hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Christopher Ward (songwriter)
Christopher William Ward (born 28 July 1949) is a Canadian songwriter and broadcaster, known as a former long-standing on-air personality at MuchMusic, Canada's music video network, where he and J.D. Roberts were among the first video jockeys in 1984. Ward was a judge on The Next Star which was a Canadian reality television show on YTV.

As a recording artist, Ward charted several singles in Canada between 1976 and 1981.  As a songwriter, he achieved notable success with Alannah Myles' recording of "Black Velvet", which reached number 1 on the US charts in 1990.  He has also written songs recorded by Diana Ross, Backstreet Boys, Wynonna Judd, Amanda Marshall, Tina Arena, Peter Cetera, Anne Murray and Meredith Brooks, amongst others.

Instant Star
Instant Star is a Canadian musical comedy-drama television series which aired from 15 September 2004 to 26 June 2008. The series stars Alexz Johnson as teenage singing competition winner Jude Harrison. The show chronicles Harrison's experience in the recording industry whilst focusing on character development.

Instant Star was created by Linda Schuyler, who also co-created Degrassi. In Canada, the show aired on CTV. In the United States, it aired on Noggin as part of its teen-oriented block, The N. Epitome Pictures produced the show, and both CTV and The N were involved in the production and financing.

Four seasons of the show (each with 13 episodes) were made. CTV and The N both pulled funding following the fourth season, despite plans by Epitome Pictures to continue with a fifth season. The fourth and final season ended on June 26, 2008, in the United States.
Cavalcade of Song
Cavalcade of Song (Italian: Canzoni, canzoni, canzoni) is a 1953 Italian musical film directed by Domenico Paolella and starring Alberto Sordi, Silvana Pampanini and Antonella Lualdi.

It was shot in Ferraniacolor at the Cinecittà studios in Rome.

Ferrania
FILM Ferrania s.r.l. is a photographic film manufacturing company located in Ferrania (Liguria), Italy. Ferrania was founded in 1923 as a maker of photographic film, papers, and photographic equipment, including cameras. The company was purchased in 1964 by the 3M company to become Ferrania 3M, until it was spun off in 1996 to 3M's Imation division. In 1999, Ferrania was acquired by Schroder Ventures and then spun off as a separate company. Subsequently, it was acquired by a Genoese shipping company, Gruppo Messina (Ignazio Messina & Co. S.p.A.) who ceased photographic activities in 2009.

The company was re-founded in 2013 as FILM Ferrania to build a new film manufacturing base using a small portion of the historic campus.
Qianwan station
Qianwan station (simplified Chinese: 前湾站; traditional Chinese: 前灣站; pinyin: Qiánwān Zhàn; Jyutping: cin4 waan1 zaam6) is an interchange station for Line 5 and Line 9 of the Shenzhen Metro. It opened on 28 September 2019 with Line 5, whilst Line 9 opened on 8 December 2019.

Interchange station
An interchange station or a transfer station is a train station for more than one railway route in a public transport system that allows passengers to change from one route to another, often without having to leave a station or pay an additional fare.

Transfer may occur within the same mode, or between rail modes, or to buses (for stations with bus termini attached). Such stations usually have more platforms than single route stations. These stations can exist in either commercial centers or on the city outskirts in residential areas. Cities typically plan for land use around interchange stations for development. Passengers may be required to pay extra fare for the interchange if they leave a paid area.
Marie Geistinger
Marie Charlotte Cäcilie Geistinger (1836–1903) was an Austrian actress and operatic soprano, known as the "Queen of Operetta". She frequently appeared in works by Jacques Offenbach, Johann Strauss II and Franz von Suppé. She achieved particular acclaim for performing Rosalinda in the première of Die Fledermaus at the Theater an der Wien in 1874. In 1881, her debut at the Thalia Theatre in New York was well received.

Die Fledermaus
Die Fledermaus (German: [diː ˈfleːdɐˌmaʊs], The Bat, sometimes called The Revenge of the Bat) is an operetta composed by Johann Strauss II to a German libretto by Karl Haffner and Richard Genée, which premiered in 1874.
Eureka Federal Savings Classic
The Eureka Federal Savings Classic was a golf tournament on the Champions Tour played only in 1981. It was played in San Francisco, California at the Harding Park Golf Club. The purse for the tournament was US$150,000, with $25,000 going to the winner, Don January.

