hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dale Farm
Dale Farm is a plot of land situated on Oak Lane in Crays Hill, Essex, United Kingdom. Until October 2011, it was the site of one of the largest Traveller concentrations in the UK, at its height housing over 1,000 people, along with the adjacent Oak Lane site. Although Basildon District Council had granted permission for the site to be used by a small number of Traveller families, no planning permission was given for the expansion of the site into land located within the Green Belt.

The establishment of the illegal plots led to Basildon District Council conducting a ten-year legal battle in the High Court to gain a clearance order to evict the Travellers from Dale Farm. The decision to bring in police officers to remove some activists and residents from the site and give safe access to the contracted bailiffs gained international press coverage, with the overall eviction costing the council £4.8 million.

John Baron (politician)
John Charles Baron CBE (born 21 June 1959) is a British Conservative Party politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Basildon and Billericay, previously Billericay, from 2001 to 2024. He has frequently rebelled against his party, specifically in his calling for a referendum on the European Union (EU) before the 2015 election and in opposing military intervention in Iraq, Libya, and Syria.

Baron is a strong critic of the EU; he was a vocal supporter of Brexit during the 2016 EU referendum. He later supported the pro-Brexit campaign Leave Means Leave campaign.

Baron stepped down after 23 years as an MP at the 2024 general election, despite being reselected by the local Conservative association.
2015 Best of Nollywood Awards
The 2015 Best of Nollywood Awards was the 7th edition of the ceremony and took place in Ultra Modern Dome, Ondo State, Nigeria on December 13, 2015. The event was anchored by Nollywood actors, Bimbo Akintola and Gideon Okeke.

Ojuju
Ojuju is a 2014 Nigerian zombie thriller film, written and directed by C.J. Obasi. The film which has a zero-budget, stars Gabriel Afolayan, Omowunmi Dada, and Kelechi Udegbe. It premiered at the 4th Africa International Film Festival, where it won the award for "Best Nigerian Movie".
Jack Johnson (second baseman)
John Thomas "Topeka Jack" Johnson (April 25, 1883 – January 29, 1940) was a Negro leagues second baseman and manager for several years before the founding of the first Negro National League. He was also a professional boxer and trainer, and his nickname may have resulted from the need to distinguish him from the heavyweight champion Jack Johnson.

Negro National League (1920–1931)
The first Negro National League (NNL I) was one of the several Negro leagues that were established during the period in the United States when organized baseball was segregated. The league was formed in 1920 with former player Rube Foster as its president.
Riperata Kahutia
Riperata Kahutia (died 10 June 1887) was a New Zealand Māori landowner and a leader within the Te Aitanga-a-Māhaki tribe (iwi).

Kahutia was born in either Makauri or Taruheru, in Poverty Bay, in what is now the Gisborne District. She was probably born in either 1838 or 39. She was one of the original landowners of the area which would become the Gisborne township.

Gisborne District
Gisborne District or the Gisborne Region (Māori: Te Tairāwhiti or Te Tai Rāwhiti) is a local government area of northeastern New Zealand. It is governed by Gisborne District Council, a unitary authority (with the combined powers of a district and regional council). It is named after its largest settlement, the city of Gisborne. The region is also commonly referred to as the East Coast.

The region is commonly divided into the East Cape and Poverty Bay. It is bounded by mountain ranges to the west, rugged country to the south, and faces east onto the Pacific Ocean.
Tarhaouhaout
Tarhaouhaout is a village in the commune of Tamanrasset, in Tamanrasset District, Tamanrasset Province, Algeria. It lies in the Hoggar Mountains 42 kilometres (26 mi) east of the city of Tamanrasset. Fort Motylinsky is located nearby.

Communes of Algeria
The communes of Algeria (Arabic: بلدية (singular)), also known as municipalities, form the third level of administrative subdivisions of Algeria. As of 2002, there were 1,541 municipalities in the country. The municipalities are also known as communes (baladiyahs).
Amanda Mackey
Amanda Mackey (September 22, 1951 – August 27, 2022) was an American casting director. She worked as a casting director on many films from the 1980s to the 2020s, including The Fugitive, Olympus Has Fallen, The Proposal, Rocky IV, The Hunt for Red October, Ronin, Holes, Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home, Star Trek: Nemesis, and Those Who Wish Me Dead. In 2014, she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award in the category Outstanding Casting for a Miniseries, Movie or a Special for the television film The Normal Heart. She shared the nomination with Cathy Sandrich Gelfond. Mackey died on August 27, 2022, in Brooklyn after battling myelodysplastic syndrome. She was 70.

