hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
José Pedro Galvão de Sousa
José Pedro Galvão de Sousa (January 6, 1912 – May 31, 1992) was a Brazilian philosopher, jurist, political theorist, and professor.

He founded the Faculty of Law of the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo, served as the University's vice-rector, and was director of the Cásper Líbero College.

An exponent of natural law and an interpreter of the Church's social doctrine, he participated in the Catholic cultural movement that blossomed in early-to-mid 20th-century Brazil, collaborating with many journals and helping found the Acção Universitária Católica.

Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo
The Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (Portuguese: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, PUC-SP), locally known as PUC or Catholic University (Universidade Católica), is a private and non-profit Catholic university. It is maintained by the Catholic Archdiocese of São Paulo. The university is also responsible for the St. Lucinda Hospital (Sorocaba) and the TUCA theatre (São Paulo)
Brisbane Marathon
The Brisbane Marathon was first run in 1992 and is Brisbane's only marathon distance running event. Other races in the marathon festival include a half marathon, a 10 km run, a 5 km run/walk and a children's 2 km 'mini marathon'.

The marathon course is IAAF-AIMS certified and accepted as a Boston Marathon qualifier.

The 2012 race saw more than 5,000 participants from 18 countries race along inner city streets. 2024 saw a milestone of over 10,000 participants across all events with over 8,700+ confirmed finishers.

There was no marathon in 2020. Entrants got automatic entry deferral to 2021 besides running a virtual race for no charge.

Association of International Marathons and Distance Races
The Association of International Marathons and Distance Races, also known as AIMS, is an association of the organisers of long-distance road running races. It was founded in 1982 at a meeting in London of marathon race directors. Its membership was extended in 1986 to include all road races. In June 2016, over 400 race organisations were members.
Nichols plot
The Nichols plot is a plot used in signal processing and control design, named after American engineer Nathaniel B. Nichols. It plots the phase response versus the response magnitude of a transfer function for any given frequency, and as such is useful in characterizing a system's frequency response.

Nathaniel B. Nichols
Nathaniel B. Nichols (1914–1997) was an American control engineer who made significant contributions to the field of control theory. He is well known for his book Theory of Servomechanisms, one of the most widely read books in control engineering.

Nichols received a B.S. in chemistry in 1936 from Central Michigan University, and an M.S. in physics from the University of Michigan in 1937.

He was President of the IEEE Control Systems Society in 1968 and the American Automatic Control Council in 1974 and in 1975; and a recipient of the Rufus Oldenburger Medal (1969) and the Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award (1980).
No Fear (Dej Loaf song)
"No Fear" is a song by American rapper-songwriter DeJ Loaf. The song was released on June 16, 2017, and became her fourth entry on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, on which it peaked at number 100. The single became Loaf's first top 10 hit on the Rhythmic Songs chart as a lead artist, and also placed within the top 50 on the year-end Billboard rankings of Rhythmic Songs and Hot R&B Songs.

Hot R&B Songs
Hot R&B Songs is a chart released weekly by Billboard in the United States. It lists the 25 most popular R&B songs, calculated weekly by airplay on All-Format radio stations, digital download sales and streaming data. It was established on October 11, 2012, as a way to highlight "the differences between pure R&B and rap titles in the overall, wide-ranging R&B/hip-hop field" and serves, along with the Rap Songs chart, as a distillation of the overall Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.
Mission Early College High School (California)
Mission Early College High School (MECHS) is a public secondary education and college immersion program in Santa Clara, California, United States that serves students in grades nine through twelve. MECHS is a dual enrollment partnership between the Santa Clara Unified School District (SCUSD) and the West Valley–Mission Community College District (WVMCCD). It is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC). In 2024, MECHS was one of nine schools to receive the California Exemplary Dual Enrollment Award.

Western Association of Schools and Colleges
The Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC (/wɒsk/ WOSK)) provided accreditation of public and private universities, colleges, secondary and elementary schools in California and Hawaii, the territories of Guam, American Samoa and Northern Marianas Islands, in addition to the Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Palau, the Pacific Rim, Peru, Czech Republic, Armenia, and East Asia.

