hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
OpenDoc
OpenDoc is a defunct multi-platform software componentry framework standard created by Apple in the 1990s for compound documents, intended as an alternative to Microsoft's proprietary Object Linking and Embedding (OLE). It is one of Apple's earliest experiments with open standards and collaborative development methods with other companies. OpenDoc development was transferred to the non-profit Component Integration Laboratories, Inc. (CI Labs), owned by a growing team of major corporate backers and effectively starting an industry consortium. In 1992, the AIM alliance was launched by Apple, IBM, and Motorola, with OpenDoc as a foundation. With the return of Steve Jobs to Apple, OpenDoc was discontinued in March 1997.

Open standard
An open standard is a standard that is openly accessible and usable by anyone. It is also a common prerequisite that open standards use an open license that provides for extensibility. Typically, anybody can participate in their development due to their inherently open nature. There is no single definition, and interpretations vary with usage. Examples of open standards include the GSM, 4G, and 5G standards that allow most modern mobile phones to work world-wide.
Central Tiffin Room
Central Tiffin Room (CTR) or Sri Sagar Hotel is a heritage restaurant in northwest Bangalore established in the 1920s by Y.V. Subramanyam. It is notable for its Masala Dosas that come in butter and non butter variants. It is situated at the 7th Cross Road corner of Margosa Road, Malleshwaram, opposite to the Malleshwaram Grounds. Note that in India, the term "hotel" can often mean a restaurant.

Masala dosa
Masala dosa (Tamil: மசாலா தோசை, Kannada: ಮಸಾಲೆ ದೋಸೆ, masāle dōsey/dōsai) is a dish of South India, consisting of a savoury dosa crepe stuffed with a spiced (masala) potato curry. It is a popular breakfast item in South India, though it can be served at all times of the day and found in many other parts of the country and overseas.
Fares Al-Helou
Fares Al-Helou (Arabic: فارس الحلو; born 15 August 1961), also spelled Fares Helou, is a Syrian actor. Since his graduation from the Syrian Higher Institute for Dramatic Arts in 1984, he has appeared in numerous plays, TV and cinema productions, both in Syria and in France.

The Night (1992 film)
The Night or Al-lail (Arabic: الليل, lit. 'The Night') is a Syrian feature drama film by director Mohamed Malas. The film is set in Quneitra and is about the Arab-Israeli conflict. In 1993 it became the first Syrian feature to be played at the New York Film Festival.
Frita
A Frita is a type of hamburger originating in Cuba. The burger is found mainly in South Florida; according to George Motz it is no longer known in Cuba.

The burger consists of a seasoned ground beef and pork patty with chorizo spices (or sometimes chorizo), topped with sauteed onions, served on a Cuban bread roll and garnished with julienned or shoestring potato fries. The patty is grilled in a spiced sauce on the flattop.

This burger is usually washed down with a batido de trigo, a Cuban puffed wheat milk shake.

A similar dish on Cuban bread and topped with fries is bistec de palomilla or pan con bistec.

George Motz
George Motz is an American television personality, author and filmmaker. Motz directed the 2004 documentary film Hamburger America and has written books detailing the history of the hamburger in the United States. He hosted the Travel Channel show Burger Land from 2012 to 2013. He is a contributor for First We Feast with a series titled Burger Scholar Sessions. He is also the owner and head chef of Hamburger America in SoHo, Manhattan.
John Frewer
John Frewer CBE (1 November 1883 – 7 December 1974) was an Anglican bishop in Australia.

Frewer was born in Fulletby, Lincolnshire. He was educated at The King's School, Canterbury and Lincoln Theological College. He was ordained priest in 1909 and, after being a curate in Boston, Lincolnshire, he emigrated to Australia where he became domestic chaplain to the Bishop of Bunbury — eventually becoming a canon of the diocese. A member of the Brotherhood of St Boniface, he was their warden from 1919 until his ordination to the episcopate.

Frewer served as second Bishop of North West Australia from 1929 to 1965. He retired to Perth, Western Australia and died on 7 December 1974 at Mount Lawley, Perth, and was cremated; his ashes were placed in the Cathedral of the Holy Cross, Geraldton.

Cathedral of the Holy Cross, Geraldton
The Cathedral of the Holy Cross, Geraldton is a heritage-listed Anglican Cathedral in Geraldton, Western Australia.
Consecrated in 1964, it is in active use, and is the cathedral church of the Anglican Diocese of North West Australia.
German submarine U-281
German submarine U-281 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The submarine was laid down on 7 May 1942 at the Bremer Vulkan yard at Bremen-Vegesack as yard number 46. She was launched on 16 January 1943 and commissioned on 27 February under the command of Kapitänleutnant Heinz von Davidson.