Those Who Wish Me Dead
Those Who Wish Me Dead is a 2021 American action thriller film directed by Taylor Sheridan with a screenplay by Michael Koryta, Charles Leavitt, and Sheridan, based on Koryta's novel of the same name. The film follows a boy (Finn Little) who witnesses the murder of his father and goes on the run with a smokejumper (Angelina Jolie) in the Montana wilderness to escape a pair of assassins (Nicholas Hoult and Aidan Gillen) hired to kill him. Jon Bernthal, Medina Senghore, and Jake Weber also appear.

Those Who Wish Me Dead premiered on May 5, 2021, in South Korea, and was released in the United States on May 14 by Warner Bros. Pictures under the New Line Cinema banner, both in theaters and digitally for one month on HBO Max. The film received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $23 million worldwide.
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor (TRHR) is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds thyrotropin-releasing hormone.

The TRHR is found on the cell membrane of thyrotropes of the anterior pituitary. When the TRHR is activated it associates with a Gαq/11 protein. The TRHR-G protein complex then activates phospholipase C, which causes the formation of inositol triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). This leads to an increase in cytoplasmic calcium ion concentrations which stimulates the exocytosis of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) into the blood.

Anterior pituitary
The anterior pituitary (also called the adenohypophysis or pars anterior) is a major organ of the endocrine system. The anterior pituitary is the glandular, anterior lobe that together with the posterior pituitary (or neurohypophysis) makes up the pituitary gland (hypophysis) which, in humans, is located at the base of the brain, protruding off the bottom of the hypothalamus.

The anterior pituitary regulates several physiological processes, including stress, growth, reproduction, and lactation. Proper functioning of the anterior pituitary and of the organs it regulates can often be ascertained via blood tests that measure hormone levels.
Film School Rejects
Film School Rejects is an American blog devoted to movie reviews, interviews, film industry news, and feature commentary. It was founded by Neil Miller in February 2006.

The site was nominated for Best News Blog by Total Film magazine and named one of the 50 best blogs for filmmakers by MovieMaker magazine. Its weekly podcast, Reject Radio, was voted as the fourth best podcast for movie fans by Movies.com.

Film School Rejects and its contributors have been featured and quoted in regional and national media outlets, including CNN, the Los Angeles Times, Mashable, and American Public Media. The site's April Fools' Day pranks have been covered on MTV, Fandango, and BuzzFeed.

American Public Media
American Public Media (APM) is an American company that produces and distributes public radio programs in the United States, the second largest company of its type after NPR. Its non-profit parent, American Public Media Group, also owns and operates radio stations in Minnesota and California. Its station brands include Minnesota Public Radio and Southern California Public Radio. Based in Saint Paul, Minnesota, APM is best known for distribution of the national financial news program Marketplace.
Munir Hussain (singer)
Munir Hussain (1930 – 27 September 1995) was a Pakistani playback singer. While working in Pakistani films for over thirty-eight years, he primarily sung for Urdu and Punjabi language films. His work include 217 songs in 163 films.

He was one of the first Pakistani singers who earned his recognition in Lollywood, a film industry that produces Urdu and Punjabi-language films. Despite his classical music background and prominence in film industry, he was not able to achieve recognition initially because of Ahmed Rushdi and later because of Masood Rana.

Playback singer
A playback singer, as they are usually known in South Asian cinema, or ghost singer in Western cinema, is a vocalist whose performance is pre-recorded for use in film. Playback singers record songs for soundtracks, and the actors lip-sync the songs for camera; the actual playback singer does not get filmed or appear on screen. Generally, to synchronise with the emotional situation of the song or complete film, the playback singer is given an idea or emotional context of that part of the film so that they can interpret by taking the right moves in their vocals.
Vagif Jazz Festival
Vagif Jazz Festival – traditional jazz festival dedicated to the 75th anniversary of Vagif Mustafazadeh, composer, pianist, the founder of jazz-mugham style in Azerbaijan.

