hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jamda Shahi
Jamda Shahi is a village in Uttar Pradesh state of India. It is located in the Sau Ghat block of Basti district. The villages under the administration of Jamda Shahi gram panchayat include Jamda Shahi itself and Katesar.

The village is home to the Darul Uloom Alimia Jamda Shahi, a famous Islamic seminary in India, which has 1500 students as of 2014.

Basti district
Basti district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state, India, and a part of Basti Division. Basti city is the district headquarters.

The district is bordered by Sant Kabir Nagar to the east and Gonda to the west. To the south, the Ghaghara River forms its boundary with Ayodhya and Ambedkar Nagar, while to the north, it shares its boundary with Siddharth Nagar district. The district covers an area of 2,688 square kilometers.
Bagayevskaya
Bagayevskaya (Russian: Багаевская) is a rural locality (a stanitsa) and the administrative center of Bagayevsky District, Rostov Oblast, Russia. Population:  15,459 (2010 Census); 15,275 (2002 Census); 13,608 (1989 Soviet census).

Rostov Oblast
Rostov Oblast (Russian: Росто́вская о́бласть, romanized: Rostovskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [rɐˈstofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the Southern Federal District. The oblast has an area of 100,967 square kilometers (38,984 sq mi) and a population of 4,200,729 (2021 Census), making it the sixth most populous federal subject in Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Rostov-on-Don, which also became the administrative center of the Southern Federal District in 2002.
Aharonov–Jones–Landau algorithm
In computer science, the Aharonov–Jones–Landau (AJL) algorithm is an efficient quantum algorithm for obtaining an additive approximation of the Jones polynomial of a given link at an arbitrary root of unity. The algorithm was published in 2009 in a paper written by Dorit Aharonov, Vaughan Jones and Zeph Landau. The error in the additive approximation produced by the Aharonov–Jones–Landau algorithm depends on the input link. Finding an algorithm to additively or multiplicatively approximate the Jones polynomial in a way that the error does not depend on the input link is a #P-hard problem. The problem that the Aharonov–Jones–Landau problem solves is a BQP-complete problem.

♯P
In computational complexity theory, the complexity class #P (pronounced "sharp P" or, sometimes "number P" or "hash P") is the set of the counting problems associated with the decision problems in the set NP. More formally, #P is the class of function problems of the form "compute f(x)", where f is the number of accepting paths of a nondeterministic Turing machine running in polynomial time. Unlike most well-known complexity classes, it is not a class of decision problems but a class of function problems. The most difficult, representative problems of this class are #P-complete.
Tomb of Sidi Bel Kacem
The Tomb of Sidi Bel Kacem (Arabic: قبر سيدي أبو القاسم) or Qubba Sidi Ibrahim al-Shakdani (قبة سيدي إبراهيم الشكداني) or Boabdil's Tomb (قبر ابو عبد الله) is a historic memorial monument located in Fez, Morocco. It entombs the remains of a local mystic, Sidi Ibrahim al-Shakdani, as well as purportedly the last Nasrid ruler of Granada, Abu Abdallah Muhammad XII (also known as Boabdil). The small domed tomb (qubba) is located next to a local musalla outside Bab Mahrouk, a historic gate of Fes el Bali.

Qubba
A qubba (Arabic: قُبَّة, romanized: qubba(t), pl. قُباب qubāb), also transliterated as ḳubba, kubbet and koubba, is a cupola or domed structure, typically a tomb or shrine in Islamic architecture. In many regions, such as North Africa, the term qubba is applied commonly for the tomb of a local wali (local Muslim saint or marabout), and usually consists of a chamber covered by a dome or pyramidal cupola.
São Clemente (school)
The Grêmio Recreativo Escola de Samba São Clemente is a samba school from Rio de Janeiro, located in the Cidade Nova neighborhood, on Avenida Presidente Vargas.

The school became famous over the years for plots regarded as full of good humor, and sarcastic criticism of the most diverse themes. São Clemente also has sand beach soccer teams in various categories, commonly considered to be one of the few great teams of this sport that does not belong to the Copacabana-Leblon axis.

The constant oscillation between the main groups of carnival brought it the nickname of "yo-yo" school. Due to history lines panfletics of the 1980 the school also became known as the "PT of samba". In the current decade, however, the school has been trying to print a new style to make carnival.

With the fire of Cidade do Samba, the school succeeded to stay in the Special Group, doing some good fashion and betting on the old with the new, with Fábio Ricardo and with Rosa Magalhães.

Cidade do Samba
Cidade do Samba (Portuguese, Samba City), formally known as Cidade do Samba Joãosinho Trinta, is a complex of buildings in the neighborhood of Gamboa, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is used for Samba schools to prepare for carnival. About fourteen of the major samba schools have a warehouse in the complex.
Robert Sarah
Robert Sarah ([ʁɔbɛʁ saʁa]; born 15 June 1945) is a Guinean Catholic prelate who served as prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments from 23 November 2014 to 20 February 2021. He previously served as secretary of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples under Pope John Paul II and president of the Pontifical Council Cor Unum under Pope Benedict XVI. He was made a cardinal in 2010.

Prefect
Prefect (from the Latin praefectus, substantive adjectival form of praeficere: "put in front", meaning in charge) is a magisterial title of varying definition, but essentially refers to the leader of an administrative area.

A prefect's office, department, or area of control is called a prefecture, but in various post-Roman Empire cases there is a prefect without a prefecture or vice versa. The words "prefect" and "prefecture" are also used, more or less conventionally, to render analogous words in other languages, especially Romance languages.
Croatia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002
Croatia was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2002 with the song "Everything I Want", written by Milana Vlaović, and performed by Vesna Pisarović. The Croatian participating broadcaster, Croatian Radiotelevision (HRT), organised the national final Dora 2002 to select its entry for the contest. Twenty entries competed in the national final on 10 March 2002 and "Sasvim sigurna" performed by Vesna Pisarović was selected as the winner following the combination of votes from five regional juries, a six-member expert jury, a regional televote and an online vote. The song was later translated from Croatian to English for Eurovision and was titled "Everything I Want".

