hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Annaiyum Pithavum
Annaiyum Pithavum (transl. Mother and Father) is a 1969 Indian Tamil-language drama film directed by Krishnan–Panju and written by V. C. Guhanathan for AVM Productions. The film stars A. V. M. Rajan, Vanisri, Sivakumar and Lakshmi. It was released on 19 September 1969, and became a commercial success.

Sivakumar
Palaniswamy (born 27 October 1941), better known by his stage name Sivakumar, is an Indian visual artist and former actor who has appeared in Tamil cinema and television. He made his acting debut in Kaakum Karangal (1965) and has worked in 195 movies, predominantly in Tamil cinema. He has won three Filmfare Awards South and two Tamil Nadu State Film Awards.
Carol Lay
Carol Lay (born 1952) is an American alternative cartoonist best known for her weekly comic strip, Story Minute (later to evolve into the strip Way Lay), which ran for almost 20 years in such US papers as the LA Weekly, the NY Press, and on Salon. Lay has been drawing professionally for over 30 years. Based in Los Angeles, Lay's strips and illustrations have appeared in  Entertainment Weekly, Mad,  Newsweek, Worth Magazine, The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, and The New Yorker.

Letterer
A letterer is a member of a team of comic book creators responsible for drawing the comic book's text. The letterer's use of typefaces, calligraphy, letter size, and layout all contribute to the impact of the comic-book-reading experience. The letterer crafts the comic's "display lettering": the story's title lettering, creator credits, and any specialized captions that appear on the story's first page. They also craft the lettering that appears in the word balloons, also designing the various sound effects that appear within the comic book story. Many letterers also design logos for the comic book company's various titles.
Quaglia
Quaglia is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Colleen Quaglia (active 21st century), National level swimmer

Alberto Quaglia (active early 20th century), Italian soccer coach

Fernando Quaglia (active early 19th century), Italian painter of portrait miniatures

Franca Quaglia, Italian women's downhill skier

Gerolamo Quaglia (1902–1985), Italian wrestler and Olympic medalist in Greco-Roman wrestling

Giovanni Quaglia, founder of the Italian company SO.RI.MA. (Society for Maritime Recovery)

Hélio Quaglia Barbosa (1941–2008), Brazilian judge

Léonhard Quaglia, French ice hockey player at the 1920 and 1928 Winter Olympics

Marco Quaglia, Italian actor (Gasoline, The Best Day of My Life)

Martín Quaglia, husband of Colombian television actress Ana María Orozco

Massimo Quaglia, Italian film editor (The Star Maker, Malèna, La sconosciuta)

Roberto Quaglia (born 1962), Italian science fiction writer

The Unknown Woman
The Unknown Woman (Italian: La sconosciuta, lit. 'The unknown'; also known as The Other Woman) is a 2006 Italian psychological thriller mystery film, directed by Giuseppe Tornatore that depicts a woman alone in a foreign country, haunted by a horrible past. Although it was selected as the Italian entry for Best Foreign Language Film at the 80th Academy Awards and made the shortlist, ultimately it was not nominated.
Health of Frédéric Chopin
Frédéric Chopin's disease and the reason for his premature death at age 39 were frequently debated for over 150 years.  Although he was diagnosed with and treated for tuberculosis throughout his lifetime, a number of alternative diagnoses have been suggested since his death in 1849. A comprehensive review of the possible causes of Chopin's illness was published in 2011. A visual examination of Chopin's heart, for which permission was finally given in 2014, indicated the likely cause of death as pericarditis, caused by tuberculosis. This has been disputed by pathologists who say that a visual examination alone cannot confirm such a disease.

Ludwika Jędrzejewicz
Ludwika Jędrzejewicz (Polish: [ludˈvika jɛndʐɛˈjɛvitʂ]; née Chopin;(full name:Ludwika Marianna Jędrejewicz née Chopin) (6 April 1807 – 29 October 1855) was the elder sister of Polish composer Frédéric Chopin. She was born in Warsaw, Poland, in 1807, the daughter of Nicolas Chopin and his wife Justyna.

