hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ahmad Mohseni Garakani
Sheikh Ahmad Mohseni Garakani Persian: شیخ احمد محسنی گرکانی, (born 1926) is an Iranian Ayatollah. He was the Imam of Friday Prayer in Tuyserkan and the Chief of the Supreme Court of Iran, as well as representing the people of Markazi province in the Assembly of Experts from 1998 to 2024.

Ayatollah
Ayatollah (UK: /ˌaɪəˈtɒlə/, also US: /ˌaɪəˈtoʊlə/; Arabic: آية الله, romanized: ʾāyatu llāh; Persian: آیت‌الله, romanized: âyatollâh [ɒːjjætˌolˈlɒːh]) is a title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy. It came into widespread usage in the 20th century.

Originally used as a title bestowed by popular/clerical acclaim for a small number of the most distinguished  marja' at-taqlid mujtahid, it suffered from "inflation"  following the 1979 Iranian Revolution when it came to be used for "any established mujtahid". By 2015, it was further expanded to include any student who had passed their Mujtahid final exam, leading to "thousands" of Ayatollahs.

The title is not used by the Sunni community of Iran, due to their belief that Muhammad did not appoint a successor.

In the Western world – especially after the Iranian Revolution – it was associated with Ruhollah Khomeini, who was so well known as to often be referred to as "The Ayatollah".
The Touch (McCullough novel)
The Touch is a historical novel by Colleen McCullough published in 2003. It is about the life of a Scotswoman, Elizabeth Drummond, who travels from her home in Kinross, Scotland to New South Wales in order to marry her wealthy cousin, Alexander Kinross. The story takes place over the latter half of the 19th century.

Kinross
Kinross (/kɪnˈrɒs/, Scottish Gaelic: Ceann Rois) is a burgh in Perth and Kinross, Scotland, around 13 miles (21 kilometres) south of Perth and around 20 miles (32 kilometres) northwest of Edinburgh. It is the traditional county town of the historic county of Kinross-shire.
Martin Brain
Martin Richard Brain (22 December 1932, Birmingham – 25 May 1970(1970-05-25) (aged 37), Silverstone) was a British racing driver known for his exploits in British hillclimbs and club racing.

Brain was a familiar figure within the hillclimbing community both as driver and mechanic. The peak of his career was finishing as overall runner-up to Peter Lawson in the 1968 British Hillclimb Championship in a Cooper T81B F1 chassis which he had fitted with a 7.2l Chrysler V8 engine, taking one win and four second places. The following year he drove this car and a Cooper T86B BRM F1 car to take 4th place in the championship with a further two wins. Brain scored two race wins in club Formula Libre races, firstly at Silverstone in September 1969 and Croft in May 1970.

He died in a race organised by Nottingham Sportscar Club at Silverstone when his Cooper BRM left the track during a close dice with Graham Eden's Chevron and flipped.

Cooper T81
The Cooper T81 is a Formula One car produced by the Cooper Car Company for the 1966 Formula One season. It represented something of a comeback for Cooper's fortunes, winning two races and enabling Cooper to finish third in the Constructors' Championship in 1966 and 1967.
Hagerman horse
Equus simplicidens, also known as the Hagerman horse and American zebra, is an extinct species of equine native to North America during the Pliocene and Early Pleistocene. It is one of the oldest and most primitive members of the genus Equus. It is the state fossil of Idaho, where abundant remains of the species were discovered near the town of Hagerman in 1928.

Early Pleistocene
The Early Pleistocene is an unofficial sub-epoch in the international geologic timescale in chronostratigraphy, representing the earliest division of the Pleistocene Epoch within the ongoing Quaternary Period. It is currently estimated to span the time between 2.580 ± 0.005 Ma (million years ago) and 0.773 ± 0.005 Ma. The term Early Pleistocene applies to both the Gelasian Age and the Calabrian Age.

While the Gelasian and the Calabrian have officially been defined by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) to effectively constitute the Early Pleistocene, the succeeding Chibanian and Tarantian ages have yet to be ratified. These proposed ages are unofficially termed the Middle Pleistocene and Late Pleistocene respectively. The Chibanian provisionally spans time from 773 ka to 126 ka, and the Tarantian from then until the definitive end of the whole Pleistocene, c. 9700 BC in the 10th millennium BC.
Statue of John Wilkes
The statue of John Wilkes is a statue on Fetter Lane in the City of London.

