hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charlie Grant (activist)
Charles Grant (22 October 1902 - 28 May 1980) was a Canadian salesman and human rights activist.

He left home early to travel and eventually became a diamond broker in Vienna.

In 1938 he was arrested by the Nazis for currency speculation and spent the entire war in internment camps. Charlie Grant was also telecasted on CBC for this war.

He is portrayed by R. H. Thomson in the fictionalized account of his war experiences in Charlie Grant's War which aired 1985 on CBC.

R. H. Thomson
Robert Holmes Thomson CM (born 1947), known as R. H. Thomson, is a Canadian television, film, and stage actor. With a career spanning five decades he remains a regular presence on Canadian movie screens and television. He has received numerous awards for his contributions to the arts, and to war veterans.
Every Heart a Doorway
Every Heart a Doorway is a fantasy novella by American writer Seanan McGuire, the first in the Wayward Children series. It was first published in hardcover and ebook editions by Tor.com in April 2016.

Every Heart a Doorway won the 2016 Nebula Award for Best Novella, as well as the 2017 Alex Award, Hugo Award for Best Novella, and Locus Award for Best Novella.

Locus Award for Best Novella
The Locus Award for Best Novella is one of a number of Locus Awards given out each year by Locus magazine. Awards presented in a given year are for works published in the previous calendar year.

The first award in this category was presented in 1973.
12th Manitoba Legislature
The members of the 12th Manitoba Legislature were elected in the Manitoba general election held in March 1907. The legislature sat from January 2, 1908, to June 30, 1910.

The Conservatives led by Rodmond Roblin formed the government.

Charles Mickle of the Liberal Party served as Leader of the Opposition. After Mickle was named a judge in 1909, Tobias Norris became party leader and leader of the opposition.

James Johnson served as speaker for the assembly.

There were three sessions of the 12th Legislature:

Daniel Hunter McMillan was Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba.

Daniel Hunter McMillan
Sir Daniel Hunter McMillan, KCMG (January 14, 1846 – April 14, 1933) was a Manitoba politician.  He was a cabinet minister in Thomas Greenway's government from 1889 to 1900, and served as the seventh Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba from 1900 to 1911.
Cafeteria
A cafeteria, called canteen outside the U.S., is a type of food service location in which there is no waiting staff table service. Cafeterias are different from coffeehouses, although the English term came from the Spanish term cafetería, which carries the same meaning.

Instead of table service, there are food-serving counters/stalls or booths, either in a line or allowing arbitrary walking paths. Customers take the food that they desire as they walk along, placing it on a tray. In addition, there are often stations where customers order food, particularly items such as hamburgers or tacos.

Customers are either charged a flat rate for admission (as in a buffet) or pay at check-out for each item. Some self-service cafeterias charge by the weight of items on a customer's plate. In universities and colleges some students pay by making a single large payment for the entire academic term.

Academic term
An academic term (or simply term) is a portion of an academic year during which an educational institution holds classes. The schedules adopted vary widely. Common terms such as semester, trimester, and quarter are used to denote terms of specific durations. In most countries, the academic year begins in late summer or early autumn and ends during the following spring or summer.
1989 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Senior men's race
The Senior men's race at the 1989 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in Stavanger, Norway, at the Scanvest Ring on March 19, 1989. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.

Complete results, medallists,
 and the results of British athletes were published.

The Herald (Glasgow)
The Herald is a Scottish broadsheet newspaper founded in 1783. The Herald is the longest running national newspaper in the world and is the eighth oldest daily paper in the world. The title was simplified from The Glasgow Herald in 1992. Following the closure of the Sunday Herald, the Herald on Sunday was launched as a Sunday edition on 9 September 2018.
Edirne Province
Edirne Province (Turkish: Edirne ili) is a Turkish province located in East Thrace. Part of European Turkey, it is one of only three provinces located entirely within continental Europe. Its area is 6,145 km2, and its population is 414,714 (2022). Edirne Province is bordered by Tekirdağ Province and Kırklareli Province to the east, and the Gallipoli peninsula of Çanakkale Province to the south-east. It shares international borders with Bulgaria (Haskovo and Yambol Provinces) to the north and Greece (Eastern Macedonia and Thrace) to the west. Edirne is the capital of the province, and the largest city. It is the only province of Turkey that borders Greece.

