hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1974 NCAA Division I tennis championships
The 1974 NCAA Division I Tennis Championships were the 29th annual tournaments to determine the national champions of NCAA Division I men's singles, doubles, and team collegiate tennis in the United States. This was the first year after the NCAA changed the name of the University Division to its present-day moniker, Division I.

Defending champions Stanford once again captured the team championship, the Indians' second such title. Stanford finished five points ahead of USC in the final team standings (30–25).

Stanford Cardinal
The Stanford Cardinal are the athletic teams that represent Stanford University. Stanford's program has won 137 NCAA team championships, the most of any university. Stanford has won at least one NCAA team championship each academic year for 49 consecutive years, starting in 1976–77 and continuing through 2024–25. Through July 2025, Stanford athletes have won 565 individual NCAA titles.

Stanford has won 26 of the 31 NACDA Directors' Cups, awarded annually to the most successful overall college sports program in the nation, including 25 consecutive Cups from 1994–95 through 2018–19. 177 Stanford-affiliated athletes have won a total of 335 Summer Olympic medals (162 gold, 93 silver, 80 bronze), including 39 medals at the 2024 Paris games.

Stanford's teams compete at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) for college football) level as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC).
Edwin Woodhams
Edwin Fehrsen Woodhams (22 February 1880 – 8 February 1933) was an English cricketer.  Woodham's batting and bowling styles are unknown.  He was born at Seaford, Sussex.

Woodhams made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Somerset at County Ground, Hove in the 1905 County Championship. He was dismissed for a duck in Sussex's first-innings by Len Braund, while in their second-innings he ended unbeaten on 14 to guide Sussex to a 2 wicket win. This was his only major appearance for Sussex.

He died at Withdean, Sussex on 8 February 1933.

1905 County Championship
The 1905 County Championship was the 16th officially organised running of the County Championship, and ran from 4 May to 4 September 1905. Yorkshire won their seventh championship title, while the previous season's winners, Lancashire, finished in fourth place. The number of participants was expanded from fifteen to sixteen, with Northamptonshire gaining first-class status, having previously played with some success in the Minor Counties Championship.
Twice Blessed
Twice Blessed, also known as Twice Blessed: A Novel, is a 1992 novel written by Filipino author Ninotchka Rosca. It won the 1993 American Book Award for “excellence in literature”. It is one of Rosca’s novels that recreated the diversity of Filipino culture (the other was State of War). Apart from tracing back Philippine History, Rosca also portrayed contemporary Philippine politics, delicate events, and cultural preferences through the novel.

Philippine literature in English
Philippine literature in English has its roots in the efforts of the United States, then engaged in a war with Filipino nationalist forces at the end of the 19th century. By 1901, public education was institutionalized in the Philippines, with English serving as the medium of instruction. That year, around 600 educators in the S.S. Thomas (the "Thomasites") were tasked to replace the soldiers who had been serving as the first teachers. Outside the academe, the wide availability of reading materials, such as books and newspapers in English, helped Filipinos assimilate the language quickly. Today, 78.53% of the population can understand or speak English (see List of countries by English-speaking population).
Mee Seva (Telangana)
Mee Seva is a Government-to-citizen (G2C) and citizen-to-Government (C2G) services provided by the Government of Telangana . The service provides  over 150 government services, payments to be made online, at service centers, or through the app. The Electronic services delivery (ESD) provide 40 government departments and 600 private related services. The service completed 10 crore transactions in February 2018. After the state formation, 7.5 crore transactions and 10-12 crores a day were recorded in 3 years 4 months. Telangana stood top in India in digital transactions volume. The software is developed and supported by Telangana Technology Service (TGTS).

E-governance
Electronic governance or e-governance is the use of information technology to provide government services, information exchange, communication transactions, and integration of different stand-alone systems between government to citizen (G2C), government to business (G2B), government to government (G2G), government to employees (G2E), and back-office processes and interactions within the entire governance framework. Through IT, citizens can access government services through e-governance. The government, citizens, and businesses/interest groups are the three primary target groups that can be identified in governance concepts.
Demand deposit
Demand deposits or checkbook money are funds held in demand accounts in commercial banks. These account balances are usually considered money and form the greater part of the narrowly defined money supply of a country. Simply put, these are deposits in the bank that can be withdrawn on demand, without any prior notice.

