hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peter C. Schultz
Peter C. Schultz (born 1942) is an American academic who is co-inventor of the fiber optics used for telecommunications. He is retired President (1988 to 2001) of Heraeus Tenevo Inc., a technical glass manufacturer specializing in fiber optics and semiconductor markets, and retired Chief Technical Officer North America for Heraeus Holding GmbH. In 2001, he was elected as a member into the National Academy of Engineering for invention and development of manufacturing methods and glass compositions for low-attenuation glass fibers for optical communication.

National Medal of Technology and Innovation
The National Medal of Technology and Innovation (formerly the National Medal of Technology) is an honor granted by the president of the United States to American inventors and innovators who have made significant contributions to the development of new and important technology. The award may be granted to a specific person, to a group of people or to an entire organization or corporation. It is the highest honor the United States can confer to a U.S. citizen for achievements related to technological progress.
Intimacy: Album III
Intimacy: Album III is the third studio album from R&B artist Kem.

It was released on August 17, 2010 on Motown Records. This is his first album in five years releasing two albums on Motown and his only release on Universal Motown records following the dissolution of the label. The first single, "Why Would You Stay", received a great deal of airplay, peaking at number 17 and 14 on Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip Hop Songs and Heatseekers charts respectively. Like other albums, it is self-produced by Kem and features a duet with Maurissa Rose and spoken word by Jill Scott. The album debuted at number 95 on the Hot R&B/Hip-hop albums chart and rose to number 2 the following week. A remix of "If It's Love" was also released, this time featuring R&B artist Chrisette Michele.

The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 chart, selling 74,000 copies in its first week in the United States, becoming Kem's highest-charting set ever. In March 2012, the album was certified Gold by the RIAA.

Universal Motown Records
Universal Motown Records was an American record label that operated as a division of Universal Motown Republic Group. It was a contemporary incarnation of the massively successful soul label Motown Records, and the "urban" half of the Universal Records label, although there were some rock artists on the label (along with its sub-labels) as well. Due to internal restructuring at UMG, it was shuttered in 2011, eventually replaced by Republic Records and a modern Motown under The Island Def Jam Music Group.
Cena, Jelgava Municipality
Cena (or Cenas) is a small village in Jelgava Municipality in the Semigallia region of Latvia (from 2009 until 2021, it was part of the former Ozolnieki Municipality). The village located at Misa River approximately 32 km from the capital Riga and 10 km from the city of Jelgava.

Jelgava
Jelgava (pronounced [ˈjælˠɡɐvˠɐ] ⓘ) is a state city in central Latvia. It is located about 41 kilometres (25 miles) southwest of Riga. It is the largest town in the Semigallia region of Latvia. Jelgava was the capital of the united Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1578–1795) and was the administrative center of the Courland Governorate (1795–1918).

Jelgava is situated on a fertile plain rising only 3.5 metres (11.5 feet) above mean sea level on the right bank of the river Lielupe. At high water, the plain and sometimes the town as well can be flooded. It is a railway center, and is also a host to the Jelgava Air Base. Its importance as a railway centre can be seen by the fact that it lies at the junction of over 6 railway lines connecting Riga to Lithuania, eastern and western Latvia, and Lithuania to the Baltic Sea.
Pirro Dodbiba
Pirro Dodbiba (1925–2004) was an Albanian politician of the Albanian Party of Labour (PPSh). Although the nephew of Sokrat Dodbiba, former Minister of Finance in the quisling government of Rexhep Mitrovica during World War II who died in communist prisons, he chose from the beginning the opposite path joining the National Liberation Movement. He served as Party's representative in various places in Communist Albania, and by early 1970s became candidate-member for the Politburo of the Party of Labour of Albania, the highest political ruling entity of that time.