Until 2012, WASC was a single organization with three units. In 2012, it separated into three organizations that share the WASC acronym:

The Accrediting Commission for Schools (ACS WASC)

The Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges (ACCJC)

The Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC)
David Brignull
David Brignull (born 27 November 1981 in Forest Gate, London) is an English cricket player. He formerly played for Leicestershire until 2005 after progressing through their academy.  Brignull is a medium-fast bowler who has represented his country at Under 19 level.

In 2006 he was signed by Shropshire in Minor Counties cricket. The following season he represented Cambridgeshire in Minor Counties cricket.  He is the nephew of former professional footballer Phil Brignull.

Forest Gate
Forest Gate is a sub-district of West Ham in the London Borough of Newham, East London, England. It is located 7 miles (11 km) northeast of Charing Cross.

The area's name relates to its position adjacent to Wanstead Flats, the southernmost part of Epping Forest. The town was historically part of the parish (and later borough) of West Ham in the hundred of Becontree in Essex. Since 1965, Forest Gate has been part of the London Borough of Newham, a local government district of Greater London. The town forms the majority of the London E7 postcode district.

Neighbouring areas include Leytonstone to the north, East Ham to the east, Plaistow to the south and Stratford to the west.
1998 Hertsmere Borough Council election
The 1998 Hertsmere Borough Council election took place on 7 May 1998 to elect members of Hertsmere Borough Council in Hertfordshire, England. This was on the same day as other local elections.

One third of the council was up for election and the Labour party stayed in overall control of the council.

1998 United Kingdom local elections
The 1998 United Kingdom local elections were held on Thursday 7 May 1998. All London borough council seats were elected as well a third of the seats on each of the Metropolitan Boroughs. Some unitary authorities and District councils also had elections. There were no local elections in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

These elections took place on the same day as the referendum on establishing the Greater London Authority.

The governing Labour Party, contesting its first national elections since returning to government 12 months previously, enjoyed great success, now having control of 94 councils, with the second placed Liberal Democrats now controlling 14 and the opposition Conservatives (now led by William Hague) a mere eight.

A by-election for the European Parliament was also held in the Yorkshire South constituency; Labour retained the seat.
Se-hun
Se-hun, also spelled Se-hoon or Sei-hoon, is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Won Sei-hoon (born 1951), South Korean politician, former director of the National Intelligence Service

Oh Se-hoon (born 1961), South Korean politician, former mayor of Seoul

Min Se-hun (born 1963), South Korean discus thrower

David Oh (musician) (Korean name Oh Se-hun, born 1991), American singer in South Korea

Oh Se-hun (born 1994), South Korean singer, member of the South Korean group Exo

Oh Se-hoon
Oh Se-hoon (Korean: 오세훈; born 4 January 1961) is a South Korean politician and lawyer who has served as the mayor of Seoul since 2021, an office he previously held from 2006 to 2011. A member of the People Power Party, he served as a member of the National Assembly from 2000 to 2004.
Bahrain Islamic Bank
Bahrain Islamic Bank is a commercial bank based in Manama, Bahrain, founded on 7 March 1979, and started operating from the beginning of the Hijri Year 1400 (2nd of Muharram) which was the 22 November 1979. It is the first Islamic bank in the Kingdom of Bahrain, works under supervision of the Central Bank of Bahrain and is listed on the Bahrain Stock Exchange.

Commercial bank
A commercial bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and gives loans to its clients to make a profit.

It can also refer to a bank or a division of a larger bank that deals with wholesale banking to corporations or large or middle-sized businesses, to differentiate from retail banks and investment banks. Commercial banks include private sector banks and public sector banks. However, central banks function differently from commercial banks, despite a common misconception known as the "bank analogy". Unlike commercial banks, central banks are not primarily focused on generating profits and cannot become insolvent in the same way as commercial banks in a fiat currency system.
Halkbank a.d.
Halkbank a.d. (full legal name: Halkbank a.d. Beograd), previously known as Čačanska banka, is a Serbian bank founded in 1990 with the headquarters in Belgrade, Serbia. It enters into the composition of BELEXline, one of the main indices of Belgrade Stock Exchange.

