hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Di Rocco
Di Rocco is an Italian surname. Notable people with this name include:

Alex Di Rocco (born 1970), French footballer

Angelo Di Rocco (1896–1968), Italian politician

Antonio Di Rocco (born 1977), Italian singer-songwriter

Michele di Rocco (born 1982), Italian boxer of Romani origin

Renato Di Rocco (born 1947), Italian sports executive

Sandra Di Rocco (born 1967), Italian-Swedish mathematician

Sandra Di Rocco
Sandra Di Rocco (born 1967) is an Italian mathematician specializing in algebraic geometry. She works in Sweden as a professor of mathematics and dean of the faculty of engineering science at KTH Royal Institute of Technology, and chairs the Activity Group on Algebraic Geometry of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.
Portrait of Leopold I of Belgium
Portrait of Leopold I of Belgium is an 1840 portrait painting by the German artist Franz Xaver Winterhalter depicting Leopold I of Belgium.

A German-born prince, Leopold had become the first King of the Belgians following the Belgian Revolution of 1830 that overthrew Dutch rule. He married a French princess Louise of Orléans in 1832. He was also the widower of Princess Charlotte of Wales, who had died in 1817, as well as the uncle of Queen Victoria.

The painting was commissioned by Leopold's father-in-law Louis Philippe I for the Musée de l'Histoire de France at the recently refurbished Palace of Versailles.  In 1846 Leopold commissioned another portrait from Winterhalter as a gift for Queen Victoria, which remains in the British Royal Collection.

Musée de l'Histoire de France (Versailles)
The Musée de l'Histoire de France (French pronunciation: [myze d(ə) listwaʁ də fʁɑ̃s] ⓘ; "Museum of French History") is a museum that was created by King Louis Philippe I in the Palace of Versailles and opened in 1837. At the time, it represented an ambitious project of national reconciliation between the hitherto competing narratives of the French monarchy and the French Revolution, to which Louis-Philippe devoted significant personal attention. Whereas it gradually faded in importance as a museum in the later 19th century, its lavish historicist decoration remains a major exemplar of the art of France's July Monarchy.
Maraschi
Maraschi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anthony Maraschi (1820–1897), Italian Roman Catholic priest

Bartolomeo Maraschi (died 1487), Italian Roman Catholic bishop

Laura Maraschi (born 1942), Italian astronomer

Mario Maraschi (1939–2020), Italian footballer

Anthony Maraschi
The Reverend Anthony Maraschi, S.J. (1820 - 1897)  was an Italian-born priest of the Society of Jesus. He was a founder of the University of San Francisco and Saint Ignatius College Preparatory as well as the first pastor of Saint Ignatius Church in San Francisco, California.
Som Catalans
Som Catalans (SOM; English: "We are Catalans") is a xenophobic and independentist party, active in the Spanish autonomous community of Catalonia and founded in 2014 by Ester Gallego and Enric Ravello, following a scission from Platform for Catalonia.

The party, classified as part of the identitarian movement, maintains relations with other European movements such as Vlaams Belang (Flanders, Belgium), Lega Nord (Italy), and Casal Europa (Northern Catalonia, France).

In the 2015 local elections, the party contested in Vic without obtaining any representation. In the 2019 local elections, the party contested in Llagostera, Sabadell, Sant Feliu de Guíxols and Ripoll without obtaining any representation anywhere.

Vic, Spain
Vic (Catalan pronunciation: [bik]; Spanish: Vic) is the capital of the comarca of Osona, in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Vic is 69 km (43 mi) from Barcelona and 60 km (37 mi) from Girona.
Malá Roudka
Malá Roudka is a municipality and village in Blansko District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants. The municipality forms an enclave in the territory of Velké Opatovice.

Malá Roudka lies approximately 27 kilometres (17 mi) north of Blansko, 45 km (28 mi) north of Brno, and 168 km (104 mi) east of Prague.