Haskovo Province
41°50′N 25°55′E﻿ / ﻿41.833°N 25.917°E﻿ / 41.833; 25.917

Haskovo Province (Bulgarian: Област Хасково, romanized: Oblast Haskovo; former name Haskovo okrug) is a province in southern Bulgaria, neighbouring Greece and Turkey to the southeast, comprising parts of the Thracian valley along the river Maritsa. It is named after its administrative and industrial centre: the city of Haskovo. The province has a territory of 5,533.3 km2 (2,136.4 sq mi) that is divided into 11 municipalities with a total population, as of December 2009, of 256,408 inhabitants.
Cedarapis
Cedarapis is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived from 501 to 490 million years ago during the Dresbachian faunal stage of the late Cambrian Period.

Dresbachian
The Dresbachian is a Maentwrogian regional stage of North America, lasting from 501 to 497 million years ago. It is part of the Upper Cambrian and is defined by four trilobite zones. It overlaps with the ICS-stages Guzhangian, Paibian and the lowest Jiangshanian.

The Dresbachian overlies the Middle Cambrian Albertan series, and is the lowest stage of the Upper Cambrian Croixian series, followed by the Franconian stage.  The Dresbachian extinction event, about 502 million years ago, was followed by the Cambrian–Ordovician extinction event about 486.85 million years ago.
Shivaune Field
Shivaune Field (born 11 January, Melbourne, Australia) is an Australian journalist, reporter and beauty pageant titleholder. She writes a column for Forbes and has profiled Tory Burch, Karlie Kloss, Ann Curry, Barbara Corcoran and others. Field previously worked with Bloomberg Media where she interviewed thought leaders, C-suite executives and company founders including Elon Musk, Tony Hsieh, Berkshire Hathaway's Charlie Munger, Ford CEO Mark Fields, George Lucas, Jay Leno, LeBron James and Jessica Alba among many others.

Tory Burch
Tory Burch (née Robinson; born June 17, 1966) is an American fashion designer and businesswoman. She is the executive chairman and chief creative officer of her own brand, Tory Burch LLC. She was listed as the 88th most powerful woman in the world by Forbes in 2020.
Janet Horner
Janet Horner is an Irish Green Party politician who has been a member of Dublin City Council since September 2019. She was elected Cathaoirleach (chairperson) of the party in May 2025, succeeding Pauline O'Reilly. She is the party's spokesperson on Foreign Affairs, Trade and Defence.

Department of Defence (Ireland)
The Department of Defence (Irish: An Roinn Cosanta) is the department of the Government of Ireland that is responsible for preserving peace and security in Ireland, and administers the Irish Defence Forces. The department is led by the Minister for Defence.
Rum-running
Rum-running, or bootlegging, is the illegal business of smuggling alcoholic beverages where such transportation is forbidden by law. The term rum-running is more commonly applied to smuggling over water; bootlegging is applied to smuggling over land.

Smuggling circumvents alcohol taxes and outright prohibition of alcohol sales.

Alcohol tax
Excise taxes on alcoholic beverages are per unit taxes levied by governments to raise revenue or used as corrective taxes to control health-related externalities associated with consumption of alcohol. Almost all countries tax alcohol. This page addresses the economics and politics of alcohol excise  taxation.
Long Point Region Conservation Authority
The Long Point Region Conservation Area is an agency of the province of Ontario, Canada, formed to preserve the volume of flow, and purity, of the watercourses that flow into Lake Erie, near Long Point.

Rivers that flow through the region include Big Otter Creek, Big Creek, Lynn River and Nanticoke Creek.

The region includes remnants of the Carolinian forest that once covered much of southern Ontario.