TPC Harding Park
TPC Harding Park, formerly Harding Park Golf Club and commonly known as Harding Park, is a municipal golf course located on the West Side of San Francisco, California. It is owned by the city and county of San Francisco.

It is now a part of the PGA Tour's Tournament Players Club (TPC) network of courses, following an agreement between the tour and the city that was announced on November 3, 2010. It is located in the southwest area of San Francisco, on the west side of San Francisco State University, and surrounded by Lake Merced on its other three sides. The entrance is at Harding Road, which connects to Skyline Boulevard on the east.
Glejser test
Glejser test for heteroscedasticity, developed in 1969 by Herbert Glejser, is a statistical test, which regresses the residuals on the explanatory variable that is thought to be related to the heteroscedastic variance. After it was found not to be asymptotically valid under asymmetric disturbances, similar improvements have been independently suggested by Im, and Machado and Santos Silva.

Errors and residuals
In statistics and optimization, errors and residuals are two closely related and easily confused measures of the deviation of an observed value of an element of a statistical sample from its "true value" (not necessarily observable). The error of an observation is the deviation of the observed value from the true value of a quantity of interest (for example, a population mean). The residual is the difference between the observed value and the estimated value of the quantity of interest (for example, a sample mean). The distinction is most important in regression analysis, where the concepts are sometimes called the regression errors and regression residuals and where they lead to the concept of studentized residuals.
In econometrics, "errors" are also called disturbances.
Raadi Nature Reserve
Raadi Nature Reserve is a nature reserve which is located in Tartu County, Estonia.

The area of the nature reserve is 87 ha.

The protected area was founded in 2015 to protect valuable habitat types and threatened species in Tila village (Tartu Parish), in Rõõmu village (former Luunja Parish) and in Tartu City.

Tartu County
Tartu County (Estonian: Tartu maakond or Tartumaa) is one of 15 counties of Estonia.

It is located in eastern Estonia, and it borders Põlva County, Valga County, Viljandi County, and Jõgeva County.

The area of Tartu County is 2,992.74 km2 (1,155.50 sq mi), which covers 6.9% of the territory of Estonia. In 2022 Tartu County had a population of 157,758 – constituting 11.9% of the total population in Estonia. The city of Tartu is the centre of the county located at a distance of 186 km (116 mi) from Tallinn. Tartu County is divided into 8 local governments – 1 urban and 7 rural municipalities.
Anastrepha obliqua
Anastrepha obliqua is a species of fruit fly. It is the most important fruit fly pest of mangoes in Neotropics and attacks a wide range of other spicy fruits. A. obliqua is widespread in Mexico, Central and South America and the West Indies. It is sometimes called the West Indian fruit fly in English.

Mango
A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree Mangifera indica. It originated in the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, in what is now Bangladesh, northeastern India and Myanmar. M. indica has been cultivated in South and Southeast Asia since ancient times, resulting in two modern mango cultivar lineages: the "Indian" and the "Southeast Asian" types. Other species in the genus Mangifera also produce edible fruits called "mangoes," most of which are found in the Malesian ecoregion.

There are several hundred cultivars of mango worldwide. Depending on the cultivar, mango fruit varies in size, shape, sweetness, skin color, and flesh color, which may be pale yellow, gold, green, or orange. Mango is the national fruit of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines, while the mango tree is the national tree of Bangladesh.
Op. 90
In music, Op. 90 stands for Opus number 90. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Beethoven – Piano Sonata No. 27

Brahms – Symphony No. 3

Dvořák – Piano Trio No. 4

Klebe – Die Fastnachtsbeichte

Mendelssohn – Symphony No. 4

Schubert – Impromptus

Schumann – 6 Gedichte  und Requiem

Sibelius – Six Runeberg Songs, collection of art songs (1917)

Piano Sonata No. 27 (Beethoven)
Ludwig van Beethoven's Piano Sonata No. 27 in E minor, Op. 90 was written in the summer of 1814—Beethoven's late Middle period—and dedicated to Prince Moritz von Lichnowsky, a friend and benefactor who was also the dedicatee of the Eroica Variations.
HMS Falcon (1801)
Diadem was a sloop launched in 1798. The Admiralty renamed her HMS Falcon after purchasing her in 1801 to avoid confusion with the pre-existing third rate Diadem. Falcon served in the north Atlantic and the Channel, and then in Danish waters during the Gunboat War. She was sold in 1816. Her new owner renamed her Duke of Wellington and sailed her to the Indies under a license from the British East India Company. She was wrecked in 1820 at Batavia.