Kapitänleutnant
Kapitänleutnant, short: KptLt/in lists: KL, (English: captain lieutenant or lieutenant captain) is an officer grade of the captains' military hierarchy group (German: Hauptleute) of the modern German Bundeswehr. The rank is rated OF-2 in NATO, and equivalent to Hauptmann in the Heer and Luftwaffe. It is grade A11 or A12 in the pay rules of the Federal Ministry of Defence.

The rank first appeared in the German Empire and continued in use through the Weimar Republic and into the Third Reich.
Campaign song
Campaign songs are songs used by candidates or political campaigns. Most modern campaign songs are upbeat popular songs or original compositions that articulate a positive message about a campaign or candidate, usually appealing to patriotism, optimism, or a good-natured reference to a personal quality of the candidate such as their ethnic origin or the part of the country they are from. In some cases, the campaign song can be a veiled attack on an opposing candidate or party. Some songs originally devised as a campaign song for a specific election have become identified with the party itself in later election cycles; for example, the Likud's campaign song for the 1992 Israeli legislative election, "The Likud is Right", has become the Party's anthem starting in the late 2000s. The use of a campaign song is primarily known in the quadrennial United States presidential election, where various campaign songs have been used.

Yankee Doodle
"Yankee Doodle" is a traditional song and nursery rhyme, the early versions of which predate the Seven Years' War and American Revolutionary War. It is often sung patriotically in the United States today. It is the state song of the U.S. state of Connecticut. Its Roud Folk Song Index number is 4501.
Munashe Garananga
Munashe Peter Garananga (born 18 January 2001) is a Zimbabwean professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Scottish Premiership club Hibernian, on loan from Danish Superliga club Copenhagen, and the Zimbabwe national team.

Moldovan Liga
The Moldovan Liga, officially known as Liga 7777 for sponsorship reasons, is an association football league that is the top division of Moldovan football league system. The competition was established in 1992, when Moldova became independent from the Soviet Union. It was formed in place of former Soviet republican competitions that existed since 1945. Before the Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina in 1940, clubs from modern Moldova competed in the Romanian football competitions.

There are currently eight teams in the competition. At the end of the season, the bottom club is relegated to Liga 1 and replaced by the lower league's champion.

Sheriff Tiraspol – located in Transnistria – is the most successful league club with 21 titles, followed by Zimbru Chișinău with eight wins and Milsami Orhei with two wins. Constructorul Chișinău, Dacia Chișinău and Petrocub Hîncești also won the title on one occasion each.
Tekle Hawariat Tekle Mariyam
Tekle Hawariat Tekle Mariyam (Amharic: ተክለ ሐዋርዓት ተክለ ማሪያም; June 1884 – April 1977) was an Ethiopian politician, aristocrat, playwright, director and intellectual. He was the primary author of the 16 July 1931 constitution of Ethiopia, which was influenced by the Japanese Meiji Constitution.

He was also the first playwright in Ethiopia, and pioneer of Ethiopian and African theater.

Mieso
Mieso (Oromo: Mi'eesso) is a town in eastern Ethiopia. Located in the  WEST OROMIA of the OROMIA Region, it has a latitude and longitude of 9°14′N 40°45′E﻿ / ﻿9.233°N 40.750°E﻿ / 9.233; 40.750 with an elevation of 1394 meters above sea level.
Óscar Furlong
Óscar Alberto Furlong Chretienneau (22 October 1927 – 11 June 2018) was an Argentine basketball player, and tennis player and coach. He was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina. As a basketball player, he was a FIBA World Cup champion in 1950, who also competed at the 1948 Summer Olympic Games, and at the 1952 Summer Olympic Games. Furlong was inducted into the FIBA Hall of Fame in September 2007.

Argentine Basketball Confederation
The Argentine Basketball Confederation (Spanish: Confederación Argentina de Básquetbol, also known as CAB, formerly CABB) is the governing body of basketball in Argentina. It is also one of the founding members of the International Basketball Federation (FIBA), in 1932.

