hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Citraconic acid
Citraconic acid is an organic compound with the formula CH3C2H(CO2H)2. It is a white solid.  The alkene is cis.  The related trans alkene is called mesaconic acid. It is one of the pyrocitric acids formed upon the heating of citric acid. Citraconic acid can be produced, albeit inefficiently, by oxidation of xylene and methylbutanols.  The acid displays the unusual property of spontaneously forming the anhydride, which, unlike maleic anhydride, is a liquid at room temperature.

In the laboratory, citraconic acid can be produced by thermal isomerization of itaconic acid anhydride to give citraconic anhydride, which can be hydrolyzed to citraconic acid. The required itaconic acid anhydride is obtained by dry distillation of citric acid.

Maleic anhydride
Maleic anhydride is an organic compound with the formula C2H2(CO)2O.  It is the acid anhydride of maleic acid. It is a colorless or white solid with an acrid odor.  It is produced industrially on a large scale for applications in coatings and polymers.
Michael Weger
Michael Weger is a Canadian politician and lawyer. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan in the 2024 general election, representing Weyburn-Bengough as a member of the Saskatchewan Party.

Weyburn-Bengough
Weyburn-Bengough is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada. Located in southeastern Saskatchewan, the constituency was created as Weyburn-Big Muddy for the 1995 general election by combining parts of Weyburn and Bengough-Milestone.

The largest centre in the constituency is the city of Weyburn (pop. 9,433). Smaller communities in the district include the towns of Willow Bunch, Coronach, Ogema and Bengough; and the villages of Minton, Pangman and Mctaggart.

For the 2024 general election, the riding was renamed Weyburn-Bengough and shifted to the north, gaining significant territory from Indian Head-Milestone, Lumsden-Morse, and Moosomin and losing territory to Estevan-Big Muddy and Cannington.
Akram Khan (cricketer)
Mohammad Akram Hussain Khan (Bengali: মোহাম্মদ আকরাম হুসেইন খান; born 1 November 1968) is a former Bangladeshi cricketer. A hard hitting middle-order batsman, Akram played first-class cricket for Chittagong Division. As captain, he led Bangladesh to victory in the 1997 ICC Trophy. He was the chief selector of the BCB, along with Habibul Bashar and Minhajul Abedin.

Akram Khan was part of Bangladesh's inaugural Test match, in 2000–01 against India. He had been playing One Day International cricket since 1988. He developed as an international player under the able guidance of Gazi Ashraf Lipu.
 He retired from international cricket in 2003.

Chittagong Division cricket team
Chattogram Division cricket team represents the Chittagong Division, one of the eight administrative regions in Bangladesh. The team was founded in 1999 to compete in the National Cricket League (NCL) and plays first-class cricket. For the short-lived National Cricket League Twenty20 in 2010, the team adopted the name Cyclones of Chittagong. The equivalent team in the Bangladesh Premier League is the Chittagong Kings.

Chittagong Division play most of their home games at the Bir Shrestho Flight Lieutenant Matiur Rahman Cricket Stadium (BSFLMRCS) in the port city of Chittagong. The BSFLMRCS has superseded the older District Stadium, Chottogram (DSC) as Chittagong's main cricket venue. The District Stadium is now used primarily for football.
2008 Missouri Attorney General election
The 2008 Missouri Attorney General election was held on November 4, 2008, in order to elect the attorney general of Missouri. Democratic nominee and incumbent member of the Missouri Senate Chris Koster defeated Republican nominee and fellow incumbent member of the Missouri Senate Michael R. Gibbons.

Missouri Senate
The Missouri Senate is the upper chamber of the Missouri General Assembly, the lower chamber being the Missouri House of Representatives. It has 34 members, representing districts with an average population of 181,000. Its members serve four-year terms, with half the seats being up for election every two years. The Senate chooses a President Pro Tempore to serve in the absence of the lieutenant governor or when he shall have to exercise the office of governor of Missouri if there is a vacancy in that office due to death, resignation, impeachment, or incapacitation.

