hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Topuchaya
Topuchaya (Russian: Топучая; Altay: Топучий, Topuçiy) is a rural locality (a selo) in Dyektiyekskoye Rural Settlement of Shebalinsky District, the Altai Republic, Russia. The population was 194 as of 2016. There are 2 streets.

Altai languages
Altai or Altay (Altay: Алтай тил, romanized: Altay til, IPA: [ɐɫtʰɐ́ɪ̯ tʰɪ̆l]) is a set of Turkic languages spoken officially in the Altai Republic, Russia. The standard vocabulary is based on the Southern Altai language, though it is also taught to and used by speakers of the Northern Altai language as well. Gorno–Altai refers to a subgroup of languages in the Altai Mountains. The languages were called Oyrot (ойрот) prior to 1948.

Altai is spoken primarily in the Altai Republic. A small community of speakers lives in the neighbouring Altai Krai as well.
Badukuva Daari
Badukuva Daari (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1966 Indian Kannada-language film, directed by Vedantam Raghavayya and produced by A. S. R. Aanjaneyulu. The film stars Jayalalitha, Kalyan Kumar, Udaykumar, and Narasimharaju. The musical score was composed by T. Chalapathi Rao. The film is based on the 1953 Telugu film Bratuku Teruvu, which was later remade in Hindi in 1969 as Jeene Ki Raah and in Tamil in 1972 as Naan Yen Pirandhen.

Jeene Ki Raah
Jeene Ki Raah (transl. Way of Life) is a 1969 Hindi-language drama film produced & directed by L. V. Prasad under the Prasad Productions Pvt. Ltd. banner. The film stars Jeetendra, Tanuja and Sanjeev Kumar and music composed by Laxmikant Pyarelal. It is a remake of the Telugu film Bratuku Teruvu (1953).
Lois Lane in other media
Lois Lane is a fictional character first appearing in DC Comics Action Comics #1 (June 1938), an intrepid reporter commonly portrayed as the romantic interest of the superhero Superman and his alter-ego Clark Kent. Since her debut in comic books, she has appeared in various media adaptations, including radio, animations, films, television and video games.

Metallo
Metallo (/məˈtæloʊ/) is the name of several supervillains appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly as an adversary of Superman. All versions of the character are powered by kryptonite and are partially or completely mechanical.

In 2009, Metallo was ranked as IGN's 52nd-greatest comic book villain of all time.

Metallo has been adapted into numerous media outside comics, primarily in association with Superman. Malcolm McDowell, Lex Lang, Jim Rash, Paul Blackthorne, and John C. McGinley have voiced the character in animation. Furthermore, several versions of Metallo appear in the live-action series Supergirl.
Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art
Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art  (متحف : المتحف العربي للفن الحديث) is a  museum in Doha, Qatar with over 9,000 objects. Established in 2010, it is considered a major cultural attraction in the country.

Mathaf houses the world's largest collection of modern and contemporary Arab art.

Farid Belkahia
Farid Belkahia (Arabic: فريد بلكاهية; 1934 - 2014) was a Moroccan modernist artist and education reformer. He served as the director of the School of Fine Arts of Casablanca from 1962 to 1974, during the period of the Casablanca school modernist movement. As an artist, he worked primarily in painting, metalwork and leatherwork.
Royal Enfield (England)
Royal Enfield was a brand name under which The Enfield Cycle Company Limited of Redditch, Worcestershire, England, sold motorcycles, bicycles, lawnmowers and stationary engines which it manufactured. Enfield Cycle Company also used the brand name "Enfield" without the "Royal". Later in 1994, Eicher Motors, an Indian multinational automobile manufacturing company, acquired full ownership of the company. The first Royal Enfield motorcycle was built in 1901. The Enfield Cycle Company's Royal Enfield Bullet is the longest-lived motorcycle design in history.

Royal Enfield's spare parts operation was sold to Velocette in 1967, which benefited from the arrangement for three years until its closure in early 1971. Enfield's remaining motorcycle business was acquired by Norton Villiers in 1967, and the business eventually closed in 1978.

V-twin engine
A V-twin engine, also called a V2 engine, is a two-cylinder piston engine where the cylinders are arranged in a V configuration and share a common crankshaft.

