hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Human Life Review
The Human Life Review is a quarterly journal published by the Human Life Foundation since 1975.  It is devoted to explorations of life issues, primarily abortion, as well as neonaticide, medical genetics, prenatal testing, human cloning, fetal tissue experimentation, euthanasia and assisted suicide, and also publishes articles dealing with more general questions of family and society. It was founded by James Patrick McFadden, formerly associate publisher of National Review, who had also founded the Human Life Foundation, and is now edited by his daughter, Maria McFadden.  It was launched from the offices of National Review, with the support of William F. Buckley.

Writers whose work has been featured in The Human Life Review include Nat Hentoff, Hadley Arkes, William McGurn, Thomas Sowell, Wesley Smith, David Quinn, Kathryn Jean Lopez and President Ronald Reagan.

Human cloning
Human cloning is the creation of a genetically identical copy of a human. The term is generally used to refer to artificial human cloning, which is the reproduction of human cells and tissue. It does not refer to the natural conception and delivery of identical twins. The possibilities of human cloning have raised controversies. These ethical concerns have prompted several nations to pass laws regarding human cloning.

Two commonly discussed types of human cloning are therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning.

Therapeutic cloning would involve cloning cells from a human for use in medicine and transplants. It is an active area of research, and is in medical practice over the world. Two common methods of therapeutic cloning that are being researched are somatic-cell nuclear transfer and (more recently) pluripotent stem cell induction.

Reproductive cloning would involve making an entire cloned human, instead of just specific cells or tissues.
Gordon Tomb
The Gordon Tomb is a classical colonnaded mausoleum in the parish of Bellie in Moray, Scotland. It houses the sarcophagi of the second wife of the 4th Duke of Gordon, Jean Christie (who died in 1824), and her son Adam (died 1834). It is designated as a Category A listed building. The tomb lies within the graveyard of Bellie Old Church, close to the remains of the church.

Alexander Gordon, 4th Duke of Gordon
Alexander Gordon, 4th Duke of Gordon, KT (18 June 1743 – 17 June 1827), styled Marquess of Huntly until 1752, was a British Army officer who was described by Lord Kames as the "greatest subject in Britain". He was also known as the "Cock o' the North", the traditional epithet of the chief of Clan Gordon.
Marcantonio Giustinian
Marcantonio Giustinian (2 March 1619 – 23 March 1688) was the 107th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on 26 January 1684 until his death.  Giustiniani was the quintessential Doge of the Republic of Venice, taking little interest in affairs of state.  He had a little role in the conduct of the Morean War (1684-1699), which was raging during his time as Doge, though a number of military victories were secured by provveditore Francesco Morosini, who would later be Giustinian's successor as Doge.

Provveditore
The Italian title prov[v]editore (plural provveditori; also known in Greek: προνοητής, προβλεπτής; Serbo-Croatian: providur), "he who sees to things" (overseer), was the style of various (but not all) local district governors in the extensive, mainly maritime empire of the Republic of Venice. Like many political appointments, it was often held by noblemen as a stage in their career, usually for a few years.
By the Light of the Study Lamp
By the Light of the Study Lamp is the first book in The Dana Girls detective series, originally produced by the Stratemeyer Syndicate.  It was issued in 1934, as part of a three-volume release in order to test the market for the series.

Stratemeyer Syndicate
The Stratemeyer Syndicate was an American book packaging company that produced a number of book series for children, including Nancy Drew, The Hardy Boys, the various Tom Swift series, the Bobbsey Twins, the Rover Boys, and others. It contracted the many pseudonymous authors who wrote the series from 1899 to 1987, and arranged the publishing by firms such as Grosset & Dunlap. In 1987 it was sold to Simon & Schuster.
Rosporden station
Rosporden is a railway station in Rosporden, Brittany, France. The station was opened on 7 September 1863, and is located on the Savenay–Landerneau railway. Today, the station is served by TGV (high speed) and TER (local) services operated by the SNCF.

Savenay–Landerneau railway
The railway from Savenay to Landerneau is an important French 245-kilometre long railway line. It is used for passenger (express, regional and suburban) and freight traffic. The railway was opened in several stages between 1862 and 1867.
Aleksander Pärn
Aleksander Pärn (1891–?) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of the I Riigikogu, representing the Estonian Independent Socialist Workers' Party, and of the III Riigikogu, representing the Estonian Socialist Workers' Party. He became a member of the Riigikogu on 3 January 1923 when he replaced Karl Stallmeister.

