hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kiranjit Ahluwalia
Kiranjit Ahluwalia (born 1955) is an Indian woman who fatally burned her husband in 1989 in the UK. She claimed it was in response to ten years of physical, psychological, and sexual abuse. After initially being convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison, Ahluwalia's conviction was later overturned on grounds of inadequate counsel and replaced with voluntary manslaughter. Although her submission of provocation failed (under R v Duffy the loss of control needed to be sudden, which this was not), she successfully pleaded the partial defence of diminished responsibility under s.2 Homicide Act 1957 on the grounds that fresh medical evidence (which was not available at her original trial) may indicate diminished mental responsibility.

The film Provoked (2006) is a fictionalised account of Ahluwalia's life.

Provocation in English law
In English law, provocation was a mitigatory defence to murder which had taken many guises over generations many of which had been strongly disapproved and modified. In closing decades, in widely upheld form, it amounted to proving a reasonable total loss of control as a response to another's objectively provocative conduct sufficient to convert what would otherwise have been murder into manslaughter. It only applied to murder. It was abolished on 4 October 2010 by section 56(1) of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009, but thereby replaced by the superseding—and more precisely worded—loss of control defence.
Robert D. Hodgson
Robert David Hodgson (June 7, 1923 - December 4, 1979) was an American geographer and an internationally recognized expert on geographic aspects of the law of the sea and maritime boundaries.

Dr. Hodgson believed that broader understanding of geographic principles would reduce international conflicts. He worked for the State Department as the Director of the Office of the Geographer in the Bureau of Intelligence and Research.

The Hodgson Seamount was named after him.  In 1968, Robert D. Hodgson unilaterally extended the ceasefire line between Indian and Pakistan from NJ9842 to Karakoram Pass, after taking a cue from the US ADIZ (Air Defence Identification Zone). Maps while dealing with the question of how the boundaries of the state of Jammu and Kashmir were to be shown in US maps. This led to Siachen conflict between India and Pakistan. In 1986, the US State Department removed this Hodgson's Line.

NJ9842
NJ9842, also called NJ 980420 (in full: NJ 38 98000, 13 42000, yard based Indian Grid Coordinates), is the northernmost demarcated point of the India-Pakistan cease fire line in Kashmir known as the Line of Control (LoC). The India–Pakistan AGPL (Actual Ground Position Line), begins from the NJ9842 on LoC and ends near the Indira Ridge at the trijunction of areas controlled by China, India, and Pakistan.
Mystery of the Whale Tattoo
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Mystery of the Whale Tattoo is the forty-seventh volume in the original The Hardy Boys series of mystery books for children and teens published by Grosset & Dunlap.

This book was outlined by Andrew E. Svenson and written by Jerrold Mundis in 1968 for the Stratemeyer Syndicate.

This story is based in Bayport where two teenagers, the Hardy Boys, try to solve the mystery of pickpockets at a traveling carnival. Both of the Hardy Boys had something very valuable stolen from them, and they later find out that a group of teenagers are the culprits. Each one of the group has a whale tattoo.

Stratemeyer Syndicate
The Stratemeyer Syndicate was an American book packaging company that produced a number of book series for children, including Nancy Drew, The Hardy Boys, the various Tom Swift series, the Bobbsey Twins, the Rover Boys, and others. It contracted the many pseudonymous authors who wrote the series from 1899 to 1987, and arranged the publishing by firms such as Grosset & Dunlap. In 1987 it was sold to Simon & Schuster.
Platja de Castelldefels railway station
Platja de Castelldefels is a Rodalies de Catalunya railway station serving the beach district of Castelldefels, in Catalonia, Spain. It is located at about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south of the main town and less than 200 metres (660 ft) from the beach, making it very busy during the summer months but almost deserted in winter. It is served by some trains on Barcelona commuter rail service line R2 Sud.

Alicante
Alicante or Alacant (officially: Alacant / Alicante) is a city and municipality in the Valencian Community, Spain. It is the capital of the province of Alicante and a historic Mediterranean port. With a population of 358,608 as of 2024, it is the 2nd-largest city in the Valencian Community and the 10th-largest in Spain.

