hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shyuvr
The shyuvr or shuvyr (chiabour in French sources, Russian: Шувыр) is a type of bagpipe of the Mari people, a Volga-Finnic people living in the Mari El Republic of central-western Russia. It is described as small bagpipe, consisting of a bag, a bone blowpipe, and two tubes of tin joined by a wooden sheath. The pipe is almost always played with the tumyr, a Mari drum.

An 1892 French work noted that the Mari had developed three instruments: a cithare (zither or cittern), bagpipe, and drum. A later English work makes a similar statement, saying that the Mari have two instruments unique to their culture: the kusle mult-stringed zither, and the shyuvr bagpipe.

Mari El
Mari El, officially the Mari El Republic, is a republic of Russia. It is in the European region of the country, along the northern bank of the Volga River, and administratively part of the Volga Federal District. The republic has a population of 696,459 (2010 Census). Yoshkar-Ola is the capital and largest city.

Mari El, one of Russia's ethnic republics, was established for the indigenous Mari people, a Finno-Ugric nation who have traditionally lived along the Volga and Kama Rivers. The majority of the republic's population are ethnic Russians (52.5%), with a significant Mari minority (40.1%), and smaller minority populations of Tatars and Chuvash. The official languages are Russian and Mari. Mari El is bordered by Nizhny Novgorod Oblast to the west, Kirov Oblast to the north, Tatarstan to the east, and Chuvashia to the south.
Chitinimonas
Chitinimonas is a genus of  Gram-negative, chitinolytic, rod-shaped bacteria which have flagella from the family Burkholderiaceae which belongs to the class  Betaproteobacteria. All species of Chitinimonas have been found in regions of Asia. Species of this genus are found to be both aerobic and anaerobic. Chitinimonas is optimally grown and cultured at 25 °C to 37 °C, with very little concentrations of NaCl.

Sodium chloride
Sodium chloride /ˌsoʊdiəm ˈklɔːraɪd/, commonly known as table salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic, and occurs as the mineral halite. In its edible form, it is commonly used as a condiment and food preservative. Large quantities of sodium chloride are used in many industrial processes, and it is a major source of sodium and chlorine compounds used as feedstocks for further chemical syntheses. Another major application of sodium chloride is de-icing of roadways in sub-freezing weather.
Peter Taylor (mayor)
Peter Colin Taylor (born April 1980) is a British Liberal Democrat politician who is the second Mayor of Watford. He was elected in the 2018 election, succeeding Dorothy Thornhill. He was re-elected as mayor in 2022. Taylor has also served as the Hertfordshire County Councillor for Central Watford and Oxhey since May 2025. He was a Watford Borough Councillor for Oxhey ward from 2012 to 2018, when he was elected Mayor.

2018 United Kingdom local elections
The 2018 United Kingdom local elections were held on Thursday 3 May 2018, with local council elections taking place in all 32 London boroughs, 34 metropolitan boroughs, 67 district and borough councils and 17 unitary authorities. There were also direct elections for the mayoralties of Hackney, Lewisham, Newham, Tower Hamlets and Watford.

With the exception of those areas that have had boundary changes, the seats up for election were last contested in the 2014 local elections.

A parliamentary by-election in West Tyrone took place the same day. Various other local by-elections also took place.
August (album)
August is the tenth solo studio album by the English rock musician Eric Clapton, released in 1986 by Duck Records/Warner Bros. Records. Described as a "hard R&B" album, it was primarily produced by Phil Collins, in association with longtime Clapton associate Tom Dowd.

Tom Dowd
Thomas John Dowd (October 20, 1925 – October 27, 2002) was an American recording engineer and producer for Atlantic Records. He was credited with innovating the multitrack recording method. Dowd worked on a veritable "who's who" of recordings that encompassed blues, jazz, pop, rock, and soul records.
Little Brown Jugette
The Little Brown Jugette is an American harness racing event for three-year-old fillies run annually since 1971 at the Delaware County Fairgrounds racetrack in Delaware, Ohio. It is the counterpart to the Little Brown Jug for colts.

