hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
High- and low-level
High-level and low-level, as technical terms, are used to classify, describe and point to specific goals of a systematic operation; and are applied in a wide range of contexts, such as, for instance, in domains as widely varied as computer science and business administration.

High-level describe those operations that are more abstract and general in nature; wherein the overall goals and systemic features are typically more concerned with the wider, macro system as a whole.

Low-level describes more specific individual components of a systematic operation, focusing on the details of rudimentary micro functions rather than macro, complex processes. Low-level classification is typically more concerned with individual components within the system and how they operate.

Goal
A goal or objective is an idea of the future or desired result that a person or a group of people envision, plan, and commit to achieve. People endeavour to reach goals within a finite time by setting deadlines.

A goal is roughly similar to a purpose or aim, the anticipated result which guides reaction, or an end, which is an object, either a physical object or an abstract object, that has intrinsic value.
1996 West Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals election
The 1996 West Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals election took place on November 5, 1996, to elect two Justices of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia for the next 12 years. The election was concurrently held with a separate special election to complete Franklin Cleckley's unexpired term on the court. The electoral system requires voters to vote for no more than two candidates.

The original holders of the two seats up for election, Democratic Justices William T. Brotherton Jr. and Richard Neely, both retired in 1995. They were replaced by Arthur M. Recht and Joseph Albright, both appointed by Democratic Governor Gaston Caperton. However, they were defeated in the Democratic primary election by Larry Starcher and Spike Maynard, both Circuit Court Judges.

In the general election, Starcher and Maynard managed to defeat Republican candidates John C. Yoder, a State Senator from the 16th district, and Richard A. "Richie" Robb, mayor of South Charleston.

William T. Brotherton Jr.
William Thurlow Weed Brotherton Jr. (April 17, 1926 – April 6, 1997) was the Democratic president of the West Virginia Senate from Kanawha County and served from 1973 to 1981. He was a justice of the West Virginia Supreme Court from 1984 until 1995, and served as chief justice in 1989 and 1994. Brotherton served a total of six terms in the West Virginia House of Delegates and five terms in the state senate between 1952 and 1980.
John Kitson
John Francis Kitson (9 March 1818 – 29 July 1907) was an English cleric and cricketer, an alumnus of Exeter College, Oxford.

Born in Crediton, Devon, he was the son of the Rev. John Lane Kitson. He matriculated at Exeter College in 1837, graduating B.A. in 1841. He played one first-class cricket match for Oxford University Cricket Club on 24 May 1838. An opening-batsman of unknown handedness, he scored a pair – two scores of zero – against the Marylebone Cricket Club who were victorious by 47 runs.

Kitson became vicar of Antony, Cornwall. He died in Torpoint, Cornwall. In 1866 he married Charlotte Henrietta Edmonstone, daughter of William Edmonstone. They had eight sons and four daughters.

Crediton
Crediton /ˈkrɛdɪtən/ ⓘ is a town and civil parish in the Mid Devon district of Devon, England. It stands on the A377 Exeter to Barnstaple road at the junction with the A3072 road to Tiverton, 7 miles (11 km) north west of Exeter and 14 miles (23 km) from the M5 motorway. It has a population of 21,990.

The town is in the narrow vale of the River Creedy, between two steep hills and is divided into two parts, the north or old town and the south and east or new town.
American Circumcision
American Circumcision is a 2017 documentary film about circumcision and the varying medical, legal, religious, and cultural views on it. The film features a strong focus on the self-named intactivist community and activist Marilyn Milos.  It was partially funded on crowdfunding platform Kickstarter and released on Blu-Ray, DVD, and streaming platforms in 2017.

Views on circumcision
Circumcision has played a significant cultural, social, and religious role in various global cultures over the course of world history. This has subsequently led to widely varying views related to the practice.
Petra Bläss
Petra Bläss (since 2005, Petra Bläss-Rafajlovski: born 12 June 1964) is a German politician (formerly PDS). She served in the German parliament (Bundestag) between 1990 and 2002, and was a Bundestag vice-president between 1998 and 2002.

In 1990 she served, improbably as she thought, both at the time and subsequently, as the chair of the 50 member Electoral Commission appointed to supervise East Germany's first (and last) freely held and fairly administered general election.