She was named after her godmother, Countess Ludwika Skarbek, after her parents had taken refuge with the Skarbeks from the unrest in Żelazowa Wola.
Norinco CQ
The Type CQ is an unlicensed Chinese variant of the M16 rifle manufactured by Sichuan Changqing Machine Works, a subsidiary of Norinco. According to the Norinco website, the rifle is officially known as CQ 5.56. CQ stands for ChangQing, the name of its manufacturer.

.223 Remington
The .223 Remington, also known as 223 Remington by SAAMI  and 223 Rem. by the C.I.P., (pronounced "two-two-three") is a rimless, bottlenecked, centerfire intermediate cartridge. It was developed in 1957 by Remington Arms and Fairchild Industries for the U.S. Continental Army Command of the United States Army as part of a project to create a small-caliber, high-velocity firearm. Firing a .2245 in (5.70 mm) projectile, the .223 Remington is considered one of the most popular common-use cartridges and is used by a wide range of semi-automatic and manual-action rifles.
Phillip Tanner
Phillip Tanner (born August 8, 1988) is an American former professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys, Buffalo Bills, and San Francisco 49ers. He played college football for the Middle Tennessee Blue Raiders.

Middle Tennessee Blue Raiders football
The Middle Tennessee Blue Raiders football is the intercollegiate football program representing Middle Tennessee State University in Murfreesboro, Tennessee. The Blue Raiders compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and are a member of Conference USA. They are coached by Derek Mason, who was hired as the 15th head coach in program history on December 6, 2023.

Middle Tennessee has appeared in 14 bowl games and seven I-AA playoffs. The Blue Raiders play their home games at the Johnny "Red" Floyd Stadium, which has a seating capacity of 27,303.
Peru–United States relations
The Republic of Peru and United States of America (USA) established relations following Peru's independence from Spain in 1826. In the twenty-first century the two countries have become close partners, collaborating in trade with a free trade agreement and in limiting the trafficking of narcotics into the United States.

Both countries are part of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum, as well as the Organization of American States.

According to Gallup, Inc. polls, Peruvian public perception of the United States is mixed, with 51% of Peruvians viewing the U.S. favorably in 2017 (compared to 61% approval of China, respectively) and 55% of Peruvians viewing American influence positively in 2013. According to a Gallup poll discussing confidence in the president of the United States, 17% of Peruvians approved of U.S. leadership, with 77% disapproving.

Gallup, Inc.
Gallup, Inc. is an American multinational analytics and advisory company based in Washington, D.C. Founded by George Gallup in 1935, the company became known for conducting public opinion polls worldwide. Gallup provides analytics and management consulting to organizations globally. In addition, the company offers educational consulting, the CliftonStrengths assessment and associated products, and business and management books published by its Gallup Press unit.
Madison Buffalo Jump State Park
Madison Buffalo Jump State Park is a Montana state park located seven miles south of the Interstate 90 interchange at Logan in Gallatin County, Montana in the United States. The park preserves a canyon cliff used by Native Americans as a buffalo jump, where herds of bison were stampeded over the cliff as an efficient means of slaughter. The main geographic features of the jump site remain largely unchanged since the days of the jumps. Archaeologists have found tons of bison bones buried at the base of the cliffs. They have also uncovered the remains of tipi villages.

Interstate 90 in Montana
Interstate 90 (I-90) is an east–west transcontinental Interstate Highway across the northern United States, linking Seattle to Boston. The portion in the state of Montana is 552.54 miles (889.23 km) in length, passing through 14 counties in central and southern Montana. It is the longest segment of I-90 within a single state.
Silent comics
Silent comics (or pantomime comics) are comics which are delivered in mime. They make use of little or no dialogue, speech balloons or captions written underneath the images. Instead, the stories or gags are told entirely through pictures.

Lynd Ward
Lynd Kendall Ward (June 26, 1905 – June 28, 1985) was an American artist and novelist, known for his series of wordless novels using woodcuts, and his illustrations for juvenile and adult books. His wordless novels have influenced the development of the graphic novel. Although strongly associated with his wood engravings, he also worked in watercolor, oil, brush and ink, lithography and mezzotint. Ward was a son of Methodist minister, political organizer and radical social activist Harry F. Ward, the first chairman of the American Civil Liberties Union on its founding in 1920.

