hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2013 Moselle Open
The 2013 Moselle Open was a men's tennis tournament held in Metz, France and played on indoor hard courts. It was the 11th edition of the Moselle Open, and part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2013 ATP World Tour. It was held at the Parc des Expositions de Metz Métropole from 16 September until 22 September 2013. Second-seeded Gilles Simon won the singles title.

Moselle Open
The Moselle Open (formerly Open de Moselle from 2003 to 2010) was a professional tennis tournament held in the city of Metz and played on indoor hardcourts. It was part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the ATP Tour from 2003 until 2025. The venue for the tournament was Les Arènes de Metz from 2014 to 2025 and was previously the Parc des Expositions de Metz Métropole (from 2011 to 2013).

The tournament did not feature in the non-finalized 2026 ATP calendar announced in 2025, after it was announced that Metz will no longer conduct an ATP tournament in 2026 and going forward.
In 2025, the tournament was one of the three French events of the ATP Tour 250 series, along with the Open Occitanie and the Open 13.
Keladighat bridge
Keladighat Bridge is a motor-able bridge over Kali Gandaki river in Keladighat of Syangja District,  Gandaki Zone and Gandakidhik of Palpa District, Lumbini Zone, Western Region, Nepal. 166.6 meter long and 4.25 meter wide bridge is completed now.

Gandaki River
The Gandaki River, also known as the Narayani and Gandak, is one of the major rivers in Nepal and a left-bank tributary of the Ganges in India. Its total catchment area is 46,300 km2 (17,900 sq mi), most of it in Nepal. In the Nepal Himalayas, the Gandaki is notable for its deep canyon. The basin also contains three mountains over 8,000 m (26,000 ft), namely Dhaulagiri, Manaslu and Annapurna Massif. Dhaulagiri is the highest point of the Gandaki basin. In its upper reaches, the river is known as Kali Gandaki (or Gandaki) as it flows through the Mustang District and the famous Kali Gandaki Gorge in Nepal.  When the river reaches the Terai plains of Nepal, it is referred to as the Narayani River. This name change typically occurs near the confluence with the Trishuli River at Devghat in Chitwan. Upon entering India, the river is known as the Gandak River.
Clamorous reed warbler
The clamorous reed warbler (Acrocephalus stentoreus) is an Old World warbler in the genus Acrocephalus. It breeds from Egypt eastwards through Pakistan, Afghanistan and northernmost India to south China and southeast Asia. A. s. meridionalis is an endemic race in Sri Lanka.

Old World warbler
The Old World warblers are a large group of birds formerly grouped together in the bird family Sylviidae. They are not closely related to the New World warblers. The family held over 400 species in over 70 genera, and were the source of much taxonomic confusion. Two families were split out initially, the cisticolas into Cisticolidae and the kinglets into Regulidae. In the past 20–30 years they have been the subject of much research and many species are now placed into other families, including the Acrocephalidae, Cettiidae, Phylloscopidae, and Megaluridae. In addition some species have been moved into existing families or have not yet had their placement fully resolved. Only a small number of warblers, in just two genera, are now retained in the family Sylviidae.
Habaraduwa Electoral District
Habaraduwa electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between March 1960 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Habaraduwa in Galle District, Southern Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Habaraduwa electoral district was replaced by the Galle multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections.

Galle District
Galle (Sinhala: ගාල්ල දිස්ත්‍රික්කය gālla distrikkaya; Tamil: காலி மாவட்டம் Kāli māvattam) is a district in Southern Province, Sri Lanka. It is one of 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka.
Charles Lanaway
Charles Lanaway (16 March 1793 at Henfield, Sussex – 6 February 1870 at Brighton) was an English professional cricketer who played from 1825 to 1838.

A right-handed batsman and underarm bowler who was mainly associated with Sussex, he made 36 known appearances in important matches.  He represented the Players in the Gentlemen v Players series.