It is a member of the FIBA Americas, and it is responsible for the Men's and the Women's national teams. Currently there are approximately 1,200 clubs registered with the association, as well as 130,500 male and 11,000 female players.
José Pékerman
José Néstor Pékerman Krimen (Spanish pronunciation: [xoˈse ˈpekerman]; born 3 September 1949) is an Argentine-Colombian professional football coach. His last team managed was the Venezuela national team. As a youth level coach for Argentina, he won the FIFA World Youth Championship three times, and the U20 South American Youth Championship twice. He coached the Argentina national football team in the 2006 FIFA World Cup and became coach of the Colombia national team in 2012. He subsequently managed the Colombia national team during the 2014 and 2018 FIFA World Cups where he led the team to their best result, the quarterfinals, in 2014, their first World Cup qualification after 16 years of absence.

2001 FIFA World Youth Championship
The 2001 FIFA World Youth Championship took place in Argentina between 17 June and 8 July 2001. The 2001 championship was the 13th contested.  The tournament took part in six cities, Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Mendoza, Rosario, Salta, and Mar del Plata. The Golden Boot was won by Javier Saviola of Argentina who scored 11 goals.
Cleaning agent
Cleaning agents or hard-surface cleaners are substances (usually liquids, powders, sprays, or granules) used to remove dirt, including dust, stains, foul odors, and clutter on surfaces. Purposes of cleaning agents include health, beauty, removing offensive odors, and avoiding the spread of dirt and contaminants to oneself and others. Some cleaning agents can kill bacteria (e.g. door handle bacteria, as well as bacteria on worktops and other metallic surfaces) and clean at the same time. Others, called degreasers, contain organic solvents to help dissolve oils and fats.

Fatty alcohol
Fatty alcohols (or long-chain alcohols) are usually high-molecular mass, straight-chain primary alcohols, but can also range from as few as 4–6 carbon atoms to as many as 22–26, derived from natural fats and oils. The precise chain length varies with the source. Some commercially important fatty alcohols are lauryl, stearyl, and oleyl alcohol. They are colourless oily liquids (for smaller carbon numbers) or waxy solids, although impure samples may appear yellow. Fatty alcohols usually have an even number of carbon atoms and a single alcohol group (–OH) attached to the terminal carbon. Some are unsaturated and some are branched. They are widely used in industry. As with fatty acids, they are often referred to generically by the number of carbon atoms in the molecule, such as "a C12 alcohol", that is an alcohol having 12 carbon atoms, for example dodecanol.
William Claremont
William Claremont (died 1832) was a British stage actor who spent many years in the companies of the leading London theatres at Covent Garden, Haymarket and Drury Lane. He was born William Cleaver in London as the son of a shop assistant and a deliveryman and was originally apprenticed to a linen merchant. His first known acting roles were in Margate in 1792 and from 1793 he was a regular at Covent Garden. During the summers he also appeared at Richmond and Birmingham. He continued at Covent Garden until 1805 when he switched to Drury Lane and remained there until 1822.

Richard Cumberland (dramatist)
Richard Cumberland (19 February 1731/2 – 7 May 1811) was an English dramatist and civil servant. In 1771 his hit play The West Indian was first staged. During the American War of Independence he acted as a secret negotiator with Spain in an effort to secure a peace agreement between the two nations. He also edited a short-lived critical journal called The London Review (1809).  His plays are often remembered for their sympathetic depiction of characters generally considered to be on the margins of society.
Eiriksson
Eiriksson or Eiríksson is a surname that can refer to the following:

Magnús Eiríksson (1806–1881), Icelandic theologian

Harald Eiriksson, Earl of Orkney (1191–1194)

Eyvindur P. Eiríksson (born 1935), Icelandic writer

Håkon Eiriksson (died c. 1030), Earl of Lade

Leif Ericson (Old Norse: Leifr Eiríksson) (c. 970–c. 1020), Norse explorer

Thorvald Eriksson (Old Icelandic: Þorvaldr Eiríksson), son of Erik the Red

Rögnvald Eriksson (or Ragnvald Eiriksson; c. 920–933)), son of Erik Bloodaxe

Haakon Ericsson
Haakon Ericsson (Old Norse: Hákon Eiríksson; Norwegian: Håkon Eiriksson; died c. 1029–1030) was the last Earl of Lade and governor of Norway from 1012 to 1015 and again from 1028 to 1029 as a vassal under Danish King Knut the Great.
University of Texas at San Antonio Libraries
The University of Texas at San Antonio Libraries (UTSA Libraries) is the academic library of The University of Texas at San Antonio, a state research university in San Antonio, Texas, United States. UTSA Libraries consists of the John Peace Library (JPL) on the Main Campus, the Downtown Library, and the Applied Engineering and Technology (AET) Library. The libraries provide students and faculty with a comprehensive access to information as well as spaces for active learning, teaching, and interdisciplinary scholarship.

