hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michigan State Historic Preservation Office
The Michigan State Historic Preservation Office is one of 59 state historic preservation offices established according to the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 that plays a role in implementing federal historic preservation policy in the United States. The purposes of a SHPO include surveying and recognizing historic properties, reviewing nominations for properties to be included in the National Register of Historic Places, reviewing federal and state undertakings for their impact on historic resources, and supporting federal organizations, state and local governments, and private sector in historic preservation matters.

The organization was formerly involved in the listing of state historic sites and operating the state's historical marker program; that function is now performed by the Michigan History Center and Eastern Michigan University.

National Historic Preservation Act
The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA, Pub. L. 89–665, 80 Stat. 915) is legislation intended to preserve historic and archaeological sites in the United States. The act created the National Register of Historic Places, the list of National Historic Landmarks, and the State Historic Preservation Offices.

Senate Bill 3035, the National Historic Preservation Act, was signed into law on October 15, 1966, and is the most far-reaching preservation legislation ever enacted in the United States. Several amendments have been made since. Among other things, the act requires federal agencies to evaluate the impact of all federally funded or permitted projects on historic properties (buildings, archaeological sites, etc.) through a process known as Section 106 Review.

Many of the historic preservation provisions that had been in 16 U.S.C. are present in 54 U.S.C. §§ 300101–320303 by Pub. L. 113–287 (text) (PDF), which was signed into law on December 19, 2014.
The White Lady (Ireland)
The White Lady is an unusual standing stone, said to resemble a figure, located near the small fishing village of Dunmore East, in County Waterford, Ireland.

The standing stone is situated in open farmland overlooking the sea, between the small coves of Rathmoylan and Ballymacaw.

It is believed that the name White Lady is due to the standing stone having been whitewashed, or possibly painted white, at some point, although no traces of this remain. The purpose of the stone is not fully understood, it may have been erected as a marker to guide local fishermen, or it could have been an ancient symbolic or religious monument.

Dunmore East
Dunmore East (Irish: Dún Mór Thóir, meaning 'east big fort') is a tourist and fishing town in County Waterford, Ireland. Situated on the west side of Waterford Harbour on Ireland's southeastern coast, it lies within the barony of Gaultier (An Gháilltír – "land of the foreigner" in Irish); a reference to the influx of Viking and Norman settlers in the area.
Marianna Bianchi
Marianna Bianchi Tozzi (c. 1735 – after 1790) was an Italian soprano best known for creating the role of Eurydice in Christoph Willibald Gluck's opera Orfeo ed Euridice (1762).

Marianna Bianchi was born around 1735, possibly in Venice.  Her opera seria début was in Parma in 1753.  She became prima donna in Venice in 1762.  In October 1762, she performed at the premiere of Orfeo ed Euridice at the Burgtheater.  Later that month, she performed at the Palais Collalto along with a six-year-old Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and his sister playing the harpsichord.

She performed with her husband, composer Antonio Tozzi, in Brunswick  (1765–1768), where she appeared in his Andromaca (1765), and in Munich (1773-1775), where she appeared in his Zenobia (1773).  Tozzi was forced to return to Italy in 1775 after he had a liaison with the Countess von Törring-Seefeld.

Bianchi continued to perform in opera buffa in Italy until 1790.

Antonio Tozzi
Antonio Tozzi (c. 1736 - after 1812) was an Italian opera composer.

He was born at Bologna, Italy.  He studied with  Padre Martini and became a member of the Accademia Filarmonica di Bologna in 1761. His first opera Tigrane, was performed in Venice in 1762. His La morte di Dimone of 1763 was an early opera semiseria. In 1764 he was asked to work for the court in Brunswick. In 1774 he became Hofkapellmeister in Munich and his Orfeo ed Euridice was performed there in 1775. Shortly afterwards however a scandal involving the Countess von Törring-Seefeld caused him to flee the city and he returned to Venice. The following year he was in Spain, working in Madrid and later Barcelona where he did a substantial part of his work, finally leaving Spain for Italy in 1805.  He died at Bologna.
Anjette Lyles
Anjette Lyles (née Donovan; August 23, 1925 – December 4, 1977) was an American restaurateur and serial killer responsible for the poisoning deaths of four relatives in Macon, Georgia, between 1952 and 1958. Initially sentenced to death upon her conviction, Lyles was eventually diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia and the Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles commuted her death sentence to commitment to the Central State Hospital in Milledgeville, where she spent the rest of her life.

Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles
The Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles is a five-member panel empowered to grant paroles, pardons, reprieves, remissions, commutations, and to remove civil and political disabilities imposed by law. Created by a constitutional amendment in 1943, it is part of the executive branch of Georgia's government. Members are appointed by the governor to staggered, renewable seven-year terms subject to confirmation by the State Senate.

Each year, the board elects one of its members to serve as chairman. Currently, the chairman is Terry E. Barnard, the vice chairman is David J. Herring, and the other members are Joyette Holmes, Meg Heap, and Wayne Bennett.
Francis Mander
Francis Mander (1849 – 27 August 1942) was a member of parliament in New Zealand, first as an Independent Conservative and then, from 1909, as a Reform Party member.

He won the Marsden electorate in Northland in the 1902 general election, and held it until 1922, when he retired.

He was appointed to the Legislative Council in 1923, and served on it to 1930.

In business he was a pioneer sawmiller and owner of The Northern Chronicle newspaper, based in Whangarei.  He then purchased a popular newspaper, The Northern Advocate, and closed the Chronicle.

He was the father of the notable New Zealand novelist and journalist, Jane Mander, and a descendant of the Mander family of Midland England.

Reform Party (New Zealand)
The Reform Party, formally the New Zealand Political Reform League, was New Zealand's second major political party, having been founded as a conservative response to the original Liberal Party. It was in government between 1912 and 1928, and later formed a coalition with the United Party (a remnant of the Liberals), and then merged with United to form the modern National Party.
Cyclone Debbie
Severe Tropical Cyclone Debbie in 2017 was the strongest tropical cyclone to strike Queensland since Marcia in 2015, and was the costliest tropical cyclone in Australia since Yasi in 2011. Forming as a tropical low on 23 March, the low gradually intensified into a named tropical cyclone on 25 March. After steadily strengthening offshore to a Category 4 system, Debbie eventually made landfall near Airlie Beach, at 12:40 AEST on 28 March. Afterwards, Debbie rapidly weakened into a tropical low by late 28 March, but continued to travel south, causing significant damage and flooding in the populous areas of South East Queensland and Northern Rivers. In total, the storm caused A$3.5 billion (US$2.67 billion) in damage and fourteen deaths across Australia, primarily as a result of extreme flooding. This makes Debbie the deadliest cyclone to hit Australia since Fifi in 1991.

Bowen, Queensland
Bowen is a coastal town and locality in the Whitsunday Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Bowen had a population of 11,205 people.

The locality contains two other towns:

Heronvale (20°06′25″S 148°17′36″E﻿ / ﻿20.107°S 148.2933°E﻿ / -20.107; 148.2933﻿ (Heronvale, Queensland))

Merinda (20°00′59″S 148°09′53″E﻿ / ﻿20.0164°S 148.1647°E﻿ / -20.0164; 148.1647﻿ (Merinda, Queensland)).

The Abbot Point coal shipping port is also within the locality (19°52′54″S 148°04′46″E﻿ / ﻿19.8816°S 148.0795°E﻿ / -19.8816; 148.0795﻿ (Abbot Point)).
Lacquer thinner
Lacquer thinner, also known as cellulose thinner, is usually a mixture of solvents able to dissolve a number of different resins or plastics used in modern lacquer.

Previously, lacquer thinners frequently contained alkyl esters like butyl or amyl acetate, ketones like acetone or methyl ethyl ketone, aromatic hydrocarbons like toluene, ethers such as glycol cellosolves, and/or alcohols.

Modern lacquer thinners increasingly have to comply with low-volatile organic compounds (VOC) regulations.  Often, these formulations consist mostly of acetone and other simple ketones with very small quantities of aromatic solvents.

Paints that dry by simple solvent evaporation and contain solid binders are known as lacquers. When the solvent in lacquer paints evaporates, a solid layer remains. Since this layer can be dissolved again with the solvent, each lacquer can dissolve the one below it.