Henfield
Henfield is a large village and civil parish in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. It lies 41 miles (66 km) south of London, 12 miles (19 km) northwest of Brighton, and 30 miles (48 km) east northeast of the county town of Chichester at the road junction of the A281 and A2037. The parish has a land area of 4,285 acres (1,734.1 ha). In the 2001 census 5,012 people lived in 2,153 households, of whom 2,361 were economically active. Other nearby towns include Burgess Hill to the east and Shoreham-by-Sea to the south. The population at the 2011 Census was 5,349.

Just west of the village, the two branches of the River Adur, the western Adur and the eastern Adur, meet at Betley Bridge. From Henfield the Adur flows on into the English Channel at Shoreham-by-Sea.

Henfield was already a large village, of 52 households, at the time of Domesday (1086).
HIS-selective medium
HIS-selective medium is a type cell culture medium that lacks the amino acid histidine. It can be used with bacteria reliant on the expression of a gene encoding proteins involved in histidine expression in order to survive. Only bacteria expressing such genes (such as hisB in Escherichia coli and HIS3 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae) will survive on these media.

HIS3
The HIS3 gene, found in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, encodes a protein called Imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase which catalyses the sixth step in histidine biosynthesis.  It is analogous to hisB in Escherichia coli.
Czech heraldry
Czech heraldry was formed from 12th to 13th century by Premyslid dukes and kings of Bohemia, beginning with flaming eagle of Saint Wenceslaus on coins of Duke Frederick in 1179.

From 1526 to 1918, it was greatly influenced by Austrian heraldry since the country used to be a part of the Habsburg monarchy, and by German heraldry, but also shows Hungarian and Slavic influences.

Until 1621, armorial bearings could be registered at the Royal Court of Bohemia in Prague. Then, until the dissolution of Austria-Hungary in 1918, they were recorded in Vienna, from which present-day Czech Republic was ruled.

The double-tailed silver Bohemian lion is seen in many municipal arms in Bohemia but also in Moravia and in the surrounding countries in areas which used to be under the Bohemian crown. Among these are České Budějovice (Budweis), Hostomice, Karlovy Vary, Kolín, Kutná Hora in Bohemia, Slavkov u Brna in Moravia as well as Wrocław in Poland and Zittau in Germany.

Slavkov u Brna
Slavkov u Brna (Czech pronunciation: [ˈslafkof ˈu br̩na]; German: Austerlitz) is a town in Vyškov District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 7,300 inhabitants. The town gave its name to the Battle of Austerlitz, which took place several kilometres west of the town. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Stand-off dispute to the lands of Beauly Priory
The dispute over the lands of Beauly Priory took place in about 1577-78 in Beauly, Inverness-shire, Scottish Highlands. It was contested between Colin Cam Mackenzie, 11th of Kintail, chief of Clan Mackenzie and Thomas Fraser of Knockie who was the tutor to the young Simon Fraser, 6th Lord Lovat, chief of the Clan Fraser of Lovat. Fraser was supported by Robert Mor Munro, 15th Baron of Foulis.

Simon Fraser, 6th Lord Lovat
Simon Fraser, 6th Lord Lovat (1570–1633) was a Scottish courtier and landowner.

Simon Fraser was the son of Hugh Fraser, 5th Lord Lovat and Elizabeth Stewart daughter of John Stewart, 4th Earl of Atholl. He was born on 13 April 1570.
Flag and coat of arms of Moldavia
The flag and coat of arms of Moldavia, one of the two Danubian Principalities, together with Wallachia, which formed the basis for the Romanian state, were subject to numerous changes throughout their history.

Battle of Baia
The Battle of Baia (Romanian: Bătălia de la Baia; Hungarian: moldvabányai csata) was fought on December 15, 1467, between Moldavian prince Stephen the Great and the Hungarian king, Matthias Corvinus. Corvinus invaded Moldavia as a consequence of Stephen's annexation of Chilia—a fortress and harbour on the coast of the Black Sea—from Hungarian and Wallachian forces. It had belonged to Moldavia centuries earlier.
Oringi
Oringi is a small village on State Highway 2 and the Palmerston North–Gisborne line, in a rural area south of Dannevirke, in the Manawatū River valley, of the Manawatū-Whanganui region, with 177 people (2023 census) scattered over a 30 km2 (12 sq mi) area. A PPCS slaughterhouse closed in 2008, due to a reduction in sheep farming. The 57 ha (140 acres) freezing works closure caused 466 job losses. The works has been converted to a business park for Scanpower (Tararua's electricity distribution business) and other companies, employing about 200. Fonterra's (until 2001 Kiwi Co-operative Dairies) milk factory closed in January 2015, when production was transferred to its enlarged Pahiatua factory. The factory was demolished in 2016.

