hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Associateship of King's College
The Associateship of King's College (AKC) award was the degree-equivalent qualification of King's College London from 1833. It is the original qualification that King's awarded to its students. In current practice, it is an optional award, unique to King's College London, that students can study in addition to their degree proper. After successfully completing the AKC course, participants may apply to be elected by the Academic Board of King's College London as an 'Associate of King's College' (AKC). Once their election has been ratified, they are permitted to use the post-nominal letters "AKC" along with their main qualification.

Post-nominal letters
Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominal initials, post-nominal titles, designatory letters, or simply post-nominals, are letters placed after a person's name to indicate that the individual holds a position, an academic degree, accreditation, an office, a military decoration, or honour, or is a member of a religious institute or fraternity. An individual may use several different sets of post-nominal letters, but in some contexts it may be customary to limit the number of sets to one or just a few. The order in which post-nominals are listed after a name is based on rules of precedence and what is appropriate for a given situation. Post-nominal letters are one of the main types of name suffix. In contrast, pre-nominal letters precede the name rather than follow it, such as addressing a physician or professor as "Dr. Smith".
85th Minnesota Legislature
The eighty-fifth Minnesota Legislature first convened on January 3, 2007. The 67 members of the Minnesota Senate and the 134 members of the Minnesota House of Representatives were all elected during the General Election on November 7, 2006.

Minnesota Senate
The Minnesota Senate is the upper house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota. At 67 members, half as many as the Minnesota House of Representatives, it is the largest upper house of any U.S. state legislature. Floor sessions are held in the west wing of the State Capitol in Saint Paul. Committee hearings, as well as offices for senators and staff, are located north of the State Capitol in the Minnesota Senate Building. Each member of the Minnesota Senate represents approximately 85,000 constituents.
Mount McKay
Mount McKay (Ojibwe: Anemki Wajiw) is a mafic sill located south of Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada, on the First Nation Reserve of the Fort William First Nation.

It is the highest, most northern and best known of the Nor'Wester Mountains. It formed during a period of magmatic activity associated with the large Midcontinent Rift System about 1,100 million years ago.

Since 1933, there is a road allowing for acces to a plateau on the mountain.

Mafic
A mafic mineral or rock is a silicate mineral or igneous rock rich in magnesium and iron. Most mafic minerals are dark in color, and common rock-forming mafic minerals include olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, and biotite. Common mafic rocks include basalt, diabase and gabbro. Mafic rocks often also contain calcium-rich varieties of plagioclase feldspar. Mafic materials can also be described as ferromagnesian.
Gottolengo
Gottolengo (Italian: [ɡottoˈleŋɡo, -ˈlɛŋ-]; Brescian: Otalènch) is a comune (municipality) with a population of 5,043 inhabitants, located in the Province of Brescia in Lombardy, Italy. It lies within the Bassa Bresciana, the southernmost part of the province, which encompasses the greatest number of comuni—sixty-one in total.

Gottolengo holds significant archaeological importance due to the numerous artifacts unearthed since the mid-1920s in the Castellaro area. Today, the comune serves as an industrial hub while retaining many traces of its rural heritage, to which the town remained closely tied until just a few decades ago. The small, now uninhabited frazione (borough) of Solaro is situated north of the main settlement.

Desiderius
Desiderius, also known as Daufer or Dauferius (born c. 720 – died c. 786), was king of the Lombards in northern Italy, ruling from 756 to 774. The Frankish king of renown, Charlemagne, married Desiderius's daughter and subsequently conquered his realm. Desiderius is remembered for this connection to Charlemagne and for being the last Lombard ruler to exercise regional kingship.
Bo Ellis
Maurice H. "Bo" Ellis (born August 8, 1954) is an American former professional basketball player.

After graduating from Chicago's Parker High School, Ellis, a 6-9 forward, played college basketball for the Marquette Golden Eagles and won an NCAA championship in 1977. An art major in college he received by going to class at Mount Mary College Fashion Design Program, Ellis created several different uniform designs worn by his team during the 1977 season.

After graduating, he played three seasons of professional basketball for the Denver Nuggets of the NBA, averaging 3.6 points per game. He later held coaching positions at Marquette and Chicago State University, and worked with the Chicago Public Schools' athletics administration.

