hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rulemaking
In administrative law in the United States, rulemaking is the process that executive and independent agencies use to create, or promulgate, regulations. In general, legislatures first set broad policy mandates by passing statutes, then agencies create more detailed regulations through rulemaking.

By bringing detailed scientific and other types of expertise to bear on policy, the rulemaking process has been the means by which some of the most far-reaching government regulations of the 20th century have been created. For example, science-based regulations are critical to modern programs for environmental protection, food safety, and workplace safety.  However, the growth in regulations has fueled criticism that the rulemaking process reduces the transparency and accountability of democratic government.

Environmental protection
Environmental protection, or environment protection, refers to the taking of measures to protecting the natural environment, prevent pollution and maintain ecological balance. Action may be taken by individuals, advocacy groups and governments. Objectives include the conservation of the existing natural environment and natural resources and, when possible, repair of damage and reversal of harmful trends.

Due to the pressures of overconsumption, population growth and technology, the biophysical environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently. This has been recognized, and governments have begun placing restraints on activities that cause environmental degradation. Since the 1960s, environmental movements have created more awareness of the multiple environmental problems. There is disagreement on the extent of the environmental impact of human activity, so protection measures are occasionally debated.
2alpha-hydroxytaxane 2-O-benzoyltransferase
In enzymology, a 2alpha-hydroxytaxane 2-O-benzoyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.166) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

benzoyl-CoA + 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III  CoA + 10-deacetylbaccatin III

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are benzoyl-CoA and 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III, whereas its two products are CoA and 10-deacetylbaccatin III.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is benzoyl-CoA:taxan-2alpha-ol O-benzoyltransferase. This enzyme is also called benzoyl-CoA:taxane 2alpha-O-benzoyltransferase.  This enzyme participates in diterpenoid biosynthesis.

Coenzyme A
Coenzyme A (CoA, SHCoA, CoASH) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. Every genome sequenced to date encodes enzymes that use coenzyme A as a substrate, and around 4% of cellular enzymes use it (or a thioester) as a substrate. In humans, CoA biosynthesis requires cysteine, pantothenate (vitamin B5), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

In its acetyl form, coenzyme A is a highly versatile molecule, serving metabolic functions in both the anabolic and catabolic pathways. Acetyl-CoA is utilised in the post-translational regulation and allosteric regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase and carboxylase to maintain and support the partition of pyruvate synthesis and degradation.
Mykhailo Havrylko
Mykhailo Omelianovych Havrylko (Ukrainian: Михайло Омелянович Гаврилко; 5 September 1882, Kozatski Khutory near Runivshchyna, now Poltava Oblast – autumn 1920, Poltava) was a Ukrainian sculptor, graphic artist, poet, and soldier. Member of the Ukrainian Social-Democratic Workers' Party, the Union for the Liberation of Ukraine (1914). Participant of the Liberation Movement as a member of the Ukrainian Sich Riflemen and the UPR Army (1915–1919).

Graphic designer
A graphic designer is a practitioner who follows the discipline of graphic design, either within companies or organizations or independently. They are professionals in design and visual communication, with their primary focus on transforming linguistic messages into graphic manifestations, whether tangible or intangible. They are responsible for planning, designing, projecting, and conveying messages or ideas through visual communication. Graphic design is one of the most in-demand professions with significant job opportunities, as it allows leveraging technological advancements and working online from anywhere in the world.
Covenant Monument
The Covenant Monument is a provincial heritage site in Belfast in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa.

In 1982 it was described in the Government Gazette as

This obelisk was erected in 1886 to commemorate the vow taken by Andries Pretorius and his men shortly before the Battle of Blood River in 1838. It is the oldest monument of its kind in the Transvaal.

Government Gazette of South Africa
The Government Gazette (Afrikaans: Staatskoerant) is the gazette of record of South Africa. It is the "official organ of Government". The Government Gazette is used by the government as an official way of communicating to the general public.
Chambeyronia oliviformis
Chambeyronia oliviformis is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is a palm tree endemic to New Caledonia.

The species was first described as Kentia oliviformis by Adolphe-Théodore Brongniart and Jean Antoine Arthur Gris in 1873. The same year Brongniart described the genus Kentiopsis and moved the species there as Kentiopsis oliviformis. In 2021 Donald R. Hodel and Craig F. Barrett synonymized Kentiopsis with genus Chambeyronia, and renamed the species Chambeyronia oliviformis.

