: 𐭠𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭬𐭦𐭣) was king (shah) of the Sasanian Empire. He ruled for six years and five months, from 303 to 309. He was a son and successor of Narseh (r. 293–303).

During his reign, the Kingdom of Armenia under Tiridates III adopted Christianity as its official religion, thus leaving its ancient Zoroastrian heritage that it shared with Sasanian Iran. Hormizd II's reign was also marked by internal turmoil, which he successfully managed to deal with. Hormizd II was also successful in his efforts in the west, defeating and killing the Ghassanid king in Syria. His reign was, however, cut short by the intrigues of the Iranian nobility, who killed him in a secluded place.

He was succeeded by his son Adur Narseh, who after a few months of reigning was also killed by the nobility. They instead installed Hormizd II's infant son Shapur II on the throne.

Shah
Shāh (/ʃɑː/; Persian: شاه [ˈʃaːɦ] ⓘ) is a royal title meaning 'king' in Persian. Though chiefly associated with the monarchs of Iran, it was also used to refer to the leaders of numerous Persianate societies, such as the Ottoman Empire, the Khanate of Bukhara and the Emirate of Bukhara, the Mughal Empire, the Bengal Sultanate, and various Afghan dynasties, as well as among Gurkhas. With regard to Iranian history, in particular, each ruling monarch was not seen simply as the head of the concurrent dynasty and state, but as the successor to a long line of royalty beginning with the original Persian Empire of Cyrus the Great. To this end, he was more emphatically known as the Shāhanshāh (شاهنشاه, šāhanšāh, 'king of kings' [ˌʃaːhanˈʃaːɦ]), since the Achaemenid dynasty. A roughly equivalent title is Pādishāh (پادشاه, pādišāh, pādšāh, 'master king'), which was most widespread during the Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent.
Lin Te-fu
Lin Te-fu (Chinese: 林德福; pinyin: Lín Défú; born 23 October 1953) is a Taiwanese politician. He is a member of the Legislative Yuan for the Chinese Nationalist Party since 2002. He represents the Ninth New Taipei City Constituency.

New Taipei City Constituency 9
New Taipei City Constituency 9 (Chinese: 新北市第九選舉區; pinyin: Xīnběi Shì Dì-jiǔ Xuǎnjǔ Qū) includes all Yonghe and part of Zhonghe in New Taipei City. The district was formerly known as Taipei County Constituency 9 (2008-2010) and was created in 2008, when all local constituencies of the Legislative Yuan were reorganized to become single-member districts.