South Moravian Region
The South Moravian Region (Czech: Jihomoravský kraj; German: Südmährische Region, pronounced [zyːtˈmɛːʁɪʃə ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Slovak: Juhomoravský kraj), or just South Moravia, is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, the nation's 2nd largest city. South Moravia is bordered by the South Bohemian Region to the west, Vysočina Region to the north-west, Pardubice Region to the north, Olomouc Region to the north-east, Zlín Region to the east, Trenčín and Trnava Regions, Slovakia to the south-east and Lower Austria, Austria to the south.
2021 KNSB Dutch Allround Championships
The 2021 KNSB Dutch Allround Championships in speed skating were held in Heerenveen at the Thialf ice skating rink from 21 to 22 November 2021. The tournament was part of the 2020–2021 speed skating season. Patrick Roest and Antoinette de Jong won the allround titles.
The allround championships were held a week before the Dutch Sprint Championships.

The titleholders were Jan Blokhuijsen and Antoinette de Jong

Thialf
Thialf (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtijɑlf]) is an ice arena in Heerenveen, Netherlands. Thialf is used for long track speed skating, short track speed skating, ice hockey, figure skating, ice speedway, and non-sporting events. The outdoor rink was opened in 1967, and the indoor stadium was opened in 1986. Several world records have been set in the indoor stadium.

Annually, Thialf hosts two Speed Skating World Cup events. Jan de Jong was the ice rink master at Thialf for many years.
Was willst du dich betrüben, BWV 107
Johann Sebastian Bach composed the church cantata Was willst du dich betrüben (Why would you grieve), BWV 107 in Leipzig for the seventh Sunday after Trinity and first performed on 23 July 1724. The chorale cantata is based on Johann Heermann's hymn in seven stanzas "Was willst du dich betrüben" (1630).

Bach structured the cantata, the seventh work in his chorale cantata cycle, in seven movements: two framing choral movements, a recitative and an unusual sequence of four bipartite arias. He scored the work for three vocal soloists, a four-part choir, and a Baroque chamber ensemble of a horn to reinforce the hymn tune in the outer movements, two transverse flutes, two oboes d'amore, strings and continuo. It is the only known work from his chorale cantata cycle that kept the original words unchanged.

Da capo aria
The da capo aria (Italian pronunciation: [da (k)ˈkaːpo ˈaːrja]) is a musical form for arias that was prevalent in the Baroque era. It is sung by a soloist with the accompaniment of instruments, often a small orchestra. The da capo aria is very common in the musical genres of opera and oratorio. According to Randel, a number of Baroque composers (he lists A. Scarlatti, Hasse, Handel, Porpora, Leo, and Vinci) composed more than a thousand da capo arias during their careers.
Mobile metropolitan area
The Mobile Metropolitan Area comprises Mobile in the southwest corner of Alabama in the United States. As of the 2020 census the metropolitan area had a population of 430,197. The Mobile metropolitan area is the third-largest metropolitan area in the state of Alabama, after Birmingham and Huntsville.

Washington County was part of the Mobile metropolitan area but was removed when the OMB released its statistical definitions effective July 2023.

The Mobile Metropolitan Area and Daphne–Fairhope–Foley Metropolitan Area, which comprises all of Baldwin County, together make up the Mobile–Daphne–Fairhope Combined Statistical Area, with a population in 2020 of 661,964.

Huntsville metropolitan area
The Huntsville Metropolitan Statistical Area is a metropolitan statistical area on the northern border of Alabama. The metro area's principal city is Huntsville, and consists of two counties: Limestone and Madison. As of the 2020 United States census, the Huntsville Metropolitan Area's population was 491,723, making it the 2nd-largest metropolitan area in Alabama (behind only the Birmingham metropolitan area) and the 113th-largest in the United States.
Menlo Baths, California
Menlo Baths is a former settlement in Modoc County, California. It was located 4 miles (6.4 km) south-southeast of Eagleville, at an elevation of 4587 feet (1398 m).

The Menlo Baths were a hot springs resort community in the early twentieth century; the site burned in 1934.