Silver Fern Farms
Silver Fern Farms Limited is a New Zealand multinational meat company. It is owned in equal partnership by Silver Fern Farms Co-op Ltd, a cooperative of 16,000 New Zealand sheep, cattle and deer farmers, and Shanghai Maling Aquarius Ltd. The company is New Zealand's largest livestock processing and marketing company. It has investments in manufacturing, meat processing, transport of livestock, export logistics and meat marketing, with associated companies including New Zealand and Australian Lamb Company Limited, The Lamb Co-Operative, Inc, Robotic Technologies Limited, Livestock Logistics Nationwide Limited, Kotahi Logistics LP, Ovine Automation Limited, FarmIQ Systems Ltd, Primary Collaboration NZ Ltd and the Red Meat Profit Partnership.
Sarah Davachi
Sarah Davachi (born 1987) is a Canadian composer and performer of electroacoustic and minimalist music. She is a pianist and an organist.

She is a graduate of the University of Calgary and holds a master's degree in electronic music and recording media from Mills College in Oakland, California. She has resided in Vancouver, British Columbia and Montreal, Quebec before relocating to Los Angeles, California in 2017 to pursue a PhD in Musicology at UCLA.

Davachi's music has been issued by numerous labels including Late Music, Superior Viaduct, Ba Da Bing, Recital, and Important Records.

Electroacoustic music
Electroacoustic music is a genre of Western art music in which composers use recording technology and audio signal processing to manipulate the timbres of acoustic sounds in the creation of pieces of music. It originated around the middle of the 20th century, following the incorporation of electronic sound production into formal compositional practice. The initial developments in electroacoustic music composition to fixed media during the 20th century are associated with the activities of the Groupe de recherches musicales at the ORTF in Paris, the home of musique concrète, the Studio for Electronic Music in Cologne, where the focus was on the composition of elektronische Musik, and the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center in New York City, where tape music, electronic music, and computer music were all explored. Practical electronic music instruments began to appear in the early 20th century.
John M. T. Ford
John M. T. Ford is an English general practitioner physician and president of the History of Medicine Society of the Royal Society of Medicine from 1987 to 1988. His writings on medical history include "Medical Indications for Taking the Waters of Tunbridge Wells" (1984) and "R. E. Ford CBE, MD, MRCP" (1995). He is active in the Worshipful Society of Apothecaries.

Worshipful Society of Apothecaries
The Society of Apothecaries of London is one of the livery companies of the City of London. It is one of the largest livery companies (with over 1,600 members in 2012) and ranks 58th in their order of precedence.

The Society is a member of the London Museums of Health & Medicine and its guild church is the Church of St Andrew-by-the-Wardrobe.
The Society's modern roles include educational, charitable and social activities, in addition to supporting the City of London, its governance and the Lord Mayor of the City of London.
Thomas Kaufman
Thomas Charles Kaufman is an American geneticist. He is known for his work on the zeste-white region of the Drosophila X chromosome. He is  currently a distinguished professor of biology at Indiana University, where he conducts his current research on Homeotic Genes in evolution and development.

Homeotic gene
Homeotic genes are genes which regulate the development of anatomical structures in various organisms such as echinoderms, insects, mammals, and plants. Homeotic genes often encode transcription factor proteins, and these proteins affect development by regulating downstream gene networks involved in body patterning.

Mutations in homeotic genes cause displaced body parts (homeosis), such as antennae growing at the posterior of the fly instead of at the head. Mutations that lead to development of ectopic structures are usually lethal.
Fano Messan
Fano Messan (18 February 1902 – 11 February 1998) was a French actress, sculptor, painter and model known for her collaboration with artists such as Luís Buñuel, Salvador Dalí, Man Ray, Kees Van Dongen and for her participation in the Parisian cultural scene of late 20's. She is also famous for her androgyny.