Gunboat War
The Gunboat War (Danish: Kanonbådskrigen, Norwegian: Kanonbåtskrigen, Swedish: Kanonbåtskriget; 1807–1814) was a naval conflict between Denmark–Norway and Great Britain supported by Sweden during the Napoleonic Wars. The war's name is derived from the Danish tactic of employing small gunboats against the materially superior Royal Navy. In Scandinavia it is seen as the later stage of the English Wars, whose commencement is accounted as the First Battle of Copenhagen in 1801.
Gwangnaru station
Gwangnaru Station is a station on the Seoul Subway Line 5 in Gwangjin-gu, Seoul. Its station subname is Presbyterian Univ. & Theological Seminary, where said university is nearby Exit 2.

The platform is a two-sided, two-line curved platform with screen doors.

Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary
The Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary (PUTS) is a university and seminary located in the Gwangjin District, Seoul, South Korea. PUTS is affiliated with the Presbyterian Church of Korea. Its school motto is Pietatis et Scientia ("Piety and Knowledge").
Apostolic Prefecture of Lixian
The Apostolic Prefecture of Lixian is Latin rite pre-diocesan jurisdiction of the Catholic Church with seat in Lixian (Li County, Hunan), central China.

It is exempt, i.e. directly dependent on the Holy See (not part of any ecclesiastical province), and on its missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

No statistics available. It borders on its mother diocese Changde and those of Yuanling 沅陵 and Yichang 宜昌 as well as on the Apostolic Prefecture of Shashi 沙市 and Apostolic Prefecture of Yueyang 岳陽.

It is vacant, under an Apostolic administrator since 2012.

Shashi, Jingzhou
See Shashi for namesakes

Shashi (Chinese: 沙市; pinyin: Shāshì) is a district within the main urban area of Jingzhou, Hubei province, China. It is located on the left (northern) bank of the Yangtze River, between  Yichang and Wuhan.
All We Are
"All We Are" is a song composed by the German heavy metal band Warlock, from their 1987 album Triumph and Agony. It was released as the band's fourth single and published by Vertigo Records. A music video for the song was shot by director Mark Rezyka in the Los Angeles river basin and was on heavy rotation on MTV's heavy metal program Headbangers Ball. The song was published again in every compilation of Warlock songs and is a staple of Doro's live shows to this day.

Mark Rezyka
Mark Rezyka (born 11 June 1959 in Montreal, Canada) was best known as a top director of heavy metal music videos in the 1980s and 1990s. With partners Marcelo Epstein and Dominic Orlando, he founded Pendulum Productions in 1982, and directed over 300 music videos over the next 15 years. Artists included Quiet Riot, Kiss, Ratt, Cinderella, Whitesnake, Survivor, Foreigner, Cheap Trick, and Joan Jett, among others.

Rezyka wrote and directed TV commercials and TV shows, including The CBS Fall Campaign 2004, Gatorade, Jovan, Ford, General Motors, The Hitchhiker and "Monsters". He also wrote and directed the feature film South of Reno, and won the best cinematography prize for his work on 14 Ways to Wear Lipstick  at the 2002 Slam Dance festival.

In 2005, Rezyka executive produced the CD/DVDs Spin the Bottle: an All-Star Tribute to Kiss and AC/DC: We Salute You.
Sumner, Oklahoma
Sumner is an unincorporated community and census-designated place located in Noble County, Oklahoma, United States, ten miles east of Perry and two miles north of U.S. Route 64. Established prior to statehood along the St. Louis-San Francisco Railway, the post office opened on May 23, 1894. The town was named for Henry T. Sumner, a businessman from Perry. Per the 1905 Oklahoma Territorial Census, Sumner had sixty-four residents. The post office closed July 27, 1957.

As of the 2020 census, Sumner had a population of 35. At its peak the town had a  bank, post office, two churches, a school, a grain elevator, and a train stop. Currently, the only significant buildings still in use are the Baptist church, the Christian church and the school.

