hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Principality of Mahmudi
The Principality of Mahmudi was a Kurdish-Yazidi hereditary polity that emerged in eastern Anatolia during the late medieval and early modern periods. Centered in the regions north and east of Lake Van (modern-day eastern Turkey), it was originally associated with the Yazidi tribal confederation of the Mahmudi and later divided into Sunni Muslim and Yazidi branches.

From the 15th to the 18th centuries, the principality played an important role in the Ottoman–Safavid frontier zone, exercising varying degrees of autonomy under Ottoman suzerainty. The Yazidi-ruled branch of the polity became known in contemporary sources and on European maps as "Ezdikhan" (Êzdîxan), while the Sunni branch governed from Hoşap castle. This principality ruled effectively in strategic areas such as Hakkari and Donboli. However, it collapsed in 1829 after a siege by Han Mahmud, Prıncıpalıty of Miks, and other Kurdish beys.

Lake Van
Lake Van (Turkish: Van Gölü; Armenian: Վանա լիճ, romanized: Vana lič; Kurdish: Gola Wanê) is the largest lake in Turkey. It lies in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey in the provinces of Van and Bitlis, in the Armenian highlands. It is a saline soda lake, receiving water from many small streams that descend from the surrounding mountains. It is one of the world's few endorheic lakes (a lake having no outlet) of size greater than 3,000 square kilometres (1,200 sq mi) and has 38% of the country's surface water (including rivers). A volcanic eruption blocked its original outlet in prehistoric times. It is situated at 1,640 m (5,380 ft) above sea level. Despite the high altitude and winter averages below 0 °C (32 °F), high salinity usually prevents it from freezing; the shallow northern section can freeze, but rarely.
Tricholoma griseipileatum
Tricholoma griseipileatum is an agaric fungus of the genus Tricholoma. Found in Peninsular Malaysia, where it grows on humus in montane forest, it was described as new to science in 1994 by English mycologist E.J.H. Corner.

Agaric
An agaric (/ˈæɡərɪk, əˈɡærɪk/) is a type of fungal fruiting body characterized by the presence of a pileus (cap) that is clearly differentiated from the stipe (stalk), with lamellae (gills) on the underside of the pileus. It is a type of mushroom (or toadstool), the diverse group of agarics being lumped together as gilled mushrooms. "Agaric" can also refer more generally to any basidiomycete species characterized by an agaric-type fruiting body.
Stealing First Base
"Stealing First Base" is the fifteenth episode of the twenty-first season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 21, 2010. In this episode, Bart falls in love with a girl named Nikki from a second fourth-grade class, but when he kisses her, Nikki begins treating Bart like dirt. Meanwhile, First Lady Michelle Obama teaches Lisa that there is no shame in being an overachiever, and Nelson Muntz teaches a blind boy how to be a schoolyard bully.

The episode was written by John Frink and directed by Steven Dean Moore. The episode was also watched by 5.69 million households and received a 2.8/8 in the 18-49 Nielsen Rating. The episode received mixed reviews from critics. The episode guest stars Sarah Silverman as Nikki and Angela Bassett as Michelle Obama.

Nelson Muntz
Nelson Mandela Muntz Sr. is a fictional character, the lead school bully, and a recurring antagonist from the animated television series The Simpsons, where he is best known for his signature mocking laugh "Ha-ha!" He is voiced by Nancy Cartwright. Nelson was first introduced in Season 1's "Bart the General" as an antagonist, but later became more of an anti-hero, continuing to bully those weaker than him while occasionally showing a friendly and sensitive nature underneath. Nelson lives in poverty with his mother in a run-down home, and often shoplifts from convenience stores to get by.
Saudi Readymix Concrete Company
Saudi Readymix Concrete Company Ltd. is a producer and supplier of ready-mix concrete and related products in Saudi Arabia. The company is based in Khobar, Saudi Arabia, operates 20 commercial and 10 on-site factories, and is involved in many projects all over the kingdom.

As of 2008, Saudi Readymix grew to a work force of over 2,500 employees (2,900+ as of June 18, 2011), reached production of over 5,000,000 m3 of concrete a year, and amassed a fleet of more than 400 mixer trucks, some of which are GPS equipped, 150 mobile and stationary pumps, and 3 aggregate quarries.

