hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2011 Armenian Premier League
The 2011 Armenian Premier League  football season was the twentieth since its establishment. The season began in March 2011 and  ended in November 2011. FC Pyunik were the defending champions, having won their thirteenth championship last season, their tenth in a row.

Shirak SC
Football Club Shirak (Armenian: Շիրակ Ֆուտբոլային Ակումբ), commonly known as Shirak, is an Armenian professional sports club based in Gyumri. Shirak is known for its professional football team which is one of the oldest football clubs in Armenia, having been created in 1958. The club is the only team that participated in all seasons of the Armenian Premier League since its creation in 1992 until 2021. Shirak is one of the more successful clubs in Armenia, having won a total of 11 domestic titles including four Armenian Premier League titles, two Armenian Cup, and five Armenian Super Cup.

Shirak has yet to qualify for an international tournament playoff round, yet frequently plays UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League qualifying matches.

Shirak's home stadium is the 4,500 seater Gyumri City Stadium, the oldest venue in Armenia. Shirak's youth academy has also produced successful players, including Artur Petrosyan and Harutyun Vardanyan.
Constant purchasing power accounting
Constant purchasing power accounting (CPPA) is an accounting model that is an alternative to model historical cost accounting under high inflation and hyper-inflationary environments. It has been approved for use by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the US Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). Under this IFRS and US GAAP authorized system, financial capital maintenance is always measured in units of constant purchasing power (CPP) in terms of a Daily CPI (consumer price index) during low inflation, high inflation, hyperinflation and deflation; i.e., during all possible economic environments. During all economic environments it can also be measured in a monetized daily indexed unit of account (e.g. the Unidad de Fomento in Chile) or in terms of a daily relatively stable foreign currency parallel rate, particularly during hyperinflation when a government refuses to publish CPI data.

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (United States)
The Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) are the set of default accounting standards used by companies based in the United States.

Published and maintained by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), the Accounting Standards Codification outlines the specific and authoritative rules governing GAAP for non-governmental organisations. GAAP sources of law for government agencies and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) registrants are found in federal securities law and SEC directions.

Since 2008, the FASB has published U.S. GAAP in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL).
Yttrium lithium fluoride
Yttrium lithium fluoride (LiYF4, sometimes abbreviated YLF) is a yellowish transparent birefringent crystal, typically doped with neodymium or praseodymium and used as a 
gain medium in solid-state lasers. Yttrium is the substitutional element in LiYF4. The hardness of YLF is significantly lower than other commons crystalline laser media, i.e. yttrium aluminium garnet.

Solid-state laser
A solid-state laser is a laser that uses a gain medium that is a solid, usually a crystal or glass. Semiconductor-based lasers such as laser diodes are generally excluded; treated as a separate class of laser on their own.
Weston under Penyard
Weston under Penyard is a small village in Herefordshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2021 Census was 1,000.

It lies on the A40 road two miles east of Ross-on-Wye. The Penyard is a prominent hill.

Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway
The Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway was a railway which ran for 22+1⁄2 miles (36.2 km) linking Hereford and Gloucester, England, via Ross-on-Wye. It was opened on 1 June 1855 as a 7 ft 1⁄4 in (2,140 mm) broad gauge line, it was amalgamated with the Great Western Railway in 1862. In 1869 the railway was converted to 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge. The railway was closed to passengers on 2 November 1964, freight services between Ross-on-Wye railway station and Grange Court railway station continued on until 1 November 1965.
Middle Arctic tundra
The Canadian Middle Arctic Tundra ecoregion covers a broad stretch of northern Canada - the southern islands of the Arctic Archipelago, plus the northern mainland of Nunavut and, across Hudson Bay to the east, a portion of northern Quebec.  This is the coldest and driest ecoregion in Canada, and can be referred to as a 'polar desert'.  It is an important region for breeding and migratory birds, and supports 80% of the world's muskox.