Modoc County, California
Modoc County (/ˈmoʊdɒk/ ⓘ) is a county located in the far northeast corner of the U.S. state of California. Its population is 8,700 as of the 2020 census, down from 9,686 from the 2010 census. This makes it California's third-least-populous county. The county seat and only incorporated city is Alturas. Previous County seats include Lake City and Centerville. The county borders Nevada and Oregon. Much of Modoc County is federal land. Several federal agencies, including the United States Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, National Park Service, Bureau of Indian Affairs, and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, have employees assigned to the area, and their operations are a significant part of its economy and services. The county's official slogans include "The last best place" and "Where the West still lives".
Perseverance of the saints
Perseverance of the saints, sometimes called preservation of the saints, is a Calvinist doctrine that asserts that the elect will persevere in faith and ultimately attain salvation. This concept was first developed by Augustine of Hippo in the early 5th century, based on the idea of predestination by predeterminism. In the 16th century, John Calvin and other reformers incorporated this idea into their theological framework. The doctrine of the perseverance of the saints is rooted in this specific understanding of predestination and remains a central tenet of Reformed theology today.

Protestant Reformers
Protestant Reformers were theologians whose careers, works and actions brought about the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century.

In the context of the Reformation, Martin Luther was the first reformer, sharing his views publicly in 1517, followed by Andreas Karlstadt and Philip Melanchthon at Wittenberg, who promptly joined the new movement. In 1519, Huldrych Zwingli became the first reformer to express a form of the Reformed tradition.

Listed are the most influential reformers only. They are listed by movement, although some reformers influenced multiple movements and are included in each respective section.
Mountain River (Northwest Territories)
The Mountain River is a tributary of the Mackenzie River in Canada's Northwest Territories. Its source is in the Mackenzie Mountains close to the watershed border with Yukon. It flows eastward, joining the Mackenzie River just south of the Arctic Circle. The river flows about 370 km (230 mi), dropping over 1,200 m (3,900 ft) over its course, with large volume rapids, fast current, and six canyons. The upper half of the river is surrounded by mountains which reach heights of over 2,700 m (8,900 ft), with rock colours of buff, grey, cinnamon, green, and maroon. Wildlife includes caribou, moose, wolf, Dall sheep, grizzly bear, and black bear. It is considered an excellent but difficult wilderness canoeing river.

64°51′30″N 129°09′15″W﻿ / ﻿64.85833°N 129.15417°W﻿ / 64.85833; -129.15417

Canoeing
Canoeing is an activity which involves paddling a canoe with a single-bladed paddle. In some parts of Europe, canoeing refers to both canoeing and kayaking, with a canoe being called an 'open canoe' or 'Canadian'.

A few of the recreational forms of canoeing are canoe camping and canoe racing.  Other forms include a wide range of canoeing on lakes, rivers, oceans, ponds and streams.
Attipoe
Attipoe is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Emmanuel Attipoe, Ghanaian footballer

Felicia Edem Attipoe, Ghanaian female aircraft marshaller

Patrick Attipoe, Ghanaian ex-serviceman shot dead in the 1948 Accra riots

Philip Attipoe, Ghanaian sprinter

Richard Attipoé, Togolese politician

Patrick Attipoe
Corporal Patrick Attipoe (died 28 February 1948) was a Ghanaian ex-serviceman and veteran of World War II. He was one of the three veterans shot dead by Major Imray while on their way to present a petition to Sir Gerald Creasy who was Governor of Gold Coast at the time. The death of these three ex-servicemen led to the 1948 Accra Riots.

A bronze statue in commemoration of Attipoe was unveiled in 2018 in his hometown, Kpota, Anyako, in the Volta Region of Ghana.
Don Huffines
Donald Blaine Huffines (born April 26, 1958) is an American politician and businessman from the state of Texas. Huffines co-owns and operates Huffines Communities, a real estate development company in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. A conservative, Tea Party Republican, Huffines represented District 16 in the Texas Senate from 2015 to 2019. He lost his re-election campaign in 2018.

Huffines ran for Governor of Texas in the 2022 Republican primary, challenging incumbent Greg Abbott after the COVID-19 pandemic and government lockdowns.

Huffines founded the Huffines Liberty Foundation, a fiscally conservative Texas think-tank. Huffines has published numerous op-eds with the Foundation in the Houston Chronicle and Dallas Morning News on property taxes.

