hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sousa Archives and Center for American Music
The Sousa Archives and Center for American Music (SACAM) documents American music through historical artifacts and archival records in multiple formats. The center is part of the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign's library system and the University of Illinois School of Music.

Among the center's important collections are archives of John Philip Sousa, Albert Austin Harding (Illinois' first band-master), Herbert L. Clarke and the University of Illinois Bands. The center is devoted to collection and preservation, public access, exhibitions, publications, and scholarship.

The center is located in the Harding Band Building on the campus of the University of Illinois. It operates as a museum, with annual rotating exhibits on themes such as Baseball and Music, Women and Music, Technology and Music, and events during the annual November Music Month in Champaign-Urbana. All collections are accessible to the public and are regularly used in exhibit displays and public programming.

Preservation (library and archive)
In conservation, library and archival science, preservation is a set of preventive conservation activities aimed at prolonging the life of a record, book, or object while making as few changes as possible. Preservation activities vary widely and may include monitoring the condition of items, maintaining the temperature and humidity in collection storage areas, writing a plan in case of emergencies, digitizing items, writing relevant metadata, and increasing accessibility. Preservation, in this definition, is practiced in a library or an archive by a conservator, librarian, archivist, or other professional when they perceive a collection or record is in need of maintenance.

Preservation should be distinguished from interventive conservation and restoration, which refers to the treatment and repair of individual items to slow the process of decay, or restore them to a usable state. "Preventive conservation" is used interchangeably with "preservation".
Cristofari
Cristofari is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Fabio Cristofari (died 1689), Italian Baroque painter

Giovanni Cristofari (born 1993), Italian footballer

Jacques Cristofari (born 1978), French footballer

Pietro Paolo Cristofari (1685–1743), Italian artist

Jacques Cristofari
Jacques Cristofari (born 8 August 1978) is a French former professional footballer who played as a defender.

He played one match in Ligue 1 for SC Bastia, coming on as a substitute in a 1–1 draw with Le Havre on 16 January 1999.
Billy MacKay (cricketer)
William Gilfellon Mackay (15 October 1891 – 8 August 1962) was an English cricketer. MacKay was a right-handed batsman. He was born at Shiremoor, Northumberland.

MacKay made his debut for Northumberland against Durham in the 1920 Minor Counties Championship at Osborne Avenue, Jesmond. He played minor counties cricket for Northumberland from 1920 to 1939, making 146 appearances for the county in the Minor Counties Championship, the last of which came against Norfolk. Playing minor counties cricket for Northumberland allowed MacKay to be selected to play for a combined Minor Counties cricket team, with him making a single first-class appearance for the team against Lancashire at Old Trafford in 1929. Only one innings was possible during the match because of rain, with Lancashire making 370/6 declared.

He died at High Heaton, Northumberland, on 8 August 1962.

Northumberland County Cricket Club
Northumberland County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England, and Wales. It represents the historic county of Northumberland.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Northumberland played List A matches occasionally from 1971 until 2005, but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is based at Osborne Avenue, Jesmond and also plays matches around the county at Benwell Park and at the South Northumberland CC ground at Gosforth.
Ilse Geisler
Ilse Geisler (later Vorsprach and since divorced, born 10 January 1941) is an East German luger who competed from the late 1950s to the mid-1960s. She won the silver medal in the women's singles event at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck.

She was born in Kunnersdorf. Geisler also won three medals in the women's singles event at the FIL World Luge Championships with two golds (1962, 1963) and one bronze (1965).

FIL World Luge Championships
The FIL World Luge Championships, part of the International Luge Federation (FIL) have taken place on an almost annual basis in non-Winter Olympics years since 1955. These championships are shown for artificial tracks. See FIL World Luge Natural Track Championships for all natural track events that have taken place since 1979.
Eleventh Van Cliburn International Piano Competition
The Eleventh Van Cliburn International Piano Competition took place in Fort Worth, Texas from May 25 to June 10, 2001.

Olga Kern and Stanislav Ioudenitch won the competition ex-aequo, while Maxim Philippov and Antonio Pompa-Baldi shared the silver medal. It was the first time the two pianists earned the top prize.