His best-known books are Gods' Man and his Caldecott-winning children's story, The Biggest Bear.
Intercession Altarpiece
The Intercession Altarpiece is a five-panel tempera and gold on panel painting by Gentile da Fabriano, produced during his stay in Florence from 1420 to 1423. Its original location is unknown, though it is now in the sacristy of San Niccolò Oltrarno in Florence. It is named after its central panel of Jesus and the Virgin Mary interceding to God the Father. The two outermost panels show Louis of Toulouse and Bernard of Clairvaux. The two inner side-panels show the Resurrection of Lazarus and a group of three saints (Saints Cosmas, Damian and Julian).

San Niccolò Oltrarno
San Niccolò Oltrarno is a Roman Catholic church located on Via San Niccolò in the district of the same name in Florence, region of Tuscany, Italy. The narrow district of Niccolò in Oltrarno is hemmed between the hills around San Miniato and the river.
Tagore Ratna and Tagore Puraskar
Sangeet Natak Akademi Tagore Ratna and Sangeet Natak Akademi Tagore Puraskar were performing arts awards given at special events organised by Sangeet Natak Akademi in

Kolkata – Sangeet Natak Akademi Tagore Samman on 25 April 2012

Chennai – Sangeet Natak Akademi Tagore Samman on 2 May 2012.

Sangeet Natak Akademi Tagore Ratna is equivalent to Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship and Sangeet Natak Akademi Tagore Puruskar is equivalent to Sangeet Natak Akademi Award. These were one time awards conferred on the occasion to commemorate 150 birthday of Rabindranath Tagore

Kathakali
Kathakali (IAST: Kathakaḷi pronunciationⓘ) is a traditional form of Indian Classical Dance, and one of the most complex forms of Indian theatre. It is native to the Malayalam-speaking state of Kerala and is almost entirely practiced by the Malayali people.
It is a play of verses. These verses are called Kathakali literature or Attakatha. Mostly played in the courts of kings and temple festivals. Hence it is known as suvarna art forms. This performance uses the navarasas from the Natya Shastra text, authored by sage Bharata. Makeup and costumes are unique and large. It represents one of Kerala's traditional theater artforms. 
Kathakali is closely related to a more ancient theater artform of Kerala called Koodiyattam which is the only surviving specimen of the ancient Sanskrit theatre, thought to have originated around the beginning of the common era, and is officially recognized by UNESCO as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
Fockerby
Fockerby is a village in the civil parish of Garthorpe and Fockerby, in the North Lincolnshire district, in the ceremonial county of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated approximately 8 miles (13 km) south-east from Goole and 1 mile (1.6 km) west from the River Trent.

Fockerby for centuries was part of the ancient parish of Adlingfleet. The village of Fockerby was situated within the Wapentake of Osgoldcross in the historic county of Yorkshire West Riding.

Fockerby is part of the Isle of Axholme and close to the border with the East Riding of Yorkshire. It is contiguous with the village of Garthorpe to the north-east, with which it forms one community joined by a section of road which crosses the previous course of the River Don.

River Trent
The Trent, the third-longest river in the United Kingdom, has its source in Staffordshire, on the southern edge of Biddulph Moor. It flows through and drains the North Midlands into the Humber Estuary. The river is known for dramatic flooding after storms and spring snowmelt, which in the past have often caused the river to change course.

The river passes through Stoke-on-Trent, Stone, Staffordshire, Rugeley, Burton-upon-Trent, Nottingham, Newark-on-Trent and Gainsborough before joining the Yorkshire Ouse at Trent Falls to form the Humber Estuary, which empties into the North Sea between Kingston upon Hull in Yorkshire and Immingham in Lincolnshire. The wide Humber estuary has often been characterised as the boundary between the Midlands and Northern England ("The North").
Ove Aunli
Ove Robert Aunli (born 12 March 1956 in Hemne Municipality) is a Norwegian former cross-country skier. He took the Olympic bronze medal in 1980 Lake Placid when Thomas Wassberg beat Juha Mieto by one-hundredth of a second for the gold medal, and won a silver medal as part of Norway's 4 × 10 km relay team.

