hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caloptilia syrphetias
Caloptilia syrphetias is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Brunei, China (Sichuan, Fujian, Hubei), Hong Kong, India, Indonesia (Sulawesi), Japan (Honshū, Kyūshū, the Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia (Pahang), Sri Lanka and Thailand.

The wingspan is 13.5-16.5 mm.

The larvae feed on Persea thunbergii. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Machilus thunbergii
Machilus thunbergii (syn. Persea thunbergii), the Japanese bay tree, red machilus, or tabunoki, is a widespread species of flowering plant in the family Lauraceae. It is native to Vietnam, Taiwan, southeast and north-central China, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan. A sturdy evergreen tree, usually 10–15 m (30–50 ft) tall, and reaching 20 m (70 ft), it is used for timber, and as a street tree. Its bark is the source of makko, a powder used to make a mosquito‑repelling incense. It prefers coastal areas, and can handle saline soil.
Chile at the Copa América
The Copa América is South America's major tournament in senior men's football and determines the continental champion. Until 1967, the tournament was known as South American Championship. It is the oldest continental championship in the world.

Chile are one of the four national teams that participated in the inaugural South American Championship in 1916. During their first six participations, they always ranked last, until they recorded their first match wins in 1926.

It took 99 years for them to win their first continental title, which they defended at the Copa América Centenario in 2016.

Chile won both the 2015 and 2016 final against Argentina on penalties, even though they have never defeated the Albiceleste over regular time in tournament history (30 attempts).

1916 South American Championship
The 1916 South American Championship (Spanish: 1916 Campeonato Sudamericano) was the first continental championship for national association football teams in South America. It was held in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 2 to 17 July during Argentina's Independence Centenary commemorations. The tournament was won by Uruguay, who drew (0–0) with Argentina in the last match of the tournament at Racing Club Stadium. Uruguay's Isabelino Gradín was the top scorer with three goals.
Football Association of Slovenia
The Football Association of Slovenia (Slovene: Nogometna zveza Slovenije or NZS) is the governing body of football in Slovenia. It organizes the first division (1. SNL), second division (2. SNL), third division (East and West), Slovenian Cup, Slovenian Women's League, and other competitions. It is also responsible for the Slovenia national football team and the Slovenia women's national football team. It was founded as Ljubljana Football Subassociation on 24 April 1920.

Slovenian Third League
The Slovenian Third Football League (Slovene: Tretja slovenska nogometna liga or commonly 3. SNL) is the third tier of the Slovenian football system. Since 2019, the league consists of two regional groups (East and West). They are operated by the Intercommunal Football Associations.
Open Software License
The Open Software License (OSL) is a software license created by Lawrence Rosen. The Open Source Initiative (OSI) has certified it as an open-source license, but the Debian project judged version 1.1 to be incompatible with the DFSG. The OSL is a copyleft license, with a termination clause triggered by filing a lawsuit alleging patent infringement.

Many people in the free software and open-source community feel that software patents are harmful to software, and are particularly harmful to open-source software. The OSL attempts to counteract that by creating a pool of software which a user can use if that user does not harm it by attacking it with a patent lawsuit.

Software patent
A software patent is a patent on a piece of software, such as a computer program, library, user interface, or algorithm. The validity of these patents can be difficult to evaluate, as software is often at once a product of engineering, something typically eligible for patents, and an abstract concept, which is typically not. This gray area, along with the difficulty of patent evaluation for intangible, technical works such as libraries and algorithms, makes software patents a frequent subject of controversy and litigation.

Different jurisdictions have radically different policies concerning software patents, including a blanket ban, no restrictions, or attempts to distinguish between purely mathematical constructs and "embodiments" of these constructs. For example, an algorithm itself may be judged unpatentable, but its use in software judged patentable.
Herring Bridge
Herring Bridge, also called the Third River Crossing, is a bascule bridge over the River Yare in Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, England. It is named after the town's historical herring fishing industry. Completed in 2024, its construction was delayed due to several issues, including the explosion of a World War II bomb.

