hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trabzon 19 Mayıs Arena
Trabzon 19 Mayıs Arena (Turkish: Trabzon 19 Mayıs Spor Salonu) is an indoor basketball venue located in Trabzon, Turkey.

Built in 1951, the venue hosted the 2007 Black Sea Games. Following renovation works in 2010, basketball matches for girls were played at this arena during the 2011 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival.

The arena is home to the basketball teams of the clubs Trabzonspor Basketball, Trabzon İdmanocağı and Trabzon Belediyesi S.K.

Black Sea Games
The Black Sea Games was a multi-sport event intended to be held every four years, mainly for nations bordering the Black Sea.

The first such event was held in Trabzon, Turkey July 2 to July 8, 2007. A total of 1,277 athletes (937 men and 340 women) from 11 countries participated, with 186 medals won in 13 different sports.

Subsequent games were originally scheduled for 2010 (Constanța, Romania) and 2014 (Samsun, Turkey), but were not held.
William C. Speare
William Collins Speare (August 24, 1915 – May 31, 1999) was a Canadian politician who served as a member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) of British Columbia from 1957 to 1966, representing the constituency of Cariboo as part of the British Columbia Social Credit Party caucus.

Born in Winnipeg, he worked as an administrator at the Cariboo General Hospital and Quesnel's G.R. Baker Memorial Hospital. He was elected to the BC legislature in a 1957 by-election, triggered by the death of Cariboo MLA Ralph Chetwynd.: 272  He was re-elected in the 1960 and 1963 provincial elections, and served as the deputy speaker of the legislature in the 27th Parliament from 1964 to 1966. After winning re-election in 1966, Speare resigned his seat that October to make way for Attorney General Robert Bonner, who lost his own seat in Vancouver-Point Grey; Bonner went on to win the November 1966 by-election.: 300

Vancouver-Point Grey
Vancouver-Point Grey is a provincial electoral district in British Columbia that has been represented in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia since 1933. Since 2013, the riding has been represented by David Eby, who has been leader of the New Democratic Party and Premier of British Columbia since 2022.
Ash Creek Wildlife Area
Ash Creek Wildlife Area is a protected area managed by California Department of Fish and Wildlife. It is located in Lassen and Modoc Counties of northeastern California, about 5 miles (9 kilometers) northeast of Bieber. It was created in 1986 to provide habitats for local species.

Lassen County, California
Lassen County (/ˈlæsən/ ⓘ LASS-ən) is a county located in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 32,730, and was estimated to be 28,340 in 2024, Its county seat and the largest city is Susanville.

Lassen County comprises the Susanville, California micropolitan statistical area. A former farming, mining, and lumber area, its economy now depends on employment at one federal and two state prisons; the former in Herlong and the latter two in Susanville. In 2007, half the adults in Susanville worked in one of the facilities.
Edward Wingfield Humphreys
Edward Wingfield Humphreys (1841 – April 1892) was a New Zealand member of parliament representing Christchurch North from 1889 to 1890.  He was also a farmer in Otago, and his extended family included a number of political figures.

Mayor of Christchurch
The mayor of Christchurch is the elected head of local government in Christchurch, New Zealand; one of 67 mayors in the country. The mayor presides over the Christchurch City Council and is directly elected using the first-past-the-post method. The current mayor, Phil Mauger, was first elected in 2022. The current deputy mayor is Victoria Henstock.

Christchurch was initially governed by the chairman of the town council. In 1868, the chairman became the city council's first mayor as determined by his fellow city councillors. Since 1875, the mayor is elected by eligible voters and, after an uncontested election, the first election was held in the following year.
1997 Volvo PGA Championship
The 1997 Volvo PGA Championship was the 43rd edition of the Volvo PGA Championship, an annual professional golf tournament on the European Tour. It was held 23–26 May at the West Course of Wentworth Club in Virginia Water, Surrey, England, a suburb southwest of London.

Ian Woosnam won his second Volvo PGA Championship with a two stroke victory over Darren Clarke, Ernie Els and Nick Faldo.

