hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Medicinal Research Reviews
Medicinal Research Reviews is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes reviews on topics related to medicinal research. It is published by Wiley and was established in 1980. The editor-in-chief is Amanda E. Hargrove (Duke University).

The journal publishes critical reviews of topics include pathophysiology, genomics and proteomics, and clinical characteristics of important drugs.

Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology (or physiopathology) is a branch of study, at the intersection of pathology and physiology, concerning disordered physiological processes that cause, result from, or are otherwise associated with a disease or injury. Pathology is the medical discipline that describes conditions typically observed during a disease state, whereas physiology is the biological discipline that describes processes or mechanisms operating within an organism. Pathology describes the abnormal or undesired condition (symptoms of a disease), whereas pathophysiology seeks to explain the functional changes that are occurring within an individual due to a disease or pathologic state.
Law of noncontradiction
In logic, the law of noncontradiction (LNC; also known as the law of contradiction, principle of non-contradiction (PNC), or the principle of contradiction) states that for any given proposition, the proposition and its negation cannot both be simultaneously true, e.g., the proposition "the house is white" and its negation "the house is not white" are mutually exclusive.

To express the fact that the law is tenseless and to avoid equivocation, sometimes the law is amended to say "contradictory propositions cannot both be true 'at the same time and in the same sense'".

Formally, the law is expressed as the tautology ¬(p ∧ ¬p).  One reason to have this law is the principle of explosion, which states that anything follows from a contradiction, resulting in trivialism. The law is employed in a reductio ad absurdum proof. Paraconsistent logics are those logics which deny explosion.

Equivocation
In logic, equivocation ("calling two different things by the same name") is an informal fallacy resulting in the failure to define one's terms, or knowingly and deliberately using words in a different sense than the one the audience will understand.

It is a type of ambiguity that stems from a phrase having two or more distinct meanings, not from the grammar or structure of the sentence.
Speaker of the Lok Sabha
The Speaker of the Lok Sabha (IAST: Lok Sabhā Adhyakṣa) is the presiding officer and the highest authority of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. The speaker is elected generally in the first meeting of the Lok Sabha following a general election and ranks 6th in the Order of precedence in India.

The speaker does not enjoy security of tenure and their term is subject to the pleasure of the house i.e. they can be removed anytime by a resolution of the Lok Sabha by a majority of the all the Members of the house. The longest-serving speaker was Balram Jakhar, whose tenure lasted 9 years and 329 days.

Lower house
A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise exert significant political influence.
Claire Cardie
Claire Cardie is an American computer scientist specializing in natural language processing. Since 2006, she has been a professor of computer science and information science at Cornell University, and from 2010 to 2011 she was the first Charles and Barbara Weiss Chair of Information Science at Cornell. Her research interests include coreference resolution and sentiment analysis.

Sentiment analysis
Sentiment analysis (also known as opinion mining or emotion AI) is the use of natural language processing, text analysis, computational linguistics, and biometrics to systematically identify, extract, quantify, and study affective states and subjective information. Sentiment analysis is widely applied to voice of the customer materials such as reviews and survey responses, online and social media, and healthcare materials for applications that range from marketing to customer service to clinical medicine. With the rise of deep language models, such as RoBERTa, also more difficult data domains can be analyzed, e.g., news texts where authors typically express their opinion/sentiment less explicitly.
Pasindhèn
A pasindhèn (Javanese: ꦥꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦤ꧀, romanized: pasindhèn, pesindhèn) (informally ꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦤ꧀ sindhèn) is an Indonesian female solo singer who sings with a gamelan. They may perform in dance, wayang or klenèngan (pure music or "concert") performances.

The pesindhèn may sing together with a gerong (male chorus), but their styles and words will be different. The part of the sindhèn is largely improvised within strict parameters (similar to instrumental cengkok). The sindhèn is also allowed a much freer rhythm, similar to the rebab and suling, instead of the strict rhythm of the gerong.

Sindhen can also refer to the choir of male and female singers used to accompany the bedhaya and serimpi court dances. In this usage, pesindhen refers to the individual members of the choir.