German studies
German studies is an academic field that researches, documents and disseminates German language, literature, and culture in its historic and present forms. Academic departments of German studies therefore often focus on German culture, German history, and German politics in addition to the language and literature component. Approaches to the discipline vary by country. Modern German studies is usually seen as a combination of two sub-disciplines: German linguistics alongside Germanophone literature and cultural studies.

Common names for "German Studies" for the field within German-speaking countries are Germanistik, Deutsche Philologie, and Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft und Literaturwissenschaft. In English, the terms Germanistics or Germanics are sometimes used (mostly by Germans), but the subject is more often referred to as German studies, German language and literature, or German philology. Academics who specialize in German studies are referred to as Germanists.
UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Men's elimination
The UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Men's elimination, colloquially known as the Devil is the men's world championship elimination race event held annually at the UCI Track Cycling World Championships. The event was first introduced in 2021 and is the most recent addition to the program, having proved very popular as the penultimate section of the omnium.

Elimination race
Elimination races or "snap-dragon" races in bicycle racing are a form of race wherein during the course of the race, certain participants are eliminated through various criteria. The most common types of elimination races are the miss and out and the win and out.

The omnium event has an elimination race. In 2015 at the 2015 UEC European Track Championships, an elimination race was contested for the first time as a full standalone event at an international championship. It has been a separate event at the World Championships since 2021.
Line 3 (Shenzhen Metro)
Line 3 (formerly branded as Longgang line) of the Shenzhen Metro runs northeastward from Futian Bonded Area to Pingdi Liulian. Line 3 opened on 28 December 2010.

Since opening, it has been heavily trafficked and became a major transport option for urban workers. Line 3 currently has a service interval of 5 minutes between trains across the entire length of the line. Sectional trains operate on weekdays, between Huaxin and Tangkeng, from 7:15 am to 9:15 am and from 5:45 pm to 7:45 pm. This is to alleviate surges in passenger traffic at Buji, since the opening of the connecting Shenzhen East.

Yitian station
Yitian station (Chinese: 益田站; pinyin: Yìtián Zhàn; Jyutping: jik1 tin4 zaam6) is a station of Shenzhen Metro Line 3. It opened on 28 June 2011. This station served as the southern terminus of the line until the extension to Futian Bonded Area on 28 October 2020.
Paremhat 4
Paremhat 3 – Coptic calendar – Paremhat 5

The fourth day of the Coptic month of Paremhat, the seventh month of the Coptic year. In common years, this day corresponds to February 28, of the Julian calendar, and March 13, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.

Season of the Harvest
The Season of the Harvest or Low Water was the third and final season of the lunar and civil Egyptian calendars. It fell after the Season of the Emergence (Prt) and before the spiritually dangerous intercalary month (Ḥryw Rnpt), after which the New Year's festivities began the Season of the Inundation (Ꜣḫt). In the Coptic and Egyptian calendars this season begins at the start of the month of Pashons (about 9 May), continues through the months of Paoni and Epip, before concluding at the end of Mesori (about 5 September).: 453

The festival known as Sham Ennessim, is often claimed to have originated from Shemu. Sham Ennessim is an official holiday in modern Egypt. Earlier Egyptian šm.w and its Coptic successor ϣⲱⲙ relate to the name of a season in Egyptian, not a specific festival.
Aaron Mike Oquaye
Aaron Mike Oquaye (born 4 April 1944) is a Ghanaian barrister and politician who served as the sixth Speaker of Parliament of the Fourth Republic of Ghana from 2017 to 2021. An academic, diplomat and Baptist minister, he previously held the cabinet ministerial portfolios for energy and communication and was also the High Commissioner of Ghana to India (2002–04) in the Kufuor administration.

Asamankese
Asamankese is a town in south Ghana and is the capital of West Akim Municipal District, a district in the Eastern Region of south Ghana. Asamankese has a 2013 settlement population of approximately 39,435 people. Asamankese is on the main highway to Kumasi and Accra in the interior. The people of Asamankese celebrate the Obuodwan festival.
Charles Redland
Carl Gustaf Mauritz Nilsson, known professionally as Charles Redland (July 7, 1911 – August 18, 1994) was a Swedish jazz saxophonist, bandleader, and composer.