Bascule bridge
A bascule bridge (also referred to as a drawbridge or a lifting bridge) is a moveable bridge with a counterweight that continuously balances a span, or leaf, throughout its upward swing to provide clearance for boat traffic. It may be single- or double-leafed.

The name comes from the French term for balance scale, which employs the same principle. Bascule bridges are the most common type of movable span because they open quickly and require relatively little energy to operate, while providing the possibility for unlimited vertical clearance for marine traffic.
Corowa
Corowa /ˈkɒrəwə/ is a town in the state of New South Wales in Australia. It is on the bank of the Murray River, the border between New South Wales and Victoria, opposite the Victorian town of Wahgunyah.  It is the largest town in the Federation Council and was the administrative centre of the former Corowa Shire. The name could have derived from a Wiradjuri word referring to the curra pine that yielded gum used by Aboriginal people to fasten the heads of spears to the shafts. Another translation is "rocky river".

There are two bridges over the Murray to Wahgunyah in Victoria: the heritage-listed John Foord Bridge and the Federation Bridge (opened on 2 April 2005). The town in conjunction with nearby town Rutherglen has an Australian rules football team (Corowa-Rutherglen), competing in the Ovens & Murray Football League,
and a rugby league team, the Corowa Cougars, who compete in the Goulburn Murray competition.

Goulburn Murray Rugby League
The Goulburn Murray Premiership is a rugby league competition on the border of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia. Initially the competition was established in 1991 as the Goulburn Murray Rugby League by the Country Rugby League and the Victorian Rugby League. The league was disbanded in 2009 before being re-established as the Murray Cup in 2014. As of 2022 there is a competition for both Senior Men's and Women's Tag football. In 2023, as part of a branding arrangement, the competition is known as the Storm Goulburn Murray Premiership.
St. Clara, West Virginia
St. Clara is an unincorporated community in central Doddridge County, West Virginia, United States. Its elevation is 850 feet (254 m).

Joseph H. Diss Debar founded the German-Swiss immigrant colony and named it after his first wife, Clara Levassor. Located at St. Clara is the Gamsjager-Wysong Farm, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Doddridge County, West Virginia
Doddridge County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,808. Its county seat is West Union.

Doddridge County is part of the Clarksburg, West Virginia, WV Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Patilla
Patilla is a mountain in the Andes on the border of Bolivia and Chile. On the Bolivian side it is located in the Potosí Department, Nor Lípez Province, Quemes Municipality, Cana Canton.  On the Chilean side it lies in the Antofagasta Region, El Loa Province. Patilla lies is situated south of the volcano Iru Phutunqu and north of the mountain Kuntur Umu.

Nor Lípez Province
Nor Lípez is a province in the Bolivian department of Potosí. Its seat is Colcha "K", also called Villa Martín. The majority of the area of the province was titled as the Nor Lípez Native Community Land on 19 April 2011. One of the largest mines of  Bolivia, the San Cristóbal Mine, is located near San Cristóbal in Colcha "K" municipality.
Rajula Junction railway station
Rajula Junction railway station  is a railway station serving in Amreli district of Gujarat State of India.  It is under Bhavnagar railway division of Western Railway Zone of Indian Railways. Rajula Junction railway station is 31 km from Mahuva Junction. Passenger and Superfast trains halt here.

Amreli district
Amreli district is one of the 33 administrative districts of the state of Gujarat in western India.Amreli district headquarters are located at Amreli. The district occupies an area of 7,397 km2 and has a population of 1,514,190 of which 22.45% were urban (as of 2011).
Martindale, Calgary
Martindale is a residential neighbourhood in the northeast quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It is bounded to the north by 80 Avenue NE, to the east by Falconridge Boulevard, to the south by 64 Avenue NE and to the west by Métis Trail. The Martindale LRT station opened in August 2012.

The area was annexed to the City of Calgary in 1961 and Martindale was established in 1983. It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 5 councillor. Martindale is reportedly named after one of the community's developers children: Martin and Tara.

Residential area
A residential area is a land used in which housing predominates, as opposed to industrial and commercial areas.

