hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
January 1991 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Wednesday, January 30, 1991, with an umbral magnitude of −0.1106. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 1.9 days after perigee (on January 28, 1991, at 8:35 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

This eclipse was the first of four lunar eclipses in 1991, with the others occurring on June 27 (penumbral), July 26 (penumbral), and December 21 (partial).

Magnitude of eclipse
The magnitude of eclipse is the fraction of the angular diameter of a celestial body being eclipsed. This applies to all celestial eclipses. The magnitude of a partial or annular solar eclipse is always between 0.0 and 1.0, while the magnitude of a total solar eclipse is always greater than or equal to 1.0, and has a theoretically maximum value of around 1.12.

This measure is strictly a ratio of diameters and should not be confused with the covered fraction of the apparent area (disk) of the eclipsed body. Neither should it be confused with the astronomical magnitude scale of apparent brightness.
Dima, Spain
Dima is a town and municipality of the province of Biscay, in the Basque Country, Spain. Dima is part of the comarca of Arratia-Nerbioi and had a population of 1,313 inhabitants in 2010 according to the Spanish National Statistics Institute.

Comarcas of Spain
In Spain, a  comarca (Spanish: [koˈmaɾka] ⓘ) 
is a traditional informal territorial division, comprising several municipalities sharing geographical, economic or cultural traits, typically with not well defined limits. Modernly, they have been formally defined for all the autonomous communities of Spain, as territorial entities intermediate between the municipality and the province, although their status ranges from official and with administrative functions (providing common local government services) in some communities, to unofficial and based on mere preliminary studies in other communities.

In English, a comarca is equivalent to an area, county, district, or zone.
Ping on bun
Ping on bun (Chinese: 平安包; Jyutping: ping4 on1 baau1) is a traditional Hong Kong food. It is a steamed bun consisting of low-protein rice flour and sugar, with a filling of either lotus seed paste, sesame, or sweet bean paste, that is then stamped with Chinese text reading "peace" or "safety" (Chinese: 平安; Jyutping: ping4 on1). It is best served hot or at room temperature.

The ping on bun originates from Cheung Chau island in the Islands District of the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is strongly associated with the annual Cheung Chau Bun Festival, which revolves around the ping on bun and includes the construction of tall towers of buns.

Bun
A bun is a type of bread that is round and small enough that it can generally be eaten hand-held. Whether a bun is considered sweetened or unsweetened differs between countries: it is considered sweetened in England, Scotland and Wales, a savory bread in Northern Ireland, and either a sweet bread or a savory bread roll in the United States.
VIPER: Coils of the Serpent
VIPER: Coils of the Serpent is a role-playing supplement published by Hero Games for their Champions game, a genre of the Hero System. The book supports the Champions Universe super hero campaign setting.

Champions (role-playing game)
Champions is a role-playing game published by Hero Games designed to simulate a superhero comic book world. It was originally created in 1981 by George MacDonald and Steve Peterson in collaboration with Rob Bell, Bruce Harlick and Ray Greer.

The latest 2010 edition uses the sixth edition of the Hero System, as revised by Steve Long, and was written by Aaron Allston.
Axel Vogt
Axel S. Vogt (January 19, 1849 – November 11, 1921) was the Pennsylvania Railroad's Chief Mechanical Engineer between March 1, 1887, and February 1, 1919.  He was succeeded by William Frederic Kiesel, Jr.  After retiring from the PRR, Vogt continued to consult for the Baldwin Locomotive Works until his death.

Among his accomplishments was the creation of the world's first static locomotive test facility at the Pennsylvania Railroad's Altoona Works, enabling locomotives to be exhaustively and repeatably tested under load – essentially, a locomotive version of the chassis dynamometer.  Under his supervision, the PRR designed and produced many noteworthy steam locomotive designs, such as the E6 Atlantics, K4s Pacifics and L1s Mikados.  He was also instrumental in the Pennsylvania's electrification development, although it did not reach full fruition until after his death.

He held many patents in the field of railway engineering.

Pennsylvania Railroad class L1
Pennsylvania Railroad Class L1s were 2-8-2 steam locomotives, similar to the later USRA Heavy Mikados, that were used on the Pennsylvania Railroad during the early twentieth century. These 574 locomotives were manufactured between 1914 and 1919 by the railroad's own Juniata Shops (344 examples) as well as the Baldwin Locomotive Works (205) and the Lima Locomotive Works (25).

