hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Good-bye, Billy Radish
Good-bye, Billy Radish is a prize-winning, historical, young-adult novel by the American writer Gloria Skurzynski.

It is set in 1917 in the fictional mill town of Canaan (a parallel to the author's hometown of Duquesne, Pennsylvania, just south of Pittsburgh on the Monongahela River). The book tells the story of two working-class boys, Hank Kerner, who considers himself all-American, and his best friend Bazyli Radichevych, a Ukrainian immigrant whom Hank nicknames Billy Radish. Both are scheduled to enter the steel mill when they turn 14. As they exit childhood, they must cope with the challenges of industrial life as America enters World War I.

In 1992 the novel was selected one of the year's "Best Books" by the School Library Journal.

Mill town
A mill town, also known as factory town or mill village, is a community that developed around one or more textile or other industrial mills, where the local economy centered on mill production and company owners typically provided housing, stores, schools, and other services to support workers and their families. Emerging prominently during the early 19th-century Industrial Revolution, mill towns harnessed water power from rivers to mechanize textile manufacturing, initially concentrating in New England before expanding southward, where they eclipsed northern production by the 1920s through lower labor costs and abundant resources. These towns featured a paternalistic social structure, with mill corporations exerting broad influence over daily life to ensure labor stability and productivity, fostering economic booms that built infrastructure but also vulnerability to market fluctuations, technological changes, and eventual deindustrialization.
Ovčjak
Ovčjak (pronounced [ɔu̯ˈtʃaːk]; German: Schäflein) is a remote abandoned settlement in the Municipality of Črnomelj in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. Its territory is now part of the village of Rožič Vrh.

Rožič Vrh
Rožič Vrh (pronounced [ˈɾoːʒitʃ ˈʋəɾx], in older sources Rožičev verh, German: Roschitschwerch) is a settlement in the hills west of the town of Črnomelj in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. It includes the territory of the abandoned village of Gradec (also known as Zagradec) and Topli Vrh.
Kamiina District, Nagano
Kamiina (上伊那郡, Kamiina-gun) is a district located in southern Nagano Prefecture, Japan.

As of May 2008, the district has an estimated population of 86,453 with a density of 168 persons per km2. The total area is 514.55 km2.

On the other hand, if the cities of Ina and Komagane were included, the area will be known as the Kamiina Region.

Minowa, Nagano
Minowa (箕輪町, Minowa-machi) is a town located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2019, the town had an estimated population of 25,051 in 9,737 households, and a population density of 290 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 85.91 square kilometres (33.17 sq mi).
Sankey Bridges
Sankey Bridges is part of the Parish of St Barnabas in Warrington, a unitary authority in the north-west of England. Located on the turnpike road between Warrington, Prescot and Liverpool over the Sankey Brook, which was the boundary of Great Sankey and The County Borough of Warrington, it became home to many industries after the opening of the Sankey Canal, the first wholly artificial canal built in England during the Industrial Revolution.

When opened, the canal entered the River Mersey through a set of locks situated here, although the canal was subsequently extended to locks further downstream, at Fiddlers Ferry and Runcorn Gap. There are bridges over the canal from where the community takes its name.

There is a community centre for the area.

There is an adjacent disused railway station Sankey Bridges railway station.

Unitary authority
A unitary authority is a type of local authority in New Zealand and the United Kingdom. Unitary authorities are responsible for all local government functions within their areas, or perform additional functions that elsewhere are usually performed by multiple tiers of local government.

Typically, unitary authorities cover towns or cities that are large enough to function independently of a council or other authority. An authority can be a unit of a county or combined authority.
John bar Penkaye
John bar Penkaye (Syriac: ܝܘܚܢܢ ܒܪ ܦܢܟܝ̈ܐ Yōḥannān bar Penkāyē) was a writer of the late seventh century who was a member of the Church of the East. He lived at the time of the fifth Umayyad caliph, Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan.

His surname indicates that his parents came from Feneq, on the Tigris east of Tur Abdin. He was a monk at the monastery of Mar John of Kamul, and later at the monastery of Mar Bassima. Later writers confuse him with John Saba of Dalyatha.

