hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Henry MacKinnon
Major-General Henry MacKinnon (August 1773 – 19 January 1812), was a British soldier.  He commanded the 45th Regiment of Foot, 74th (Highland) Regiment of Foot, and 88th Regiment of Foot in the Napoleonic Peninsular War under the Duke of Wellington.  He was killed by the explosion of an enemy magazine during the Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo on 19 January 1812.

Prior to the Napoleonic wars, MacKinnon had a cordial acquaintance with Napoleon Bonaparte while the former's father resided in the French Province of Dauphiny when Napoleon was a frequent visitor to the region.

74th (Highland) Regiment of Foot
The 74th (Highland) Regiment of Foot was a British Army line infantry regiment, raised in 1787. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 71st (Highland) Regiment of Foot to form the Highland Light Infantry in 1881.
Thought stopping
Thought stopping is a cognitive self-control skill that can be used to counter dysfunctional or distressing thoughts, by interrupting sequences or chains of problem responses. When used with cognitive behavioral therapy, it can act as a distraction, preventing an individual from focusing on their negative thought. Patients can replace a problematic thought with a positive one in order to reduce anxiety and worry. The procedure uses learning principles, such as counterconditioning and punishment. Thought stopping can be prescribed to address depression, panic, anxiety and addiction, among other afflictions that involve obsessive thought.

Panic
Panic is a sudden sensation of fear, which is so strong as to dominate or prevent reason and logical thinking, replacing it with overwhelming feelings of anxiety, uncertainty and frantic agitation consistent with a fight-or-flight reaction. Panic may occur singularly in individuals or manifest suddenly in large groups as mass panic (closely related to herd behavior).
San Juan de Dios Church (San Rafael)
San Juan de Dios Parish Church, commonly known as San Rafael Church, is an 18th-century Roman Catholic church situated in Brgy. Poblacion, in San Rafael, Bulacan, Philippines. It is under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Malolos. Its titular patron is St. John of God; Saint Raphael, archangel, is the secondary patron saint. The church was the site of the Battle of San Rafael, wherein hundreds of retreating Filipino soldiers and civilians lost their lives during a battle with the Spanish on November 30, 1896. A historical marker by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines was installed in front of the church in 1997 to commemorate the massacre of an estimated 800 Filipinos.

National Historical Commission of the Philippines
The National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP; Filipino: Pambansang Komisyong Pangkasaysayan ng Pilipinas) is a government agency of the Philippines. Its mission is "the promotion of Philippine history and cultural heritage through research, dissemination, conservation, sites management and heraldry works." As such, it "aims to inculcate awareness and appreciation of the noble deeds and ideals of our heroes and other illustrious Filipinos, to instill pride in the Filipino people and to rekindle the Filipino spirit through the lessons of history."
Žan Celar
Žan Celar (born 14 March 1999) is a Slovenian professional footballer who plays as a forward for 2. Bundesliga club Fortuna Düsseldorf, on loan from EFL Championship club Queens Park Rangers, and the Slovenia national team.

Fortuna Düsseldorf
Düsseldorfer Turn- und Sportverein Fortuna 1895 e.V., commonly known as Fortuna Düsseldorf (pronounced [fɔʁˈtuːna ˈdʏsl̩dɔʁf] ⓘ) or Fortuna 95, is a German football club based in Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, that competes in the 2. Bundesliga.

Founded in 1895, Fortuna entered the league in 1913 and was a fixture in the top flight from the early 1920s up to the creation of the Bundesliga in 1963. Fortuna captured one German championship in 1933 and two German cup DFB-Pokal wins in 1979 and 1980. Their greatest feat in European competition was a Cup Winners Cup final in 1979 where they lost to Barcelona.
Gianfrancesco da Tolmezzo
Gianfrancesco da Tolmezzo, also known as Gianfranco del Zotto, was born in Socchieve and lived from 1450 to 1510. He is considered to be one of the founders of the Tolmezzo school of painting and was one of the leading exponents of Friulian art in the 15th century (the quattrocento in Italian). Works of his survive at the parish church of Provesano in San Giorgio della Richinvelda, and at Castel d'Aviano, Budoia, Pordenone, Cordenons, Vivaro, Forni di Sotto, Forni di Sopra, and his birth town of Socchieve.

