hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Batrachospermum
Batrachospermum is a genus of red algae from the family Batrachospermaceae. Due to its complex biological life cycle, descriptions of the taxon typically focus on gametophytes, while sporophytes, i.e., carposporophytes, are filamentous structures growing on the gametophyte, on which they depend. Independently living sporophytes have sometimes been described as separate species within the genus Chantransia. Additionally, differences may occur in the descriptions of the genus due to variations in taxonomic approaches, as new taxonomic techniques, as with other algae, result in changes in the assignment of individual species to the genus Batrachospermum. The genus is cosmopolitan, and its representatives are found in freshwater environments, mainly rivers, and less frequently in standing waters. These plants have thalli in the form of gelatinous-coated filaments.

Cladophora
Cladophora is a genus of branching filamentous green algae in the class Ulvophyceae. They may be referred to as reticulated algae, branching algae, or blanket weed. The genus has a worldwide distribution, mainly found in marine or brackish waters; a few species are found in freshwater. It is harvested for use as a food and medicine.
History of the Comoros
The history of the Comoros extends back to about 800–1000 AD when the archipelago was first inhabited. The Comoros have been inhabited by various groups and sultanates throughout this time. France colonised the islands in the 19th century, and they became independent in 1975.

Azali Assoumani
Azali Assoumani (Arabic: غزالي عثماني; born 1 January 1959) is a Comorian politician and military officer who has served as the seventh President of the Comoros from 2002 to 2006 and again since 2016, except for a brief period in 2019. He became head of state after staging a coup d'état in 1999 and was elected president in 2002, 2016, 2019 and 2024. He also served as Chairperson of the African Union from February 2023 to February 2024. Assoumani's current presidency has been described as increasingly authoritarian.
Vedlozero
Vedlozero (Russian: Ведлозеро, Karelian: Vieljärvi) is an old Karelian village in Russia, the administrative center of the Vedlozerskoye rural settlement of the Pryazhinsky District of the Republic of Karelia.

Republic of Karelia
The Republic of Karelia, or simply Karelia or Karjala (Russian: Каре́лия, Ка́рьяла; Karelian: Karjala) is a republic of Russia situated in the northwest of the country. The republic is a part of the Northwestern Federal District, and covers an area of 172,400 square kilometres (66,600 square miles), with a population of 533,121 residents. Its capital is Petrozavodsk.

The modern Karelian Republic was founded as an autonomous republic within the Russian SFSR, by the Resolution of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (VTsIK) on 27 June 1923 and by the Decree of the VTsIK and the Council of People's Commissars of 25 July 1923, from the Karelian Labour Commune. From 1940 to 1956, it was known as the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic, one of the republics of the Soviet Union. In 1956, it was once again made an autonomous republic and remained part of Russia following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
Dunstan Kamana
Dunstan Weston Kamana (19 April 1937 – 13 September 2009) was a Zambian journalist, Permanent Representative of Zambia to the United Nations former ambassador to the United States ambassador to the Soviet Union and Zambia's High Commissioner to Canada. He had also served as the Presidential Press Secretary to Kenneth Kaunda.

Press secretary
A press secretary or press officer is a senior advisor who provides advice on how to deal with the news media and, using news management techniques, helps their employer to maintain a positive public image and avoid negative media coverage.
Thomas Berwick
Thomas Berwick (1825–1891) was a convict transported to colonial Western Australia. He was one of 280 such convicts from the 9721 convicts transported to the colony to overcome the social stigma of convictism to become schoolteachers.

Convict era of Western Australia
The convict era of Western Australia was the period during which Western Australia was a penal colony of the British Empire. Although it received small numbers of juvenile offenders from 1842, it was not formally constituted as a penal colony until 1849. Between 1850 and 1868, 9,721 convicts were transported to Western Australia on 43 convict ship voyages. Transportation ceased in 1868, at which time convicts outnumbered free settlers 9,700 to 7,300, and it was many years until the colony ceased to have any convicts in its care.
MV Skookum (1912)
MV Skookum was a ferry that linked the communities of Naramata and Summerland on Okanagan Lake in British Columbia, Canada.

