hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Christodoulou
Yiannakis Theophani "John" Christodoulou (born 24 May 1965) is a Monaco-based British Cypriot-born billionaire property developer and the owner of Yianis Group, a privately held company with a portfolio of residential, hotel, retail and leisure properties in the UK and Europe. His Yianis Group employs over 7,000 people in the UK alone. Through Yianis Group, Christodoulou is reportedly one of England's biggest freeholder landlords.

London Renters Union
The London Renters Union is a tenants' union in the United Kingdom founded in 2018. As of September 2024, the union represents over 7,000 members across London.

In the face of recession due to the COVID-19 pandemic, left-wing political group Momentum organised with tenants' unions such as the London Renters' Union, as well as ACORN, to educate renters about their tenancy rights and organise renters to fight evictions. Momentum began encouraging their supporters in to join the London Renters' Union in May 2020, and the campaign was in full swing by September.

Following the Scottish Parliament enacting the Cost of Living (Tenant Protection) (Scotland) Act 2022, the London Renters Union called for a similar law to be enacted in England. From 2024, the LRU has called for rent control laws to be enacted.
January 2016 Paris police station attack
On 7 January 2016 in Paris, a man wearing a fake explosive belt attacked police officers with a meat cleaver while shouting "Allahu Akbar!" He was shot and killed by officers when he failed to obey an order to stop.

The attempted attack took place on the first anniversary of the 2015 Charlie Hebdo shooting.

Takbir
The takbīr (Arabic: تَكْبِير [tak.biːr], lit. 'magnification [of God]') is the name for the Arabic phrase Allāhu ʾAkbar (Arabic: اللّٰهُ أَكْبَر [ʔaɫ.ɫaː.hu ʔak.bar] ⓘ, lit. 'God is the greatest [of everything]').

It is a common Arabic expression, used in various contexts by Muslims around the world: in formal salah (prayer), in the adhan (Islamic call to prayer), in Hajj, as an informal expression of faith, in times of distress or joy, or to express resolute determination or defiance. The phrase is the official motto of Iran and Iraq. It is also used by Orthodox Arab Christians as an expression of faith.
2019 Men's Asian Individual Squash Championships
The 2019 Men's Asian Individual Squash Championships is the men's edition of the 2019 Asian Individual Squash Championships, which serves as the individual Asian championship for squash players. The event took place at National Squash Centre in Kuala Lumpur from 1 to 5 May 2019.

KL Sports City
The KL Sports City (formerly known as Bukit Jalil National Sports Complex; Kompleks Sukan Negara in Malay) in Malaysia is the largest sports complex in the country. It is located in Bukit Jalil, 20 km south of Kuala Lumpur. Described as the "sports complex in a park", it was the only one of its kind in the country or region when it was fully developed. It was officially inaugurated by the then-Prime Minister of Malaysia Mahathir Mohamad on 11 July 1998 ahead of the 1998 Commonwealth Games in which it staged the Games' opening ceremony. The complex was upgraded to KL Sports City in 2017 for the 2017 Southeast Asian Games.
Darian Durant
Darian Bernard Durant (born August 19, 1982) is an American former professional football quarterback who played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) from 2006 to 2017. He played college football at the University of North Carolina. By the end of his college career, he held school records for completion percentage, touchdowns, passing yards, total offense and completions. Durant was signed as a free agent by the Saskatchewan Roughriders in 2006, and became the club's full-time starting quarterback in 2009. He was named a CFL West Division All-Star in 2009 and 2013. Durant was the starting quarterback when the Roughriders won the 101st Grey Cup in 2013 on their home field. Durant also played for the Montreal Alouettes in 2017. His brother Justin played in the National Football League as a linebacker.

2010 Saskatchewan Roughriders season
The 2010 Saskatchewan Roughriders season was the 53rd season for the team in the Canadian Football League. The Roughriders attempted to win their fourth Grey Cup championship, but they lost to the Montreal Alouettes. The Roughriders celebrated their 100th Anniversary this year, which included wearing retro black, silver and red uniforms, having a documentary made of the franchise and having the Canadian Mint release a specialized Roughrider loonie.
Susan Spungen
Susan Spungen is an American food writer, editor, and food stylist. Spungen was founding food editor and editorial director of food at Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, publisher of Martha Stewart Living magazine, from 1991 to 2003. She later published the books Recipes: A Collection for the Modern Cook (2005), What's a Hostess to Do? (2013), Open Kitchen (2020), and Veg Forward (2023), and worked as a culinary consultant for the films Julie & Julia and It's Complicated (both 2009), Eat Pray Love (2010), and Labor Day (2013).

