hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Phytosteroid
Phytosteroids, also known as plant steroids, are naturally occurring steroids that are found in plants. Examples include digoxin, digitoxin, diosgenin, and guggulsterone, as well as phytosterols like β-sitosterol.

Β-Sitosterol
β-Sitosterol (beta-sitosterol) is one of several phytosterols (plant sterols) with chemical structures similar to that of cholesterol. It is a white, waxy powder with a characteristic odor, and is one of the components of the food additive E499. Phytosterols are hydrophobic and soluble in alcohols.
Chanda (2007 film)
Chanda is a 2007 Kannada-language film directed by S. Narayan, produced by Smt. Bhagyavathi and starred Duniya Vijay and Shubha Punja. The film was in the news when Duniya Vijay decided not to dub for the film. The film was a box office success.

S. Narayan
S. Narayan (born 5 June 1962) is an Indian filmmaker, actor and lyricist of Kannada films. After Singeetam Srinivasa Rao, Narayan is the second director to direct Dr. Rajkumar and all his three sons. He has given many hits with Dr. Vishnuvardhan, some of which were remake films.
Sardinella zunasi
Sardinella zunasi (Japanese sardinella or Japanese scaled sardine) is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Clupeidae, the herrings and sardines. It is native to the northwestern Pacific Ocean, where it occurs near shore along the Asian coastlines from southern Japan to Taiwan.

This fish is usually around 10 centimeters long at maturity. It is usually slender, but its body shape is somewhat variable.

This marine fish lives in schools in coastal waters, and can sometimes be found in bays. Some populations are known to overwinter in the Yellow Sea. In the spring, it spawns in the open ocean and in semi-enclosed shoreline habitat. The eggs hatch in about 36 hours. The larvae are adaptable to a wide range of temperatures and salinities.

Studies of its mitochondrial DNA reveal that the species is divided genetically into three main lineages. The split may have occurred when two populations were isolated from the main one by low sea levels during glaciation events.

Salinity
Salinity (/səˈlɪnɪti/) is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water, called saline water (see also soil salinity). It is usually measured in g/L or g/kg (grams of salt per liter/kilogram of water; the latter is dimensionless and equal to ‰).

Salinity is an important factor in determining many aspects of the chemistry of natural waters and of biological processes within it, and is a thermodynamic state variable that, along with temperature and pressure, governs physical characteristics like the density and heat capacity of the water. These in turn are important for understanding ocean currents and heat exchange with the atmosphere.

A contour line of constant salinity is called an isohaline, or sometimes isohale.
Joshua D. Maurer
Joshua D. Maurer (born February 26, 1964) is an American film producer, writer and actor who is best known for Georgia O'Keeffe, The Hoax, The Last Tycoon, Rosemary's Baby, Jodi Arias: Dirty Little Secret, Introducing Dorothy Dandridge, And Starring Pancho Villa As Himself, The Pentagon Papers, Howards End, Papillon, and The Miracle Club.

The Hoax
The Hoax is a 2006 American comedy-drama film starring Richard Gere, directed by Swedish filmmaker Lasse Hallström. The screenplay by William Wheeler is based on the book of the same title by Clifford Irving. It recounts Irving's elaborate hoax of publishing an autobiography of Howard Hughes that he purportedly helped write, without ever having talked with Hughes.

The screenplay was considerably different from the book. Hired as a technical adviser to the film, Irving was displeased with the product and later asked to have his name removed from the credits. It nonetheless earned a positive critical reception, but was a box office bomb, grossing only $11.8 million against a budget of $25 million.
Yellow-fronted barbet
The yellow-fronted barbet (Psilopogon flavifrons) is an Asian barbet, which is an endemic resident breeder in Sri Lanka, where it inhabits subtropical and tropical moist forests, wetlands, plantations and rural gardens up to an altitude of 2,000 m (6,600 ft).