Arctic Archipelago
The Arctic Archipelago, also known as the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, is an archipelago lying to the north of the Canadian continental mainland, excluding Greenland (an autonomous territory of the Danish Realm, which is, by itself, much larger than the combined area of the archipelago), and Iceland (an independent country).

Situated in the northern extremity of North America and covering about 1,424,500 km2 (550,000 sq mi), this group of 36,563 islands, surrounded by the Arctic Ocean, comprises much of Northern Canada, predominately Nunavut and the Northwest Territories. The archipelago is showing some effects of climate change, with some computer estimates determining that melting there will contribute 3.5 cm (1.4 in) to the rise in sea levels by 2100.
Hospital Nacional Simão Mendes
Hospital Nacional Simão Mendes is a hospital in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. It is situated next to the cemetery. It is named after António Simões Mendes (1930–1966), a nurse born in Canchungo who treated PAICG fighters during the War of Independence, was jailed by PIDE in 1961 and killed in a Portuguese Air Force raid in February 1966. As of 1998, the hospital contained the only paediatric ward in the country. In 2009–2011, it underwent significant redevelopment. In 2011, it contained 417 beds and offered 21 specialisations, of which the maternity ward, pediatrics, ophtalmology, radiology and the laboratory were the most sought after. At the time it had 41 doctors and 82 nurses. On 20 October 2016, a factory for medicinal oxygen was inaugurated on the hospital site. At the end of 2018, the hospital had more than 500 beds, and one doctor was specialised in cardiology. The Paediatric Ward had 158 beds and counted with 9 doctors and 40 nurses.

Canchungo
Canchungo is a town located in the western Cacheu Region of Guinea-Bissau formerly known as Vila Teixeira Pinto after Major João Teixeira Pinto, the Portuguese colonial officer who had brutally 'pacified' the area in the early 20th century. After independence the name was changed back to what it had always been. Formerly a center of trade, the town infrastructure has deteriorated significantly amid large-scale emigration, with the exception of a new hospital.
Cần Giờ district
Cần Giờ is a coastal suburban district of Ho Chi Minh City, in the Southeast region of Vietnam.

The district is located 50 km from downtown Ho Chi Minh City. As of 2019, the district had an area of 704.45 km2 (271.99 sq mi) and population of 71,526. Cần Giờ is home to Cần Giờ Mangrove Forest, a biosphere reserve listed by UNESCO.

Southeast (Vietnam)
Đông Nam Bộ (literally "Southeast region") is a region in Southern Vietnam. This region includes one municipality, Ho Chi Minh City; and five provinces: Đồng Nai, Bình Dương, Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province, Bình Phước and Tây Ninh. The two south central provinces Ninh Thuận and Bình Thuận are sometimes seen as part of the Southeast region. This region is the most economically developed region in Vietnam. In 2006, this region contributed 148,000 billion VND (equal to $9.25 billion) out of 251,000 billion VND to the state budget.  This region is also the most highly urbanized in the country with more than 50% people living in urban areas (while the equivalent figure for Vietnam is just 25%).
Civil Democratic Movement (2017)
The Civil Democratic Movement (Arabic: الحركة المدنية الديمقراطية, romanized: al-Ḥarakah al-Madanīyah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah; also called the National Civil Movement) is a liberal political movement formed in Egypt in 2017.

Bread and Freedom Party
The Bread and Freedom Party (Arabic: حزب العيش والحرية;  Hizb AlEish WaAlHorria), also translated as the Bread and Liberty Party, is a democratic socialist party in Egypt created in November 2013 by former members of the Socialist Popular Alliance Party.
Midfielder (lacrosse)
In men's field lacrosse, midfielders (also known as middies or the middy) clear the ball during the game. Midfielders do most of the running out of all the players, as they are allowed to cross the middle line (unlike other players)  and play as attack and defence.