The Okanagan Lake Boat Company was first incorporated by pioneer John Moore Robinson in 1909 before going under the management of Peter Roe in 1912. It was later purchased by the Naramata Syndicate, which began a new line of larger and more modern boats. Skookum was the first of these; she was a 50 feet (15 m)-long motor launch that could carry 60 passengers. The Naramata Syndicate also built scows for freight and cargo to assist Skookum and the other ferries.

In November, 1913, Skookum collided with the Canadian Pacific Railway company's SS Castlegar between the communities Trout Creek and Penticton. Skookum sunk and was replaced by MV Trepanier, a similar, but smaller boat that had hitherto been used for pleasure trips.

SS Castlegar
Castlegar was a wooden-hulled tugboat for the Canadian Pacific Railway company. Built in 1911 at Okanagan Landing, its purpose was to handle railway car barges on Okanagan Lake. The Castlegar was a significant improvement over existing vessels in the Okanagan for service at the time.

In November 1913, Skookum was sunk in a collision with Castlegar between Trout Creek and Penticton, leading to the injuries of three men.
The captain of Castlegar at the time was J. Fitzsimmons and the chief engineer on board was G. Smith.

After 12 years of service on Okanagan Lake, the tugboat was retired in 1925. The engines salvaged from Castlegar were used in Roseberry.
Ryskulov, Almaty
Ryskulov (Kazakh: Рысқұлов, romanized: Rysqūlov; Kazakh pronunciation: [ɾəsqʊlov]) is a village (selo) in the Talǵar District of Almaty Region, in south-eastern part of Kazakhstan. It is named after Soviet politician Turar Ryskulov. The KATO code is 196233800.

Almaty Region
Almaty Region (Kazakh: Almaty oblysy [ɑɫmɑˈtə ˌwobɫɤˈsə]), formerly known as the Alma-Ata Region until 1993, is a region in Kazakhstan, located in the southeastern part of the country. It surrounds, but does not include, the eponymous city of Almaty. Its capital is Qonaev.
Controlled Drugs and Substances Act
The Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (French: Loi réglementant certaines drogues et autres substances) is Canada's federal drug control statute. Passed in 1996 under Prime Minister Jean Chrétien's government, it repeals the Narcotic Control Act and Parts III and IV of the Food and Drugs Act, and establishes eight Schedules of controlled substances and two Classes of precursors. It provides that "The Governor in Council may, by order, amend any of Schedules I to VIII by adding to them or deleting from them any item or portion of an item, where the Governor in Council deems the amendment to be necessary in the public interest."

The Act serves as the implementing legislation for the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, and the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances.

United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances
The United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of  1988 is one of three major drug control treaties currently in force. It provides additional legal mechanisms for enforcing the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs and the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances. The Convention entered into force on November 11, 1990. As of June 2020, there are 191 Parties to the convention. These include 186 out of 193 United Nations member states (not Equatorial Guinea, Kiribati, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, or Tuvalu) and the Holy See, the European Union, the Cook Islands, Niue, and the State of Palestine.
Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Kraenzlin
Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Kraenzlin (aka Kränzlin; 25 July 1847 – 9 March 1934) was a botanist associated with the Natural History Museum (BM).

In the history of the European study of South African orchids, Friedrich "Fritz" Kraenzlin (Kränzlin) appears after Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach describing many new orchids in the region, and revising some of the genera. His book Orchidacearum Genera et Species was never finished, but the volume containing the Habenaria, Disa, and Disperis genera was completed in 1901.

Disperis
Disperis is a genus of plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It has about 78 species. Most of the species are from tropical and southern Africa, as well as Indian Ocean islands. A few are native to the tropical or the warmer subtropical regions of Asia and Malesia.
Teito Monogatari Gaiden
Teito Monogatari Gaiden (帝都物語外伝) is a Japanese horror/dark fantasy film.  It is a spin-off of the Teito Monogatari franchise.  It is not based on the original novel, but rather adapted from a side story novel, Karakuri Doshi (which occurs in contemporary times).  Like the animated adaptation which preceded it, the film is much darker, more violent and sexualized than its predecessors, and deviates greatly from its source material.  It was released through V-Cinema in 1995.

The film was advertised as being a direct sequel to Tokyo: The Last War going so far as to include a silhouette of actor Kyusaku Shimada in many of the promotional materials.  However the movie was produced by a completely different studio and worked on by a different creative staff from the Toho distributed adaptations.