On March 7, 2025, Huffines announced his candidacy for Texas Comptroller.

Property tax
A property tax (whose rate is expressed as a percentage or per mille, also called millage) is an ad valorem tax on the value of a property.

The tax is levied by the governing authority of the jurisdiction in which the property is located. This can be a national government, a federated state, a county or other geographical region, or a municipality. Multiple jurisdictions may tax the same property.

Often a property tax is levied on real estate. It may be imposed annually or at the time of a real estate transaction, such as in real estate transfer tax. This tax can be contrasted with a rent tax, which is based on rental income or imputed rent, and a land value tax, which is a levy on the value of land, excluding the value of buildings and other improvements.

Under a property tax system, the government requires or performs an appraisal of the monetary value of each property, and tax is assessed in proportion to that value.
Research and development in Japan
As a global leader in the automotive, robotics, and electronics industries that has made significant contributions to science and technology, Japan has consistently prioritized research and development since the late 20th century in order to maintain its position at the forefront of technological developments.

Research and development became increasingly important to the Japanese economy through the 1970s and 1980s and obtained significant support from the Japanese government.

Relative to gross domestic product, Japan's research and development budget is the second highest in the world, with 867,000 researchers sharing a 19-trillion-yen research and development budget as of 2017.

Measures of national income and output
A variety of measures of national income and output are used in economics to estimate total economic activity in a country or region, including gross domestic product (GDP), Gross national income (GNI), net national income (NNI), and adjusted national income (NNI adjusted for natural resource depletion – also called as NNI at factor cost). All are specially concerned with counting the total amount of goods and services produced within the economy and by various sectors. The boundary is usually defined by geography or citizenship, and it is also defined as the total income of the nation and also restrict the goods and services that are counted. For instance, some measures count only goods & services that are exchanged for money, excluding bartered goods, while other measures may attempt to include bartered goods by imputing monetary values to them.
November 2012 San Francisco general election
The November 2012 San Francisco general elections were on November 6, 2012, in San Francisco, California. The elections included six seats to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, four seats to the San Francisco Board of Education, four seats to the San Francisco Community College Board, and seven San Francisco ballot measures.

Mayor of San Francisco
The mayor of the City and County of San Francisco is the head of the executive branch of the San Francisco city and county government. The officeholder has the duty to enforce city laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, the legislative branch. The mayor serves a four-year term and is limited to two successive terms. Because of San Francisco's status as a consolidated city-county, the mayor also serves as the head of government of the county; both entities have been governed together by a combined set of governing bodies since 1856.

There have been 45 individuals who have served as mayor in San Francisco since 1850, when California became a state following the American Conquest of California. Prior to the conquest, Californios served as Mayor of San Francisco during the Spanish and Mexican eras since 1779.

The current mayor is Democrat Daniel Lurie.
Cuges-les-Pins
Cuges-les-Pins (French pronunciation: [kyʒ le pɛ̃]; Occitan: Cuja), commonly referred to simply as Cuges, is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southern France. It is situated 27 km (17 mi) east of Marseille, on the departmental border with Var.

Southern France
Southern France, also known as the south of France or colloquially in French as le Midi, is a geographical area consisting of the regions of France that border the Atlantic Ocean south of the Marais Poitevin, Spain, the Mediterranean Sea and Italy. It includes southern Nouvelle-Aquitaine in the west, Occitania in the centre, the southern parts of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the northeast, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the southeast, as well as the island of Corsica in the southeast. Southern France is generally considered part of southern Europe because of its association with the Mediterranean Sea.

The colloquial French name for the region, le Midi, is derived from an Old French compound composed of mi ("middle")  and di ("day"), meaning literally "midday". Thus, the term is comparable in both origin and meaning to Mezzogiorno, which indicates southern Italy, and Romanian Miazăzi which is a synonym for south.
Joyful (Ayo album)
Joyful is the debut studio album by German singer and songwriter Ayọ, released on 12 June 2006 by Polydor Records. The album was recorded over five days in New York City with producer Jay Newland.