Members of the Missouri General Assembly are prohibited from serving more than eight years in either the state house of representatives or state senate, or a total of sixteen years, due to statutory term limits.
Leeds Country Way
The Leeds Country Way (LCW) is a circular long-distance footpath of 62 miles (100 km) around Leeds in West Yorkshire, England. It is never more than 7 miles (11 km) from the city centre of Leeds, but is mainly rural with extensive views in the outlying areas of the Leeds metropolitan district. It follows public rights of way including footpaths, bridleways and minor lanes, with a few short sections along roads. It can be walked in sections, accessed from roads with public transport links, but has also been completed by a runner in less than 11 hours.

Rights of way in England and Wales
In England and Wales, excluding the 12 Inner London boroughs and the City of London, the right of way is a legally protected right of the public to pass and re-pass on specific paths. Private rights of way or easements also exist.

The law in England and Wales differs from Scots law in that rights of way exist only where they are so designated (or are able to be designated if not already), whereas in Scotland any route that meets certain conditions is defined as a right of way, and in addition, there is a general presumption of access to the countryside (the "right to roam").
Gado (comics)
Godfrey Mwampembwa, pen name Gado (1969) is a Tanzanian-born political cartoonist, animator and comics artist. He is the most syndicated political cartoonist in East and Central Africa, and for over two decades a contributor for Daily Nation (Kenya), The Standard (Kenya), New African (United Kingdom), Courrier International (France) as well as for Business Day and Sunday Tribune (both South Africa). He also produced cartoons for The East African, Le Monde, The Washington Times, Der Standard and Japan Times.

He served as an editorial cartoonist at the Daily Nation until he was fired in March 2016.

Sunday Tribune
The Sunday Tribune was an Irish Sunday broadsheet newspaper published by Tribune Newspapers plc. It was founded in 1980 as a tabloid, before converting to broadsheet in 1981. It closed in 1982 and relaunched in 1983. It reverted to tabloid in 2010 and entered receivership in February 2011 after which it ceased to trade. Over the years of its publication it was edited by Conor Brady, Vincent Browne, Peter Murtagh, Matt Cooper, Paddy Murray and Nóirín Hegarty.
Paralyzed Veterans Golf Open
The Paralyzed Veterans Golf Open is an annual charity golf tournament. Proceeds from the tournament support PAVE (Paving Access for Veterans Employment), Paralyzed Veterans of America's vocational rehabilitation program. The mission of the program is to pave a path for employment, economic self-sufficiency and vocational fulfillment for any veteran seeking better quality of life.

The 10th PVGO event was held on June 19, 2017, in Lansdowne, Virginia.

Lansdowne, Virginia
Lansdowne is a census-designated place and planned community located near Leesburg in Loudoun County, Virginia, United States. The population as of the 2010 United States census was 11,253.

It is north of State Route 7 and south of the Potomac River. Before the Revolutionary War, the Lee family established Coton Manor here. A section of the Potomac Heritage Trail runs through Lansdowne. It is the home of Inova Loudoun Hospital, the Jack Kent Cooke Foundation, Lansdowne Resort, Prison Fellowship, and Lansdowne Woods of Virginia, a gated, age-restricted community.

Lansdowne is part of the Washington metropolitan area.
Marsha Harris
Marsha Harris was the female winner of the 1998 Walter Byers Award, the National Collegiate Athletic Association's highest academic honor, in recognition of being the nation's top female scholar-athlete.  She was a two-time Kodak Division III All-American who scored the winning basket for the New York University Violets women's basketball team in the 1997 NCAA Division III National Championship game resulting in a 72–70 victory over University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire.  As of 2005 she was the University Athletic Association's all-time leading scorer and she was in her third year as a surgical resident at the New York University School of Medicine.

University Athletic Association
The University Athletic Association (UAA) is an intercollegiate athletic conference that competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III.  Member schools are universities located in Georgia, Illinois, Massachusetts, Missouri, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. The eight members are Brandeis University, Carnegie Mellon University, Case Western Reserve University, Emory University, New York University, The University of Chicago, University of Rochester, and Washington University in St. Louis.
Tuzin.fm
Tuzin.fm (Belarusian: Тузін Гітоў; transl. A dozen hits) is a private non-profit Belarusian web-portal, which was created in 2003 to cover musical creativity in Belarus. Among its objectives, the site promotes music written in Belarus and motivates to listen to Belarusian songs as large an audience as possible. It initiates and implements music projects and is the information partner of the most significant events of the Belarusian independent music scene. Independently determining its information policy, the nature and content of the information, advertising, audio, and video materials, in 2009 the mass media had more than 50 thousand monthly visitors who downloaded more than 80 thousand songs.