Jubail
Jubail (Arabic: الجبيل, Al Jubayl) is an industrial city in the Eastern province on the  Arabian Gulf of Saudi Arabia, with a total population of 474,679 as of 2022. It is home to the Middle East's largest and world's fourth largest petrochemical company SABIC. It has the world's largest IWPP (Independent Water and Power Project) producing 2,743.6 MW of electricity and 800,000 m3 of water daily.

Jubail comprises the Old Town of Al Jubail (Jubail Balad), which was a small fishing village until 1975, and the Industrial Area. Jubail Industrial City is the largest civil engineering project in the world today. In 1975, the Saudi government designated Jubail as the site for a new industrial city, with rapid expansion and industrialization arising. The new industrial and residential areas were named Madīnat al Jubayl aṣ Ṣinā`īyah (Jubail Industrial City). The 2005 Census Report for Jubail Industrial City estimates the population at 224,430 residents.
Mud Lake (Brougham Township)
Mud Lake (French: lac Mud) is a lake in Greater Madawaska, Renfrew County in Eastern Ontario, Canada. It is in geographic Brougham Township, is part of the Saint Lawrence River drainage basin, and is the source of Little Black Donald Creek.

The lake has two unnamed inflows: one at the north, and a second at the east. The primary outflow is Little Black Donald Creek at the south, which flows via Black Donald Lake, the Madawaska River, and the Ottawa River to the Saint Lawrence River.

Greater Madawaska
Greater Madawaska is an incorporated township in Renfrew County in eastern Ontario, Canada, created on January 1, 2001, through the amalgamation of the Township of Bagot and Blythfield, the Township of Brougham, and the Township of Griffith and Matawatchan. As of 2021, it has a population of 2,864.
Carl Schultén
Carl Schultén (1677 in Västmanland – 1730 in Lund) was a Swedish orientalist who was a professor and later the rector of the Academia Gustavo-Carolina (modern-day University of Tartu) in 1709, and the rector for Lund University in 1721. He previously was the first ever professor of eastern languages at the university and later became the third ever professor of theology there. He was the son of Pastor Samuel Schultenius and Margareta Schultin, and his aunt was Haqvin Spegel's wife. His brother, Samuel Schulteen, was a professor in Turku. One of his daughters was married to Carl Tiliander.

Västmanland
Västmanland (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈvɛ̂sːtmanˌland] or [ˈvɛ̌sːt-] ⓘ) is a historical Swedish province, or landskap, in middle Sweden. It borders Södermanland, Närke, Värmland, Dalarna and Uppland.

Västmanland means "West Man Land" or, less literally, "The Land of the Western Men", where the "western men" (västermännen) were the people living west of Uppland, the core province of early Sweden.
Zeena
Zeena is a given name. Notable people with the name include:

Zeena Parkins (born 1956), American harpist

Zeena Schreck (born 1963), American artist and spiritual leader

Zeena Zaki (born 1974), Iraqi haute couture fashion designer

Zeena Khalaf (born 1977), Palestinian Pharmacist

Fictional characters:

Zeena (nickname for Zenobia), a character in the 1911 novel Ethan Frome

Zeena, one of the members of the Deadly Six in the video game Sonic Lost World

Ethan Frome
Ethan Frome is a 1911 novella by American author Edith Wharton. It details the story of a man who falls in love with his wife's cousin and the tragedies that result from the ensuing love triangle. The novel has been adapted into a film of the same name.
Duke Forest
Duke Forest is a forest managed by Duke University for research, teaching, and recreation.  It is located in the edge of the Piedmont (United States) in Durham County, Orange County, and Alamance County in North Carolina.  Four of its six divisions lie within the triangle formed by Durham, Chapel Hill, and Hillsborough.

Orange County, North Carolina
Orange County is a county located in the Piedmont region of the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 148,696. Its county seat is Hillsborough. Orange County is included in the Durham–Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Raleigh–Durham–Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.
Hell in the Heavens
Hell in the Heavens is a 1934 American aviation drama film directed by John G. Blystone and written by Byron Morgan, Ted Parsons and Jack Yellen based on the stage play Der Flieger by Hermann Roßmann. The film stars Warner Baxter, Conchita Montenegro, Russell Hardie, Herbert Mundin, Andy Devine and William Stelling. It was released on November 9, 1934 by Fox Film Corporation.

