hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anarchism in Timor-Leste
Anarchism in Timor-Leste has its roots in the country's history as a penal colony, when many anarchists were deported there. The movement eventually evolved into an anti-colonial struggle against succeeding occupying powers: first the Portuguese Empire, then the Japanese Empire and the Indonesian New Order, before the country finally achieved independence in 2002.

Penal colony
A penal colony or exile colony is a settlement used to exile prisoners and separate them from the general population by placing them in a remote location, often an island or distant colonial territory. Although the term can be used to refer to a correctional facility located in a remote location, it is more commonly used to refer to communities of prisoners overseen by wardens or governors having absolute authority.

Historically, penal colonies have often been used for penal labour in an economically underdeveloped part of a state's (usually colonial) territories, and on a far larger scale than a prison farm.
William Sidney "Cap" Light
William Sidney "Cap" Light was a Texas lawman from 1884 until his death in 1893, when he accidentally shot himself.  He had a shining reputation, except for the period (1891–1892) when he worked for his brother-in-law, the infamous badman, Soapy Smith in Denver and Creede, Colorado.

Light was born in late 1863, or possibly early 1864, near Belton, Texas.  The son of W. R. Light, a merchant, and Eliza Hyatt Light, both from Tennessee.  William Light's first calling was that of a barber, but at age 20, he accepted a position as a deputy marshal in Belton.  It is believed he was a member of the posse that tracked down and fatally shot a local desperado, William Northcott. on March 24, 1884.

Light married the sister of Soapy Smith, Eva Katherine Smith, of Temple, Texas in June 1887. They had a son, William Jeff Light in 1890 and a daughter, Emma Ruby Light in 1892.

Belton, Texas
Belton is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. Belton is the county seat of Bell County and is the fifth largest city in the Killeen-Temple metropolitan area. In 2020, the population of Belton was 23,054, and the metro region had a population of 450,051 according to US Census estimates.
Gradimir
Gradimir (Cyrillic: Градимир) is a Serbian masculine given name Slavic origin.

Notable people with the name include:

Gradimir Crnogorac (born 1982), Bosnian footballer

Gradimir Gojer (born 1951), Bosnian writer and theater director and writer

Gradimir Milovanović (born 1948), Serbian mathematician

Gradimir Smudja (born 1956), Serbian comic artist

Gradimir Milovanović
Gradimir V. Milovanović (born 2 January 1948) is a Serbian mathematician known for his contributions to approximation theory and numerical analysis. He has published over 280 papers and authored five monographs and more than twenty books in his area. He is a full member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts and of other Serbian and international scientific societies.
Jim Sebesta
James Alvin Sebesta (August 24, 1935 – January 29, 2024) was an American politician. He served as a Republican member of the Florida Senate from 1998 to 2006. He previously served as Hillsborough County Supervisor of Elections from 1970 to 1974. He died on January 29, 2024, at the age of 88.

Jim was a devout Catholic and a leader in several Parishes (especially Corpus Christi in Temple Terrace) and was an eloquent Lector every Sunday. He sacrificed much to make sure all six children had Catholic educations from kindergarten through high school.

Eloquence
Eloquence (from French eloquence from Latin eloquentia) is the quality of speech or writing that is marked by  fluency, elegancy, and persuasiveness. It is also defined as one of the aims of formal oratory and, in this context, refers to the artistic expression of the speech as opposed to its argumentation.

Eloquence is both a natural talent and improved by knowledge of language, study of a specific subject to be addressed, philosophy, rationale and ability to form a persuasive set of tenets within a presentation.

"True eloquence," Oliver Goldsmith says, "Does not consist ... in saying great things in a sublime style, but in a simple style; for there is, properly speaking, no such thing as a sublime style, the sublimity lies only in the things; and when they are not so, the language may be turgid, affected, metaphorical, but not affecting."
Chandrima Bhattacharya
Chandrima Bhattacharya is an Trinamool Congress politician in India and the current Minister of State for Finance (Independent Charge), Health and Family Welfare, Land and Land Reforms, Refugee and Rehabilitation of the Government of West Bengal. Previously, she acted as a minister in the first reshuffle of the ministry in January 2012 after Mamata Banerjee took over as Chief Minister. She was also made the junior Law Minister in October 2012. She was promoted as a cabinet minister and given independent charge of Law and Judicial Department, Government of West Bengal in November 2012.