The Vagif jazz festival was held on March 16, 2015, in Icheri Sheher Kichik Gala Street.

The two-part festival was started at 11:00 by visiting Vagif Mustafazadeh's grave.

After that, the festival guests and media representatives continued to celebrate Memorial Day in House-Museum of Vagif Mustafazadeh, in Icheri Sheher.

The second part started at 14:00 and continued until 18:00 with various jazz songs.

House-Museum of Vagif Mustafazadeh
House-museum of Vagif Mustafazadeh (Azerbaijani: Vaqif Mustafazadənin ev muzeyi) is a memorial museum of the Azerbaijani jazz-pianist and composer, Vagif Mustafazadeh, and it was established on July 28, 1989. In 1994, it became a branch of the Azerbaijan State Museum of Musical Culture. From 1989 to 1997, the director of the museum was Zivar Agasaf qizi Aliyeva.

The house-museum consists of three rooms containing 1214 artifacts including photos, posters, gramophone discs, documents, and personal belongings connected with the life and work of Vagif Mustafazade.
Vagif Mustafazadeh is the father of Azerbaijani singer and pianist Aziza Mustafa Zadeh.

At present, the museum is led by the musician’s cousin, Afag Agha Rahim gizi Aliyeva. She's also a founder and chairman of the Cultural and Charitable Foundation, named after Vagif Mustafazadeh.
2024 Zaragoza Open – Doubles
Diane Parry and Arantxa Rus were the defending champions but Parry chose not to participate. Rus partnered alongside Amandine Hesse but lost in the first round to Isabelle Haverlag and Moyuka Uchijima.

Miriam Kolodziejová and Anna Sisková won the title, defeating Angelica Moratelli and Camilla Rosatello in the final, 6–2, 6–3.

Moyuka Uchijima
Moyuka Uchijima (内島 萌夏, Uchijima Moyuka; born 11 August 2001) is a Japanese professional tennis player of Malaysian extraction.
She has a career-high WTA singles ranking of world No. 47, achieved on 5 May 2025, and a doubles No. 86, reached on 21 July 2025. She has won 13 titles in singles and 11 in doubles on the ITF Circuit. She is the current Japanese No. 2 player.
Skew gradient
In mathematics, a skew gradient of a harmonic function over a simply connected domain with two real dimensions is a vector field that is everywhere orthogonal to the gradient of the function and that has the same magnitude as the gradient.

Magnitude (mathematics)
In mathematics, the magnitude or size of a mathematical object is a property which determines whether the object is larger or smaller than other objects of the same kind. More formally, an object's magnitude is the displayed result of an ordering (or ranking) of the class of objects to which it belongs. Magnitude as a concept dates to Ancient Greece and has been applied as a measure of distance from one object to another. For numbers, the absolute value of a number is commonly applied as the measure of units between a number and zero.

In vector spaces, the Euclidean norm is a measure of magnitude used to define a distance between two points in space. In physics, magnitude can be defined as quantity or distance. An order of magnitude is typically defined as a unit of distance between one number and another's numerical places on the decimal scale.
Heriberto Gíl Martínez Airport
The Heriberto Gil Martínez Airport (IATA: ULQ, ICAO: SKUL) is an airport serving the municipality of Tulua in the Valle del Cauca Department of Colombia.

The airport was formerly Farfan Airport, named after an unverified pre-Hispanic tribe. On 20 August 2004, it was renamed after Heriberto Gil Martínez, one of the first aviators in Colombia, who along with Camilo Daza founded the FAC.

It has no commercial air services. Currently the airstrip is used by the Marco Fidel Suárez Military Aviation School (EMAVI) de Santiago de Cali. Although the airport is central in one of the great intermountain valleys of Colombia, its short runway has hindered interest in establishing scheduled air service.

The Tulua VOR-DME (Ident: ULQ) is located on the field.

Cali
Santiago de Cali (Spanish pronunciation: [sanˈtjaɣo ðe ˈkali]), or Cali, is the capital of the Valle del Cauca department, and the most populous city in southwest Colombia, with an estimated 2,280,522 residents in 2023. The city spans 560.3 km2 (216.3 sq mi) with 120.9 km2 (46.7 sq mi) of urban area, making Cali the second-largest city in the country by area and the third most populous. Cali is the main urban and economic center in the south of the country, and has one of Colombia's fastest-growing economies. The city was founded on 25 July 1536 by the Spanish explorer Sebastián de Belalcázar.