Negotiable order of withdrawal account
In the United States, a negotiable order of withdrawal account (NOW account) is an interest-paying deposit account on which an unlimited number of checks may be written.

A negotiable order of withdrawal is essentially identical to a check drawn on a demand deposit account, but US banking regulations define the terms "demand deposit account" and "negotiable order of withdrawal account" separately. Until July 2011, Regulation Q stated that a demand deposit could not pay interest. NOW accounts were structured to comply with Regulation Q.

NOW accounts are considered checkable deposits, and are counted in the Federal Reserve Board's M1 definition of the money supply, as well as in the broader definitions. Like all other bank deposits, they are liabilities from the bank's perspective.
Rajbari, Abhayapuri
Rajbari is the royal palace, and capital of the king of Bijni in what is today Assam State, India. The Rajbari palace was the third capital of the Bijni kingdom of Koch Hajo.

The first capital of Bijni Kingdom was at modem Bijni town (1671 to 1864). The capital shifted to Dumuria (now known as Dalan Bhanga) due to an attack by Jhawlia Mech – a local chief under the Bhutan Kingdom. The earthquake of 12 June 1897 severely damaged the royal palaces in Dumuria, necessitating the shifting of the capital temporarily to Jogighopa.

The capital was finally moved to the Deohati forest area, now known as Abhayapuri in 1901.  In 1956, the kingdom  officially joined the Union of India.

Koch Hajo
Koch Hajo (1581–1613) was the kingdom under Raghudev and his son Parikshit Narayan of the Koch dynasty that stretched from Sankosh River in the west to the Bhareli River in the east on the north bank of the Brahmaputra River.  It was created by dividing the Kamata kingdom then under Nara Narayan in medieval Assam.  The Sankosh River divided the two new kingdoms, and it is roughly the boundary between the present-day Indian states of Assam and West Bengal.  The western half of the Kamata kingdom emerged as Koch Bihar whereas the eastern half emerged as Koch Hajo.  The name Hajo comes from the legendary king Hajo, a Koch tribal chief and an ancestor of the Koch dynasty, who ruled over the Rangpur division in present-day Bangladesh and some regions of present-day Assam.
Quebec Route 301
Route 301 is an 81.1-kilometre-long (50.4 mi) provincial highway located in the Outaouais region in western Quebec. The route serves as a direct connection between the Pontiac region and the Upper Gatineau region. The 82-kilometer route runs from the end of Ontario Highway 653 near Portage-du-Fort and joins Route 148 for a 9 km (5.6 mi) stretch up to Campbell's Bay where it continues eastward and ends in Kazabazua at the junction of Route 105.

Pontiac Regional County Municipality
Pontiac (French pronunciation: [pɔ̃tjak]) is a regional county municipality in the Outaouais region of Quebec, Canada. Campbell's Bay is the county seat. It should not be confused with the municipality of Pontiac, which is located in the neighbouring Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais Regional County Municipality. For the electoral district see Pontiac (federal electoral district).
Mitch Lees
Mitch Lees (born 12 October 1988) is a former Australian rugby union player. Lees joined English side London Welsh from Eastwood. Lees made his senior grade debut for Eastwood in 2010, having joined the club as a colt. He made his 100th appearance for Eastwood in May 2013. His performances for Eastwood saw him selected for the ACT Brumbies A team in 2013.

Lees signed for Aviva Premiership side Exeter Chiefs on 10 April 2014. He was a replacement as Exeter Chiefs defeated Wasps to be crowned champions of the 2016-17 English Premiership.

On 10 July 2019, Lee left Exeter to sign for Top 14 side Brive in France from the 2019-20 season.

2016–17 Premiership Rugby
The 2016–17 Aviva Premiership was the 30th season of the top flight English domestic rugby union competition and the seventh one to be sponsored by Aviva. The reigning champions entering the season were Saracens, who had claimed their third title after defeating Exeter Chiefs in the 2016 final. Bristol Bears had been promoted as champions from the 2015–16 RFU Championship after a seven-year absence.