Bhattacharya holds an LL.B (1976) degree from the University of Calcutta. She was also a practising advocate in Calcutta High Court till the 2011 elections.

She had been elected a Member of the Legislative Assembly on an Trinamool Congress ticket from Dum Dum Uttar in 2011 and 2021 and from Kanthi Dakshin in 2017.

Ministry of Finance (West Bengal)
The Department of Finance is a Bengal Government department associated with the state's economy and finance. The Department of Finance manages the State Government finances and is involved in all economic and financial subjects surrounding the State. This includes allocating and deploying financial resources for social welfare, infrastructure and administrative purposes.

There are two constituted services under Finance Department, Government of West Bengal.

West Bengal Audit and Accounts Service (WBA&AS)

West Bengal Revenue Service (WBRS)
Québec Cinéma
Québec Cinéma is a Canadian organization based in Quebec, whose mission is to promote and develop the Cinema of Quebec.

The organization's programs include the Prix Iris, the annual film awards for Quebec films; the Rendez-vous Québec Cinéma, an annual film festival; the Lab Québec Cinéma, which works with schools to facilitate the use of Quebec films in educational contexts; and Tournée Québec Cinéma, which presents an annual touring minifestival of Quebec films in English Canadian cities where French-language films from Quebec would not otherwise receive theatrical distribution. The organization is also a sponsor of the Prix collégial du cinéma québécois, an educational program which engages film studies students in the province's CEGEPs to present an annual film award.

In December 2018, the organization announced a partnership with Netflix to launch Talent Lab, a professional development program for people entering the film industry.

English Canada
English Canada or Anglophone Canada generally refers to those parts of Canada where the English language dominates social, cultural, and legal affairs, as opposed to the French language. While English and French are both official languages in Canada, the country's English-speaking society constitutes the linguistic majority in every Canadian province and territory except for Quebec.
Troaking
Troaking was the barter between the natives of Greenland and whalers from ports in Scotland.

From the signing of the Treaty of Kiel in 1814 until the occupation of Denmark by Nazi Germany in 1940, Greenland was a protected and very isolated society. The Danish government, which governed Greenland as its colony, had been convinced that this society would face exploitation from the outside world or even extinction if the country was opened up, and thus it maintained a strict monopoly of Greenland's economy barring any trading or fishing within a certain distance of the Greenlandic coast. It did not, however, prohibit the sale of small articles not used in their trade, thus creating a loophole that enabled the practice of troaking, a barter between the natives and the Scottish whalers.

Loophole
A loophole is an ambiguity or inadequacy in a system, such as a law or security, which can be used to circumvent or otherwise avoid the purpose, implied or explicitly stated, of the system.

Originally, the word meant an arrowslit, a narrow vertical window in a wall through which an archer (or, later, gunman) could shoot. Loopholes were commonly used in U.S. forts built during the 1800s. Located in the sally port, a loophole was considered a last ditch defense, where guards could close off the inner and outer doors trapping enemy soldiers and using small arms fire through the slits.

Legal loopholes are distinct from lacunae, although the two terms are often used interchangeably. In a loophole, a law addressing a certain issue exists, but can be legally circumvented due to a technical defect in the law, such as a situation where the details are under-specified. A lacuna, on the other hand, is a situation in which no law exists in the first place to address that particular issue.
Podaa Podi (soundtrack)
Podaa Podi is the soundtrack album for 2012 Tamil film of the same name directed by Vignesh Shivan, starring Silambarasan and Varalaxmi Sarathkumar. The film's musical score and soundtrack were composed by Dharan Kumar, and featured eight songs with lyrics written by Silambarasan, Vignesh, Na. Muthukumar and Vaali. The song "Love Panlaama Venama" was released as the lead single on 6 September 2012, and the album was released under the Sony Music India label on 10 October.