Lacrosse stick
A lacrosse stick or crosse is used to play the sport of lacrosse. Players use the lacrosse stick to handle the ball and to strike or "check" opposing players' sticks, causing them to drop the ball. The head of a lacrosse stick is roughly triangular in shape and is strung with loose netting that allows the ball to be caught, carried (known as "cradling"), passed, or shot.
Kearney County Courthouse
The Kearney County Courthouse is a historic building in Minden, Nebraska, and the courthouse of Kearney County, Nebraska. It was the third building to house the county courthouse when it was completed in 1906–1907. Prior buildings had been completed in 1878 and 1879. The third courthouse was designed in the Classical Revival style by architect George A. Berlinghof. Writing for the National Register of Historic Places form, Barbara Beving Long highlights the "symmetrical arrangement, monumental proportions (especially the large smooth squared pilasters), pedimented pavilions, smooth surface, and unadorned parapet, [...] the attractive roundarched entries with keystones, squared pilasters (at corners and pavilions), ground floor arcades, and the mighty central dome resting on its octagonal drum." She adds, "Rectangular windows have transoms and lack special lintel or sill treatment." The building has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since January 10, 1990.

Minden, Nebraska
Minden is a city in Kearney County, Nebraska, United States.  The city serves as the county seat of Kearney County.  The population was 3,118 at the 2020 census. It is home to the Pioneer Village museum complex of 28 buildings.
Digital India Land Record Modernization Programme
The Digital India Land Record Modernization Programme (DILRMP), previously known as the National Land Record Modernization Programme (NLRMP), was launched in 2008 by the Government of India with the purpose to digitize and modernize land records and develop a centralised land record management system. The official land records of mapped and unmapped will enable the government to give access to basic facilities and rights to the land owners. The DILRMP is the amalgamation of two projects: Computerisation of Land Records (CLR) and Strengthening of Revenue Administration and Updating of Land Records (SRA & ULR).

The implementation of the DILRMP programme across states have experienced significant shortcoming, according to the reports submitted by the Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR), National Institute of Public Finance and Policy (NIPFP), and National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER).

National Council of Applied Economic Research
National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) is India’s oldest and largest independent, non-profit, economic policy research think tank. Established in New Delhi in 1956, it acquired considerable national and international standing within only a few decades of its founding. It is one of a handful of think tanks globally that combine rigorous analysis and policy outreach with deep data collection capabilities, especially for household surveys.
Hippe (surname)
Hippe is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ivar Hippe, currently a political consultant and former editor-in-chief of Økonomisk Rapport.

Michelle Hippe, voice actress known for dubbing Larry Koopa since Mario Kart 8.

Jon Mathias Hippe, younger brother of Ivar Hippe and current leader of Fafo.

Johannes Hippe, he is the son of Jon Hippe and best known for his handball activities.

Johannes Hippe
Johannes Hippe (born 24 July 1990) is a former Norwegian handball player. He played left and centre back.

After two and a half season on Norway's top level and weeks of rumoring, Johannes officially signed for the French club HBC Nantes on 7 December 2011. In October 2012, Hippe signed with Swedish club Lugi HF, where he scored 12 goals in his debut. After two years in Sweden he left Lugi for studies in Oslo. After playing one year for BSK/NIF he began playing for Drammen HK 2015. He stayed in Drammen until 2019. 2019 he won the Norse championship, Hes last year he played for his motherclub Nordstrans IF i Oslo.

He is the son of Jon Hippe, and related to Ivar Hippe.
Music from Chasing Happiness
Music from Chasing Happiness is the first greatest hits album and third soundtrack album by American pop rock band Jonas Brothers. It was released on May 9, 2019, through Republic Records. It contains sixteen of their hit singles recorded throughout their career, as well as hits from Nick Jonas's solo venture, his side band Nick Jonas & the Administration, Joe Jonas's solo venture as well as his other band, DNCE.

The album was released to accompany the Amazon Prime Video documentary of the same name, which follows the band during their 2019 reunion and chronicles their lives through the band's break up and the creative process of developing their then-upcoming album, Happiness Begins.

On July 12, 2019, a physical version was released exclusively through Amazon. This version contains an original song, Jersey, and a live rendition of their number one hit Sucker.