The V-twin is widely associated with motorcycles, primarily installed transversely, though also longitudinally. They are also used in a variety of other land, air, and marine vehicles, as well as industrial applications. The V-twin design dates back to the late 1880s.
Α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone
α-Pyrrolidinovalerophenone (α-PVP), also known as α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone , O-2387, β-keto-prolintane, prolintanone, or desmethylpyrovalerone, or colloquially as flakka or gravel, is a synthetic stimulant of the cathinone class developed in the 1960s that has been sold as a designer drug and often consumed for recreational reasons. α-PVP is chemically related to pyrovalerone and is the ketone analog of prolintane.

Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Medicines and Poisons
The Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Medicines and Poisons (SUSMP), also known as the Poisons Standard for short, is an Australian legislative instrument produced by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). Before 2010, it was known as the Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP). The SUSMP classifies drugs and poisons into different Schedules signifying the degree of control recommended to be exercised over their availability to the public.

The Schedules are referred to under State and Territory legislation for regulatory purposes. Although each State and Territory has its own laws, the vast majority of medicines and poisons are classified according to the SUSMP to achieve uniform national regulation.
Girls of France
"Girls of France" is a World War I era song released in 1917. Al Bryan and Edgar Leslie wrote the lyrics. Harry Ruby composed the music. The song was published by Waterson, Berlin & Snyder Co. of New York, New York. Artist Albert Wilfred Barbelle designed the sheet music cover. It features a nurse in the foreground, and soldiers marching behind her. It was written for both voice and piano.

The lyrics claim that French girls were only thought of as "something to fondle and then to forget," but their actions during the war has proven this wrong. The chorus is as follows:

Girls of France, girls of France,

We're mighty proud of you;

When shadows fell and all was dark

You led your sons like Joan of Arc.

We know our brothers will never fell blue,

They'll find a sister in each of you.

Brave and true,

Beautiful, too,

Wonderful girls of France.

The sheet music can be found at Pritzker Military Museum & Library.

Albert Wilfred Barbelle
Albert Wilfred Barbelle (1887–1957) was an American artist known well for his work in advertising, particularly cover art for sheet music of Tin Pan Alley.  He also illustrated the first Mickey Mouse book.
Frostbite (2006 film)
Frostbite (Swedish: Frostbiten) is a 2006 Swedish comedy horror film directed by Anders Banke and written by Daniel Ojanlatva. The film takes place in a small town in northern Sweden during midwinter, making the environment perfect for vampires to hunt townspeople due to the cold weather and small amount of daily sunlight. It is Sweden's first vampire movie.

Film4
Film4 is a British free-to-air public broadcast television channel owned by Channel Four Television Corporation launched on 1 November 1998, dedicated to broadcasting films. The standard-definition channel is available on Freeview and Freesat platforms, while the high-definition variant is offered free on Freely, and as a pay television service on satellite and cable.

The channel offered an online video on demand service, Film4oD, until it was closed in July 2015.
Lao Wiang
The Lao Wiang (Thai: ลาวเวียง, pronounced [lāːw wīaŋ]), sometimes also referred to as Lao Wieng, are a Tai sub-ethnic group of the Isan region. Approximately 50,000 self-identified Lao Wiang live in villages throughout Thailand, especially in the provinces of Prachinburi, Udon Thani, Nakhon Pathom, Chai Nat, Lopburi, Saraburi, Nakhon Nayok, Suphan Buri, Ratchaburi, Phetchaburi, and Roi Et with a significant number residing in Bangkok.

Ratchaburi
Ratchaburi' (Thai: ราชบุรี, pronounced [râːt.t͡ɕʰā.bū.rīː]; also rendered as Rajburi or Rat Buri) is a historic town (thesaban mueang) in western Thailand and the capital of Ratchaburi Province. The area shows early settlement associated with Dvaravati culture and later became an important trade centre in the Ayutthaya period.