Halkbank
Halkbank (lit. 'People's Bank') or officially Türkiye Halk Bankası is a Turkish bank, first incorporated in 8 June 1933 as a public bank. After growing throughout much of the twentieth century, it began absorbing smaller-sized public banks around the turn of the millennium. Halkbank is now a publicly traded company, although the majority stakeholder remains the Turkish government. Halkbank is a bank that offers vehicle loans, housing loans, consumer loans and commercial loans. A number of scandals and controversies involving the bank emerged in the 2010s, some of which culminated in arrests of its executives.
Linda Fleming
Linda Fleming (born in 1945, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) is an American sculptor and university professor. She is currently teaches at California College of the Arts (CCA). She lives and works in Benicia, California, as well as maintaining studios and homes in the Smoke Creek Desert in Nevada, and in Libre, Colorado.

Smoke Creek Desert
The Smoke Creek Desert is an arid region of northwestern Nevada, that lies about 60 miles (97 km) to the north of Pyramid Lake, west of the Fox Range and east of the Smoke Creek Mountains. The southern end of the desert lies on the Pyramid Lake Indian Reservation, and a rail line lies at the eastern edge. The Smoke Creek Desert is southwest of the Black Rock Desert's South Playa and is between the Granite Range and the Fox Range.
Spectral graph theory
In mathematics, spectral graph theory is the study of the properties of a graph in relationship to the characteristic polynomial, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors of matrices associated with the graph, such as its adjacency matrix or Laplacian matrix.

The adjacency matrix of a simple undirected graph is a real symmetric matrix and is therefore orthogonally diagonalizable; its eigenvalues are real algebraic integers.

While the adjacency matrix depends on the vertex labeling, its spectrum is a graph invariant, although not a complete one.

Spectral graph theory is also concerned with graph parameters that are defined via multiplicities of eigenvalues of matrices associated to the graph, such as the Colin de Verdière number.

Colin de Verdière graph invariant
Colin de Verdière's invariant is a graph parameter  for any graph G, introduced by Yves Colin de Verdière in 1990. It was motivated by the study of the maximum multiplicity of the second eigenvalue of certain Schrödinger operators.
Vocational-technical school
A vocational-technical school, often called a vo-tech school, is a high school in the United States and Canada designed to bring vocational and technical training to its students. Proponents claim that students bound for college may be able to use such skills to realize a distinct educational advantage over other students in their major.

Additionally, vocational-technical schools often provide training to adults from the surrounding communities. The training, offered for a cost, may range from a single course to an entire program of ten or more courses.

Vocational-technical schools are licensed, registered, or accredited like any other high school.

Student
A student is a person enrolled in a school or other educational institution, or more generally, a person who takes a special interest in a subject.

In the United Kingdom and most commonwealth countries, a "student" attends a secondary school or higher (e.g., college or university); those in primary or elementary schools are "pupils".
Gareth Owen (sound designer)
Gareth Owen is a twelve-time Tony & Olivier award-winning / nominated Broadway and West End sound designer, described as "one of the only behind-the-scenes creatives whose star wattage spells success for theatrical productions". He is quoted as saying, "Bad sound kills good theatre - I try to make sure my shows don't become victims."

Starlight Express
Starlight Express is a 1984 musical with music by Andrew Lloyd Webber and lyrics by Richard Stilgoe. It tells the story of a young but obsolete steam engine, Rusty, that races in a championship against modern locomotives of diesel and electric engines in the hope of impressing a first-class observation car, Pearl. The actors perform on roller skates.

Running for 7,409 performances in London, Starlight Express is the tenth-longest-running West End show. It is the most successful musical in Germany, where it has been performed in a purpose-built theatre since 1988, holding the Guinness World Record for most visitors to a musical in a single theatre.
Sleep (Sid song)
"Sleep" is a single by Japanese rock band Sid, released on March 3, 2010, by Ki/oon Music. The song was featured as soundtrack for Nippon TV show Sukkiri!!. It is the group's first romantic ballad single since "Namida no Ondo" (2007).