Jean Antoine Arthur Gris
Jean Antoine Arthur Gris (11 December 1829 – 19 August 1872) was a French botanist who was a native of Châtillon-sur-Seine, in the department of Côte-d'Or.

Beginning in 1855 he worked in the laboratory of Adolphe-Théodore Brongniart (1801–1876) at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris. In 1859 he received his PhD with a dissertation involving microscopic studies of chlorophyll. He was the author of 80 scientific articles, the majority of them being published in the Bulletin de la Société botanique de France and the Annales des sciences naturelles.

In 1865, Brongniart named the genus Grisia (synonym: Bikkia, family: Rubiaceae) in his honor.

Jean Gris died in Paris on 19 August 1872 at the age of 42. He is buried in the cemetery of Père-Lachaise, 22nd division.
1939 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's singles
The 1939 World Table Tennis Championships men's singles was the 13th edition of the men's singles championship.

Richard Bergmann defeated Alojzy Ehrlich in the final, winning three sets to nil to secure the title. The eventual champion Bergmann and former winner Viktor Barna both represented England after fleeing the Nazis in Europe.

Only 11 men's teams and 5 women's teams entered the Championships. Hungary, the United States and Austria were the major nations missing.

Alojzy Ehrlich
Alojzy "Alex" Ehrlich (1 January 1914 – 7 December 1992), also called "King of the Chiselers," was a Polish table tennis player, widely regarded as one of the best players in Polish history of this sport, who three times won silver in the World Championships.

Ehrlich was ranked world No. 6 in 1938 by Hon. Ivor Montagu and world No. 9 in 1950.

He was a very popular athlete in interbellum Poland; in 1934 Ehrlich was placed on the 8th position in the prestigious list of 10 most popular sportsmen of Poland, made by readers of the national sports daily Przeglad Sportowy.
Culture in Belgrade
The Culture in Belgrade encompasses a rich and diverse heritage shaped by centuries of historical, social, and geographical influences that have defined the cultural identity of Serbia's capital. As a centuries-old crossroads of civilizations, Belgrade hosts many significant cultural events, including FEST (International Film Festival), BITEF (Belgrade International Theatre Festival), BELEF (Belgrade Summer Festival), BEMUS (Belgrade Music Festival), the Belgrade Book Fair, and the Belgrade Beer Fest. The city has been and remains a home and inspiration to many prominent artists, writers, and scientists, and its numerous cultural institutions, galleries, museums, theatres, and libraries make it a vital cultural hub of Southeastern Europe.

Branislav Nušić
Branislav Nušić (Serbian Cyrillic: Бранислав Нушић, pronounced [brǎnislav̞ nûʃit͡ɕ]; 20 October [O.S. 8 October] 1864 – 19 January 1938) was a Serbian playwright, satirist, essayist, novelist. Nušić was the founder of modern rhetoric in Serbia. He also worked as a journalist and a civil servant.
2019 FIBA Women's AfroBasket qualification
The 2019 FIBA Women's AfroBasket qualification occurred on various dates in 2019. It determined which African national basketball teams would qualify for the 2019 FIBA Women's AfroBasket. Teams competed against other teams in their respective zones for a spot in the Championship tournament.

DR Congo women's national basketball team
The DR Congo women's national basketball team (French: Équipe nationale féminine de basket-ball de la République démocratique du Congo) represents the Democratic Republic of the Congo in international basketball competitions. It is controlled by the Basketball Federation of Democratic Republic of Congo. (French: République démocratique du Congo Fédération de basket-ball)

The team was formerly known as the Zaire women's national basketball team (French: Équipe nationale féminine de basket-ball du Zaïre).
Jan van den Ende
Johannes Cornelis Maria (Jan) van den Ende is a Dutch Professor of Management of Technology and Innovation at Rotterdam School of Management at the Erasmus University Rotterdam, and Professor of Management at the Libera Università Internazionale degli Studi Sociali Guido Carli in Rome, Italy. known for his work on product and service development and idea management.