Born in Södertälje, the son of a musician, Redland learned several instruments when he was young. In the 1930s he was a member of bands in which he played alto saxophone, clarinet, trumpet, and trombone. During that decade he also worked as a leader. On clarinet he recorded with Benny Carter in Sweden in 1936. He composed and arranged jazz and popular music. He also composed for more than 80 films, as well as for radio and TV programs. He died in Stockholm.

Benny Carter
Bennett Lester Carter (August 8, 1907 – July 12, 2003) was an American jazz saxophonist, clarinetist, trumpeter, composer, arranger, and bandleader. With Johnny Hodges, he was a pioneer on the alto saxophone. From the beginning of his career in the 1920s, he worked as an arranger, including writing charts for Fletcher Henderson's big band that shaped the swing style. He had an unusually long career that lasted into the 1990s. During the 1980s and 1990s, he was nominated for eight Grammy Awards, which included receiving a Lifetime Achievement Award.
Elias Kifle
Elias Kifle (Amharic: ኤልያስ ክፍሌ) is the publisher and editor-in-chief of the Washington D.C.–based Ethiopian Review, an English/Amharic language Ethiopian news magazine that was launched in January 1991. He is currently the CEO of Mereja TV, a satellite television channel, and Mereja.com, an online news and opinion journal. Elias Kifle Seifu is a member of the Lij Seifu Mikael family, an Amhara aristocratic family from the ancient Solomonic Dynasty.

Solomonic dynasty
The Solomonic dynasty was the ruling dynasty of the Ethiopian Empire from the thirteenth to twentieth centuries. The dynasty was founded by Yekuno Amlak, who overthrew the Zagwe dynasty in 1270. He was descended from the legendary king Menelik I, the son of the biblical King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba of the Davidic line. The Solomonic dynasty remained in power until 1974, when its last emperor Haile Selassie was overthrown by a coup d'état.
Allemand Peak
Allemand Peak is a peak lying 1.5 miles (2.4 km)  south of Moody Peak in the north part of the Boomerang Range of Antarctica. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 1964 for Lawrence J. Allemand, construction driver at Little America V in 1958.

Little America (exploration base)
Little America was a series of Antarctic exploration bases from 1929 to 1958, located on the Ross Ice Shelf, south of the Bay of Whales. They were built on ice that moves very slowly; the relative location on the ice sheet has moved and eventually breaks off into an iceberg. The geographic location has new ice that has shifted to this location and is technically over the open water.

The coordinates are approximate.
Palsit railway station
Palsit railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway station on the Howrah–Bardhaman main line operated by Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. It is situated beside Palla Road, National Highway 2, at Sekhpur, Palsit, Purba Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

National Highway 2 (India, old numbering)
Old National Highway 2 or Old NH 2, (currently National Highway 19) was a major National Highway in India, that connected the union territory of Delhi and the states of Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal. It constitutes a major portion of the historical Grand Trunk Road along with old NH 91 and old NH 1 in India. The highway connects national capital Delhi with Kolkata as well as important cities such as Faridabad, Mathura, Agra, Kanpur, Allahabad, Varanasi, Dhanbad, Asansol, Durgapur and Bardhaman.
Bombardment of Algiers (1816)
The Bombardment of Algiers was an attempt on 27 August 1816 by Britain and the Netherlands to end the slavery practices of Omar Agha, the Dey of Algiers. An Anglo-Dutch fleet under the command of Admiral Edward Pellew, 1st Baron Exmouth bombarded ships and the harbour defences of Algiers.

There was a continuing campaign by various European navies and the American navy to suppress the piracy against Europeans by the North African Barbary states. The specific aim of this expedition, however, was to free Christian slaves and to stop the practice of enslaving Europeans in to slavery in Algeria. To this end, it was partially successful, as the Dey of Algiers freed around 3,000 slaves following the bombardment and signed a treaty against the slavery of Europeans. However, this practice did not end completely until the French conquest of Algeria.

Naval fleet
A naval fleet is the largest operational formation of warships in a navy, typically under a single command and organized for strategic missions. While modern fleets are permanent, multi-role forces (e.g., carrier strike groups), historical fleets were often ad hoc assemblies for specific campaigns. The term "fleet" can also synonymously refer to a nation’s entire navy, particularly in smaller maritime forces.