Nick Jonas & the Administration
Nick Jonas & the Administration was a band formed in late 2009 as a side project by Nick Jonas of the Jonas Brothers. Performers included singer, pianist, guitarist, drummer, and songwriter Nick Jonas, bassist John Fields, drummer Michael Bland, keyboardist Tommy Barbarella, and guitarist David Ryan Harris. Sonny Thompson replaced Harris during the 2010 Who I Am Tour.
Hof University
Hof University, German: Hochschule Hof, full name Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Hof, is a public non-profit business, media and technical vocational university founded in 1994 in Upper Franconia, Bavaria, Germany.

Upper Franconia
Upper Franconia (German: Oberfranken, pronounced [ˈoːbɐˌfʁaŋkn̩] ⓘ) is an administrative region (Regierungsbezirk) of the state of Bavaria, southern Germany. It forms part of the historically significant region of Franconia, the others being Middle Franconia and Lower Franconia, which are all part of Bavaria.

With more than 200 independent breweries which brew approximately 1000 different types of beer, Upper Franconia has the world's highest brewery-density per capita. A special Franconian beer route (Fränkische Brauereistraße) runs through many popular breweries.
IBM Monochrome Display Adapter
The Monochrome Display Adapter  (MDA, also MDA card, Monochrome Display and Printer Adapter, MDPA) is IBM's standard video display card and computer display standard for the IBM PC introduced in 1981. The MDA does not have any pixel-addressable graphics modes, only a single monochrome text mode which can display 80 columns by 25 lines of high-resolution text characters or symbols useful for drawing forms.

Dot matrix
A dot matrix is a 2-dimensional patterned array, used to represent characters, symbols and images. Most types of modern technology use dot matrices for display of information, including mobile phones, televisions, and printers. The system is also used in textiles with sewing, knitting and weaving.

An alternate form of information display using lines and curves is known as a vector display, was used with early computing devices such as air traffic control radar displays and pen-based plotters but is no longer used. Electronic vector displays were typically monochrome only, and either leave the interiors of closed vector shapes unfilled, or perform slow, time-consuming and often non-uniform shape-filling, as on pen-based plotters.

In printers, the dots are usually the darkened areas of the paper. In displays, the dots may light up, as in an LED, CRT, or plasma display, or darken, as in an LCD.
Olipa
Olipa is an uninhabited islet in Croatia, part of the Elaphiti Islands archipelago off the coast of southern Dalmatia. It is the westernmost isle in the Elaphites. Olipa is mostly rocky and partially covered in forest. A stone square tower is located on the south side of the isle, which serves as a lighthouse. The lighthouse is used for maritime routes passing through the passages of Veliki Vratnik (between Olipa and Tajan) and Mali Vratnik (between Olipa and Pelješac).

Olipa's area is 0.903 square kilometres (0.349 sq mi) and its coastline is 4.99 kilometres (3.10 mi) long. The highest point on Ruda is 206 metres (676 ft) high.

Pelješac
42°55′N 17°28′E﻿ / ﻿42.91°N 17.46°E﻿ / 42.91; 17.46

Pelješac (pronounced [pɛ̌ʎɛʃats]; Chakavian: Pelišac; Italian: Sabbioncello) is a peninsula in southern Dalmatia in Croatia. The peninsula is part of the Dubrovnik-Neretva County and is the second largest peninsula in Croatia. From the isthmus that begins at Ston, to the top of Cape Lovišta, it is 65 km or 40 mi long.
Dile (Ivy Queen song)
"Dile" (English: Tell Her) is a song  by Puerto Rican reggaetón recording artist Ivy Queen, from her fourth studio album, Real (2004). It was composed by Queen along with Eliel Osorio and Alvaro Arroyo, produced by DJ Nelson and Noriega and released as the lead single from the album on via Airplay in November 2004. It ended 2005 within the top 40 Tropical Songs in Billboard magazine. The musical style as well as the lyrical content is very similar to the song released by Don Omar by the same name, the same year.