Bedhaya
The bedhaya (also written as bedoyo, beḍaya and various other transliterations) (Javanese: ꦧꦼꦝꦪ, romanized: Bedhaya) is a sacred, ritualised Javanese dance of Java, Indonesia, associated with the royal palaces of Yogyakarta and Surakarta. Along with the srimpi, the bedhaya epitomized the elegant (Javanese: ꦲꦭꦸꦱ꧀, romanized: alus) character of the royal court and became an important symbol of the ruler's power.

The bedhaya has different forms in the two court cities, the bedhaya Ketawang in Surakarta (Solo) and the bedhaya Semang in Yogyakarta, the latter of which has not been performed for more than 20 years. The Solonese dance continues to be performed once per year on the second day of the Javanese month of Ruwah (May), to commemorate the ascension of the current Susuhunan (prince) of Surakarta. Nine females, relatives or wives of the Susuhunan, perform the dance before a private audience. An invitation to anyone outside of the inner circle of the court is a considerable honor.
Municipal initiative for charging Vladimir Putin of high treason
The Municipal initiative for charging Vladimir Putin of high treason is an initiative from council deputies of the Smolninskoye Municipal Okrug in Saint Petersburg on 7 September 2022 to call on the State Duma to charge president Vladimir Putin with treason. The next day, the seven deputies who supported this initiative were called to the police, and this council was dissolved by court order a few days later. A day after this initiative, another initiative from Lomonosovsky District in Moscow also expressed discontent towards Putin and called on him to resign.

Special military operation
"Special military operation" (also "special operation", and abbreviated as "SMO" or "SVO", or Russian: спецопера́ция, romanized: spetsoperatsiya, Ukrainian: спецопера́ція) is the official term used by the Russian government to describe the Russo-Ukrainian war. It is widely considered a euphemism intended to minimize the invasion and obfuscate the war's original objective of annexing all Russophone regions of Ukraine. Russia bans the use of the terms "war" or "invasion" in referring to its invasion of Ukraine, as well as discussion of the censorship itself.

The expression appears prominently in the public address by President of Russia Vladimir Putin, released on 24 February 2022.

The term "special military operation" has been used in Ukrainian media in specific contexts, generally in scare quotes, to mock or criticize the Russian invasion.
Albeck (surname)
Albeck is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amnon Albeck, (born 1958) Israeli chemist

Andy Albeck (1921–2010), American film studio executive

Hanoch Albeck (1890–1972), Israeli Talmudist

Michael Albeck (born 1934), Israeli chemist; President of Bar-Ilan University

Stan Albeck (1931–2021), American basketball coach

Andy Albeck
Andreas "Andy" Albeck (September 25, 1921 – September 29, 2010) was an American movie executive, who was president and chief executive of United Artists, during a time when it released two films by Woody Allen, along with two films in both the James Bond and Rocky film series. He also oversaw production of Martin Scorsese's Raging Bull, a movie frequently mentioned as one of the films considered the greatest ever, as well as Heaven's Gate, the box office bomb that led to the studio's demise as an independent studio.
Kathrine Rokke
Kathrine Rokke (born 28 September 1970) is a retired Norwegian cross-country skier.

She made her FIS Cross-Country World Cup debut in March 1992 in Vang with a 47th place. She collected her first World Cup points with a 20th-place finish in January 1993 in Kavgolovo, and recorded her only top 10-placement in January 1994 in the same location. She retired from competitive skiing following the March 2000 Holmenkollen ski festival.

She represented the sports club IL Stjørdals-Blink.

IL Stjørdals-Blink
Idrettslaget Stjørdals-Blink is a Norwegian sports club from Stjørdalshalsen, Trøndelag. It has sections for association football, team handball, volleyball, track and field, orienteering, cycling, swimming, gymnastics, speed skating, and Nordic skiing.
Alzintan Airport
Alzintan Airport (IATA: ZIS, ICAO: HLZN) is an airport serving Zintan, a city in the Jabal al Gharbi District in northwest Libya. The runway is in the open desert 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south of the city.

