hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
't Hooft loop
In quantum field theory, the 't Hooft loop is a magnetic analogue of the Wilson loop whose spatial loop operator give rise to thin loops of magnetic flux associated with magnetic vortices. They play the role of a disorder parameter for the Higgs phase in pure gauge theory. Consistency conditions between electric and magnetic charges limit the possible 't Hooft loops that can be used, similarly to the way that the Dirac quantization condition limits the set of allowed magnetic monopoles. They were first introduced by Gerard 't Hooft in 1978 in the context of possible phases that gauge theories admit.

Operator (physics)
An operator is a function over a space of physical states onto another space of states. The simplest example of the utility of operators is the study of symmetry (which makes the concept of a group useful in this context). Because of this, they are useful tools in classical mechanics. Operators are even more important in quantum mechanics, where they form an intrinsic part of the formulation of the theory. They play a central role in describing observables (measurable quantities like energy, momentum, etc.).
Elmo, Montana
Elmo (Salish: sqʷʔeʔ, Kutenai: k̓upawi¢q̓nuk) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 180 at the 2010 census, up from 143 in 2000.

The townsite was platted in 1917. Elmo had a dock and warehouse that served boat traffic on Flathead Lake.

Kutenai language
Kutenai (/ˈkuːtniː/ KOOT-nee), also Kootenai, Kootenay, Ktunaxa, and Ksanka, is the native language of the Kutenai people of Montana and Idaho in the United States and British Columbia in Canada. It is typically considered a language isolate, unrelated to the Salishan family of languages spoken by neighboring tribes on the coast and in the interior Plateau. The Kutenai also use ʔa·qanⱡiⱡⱡitnam, Ktunaxa Sign Language.
Dan Morrison (umpire)
Daniel Guthrie Morrison (January 21, 1948 – July 24, 2023) was an American professional baseball umpire who worked in the American League from 1979 to 1999, and throughout both major leagues in 2000 and 2001. He wore uniform number 34 when the AL adopted them for its umpires in 1980 and retained the number when the AL and NL umpiring staffs merged in 2000. Morrison umpired 2,660 major league games in his 23-year career. Morrison umpired in the 1992 World Series, the 1988 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, three American League Championship Series (1989, 1996 and 1999), and three Division Series (1995, 1997, and 2000).

American League Championship Series
The American League Championship Series (ALCS) is a best-of-seven playoff and one of two League Championship Series comprising the penultimate round of Major League Baseball's (MLB) postseason. The winner of the ALCS wins the AL pennant and advances to the World Series, MLB's championship series, to play the winner of the National League's (NL) Championship Series. The ALCS began in 1969 as a best-of-five playoff and used this format until 1985, when it changed to its current best-of-seven format.
Secretary, Ministry of Finance v. Masdar Hossain
Secretary, Ministry of Finance v Masdar Hossain (1999) 52 DLR (AD) 82 is a landmark case decided by the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh concerning the separation of powers. It is popularly known as the Masdar Hossain case.

Separation of powers
The separation of powers principle functionally differentiates several types of state power (usually legislation, adjudication, and execution) and requires these operations of government to be conceptually and institutionally distinct and clearly articulated, thereby maintaining the integrity of each branch. To put this model into practice, government is divided into structurally independent branches to perform various functions (most often a legislature, a judiciary and an administration, sometimes known as the trias politica). When each function is allocated strictly to one branch, a government is described as having a high degree of separation; whereas, when one person or branch plays a significant part in the exercise of more than one function, this represents a fusion of powers. When one branch holds unlimited state power and delegates its powers to other organs as it sees fit, as is the case in communist states, that is called unified power.
Hima Shankar
Hima Shankar known as Hima Shankar Sheematty, is an Indian actress who appears in Malayalam films and short films. She has also directed and performed in many theatrical works. She took a part in the reality show Bigg Boss Malayalam.