Together with Elche (Elx) and other municipalities, Alicante forms a conurbation of nearly 1 million inhabitants.
The Brass Bottle (1923 film)
The Brass Bottle is a 1923 American silent fantasy comedy film produced and directed by Maurice Tourneur and distributed by First National Pictures. The original 1900 novel The Brass Bottle by Thomas Anstey Guthrie was produced as a Broadway play in 1910. A 1914 silent followed. Both silent versions are lost. A 1964 adaptation starred Tony Randall and Barbara Eden.

Thomas Anstey Guthrie
Sir Thomas Anstey Guthrie (8 August 1856 – 10 March 1934) was an English writer (writing as F. Anstey or F. T. Anstey), most noted for his comic novel Vice Versa about a boarding-school boy and his father exchanging identities. His reputation was confirmed by The Tinted Venus and many humorous parodies in Punch magazine.
Stepwise mutation model
The stepwise mutation model (SMM) is a mathematical theory, developed by Motoo Kimura and Tomoko Ohta,  that allows for investigation of the equilibrium distribution of allelic frequencies in a finite population where neutral alleles are produced in step-wise fashion.

Tomoko Ohta
Tomoko Ohta (太田 朋子, Ōta Tomoko; born Tomoko Harada 原田 朋子 7 September 1933, Miyoshi, Aichi) is a Japanese scientist and Professor Emeritus of the National Institute of Genetics. Ohta works on population genetics/molecular evolution and is known for developing the nearly neutral theory of evolution.

Ohta has received many awards, including Japan's Order of Culture (2016). In 2015, Ohta and Richard Lewontin were jointly awarded the Crafoord Prize "for their pioneering analyses and fundamental contributions to the understanding of genetic polymorphism".
Dick Jorgensen
Richard M. Jorgensen (April 12, 1934 – October 10, 1990) was an American football official in the National Football League (NFL) for 22 years, through the 1989 season, the last 19 years as a referee.

Jorgensen's officiating career was highlighted by being selected to referee Super Bowl XXIV in January 1990. He was an alternate official for Super Bowl VIII in 1974 and Super Bowl XV in 1981.

Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball
The Wisconsin Badgers are an NCAA Division I college basketball team competing in the Big Ten Conference. The Badgers' home games are played at the Kohl Center, located on the University of Wisconsin–Madison campus in Madison, Wisconsin. Wisconsin has 1,732 wins through the end of the 2024–25 season which is top 50 all-time among Division I college basketball programs. Wisconsin has appeared in the NCAA tournament 28 times. The Wisconsin Badgers currently have 51 players in their 1,000-point club as well.
LogicBlox
The LogicBlox system is a commercial, declarative, incremental logic programming language and deductive database inspired by Datalog. The LogiQL programming language extends Datalog with several features, including stratified negation, aggregation, and a module system. LogicBlox has been used to build pointer analyses for Java.

On December 3, 2014 Predictix acquired LogicBlox.
On June 28, 2016 Infor acquires Predictix.

Commercial software
Commercial software, or, seldom, payware, is a computer software that is produced for sale or that serves commercial purposes. Commercial software can be proprietary software or free and open-source software.
White Pine Ski Resort
White Pine Ski Area and Resort is a ski resort located 10 miles (16 km) from Pinedale, Wyoming in northern Sublette County. The mountain holds about 25 trails of differing challenge. Of the trails, 25% are beginner, 45% are intermediate and 30% of the trails are advanced.
Along with downhill skiing, the resort also offers several groomed trails for cross country skiing. The resort features cabins available to rent as well as daily food service and ski school. The previous lodge was constructed in 1999. However the lodge burned to the ground on the night of July 11, 2019.
White Pine Ski Resort's regular season usually runs annually between Thanksgiving and Easter. The resort has a ski shop located in Pinedale, which both rents and sells ski and snowboarding equipment. The resort houses three quad lifts, two of which are in current operation, the other being a tow rope.

Pinedale, Wyoming
Pinedale is a town in and the county seat of Sublette County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 2,005 at the 2020 census. Pinedale is an important hunting outfitting town and a gateway to the Wind River Range. Additionally, Pinedale is near several large natural gas fields, including the Pinedale Anticline and Jonah Field. Attractions include the Museum of the Mountain Man, Green River Rendezvous Days, White Pine Ski Area, the Pinedale Aquatic Center and the Town Park System along the Pine Creek Corridor in the middle of town.
Pärnu Mud Baths
Pärnu Mud Baths (Estonian: Pärnu mudaravila) is a hotel in Pärnu, Estonia. The hotel is notable for its mud bath therapy services.