Chicago State University
Chicago State University (CSU) is a public university in Chicago, Illinois, United States.

Founded in 1867 as Cook County Normal School by the Cook County Board of Commissioners, it was established as the first teacher training school in Cook County. In 1949, when it was known as Chicago Teachers College, the institution was divided into two branches, with one eventually becoming Northeastern Illinois University. The state government of Illinois began funding the institution in 1951 and assumed full control in 1965. It was renamed the current name in 1971. CSU is a predominantly black (PBI) university. As of 2025, CSU had an 11 percent graduation rate within a four-year period of study.
Lord-Lieutenant's Cadet
The Lord-Lieutenant's Cadet is seen as the aide and representative of the cadet forces to the British royal family and the Lord-lieutenant in an administrative county of England, Scotland, Wales & Northern Ireland. Typically, one is chosen from each of the main cadet forces, the Army Cadet Force, Air Training Corps and Sea Cadets (United Kingdom). Occasionally, one may also be chosen from the Combined Cadet Force, Police cadets or the St John Ambulance Cadets. They are selected each year at the Lord-Lieutenant's awards in each county.

They provide an essential link between the armed forces and the local community, assist with recruiting within the cadet forces and assist the county's Reserve Forces and Cadets Association. The cadet from each arm of the cadet forces is selected and appointed based on their outreach and participation within their squadron, detachment or unit, and is seen as one of the highest achievements in the Cadet Forces.

Sea Cadets (United Kingdom)
The Sea Cadet Corps is a national youth charity operating in England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, Malta and Bermuda. Cadets follow an ethos, training plan and rank structure similar to that of the Royal Navy, and are recognised by the UK Ministry of Defence.
Deniliquin
Deniliquin (/dəˈnɪlɪkwɪn/) is a town in the western Riverina region of south-western New South Wales, Australia, close to the border with Victoria. It is the largest town in the Edward River Council local government area.

Deniliquin is located at the intersection of the Riverina and Cobb Highway approximately 725 kilometres (450 mi) south west of the state capital, Sydney and 285 kilometres (177 mi) due north of Melbourne. The town is divided in two parts by the Edward River, an anabranch of the Murray River, with the main business district located on the south bank.

The town services a productive agricultural district with prominent dairy, rice, wool and timber industries. At the 2021 census, the population of Deniliquin was 6,431.

Anabranch
An anabranch is a section of a river or stream that diverts from the main channel or stem of the watercourse and rejoins the main stem downstream. Local anabranches can be the result of small islands in the watercourse. In larger anabranches, the flow can diverge for a distance of several, or even hundreds, of kilometers before rejoining the main channel.
Peto Galim
Peto Galim is a Malaysian politician and engineer who has served as the State Assistant Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Industries of Sabah in the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) administration under Chief Minister Hajiji Noor and Minister Jeffrey Kitingan since January 2023 and Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Inanam since September 2020. He is a member of the People's Justice Party (PKR), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition. He has served as the State Deputy Chairman of PKR of Sabah since May 2024 and Division Chief of PKR of Sepanggar since July 2022.

Inanam (state constituency)
Inanam is a state constituency in Sabah, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Sabah State Legislative Assembly. It is mandated to return a single member to the Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system.
2006 NCAA Division II men's soccer tournament
The 2006 NCAA Division II Men's Soccer Championship was the 35th annual tournament held by the NCAA to determine the top men's Division II college soccer program in the United States. Thirty-two teams participated in the tournament.

The Dowling Golden Lions defeated Fort Lewis, 1–0, at the DII Championship Festival, held in Pensacola, Florida. Morten Jensen scored the match's lone goal in the 38th minute to give the Golden Lions the school's first national title.

Dowling, who finished the season 22-0-2, were coached by John Dirico.

Fort Lewis Skyhawks
The Fort Lewis Skyhawks are the athletic teams that represent Fort Lewis College, located in Durango, Colorado, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Skyhawks compete as members of the Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference for all 11 varsity sports. The college's teams were previously known as the Beavers, Aggies, and Raiders.
Sumera Hydroelectric Power Plant
Sumera Hydroelectric Power Plant is one of the oldest hydroelectric power plants or hydel power stations in India. It is located at Sumera Dariyapur in Jawan Sikandarpur of Aligarh District, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Bulandshahr
Bulandshahr, formerly Baran, is a city and a municipal board in Bulandshahr district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.