Quisling
Quisling (/ˈkwɪzlɪŋ/, Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈkvɪ̂slɪŋ]) is a term used in Scandinavian languages and in English to mean a citizen or politician of an occupied country who collaborates with an enemy occupying force; it may also be used more generally as a synonym for traitor or collaborator. The word originates from the surname of the Norwegian war-time leader Vidkun Quisling (1887–1945), who headed a domestic Nazi collaborationist regime during the Nazi occupation of Norway from 1940 to 1945, during the Second World War.
The Wages of Fear (2024 film)
The Wages of Fear is a 2024 French action thriller film directed and co-written by Julien Leclercq, and starring Franck Gastambide, Ana Girardot, Alban Lenoir and Sofiane Zermani. It is a remake of the 1953 film by Henri-Georges Clouzot, in turn based on the 1950 novel by Georges Arnaud. It was released on March 29, 2024 on Netflix.

Franck Gastambide
Franck Gastambide (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃k ɡastɑ̃bid]; born 31 October 1978) is a French actor, film director, screenwriter and producer. He became famous in 2009 after creating the first web series from Canal+, Kaïra Shopping, which was later shown on television and adapted to the film in 2012. Also between 2009 and 2011, Gastambide made commercials for the Pepsi brand. He played the main role of a policeman in the movie Taxi 5.
Marie NDiaye
Marie NDiaye (born 4 June 1967) is a French novelist, playwright and screenwriter. She published her first novel, Quant au riche avenir, when she was 17. She won the Prix Goncourt in 2009. Her play Papa doit manger is the sole play by a living female writer to be part of the repertoire of the Comédie française. She co-wrote the screenplay for the 2022 legal drama Saint Omer alongside its director Alice Diop, and Amrita David. In September 2022, the film was selected as France's official selection for Best International Film at the 95th Academy Awards. The English translation of her novel The Witch, by Jordan Stump, was published in 2026 and longlisted for the International Booker Prize.

Prix Femina
The Prix Femina is a French literary prize awarded each year by an exclusively female jury. The prize, which was established in 1904, is awarded to French-language works written in prose or verse by male or female writers, and is announced on the first Wednesday of November each year. Four categories of prizes are awarded:  Prix Femina, Prix Femina essai, Prix Femina étranger (foreign novels), and Prix Femina des lycéens. A Prix Femina spécial is occasionally awarded.
Kiribati at the Paralympics
Kiribati made its Paralympic Games debut at the 2024 Games in Paris. The island nation had originally planned to debut at the 2020 Games in Tokyo but withdrew due to COVID-19 concerns.

Kiribati was granted membership to the International Paralympic Committee in October 2019. The nation's Paralympic debut in 2024 was supported by the Australian Government and Australian Olympic Committee. During the Parade of Nations at the 2024 Summer Paralympics opening ceremony, the flag of Kiribati was carried by Ongiou Timeon, who represented the nation in the men's shot put event.

Athletics at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's shot put
The Men's shot put athletics events for the 2024 Summer Paralympics took place at the Stade de France, Paris from August 30 to September 7, 2024. A total of 16 events were contested in this discipline, all of which consisted of straight finals.
Andhra Pradesh Department of Archeology and Museums
The Andhra Pradesh State Department of Archaeology and Museums is a department of the Government of Andhra Pradesh which oversees archaeological exploration and maintenance of heritage sites and museums in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It was established in the year 1914 under the stewardship of Dr. Ghulam Yazdani. As a result of formation of A. P. State in 1956, the Department of Archaeology and Museums, Hyderabad was expanded and it became known as Andhra Pradesh Department of Archaeology and Museums in the year 1960. When the state of Telangana was formed in 2014, the department was separated into two; leading to disputes between the two newly formed departments over historical artifacts.

Ghulam Yazdani
Ghulam Yazdani, OBE (22 March 1885 – 13 November 1962) was an Indian archaeologist who was one of the founders of the Archaeological Department during the colonial era reign of Nizam of Hyderabad. He also edited the Arabic and Persian Supplement of Epigraphia Indica from 1913 to 1940. He was instrumental in surveying and documenting Islamic, Buddhist, Hindu and Jain sites in the Hyderabad state, including major mosques in the region, the caves at Ajanta, Ellora Caves, Alampur group of temples, Ramappa Temple, Bidar fort, and Daulatabad Fort, among many others.