The competition was broadcast by BT Sport for the fourth successive season. Highlights of each weekend's games were shown for the final time on ITV with extended highlights on BT Sport.
Attila Ughy
Attila Ughy (born 3 September 1969) is a Hungarian politician, member of the National Assembly (MP) for Pestszentlőrinc (Budapest Constituency XXVII) between 2010 and 2014. He was also MP from the Budapest Regional List of Fidesz between 1998 and 2002. He was elected mayor of Pestszentlőrinc (District XVIII, Budapest) during the local elections held in 2010. He was re-elected in 2014, but was defeated by Sándor Szaniszló (MSZP) in 2019.

2010 Hungarian local elections
Local elections took place on 3 October 2010 to elect mayors and the composition of municipal bodies of Hungary's 3,176 settlements. Voters also elected the total of 424 members of the county assemblies and the General Assembly of Hungary, in addition to 16,914 local government representatives.
Honor Guard Company (Kazakhstan)
The Honor Guard Company of the Ministry of Defense of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы Қорғаныс министрлігінің Құрметті күзетші, Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy Qorǵanys mınıstrliginiń Qurmetti küzetşi; Russian: Роты почетного караула Министерства обороны Республики Казахстан) is a guard of honour unit of Kazakhstan that serves as part of the country's Ministry of Defense. It is officially part of the 36th Air Assault Brigade of the Kazakh Air Assault Forces and is composed of soldiers from the Ground Forces, Air Defense Forces, Navy. It is currently led by Captain Maksat Bayzhigitov.

It was founded in 2002, by order of then defense minister Mukhtar Altynbayev. Since its formation, the company has taken part in all ceremonies and events in Kazakhstan and also abroad. Among the events the company has taken part in is the Inauguration of the President of Kazakhstan, Victory Day, Independence Day and Defender of the Fatherland Day parades.

Independence Day (Kazakhstan)
Independence Day of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстанның Тәуелсіздік күні, Qazaqstannyñ Täwelsızdık künı, [qɑzɑqstʰɑˈnːɯŋ tʰæwʲelsɘzˈdɘk kʰʏˈnɘ]), is the main national holiday of Kazakhstan, celebrated annually on 16 December.
Asynchronous communication
In telecommunications, asynchronous communication is transmission of data, generally without the use of an external clock signal, where data can be transmitted intermittently rather than in a steady stream. Any timing required to recover data from the communication symbols is encoded within the symbols.

The most significant aspect of asynchronous communications is that data is not transmitted at regular intervals, thus making possible variable bit rate, and that the transmitter and receiver clock generators do not have to be exactly synchronized all the time. In asynchronous transmission, data is sent one byte at a time and each byte is preceded by start and stop bits.

Variable bitrate
Variable bitrate (VBR) is a term used in telecommunications and computing that relates to the bitrate used in sound or video encoding.  As opposed to constant bitrate (CBR), VBR files vary the amount of output data per time segment.  VBR allows a higher bitrate (and therefore more storage space) to be allocated to the more complex segments of media files while less space is allocated to less complex segments.  The average of these rates can be calculated to produce an average bitrate for the file.

MP3, WMA and AAC audio files can optionally be encoded in VBR, while Opus and Vorbis are encoded in VBR by default. Variable bit rate encoding is also commonly used on MPEG-2 video, MPEG-4 Part 2 video (Xvid, DivX, etc.), MPEG-4 Part 10/H.264 video, Theora, Dirac and other video compression formats. Additionally, variable rate encoding is inherent in lossless compression schemes such as FLAC and Apple Lossless.
Maitland (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Maitland was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1933 to 1943 and again from 1953 to 1994. Named for the suburb of Maitland, the seat covered various areas in the inner eastern suburbs of Cape Town. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

1953 South African general election
General elections were held in South Africa on 15 April 1953. The elections consolidated the position of the National Party under D. F. Malan, which won an absolute majority of the 156 elected seats in the House of Assembly, also receiving the most votes. Its first-time majority of the white electorate would be retained until the 1989 elections.