As a sporting center for Colombia, it was the host city for the 1971 Pan American Games. Cali also hosted the 1992 World Wrestling Championships, the 2013 edition of the World Games, the UCI Track Cycling World Championships in 2014, the World Youth Championships in Athletics in 2015 as well as the inaugural Junior Pan American Games in 2021 and the 2022 World Athletics U20 Championships.
Jiangqiao, Shanghai
Jiangqiao (simplified Chinese: 江桥; traditional Chinese: 江橋; pinyin: Jiāngqiáo; Shanghainese: kaon1jiau1) is a town of Jiading District, Shanghai, located in the southeastern portion of the district immediately north of G2 Beijing–Shanghai Expressway and about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north of Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport. As of 2011, it has 19 residential communities (居委会) and 16 villages under its administration. It is the site of the non-passenger Jiangqiaozhen Station (zh:江桥镇站) on the Beijing–Shanghai Railway.

G2 Beijing–Shanghai Expressway
The Beijing–Shanghai Expressway designated as G2 and commonly abbreviated as the Jinghu Expressway is a major expressway of China, linking the capital Beijing in the north to Shanghai on the central coast. It extends 1262 kilometres in length, and was finished in 2006.

The expressway's name, Jinghu, is a combination of the two cities' one-character Chinese abbreviations: Jing stands for Beijing, while Hu stands for Shanghai. The trip from Beijing to Shanghai by automobile takes about ten hours with multiple drivers taking shifts and under good road conditions.
Allahuekber Mountains
Allahuekber Mountains (Turkish: Allahuekber Dağları, which means "Allahu akbar Mountains"), is a mountain range in northeastern Turkey.  It is located on the border of Erzurum, Kars and Ardahan provinces. It is part of the Pontic Mountains.

When World War I began in 1914, the range was astride the border between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire during the Caucasus campaign. Turkish troops suffered a disaster during the Battle of Sarikamish,  when they were ordered to recapture the Kars area, which was then part of the Russian Empire. Thousands of Turkish soldiers under the command of Enver Pasha died of hypothermia in the winter snow of the Allahuekber Mountains.

In January 2022 a statue in memory of Ottoman soldiers that froze to death in WWI was unveiled in Sarıkamış district.

Takbir
The takbīr (Arabic: تَكْبِير [tak.biːr], lit. 'magnification [of God]') is the name for the Arabic phrase Allāhu ʾAkbar (Arabic: اللّٰهُ أَكْبَر [ʔaɫ.ɫaː.hu ʔak.bar] ⓘ, lit. 'God is the greatest [of everything]').

It is a common Arabic expression, used in various contexts by Muslims around the world: in formal salah (prayer), in the adhan (Islamic call to prayer), in Hajj, as an informal expression of faith, in times of distress or joy, or to express resolute determination or defiance. The phrase is the official motto of Iran and Iraq. It is also used by Orthodox Arab Christians as an expression of faith.
Giovio Series
The Giovio Series, also known as the Giovio Collection or Giovio Portraits, is a series of 484 portraits assembled by the 16th-century Italian  Renaissance historian and biographer Paolo Giovio. It includes portraits of literary figures, rulers, statesmen and other dignitaries, many of which were done from life. Intended by Giovio as a public archive of famous men, the collection was originally housed in a specially-built museum on the shore of Lake Como. Although the original collection has not survived intact, a set of copies made for Cosimo I de' Medici now has a permanent home in Florence's  Uffizi Gallery.

Uffizi
The Uffizi Gallery (UK: /juːˈfɪtsi, ʊˈfiːtsi/ yoo-FIT-see, uu-FEET-see; Italian: Galleria degli Uffizi, pronounced [ɡalleˈriːa deʎʎ ufˈfittsi]) is a prominent art museum adjacent to the Piazza della Signoria in the Historic Centre of Florence in the region of Tuscany, Italy. One of the most important Italian museums and the most visited, it is also one of the largest and best-known in the world and holds a collection of priceless works, particularly from the period of the Italian Renaissance.