Toluene
Toluene (/ˈtɒl.juiːn/), also known as toluol (/ˈtɒl.ju.ɒl, -ɔːl, -oʊl/), is a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C6H5CH3, often abbreviated as PhCH3, where Ph stands for the phenyl group. It is a colorless, water-insoluble liquid with the odor associated with paint thinners. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, consisting of a methyl group (CH3) attached to a phenyl group by a single bond. As such, its systematic IUPAC name is methylbenzene. Toluene is predominantly used as an industrial feedstock and a solvent.

As the solvent in some types of paint thinner, permanent markers, contact cement and certain types of glue, toluene is sometimes used as a recreational inhalant and has the potential of causing severe neurological harm.
Gracia Couturier
Gracia Couturier (born August 14, 1951) is a Canadian educator and writer.

She was born in Edmundston, New Brunswick. She has lived in Moncton since the 1970s. Couturier received a BEd from the Université de Moncton. She taught school for several years and completed a master's degree in French literature in 1994.

She was a founding member of the Théâtre l'Escaouette in Moncton and was founding director of Théâtre de saisons du Centre universitaire de Shippagan. Her work includes children's literature, novels, plays and haiku. Couturier has also worked as a script writer and researcher for Radio-Canada.

Bachelor of Education
A Bachelor of Education (B.Ed. or BEd) is an undergraduate academic degree which prepares students for work as a teacher in schools. A Bachelor of Education program typically lasts three to four years and combines both coursework and practical experience in educational settings. The curriculum is designed to provide foundational knowledge in pedagogy, educational psychology, teaching methodologies, and subject-specific training. Graduates of this program are equipped with the skills necessary to foster a supportive and effective learning environment for their students.
Aremberg
Aremberg (German pronunciation: [ˈaːʁəmbɛʁk]) is a municipality in the district of Ahrweiler, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

Nearby are the ruins of Aremberg Castle, once a mighty fortress of the House of Arenberg, on the summit of the Aremberg.

Ahrweiler (district)
Ahrweiler (German pronunciation: [ˈaːɐ̯ˌvaɪlɐ] ⓘ) is a district in the north of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Euskirchen, Rhein-Sieg and the city of Bonn in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, and the districts of Neuwied, Mayen-Koblenz and Vulkaneifel.
Ganjia Township
Ganjia Township (Mandarin: 甘加乡) is a township in Xiahe County, Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu, China. In 2010, Ganjia Township had a total population of 7,334: 3,617 males and 3,717 females: 1,619 aged under 14, 5,219 aged between 15 and 65 and 496 aged over 65.

Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
34°59′N 102°55′E﻿ / ﻿34.98°N 102.91°E﻿ / 34.98; 102.91

Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Chinese: 甘南藏族自治州; pinyin: Gānnán Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu; Tibetan: ཀན་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་, Wylie: Kan-lho Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul, ZWPY: Gainlho Poirig Ranggyong Kü) is an autonomous prefecture in southern Gansu Province, China, bordering Linxia to the north, Dingxi to the northeast, Longnan to the east and Aba (Sichuan province) to the south. It includes Xiahe and the Labrang Monastery, Luqu, Maqu and other mostly Tibetan towns and villages. Gannan has an area of 40,898 km2 (15,791 sq mi) and its capital is Hezuo city (Zoi). In the first year of the proclamation of Gannan Autonomous District, the district-seat was at the Labrang Town of Sangqu.
Def Jam Recordings discography
This page lists a discography of albums and extended plays released under or distributed by Def Jam Recordings, a division of Universal Music Group, which had been created in 1984. Records distributed by another label, but released under Def Jam, are also included or otherwise reviewed. Also included are albums or EPs that were released under Rush Associated Labels and subsidiaries like Original Black Recordings, DJ West, Def Soul, Disturbing tha Peace, Def Jam South, Roc-A-Fella Records, Murder Inc. Records, and GOOD Music.