The 12th-century church at San Nicolò di Comelico contains frescoes by da Tolmezzo which were recently examined by art historian Andrew Graham-Dixon in the BBC Two television programme Italy Unpacked.

Forni di Sopra
Forni di Sopra (Friulian: For Disore, in the local Fornes dialect For Disora) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, northeast Italy. It is located on the Dolomite Alps mountain range in northeastern Italy, at the top of the Tagliamento river valley.

Forni di Sopra is the third most visited settlement by tourists in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, and the most visited mountain settlement in the region.  The town is most visited by tourists during the summer and in skiing season.
Nuh-bey Tarkovsky
Nuh-bey Khanovich Tarkovsky (15 May [O.S. 3 May] 1878 – 19 January 1951) was a North Caucasian military commander, prince and shamkhal. A descendant of the rulers of the Shamkhalate of Tarki, he was Minister of War of the Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus.

Golden Weapon for Bravery
The Gold Sword for Bravery (Russian: Золотое оружие "За храбрость") was a Russian award for bravery. It was set up with two grades on 27 July 1720 by Peter the Great, reclassified as a public order in 1807 and abolished in 1917. From 1913 to 1917 it was renamed the Saint George Sword (Георгиевское оружие) and considered one of the grades of the Order of St. George.
HD 88133
HD 88133 is a yellow star with an orbiting exoplanet in the equatorial constellation of Leo. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 8.01, which is too faint to be visible to the naked eye. With a small telescope it should be easily visible. The distance to this system, as measured through parallax, is 240 light years, but it is slowly drifting closer with a radial velocity of −3.6 km/s.

This is classified as an ordinary G-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of G8V. However, D. A. Fischer and associates in 2005 listed a class of G5 IV, suggesting it is instead a subgiant star that is evolving away from the main sequence having exhausted the hydrogen at its core. It is about 5 billion years old and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 4.9 km/s. The star has 23% more mass than the Sun and has double the Sun's girth. It is radiating over three times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,414 K.

Subgiant
A subgiant is a star that is brighter than a normal main-sequence star of the same spectral class, but not as bright as  giant stars. The term subgiant is applied both to a particular spectral luminosity class and to a stage in the evolution of a star.
Li Lu (sprinter)
Li Lu (born December 9, 1994) is a Chinese Paralympic athlete who competes in 200 metres and 400 metres events in international level. She had her left arm amputated after touching an electrical transformer.

Para-athletics
Para-athletics is the sport of athletics practiced by people with a disability as a parasport. The athletics events within the parasport are mostly the same as those available to able-bodied people, with two major exceptions in wheelchair racing and the club throw, which are specific to the division. Certain able-bodied events are rarely contested as para-athletic events outside deaf sport; pole vault, triple jump, hammer (of which the club throw is sometimes considered the para-athletic equivalent) and the three hurdling events. The sport is known by various names, including disability athletics, disabled track and field and Paralympic athletics. Top-level competitors may be called elite athletes with disability.
Prodeinodon
Prodeinodon (meaning "before Deinodon") is a wastebasket taxon and a dubious genus of theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous (Barremian to Aptian stages) from the Xinlong Formation in the Napai Basin of China and from the Oosh Formation of Mongolia. Two species have been formally identified (with a third informal species), all three known only from tooth fragments, showing no diagnostic features, making them difficult to classify, though they may belong to a carnosaur. At least some of the referred species may represent basal carcharodontosaurid theropods similar to Acrocanthosaurus.

The type species, P. mongoliensis, was described by Henry Fairfield Osborn in 1924. A second species, P. kwangshiensis, was named in 1975. "P. tibetensis" has not been formally described, and it may have belonged to its own, separate genus.

Wastebasket taxon
Wastebasket taxon (also called a waste-bin taxon, dustbin taxon or catch-all taxon) is a term used by some taxonomists to refer to a taxon that has the purpose of classifying organisms that do not fit anywhere else. They are typically defined by either their designated members' often superficial similarity to each other, or their lack of one or more distinct character states or by their not belonging to one or more other taxa. Wastebasket taxa are by definition either paraphyletic or polyphyletic, and are therefore not considered valid taxa under strict cladistic rules of taxonomy. The name of a wastebasket taxon may in some cases be retained as the designation of an evolutionary grade, however.
Queen's Park Stadium (New Westminster)
Queen's Park Stadium is a multi-use stadium located within Queen's Park in New Westminster, British Columbia. Its primary use is for baseball and civic events, but it also sees usage as a training ground for a variety of other New Westminster sports clubs.