John Wilkes was a radical politician who would serve as a Member of Parliament as well as Lord Mayor of London. Among other things Wilkes campaigned for voters' rights and freedom of the press, himself using his newspaper The North Briton to express his grievances with the government. His imprisonment in the Tower of London under a general warrant received such outrage as to make such warrants outlawed two years later.

The monument was largely the result of Dr James Cope's goal of earning John Wilkes a place of commemoration in the City. Funds were raised primarily from livery companies, newspapers and the City of London Corporation. It was designed by James Butler and unveiled in 1988 by Cope. The statue declares Wilkes as "A Champion of English Freedom", and notably depicts him characteristically cross-eyed, making it the only cross-eyed statue in London.

The North Briton
The North Briton was a radical newspaper published in 18th-century London. The North Briton also served as the pseudonym of the newspaper's author, used in advertisements, letters to other publications, and handbills.

Although written anonymously, The North Briton is closely associated with the name of John Wilkes. The newspaper is chiefly famous for issue number 45, the forty or so court cases spawned by that issue, and for the genesis of "45" as a popular slogan of liberty in the latter part of the 18th century. The paper was also known for its virulently anti-Scottish sentiment.
Kerin
Kerin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

John F. Kerin (1944–2006), Australian physician and professor

John Kerin (1937–2023), Australian economist and politician

Nora Kerin (1883-1970), British actress

Rob Kerin (born 1954), Australian politician

Zac Kerin (born 1991), American football player

Rob Kerin
Robert Gerard Kerin (born 4 January 1954) is a former South Australian politician who was the Premier of South Australia from 22 October 2001 to 5 March 2002, representing the South Australian Division of the Liberal Party of Australia. He was also Deputy Premier of South Australia from 7 July 1998 until he became Premier and, after losing government, leader of the opposition until after the 2006 election.
Sri Aurobindo Ashram, Rewa
Sri Aurobindo Ashram is a temple of Sri Aurobindo and The Mother of Sri Aurobindo Ashram Pondicherry. It is situated on National Highway No.7 only 16 km from Rewa near Allahabad in Madhya Pradesh (India). Sri Aurobindo's relics were installed here on 31.11.1975 on the day of Deepawali. Since then, Sri Aurobindo Bal Vidya Mandir (the school), Mira Aditi Shishu Chhatrawas (the hostel), Sri Aurobindo Library, Aradhana (the community kitchen) and Sadhana (the guest house) have evolved as component parts of Ma Mandir.

Pondicherry
Pondicherry, officially known as Puducherry, is the capital and most populous city of the Union Territory of Puducherry in India. The city is in the Puducherry district on the southeast coast of India and is surrounded by the Bay of Bengal to the east and the state of Tamil Nadu, with which it shares most of its culture, heritage, and language.
Madalum
Madalum, officially the Municipality of Madalum (Maranao: Inged a Madalum; Tagalog: Bayan ng Madalum), is a municipality in the province of Lanao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 26,478 people.

Lanao del Sur
Lanao del Sur (Filipino: Timog Lanao; Meranaw and Iranun: Pagabagatan Ranao; Jawi (Batang Arab):  لاناو الجنوبى‎), officially the Province of Lanao del Sur, is a province in the Philippines located in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). The capital is the city of Marawi (the most populous in the province), and it borders Lanao del Norte to the north, Bukidnon to the east, and Maguindanao del Norte and Cotabato to the south. To the southwest lies Illana Bay, an arm of the Moro Gulf.