Van den Ende received his MA at the Delft University of Technology in 1978, where he later also obtained his PhD. After several years in industry, he returned to the Delft University of Technology in 1990, where he became Assistant Professor. In 2000 he moved to the Erasmus University Rotterdam, where he was appointed Associate Professor at the Rotterdam School of Management, and in 2007 full Professor of Management of Technology and Innovation.

Luiss University
Luiss University (Italian: Libera Università Internazionale degli Studi Sociali Guido Carli, lit. 'Guido Carli Free International University of Social Studies') is a private university located in Rome, Italy, founded in 1974 by Umberto Agnelli.

It provides undergraduate and postgraduate education, in addition to a range of Dual Degree programs, in the fields of finance, business, management, economics, law, and political science. It is located near the historical center of the city, between the Parioli and Trieste quarters. The university is supported by Confindustria, the Italian Confederation of Industries. Luiss has four different campuses: one in Viale Pola, one in Via Parenzo, one in Villa Blanc, and the last one in Viale Romania. It also has a library in Via di Santa Costanza.
Archbishop Tenison's School
Archbishop Tenison's Grammar School, also known as Archbishop Tenison's School or Tenison's, was established as a library and grammar school for 30 poor boys in the parish of St Martin-in-the-Fields in 1685. The school moved location several times and adapted its status, provision and partnerships over the years in response to a changing educational landscape: as a library and grammar school, then a grammar school only, then a comprehensive, voluntary aided, grant aided and finally as an academy.

Most recently 2019-2023 Tenison's was run as an academy and was based in Lambeth directly opposite The Oval cricket ground, home of Surrey County Cricket Club.  The school catered for around 530 girls and boys aged 11–16 and was managed by the Southwark Diocese Board of Education Multi Academy Trust.

Dexter and sinister
Dexter and sinister are terms used in heraldry to refer to specific locations in an escutcheon bearing a coat of arms, and to the other elements of an achievement. Dexter (Latin for 'right') indicates the right-hand side of the shield, as regarded by the bearer, i.e. the bearer's proper right, and to the left as seen by the viewer. Sinister (Latin for 'left') indicates the left-hand side as regarded by the bearer – the bearer's proper left, and to the right as seen by the viewer.

In vexillology, the terms hoist and fly are preferred, although these are not direct equivalents, as their meaning varies with the direction in which the flag is flying.
Qalaat al-Jandal
Qalaat al-Jandal (Arabic: قلعة الجندل) is a Syrian village in the Qatana District of the Rif Dimashq Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Qalaat al-Jandal had a population of 3,251 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Druze.

Rif Dimashq Governorate
Rif Dimashq Governorate (Arabic: محافظة ريف دمشق, romanized: Moḥaafaẓat Reef Demashq, lit. "Damascus Countryside" or "Damascus Suburbs") is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in the southwestern part of the country. It borders the governorates of Quneitra, Daraa and Suwayda in the southwest, Homs in the north, Lebanon in the west and Jordan in the south. The capital is the city of Douma.

The Governorate completely surrounds the city and governorate of Damascus and it has an area of 18,032 km² and a population of 2,273,074 (2004 census).

The Governorate was a major site of fighting in the Syrian Civil War in the Rif Dimashq Governorate campaign.
Reduction, Pennsylvania
Reduction (also Flynns) is an unincorporated community in South Huntingdon Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. United States. The community is located on the Youghiogheny River. Its population is 60, down from a peak of 400.

Youghiogheny River
The Youghiogheny River (/jɒkəˈɡeɪni/ yok-ə-GAY-nee), or the Yough (/ˈjɒk/ YOK) for short, is a 134-mile-long (216 km) tributary of the Monongahela River in West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. It drains an area on the west side of the Allegheny Mountains northward into Pennsylvania, providing a small watershed in extreme western Maryland into the tributaries of the Mississippi River. Youghiogheny is a Lenape word meaning "a stream flowing in a contrary direction".
3-hydroxybenzoate 6-monooxygenase
In enzymology, a 3-hydroxybenzoate 6-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.24) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

3-hydroxybenzoate + NADH + H+ + O2  2,5-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + H2O

The 4 substrates of this enzyme are 3-hydroxybenzoate, NADH, H+, and O2, whereas its 3 products are 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate, NAD+, and H2O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3-hydroxybenzoate,NADH:oxygen oxidoreductase (6-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include 3-hydroxybenzoate 6-hydroxylase, m-hydroxybenzoate 6-hydroxylase, and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid-6-hydroxylase.  This enzyme participates in benzoate degradation via hydroxylation.  It employs one cofactor, FAD.