The Eleventh Van Cliburn International Piano Competition was the first time in the history of the competition that the Van Cliburn Foundation commissioned more than one original composition. At the suggestion of composer John Corigliano, a 25-member nominating committee of distinguished musicians issued invitations to 42 noted American composers to submit solo piano scores 8 to 12 minutes in length. Thirty-one scores were submitted. Original works by four American composers were chosen: C. Curtis-Smith, Lowell Liebermann, James Mobberley, and Judith Lang Zaimont.

Antonio Pompa-Baldi
Antonio Pompa-Baldi (born December 1, 1974) is an Italian-American pianist. The first prize winner in the 1999 Cleveland International Piano Competition and silver medalist of the 2001 Van Cliburn International Piano Competition, Pompa-Baldi has been noted by The New York Times for his "meltingly beautiful" playing. He was also a prizewinner of the 1998 Marguerite Long-Jacques Thibaud Competition. Pompa-Baldi performs internationally as a recitalist, chamber musician, and concerto soloist under such conductors as Hans Graf, Miguel Harth-Bedoya, Theodore Kuchar and Krzysztof Urbański. Pompa-Baldi currently serves as distinguished professor of piano and head of the piano department at the Cleveland Institute of Music.
Gačnik
Gačnik (pronounced [ˈɡaːtʃnik]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Pesnica in northeastern Slovenia. It lies in the western part of the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice) in the valley of Gačnik Creek (Slovene: Gačniški potok), a minor tributary of the Pesnica River. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

A small roadside chapel-shrine in the settlement dates to 1803.

Pesnica (river)
The Pesnica (pronounced [ˈpéːsnitsa]; German: Pößnitz) is a river in Styria, southeastern Austria and in Styria, northeastern Slovenia.

It is 69 km (43 mi) long, of which 65 km (40 mi) is in Slovenia. Its catchment area is about 550 km2 (210 sq mi), of which 539 km2 (208 sq mi) is in Slovenia. Its source is near Glanz an der Weinstraße, near the Austrian-Slovenian border. It passes Zgornja Kungota, Pesnica, Pernica, the castle at Hrastovec v Slovenskih Goricah, Lenart v Slovenskih Goricah, the monastery of Sveta Trojica v Slovenskih Goricah, Dornava, and Velika Nedelja, and then merges with the Drava near Ormož, on the border with Croatia.
1993 NCAA men's volleyball tournament
The 1993 NCAA men's volleyball tournament was the 24th annual tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA men's collegiate volleyball. The tournament was played at Pauley Pavilion in Los Angeles, California during May 1993.

UCLA defeated Cal State Northridge in the final match, 3–0 (15–8, 15–11, 15–10), to win their fourteenth national title. The Bruins (24–3) were coached by Al Scates.

UCLA's Mike Sealy and Jeff Nygaard were named the tournament's Most Outstanding Players. Sealy and Nygaard, along with five other players, comprised the All-Tournament Team.

Cal State Northridge Matadors
The Cal State Northridge Matadors (branded as the CSUN Matadors) are the athletic teams that represent California State University, Northridge in Northridge, Los Angeles, California. The Matadors field 17 teams in nineteen sports. The Matadors compete in NCAA Division I and are members of the Big West Conference.

CSUN has been a member of the Big West Conference since the summer of 2001 for most sports. The men's and women's indoor track and field teams compete in the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation instead. Men's volleyball also competed in the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation, but began to compete in the Big West beginning in 2018.
Freshwater herring
"Freshwater herring" is a term applied to a wide variety of freshwater fish which resemble herring:

Clupeoides papuensis, toothed river herring

Coregonus albula, vendace

Potamalosa richmondia, Australian freshwater herring

Salvelinus grayi, the Lough Melvin charr

Sardinella tawilis, the bombon sardine

Potamalosa
Potamalosa is a monospecific genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Clupeidae, which includes the anchovies, herrings and sprats. The only species in the genus is Potamalosa richmondia, the Australian freshwater herring. This species is endemic to eastern Australia where it lives in rivers, spawning in estuaries.
Obi Asika
Obi Asika (born October 3, 1968) is the Director-General,  National Council for Arts and Culture, NCAC. He was appointed on 12 January 2024 by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu. Before his appointment, he is known for his involvement in the growth of Nigeria's music industry, as the founder and CEO of Storm 360, an indigenous music label. Storm 360 has spawned a lot of Nigerian entertainers including Jazzman Olofin, Darey Art-Alade, Naeto C, Ikechukwu, Sasha P, General Pype, L.O.S., Ms Jaie, Tosin Martins, GT Da Guitarman, and Yung 6ix.