HathiTrust
HathiTrust Digital Library is a large-scale collaborative repository of digital content from research libraries, administered by the University of Michigan. Its holdings include content digitized via Google Books and the Internet Archive digitization initiatives, as well as content digitized locally by libraries.
Namakagon
Namakagon can refer to:

Namakagon, Wisconsin

Namakagon River, a river that runs through Bayfield County, Wisconsin

Lake Namakagon, a lake in Wisconsin

USS Namakagon, a gas tanker that served in the US Navy

Lake Namakagon
Lake Namakagon (pronounced NAM-uh-KAH-gun) is located in Bayfield County, Wisconsin. The lake is a large freshwater drainage lake that opens inlet and outlet of streams located between Lake Superior and Mississippi River system. The lake is located in the upper Namekagon river watershed as St. Croix river basin is the subwatershed of it.  The lake derives its name from the Ojibwe language, and it means "Lake abundant with sturgeons." It is known for tourism and was the home of the legendary Anishinaabe Chief Namakagon.
The Venus Project
The Venus Project is a 501(c) nonprofit organization founded by architect and social engineer Jacque Fresco. Fresco, along with his partner Roxanne Meadows, founded this project with a socioeconomic model to develop a resource-based economy for human beings utilizing technology.

501(c) organization
A 501(c) organization is a nonprofit organization in the federal law of the United States according to Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. § 501(c)). Such organizations are exempt from some federal income taxes. Sections 503 through 505 set out the requirements for obtaining such exemptions. Many states refer to Section 501(c) for definitions of organizations exempt from state taxation as well. 501(c) organizations can receive unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, and unions.

For example, a nonprofit organization may be tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) if its primary activities are charitable, religious, educational, scientific, literary, testing for public safety, fostering amateur sports competition, or preventing cruelty to children or animals.
1999 Masters of Formula 3
The 1999 Marlboro Masters of Formula 3 was the ninth Masters of Formula 3 race held at Circuit Park Zandvoort on 8 August 1999. It was won by Marc Hynes, for Manor Motorsport. This was the first Masters event held on the extended layout, having run on the Club Circuit in its first eight seasons.

Circuit Zandvoort
Circuit Zandvoort (Dutch pronunciation: [sɪrˈkʋi ˈzɑntfoːrt]), known for sponsorship reasons as Mascot Circuit Zandvoort, previously known as Circuit Park Zandvoort until 2017, is a 4.259 km (2.646 mi) motorsport race track located in the dunes north of Zandvoort, the Netherlands, near the North Sea coast line and 35 km (22 mi) west of Amsterdam. It returned to the Formula One calendar in 2021 as the location of the revived Dutch Grand Prix. This partnership with Formula One will end in 2026. The circuit has been named as Mascot Circuit Zandvoort for at least three years since July 2025.
Global Classroom
The Global Classroom Partnership is an international partnership of schools. The roots of the partnership go as far back as 1989, but the partnership was officially established in 1996. Since then it created links with over 30 schools. It is one of the biggest international and long established school partnerships in the world.

Some examples of projects within the Global Classroom Partnership include:

Diepholz
Diepholz (German pronunciation: [ˈdiːpˌhɔlts] ⓘ; Northern Low Saxon: Deefholt) is a town and capital of the district of Diepholz in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the rivers Hunte and Lohne, approximately 45 km northeast of Osnabrück, and 60 km southwest of Bremen.

It was the capital of the sovereign County of Diepholz and the principal seat of the Noble Lords, later Counts, of Diepholz.
Henry Ponder
Henry Ponder, Ph.D. (born 1928) is an American educator and former university president. He was president of  Benedict College, Fisk University, Talladega College, and Langston University. Over a career spanning more than six decades, Dr. Ponder's efforts increased educational opportunity for generations of young men and women, particularly students of color. Further, he holds a unique place in the history of higher education as the only person to serve as president of four Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), chair of member institutions of the United Negro College Fund, and CEO and president of the National Association of Equal Opportunity in Higher Education (NAFEO), which is the lobby organization for all HBCUs, public and private.