Situated in the interior of Lanao del Sur is Lake Lanao, the largest lake in Mindanao.
Amazing Comics
Several comics, comic book series or publishers have been called Amazing Comics:

Amazing (a.k.a. Amazing Comics a.k.a. Amazing Publishing Company), an American black-and-white comic publisher associated with David Campiti that operated from 1986 to 1987

Amazing Comics, a comic book series published by Marvel Comics beginning in 1944 (changing its title to Complete Comics with issue #2)

Amazing Comics, a British comic book by Denis Gifford published by Modern Fiction in 1949

Amazing Comics (コミックス), a manga publication that ran five issues in 1988–1989, published by Kasakura Shuppansha

Amazing Comics, a four-issue series published by Avalon Communications in 2000 which featured reprints of the Terry and the Pirates comic strip

Amazing Comics Group, a publisher from the mid-1990s, also associated with David Campiti, known for such titles as Angel Heat: The Ninth Order, Dangerous Secrets, and The Experimentals

Amazing Comix, a comic book retailer in El Cajon, California

Terry and the Pirates
Terry and the Pirates is an action-adventure comic strip created by cartoonist Milton Caniff, which originally ran from October 22, 1934, to February 25, 1973. Captain Joseph Patterson, editor for the Chicago Tribune New York News Syndicate, had admired Caniff's work on the children's adventure strip Dickie Dare and hired him to create the new adventure strip, providing Caniff with the title and locale.  The Dragon Lady leads the evil pirates; conflict with the pirates was diminished in priority when World War II started.

The strip was read by 31 million newspaper subscribers between 1934 and 1946. In 1946, Caniff won the first Cartoonist of the Year Award from the National Cartoonists Society for his work on Terry and the Pirates.

Writer Tom De Haven described Terry and the Pirates as "the great strip of World War II" and "The Casablanca of comics".
Plains Farm
54°53′17″N 1°24′40″W﻿ / ﻿54.888°N 1.411°W﻿ / 54.888; -1.411
Plains Farm (known locally as Plainsy) is a suburb of Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, England, and is a council-built housing estate, erected in the 1940s. Neighbouring areas include Silksworth, Barnes, Thorney Close, Springwell and Farringdon. The housing in the area is run predominantly by Home Group and Gentoo Sunderland. Many houses are rented via the two companies; others have been purchased by home owners. The majority of housing is either Terraced or Semi Detached.

Home Group
Home Group is a Housing Association in the United Kingdom. They trace their origins to the North Eastern Housing Association founded in 1935. The organisation houses over 120,000 people in 55,000 homes across England, Scotland and Wales.
Herefoss (municipality)
Herefoss is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1967 when it was merged into Birkenes municipality in what is now Agder county. Herefoss was a 148-square-kilometre (57 sq mi) area surrounding the Herefossfjorden (part of the river Tovdalselva). The administrative centre was the village of Herefoss where the Herefoss Church is located. The other main village was Søre Herefoss, located in the southern part of the municipality.

Tovdalselva
Tovdalselva (also known as the Tofdalselva, Tovdalsåna, Tovdalsåni, literally: the Tov valley river) is 143 kilometres (89 mi) long and is one of the longest rivers in Southern Norway. The river flows through Agder county from the mountains on the northeast side of the Setesdal valley in Valle municipality southwards, until it reaches the sea at the Tofdalsfjorden between Hamresanden and Kjevik in Kristiansand.  The upper reaches of the river include many lakes such as the Herefossfjorden and the Straumsfjorden (the largest lake on the river). It drains about 1,800 square kilometres (690 sq mi) in territory and the highest point in the watershed is 1,101 metres (3,612 ft) above sea level. The drainage basin includes parts or all of the following municipalities: Fyresdal, Valle, Bygland, Evje og Hornnes, Åmli, Froland, Grimstad, Birkenes, Iveland, Lillesand, and Kristiansand.
2022 deaths in the United Kingdom
The following notable deaths in the United Kingdom occurred in 2022. Names are reported under the date of death, in alphabetical order as set out in WP:NAMESORT.
A typical entry reports information in the following sequence:
Name, age, country of citizenship at birth and subsequent nationality (if applicable), what subject was noted for, year of birth (if known), and reference.

Secret Army (TV series)
Secret Army is a British television drama made by the BBC and the Belgian national broadcaster BRT (now VRT) created by Gerard Glaister. It tells the story of a fictional Belgian resistance movement in German-occupied Belgium during the Second World War, an escape line dedicated to returning Allied airmen, usually shot down by the Luftwaffe, to Great Britain. It was made in the UK and Belgium and three series were broadcast on BBC1 between 7 September 1977 and 15 December 1979.