He is a founding partner of Dragon Africa, a strategic communications firm based in London, Lagos and Accra; and the chairman of OutSource Media, a leading communications and content production company. Asika is a prominent figure in laying the infrastructure for the growth and development of the media and entertainment industry.

Darey
Oluwadamilare Babatunde Art Alade (born 9 February 1982), known professionally as Darey, formerly Dare Art Alade, is a Nigerian multi-platinum Afro R&B singer, songwriter, record producer, philanthropist, humanitarian and entrepreneur. He is also the son of the African jazz musician and entertainer Art Alade and the creative director of Livespot360.
2016 Alaska Republican presidential caucuses
The 2016 Alaska Republican presidential caucuses took place on March 1, 2016, as part of "Super Tuesday." Senator Cruz won the state's caucuses by less than 1,000 votes, despite Trump enjoying the endorsement of former Governor and 2008 Vice Presidential nominee Sarah Palin, the 9th Governor of Alaska.

While Cruz performed best in the state's urban legislative districts, Trump won rural precincts in the Alaska Bush. Alaska was the only state where neurosurgeon Ben Carson carried a jurisdiction over the course of the primary, albeit one of the country's least populated.

2008 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection
On March 4, 2008, Senator John McCain of Arizona won the 2008 nomination by the Republican Party for President of the United States, and became the presumptive nominee of the party. McCain held an event with Alaska governor Sarah Palin, revealing her as his vice presidential running mate on August 29, 2008, a date which coincided both with McCain's 72nd birthday and the Palins' 20th wedding anniversary, at the Ervin J. Nutter Center in Dayton, Ohio, the day after Barack Obama's acceptance speech. If elected, she would have been the first vice president from Alaska and outside the mainland United States, and the first female vice president, but the feat would later be accomplished by Kamala Harris in 2020. The McCain–Palin ticket ultimately lost to the Obama–Biden ticket in the 2008 presidential election, and Palin returned to the governorship following the campaign but later resigned the following year.
High school boys ice hockey in North Dakota
The North Dakota High School Boys Hockey program is a high school ice hockey program in the State of North Dakota.  The first boys hockey competition took place in 1966-1967 and was won by Grand Forks Central High School.

Grand Forks Central High School
Grand Forks Central High School (GFC) is a public senior high school in the Grand Forks Public Schools district. It is located in downtown Grand Forks, North Dakota.

Dependent children living on Grand Forks Air Force Base are zoned to Grand Forks Central.
Northrop Grumman Guardian
The Northrop Grumman Guardian is a passive anti-missile countermeasure system designed specifically to protect commercial airliners from shoulder-launched missiles (commonly known as MANPADS), using directed infrared countermeasures (DIRCM) technology.

According to The Wall Street Journal, the program is now the subject of a lawsuit alleging that "in 2007 and 2008 the company intentionally inflated costs, presented false bills, lied about progress and withheld test data from the Department of Homeland Security."

Countermeasure
A countermeasure is a measure or action taken to counter or offset another one. As a general concept, it implies precision and is any technological or tactical solution or system designed to prevent an undesirable outcome in the process. The first known use of the term according to the Merriam-Webster dictionary was in 1923.

Countermeasures can refer to the following disciplinary spectrum:

Medicine

Materials engineering

Electro-magnetic engineering

Policing

Information technology

International Law

Diplomatic security

Pollution prevention

Aviation

Defense countermeasures are often divided into "active" and "passive".
Ajoy Chakrabarty
Pandit Ajoy Chakrabarty (born 25 December 1952) is an Indian classical vocalist, composer, lyricist and an exponent of the Patiala-Kasur gharana. He was  awarded with the Padma Bhushan, the third highest civilian award in India in 2020 and the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award in India in 2011.

Banga Bibhushan
Banga Bibhushan Samman (Bengali: বঙ্গবিভূষণ) is a title instituted by the West Bengal government to honour the services of personalities in various fields. The Banga Ratna Samman and the Banga Bhushan Samman ("Bengal ornament" বঙ্গ ভূষণ) awards are also granted.