Megalaimidae
Megalaimidae, the Asian barbets, are a family of birds, comprising two genera with 35 species native to the forests of the Indomalayan realm from Tibet to Indonesia. They were once clubbed with all barbets in the family Capitonidae but the Old World species have been found to be distinctive and are considered, along with the Lybiidae and Ramphastidae, as sister groups.
Laurens Railroad
The Laurens Railroad was a 5 ft (1,524 mm) gauge shortline railroad started in 1854 that served the South Carolina Upstate region before, during, and after the Civil War. By 1861, the 32-mile line was carrying 8,500 passengers a day, and by 1881 it had been reorganized and was operating as the Laurens Railway. It survived under that named until it was bought by the Columbia, Newberry and Laurens Railroad in 1894.

Among the line's presidents was Henry William Garlington (1811-1893), a planter who signed the South Carolina Ordinance of Secession in 1860.

Track gauge
In rail transport, track gauge is the distance between the two rails of a railway track. All vehicles on a rail network must have wheelsets that are compatible with the track gauge. Since many different track gauges exist worldwide, gauge differences often present a barrier to wider operation on railway networks.

The term derives from the metal bar, or gauge, that is used to ensure the distance between the rails is correct.

Railways also deploy two other gauges to ensure compliance with a required standard. A loading gauge is a two-dimensional profile that encompasses a cross-section of the track, a rail vehicle and a maximum-sized load: all rail vehicles and their loads must be contained in the corresponding envelope. A structure gauge specifies the outline into which structures (bridges, platforms, lineside equipment etc.) must not encroach.
John Thorrington
John Gerard Thorrington (born October 17, 1979) is a former soccer player who currently serves as co-president and general manager of Major League Soccer club Los Angeles FC.

Although raised in the United States, Thorrington was born in South Africa and started his career as a youth team player in England with Premier League side Manchester United as a midfielder. In 1999, he moved to Germany and signed with Bayer Leverkusen; however, he failed to make the first team with either club and returned to England, where he signed for Huddersfield Town. He later featured for Grimsby Town before moving home to the United States, where he signed with Chicago Fire in 2005. He went on to play for fellow Major League Soccer teams Vancouver Whitecaps FC and D.C. United.

He was capped four times by the United States between 2001 and 2008, having previously also played four times for the United States U20.

United States men's national under-20 soccer team
The United States U-20 men's national soccer team is controlled by the United States Soccer Federation. The highest level of competition in which the team competes is the FIFA U-20 World Cup, which is held every two years.

The United States' best finish came in the 1989 FIFA World Youth Championship, when the U.S. beat Iraq in the quarterfinal before losing to Nigeria in overtime in the semifinal and Brazil in the third-place match. Steve Snow tied for second in the tournament with three goals.

The U.S. reached the quarterfinals in 1993 but lost to Brazil. After missing out in 1995, the U.S. began a run of six consecutive qualifications in 1997, reaching the second round in five consecutive tournaments. Of those tournaments, the best U.S. performance came in 2003, when the U.S. reached the quarterfinal and led Argentina 1–0 in the final minutes before falling 2–1 in extra time. The U.S. also reached the quarterfinal of the 2007 Cup before losing 2–1 in extra time to Austria.
Papyrus roll-open
The ancient Egyptian Papyrus roll-open hieroglyph comes in the common horizontal, or a vertical form. It is juxtaposed against a closed scroll, the Papyrus roll-tied hieroglyph, with the visible ties. Both styles of the papyrus roll, "-tied" or "-open", are a logogram for "roll of papyrus", with a phonetic value of m(dj)3t.

Some artistic versions of the papyrus roll show the laminations, or grid-work, the cross-hatching of the papyrus fibers, for example on Thutmose III's cartouches.

Logogram
In a written language, a logogram (from Ancient Greek logos 'word', and gramma 'that which is drawn or written'), also logograph or lexigraph, is a written character that represents a semantic component of a language, such as a word or morpheme. Chinese characters as used in Chinese as well as other languages are logograms, as are Egyptian hieroglyphs and characters in cuneiform script. A writing system that primarily uses logograms is called a logography. Non-logographic writing systems, such as alphabets and syllabaries, are phonemic: their individual symbols represent sounds directly and lack any inherent meaning. However, all known logographies have some phonetic component, generally based on the rebus principle, and the addition of a phonetic component to pure ideographs is considered to be a key innovation in enabling the writing system to adequately encode human language.
Yellow warbler
The yellow warbler (Setophaga petechia) is a New World warbler species. Yellow warblers are the most widespread species in the diverse genus Setophaga, breeding in almost the whole of North America, the Caribbean, as well as northern South America.