Carolinian forest
The Carolinian forest refers to a life zone in eastern North America characterized primarily by the predominance of deciduous (broad-leaf) forest.  The term "Carolinian", which is most commonly used in Canada, refers to the deciduous forests which span across much of the eastern United States from North Carolina northward into southern Ontario, Canada. These deciduous forests in the United States and southern Ontario share many similar characteristics and species hence their association. Today the term is often used to refer to the Canadian portion (northern limit) of the deciduous forest region while the portion in the United States is often referred to as the "Eastern deciduous forest".
Edward Cotter (politician)
Edward Cotter (27 June 1902 – 11 December 1972) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician. He unsuccessfully contested the Cork West constituency June 1949 by-election caused by the death of Timothy J. Murphy but was elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála (TD) for the Cork West constituency at the 1954 general election. He moved to the Cork South-West at the 1961 general election and continued to hold his seat until he retired at the 1969 general election.

Cork West (Dáil constituency)
Cork West was a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas from 1923 to 1961. The constituency elected 5 (and later 3) deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) to the Dáil, on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
Samuel Thornton (bishop)
Christianity portal

Samuel Thornton was an Anglican bishop in the late quarter of the 19th century and the start of the 20th.

Thornton  was born in London on 16 April 1835 and educated at Merchant Taylors' School and Queen's College, Oxford. He was ordained in 1859 and after a spell at the London Diocesan Home Mission became Vicar of St Jude's, Whitechapel. From 1864 to 1875 he was Rector of St George's, Birmingham. In 1875 he was appointed Bishop of Ballarat, a post he held until 1900. On his return to England he became Vicar of Blackburn and an  Assistant Bishop in the Diocese of Manchester. He became a notable proponent of British Israelism. He died on 25 November 1917.

The Queen's College, Oxford
The Queen's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford, England. The college was founded in 1341 by Robert de Eglesfield in honour of Philippa of Hainault, queen of England. It is distinguished by its predominantly neoclassical architecture, primarily dating from the 18th century.

As of 2022, the college had an endowment of £327.8 million making it the fifth-wealthiest Oxford college (after Christ Church, Magdalen, St. John's, and All Souls).
Fliegerstaffel 8
Fliegerstaffel 8 «Vandalos» is a Swiss Air Force militia squadron, equipped with  Northrop F-5E and forms Fliegergeschwader 13 with Fliegerstaffel 11. The home base of the unit is Meiringen Air Base.  As coat of arms, the Fliegerstaffel 8 carries as a red sawfish, floating through the lower opening of a black number 8 on a white ground. The sawfish is called  Vandalo.

Swiss Air Force
The Swiss Air Force (German: Schweizer Luftwaffe; French: Forces aériennes suisses; Italian: Forze aeree svizzere; Romansh: Aviatica militara svizra) is the air component of the Swiss Armed Forces, established on 31 July 1914, three days after the outbreak of World War I, as a part of the army and in October 1936 as an independent service.

In peacetime, Dübendorf is the operational air force headquarters. The Swiss Air Force operates from several fixed bases (see current status) but its personnel are also trained to carry out air operations from temporary highway airstrips. In case of crisis or war, several stretches of road are specially prepared for this option.
Black Mingo Creek
Black Mingo Creek is a tributary of the Black River in coastal South Carolina. The creek derives its name from the Mingo, a tribe that once inhabited the fork made by the junction of Indiantown Swamp and Black Mingo Creek.

It is a blackwater river: the presence of tannin gives it the color of tea. The river is relatively untouched by modern development, and is mostly surrounded by wetlands of cypress and tupelo with the adjacent higher lands mostly used for conventional agriculture or tree farming. The waters are a favorite fishing site for largemouth bass and panfish. Beavers are abundant, as well as great blue herons, songbirds and crows. Occasionally a bald eagle can be sighted. Alligators are also present.

The creek drains communities around Indiantown, Nesmith, and the communities of Rome and Rose Hill.

Tupelo (tree)
Tupelo /ˈtuːpɪloʊ/, genus Nyssa /ˈnɪsə/, is a small genus of deciduous trees with alternate, simple leaves. It is sometimes included in the subfamily Nyssoideae of the dogwood family, Cornaceae, but is placed by other authorities in the family Nyssaceae. In the APG IV system, it is placed in Nyssaceae.

