hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Mongiovino
The Battle of Mongiovino was a military engagement of the First War of Castro fought on 6 September 1643 between the Papal forces, commanded by Taddeo Barberini (nephew of Pope Urban VIII), and the forces of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, led by Mattias de' Medici, brother of Ferdinando II of Tuscany.

The battle took place near the village of Mongiovino, in the municipality of Panicale, approximately 38 kilometres (24 mi) from Perugia.

The people of Panicale, caught by surprise, allowed the Tuscan forces to enter their fortified town in an attempt to avoid worse outcomes, following advice from local notables.

Pope Urban VIII
Pope Urban VIII (Latin: Urbanus VIII; Italian: Urbano VIII; baptised 5 April 1568 – 29 July 1644), born Maffeo Vincenzo Barberini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 August 1623 to his death, in July 1644. As pope, he expanded the papal territory by force of arms and advantageous politicking, and was also a prominent patron of the arts, commissioning works from artists like Gian Lorenzo Bernini, and a reformer of Church missions. His papacy also covered 21 years of the Thirty Years' War.

The massive debts incurred during his pontificate greatly weakened his successors, who were unable to maintain the papacy's longstanding political and military influence in Europe. He was also an opponent of Copernicanism and was involved in the Galileo affair, which saw the astronomer tried for heresy. He is the last pope to date to take the papal name Urban.
Michelin Rally Masters: Race of Champions
Michelin Rally Masters: Race of Champions, also known as simply Rally Masters, is a racing video game developed by Digital Illusions CE and published by Infogrames in 2000 for Microsoft Windows and PlayStation. It is branded after the Race of Champions sporting event, and features 20 licensed rally automobiles.

DICE (company)
EA Digital Illusions CE AB (trade name: DICE) is a Swedish video game developer based in Stockholm. The company was founded in 1992 and has been a subsidiary of Electronic Arts since 2006. Its releases include the Battlefield, Mirror's Edge and Star Wars: Battlefront series. Through their Frostbite Labs division, the company also develops the Frostbite game engine.
Christ Episcopal Church and Cemetery (Napoleonville, Louisiana)
Christ Episcopal Church and Cemetery is a historic Episcopal church on Louisiana Highway 1 between Courthouse Street and Louisiana Highway 1008 in Napoleonville, Louisiana.  It was designed by New York City architect Frank Wills in a Gothic Revival style as if it were an English village church, but with adaptations for Louisiana materials.  It was built in 1853 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

It is located on the west bank of Bayou Lafourche on land donated by Dr. E. E. Kittredge for the church, on the corner of the former Elm Hall Plantation.

Bayou Lafourche
Bayou Lafourche (/ləˈfuːʃ/ lə-FOOSH), originally called Chetimachas River or La Fourche des Chetimaches (the fork of the Chitimacha), is a 106-mile-long (171 km) bayou in southeastern Louisiana, United States, that flows into the Gulf of Mexico. The bayou is flanked by Louisiana Highway 1 on the west and Louisiana Highway 308 on the east, and is known as "the longest Main Street in the world." It flows through parts of Ascension, Assumption, and Lafourche parishes. Today, approximately 300,000 Louisiana residents drink water drawn from the bayou.
Process design kit
A process design kit (PDK) is a set of files used within the semiconductor industry to model a fabrication process for the design tools used to design an integrated circuit. The PDK is created by the foundry defining a certain technology variation for their processes. It is then passed to their customers to use in the design process. The customers may enhance the PDK, tailoring it to their specific design styles and markets. The designers use the PDK to design, simulate, draw and verify the design before handing the design back to the foundry to produce chips. The data in the PDK is specific to the foundry's process variation and is chosen early in the design process, influenced by the market requirements for the chip. An accurate PDK will increase the chances of first-pass successful silicon.

LEF/DEF
LEF/DEF or Library Exchange Format and Design Exchange Format is an accepted standard representing the physical layout of an integrated circuit in an ASCII format. It is a pair of formats, LEF and DEF, commonly used in conjunction. They are supported by Cadence Design Systems and distributed by Si2 under the Apache-2.0 permissive free-software license. Their most common use is place and route (P&R) tools.