Ratchaburi town covers the entire tambon Na Mueang (หน้าเมือง) of Mueang Ratchaburi District. As of 2018 it had an estimated population of 36,040, down from 38,149 in 2005.
Edakkad Battalion 06
Edakkad Battalion 06 is an Indian Malayalam-language action drama film directed by Swapnesh K. Nair, written by P.Balachandran, and produced by Shrikant Bhasi, Tomas Joseph Pattathanam and Jayant Mammen under the banner of Ruby Films. Starring an ensemble cast of Tovino Thomas, Samyuktha Menon, Rekha, Joy Mathew, Sudheesh and Abu Salim, the film is inspired by a true story. The filming began in May 2019.

The film was released on 25 October 2019 during Diwali.

Shrikant Bhasi
Shrikant Bhasi (born 23 November 1968), is an Indian entrepreneur. He is also the founder and chairman of the Carnival Group, a diversified corporate group with interests in multiplex, media, entertainment, hospitality and real estate.
2012 World Junior Ultimate Championships
The 2012 World Junior Ultimate Championships was the 16th edition of the international ultimate frisbee competition organized by World Flying Disc Federation. They were held in Dublin, Ireland from 12 to 18 August 2012.

World Flying Disc Federation
The World Flying Disc Federation (WFDF) is the international governing body for flying disc sports, with responsibility for sanctioning world championship events, establishing uniform rules, setting of standards for and recording of world records.  WFDF is a federation of member associations which represent flying disc sports and their athletes in 114 countries.  The organization holds recognition from the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and International Paralympic Committee, and is a member of the Association of IOC Recognised International Sports Federations (ARISF), GAISF, and the International World Games Association (IWGA). WFDF operates as a registered not-for-profit 501(c)(3) corporation in the state of Colorado, U.S.
2009 swine flu pandemic in Spain
In March and April 2009, an outbreak of a new strain of influenza commonly referred to as swine flu infected many people in Mexico and parts of the United States causing severe illness in the former. The new strain was identified as a combination of several different strains of Influenzavirus A, subtype H1N1, including separate strains of this subtype circulating in humans (see Human influenza) and in pigs (see Swine influenza). Spain was the first country in continental Europe to report cases of swine flu, in late April 2009.

Disease outbreak
In epidemiology, an outbreak is a sudden increase in occurrences of a disease when cases are in excess of normal expectancy for the location or season. It may affect a small and localized group or impact upon thousands of people across an entire continent. The number of cases varies according to the disease-causing agent, and the size and type of previous and existing exposure to the agent. Outbreaks include many epidemics, which is a term normally only used for infectious diseases, as well as diseases with an environmental origin, such as a water or foodborne disease.  They may affect a region in a country or a group of countries. Pandemics are near-global disease outbreaks when multiple and various countries around the Earth are soon infected.
George Goodman (politician)
Sir George Goodman (17 November 1791 – 13 October 1859) was an English wool-stapler, a magistrate for the borough and county of Leeds, as well as a Liberal politician. On 1 January 1836, he was elected the first Mayor of Leeds after the Municipal Corporations Act 1835, and he served as a member of parliament (MP) for Leeds from 1852 to 1857.

Potternewton
Potternewton also Potter Newton is a suburb and parish between Chapeltown and Chapel Allerton in north-east Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It is in the Chapel Allerton ward of Leeds City Council.

Potternewton is bounded by Scott Hall Road to the west, Roundhay Road to the east and Harehills Lane to the north. The main thoroughfare is Chapeltown Road. The suburb is often considered to be part of Chapeltown. On older maps, Potternewton included the Chapeltown and Scott Hall areas and parts of Harehills. Potternewton is an historic village and many older maps prioritise its name over Chapeltown.
Michael Lipton
Michael Lipton CMG FBA (13 February 1937 – 1 April 2023) was an English development studies economist specializing in the study of rural poverty in developing countries, including issues relating to land reform and urban bias. He spent much of his career at the University of Sussex, but also contributed to the work of international institutions, such as the World Bank's 2000/2001 World Development Report on poverty.

Lipton was a reader, then a professorial fellow at the university's Institute of Development Studies 1967–94, and later research professor at the University of Sussex's Poverty Research Unit, which he founded.