Man Ray
Man Ray (born Emmanuel Radnitzky; August 27, 1890 – November 18, 1976) was an American-born, French-naturalized visual artist who spent most of his career in Paris. He was a significant contributor to the Dada and Surrealist movements, although his ties to each were informal. He produced major works in a variety of media but considered himself a painter above all.

He was a photography innovator as well as a fashion and portrait photographer, and is noted for his work with photograms, which he called "rayographs" in reference to himself.
Cyantraniliprole
Cyantraniliprole is an insecticide of the diamide class (IRAC MoA group 28).   It shows strong activity on lepidoptera (caterpillars), and since it shows systemic activity, it is also active against sucking pests such as aphids and whitefly.

As part of an ongoing court dispute by the Center for Biological Diversity, in November 2022, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit ordered the United States Environmental Protection Agency to consider harms to plants and animals under the Endangered Species Act, and to put in place appropriate protections. The draft report by the EPA showed that cyantraniliprole is likely to adversely affect about 41% of endangered or threatened species.

Mode of action
In pharmacology and biochemistry, mode of action (MoA) describes a functional or anatomical change, resulting from the exposure of a living organism to a substance. In comparison, a mechanism of action (MOA) describes such changes at the molecular level.

A mode of action is important in classifying chemicals, as it represents an intermediate level of complexity in between molecular mechanisms and physiological outcomes, especially when the exact molecular target has not yet been elucidated or is subject to debate. A mechanism of action of a chemical could be "binding to DNA" while its broader mode of action would be "transcriptional regulation". However, there is no clear consensus and the term mode of action is also often used, especially in the study of pesticides, to describe molecular mechanisms such as action on specific nuclear receptors or enzymes. Despite this, there are classification attempts, such as the HRAC's classification to manage pesticide resistance.
Deschanel
The rare French surname Deschanel is probably for D'Eschanel, regional variant form of eschamel "stepladder", nickname of a trader. It is supposed to be from the region of Lyon, maybe in the Ain département. Notable people with the surname include:

A family of French politicians:

Émile Deschanel (1819–1904), French author and politician, and his son:
Paul Deschanel (1855–1922), 11th President of the French Republic

A family of French American artists:

Caleb Deschanel (born 1944), American cinematographer, and his daughters:
Emily Deschanel (born 1976), actress
Zooey Deschanel (born 1980), singer and actress

Mary Jo Deschanel (née Weir, born 1945), American actress

Caleb Deschanel
Joseph Caleb Deschanel (born September 21, 1944) is an American cinematographer and director of film and television. He has been nominated for the Academy Award for Best Cinematography six times. He is also a member of the National Film Preservation Board of the Library of Congress, representing the American Society of Cinematographers.

He has been married to actress Mary Jo Deschanel since 1972, with whom he has two daughters, actresses Emily and Zooey Deschanel.
Kareena Cuthbert
Kareena "Kaz" Cuthbert (née Marshall) was born 27 January 1987.
Cuthbert is a female field hockey player from Scotland. She has made over 150 appearances for the Women's National Team.

Marshall was born in Paisley and attended Greenock Academy then Glasgow School of Sport, Bellahouston Academy. She had initially been competing at badminton before concentrating on playing hockey. She studied at Glasgow Caledonian University, graduating with a BSc (hons) in Physiotherapy.

Marshall plays club hockey for Western Wildcats, based in Milngavie. She has played in the Commonwealth Games tournament in Dehli & 2018 Commonwealth Games Gold Coast.

Her brother William also plays hockey for Scotland and their mother Judith is a former England international.

Marshall works as a physiotherapist in Glasgow.

Hockey at the 2010 Commonwealth Games – Women's tournament
The Women's field hockey event for the 2010 Commonwealth Games was held at the Dhyan Chand National Stadium from 4–13 October 2010. The Gold medal was won by Australia, who defeated New Zealand 4–2 on penalty strokes after the match had finished 2–2. England won the bronze medal by defeating South Africa 1–0.
Ying Wa College
Ying Wa College (YWC, Chinese: 英華書院) is a directly subsidised boys' secondary school in Kowloon, Hong Kong. It was established in 1818 in Malacca as the Anglo-Chinese College by Robert Morrison, the first Protestant missionary to China, before being relocated to Hong Kong in 1843. With over 200 years of history, it is the oldest school in Hong Kong.