Golf at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's individual
The men's individual was an event held as part of the golf programme at the 1904 Summer Olympics. It was the second time the event was held at the Olympics, though it took a much different format than the 1900 golf tournament. 75 golfers from two nations competed. The competition was held approximately 5.75 km north of the Olympic Stadium at Glen Echo Country Club from September 19 to 24, 1904. The event was won by George Lyon of Canada, one of three golfers not from the host United States. Lyon defeated American Chandler Egan in the final, giving Egan the silver medal. Americans Burt McKinnie and Francis Newton were the defeated semifinalists, each receiving bronze.
John T. Downey
John Thomas Downey or Jack Downey (April 19, 1930 – November 17, 2014) was an American judge and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) officer. As a CIA operative, he was shot down over China during the Korean War and was held prisoner for over twenty years. While Downey was never part of the US military, the CIA described him as the longest-held prisoner of war in United States history.

Downey also served on the Connecticut Superior Court and became Chief Administrative Judge for Juvenile Matters.

Chief Administrator of the Courts
The New York State Chief Administrator of the Courts (or Chief Administrative Judge of the Courts if a judge) oversees the administration and operation of the New York State Unified Court System. They are appointed by the Chief Judge of New York with the advice and consent of the Administrative Board of the Courts. They are assisted by the Office of Court Administration.
4th Gorkha Rifles
The 4th Gorkha Rifles or the Fourth Gorkha Rifles, abbreviated as 4 GR, is an infantry regiment of the Indian Army comprising Gurkha soldiers of Indian Gorkha or Nepalese nationality, especially Magars and Gurungs hill tribes of Nepal. The Fourth Gorkha Rifles has five infantry battalions. The regiment was raised in 1857 as part of the British Indian Army. In 1947, after India's independence, the Fourth Gurkha Rifles became part of the Indian Army as the Fourth Gorkha Rifles.

The regiment has seen action in wars in Africa, Europe and Asia, including the Second Afghan War, the Boxer Rebellion (China), World War I, and World War II. Since Independence, in 1947, the regiment has seen action in the India-Pakistan Wars of 1947–48, 1965, 1971, 1987, and 1999, and the Chinese aggression in 1962. The regiment has also participated in UN peace-keeping missions.

Nepalis
Nepali or Nepalese or Gorkhali (Nepali: नेपाली जनता) are the permanent citizens of Nepal under Nepali nationality law. The term Nepali strictly refers to nationality, meaning people holding citizenship of Nepal. Conversely, people without Nepalese citizenship but with roots in Nepal (such as Nepalese Australians), who speak Nepali or any of the other 128 Nepali languages but hold foreign citizenship, are referred to as Nepali-language Speaking Foreigners (Nepali: नेपाली भाषी विदेशी). The term Nepali is also not generally used to refer to non-citizen residents, dual citizens, or expatriates.

Nepal is a multicultural and multi-ethnic country. Bagmati Province is the most densely populated province, holding approximately 20.97 percent of Nepal's population.
A Cowboy's Work Is Never Done
"A Cowboy's Work is Never Done" is a song by pop duo Sonny and Cher from their album All I Ever Need Is You, written by Sonny Bono. It was released as a single in 1972 and peaked at No. 8 on the US Billboard Hot 100. Billboard ranked it at No. 71 on the 1972 year-end singles chart.

Sonny Bono
Salvatore Phillip "Sonny" Bono (/ˈboʊnoʊ/ BOH-noh; February 16, 1935 – January 5, 1998) was an American singer, songwriter, actor, and politician. In partnership with his second wife, Cher, he formed the singing duo Sonny & Cher. A member of the Republican Party, Bono served as the 16th mayor of Palm Springs, California, from 1988 to 1992, and served as the U.S. representative for California's 44th district from 1995 until his death in 1998.