Clutch (eggs)
A clutch of eggs is the group of eggs produced by birds, amphibians, or reptiles, often at a single time, particularly those laid in a nest.

In birds, destruction of a clutch by predators (or removal by humans, for example the California condor breeding program) results in double-clutching. The technique is used to double the production of a species' eggs, in the California condor case, specifically to increase population size.
Higashi-Kanda
Higashi-Kanda (東神田) is a district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan, consisting of 1- to 3-chōme. As of April 1, 2007, its population is 1,718.

Higashi-Kanda is located on the northeastern part of Chiyoda. It borders Asakusabashi 4-chōme, Taitō to the north; Asakusabashi 1-chōme, Taitō and Nihonbashi-Bakurochō, Chūō to the east; Nihonbashi-Kodenmachō, Chūō to the south; and Iwamotochō, Chiyoda to the west.

The Kanda River runs between Higashi-Kanda 2-chōme and 3-chōme.

Higashi-Kanda 1-chōme is home to the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute Hitotsubashi High School.

Nihonbashi Bakurochō
Nihonbashi Bakurochō (日本橋馬喰町), known in short as Bakurochō (馬喰町), is a neighborhood in Chuo-ku, Tokyo.

It is at the intersection of the Kanda River and the Sumida River. Its name means "horse trader town", a reference to how it was formerly a center for selling and buying horses.

It is known as a center for the textile trade. Additionally,  Matjaz Ursic and Heide Imai, in Creativity in Tokyo: Revitalizing a Mature City, stated that the concentration of hotels, stemming from lodging needed for horse trading, gave the Bakurochō area fame.
Video game graphics
A variety of computer graphic techniques have been used to display video game content throughout the history of video games. The predominance of individual techniques have evolved over time, primarily due to hardware advances and restrictions such as the processing power of central or graphics processing units.

Graphics hardware
Graphics hardware is computer hardware that generates computer graphics and allows them to be shown on a display, usually using a graphics card (video card) in combination with a device driver to create the images on the screen.
Tetovo dialect
The Tetovo dialect  (Macedonian: Тетовски дијалект, Tetovski dijalekt) or Lower Polog dialect (Macedonian: Долнополошки дијалект, Dolnopološki dijalekt) is a member of the western subgroup of the northern group of dialects of Macedonian. It is considered part of the transitional Torlakian dialects. It is spoken by the population in the north-western part of North Macedonia. This dialect is spoken in the city of Tetovo, Brvenica and  Jegunovce Municipality (without the villages Vratnica, Belovište, Staro Selo and Rogačevo who speak the Vratnica dialect). One of the main characteristics of this dialect is the use of the words таќе (taḱe) – "on that way" and ваќе (vaḱe) – "on this way". The Tetovo dialect can be found in several books, two of which were written by Kiril Peychinovich, namely Ogledalo and Uteshenia greshnim.

Rogačevo
Rogačevo is a small village located in the north-western part of North Macedonia, 26 km away from the city of Tetovo and 1 km away from the village of Jažince, the border crossing point with Kosovo. It used to be part of the former municipality of Vratnica.

Žerovjane is Rogačevo in the 1467/68 Ottoman tax registry (defter) for the Nahiyah of Kalkandelen. The village had a total of 59 Christian households and 4 bachelors.

Rogacevo is situated in the upper part of the Polog plain, at the foothills of the northern part of the Šar Mountains, under the Luboten peak.  Around a hundred houses are present with about 500 people living here.  Since the time the village was founded, it has been Christian Orthodox.

According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 347 inhabitants.

In statistics gathered by Vasil Kanchov in 1900, the village of Rogačevo (Rogachevo) was inhabited by 210 Christian Bulgarians.
West Oaks Mall (Orlando)
West Oaks Mall is a super-regional enclosed shopping mall in Ocoee, Florida. The mall is located west of Orlando at the intersection of Colonial Drive (SR 50) and Clarke Road near Florida's Turnpike, the East–West Expressway (SR 408), and the Western Beltway (SR 429). It was opened in 1996 and is currently owned by Moonbeam Capital Investments.

