hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mercator (ship)
Mercator is a steel-hulled barquentine built in 1932 as a training ship for the Belgian merchant fleet. She was named after Gerardus Mercator (1512–1594), a Belgian cartographer. She was designed by G.L. Watson & Co. and built in Leith, Scotland and launched in 1932.

Besides being a training ship, she was also used, mainly before World War II, for scientific observations, or as ambassador for Belgium on world fairs and in sailing events.

In 1961, she became a floating museum, first in Antwerp and, from 1964, in the marina of Ostend, just in front of the city hall. As of 2019, she remains open to visitors.

Museum ship
A museum ship, also called a memorial ship, is a ship that has been preserved and converted into a museum open to the public for educational or memorial purposes. Some are also used for training and recruitment purposes, mostly for the small number of museum ships that are still operational and thus capable of regular movement.

Several hundred museum ships are kept around the world, with around 175 of them organised in the Historic Naval Ships Association though many are not naval museum ships, from general merchant ships to tugs and lightships. Many, if not most, museum ships are also associated with a maritime museum.
Fulgora laternaria
Fulgora laternaria (often misspelled "lanternaria") is a species of Neotropical fulgorid planthopper. It is known by a large variety of common names, among them lantern fly, peanut bug, peanut-headed lanternfly, alligator bug, jequitiranaboia, machaca, chicharra-machacuy, and cocoposa.

Fulgoridae
The family Fulgoridae is a large group of hemipteran insects, especially abundant and diverse in the tropics, containing over 125 genera worldwide. They are mostly of moderate to large size, many with a superficial resemblance to Lepidoptera due to their brilliant and varied coloration. Various genera and species (especially the genera Fulgora and Pyrops) are sometimes referred to as lanternflies or lanthorn flies.

The head of some species is produced into a hollow process, resembling a snout, which is sometimes inflated and nearly as large as the body of the insect, sometimes elongated, narrow and apically upturned. It was believed, mainly on the authority of Maria Sibylla Merian, that this process, the so-called lantern, was luminous at night in the living insect. Carl Linnaeus adopted the statement without question and coined a number of specific names, such as laternaria, phosphorea and candelaria to illustrate the supposed fact, and thus propagated the myth.
Yolanda Ordaz de la Cruz
Yolanda Ordaz de la Cruz (1963 – 26 July 2011) was a crime reporter who had worked for nearly three decades for Notiver, the largest-circulation newspaper in Veracruz, Mexico. She was kidnapped on July 24, 2011, and her corpse was found beheaded two days later in the neighboring port town of Boca del Río. The crime remains unsolved with no charges brought and different hypotheses in existence. The general attorney of the state of Veracruz, Reynaldo Escobar, said that the investigation was considering the alleged relationship of some journalists with organized crime. Notiver saw these declarations as a menace to journalists and linked the slaying to Ordaz's investigation of the murder of three colleagues a month earlier.

Reynaldo Escobar Pérez
Reynaldo Gaudencio Escobar Pérez was a Mexican politician. Previously, he was Secretary of Government in the state of Veracruz, and was the state's attorney general, until he resigned on October 8, 2011. He was also the former mayor of Xalapa. He died on 25 May 2025.
Le Sage's theory of gravitation
Le Sage's theory of gravitation is a kinetic theory of gravity originally proposed by Nicolas Fatio de Duillier in 1690 and later by Georges-Louis Le Sage in 1748.  The theory proposed a mechanical explanation for Newton's gravitational force in terms of streams of tiny unseen particles (which Le Sage called ultra-mundane corpuscles) impacting all material objects from all directions. According to this model, any two material bodies partially shield each other from the impinging corpuscles, resulting in a net imbalance in the pressure exerted by the impact of corpuscles on the bodies, tending to drive the bodies together. This mechanical explanation for gravity never gained widespread acceptance.

