hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tuffahiyeh
Tuffahiyeh (Arabic: تفاحية)  is a Syrian village located in Bidama Nahiyah in Jisr al-Shughur District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Tuffahiyeh had a population of 284 in the 2004 census.

As of 6 February 2025, the village is deserted.

Bidama Subdistrict
Bidama Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية بداما)  is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) located in Jisr al-Shughur District in Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Bidama Subdistrict had a population of 18,501 in the 2004 census. By July of 2023, the population had increased to 52,081, of which 36,210 (69.53%) were IDPs.
James Brown (MP for Malton)
James Brown (12 April 1814 – 14 July 1877) was a British Liberal Party politician.  He sat in the House of Commons from 1857 to 1868.

At the 1847 general election, Brown stood unsuccessfully in Kingston upon Hull, where the three Liberal candidates for the City's two seats were unopposed by any Conservatives.

Brown did not stand for Parliament again until the 1847 general election, when he was elected unopposed as one of the two Members of Parliament for Malton. The lack of opposition was not unusual in Malton: the borough was controlled by the Earl Fitzwilliam, and after 1808 there no contested elections in Malton until 1874, by when the secret ballot had been introduced by the Ballot Act 1872.

He was re-elected in 1859
and in 1865,
holding the seat until the borough's representation was reduced to one seat at the 1868 general election.

Malton (UK Parliament constituency)
Malton, also called New Malton, was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England in 1295 and 1298, and again from 1640, then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885. It was represented by two Members of Parliament until 1868, among them the political philosopher Edmund Burke, and by one member from 1868 to 1885.

The constituency was divided between the new Thirsk and Malton division of the North Riding of Yorkshire and the Buckrose division of the East Riding of Yorkshire from 1885.
Inferior pulvinary vein
The paired (right and left) inferior pulvinary veins (Latin: venae pulvinares inferiores dextra et sinistra) are veins that drain blood from the corresponding halves of inferior part of the pulvinar of the thalamus into the corresponding basal vein.

Thalamus
The thalamus (pl.: thalami; from Greek θάλαμος, "chamber") is a large mass of gray matter on the lateral wall of the third ventricle forming the dorsal part of the diencephalon (a division of the forebrain). Nerve fibers project out of the thalamus to the cerebral cortex in all directions, known as the thalamocortical radiations, allowing hub-like exchanges of information. It has several functions, such as the relaying of sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness.

Anatomically, the thalami are paramedian symmetrical structures (left and right), within the vertebrate brain, situated between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain. It forms during embryonic development as the main product of the diencephalon, as first recognized by the Swiss embryologist and anatomist Wilhelm His Sr. in 1893.
Mother and Son
Mother and Son is an Australian television sitcom that was broadcast on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) from 16 January 1984 until 21 March 1994. The show stars Ruth Cracknell, Garry McDonald, Henri Szeps and Judy Morris. It featured many Australian actors of the time in guest roles. It was created and written by Geoffrey Atherden. Its theme song features the Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra, playing I Want a Girl (Just Like the Girl That Married Dear Old Dad), a jazz standard which was recorded by Al Jolson in the 1920s.

A stage version of Mother and Son was written by Geoffrey Atherden and premiered at the Comedy Theatre, Melbourne, on 18 July 2014.

In November 2022, it was announced the series would be given an eight-episode reboot with Denise Scott and Matt Okine playing Maggie and Arthur, respectively. Filming for the series began in Sydney in March 2023.

Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra
The Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra (TSO) is a symphony orchestra based in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. It is the smallest of the six orchestras established by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC).
James Madison Freedom of Information Award
The James Madison Freedom of Information Award is a San Francisco Bay Area honor given to individuals and organizations who have made significant contributions to the advancement of freedom of expression, particularly freedom of information (as in freedom of information legislation and open government).

The award is intended to reflect the spirit of former U.S. statesman and president James Madison, traditionally regarded as the "Father of the United States Constitution" and primary author behind the George Mason-inspired United States Bill of Rights, and in particular the First Amendment.

The award goes to media and community organizations, journalists, students, and citizens from the nine-county Bay Area who have defended public access to government meetings, public records, and court proceedings, or who have furthered other more general issues of freedom of expression and information.