Joyful was particularly successful in France, where it peaked at number six on the albums chart and was certified double platinum by the Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique (SNEP). The album also reached number one in Poland, number five in Italy and number eight in Finland.

SNEP
SNEP (French: Syndicat national de l'édition phonographique, in English National Syndicate of Phonographic Publishing) is the inter-professional organisation that protects the interests of the French record industry. Originally known under the acronym SNICOP, the organisation was established in 1922 and has 48 member companies.

SNEP's responsibilities include collecting and distributing royalty payments for broadcast and performance, preventing copyright infringement of its members' works (including music piracy), and sales certification of silver, gold, platinum and diamond records and videos. SNEP also compiles weekly official charts of France's top-selling music, including singles and albums.
Sainte-Flavie
Sainte-Flavie (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t flavi]) is a parish municipality in the La Mitis Regional County Municipality of Quebec, Canada, located on the south shore of the Saint Lawrence River, about 3 km (2 mi) northwest of Mont-Joli. It is named after Flavia, a martyred saint.

Sainte-Flavie is the westernmost point of Route 132's loop around the Gaspé Peninsula at which the road intersects with itself.

Classification of municipalities in Quebec
The following is a list of the types of local and supralocal territorial units in Quebec, Canada, including those used solely for statistical purposes, as defined by the Ministry of Municipal Affairs, Regions and Land Occupancy and compiled by the Institut de la statistique du Québec

Not included are the urban agglomerations in Quebec, which, although they group together multiple municipalities, exercise only what are ordinarily local municipal powers.

A list of local municipal units in Quebec by regional county municipality can be found at List of municipalities in Quebec.
Carrie Nye
Carolyn Nye McGeoy (October 14, 1936 – July 14, 2006), known professionally as Carrie Nye, was an American actress. In her career spanning 32 years, she was nominated for a Tony Award in 1965, a Primetime Emmy Award in 1980, and a Drama Desk Award in 1981.

Tick Hall
Tick Hall was a historic house in Montauk, New York, originally built by Stanford White. It burnt down in 1997, with only the chimney left standing, and rebuilt by its owner Dick Cavett. It was reconstructed without written plans or formal architectural photos.

A documentary film about the rebuilding was directed by Scott Morris, called From The Ashes: The Life and Times of Tick Hall. It aired in 2003. Tick Hall was one of a group of seven houses designed by the architectural firm of McKim, Mead & White in 1879. The entire district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.
Faulstich
Faulstich is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edith Margaret Faulstich (1907–1972), American philatelist and philatelic journalist

Gerhard Faulstich, German baritone

Marga Faulstich (1915–1998), German glass chemist

Martin Faulstich (born 1957), German research scientist

Nikolaus Faulstich (1837–??)

Peter Faulstich (1946–2016)

Werner Faulstich (1946–2019)

Marga Faulstich
Marga Faulstich (16 June 1915 – 1 February 1998) was a German glass chemist. She worked for Schott AG for 44 years. During this time, she worked on more than 300 types of optical glasses. Forty patents were registered in her name. She was the first woman executive at Schott AG.
Exchange spring magnet
An exchange spring magnet is a magnetic material with high coercivity and high saturation properties derived from the exchange interaction between a hard magnetic material and a soft magnetic material, respectively.

Coehoorn et al. were the first able to observe an actual exchange spring magnet. Exchange spring magnets are cheaper than many magnets containing rare earth/transition metals (RE-TM Magnets), as the hard phase of the magnet (which commonly comprises RE-TM material) can be less than 15% of the overall magnet by volume.

Saturation (magnetic)
sheet steel

silicon steel

cast steel

tungsten steel

magnet steel

cast iron

nickel

cobalt

magnetite

Seen in some magnetic materials, saturation is the state reached when an increase in applied external magnetic field H cannot increase the magnetization of the material further, so the total magnetic flux density B more or less levels off. (Though, magnetization continues to increase very slowly with the field due to paramagnetism.) Saturation is a characteristic of ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials, such as iron, nickel, cobalt and their alloys.  Different ferromagnetic materials have different saturation levels.