Podlaska Opera and Orchestra
Podlaska Opera and Orchestra in Białystok (Polish: Opera i Filharmonia Podlaska – Europejskie Centrum Sztuki im. Stanisława Moniuszki w Białymstoku) is a cultural institution in Białystok, capital of Podlaskie Voivodeship of Poland. It is the largest artistic institution in north-eastern Poland and the most modern cultural center in this part of Europe.
National Film Award for Second Best Feature Film
The National Film Award for Second Best Feature Film was one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the Directorate of Film Festivals, the organisation set up by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, India. It was one of several awards presented for feature films and awarded with Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus).

The award was instituted in 1957, at the 5th National Film Awards. It was awarded annually to a film produced in India that year, in any Indian language. It was last awarded in 1992, at the 40th National Film Awards.

40th National Film Awards
The 40th National Film Awards, presented by Directorate of Film Festivals, the organisation set up by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, India to felicitate the best of Indian Cinema released in the year 1992. Ceremony took place in 1993.
Iluka, Western Australia
Iluka is a beachside suburb of Perth, Western Australia. It is located within the City of Joondalup to the north of Perth.

Iluka offers Beaumaris Beach (complete with lunch shelters, barbecues and toilets) as well as a large sporting facility; Iluka Sports Complex (Beaumaris Sports Association), the home of Joondalup City Football Club, Joondalup Bowling Club, Joondalup District Cricket Club, Joondalup Lakers Hockey Club and Iluka Underground street roller hockey club, and the RugbyWA Joondalup Brothers Rugby Union Football Club.

Popular surfing spots in the region include Mullaloo Beach, Sorrento Beach and Hillarys Beach.

City of Joondalup
The City of Joondalup is a local government area in Perth, Western Australia. Its central business district is located in the suburb Joondalup, and it includes the town centres of Hillarys and Warwick.
Muthuraman
Muthuraman  is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

B. Muthuraman (born 1944), business manager

Karthik Muthuraman (born 1960), Indian actor, singer, and politician

R. Muthuraman (1929–1982), Tamil actor

S. P. Muthuraman (born 1935), Indian director

Karthik (actor)
Murali Karthikeyan Muthuraman (born 13 September 1960), better known by his stage name Karthik, is an Indian actor, playback singer and politician who works in Tamil cinema. He is the son of veteran actor R. Muthuraman. Karthik was one of the prominent stars in the industry in the 80s and 90s. He was first introduced by Bharathiraja in the Tamil film Alaigal Oivathillai (1981) and became a lead actor in Tamil films eventually. He has also appeared in some Telugu films where he was initially credited as Murali. Karthik is known in the industry as Navarasa Nayagan, as he is often appreciated for his ability to emote all forms of actions and emotions. He has acted in more than 125 films. He has been the recipient of four Tamil Nadu State Film Awards, a Nandi Award and four Filmfare Awards South.
Malcolm MacInnis
Malcolm "Vic" MacInnis (May 22, 1933 – March 12, 2023) was a Canadian educator and politician. He served as a New Democratic Party member of the House of Commons of Canada.

Born in Halifax, Nova Scotia, MacInnis was first elected at the Cape Breton South riding in the 1962 general election defeating incumbent Donald MacInnis, a Progressive Conservative party member. After serving his only term, the 25th Canadian Parliament, MacInnis was defeated in the 1963 election by Donald MacInnis.

1963 Canadian federal election
The 1963 Canadian federal election was held on April 8, 1963, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 26th Parliament of Canada. It resulted in the defeat of the minority Progressive Conservative (Tory) government of Prime Minister John Diefenbaker, with the Liberals returning to power for the first time in 6 years, where they would remain for twenty of the next twenty-one years (winning every election except the 1979 election until their landslide defeat in 1984).  For the Social Credit Party, despite getting their highest ever share of the vote, the party lost 6 seats compared to its high-water mark in 1962.