John Campbell (harness racing)
John Duncan Campbell (born April 8, 1955, in Ailsa Craig, Ontario) is a retired Canadian harness racing driver. He earned induction into the U.S. Harness Racing Hall of Fame, the Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame, and Canada's Sports Hall of Fame.
Enterovirus 5′ cloverleaf cis-acting replication element
The Enterovirus 5′ cloverleaf cis-acting replication element is an RNA element found in the 5′ UTR of Enterovirus genomes. The element has a cloverleaf like secondary structure and is known to be a multifunctional cis-acting replication element (CRE), required for the initiation of negative strand RNA synthesis.

Five prime untranslated region
The five prime untranslated region (5′ UTR), or leader sequence, transcript leader, or leader RNA, is the region of a messenger RNA (mRNA) that is directly upstream from the initiation codon. This region is important for the regulation of translation of a transcript by differing mechanisms in viruses, prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Despite its name, the 5′ UTR, or a portion of it, is sometimes translated into a protein product. This product may involve in regulation of transcription, and translation of the main coding sequence of the mRNA, such as the sex-lethal gene in Drosophila. Regulatory elements within 5′ UTRs have also been linked to mRNA export. In many organisms, however, the 5′ UTR is completely untranslated, instead forming a complex secondary structure to regulate translation.
Elodina angulipennis
Elodina angulipennis (common pearl white) is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It is found along the north-eastern coast of Australia.

The wingspan is about 40 mm.

The larvae feed on various Capparaceae species, including Capparis arborea and
Capparis canescens. Full-grown larvae reach a length of about 20 mm. Pupation takes place in a green pupa.

Capparis arborea
Capparis arborea is a bush or small tree occurring in eastern Australia. Its habitat is rainforest, usually riverine, littoral or the drier rainforests. It is distributed from the Hunter River, New South Wales to Cape Melville in tropical Queensland. Common names include native pomegranate, wild lime, wild lemon and brush caper berry. Capparis arborea is a host plant for the caper white (Belenois java), which migrate across the eastern seaboard in large numbers in the summer. It also feeds the chalky white (Elodina parthia)
Shibli–Umm al-Ghanam
Shibli–Umm al-Ghanam (Arabic: الشبلي - أم الغنم, Hebrew: שִׁבְּלִי-אֻם אל-ג'נַם) is an Arab Bedouin town at the foot of Mount Tabor in Israel's Northern District. Originally called Arab al-Subayh (عرب الصبيح), In 2023 it had a population of 6,402.

Cistern
A cistern (from Middle English  cisterne; from Latin  cisterna, from  cista 'box'; from Ancient Greek  κίστη (kístē) 'basket') is a waterproof receptacle for holding liquids, usually water. Cisterns are often built to catch and store rainwater. To prevent leakage, the interior of the cistern is often lined with hydraulic plaster.

Cisterns are distinguished from wells by their waterproof linings. Modern cisterns range in capacity from a few liters to thousands of cubic meters, effectively forming covered reservoirs.
Alone for the First Time
Alone for the First Time is the second solo studio album by Canadian record producer Ryan Hemsworth. It was released on Last Gang Records and Secret Songs on November 4, 2014. Music videos were created for "Snow in Newark", "Too Long Here", and "Surrounded". The album was nominated for the 2015 Juno Award for Electronic Album of the Year.

Juno Award for Electronic Album of the Year
The Juno Award for Electronic Album of the Year is an annual award presented by the Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences for the best electronic album released in Canada. It has been awarded since 2011. The five nominees and eventual winner in the category are chosen by a panel of judges from the music industry across Canada.
Erriapus (deity)
Erriapus (also Eriapus) was a tutelary deity worshipped in southern Gaul.

Several inscriptions to the god are known. There was an important cult site to him at Saint-Béat (Haute-Garonne).

One image is known of him, a stone altar of the 2nd century CE found in Saint-Béat on which he is identified as D(eo) Erriape. In this image, he is depicted naked and with a club. His iconography shows the influence of the Roman god Silvanus.

He may be the protective deity of the Montagne d'Arrie in Saint-Béat (as Daniel Nony and Michel Labrousse suggest) or of a local spring (as Carole Billod suggests).