Dark fantasy
Dark fantasy is a subgenre of literary, artistic, and cinematic fantasy works that incorporates disturbing and frightening themes. The term is ambiguously used to describe stories that combine horror elements with one or other of the standard formulas of fantasy.
John Willie Kofi Harlley
John Willie Kofi Harlley (9 May 1919 – 18 February 1982) was a Ghanaian police officer who was Vice Chairman of the National Liberation Council and the first Inspector General of Police in Ghana from 1966 to 1969. He was a member of the three-man presidential commission which carried out presidential functions during the 1969 democratic transition in Ghana and in the first year of the Second Republic.

Hendon Police College
Hendon Police College is the principal training centre for London's Metropolitan Police. Founded with the official name of the Metropolitan Police College, the college has officially been known as the Peel Centre since 1974, although its original name is still used frequently. Within the police service it is known simply as "Hendon".

The nearest London Underground station is Colindale on the Northern line.
Ben Rubin (artist)
Ben Rubin (born 1964) is a media artist and designer based in New York City. He is best known for his data-driven media installations and public artworks, including Listening Post and Moveable Type, both created in collaboration with statistician and journalism professor Mark Hansen. Since 2015, Rubin has served as the director of the Center for Data Arts at The New School, where he is an associate professor of design.

Brooklyn Academy of Music
The Brooklyn Academy of Music (BAM) is a multi-arts center in Brooklyn, New York City. It hosts progressive and avant-garde performances, with theater, dance, music, opera, film programming across multiple nearby venues.

BAM was chartered in 1859, presented its first show in 1861, and began operations in its present location in Fort Greene, Brooklyn, in 1908. The Academy is incorporated as a New York State not-for-profit corporation. It has 501(c)(3) status.
Udi-Nsukka Plateau
The Udi–Nsukka Plateau is a pair of nearly connected plateaus located in south-central Nigeria. It forms one of the country’s most prominent highland regions, extending through Enugu State and parts of Kogi State, Anambra State, and Ebonyi State. Coal was discovered there in 1909, making Nigeria the first coal-producing nation in West Africa. The area is inhabited mainly by the Igbo and Igala peoples.

Ankpa
Ankpa is a Local Government Area in Kogi State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Ankpa on the A233 highway in the west of the area at 7°22′14″N 7°37′31″E﻿ / ﻿7.37056°N 7.62528°E﻿ / 7.37056; 7.62528.

It has an area of 1,200 km2 and a population of 267,353 at the 2006 census.

By 2016, the population had swelled to 359,300.

The postal code of the area is 270.

The northeasterly line of equal latitude and longitude passes through the Local Government Area.
Kerri K. Greenidge
Kerri K. Greenidge is an American historian and academic. Her book Black Radical: The Life and Times of William Monroe Trotter, a biography of civil rights activist William Monroe Trotter, won the 2020 Mark Lynton History Prize. Her sisters are the playwright Kirsten Greenidge and the novelist Kaitlyn Greenidge.

Mark Lynton History Prize
The Mark Lynton History Prize is an annual $10,000 award given to a book "of history, on any subject, that best combines intellectual or scholarly distinction with felicity of expression". The prize is one of three awards given as part of the J. Anthony Lukas Book Prize administered by the Nieman Foundation for Journalism and by the Columbia University School of Journalism.
Guttorm Berge
Guttorm Berge (19 April 1929 – 13 March 2004) was a Norwegian Alpine skier.

He was born in Vardal and died in Høvik.

At the 1952 Olympics in Oslo Berge was bronze medalist in the slalom, 1.7 seconds behind gold winner Othmar Schneider.

Berge was a 1954 graduate of Middlebury College.

Vardal Municipality
Vardal is a former municipality in the old Oppland county, Norway. The 273-square-kilometre (105 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1964. The area is now divided between Gjøvik Municipality and Vestre Toten Municipality in the traditional district of Vestoppland. The administrative centre was the village of Vardal where Vardal Church was located. Other villages in the municipality included Bybrua and Øverbygda.