John bar Penkaye's writings provides an eyewitness account of the early Muslim conquests of his time.

Tigris
The Tigris (/ˈtaɪɡrɪs/ TY-griss; see below) is the eastern of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates. The river flows south from the mountains of the Armenian Highlands through the Syrian and Arabian Deserts, before merging with the Euphrates and reaching to the Persian Gulf.

The Tigris passes through historical cities such as Mosul, Tikrit, Samarra and Baghdad. It is also home to archaeological sites and ancient religious communities, including the Mandaeans, who use it for baptism. In ancient times the Tigris nurtured the Assyrian Empire, with remnants such as the relief of King Tiglath-Pileser.

Today the Tigris faces modern threats from geopolitical instability, dam projects, poor water management and climate change, leading to concerns about its sustainability. Efforts to protect and preserve the river's legacy are ongoing, with local archaeologists and activists working to safeguard its future.
Carlos Pignatari
Carlos Eduardo Pignatari (born 9 April 1959 in Votuporanga), mostly known as Carlão Pignatari, is a Brazilian entrepreneur and politician, member of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB).

He was Mayor of Votuporanga for two terms and, in the 2018 state elections, Pignatari was elect state deputy of the state of São Paulo for the third time.

Votuporanga
Votuporanga is a municipality in the Northwest of the São Paulo state, Brazil. The city is located 520 km from São Paulo. The population of the city, according to the IBGE, is 139,676 inhabitants. Votuporanga is the center of a Microregion with 191,475 inhabitants. In 2018, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Votuporanga was formed by Pope Francis.
.30 Thompson Center
The .30 Thompson Center (7.62×48 mm), designated 30 THOMPSON CENTER by SAAMI, 30 TC by the C.I.P., is a centerfire rifle cartridge developed for Thompson Center Arms by Hornady intended to deliver .30-06 Springfield performance in a .308 Winchester length round.

The cartridge was initially offered in the Icon series of bolt-action rifles in 2007, which were released at the same time. While ballistic performance was as expected, consumer acceptance was low and the round has not achieved commercial success. The 6.5mm Creedmoor cartridge was created by necking down the .30 Thompson Center, and has achieved widespread popularity.

Centerfire ammunition
A center-fire (or centerfire) is a type of metallic cartridge used in firearms, where the primer is located at the center of the base of its casing (i.e. "case head").  Unlike rimfire cartridges, the centerfire primer is typically a separate component seated into a recessed cavity (known as the primer pocket) in the case head and is replaceable by reloading the cartridge.

Centerfire cartridges have supplanted the rimfire cartridge, with the exception of a few small calibers. The majority of today's handguns, rifles, and shotguns use centerfire ammunition, with the exception of some .17 caliber, .20 caliber, and .22 caliber rimfire handgun and rifle cartridges, a few small-bore/gauge shotgun shells (intended mainly for use in pest control), and a handful of antiquated rimfire and pinfire cartridges for various firearm actions.
Nicole Morier
Nicole Louise "Coco" Morier is an American singer-songwriter and producer. She began her career in 2002 as one half of the electronic rock duo Electrocute before becoming a songwriter for artists including Britney Spears, Tom Jones, Selena Gomez, Ellie Goulding, Demi Lovato, and Icona Pop. Her best-known compositions include "Heaven on Earth" and "How I Roll", recorded by Britney Spears, the latter of which was named the #1 song of 2011 by Rolling Stone.

As a songwriter Nicole has collaborated with the world's top songwriters and producers including Max Martin, Ryan Tedder, Stargate, and Bloodshy and Avant.

Freescha
Freescha is the musical collaboration of Nick Huntington and Mike McGroarty, based in the San Fernando Valley, California. Huntington and McGroarty have been friends and partners since they met in high school. The duo has released most of their music on Attacknine Records, which is co-run by Huntington and McGroarty.

AllMusic compared the duo's sound to the "nostalgic electronica" of Boards of Canada. Freescha was chosen for URB magazine's "Next 100" artists to watch for in their 2004 year-end special issue.