Def Jam South
Def Jam South is an American record label, conceived as a Southern Hip Hop division of Def Jam Recordings. The label focused primarily on southern acts. It was best known for launching the career of its first artist signed, Ludacris and his own imprint, Disturbing tha Peace. In 2004, following the signing of Jeezy and hip-hop's overdominance of trap music, the division was folded into Def Jam.
Abu Bakr al-Turtushi
'Abu Bakr Muhammad al-Turtushi (Arabic: ابو بكر محمد بن الوليد الطرطوشي‎) (1059 – 1126 CE; 451 AH – 520 AH ), better known as al-Turtushi was one of the most prominent Andalusian political philosophers of the twelfth century. His book Kitāb Sirāj al-Mulūk (The Lamp of Kings) was one of the most important works of political theory to be produced in the medieval Islamic world. Al-Turtushi was also an accomplished jurist in the Maliki school.

Maliki school
The Maliki school or Malikism is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. It was founded by Malik ibn Anas (c. 711–795 CE) in the 8th century. In contrast to the Ahl al-Hadith and Ahl al-Ra'y schools of thought, the Maliki school takes a unique position known as Ahl al-A'mal, in which they consider the Sunnah to be primarily sourced from the practice of the people of Medina and living Islamic traditions for their rulings on Islamic law.

The Maliki school is the second largest Sunni school, larger than the Shafi’i school but smaller than the Hanafi school. It is predominant in North Africa, West Africa and the Gulf states of Bahrain, Kuwait and United Arab Emirates. The current Maliki population is said to be around 500 million, comprising about 25% of the total Muslim population.
Deadman's Grave, Icklingham
Deadman's Grave, Icklingham is a 127.3-hectare (315-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north-east of Icklingham in Suffolk. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I, and part of Breckland Special Area of Conservation and Breckland Special Protection Area under the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds.

According to Natural England, this site "is largely covered by short, sheep-grazed, species-rich calcareous grassland of the very highest value." It has four nationally rare plants, Spanish catchfly, Boehmer's cat's-tail, Breckland Wild Thyme and spring speedwell. Nationally rare stone curlews breed there.

A track called Seven Tree Road runs through the site.

Thymus serpyllum
Thymus serpyllum, known by the common names of Breckland thyme, Breckland wild thyme, wild thyme, creeping thyme, or elfin thyme, is a species of flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is a low, usually prostrate subshrub forming creeping stems up to 10 cm (4 in) tall. The oval evergreen leaves are up to 8 mm. The strongly scented flowers are either lilac, pink-purple, magenta, up to 6 mm long and produced in clusters.

The species is native to most of Europe and North Africa. The hardy plant tolerates some pedestrian traffic and produces odors ranging from heavily herbal to lightly lemon, depending on the variety.
Barkston Ash Wapentake
Barkston Ash was a wapentake of the West Riding of Yorkshire, named after the meeting-place at the village of Barkston. It included the parishes of Birkin, Bramham cum Oglethorpe, Brayton, Drax, Kirk Fenton, Ledsham, Monk Fryston, Newton Kyme cum Toulston, Saxton with Scarthingwell and Sherburn-in-Elmet and parts of Brotherton, Kirkby Wharfe, Ryther, Snaith and Tadcaster.

Brayton, North Yorkshire
Brayton is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. The village is situated approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) south from Selby. The parish includes some of south-western Selby, as well as the village of Brayton.

The 2011 Census stated the population of the parish of Brayton to be 5,299, a decrease from 5,514 at the 2001 Census.

Brayton was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire until 1 April 1974. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Selby, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

The name Brayton either derives from the Old Norse breiðr meaning 'broad', or the personal name Breithi, and the Old English tūn meaning 'settlement'.
Dragoljub Avramović
Dragoljub Avramović (Serbian Cyrillic: Драгољуб Аврамовић; born 10 February 1979) is a Serbian professional basketball coach who is the youth system coordinator for the Crvena zvezda youth system and their U19 head coach.

Junior ABA League
The Junior ABA League, officially known as the U19 ABA League Championship, is a regional boy's youth age basketball tournament that is contested between the youth selections of basketball clubs from the ABA League. It is run by the ABA League JTD. It is a regional competition between men's teams from six countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia and Slovenia.
Google Health
Google Health encompasses the health and wellbeing initiatives of Google, including Fitbit and a range of other features and integrations. Google Health started in 2008 as an attempt to create a repository of personal health information in order to connect doctors, hospitals and pharmacies directly. The Google Health project was discontinued in 2012, but the Google Health portfolio re-established in 2018 before being redescribed in 2022 as an "effort" rather than a distinct division.