The stadium grounds are used for two of the main events of the annual Hyack Festival in New Westminster, the May Day dances, and the Anvil Battery Salute.

In 2014, the Vancouver Whitecaps FC soccer club attempted to reach an agreement with the City of New Westminster to rebuild/renovate Queen's Park stadium to be a suitable venue for their second team in the USL Pro league. The proposal was eventually rejected due to the city's unwillingness to make an eleven million dollar investment for the new facilities, alongside public opposition from residents of the Queen's Park neighbourhood, and the larger baseball community as a whole.

Anvil firing
Anvil firing (also known as anvil launching or anvil shooting) is the practice of firing an anvil into the air with gunpowder.

It is a traditional event held in New Westminster to celebrate Queen Victoria's birthday.

In the United Kingdom, the term refers to a method of testing anvils. Black powder was poured onto the top of the anvil and ignited. If the anvil did not shatter, it was deemed safe to use.
Dodecameric protein
A dodecameric protein has a quaternary structure consisting of 12 protein subunits in a complex. Dodecameric complexes can have a number of subunit 'topologies', but typically only a few of the theoretically possible subunit arrangements are observed in protein structures.

A dodecamer (protein) is a protein complex with 12 protein subunits.

A common subunit arrangement involves a tetrahedral distribution of subunit trimers (or 3-4-point symmetry). Another observed arrangement of subunits puts two rings of six subunits side by side along the sixfold axis (or 2-6-point symmetry).

Tetrahedron
In geometry, a tetrahedron (pl.: tetrahedra or tetrahedrons), also known as a  triangular pyramid, is a polyhedron composed of four triangular faces, six straight edges, and four vertices. The tetrahedron is the simplest of all the ordinary convex polyhedra.

The tetrahedron is the three-dimensional case of the more general concept of a Euclidean simplex, and may thus also be called a 3-simplex.

The tetrahedron is one kind of pyramid, which is a polyhedron with a flat polygon base and triangular faces connecting the base to a common point. In the case of a tetrahedron, the base is a triangle (any of the four faces can be considered the base), so a tetrahedron is also known as a "triangular pyramid".

Like all convex polyhedra, a tetrahedron can be folded from a single sheet of paper. It has two such nets.

For any tetrahedron there exists a sphere (called the circumsphere) on which all four vertices lie, and another sphere (the insphere) tangent to the tetrahedron's faces.
Chi Lăng district
Chi Lăng is a rural district of Lạng Sơn province in the Northeastern region of Vietnam. It is famous for many decisive battles at Chi Lăng pass in which the Vietnamese defeated the Chinese invaders.

As of 2003, the district had a population of 77,910. The district covers an area of 703 km2. The district capital lies at Đồng Mỏ.

Chi Lăng pass was the site of many battles between feudal Vietnam and northern armies. Lý Thường Kiệt, Trần Hưng Đạo and Lê Lợi were among the army leaders that won battles in the district. Nowadays, many streets and places across Vietnam are named after the Chi Lăng pass, most notably the Chi Lăng Stadium in Đà Nẵng and Chi Lăng Park in Ho Chi Minh City.

Lý Thường Kiệt
Lý Thường Kiệt (李常傑; 1019–1105), real name Ngô Tuấn (吳俊), was a Vietnamese general and admiral of the Lý dynasty. He served as an official through the reign of Lý Thái Tông, Lý Thánh Tông and Lý Nhân Tông and was a general during the Song–Lý War.

In Vietnamese history, he helped invade Champa (1069), raid the three Song dynasty provinces of Yongzhou, Qinzhou, Lianzhou (1075–1076), and defeat the Song invasion of Vietnam led by Gou Kui and Zhao Xie.
Sede, Ethiopia
Sedie (also known as Sedie Giyorgis) is a town and woreda in west-central Ethiopia. Located in the Misraq Gojjam Zone of the Amhara Region, it has a latitude and longitude of 10°57′N 37°53′E﻿ / ﻿10.950°N 37.883°E﻿ / 10.950; 37.883 and an elevation of 2555 meters above sea level.