Freescha co-wrote with Sia the song "Buttons" for Sia's 2008 album, Some People Have Real Problems, and co-wrote with Nicole Morier the song "Heaven On Earth" for Britney Spears's 2007 studio album, Blackout.
Kriszta Incze
Kriszta Tunde Incze (Hungarian: Incze Kriszta Tünde; born 15 May 1996) is a Romanian freestyle wrestler. She is a four-time medalist at the European Wrestling Championships. In 2019, she represented Romania at the European Games in Minsk, Belarus and won one of the bronze medals in the 62 kg event. Incze also represented Romania at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan and 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France.

European Wrestling Championships
The European Wrestling Championships is the second oldest international wrestling competition of the modern world and the main wrestling championships in Europe. It predates World Wrestling Championships and other regional wrestling championships and is second only to the wrestling events at the Olympics. From its inception in 1898 till 1927 only Greco-Roman wrestling was contested. Since 1929 separate freestyle wrestling events were held as well. Since 1970 the two Olympic wrestling styles were contested together during the same unified events. Since 1973 Sambo wrestling was included into the championships programme along with GR and freestyle wrestling (subsequently discontinued and from 1983 contested separately). Since 2014 associated traditional wrestling styles recognized globally by UWW were incorporated into the annual championships schedule.
Tamines
Tamines (French pronunciation: [tamin]; Walloon: Tamene) is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Sambreville, located in the province of Namur, Belgium.

During the Middle Ages, there was a seat of an alderman in the village, which had strong connections to the priory in Oignies on the other side of the Sambre. From the 18th century, coal mining started in the village, and by 1899 most of the area of the village was used for coal mining. The mine closed in 1965. The village was connected to the Charleroi–Namur railway line already in 1843. During World War I, 613 villagers were killed by German troops on 22 August 1914, during the Rape of Belgium. Almost 300 houses were also destroyed during the war.

Namur Province
Namur (French: [namyʁ] ⓘ; Walloon: Nameur; Dutch: Namen [ˈnaːmə(n)] ⓘ) is a province of Wallonia, one of the three regions of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the West) on the Walloon provinces of Hainaut, Walloon Brabant, Liège and Luxembourg in Belgium, and the French department of Ardennes. Its capital and largest city is the city of Namur. As of January 2024, the province of Namur has a population of about 0.5 million.
Mike Richards (cyclist)
Michael Basil Richards (born 11 October 1958) is a track cyclist from New Zealand. At the 1976 Summer Olympics at Montreal he came 9th in the 4000m individual pursuit.

He is a brother of cyclist Jamie Richards who also competed at the 1976 Olympics.

New Zealand at the 1976 Summer Olympics
New Zealand competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The New Zealand Olympic Committee was represented by 80 athletes, 71 men and 9 women, and 29 officials. The flag bearer at the opening ceremony was wrestler David Aspin.

In protest at a tour of South Africa by the All Blacks team early in the year, Congo's official Jean-Claude Ganga led a boycott of 28 African nations as the International Olympic Committee refused to bar the New Zealand team. Some of the nations (including Morocco, Cameroon and Egypt) had already participated however, as the teams only withdrew after the first day. From Southern and Central Africa, only Senegal and Ivory Coast took part. Both Iraq and Guyana also opted to join the Congolese-led boycott. For the full list of boycotting countries, see 1976 Summer Olympics#Non-participating National Olympic Committees
Coleman Glacier (Washington)
Coleman Glacier is located on Mount Baker in the North Cascades of the U.S. state of Washington. Between 1850 and 1950, Coleman Glacier retreated 8,200 ft (2,500 m). During a cooler and wetter period from 1950 to 1979, the glacier advanced 2,480 ft (760 m) but between 1980 and 2006 retreated back 1,443 ft (440 m). Situated on the west slopes of Mount Baker, Coleman Glacier is bordered by the Roosevelt Glacier to the north and the Heliotrope Ridge to the south.