The 1963 election was the first in which all of the Northwest Territories were contained in an electoral district, and consequently the first in which 100% of Canadian territory was represented in Parliament.
A.F.C. Rhoose
AFC Rhoose are a Welsh football club from Rhoose, a village and community near the sea (the Bristol Channel) in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales, near Barry. They played for two seasons in the Welsh Football League. They play in the Vale of Glamorgan Premier.

Barry, Vale of Glamorgan
Barry (/ˈbæri/; Welsh: Y Barri; pronounced [ə ˈbari]) is a town and community in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. It is on the north coast of the Bristol Channel approximately 9 miles (14 km) south-southwest of Cardiff. Barry is a seaside resort, with attractions including several beaches and the resurrected Barry Island Pleasure Park. According to Office for National Statistics 2021 estimate data, the population of Barry was 56,605.

The town of Barry has absorbed its larger neighbouring villages of Cadoxton and Barry Island. It grew significantly from the 1880s with the development of Barry Docks, which, in 1913, was the largest coal port in the world.
Arabellapark station
Arabellapark is a Munich U-Bahn station in Bogenhausen borough. It is the eastern terminus of the U4. Arabellapark station is located in the Arabellapark district of Bogenhausen, a large housing and commercial district developed during the 1970s. 
Arabellapark station serves as an important bus interchange station for buses servicing Bogenhausen. It is the terminus of bus lines 150, 183, 184, 185, 187 and MVV-Expressbus X205

Bogenhausen
Bogenhausen (German pronunciation: [ˈboːɡn̩haʊzn̩] ⓘ; Central Bavarian: Bognhausn) is the 13th borough of Munich, Germany. It is the geographically the third largest borough of Munich and comprises the city's north-eastern quarter, reaching from the Isar on the eastern side of the Englischer Garten to the city limits, bordering on Unterföhring to the north, Aschheim to the east and the Haidhausen borough to the south. In 1805 the Treaty of Bogenhausen was signed which allied Bavaria to Napoleonic France.
Reed Duchscher
Reed Duchscher (born July 13, 1989) is an American talent manager and investor. He is the CEO and founder of Night Media, and talent manager of content creators such as political livestreamer Hasan Piker, streamer Kai Cenat and the Kalogeras Sisters, and former manager of YouTuber MrBeast from 2018–2024.

Hasan Piker
Hasan Doğan Piker (born July 25, 1991), known online by the name HasanAbi, is an American Twitch streamer, influencer, and left-wing political commentator. His content primarily consists of political and social commentary and media consumption. As of 2026, Piker's Twitch channel ranks among the platform's most-subscribed. Piker has been described as one of the biggest voices on the U.S. left. Piker started streaming on Twitch in March 2018 while working at The Young Turks (TYT).

In January 2020, he left TYT to focus on his career as a Twitch streamer. Piker has regularly spoken about the Gaza war by advocating for Palestinians and criticizing the Israeli government.
Gustav Kieseritzky
Gustav Kieseritzky (22 September 1893 – 19 November 1943) was a German admiral during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Kieseritzky was killed on 19 November 1943 during the Kerch–Eltigen Operation and was posthumously awarded the Knight's Cross, on 20 November 1943.

Kerch–Eltigen operation
The Kerch–Eltigen operation was a World War II amphibious offensive made in November 1943 by the Red Army as a precursor to the Crimean offensive (8 April-12 May 1944), with the object of defeating and forcing the withdrawal of the German forces from the Crimea.  Landing at two locations on the Crimea's eastern coast, the Red Army successfully reinforced the northern beachhead of Yenikale but was unable to prevent an Axis counterattack that collapsed the southern beachhead at Eltigen. Subsequently, the Red Army used the beachhead at Yenikale to launch further offensive operations into the Crimea in May 1944.
Ursula of Munsterberg
Ursula of Munsterberg (German: Ursula von Münsterberg; Czech: Uršula z Minstrberka, Voršila Minstrberská, kněžna a Kladská hraběnka; c. 1491/95 or 1499, presumably in Teschen - after 2 February 1534, presumably in Stift Gernrode or Liegnitz) was a German nun and writer, known for her role during the reformation.