Wentworth Club
Wentworth Club is a privately owned golf club and country club in Virginia Water, Surrey, on the south western fringes of London, not far from Windsor Castle. The club was founded in 1922. Beijing-based Reignwood Group bought the club in September 2014 and implemented a new debenture membership structure, starting at £100,000. The debenture is now estimated at £200,000.

Wentworth is home to the headquarters of the PGA European Tour, the professional golf tour. Each year, it hosts the Tour's PGA Championship, which is played on the club's West Course. Wentworth was the venue of the 1953 Ryder Cup and of the World Match Play Championship from 1964 until 2007.
Ptychamalia
Ptychamalia is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae described by Prout in 1932. Its only species, Ptychamalia dorneraria, was first described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1913. It is found in North America.

The MONA or Hodges number for Ptychamalia dorneraria is 7131.

James Halliday McDunnough
James Halliday McDunnough (10 May 1877 – 23 February 1962) was a Canadian linguist, musician, and entomologist best known for his work with North American Lepidoptera, but who also made important contributions about North American Ephemeroptera.
Zelzal
Zelzal (Persian: زلزال-۱, meaning "Earthquake") is a series of artillery rockets developed by Iran. The series consists of:

Zelzal-1, with an estimated range of 150 km (93 mi)

Zelzal-2, with an estimated range of 210 km (130 mi)

Zelzal-3, with an estimated range of 200 km (120 mi)

These rockets were developed by Hassan Tehrani Moghaddam following development the Shahab-1 and Shahab-2.

Zelzal-2
Zelzal-2/Mushak-200 (Persian: زلزال-۲, meaning "Earthquake") is an Iranian unguided long-range artillery rocket. The Zelzal-2 is a 610 mm truck-launched rocket that has a payload of 600 kg and a range of about 200 km. Development of the Zelzal series began in 1990 and the Zelzal-2 was first shown in 1998. It is developed from the Zelzal-1 and was developed into the Zelzal-3. It has been exported to Syria, Hezbollah, and the Houthis, and has seen combat use in the Syrian Civil War and Yemeni Civil War.

The rocket is thought to be based on the Soviet 9K52 Luna-M rocket.
Weenie Beenie
Weenie Beenie is a fast food restaurant, formerly part of a chain. Weenie Beenie predominantly sells half-smokes, hot dogs, pulled pork sandwiches, and soft drinks.

Weenie Beenie was founded by Carl and Bill Staton in Arlington, Virginia in 1950. Bill, a billiards player, used money from his pool playing to fund the restaurants, which numbered six at one time. Bill was also known by the nickname "Weenie Beenie". The final Weenie Beenie is the original location, in the Shirlington section of Arlington. It is now particularly well known for its half-smokes.

Dave Grohl, frontman for the band Foo Fighters and a former Washington metropolitan area resident who also lived in the Del Ray area of Alexandria, Virginia, titled a song on the Foo Fighters' first album "Weenie Beenie" after the restaurant.

Washington metropolitan area
The Washington metropolitan area (also referred to as the National Capital Region, Greater Washington, or locally as the DMV, short for District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia) is the metropolitan area comprising Washington, D.C., the federal capital of the United States, and its surroundings. The metropolitan area includes all of Washington, D.C., and parts of Maryland, Virginia and even West Virginia.

The United States federal government defines the area as the Washington–DC, VA–MD–WV metropolitan statistical area. It anchors the southern end of the densely populated Northeast megalopolis and is part of the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area, the country's third-largest. The area's estimated total population of 6,304,975 (as of 2023) makes it the country's seventh-most populous metropolitan area. It is one of the country's most educated and affluent metropolitan areas.
Bombalurina
Bombalurina is a principal character in the Andrew Lloyd Webber musical Cats. The musical is an adaptation of T. S. Eliot's 1939 poetry book Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats, and the character's name is given in the poem "The Naming of Cats". Bombalurina is a flirtatious, confident female and mischievous cat with a distinct red coat. The role was originated by Geraldine Gardner in the West End in 1981, and by Donna King on Broadway in 1982. In the 2019 film adaptation, she is played by Taylor Swift.

