hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Archbold Criminal Pleading, Evidence and Practice
Archbold Criminal Pleading, Evidence and Practice (usually called simply Archbold) is a leading practitioners' text book for the practice of criminal law in the Crown Court of England and Wales.  It is also referred to and used in several other common law jurisdictions around the world.

Archbold has been in publication since 1822, when it was first written by John Frederick Archbold. It is currently published by Sweet & Maxwell, a subsidiary of Thomson Reuters. Forty-three revisions were published prior to 1992 and since then it has been published annually. Its authority is such that it is often quoted in court.

The team of authors is made up of experienced solicitors, barristers, King's Counsel and judges.

Thomson Reuters
Thomson Reuters Corporation (/ˈrɔɪtərz/ ⓘ ROY-tərz) is a Canadian multinational content-driven technology conglomerate. The company was founded in Toronto, Ontario, and maintains its headquarters in the city at 19 Duncan Street.

Thomson Reuters was created by the Thomson Corporation's purchase of the British company Reuters Group on 17 April 2008. It is majority-owned by the Woodbridge Company, a holding company for the Thomson family of Canada.
Umberto Romano (artist)
Umberto Romano (1906–1982) was an Italian-born American painter who settled in Cape Ann. His early style has been described as classic modern, while his later works are characterized as abstract expressionist.

Works by Romano are held at the Corcoran Gallery of Art, the Fogg Art Museum in Boston, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Smithsonian Institution, and the Whitney Museum.

Corcoran Gallery of Art
The Corcoran Gallery of Art was an art museum in Washington, D.C., at the location where the Corcoran School of the Arts and Design, a part of the George Washington University, is now.

Founded in 1869 by philanthropist William Wilson Corcoran, the gallery was one of the earliest public art museums in the United States.  It held an important collection that became concentrated in American art. In 1890, it started its art school. Its Beaux-Arts style building on The Ellipse was opened in 1897. Due to a prolonged economic shortfall, the Gallery failed in October 2014; pursuant to its founding charter, its art school and building transferred to GWU and the 19,456 works in its collection were distributed to other public museums and institutions in Washington, D.C., primarily the National Gallery of Art.
Chionodes retiniella
Chionodes retiniella is a moth in the family Gelechiidae first described by William Barnes and August Busck in 1920. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Idaho, Wyoming, Nevada, British Columbia, Washington, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona and California.

The wingspan is 18–21 mm. The forewings are white, heavily overlaid with light ocherous scales, which only leaves the white ground color exposed on a very diffused outwardly oblique fascia from the basal fourth of the costa to the basal third of the dorsum, on a similarly ill-defined transverse fascia across the middle of the wing and on a somewhat better defined transverse fascia at apical fourth. The hindwings are silvery fuscous.

The larvae feed on Pinus ponderosa, Pinus sabiniana and Tsuga heterophylla.

Pinus sabiniana
Pinus sabiniana (sometimes spelled P. sabineana) is a pine endemic to California in the United States. Its vernacular names include towani pine, foothill pine, gray pine, ghost pine, and bull pine. The name digger pine was historically used but includes a racial slur.
2016 Kyoto 3rd district by-election
A by-election for the Kyoto-3rd seat in the Japanese House of Representatives was held on 24 April 2016, coinciding with the by-election in Hokkaido. The seat became vacant after sitting member Kensuke Miyazaki resigned on 12 February 2016 in the midst of an extramarital affair scandal. Miyazaki, a member of the Liberal Democratic Party, served the district from 2012. He defeated Democratic Party MP Kenta Izumi by slim margins in the 2012 (0.1%) and 2014 (2.7%) elections.

Izumi managed to wrest back his old seat by a landslide, eclipsing his nearest rival by 45 percentage points.

Democratic Party (Japan, 2016)
The Democratic Party (民進党, Minshintō; DP) was a political party in Japan. It was the largest opposition party in Japan from 2016 until it lost its seats in the House of Representatives in 2017. The party was founded on 27 March 2016 from the merger of the Democratic Party of Japan and the Japan Innovation Party. The majority of the party split away on 28 September 2017, before the 2017 general election. Many of its members contested the 2017 election as candidates for the Party of Hope, Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan or as party members without nomination. On 7 May 2018 the DP merged with the Party of Hope to form the Democratic Party For the People.
Ōhara Yūgaku
Ōhara Yūgaku (大原幽学; April 13, 1797 – April 21, 1858) was a 19th-century Japanese agronomist, philosopher, moralist and economist. Contemporary with the more famous Ninomiya Sontoku, he combined three strands of traditional teachings — Buddhism, Shinto and Confucianism  into practical ethical principles which he applied to form an agricultural cooperative in 1838.