Fleets have shaped geopolitics since antiquity—from the trireme fleets of Athens to the nuclear-powered carrier groups of today—enabling power projection, trade protection, and deterrence. Multinational fleets, such as NATO’s Standing Maritime Groups, demonstrate their continued diplomatic-military role.
Papua Beach
Papua Beach (54°15′S 36°34′W﻿ / ﻿54.250°S 36.567°W﻿ / -54.250; -36.567) is a beach 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km) long on the southeast shore of Cumberland West Bay, South Georgia. The name derives from "Papua Cove," now an obsolete name, applied for a minor recession of the shore of this beach by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition under Nordenskjold, 1901–04, because a colony of gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) was found there. The cove was called "Pinguinbucht" on a 1907 chart by A. Szielasko, and the form Penguin Bay appears on some later charts. Following this survey in 1951–52, the SGS reported that the beach now described, rather than the cove or bay, is the significant feature for which a name is required.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Papua Beach". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Cove
A cove is a small bay or coastal inlet. They usually have narrow, restricted entrances, are often circular or oval, and are often situated within a larger bay. Small, narrow, sheltered bays, inlets, tidal creeks, or recesses in a coast are often considered coves.

Colloquially, the term can be used to describe a sheltered bay. Geomorphology describes coves as precipitously walled and rounded cirque-like openings like a valley extending into or down a mountainside, or in a hollow or nook of a cliff or steep mountainside. A cove can also refer to a corner, nook, or cranny, either in a river, road, or wall, especially where the wall meets the floor.
Marshal of Laredo
Marshal of Laredo is a 1945 American Western film directed by R.G. Springsteen in his first feature film starring Wild Bill Elliott in the role of Red Ryder and costarring as Little Beaver, actor (Bobby) Robert Blake. It was the eleventh of twenty-three Red Ryder feature films that would be produced by Republic Pictures. The picture was shot on the studio's back lot along with outdoor locations at Iverson Ranch in Chatsworth, Los Angeles, CA, US.

Ken Terrell
Kenneth Jones Terrell (April 29, 1904 – March 8, 1966) was an American western and action film actor and stuntman best known for playing Joe Marcelli in the 1956 film Indestructible Man and Jess in the 1958 film Attack of the 50 Foot Woman.
Thomas Clyde (film producer)
Thomas Clyde (24 June 1917 – February 1999) was a British film producer. He was the grandson of William Pancoast Clyde, head of the Clyde Steamship Company, and the younger brother of William Pancoast “Little Billy” Clyde, the Olympic skier. He was the father of actor and musician Jeremy Clyde.

Follow That Horse!
Follow That Horse! is a 1960 British comedy film directed by Alan Bromly and starring  David Tomlinson, Cecil Parker, Richard Wattis, Mary Peach and Dora Bryan. The screenplay was by Alfred Shaughnessy and William Douglas-Home based on the 1954 novel Photo Finish by Howard Mason.
Opatovice (Vyškov)
Opatovice is a village and municipal part of Vyškov, a town in Vyškov District of the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 380 inhabitants.

It is located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northwest of Vyškov and 28 kilometres (17 mi) from Brno.

South Moravian Region
The South Moravian Region (Czech: Jihomoravský kraj; German: Südmährische Region, pronounced [zyːtˈmɛːʁɪʃə ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Slovak: Juhomoravský kraj), or just South Moravia, is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, the nation's 2nd largest city. South Moravia is bordered by the South Bohemian Region to the west, Vysočina Region to the north-west, Pardubice Region to the north, Olomouc Region to the north-east, Zlín Region to the east, Trenčín and Trnava Regions, Slovakia to the south-east and Lower Austria, Austria to the south.
Pragya Jaiswal
Pragya Jaiswal (born 12 January 1993) is an Indian actress who predominantly works in Telugu films. She has won a Filmfare Award and a South Indian International Movie Award.

Jaiswal made her acting debut in 2014 with the Tamil-language film Virattu. She had her breakthrough with the Telugu period drama Kanche (2015), for which she was awarded the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut – South. Jaiswal made her Hindi film debut with Titoo MBA. She went on to appear in films such as Nakshatram (2017), Achari America Yatra (2018) and Akhanda (2021), which is her highest-grossing release.