The single-floor mall spans 1.1 million square feet (100,000 m2) with 125 store spaces and five anchor spaces. It is currently anchored by Dillard's Clearance Center, JCPenney, a 14-screen AMC theater, and a SunPass customer service center, with the fifth anchor building vacant.

Florida's Turnpike
Florida's Turnpike, designated as unsigned State Road 91 (SR 91), is a controlled-access toll road in the U.S. state of Florida, maintained by Florida's Turnpike Enterprise (FTE). Spanning approximately 309 miles (497 km) along a northwest–southeast axis, the turnpike is in two sections. The SR 91 mainline runs roughly 265 miles (426 km) from its southern terminus at an interchange with Interstate 95 (I-95) in Miami Gardens to an interchange with I-75 in Wildwood at its northern terminus. The Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike (abbreviated HEFT and designated as unsigned SR 821) continues from the southern end of the mainline for another 48 miles (77 km) to US Highway 1 (US 1) in Florida City. The slogan for the road is "The Less Stressway". The mainline opened in stages between 1957 and 1964, while the extension was completed in 1974. The turnpike runs through Miami, Fort Lauderdale, and West Palm Beach, where it parallels I-95, and through Orlando, where it crosses I-4.
Charlottetown City Hall
Charlottetown City Hall is the seat of City Council in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada. It is located at 199 Queen Street at the corner of Kent Street.

It was designed by architects John Lemuel Phillips and Charles Benjamin Chappell in the Romanesque Revival style. It was built by contractor William H. Fraser beginning in 1887 and was completed in 1888. The fire hall designed by Charles Benjamin Chappell and John Marshall Hunter opened in 1916.

It was designated as a National Historic Site of Canada on November 23, 1984.

Seat of government
A seat of government is a "building, complex of buildings or the city from which a government exercises its authority". When referring to a city, the seat of government is generally the capital of the state or administrative entity in question, although there are exceptions. Particular terms for the seat of certain territorial subdivisions are administrative centre, county seat (common in the United States), county town (United Kingdom and Ireland), or barrio-pueblo (Puerto Rico), among others; buildings that may function as seats of government include official residences, supreme court buildings, city or town halls, administrative or executive buildings, shire or county halls, legislative buildings, and barangay halls.
Sportsfriends
Sportsfriends is a party video game created by the Danish independent developer collective Die Gute Fabrik. It consists of four games: Johann Sebastian Joust, Super Pole Riders, BaraBariBall, and Hokra. It was released for PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Windows, Mac, and Linux. The game was funded through Kickstarter and received over US$150,000 from backers.

Johann Sebastian Joust does not have graphics or use a monitor. Instead, players try to hold a PlayStation Move controller still while others attempt to bump their controller. Die Gute Fabrik entered the minigame into the 2012 Independent Games Festival competition. Pole Riders is a polevaulting game created by Bennett Foddy. A prototype version is available as a web game.

Bennett Foddy
Bennett Foddy (born 1978) is an Australian video game designer based in New York. Raised in Australia and trained as a moral philosopher on topics of drug addiction, Foddy was a bassist in the electronic music group Cut Copy and a hobbyist game designer while he finished his dissertation. During his postdoctoral research at Princeton University and time on staff at Oxford University, Foddy developed games of very high difficulty, including QWOP (2008), which became an Internet sensation at the end of 2010 with the rise of new online social sharing tools. He later became an instructor at the NYU Game Center. His most famous game aside from QWOP is Getting Over It with Bennett Foddy, a philosophical, physics-based platform game released in 2017.
Ghar, Gurdaspur
Ghar is a village in Dhar Kalan tehsil in Pathankot district of Indian state of Punjab. It is located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from Pathankot City, district headquarters and 279 kilometres (173 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Dhar Kalan
Dhar Kalan is a village and administrative headquarter of Dhar Kalan tehsil in Pathankot district of Punjab State, India. It is located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) from district headquarter Pathankot and 260 kilometres (160 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Before formation of Pathankot district on 27 July 2011, Dhar Kalan along with Pathankot district was part of Gurdaspur district. For 2011 census it is listed under Gurdaspur district as census was completed before formation of the new district of Pathankot.
Ewa Paradies
Ewa Paradies (17 December 1920 – 4 July 1946) was a Nazi concentration camp overseer.