The town was organized in the 1930s. Sedie woreda features four high school (in 2011 E.C),  and 3 clinic (tena tabia).

Based on figures from the Central Statistical Agency in 2005, this town has an estimated total population of 2,309, of whom 1,013 are men and 1,296 are women. The 1994 national census reported a total population for Sede of 1,345 in 408 households, of whom 533 were men and 812 were women. The majority of the inhabitants practiced Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, with 94.6% reporting that as their religion, while 5.4% were Muslim.

Amhara Region
The Amhara Region (Amharic: አማራ ክልል, romanized: Åmara Kilil), officially the Amhara National Regional State (Amharic: የአማራ ብሔራዊ ክልላዊ መንግሥት, romanized: yeämara bıħérawi kılılawi mengıct), is a regional state in northern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Amhara, Awi, Argobba, and Qemant people. Its capital is Bahir Dar which is the seat of the Regional Government of Amhara. Amhara is the site of the largest inland body of water in Ethiopia, Lake Tana (which is the source of the Blue Nile), Grand Renaissance Dam and Semien Mountains National Park (which includes Ras Dashan, the highest point in Ethiopia). Amhara is bordered by Sudan to the west and northwest and by these regions of Ethiopia: Tigray to the north, Afar to the east, Benishangul-Gumuz to southwest, and Oromia to the south. Towns and cities in Amhara include: Dessie, Gonder, Debre Birhan, Debre Tabor, Kombolcha, Weldiya, Debre Markos, Seqota, Kobo, and Metema. The Regions name is said to mean “noble” or “highland”.
Jenifer Alcorn
Jenifer Lynn Alcorn (born July 15, 1970) is an American retired, undefeated WIBA, IWBF, and IBA World Champion female professional boxer. She was inducted into the International Women's Boxing Hall of Fame in 2023.

Women's boxing
Although women have participated in boxing for almost as long as the sport has existed, female fights have been effectively outlawed for most of boxing's history until recently, with athletic commissioners refusing to sanction or issue licenses to women boxers, and most nations officially banning the sport. Reports of women entering the ring go back to the 18th century.
Nathania van Niekerk
Nathania van Niekerk (born 22 January 1999) is a South African swimmer. She competed in the women's 200 metre backstroke at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships and she did not advance to the semi-finals.

2019 World Aquatics Championships
The 2019 World Aquatics Championships were the 18th FINA World Aquatics Championships, held in Gwangju, South Korea from 12 to 28 July 2019. The city had previously hosted the 2015 Summer Universiade aquatics events in the same venues.
Lowering Gasoline Prices to Fuel an America That Works Act of 2014
The Lowering Gasoline Prices to Fuel an America That Works Act of 2014 (H.R. 4899) is a bill that would revise existing laws and policies regarding the development of oil and gas resources on the Outer Continental Shelf. The bill is intended to increase domestic energy production and lower gas prices.

The bill was introduced and passed in the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.

Mineral Leasing Act of 1920
The Mineral Leasing Act of 1920 30 U.S.C. § 181 et seq. is a United States federal law that authorizes and governs leasing of public lands for developing deposits of coal, petroleum, natural gas and other hydrocarbons, in addition to phosphates, sodium, sulfur, and potassium in the United States.  Previous to the act, these materials were subject to mining claims under the General Mining Act of 1872.
A Week Away
A Week Away is a 2021 American Christian musical romance film directed by Roman White. The film was written by Alan Powell, Kali Bailey, and Gabe Vasquez. The film's songs were produced and mixed by Adam Watts and co-produced by Cory Clark (the team also co-wrote the film's original songs with Powell).

The film stars Bailee Madison, Kevin Quinn, David Koechner, and Sherri Shepherd with cameos from Amy Grant and Steven Curtis Chapman. Producers for the film are Alan Powell, Gabe Vasquez, and Steve Barnett. The film premiered on March 26, 2021, on Netflix. The film introduces songs of Christian artists such as Michael W. Smith, Amy Grant, and Steven Curtis Chapman to a younger generation with modern renditions of songs like "The Great Adventure", "Dive", "Baby, Baby", and "Place in This World."