Development studies
Development studies is an interdisciplinary branch of social science. Development studies is offered as a specialized master's degree in a number of reputed universities around the world. It has grown in popularity as a subject of study since the early 1990s, and has been most widely taught and researched in developing countries and countries with a colonial history, such as the UK, where the discipline originated. Students of development studies often choose careers in international organisations such as the United Nations, World Bank, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), media and journalism houses, private sector development consultancy firms, corporate social responsibility (CSR) bodies and research centers.
Alabonia
Alabonia is a genus of gelechioid moths. Here, it is placed within the subfamily Oecophorinae of the concealer moth family (Oecophoridae). Alternatively it has been placed in the Elachistidae or Depressariinae together with its presumed closest relatives. It has also been proposed to separate Alabonia and closely related genera as a subfamily Enicostominae (after the junior synonym of Alabonia), but this has generally not been followed by recent authors regardless of where they placed the present genus.

Species include:

Alabonia chapmani Walsingham,  1903

Alabonia geoffrella

Alabonia herculeella Walsingham, 1903

Alabonia staintoniella (Zeller, 1850)

Alabonia superior Rebel, 1917

Junior synonyms of Alabonia are:

Enicostoma Stephens, 1829

Henicostoma Agassiz, 1847 (unjustified emendation)

Oecophoridae
Oecophoridae (concealer moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The phylogeny and systematics of gelechoid moths are still not fully resolved, and the circumscription of the Oecophoridae is strongly affected by this.
X (Dark Horse Comics)
X is a comic book character who starred in his own self-titled series published by Dark Horse Comics for their Comics Greatest World imprint. He is a dark anti-hero vigilante with little true feeling and a strong tendency to kill.

After the character debuted in Dark Horse Comics #8, his own self-titled series began with a cover date of February, 1994, ending with issue #25 in April 1996.

Dark Horse re-launched the title with issue #0 in April 2013, and a new creative team of Duane Swierczynski and Eric Nguyen.

Matt Haley
Matt Haley (born June 10, 1970) is an American film director, art director and book illustrator artist. He was the art director of Morgan Spurlock's Comic-Con Episode IV: A Fan's Hope feature documentary, which debuted at the 2010 Toronto International Film Festival. He was the artist and creative consultant for both seasons of Stan Lee's TV series Who Wants To Be A Superhero. Notable comic book works include Ghost (Dark Horse Comics), Elseworld's Finest: Supergirl and Batgirl, Batman: Batgirl, the Superman Returns movie adaptation (DC Comics), and The Order (Marvel Comics).

Haley was the artist behind FOX's motion comic Gotham Stories, as well as being published online to promote the new season of Gotham.
Lou Azrael
Lou Azrael (1904-1981) was a journalist who spent most of his six decade career in Baltimore, but who also served, notably, as a war correspondent, during World War II.

Secretary of War Robert P. Patterson honored war correspondents, including Azrael, at an event in Washington, on November 23, 1946.  In 1949 he received the Medal of Freedom from Dwight D. Eisenhower.

Azrael started working for his first newspaper, the Baltimore Sun in 1920, when he was sixteen.  During his career he worked for three other papers, the Baltimore News, the Baltimore Daily Post and The News American.

He was embedded with the 29th Infantry Division, and provided frontline reporting on its activities from the Invasion of Normandy, through the Battle of the Bulge, to Victory in Europe.

Robert P. Patterson
Robert Porter Patterson Sr. (February 12, 1891 – January 22, 1952) was an American judge who served as Under Secretary of War under President Franklin D. Roosevelt and U.S. Secretary of War under President Harry S. Truman. He was a US circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit after he had been a district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.
Coal seams of the South Yorkshire Coalfield
The coal seams worked in the South Yorkshire Coalfield lie mainly in the middle coal measures within what is now formally referred to as the Pennine Coal Measures Group.  These are a series of mudstones, shales, sandstones, and coal seams laid down towards the end of the Carboniferous period between about 320 and 300 million years ago.  The total depth of the strata is about 1.2 kilometres (0.75 mi).

The list of coal seams that follows starts at the shallowest seam and proceeds downwards with the outcrops occurring progressively further west until the deepest coal seam, the Silkstone Seam which outcropped at the western edge of the coalfield.