Prior to its dissolution in 1964, the 272.9-square-kilometre (105.4 sq mi) municipality was the 301st largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Vardal Municipality was the 76th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 9,584. The municipality's population density was 35.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (91/sq mi) and its population had increased by3.3 % over the previous 10-year period.
Zelenogorsk, Saint Petersburg
Zelenogorsk (Russian: Зеленого́рск), known as Terijoki prior to 1948 (a name still used in Finnish and Swedish), is a municipal town in Kurortny District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia, located in part of the Karelian Isthmus on the shore of the Gulf of Finland. Population:  14,958 (2010 census); 12,074 (2002 census); 13,032 (1989 Soviet census).

It has a station on the St. Petersburg-Vyborg railroad. It is located about 50 kilometers (31 mi) northwest of central Saint Petersburg.

Administrative divisions of Saint Petersburg
The federal city of Saint Petersburg, Russia, is divided into eighteen rayony ("districts", Russian: районы, singular: rayon), which are in turn subdivided into municipal okrugs, municipal towns, and municipal settlements.
Robbinsdale Armstrong High School
Robbinsdale Armstrong High School (AHS; full name Robbinsdale Neil A. Armstrong Senior High School) is located in Plymouth, Minnesota, just outside Minneapolis. The school serves students from the cities of Robbinsdale, Crystal, New Hope, Plymouth and Golden Valley.

The school offers core subjects as well as technology education, physical education, and the fine arts.  Newsweek ranked the school 1324.
In their "List of the 1500 Top High Schools in America," and The Washington Post ranked AHS as #11 in Minnesota. Armstrong, along with the Robbinsdale Area School District, have also been ranked among the "100 Best Communities for Music Education" by the American Music Conference.

The school's athletic programs have made it to state competitions on many occasions. School tradition maintains that the school's rival is Robbinsdale Cooper. Together, Robbinsdale Armstrong and Robbinsdale Cooper serve the secondary school population of over 4000 students in the district.

Robbinsdale, Minnesota
Robbinsdale is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States. Its population was 14,646 at the 2020 census. The city is in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area and is adjacent to the northwest portion of Minneapolis.
Mauch Chunk station (Central Railroad of New Jersey)
The Central Railroad of New Jersey Station, also known as the Jersey Central Station and Jim Thorpe Station, is a historic railroad station located at Jim Thorpe, Carbon County, Pennsylvania. It was designed by Wilson Brothers & Company of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and built in 1888 by the Central Railroad of New Jersey.  It is a 1+1⁄2-story, five-bay, red brick building in the Queen Anne style.  It features a 3+1⁄2-story, cylindrical corner tower with a cylindrical roof. It is owned by the Lehigh Gorge Scenic Railway and served as a visitor center. The station was one of two serving the community; the Lehigh Valley Railroad had a station on the opposite side of the river.

The station was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 1, 1976.  It is located in the Old Mauch Chunk Historic District. Lehigh Gorge Scenic Railway operates passenger excursions out of the station.

Central Railroad of New Jersey
The Central Railroad of New Jersey, also known as the Jersey Central, Jersey Central Lines or New Jersey Central (reporting mark CNJ), was a Class I railroad with origins in the 1830s. It was absorbed into Conrail in April 1976 along with several other prominent bankrupt railroads of the Northeastern United States.

The CNJ's main line had a major presence in New Jersey. Most of the main line is now used by the Raritan Valley Line passenger service. CNJ main line trackage in Phillipsburg, New Jersey became part of the Lehigh Line under Conrail.
Robert Sayers
Robert John Sayers (27 January 1845 – 12 May 1919) was an English-born Australian politician. Born at Cowes, on the Isle of Wight, he was educated in England before migrating to Australia in 1863. He was a goldminer in New South Wales and then Queensland, and became a mine owner in Charters Towers.

Sayers was elected in 1888 to the Legislative Assembly of Queensland as the member for Charters Towers, serving until 1893. In 1906, he was elected to the Australian Senate as an Anti-Socialist Senator for Queensland, joining the Commonwealth Liberal Party in 1909. He was defeated in 1913.

Sayers died in 1919, aged 74, and was buried in Brisbane's Toowong Cemetery.