Coleman Glacier was named for Edmund Thomas Coleman, who was part of the first mountaineering team to climb Mount Baker in 1868.

North Cascades
The North Cascades are a section of the Cascade Range of western North America. They span the border between the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. state of Washington and are officially named in the U.S. and Canada as the Cascade Mountains.  The portion in Canada is known to Americans as the Canadian Cascades, a designation that also includes the mountains above the east bank of the Fraser Canyon as far north as the town of Lytton, at the confluence of the Thompson and Fraser Rivers.

They are predominantly non-volcanic, but include the stratovolcanoes Mount Baker, Glacier Peak and Coquihalla Mountain, which are part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc.
Mike Magill
Charles Edward "Mike" Magill (February 8, 1920; Haddonfield, New Jersey – August 31, 2006; Haddonfield, New Jersey) was an American racecar driver.

After serving in the Army during World War II, Magill raced in the AAA and USAC Championship Car series from 1955 to 1959, with 15 career starts. He finished in the top-ten seven times, with his best finish in fourth position in 1955 at Langhorne.

Magill competed in the Indianapolis 500 three times, with his first start coming in 1957. The next year, when racing legend Juan Manuel Fangio was unable to compete due to a contractual conflict, Magill drove the car in which Fangio had been practicing.  He was involved in an accident in the first lap of the race but, after over an hour in the pits, he returned to the track to finish 17th.  He drove in his final 500 in 1959, when he was eliminated from the race in a four-car accident.

American Automobile Association
American Automobile Association (AAA) is a federation of motor clubs throughout North America. AAA is a privately held not-for-profit national member association and service organization with over 60 million members in the United States and Canada. AAA provides services to its members, including roadside assistance and others. Its national headquarters are in Heathrow, Florida.
Jeżów Sudecki
Jeżów Sudecki is a village in Karkonosze County, located in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship of southwestern Poland. It serves as the administrative seat of Gmina Jeżów Sudecki.

Situated approximately 4 km (2 mi) north of Jelenia Góra and 94 km (58 mi) west of the regional capital Wrocław, the village holds historical significance and is known for its connections to gliding aviation.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
The Meriwether
The Meriwether is a pair of condominium towers in Portland, Oregon's South Waterfront district, in the United States, which were completed in 2006.  They are named in honor of noted explorer Meriwether Lewis.

East building, 2009

West building, 2009

Meriwether Lewis
Meriwether Lewis (August 18, 1774 – October 11, 1809) was an American explorer, soldier, politician, and public administrator, best known for his role as the leader of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, also known as the Corps of Discovery, with William Clark.
Their mission was to explore the territory of the Louisiana Purchase, establish trade with, and sovereignty over the natives near the Missouri River, and claim the Pacific Northwest and Oregon Country for the United States before European nations. They also collected scientific data and information on indigenous nations. President Thomas Jefferson appointed him Governor of Upper Louisiana in 1806. He died in 1809 of gunshot wounds, in what was either a murder or suicide.
Gilgel Gibe II Power Station
The Gilgel Gibe II Power Station is a hydroelectric power station on the Omo River in Ethiopia. It is located about 80 km (50 mi) east of Jimma in Wolaita/Dawro Region. The power station receives water from a tunnel entrance 7°55′27″N 37°23′16″E﻿ / ﻿7.92417°N 37.38778°E﻿ / 7.92417; 37.38778﻿ (Gilgel Gibe II Power Station headrace tunnel entrance) on the Gilgel Gibe River. It has an installed capacity of 420 MW and was inaugurated on January 14, 2010. Almost two weeks after inauguration, a portion of the head race tunnel collapsed, causing the station to shut down. Repairs were completed on December 26, 2010.