San Francisco Bay Guardian
The San Francisco Bay Guardian was a free alternative newspaper published weekly in San Francisco, California. The paper was shut down on October 14, 2014. Parts of the paper were relaunched online in February 2016.
Wilfried Emvula
Wilfried Emvula (born 11 December 1952) is a Namibian politician and diplomat.

Emvula was born on 11 December 1952 at Oniimwandi in Ovamboland (today Namibia's Oshana Region). He completed schooling and a two–year teacher training course and then worked as teacher, principal, and paralegal advisor.

A member of the South West Africa People's Organization, Emvula joined the National Council of Namibia in 1993 as a representative from Erongo Region and became deputy Minister of Trade and Industry in the same year. Bernhardt Esau succeeded him in 1999. Emvula was Ambassador to France from 1999 to 2006 and was appointed as Ambassador to Ethiopia and the African Union in 2006. He presented his credentials as Permanent Representative to the United Nations on 31 August 2010. He is also a trustee of the Legal Assistance Centre.

National Council (Namibia)
The National Council is the upper chamber of Namibia's bicameral Parliament. It reviews bills passed by the lower chamber and makes recommendations for legislation of regional concern to the lower chamber.

The 42 National Council members are indirectly elected by regional councils for a term of five years. Each of the 14 regional councils chooses three of its members to serve on the National Council. The last regional council elections were held on 26 November 2025.

Political party distribution in the current National Council is as follows:

South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO) - 39 seats

Popular Democratic Movement (PDM) - 2 seats

United Democratic Front (UDF) - 1 seats

The National Council meets in the capital Windhoek in the National Council Building next to the Tintenpalast. The chairperson as of December 2020 is Lukas Muha.
1950 Armidale state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Armidale on 11 February 1950 because of the resignation of David Drummond (Country) to successfully contest the federal seat of New England at the 1949 election.

New South Wales National Party
The New South Wales National Party, officially known as the National Party of Australia – N.S.W. and commonly known as the NSW Nationals, is an Australian political party in New South Wales which forms the state branch of the federal National Party.

The party has generally been the junior partner in a centre-right Coalition with the NSW branch of the Liberal Party of Australia. Since 1927, the Nationals have been in Coalition with the Liberals and their predecessors, the Nationalist Party of Australia (1927–1931), the United Australia Party (1931–1943), and the Democratic Party (1943–1945). During periods of conservative government, the leader of the Nationals also serves as Deputy Premier of New South Wales. When the conservatives are in opposition, the Liberal and National parties usually form a joint opposition bench. New South Wales is the only state where the Coalition has never been broken, and yet has not merged into a unified non-Labor party.
2000 Women's National Invitation Tournament
The 2000 Women's National Invitation Tournament was a single-elimination tournament of 32 NCAA Division I teams that were not selected to participate in the 2000 Women's NCAA tournament. It was the third edition of the postseason Women's National Invitation Tournament (WNIT).

The final four of the tournament paired Arkansas against Florida with the other match-up being Wisconsin and Colorado State. Wisconsin beat Colorado State 78–60 and Florida beat Arkansas 83–62.

Arkansas Razorbacks women's basketball
The Arkansas Razorbacks women's basketball team represents the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States in NCAA Division I women's basketball competition. The school's team currently competes in the Southeastern Conference.

The basketball team plays its home games in Bud Walton Arena on the University of Arkansas campus and are led by first-year head coach Kelsi Musick.
Sunstrum, Ontario
Sunstrum is an unincorporated place and railway point in Unorganized Kenora District in northwestern Ontario, Canada.

It is on the Canadian National Railway transcontinental main line, between Millidge to the west and Taggart to the east, and is passed but not served by Via Rail transcontinental Canadian trains.