Most Nyssa species are highly tolerant of wet soils and flooding, and some need such environments as habitat. Some of the species are native to eastern North America, from southeastern Canada through the Eastern United States to Mexico and Central America. Other species are found in eastern and southeastern Asia, from China south through Indochina to Java and southwest to the Himalayas.
Campbell Robb
Campbell Robb (25 February 1882 — 6 September 1958) was an Irish international rugby union player.

Born in Galway, Robb attended Campbell College and Queen's College Belfast.

Robb played varsity rugby during his medical studies as a three-quarter for Queen's College RFC and was capped five times on the wing for Ireland from 1904 to 1906, with his only try coming in his last match against Scotland.

An officer in the Royal Army Medical Corps, Robb attained the rank of captain and served in the Middle East in World War I, during which was put in charge of a hospital in Palestine.

Robb was Chief Medical Officer for Egyptian State Railways, prior to independence, and later worked in Ipswich, Suffolk, where he was chairman of the Health Executive Council.

Campbell College
Campbell College located in Belfast, Northern Ireland, and founded in 1894 comprises a preparatory school department (junior age) and a senior Northern Ireland Voluntary Grammar school, the latter meaning, in terms of provision of education, a government funded, selective school.

The school is one of a number of schools in the state funded grammar sector in Northern Ireland which can offer paid boarding places to some pupils, typically to be funded by the pupil, although most pupils are dayboys.

It is one of the eight schools of Northern Ireland represented on the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference and is a member of the Independent Schools Council.
Truth (2013 film)
Truth is a 2013 American psychological thriller film directed and written by Rob Moretti and starring Sean Paul Lockhart, Blanche Baker, and Rob Moretti. It was filmed in  Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey and Montclair, New Jersey, United States.

Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey
Englewood Cliffs is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 5,342, an increase of 61 (+1.2%) from the 2010 census count of 5,281, which in turn reflected a decline of 41 (-0.8%) from the 5,322 counted in the 2000 census.

The borough houses the world headquarters of CNBC (Versant), the North American headquarters of South Korean conglomerate LG Corp, and the American headquarters of global CPG conglomerate Unilever, and was home to both Ferrari and Maserati North America.

The borough was formed in 1895, having seceded from Englewood Township, with William Outis Allison serving as the new municipality's first mayor, as part of the "Boroughitis" then sweeping Bergen County, with 26 boroughs formed in the county in 1894 alone.
Androsterone glucuronide
Androsterone glucuronide (ADT-G) is a major circulating and urinary metabolite of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). It accounts for 93% of total androgen glucuronides in women. ADT-G is formed from androsterone by UDP-glucuronosyltransferases, with the major enzymes being UGT2B15 and UGT2B17. It is a marker of acne in women while androstanediol glucuronide is a marker of hirsutism (excess hair growth) in women.

Glucuronosyltransferase
Uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, UDPGT or UGT) is a microsomal glycosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.17) that catalyzes the transfer of the glucuronic acid component of UDP-glucuronic acid to a small hydrophobic molecule. This is a glucuronidation reaction.

Alternative names:

glucuronyltransferase

UDP-glucuronyl transferase

UDP-GT
National Digital Preservation Program
The National Digital Preservation Program is an initiative run by the Indian Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) to improve digital preservation efforts in India as a means to counter rapidly changing technology and digital obsolescence. The program was initially conceived of in 2008 by the Research & Development in IT (R&D in IT) division of MeitY and was further developed in March 24-25, 2009 during an Indo-US Workshop on International Trends in Digital Preservation that was organized by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) of Pune, India, with sponsorship from Indo-US Science & Technology Forum. Following this workshop, C-DAC continued to implement further digital preservation efforts.

Metadata
Metadata (or metainformation) is data that defines and describes the characteristics of other data.  It often helps to describe, explain, locate, or otherwise make data easier to retrieve, use, or manage. For example, the title, author, and publication date of a book are metadata about the book. But, while a data asset is finite, its metadata is infinite.

