hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Laurence Connolly
Laurence Connolly (1833 – 4 March 1908) was an Irish entrepreneur and politician.

Connolly was born in Louth. He worked for a time in his family's fruit merchant business in Dublin, before moving to Liverpool and setting up a similar business there. He later became a property developer.

He became active in Liverpool politics as a representative of the Irish Nationalist Party, becoming a member of Liverpool City Council. He was a personal friend of the party leader, Charles Stewart Parnell, who persuaded him to run for Parliament in South Longford, for which he was elected in 1885. In 1888, he resigned his seat, citing ill-health. There are no recorded contributions by him in the House of Commons.

He died in New Brighton in 1908.

Nationalist Party (Ireland)
The Nationalist Party was a term commonly used to describe a number of parliamentary political parties and constituency organisations supportive of Home Rule for Ireland from 1874 to 1922. It was also the name of the main Irish nationalist Nationalist Party in Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1978.
1984 St. Peter by-election
A by-election was held in the Barbadian constituency of the St. Peter on 19 July 1984, and then again on 22 November 1984, after the resignation of Barbados Labour Party member Walter Hinds who was the representative of the constituency in the House of Assembly of Barbados.

The election is notable for being held a second time after the result of the first election was declared null and void by the Supreme Court of Barbados, following BLP candidate Owen Arthur appealing the outcome, due to numerous errors made by election officials. While Democratic Labour Party member Sybil Leacock was declared the winner by one vote in the first election, after the second election, Arthur was declared the winner instead. It is the only time since independence that an election result was overturned.

Saint Peter (Barbados Parliament constituency)
Saint Peter is a constituency in the Saint Peter parish of Barbados. It was established in 1645 as one of the original eleven constituencies. Originally the constituency, like the other original ten, was represented by 2 members until 1971 when the single-member system was introduced. Since 2018, it has been represented in the House of Assembly of the Barbadian Parliament by Colin Jordan. Jordan is a member of the BLP.

Since at least the 1951 Barbadian general election, Saint Peter had been considered an electoral strong hold of the BLP who has represented the constituency since then with the exception of a brief period of time between 2014 and 2018 where long-time representative and former prime minister of Barbados Owen Arthur left the party to be an independent.
Károlyi Castle (Parádsasvár)
Károlyi Castle is a 19th-century castle located in Fehérvárcsurgó, Pétervására District, Heves County, Hungary. The castle was built in classicist and eclectic style by Count Gyula Károlyi, a descendant of the Károlyi family, and was designed by architect Miklós Ybl.

Pétervására District
Pétervására (Hungarian: Pétervásárai járás) is a district created in 2013 in the north-western part of Heves County. Pétervására is also the name of the town where the district seat is found. The district is located in the Northern Hungary Statistical Region.
Josué Jéhouda
Josué Jéhouda (born Koldriansky; March 19, 1892 – March 19, 1966) was a Swiss Zionist  writer and journalist.

Born in Russia, he fought in the Jewish Legion during World War I, and worked in the Zionist committee in Zürich up until the Balfour Declaration of 1917, founding the Revue juive magazine in Geneva.

He was author of the Histoire de la colonie juive de Genève 1843–1943 (1944), of the novel cycle La tragédie d'Israël (Miriam and De père en fils; 1927–1928), and of La Terre Promise (1926).

In the early 1910s, he boosted Panait Istrati's career by teaching him French and helping him during his illness.

In 1947, he was a delegate to the Seelisberg Conference.

He died on 19 March 1966 (the day of his 74th birthday) in Geneva.

Seelisberg Conference
The Seelisberg Conference, officially the International Emergency Conference on Anti-Semitism took place at Seelisberg in Central Switzerland from 30 July to 5 August 1947. The Conference was the Second Conference of  the International Council of Christians and Jews (ICCJ).

Its agenda included finding reasons for the anti-Semitism which existed even after World War II and developing measures to combat it.
Villa Gruber De Mari
Villa Gruber De Mari was built by the noble Genoese family De Mari in the second half of the 16th century in the suburban area between the Sant'Anna and San Rocchino walkways linking the center of the city to the New Walls, in the Castelletto neighborhood of Genoa, Italy. The villa includes a 16th-century guard tower and the 17th-century former private chapel, now the Abbatial Church of Santa Maria della Sanità. The villa is located in a panoramic position within a large park, which has been opened to the public after the villa was acquired by the Municipality of Genoa in the 20th century.