The United States Copyright Term Extension Act of 1998, which extended the term of copyright by 20 years, was named in honor of Bono when it was passed by Congress nine months after his death. Mary Bono (his widow and successor in Congress) had been one of the original sponsors of the legislation, commonly known as the Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act.
Bride of Vengeance
Bride of Vengeance is a 1949 American historical drama film directed by Mitchell Leisen and starring Paulette Goddard, John Lund and Macdonald Carey. Produced and distributed by Paramount Pictures, it is set in the Italian Renaissance era. Ray Milland was originally cast in the film but refused the assignment, leading the studio to suspend him for ten weeks.

Cesare Borgia
Cesare Borgia (13 September 1475 – 13 March 1507) was an Italian cardinal deacon and later a condottiero, as well as a member of the Spanish House of Borgia. He was the illegitimate son of Pope Alexander VI and sibling to Lucrezia Borgia.

After initially entering the Church and becoming a cardinal on his father's election to the papacy, he resigned his diaconal profession after the death of his brother in 1498. He was employed as a condottiero for King Louis XII of France around 1500, and occupied both Milan and Naples during the Italian Wars. At the same time, he carved out a state for himself in Central Italy, but he was unable to retain power for long after his father's death. His quest for political power was a major inspiration for The Prince by the renowned Florentine historian, Niccolò Machiavelli.
Carl Hulse
Carl E. Hulse (born October 19, 1954) is the chief Washington correspondent for The New York Times and managing editor of First Draft, a political news stream and morning email newsletter.  His regular New York Times column "On Washington", described developments in Washington DC.  His writing has also appeared online with MSN, MSN UK, MSN Canada, and CNBC, and in the Sydney Morning Herald, Albany Business Review, Boston.com, The Economic Times, American City Business Journals, and Miami Herald.

American City Business Journals
American City Business Journals, Inc. (ACBJ) is an American newspaper publisher based in Charlotte, North Carolina. ACBJ publishes The Business Journals, which contains local business news for 44 markets in the United States with each market's edition named for that market, and also publishes Hemmings Motor News and Inside Lacrosse. The company is owned by Advance Publications and receives revenue from display advertising and classified advertising in its weekly newspaper and online advertising on its website and from a subscription business model.

The bizjournals.com website, using the overarching online title The Business Journal, contains local business news from various cities in the United States, along with an archive that contains more than 5 million business news articles published since 1996. As of August 2021, it receives over 3.6 million readers each week.
C. K. Thamizharasan
C. K. Tamilarasan is an Indian politician and was a member of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the K. V. Kuppam constituency. He represented the Republican Party of India party. He was made the Interim Speaker in the floor of Fourteenth Assembly.

The elections of 2016 resulted in his constituency being won by G. Loganathan.

Republican Party of India
The Republican Party of India (RPI, often called the Republican Party or simply Republican) was a political party in India. It had its roots in the All-India Scheduled Castes Federation led by N. Sivaraj and B. R. Ambedkar. The party established by Ambedkar in 1956 was to serve as an entry point to the Republican Party of India (RPI).
Polička Vas
Polička Vas (pronounced [pɔˈliːtʃka ˈʋaːs]; Slovene: Polička vas) is a settlement in the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice) in northeastern Slovenia. It lies in the Municipality of Pesnica. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

Slovene Hills
The Slovene Hills or the Slovenian Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice, German: Windische Bühel or Windische Büheln) is the largest hilly region of Slovenia, a smaller part is located in the Austrian province of Styria. It is situated in the northeast of the country and has an area of 1,017 square kilometres (393 sq mi). It comprises the Western Slovene Hills and the Eastern Slovene Hills (also named Prlekija). The region is known for its vineyards and wines. The central town and municipality is Lenart.
Majid Tavakoli
Majid Tavakoli (Persian: مجید توکلی; born 1986) is an Iranian student leader, human rights activist and political prisoner. He used to be a member of the Islamic Students' Association at Tehran's Amirkabir University of Technology, where he studied shipbuilding. He was arrested at least three times by the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence, during the student protests over the disputed Presidential Election of 2009. In response to allegations that he cross-dressed as a disguise to avoid arrest, a campaign protesting his imprisonment featured men posting photos of themselves wearing hijab.

He was arrested again during the Iranian protests following the death of Mahsa Amini in September 2022.