It is the administrative headquarters of Bulandshahr district and part of Delhi NCR region. According to the Government of India, district Bulandshahr is one of the Minority Concentrated Districts of India on the basis of the 2011 census data on population, socio-economic indicators and basic amenities indicators.
Packard Light Eight
The Packard Ninth Series Light Eight Model 900 was an automobile model produced by the Packard Motor Car Company of Detroit, Michigan only during model year 1932. The Light Eight was planned as a new entry model, building off the 1928 Packard Six. It competed in the upper middle-class with makes like GM's Companion Brand LaSalle, Marquette and Chrysler's DeSoto, and the top-level products from Studebaker, Hudson, and Nash. The marketing objective was to add a new market segment for Packard during the depression.

Packard did not use yearly model changes in these years. A new series appeared when management felt that there were enough running changes made. Therefore, the Light Eight was introduced during January 1932, together with the new V-12 (called "Twin Six" in its first year to honor the pioneer Packard model built from 1915 to 1923). Standard Eights and Super Eights followed in June 1932.

LaSalle (automobile)
LaSalle was an American brand of luxury automobiles manufactured and marketed, as a separate brand, by General Motors' Cadillac division from 1927 through 1940. Alfred P. Sloan, GM's Chairman of the Board, developed the concept for four new GM marques – LaSalle, Marquette, Viking and Pontiac – paired with already established brands to fill price gaps he perceived in the General Motors product portfolio. Sloan created LaSalle as a companion marque for Cadillac. LaSalle automobiles were manufactured by Cadillac, but were priced lower than Cadillac-branded automobiles, were shorter, and were marketed as the second-most prestigious marque in the General Motors portfolio. LaSalles were titled as LaSalles, and not as Cadillacs. Like Cadillac – named after Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac – the LaSalle brand name was based on that of another French explorer, René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle.
James Kok Ruey
James Kok Ruea has been the Governor of Western Bieh State, South Sudan since 24 December 2015. He is the first governor of the state, which was created by President Salva Kiir on 2 October 2015.
James Kok is currently an MP in National parliament representing Pangak constituency since 2021.
He previously served as the Minister of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management and later a Member of Parliament, representing Fangak County in Jonglei. In 2001, he represented the Sudan People's Defense Forces/Democratic Front in negotiations with the Sudan People's Liberation Army, incurring the wrath of less conciliatory SPDF members who saw cooperation as betrayal.

Sudan People's Defense Forces/Democratic Front
The Sudan People's Defense Forces/Democratic Front (SPDF) was an anti-government militia active in Upper Nile from 2000 to 2002.

Riek Machar formed the SPDF mostly from deserters of the pro-Khartoum South Sudan Defence Forces (SSDF) and later merged it with the SPLM/A.
USS Lorain County
USS Lorain County (LST-1177) was a De Soto County-class tank landing ship built for the United States Navy during the late 1950s. Named after Lorain County, Ohio, she was the only U.S. Naval vessel to bear the name.

Lorain County was designed under project SCB 119 and laid down 9 August 1956 by the American Ship Building Company of Lorain, Ohio; launched 22 June 1957; sponsored by Mrs. Albert D. Baumhart, Jr., wife of Congressman Baumhart of Ohio; and commissioned at New Orleans 3 October 1958.

Lorain, Ohio
Lorain (/lɔːˈreɪn/) is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States. It is located in Northeast Ohio on Lake Erie at the mouth of the Black River, about 25 miles (40 km) west of Cleveland. With a population of 65,211 at the 2020 census, Lorain is the ninth-most populous city in Ohio, the most populous in Lorain County and the third-most populous in Greater Cleveland.
Raiden II
Raiden II (雷電II, Raiden Tsū) is a 1993 vertically scrolling shooter arcade video game developed and published by Seibu Kaihatsu. It is the second game in the Raiden series which started with Raiden in 1990.

Raiden II was ported to Windows by Kinesoft and Microsoft Corporation. The Windows version uses Red Book audio for music. This game and the original Raiden were released for the PlayStation as The Raiden Project.