Jabal al Gharbi District
Jabal al Gharbi (Arabic: الجبل الغربي Al Ǧabal al Gharbi, English: The Western Mountain) is one of the districts of Libya. It is named after the Nafusa Mountains. It was formed in 2007 from the former districts of Yafran, Gharyan and Mizda.  From 1995 to 1998 Jabal al Gharbi also existed as a Baladiyah or municipality. Jabal al Gharbi borders Sirte and Misrata to the east, Murqub to the northeast, Tripoli, Jafara and Zawiya to the north, Nuqat al Khams to the northwest, Nalut to the west, Wadi al Shatii to the south and Jufra to the southeast.

Per the census of 2012, the total population in the region was 157,747 with 150,353 Libyans. The average size of the household in the country was 6.9, while the average household size of non-Libyans being 3.7. There were totally 22,713 households in the district, with 20,907 Libyan ones.  The population density of the district was 1.86 persons per km2.
Per 2006 census, there were totally 104,584 economically active people in the district.
Phases of Operation Car Wash
A long series of criminal investigations have occurred in Brazil associated with Operation Car Wash. The first investigation was launched in March 2014, and is now known as phase 1 of the investigation, with subsequent inquiries numbered sequentially and having code names such as phase 2 (Operation Bidone), phase 3 (Operation Casablanca), and so on. By February 2021, there were 80 announced phases of Operation Car Wash.

Besides these, there were other investigations that are considered offshoots of Operation Car Wash.

Beto Richa
Carlos Alberto "Beto" Richa (born June 29, 1965) is a Brazilian engineer and politician. He was the Governor of the Brazilian state of Paraná until April 6, 2018, when he resigned to run for a seat at the Brazilian Senate. He was succeeded by Cida Borghetti. His father was mayor of Londrina and governor of Paraná José Richa.
On September 11, 2018, less than a month to the election, Richa was arrested as part of the Operation Car Wash.
Hill Street, London
Hill Street is a street in Mayfair, London, which runs south-west, then west, from Berkeley Square to Deanery Street, a short approach way from Park Lane. It was developed from farmland in the 18th century. Travelling one block to the east and south sees a fall of about three metres, whereas in the other direction the land rises gradually across six main blocks to beyond the north of Marble Arch (see Hyde Park). Hill Street's homes gained fashionable status from the outset: grand townhouses seeing use, at first, as seasonal lettings (rentals) and/or longer-term London homes of nobility – later, of other wealthy capitalists as much. Twenty-two, approximately half of its town houses, are listed. Along its course, only Audley Square House departs from townhouse-sized frontage, yet this shares in the street's predominant form of domestic architecture, Georgian neo-classical. Hill Street's public house is the oldest surviving one in Mayfair.

Marble Arch
51°30′47″N 0°09′32″W﻿ / ﻿51.51317°N 0.15888°W﻿ / 51.51317; -0.15888

The Marble Arch is a 19th-century white marble-faced triumphal arch in London, England. The structure was designed by John Nash in 1827 as the state entrance to the cour d'honneur of Buckingham Palace; it stood near the site of what is today the three-bayed, central projection of the palace containing the well-known balcony. In 1851, on the initiative of architect and urban planner Decimus Burton, a one-time pupil of John Nash, the arch was relocated to its current site, near the northeast corner of Hyde Park, so that expansion of Buckingham Palace could proceed.

The arch gives its name to the area surrounding it, particularly the southern portion of Edgware Road and also to the underground station. The arch is not part of the Royal Parks and is maintained by Westminster City Council.
Yiasoumis Yiasoumi
Yiasoumis Yiasoumi (Greek: Γιασουμής Γιασουμή) or Yiasemakis Yiasemi (Greek: Γιασεμάκης Γιασεμή) (born 31 May 1975) is a retired Cypriot footballer who last played for AEK Larnaca. He was also a player of Enosis Neon Paralimni, APOEL, PAOK, Aris Limassol and Ethnikos Achna.

Yiasoumi has made 64 appearances for the Cyprus national football team in which he scored 8 goals.