Lafayette Escadrille
The La Fayette Escadrille (French: Escadrille de La Fayette) was  the name of the French Air Force unit escadrille N 124 during the First World War (1914–1918). This escadrille of the Aéronautique Militaire was composed largely of American volunteer pilots flying fighters. It was named in honor of the Marquis de Lafayette, French hero of the American Revolutionary War. In September 1917, the escadrille was transferred to the United States Army under the designation 103rd Aero Squadron. In 1921, the French Air Force recreated a N124 unit who claimed lineage from the war-time La Fayette escadrille and is now part of the escadron 2/4 La Fayette.
George Parker, 4th Earl of Macclesfield
George Parker, 4th Earl of Macclesfield PC (24 February 1755 – 20 March 1842), styled Viscount Parker between 1764 and 1795, was a British peer and politician who sat in the House of Commons between  1777 and 1795.

House of Commons
The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. In both of these countries, the Commons holds much more legislative power than the upper house of parliament, which is nominally superior. The leader of the majority party in the House of Commons by convention becomes the prime minister. Other parliaments have also had a lower house called the "House of Commons".
Earl Marriott Secondary School
Earl Marriott Secondary (EMS) is a public high school in the Vancouver suburb of Surrey, British Columbia, Canada and is part of School District 36 Surrey.  It is referred to as the 'Home of the Mariners'. It is located on the edge of city limits, on 16th Avenue (which straddles the border between Surrey and White Rock).

White Rock, British Columbia
White Rock is a city in the Metro Vancouver Regional District, British Columbia, Canada. It is bordered by Semiahmoo Bay to the south and is surrounded on three sides by Surrey. To the southeast across a footbridge lies the Semiahmoo First Nation, which is within the borders of Surrey. Semiahmoo Bay and the Southern Gulf Islands in the Strait of Georgia are also to the south.

White Rock is named for a large white boulder on its beach near the promenade, a glacial erratic that migrated south during the last glaciation. The 486-ton granite boulder was kept white by shellfish-eating seabirds whose guano covered the rock so much that 19th-century sailors used it as a beacon. It is now kept white through monthly applications of white paint by the city parks department and has been a graffiti target. The White Rock Pier is located nearby.
Jarlshola
Jarlshola (English: The Cave of the Jarl) is a small cave in Melhus Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The cave is near the small Rimul farm, just outside the village of Melhus. It is thought to be the hiding place of Håkon Sigurdsson (also known as Hákon Sigurðsson, Hákon Earl) and Tormod Kark (or Þormóðr Karkr, the slave of the Jarl) on their last night before the infamous murder at Rimul.

Jarl
Jarl (/jɑːl/) was a rank of the nobility in Scandinavia during the Viking Age and Early Middle Ages. The institution evolved over time and varied by region. In Old Norse, it meant "chieftain", specifically one appointed to rule a territory in a king's stead. It could also denote a sovereign prince. For example: During the Viking age the rulers of several of the petty kingdoms of Norway held the title of jarl, often wielding no less power than their neighboring kings. In later medieval Sweden and Norway there was typically only one jarl in the kingdom, second in authority only to the king. The title became obsolete in the Middle Ages and was replaced by the rank of duke (hertig/hertug/hertog). The word is etymologically related to the English earl.
Marc Ewing
Marc Ewing is an American computer engineer and entrepreneur. He is the creator and originator of the Red Hat brand of software, most notably the Red Hat range of Linux operating system distributions. He was involved in the 86open project in the mid-1990s.

Executable and Linkable Format
In computing, the Executable and Linkable Format (ELF, formerly named Extensible Linking Format) is a common standard file format for executable files, object code, shared libraries, device drivers, and core dumps. First published in the specification for the application binary interface (ABI) of the Unix operating system version named System V Release 4 (SVR4), and later in the Tool Interface Standard, it was quickly accepted among different vendors of Unix systems. In 1999, it was chosen as the standard binary file format for Unix and Unix-like systems on x86 processors by the 86open project.