Perpetual motion
Perpetual motion is the motion of bodies that continues forever in an unperturbed system. A perpetual motion machine is a hypothetical machine that can do work indefinitely without an external energy source. This kind of machine is impossible, since its existence would violate the first and/or second laws of thermodynamics. These laws of thermodynamics apply regardless of the size of the system. Thus, machines that extract energy from finite sources cannot operate indefinitely because they are driven by the energy stored in the source, which will eventually be exhausted. A common example is devices powered by ocean currents, whose energy is ultimately derived from the Sun, which itself will eventually burn out.
Higher Hurdsfield
Higher Hurdsfield is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. Higher Hurdsfield Parish Council is the lowest tier of government serving the residents. It has a population of around 300, increasing at the 2011 Census to 717,
and is situated on the eastern outskirts of Macclesfield, approximately 7 miles (11 km) from the border of Derbyshire and Cheshire. The nearest village is Rainow.

Hurdsfield Golf Club (now defunct) was founded in 1900. The club continued until the time of WW2.

Cheshire East
Cheshire East is a unitary authority area with borough status in Cheshire, England. The local authority is Cheshire East Council. Towns within the area include Crewe, Macclesfield, Congleton, Wilmslow, Nantwich, Poynton, Knutsford, Alsager, Bollington, Handforth and Sandbach.
Roadway air dispersion modeling
Roadway air dispersion modeling is the study of air pollutant transport from a roadway or other linear emitter. Computer models  are required to conduct this analysis, because of the complex variables involved, including vehicle emissions, vehicle speed, meteorology, and terrain geometry.  Line source dispersion has been studied since at least the 1960s, when the regulatory framework in the United States began requiring quantitative analysis of the air pollution consequences of major roadway and airport projects.  By the early 1970s this subset of atmospheric dispersion models was being applied to real-world cases of highway planning, even including some controversial court cases.

Environmental impact statement
An environmental impact statement (EIS), under United States environmental law, is a document required by the 1969 National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for certain actions "significantly affecting the quality of the human environment". An EIS is a tool for decision making.  It describes the positive and negative environmental effects of a proposed action, and it usually also lists one or more alternative actions that may be chosen instead of the action described in the EIS. One of the primary authors of the act is Lynton K. Caldwell.

Preliminary versions of these documents are officially known as a draft environmental impact statement (DEIS) or draft environmental impact report (DEIR).
James Dean (songwriter)
James Anthony Dean (February 7, 1943 – April 9, 2006) was an American songwriter.  He was best known for his work at Motown Records in the 1960s, often in collaboration with William Weatherspoon with whom he co-wrote several hits, including Jimmy Ruffin's "What Becomes of the Brokenhearted".  Dean also co-wrote, with John Glover, "You Don't Have to Be a Star (To Be in My Show)", a US No. 1 hit for Marilyn McCoo and Billy Davis, Jr.

Marilyn McCoo
Marilyn McCoo (born September 30, 1943) is an American singer, actress, and television presenter, who is best known for being the lead female vocalist in the group the 5th Dimension as well as hosting the 1980s music television show Solid Gold.

She has a three-octave vocal range.
Veltex Shizuoka
The Veltex Shizuoka (ベルテックス静岡, Berutekksu Shizuoka) are a Japanese professional basketball team based in Shizuoka, Japan. The Veltex compete in the second division of the B.League as a member of the Western Conference.

B.League
The B.League is a men's professional basketball league in Japan. The league is operated by the Japan Professional Basketball League and was formed as a result of a merger between the National Basketball League that was operated by the FIBA-affiliated Japan Basketball Association and the independently operated bj league. The merger had been mandated by FIBA as a condition to Japan having its membership resumed following suspension in November 2014. The league began play in September 2016.
Greg Eastwood
Greg Eastwood (born 10 March 1987) is a New Zealand professional rugby league footballer. A New Zealand international forward, he played in the NRL for the Brisbane Broncos and Canterbury Bulldogs, and in the Super League for the Leeds Rhinos.