Enosis Neon Paralimni FC
Enosis Neon Paralimni Football Club (Greek: Ένωση Νέων Παραλιμνίου, Enosi Neon Paralimniou; lit. 'Youth Union of Paralimni'), commonly referred to as ENP, is a Cypriot professional football club based in Paralimni. Currently playing in the Cypriot First Division, it holds home games at the Paralimni Municipal Stadium "Tasos Marcou", with the capacity of 5,800.
Denise McGill
Denise Frances McGill OAM (born 11 December 1946 in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia). McGill was a state politician for the Liberal Party who has held the seat of Oakleigh from October 1992 until August 1999. McGill was councillor of Oakleigh from 1987 until 1994 and in that time was mayor from 1991 until 1992. She has also been president, vice-president and secretary of Clayton Branch of Liberal Party since 1985. McGill is married and has four children.

McGill was awarded a Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) in the 2008 Queen's Birthday Honours "For service to the community through local government and the Parliament of Victoria."

Electoral district of Oakleigh
The electoral district of Oakleigh is an electoral district of the Victorian Legislative Assembly. It covers the south-east Melbourne suburbs of Carnegie, Murrumbeena, Hughesdale, Notting Hill, Oakleigh East, Oakleigh and parts of Chadstone, Glen Waverley, Mount Waverley, Glen Huntly, Mulgrave and Ormond.

The seat is Labor Party held within the inner south-east metropolitan Melbourne.

Steve Dimopoulos is the current member of parliament for Oakleigh.
Jason Prior
Jason Christopher Prior (born 20 December 1988) is an English footballer who plays as a striker for National League South side Dorking Wanderers.

He has previously featured for non-league sides AFC Newbury, Moneyfields, Bognor Regis Town, Dartford, Gosport Borough, Margate and Havant & Waterlooville. He made his Football League debut for AFC Wimbledon in January 2012. Prior rejoined Dorking Wanderers in February 2023.

Moneyfields F.C.
Moneyfields Football Club is a football club based in Portsmouth, England. Affiliated to the Hampshire FA, they were founded in 1987 as Portsmouth Civil Service, before adopting their current name in 1994. The club are currently members of the Isthmian League South Central Division and play at the John Jenkins Stadium.
Mehdi Jdi
Mehdi Jdi (born 13 December 1988) is a Moroccan tennis player.

Jdi has a career high ATP singles ranking of 906 achieved on 16 June 2014. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 1229 achieved on 4 May 2015.

Jdi made his ATP main draw debut at the 2015 Grand Prix Hassan II in the doubles draw partnering Max Mirnyi.

Max Mirnyi
Maksim Mikalaevich "Max" Mirnyi (born 6 July 1977) is a Belarusian former professional tennis player.

Mirnyi became a doubles specialist following his singles career, in which he reached a career-high of World No. 18 (August 2003) and finished in the top 50 in the world for seven straight years despite only winning one ATP singles title (2003 Rotterdam Open). He represented Belarus in Davis Cup competition from April 1994, where he holds a record of 47 wins and 27 losses in 35 ties played. He reached the World No. 1 doubles ranking in June 2003 and won ten Grand Slam titles: Men's doubles in the 2000 and 2002 US Open and the 2005, 2006, 2011 and 2012 French Open; and mixed doubles in the 1998, 2007, and 2013 U.S. Opens and 1998 Wimbledon.

At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Mirnyi carried the flag of Belarus at the Opening Ceremony on 27 July 2012, and won the gold medal in the mixed doubles with Victoria Azarenka on 5 August 2012.

His nickname is "The Beast of Belarus".
Legal Research Foundation
The Legal Research Foundation is a body affiliated with the faculty of law of the University of Auckland, New Zealand. It was founded in 1965 to foster legal research and links between the legal profession and the university. It publishes the New Zealand Law Review.

Legal profession
Legal profession is a profession in which legal professionals study, develop and apply law. Usually, there is a requirement for someone choosing a career in law to first pass a bar examination after obtaining a law degree or some other form of legal education such as an apprenticeship in a law office.

It is difficult to generalize about the structure of the profession, because

there are two major legal systems, and even within them, there are different arrangements in jurisdictions, and

terminology varies greatly.