Gentisic acid
Gentisic acid is a dihydroxybenzoic acid. It is a derivative of benzoic acid and a minor (1%) product of the metabolic break down of aspirin, excreted by the kidneys.

It is also found in the African tree Alchornea cordifolia and in wine.
Ben Wang (materials scientist)
Ben Wang (Chinese: 王緒斌; pinyin: wáng xù bīn; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄨㄤˊ ㄒㄩˋ ㄅㄧㄣ; born 1954) is an American materials scientist who specializes in materials engineering, applying emerging technologies to improve the manufacturing of affordable composite materials. He is a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology's H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, holds the Eugene C. Gwaltney, Jr. Chair in Manufacturing, and is the Executive Director of the Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute.

Bopomofo
Bopomofo, also called Zhuyin Fuhao (/dʒuːˌjɪn fuːˈhaʊ/ joo-YIN foo-HOW; 注音符號; Zhùyīn fúhào; 'phonetic symbols'), or simply Zhuyin, is a transliteration system for Standard Chinese and other Sinitic languages. It is the principal method of teaching Mandarin pronunciation in Taiwan. It consists of 37 characters and five tone marks, which together can transcribe all possible sounds in Mandarin Chinese.

Bopomofo was first introduced in China during the 1910s by the Beiyang government, where it was used alongside Wade–Giles, a romanization system which used a modified Latin alphabet. Today, Bopomofo is more common in Taiwan than on the mainland, and is used as the primary electronic input method for Taiwanese Mandarin, as well as in dictionaries and other non-official documents.
Szlamica
Szlamica (Belarusian: Шляміца - Shlyamitsa) is a river of Poland and Belarus, a tributary of the Marycha. It branches off the Czarna Hańcza near Rygol, northeastern Poland, flows through the lakes Głębokie and Szlamy and crosses the Belarusian border. It flows into the Marycha near the village Kalety, Grodno District.

Głębokie Lake
Głębokie Lake is a lake in the Lubusz Voivodeship, in the Międzyrzecz County, in the Gmina Międzyrzecz, approximately 5 km north of Międzyrzecz, located in the area of the Lubusz Lakeland and within the drainage basin of the Obra river. It is the largest non-drainage lake in the Lubusz Voivodeship.
Dialogue
Dialogue (sometimes spelled dialog in American English) is an interactive communication between two or more people, and a literary and theatrical form that depicts such an exchange. As a philosophical or didactic device, it is chiefly associated in the West with the Socratic dialogue as developed by Plato, but antecedents are also found in other traditions including Indian literature.

Martin Buber
Martin Buber (pronounced [ˈmaʁtiːn̩ ˈbuːbɐ] ⓘ; Hebrew: מרטין בובר, Yiddish: מארטין בובער; 8 February 1878 – 13 June 1965) was an Austrian-Israeli philosopher best known for his philosophy of dialogue, a form of existentialism centered on the distinction between the I–Thou relationship and the I–It relationship. Born in Vienna, Buber came from a family of observant Jews, but broke with Jewish custom to pursue secular studies in philosophy. He produced writings about Zionism and worked with various bodies within the Zionist movement extensively over a nearly 50-year period spanning his time in Europe and the Near East. In 1923, Buber wrote his famous essay on existence, Ich und Du (later translated into English as I and Thou), and in 1925 he began translating the Hebrew Bible into the German language.

He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature ten times, and the Nobel Peace Prize seven times.
Seems Like Old Times (song)
"Seems Like Old Times" is a popular song written by Carmen Lombardo and John Jacob Loeb. The tune was derived from a 1939 song, "It Seems Like Old Times" with music and lyrics by Sam H. Stept and Charles Tobias, recorded by Freddy Martin, Ruby Newman and others.

It was originally recorded by Guy Lombardo's orchestra (vocal by Don Rodney) on November 15, 1945 and released by Decca Records as catalog number 18737. Hit versions in 1946 were by Lombardo (No. 7 in the charts), Vaughn Monroe (also No. 7) and Kate Smith (No. 12).