Karthik Srinivasan
Karthik Srinivasan (/kɑːrθɪk sriːnɪvɑːsən/) is an Indian communications strategy consultant, music critic and blogger. He is the founder of the website ItwoFS, which tracks plagiarism in Indian film music, and Milliblog, where he reviews music albums.
Willard Webster Eggleston
Willard Webster Eggleston (March 28, 1863 in Pittsfield, Vermont – November 25, 1935 in Washington, D.C.) was an American botanist, employed by the United States Department of Agriculture Bureau of Plant Industry.
He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1891 with a Bachelor of Science degree. In his work on the taxonomy of Crataegus (hawthorns), now known to be complicated by apomixis, polyploidy, and hybridization, he aimed to simplify, counteracting the proliferation of species names that other botanists had produced.

Crataegus
Crataegus (/krəˈtiːɡəs/), commonly called hawthorn, quickthorn, thornapple, May-tree, whitethorn, Mayflower or hawberry, is a genus of several hundred species of shrubs and trees in the family Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. The name "hawthorn" was originally applied to the species native to northern Europe, especially the common hawthorn C. monogyna, and the unmodified name is often so used in Britain and Ireland. The name is now also applied to the entire genus and to the related Asian genus Rhaphiolepis.
Jitō period
The Jitō period  is a chronological timeframe during the Asuka period of Japanese history. The Jitō period describes a span of years which were considered to have begun in the 1347th year of the imperial dynasty.

This periodization is congruent with the reign of Empress Jitō, which is traditionally considered to have been from 686 through 697.

Chronology
Chronology (from Latin chronologia, from Ancient Greek χρόνος, chrónos, 'time'; and -λογία, -logia) is the science of arranging events in their order of occurrence in time, such as in a timeline or other sequence of events. It is also "the determination of the actual temporal sequence of past events".

Chronology is a part of periodization. It is also a part of the discipline of history including earth history, the earth sciences, and study of the geologic time scale.
Francis Perron
Francis Perron (born April 18, 1996) is a Canadian professional ice hockey forward who is currently playing Dragons de Rouen in the Ligue Magnus (FRA). Perron was selected by the Ottawa Senators in the seventh round, 190th overall, in the 2014 NHL Entry Draft.

2014 NHL entry draft
The 2014 NHL entry draft was the 52nd entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 27–28, 2014, at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The top three selections were Aaron Ekblad by the Florida Panthers, Sam Reinhart by the Buffalo Sabres, and Leon Draisaitl by the Edmonton Oilers. This draft featured the first selection of a player from Oceania with Australian Nathan Walker being selected by the Washington Capitals in the third round.

As of 2025 there are 58 active NHL players from this draft.
Dedekind zeta function
In mathematics, the Dedekind zeta function of an algebraic number field K, generally denoted , is a generalization of the Riemann zeta function that represents information of ideals in number ring in the similar way as Riemann zeta function represents information about integers.

Dedekind zeta functions generalize many properties of Riemann zeta function: they can be defined as a Dirichlet series, have an analytic continuation to a meromorphic function on the complex plane C with only a simple pole at s = 1, have an Euler product expansion, and satisfies a functional equation. Values of Dedekind zeta functions encode important arithmetic data of K.

The Dedekind zeta function is named for Richard Dedekind who introduced it in his supplement to Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet's Vorlesungen über Zahlentheorie.

Vorlesungen über Zahlentheorie
Vorlesungen über Zahlentheorie (German pronunciation: [ˈfoːɐ̯ˌleːzʊŋən ˈyːbɐ ˈtsaːlənteoˌʁiː]; German for Lectures on Number Theory) is the name of several different textbooks of number theory. The best known was written by Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet and Richard Dedekind, and published in 1863. Others were written by Leopold Kronecker, Edmund Landau, and Helmut Hasse. They all cover elementary number theory, Dirichlet's theorem, quadratic fields and forms, and sometimes more advanced topics.
Papilio rutulus
Papilio rutulus, the western tiger swallowtail, is a swallowtail butterfly belonging to the Papilionidae family. The species was first described by Hippolyte Lucas in 1852.

Like the other tiger swallowtails, the western tiger swallowtail was formerly classified in genus Pterourus, but modern classifications all agree in placing them within Papilio.

Hippolyte Lucas
Pierre-Hippolyte Lucas (17 January 1814 – 5 July 1899) was a French entomologist.