The DEF file contains all information related to the particular electronic circuit design: design constraints, layout, netlist. The LEF file contains library information related to cells and modules used in the design, as well as information about layers, vias, P&R boundary and some other information useful for P&R.

LEF and DEF were developed at Tangent Systems by Aki Fujimura for their place and route tools, which were bought by Cadence in 1989.
Cardiff Combination League
The Cardiff Combination Football League is a football league covering the city of Cardiff and surrounding areas in South Wales.  The leagues are at the seventh, eighth and ninth levels of the Welsh football league system.

The most successful club in the league's history is Caerau (Ely), with ten top division titles.

On 10 November 2016 it became the first local league to broadcast a live draw, doing so for its Milsom Harries Cup. In 2018 a match between Aberystwyth Exiles and Cathays Conservatives (won 4–1 by Cathays) was attended by John Hartson and Robbie Savage. They were there as part of the filming for the BT Sport Pub Cup, where the Exiles were set to represent the Four Elms pub in Roath.

Welsh football league system
The Welsh football league system (or pyramid) is a series of football leagues with regular promotion and relegation between them.

It consists of four main tiers, as well as lower local leagues.

While most Welsh clubs play in the Welsh pyramid and most clubs in that pyramid are Welsh, five Welsh clubs play in English leagues, and four English clubs play in Welsh leagues.
Inez Pijnenburg
W.R.J.M. "Inez" Pijnenburg-Adriaenssen  (born 13 May 1949) is a Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD).

Pijnenburg was a member of the States-Provincial of Gelderland from 1999 to 2002. She was an alderman of Arnhem from 2002 to 2006. From 2007 to 2008 she was acting mayor of Neder-Betuwe, and since 2008 she has been mayor of Heerde.

Neder-Betuwe
Neder-Betuwe (pronounced [ˌneːdər ˈbeːtyu.ə] ⓘ) is a municipality in the province of Gelderland, in the east of the Netherlands. On 1 April 2003, it was established as the new name of the redivided municipality of Kesteren. Neder-Betuwe counted 25,042 inhabitants on 1 January 2022.
Diliprao Shankarrao Bankar
Dilip Bankar (born 1964) is an Indian politician from Maharashtra. He is an MLA from Niphad Assembly constituency in Nashik District. He won the 2019, 2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election representing the Nationalist Congress Party.

Nashik district
Nashik district, formerly known as Nasik district, is a district in Maharashtra, India. The city of Nashik is the administrative headquarters of the district. Nashik is well known for the production of wine. Nashik is also known as Mini Maharashtra, because the climate and soil conditions of Surgana, Peth, Igatpuri resembles with Konkan. Niphad, Sinnar, Dindori, Baglan blocks are like Western Maharashtra and Yeola, Nandgaon, Chandwad blocks are like Vidarbha Region. Nashik is the biggest city in the district while Malegaon is the second biggest city. Manmad, Igatpuri, and Sinnar are some of the big cities situated in the Nashik District. Manmad is one of the biggest railway junctions in India while the city of Malegaon is famous for its powerloom.
Caulerpa urvilleana
Caulerpa urvilleana is a species of seaweed in the Caulerpaceae family.

The seaweed has a grass-green to dark-green thallus.

The species is found in tropical seas in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans. In Western Australia, it is found around the Dampier Archipelago.

Dampier Archipelago
The Dampier Archipelago is a group of 42 islands near the town of Dampier in Pilbara, Western Australia.

The archipelago is also made up of reefs, shoals, channels and straits and is the traditional home of five Aboriginal language groups. It was formed 7000 years ago when rising sea levels flooded what were once coastal plains. The underlying rocks are among the oldest on Earth, formed in the Archaean period more than 2.4 billion years ago.

It is named after William Dampier, an English buccaneer and explorer who visited in 1699. Dampier named one of the islands Rosemary Island.

Despite being a region through which considerable shipping and industrial activity occurs, the archipelago has considerable marine resources.
Davit Iashvili
Davit Iashvili (Ukrainian: Давіт Михайлович Іашвілі; Georgian: დავით იაშვილი; born 1 September 1992) is a Georgian-born Ukrainian former professional football defender.

Iashvili is a product of the youth team systems of RVUFK Kyiv. But he then signed a contract with FC Obolon in 2011. On 3 December 2012, he signed a 3.5-year deal with FC Dynamo Kyiv until 30 June 2016.