Vertically scrolling video game
A vertically scrolling video game or vertical scroller is a video game in which the player views the field of play principally from a top-down perspective, while the background scrolls from the top of the screen to the bottom (or, less often, from the bottom to the top) to create the illusion that the player character is moving in the game world.

Continuous vertical scrolling is designed to suggest the appearance of constant forward motion, such as driving. The game sets a pace for play, and the player must react quickly to the changing environment. While top-down racing games, skiing and other sports games, and pinball simulations all commonly use vertical scrolling, the genre of vertically scrolling shooters has made it a fundamental design element.
Musée d'archéologie et d'histoire naturelle de Montbéliard
The Musée d'archéologie et d'histoire naturelle de Montbéliard is a natural history museum in Montbéliard, France dedicated to the work of Georges Cuvier, a major figure in the establishment of the disciplines of paleontology and comparative anatomy.

Comparative anatomy
Comparative anatomy is a study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species. It is closely related to evolutionary biology and phylogeny (the evolution of species).

The science began in the classical era, continuing in the early modern period with work by Pierre Belon who noted the similarities of the skeletons of birds and humans.

Comparative anatomy has provided evidence of common descent, and has assisted in the classification of animals.
Mike Süsser
Mike Süsser (born 8 January 1971) is a German chef and author.

Süsser was born in Itzehoe, and learned his cooking skills in his home town of Burg, Dithmarschen, before working in kitchens in the United States, Davos, Hamburg, Fuerteventura and Madeira. He later moved to Austria where he worked in Salzburg, setting up his first Koch-Event-Studio in Gmunden.

Aside from writing cookbooks, Süsser has appeared on Austrian television and on the RTL II cooking show "Die Kochprofis". He is currently a judge on Sport1's MasterChef Germany.

Sport1 (Germany)
Sport1 (German: Sport Eins) is a German free-to-air television channel centred towards sports programming, as well as teleshopping. It was launched on 1 January 1993 as DSF (Deutsches Sportfernsehen), replacing the television channel Tele 5 which had become the successor of the music video channel Musicbox on 11 January 1988. The channel took its current name on 11 April 2010.

Sport1 has its headquarters in Ismaning near Munich.
Yanga R. Fernández
Yanga (Yan) Roland Fernández (born June 10, 1971) is a Canadian-born American astronomer at the University of Central Florida.

Together with Scott S. Sheppard, he co-discovered the Carme group, a group of moons of the planet Jupiter.

Natural satellite
A natural satellite is, in the most common usage, an astronomical body that orbits a planet, dwarf planet, or small Solar System body (or sometimes another natural satellite). Natural satellites are colloquially referred to as moons, a derivation from the Moon of Earth.

In the Solar System, there are six planetary satellite systems, altogether comprising 419 natural satellites with confirmed orbits. Seven objects commonly considered dwarf planets by astronomers are also known to have natural satellites: Orcus, Pluto, Haumea, Quaoar, Makemake, Gonggong, and Eris. As of February 2026, there are 630 other minor planets known to have natural satellites.
Bir Ben Ayed
Bir Ben Ayed is a former Roman and Byzantine town of Africa, 29.4 kilometres (18.3 mi) north west of Sfax, Tunisia, near the modern town of Sidi Litayem. The town is located on a wadi, although it was known in antiquity as a well town.

The region has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh). Summers, like all of North Africa, are hot and almost rainless, whilst winters are very pleasant with only light rain usual. The area is today known for its olive production.

Sfax
Sfax (/s(ə)ˈfæks/ s(ə-)FAKS; Arabic: صفاقس, romanized: Ṣafāqis, Tunisian Arabic: [ˈsˤfaːqəs] ⓘ) is a major port city in Tunisia, located 270 km (170 mi) southeast of Tunis. The city, founded in AD 849 on the ruins of Taparura, is the capital of the Sfax Governorate (about 955,421 inhabitants in 2014), and a Mediterranean port. Sfax has a population of 341,999 (census 2022). Its main industries include phosphate, olive and nut processing, fishing (it is the largest fishing port in Tunisia) and international trade. The city is the second-most populous in the country after the capital, Tunis.
2017–18 East Bengal FC season
The 2017–18 season is East Bengal FC's 98th season in existence. The club has won the Calcutta Football League this season for the record consecutive 8th time. The Red and Gold Brigade finished 4th in the much-awaited 2017–18 I League campaign, coming ever so close once again. East Bengal reached the final of the inaugural Indian Super Cup being held at Bhubaneshwar but lost to Bengaluru FC by 4–1.