Fisk University
Fisk University is a private historically black liberal arts college in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. It was founded in 1866 and its 40-acre (16 ha) campus is a historic district listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

In 1930, Fisk became the first historically black institution to gain accreditation by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). Fisk is the oldest institution for higher education in Nashville.
Mohd Sham Mohd Sani
Mohd Sham Mohd Sani is a Malaysian academic who had served as the former Vice Chancellor of National University of Malaysia. He was the first in National University of Malaysia's history to be awarded the Emeritus Professor status. He is the Chairman of City University, Malaysia. In 2015, he was appointed along with 13 people as members of the Negotiation and Corruption Prevention Panel by the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission.

Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission
The Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission (Malay: Suruhanjaya Pencegahan Rasuah Malaysia; Jawi: سوروهنجاي ڤنچڬاهن رسواه مليسيا‎), abbreviated MACC or SPRM (formerly known as Anti-Corruption Agency, ACA or Badan Pencegah Rasuah, BPR), is a government agency in Malaysia that investigates and prosecutes corruption in the public and private sectors.
District of Keewatin
The District of Keewatin was a territory of Canada and later an administrative district of the Northwest Territories. It was created in 1876 by the Keewatin Act, and originally it covered a large area west of Hudson Bay. In 1905, it became a part of the Northwest Territories and in 1912, its southern parts were adjoined to the provinces of Manitoba and Ontario, leaving the remainder, now called the Keewatin Region, with a population of a few thousand people. On April 1, 1999, the Keewatin Region was formally dissolved, as Nunavut was created from eastern parts of the Northwest Territories, including all of Keewatin.

The name Keewatin comes from Algonquian roots—either kīwēhtin (ᑮᐍᐦᑎᐣ) in Cree or giiwedin (ᑮᐌᑎᓐ) in Ojibwe—both of which mean 'north wind' in their respective languages. In Inuktitut, it was called Kivalliq (ᑭᕙᓪᓕᖅ)—a name which persists as the Kivalliq Region in Nunavut.

Algonquian languages
The Algonquian languages (/æl.ˈɡɒŋ.k(w)i.ən/ al-GONG-k(w)ee-ən; also Algonkian) are a branch of the Algic language family. The name of the Algonquian language family is distinguished from the orthographically similar Algonquin dialect of the Indigenous Ojibwe language (Chippewa), which is a senior member of the Algonquian language family. The term Algonquin has been suggested to derive from the Wolastoqey word elakómkwik (pronounced [ɛlæˈɡomoɡwik]), meaning 'they are our relatives/allies'.

Speakers of Algonquian languages stretch from the east coast of North America to the Rocky Mountains. The proto-language from which all of the languages of the family descend, Proto-Algonquian, was spoken around 2,500 to 3,000 years ago. There is no scholarly consensus about where this language was spoken.
7-Methylguanosine
7-Methylguanosine (m7G) is a modified purine nucleoside.  It is a methylated version of guanosine and when found in human urine, it may be a biomarker of some types of cancer. In the RNAs, 7-methylguanosine have been used to study and examine the reaction evolving methylguanosine.  It also participates in the formation of 5'-cap that stabilizes mRNA and prevents its degradation by 5' exonucleases.

Exonuclease
Exonucleases are enzymes that work by cleaving nucleotides one at a time from the end (exo) of a polynucleotide chain. A hydrolyzing reaction that breaks phosphodiester bonds at either the 3′ or the 5′ end occurs.  Its close relative is the endonuclease, which cleaves phosphodiester bonds in the middle (endo) of a polynucleotide chain.  Eukaryotes and prokaryotes have three types of exonucleases involved in the normal turnover of mRNA: 5′ to 3′ exonuclease (Xrn1), which is a dependent decapping protein; 3′ to 5′ exonuclease, an independent protein; and poly(A)-specific 3′ to 5′ exonuclease.

In both archaea and eukaryotes, one of the main routes of RNA degradation is performed by the multi-protein exosome complex, which consists largely of 3′ to 5′ exoribonucleases.
Connor Edwards
Connor Edwards (born 28 June 1997) is a Welsh rugby union player who plays for Dragons as a centre.

Edwards made his debut for the Dragons in 2015 having previously played for the Dragons academy, Bedwas RFC and Cross Keys RFC.

Cross Keys RFC
Cross Keys RFC (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Pont-y-Cymer) is a rugby union club located in the Welsh village of Crosskeys. The club is a member of the Welsh Rugby Union, and is a feeder club for the Dragons regional team.