Fay Weldon said of the series: "There is, in the making of such programmes, a level of professionalism, and sheer patient, largely unacclaimed, hard work from producer to script editor to writer to designer to vision mixer to editor by way of sound and lighting engineers that is probably equalled only in a heart transplant theatre".
Paddy Ryan (rugby union, born 1998)
Paddy Ryan (born October 13, 1998) is an Irish-American professional rugby union player.

A native of County Kildare, Ryan is the son of Irish judo champion Paul Ryan and Boston-born Cathy Ryan. He competed with his parents and sister Aoife in the fifth season of RTÉ television series Ireland's Fittest Family. Educated at Newbridge College, Ryan was a Leinster underage representative back-rower and trained with Ulster's sub-academy.

Ryan started his career with Northampton and won a premiership with their reserves (Wanderers) in the 2017/18 season. He remained there until 2020 and played on loan at Bedford, Coventry and Leicester. After Northampton, Ryan had stints with the Cornish Pirates and Ampthill. He was signed by Coventry in 2023 and was first capped by the United States in that year's international against Romania in Bucharest, scoring a debut try in a 14-point win for the Americans.

Newbridge College
Newbridge College (Irish: Coláiste Dhroichead Nua), the Dominican College Newbridge, is a co-educational private fee-paying voluntary secondary school in Newbridge, County Kildare, Ireland, run by the Roman Catholic Dominican Order. The Dominican Friars founded Newbridge Dominican College in 1852 as a boarding school for boys. Today, still run by the Dominican Fathers, Newbridge College is a mixed day school with a student population of almost 1,000 pupils. It is also the home of a resident Community of Dominican Friars - the Priory and Church being centred between the two wings of the College buildings.
Vernon Symonette
Vernon Symonette (8 November 1937 - 7 July 2022) was a Bahamian politician and former Speaker of the House of Assembly.

He was born on 8 November 1937 in Matthew Town, Inagua. He worked as an accountant. He was a freemason and treasurer in Zion Baptist Church, Inagua.

He was a member of Free National Movement. He was first elected to the House of Assembly of the Bahamas in 1982. He represented the Mayaguana, Inagua, Crooked Island, Acklins and Long Cay constituency. He was elected Speaker of the House from 1992 to 1997. He was a member of the House of Assembly until 2002. He was minister of state in the ministry of works. He was also non-resident ambassador to several Central American countries.

He died on 7 July 2022.

Parliament of the Bahamas
The Parliament of The Bahamas is the bicameral national parliament of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas. The parliament is formally made up of the sovereign (represented by the governor-general), an appointed Senate, and an elected House of Assembly. It currently sits at the Bahamian Parliament Building in Nassau, the national capital.

The structure, functions, and procedures of the parliament are based on the Westminster system.
Harry Hyman
Harry Hyman (born 1956 in Harrow, United Kingdom) is a British property entrepreneur. In 1994, he founded Primary Health Properties, a company based on the idea of purchasing primary health care premises and leasing them back to NHS General Practitioners through property investment. The company is part of the FTSE 250 and operates more than 480 medical centers.  He is now the non-executive Chair having handed over the CEO baton to Mark Davies in 2024.

Hyman is chair of Biopharma Credit, a listed investment trust with the ticker BPCR.

Primary Health Properties
Primary Health Properties plc is a British real estate investment company headquartered in London, England. As of June 2025, the company owns and operates more than 500 primary healthcare facilities within the United Kingdom and Ireland. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is also a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.
Toponyms of Turkey
The toponyms of Turkey result from the legacy left by several linguistic heritages: the Turkish language (spoken as first language by the majority of the population), the Greek language, the Armenian language, the Kurdish language, the Laz language as well as several other languages once spoken widely in Turkey. Turkey's place names range from those of unknown or unrecognizable origins to more clearly derivable onomastics. Many places have had their names changed throughout history as new language groups dominated the landbridge that present day Turkey is. A systematic turkification of place names was carried out when the worldwide wave of nationalism reached Turkey during the 20th century (See also: Place name changes in Turkey).