The award was conceived by Mamata Banerjee, Chief Minister of West Bengal, on 25 July 2011.
Samonas
Samonas (Greek: Σαμῶνας, c. 875 – after 908) was an Arab eunuch, who was captured by the Byzantines and became one of the most influential officials of the Byzantine Empire during the first decade of the 10th century.

Rhomaioi
Rhomaioi or Romaioi (Ῥωμαῖοι) were the Greek-speaking inhabitants of Southern Europe and Western Asia that identified as Romans starting from Late Antiquity. Although modern scholarship commonly refers to these populations as Byzantines, Eastern Romans, or Byzantine Greeks, they consistently understood their identity as Roman, rooted in imperial continuity, the Christian faith, and the Greek language and culture. Over time, Rhōmaios became closely associated with the Eastern Orthodox Church as well as Greek speech, and the identity continued in use among Greek Orthodox communities after the fall of Constantinople in 1453.
Tonio K
Tonio K. (born Steven M. Krikorian, July 4, 1950) is an American singer/songwriter who has released eight albums. His songs have been recorded by Al Green, Aaron Neville, Burt Bacharach, Bonnie Raitt, Chicago, Wynonna Judd and Vanessa Williams, among many others. His song "16 Tons of Monkeys", co-written with guitarist Steve Schiff, was featured in the 1992 Academy Award-winning short film Session Man. He worked with Bacharach and hip-hop impresario Dr. Dre on Bacharach's At This Time, which won the Grammy for Best Pop Instrumental Recording in 2005.

Summer School (1987 film)
Summer School is a 1987 American comedy film directed by Carl Reiner and starring Mark Harmon as a high school gym teacher who is forced to teach a remedial English class during the summer. The film co-stars Kirstie Alley and Courtney Thorne-Smith. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and produced by George Shapiro and Howard West. The original music score was composed by Danny Elfman.
1860 United States presidential election in North Carolina
The 1860 United States presidential election in North Carolina took place on November 6, 1860, as part of the 1860 United States presidential election. Voters chose 10 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

North Carolina was won by the Southern Democratic candidate 14th Vice President of the United States John C. Breckinridge of Kentucky and his running mate Senator Joseph Lane of Oregon. They defeated the Constitutional Union candidate Senator John Bell of Tennessee and his running mate 15th Governor of Massachusetts Edward Everett as well as the Democratic candidate  Senator Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois and his running mate 41st Governor of Georgia Herschel V. Johnson. Breckinridge won the state by a narrow margin of 3.85%.

Republican Party candidate Abraham Lincoln was not on the ballot in the state.

Joseph Lane
Joseph Lane (December 14, 1801 – April 19, 1881) was an American politician and soldier. He was a state legislator representing Evansville, Indiana, and then served in the Mexican–American War, becoming a general and commanding the 2nd Indiana Volunteers. President James K. Polk appointed Lane as the first Governor of Oregon Territory. When Oregon was admitted as a state in 1859, Lane was elected one of Oregon's first two U.S. Senators.

In the 1860 United States presidential election, Lane was nominated for vice president of the Southern wing of the Democratic Party, as John C. Breckinridge's running mate.

One of his sons was later elected U.S. Representative, and a grandson U.S. Senator, making Lane the patriarch of one of the state's most prominent political families.
Mount Katsuragi
Mount Katsuragi (葛城山, Katsuragi-san) is a name used for multiple mountains in Japan. It can refer to:

Mount Izumi Katsuragi, on the border of Osaka and Wakayama Prefectures

Mount Minami Katsuragi, east of Mt. Izumi Katsuragi, south of Mount Iwawaki

Mount Naka Katsuragi, south of Mt. Kongō

Mount Yamato Katsuragi, straddling the prefectural line between Nara and Osaka Prefectures

Mount Katsuragi (Izunokuni) on the Izu Peninsula, Shizuoka

When read "Katsuragi-yama," it collectively refers to Mount Kongō and Mount Yamato Katsuragi

Mount Minami Katsuragi
Mount Minami Katsuragi (南葛城山, Minami Katsuragi-san) is the tallest mountain in the Izumi Mountains within the Kongō Range, straddling the border between Osaka and Wakayama Prefectures in Japan. Its peak elevation is 922 metres (3,025 ft).
Begell House
Begell House is an academic publisher of medical and scientific journals and books, with a concentration on engineering and biomedical sciences. The publisher is also producing eBooks and digital articles via "Begell Digital Library" and "Thermopedia".