Agronomy
Agronomy is the science and technology of producing and using plants by agriculture for food, fuel, fiber, chemicals, recreation, or land conservation. Agronomy has come to include research of plant genetics, plant physiology, meteorology, and soil science. It is the application of a combination of sciences such as biology, chemistry, economics, ecology, earth science, and genetics. Professionals in the field are known as agronomists.
Aghagurty
Aghagurty (Irish: Áth an Ghorta) is a townland in County Offaly, Ireland. It is approximately 1.5 square kilometres (0.6 sq mi) in area. Aghagurty was the ancestral home of Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the only Catholic signatory of the American Declaration of Independence, whose grandfather, Charles Carroll the Settler, is believed to have been born in the locality—his father being known as Daniel Carroll of Aghagurty and Littermurna.

County Offaly
County Offaly (/ˈɒfəli/; Irish: Contae Uíbh Fhailí) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Eastern and Midland Region and the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient Kingdom of Uí Failghe. It was formerly known as King's County, in honour of Philip II of Spain. Offaly County Council is the local authority for the county. The county population was 82,668 at the 2022 census.
Mamba (surname)
Mamba is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alberto Mamba (born 1994), Mozambican middle-distance runner

Manuel Mamba (born 1958), Filipino politician

Mzwandile Mamba (born 1981), Swazi politician

Ndumiso Mamba, Swazi government minister

Priscilla Mamba (born 1972), Swazi long-distance runner

Virginie Mamba (born 1980), Democratic Republic of the Congo handball player

Priscilla Mamba
Priscilla Innocentia Lungile Mamba (born 4 January 1972) is a Swaziland athlete. She competed for Swaziland at the 2000 Summer Olympics in the Women's 5000 metres event. She finished 16th of 17 competitors in her heat and did not advance to the final. She also competed at the 1991, 1999 and the 2003 World Championships.
Aptilosia
Aptilosia is a monotypic moth genus in the subfamily Arctiinae. Its only species, Aptilosia crocea, is found in Costa Rica and Panama. Both the genus and species were first described by William Schaus in 1911.

William Schaus
William Schaus (January 11, 1858, in New York City – June 20, 1942) was an American entomologist who became known for his major contribution to the knowledge and description of new species of the Neotropical Lepidoptera.
Tab (interface)
In interface design, a tab is a graphical user interface object that allows multiple documents or panels to be contained within a single window, using tabs as a navigational widget for switching between sets of documents. It is an interface style most commonly associated with web browsers, web applications, text editors, and preference panels, with window managers and tiling window managers.

Tabs are modeled after traditional card tabs inserted in paper files or card indexes (in keeping with the desktop metaphor). They are usually graphically displayed on webpages or apps as they look on paper.

Tabs may appear in a horizontal bar or as a vertical list. Horizontal tabs may have multiple rows. In some cases, tabs may be reordered or organized into multiple rows through drag and drop interactions. Implementations may support opening an existing tab in a separate window or range-selecting multiple tabs for moving, closing, or separating them.

NeWS
NeWS (Network extensible Window System) is a discontinued windowing system developed by Sun Microsystems in the mid-1980s. Originally known as "SunDew", its primary authors were James Gosling and David S. H. Rosenthal. The NeWS interpreter was based on PostScript (as was the later Display PostScript, although the two projects were otherwise unrelated) extending it to allow interaction and multiple "contexts" to support windows. Like PostScript, NeWS could be used as a complete programming language, but unlike PostScript, NeWS could be used to make complete interactive programs with mouse support and a GUI.
Abertura
Abertura is a municipality in the province of Cáceres and autonomous community of Extremadura, Spain. The municipality covers an area of 62.71 square kilometres (24.21 sq mi) and as of 2011 it had a population of 447 people.