Toowong Cemetery
Toowong Cemetery is a heritage-listed cemetery on the corner of Frederick Street and Mt Coot-tha Road, Toowong, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was established in 1866 and formally opened in 1875. It is Queensland's largest cemetery and is located on forty-four hectares of land at the corner of Frederick Street and Mount Coot-tha Road approximately four and a half kilometres west of Brisbane. It was previously known as Brisbane General Cemetery. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 31 December 2002.

Although still used as a cemetery, it is a popular place for joggers and dog walkers, with its over-hanging fig trees and winding pathways. The Friends of Toowong Cemetery is a volunteer group that discover and share the history and stories of Toowong Cemetery. They conduct tours and provide a series of self-guided walks through the cemetery.
Awe + Wonder
Awe + Wonder is the second live album by Nashville-based contemporary worship band The Belonging Co. The album was released through their imprint label, TBCO Music, on September 13, 2019. The featured worship leaders on the album are Meredith Andrews, Cody Carnes, Hope Darst, Natalie Grant, Andrew Holt, Kari Jobe, Maggie Reed, Sarah Reeves, and Henry Seeley.

Awe + Wonder was supported by the release of "Isn't He (This Jesus)" as the lead and only single from the album. "Hosanna" was also released as a promotional single. The album debuted at No. 38 on the US Top Christian Albums chart.

Sarah Reeves
Sarah Elizabeth Reeves (born April 29, 1989) is an American musician and singer who primarily plays a Christian pop and worship style of music. She has released five extended plays and three studio albums (two of which are independently released).
Human rights in East Asia
The situation of human rights in East Asia varies between the region's countries, which differ in history and political orientation, as well as between contexts within each country. Issues such as refugees fleeing East Timor, the Cambodian killing fields and freedom of speech in Singapore are just a few of the well-known human rights conflicts that have arisen in East Asian countries. The subject of human rights in East Asia is still highly topical at the present time.

1999 East Timorese crisis
The 1999 East Timorese crisis began with attacks by pro-Indonesia militia groups on civilians and expanded to general violence throughout the country, centred in the capital Dili. The violence intensified after a majority of eligible East Timorese voters voted for independence from Indonesia. A Scorched Earth Operation by militia groups destroyed 80% of Dili's infrastructure. At least 1,400 civilians are believed to have been murdered both before and after voting. A UN-authorized force (INTERFET) consisting mainly of Australian Defence Force personnel was deployed to East Timor to establish and maintain peace.
George Guthrie (songwriter)
George Guthrie  (born 1842, in Newcastle) moved away from the town eastwards towards the coast, and worked as a blacksmith in Wallsend and Sunderland.

He came to the attention of Joe Wilson, the great Music Hall performer, who said that many of Guthrie’s songs had considerable merit, and were much to be admired.

One of his songs "Heh ye seen wor Cuddy" sung to the tune of  "The King of the Cannibal Islands" appears on page 13 of J. W. Swanston’s The Tyneside Songster and page 518 of Thomas Allan’s illustrated edition of Tyneside Songs and Readings.

Wallsend
Wallsend (/ˌwɔːlzˈɛnd/) is a town in North Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England, at the eastern end of Hadrian's Wall. It has a population of 43,842 and lies four miles (6.5 kilometres) east of Newcastle upon Tyne.
Gianfranco Dalla Barba
Gianfranco Dalla Barba (11 June 1957 – November 2024) was an Italian fencer. He won a gold medal in the team sabre at the 1984 Summer Olympics and a bronze in the same event at the 1988 Summer Olympics. After Graduating in medicine and surgery with a specialization in neurology in 1985 at the university of Padua, he then obtained a PhD in neurological sciences at the University of Siena in 1995. after which he moved to France to become a first researcher at the INSERM in Paris. in 2007, he moved back to Italy as an Associate Professor of Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology at the University of Trieste where he stayed until 2023. On 22 November 2024, it was announced that Dalla Barba had died from cardiac arrest at the age of 67.

Sabre (fencing)
The sabre (US English: saber, both pronounced /ˈseɪbər/) is one of the three disciplines of modern fencing alongside foil & epee. The sabre weapon is for thrusting and cutting with both the cutting edge and the back of the blade (unlike the other modern fencing weapons, the épée and foil, where a touch is scored only using the point of the blade).

The informal term sabre fencer refers to sabre fencers of both genders.