The neoclassicist building was constructed in 1926–1927. The building was designed by Olev Siinmaa, Erich von Wolffeldt and Aleksander Nürnberg. At the same place, the bathing house (established in 1838) was located. The bathing house burned down in World War I.

During the Soviet era, the hotel was popular health facility for the working people. Since the 1990s, the hotel was not in use. In 2014, the boutique spa was opened.

Pärnu
Pärnu (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈpærˑnu]) is a city in southwest Estonia. Pärnu is located 128 kilometres (80 mi) south of the Estonian capital, Tallinn, and 176 kilometres (109 mi) west of Estonia's second-largest city, Tartu. The city sits off the coast of Pärnu Bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Riga, which is a part of the Baltic Sea. In the city, the Pärnu River drains into the Gulf of Riga.

Pärnu is a popular summer holiday resort town among Estonians with many hotels, restaurants and large beaches.  The city is served by Pärnu Airport.
1844 Maine gubernatorial election
The 1844 Maine gubernatorial election was held on September 9, 1844, in order to elect the governor of Maine. Incumbent Democratic governor Hugh J. Anderson won re-election against Whig nominee and former U.S. Representative from Maine's 3rd congressional district Edward Robinson and Liberty Party candidate and former member of the Maine House of Representatives James Appleton.

Maine's 3rd congressional district
Maine's 3rd congressional district is an obsolete congressional district.  It was created in 1821 after Maine achieved statehood in 1820 as part of the enactment of the Missouri Compromise.  It was eliminated in 1963 after the 1960 U.S. census.  Its last congressman was Clifford McIntire.
Chlorellales
The Chlorellales are an order of green algae in the class Trebouxiophyceae.

The Chlorellales include mostly freshwater or terrestrial (rarely marine), coccoid algae. Molecular phylogenetic studies mostly tend to find Chlorellales to consist of two sister clades, corresponding to Chlorellaceae and Oocystaceae; however, in some studies the two are not sister to each other, making Chlorellales not monophyletic.

Genera of uncertain placement include:

Ankistrodesmopsis

Edaphochloris

Picochlorum

Uvulifera

Class (biology)
In biological taxonomy, class (Latin: classis) is  a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit (i.e., a taxon) in that rank. It is a group of related taxonomic orders. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class ranking between phylum and order.
Fighter-bomber
A fighter-bomber is a fighter aircraft that has been modified, or used primarily, as a light bomber or attack aircraft. It differs from bomber and attack aircraft primarily in its origins, as a fighter that has been adapted into other roles, whereas bombers and attack aircraft are developed specifically for bombing and attack roles.

Although still used, the term fighter-bomber has less significance since the introduction of rockets and guided missiles into aerial warfare. Modern aircraft with similar duties are now typically called multirole combat aircraft or strike fighters.

Bristol Mercury
The Bristol Mercury is a British nine-cylinder, air-cooled, single-row, piston radial engine. Designed by Roy Fedden of the Bristol Aeroplane Company it was used to power both civil and military aircraft of the 1930s and 1940s. Developed from the earlier Jupiter engine, later variants could produce 800 horsepower (600 kW) from its capacity of 1,500 cubic inches (25 L) by use of a geared supercharger.

Almost 21,000 engines were produced, with a number also being built under license elsewhere in Europe. Several examples remain airworthy, with other preserved examples on public display in aviation museums.
Euchareena, New South Wales
Euchareena is a town in the Orana region of New South Wales, Australia. The town is in the Dubbo Regional Council local government area, 303 kilometres (188 mi) north west of the state capital, Sydney. At the 2021 census, Euchareena and the surrounding area had a population of 170.

It has a public school.

Orana (New South Wales)
Orana is a vast region in north-central New South Wales, Australia. As of June 2015 it had an estimated population of 113,824 people. It has an area of 198,561 square kilometres (76,665 sq mi) and is the largest region in New South Wales, comprising approximately 25% of that  state. The major localities include Dubbo and Cobar. This region corresponds approximately with the Australian Bureau of Statistics' North Western Statistical Division.
Hi Octane
Hi Octane is a 1994 American television series that aired on Comedy Central. It was directed by Sofia Coppola. It consisted of interviews and sketches hosted by Coppola and Zoe Cassavetes. Only three of the four episodes recorded were broadcast.