Haute-Garonne
Haute-Garonne (French pronunciation: [ot ɡaʁɔn]; Occitan: Nauta Garona, pronounced [ˈnawto ɡaˈɾuno]; Upper Garonne) is a department in the southwestern French region of Occitanie. Named after the river Garonne, which flows through the department. Its prefecture and main city is Toulouse, the country's fourth-largest. In 2019, it had a population of 1,400,039.
Namita
Namita is a given name. Notable people with the given name include:

Namita Kumari Chaudhary, Nepali politician

Namita Kumari Dali (born 1991), Nepalese footballer

Namita D'souza (born 2003), Indian-born cricketer

Namita Dubey, Indian actress

Namita Gokhale (born 1956), Indian fiction writer, editor, festival director, and publisher

Namita Gupta Wiggers, American expert in the field of contemporary craft, curator, educator, and writer

Namita Mundada (born 1989), Indian politician

Namita Saha, Indian politician

Namita Thapar (born 1977), Indian entrepreneur, business executive, and angel investor

Namita Toppo (born 1995), Indian field hockey player

Namita Waikar, Indian novelist, entrepreneur, and journalist

Namita Kumari Chaudhary
Namita Kumari Chaudhary is a Nepali politician and a member of the House of Representatives of the federal parliament of Nepal. She was elected under the proportional representation system from Nepali Congress. She is a member of the House Education and Health Committee. She is also a member of the parliamentary party executive committee of Nepali Congress. She is a member of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology in the shadow cabinet of Nepali Congress.
Never Give Up (Sia song)
"Never Give Up" is a song recorded by Sia, from the soundtrack of the Garth Davis-directed film, Lion (2016). Written by Sia and her producer Greg Kurstin, the song was released on 18 November 2016. It was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Song Written For Visual Media. It is an electropop ballad, with influences of Indian music.

Garth Davis
Garth Davis (born 1974) is an Australian television, advertising, and film director, best known for directing the films Lion (2016), and biblical drama Mary Magdalene (2018). He earlier directed episodes of the series Top of the Lake (2013).
Oiltanking
Oiltanking is a logistics service provider of tank terminals for petroleum products, chemicals, and gases. Founded in 1972, the company is a subsidiary of Marquard & Bahls AG and is headquartered in Hamburg, Germany. It owns and operates a total of 70 terminals in 23 countries with a total storage capacity of more than 20 million m3 (as of: September 2019).

Gas
Gas is a state of matter with neither fixed volume nor fixed shape. It is a compressible form of fluid, in contrast to a liquid. A pure gas consists of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), or molecules (e.g. oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide). Pure gases can also be mixed together such as in the air. What distinguishes gases from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation can make some gases invisible to the human observer.

The gaseous state of matter occurs between the liquid and plasma states, the latter of which provides the upper-temperature boundary for gases. Bounding the lower end of the temperature scale lie degenerative quantum gases which are gaining increasing attention.
High-density atomic gases super-cooled to very low temperatures are classified by their statistical behavior as either Bose gases or Fermi gases. For a comprehensive listing of these exotic states of matter, see list of states of matter.
Wendy Murray (artist)
Wendy Murray, (born 1974) is a New Zealand-Australian visual artist and arts educator, formerly known as Mini Graff, under which name she worked as an urban street-poster artist between 2003 and 2010. Murray's use of letraset transfers, accompanied with vibrant colours and fluorescent inks, references the work of studios from the 1960s through to the 1980s, including the community-based Earthworks Poster Collective and Redback Graphix.

Murray was born in New Zealand. She gained a Bachelor in Design from Massey University, New Zealand, in 1999 and, following a move to Australia, earned a Master of Fine Arts from the National Art School, Sydney, in 2014.

National Art School
The National Art School (NAS) is a tertiary level art school, located in Darlinghurst, an inner-city suburb of  Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The school is an independent accredited higher education provider offering specialised study in studio arts practice across various disciplines.

With its origins in the formation of Sydney Mechanics’ School of Arts in 1843, NAS has been in operation on the historic Darlinghurst Gaol site in East Sydney in various forms since 1922 and was formerly part of East Sydney Technical College, known as East Sydney Tech. Today NAS is a centre for education, research, scholarship and professional practice in the visual arts and related fields.
Balahovit
Balahovit (Armenian: Բալահովիտ, also Romanized as Balaovit; formerly until 1968, Mgub, Mekhub, and Mehub) is a village in the Kotayk Province of Armenia. The majority of the early settlers of the village immigrated in 1828-29 from Khoy and Salmast in present-day Iran, while some of the immigrants came from Bulankh. It was renamed Balahovit in 1968 at the request of an Armenian-American group, after one of the eight cantons (gavar) of Sophene in Greater Armenia, of the same name. The community has a school, house of culture, and a first aid station, as well as the site of Yerevan Veterinary Institute's experimental station. Balahovit had a kindergarten, but it was closed in July 2004 due to the deteriorating conditions of the educational facility. The local economy is heavily dependent on agriculture, based primarily on grain farming, orchard cultivation, and cattle-breeding. Balahovit has a small minority of Kurds (including Yazidis) and Russians.