Lucas was an assistant-naturalist at the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. From 1839 to 1842 he studied fauna as part of the scientific commission on the exploration of Algeria.

His brother was Prosper Lucas.
Panoche Creek
Panoche Creek is a creek in San Benito and Fresno Counties, California, in the United States.

Historical names include Arroyo de Panoche Grande (Big Sugarloaf Creek) and the anglicized Big Panoche Creek. For a time its lower reaches were called "Silver Creek."

The source of Panoche Creek is a pond just east of Panoche Pass in the Diablo Range. It flows to the east through the Panoche Valley into the San Joaquin Valley west of Mendota near the former site of Hayes Station.

Panoche Creek has the largest drainage area of any stream on the east slope of the Diablo Range.

Mendota, California
Mendota is a city in Fresno County, California, United States. The population was 12,595 at the 2020 U.S. Census.  State Routes 180 and 33 run through the agricultural city. Mendota is located 8.5 miles (14 km) south-southeast of Firebaugh.
Henry Crimmel
Henry Crimmel (February 14, 1844 – October 10, 1917) was an American glassmaker who became well known in Ohio and Indiana.  A German that came with his family to America at the age of eight years, the American Civil War veteran started at the lowest level in glass making, and learned every aspect of the business.  A skilled glassblower known for his glassmaking expertise and the recipient of two patents, he also worked in management in at least three glass factories – and was one of the co-founders of the Novelty Glass Company (of Fostoria) and the reorganized version of Sneath Glass Company.  He retired with over 50 years in the industry.

Glassblowing
Glassblowing is a glassforming technique that involves inflating molten glass into a bubble (or parison) with the aid of a blowpipe (or blow tube). A person who blows glass is called a glassblower, while the head of a glassblowing workshop is known as a gaffer. A lampworker (often also called a glassblower or glassworker) manipulates glass with the use of a torch on a smaller scale, such as in producing precision laboratory glassware out of borosilicate glass.
Hestiochora occidentalis
Hestiochora occidentalis is a species of moth in the family Zygaenidae. It is endemic to the temperate parts of Western Australia.

The length of the forewings is 7.5–9 mm for males and 8.5–9 mm for females. It is a tropical species with possibly several generations per year.

The ecology is unknown, but the species has been found on localities dominated by Eucalyptus calophylla, Eucalyptus marginata and Eucalyptus rudis.

Zygaenidae
The Zygaenidae moths are a family of Lepidoptera. The majority of zygaenids are tropical, but they are nevertheless quite well represented in temperate regions. Some of the 1000 or so species are commonly known as burnet or forester moths, often qualified by the number of spots, although other families also have 'foresters'. They are also sometimes called smoky moths.

All 43 species of Australian zygaenids are commonly known as foresters and belong to the tribe Artonini. The only nonendemic species in Australia is Palmartona catoxantha, a Southeast Asian pest species which is believed to be already present in Australia or likely to arrive soon.
Prosopalpus debilis
Prosopalpus debilis, the western dwarf skipper, is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, western Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Ethiopia, north-western Tanzania and northern Zambia. The habitat consists of forests.

Skipper (butterfly)
Skippers are a group of butterflies placed in the family Hesperiidae within the order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea, but have since been placed in the superfamily Papilionoidea (the butterflies). They are named for their quick, darting flight habits. Most have their antenna tips modified into narrow, hook-like projections. Moreover, skippers mostly lack wing-coupling structure available in most moths. More than 3500 species of skippers are recognized, and they occur worldwide, but with the greatest diversity in the Neotropical regions of Central and South America.
Concert in Blue
Concert in Blue (stylised as CONCERT IN~BLUE) is an in-studio live performance installation, also released as film, (the second live release) by Swedish audiovisual project iamamiwhoami, led by singer-songwriter Jonna Lee. It was released on 2 September 2015 in both physical and digital formats. The album was announced on 30 April 2015 through the website of Lee's label, To whom it may concern, and on the same day, it was made available for pre-order via the same website. The live show of Concert In Blue was recorded (and streamed) on 29 April 2015. The concert also sees the release of the first new iamamiwhoami song since 2014, titled "The Deadlock", which was the first single released from the album on 2 September 2015.