Although the series comprised only four 22-minute episodes, it featured many high-profile celebrity guests, including Martin Scorsese, Naomi Campbell, Kim Gordon, Debbie Harry, the Beastie Boys, Karl Lagerfeld, Thurston Moore, Shawn Mortensen, Keanu Reeves, Jenny Shimizu, Christy Turlington, Gus Van Sant, Anna Wintour, and Nicolas Cage.

Christy Turlington
Christy Nicole Turlington Burns (née Turlington; born January 2, 1969) is an American fashion model. She initially attracted fame in the late 1980s and early 1990s as a supermodel. She represented Calvin Klein's Eternity campaign in 1989 and again in 2014, and also represents Maybelline. Grace Coddington, the long-time creative director of American Vogue magazine, has described Turlington as "the most beautiful woman in the world."
2025 Gwangju Open – Doubles
Lee Jea-moon and Song Min-kyu were the defending champions but only Lee chose to defend his title, partnering Ann Suk. They lost in the first round to Ray Ho and Matthew Romios.

Ho and Romios won the title after defeating Vasil Kirkov and Bart Stevens 6–3, 7–6(8–6) in the final.

Bart Stevens
Bart Stevens (born 29 January 1998) is a Dutch tennis player who specializes in doubles. He reached his career-high Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) doubles ranking of world No. 61 on 10 November 2025. He also has a career high singles ranking of No. 736 achieved on 14 October 2019. Stevens has won ten ITF-Futures, thirteen ATP Challenger Tour titles, has reached three ATP finals and a Wimbledon quarterfinal.
Anouar Ben Naceur
Anouar Ben Naceur (Arabic: انور بن ناصر; born August 22, 1983) is a Tunisian former swimmer, who specialized in freestyle events. He won a silver medal in the 400 m freestyle at the 2003 All-Africa Games in Abuja, Nigeria, placing second behind fellow Tunisian Oussama Mellouli with a time of 4:06.51.

Ben Naceur qualified for the men's 200 m freestyle at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by clearing a FINA B-standard entry time of 1:54.93 from the All-Africa Games in Abuja one year earlier. He challenged seven other swimmers in heat two, including dual citizen Mihail Alexandrov of Bulgaria. He edged out Singapore's Mark Chay in a close race for fourth seed by a hundredth of a second (0.01), posting his lifetime best of 1:54.69. Ben Naceur failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed fiftieth overall in the preliminaries.

2003 All-Africa Games
The 8th All Africa Games, also known as Abuja 2003, were held from 5–17 October 2003 in Abuja, Nigeria. 53 countries participated in 23 sports. The main venue was the newly constructed Abuja Stadium. The organizing committee was headed by Nigerian Amos Adamu.
Puertollano Photovoltaic Park
The Puertollano Photovoltaic Park is the fourth largest photovoltaic power station in the world, with a nominal capacity of 47.6 MW. The facility is located in Puertollano, Spain. 476 individual plants with a nominal power of 100 kWp, Suntech and Solaria modules. Fixed structure oriented at 33° south with a total of 231,653 panels.

Puertollano
Puertollano (Spanish pronunciation: [pweɾtoˈʎano]) is a municipality of Spain located in the province of Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha. The city has a population of 45,539 (2022). Contrasting to the largely rural character of the region, Puertollano stands out for the importance of industry, with a past linked to industrial and mining activities. It lies on the Madrid–Seville high-speed rail line (opened 1992).
Deskford Tower
Tower of Deskford was a 14th-century tower house, about 3.5 miles (5.6 km) south of Cullen, Moray, Scotland at Deskford, west of the burn. The tower and its associated buildings are a scheduled monument.

It may be known alternatively as Deskford Castle or Kirkton of Deskford.

Deskford
Deskford (Scottish Gaelic: Deasgard) is a parish and a small settlement in Moray, Scotland, formerly in Banffshire.