Adam Watts (musician)
Adam Watts (born Adam Matthew Watts; December 8, 1975) is an American music and visual artist.

His songwriting and productions are featured on over 50 Million Albums Sold Worldwide in both the mainstream and contemporary Christian music industries.

Most recently Watts was the Executive Music Producer on the Netflix Original Musical "A Week Away", serving as the producer, mixer, and co-writer of the film's songs.
Miss Kathmandu
Miss Kathmandu is a beauty pageant that selects the representative for the Kathmandu Valley in the Miss Nepal pageant. The current titleholder is Prinsha Shrestha, who is the reigning Miss Nepal Earth 2014.

Prinsha Shrestha
Prinsha Shrestha (born 11 September 1992) is a Nepalese model and beauty pageant titleholder was the first runner-up of Miss Nepal 2014. She then represented Nepal at Miss Earth 2014. Later, Prinsha Shrestha participated in Miss Eco Queen 2015 without The Hidden Treasure's consent. On April 5, 2015, Shrestha's title was revoked due to her bad conduct in participating in an international pageant without The Hidden Treasure's knowledge.

Shrestha had also worn the official Miss Earth sash during Miss Eco Queen, which caused Miss Earth to state that they would take action against those delegates who were wearing the official Miss Earth sash at Miss Eco Queen 2015.
My Nintendo Picross: The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess
My Nintendo Picross: The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess is a puzzle video game in the Picross e series, and a spin-off of the 2006 The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess, an entry in The Legend of Zelda series of action-adventure games. It was developed by Jupiter Corporation and published by Nintendo. The game was released on March 31, 2016, for the Nintendo 3DS eShop as a tie-in for Twilight Princess' HD remaster, and was available exclusively as a My Nintendo reward. Critics rated My Nintendo Picross positively for its value and presentation, but called some aspects of the game limited.

Tie-in
A tie-in work is a work of fiction or other product based on a media property such as a film, video game, television series, board game, website, role-playing game or literary property. Tie-ins are authorized by the owners of the original property, and are a form of cross-promotion used primarily to generate additional income from that property and to promote its visibility.
Sivak (surname)
Sivak is a Slavic-language surname derived from the nickname that refers to a man with gray hair, from the Slavic word sivy, gray, gray-haired.

Notable people with the surname include:

Jozef Sivák (1886–1959), Slovak politician

Martín Sivak (born 1975),  Argentine journalist and author

Nancy Sivak, Canadian actress

Peter Sivák (born 1982), Slovak ice hockey player

Václav Sivák (born 1999), Czech kickboxer

Jozef Sivák
Jozef Sivák (14 January 1886, in Bobrovec – 27 January 1959, in Bratislava) was the Prime Minister of the Autonomy Government of Slovakia of the Second Czechoslovak Republic from 9 March 1939 to 11 March 1939. He was a member of the HSĽS and the minister of education of the Nazi Slovak State from 1939 to 1944.
Edison Suárez
Edison Omar Suárez Frutos (born November 6, 1966, in Montevideo, Uruguay) is a former Uruguayan footballer who played for clubs in Uruguay, Spain, Chile and Colombia and the Uruguay national football team.

Danubio F.C.
Danubio Fútbol Club is a Uruguayan football club based in Jardines del Hipódromo, Montevideo that currently plays in the Uruguayan Primera División.

Founded in 1945, the club's home stadium is Jardines del Hipódromo, which has a capacity of 19,450.
Spartanburg Area Regional Transit Agency
Spartanburg Area Regional Transit Agency, commonly known as SPARTA, is the provider of mass transportation in Spartanburg County, South Carolina. Eight routes run from Monday through Saturday, providing rides for nearly 6,000 citizens per year.

Spartanburg County, South Carolina
Spartanburg County is a county located on the northwestern border of the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 327,997, making it the fifth-most populous county in South Carolina. Its county seat is Spartanburg. Spartanburg County is the largest county within the Spartanburg, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC Combined Statistical Area.