Northwestern Ontario
Northwestern Ontario is a secondary region of Northern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario which lies north and west of Lake Superior and west of Hudson Bay and James Bay. It includes most of subarctic Ontario. Its western boundary is the Canadian province of Manitoba, which disputed Ontario's claim to the western part of the region. Ontario's right to Northwestern Ontario was determined by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in 1884 and confirmed by the Canada (Ontario Boundary) Act, 1889, of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. In 1912, the Parliament of Canada by the Ontario Boundaries Extension Act gave jurisdiction over the District of Patricia to Ontario, thereby extending the northern boundary of the province to Hudson Bay.
Duluth South Breakwater Outer Light
The Duluth South Breakwater Outer Light is a lighthouse on the south breakwater of the Duluth Ship Canal in Duluth, Minnesota, United States. It forms a range with the Duluth South Breakwater Inner Light to guide ships into the canal from Lake Superior.

Leading lights
Leading lights, also known as range lights in the United States, are a pair of light beacons used in navigation to indicate a safe passage for vessels entering a shallow or dangerous channel; they may also be used for position fixing. At night, the lights are a form of leading line that can be used for safe navigation. The beacons consist of two lights that are separated in distance and elevation, so that when they are aligned, with one above the other, they provide a bearing. Range lights are often illuminated day and night.

In some cases the two beacons are unlighted, in which case they are known as a range in the United States or a transit in the UK. The beacons may be artificial or natural.
Tarkani
The Tarkani (Pashto: ترکاڼي tarkāṇī) or Tarkalani (Pashto: ترکلاڼي tarkalāṇī) are a Pashtun tribe mainly settled in Bajaur District, Lower Dir district, Barawal upper dir and in Kabal and Matta tehsil of district Swat Pakistan but originally hailed from the Laghman province of modern-day Afghanistan. They are settled in large parts of Kunar province of Afghanistan and other parts of Afghanistan. In Kunar they stretch all the way up to Naray district of Afghanistan, and are majority in Dangam, Asmar, half of Gehazi Abad, Marah wara, half of Barkani district (other half being Safi dominated) etc, all districts in Kunar, Afghanistan. they are cousins of the Yousafzai with whom fought battles against Dalzak and Mughals.

Marawara District
Monawara District (Pashto: منوره ولسوالۍ; Dari: ولسوالی مروره) is one of the 15 districts in Kunar Province, Afghanistan. It borders Sirkanay District to the west, Asadabad District to the north-west, Dangam District to the north-east and the Durand Line to the south. Monawara's population is not exactly known but government figures estimate it to be around 22,270 people, all of them being ethnic Pashtuns. Monawara village is the center of the district and is located in its westernmost part.

The dominant tribe in the district is the Pashtun Mamund clan, currently headed by Haji Abdul Wali Khan Mamond following the death of his father, Haji Hazrat Rahman. The mountainous terrain and the lack of arable land and irrigation systems is the main problem in this area. Monawara is also one of the few strategic districts in terms of its unique location and high mountainous terrains connecting Kunar to Pakistan via the Durand Line.
Erlecom
Erlecom is a hamlet in the Dutch municipality of Berg en Dal, in the province of Gelderland.

Erlecom was first mentioned between 800 and 850 as Adelrichheim, and means "settlement of Adelrik". Erlecom was a heerlijkheid until the French period (1806). The castle De Kleverburg was first mentioned in 1343, and disappeared in a flood in the late-18th century. There were brickworks in Erlecom during the 19th century. In 1840, it was home to 202 people.

Heerlijkheid
A heerlijkheid (a Dutch word; pl. heerlijkheden; also called heerschap; Latin: Dominium) was a landed estate that served as the lowest administrative and judicial unit in rural areas in the Dutch-speaking Low Countries before 1800. It originated as a unit of lordship under the feudal system during the Middle Ages. The English equivalents are manor, seigniory and lordship. The German equivalent is Herrschaft. The heerlijkheid system was the Dutch version of manorialism that prevailed in the Low Countries and was the precursor to the modern municipality system in the Netherlands and Flemish Belgium.
Government of Asadollah Alam (1963–64)
The second government formed by Prime Minister Asadollah Alam was inaugurated on 19 February 1963. It replaced the first government of Alam which ended on 18 February when he submitted his resignation to the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. The cabinet lasted for nearly thirteen months until 7 March 1964 when Asadollah Alam resigned from the office. It was succeeded by the cabinet of Hassan Ali Mansur.