Perry, Oklahoma
Perry is a city in and the county seat of Noble County, Oklahoma, United States. As of the 2020 census, Perry had a population of 4,484. The city is home of Ditch Witch construction equipment manufacture.
Kauf MICH! (song)
"Kauf MICH!" (Buy ME!) is a song by Die Toten Hosen. It is the fourth single and the seventh track from the album Kauf MICH!. The single cover is designed to look like a typical washing powder box.

The uniqueness of the song lies in the fact that the narrator lyrically puts himself "on the market", coinciding with the theme of commercialism.

One of the b-sides, "Der heiße Draht", is based on an idea involving people calling and singing DTH songs over the phone. For the single, this was divided into three parts. On the re-release of Kauf MICH!, a best-of selection from these calls was made.

There is also an English version of the song, titled "Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is (Buy Me!)", which appeared on Love, Peace & Money.

Kauf MICH!
Kauf MICH! ("Buy ME!") is the ninth album by Die Toten Hosen, released in 1993. The LP is mainly a concept album dealing with consumerism and ultraconservatism. Along with the album's art and several songs addressing commerce, satirical advertisements and infomercials are interspersed among the music. In addition, the concept of right wing extremism as exemplified by ultraconservatism and neo-Nazism in the songs "Wilkommen in Deutschland" and "Sascha ...ein aufrechter Deutscher" is explored, which excited controversy during the time of the album's release. It was a best-selling album in Germany for 13 weeks in 1993, also selling well in Austria and Switzerland.

Tracks 6 & 8 are mock infomercials performed by Gerhard Polt and Gisela Schneeberger and directed by Hanns Christian Müller. "Wünsch DIR was" has an intro sung by the children's choir "Mosquito" from the music school in Meerbusch.
Guimerà
Guimerà (Catalan pronunciation: [gimeˈɾa]) is a municipality and village in the comarca of Urgell in the province of Lleida in Catalonia, Spain. The village, the only settlement in the municipality, is situated on the banks of the Corb river. The main part of the village is built up a hillside on the north bank of the river. It has a population of 250 (register office, 2025) .

Comarques of Catalonia
The comarques of Catalonia (singular comarca, Eastern Catalan: [kuˈmarkə], Western Catalan: [koˈmaɾka]), often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia. Each comarca comprises a number of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the United States. Currently, Catalonia is divided into 42 comarques and Aran, considered a "unique territorial entity" and not a comarca.

Each comarca has a representative county council (Catalan: consell comarcal), except for Barcelonès, which abolished it in 2019, and Aran, which instead has the Conselh Generau d'Aran.

Comarques form the second-level administrative division within Catalonia, being a subdivision of vegueries (or provinces at state level).
Ballet
Ballet (French: [balɛ]) is a type of performance dance that originated during the Italian Renaissance in the fifteenth century and later developed into a concert dance form in France and Russia. It has since become a widespread and highly technical form of dance with its own vocabulary. Ballet has been influential globally and has defined the foundational techniques which are used in many other dance genres and cultures. Various schools around the world have incorporated their own cultures. As a result, ballet has evolved in distinct ways.

A ballet as a unified work comprises the choreography and music for a ballet production. Ballets are choreographed and performed by trained ballet dancers. Traditional classical ballets are usually performed with classical music accompaniment and use elaborate costumes and staging, whereas modern ballets are often performed in simple costumes and without elaborate sets or scenery.

Académie Royale de Danse
The Académie Royale de Danse was a former dance academy founded by Letters Patent on the initiative of King Louis XIV of France in March 1661. It was the first dance institution established in the Western world.
Wojciech Tkacz
Wojciech Maciej Tkacz (born 14 May 1969) is a Polish former ice hockey player. He played for GKS Katowice, Mora IK, Unia Oświęcim, and GKS Tychy during his career. He also played for the Polish national team at the 1992 Winter Olympics, and multiple World Championships. In 1991 Tkacz led the Polish league in scoring.