Aunli found his biggest success at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, winning six medals. This included two golds (4 × 10 km: 1982, 1985), one silver (30 km: 1985), and three bronzes (4 × 10 km: 1978, 1987; 50 km: 1985).

Aunli represented the clubs Kyrksæterøra IL and Strindheim IL.

He is married to Berit Aunli.

Hemne Municipality
Hemne is a former municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 2020 when it was incorporated into Heim Municipality. It was part of the Fosen region. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Kyrksæterøra. Other villages included Heim, Hellandsjøen, Holla, and Vinjeøra. The European route E39 highway passed through the southern part of the  municipality.

Prior to its dissolution in 2020, the 670-square-kilometre (260 sq mi) municipality is the 168th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Hemne Municipality was the 225th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 4,228. The municipality's population density was 6.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (16/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0.07% over the previous 10-year period.
Iolon
Iolon Inc. was a manufacturer and designer of tunable lasers and optical devices. Its headquarters were in San Jose, California. Its products included the Apollo line of lasers, as well as optical switches, polarization controllers, tunable filters, spectral monitors, and universal transponders. Iolon raised over US$85 million in capital during the dot-com bubble of 1995–2001, but faltered as the telecommunications market tightened after the bubble burst. Iolon's remaining assets were bought by Coherent in 2005, for $5 million.

In 2006, Luna Technologies acquired the rights to sell a version of the Apollo laser for use in fiber optic test and measurement instrumentation, and sensing applications. They are selling the modified Apollo laser under the brand name "Phoenix".

Transponder
In telecommunications, a transponder is a device that, upon receiving a signal, emits a different signal in response. The term is a blend of transmitter and responder.

In air navigation or radio frequency identification, a flight transponder is an automated transceiver in an aircraft that emits a coded identifying signal in response to an interrogating received signal.

In a communications satellite, a satellite transponder receives signals over a range of uplink frequencies, usually from a satellite ground station; the transponder amplifies them, and re-transmits them on a different set of downlink frequencies to receivers on Earth, often without changing the content of the received signal or signals.
Kask (surname)
Kask is an Estonian surname meaning "birch". Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksander Kask (1885–1950), Estonian politician

Aleksander Kask (1902–1965), Estonian weightlifter

Arnold Kask (1902–1994), Estonian linguist, philologist and professor

Herman Kask (died 1918), Estonian politician

Jana Kask (born 1991), Estonian singer

Janne Kask, former singer of the Swedish band Brainpool

Oskar Kask (1898–1942), Estonian politician

Peet Kask (born 1948), Estonian politician

Rein Kask (born 1947), Estonian politician

Risto Kask (born 1985), Estonian civil servant and politician

Teet Kask (born 1968), Estonian ballet dancer and choreographer

Tim Kask (1949–2025), American editor and writer

Tõnis Kask (1929–2016), Estonian director

Tim Kask
Timothy James Kask (January 14, 1949 – December 30, 2025) was an American editor and writer in the role-playing game industry. Kask became interested in board games in his childhood, and later turned to miniatures wargames. While attending university after a stint in the US Navy, he was part of a group that playtested an early version of the new role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) for game co-designer Gary Gygax. Gygax hired him as the first employee of TSR, Inc. in 1975.  After editing some of TSR's early D&D publications, Kask became editor of The Strategic Review, which later became The Dragon, and then Dragon Magazine.

Kask left TSR in 1980 to publish a new magazine, Adventure Gaming, but when that failed, he left the games industry in 1983 and spent some time as a freelance editor and speechwriter before becoming a teacher. In 2010 he returned to the games industry as one of the co-founders of Eldritch Enterprises.
Crucianella
Crucianella (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species (C. angustifolia) is naturalized in northern California, southern Oregon (Josephine County), and Idaho (Clearwater County).