Ministry of Intelligence (Iran)
The Ministry of Intelligence of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: وزارت اطّلاعات جمهوری اسلامی ایران, romanized: Vezarat-e Ettela'at Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran), also known as Ministry of Intelligence and Security is the primary intelligence agency of Iran and a member of the Iran Intelligence Community. It was initially known as SAVAMA, after it took over the Shah's intelligence apparatus SAVAK. The ministry is one of the three "sovereign" ministerial bodies of Iran due to nature of its work at home and abroad.
People's Court (Soviet Union)
A people's court in the late Soviet Union was a court of first instance which handled the majority of civil and criminal offenses, as well as certain administrative law offenses.

The people's court handled cases by a collegium consisted of a people's judge and two people's assessors. The people's assessors had duties similar to jurors, but decided both any objections and the verdict along with the judge, unlike in most jury systems.

In early Soviet Russia and Soviet Union the term "people's court" was used in reference to any court in the new Soviet legal system which replaced the legal system of the Russian Empire. At these times there were several levels of courts, according to the administrative division of the country: local, okrug, and oblast people's courts.

Okrug
An okrug is a type of administrative division in some Slavic-speaking states. The word okrug is a loanword in English, alternatively translated as area, district, county, or region.

Etymologically, okrug literally means 'circuit', derived from Proto-Slavic *okrǫgъ, in turn from *ob- "around" + *krǫgъ "circle". In meaning, the word is similar to the German term Bezirk or Kreis ('district') and the French word arrondissement; all of which refer to something "encircled" or "surrounded".
E-micro
An E-micro is a futures contract traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) Globex electronic trading platform, that represents an even smaller fraction of the value of the normal futures contracts than the corresponding E-mini.

Currently, CME offers one E-micro stock market index contract, E-micro S&P CNX Nifty (Nifty 50) Futures, with a notional value of $2 x the S&P CNX Nifty index of Indian stocks, and E-micro contracts for a number of currency futures pegged against the US Dollar (AUD, CAD, CHF, EUR, GBP, JPY). E-micro gold futures contracts were introduced in October 2010.

On 11 March 2019 CME Group announced the launch of Micro E-mini futures on the S&P 500, Nasdaq-100, Russell 2000 and Dow Jones Industrial Average indexes. The new contracts will be one-tenth the size of existing E-mini futures, and are set to be available for trading in May 2019.

Stock market index
In finance, a stock market index or stock index is an index that measures the performance of a stock market, or of a subset of a stock market. It helps investors compare current stock price levels with past prices to calculate market performance.

Two of the primary criteria of an index are that it is investable and transparent: The methods of its construction are specified. Investors may be able to invest in a stock market index by buying an index fund, which is structured as either a mutual fund or an exchange-traded fund, and "tracks" an index. The difference between an index fund's performance and the index, if any, is called tracking error.
Olimjon Ashirov
Olimjon Masaliyevich Ashirov (Uzbek: Олимжон Масалиевич Аширов, Russian: Алим Масалиевич Аширов, Alim Ashirov; 25 January 1955 in Tashkent – 11 August 1979 in Dniprodzerzhynsk, Ukraine SSR) was a Soviet footballer.  Ashirov played for Pakhtakor Tashkent as a defender from 1972 to 1979. He was one of the FC Pakhtakor Tashkent members killed in the Dniprodzerzhynsk mid-air collision in August 1979.  He was classified as a Master of Sport of the USSR in 1979.

1979 Dniprodzerzhynsk mid-air collision
On 11 August 1979, a mid-air collision occurred over the Ukrainian SSR, near the city of Dniprodzerzhynsk (now Kamianske). The aircraft involved were both Tupolev Tu-134As on scheduled domestic passenger flights, operated by Aeroflot. All 178 people aboard both aircraft died in the accident.

The official Soviet aviation board investigation of the accident concluded that the crash was caused by "mistakes and violations" made by air traffic controllers.
Sherip Khimshiashvili
Şerif Bey, Sherip Khimshiashvili (Georgian: შერიფ ხიმშიაშვილი), or Prince and Duke Sherif (Russian: Шериф-бек Аджарский) (1829 or 7 January 1833 – 1892) was a Georgian nobleman (Beylerbeyi ) of the Khimshiashvili Dynasty from Adjara in the Ottoman service. He defected to the Russian Empire during the Russo-Turkish War (1877–78) and, thereby, was able to retain his property and accede to the rank of a general after the Russian takeover of Adjara.