Asianet (TV channel)
Asianet is an Indian Malayalam language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Viacom18 and Disney India. It primarily telecasts programs such as serials, reality shows and Malayalam films. Asianet HD is the first High Definition channel in Malayalam and was the Star network's first HD channel in a language other than Hindi or English.
Panasonic Globe Theatre
The Panasonic Globe Theatre in Tokyo, Japan, was designed by Isozaki Arata and  opened in 1988 to showcase local and international productions of Shakespeare's plays. Guest companies and artists have included the British Royal National Theatre, Royal Shakespeare Company, Shakespeare's Globe Theatre, Ingmar Bergman, Peter Brook, Barry Kyle and Robert Lepage, as well as such Kabuki stars as Bando Tamasaburo (Lady Macbeth), and Ichikawa Somegoro (Kabuki Hamlet).

Robert Lepage
Robert Lepage CC OQ (born December 12, 1957) is a Canadian playwright, actor, film director, and stage director. He is known for his multidisciplinary performance and production company called Ex Machina, which he founded in 1994 in Quebec City.
1080° Snowboarding
1080° Snowboarding is a snowboarding video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 64 in 1998. In the game, players control one of five snowboarders from a third-person perspective, using a combination of buttons to jump and perform tricks across eight levels.

1080° was announced in November 1997 and developed over nine months. It received critical acclaim and won an Interactive Achievement Award from the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences. The game sold over two million units. A sequel, 1080° Avalanche, was released for the GameCube in November 2003. The game was re-released for the Wii in 2008 and for the Wii U Virtual Console in 2016. It was also re-released on the Nintendo Classics service in 2023.

Third-person (video games)
In video games, third-person (also spelled third person) is a graphical perspective rendered from a fixed distance behind and slightly above the player character. This viewpoint allows players to see a more strongly characterized avatar and is most common in action games and action adventure games. Games with this perspective often make use of positional audio, where the volume of ambient sounds varies depending on the position of the avatar.
Terry County, Texas
Terry County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 11,831. Its county seat is Brownfield. The county was demarked in 1876 and organized in 1904. It is named for Benjamin Franklin Terry, a colonel in the Confederate Army. Terry County was one of 46 dry counties in the state of Texas, but is now a moist county. Terry County is one of the most productive pumpkin producing counties in the United States.

Dry county
In the United States, a dry county is a county whose local government forbids the sale of any kind of alcoholic beverages. Some prohibit off-premises sale, some prohibit on-premises sale, and some prohibit both. The vast majority of counties now permit the sale of alcohol in at least some circumstances, but some dry counties remain, mostly in the Southern United States; the largest number are in Arkansas, where 30 counties are dry.

A number of smaller jurisdictions also exist, such as cities, towns, and townships, which prohibit the sale of alcoholic beverages and are known as dry cities, dry towns, or dry townships. Dry jurisdictions can be contrasted with "wet" (in which alcohol sales are allowed and regulated) and "moist" (in which some sales of alcohol are permitted, or a dry county containing wet cities).
Luke Clough
Luke James Clough (4 July 1878 – 3 December 1956) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Pinegrove near Echuca to farmer Thomas Clough and Mary Howe. He became a market gardener in Bendigo and then a bootmaker. He was a founding member of the Bendigo East branch of the Labor Party and served as branch president; he was also on the state executive from 1911 to 1914. In 1915 he won a by-election for the Victorian Legislative Assembly seat of Bendigo East, and served as a backbench Labor member until 1927, when his seat was abolished and he was defeated for preselection in the new seat of Bendigo. Clough died in Bendigo on 3 December 1956.

Echuca
Echuca (/əˈtʃuːkə/ ə-CHOO-kə) is a town on the banks of the Murray River and Campaspe River in Victoria, Australia. The border town of Moama is adjacent on the northern side of the Murray River in New South Wales. Echuca is the administrative centre and largest settlement in the Shire of Campaspe. As of the 2021 census, Echuca had a population of 15,056, and the population of the combined Echuca and Moama townships was 22,568.