Mora IK
Mora IK (or Mora Ishockeyklubb) is a Swedish professional ice hockey club from Mora in northern Dalarna. After failing the 2019 SHL qualifiers, Mora has been relegated for play in the second-tier league, HockeyAllsvenskan. Mora has previously played 25 seasons in the top tier, including four seasons in Elitserien (as the SHL was called at the time).  The team has reached the finals of the Swedish Championships only once, in 1950, a match which they lost 7–2 to Djurgårdens IF.  Mora has played in the top two tiers of Swedish hockey since the 1944–45 season.
Paikea
Paikea is a notable ancestor who originated in Hawaiki according to Māori tradition. He is particularly known to tribes with origins in the Gisborne District such as Ngāti Porou, and Ngāi Tahu. Paikea is the name assumed by Kahutia-te-rangi because he was assisted by a whale to survive an attempt on his life by his half-brother Ruatapu.

On the island of Aitutaki, he is also known as a brother of Ruatapu, but is not as famous as him. In an account, probably from the Kāti Kurī hapū of Ngāi Tahu, the family lived on Mangaia.

Hapū
In Māori and New Zealand English, a hapū ("subtribe", or "clan") functions as "the basic political unit within Māori society".  A Māori person can belong to or have links to many hapū. Historically, each hapū had its own chief and normally operated independently of its iwi (tribe).
1973 Rothmans Canadian Open – Men's singles
The 1973 Rothmans Canadian Open – Men's singles was an event of the 1973 Rothmans Canadian Open tennis tournament that was played at the Toronto Lawn Tennis Club in Toronto in Canada rom August 20 through August 26, 1973. The draw comprised 64 players and 16 players were seeded. Ilie Năstase was the defending champion but did not participate in this edition. Third-seeded Tom Okker won the singles title, defeating fourth-seeded Manuel Orantes in the final, 6–3, 6–2, 6–1. He earned $15,000 first-prize money as well as 60 ranking points which moved him into third position on the Grand Prix ranking.

Ilie Năstase
Ilie Theodoriu Năstase (Romanian: [iˈli.e nəsˈtase] ⓘ; born 19 July 1946) is a Romanian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the inaugural world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 40 weeks. Năstase is one of ten players to have won over 100 total ATP-level titles, with 64 in singles and 45 in doubles,  among which seven majors: two in singles, three in men's doubles and two in mixed doubles. He also won four Masters Grand Prix year-end championships. He was the first professional sports figure to sign an endorsement contract with Nike, doing so in 1972. Năstase also wrote several novels in French in the 1980s, and was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1991.
Anjir
Anjir is a village in Afghanistan, about seven miles south of Chayab. At the turn of the 20th century, there were roughly 40 families there. There are roads there leading to Yang Kala by the Anjirak Pass, as well as another road to Daung and Ragh.

Fayzabad District, Badakhshan
Fayzabad District (Dari: فیض‌آباد) is one of 30 districts that comprise Badakhshan province, in northeastern Afghanistan. The city of Fayzabad serves as its capital. In 2005, several portions of the district were sub-divided to create several new districts within the province. The remaining portion is home to approximately 75,577 residents, who are mostly peasants.
Club Águilas del Sur
Club Atlético Águilas del Sur initialed CAAS is a track and field athletics club based in the city of Santa Rosa of the  Misiones department in Paraguay.  The club is affiliated with the Federación Paraguaya de Atletismo.  Since 2015, the voluntary coach of Japanese nationality, Jun Mizushima, is working in the city of Santa Rosa on behalf of the Federación Paraguaya de Atletismo and the Secretaria Nacional de Deportes and wants to strengthen Paraguay in the disciplines of throwing hammer and discus.

Departments of Paraguay
Paraguay consists of 17 departments (Spanish: departamentos; singular – departamento) and one capital district (distrito capital). The country is divided into two non-official regions: The "Occidental Region" or Chaco (Boquerón, Alto Paraguay and Presidente Hayes), and the "Oriental Region" or Parana (other departments and the capital district).
Allium nutans
Allium nutans, English common name Siberian chives or blue chives, is a species of onion native to  European Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Tibet, Xinjiang, and Asiatic Russia (Altay Krai, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, Western Siberia, Amur Oblast). It grows in wet meadows and other damp locations.

Allium nutans has one or two bulbs up to 1.5 to 2.0 cm (5⁄8 to 3⁄4 in) in diameter. Scapes are winged and 2-angled, 30 to 60 cm (12 to 24 in) tall. Leaves are flat, tapering at both ends, 6 to 10 mm (0.24 to 0.39 in) wide at the widest spot (rarely to 15 mm or 0.59 in), about half as long as the scapes. Umbels are spherical, with many pink to pale purple flowers.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.