Castelletto (Genoa)
44°24′49″N 8°55′59″E﻿ / ﻿44.41361°N 8.93306°E﻿ / 44.41361; 8.93306

Castelletto is a residential quarter of Genoa, north-western Italy. It occupies a hilly area which, until the construction of the New Walls in the 17th century, was located outside of the city. The quarter is now part of the city's Municipio I Centro Est and comprises three urban units (Castelletto, Manin and San Nicola) which, as of 31 December 2010, had a total population of 28,857 combined.

The name, meaning "small castle" in Italian, comes from a fort overlooking the center of Genoa, recorded as early as the 10th century AD and dismantled in the late 19th century to make way to residential buildings and the panoramic belvedere in the so-called Spianata di Castelletto.
Aleksander Jaakson
Aleksander Jaakson (29 January 1892 – 2 October 1942) was an Estonian general and educator. After beginnings as a teacher in Türi, he served with the Imperial Russian Army in World War I, and was advanced to Staff Captain. During the disintegration of the Russian Republic in 1917, he returned home to establish a branch of the Estonian Defence League. He was a decorated participant in the Estonian War of Independence and later continued serving in the Estonian Defence Forces in various positions, including military education.

Jaakson was the Estonian Minister of Education from 1936 to 1939, contributing to the establishment of various institutions—including Tallinn Technical University and the Estonian Academy of Sciences. His final contributions were as the last Chief of Staff of the Estonian Army, in which capacity he served from 1939 to 1940, reaching the rank of major general. With the onset of Soviet occupation, he was arrested by NKVD in 1940 and killed at Kirov two years later.

Headquarters of the Estonian Defence Forces
The Headquarters of the Estonian Defence Forces is the working body of the Commander of the Estonian Defence Forces and joint staff of the Estonian Defence Forces. Its main tasks include supporting the activities of the Commander and Deputy Commander of the Defence Forces; planning the activities of the Defence Forces; advising, supervising, coordinating and controlling the activities of the Defence Forces units.
Saint-Michel-de-Plélan
Saint-Michel-de-Plélan (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ miʃɛl də plelɑ̃], literally Saint-Michel of Plélan; Breton: Sant-Mikael-Plelann) is a commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany in northwestern France.

Brittany (administrative region)
Brittany (French: Bretagne [bʁətaɲ] ⓘ; Breton: Breizh [brɛjs]; Gallo: Bertaèyn [bəʁtaɛɲ]) is an administrative region of Metropolitan France, comprising the departments of Côtes-d'Armor, Finistère, Ille-et-Vilaine, and Morbihan. Its capital and largest city is Rennes.

Bordered by the English Channel to the north, the Celtic Sea to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) to the south, Brittany's neighboring regions are Normandy to the northeast and Pays de la Loire to the southeast. It is one of two regions in Metropolitan France where all departments have direct access to the sea, the other being Corsica.

The region of Brittany is sometimes referred to as "administrative Brittany" in contrast to "historical Brittany" or "cultural Brittany", which also includes the Loire-Atlantique and whose potential reunification with the administrative region has been a subject of debate for decades.
Rango: Music from the Motion Picture
Rango: Music from the Motion Picture is the soundtrack to the Gore Verbinski-directed 2011 film of the same name released on February 28, 2011 by Anti- and Epitaph Records. The film is composed and arranged by Verbinski's frequent collaborator Hans Zimmer in his sixth collaboration with the director. In addition to Zimmer's score accompanying most of the album, it also featured songs performed by singer-songwriter Rick Garcia,  Latin rock band Los Lobos, and hardcore punk/industrial band Lard.

Gore Verbinski
Gregor Justin "Gore" Verbinski (born March 16, 1964) is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. He is best known for directing Mouse Hunt (1997), The Ring (2002), the first three Pirates of the Caribbean films, and Rango (2011).

For Rango, Verbinski won both the Academy Award and the BAFTA Award for Best Animated Film.
Closed category
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a closed category is a special kind of category.