He was called up to play for the Ukraine national under-21 football team by trainer Pavlo Yakovenko in a friendly match against Denmark and Portugal in October 2012.

Ukraine national under-21 football team
The Ukraine national under-21 football team is also known as Youth [football] team of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Молодіжна збірна України) is one of junior national football teams of Ukraine for participation in under-21 international competitions. The team is managed by the Ukrainian Association of Football staff, committee of national teams. The team participates in qualifications to the Olympic competitions and the continental (UEFA) U-21 competitions.

Their first game the team played was on 28 October 1992. Its first competition the team entered in 1994 the qualification round for the 1996 European Under-21 Championship. The team has qualified for a tournament twice. The under-21s not only qualified for the 2006 European Under-21 Championship, but also reached the final, where they lost to Netherlands on 4 June 2006 by 3–0. The under-21s also qualified to the 2011 UEFA European Under-21 Championship that was held in Denmark.
Tanling ruqun
Tanling ruqun (Chinese: 坦領襦裙; pinyin: Tǎnlǐng rúqún; lit. 'Flat (or open-hearted) collar jacket skirt'), also known as Tan collar ruqun and U-collar ruqun, is a type of Hanfu which was developed under the influence of Hufu (most likely influenced by Qiuci); it is a form a kind of ruqun which typically consists of three parts, featuring a low-cut: 93–94  low-cut U-shaped collar upper inner garment with long sleeves, a U-shaped collar banbi upper outer garment with short sleeves, a long high-waisted skirt. It can also be adorned with a shawl, called pipo (Chinese: 披帛). It was a popular form of clothing attire in the Sui and Tang dynasty. In the 21st century, the Tanling ruqun re-appeared as a result of the Hanfu movement. The 21st century Tanling ruqun was developed by reproducing the original patterns of the historical tanling ruqun while being aligned with modern aesthetics.

Shawl
A shawl (from Persian: شال shāl) is a simple item of clothing, loosely worn over the shoulders, upper body and arms, and sometimes also over the head. It is usually a rectangular piece of cloth, but can also be square or triangular in shape. Other shapes include oblong shawls.
Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp (1917 film)
Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp is a 1917 American silent fantasy film directed by Chester and Sidney Franklin  and produced and distributed by Fox Film Corporation.

It is preserved in the George Eastman House, Cinemateca Do Museu De Arte Moderna and the Library of Congress.

Sidney Franklin (director)
Sidney Arnold Franklin (March 21, 1893 – May 18, 1972) was an American film director and producer. Franklin, like William C. deMille, specialized in adapting literary works or Broadway stage plays.

His brother Chester Franklin (1889–1954) also became a director during the silent film era, best known for directing the early Technicolor film The Toll of the Sea.

Franklin's work on radio included directing The Screen Guild Show in 1939.
Woody Bowman
Henry Woods "Woody" Bowman (December 31, 1941 – July 10, 2015) was an American politician and educator.

Born in Ravenna, Ohio, Bowman received his bachelor's degree in economic and physics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, his master's degree in public administration and his doctorate in economics from Syracuse University. Bowman moved to Chicago, Illinois and was an economist at the Federal Reserve Bank; he also taught economics at DePaul University and University of Chicago. Bowman served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1977 to 1991 and was a Democrat. Bowman then became chief financial officer for Cook County, Illinois. Bowman was killed in an automobile accident on Interstate Highway 94 near Mattawan, Michigan.

In 1990, Bowman unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for Illinois Comptroller.

Ravenna, Ohio
Ravenna is a city in Portage County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 11,323 at the 2020 census. It is located 15 miles (24 km) east of Akron. Formed from portions of Ravenna Township in the Connecticut Western Reserve, Ravenna was founded in 1799 and is named after the city of Ravenna, Italy. It is part of the Akron metropolitan area.
Kleijn
Kleijn is a Dutch surname meaning "small". The ij digraph is often replaced with a "y" ("Kleyn"). Notable people with the surname include:

Arvid de Kleijn (born 1994), Dutch racing cyclist

Eelke Kleijn (born 1983), Dutch producer and DJ

Jetty Kleijn (born 1955), Dutch computer scientist

Pieter Rudolph Kleijn (1785–1816), Dutch landscape painter, son of Antoinette Kleijn-Ockerse