As such, efforts to define, classify types, or structure metadata are expressed as examples in the context of its use. The term "metadata" has a history dating to the 1960s where it occurred in computer science and in popular culture. Different types of metadata serve different functions. For example, descriptive metadata for a document might include the author, creation date, file size and keywords.
Theuns
Theuns is a short form used in South Africa of the Dutch masculine given name Theunis, which like Teunis, it is a derivative of Anthonius (Anthony). Both Theunis and Theuns also exist as a patronymic surname. Notable people with this name include the following:

Teunis
Teunis is a Dutch masculine given name. Like Theunis, it is a derivative of Antonius (Anthony). It is also considered a diminutive form of Antonius, Anton, Antoon, Anthonis, Anthoon, Antonie, and Antonis used in Belgium, Netherlands, Suriname, South Africa, Namibia, and Indonesia.  Its popularity as a birth name has dropped since the middle of the last century, taken over partially by its short form Teun. People with the name include:

Teunis G. Bergen (1806–1881), United States Representative from New York.

Teunis Horstman (1927–2014), Dutch Old Catholic bishop

Teunis Jacob (1927–2009), Dutch wall painter and sculptor

Teunis Kloek (born 1934), Dutch economist

Teunis van der Linden (1884–1965), Dutch chemist

Teunis Mulder (born 1955), Dutch-born Australian politician

Teunis Mulder (born 1981), Dutch track cyclist

Teunis Sprong (1889–1971), Dutch long-distance runner

Teunis Zaaijer (1837–1902), Dutch physician
The Greatest Hits (Juvenile album)
The Greatest Hits is the first greatest hits album by American rapper Juvenile. It was released on October 19, 2004, via Cash Money/Universal Records. Recording sessions took place at Cash Money Studios in New Orleans, Studio Center and Circle House Studios in Miami. Production was handled by Mannie Fresh and Dani Kartel, with Baby and Slim serving as executive producers. It features guest appearances from the Cash Money Millionaires, Papa Reu, Soulja Slim, Wyclef Jean and Ying Yang Twins. The album peaked at number 31 on the Billboard 200, number 9 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number 5 on the Top Rap Albums in the United States.

Papa Reu
Reuben Nero, better known by his stage name Papa Reu, (born October 17, 1974) is a Trinidad and Tobago-born rapper, singer, producer, and songwriter from Houston, Texas., United States. He is also a former member of hip-hop record label Cash Money Records. He has established his own record label Reu Muzik, Inc. through which he has released three albums, namely Xcuse Me, U Know Me, and Certified.
Cassiope lycopodioides
Cassiope lycopodioides is a plant species in the family Ericaceae, known by the common names clubmoss mountain-heather or Haida Gwaii mountain-heather. The species is native to northeast Asia and northwestern North America, where it grows on rocky slopes and crevices in arctic tundra and alpine tundra at elevations up to 2000 m.

Alpine tundra
Alpine tundra is a type of natural region or biome that does not contain trees because it is at high elevation, with an associated harsh climate. As the latitude of a location approaches the poles, the threshold elevation for alpine tundra gets lower until it reaches sea level and merges with polar tundra.

The high elevation causes an adverse climate, which is too cold and windy to support tree growth. Alpine tundra transitions to sub-alpine forests below the tree line; stunted forests occurring at the forest-tundra ecotone are known as krummholz. With increasing elevation it ends at the snow line where snow and ice persist through summer.

Alpine tundra occurs in mountains worldwide. The flora of the alpine tundra is characterized by dwarf shrubs close to the ground. The cold climate of the alpine tundra is caused by adiabatic cooling of air, and is similar to polar climate.
Sarsiado
Sarsiado (also sometimes spelled as sarciado) is a fish dish from the Philippines which features tomatoes and eggs.

The name sarsiado comes from the Tagalog word sarsa, meaning “sauce,” which is derived from the Spanish word salsa. The term reflects the dish’s defining characteristic of fish cooked in a thick sauce made with tomatoes and beaten eggs.

Salsa (food)
A salsa is any of a variety of sauces used as condiments for tacos and other Mexican and Mexican-American foods, and as dips for tortilla chips. They may be raw or cooked, and are generally served at room temperature.

Though the word salsa means any kind of sauce in Spanish, in English, it refers specifically to these Mexican table sauces, especially to the chunky tomato-and-chili-based pico de gallo, as well as to salsa verde.

Tortilla chips with salsa are a ubiquitous appetizer in Mexican-American restaurants, but not in Mexico itself.