In a locally small category, the external hom (x, y) maps a pair of objects to a set of morphisms. So in the category of sets, this is an object of the category itself. In the same vein, in a closed category, the (object of) morphisms from one object to another can be seen as lying inside the category. This is the internal hom [x, y].

Every closed category has a forgetful functor to the category of sets, which in particular takes the internal hom to the external hom.

Natural transformation
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a natural transformation provides a way of transforming one functor into another while respecting the internal structure (i.e., the composition of morphisms) of the categories involved. Hence, a natural transformation can be considered to be a "morphism of functors". Informally, the notion of a natural transformation states that a particular map between functors can be done consistently over an entire category.

Indeed, this intuition can be formalized to define so-called functor categories. Natural transformations are, after categories and functors, one of the most fundamental notions of category theory and consequently appear in the majority of its applications.
1985 Haitian constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Haiti on 22 July 1985. The amendments to the new constitution would restore multi-party politics, although only on the condition that all parties swore allegiance to President Jean-Claude Duvalier, as well as re-confirming Duvalier as President for Life and allowing him to single-handedly appoint the Prime Minister and his successor. The changes were reportedly approved by 99.98% of voters, although it was widely considered a sham and led to Duvalier being overthrown the following year.

President for life
President for life is a title assumed by or granted to some presidents to extend their tenure up until their death or retirement. The title sometimes confers on the holder the right to nominate or appoint a successor. The term is often used by political leaders that aspire to legitimize their absolute power.
Johnny McPhillips
Johnny McPhillips (born 13 April 1997) is a professional rugby union player who plays for US Carcassonne in France's Pro D2, the second division.  Between 2019 and 2021 he played 21 times for Leicester Tigers and between 2017 and 2019 he made 22 appearances for Ulster.. He represented Ireland U20 as fly-half as the side made the Junior World Cup Final in 2016.
Il devient champion de France de nationale avec l'US Carcassonne le
17 mai 2025 après avoir transformé l'essai dans les arrêts de jeu. Victoire 24 a 23 face à Chambéry.

2016 World Rugby Under 20 Championship
The 2016 World Rugby Under 20 Championship was the ninth annual international rugby union competition for Under 20 national teams. The event was organised in England by rugby's governing body, World Rugby. Twelve nations took part in the tournament, which was held at two venues in Greater Manchester—AJ Bell Stadium in Salford and Manchester City Academy Stadium in Manchester. New Zealand went into the tournament as defending champions. The competition was won by hosts England.
Tom Johnston (British politician)
Thomas Johnston CH PC FRSE (2 November 1881 – 5 September 1965) was a prominent Scottish socialist journalist who became a politician of the early 20th century, a member of the Labour Party, a member of parliament (MP) and government minister – usually with Cabinet responsibility for Scottish affairs. He was also a notable figure in the Friendly society movement in Scotland.

Friendly society
A friendly society (sometimes called a benefit society, mutual aid society, benevolent society, fraternal organization or ROSCA) is a mutual association for the purposes of insurance, pensions, savings or cooperative banking. It is a mutual organization or benefit society composed of a body of people who join together for a common financial or social purpose. Before modern insurance and the welfare state, friendly societies provided financial and social services to individuals, often according to their religious, political, or trade affiliations. These societies are still widespread in many parts of the developing world, where they are referred to as ROSCAs (rotating savings and credit associations), ASCAs (accumulating savings and credit associations), burial societies, chit funds, etc.
Seavington St. Mary SSSI, Somerset
Seavington St. Mary (grid reference ST400144) is a 0.3 hectare geological Site of Special Scientific Interest near the village of Seavington St Mary in Somerset, notified in 1971.

Extensive exposures through much of the Inferior Oolite. This is the most westerly outcrop of this formation in England. It is thus of considerable importance in interpreting the local stratigraphy and sedimentology in relation to the palaeogeography of south-west England in Middle Jurassic times. A valuable Aalenian - Bajocian locality affording a prime educational and research facility.