Echuca lies within traditional Yorta Yorta country. The town's name is a Yorta Yorta word meaning "meeting of the waters". Echuca is close to the junction of the Goulburn, Campaspe, and Murray Rivers. Its position at the closest point of the Murray to Melbourne contributed to its development as a thriving river port city during the 19th century.
We Love OPM
We Love OPM: The Celebrity Sing-Offs (stylized as We ♥ OPM: The Celebrity Sing-Offs) is a Philippine television reality competition show broadcast by ABS-CBN. Hosted by Anne Curtis and Eric Nicolas and mentored by Jay-R, Yeng Constantino, Nyoy Volante, KZ Tandingan, Erik Santos and Richard Poon. It aired on the network's Yes Weekend! line up from May 14 to July 17, 2016, replacing I Love OPM and was replaced by Pinoy Big Brother: Lucky 7.

After 10 weeks of completion, Erik Santos' team Tres Kantos was named Grand CelebriTeam after garnering 80.45% of the combined OPM Icon and public's votes (online and text). Tres Kantos won ₱2,000,000 (about £32,375, €38,750, US$42,750), half of which they donated to their chosen beneficiary, Casa San Miguel Foundation.

Newport Performing Arts Theater
The Newport Performing Arts Theater (NPAT), also known as simply Newport Theater, is a performing arts center on the grounds of Newport World Resorts in Pasay, Metro Manila, Philippines. It is a modern multi-purpose theater named after its location in the Newport Mall and entertainment complex connected to the integrated resort in the 25-hectare (62-acre) Newport City township. The 1,500-seat facility opened in 2010 and holds the widest stage in the Philippines. It is one of the three major performing arts venues in Metro Manila that plays host to both touring and locally-produced musicals, live stage shows, concerts, and regular televised events such as awards ceremonies and pageants.
Pieve di Cento
Pieve di Cento (Bolognese: Pîv ed Zänt; "parish of Cento") is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Bologna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Bologna.

Province of Bologna
The province of Bologna (Italian: provincia di Bologna) was a province in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. Its provincial capital was the city of Bologna. The province of Bologna covered an area of 3,702.32 square kilometres (1,429.47 sq mi) and had a total population of 1,004,323 inhabitants as of 31 December 2014, giving it a population density of 271.27 inhabitants per square kilometre. It was replaced by the Metropolitan City of Bologna starting from January 2015.
Chanda, Raebareli
Chanda is a village in Lalganj block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 4 km from Lalganj, the block and tehsil headquarters. As of 2011, it has a population of 1,246 people, in 201 households. It has one primary school and no healthcare facilities.

The 1961 census recorded Chanda as comprising 4 hamlets, with a total population of 506 people (254 male and 252 female), in 93 households and 90 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 564 acres.

The 1981 census recorded Chanda as having a population of 756 people, in 130 households. The main staple foods were listed as wheat and rice.

Raebareli district
Raebareli district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The city of Raebareli is the district headquarters. This district is a part of Lucknow Division in Uttar Pradesh state. The total area of Raebareli district is 3,371 Sq. km.

As of 2011, its population is 3,405,559, which makes it the 27th largest in the state. It is a predominantly rural district, with 91% of the population living in rural areas.
AUJIK
AUJIK is an art concept initiated in 2001 by the award-winning (Prix Ars Electronica, Japan Media Arts Festival, Animago 2016, Screengrab) artist Stefan Larsson, who was born in Sweden and lives and works in Ōtsu, Japan.

AUJIK's multi-media works have been shown at the Prix Ars Electronica 2011, Onedotzero London at BFI Southbank 2011/2013/2016, SIGGRAPH Asia, CMoDA Beijing, Biwako Biennale 2012 & 2014, Japan Media Arts Festival 2010/2015. Nordic Outbreak by the Streaming Museum, NYC 2014, 'Death is your Body' Frankfurter Kunstverein 2014, Co-workers at the Museum of Modern Art, Paris 2016, Oberhausen Film Festival, Rotterdam Film Festival, Dokfest Kassel, Animago 2016, Screengrab Australia and events and exhibitions curated by Filmform, Onedotzero and Directors Lounge Berlin.

The group had solo exhibitions at galleries in Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto and at CAC (Contemporary Art Center) in Vilnius.