Filmfare Awards South
The Filmfare Awards South are annual awards that honour artistic and technical excellence in the Telugu cinema, Tamil cinema, Malayalam cinema and Kannada cinema. They are presented by Filmfare magazine of The Times Group. When it was introduced in 1954, the Filmfare Awards initially only recognized achievements in the Hindi cinema. In 1964 the awards were extended to Telugu, Tamil, Bengali and Marathi languages for the films released in 1963. The awards were extended to Malayalam cinema in 1967 and Kannada cinema in 1970.

Each industry is given its own set of creative awards in annual ceremonies that have predominantly been held in Chennai and Hyderabad. Before 1976, the ceremony was held in Mumbai along with Hindi segment. From 1976, the southern region segment were separated from awards for Hindi-language films and moved to Chennai first, and later to Hyderabad in 1997. The event made its debut in Bengaluru and Kochi in 2022 and 2026 respectively.
Roger Wedge
Roger Arthur "Butch" Wedge (January 3, 1948 – February 23, 2010) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1982 to 1987 as member of the Progressive Conservative Party from the constituency of Saint John West.

Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick
The Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick is a centre-right conservative political party in the Canadian province of New Brunswick. The party has its origins in the pre-Canadian Confederation Conservative Party that opposed the granting of responsible government to the colony. It has historically followed the Red Tory tradition. From the 2010s, the party underwent a shift to Blue Toryism after the election of Blaine Higgs as leader, who was premier from 2018 to 2024.
Poales
The Poales are a large order of flowering plants in the monocotyledons, and includes families of plants such as the grasses, bromeliads, rushes and sedges. 14 plant families are currently recognized by botanists to be part of Poales.

Engler system
One of the prime systems of plant taxonomy, the Engler system was devised by Adolf Engler (1844–1930), and is featured in two major taxonomic texts he authored or co-authored. His influence is reflected in the use of the terms "Engler School" and "Engler Era". Engler's starting point was that of Eichler who had been the first to use phylogenetic principles, although Engler himself did not think that he was.
1973 Ards Borough Council election
Elections to Ards Borough Council were held on 30 May 1973 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used three district electoral areas to elect a total of 17 councillors.

The elections were the first following the reorganisation of local government in Northern Ireland, brought about by the Local Government (Boundaries) Act (Northern Ireland) 1971 & Local Government Act (Northern Ireland) 1972, which replaced the previous FPTP ward system with a new system of proportional representation using multi-member district electoral areas.

Local Government Act (Northern Ireland) 1972
The Local Government (Northern Ireland) Act 1972 (c. 9 (N.I.)) was an act of the Parliament of Northern Ireland that constituted district councils to administer the twenty-six local government districts created by the Local Government (Boundaries) Act (Northern Ireland) 1971, and abolished the existing local authorities in Northern Ireland.
Mohamedia, Tunisia
Mohamedia is a town in Ben Arous Governorate, Tunisia. was governed by the joint municipality of Mohamedia before its becomes an independent municipality, it is also the seat of an eponymous governoral delegation.

Near the town are the ruins of  Megalopolis a Roman Era civitas (town) of  Roman Proconsulari.

Mohamedia was formerly known by the name of Ṭunbudha, and has been known by the current name of al-Muhammadiya since around the 11th century CE. The town grew up around the strategic Byzantine fortress of Tunbudha which, from its hilltop position, controlled the roads into Tunis and Carthage. Equipped with an Arab garrison soon after the Muslim conquest of Carthage by Hasan ibn al-Nu'man at the end of the 7th century, Tunbudha was the site of a rebellion in the 9th century. The local ruler, Mansur al-Tunbudhi, led the junds in revolt against the Aghlabid dynasty.

Ben Arous Governorate
Ben Arous Governorate (Tunisian Arabic: ولاية بن عروس Wilāyat Bin ‘Arūs pronounced [bɪn.ʕæˈruːs]; French: Gouvernorat de Ben Arous) is one of the twenty-four governorates of Tunisia. It is in the north-east of Tunisia and adjoins smaller Tunis Governorate. It covers an area of 761 km2 and had a population of 722,828 (2024 census). The capital is Ben Arous. It is part of Greater Tunis with the governorates of Tunis, Ariana and Manouba.