2017–18 I-League
The 2017–18 I-League was the 11th season of the I-League. Aizawl were the defending champions. NEROCA entered as the promoted team from the 2016–17 I-League 2nd Division. The season began on 25 November 2017. Minerva Punjab won their first I-League title.
History of type theory
The type theory was initially created to avoid paradoxes in a variety of formal logics and rewrite systems.  Later, type theory referred to a class of formal systems, some of which can serve as alternatives to naive set theory as a foundation for all mathematics.

It has been tied to formal mathematics since Principia Mathematica to today's proof assistants.

Formal system
A formal system (or deductive system) is an abstract structure and formalization of an axiomatic system used for deducing, using rules of inference, theorems from axioms.

In 1921, David Hilbert proposed to use formal systems as the foundation of knowledge in mathematics.
However, in 1931 Kurt Gödel proved that any consistent formal system sufficiently powerful to express basic arithmetic cannot prove its own completeness. This effectively showed that Hilbert's program was impossible as stated.

The term formalism is sometimes a rough synonym for formal system, but it also refers to a given style of notation, for example, Paul Dirac's bra–ket notation.
Captain Fracasse (1943 film)
Captain Fracasse (French: Le Capitaine Fracasse) is a 1943 French-Italian historical adventure film directed by Abel Gance and starring Fernand Gravey, Assia Noris and Alice Tissot. It is an adaptation of the novel Captain Fracasse by Théophile Gautier. The scenario and dialogue is by Abel Gance and Claude Vermorel and the music composed by Arthur Honegger. Honegger's score for the film (H. 166 in his catalogue of works) consists of around 50 minutes of music for chorus and large orchestra.

On the same subject, there were also a 1929 silent version directed by Alberto Cavalcanti, and a 1961 colour version directed by Pierre Gaspard-Huit both with the same title.

Théophile Gautier
Pierre Jules Théophile Gautier (US: /ɡoʊˈtjeɪ/ goh-TYAY; French: [pjɛʁ ʒyl teɔfil ɡotje]; 30 August 1811 – 23 October 1872) was a French poet, dramatist, novelist, journalist, and art and literary critic.

While an ardent defender of Romanticism, Gautier's work is difficult to classify and remains a point of reference for many subsequent literary traditions such as Parnassianism, Symbolism, Decadence and Modernism. He was widely esteemed by writers as disparate as Balzac, Baudelaire, the Goncourt brothers, Flaubert, Pound, Eliot, James, Proust and Wilde.
Blue Tornado (roller coaster)
Blue Tornado is an inverted roller coaster at Gardaland, Castelnuovo del Garda, outside Verona, Italy. It is an extended standard model, with additional helix, of the Suspended Looping Coaster manufactured by Vekoma. The ride's highest force is at 4.5G's during the sidewinder inversion. A model Panavia Tornado fighter jet is seen on top of the station for decorative purposes.

Vekoma
Vekoma Rides Manufacturing is a Dutch amusement ride manufacturer. Vekoma is a syllabic abbreviation of Veld Koning Machinefabriek (Veld Koning Machine Factory) which was established in 1926 by Hendrik op het Veld.
Tutunjian
Tutunjian (Armenian: Թիւթիւնճեան) is an Armenian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Damon Tutunjian, guitarist and vocalist of Swirlies

George Tutunjian (1930–2007), Armenian singer

Harry Tutunjian, American politician

Solange Tutunji, former First Lady of Lebanon and widow of former Lebanese President-elect Bachir Gemayel

Solange Gemayel
Solange Gemayel (Arabic: صولانج الجميل; born 1949) is a Lebanese political figure and former First Lady of Lebanon. The widow of former President-elect Bachir Gemayel (1947–1982), who was assassinated days before he was due to take office in 1982. She co-founded the Bachir Gemayel Foundation to keep her late husband's legacy alive.