While in civil law countries there are usually distinct clearly defined career paths in law, such as judge, in common law jurisdictions there tends to be one legal profession, and it is not uncommon, for instance, that a requirement for a judge is several years of practising law privately.
Józef Rysula
Józef Rysula (13 March 1939 – 23 November 2020) was a Polish cross-country skier. He competed at the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, and the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble.

1968 Winter Olympics
The 1968 Winter Olympics, officially known as the X Olympic Winter Games (French: Les Xes Jeux olympiques d'hiver), were a winter multi-sport event held from 6 to 18 February 1968 in Grenoble, France. Thirty-seven countries participated.

The 1968 Winter Games marked the first time the IOC permitted East and West Germany to enter separately, and the first time the IOC ordered drug and gender testing of competitors.

Norway won the most gold and overall medals, the first time since the 1952 Winter Olympics that the Soviet Union did not top the medal table by both parameters.
Sumner, Oregon
Sumner is an unincorporated community in Coos County, Oregon, United States. It is about 10 miles (16 km) southeast of Coos Bay on the route of the old Coos Bay Wagon Road.

According to William Gladstone Steel, the community was founded in 1888 by John B. Dalley (other sources have the spelling as "Dulley"), who named it after Charles Sumner, a Massachusetts senator who died in 1874. Sumner post office was established in 1874, so according to Oregon Geographic Names, Steel must have been incorrect about the 1888 founding date. Dalley was the first postmaster, and the office closed in 1961. In 1915, Sumner had a population of 100. As of 1990, the community had one store.

William Gladstone Steel
William Gladstone Steel (September 7, 1854 – October 21, 1934) was an American journalist who was known for campaigning for 17 years for the United States Congress to designate Crater Lake as a National Park. Steel was from Ohio, and worked in the newspaper business before becoming a mail carrier.
Michal Hašek
Michal Hašek (born 17 April 1976) is a Czech politician and former Governor of the South Moravian Region. From 2002 until 2014, he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies (MP). He also served as shadow Minister of Agriculture in the shadow cabinet of former Prime Minister Jiří Paroubek.

In July 2018, Hašek became an external advisor to the Czech Minister of Agriculture, Miroslav Toman, as a member of the Ministerial Legislative Council.

Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic
The Chamber of Deputies, officially the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic (Czech: Poslanecká sněmovna Parlamentu České republiky, PS PČR), is the lower house of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The chamber has 200 seats and deputies are elected for four-year terms using the party-list proportional representation system with the Imperiali and Hagenbach-Bischoff quotas. Since 2002, there have been 14 constituencies, matching the Czech regions, with district size varying from 8 to 26 representatives. A Cabinet is answerable to the Chamber of Deputies and the Prime Minister stays in office only as long as they retain the support of a majority of its members. The quorum is set by law to one third (67) of elected deputies. Any changes to the constitutional laws must be approved by at least 60 percent of the Chamber of Deputies. The seat of the Chamber of Deputies is the Thun Palace in Malá Strana, Prague.
Kostroma (horse)
Kostroma (foaled 1986 in Ireland) was an Irish-bred Thoroughbred racehorse who competed successfully in Ireland as well as in the United States, where she set a world record for a mile and an eighth on turf at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California.

World record
A world record is usually the best global and most important performance that is ever recorded and officially verified in a specific skill, sport, or other kind of activity. The book Guinness World Records and other world records organizations collates and publishes notable records of many.
Barrow Street (magazine)
Barrow Street is an annual American poetry magazine founded in 1998 and based in New York City. The small journal publishes prominent poets and its poems have been reprinted in anthologies such as The Best American Poetry series.

Some of the poets whose work has appeared in the magazine include Kim Addonizio, Billy Collins, David Lehman, Richard Lehnert, Jeffrey Levine, Robert Wrigley and Rachel Zucker.

The editors also run Barrow Street Press, a small literary nonprofit press with annual book contests for both poetry and prose.

The most recent issue of Barrow Street was published in Winter 2022/2023.

Jeffrey Levine (poet)
Jeffrey Levine is an American poet, publisher, musician, and attorney. He is the author of three poetry collections, including The Kinnegad Home for the Bewildered, forthcoming from Salmon Press in March 2019.