A number of significant historical and archaeological remains have been found in the area, notably the remains of a carnyx.
Battle of Yeghevārd
The Battle of Yeghevārd, also known as the Battle of Baghavard or Morad Tapeh or Arpachai or Echmiadzin, was the final major engagement of the Ottoman–Persian War of (1730–1735) where the principal Ottoman army in the Caucasus theatre under Koprulu Pasha's command was utterly destroyed by only the advance guard of Nader's army before the main Persian army could enter into the fray. The complete rout of Koprulu Pasha's forces led to a number of besieged Ottoman strongholds in the theatre surrendering as any hope of relief proved ephemeral in light of the crushing defeat at Yeghevārd. One of Nader's most impressive battlefield victories, in which he decimated a force four or five times the size of his own, it helped establish his reputation as a military genius and stands alongside many of his other great triumphs such as at Karnal, Mihmandoost or Kirkuk.

Kars
Kars (Armenian: Կարս or Ղարս; Azerbaijani: Qars; Kurdish: Qers; Georgian: ყარსი, romanized: q'arsi; Russian: Карс) is a city in northeast Turkey. It is the seat of Kars Province and Kars District. As of 2022, its population was 91,450. Kars, in classical historiography (Strabo), was in the ancient region known as Chorzene (Greek: Χορζηνή), part of the province of Ayrarat in the Kingdom of Armenia, and later the capital of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia from 929 to 961. Currently, the mayor of Kars is Ötüken Senger. The city had an Armenian ethnic majority until it was recaptured by Turkish nationalist forces in late 1920.
Theme (album)
Theme is the fourth album by Leslie West, released in February 1988 by Passport Records. The album features bassist Jack Bruce and drummer Joe Franco. It was produced by Leslie West and Paul Orofino, and the liner notes were written by Howard Stern.

Passport Records
Passport Records was a U.S.-based independent record label that existed between 1973 and 1988.  It was notable for popularizing such artists as Larry Fast, FM, Richard Barone, and Wendy O. Williams. It was distributed by Jem Records in the United States and by GRT Records in Canada.

Passport was Jem's flagship label, eventually growing to form the Passport Records Group, which included the labels PVC Records, Passport Jazz, Audion Records, Import Records, and Visa Records.
Amian-Kouassikro
Amian-Kouassikro is a village in eastern Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Aniassué, Abengourou Department, Indénié-Djuablin Region, Comoé District. The village sits on the east bank of the Comoé River, which forms the boundary between the Comoé and Lagunes Districts.

Amian-Kouassikro was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Komoé River
The Komoé River or Comoé River is a river in West Africa. The river originates on the Sikasso Plateau of Burkina Faso, flows through the Cascades de Karfiguéla, forms a short section of the border between Burkina Faso and Ivory Coast before entering Ivory Coast. It serves as the major drainage for the northeastern portion of that country before emptying into the Atlantic. The banks of the Komoé are shaded by riparian forests along most of its  length, providing an important habitat for wildlife and a source of agricultural water.  Where reliable floodplains form in Ivory Coast, rice may be grown.  A portion of the river in northern Ivory Coast is the source of the vegetative richness that earned that area a UNESCO World Heritage Site designation, Comoé National Park.
Chris Reif
Chris Reif is an American retired soccer who played professionally in the Major Indoor Soccer League and American Professional Soccer League.

Reif graduated from Calvert Hall High School.  He attended the University of Connecticut, playing on the men's soccer team from 1984 to 1987.  He was team captain his senior season as he earned Third Team All American honors.  In 1988, the Cleveland Force selected Reif in the fourth round of the Major Indoor Soccer League draft but folded a few weeks later.  Reif turned professional in 1988 with the Maryland Bays of the American Soccer League.  He played with the Bays through the 1991 season.  He was a 1990 and 1991 American Professional Soccer League Second Team All League defender.  In May 1991, the Baltimore Blast signed Reif to a fifteen-day contract.

American Professional Soccer League
The American Professional Soccer League (APSL) was a professional men's soccer league with teams from the United States and later Canada. It was formed in 1990 by the merger of the third American Soccer League with the Western Soccer League. It was the first outdoor soccer league to feature teams from throughout the United States since the demise of the North American Soccer League in 1984.

The league was sanctioned as Division II in the United States soccer league system but was the country's de facto top professional soccer league until 1995. In 1993, the APSL applied for the vacant Division I role but lost out to Major League Soccer who would begin play in 1996.

For its final two seasons in 1995 and 1996, the APSL changed its name to the A-League. It was subsequently absorbed by the emerging USISL organization with six of seven clubs joining the new USISL A-League in 1997. The USISL (later USL) retained the A-League name until 2004 when it became the USL First Division.