Ōtsu
Ōtsu (大津市, Ōtsu-shi) is the capital city of Shiga Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2021, the city had an estimated population of 343,991 in 153,458 households and a population density of 740 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 464.51 square kilometres (179.35 sq mi).
2014 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 200 metre backstroke
The men's 200 metre backstroke competition at the 2014 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 23 at the Gold Coast Aquatic Centre.  The last champion was Ryan Lochte of US.

This race consisted of four lengths of the pool, all in backstroke.

Backstroke
Backstroke or back crawl is one of the four swimming styles used in competitive events regulated by FINA, and the only one of these styles swum on the back. This swimming style has the advantage of easy breathing, but the disadvantage of swimmers not being able to see where they are going. It also has a different start from the other three competition swimming styles. The swimming style is similar to an upside down front crawl or freestyle. Both backstroke and front crawl are long-axis strokes. In individual medley backstroke is the second style swum; in the medley relay it is the first style swum.
Andrew Walton
Andrew P Walton (born 28 February 1965) is a Rhodesian-born former cricketer. Walton played as a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.

Walton represented the Kent Cricket Board in three List A matches.  These came against the Worcestershire Cricket Board, the Warwickshire Cricket Board and Hampshire County Cricket Club, all in the 2000 NatWest Trophy.  In his 3 List A matches, he scored 13 runs at a batting average of 4.33, with a high score of eight. With the ball he took four wickets at a bowling average of 22.25, with best figures of 3/31.

In February 2020, he was named in Zimbabwe's squad for the Over-50s Cricket World Cup in South Africa. However, the tournament was cancelled during the third round of matches due to the coronavirus pandemic.

2000 NatWest Trophy
The 2000 NatWest Trophy was the 20th and last NatWest Trophy before being renamed as the Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy for the 2001 season.  It was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 2 May and 26 August 2000. The tournament was won by Gloucestershire who defeated Warwickshire by 22 runs in the final at Lord's.
Godkin Lectures
The Edwin L. Godkin Lecture is an annual lecture hosted by Harvard Kennedy School at Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

The lecture series was founded in 1903 and named in honor of Edwin L. Godkin, the Irish-American journalist who founded The Nation. When Lord Bryce delivered the first Godkin Lecture in 1903, Harvard president Charles William Eliot gave the introduction and said, "These lectures upon government and civic duty are in remembrance of a man who gave his life to the public through the medium of the press . . . Mr. Godkin was a man of remarkable vigor and great candor, and unremitting devotion to lofty ideals of public duty." The Godkin Lectures have been delivered by Lord Bryce, Heinrich Brüning, C. P. Snow, Edward Heath, Walter Heller, McGeorge Bundy, John M. Deutch, Walter Lippmann, Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Nelson Rockefeller, Paul Samuelson, Derek Bok, and Clark Kerr, among others.

Charles William Eliot
Charles William Eliot (March 20, 1834 – August 22, 1926) was an American academic who was president of Harvard University from 1869 to 1909, the longest term of any Harvard president. A member of the prominent Eliot family of Boston, he transformed Harvard from a respected provincial college into America's preeminent research university.
Theodore Roosevelt called him "the only man in the world I envy."
Mary Fowler (soccer)
Mary Boio Fowler (Tok Pisin: [bojo] BOY-oh; born 14 February 2003) is an Australian professional soccer player who plays for English Women's Super League club Manchester City and the Australia national team. Mainly a forward, she is also able to play as a midfielder. Regarded as one of the best young talents in women's soccer, she is known for her creativity on the ball.

After being selected for Australia's 2023 World Cup squad, Fowler scored the winning goal in a pre-World Cup friendly against France in July 2023.

Adelaide United FC (women)
Adelaide United Football Club is an Australian women's soccer team based in Adelaide, South Australia. Founded in 2008, it is the affiliated women's team of Adelaide United. The team competes in the country's premier women's soccer competition, the A-League Women.
The Three Jovial Huntsmen
The Three Jovial Huntsmen (1880) was a popular British picture book illustrated by Randolph Caldecott, engraved and printed by Edmund Evans and published by George Routledge & Sons in London. The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Three Jovial Huntsmen, by Randolph Caldecott, Illustrated by Randolph Caldecott is available online THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 14081. The toy book, which is a variant of the folklore song The Three Huntsmen (sometimes called the Three Jolly Huntsmen), was well-received, selling tens of thousands of copies.