Eelke Kleijn
Eelke van Kleijn (born 11 June 1983) is a Dutch producer and DJ from Rotterdam, Netherlands. He is known mostly for his electronic dance music and also produces music for other media, such as television series, commercials, movie trailers and animation.
Okuyan
Okuyan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kemal Okuyan (born 1962), Turkish politician

Melahat Okuyan (1924–2025), Turkish veterinary physician

Yaşar Okuyan (1950–2023), Turkish politician

Yaşar Okuyan
Yaşar Okuyan (28 August 1950, Yalova – 26 December 2023, Ankara) was a Turkish politician who served as an MP. Okuyan was born on 28 August 1950 and died of a lung disease on 26 December 2023 at the age of 73.
Erie–Torresdale station
Erie–Torresdale station is an elevated rapid transit station in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, served by SEPTA Metro L trains. It is located at the intersection of Kensington, Erie, and Torresdale avenues in the Juniata neighborhood of Northeast Philadelphia. The station is also served by SEPTA City Bus routes 3 and 56, both of which are former trolley lines.

Northeast Philadelphia
Northeast Philadelphia, nicknamed Northeast Philly, the Great Northeast, and known colloquially as simply "the Northeast", is a section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. According to the 2000 census, Northeast Philadelphia has a population of between 300,000 and 450,000, depending on how the area is defined. The Northeast is known as being home to a large and diverse working class population, including Polish, German, Jewish, Russian, African American, Brazilian, Puerto Rican, Dominican, Guatemalan, Ukrainian, Indian, Chinese, Irish, and Vietnamese neighborhoods.
Cabinet of Barack Obama
Barack Obama assumed office as the 44th president of the United States on January 20, 2009, and his term ended on January 20, 2017. The president has the authority to nominate members of his Cabinet to the United States Senate for confirmation under the Appointments Clause of the United States Constitution.

Before confirmation and during congressional hearings a high-level career member of an executive department heads this pre-confirmed cabinet on an acting basis. The Cabinet's creation was part of the transition of power following the 2008 presidential election.

This article documents the nomination and confirmation process for any successful or unsuccessful Cabinet nominees of the Obama administration. They are listed in order of creation of the Cabinet position (also used as the basis for the United States presidential line of succession).

United States Senate Committee on Finance
The United States Senate Committee on Finance (or, less formally, Senate Finance Committee) is a standing committee of the United States Senate. The committee concerns itself with matters relating to taxation and other revenue measures generally, and those relating to the insular possessions; bonded debt of the United States; customs, collection districts, and ports of entry and delivery; deposit of public moneys; general revenue sharing; health programs under the Social Security Act (notably Medicare and Medicaid) and health programs financed by a specific tax or trust fund; national social security; reciprocal trade agreements; tariff and import quotas, and related matters thereto; and the transportation of dutiable goods. It is considered to be one of the most powerful committees in Congress.
Baranya County Assembly
The Baranya County Council is the local legislative body of Baranya County in South-West Hungary. After the elections in 2019, it consists of 18 councillors, and is controlled by the Fidesz which has 12 councillors, versus 2 Jobbik, 2 Democratic Coalition, 1 MSZP and 1 Momentum Movement councillors.

Democratic Coalition (Hungary)
The Democratic Coalition (Hungarian: Demokratikus Koalíció [ˈdɛmokrɒtikuʃ ˈkoɒliːt͡sioː], DK [ˈdeːkaː]) is a social democratic and social-liberal political party in Hungary led by Klára Dobrev. Founded in 2010 by former prime minister Ferenc Gyurcsány as a faction within the Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP), the Democratic Coalition split from the MSZP on 22 October 2011 and became a separate party. It has fifteen MPs in the National Assembly and two MEPs in the European Parliament.
Soaékpé-Douédy
Soaékpé-Douédy is a village in western Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Guézon, Facobly Department, Guémon Region, Montagnes District.

Soaékpé-Douédy was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Guémon
Guémon Region (also known as Yémahin Region) is one of the 31 regions of Ivory Coast. Since its establishment in 2011, it has been one of three regions in Montagnes District. The seat of the region is Duékoué and the region's population in the 2021 census was 930,893.