It was the largest class of 2-8-2 locomotives anywhere, although other railroads had more Mikados in total.
2025 Copa Faulcombridge – Doubles
Alexander Merino and Christoph Negritu were the defending champions but lost in the quarterfinals to Íñigo Cervantes and Daniel Cukierman.

Marcelo Demoliner and Orlando Luz won the title after defeating Cervantes and Cukierman 6–3, 3–6, [10–5] in the final.

Christoph Negritu
Christoph Negritu Mio (born 21 March 1994) is a German tennis player. He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 263, achieved on 4 August 2025, and a best doubles ranking of No. 105, attained on 18 August 2025.
Gold & Youth
Gold & Youth are an indie rock and electronic band based in Vancouver and Toronto. Signed to Arts & Crafts in 2011, they released their debut album titled Beyond Wilderness on 14 May 2013. The release of their debut record has garnered them significant critical acclaim, particularly in the UK.

Electronic keyboard
An electronic keyboard, portable keyboard, or digital keyboard is an electronic musical instrument based on keyboard instruments. Electronic keyboards include synthesizers, digital pianos, stage pianos, electronic organs and digital audio workstations. In technical terms, an electronic keyboard is a rompler-based synthesizer with a low-wattage power amplifier and small loudspeakers.

Electronic keyboards offer a diverse selection of instrument sounds (piano, organ, violin, etc.) along with synthesizer tones. Designed primarily for beginners and home users, they generally feature unweighted keys. While budget models lack velocity sensitivity, mid-range options and above often include it.  These keyboards have limited sound editing options, focusing on preset sounds. Casio and Yamaha are major manufacturers in this market, known for popularizing the concept since the 1980s.
Thomas Wapp
Thomas Wapp (born 29 January 1972) is a Swiss badminton player. He competed in the singles and doubles events at the 1996 Summer Olympics. Among others, he also competed in the IBF World Championships singles event in 1991, 1993, 1995 and 1999.

BWF World Championships
The BWF World Championships is a badminton tournament organized by the Badminton World Federation. It's the most prestigious badminton competition, offering the most ranking points, along with the Summer Olympics badminton events introduced in 1992. The winners of the tournament are World Champions of the sport and are awarded a gold medal.

The tournament started in 1977 and was held once every three years until 1983. However, the International Badminton Federation faced difficulty in hosting the first two events as the World Badminton Federation, which later merged with the IBF to form one badminton federation, hosted the same tournament a year after the IBF World Championships with the same goals.

Since 1985, the tournament became biennial and played once every two years until 2005. Starting 2006, the tournament was changed to an annual event on the BWF calendar. The tournament is not held during the Summer Olympics years to avoid schedule conflicts.
Camel Up
Camel Up is a board game for two to eight players. It was designed by Steffen Bogen and illustrated by Dennis Lohausen, and published in 2014 by Pegasus Spiele. Players place bets on a camel race in the desert; the player who wins the most money is the winner of the game. Camel Up won the Spiel des Jahres in 2014.

Note: Sandstorm cards are 1 space not 2) In 2015, an expansion called Camel Up: Supercup was released, allowing the game to be played with up to 10 players. A mobile app was also released in 2015 for Android and iOS devices.

At Essen 2018, a German board game convention, Eggertspiele released a second edition of the game with new artwork by Dennis Lohausen and Chris Quilliams, and revised game rules.

In 2021, a spinoff called Camel Up: Off Season was released.