3rd Riigikogu
The 3rd Riigikogu was the third legislature of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu). The legislature was elected after 1926 elections (held on 15–17 May 1926). It sat between 15 June 1926 and 14 June 1929, before the next round of elections were held.
Nieuwoudt
Nieuwoudt (Afrikaans: [niˈvœut] ⓘ, Dutch: [ˈniu.ʌut]) is an Afrikaans and Dutch surname of topographic origin. It is an altered version of the original Dutch Nieuhout with the meaning 'new woods' (from nieuw 'new' and hout 'woods').
Notable people with this name include:

Gideon Nieuwoudt (1951–2005), South African former security policeman

Karl Nieuwoudt (born 1988), South African cricketer

Nicolaas Nieuwoudt (1929–1989), South African military commander

Stephanus Francois Nieuwoudt (born 1996), South African rugby union player

Janneman Nieuwoudt Malan  (born 1996), South African cricketer.

Nicolaas Nieuwoudt
Lieutenant-General Nicolaas Nieuwoudt MBChB SSA SD SM (1929–1989) was a South African military commander.  A medical doctor, he joined the South African Air Force's medical branch in 1960, after five years private practise.  He commanded the South African Medical Service, as Surgeon-General, from 1977 to 1988.  He also commanded the secretive South African chemical and biological weapons program, known as Project Coast from 1981 to 1988.
Ohio State Route 650
State Route 650 (SR 650) is a north–south state highway in the southern portion of Ohio.  Its southern terminus is at U.S. Route 52 in Hanging Rock.  From this point, the route heads northward to the community of Pine Grove in Wayne National Forest.  Its northern terminus is at State Route 522 approximately 9 miles (14 km) southeast of Wheelersburg.

Wayne National Forest
The Wayne National Forest is located in the Appalachian part of the US state of Ohio, in the Unglaciated Allegheny Plateau. It is the first and only national forest in Ohio. Forest headquarters are located between The Plains and Nelsonville, Ohio, on US Route 33 overlooking the Hocking River.

The North Country Trail passes through several areas of Wayne, in which it is coincident with the Buckeye Trail and the American Discovery Trail. The area of Ohio included within the national forest is based on late Paleozoic geology, heavy in sandstones and shales, including redbeds, with many coal beds. The topography is typically very rugged, with elevation changes typically in the 200–400-foot range.
Ceycén Island
Ceycén Island (Isla Ceycén, sometimes spelled as Ceicén) is a coral island located in the Archipelago of San Bernardo, Gulf of Morrosquillo, Caribbean Sea. It is governed by Colombia, and is a part of the Colombian Bolívar Department.

Ceycén Island has a lighthouse that is 24 m (79 ft) in height.

Bolívar Department
Bolívar (Spanish pronunciation: [boˈliβaɾ]) is a department of Colombia. It was named after one of the original nine states of the United States of Colombia. It is located to the north of the country, extending roughly north–south from the Caribbean coast at Cartagena near the mouth of the Magdalena River, then south along the river to a border with Antioquia Department. The departments of Sucre and Córdoba are located to the west, and Atlántico Department to the north and east (most of the border formed by the Canal del Dique). Across the Magdalena River to the east is Magdalena Department. The flag of the department bears a resemblance to the flag of Lithuania.

Its capital is Cartagena de Indias. Other important cities include Magangué, El Carmen de Bolívar and Turbaco.
Minas Gekos
Minas Gekos (alternate spelling: Gkegos) (Greek: Μηνάς Γκέκος; born November 7, 1959, in Kurtuluş, Istanbul, Turkey) is a Greek professional basketball coach and a retired professional basketball player. At 6' 13⁄4" (1.87 m) in height, he played at the point guard and shooting guard positions.

Greek Basketball Cup
The Greek Basketball Cup or Hellenic Basketball Cup (also stylized as Basket Cup; Greek: Κύπελλο Ελλάδος καλαθοσφαίρισης ανδρών) is the top-tier level annual professional basketball national cup competition in Greece. It is organized by the Hellenic Basketball Federation (E.O.K.).
Alan Neale
Sir Alan Derrett Neale, KCB, MBE (24 October 1918 – 21 March 1995) was an English civil servant.