The Naming of Cats
The Naming of Cats is a poem in T. S. Eliot's 1939 poetry book Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats. It was adapted into a musical number in Andrew Lloyd Webber's 1981 musical Cats, and has also been quoted in other films, notably Logan's Run (1976). The poem describes to humans how cats get their names.
Poyntonophrynus parkeri
Poyntonophrynus parkeri (common names: Parker's toad, Mangasini toad) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is found in central Tanzania and in southwestern Kenya, from the Usangu Plain in the south northward to the southern Great Rift Valley, Kenya. It is a poorly known species, however, and its distribution might be broader.

Toad
Toad (also known as a hoptoad) is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands.

In popular culture (folk taxonomy), toads are distinguished from frogs by their drier, rougher skin and association with more terrestrial habitats. However, this distinction does not align precisely with scientific taxonomy.
Asansol
Asansol is a city in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the second largest city in West Bengal. It is the 33rd largest urban agglomeration in India by population. Asansol is the district headquarters of Paschim Bardhaman district. According to a 2010 report released by the International Institute for Environment and Development, a UK-based policy research non-governmental body, Asansol was ranked 11th among Indian cities and 42nd in the world in its list of 100 fastest-growing cities. Asansol is classed as a Y-category city for calculation of HRA (House Rent Allowance) for public servants (rate 16%) making it a "Tier-II" city.

Classification of Indian cities
The classification of Indian cities is a ranking system used by the Government of India to allocate House Rent Allowance (HRA) to public servants employed in cities in India. HRA is also used by the Indian Revenue Service (IRS) to provide income tax exemptions. Cities are classified on the basis of their population, as recommended by the Sixth Central Pay Finance. Under the latest HRA city ranking scheme, most popular media and culture considers only Tier-X cities to be metropolitan in nature. These eight cities are considered India's "metros".
Udo Thiel
Udo Thiel (born 19 September 1954) is a German Philosopher and Professor i. R. at the Department of Philosophy at the University of Graz, Austria. He studied philosophy at the Universities of Marburg, Bonn and Oxford. In 1982 he completed his doctorate under the supervision of Hans Wagner at the University of Bonn. Prior to his appointment as professor of the history of philosophy at the University of Graz in 2009, he held positions at the University of Sydney and the Australian National University in Canberra. Since November 2022 he has been a Visitor at the Department of Philosophy at the University of Bonn.  His research focuses on seventeenth- and eighteenth-century epistemology, metaphysics and philosophy of mind. He is a member of the Editorial Board of Locke Studies.
In 2013 Udo Thiel was elected a Corresponding Member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW). In 2014 he received the Styrian government Award (Forschungspreis) for his research in early modern philosophy.

Early modern philosophy
Early modern philosophy (also classical modern philosophy) was a period in the history of philosophy that overlaps with the beginning of the period known as modern philosophy. It succeeded the medieval era of philosophy. Early modern philosophy is usually thought to have occurred between the 16th and 18th centuries, though some philosophers and historians may put this period slightly earlier. During this time, influential philosophers included Descartes, Locke, Hume, and Kant, all of whom contributed to the current understanding of philosophy.
Sklerolibyon
Sklerolibyon is an extinct genus of megacheiran marine arthropod, known from the Cambrian aged Chengjiang biota of Yunnan, China. It is a member of the family Jianfengiidae, alongside Jianfengia and Fortiforceps, and possibly also Parapeytoia. Specimens are around 2.5 centimetres (0.98 in) in length. The body is greatly elongated, and head shield is heavily sclerotised, with a pair of spines radiating outward from the sides. Alongside the pair of great appendages, there are a pair of stalked eyes and at least two other pairs of limbs on the cephalon. The trunk has 34 segments with corresponding biramous appendages, with typically megacheiran paddle-shaped exopods. The tail is unknown but like Jianfengia probably ended in a telson spine.