Jimma
Jimma (Oromo: Jimmaa) is the largest city in southwestern Oromia Region, Ethiopia. It is a special zone of the Oromia Region and is surrounded by Jimma Zone. It has a latitude and longitude of 7°40′N 36°50′E﻿ / ﻿7.667°N 36.833°E﻿ / 7.667; 36.833. Prior to the 2007 census, Jimma was reorganized administratively as a special Zone.
Frode Berg
Frode Berg (born 24 October 1971) is a Norwegian bassist known for his works in classical and contemporary music, jazz, pop, and rock. As a jazz musician, he is known primarily for his performances with Helge Lien Trio In classical and contemporary music, he is primarily known as an orchestral bassist in the Oslo Philharmonic Orchestra (from 2010) and the Tampere Philharmonic Orchestra (2011). In addition, he has been known to play with John Parricelli, Peter Erskine, and Martin Robertson.

Oslo Philharmonic
The Oslo Philharmonic (Norwegian: Oslo-Filharmonien) is a Norwegian symphony orchestra based in Oslo, Norway. The orchestra traces its roots to the Philharmonic Society founded in 1847 and the Christiania Musical Association co-founded by Edvard Grieg in 1871, and was established in its current form in 1919. Since 1977, it has had its home in the Oslo Concert Hall.  The orchestra gives an average of sixty to seventy symphonic concerts annually, the majority of which are broadcast nationally on the radio. The Oslo Philharmonic entered into a close collaboration with the newly established national broadcasting company, the NRK, in 1934. Its chief conductor is Klaus Mäkelä.
1st Arkansas Infantry Regiment (Union)
The 1st Regiment Arkansas Volunteer Infantry (1863–1865) was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Although Arkansas joined the Confederate States of America in 1861, not all of its citizens supported secession. Arkansas formed some 48 infantry regiments to serve in the Confederate Army, but also formed another 11 regiments that served in the Union Army.

Arkadelphia, Arkansas
Arkadelphia is a city in Clark County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,380. The city is the county seat of Clark County. It is situated at the foothills of the Ouachita Mountains. Two universities, Henderson State University and Ouachita Baptist University, are located here. Arkadelphia was incorporated in 1857.
Blue amber
Blue amber is a rare variety of amber resin that exhibits a blue coloration. Blue amber has been most commonly found in the Dominican Republic—especially in the amber mines around the city of Santiago and, less commonly, in the eastern half of the country. In the modern age, it was discovered at about the same time as Dominican amber.

Anthracene
Anthracene is a solid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) of formula C14H10, consisting of three fused benzene rings. It is a component of coal tar. Anthracene is used in the production of the red dye alizarin and other dyes, as a scintillator to detect high energy particles, as production of pharmaceutical drugs. Anthracene is colorless but exhibits a blue (400–500 nm peak) fluorescence under ultraviolet radiation.
Yavuz Selim, Etimesgut
Yavuz Selim is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Etimesgut, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 11,021 (2022). It is between Güzelkent and Ata.

The district is about 30 km to the Ankara city centre, and 60 km to the Esenboğa International Airport.

Etimesgut
Etimesgut, formerly Ahimesut, is a municipality and metropolitan district of Ankara Province, Turkey. Its area is 273 km2, and its population is 614,891 (2022). It mainly consists of large public housing projects, 25 km (16 mi) from Ankara city centre. Its elevation is 843 m (2,766 ft).
Earth–Moon–Earth communication
Earth–Moon–Earth communication (EME), also known as Moon bounce, is a radio communications technique that relies on the propagation of radio waves from an Earth-based transmitter directed via reflection from the surface of the Moon back to an Earth-based receiver.

Amateur radio operator
An amateur radio operator is someone who uses equipment at an amateur radio station to engage in two-way personal communications with other amateur operators on radio frequencies assigned to the amateur radio service. Amateur radio operators have been granted an amateur radio license by a governmental regulatory authority after passing an examination on applicable regulations, electronics, radio theory, and radio operation. As a component of their license, amateur radio operators are assigned a call sign that they use to identify themselves during communication. About three million amateur radio operators are currently active worldwide.

Amateur radio operators are also known as radio amateurs or hams. The term "ham" as a nickname for amateur radio operators originated in a pejorative usage (like "ham actor") by operators in commercial and professional radio communities, and dates to wired telegraphy. The word was, in the 1920s, adopted by amateur radio operators.