BoardGameGeek
BoardGameGeek (BGG) is an online forum for board gaming hobbyists and a user-generated game database that holds reviews, images and videos for over 150,000 different tabletop games. The site allows users to rate games on a 1–10 scale and shows these as a ranked list of board games. It is considered the most-used website by board game enthusiasts since the 2000s, and recent academic literature about board games relies on the website. The New York Times in 2019 called it "the hub of board gaming on the internet."
Benjamin Obdyke
Benjamin Obdyke Incorporated is a building materials manufacturer based in the Philadelphia suburb of Horsham, Pennsylvania. The company was started by its namesake, Benjamin P. Obdyke in 1868.  Benjamin P. Obdyke is credited with creating and manufacturing the first corrugated downspout while the company itself claims patents on three products that have been integral in the advancement of building practices over the past 20 years: Roll Vent the first rolled ridge vent, Cedar Breather the first wood roofing underlayment, and Home Slicker the first rolled product to provide drainage and air flow in rainscreen wall assemblies. While the company’s origins are closely tied to the metal gutters and downspouts business, Benjamin Obdyke sold off that part of their business in the late nineties and now exclusively sells roof and wall products that help improve the building envelope, most of which feature the company’s patented matrix technology.

Ridge vent
A ridge vent is a type of vent installed at the peak of a sloped roof which allows warm, humid air to escape a building's attic. Ridge vents are most common on shingled residential buildings.

Ridge vents are also used in industrial warehouses to help release the hot air and help circulate comfortable air inside the building
.

For ridge venting to be effective, soffit vents must be present, especially on residential applications. Most shingle manufacturers have ventilation calculators to help you calculate the right amount of ventilation to add to a home.
Savaş, Karkamış
Savaş, formerly and still informally called Güccüg Şemik, is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Karkamış, Gaziantep Province, Turkey. The village had a population of 21 in 2022 and is inhabited by Turkmens of the Barak tribe.

Barak (tribe)
Barak, commonly referred to as Barak Turkmens (Turkish: Barak Türkmenleri), is a Turkoman tribe that mainly originates in the Barak Plain (Turkish: Barak Ovası) in the southeastern portion of the province of Gaziantep in south-central Turkey.
Cervantes Islands
The Cervantes Islands are a small group of islands to the south-west of the locality of Cervantes, both within the Shire of Dandaragan in Western Australia. They are 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from Thirsty Point at the southern side of the locality, approximately 180 kilometres (110 mi) north-west of Perth.

Cervantes, Western Australia
Cervantes is a town in Western Australia located about 198 kilometres (123 mi) north-north-west of the state capital, Perth, in the Shire of Dandaragan local government area.  At the 2021 census, Cervantes had a population of 480 down from 527 in 2016. The town was named after a ship that was wrecked nearby. The ship, in turn, was named after Miguel de Cervantes, author of Don Quixote.

The principal industry in the town is fishing. A small tourism industry is supported by the Pinnacles in nearby Nambung National Park. The saline Lake Thetis, which contains stromatolites, is also nearby.
Massachusetts Comprehensive Permit Act: Chapter 40B
The Comprehensive Permit Act is a Massachusetts law which allows developers of affordable housing to override certain aspects of municipal zoning bylaws and other requirements. It consists of Massachusetts General Laws (M.G.L.) Chapter 40B, Sections 20 through 23, along with associated regulations issued and administered by the Massachusetts Department of Housing and Community Development.  Chapter 40B was enacted in 1969 to address the shortage of affordable housing statewide by reducing barriers created by local municipal building permit approval processes, local zoning, and other restrictions. Its goal is to encourage the production of affordable housing in all communities throughout the Commonwealth.

For the purposes of this statute, affordable housing is defined as a unit which could be purchased or rented by a household making up to 80% of the median income of the area. Such housing must be subject to affordable housing restrictions to preserve affordability in the long term.

Median
The median of a set of numbers is the value separating the higher half from the lower half of a data sample, a population, or a probability distribution. For a data set, it may be thought of as the “middle" value. The basic feature of the median in describing data compared to the mean (often simply described as the "average") is that it is not skewed by a small proportion of extreme values, and therefore provides a better representation of the center. Median income, for example, may be a better way to describe the center of the income distribution because increases in the largest incomes alone have no effect on the median. For this reason, the median is of central importance in robust statistics.
Median is a 2-quantile; it is the value that partitions a set into two equal parts.
Bernie Orenstein
Bernard Orenstein (born February 5, 1931) is a Canadian-American actor, television producer and screenwriter. He was the collaborator of Saul Turteltaub.