It was released in three editions. The two limited editions, A and B, include a DVD with the music video for the title track and footage of "Aikagi" at a concert of Hikari tour. The footage differs between limited editions A and B. The regular edition only has the three-track CD.

Hikari (Sid album)
Hikari (stylized as hikari) is the fifth and first major studio album by Japanese visual kei rock band SID, released on July 1, 2009 by Ki/oon Music. The single "Uso" is a ending theme of Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood and "Monochrome no Kiss" is the first opening theme of Black Butler.
Příruční slovník naučný
Příruční slovník naučný (PSN) was a four-volume encyclopedia in Czech published in Czechoslovakia between 1962 and 1966.

The encyclopedia was published by the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. The aim was to displace the older Otto's encyclopedia by a new work, fitting the political views of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. Apart from traditional items it contains a large amount of (very flattering) information about the worldwide communist movement and its leaders, and about countries of the Eastern Bloc.

The main editor was academician Vladimír Procházka. The volumes have around 800 to 900 pages of dense print each.

The encyclopedia was mandatorily bought by all organisations in the Czech part of Czechoslovakia; tens of thousands were printed.

Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences
The Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (Czech: Československá akademie věd, Slovak: Česko-slovenská akadémia vied) was established in 1953 to be the scientific center for Czechoslovakia. It was succeeded by the Czech Academy of Sciences (Akademie věd České republiky) and Slovak Academy of Sciences (Slovenská akadémia vied) in 1992.
Alamitos Heights, Long Beach, California
Alamitos Heights is a neighborhood in the south-east portion of the city of Long Beach, California, United States.

The neighborhood is bounded by the Pacific Coast Highway on the north, Colorado Street on the south, Park Avenue on the west, and Bellflower Boulevard on the east.

Surrounding neighborhoods include University Park Estates to the east, Park Estates to the north, and Belmont Heights to the west. Alamitos Bay is located on the south of this neighborhood, and Recreation Park is found to the west.

Alamitos Beach, several miles southwest near downtown, is not contiguous; the Alamitos Heights neighborhood gained its name from Alamitos Bay, not the beach. Colorado Lagoon is located on the neighborhood's western border.

From 1904 to 1950, the neighborhood was served by the Pacific Electric Balboa Line.

Balboa Line
The Balboa Line was the southernmost route of the Pacific Electric Railway. It ran between Downtown Los Angeles and the Balboa Peninsula in Orange County by way of North Long Beach, though the route was later cut back to the Newport Dock. It was designated as route 17.
Ibrahim bin Abdullah Al-Suweil
Sheikh Ibrahim bin Abdullah bin Abdulaziz bin Abdullah Al Suwaiyel (Arabic: الشيخ إبراهيم بن عبد الله بن عبد العزيز بن عبد الله السويّل Ash-Sheikh Ibrāhīm bin ʿAbdullāh bin ʿAbdulʿazīz bin ʿAbdullāh Al Suwaiyel; 1916 – 21 May 1977) was a Saudi Arabian statesman, diplomat, and military officer who served as the Saudi Arabian minister of foreign affairs from 1960 to 1962. Appointed on 22 December 1960 by King Saud, he succeeded the future king Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud and was succeeded by him again on 16 March 1961. He was noted for being the first non-royal to hold the position of foreign minister. He also served as the Saudi Arabian ambassador to both the United States and Iraq, as the minister of agriculture, and later as a member of the Council of Ministers and an advisor to the Royal Court.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Saudi Arabia)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Arabic: وزارة الخارجية) is a government ministry in Saudi Arabia responsible for managing the Kingdom’s foreign policy and international relations. It oversees the diplomatic, political, cultural, and economic relations with other countries and international organizations.
Jurimetrics
Jurimetrics is the application of quantitative methods, especially probability and statistics, to law. In the United States, the journal Jurimetrics is published by the American Bar Association and Arizona State University. The Journal of Empirical Legal Studies is another publication that emphasizes the statistical analysis of law.