Yazdani led archaeological surveys were periodically published as Annual Reports of the Archaeological Department of His Exalted Highness the Nizam's Dominions.
Gerezani
Gerezani (Kata ya Gerezani, in Swahili)  is an administrative ward of the Ilala Municipical Council of  the Dar es Salaam Region in Tanzania. The Kariakoo and Mchikichini wards border the ward on its northern side. The ward is bordered by Mchafukoge to the east. Ilala ward borders the ward to the west. The ward is bordered to the south by the Keko and Kurasini wards of the Temeke District. Before 1940, the Gerezani ward was constructed for Railways Corporation's White employees. 
The Mkuki Mall and the Jakaya M. Kiwete Youth Park are located in the Gerezani ward. According to the 2022 census, the ward has a total population of 5,786.

Temeke District, Dar es Salaam
Temeke District, officially the Temeke Municipal Council (Halimashauri ya Manispaa ya Temeke, in Swahili) is one of five districts of the Dar es Salaam Region of Tanzania. Temeke is bordered to the south by the Mkuranga District of the Pwani Region, to the north by the Indian Ocean, and to the northwest by the Ilala District. Temeke's eastern boundary is shared by Kigamboni District.  The district covers an area of 150.4 km2 (58.1 sq mi). The district is comparable in size to the land area of Cook Islands. The administrative seat is Miburani. The district is home to the University of Dar es Salaam's School of Education,  the National Stadium, the largest stadium in the country, Port of Dar es Salaam the largest port in the country, and The Chamazi Stadium the largest privately owned stadium. The 2012 National Tanzania Census states the population of the district as 1,205,949.
Melanophryniscus krauczuki
Melanophryniscus krauczuki is a species of toads in the family Bufonidae. It is found in the Misiones Province in northeastern Argentina and the Itapúa Department in the adjacent Paraguay. The specific name krauczuki honors naturalist and ornithologist Ernesto Krauczuk. Common name Krauczuk's redbelly toad has been proposed for this species.

Toad
Toad (also known as a hoptoad) is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands.

In popular culture (folk taxonomy), toads are distinguished from frogs by their drier, rougher skin and association with more terrestrial habitats. However, this distinction does not align precisely with scientific taxonomy.
World Day Against Child Labour
The World Day Against Child Labour is an International Labour Organization (ILO)-sanctioned holiday first launched in 2002 aiming to raise awareness and activism to prevent child labour. It was spurred by ratifications of ILO Convention No. 138 on the minimum age for employment and ILO Convention No. 182 on the worst forms of child labour.

The World Day Against Child Labour, which is held every year on June 12, is intended to foster the worldwide movement against child labour.

Minimum Age Convention, 1973
The ILO Convention Concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment C138, is a convention adopted in 1973 by the International Labour Organization. It requires ratifying states to pursue a national policy designed to ensure the effective abolition of child labour and to raise progressively the minimum age for admission to employment or work. It is one of eight ILO fundamental conventions. Convention C138 replaces several similar ILO conventions in specific fields of labour.
Significance of numbers in Judaism
Various numbers play a significant role in Jewish texts or practice. Some such numbers were used as mnemonics to help remember concepts, while other numbers were considered to have intrinsic significance or allusive meaning.

The song Echad Mi Yodea ("who knows one?"), sung at the Passover Seder, is known for recounting a religious concept or practice associated with each of the first 13 numbers.

Jewish holidays
Jewish holidays, also known as Jewish festivals or Yamim Tovim (Hebrew: יָמִים טוֹבִים, romanized: yāmīm ṭōvīm, lit. 'Good Days', or singular Hebrew: יוֹם טוֹב‎ Yom Tov, in transliterated Hebrew [English: /ˈjɔːm ˈtɔːv, joʊm ˈtoʊv/]), are holidays observed by Jews throughout the Hebrew calendar. They include religious, cultural and national elements, derived from four sources: mitzvot ("biblical commandments"), rabbinic mandates, the history of Judaism, and the State of Israel.