NRL State Championship
The NRL State Championship is a rugby league match contested by the premiers of the two elite second-tier competitions in Australia, the New South Wales Cup and the Queensland Cup. The match has been played as a curtain-raiser to the NRL Grand Final at Stadium Australia since it was introduced by the National Rugby League (NRL) in 2014. The match acts as Super Bowl-type to determine the National Reserve Grade Champions.
A8 motorway (Switzerland)
The A8 motorway, an Autobahn in central Switzerland, is a divided highway connecting the Bernese Oberland and the Innerschweiz. It is part of the National Road N8. For the Canton of Obwalden, it is the lifeline that has allowed the settling of industrial firms in this historically predominantly agricultural region. Via the A8, speedy connections to the major economic centers in the Mittelland and the north–south transit axis A2 are now possible. For tourists, A8 opens up in the opposite direction: the large ski resorts in the Bernese Oberland and the tourism regions around the Brünig Pass and Interlaken.

Central Switzerland
Central Switzerland is a subdivision of Switzerland as defined by the Federal Statistical Office for statistical purposes. It is classified as a NUTS-2 statistical region of Switzerland, and encompasses the cantons of Uri, Schwyz, Obwalden, Nidwalden, Lucerne and Zug. It incorporates the highlands in the central portion of the country.
August Nathanael Grischow
August Nathanael Grischow (29 September 1726 in Berlin – 4 June 1760 in Saint Petersburg) was a German mathematician and astronomer. He was the son of the mathematician and meteorologist. From 1745 until 1749 Augustin Nathanael Grischow was Director of the old Berlin Observatory. In 1749 he became a Member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences. In 1750 he became Professor of Optics at the Berlin Academy of Arts. In 1751 he gave up this post in order to become Professor of Astronomy and Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg. There he concerned himself mainly with the theory of the parallax of celestial objects, primarily the Moon.

Prussian Academy of Sciences
The Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences  (German: Königlich-Preußische Akademie der Wissenschaften) was an academy established in Berlin, Germany on 11 July 1700, four years after the Prussian Academy of Arts, or "Arts Academy," to which "Berlin Academy" may also refer.  In the 18th century, when French was the language of science and culture, it was a French-language institution.
Luo Xiang
Luo Xiang (Chinese: 罗翔; born 1977) is a Chinese jurist. He serves as professor of law and director of the Institute of Criminal Law at the China University of Political Science and Law. He is also a lawyer with his field of study centered on criminal justice and sex crimes. He is best known for his tutorials with humorous analogies and thorough interpretations on the National Legal Examination going viral on social medias including Bilibili, where he receives pervasive critical acclaim among the younger generation.

In December 2020, Luo Xiang was nominated as "person of the year in rule of law" by China Central Television, for his endeavors in conveying spirits of the law to the general public in China.

Luo Xiang is experienced in the National Judicial Examination. He participated several times in setting examination questions for the Central College for Judicial Officers of the Ministry of Justice of the People's Republic of China.

China Central Television
China Central Television (CCTV) is the national television broadcaster of the People's Republic of China. Established in 1958 as Peking Television, it was renamed as CCTV in 1978 and became a key player in the Chinese government's propaganda network. It is operated by China Media Group, supervised by National Radio and Television Administration, and led by the Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party. Freedom House and The Guardian commented that CCTV's reporting about topics sensitive to the Chinese government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is distorted and often used as a weapon against the party's perceived enemies.
Cary Christopher
Cary Christopher is an American child actor who is known for his role as Alex Lilly in Weapons and his Emmy nominated role as Thomas DiMera in Days of Our Lives. Christopher has made appearances in shows such as 9-1-1, NCIS, American Horror Story, and Fuller House.

Lists of American actors
The following are lists of American actors:

List of American current child actors

List of American film actresses

List of American former child actors

List of American television actresses

List of African-American actors

List of American actors of Irish descent

List of Barbadian American actors

List of Italian-American actors

List of Mexican-American actors

List of Native American actors

List of Romanian American actors

List of Slovene American actors
Naagam (1985 film)
Naagam (transl. Cobra) is a 1985 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film, directed by Chozha Rajan and written by Rama Narayanan. The film stars Ambika, Chandrasekhar and Radha Ravi. It was released on 23 February 1985.