Comme des Garçons
Comme des Garçons (CDG, pronounced [kɔm de ɡaʁsɔ̃]) is a Japanese fashion label, founded by Rei Kawakubo in 1969. It is based in Paris, where its main office is located. Other than fashion, the label has expanded to include jewelry and perfume (under the brand Comme des Garçons Parfums).

The company shows its collections during Paris Fashion Week and Paris Men's Fashion Week. In 2017, it was reported that the company and its affiliates generated a revenue "of over $280 million a year".
Hope Jahren
Anne Hope Jahren (born September 27, 1969) is an American geochemist and geobiologist at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette, known for her work using stable isotope analysis to analyze fossil forests dating to the Eocene. She has won many awards in the field, including the James B. Macelwane Medal of the American Geophysical Union.

Her book Lab Girl (2016) has been praised as both "a personal memoir and a paean to the natural world", a literary fusion of memoir and science writing, and "a compellingly earthy narrative".

Isotope analysis
Isotope analysis is the identification of isotopic signature, abundance of certain stable isotopes of chemical elements within organic and inorganic compounds. Isotopic analysis can be used to understand the flow of energy through a food web, to reconstruct past environmental and climatic conditions, to investigate human and animal diets, for food authentification, and a variety of other physical, geological, palaeontological and chemical processes. Stable isotope ratios are measured using mass spectrometry, which separates the different isotopes of an element on the basis of their mass-to-charge ratio.
Foveran Links
Foveran Links is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in the parish of Foveran, in  Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It consists of a mobile dune system located along the coast south of the Ythan Estuary, which separates it from the sand dunes of the Forvie National Nature Reserve. The southern parts of the site were partially destroyed by the construction of the Trump International Golf Links resort, which has led to the start of a consultation for the removal of its SSSI status.

Foveran
Foveran is the name of both a parish and village in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. The village is located 11 miles (18 km) north of Aberdeen and 4 miles (6.4 km) southeast of Ellon; the main group of houses and the village school are located adjacent to the main A90 trunk road.

The origin of the place-name is from the Scottish Gaelic word fuaran indicating a place with a little spring and appears as Furene in c. 1150.

The hereditary baronetcy of Foveran is held by the Turing family (see Turing Baronets). The cryptographer and computing pioneer Alan Turing (1912–1954) was uncle to the present Baronet.
Gary Lynagh
Gary Joseph James Lynagh OAM (born 4 June 1970) is an eleven time Australian national champion, three time World Champion and Olympian lightweight rower. He represented Australia at every premier international regatta from 1990 to 1998.

Lightweight rowing
Lightweight rowing (abbreviated Lwt or Lt) is a category of rowing where limits are placed on the maximum body weight of competitors. According to the International Rowing Federation (FISA), this weight category was introduced "to encourage more universality in the sport especially among nations with less statuesque people".

At the international level, for crew boats, the limits are:

Men: Crew average 70 kg (154.3 lb) – no rower over 72.5 kg (159.8 lb)

Women: Crew average 57 kg (125.7 lb) – no rower over 59 kg (130.1 lb)

For single sculls, the limits are 72.5 kg (159.8 lb) for men and 59 kg (130.1 lb) for women.
Ardozyga deltodes
Ardozyga deltodes is a species of moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was first described by Oswald Bertram Lower in 1896. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Victoria and New South Wales.

Oswald Bertram Lower
Oswald Bertram Lower (28 February 1864 in Norwood, South Australia – 18 March 1925 in Wayville, South Australia) was an Australian chemist and pharmacist who is best known for his contributions to entomology, in particular butterflies and moths. His collection is now at the South Australian Museum.

In 1909 he married Eva Linda May (Davies) Lower. The couple had two sons: Oswald Bertram and Raymond Brackleigh.
Flight Design MC
The Flight Design MC (Metal Concept) is a German light-sport aircraft, designed and produced by Flight Design, introduced at AirVenture in 2008. The aircraft is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Flight Design
Flight Design General Aviation GmbH (formerly Flight Design GmbH) is a German aircraft design company and aircraft manufacturer, formerly based in Leinfelden-Echterdingen and Kamenz and now in Eisenach.