In August 1944, Paradies arrived at the Stutthof SK-III camp for training as an Aufseherin, or overseer. She soon finished training and became a wardress. In October 1944, she was reassigned to Stutthof's Bromberg-Ost subcamp; and in January 1945, she was moved back to the main Stutthof camp. In April 1945, Paradies accompanied one of the last transports of women prisoners to the Lauenburg subcamp and fled. After she was captured, she was a defendant in the Stutthof trial. One witness testified: "She ordered a group of female prisoners to undress in the freezing cold of winter, and then doused them with ice cold water. When the women moved, Paradies beat them."

Prison officer
A prison officer (PO) or corrections officer (CO), also known as a correctional law enforcement officer or less formally as a prison guard, is a uniformed law enforcement official responsible for the custody, supervision, safety, and regulation of prisoners.
Boekelheide reaction
The Boekelheide reaction is a rearrangement of α-picoline-N-oxides to hydroxymethylpyridines. It is named after Virgil Boekelheide who first reported it in 1954. Originally the reaction was carried out using acetic anhydride, which typically required a period at reflux (~140 °C). The reaction can be performed using trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA), which often allows for a room temperature reaction.

Acetic anhydride
Acetic anhydride, or ethanoic anhydride, is the chemical compound with the formula (CH3CO)2O. Commonly abbreviated Ac2O, it is one the simplest anhydrides of a carboxylic acid and is widely used in the production of cellulose acetate and heroin, as well as a reagent in organic synthesis. It is a colorless liquid that smells strongly of acetic acid, which is formed by its reaction with moisture in the air.
Haviland (given name)
Haviland is a unisex given name, a transferred use of the surname and place name. According to one source, the name is derived from the place name Haverhill, Suffolk, England, which was originally called Haverland. The name is derived from a combination of the Old English words hafod, meaning ‘’shelter’’,  and ‘’land’’. The name can also be derived from a Norman French surname meaning "goat land." The name has been in occasional use for both boys and girls in North America since the 19th century.

Haverhill, Suffolk
Haverhill (/ˈheɪvərhɪl/ HAY-vər-hil, /ˈheɪvrɪl/ HAYV-ril) is a market town and civil parish in the West Suffolk district, in the county of Suffolk, England, next to the borders of Essex and Cambridgeshire. It lies about 14 miles (23 km) southeast of Cambridge and 47 miles (76 km) northeast of central London. In 2022 it had a population of 27,500.
Hathcock
Hathcock is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carlos Hathcock (1942–1999), former United States Marine Corps sniper

Dave Hathcock (born 1943), former American football defensive back

Jessie Scott Hathcock (1894–1986), American humanitarian, educator, and civil rights leader

Carlos Hathcock
Carlos Norman Hathcock II (May 20, 1942 – February 22, 1999) was a United States Marine Corps (USMC) sniper with a service record of 93 confirmed kills. His record and the extraordinary details of the missions he undertook made him a legend in the U.S. Marine Corps. He was honored by having a rifle named after him: a variant of the M21 dubbed the Springfield Armory M25 White Feather, for the nickname "White Feather" given to Hathcock by the North Vietnamese People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN).
Azobenzene reductase
Azobenzene reductase also known as azoreductase (EC 1.7.1.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:

The substrates of this enzyme are trans-4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene, two equivalents of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and two protons. It's products are aniline, N,N-dimethylphenylenediamine, and oxidised NADP+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require it as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source'). NADPH is the reduced form, whereas NADP+ is the oxidized form. NADP+ is used by all forms of cellular life. NADP+ is essential for life because it is needed for cellular respiration.

NADP+ differs from NAD+ by the presence of an additional phosphate group on the 2' position of the ribose ring that carries the adenine moiety. This extra phosphate is added by NAD+ kinase and removed by NADP+ phosphatase.