Ambika (actress)
Ambika is an Indian actress known for her work predominantly across the entire southern film industry and in several tele serials. She has also acted in an English film (Indian-American), to date. She was one of the top South Indian heroines for more than a decade from 1976 to 1989. Her younger sister Radha was also an actress. They acted together in a number of South Indian films during the peak of their career. The sisters runs a movie studio called 'ARS Studios', which they converted into a hotel complex in 2013.
2020 Forte Village Sardegna Open – Singles
This was the first edition of the tournament, primarily organised due to the cancellation of many tournaments in 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Laslo Đere won the title, defeating Marco Cecchinato in the final, 7–6(7–3), 7–5.

Sumit Nagal
Sumit Nagal (born 16 August 1997) is an Indian professional tennis player. He has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 68 achieved on 15 July 2024. Nagal is currently the No. 1 ranked Indian player. Since 2018, he has been a member of India's national Davis Cup squad.

He won the 2015 Wimbledon boys' doubles title with Vietnamese Lý Hoàng Nam, becoming the sixth Indian player to win a junior Grand Slam title.
Dovre (village)
Dovre is the administrative centre of Dovre Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located along the Gudbrandsdalslågen river in the upper Gudbrandsdalen valley about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) southeast of the village of Dombås and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of the town of Otta. Both the European route E6 highway and Dovrebanen railway line both pass through the village. Dovre Church is located in the village.

The 1.12-square-kilometre (280-acre) village had a population (2012) of 416 and a population density of 371 inhabitants per square kilometre (960/sq mi). Since 2012, the population and area data for this village area has not been separately tracked by Statistics Norway.

Statistics Norway
Statistics Norway (Norwegian: Statistisk sentralbyrå, abbreviated to SSB) is the Norwegian statistics bureau. It was established in 1876.

With a staff of approximately 1,000, it publishes around 1,000 new statistical releases annually on its website in both Norwegian and English. Additionally, it offers a number of edited publications, all of which are available for free online.

As the central Norwegian office for official government statistics, Statistics Norway provides the public and government with extensive research and analysis activities. It is administratively placed under the Ministry of Finance but operates independently from all government agencies. Statistics Norway has a board appointed by the government. It relies extensively on data from registers, but are also collecting data from surveys and questionnaires, including from cities and municipalities.
Punk Rock Shelter
The Punk Rock Shelter (9PM211) was an archaeological site found in Putnam County, Georgia. The site flooded in 1979, putting it 65 feet (20 m) under Lake Oconee. Despite its name, it was not a rock shelter, but instead a jumble of granite boulders or tors.  These tors happened to create a shelter-like area.  Due to poor land management in the 19th and 20th century associated with cotton farming, the shelter floor area is now underneath at least a meter deep of red clay and silt mud.  The Native Americans at the site were most likely Hitchiti in ancestry.

Lake Oconee
Lake Oconee is a reservoir in central Georgia, United States, on the Oconee River near Greensboro and Eatonton. It was created in 1979 when Georgia Power completed the construction of the Wallace Dam on the Oconee River.

Lake Oconee runs through Georgia's Morgan, Greene, and Putnam counties and is separated from its sister lake, Sinclair, by Wallace Dam.

Oconee is the name of an ancient Creek town.
Robert's Western World
Robert's Western World is a honky-tonk located on lower Broadway in Nashville, Tennessee.

Robert's Western World continues to host local and up-and-coming country music talent. The band BR549 which gained local and national press from its four-hour nightly gig at Robert's Western World went on to open for country singers George Strait, Faith Hill and Tim McGraw. Despite this, the band never greatly appealed to a mainstream country audience. However, BR549 released an album in 1996 titled Live From Robert's which was a compilation of original work as well as cover songs recorded in Robert's Western World.

On October 15, 2010, Robert's Western World hosted the "Bluegrass on Broadway" presented by C. F. Martin & Company, which started off the annual International Bluegrass Music Association in Nashville.  This event showcases bluegrass music and its artists to the public.