Jewish holidays occur on the same dates every year in the Hebrew calendar, but the dates vary in the Gregorian. This is because the Hebrew calendar is a lunisolar calendar (based on the cycles of both the sun and moon), whereas the Gregorian is a solar calendar. Each holiday can only occur on certain days of the week, four for most, but five for holidays in Tevet and Shevat and six for Hanukkah (see Days of week on Hebrew calendar).
Luis Gallego
Luis Gallego Condori (born 21 June 1968) is a Bolivian lawyer and politician who served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from Potosí, representing circumscription 39 from 2010 to 2015.

Born in a peasant community in one of the least developed regions of rural Potosí, Gallego completed only portions of his primary education before dropping out to focus on agricultural work. As a young adult, he began scaling the ranks of traditional leadership, holding posts of both cultural and political significance within his Quechua community.

In 2009, Gallego was elected to the Chamber of Deputies on behalf of the Movement for Socialism, a party he militantly supported, only to later grow disenfranchised with. He sought to be elected ombudsman of Bolivia in 2022, but his previous political service disqualified him from holding the position.

Tribal chief
A tribal chief, chieftain, or headman is a political leader of a social group commonly described as a tribe, band, or confederation of tribes. Chiefs’ authority varies widely by society and context, and in many cases depends on consensus and customary legitimacy rather than coercive power. In anthropology, terms such as tribe, chief, and chiefdom have been used in comparative models of sociopolitical organization, but the analytic use of tribe has also been widely criticized as imprecise and historically burdened. In some contemporary states, forms of chiefly authority are formally recognized or regulated by constitutions and statutes.
Rolf Aagaard-Svendsen
Rolf Aagaard-Svendsen (born 28 March 1948 in Hellerup) is a Danish politician, who served as mayor of Lyngby-Taarbæk Municipality from 2002 to 2010, elected for Conservative People's Party. He was first elected into municipal council in 1982.

Hellerup
Hellerup (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhelˀəʁɔp]) is a very affluent district of Gentofte Municipality in the suburbs of Copenhagen, Denmark. The most urban part of the district is centred on Strandvejen and is bordered by Østerbro to the south and the Øresund to the east. It comprises Tuborg Havn, the redeveloped brewery site of Tuborg Breweries, with the Waterfront Shopping Center, a marina and the headquarters of several large companies. Other parts of the district consist of single family detached homes. Local landmarks include the science centre Experimentarium and the art Øregaard Museum.
Frieda Nugel
Frieda Nugel (1884–1966) was a German mathematician and civil rights activist, one of the first German women to earn a doctorate in mathematics. She earned her PhD at Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg in 1912, under the supervision of August Gutzmer.

Emden
Emden (German pronunciation: [ˈɛmdn̩] ⓘ) is an independent town and seaport in Lower Saxony in the north-west of Germany and lies on the River Ems, close to the Netherlands border. It is the main town in the region of East Frisia and had a total population of 50,535 in 2022.
Nora Bretón
Nora Eva Bretón Báez is a Mexican physicist whose research involves charged black holes. She is a researcher at CINVESTAV, the Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute.

CINVESTAV
The Center for  Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (in Spanish: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional or simply as CINVESTAV-IPN) is a Mexican non-governmental scientific research institution affiliated with the National Polytechnic Institute and founded by president Adolfo López Mateos on 17 April 1961, initially planned as a postgraduate department of the National Polytechnic Institute; this was later modified by President José López Portillo, on 17 September 1982.

The modification by President Portillo stipulates that it is a decentralized organ of public interest, with legal personality and own patrimony. Cinvestav receives an annual subsidy by the Federal Government to fund its operations.
Automatic bleeding valve
An automatic bleeding valve or air release valve (ARV) is a plumbing valve used to automatically release trapped air from a heating system.

Air, or other gas, may collect within plumbing. For water delivery systems to taps and basins, particularly with good main supply pressure, this air is usually flushed through with the water flow and does not cause a problem, although in some hot-water systems (particularly Gravity systems) air locks can be problematic.