Asadollah Alam
Asadollah Alam (Persian: اسدالله علم; 24 July 1919 – 14 April 1978) was an Iranian politician who was prime minister under Mohammad Reza Shah from 1962 to 1964. He was also minister of Royal Court, president of Pahlavi University and governor of Sistan and Baluchestan province.
Isaac Kiese Thelin
Isaac Kiese Thelin (born 24 June 1992) is a Swedish professional footballer who plays as a forward for J1 League club Urawa Red Diamonds.

A full international from 2014 to 2024, Kiese Thelin won 33 caps for Sweden and represented his country at the 2018 FIFA World Cup.

Belgian Super Cup
The Belgian Super Cup (Dutch: Belgische Supercup [ˈbɛlɣisə ˈsʏpərˌkʏp]; French: Supercoupe de Belgique [sypɛʁkup də bɛlʒik]; German: Belgischer Fußball-Super Cup), Pro League Supercup, is a Belgian club competition played as a single match between the Belgian Pro League champions (also received the Super Cup host) and the Belgian Cup winners. If both teams are the same, the Belgian Cup runners-up participates as the second club.

The most successful Super Cup club is Club Brugge with 18 titles, followed by Anderlecht (13), Standard Liège (4), Genk (2), Beveren (2) and Lierse (2).  It was created in 1979 and held every year since, with the only exception 1989 and 2020.

The current holders are Club Brugge, who defeated Union SG in the 2025 Belgian Super Cup.
Full Metal Planète
Full Metal Planète is a board game designed by Gérard Delfanti, Gérard Mathieu, and Pascal Trigaux and published in 1988 by Ludodélire. Players play as mining companies on the Full Metal Planet, a planet which is rich in mining resources, but also unstable. They try to amass the maximum amount of ore and evacuate it into orbit before the destruction of the planet, thwarting other players and dealing with the destructive tides of the planet.

A video game version was developed by Infogrames (now Atari SA) and published by Data East in 1989.

Data East
Data East Corporation (データイースト株式会社, Dēta Īsuto kabushiki gaisha), also abbreviated as DECO, was a Japanese video game, pinball and electronic engineering company. The company was in operation from 1976 to 2003, and released 150 video game titles. At one time, the company had annual sales of 20 billion yen in the United States alone but eventually went bankrupt. The American subsidiary, Data East USA, was headquartered in San Jose, California. Its main headquarters were located in the Suginami ward of Tokyo.

The majority of Data East's video games, its trademark, and its logo are currently owned by G-Mode, a mobile-focused subsidiary of the video game publisher Marvelous. A small number of Data East video games are owned by other companies, notably Paon DP.
Martin Anderson (economist)
Martin Anderson (August 5, 1936 – January 3, 2015) was an American academic, economist, author, policy analyst, and adviser to U.S. politicians and presidents, including Ronald Reagan and Richard Nixon. In the Nixon administration, Anderson was credited with helping to end the military draft and creating the all-volunteer armed forces. Under Reagan, Anderson helped draft the administration's original economic program that became known as “Reaganomics.” A political conservative and a strong proponent of free-market capitalism, he was influenced by libertarianism and opposed government regulations that limited individual freedom.

Anderson wrote and edited numerous books on topics concerning urban renewal, military manpower, welfare reform, higher education, and his experiences advising Reagan and Nixon. Later he coedited four books on Reagan's writings and coauthored two books on Reagan's efforts to negotiate nuclear disarmament with the Soviet Union.

Nuclear disarmament
Nuclear disarmament is the act of reducing or eliminating nuclear weapons. Its end state can also be a nuclear-weapons-free world, in which nuclear weapons are completely eliminated. The term denuclearization is also used to describe the process leading to complete nuclear disarmament.

Disarmament and non-proliferation treaties have been agreed upon because of the extreme danger intrinsic to nuclear war and the possession of nuclear weapons.

Proponents of nuclear disarmament say that it would lessen the probability of nuclear war occurring, especially considering accidents or retaliatory strikes from false alarms. Critics of nuclear disarmament say that it would undermine deterrence and make conventional wars more common.
Muthu Krishna Mani
Muthu Krishna Mani is an Indian nephrologist and a pioneer of nephrology in India. He is a former chief of nephrology department at Apollo Hospital, Chennai and is best known for treating Jayaprakash Narayan when the latter developed a renal disorder. The Government of India awarded him the Padma Bhushan, the third highest civilian award, in 1991. He is also a recipient of the Dhanvantari Award (2011) and the Ravindranath Tagore Award. He has published over 125 medical papers and the orations delivered by him include the 2018 Dr. Pathros Matthai Memorial Oration of the Indian Society of Nephrology (southern chapter - ISNSC).