Broadway (Nashville, Tennessee)
Broadway is a major thoroughfare in the downtown area in Nashville, Tennessee. It includes Lower Broadway, a tourist and entertainment district renowned for honky tonks and live country music. The Broadway Historic District or Honky Tonk Highway was listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Davidson County, Tennessee (NRHP) on July 18, 1980.

The street is also home to retail shops, restaurants, dessert spots, tourist attractions, and hotels.
Hispar Muztagh
Hispar Muztagh is a sub-range of the Karakoram mountain range. It is located in the Nagar District of Gilgit-Baltistan, administered by Pakistan. It lies north of Hispar Glacier, south of Shimshal Valley, and east of the Hunza Valley. It is the second highest sub-range of the Karakoram, the highest being the Baltoro Muztagh. The highest mountain in the range is Distaghil Sar (7,885m/25,869 ft).

Nagar District
Nagar District (Urdu: ضلع نگر) is a district in the Pakistani-administered Gilgit-Baltistan, in the larger disputed Kashmir region.  It is one of the 14 districts of Gilgit-Baltistan. Nagar District was established in 2015 by the division of the Hunza–Nagar District into two districts: the Hunza District and the Nagar District. The Nagar District is bounded on the north and north-east by the Hunza District, on the south-east by the Shigar District, on the south by the Gilgit District, and on the west by the Gupis-Yasin District. The district headquarters in the town of Nagarkhas. Overall less than 10% of the district is covered by alpine and winter pastures while 87% of land is either barren or permanently snow covered.
The Desperate Hours (Porridge)
"The Desperate Hours" is the second Christmas special of the BBC sitcom Porridge. It first aired on 24 December 1976. In this episode, Fletcher and Godber are in trouble for brewing liquor in the lead-up to Christmas, but are caught up in a hostage situation in the Governor's office. It was the only episode of Porridge to air in 1976.

Christmas in popular culture
Christmas themes have long been an inspiration to artists and writers. A prominent aspect of Christian media, the topic first appeared in literature and in music. Filmmakers have picked up on this wealth of material, with both adaptations of Christmas novels, in the forms of Christmas films, Santa Claus films, and Christmas television specials.

It also includes animation, comics, and children's books, including A Charlie Brown Christmas, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, and Frosty the Snowman.
Saponification
Saponification is a process of cleaving esters into carboxylate salts and alcohols by the action of aqueous alkali. Typically aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions are used. It is an important type of alkaline hydrolysis. When the carboxylate is a long chain, its salt is called a soap. The saponification of ethyl acetate gives sodium acetate and ethanol:

C2H5O2CCH3  +  NaOH   →    C2H5OH  +  NaO2CCH3

Ethyl acetate
Ethyl acetate (commonly abbreviated EtOAc, ETAC or EA) is the organic compound with the formula CH3CO2CH2CH3, simplified to C4H8O2. This flammable, colorless liquid has a characteristic sweet smell (similar to pear drops) and is used in glues, nail polish removers, and the decaffeination process of tea and coffee. Ethyl acetate is the ester of ethanol and acetic acid; it is manufactured on a large scale for use as a solvent.
Honda VF750F
The Honda VF750F V45 Interceptor aka RC15 (Honda's internal racing code) is a technologically advanced sports motorcycle produced by Honda from 1983 to 1985. Using a revised engine from the Sabre/Magna with chain drive and a five-speed gearbox the half-faired motorcycle was introduced with an 86-horsepower liquid-cooled double overhead cam (DOHC) V4 four-stroke engine in a steel perimeter frame.

The bike won the Castrol Six Hour race in 1983.
The RC15 also won the AMA Superbike Championship for two years straight, 1984 and 1985 with Fred Merkel, who won also the following year 1986 aboard the RC24, Honda VFR750F, Interceptor's direct successor.

V4 engine
A V4 engine is a four-cylinder piston engine where the cylinders share a common crankshaft and are arranged in a V configuration.

The V4 engine is less common compared to straight-four engines. However, V4 engines have been used in automobiles, motorcycles, and other applications.