It was founded in 1991 by William Begell. The company is privately owned. It headquarters are in Danbury, Connecticut. It is a member of the International Association of Scientific, Technical, and Medical Publishers (STM).

Danbury, Connecticut
Danbury (/ˈdænbɛri/ DAN-berr-ee) is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States, located approximately 50 miles (80 km) northeast of New York City. Danbury's population as of 2020 was 86,518. It is the third-largest city in Western Connecticut, and the seventh-largest city in Connecticut. Located within the heart of the Housatonic Valley region, the city is a historic commercial hub of western Connecticut, home to many commuters and summer residents from the New York metropolitan area and New England.

Danbury is nicknamed the "Hat City", because it was once the center of the American hat industry, during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The mineral danburite is named after Danbury, while the city itself is named for Danbury in Essex, England.

Danbury is home to Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut State University, Danbury Fair Mall, and Danbury Municipal Airport.
Segment addition postulate
In geometry, the segment addition postulate states that given 2 points A and C, a third point B lies on the line segment AC if and only if the distances between the points satisfy the equation AB + BC = AC. This is related to the triangle inequality, which states that AB + BC  AC with equality if and only if A, B, and C are collinear (on the same line). This in turn is equivalent to the proposition that the shortest distance between two points lies on a straight line.

The segment addition postulate is often useful in proving results on the congruence of segments.

Collinearity
In geometry, collinearity of a set of points is the property of their lying on a single line. A set of points with this property is said to be collinear (sometimes spelled as colinear). In greater generality, the term has been used for aligned objects, that is, things being "in a line" or "in a row".
2020–21 Belgian First Division B
The 2020–21 season of the Belgian First Division B began in August 2020 and ended in April 2021. Union SG became champions on 13 March 2021, returning to the highest level of Belgian football for the first time since the 1972–73 season.

R.F.C. Seraing (1922)
RFC Seraing is a Belgian association football club based in Seraing in the province of Liège. They play their home games at the Stade du Pairay. The club currently compete in Challenger Pro League, the second tier of Belgian football.
Yoshikazu Kawaguchi
Yoshikazu Kawaguchi (川口由一, Kawaguchi Yoshikazu; 1939 – 9 June 2023) was the leading Japanese practitioner of the "natural farming" method popularized by Masanobu Fukuoka and farmed by this method in Sakurai City, Nara Prefecture for 30 years. He was a farmer, author, and founder of the Akame Natural Farming School, or 赤目自然農塾 in Japanese.

Nara Prefecture
Nara Prefecture (奈良県, Nara-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜ.ɾa, na.ɾaꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. As of 2020, Nara Prefecture has a population of 1,321,805 and has a geographic area of 3,691 square kilometres (1,425 sq mi). Nara Prefecture borders Kyoto Prefecture to the north, Osaka Prefecture to the northwest, Wakayama Prefecture to the southwest, and Mie Prefecture to the east.

Nara is the capital and largest city of Nara Prefecture, with other major cities including Kashihara, Ikoma, and Yamatokōriyama. Nara Prefecture is located in the center of the Kii Peninsula on Japan's Pacific Ocean coast, and is one of only eight landlocked prefectures. Nara Prefecture has the distinction of having more UNESCO World Heritage listings than any other prefecture in Japan.
Marcela Krinke-Susmelj
Marcela Krinke-Susmelj (18 October 1965 – 17 July 2024) was a Czechoslovak-born Swiss Olympic dressage rider. She participated at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where she placed 24th in the individual competition.

Krinke-Susmelj competed at three editions of World Equestrian Games (2006, 2010 and 2014), six European Dressage Championships (2005, 2007, 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2017) and four World Cup Finals (2013, 2014, 2016 and 2017). Her best championship results were two 8th places in team dressage competitions (from the 2005 Europeans and the 2006 Worlds), while her best individual result is 11th place in freestyle dressage from the 2010 World Equestrian Games.

Dressage World Cup
The FEI World Cup Dressage Final is an annual international dressage series involving the world's best dressage horses and riders. It has been held since 1985. The World Cup is run in the form of a CDI.