Educated at Highgate School and St John's College, Oxford, he was an officer in the Intelligence Corps in the Second World War. He entered the civil service in 1946 and served in the Board of Trade until 1968, when he moved to HM Treasury; there, he was Second Permanent Secretary from 1971 to 1973, with responsibility for overseas finance and monetary policy. He was then Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food from 1973 to 1978, during which time the UK entered the European Community and adopted the Common Agricultural Policy. He was then a member of the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, serving as deputy chairman from 1982 to 1986. He was then deputy chairman of the Association of Futures Brokers and Dealers (1987–91) and was also chair of the Reform Club. He authored several books, including The Anti-Trust Laws of the USA (1960).

Reform Club
The Reform Club is a private members' club, owned and controlled by its members, on the south side of Pall Mall in central London, England. As with all of London's original gentlemen's clubs, it had an all-male membership for decades, but it was one of the first all-male clubs to change its rules to include the admission of women on equal terms in 1981. Since its foundation in 1836, the Reform Club has been the traditional home for those committed to progressive political ideas, with its membership initially consisting of Radicals and Whigs. However, it is no longer associated with any particular political party, and it now serves a purely social function.

The Reform Club currently enjoys extensive reciprocity with similar clubs around the world. It attracts a significant number of foreign members, such as diplomats accredited to the Court of St James's. Of the current membership of around 2,700, some 500 are "overseas members", and over 400 are women.
Dane Road tram stop
Dane Road is a tram stop on the Altrincham Line of Greater Manchester's Metrolink light rail system. It is located on Dane Road in northern Sale, Greater Manchester, England. It opened on 15 June 1992 as part of Phase 1 of Metrolink's expansion.

Tram stop
A tram stop, tram station, streetcar stop, or light rail station is a place designated for a tram, streetcar, or light rail vehicle to stop so passengers can board or alight it. Generally, tram stops share most characteristics of bus stops, but because trams operate on rails, they often include railway platforms, especially if stepless entries are provided for accessibility. However, trams may also be used with bus stop type flags and with mid-street pavements as platforms, in street running mode.
ADRaudio
ADRaudio is a manufacturer of high-end concert loudspeaker systems based in Novo Mesto, Slovenia. They offer a wide range of self-powered products with internal all-analog processing, as well as rackmount signal processors for system integration.

Novo Mesto
Novo Mesto (pronounced [ˈnɔ̀ːʋɔ ˈmèːstɔ] ⓘ; Slovene: Novo mesto; also known by alternative names) is the seventh-largest city of Slovenia. It is the economic and cultural centre of the traditional region of Lower Carniola (southeastern Slovenia) and the seat of the City Municipality of Novo Mesto. It lies on a bend of the Krka River, close to the border with Croatia.
Vargas Plateau Regional Park
Vargas Plateau Regional Park sits on a plateau in the Fremont Hills of Alameda County, California, United States, that overlooks the San Francisco Bay, Niles Canyon, and the cities of Fremont, Union City, and Newark. The elevation of the park is about 1,000 feet (300 m), making it an important link with nearby ridge-top parks such as Garin Regional Park, Pleasanton Ridge Regional Park, Mission Peak Regional Preserve, and Sunol Regional Wilderness.

Niles Canyon
Niles Canyon is a canyon in the San Francisco Bay Area formed by Alameda Creek, known for its heritage railroad and silent movie history.  The canyon is largely in an unincorporated area of Alameda County, while the western portion of the canyon lies within the city limits of Fremont and Union City.  The stretch of State Route 84 known as Niles Canyon Road traverses the length of the canyon from the Niles district of Fremont to the unincorporated town of Sunol.