As of 2024, Google Health describes a range of features across other Google products, as well as the Google Cloud Studio integration for third-party electronic health records, such as MEDITECH Expanse.

Calico (company)
Calico Life Sciences LLC is an American biotechnology company with a focus on the biology of aging, attempting to devise interventions that may enable people to lead longer and healthier lives. It is a subsidiary of Alphabet Inc.
Catholic campus ministry
Catholic campus ministry is the practice of organizing and coordinating ministry or service of the Catholic Church on the campus of a school, college, or university. The activities of a Catholic campus ministry organization may entail the establishment of clubs, groups, and organizations, as well as the orchestration and execution of liturgies, retreats, or recollections.  In addition, a Catholic campus ministry organization may conduct religion classes, workshops, or seminars.  Some examples of Catholic campus ministry organizations include Newman Centers and the Catholic Student Association.  Many Catholic campus ministry programs exist today because of the efforts of Cardinal Saint John Henry Newman.

Catholic liturgy
Catholic liturgy means the whole complex of official liturgical worship, including all the rites, ceremonies, prayers, and sacraments of the Catholic Church, as opposed to private or collective devotions. In this sense the arrangement of all these services in certain set forms (including the canonical hours, administration of sacraments, etc.) is meant. Liturgy encompasses the entire service: prayer, reading and proclamation of the scriptures, singing, gestures, movement and vestments, liturgical colours, symbols and symbolic actions, the administration of sacraments and sacramentals.
Paglaum Sports Complex
The Paglaum Sports Complex is a sports venue in Bacolod, Philippines adjacent to the Negros Occidental High School. It was established during the administration of Governor Alfredo Montelibano Jr. in the 1970s. It hosted three editions of the Palarong Pambansa (1971, 1974, 1979).

The complex was under supervision of the Department of Education (DepEd) until 2011. DepEd and the provincial government of Negros Occidental signed a compromise agreement where in DepEd returned the supervision of the complex to the provincial government.

In 2012, a two-hectare portion of the four-hectare Paglaum Sports Complex was partitioned for the construction of the Capitol-owned Negros First CyberCentre (NFCC) as an IT-BPO Outsourcing Hub. It was inaugurated in April 2015 in rites led by President Benigno S. Aquino III.

Recently, the Paglaum Sports Complex serves as an alternative venue to the Bacolod Public Plaza for the MassKara Festival celebration.

MassKara Festival
The MassKara Festival (Hiligaynon: Pista sang MassKara, Filipino: Pista ng MassKara) is an annual festival with highlights held every 3rd Sunday of October in Bacolod, Philippines. The festival sites include the Bacolod Public Plaza, the Lacson Tourism Strip and the Bacolod City Government Center.
Swannanoa Gap
The Swannanoa Gap is a pass in the eastern United States through the Blue Ridge Mountains to the Asheville plateau. The pass sits on the Buncombe-McDowell County line in North Carolina near the head of the Catawba River. Long traversed by Native Americans, its trail was the first road into Buncombe County from the east.

According to James Mooney, a prominent ethnographer of the Bureau of American Ethnology, the pass was used by the Cherokee to reach the land of the Sara. The Cherokee name for the pass is Suwali Nûⁿnâhi. Mooney wrote it was "the pass through which ran the trail from the Cherokee to the Suwali or Ani-Suwali, living east of the mountains." The names of the census-designated place of Swannanoa, North Carolina, the Swannanoa River, Lake Swannanoa, New Jersey, and Swannanoa, New Zealand are derived from its name. Its name in modern Cherokee syllabary by the neographer Sequoyah is not known.

Swannanoa, New Zealand
Swannanoa is a small village in Canterbury, New Zealand. It is located 35 kilometres northwest of the largest city in the South Island, Christchurch. The area has an estimated population of 1,040 with 298 pupils enrolled in the primary school. The population is slowly increasing due to new subdivisions being developed there and in neighbouring Mandeville North.