The thicknesses and depths of each seam are not given as they vary across the coalfield.

Mudstone
Mudstone, a type of mudrock, is a fine-grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds. Mudstone is distinguished from shale by its lack of fissility.

The term mudstone is also used to describe carbonate rocks (limestone or dolomite) that are composed predominantly of carbonate mud. However, in most contexts, the term refers to siliciclastic mudstone, composed mostly of silicate minerals.

The NASA Curiosity rover has found deposits of mudstone on Mars that contain organic substances such as propane, benzene and toluene.
Jennifer Harß
Jennifer Sandra "Jenny" Harß (also anglicised Harss; born 14 July 1987) is a German ice hockey coach and retired goaltender for the German national ice hockey team. A two-time Olympian, she represented Germany at the Winter Olympic Games in 2006 and 2014. During her club career, she tended goal in the German Women's Ice Hockey Bundesliga (DFEL), the men's Oberliga, the men's Bayernliga, and with the Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs women's ice hockey program in the NCAA Division I.

Harß has coached the German women's national under-16 team since 2022.

Anglicisation of names
The anglicisation of personal names is the change of non-English-language personal names to spellings nearer English sounds, or substitution of equivalent or similar English personal names in the place of non-English personal names.
Bear Canyon, Alberta
Bear Canyon is a rural community in northern Alberta, Canada. Located in Clear Hills County, it is 200 km (120 mi) west of Peace River, approximately 200 km (120 mi) northwest of Grande Prairie.

The community had its own school, Bear Canyon School, until the early 2000s. It also took students from nearby farms in British Columbia.

Types of rural communities
Rural Sociologists have identified a number of different types of rural communities, which have arisen as a result of changing economic trends within rural regions of industrial nations.

The basic trend seems to be one in which communities are required to become entrepreneurial. Those that lack the sort of characteristics mentioned below, are forced to either seek out their niche or accept eventual economic defeat. These towns focus on marketing and public relations whilst bidding for business and government operations, such as factories or off-site data processing.

For instance, International Falls, Minnesota markets itself as a site for sub-zero temperature experiments, Ottawa, Illinois has attracted three Japanese firms, Freeport, Maine has become a center for mail-order companies such as L. L. Bean, and Mobile, Arizona has become the home of a number of solid-waste landfills.
Lae F.C.
Lae FC was a short-lived semi-professional soccer club founded in 2013 and dissolved in 2014, based in Lae, Papua New Guinea.

The club took part in only one edition of the Papua New Guinea National Soccer League, in 2014, where they finished the regular season in third place before reaching the Grand Final. Against Hekari United, they trailed 0–3 before crowd trouble caused the game to be abandoned after 70 minutes. The club were eventually awarded the runner-up position, as their regular season record was inferior to that of their opponents.

Lae
Lae (/ˈlɑːeɪ, ˈleɪi/, German: Preußen-Reede, later Lehe) is the capital of Morobe Province and is the second-largest city in Papua New Guinea. It is located near the delta of the Markham River on the northern coast of Huon Gulf. It is at the start of the Highlands Highway, which is the main land transport corridor between the Highlands Region and the coast. Lae is the largest cargo port of the country and is the industrial hub of Papua New Guinea. The city is known as the Garden City and home of the Papua New Guinea University of Technology.
Cesar Conde (artist)
Cesar Conde (born September 23, 1963) is a Filipino-born American artist. He came to Seattle in the early 1970s, when his family emigrated to the United States. Both his parents were white-collar professionals. Conde went to a public school in Seattle and was part of the first busing integration program. However, his first year of schooling was in Chicago's west side, where he was exposed to African-American, Latino and Polish communities. He grew up pressured to assimilate in the American culture in order to survive.

Travel exposed Conde to different cultures, which is reflected in his art. He learned to draw in Florence, Italy and studied painting in Monflanquin, France.

Monflanquin
Monflanquin (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃flɑ̃kɛ̃]; Languedocien: Montflanquin) is a commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department in south-western France. Built in 1256 as a military bastide town on a strategic north-south route, it changed hands several times during the Hundred Years' War.

The village is a member of the Les Plus Beaux Villages de France ("The most beautiful villages of France") association.