Apollo Hospitals
Apollo Hospitals Enterprise Limited is an Indian multinational healthcare group headquartered in Chennai. It is the largest for-profit private hospital network in India, with a network of 71 owned and managed hospitals. Along with the eponymous hospital chain, the company also operates pharmacies, primary care and diagnostic centres, telehealth clinics, and digital healthcare services among others through its subsidiaries.

The company was founded by Prathap C. Reddy in 1983 as the first corporate healthcare provider in India. Several of Apollo's hospitals have been among the first in India to receive international healthcare accreditation by the America-based Joint Commission International (JCI) as well as NABH accreditation.
Taste (Make It Shake)
"Taste (Make It Shake)" is a song recorded by British rapper Aitch, released as the lead single from Aitch's second extended play AitcH20 on 31 July 2019. The song was written by Aitch, Jake Jones, James Murray and Mustafa Omer, and produced by Whyjay.

A remix featuring Stefflon Don and Fenix Flexin was released on 30 August 2019. And an Australian remix featuring Hooligan Hefs and Nerve which was released on 1 November 2019.

Commercially, the song became Aitch's first solo chart appearance on the UK Singles Chart when it debuted at number eight on 9 August 2019 – for the week ending dated 15 August 2019. It eventually peaked at number two.

Stefflon Don
Stephanie Victoria Allen (born 14 December 1991), known professionally as Stefflon Don, is an English rapper. She rose to fame with her 2017 single "Hurtin' Me" (featuring French Montana), which peaked at number seven on the UK Singles Chart. In 2016, Allen released her debut mixtape Real Ting, followed by her second, Secure (2018).
Dinggyê County
Dinggyê County (Tibetan: གཏིང་སྐྱེས་རྫོང་།, Chinese: 定结县) is a county of the Shigatse city in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China, bordering Nepal's Sankhuwasabha and Taplejung Districts to the south and India's Sikkim state to the southeast. Jin Co and Duolo Co are located in this county.

It is one of the four counties that comprise the Qomolangma National Nature Preserve (Dinggyê, Tingri, Nyalam, and Kyirong).

Shigatse
Shigatse, officially known as Xigazê (Tibetan: གཞིས་ཀ་རྩེ་, Wylie: gzhis ka rtse, ZWPY: xigazê) or Rikaze (Chinese: 日喀则; pinyin: Rìkāzé), is a prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Its area of jurisdiction, with an area of 182,000 km2 (70,271 sq mi), corresponds to the historical Ü-Tsang region of Tibet, and is most notable for containing the Chinese half of Mount Everest.
Alfred M. Boone
Alfred Morgan "Dan" Boone (July 23, 1893 – March 1, 1961) was an American college football and college baseball player, athletics administrator, and insurance executive. Boone played football and baseball at the University of Alabama. He served as the acting athletic director for the university during the 1919–20 academic year, following the resignation of B. L. Noojin.

Boone was selected to the 1917 College Football All-Southern Team as an end and the 1919 College Baseball All-Southern Team as a pitcher. A native of Berry, Alabama, he graduated from the University of Alabama in 1919 with a Doctor of Law degree. Boone assisted Xen C. Scott in coaching the 1919 Alabama Crimson Tide football team.

Boone later managed Birmingham, Alabama office of USF&G. He died on March 1, 1961, in New York City.

End (gridiron football)
In gridiron football, an end is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles.  Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on each end of the line is an eligible receiver who can catch forward passes.  There are two types on offense: the split end, or wide out, and the tight end. On defense, the position name survives in the name of the defensive end; in function, this position no longer corresponds to its offensive counterparts, which are defended more commonly by the edge rusher (which is sometimes a defensive end depending on formation) against the tight end and the cornerback against the split end.

It is also used in terminology such as an end run.