Province of Cáceres
The province of Cáceres (Spanish: provincia de Cáceres; Portuguese: província de Cáceres; Extremaduran: provincia de Caçris; Fala: provincia de Cáciris) is a province of western Spain, and makes up the northern half of the autonomous community of Extremadura. Its capital is the city of Cáceres. Other cities in the province include Plasencia, Coria, Navalmoral de la Mata, and Trujillo, the birthplace of Francisco Pizarro González. As of 2024, the province had 388,652 inhabitants, of whom a quarter lived in the capital. The Tagus river runs through the province.
Kristina Andersson
Kristina Andersson (born 20 May 1965) is a Swedish former alpine skier who competed in the 1988 Winter Olympics, 1992 Winter Olympics, and 1994 Winter Olympics.

She won one World Cup competition, a slalom competition in Maribor, Slovenia.

Maribor
Maribor (UK: /ˈmærɪbɔːr/ MARR-ib-or, US: /ˈmɑːr-/ MAR-, Slovene: [ˈmáːɾibɔɾ] ⓘ; also known by other historical names) is the second-largest city in Slovenia and the largest city of the traditional region of Lower Styria. It is the seat of the Urban Municipality of Maribor and the Drava Statistical Region. Maribor is also the economic, administrative, educational, and cultural centre of eastern Slovenia.

Maribor was first mentioned as a castle in 1164, as a settlement in 1209, and as a city in 1254. Like most Slovene ethnic territory, Maribor was under Habsburg rule until 1918, when Rudolf Maister and his men secured the city for the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, which then joined the Kingdom of Serbia to form the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In 1991 Maribor became part of independent Slovenia.

Maribor, along with the Portuguese city of Guimarães, was selected as the European Capital of Culture for 2012.
USS Claude V. Ricketts
USS Biddle/Claude V. Ricketts (DD-995/DDG-5), was a Charles F. Adams-class guided missile destroyer of the United States Navy.  She was the third US Naval ship named after Nicholas Biddle, one of the first five captains of the Continental Navy.

Originally to be designated as DD-955, the ship was laid down as DDG-5 by the New York Shipbuilding Corporation at Camden, New Jersey on 18 May 1959, launched on 4 June 1960 and commissioned as USS Biddle on 5 May 1962, at Philadelphia Naval Shipyard. Biddle was renamed to Claude V. Ricketts on 28 July 1964 in honor of Admiral Claude V. Ricketts, who had died on 6 July 1964.

New York Shipbuilding Corporation
The New York Shipbuilding Corporation (or New York Ship for short) was an American shipbuilding company that operated from 1899 to 1968, ultimately completing more than 500 vessels for the U.S. Navy, the United States Merchant Marine, the United States Coast Guard, and other maritime concerns. At its peak during World War II, NYSB was the largest and most productive shipyard in the world. Its best-known vessels include the destroyer USS Reuben James (DD-245), the cruiser USS Indianapolis (CA-35), the aircraft carrier USS Kitty Hawk (CV-63), the nuclear-powered cargo ship NS Savannah, and a quartet of cargo-passenger liners nicknamed the 4 Aces.
2019 Caribbean Series
The 2019 Caribbean Series (Serie del Caribe) was the 61st edition of the international competition featuring the champions of the Cuban National Series, Dominican Professional Baseball League, Mexican Pacific League, Puerto Rican Professional Baseball League, Panamanian Professional Baseball League, and Venezuelan Professional Baseball League. It took place from February 4 to 10, 2019, at Estadio Nacional de Panamá in Panama City, Panama. The series was originally set to be hosted in Barquisimeto, Venezuela, but for the second consecutive year had to be moved to an alternate location. This was due primarily to security concerns stemming from the 2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis.

The Toros de Herrera won the tournament, becoming the first team from Panama to win since the Carta Vieja Yankees in 1950. It was Panama's first appearance in a Caribbean Series since 1960.

Liga de Béisbol Profesional Roberto Clemente
The Roberto Clemente Professional Baseball League (Spanish:  Liga de Béisbol Profesional Roberto Clemente, abbreviation LBPRC) is the main professional baseball league in Puerto Rico; it is colloquially referred to as the Puerto Rican Winter League. Consisting of six teams as of the 2023–24 season, the league's champion participates in the Caribbean Series.