In a closed heating system though, it has no other means of escape and builds up. An air bubble trapped within a radiator means that no hot water circulates in the upper part and so the heating power of the radiator is reduced. If air is trapped within the boiler this may cause pump cavitation or boiling and overheating within the heat exchanger.

Heat exchanger
A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between a source and a working fluid. Heat exchangers are used in both cooling and heating processes. The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power stations, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural-gas processing, and sewage treatment. The classic example of a heat exchanger is found in an internal combustion engine in which a circulating fluid known as engine coolant flows through radiator coils and air flows past the coils, which cools the coolant and heats the incoming air. Another example is the heat sink, which is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant.
Jim Crow (group)
Jim Crow was a hip hop trio from Atlanta, Georgia, formed in 1997 and composed of rappers Polow da Don, Cutty Cartel, and Mr. Mo.

The group signed with Epic Records in 1999. Their debut studio album, Crow's Nest (1999), peaked at number 99 on Billboard's Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. Its lead single, "That Drama (Baby's Mama)" (featuring Too Short), peaked at number 25 on the Hot Rap Songs chart. English-American rapper Slick Rick guest appeared on the group's second album, Right Quick (2001), which was the trio's final release before disbanding in 2005.

Hot Rap Songs
Hot Rap Songs (formerly known as Hot Rap Tracks and Hot Rap Singles) is a chart released weekly by Billboard in the United States. It lists the 25 most popular hip-hop/rap songs, calculated weekly by airplay on rhythmic and urban radio stations and sales in hip hop-focused or exclusive markets. Streaming data, digital downloads and All-Format radio stations were added to the methodology of determining chart rankings in 2012. From 1989 through 2001, it was based on how much the single sold in that given week.
Young Love (TV series)
Young Love is an American animated sitcom created by Matthew A. Cherry, based on the 2019 short film Hair Love. It premiered on Max on September 21, 2023 and ended on October 19, 2023 with 12 episodes.

Animated sitcom
An animated sitcom is a subgenre of a Western television sitcom that is animated, and is usually made or created for adult audiences. The Simpsons, Family Guy, South Park, SpongeBob SquarePants, American Dad! and King of the Hill are six of the longest-running American animated sitcoms.
John Gathercole
John Robert Gathercole (23 April 1937 – 8 October 2010) was Archdeacon of Dudley from 1987 until 2001.

Gathercole was educated at  The Judd School, Tonbridge and Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge; and ordained after a period of study at Ridley Hall, Cambridge in 1963. After curacies in Durham and Croxdale he was Social and Industrial Adviser to the Bishop of Durham from 1967 to 1970. He was the Industrial Chaplain at Redditch from 1970 to 1987; Rural Dean of Bromsgrove from 1978 to 1985; Team Leader  and Senior Chaplain to the Worcester Industrial Mission from  1985 to 1991; Rural Dean of Droitwich from 2007 to 2008; and a Member of the General Synod of the Church of England from 1995 to 2001.

General Synod of the Church of England
The General Synod is the tricameral deliberative and legislative organ of the Church of England. The synod was instituted in 1970, replacing the Church Assembly, and is the culmination of a process of rediscovering self-government for the Church of England that had started in the 1850s.
2022–23 Girabola
The 2022–23 Girabola was the 45th season of top-tier football in Angola. The season ran from 24 September 2022 until 21 May 2023.

The league comprised 16 teams, the bottom three of which were relegated to the 2023–24 Provincial stages.

The winner and runner-up qualified for the 2023–24 CAF Champions League qualifications round.

Girabola
Girabola, or Campeonato Nacional de Futebol de Séniores Masculinos, is the top division of Angolan football. It is organized by the Angolan Football Federation.

The term "Girabola" (lit. 'spin ball') is a creation of the nationalist, radio broadcaster and sports reporter Rui Carvalho, in 1972, at a time when the Angolan championship was still officially called "Campeonato do Estado Ultramarino de Angola". The name "Girabola" differentiated the competition from the other overseas provinces and was a subtle form of anti-colonial protest.

The league winner and runner-up qualify for the CAF Champions League.