By design, the ELF format is flexible, extensible, and cross-platform. For instance, it supports different endiannesses and address sizes so it does not exclude any particular CPU or instruction set architecture. This has allowed it to be adopted by many different operating systems on many different hardware platforms.
Romanos, Messenia
Romanos or Romanou for locals (Greek: Ρωμανός) is a village and a community in the municipality Pylos-Nestoras, Messenia, Greece. It is 9 km (6 mi) north of Pylos. It is part of the Nestoras municipal unit. The community consists of the villages Romanos and Petrochori. Petrochori is famous because of the Voidokilia beach. Also, near the village there is Nestor's cave.

Nestor (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Nestor of Gerenia (Ancient Greek: Νέστωρ Γερήνιος, Nestōr Gerēnios) was a legendary king of Pylos. He is a prominent secondary character in Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, where he appears as an elderly warrior who frequently offers advice to the other characters.

The Mycenaean-era palace at Pylos is known as the Palace of Nestor, though there is no evidence that he was an actual person.
Acrolepididae
Acrolepididae is an extinct family of ray-finned fish. Genera referred to Acrolepididae existed from the Early Carboniferous period to the Early Triassic epoch. They were nektonic carnivores with a fusiform body.

Acrolepididae may be closely related with the Early Mesozoic Ptycholepididae.

Fusiform
Fusiform (from Latin fusus ‘spindle’) means having a spindle-like shape that is wide in the middle and tapers at both ends. It is similar to the lemon-shape, but often implies a focal broadening of a structure that continues from one or both ends, such as an aneurysm on a blood vessel.
USS Ashland (LSD-48)
USS Ashland (LSD-48) is a Whidbey Island-class dock landing ship of the United States Navy. She was the second

Navy ship to be named for Ashland, the home of Henry Clay, in Lexington, Kentucky.

Ashland was laid down on 4 April 1988,

by the Avondale Shipyards, New Orleans, Louisiana; launched and christened on 11 November 1989, sponsored by Mrs. Kathleen Foley, wife of Admiral Sylvester R. Foley, Jr. (Ret.); and commissioned on 9 May 1992, at New Orleans.  As of April 2023, Ashland is homeported at Naval Base San Diego, and assigned to Expeditionary Strike Group 3.

Naval History and Heritage Command
The Naval History and Heritage Command, formerly the Naval Historical Center, is an Echelon II command responsible for the preservation, analysis, and dissemination of U.S. naval history and heritage located at the historic Washington Navy Yard.  The NHHC is composed of 42 facilities in 13 geographic locations including the Navy Department Library, 10 museums and 1 heritage center, USS Constitution repair facility and detachment, and historic ship ex-USS Nautilus.
2017 Abierto Tampico
The 2017 Abierto Tampico was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the fifth edition of the tournament and was part of the 2017 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Tampico, Mexico, on 18–24 September 2017.

Tampico
Tampico is a city and port in the southeastern part of the Mexican state of Tamaulipas. It is located on the north bank of the Pánuco River, about 10 kilometers (6 mi) inland from the Gulf of Mexico, and directly north of the state of Veracruz. Tampico is the fifth-largest city in Tamaulipas, with a population of 314,418 in the city proper and 929,174 in the metropolitan area.

During the period of Mexico's first oil boom in the early 20th century, the city was the "chief oil-exporting port of the Americas" and the second-busiest in the world, yielding great profits that were invested in the city's famous architecture, often compared to that of Venice and New Orleans. The first oil well in Mexico was drilled near Tampico in 1901 at Ébano.

The city is also a major exporter of silver, copper, and lumber, as well as wool, hemp, and other agricultural products. Containerized cargo is mainly handled by the neighboring ocean port of Altamira.
John Crofts
John Crofts was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons  in 1653 and in 1656. He fought in the Parliamentary army in the English Civil War.

Crofts was of Nether Swell, near Stow-on-the-Wold, Gloucestershire. His origins are obscure, but he may have been the brother of James Crofts, Sheriff of Bristol. He was an active captain in the Parliamentary army during the Civil War.

In 1653, Crofts was elected Member of Parliament for Gloucestershire in the Barebones Parliament. He was re-elected MP for Gloucestershire in 1656 for the Second Protectorate Parliament. He was captain of the militia in Gloucestershire in 1659. In 1662 he was removed from the Common Council of Tewkesbury.