Adjara
Adjara (Georgian: აჭარა Ach’ara [at͡ʃʼara] ⓘ) or Achara, officially known as the Autonomous Republic of Adjara (Georgian: აჭარის ავტონომიური რესპუბლიკა Ach’aris Avt’onomiuri Resp’ublik’a [atʃʼaris avtʼonomiuri respʼublikʼa] ⓘ), is a political-administrative region of Georgia. It is in the country's southwestern corner, on the coast of the Black Sea, near the foot of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains, north of Turkey. It is an important tourist destination and includes Georgia's second most populous city of Batumi as its capital. About 401,100 people live on its 2,880 km2 (1,110 sq mi).

Adjara is home to the Adjarians, a regional subgroup of Georgians. The name can be spelled in a number of ways: Ajara, Ajaria, Adjaria, Adzharia, Atchara and Achara. Under the Soviet Union, Adjara was part of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic as the Adjarian ASSR. The autonomous status of Adjara is guaranteed under article 6 of the Treaty of Kars.
Micheline Coulombe Saint-Marcoux
Micheline Coulombe Saint-Marcoux (9 August 1938 – 2 February 1985) was a Canadian composer and music educator who played an important role in the contemporary classical music scene of Canada and France from the late 1960s through the mid-1980s. An associate of the Canadian Music Centre, she was commissioned to write works by the Montreal Symphony Orchestra, the Canadian Broadcast Corporation, and the Quebec Contemporary Music Society.

Montreal Symphony Orchestra
The Montreal Symphony Orchestra (French: Orchestre symphonique de Montréal, or OSM) is a Canadian symphony orchestra based in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.  The orchestra’s home is the Montreal Symphony House at Place des Arts.
Five Creek
Five Creek is a westward flowing stream that rises in the city of Rohnert Park, California, United States and discharges to the Laguna de Santa Rosa. The creek is channelized as it flows through the city and runs in an artificially rectilinear fashion. Considered waters of the United States as a jurisdictional matter, Five Creek has potential habitat for the California red-legged frog and the Western pond turtle.

The name probably originated as a misreading of "Fire Creek," the name found on older maps.

California red-legged frog
The California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii) is a species of frog found in California (USA) and northern Baja California (Mexico). It was formerly considered a subspecies of the northern red-legged frog (Rana aurora). The frog is an IUCN near-threatened species as of 2021, has a NatureServe conservation status of Imperiled as of 2015, and is a federally listed threatened species of the United States that is protected by law.
The First Born (1928 film)
The First Born is a 1928 British silent drama film directed by Miles Mander and starring Mander, Madeleine Carroll, John Loder and Ella Atherton. It was made by Gainsborough Pictures at Elstree Studios. The film's sets were designed by the art director Wilfred Arnold.

Elstree Studios (Shenley Road)
Elstree Studios on Shenley Road, Borehamwood, Hertfordshire is a British film and television production centre operated by Elstree Film Studios Limited. One of several facilities historically referred to as Elstree Studios, the Shenley Road studios originally opened in 1926.

The studio complex has passed through many owners during its lifetime, and is now owned by Hertsmere Borough Council. Known as the studios used for filming Alfred Hitchcock's Blackmail (1929)—the first British talkie, Star Wars (1977),  The Shining (1980) and Indiana Jones, its largest stage is known as the George Lucas Soundstage 2 (15,770 sq ft), with the studios used both for film and television productions.

With the BBC Elstree Centre nearby, a number of the stages are leased to BBC Studioworks, and are used for recording television productions such as Strictly Come Dancing.
Belgian general strike of 1913
The general strike of 1913 (French: grève générale de 1913, Dutch: algemene staking van 1913) was a major general strike in Belgium. It was the third general strike aimed at forcing electoral reform and, like the general strike of 1902, was particularly aimed at ending the system of plural voting. It officially lasted between 14 and 24 April and brought out between 300,000 and 450,000 workers on strike. Despite its large participation, it was relatively peaceful.

General strike
A general strike (or mass strike) is a strike action in which a substantial proportion of the total labour force in a city, region, or country participates. General strikes are characterised by the participation of workers from a multitude of workplaces across different industries, and tend to involve entire communities. They are often used to strengthen the bargaining position of a trade union or achieve a common social or political goal. General strikes first occurred in the mid-19th century and have characterised many historically important strikes.