After the ruling House of Medici died out, their art collections were given to the city of Florence under the famous Patto di famiglia ("family pact") negotiated by Anna Maria Luisa, the last Medici heiress. The Uffizi is one of the first modern museums. The gallery had been open to visitors by request since the sixteenth century, and in 1769 it was officially opened to the public, formally becoming a museum in 1865.
The Raging Wrath of the Easter Bunny Demo
The Raging Wrath of the Easter Bunny Demo is the fourth full length studio album by American experimental rock band Mr. Bungle, released on October 30, 2020, through Ipecac Recordings. It serves as their first album after a 20-year hiatus and subsequent reunion in February that year, while also marking their first release through Ipecac, which was co-founded by lead vocalist Mike Patton.

Experimental rock
Experimental rock (originally known as avant-garde rock or avant-rock) is a subgenre of rock music that emerged in the 1960s. The genre emphasizes innovation over commercial appeal, incorporating influences and ideas lifted from avant-garde music through traditional rock music instrumentation. It is primarily characterized by its use of unconventional song structures, musical techniques, rhythms and lyricism, usually deemed challenging, difficult, inaccessible or underground.
Marta Bastianelli
Marta Bastianelli (born 30 April 1987) is an Italian former professional racing cyclist, who competed as a professional from 2006 to 2023. Bastianelli won the women's road race at the 2007 UCI Road World Championships ahead of Marianne Vos and Giorgia Bronzini, and also won the equivalent race at the 2018 European Road Cycling Championships, again beating Vos.

2007 UCI Road World Championships
The 2007 UCI Road World Championships took place in Stuttgart, Germany, between September 25 and September 30, 2007. The event consisted of a road race and a time trial for men, women and men under 23. Italian Paolo Bettini and Swiss Fabian Cancellara both won their second world championships in a row in the elite men's road race and time trial respectively.
Islamophobia/Islamophilia
Islamophobia/Islamophilia: Beyond the Politics of Enemy and Friend is a 2010 book edited by Andrew Shryock, published by Indiana University Press.

Schryock argues that Islamophilia and Islamophobia both come from a similar logic in Western cultures.

The book originated from the first conference of the Islamic Studies Institute (ISI), which was held in 2007 at the University of Michigan.

Indiana University Press
Indiana University Press, also known as IU Press, is an academic publisher founded in 1950 at Indiana University that specializes in the humanities and social sciences. Its headquarters are located in Bloomington, Indiana. IU Press publishes approximately 100 new books annually, in addition to 38 academic journals, and maintains a current catalog comprising some 2,000 titles.

Indiana University Press primarily publishes in the following areas: African, African American, Asian, cultural, Jewish, Holocaust, Middle Eastern studies, Russian and Eastern European, and women's and gender studies; anthropology, film studies, folklore, history, bioethics, music, paleontology, philanthropy, philosophy, and religion. IU Press undertakes extensive regional publishing under its Quarry Books imprint.
Penrose graphical notation
In mathematics and physics, Penrose graphical notation or tensor diagram notation is a (usually handwritten) visual depiction of multilinear functions or tensors proposed by Roger Penrose in 1971. A diagram in the notation consists of several shapes linked together by lines.

The notation widely appears in modern quantum theory, particularly in matrix product states and quantum circuits.  In particular, categorical quantum mechanics (which includes ZX-calculus) is a fully comprehensive reformulation of quantum theory in terms of Penrose diagrams.

The notation has been studied extensively by Predrag Cvitanović, who used it, along with  Feynman's diagrams and other related notations in developing "birdtracks", a group-theoretical diagram to classify the classical Lie groups. Penrose's notation has also been generalized using representation theory to spin networks in physics, and with the presence of matrix groups to trace diagrams in linear algebra.

Linear algebra
Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations such as

linear maps such as

and their representations in vector spaces and through matrices.

Linear algebra is central to almost all areas of mathematics. For instance, linear algebra is fundamental in modern presentations of geometry, including for defining basic objects such as lines, planes and rotations. Also, functional analysis, a branch of mathematical analysis, may be viewed as the application of linear algebra to function spaces.

Linear algebra is also used in most sciences and fields of engineering because it allows modeling many natural phenomena, and computing efficiently with such models. For nonlinear systems, which cannot be modeled with linear algebra, it is often used for dealing with first-order approximations, using the fact that the differential of a multivariate function at a point is the linear map that best approximates the function near that point.