Cieszyn
Cieszyn (/ˈtʃɛʃɪn/ CHESH-in, Polish: [ˈt͡ɕɛʂɨn] ⓘ; Czech: Těšín [ˈcɛʃiːn] ⓘ; German: Teschen [ˈteːʃn̩]) is a border town in southern Poland on the east bank of the Olza River, and the administrative seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship. The town has 33,500 inhabitants (as of December 2021), and lies opposite Český Těšín in the Czech Republic. Both towns belong to the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia, and formerly constituted the capital of the Duchy of Cieszyn as a single town.
CFS Armstrong
For the civil airport, see Armstrong Airport

Canadian Forces Station Armstrong (ADC ID: C-15) is a former General Surveillance Radar station.  It is located 1.1 miles (1.8 km) east of Armstrong, Thunder Bay District, Ontario.  It was closed in 1974.

It was operated as part of the Pinetree Line network controlled by NORAD.

Pinetree Line
The Pinetree Line was a series of radar stations located across southern Canada at about the 50th parallel north, along with a number of other stations located on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. Run by North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) (after its creation), over half were staffed by United States Air Force personnel with the balance operated by the Royal Canadian Air Force. The line was the first coordinated system for early detection of a Soviet bomber attack on North America.  Its radar technology quickly became outdated, and the line was in full operation only for a short time.
Lucerne Gold Collar
The Lucerne Gold Collar is a breed of fancy pigeon developed over many years of selective breeding. Lucerne Gold Collars, along with other varieties of domesticated pigeons, are all descendants from the rock pigeon (Columba livia).
The collar is required to be a rich but clear golden yellow.

Fancy pigeon
Fancy pigeon refers to any breed of domestic pigeon, which is a domesticated form of the wild rock dove (Columba livia). They are bred by pigeon fanciers for various traits relating to size, shape, color, and behavior, and often exhibited at pigeon shows, fairs and other livestock exhibits.

There are about 800 pigeon breeds; considering all regional varieties all over the world there may be 1100 breeds. The European list of fancy pigeons alone names about 500 breeds. No other domestic animal has branched out into such a variety of forms and colours.

Charles Darwin is known to have crossbred fancy pigeons, particularly the ice pigeon, to study variation within species, this work coming three years before his publication, On the Origin of Species.
Harenna Forest
The Harenna Forest is a montane tropical evergreen forest in Ethiopia's Bale Mountains. The forest covers the southern slope of the mountains, extending from 1450 to 3200 meters elevation. The Bale Mountains are in Ethiopia's Oromia Region, and form the southwestern portion of the Ethiopian Highlands.

It is one of the few remaining natural forests in the country, and the largest. The Harenna Forest is known for its native plants, mammals, amphibians and birds, including many endemic species. The montane climate of the southern Bale Mountains sustains plant communities distinct from those of the adjacent lowlands, and from montane forests elsewhere in the Ethiopian Highlands.

Oldeania alpina
Oldeania alpina, the African alpine bamboo, is a perennial bamboo of the family Poaceae and the genus Oldeania. It can be found growing in dense but not large stands  on the mountains and volcanoes surrounding the East African Rift between 2,500 meters (8,200 feet) and 3,300 meters (11,000 feet) elevation.
Thomas Halstead
Thomas Halstead or Holstead (c. 1811 – 6 February 1838) was an English trader who worked as an interpreter for Shaka Zulu as well as Dingane until 1838. He was an associate of the Biggar family and was killed with Piet Retief and approximately 100 other men on KwaMatiwane, hill of execution, within sight of Dingane's stronghold, Umgungundglovu, between Melmoth and Vryheid. Halstead was a descendant of the British Settlers.

He appears as a character in the H. Rider Haggard novel Marie.

Piet Retief
Pieter Retief (12 November 1780 – 6 February 1838) was a Voortrekker leader. Settling in 1814 in the frontier region of the Cape Colony, he later assumed command of punitive expeditions during the sixth Xhosa War. He became a spokesperson for the frontier farmers who voiced their discontent and wrote the Voortrekkers' declaration at their departure from the colony.

He was a leading figure during their Great Trek, and at one stage their elected governor. He proposed Natal as the final destination of their migration and selected a location for its future capital, later named Pietermaritzburg in his honour. The massacre of Retief and his delegation by the Zulu King Dingane and the extermination of several Voortrekker laagercamps in the area of the present town of Weenen led to the Battle of Blood River on the Ncome River. The short-lived Boer republic Natalia suffered from ineffective government and was eventually annexed to the British Cape Colony.