Middle Jurassic
The Middle Jurassic is the second epoch of the Jurassic Period. It lasted from about 174.1 to 161.5 million years ago. Fossils of land-dwelling animals, such as dinosaurs, from the Middle Jurassic are relatively rare, but geological formations containing land animal fossils include the Forest Marble Formation in England, the Kilmaluag Formation in Scotland, the Calcaire de Caen of France, the Daohugou Beds in China, the Itat Formation in Russia, the Tiourarén Formationof Niger, and the Isalo III Formation of western Madagascar. Rocks of the Middle Jurassic were formerly (until about 1980s) in Europe called Dogger or Brown Jurassic.
Universe (Masonic Lodge)
The Universe is a liberal Masonic lodge operating under the jurisdiction of the Grand Orient of Poland. Established in 2019 in Warsaw, it represents the first English-speaking Masonic lodge in Poland to admit candidates and visitors irrespective of their gender and ethnicity. The Lodge promotes the Freemasonic values of liberty, equality, and fraternity, welcoming all Freemasons regardless of background. Its primary mission is to serve as a safe harbour for worldwide Freemasons seeking the craft in Poland.

Grand Orient of Belgium
The Grand Orient of Belgium (French: Grand Orient de Belgique, Dutch: Grootoosten van Belgie; or G.O.B.) is a Belgian cupola of masonic lodges which is only accessible for men, and works in the basic three symbolic degrees of freemasonry.
Elias Samuel Cooper
Elias Samuel Cooper (5 November 1820 – 13 October 1862) was an American surgeon who founded the Stanford Medical School.

Cooper was born in the Quaker family of Jacob and Elizabeth Walls living in Somerville, Ohio. He graduated in medicine from St. Louis University. He then practiced in Peoria, Illinois as a surgeon. He moved to San Francisco in 1855 to practice and began a medical school in 1858 with diplomas issued by the University of the Pacific (Santa Clara). The first courses began on 12 May 1859. The early faculty included Cooper as professor of anatomy and surgery, R. Beverly Cole, J. Morrison, A. J. Bowie, Henry Gibbons and Levi Cooper Lane (Cooper's nephew). For some time after the death of Cooper, the school merged into the Toland School but in 1870 Lane and Gibbons resigned to restart the Cooper Medical College which began in 1882.

Stanford University School of Medicine
The Stanford University School of Medicine is the medical school of Stanford University and is located in Stanford, California, United States. It traces its roots to the Medical Department of the University of the Pacific, founded in San Francisco in 1858. This medical institution, then called Cooper Medical College, was acquired by Stanford in 1908. In 1959, the medical school moved to the Stanford campus near Palo Alto, California.

The School of Medicine, along with Stanford Health Care and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, is part of Stanford Medicine.
Storms in Africa
"Storms in Africa" is a song by Irish singer-songwriter Enya from her second studio album, Watermark (1988). A rearranged version with English lyrics called "Storms in Africa (Part II)" was included in some later pressings of Watermark and released as a single in May 1989 that reached number 41 on the UK Singles Chart.

The song was included on the soundtrack for the film Green Card (1990). For a time, the Australian airline Ansett Airlines used the song as its theme prior to its collapse in 2001.

Ansett Australia
Ansett Australia, originally Ansett Airways, was a major Australian airline group based in Melbourne, Victoria. The company operated domestically within Australia, and from the 1990s, to destinations in Asia. Following 65 years of operation, the airline went into administration in 2001 following a financial collapse and subsequent liquidation in 2002, subject to a deed of company arrangement. Ansett's last flight touched down on 5 March 2002.
John Boie
John Harry Antoine Boie (born February 11, 1991) is an American wheelchair basketball player and a member of the United States men's national wheelchair basketball team. He represented the United States at the 2020 Summer Paralympics.

Wheelchair basketball
Wheelchair basketball is a style of basketball played using a sports wheelchair. The International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (IWBF) is the governing body for this sport. It is recognized by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) as the sole competent authority in wheelchair basketball worldwide. FIBA has recognized IWBF under Article 53 of its General Statutes.

The IWBF has 95 National Organizations for Wheelchair Basketball (NOWBs) participating in wheelchair basketball throughout the world, with this number increasing each year. It is estimated that more than 100,000 people play wheelchair basketball from recreation to club play and as elite national team members.