Telson
The telson (from Ancient Greek  τέλσον 'headlands, limit') is the hindmost division of the body of an arthropod. Depending on the definition, the telson is either considered to be the final segment of the arthropod body, or an additional division that is not a true segment on account of not arising in the embryo from teloblast areas as other segments. It never carries any appendages, but a forked "tail" called the caudal furca may be present. The shape and composition of the telson differs between arthropod groups.
St. Onuphrius Monastery
31°46′05″N 35°14′00″E﻿ / ﻿31.76806°N 35.23333°E﻿ / 31.76806; 35.23333

The St. Onuphrius Monastery (Greek: Ιερά Μονή του Οσίου Ονουφρίου) is an Orthodox monastery for women located in the potter's field (Akeldama in Aramaic) that the Jewish elders purchased with the thirty pieces of silver returned by Judas Iscariot that had been given for betraying Jesus. The location is south of the Old City of Jerusalem and on the southern slope of the Gehenna valley, close to the Kidron Valley. Subject to the Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem, it is named after the fourth-century anchorite monk Saint Onuphrius.

Thirty pieces of silver
Thirty pieces of silver was the price for which Judas Iscariot betrayed Jesus, according to an account in the Gospel of Matthew 26:15 in the New Testament. Before the Last Supper, Judas is said to have gone to the chief priests and agreed to hand over Jesus in exchange for 30 silver coins and to have attempted to return the money afterwards, filled with remorse.

The Gospel of Matthew claims that the subsequent purchase of the potter's field was fulfilment by Jesus of a prophecy of Zechariah.

The image has often been used in artwork depicting the Passion of Christ. The phrase is used in literature and common speech to refer to people "selling out", compromising a trust, friendship, or loyalty for personal gain.
Bible Study Fellowship
Christianity portal

Bible Study Fellowship (also known as BSF) is an international Christian interdenominational or parachurch fellowship of lay people offering a system of structured Bible study. It was founded in 1959 by Audrey Wetherell Johnson, a British evangelist to China.

Parachurch organization
Parachurch organizations are Christian faith-based organizations that work outside and across denominations to engage in social welfare and evangelism. Parachurch organizations seek to come alongside the church and specialize in things that individual churches may not be able to specialize in by themselves. They often cross denominational and national boundaries providing specialized services and training.
Lamont Hamilton
Lamont Alexander "Monty" Hamilton (born April 6, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for Niigata Albirex BB of the Japanese B.League. He is a 6-foot-10-inch (2.08 m) tall power forward-center.

EuroCup Basketball All-EuroCup Team
The EuroCup Basketball All-EuroCup Team is an annual award of the secondary level European-wide professional club basketball league, the EuroCup. The EuroCup is the European-wide professional basketball league that is one tier level below the top-tier level EuroLeague. It is an award for the top ten players of each season of the EuroCup. The award began with the 2008–09 season.
Borbély
Borbély (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈborbeːj], "barber") is a Hungarian surname. Notable people with this name include:

Alexander Borbély (born 1939), Hungarian-born Swiss scientist working in sleep research

Balázs Borbély (born 1979), Slovak footballer of Hungarian ethnicity

Csaba Borbély (born 1980), Romanian professional football player of Hungarian ethnicity

László Borbély (born 1954), Romanian economist and politician of Hungarian ethnicity

Zsanett Borbély (born 1978), Hungarian handball player

Alexander Borbély
Alexander A. Borbély (born March 25, 1939 in Budapest) is a Hungarian-Swiss pharmacologist known for his sleep research.

Borbély proposed the two-process model of sleep regulation in 1982 which postulates there are two complementary processes (S and C, which stands for Sleep and Circadian, respectively) which together account for one's sleep schedule. This model has been widely influential and strongly influenced the field of circadian neuroscience for decades.
2004 Tri Nations Series
The 2004 Tri Nations Series, an annual rugby union competition between the national teams of Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, was the ninth in the series. The competition is organised by SANZAR, a consortium of the three countries' rugby union federations. The series was contested in its original double round-robin format, with each team playing the others twice.

South Africa won the first ever Freedom Cup in a one-off home test against New Zealand. New Zealand retained the Bledisloe Cup against Australia.