Born in Toronto, Ontario. Orenstein mostly produced and wrote for television programs with his writing partner, Saul Turteltaub, as his credits includes, That Girl, The New Dick Van Dyke Show, Kate & Allie, Sanford and Son (and its spin-offs Grady and Sanford Arms), What's Happening!!, and Love, American Style.: 8  He is currently a professor at Long Island University.: 187

Grady (American TV series)
Grady is an American sitcom and a spin-off of Sanford and Son that aired on NBC from December 4, 1975, to March 4, 1976. Whitman Mayo reprises his role as Fred Sanford's widower friend Grady Wilson, who leaves Watts to move in with his daughter and her family in Westwood. Executive producer Norman Lear served as a consultant to the show.

The series never found a solid audience, and was canceled after ten episodes. Whitman Mayo returned to Sanford and Son and would go on to star in the spinoff series Sanford Arms.

Grady was Bud Yorkin's first series after he ended his partnership with Norman Lear and Tandem Productions. Five months, after the cancelation of the series, Haywood Nelson would later star in What's Happening!!, from the same production company, which proved to be more successful.
Lay Down Beside Me
"Lay Down Beside Me" is a song written by American country music artist Don Williams. It was first recorded by Jeanne Pruett on her 1974 self-titled album, and later recorded by Kenny Rogers on his 1977 self-titled album.

Williams later released his own version which was released as the second single from his 1979 album, Expressions. The single reached No. 3 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in 1979.

Kenny Rogers (album)
Kenny Rogers is the second studio album by American singer Kenny Rogers from United Artists Records, released in 1977.  The album marked his first major solo success following the minor success of Love Lifted Me in 1976.

The album produced two singles.  The first single, 1976's "Laura (What He's Got That I Ain't Got?)", peaked at #19. This song was originally a #1 country hit for Leon Ashley in 1967. In 1977, Kenny gained stardom with the single "Lucille", which climbed to the top of the country charts (both in the U.S. and Canada) and placing him squarely on the U.S. Hot 100 in the #5 position. It also blew open his solo career in the UK, reaching #1 there.  Another track from the album is "I Wasn't Man Enough" which makes appearances on some of Rogers' greatest hits compilations in years to come.

This was the first of twelve No. 1 albums for Rogers on the Country chart.  It ranked as high as #30 overall and was certified Platinum in the U.S. (also reaching Gold in Canada).
Mickey's Pirate and Princess Party
Mickey's Pirate and Princess Party was a hard-ticketed (separate admission) event held throughout the months of January through June at the Magic Kingdom theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida outside Orlando. A smaller version was also planned for Disneyland Paris Resort in 2011, but was cancelled. This event combined two of The Walt Disney Company's franchises, the Disney Princess line and the Pirates of the Caribbean franchise.

Lake Buena Vista, Florida
Lake Buena Vista (/ˌbwɛnəˈvɪstə/ or /ˌbweɪnəˈvɪstə/) is a city in Orange County, Florida, United States. It is mostly known for being the mailing address for Walt Disney World, although almost all of the resort facilities, including all four theme parks, are physically located in the adjacent city of Bay Lake. It is one of two Florida municipalities inside the Central Florida Tourism Oversight District, which also contains Walt Disney World, the other being Bay Lake. The permanent residential population of Lake Buena Vista was 24 at the 2020 census.

The city is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford Metropolitan Statistical Area, more commonly known as Greater Orlando or the Orlando metropolitan area.
Renato Fondi
Renato Fondi (1887–1929) was an Italian poet, writer and music critic.

Fondi was born in Pistoia. He was active in the city until the years of the First World War, and was President of the choral society Theodule Mabellini.  He contributed to the emergence of Giovanni Michelucci, brilliant architect and urban planner, and the whimsical Marino Marini.
He founded the magazines Athena and La Tempra to which they collaborated some of the most influential writers and musicians of the time: Giovanni Papini, Dino Campana, Giuseppe Antonio Borgese, Ildebrando Pizzetti and the Armenian poet Hrand Nazariantz.

His works include three important essays on the epigrammatist Nicolas Chamfort, on Giovanni Papini and on Ildebrando Pizzetti.

Fondi wrote a monograph, in 1927, about Alfredo Catalani, a composer from Lucca.  Catalani, who died in 1893, had not previously been studied. Fondi himself died in Rome of the same disease as Catalani, tuberculosis.