Wheelchair basketball is included in the Paralympic Games. The Wheelchair Basketball World Championship is played two years after every Paralympic Games. Major competition in wheelchair basketball comes from Canada, Australia, the United States, Great Britain, the Netherlands, and Japan.
1957 SCCA National Sports Car Championship
The 1957 SCCA National Sports Car Championship season was the seventh season of the Sports Car Club of America's National Sports Car Championship. It began May 19, 1957, and ended November 17, 1957, after fifteen races.

Sports Car Club of America
The Sports Car Club of America (SCCA) is a non-profit American automobile club and sanctioning body supporting Autocross, Rallycross, HPDE, Time Trial, Road Racing, RoadRally, and Hill Climbs in the United States. Formed in 1944, it runs many programs for both amateur and professional racers.
Caleb Burhans
Caleb Burhans is an American composer, singer, and multi-instrumentalist in the contemporary/modern music scene.  He has been commissioned by Lincoln Center, Carnegie Hall, the Library of Congress, and the Kronos Quartet.  His works have been performed by ensembles such as the JACK Quartet, Roomful of Teeth, and eighth blackbird.  He is a founding member of Alarm Will Sound, Ensemble Signal, and the Wordless Music Orchestra.  He has worked with a diverse array of artists from Arcade Fire, The National, and Paul McCartney to Max Richter, Jóhann Jóhannsson, George Crumb, and Steve Reich.

Max Richter
Max Richter CBE (/ˈrɪxtər/; German: [ˈʁɪçtɐ]; born 22 March 1966) is a British composer and pianist. He works within postminimalist and contemporary classical styles. Richter is classically trained, having graduated in composition from the University of Edinburgh, the Royal Academy of Music in London, and studied with Luciano Berio in Italy.

Richter arranges, performs, and composes music for stage, opera, ballet, and screen. He has collaborated with other musicians, as well as with performance, installation, and media artists. He has recorded eight solo albums, and his music is widely used in cinema. As of December 2019, Richter has passed one billion streams and one million album sales.

Richter has been called a "major figure of contemporary music" and his work has been described as "transcending genres" by the former controller of BBC Radio 3, Alan Davey. In 2026, he was nominated for an Academy Award for his work on the soundtrack of Hamnet.
Gloria Chisum
Gloria Twine Chisum (born 1930 in Muskogee, Oklahoma) is an experimental psychologist who eventually became a board member of the American Psychological Association, among many other organizations. An expert in visual problems associated with the operation of high-performance aircraft, she developed eyewear to protect pilots' eyes in extreme conditions like sharp turns, lightning, or nuclear explosion.

Muskogee, Oklahoma
Muskogee (/məˈskoʊɡiː/) is the 13th-largest city in Oklahoma and is the county seat of Muskogee County.  It lies approximately 48 miles (77 km) southeast of Tulsa. The population of the city was 36,878 as of the 2020 census, a 6.0% decrease from 39,223 in 2010.
Pierre Amiot
Pierre Amiot (March 9, 1781 – January 31, 1839) was a farmer, businessman and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Surrey from 1813 to 1830 and then Verchères from 1830 to 1838 in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada.

He was born in Verchères, Quebec, the son of Joseph Amiot and Archange Brousseau. He was married twice: to Charlotte Brin in 1804 and to Marie-Archange Chagnon dit Larose in 1807. Amiot was a captain in the militia; he was removed from that post in 1827 because of his opposition to Governor George Ramsay, then reinstated in 1830 and removed again in 1837. In the legislative assembly, he supported the Parti canadien and then the Parti patriote and voted in favour of the Ninety-Two Resolutions. Amiot took part in the Battle of Saint-Charles in 1837 and was arrested in December of that year; he was released in July 1838 as part of a general amnesty. He died at Verchères at the age of 57.

George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie
General George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie, GCB (23 October 1770 – 21 March 1838), styled Lord Ramsay until 1787, was a British Army officer and colonial administrator. He served as the Governor of Nova Scotia from 1816 to 1820, Governor General of British North America (or governor general of Upper and Lower Canada) from 1820 to 1828, and Commander-in-Chief, India from 1820 to 1832. In turn, his son, James Andrew Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie, would later serve as Governor-General of India.