Housing may vary significantly between, and through, residential areas. These include single-family housing, multi-family residential, or mobile homes. Zoning for residential use may permit some services or work opportunities or may totally exclude business and industry. It may permit high density land use or only permit low density uses.  Residential zoning usually includes a smaller FAR (floor area ratio) than business, commercial or industrial/manufacturing zoning. The area may be large or small.
Esplanade metro station
Esplanade is an underground interchange metro station on the North–South corridor of the Blue Line and on the East–West corridor of the Green Line of Kolkata Metro. This station, which is the biggest in the city, is located in the Esplanade neighbourhood of Kolkata, at the northern end of Chowringhee Road/Jawaharlal Nehru Road near New Market and the Oberoi Grand hotel. It opened in 1984 as part of what is now the Blue Line. The station is re-designed to be the largest station of the metro system and will function as the interchange station between Blue, Green and Purple Lines. The Line-2 complex, built below the Line-1 complex (requiring modification to Line-1 station) was completed and inaugurated on 6 March 2024, with connections to Sealdah on 22 August 2025. The Line-2 complex is designed with world class amenities and murals that depict the culture, tradition, sports, monuments, important structures, etc. in them.

Chowringhee Road
Chowringhee Road (also spelt Chourangi Road), located in the Chowringhee neighbourhood of Kolkata, is the arterial road running from the eastern fringes of Esplanade southwards up to the crossing with Lower Circular Road (AJC Bose Road), in the city of Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It is the single most important road of the metropolis of Kolkata. It was officially renamed as Jawaharlal Nehru Road after Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister, but the original name Chowringhee Road is used commonly.
Biewer Terrier
The Biewer Terrier (/ˌbiːvər ˈtɛriər/) is a toy dog of German descent that is the result of two Yorkshire Terriers with a recessive piebald gene breeding. It is usually kept as a companion animal or a show dog. The Biewer Terrier was recognized by the AKC in 2021. Since May 2024 the Biewer Terrier is also accepted by the (VDH) Verband für das Deutsche Hundewesen in Germany.

Dog show
A dog show is an animal show; it is an event where dogs are exhibited. A conformation show, also referred to as a breed show, is a kind of dog show in which a judge, familiar with a specific dog breed, evaluates individual purebred dogs for how well the dogs conform to the established breed type for their breed, as described in a breed's individual breed standard.

Dog shows can be in the means of evaluating dogs for breeding purposes. A conformation championship from a recognised national kennel club is generally considered as an indication of merit. Many breeders consider championships a prerequisite for breeding. Some critics argue that the shows can encourage selective breeding of traits and lower genetic diversity.

The first modern conformation dog show was held in Newcastle Town Hall in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, in June 1859.
World Car Awards
The World Car Awards (also known as World Car of the Year, WCOTY) is a group of automobile Car of the Year awards selected by a jury of 102 international automotive journalists from 30 countries. Cars considered must be sold in at least two major markets (North America, Europe, Asia, Latin America) on at least two separate continents prior to 30 March of the year of the award. The contest was inaugurated in 2003, and officially launched in January 2004.

This started as a single award, similar to many of the continent and nation specific Car of the Year awards already given. Since 2006, awards for performance, green cars, and car design have also been given. In April 2013, an award for luxury design was inaugurated.

BMW 3 Series
The BMW 3 series is a line of compact executive cars manufactured by the German automaker BMW since May 1975. It is the successor to the 02 series and has been produced in seven generations.

The first generation of the 3 Series was only available as a 2-door saloon; the model range expanded to include a 4-door saloon, 2-door convertible, 2-door coupé, 5-door estate, 5-door liftback ("Gran Turismo"; discontinued in 2019) and 3-door hatchback body styles. Since 2013, the coupé and convertible models have been marketed as the 4 Series; these styles no longer being included in the 3 Series.

The 3 Series is BMW's best-selling model line, accounting for around 30% of the BMW brand's annual total car sales, and has won numerous awards throughout its history. The M version of the 3 series, M3, debuted with the E30 M3 in 1986.
Frank Lawrence Combes
Frank Lawrence Combes (1886 – 26 September 1948) was a British politician and trade unionist, who served on the London County Council.