The league was founded as Liga de Béisbol Profesional de Puerto Rico in 1938. In 2007, the league suspended operations for the first time since its creation; it resumed operations in 2008 after restructuring and changing its name to Puerto Rico Baseball League (PRBL). In May 2012, the league debuted its current name, choosing to honor Baseball Hall of Fame inductee Roberto Clemente by naming it after him and adopting his philosophy of athletic development.
WCDC (AM)
WCDC (950 AM) is an noncommercial radio station licensed to Moncks Corner, South Carolina, United States, and serves the Charleston metropolitan area. It carries a Christian radio format, owned and operated by Moody Radio via The Moody Bible Institute of Chicago.

WCDC programming is also heard on low-power FM translator W299CY on 107.7 MHz.

Charleston metropolitan area, South Carolina
The Charleston metropolitan area is an urban area centered around Charleston, South Carolina. The U.S. Office of Management and Budget designates the area as the Charleston-North Charleston, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, a metropolitan statistical area used for statistical purposes only by the United States Census Bureau and other federal agencies. The OMB defines the area as comprising Berkeley, Charleston and Dorchester counties, an area with 799,636 residents in the 2020 census.  Principal cities include Charleston, North Charleston, and Summerville. The area is commonly referred to as the Tri-County Area or the Lowcountry, though the latter term has historically referred to South Carolina's southern coast in general.
Bolshiye Luki (Novosibirsk Oblast)
Bolshiye Luki (Russian: Большие Луки) is a rural locality (village) in Bagansky District, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia. It is part of the Paletsky Village Council.

Population:  206 (2010 Census); 269 (2002 Census);

Bagansky District
Bagansky District (Russian: Бага́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty in Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 3,367.73 square kilometers (1,300.29 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Bagan. Population: 16,627 (2010 Census);  18,457 (2002 Census); 18,922 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Bagan accounts for 33.1% of the district's total population.
Ettore Fieramosca (1938 film)
Ettore Fieramosca is a 1938 Italian historical film directed by Alessandro Blasetti and starring Gino Cervi, Mario Ferrari and Elisa Cegani. It is adapted from the 1833 novel of the same title by Massimo D'Azeglio, based on the life of the 16th century condottiero Ettore Fieramosca.

Alessandro Blasetti
Alessandro Blasetti (3 July 1900 – 1 February 1987) was an Italian film director and screenwriter who influenced Italian neorealism with the film Four Steps in the Clouds. Blasetti was one of the leading figures in Italian cinema during the Fascist era. He is sometimes known as the "father of Italian cinema" because of his role in reviving the struggling industry in the late 1920s.
Shennongjia Hongping Airport
Shennongjia Hongping Airport (IATA: HPG, ICAO: ZHSN) is an airport serving the Shennongjia forestry district in the west of Hubei province. It is located in the town of Hongping. Construction started in April 2011 with a total investment of over 1 billion yuan. The airport was opened on 8 May 2014, with an inaugural China Eastern Airlines flight from Shanghai Pudong International Airport with a stop in Wuhan Tianhe International Airport.

At an elevation of 2,580 metres (8,460 ft) above sea level, Shennongjia Airport is the highest airport in China outside the Tibetan Plateau. The airport attracted controversy in China when the media reported that its construction involved significant damage to the environment, as many hills were leveled and caves filled in the Shennongjia natural preserve.

China Eastern Airlines
China Eastern Airlines (branded as China Eastern) is a major airline in China, headquartered in Changning, Shanghai. It is one of the three major airlines in the country, along with Air China and China Southern Airlines.

China Eastern's main hubs are Shanghai Pudong International Airport and Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport, both located in Shanghai. In terms of passenger traffic, it is the country's second largest airline after China Southern Airlines. In 2021, its operational revenue was 67,127 million RMB with assets totaling 286,548 million RMB. China Eastern (along with its subsidiary Shanghai Airlines) became the 14th member of SkyTeam on June 21, 2011.
Zwickau–Schwarzenberg railway
The Zwickau–Schwarzenberg railway is a main line railway in the German state of Saxony. It extends from Zwickau through the valleys of the Zwickauer Mulde and the Schwarzwasser via Bad Schlema and Aue to Schwarzenberg. It opened in 1858 and it is one of the oldest railways in Germany. It is now served by Regionalbahn trains, operated by Erzgebirgsbahn (a subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn) between Zwickau and Johanngeorgenstadt.