The recording by Joe Loss and His Orchestra with vocal by Sam Browne was made in London on April 17, 1946. It was released by EMI on the His Master's Voice label as catalog number BD 5931.

Many other artists have recorded the song including Ella Fitzgerald for her 1968 Columbia album 30 by Ella, Rosemary Clooney for her album At Long Last (1998), and Laufey for her album A Matter of Time.

30 by Ella
30 by Ella is a 1968 studio album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald.

The album's unusual construction of six medleys of songs were arranged by Benny Carter. This album was Fitzgerald's final recording made for Capitol Records. The following album release on Capitol from Fitzgerald, Misty Blue had been recorded in late 1967.
National Weather Service Memphis, Tennessee
National Weather Service - Memphis, TN is a local weather forecast office responsible for monitoring weather conditions in the U.S. Mid-South region for counties in Eastern Arkansas, the Missouri Bootheel (Dunklin and Pemiscot counties), Northern Mississippi, and Western Tennessee. The current office in Memphis maintains a WSR-88D (NEXRAD) radar system, and Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System (AWIPS) that greatly improve forecasting in the region. Memphis is in charge of weather forecasts, warnings and local statements as well as aviation weather. The name of the Doppler weather radar (WSR-88D) used by this office is MEG. Darone Jones is the Meteorologist-In-Charge (MIC) of this office.

Dunklin County, Missouri
Dunklin County is located in the Bootheel of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,283. The largest city and county seat is Kennett.

Dunklin County comprises the Kennett, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Bill Cahill (hurler)
William Cahill (1 May 1923 – 18 August 2001) was an Irish hurler. At club level, he played with and trained Graigue and SLieverue, and at inter-county level was a member of the Kilkenny senior hurling team.

1946 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship 1946 was the 60th series of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition.  Cork won the championship, beating Kilkeny 7–5 to 3–8 in the final at Croke Park, Dublin.
Laeknishendr
Laeknishendr or Læknishendr is a 1995 demo by the German Viking metal band Falkenbach. It contains some rerecorded tracks from older Falkenbach demos. According to Aðalbjörn Tryggvason of Sólstafir, this demo was recorded in one of Iceland's national parks, Þingvellir.
The original version was limited to 33 units, but it was bootlegged by several labels.

The musical style is different from later Falkenbach albums. Vratyas Vakyas plays a more black/doom metal oriented sound, which is more harsh and aggressive than later works. Some of the tracks were rerecorded for later albums. Vratyas was using a Roland TR-909 drum machine. All lyrics are in Latin and Old Norse.

Laeknishendr was an important release for the development of the German Viking/pagan metal scene.

Doom metal
Doom metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music that typically uses slower tempos, low-tuned guitars and a much "thicker" or "heavier" sound than other heavy metal genres. Both the music and the lyrics are intended to evoke a sense of despair, dread, and impending doom. The genre is strongly influenced by the early work of Black Sabbath, who formed a prototype for doom metal. During the first half of the 1980s, a number of bands such as Witchfinder General and Pagan Altar from England, American bands Pentagram, Saint Vitus, the Obsessed, Trouble, and Cirith Ungol, and Swedish band Candlemass defined doom metal as a distinct genre.
Tamsyn Manou
Tamsyn Carolyn Lewis (born 20 July 1978) is an Australian media personality and former track and field athlete who won a total of eighteen Australian Championships across the 400 metres, 800 metres and 400 m hurdles. She first represented Australia in 1994, and won the 800 metres in the 2008 World Indoor Championships.

Maebashi
Maebashi (前橋市, Maebashi-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [ma.eꜜ.ba.ɕi, maꜜ.e-, ma.e.ba.ɕiꜜ.ɕi], locally [ma.e.ba.ɕi]) is the capital city of Gunma Prefecture, in the northern Kantō region of Japan. As of 31 August 2020, the city had an estimated population of 335,352 in 151,171 households, and a population density of 1100 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 311.59 km2 (120.31 sq mi).  It was the most populous city within Gunma Prefecture until Takasaki merged with nearby towns between 2006 and 2009. Maebashi is known to be the "City of Water, Greenery and Poets" because of its pure waters, its rich nature and because it gave birth to several Japanese contemporary poets, such as Sakutarō Hagiwara.