Two railroads also follow the same route down the canyon from Sunol to Niles:  the old Southern Pacific track along the north side, now the Niles Canyon Railway, and the newer Union Pacific (formerly the Western Pacific) track a little to the south.  At the west end of the canyon are the ruins of the Vallejo Flour Mill, which dates to 1853.
Jackson-Wilson High School
Jackson-Wilson High School (JWHS) is the former name of Jackson Hole High School. The school was located near 222 South Glenwood Street, in Jackson, Wyoming.  The school was named for the two most populated towns in Teton County, Wyoming: Wilson and Jackson.  JWHS was then as it is today, Teton County's only public high school. (Alternative high school is available for at risk students. Students in Alta, Wyoming go to the Driggs, Idaho schools due to logistics).

Driggs, Idaho
Driggs is a city in the western United States in eastern Idaho and the county seat of Teton County. Part of the Jackson, WY-ID Micropolitan Statistical Area, it is located in Teton Valley, the headwaters of the Teton River. As of the 2020 census, Driggs had a population of 1,984.

Located within city limits is the Driggs-Reed Memorial Airport, a class II airport that can accommodate private aircraft on its 7,300-foot (2,225 m) runway.
William Caldwell (Wisconsin politician)
William Caldwell (fl. 1846–1848) was an American shopkeeper from Barton, Wisconsin, who served a single one-year term as a Whig member of the Wisconsin State Assembly in the 1st Wisconsin Legislature. He was the only Whig among the five Assemblymen from Washington County.

Shopkeeper
A shopkeeper is a retail merchant or tradesman; one who owns or operates a small store or shop. Generally, shop employees are not shopkeepers, but are often incorrectly referred to as such. At larger companies, a shopkeeper is usually referred to as a manager, since the owner is not able to manage the business being a single shopkeeper, so this term could apply to larger firms (in particular, multiple shops) generally and be a separate duty.
Víctor Hugo Morales Zapata
Víctor Hugo Morales Zapata is a Costa Rican politician. He was a member of the Citizens' Action Party (PAC for its Spanish initials) and the third deputy for San José for the 2014 to 2018 assembly. He resigned the party in 2017.

Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica
The Legislative Assembly (Spanish: Asamblea Legislativa) forms the unicameral legislative branch of the Costa Rican government. The national congress building is located in the capital city, San José, specifically in the Carmen district.

The Legislative Assembly is composed of 57 deputies (Spanish: diputados), who are elected by direct, universal, popular vote on a closed party list, proportional representation basis, by province, for four-year terms. A 1949 constitutional amendment prevents deputies from serving for two successive terms, though a deputy may run for an Assembly seat again after sitting out a term. As of March 2019, a proposal to switch to mixed-member proportional representation based on the German system is under discussion.
Nikiforos Fokas
Nikiforos Fokas (Greek: Νικηφόρος Φωκάς) is a former municipality in the Rethymno regional unit, Crete, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Rethymno, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 95.64 km2 (36.93 sq mi). It was named after the 10th century Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros II Phokas, who retook the island from the Muslims. Population 9,388 (2021). The seat of the municipality was in Gonia. The ancient city of Eleutherna is located within the municipal unit.

Rethymno (regional unit)
Rethymno (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Ρεθύμνου) is one of the four regional units of Crete, Greece. Its capital is the city of Rethymno. Today, its main income is tourism. The countryside is also based economically on agriculture and herding. The tallest mountains in the regional unit include Mt Psiloritis (Mt Ida) reaching 2,456 metres and Mt Kedros reaching 1,777 metres.
Tobi 5
Tobi 4 – Coptic calendar – Tobi 6

The fifth day of the Coptic month of Tobi, the fifth month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to December 31, of the Julian calendar, and January 13, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence.

Season of the Emergence
The Season of the Emergence (Ancient Egyptian: Prt) was the second season of the lunar and civil Egyptian calendars. It fell after the Season of the Inundation (Ꜣḫt) and before the Season of the Harvest (Šmw). In the Coptic and Egyptian calendars this season begins at the start of the month of Tobi (about 9 January), continues through the months of Meshir and Paremhat, before concluding at the end of Parmouti (about 8 May).: 453
Ungual tuft
In mammals, ungual tufts are tufts of hairs at the base of claws of the forefeet and hindfeet. Their presence has been used as a character in cladistic studies of the Cricetidae, a large family of rodents.

Hair
Hair is a protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis. Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals.
The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and fine vellus hair. Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types, and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial primarily composed of protein, notably alpha-keratin.