Canton (administrative division)
A canton is a type of administrative division of a country.  In general, cantons are relatively small in terms of area and population when compared with other administrative divisions, such as counties, departments, or provinces. Internationally, the most politically important cantons are the Swiss cantons. As the constituents of the Swiss Confederation, theoretically and historically, they are semi-sovereign states.

The term is derived from the French word canton, meaning "corner" or "district" (from which "cantonment" is also derived).
WCML Television Tower Atlanta
The WCML-TV Tower Atlanta, also known as the WCMU-TV Tower Atlanta, was a 1,349.1-foot (411.21 m) tall guyed mast for the transmission of radio and television programs located 9.89 miles (15.91 km) north of the unincorporated city of Atlanta, Michigan in Montmorency Township.  The structure, owned by Central Michigan University, had been the tallest human construction in the state of Michigan from its completion in 1975 until its replacement with a newer, but shorter tower, standing 1,177 feet (358.8 m) tall, in 2010.  This tower was (as is the current tower) used by WCML-TV and WCML-FM, which are full time remote rebroadcasters of WCMU-TV and WCMU-FM respectively, as part of the WCMU Public Media network.  The new tower is not the tallest tower in Michigan with several being taller, including: WJMN-TV (at 1,252 feet (382 m)), WFQX-TV (at 1,290.4 feet (393.3 m)), and WEYI-TV  (at 1,322.9 feet (403.2 m)).

WCMU-TV
WCMU-TV (channel 14) is a PBS member television station in Mount Pleasant, Michigan, United States, owned by Central Michigan University. The station's studios are located at the Public Broadcast Center on the CMU campus on East Campus Drive in Mount Pleasant, and its transmitter is located 3 miles (5 km) west of Barryton, Michigan.

WCMU-TV operates three satellite stations: WCMW (channel 21) in Manistee (with transmitter northeast of Ludington), WCMV (channel 27) in Cadillac (with transmitter east of Kalkaska), and WCML (channel 6) in Alpena (with transmitter north of Atlanta, Michigan). Collectively branded as WCMU Public Media, the four stations cover an area spanning three television markets and small portions of several others.

Although Mount Pleasant is part of the Flint–Saginaw–Bay City market, the majority of WCMU Public Media's viewership is in the Traverse City–Cadillac and Alpena markets.
Zainiya
Az-Zainiya (Arabic: الزينيه, Coptic: ⲡⲓⲥⲟⲗⲥⲉⲗ pi-Solsel "the adornment") is a name given to two villages in the Luxor Governorate, Egypt – az-Zainiya Bahari (Arabic: الزينيه بحري, Coptic: ⲡⲓⲥⲟⲗⲥⲉⲗ ⲡⲉⲙϩⲓⲧ pi-Solsel Pemhit) and az-Zainiya Qibli (Arabic: الزينيه قبلي, Coptic: ⲡⲓⲥⲟⲗⲥⲉⲗ ⲫⲣⲏⲥ pi-Solsel Phres). The two villages were one of the last places where a variant of a colloquial Coptic language was spoken.

Luxor Governorate
Luxor (Arabic: محافظة الأقصر) has been one of Egypt's governorates since 7 December 2009, when former president Hosni Mubarak announced its separation from the Qena Governorate. It is located 635 km south of Cairo. It lies in Upper Egypt along the Nile. Luxor is the capital of the Luxor governorate, other important cities and tourist centers include Esna and Armant.
Show and Tell (Al Wilson album)
Show and Tell is an album by American soul singer, Al Wilson. Released in 1973, it includes the number one pop and top ten R&B hit title track, "Show and Tell". The album was arranged by H. B. Barnum with the cover photograph by Lamonte McLemore. The sleeve included the inscription, "Lovely ladies are Cisely Johnston and Carol Augustus. Thanks to Hal Blaine for the use of his 1927 Phantom I Rolls Royce".