The term was coined in 1949 by Lee Loevinger in his article "Jurimetrics: The Next Step Forward". Showing the influence of Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., Loevinger quoted Holmes' celebrated phrase that:

"For the rational study of the law the blackletter man may be the man of the present, but the man of the future is the man of statistics and the master of economics."

The first work on this topic is attributed to Nicolaus I Bernoulli in his doctoral dissertation De Usu Artis Conjectandi in Jure, written in 1709.

Journal of Empirical Legal Studies
The Journal of Empirical Legal Studies is a peer-edited and peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes empirically oriented research on a wide range of legal topics, including civil justice, civil procedure, corporate law, administrative law, and constitutional law. The journal is highly interdisciplinary and draws authors from law schools, as well as from economics, psychology, sociology, public policy, and political science departments. The journal was established in 2004 and is published by Wiley-Blackwell in collaboration with the Cornell Law School. In terms of academic citations, the journal is ranked 1st among refereed law and social science journals, and 1st among refereed law and economics journals; in terms of judicial citations, it is ranked 2nd and 1st in those categories, respectively; in terms of impact, it is ranked 2nd and 1st in those categories, respectively.
Brown-cheeked rail
The brown-cheeked rail or eastern water rail (Rallus indicus) is a species of bird in the family Rallidae.
It breeds in northern Mongolia, eastern Siberia, northeast China, Korea and northern Japan, and winters in southeast Asia.  It used to be considered a subspecies of the water rail.

Rail (bird)
Rails (avian family Rallidae) are a large, cosmopolitan family of small- to medium-sized terrestrial or semi-amphibious birds. The family exhibits considerable diversity in its forms, and includes such ubiquitous species as the crakes, coots, and gallinule; other rail species are extremely rare or endangered. Many are associated with wetland habitats, some being semi-aquatic like waterfowl (such as the coot), but many more are wading birds or shorebirds. The ideal rail habitats are marsh areas, including rice paddies, and flooded fields or open forest. They are especially fond of dense vegetation for nesting. The rail family is found in every terrestrial habitat with the exception of dry desert, polar or freezing regions, and alpine areas (above the snow line). Members of Rallidae occur on every continent except Antarctica. Numerous unique island species are known.
Route 3 (Laos)
Route 3  is an important link in the north of Laos between China and Thailand. The 197 km route begins in the provincial capital Luang Namtha, Louang Namtha Province, Laos, which is connected to Mohan, China and the Chinese G8511 expressway by Laos Route 13.

It runs southwestwards reaching the provincial capital of Ban Houayxay, Bokeo Province, on river Mekong, where it crosses the Fourth Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge. China is interested in improving traffic routes to Southeast Asia, to be jointly financed with Thailand. China has the main share in the expansion of highways in Laos. The Laotian section is part of the Kunming–Bangkok Expressway, which is part of the Asian Highway AH3.

Fourth Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge
The Fourth Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge is a highway bridge over the Mekong River that links the Chiang Khong District, Chiang Rai Province of Thailand and Houayxay in Laos.  The bridge opened to the public on 11 December 2013.  The bridge was the last section of Asian Highway 3 to be built.

Traffic on the bridge drives on the right, as in Laos, while traffic in Thailand drives on the left; the lane-change is on the Thai side.
Strzegowo, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Strzegowo [stʂɛˈɡɔvɔ] (German Stregow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wolin, within Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) east of Wolin, 18 km (11 mi) south of Kamień Pomorski, and 46 km (29 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

Kamień Pomorski
Kamień Pomorski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈkamjɛɲ pɔˈmɔrskʲi]; Kashubian: Kamiéń; German: Cammin or Kammin) is a spa town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship of north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It is the seat of an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kamień County which lies approximately 63 km (39 mi) to the north of the regional capital Szczecin. It is the second seat of the Archdiocese of Szczecin-Kamień and the deanery of Kamień.

In 2015 the town had a population of 8,921 inhabitants.