The three droll equestrians featured in the book are featured  as the logo of the Horn Book Magazine. In 1914, four colour pictures from the book were reproduced by Frederick Warne & Co as postcards.

The story was also noted for using the word "powlert" which was not defined in either the Oxford English Dictionary or Century Dictionary.

Frederick Warne & Co.
Frederick Warne & Co. is a British publisher founded in 1865. It is known for children's books, particularly those of Beatrix Potter, and for its Observer's Books.

Warne is an imprint of Random House Children's Books and Penguin Random House, a subsidiary of German media conglomerate Bertelsmann.
Murray Lake (Manitoba)
Murray Lake is a glacial lake approximately 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) northeast of Bakers Narrows which drains into Lake Athapapuskow. It is part of the Nelson River watershed, in the Hudson Bay drainage basin in the Northern Region of Manitoba, Canada. The lakes sits in Churchill River Upland portion of the Midwestern Canadian Shield forests and is surrounded by mixed forest with stands of black spruce, white spruce, jack pine, and trembling aspen. The shoreline is characterized by steeply sloping irregular rock ridges and poorly drained areas of muskeg.

The lake was named to honour a pair of brothers named Murray who prospected on the lake. The name was officially adopted in 1941.

Hudson Bay drainage basin
The Hudson Bay drainage basin is the drainage basin in northern North America where surface water empties into the Hudson Bay and adjoining waters. Spanning an area of about 3,861,400 square kilometres (1,490,900 sq mi) and with a mean discharge of about 30,900 m3/s (1,090,000 cu ft/s), the basin is almost entirely within Canada. It encompasses parts of the Canadian Prairies, Central Canada, and Northern Canada. A small area of the basin is in the northern part of the Midwestern United States.

The Hudson Bay drainage basin coincides almost completely with the former territory of Rupert's Land, claimed by the Hudson's Bay Company in the 17th century. It was an ideal area for the early North American fur trade.
Greenglass
Greenglass is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Greenglass (1922–2014), American machinist and Soviet spy

Menachem Zeev Greenglass (1917–2010), Polish-Canadian rabbi

Ruth Greenglass (1924–2008), née Printz, wife of David Greenglass who spied for the Soviet Union

David Greenglass
David Greenglass (March 2, 1922 – July 1, 2014) was an American machinist who worked on the Manhattan Project and was an atomic spy for the Soviet Union. He was briefly stationed at the Clinton Engineer Works uranium enrichment facility at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and then worked at the Los Alamos Laboratory in New Mexico from August 1944 until February 1946.

He provided testimony that helped convict his sister and brother-in-law Ethel and Julius Rosenberg, who were executed for their spying activity. Greenglass served nine and a half years in prison.
Burnhamthorpe Collegiate Institute
Burnhamthorpe Collegiate Institute and Adult Learning Centre (Burnhamthorpe CI, BCI, Burnhamthorpe ALC, BCALC, or Burnhamthorpe) is an adult and alternative high school in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located in the Eatonville neighbourhood of the former suburb of Etobicoke. It has operated since 1956, currently by the Toronto District School Board, originally part of the Etobicoke Board of Education. It offers credit courses to adult learners (21 and over) and to young adults (18–20). The motto for Burnhamthorpe is Quisque Praestet Officium which translates to "No matter whose attention offers".

Motto
A motto (derived from the Latin muttum, 'mutter', by way of Italian motto, 'word' or 'sentence') is a sentence or phrase expressing a belief or purpose, or the general motivation or intention of an individual, family, social group, or organization. Mottos (or mottoes) are usually found predominantly in written form (unlike slogans, which may also be expressed orally), and may stem from long traditions of social foundations, or from significant events, such as a civil war or a revolution. One's motto may be in any language, but Latin has been widely used, especially in the Western world.