Josephine County, Oregon
Josephine County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 88,090. The county seat is Grants Pass. The county is named after Virginia Josephine Rollins (1834–1912), a settler who was the first white woman to live in the county's boundaries. Josephine County comprises the Grants Pass, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Medford-Grants Pass, OR Combined Statistical Area.
Dead time
For detection systems that record discrete events, such as particle and nuclear detectors, the dead time is the time after each event during which the system is not able to record another event.
An everyday life example of this is what happens when someone takes a photo using a flash – another picture cannot be taken immediately afterward because the flash needs a few seconds to recharge. In addition to lowering the detection efficiency, dead times can have other effects, such as creating possible exploits in quantum cryptography.

Particle detector
In experimental and applied particle physics, nuclear physics, and nuclear engineering, a particle detector, also known as a radiation detector, is a device used to detect, track, and/or identify ionizing particles, such as those produced by nuclear decay, cosmic radiation, or reactions in a particle accelerator. Detectors can measure the particle energy and other attributes such as momentum, spin, charge, particle type, in addition to merely registering the presence of the particle.
Racism in the United Kingdom
Racism in the United Kingdom has a long history and includes structural discrimination and hostile attitudes against various  ethnic minorities. The extent and the targets have varied over time. It has resulted in cases of discrimination, riots, racially motivated murders and segregation.

Among the populations targeted historically and today have been Jews, who have experienced antisemitism for centuries; Irish people and other subsequent subjects of British colonialism, black people, Romani people, migrants, and refugees. Some studies suggest Brexit led to a rise in racist incidents and hostility to foreigners or immigrants, adversely affecting Poles, Romanians and other European groups.

Levels of racist attitudes have declined in recent decades, although structural disadvantages persist and hate incidents continue.

James Mill
James Mill (born James Milne; 6 April 1773 – 23 June 1836) was a Scottish historian, economist, political theorist and philosopher. He is counted among the founders of the Ricardian school of economics. He also wrote The History of British India (1817) and was one of the prominent historians to take a colonial approach.  He was the first writer to divide Indian history into three parts: Hindu, Muslim and British, a classification which has proved surpassingly influential in the field of Indian historical studies.

Mill was the father of John Stuart Mill, a noted philosopher of liberalism and utilitarianism, and a colonial administrator at the East India Company.
Eina Municipality
Eina is a former municipality in the old Oppland county, Norway. The 104.5-square-kilometre (40.3 sq mi) municipality existed from 1908 until its dissolution in 1964. The area is now part of Vestre Toten Municipality in the traditional district of Toten. The administrative centre was the village of Eina.

Prior to its dissolution in 1964, the 104.5-square-kilometre (40.3 sq mi) municipality was the 510th largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Eina Municipality was the 516th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 1,611. The municipality's population density was 15.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (40/sq mi) and its population had increased by 1.6% over the previous 10-year period.

Oppland
Oppland [ˈɔ̂plɑn] ⓘ is a former county in Norway which existed from 1781 until its dissolution on 1 January 2020. The old Oppland county bordered the counties of Trøndelag, Møre og Romsdal, Sogn og Fjordane, Buskerud, Akershus, Oslo and Hedmark. The county administration was located in the town of Lillehammer.
Leo, Alberta
Leo is a locality in central Alberta, Canada within the County of Stettler No. 6. It is located on Range Road 360, approximately 17 km (11 mi) west of Highway 855. It is approximately 45 km (28 mi) east of Big Valley, located between Gough Lake and Cutbank Lake.

The locality is in census division No. 7 and the federal riding of Crowfoot.

Alberta Highway 855
Alberta Provincial Highway No. 855 is a highway in the province of Alberta, Canada. It runs south–north from Highway 9 west of Hanna to Highway 55 and Highway 63 in Atmore. It provides access to rural areas, and is gravel at both its south and north ends. At 389 km (242 mi) it is the longest 500–986 series highway in Alberta.

It is also known as Lougheed Avenue in Heisler, 45 Street in Daysland, 54 Street in Holden, Sawchuk Street in Mundare, and 50 Street in Andrew and Smoky Lake.