Guémon is currently divided into four departments: Bangolo, Duékoué, Facobly, and Kouibly.
Fiction (Yoga Lin album)
Fiction, often stylized as fiction (Chinese: 大/小說家) is Taiwanese Mandopop artist Yoga Lin's fourth Mandarin studio album. It was released on 22 June 2012 by HIM International Music. It was ranked #1 in Taipei Times's list of top five Mandarin albums of 2012. Yoga Lin co-produced most songs on the album, and participated in the writing of the lyrics and mixing of the songs.

Taipei Times
The Taipei Times is an English-language print newspaper in Taiwan published by the Liberty Times Group. It was founded as Taiwan's third English-language newspaper on 15 June 1999, and as of 2018 it was the last remaining English-language paper there to still have a print edition.
Loop entropy
Loop entropy is the entropy lost upon bringing together two residues of a polymer within a prescribed distance.  For a single loop, the entropy varies logarithmically with the number of residues  in the loop

where  is the Boltzmann constant and  is a coefficient that depends on the properties of the polymer.  This entropy formula corresponds to a power-law distribution  for the probability of the residues contacting.

The loop entropy may also vary with the position of the contacting residues.  Residues near the ends of the polymer are more likely to contact (quantitatively, have a lower ) than those in the middle (i.e., far from the ends), primarily due to excluded volume effects.

Power law
In statistics, a power law is a functional relationship between two quantities, where a relative change in one quantity results in a relative change in the other quantity proportional to the change raised to a constant exponent: one quantity varies as a power of another. The change is independent of the initial size of those quantities.

For instance, the area of a square has a power law relationship with the length of its side, since if the length is doubled, the area is multiplied by 22, while if the length is tripled, the area is multiplied by 32, and so on.
Viscount of São Jorge
Viscount of São Jorge (Portuguese: Visconde de São Jorge) is a title was created by Carlos I of Portugal, by decree dated 7 November 1893, in the name of Adriano Auguto d´Oliveira, Knight of the Royal Household, Knight Commander of the Royal Military Order of Our Lady of Conception of Vila Viçosa. Adriano Auguto d´Oliveira married Eleanor Justine du Puy de Montbrun, daughter of the Marquess Lucien de Montbrun and the Marchioness Louise Amelie Marie Soulages de Saint-Marc. He lived in Paris and died in the same city without surviving descendants.

The title is associated with the noble house and estate of São Jorge situated in the Trás-os-Montes municipality of Azinhoso. It belonged in the 18th century (around 1740) to Tómas de Sá Pimentel Moraes Pinto d´Oliveira and his wife, D. Luiza Francisca de Moraes e Távora (from the Counts of São João da Pesqueira and later Marquesses of Távora), daughter of António Osório Pinto d´Oliveira de Moraes, Knight of the Royal Household.

Trás-os-Montes Province
Trás-os-Montes Province (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˌtɾaz uʒ ˈmõtɨʃ]) is one of the medieval provinces of Portugal.

The northern part is covered by Terras de Trás-os-Montes and Alto Tâmega, the southern by Douro Subregion.
2006 AIG Japan Open Tennis Championships
The 2006 AIG Japan Open Tennis Championships was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 33rd edition of the event known that year as the AIG Japan Open Tennis Championships, and was part of the International Series Gold of the 2006 ATP Tour, and of the Tier III Series of the 2006 WTA Tour. Both the men's and the women's events took place at the Ariake Coliseum in Tokyo, Japan, from 2 October through 8 October 2006. Roger Federer and Marion Bartoli won the singles titles.

ATP International Series Gold
ATP International Series Gold (known from 1990 to 1999 as the ATP Championship Series) was a series of professional tennis tournaments held internationally between 2000 and 2008 that were part of the ATP Tour. The tournaments were positioned below the ATP Masters Series, and above the ATP International Series in terms of prize money and ranking points available.

International Series Gold tournaments offered players cash prizes (purses from $755,000 to $1,426,250 as of 2008) and the ability to earn ATP ranking points. See Association of Tennis Professionals#ATP rankings for more details.

Effective in 2009, this series of tournaments became the ATP Tour 500, incorporating many of the same tournaments. The "500" represents the number of ATP ranking points earned by the winner of each event in the series.