The College Deed, signed in 1821, outlined the school's mission as the reciprocal cultivation of English and Chinese literature as well as the diffusion of Christianity (促進中西方學術交流，並廣傳基督福音).

Bonham Road
Bonham Road (Chinese: 般咸道) is a main road in Mid-Levels West, Hong Kong, running in a mainly east-west direction. The road connects Pok Fu Lam Road in the west, near the University of Hong Kong, and Caine Road in the east, at the junction with Hospital Road and Seymour Road. It is named after Sir George Bonham, the third Governor of Hong Kong. It was renamed Nishi-Taisho Dori (西大正通) during the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong.
Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
The Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is a peer-reviewed scientific journal on electroanalytical chemistry, published by Elsevier twice per month. It was originally established in 1959 under the current name, but was known as the Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry  from 1967 to 1991. It is currently edited by X.-H. Xia (Nanjing University). The journal is associated with the International Society of Electrochemistry. While the journal is now published exclusively in English, earlier volumes sometimes published articles in French and German.

The journal, which The New York Times described as "a specialty publication not widely circulated" in 1990, became more broadly known in 1989 when Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons published a description of their controversial cold fusion research in it, withdrawing their work from publication in Nature after questions were raised during peer review there.

International Society of Electrochemistry
The International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE) is a global scientific society founded in 1949. The Head Office of ISE is located now in Lausanne, Switzerland. ISE is a Member Organization of IUPAC. The Society has now more than 1900 Individual Members, 15 Corporate Members (Universities and non-profit research organizations from Belgium, Croatia, Finland, Germany, India, Italy, New Zealand, Poland, Spain, Switzerland and Serbia) and 16 Corporate Sustaining Members. ISE has also 8 Divisions and Regional Representatives.

ISE's objectives are:

to advance electrochemical science and technology

to disseminate scientific and technological knowledge

to promote international cooperation in electrochemistry

to maintain a high professional standard among its members.
47th Karlovy Vary International Film Festival
The 47th Karlovy Vary International Film Festival took place from 29 June to 7 July 2012. The Crystal Globe was won by The Almost Man, a Norwegian comedy film directed by Martin Lund. The second prize, the Special Jury Prize was won by Piazza Fontana: The Italian Conspiracy, an Italian drama film directed by Marco Tullio Giordana.

The Last Step
The Last Step (Persian: پله آخر, romanized: Pelle âxar) is Ali Mosaffa's second feature film, following Portrait of a Lady Far Away (2005), featuring Leila Hatami, Ali Mosaffa, and Alireza Aghakhani. The screenplay was partly inspired by Leo Tolstoy's 1886 novella The Death of Ivan Ilyich and James Joyce's short story "The Dead". The film is considered one of the few independently produced features within Iranian cinema and gathered worldwide success after its world premiere at the 47th Karlovy Vary International Film Festival in July, 2012.
Ernesto Lomasti
Ernesto Luigi Lomasti (29 October 1959 – 12 June 1979) was an Italian mountaineer and alpino skier. He is regarded as one of the Italian pioneers of climbing as a sport. He died during training in the Valle d'Aosta, Arnad, in the local alpini training place called "la groviera" (the holey cheese), he fell apparently being struck by lightning. He is also remembered for techniques on the Machaby pillar, in Arnad, in May 1979. The pillar today is named Lomasti pillar.

Climbing
Climbing is the activity of using one's hands, feet, or other parts of the body to ascend a steep topographical object that can range from the world's tallest mountains (e.g. the eight thousanders) to small boulders. Climbing is done for locomotion, sporting recreation, for competition, and is also done in trades that rely on ascension, such as construction and military operations. Climbing is done indoors and outdoors, on natural surfaces (e.g. rock climbing and ice climbing), and on artificial surfaces (e.g. climbing walls and climbing gyms).