Schwarzwasser (Mulde)
The Schwarzwasser (in German) or Černá (in Czech) is a river in Germany and the Czech Republic. The name means 'black'. It is a right tributary of the Zwickauer Mulde in the German state of Saxony. It flows through Schwarzenberg.
College of Flying Training
The College of Flying Training (CFT) is located at Risalpur, Nowshera District, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The College is a constituent unit of the Pakistan Air Force Academy and affiliated with Air University (Islamabad) since 24 August, 2010. College of Flying training consists of four flying training squadrons, which include Basic Flying Training squadron, Primary Flying Training squadron, Advance Jet Training squadron, and Flying Instructor School.

Risalpur
Risalpur (Pashto/Urdu: رسالپور) is a city in Nowshera District, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, on the Nowshera-Mardan Road. It is nearly 45 km from Peshawar and 18 km from Mardan and is located at 34°4'52N 71°58'21E. In a basin some 316 meters above sea level, it is bounded on the south and west by the Kabul and Kalpani rivers, respectively. The famous Khyber Pass lies 90 kilometers to the north.

Risalpur is known as "Home of Eagles" and "Home of Sappers". It has several important educational institutions and industrial plants. Languages spoken here are Urdu, English, Pashto, and others.

The Risalpur Export Processing Zone is on the main Nowshera-Mardan road. The Risalpur Cantonment itself lies on high ground, some 30 feet above the surrounding area, with the oldest building dating from 1913 or 1914. The population that mostly lives here are from mixed Pushtoon tribes.
Bobby Jones: Stroke of Genius
Bobby Jones: Stroke of Genius is a 2004 biographical sports drama film directed and co-written by Rowdy Herrington. The film is based on the life of golfer Bobby Jones, the only player in the sport to win all four of the men's major golf championships in a single season (1930, an era when the majors were The Amateur Championship in Britain, the U.S. Amateur, The Open Championship, and the U.S. Open). The film was the first motion picture concerning The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews that was given permission to film on location..

The film is Herrington's most recent film, as of April 2025.

U.S. Open (golf)
The United States Open Championship, commonly known as the U.S. Open, is the annual open national championship of golf in the United States. It is the third of the four men's major golf championships, and is on the official schedule of both the PGA Tour and the European Tour. Since 1898 the competition has been 72 holes of stroke play (4 rounds on an 18-hole course), with the winner being the player with the lowest total number of strokes. It is staged by the United States Golf Association (USGA) in mid-June, scheduled so that, if there are no weather delays, the final round is played on the third Sunday. The U.S. Open is staged at a variety of courses, set up in such a way that scoring is very difficult, with a premium placed on accurate driving. As of 2024, the U.S. Open awards a $21.5 million purse, the largest of all four major championships.
Norman Ault
Thomas Norman Ault (17 December 1880 – 6 February 1950) was a book illustrator and writer, now best known as a compiler of anthologies.

He wrote children's literature with his wife (He)Lena, who died in 1904. He later was noted as a scholar of English poetry of the seventeenth century, and Alexander Pope.

Alexander Pope
Alexander Pope (21 May 1688 O.S. – 30 May 1744) was an English poet, translator, and satirist of the Enlightenment era who is considered one of the most prominent English poets of the early 18th century. An exponent of Augustan literature,  Pope is best known for his satirical and discursive poetry including An Essay on Criticism (1711), The Rape of the Lock (1712–1717), The Dunciad (1728–1743), and for his translations of Homer.

Pope is often quoted in The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations, some of his verses having entered common parlance (e.g. "damning with faint praise" or "to err is human; to forgive, divine").
Heintze
Heintze is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

August Heintze (1881–1941), Swedish botanist

Horst Heintze (1927–1997), German politician

Jan Heintze (born 1963), Danish football player

Marion Heintze (born 1954), German chess master

Roland Heintze (born 1973), German politician

Wilhelm Heintze (1849–1895), Swedish organist, music educator, and music conductor

Horst Heintze
Horst Heintze (15 August 1927 – 14 December 1997) was a German trades union official and politician.   Through the union movement he rose to become a member of the People's Chamber (Volkskammer) in the German Democratic Republic and, from 1963, a member of the powerful Party Central Committee.   He was unusual in rising this far through the power structure of the country despite having been a Nazi Party member in his youth.