Crofts married Anne Waterworth, a widow and daughter of Sir William Leigh of Longborow.

Gloucestershire (UK Parliament constituency)
The constituency of Gloucestershire was a UK Parliamentary constituency. After it was abolished under the 1832 Electoral Reform Act, two new constituencies, West Gloucestershire and East Gloucestershire, were created.

Gloucestershire was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England, then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. It was represented by two Knights of the Shire.
Craig Sweeney
Craig John Sweeney (born 1981 in South Glamorgan) is a Welsh child sex offender, from Newport, Gwent.

Public criticism of Sweeney's sentence voiced by Home Secretary John Reid prompted the House of Commons Constitutional Affairs Committee to recommend that the Ministerial Code be amended with guidelines to govern the public comments of ministers about individual judges to reinforce the provisions within the Constitutional Reform Act 2005.

The Committee wrote: "The Sweeney case was the first big test of whether the new relationship between the Lord Chancellor [i.e. Lord Falconer] and the judiciary was working properly, and it is clear that there was a systemic failure."

In 2008, Lord Phillips, the Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales, announced that in response to "widespread inaccurate media coverage" of Sweeney's sentencing, five judges were being trained to be the first official media spokesmen for the judiciary.

Constitutional Reform Act 2005
The Constitutional Reform Act 2005 (c. 4) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, relevant to UK constitutional law. It provides for a Supreme Court of the United Kingdom to take over the previous appellate jurisdiction of the Law Lords as well as some powers of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, and removed the functions of Speaker of the House of Lords and Head of the Judiciary of England and Wales from the office of Lord Chancellor.
John Simpson (police official)
John Richard Simpson (February 13, 1932 – February 10, 2017) was the first U.S. Interpol President (1984–1988) and was the sixteenth Director of the United States Secret Service (1981–1992).

Born in 1932, Simpson served in the United States Army, graduated from Loyola College in Montreal before attending Portia Law School.

Simpson joined the Secret Service in 1962 during his time at Portia Law (graduating in 1964 and was elected as his Law School President) and became Special Agent with the Presidential Protective Division in 1978.

After retiring as Director in 1992, Simpson became a commissioner in the United States Parole Commission for 2 terms.

Loyola College (Montreal)
Loyola College was a Jesuit college in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It was founded in 1896 and ceased to exist as an independent institution in 1974 when it was incorporated into Concordia University. A portion of the original college remains as a separate entity called Loyola High School.
Sobira Kholdorova
Sobira Kholdorova (Uzbek Latin: Sobira Xoldorova, Uzbek Cyrillic: Собира Холдорова, Russian: Собира Холдарова; 1907, Chust, Uzbekistan – 1 August 1981) was the first female Uzbek journalist who became a victim of repression.

Repression in the Soviet Union
Repression in the Soviet Union was an ongoing characteristic of the state throughout the history of the Soviet Union, characterized by restricting the freedoms of the common man for the benefit of the communist state, albeit through a variety of means. Millions of the proletariat class experienced some form of repression from the state, stemming back to the October Revolution and the nature of totalitarianism. Repression culminated during the Stalin era, and marginally receded in the period after amidst De-Stalinization, but continued throughout the Soviet Union's existence up until late in the rule of Mikhail Gorbachev, the last leader of the Soviet Union.
Jerry Schweickert
Gerald J. Schweickert is an American former athlete, coach, and administrator at John Carroll University. He played for and later coached the John Carroll Blue Streaks football, founded and coached the John Carroll baseball team, and was the school's athletic director.

John Carroll Blue Streaks football
The John Carroll Blue Streaks football program is the intercollegiate American football team for John Carroll University located in the U.S. state of Ohio. They compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division III level and are members of the North Coast Athletic Conference (NCAC). The team was established in 1920 and plays its home games at the 5,416 seat Don Shula Stadium. As of the 2016 season, John Carroll has won 11 conference titles, 7 in the Presidents' Athletic Conference and 4 in the Ohio Athletic Conference. Drew Nystrom serves as the interim head football coach. During the 2022 season, John Carroll celebrated its 100th season of football.