Rolls-Royce Phantom I
The Rolls-Royce Phantom was Rolls-Royce's replacement for the original Silver Ghost. Introduced as the New Phantom in 1925, the Phantom had a larger engine than the Silver Ghost and used pushrod-operated overhead valves instead of the Silver Ghost's side valves.

The Phantom was built in Derby, England, and Springfield, Massachusetts, in the United States. There were several differences in specification between the English and American Phantoms.

The Phantom was replaced by the Phantom II in 1929. The designation Phantom I was never used by Rolls-Royce; it is a construct of enthusiasts applied to help distinguish it from other generations with the same model name.
Gwen Nagel
Gwendolyn Anne Nagel QSO (née Townsend; 20 May 1946 – 17 October 2009) was a New Zealand advocate for people with vision impairment, cricketer and international cricket umpire. She umpired in one Women's Test Match and three Women's One Day Internationals.

Women's Test cricket
Women's Test cricket is the longest format of women's cricket and is the female equivalent to men's Test cricket. Matches comprise four-innings and are held over a maximum of four days between two of the leading cricketing nations. The rules governing the format differ little from those for the men's game, with differences generally being technicalities surrounding umpiring and field size.

The first women's Test match was played by England women and Australia women in December 1934, a three-day contest held in Brisbane which England won by nine wickets. A total of 149 Women's Test matches have been played. Far fewer matches are played each year in favour of Women's One Day Internationals and Women's Twenty20 Internationals, with the international calendar revolving around the shorter formats of the game.
Insect-class gunboat
The Insect-class gunboats (or large China gunboats) were a class of small but well-armed Royal Navy ships designed for use in shallow rivers or inshore. They were intended for use on the Danube against Austria-Hungary (the China name was to disguise their function; however, they did see service on the Yangtze river in China). The first four ships—Gnat, Mantis, Moth and Tarantula—were first employed during the Mesopotamian Campaign of the First World War on the Euphrates and Tigris rivers.

Tigris
The Tigris (/ˈtaɪɡrɪs/ TY-griss; see below) is the eastern of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates. The river flows south from the mountains of the Armenian Highlands through the Syrian and Arabian Deserts, before merging with the Euphrates and reaching to the Persian Gulf.

The Tigris passes through historical cities such as Mosul, Tikrit, Samarra and Baghdad. It is also home to archaeological sites and ancient religious communities, including the Mandaeans, who use it for baptism. In ancient times the Tigris nurtured the Assyrian Empire, with remnants such as the relief of King Tiglath-Pileser.

Today the Tigris faces modern threats from geopolitical instability, dam projects, poor water management and climate change, leading to concerns about its sustainability. Efforts to protect and preserve the river's legacy are ongoing, with local archaeologists and activists working to safeguard its future.
United States Seated Liberty coinage
The Seated Liberty portrait designs appeared on most regular-issue silver United States coinage from 1836 through 1891. The denominations which featured the Goddess of Liberty in a Seated Liberty design included the half dime, the dime, the quarter, the half dollar, and until 1873 the silver dollar. Another coin that appeared exclusively in the Seated Liberty design was the twenty cent piece. This coin was produced from 1875 to 1878, and was discontinued because it looked very similar to the quarter. Seated Liberty coinage was minted at the main United States Mint in Philadelphia, as well as the branch mints in New Orleans, San Francisco, and Carson City.

Glossary of numismatics
This glossary of numismatics is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to numismatics and coin collecting, as well as sub-fields and related disciplines, with concise explanations for the beginner or professional.

Numismatics (Ancient Greek: νομισματική, meaning 'monetary') is the scientific study of money and its history in all its varied forms. While numismatists are often characterized as studying coins, the discipline also includes the study of other types of money, such as banknotes, stock certificates, medals, medallions, and tokens.

Sub-fields and related fields of numismatics include:

Exonumia, the study of coin-like objects such as token coins and medals, and other items used in place of legal currency or for commemoration.

Notaphily, the study of paper money or banknotes.

Philately, the study of postage stamps.

Scripophily, the study and collection of company share certificates and bonds.