The United Party under J. G. N. Strauss, who had become leader after Jan Smuts' death in 1950, lost several seats, and suffered several splits after the election. The Labour Party leader died five days before the election. Cape Coloured voters voted for the last time in a general election until 1994, overwhelmingly for the United Party.
Lupták
Lupták or Ľupták are Slovak surnames. The feminine forms are Luptáková resp. Ľuptáková. Notable people with these surnames include:

Branislav Ľupták (born 1991), Slovak football player

Erik Ľupták (born 1990), Slovak football player

Ján Ľupták (1946–2025), Slovak politician

Jozef Lupták (born 1969), Slovak cellist and artistic director

Juraj Lupták (1942–1987), Slovak rapist and serial killer

Lukáš Lupták (born 1990), Slovak football player

Martina Luptáková (born 1977), Slovak basketball player

Jozef Lupták
Jozef Lupták (born 30 December 1969, Slovakia) is a Slovak cellist and artistic director. He is a performer of classical and contemporary cello repertoire as well as Chassidic and Roma-Gypsy revivalist music in Eastern Europe and is the artistic director of the Konvergencie Festivals in Slovakia.
John Paul Jr. (racing driver)
John Lee Paul Jr. (February 19, 1960 – December 29, 2020) was an American racing driver. He competed in CART and the Indy Racing League competitions, but primarily in IMSA GT Championship, winning the title in 1982.

During his career, Paul was a twice winner of the 24 Hours of Daytona, the first of these was while co-driving with his father, John Paul Sr. A few weeks later, the pair won the 1982 12 Hours of Sebring. Paul also triumphed in another major U.S. race, the 1983 Michigan 500.

Beside racing with his father, Paul also joined his father in criminal activities, in particular a drug smuggling operation.  In May 1986, Paul Jr. received a five-year sentence for racketeering, with the drug charges dropped. Paul Sr. was found guilty, served time for a number of crimes, and disappeared in 2001.

Road Atlanta
Road Atlanta (known for sponsorship reasons as Michelin Raceway Road Atlanta) is a 2.540 mi (4.088 km) road course located just north of Braselton, Georgia, United States. The facility is utilized for a wide variety of events, including professional and amateur sports car and motorcycle races, racing and driving schools, corporate programs and testing for motorsports teams. The track has 12 turns, including the famous "esses" between turns three and five; and Turn 12, a downhill, diving turn. The track is owned by IMSA Holdings, LLC through its subsidiary Road Atlanta, LLC, and is the home to the Petit Le Mans, as well as AMA motorcycle racing, and smaller events throughout the year. Michelin acquired naming rights to the facility in 2018.
Amphidromus ledaoae
Amphidromus ledaoae is a species of medium-sized air-breathing tree snail, an arboreal gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae.

Subspecies

Amphidromus ledaoae ledaoae Thach, 2016

Amphidromus ledaoae anhi Thach, 2018 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum, debated synonym)

Camaenidae
Camaenidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea, the typical snails and their allies. This is one of the most diverse families in the clade Stylommatophora.

These snails occur in a wide variety of habitats in the tropics of Eastern Asia and Australasia.

A large American group, which is mainly represented by species from the Caribbean, has, until recently, also been subsumed under the Camaenidae. However, latest molecular phylogenetic studies showed that these species represent a different family, the Pleurodontidae.

This molecular study also implies that the Bradybaeninae, previously treated as a distinct family within the Helicoidea, is a junior synonym of the Camaenidae.
East Rim darter
The East Rim darter (Etheostoma orientale) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is  endemic to the eastern United States. The species has a range of 400–2000 sq. miles across tributaries of the Cumberland River from Fishing Creek in Kentucky to just below the Obey River in Tennessee. It inhabits current-swept rocky pools and adjacent riffles of creeks and small to medium rivers.

Population is believed to exceed 10,000; this fish is common. Number of recorded occurrences is 6–80, but is uncertain. Population is believed to be stable; change of less than 10% annually. Overall trend of the past 10 years is uncertain, but believed to be stable.

Cumberland River
The Cumberland River is a major waterway of the Southern United States. The 688-mile-long (1,107 km) river drains almost 18,000 square miles (47,000 km2) of southern Kentucky and north-central Tennessee. The river flows generally west from a source in the Appalachian Mountains to its confluence with the Ohio River near Paducah, Kentucky, and the mouth of the Tennessee River. Major tributaries include the Obey, Caney Fork, Stones, and Red Rivers.

Although the Cumberland River basin is predominantly rural, there are also some large cities on the river, including Nashville and Clarksville, both in Tennessee.