There is a music video associated with the song released along with two other music videos by Queen: "Dale Volumen" and "Matando" both from the album Real. The song was able to peak at number eight on the Billboard Latin Tropical Airplay chart, earning Ivy Queen a 2004 Latin Billboard Music Award nomination for "Tropical/Salsa Airplay Track, Female". The song, along with the album, was re-released in 2007 under Machete Music.

Airplay
Airplay is how frequently a song is being played through broadcasting on radio stations. A song which is being played several times every day (spins) would have a significant amount of airplay. Music which became very popular on jukeboxes, in nightclubs and at discotheques between the 1940s and 1960s would also have airplay.
Vechur cattle
Vechur is a breed of zebu (Bos indicus) cattle, named after the village of Vechoor in Kerala, India. With an average length of 124 cm and height of 87 cm, it is the smallest cattle breed in the world according to the Guinness Book of Records, and is valued for the larger amount of milk it produces relative to the amount of food it requires.

Zebu
The zebu (/ˈziːb(j)uː, ˈzeɪbuː/; Bos indicus), also known as indicine cattle and humped cattle, is a species or subspecies of domestic cattle originating in South Asia. Zebu, like many Sanga cattle breeds, differ from taurine cattle in the fatty hump on their shoulders, their large dewlap, and their sometimes-drooping ears. They are well adapted to high temperatures and are raised throughout the tropics.

The zebu is used as a draught and riding animal, as dairy cattle and beef cattle, and as a source of byproducts such as hides and dung for fuel and manure. Some small breeds such as Nadudana (also known as the miniature zebu) are also kept as pets.

In some regions, zebu have significant religious meaning.
Valentina D'Orso
Valentina D'Orso (born 29 July 1980) is an Italian politician serving as a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2018. She has served as secretary of the inquiry committee on the death of David Rossi since 2024.

Death of David Rossi
The death of David Rossi occurred on 6 March 2013 in Siena, Italy. Rossi, head of communications of Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena, was found dead on the street outside his office in Rocca Salimbeni. Since the event, the circumstances around his death have been subject to considerable dispute. In 2024, a parliamentary commission is reinvestigating the death.
João Alfredo
João Alfredo is a city located in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Located  at 120.6 km away from Recife, capital of the state of Pernambuco. Has an estimated (IBGE 2020) population of 33,328 inhabitants.

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics
The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Portuguese: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística; IBGE) is the agency responsible for official collection of statistical, geographic, cartographic, geodetic and environmental information in Brazil. The IBGE performs a decennial national census; questionnaires account for information such as age, household income, literacy, education, occupation and hygiene levels.

The IBGE is a public institute created in 1936 under the name National Institute of Statistics. Its founder and chief proponent was statistician Mário Augusto Teixeira de Freitas. The current name dates from 1938. Its headquarters are located in Rio de Janeiro, and its current president is Marcio Pochmann, replacing Eduardo Rios Neto. It was made a federal agency by the Federal Decree-Law No. 161 of February 13, 1967, and is linked to the Ministry of the Economy, inside the Secretariat of Planning, Budget and Management.
Wenvoe Castle Golf Club
Wenvoe Castle Golf Club is an 18-hole golf course near Barry and Wenvoe in the Vale of Glamorgan off the A4050 road, situated to the south of Cardiff, the capital of Wales. The club was founded in 1936 around Wenvoe Castle, a mansion that was the home of Hugh Jenner, the club's first president.

Wenvoe Castle is a parkland course designed by James Braid.  The course opens with a par five hole with a tee-off from an elevated tee to an undulating fairway, leaving two shots to make the guarded green.  The front nine can be quite hilly and there are a few tough examinations in place while the inward nine is flatter and finishes with a dogleg par four. It has hosted numerous championships, including the Welsh foursomes championship in 2007. The club often hosts parties and buffets.

Tee
A tee is a stand used in sport to support and elevate a stationary ball prior to striking with a foot, club, or bat. Tees are used extensively in golf, tee-ball,  American football, and rugby.  In addition, they are used as training devices for baseball and softball but are not used during gameplay.