Pistoia
Pistoia (US: /pɪˈstɔɪə, piːˈstoʊjɑː/; Italian: [pisˈtoːja] ⓘ) is a city and comune in the Italian region of Tuscany, the capital of a province of the same name, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north-west of Florence and is crossed by the Ombrone Pistoiese, a tributary of the River Arno. It is a typical Italian medieval city, and it attracts many tourists, especially in the summer. The city is famous throughout Europe for its plant nurseries.
Arnaldo Garcia
Arnaldo Leite Pinto Garcia (born 1950) is a Brazilian mathematician working on algebraic geometry and coding theory. He is a titular researcher at the IMPA.

Garcia is a titular member of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences and has received Brazil's National Order of Scientific Merit.

He obtained his Ph.D. at the IMPA in 1980 under the guidance of Karl-Otto Stöhr.

National Order of Scientific Merit
The National Order of Scientific Merit (Portuguese: Ordem Nacional do Mérito Científico) is an honor bestowed upon Brazilian and foreign personalities recognized for their scientific and technical contributions to the cause and development of science in Brazil. It was instituted on March 16, 1993, by Decree no. 772, and then later updated on February 6, 2002, by Decree no. 4.115. The honors are given by either the Grand Master or Order Chancellor on June 13 of each year, which commemorates the birth of José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva.
Limetown (TV series)
Limetown is an American drama series, based on the podcast of the same name created by Zack Akers and Skip Bronkie, that premiered on Facebook Watch on October 16, 2019. The series stars Jessica Biel and Stanley Tucci.

On January 16, 2020, Facebook Watch canceled the series after one season.

John Beasley (actor)
John Beasley (June 26, 1943 – May 30, 2023) was an American actor. He is best known for his roles in the films Rudy (1993), The Apostle (1997), The Sum of All Fears (2002), Walking Tall (2004), The Purge: Anarchy (2014), Sinister 2 (2015), and his role as Irv Harper in the TV series Everwood (2002–2006). In 2002, Beasley founded the "John Beasley Theater & Workshop" in Omaha, Nebraska, to promote live theater, especially works written by or featuring African Americans.
Sir Rupert Clarke Stakes
The Sir Rupert Clarke Stakes, registered as the Invitation Stakes,  is a Melbourne Racing Club Group 1 Thoroughbred open handicap horse race, run over a distance of 1400 metres at Caulfield Racecourse, Melbourne, Australia in late September. Total prize money for the race is A$1,000,000.

Melbourne Racing Club
The Melbourne Racing Club (MRC) is one of three metropolitan horse racing clubs in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It began life as the Victoria Amateur Turf Club in 1875, with E. C. Moore as the club's first Secretary. The first VATC race meeting was held at Dowling Forest Racecourse in Ballarat, on Friday, 24 March 1876. Within six months, the VATC was granted use of Crown land at Caulfield as a permanent home in Melbourne.
Ubiquiti
Ubiquiti Inc. (formerly Ubiquiti Networks, Inc.) is an American technology company founded in San Jose, California, in 2003. Now based in New York City, Ubiquiti manufactures and sells wireless data communication and wired products for enterprises and homes under multiple brand names. On October 13, 2011, Ubiquiti had its initial public offering (IPO) at 7.04 million shares, at $15 per share, raising $30.5 million.

Brian Krebs
Brian Krebs (born 1972) is an American journalist and investigative reporter. He is best known for his coverage of profit-seeking cybercriminals. Krebs is the author of a daily blog, KrebsOnSecurity.com,  covering computer security and cybercrime. From 1995 to 2009, Krebs was a reporter for The Washington Post and covered tech policy, privacy and computer security as well as authoring the Security Fix blog.
Gayndah Court House
Gayndah Court House is a courthouse at 20 Capper Street, Gayndah, North Burnett Region, Queensland, Australia designed by the Queensland Department of Public Works, built in 1928. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 13 January 1995.

North Burnett Region
The North Burnett Region is a local government area in Queensland, Australia in the northern catchment of the Burnett River. Established in 2008, it was preceded by several previous local government areas with histories extending back to the early 1900s.

It has an estimated operating budget of A$32  million.

In the 2021 census, the North Burnett Region had a population of 10,068 people.