The river system has been extensively altered for flood control. Major dams impound areas of both the main stem and many of its important tributaries.
Kaykhusraw III
Kaykhusraw III (Old Anatolian Turkish: كَیخُسرو سوم, Turkish: Gıyâseddin Keyhüsrev) or Ghiyāth ad-Dīn Kaykhusraw bin Qilij Arslān (Persian: غياث الدين كيخسرو بن قلج ارسلان; c. 1259-1263 – 1284) was between two and six years old when in 1265 he was named Seljuq Sultan of Rûm. He was the son of Kilij Arslan IV, the weak representative of the Seljuq line who was controlled by the Pervane, Mu’in al-Din Suleyman.

Konya
Konya is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province. During antiquity and into Seljuk times it was known as Iconium.  In 19th-century accounts of the city in English its name is usually spelt Konia or Koniah. In the late medieval period, Konya was the capital of the Seljuk Turks' Sultanate of Rum, from where the sultans ruled over Anatolia.

As of 2024, the population of the Metropolitan Province was 2,330,024. 1,433,861 live in the three urban districts (Karatay, Selcuklu, Meram), making it the sixth most populous city in Turkey, and second most populous of the Central Anatolia Region, after Ankara. City has Konya is served by TCDD high-speed train (YHT) services from Istanbul, Ankara and Karaman. The local airport (Konya Havalimanı, KYA) is served by frequent flights from Istanbul whereas flights to and from İzmir are offered few times a week.
Jan Gerard Waldorp
Jan Gerard Waldorp (1740–1808) was a Dutch artist and museum curator. He received all paying visitors to the Nationale Kunst-Galerij in the Hague (1800–1805), one of the forerunners of the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam.

Jan Gerard Waldorp was a pupil of Anthony Elliger and Jan Maurits Quinkhard. He was active in Amsterdam during the years 1758–1767 and then moved to Haarlem, where he married Elisabeth van der Horst and was in the board of the Stadstekenacademie. In 1779 he moved back to Amsterdam.

J.G. Waldorp became known for his decors for the  Amsterdamse schouwburg. He is also known for his copies of old master paintings. In 1800 Cornelis Sebille Roos appointed him as assistant for the Nationale Konst-Gallery and he moved to Huis ten Bosch where he received visitors to the gallery until 1802, when the collection was moved to the emptied Gallery Prince William V. His drawings of the situation of the rooms and paintings show what this forerunner of the Rijksmuseum looked like.

Stadsschouwburg
The Stadsschouwburg (Dutch pronunciation: [stɑtˈsxʌubʏr(ə)x]; Dutch: Municipal Theatre) of Amsterdam is a theatre building on the Leidseplein in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The building was built in 1894 in the neo-Renaissance style, and was the home of the National Ballet and Opera.
Gyo Shojima
Tatsuaki Gyo Shojima (庄島 辰尭 born August 18, 1993) is a former professional American football center who spent his three-year career with the Obic Seagulls of the Japanese X-League. He played college football for the UCLA Bruins as a walk-on student-athlete under head coach Jim Mora. As a redshirt junior, Shojima became the first Japanese-born student-athlete of full Japanese heritage, nationality and citizenship to play in an NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) game.

Redondo Beach, California
Redondo Beach (Redondo, Spanish for 'round') is a coastal city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, located in the South Bay region of the Greater Los Angeles area. It is one of three adjacent beach cities along the southern portion of Santa Monica Bay. The population was 71,576 at the 2020 census, up from 66,748 in 2010.

Redondo Beach was originally part of the 1784 Rancho San Pedro Spanish land grant that later became the South Redondo area. The primary attractions include Municipal Pier and the sandy beach, popular with tourists and a variety of sports enthusiasts. The Southern terminus of the Metro Rail K Line (formerly the Western Terminus of the Metro Rail C Line) is in North Redondo Beach.
Stawardpeel Woods
Stawardpeel Woods is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in Northumberland, England. This protected area is located in the valley of the River Allen, near Bardon Mill. The protected area is owned by the National Trust, within the Allen Banks & Staward Gorge estate.

Bardon Mill
Bardon Mill is a small village in Northumberland, within the vicinity of the ancient Hadrian's Wall. It is located around 10+1⁄2 miles (17 kilometres) from Hexham, 26+1⁄2 mi (43 km) from Carlisle, and 32 mi (51 km) from Newcastle upon Tyne.

Nearby landmarks include Allen Banks & Staward Gorge, Sycamore Gap, The Sill: National Landscape Discovery Centre and Vindolanda Roman Fort.