Attitudes towards different forms of hair, such as hairstyles and hair removal, vary widely across different cultures and historical periods, but it is often used to indicate a person's personal beliefs or social position, such as their age, gender, or religion.
Fukumura
Fukumura (written: 福村 or 譜久村) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hiroshi Fukumura (福村 博, born 1949), Japanese jazz trombonist

Mizuki Fukumura (譜久村 聖, born 1996), Japanese singer and actress

Takayuki Fukumura (福村　貴幸, born 1991), Japanese footballer

Yoshikazu Fukumura (福村 芳一, born 1946), Japanese conductor

Mizuki Fukumura
Mizuki Fukumura (譜久村 聖, Fukumura Mizuki; born October 30, 1996 in Tokyo) is a Japanese singer and actress. She is a former ninth-generation member, leader of the pop group Morning Musume as well as the seventh leader of Hello Project. Prior to becoming part of Morning Musume, Fukumura was known as a member of the second generation Shugo Chara! Egg!, and for her role of Amulet Heart in the live action segment of Shugo Chara! Party!.
Norton Mezvinsky
Norton H. Mezvinsky (November 29, 1932 – September 16, 2022) was an American historian, professor, and author. He was a Distinguished University Professor, Emeritus, Central Connecticut State University, and was the president of the International Council for Middle East Studies, an academic think tank in Washington, D C He wrote numerous books, articles, and book reviews that addressed the Arab-Israeli conflict and Zionism.

Central Connecticut State University
Central Connecticut State University (Central Connecticut, CCSU, Central Connecticut State, or informally Central) is a public university in New Britain, Connecticut. Founded in 1849 as the State Normal School, CCSU is Connecticut's oldest publicly-funded university. It is made up of four schools: the Ammon College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences; the School of Business; the School of Education and Professional Studies; and the School of Engineering, Science, and Technology. As of Spring 2022, the university was attended by 8,898 students: 7,054 undergraduate students and 1,844 graduate students. More than half of students live off campus and 96 percent are Connecticut residents. The school is part of the Connecticut State Colleges & Universities system (CSCU), which also oversees Eastern, Western, and Southern Connecticut State Universities.
Niharika Bhasin
Niharika Bhasin (formerly Khan) (born 21 November 1969) is an Indian costume designer who works in Hindi cinema (Bollywood), and is most known for her work in Rock On!! (2008) and  The Dirty Picture (2011), for which she won the National Film Award for Best Costume Design as well as Filmfare Award for Best Costume Design.

National Film Award for Best Costume Design
The National Film Award for Best Costume Design is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the National Film Development Corporation of India. It is one of several awards presented for feature films and awarded with Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus).

The award was instituted in 1984, at 32nd National Film Awards and awarded annually for films produced in the year across the country, in all Indian languages.
Dahej Daasi
Dahej Daasi (transl. Dowry Maid) is an Indian Hindi social drama television series produced by Mustang Films, which premiered on 12 February 2024 on Nazara. It formerly starred Sayantani Ghosh as Vindhya Devi, Jhanvi Soni as Chunri and Rajat Verma as Jay as the first generation leads. From February 2025, it starred Jhanvi Soni as Jhumki and Raghav Thakur as Arjun as the second generation leads.

Nazara TV
Nazara TV is an Indian Hindi-language general entertainment television channel owned by IN10 Media Network. The network's programming includes family dramas, romantic serials, thrillers and crime serials.
Ukena District, Iyo
Ukena District (浮穴郡, Ukena-gun) was a district located in central Iyo Province(Ehime Prefecture). Due to the 1878 Land Reforms, the district was separated into 2 districts written below.

Kamiukena District - Active (formerly included the parts of the current cities of Seiyo, Ōzu, and parts of the town of Uchiko in Kita District)

Shimoukena District - In 1896 the district was absorbed by both Iyo and Onsen District and thereby dissolved (formerly covered the cities of Matsuyama, Tōon, Iyo, the town of Tobe in Iyo District, and the town of Uchiko in Kita District)

Tobe, Ehime
Tobe (砥部町, Tobe-chō) is a town located in Iyo District, Ehime Prefecture, Japan.  As of 28 February 2022, the town had an estimated population of 20,485 in 9385 households and a population density of 200 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 101.59 square kilometres (39.22 sq mi).