Betacism
In historical linguistics, betacism (UK: /ˈbiːtəsɪzəm/ BEE-tə-siz-əm, US: /ˈbeɪ-/ BAY-) is a sound change in which [b] (the voiced bilabial plosive, as in bane) and [v] (the voiced labiodental fricative [v], as in vane) are confused. The final result of the process can be either /b/ → [v] or /v/ → [b]. Betacism is a fairly common phenomenon; it has taken place in Greek, Hebrew, and several Romance languages.
1945 Irish local elections
The 1945 local elections in Ireland were held on 14 June 1945 to fill all council seats for most counties and county boroughs and municipal towns. The state was still under the Emergency of the Second World War. As a cost-saving measure, electoral law was amended to bring forward the date of the local elections a few weeks to coincide with the 1945 presidential election.

Dublin County Council and Kerry County Council had been dissolved, and no elections were held for their councils. There was no poll for six urban district councils and four town commissioners because the number of candidates did not exceed the number of seats.

Urban and rural districts (Ireland)
Urban and rural districts were divisions of administrative counties in Ireland created in 1899. These local government areas elected urban district councils (UDCs) and rural district councils (RDCs) respectively which shared responsibilities with a county council. They were established when all of Ireland was part of the United Kingdom.

In Northern Ireland, both urban and rural districts were abolished in 1973. In the Republic of Ireland, which had left the United Kingdom in 1922 as the Irish Free State, rural districts were abolished in the Irish Free State in 1925, except in County Dublin, where they were abolished in 1930. Urban district councils continued until 2002, when they were replaced by town councils. These were abolished in turn in 2014, resulting in a single tier only of local government in the Republic of Ireland.
Acalyptris minimella
Acalyptris minimella is a species of moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is widespread and common in the western Mediterranean region, usually not far from the sea. It has been recorded from Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Croatia, Ibiza, Mallorca, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily. It is also present in North Africa, where it has been recorded from Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia.

The wingspan is 4.1-5.8 mm. There are two or more generations per year.

The larvae feed on Pistacia lentiscus and Pistacia terebinthus. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Pistacia lentiscus
Pistacia lentiscus (also lentisk or mastic) is a dioecious evergreen shrub or small tree of the genus Pistacia native to the Mediterranean Basin. It grows up to 4 m (13 ft) tall and is cultivated for its aromatic resin, mainly on the Greek island of Chios, around the Turkish town of Çeşme and northern parts of Iraq.
Samuel Jessner
Samuel Jessner (21. December 1858 - 7 December 1929) was a German dermatologist known for his work on the skin and hair symptoms of patients with syphilis.

Jessner was born in Dorbian (now Darbėnai), Russian Empire, and studied medicine at the University of Königsberg. After completing his doctorate, he habilitated there as well. He dealt mainly with skin and venereal diseases. He was chairman of the Königsberg branch of the free-religious Deutschen Gesellschaft für ethische Kultur (German Society for Ethical Culture). His sons were the dermatologist Max Jessner and the theater director and director Fritz Jessner.

University of Königsberg
The University of Königsberg (German: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was a university in Königsberg, East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Prussia and received the royal privilege by King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland in 1560. The university was commonly known as the Albertina.

Following World War II, the city of Königsberg (renamed Kaliningrad) was transferred to the Soviet Union under the terms of the 1945 Potsdam Agreement. The Albertina was closed and the remaining German population was expelled. Today, the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University claims to maintain the traditions of the Albertina.
Mukwonago High School
Mukwonago High School is located in Mukwonago in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States.  It is part of the Mukwonago Area School District.  Approximately 1700 students attend the school, which has over 150 staff members.

The original building at 308 Washington Avenue was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 7, 1994, but was delisted on May 12, 2009. The current building, erected in the 1970s, is at 605 W. School Road (Hwy NN) in Mukwonago.

The Mukwonago School District serves the villages of Big Bend and Mukwonago, the Town of Mukwonago, parts of the towns of Eagle, East Troy, Genesee, and Ottawa, part of the village of North Prairie, and part of the city of Muskego.

Muskego, Wisconsin
Muskego (/mʌsˈkiːɡoʊ/ ⓘ) is a city in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 25,032. It is part of the Milwaukee metropolitan area.

The name Muskego is derived from the Potawatomi Indian name for the area, "Mus-kee-Guaac", meaning sunfish. The Potawatomi were the original inhabitants of Muskego. Muskego is the fifth-largest community in Waukesha County, and has a large Norwegian American population. There are three lakes within the city's boundaries.