Born in Sussex, Combes moved to Kentish Town, where he worked as a plasterer.  In 1902, he joined the National Association of Operative Plasterers, and he soon became the secretary of the union's London No.2 branch.

Combes also joined the Labour Party, and in 1909 he was elected to St Pancras Metropolitan Borough Council.  He stood unsuccessfully for St Pancras North at the 1922 London County Council election, then in 1934, he won a seat in St Pancras South East.

In 1945/45, Combes additionally served as Mayor of St Pancras.  In 1948, he became Vice-Chair of London County Council, but he died in September.

St Pancras North (London County Council constituency)
St Pancras North was a constituency used for elections to the London County Council between 1889 and the council's abolition in 1965.  The seat shared boundaries with the UK Parliament constituency of the same name.
Kein Ort. Nirgends
Kein Ort. Nirgends is a 1979 novel by East German author Christa Wolf. It tells the fictional meeting of the German poets Heinrich von Kleist and Karoline von Günderrode in a salon in Winkel in the Rheingau. In real life, both protagonists had independently committed suicide; Günderrode in 1806 in Winkel, Kleist in 1811 in Berlin.

Kleist and Günderrode escape the empty talk of a tea party by taking a longer walk. Here the two encounter each other in a long conversation, and feel the proximity of their respective personal and poetic problems. Their deep exchange is interrupted abruptly when Kleist is called as his coach is leaving.

This novel was translated into English by Jan van Huerck as No Place on Earth (Farrar Straus Giroux, 1982).

Heinrich von Kleist
Bernd Heinrich Wilhelm von Kleist (German: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç fɔn ˈklaɪst] ⓘ; 18 October 1777 – 21 November 1811) was a German poet, dramatist, novelist, short story writer and journalist. His best known works are the theatre plays The Prince of Homburg, Das Käthchen von Heilbronn, The Broken Jug, Amphitryon and Penthesilea, and the novellas Michael Kohlhaas and The Marquise of O. Kleist ended his life in a suicide pact by shooting himself together with a close female friend who was terminally ill.

The Kleist Prize, a prestigious prize for German literature, is named after him, as was the Kleist Theater in his birthplace Frankfurt an der Oder.
Taylor, West Virginia
Taylor is an unincorporated community in Hardy County, West Virginia, United States. Taylor is located south of Moorefield on West Virginia Route 28/U.S. Route 220 between the South Branch Potomac and South Fork South Branch Potomac rivers.

U.S. Route 220 in West Virginia
U.S. Route 220 (US 220) is a U.S. Highway that travels from Rockingham, North Carolina, to South Waverly, Pennsylvania. In the state of West Virginia, it travels for 93 miles (150 km) from the Virginia state line two miles (3.2 km) south of Harper to the Maryland state line at Keyser.
Exposiciones station
Exposiciones is the thirteenth station on line A of the Medellín Metro from north to south. The station is located in the south-central area of Medellín in Colombia. It is named after the Plaza Mayor Conventions and Exhibitions center, and it is the first station on lina A that is not next to the Medellín River. The station was opened on 30 November 1995 as part of the inaugural section of Line A, from Niquía to Poblado.

From this stop, there are buses that go south toward Eastern Antioquia, including Retiro, La Ceja, and La Union municipalities. There are also buses that go to the South Terminal of Intermunicipal Transport, where lines leave for the south of the department and the country, such as the cities of Armenia, Manizales, Pereira, Cali, Popayán, and Pasto.

Plaza Mayor, Medellín
Plaza Mayor Medellín Conventions and Exhibitions is the international convention and exhibition center of Medellín and is one of the most modern in Colombia, having opened in 2006. It is located in the Alpujarra district and has 21 meeting rooms, space for 3000 people, and 280 parking spaces. Today, it houses major events such as Colombiatex and ColombiaModa, the country's most important annual fashion trade show.
Mode partition noise
In an optical communication link, mode partition noise is phase jitter of the signal caused by the combined effects of mode hopping in the optical source and intramodal distortion in the fiber.