Bledisloe Cup
The Bledisloe Cup is an annual rugby union competition between the national teams of Australia's Wallabies and New Zealand's All Blacks that has been contested since the 1930s. The frequency that the competition is held has varied, as has the number of matches played in each tournament, but it currently consists of an annual two-match series, with the matches counting towards The Rugby Championship. New Zealand has had the most success, winning the trophy in 2025 for the 53rd time and 22nd in succession (excluding the disputed inaugural competition in 1931), while Australia has won the trophy 12 times.
Nonlinear X-wave
In physics, a nonlinear X-wave (NLX) is a multi-dimensional wave that can travel without distortion.

At variance with X-waves, a nonlinear X-wave does exist in the presence of nonlinearity, and in many cases it self-generates from a Gaussian (in any direction) wave packet.

The distinctive feature of an NLX is its "biconical" shape, (see figure) which appears as an "X" in any section plane containing the wave peak and the direction of propagation.

So far, nonlinear X-waves have been only observed in nonlinear optics experiments, and have been predicted to occur in a variety of nonlinear media including Bose–Einstein condensates.

Physical Review Letters
Physical Review Letters (PRL), established in 1958, is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal that is published 52 times per year by the American Physical Society. The journal is considered one of the most prestigious in the field of physics. Over a quarter of Physics Nobel Prize-winning papers between 1995 and 2017 were published in it.

PRL is published both online and as a print journal. Its focus is on short articles ("letters") for a broad readership. The Lead Editor (main science advisor) is Rafael Fernandes. The Chief Editor (responsible for the journal content), is Robert Garisto.
Pyrrhospora endaurantia
Pyrrhospora endaurantia is a species of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. Found in Kenya, it was described as a new species in 2021 by the lichenologists Klaus Kalb and André Aptroot. The type was collected on the Roaring Rocks in Tsavo West National Park (Central Province), at an altitude of about 1,300 m (4,300 ft). Here it was found growing on tree twigs in a savannah. The lichen has a dull, pale grey thallus bordered by a black hypothallus about 0.1 mm wide. The specific epithet endaurantia refers to its orange-red subhymenium and orange hypothecium (the tissue immediately below the subhymenium). The thallus of the lichen turns yellow with the K chemical spot test. Thin-layer chromatography showed the presence of atranorin in the thallus.

André Aptroot
André Aptroot (Heemskerk, 1961) is a Dutch mycologist and lichenologist. His primary research focus is on biodiversity, particularly tropical lichens, encompassing systematics, floristic surveys, and taxonomic reviews. A prolific researcher, he has published more than 500 scientific papers and described hundreds of new fungal and lichen species.
Asian Politics & Policy
Asian Politics & Policy is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Policy Studies Organization and the Center for Asian Politics and Policy. The journal was established in 2009.  The current editor-in-chief is Aries A. Arugay of the University of the Philippines Diliman. The journal focuses on political science, public policy, and economics in Asia and international relations among Asian countries as well as between Asia and the rest of the world. The journal is abstracted and indexed in Scopus.

Wiley-Blackwell
Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons. It was formed by the merger of John Wiley & Sons Global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing in 2007.

Wiley-Blackwell is now an imprint that publishes a diverse range of academic and professional fields, including biology, medicine, physical sciences, technology, social science, and the humanities.
Aftermath of the 2008 Mumbai attacks
In the aftermath of the 2008 Mumbai attacks, there were multiple and far-ranging events that were observed. Besides the immediate impact on the victims and their families, the attacks caused widespread anger among the Indian public, and condemnations from countries throughout the world.

The immediate impact was felt on Mumbai and Maharashtra state, and throughout urban India. There were also after-effects on the Indian government, centre-state relations within India, Indo-Pakistani relations, domestic impact within Pakistan, the United States's relationships with both countries, the US-led NATO war in Afghanistan, and on the global war on terror.
There was also impact on the region of Kashmir and this also led to the 2010 Kashmir Unrest.

Masood Azhar
Muhammad Masood Azhar Alvi (born 10 July or 7 August 1968) is a Pakistani militant leader, who is the founder and  current leader of militant organisation Jaish-e-Mohammed, a Pakistan-based Islamic Deobandi jihadist organisation. His actions are not limited to the South Asian region; for instance, BBC News described him as "the man who brought jihad to Britain". On 1 May 2019, he was listed as an international terrorist by the United Nations Security Council.