Mode hopping causes random wavelength changes which in turn affect the group velocity, i.e., the propagation time. Over a long length of fiber, the cumulative effect is to create jitter, i.e. mode partition noise. The variation of group velocity creates the mode partition noise.

Normal mode
A normal mode of a dynamical system is a pattern of motion in which all parts of the system move sinusoidally with the same frequency and with a fixed phase relation.  The free motion described by the normal modes takes place at fixed frequencies.  These fixed frequencies of the normal modes of a system are known as its natural frequencies or resonant frequencies.  A physical object, such as a building, bridge, or molecule, has a set of normal modes and their natural frequencies that depend on its structure, materials and boundary conditions.

The most general motion of a linear system is a superposition of its normal modes. The modes are "normal" in the sense that they move independently. An excitation of one mode will never cause excitation of a different mode. In mathematical terms, normal modes are orthogonal to each other.
Puk Damsgård
Puk Damsgård Andersen (born 18 September 1978 in Hammer-Torup, Næstved, Denmark) is a Danish journalist and author.

Since 2011, she has been the designated Middle East correspondent for Danmarks Radio, based in Cairo, Egypt.

DR (broadcaster)
DR (pronounced [ˈte̝ˀˌɛɐ̯]), officially the Danish Broadcasting Corporation in English, is a Danish public-service radio and television broadcasting company. Founded in 1925 as a public-service organization, it is Denmark's oldest and largest electronic media enterprise. DR shares many of its organisational characteristics with its British counterpart, the BBC, on which it was largely modelled. DR is a founding member of the European Broadcasting Union.

DR was originally funded by a media licence, however since 2022, the media license has been replaced by an addition to the Danish income tax.

Today, DR operates three television channels, all of which are distributed free-to-air via a nationwide DVB-T2 network. DR also operates seven radio channels. All are available nationally on DAB+ radio and online, with the four original stations also available on FM radio. Bjarne Corydon serves as the current Director-General of DR since August 2025.
Lake Ledinci
Lake Ledinci (Serbian: Лединачко језеро, romanized: Ledinačko jezero) is a small artificial lake on the mountain of Fruška Gora in Serbia, near the city of Novi Sad.

The lake was created during the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia in 1999, when pumps in the abandoned trachyte quarry of Srebro were damaged and stopped pumping the water out of the quarry. The subterranean waters, such as the waters from two creeks, Lukin Svetac and Srebrni potok, began filling the quarry.

Trachyte
Trachyte (/ˈtreɪkaɪt, ˈtræk-/) is an extrusive igneous rock composed mostly of alkali feldspar. It is usually light-colored and aphanitic (fine-grained), with minor amounts of mafic minerals, and is formed by the rapid cooling of lava (or shallow intrusions) enriched with silica and alkali metals. It is the volcanic equivalent of syenite.

Trachyte is common wherever alkali magma is erupted, including in late stages of ocean island volcanism and in continental rift valleys, above mantle plumes, and in areas of back-arc extension. Trachyte has also been found in Gale crater on Mars.

Trachyte has been used as decorative building stone and was extensively used as dimension stone in the Roman Empire and the Republic of Venice.
Rae Loch
Rae Loch is a small lowland freshwater loch that sits directly to the east of Loch of Drumellie into which it flows and is 1.5 miles (2.4 km) to the west of Blairgowrie, in Perth and Kinross. The loch is also a designated Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), as well as forming part of a Special Area of Conservation.

Special Area of Conservation
A special area of conservation (SAC) is defined in the European Union's Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC), also known as the Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora. They are to protect the 220 habitats and approximately 1,000 species listed in annex I and II of the directive which are considered to be of European interest following criteria given in the directive. They must be chosen from the sites of Community importance by the member states and designated SAC by an act assuring the conservation measures of the natural habitat.

SACs complement special protection areas and together form a network of protected sites across the European Union called Natura 2000.  This, in turn, is part of the Emerald network of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) under the Berne Convention.