Croatia competed in the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 25 May 2002. Performing during the show in position 6, Croatia placed eleventh out of the 24 participating countries, scoring 44 points.

Duško Ćurlić
Duško Ćurlić (born 28 January 1968) is a Croatian actor and radio host for Croatian Radiotelevision (HRT).

Born in Zagreb, Ćurlić is best known for hosting the Croatian TV shows Ples sa zvijezdama, Zvijezde pjevaju and Kruške i jabuke. His roles in film and television include Bitange i princeze, Ljubav u zaleđu, Ne pitaj kako! and Iza stakla.

Ćurlić began his career as a radio host on Radio 101, hosting some of the most popular radio shows: Parlament show and Intervju tjedna.

He acts as a standard host of Dora—the Croatian pre-selection for the Eurovision Song Contest—as well as a commentator of the contest for HRT.
Shahranaz
Shahranaz (Arabic: شهرناز) is a Syrian town located in the Qalaat al-Madiq Subdistrict of the al-Suqaylabiyah District in Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Shahranaz had a population of 1,646 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

Qalaat al-Madiq Subdistrict
Qalaat al-Madiq Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية قلعة المضيق)  is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) located in al-Suqaylabiyah District in Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Qalaat al-Madiq Subdistrict had a population of 85,597 in the 2004 census.
Pioneer (locomotive)
Pioneer is the first railroad locomotive to operate in Chicago, Illinois. It was built in 1837 by Baldwin Locomotive Works for the Utica and Schenectady Railroad (U&S) in New York, then purchased used by William B. Ogden for the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad (G&CU, the oldest predecessor of Chicago and North Western Railway). The locomotive arrived in Chicago by schooner on October 10, 1848, and it pulled the first train westbound out of the city on October 25 that year.

Utica and Schenectady Railroad
The Utica and Schenectady Railroad was a railway company in the United States. It was incorporated in 1833 and opened a line between Utica and Schenectady, New York, in 1836. The railroad was consolidated with nine other railroads in 1853 to form the first New York Central Railroad.
Ricinocarpos trichophyllus
Ricinocarpos trichophyllus is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae and is endemic to north-western Australia. It is an open, slender, monoecious shrub with linear to narrowly oblong leaves, and flowers in a raceme with one female flower surrounded by two or three male flowers.

Monoecy
Monoecy (from Ancient Greek  μονοικία (monoikía) 'one household'; adj. monoecious), is a sexual system in seed plants where separate male and female cones or flowers are present on the same plant. It is a monomorphic sexual system comparable with gynomonoecy, andromonoecy and trimonoecy, and contrasted with dioecy where individual plants produce cones or flowers of only one sex, and with bisexual or hermaphroditic plants in which male and female gametes are produced in the same flower.

Monoecy often co-occurs with anemophily, because it prevents self-pollination of individual flowers and reduces the probability of self-pollination between male and female flowers on the same plant.: 32

Monoecy in angiosperms has been of interest for evolutionary biologists since Charles Darwin.
Rochelle Jones
Rochelle Peabody Jones (1945–2006) was a South Florida author and journalist, and former press secretary to Congressman Claude Pepper. Jones' books and articles are widely referenced in the Social Science and Policy Analysis fields. Jones wrote for many publications, including the Washington Post, The Nation, The Congressional Quarterly, and was a longtime reporter for People Magazine and contributed articles on health and medicine to CNN.com, WebMD, The New York Daily News, The St. Petersburg Times, and had reporting duties for Knight-Ridder/Tribune syndicated paper The Bradenton Herald. She also taught courses on writing.

Press secretary
A press secretary or press officer is a senior advisor who provides advice on how to deal with the news media and, using news management techniques, helps their employer to maintain a positive public image and avoid negative media coverage.
Liber Ignium
The Liber Ignium ad Comburendos Hostes (translated as On the Use of Fire to Conflagrate the Enemy, or Book of Fires for the Burning of Enemies, and abbreviated as Book of Fires) is a medieval collection of recipes for incendiary weapons, including Greek fire and gunpowder, written in Latin and allegedly written by a certain Marcus Graecus ("Mark the Greek")—a person whose existence is debated by scholars. The work has been subjected to numerous academic analyses, resulting in contradictory conclusions vis-a-vis origin and influence on its contemporaries.

One of the most influential studies of the Liber Ignium was conducted by Marcellin Berthelot which is cited in 20th century works on the topic.

Greek fire
Greek fire was an incendiary weapon system used by the Byzantine Empire from the seventh to the fourteenth centuries. The recipe for Greek fire was a closely-guarded state secret; historians have variously speculated that it was based on saltpeter, sulfur, or quicklime, but most modern scholars agree that it was based on petroleum mixed with resins, comparable in composition to modern napalm. Byzantine sailors would toss grenades loaded with Greek fire onto enemy ships or spray it from tubes. Its ability to burn on water made it an effective and destructive naval incendiary weapon, and rival powers tried unsuccessfully to copy the material.
Bratschen
Bratschen are weathering products that occur as a result of frost and aeolian corrasion almost exclusively on the calc-schists of the Upper Slate Mantle (Obere Schieferhülle) in the High Tauern mountains of Austria. The term is German but is used untranslated in English sources.

The calc-schist, which appears blue-gray when freshly broken, weathers to a yellow to brown colour and flakes off on the surface to form bratschen.

These form steep (up to 40°), rocky, almost unvegetated mountainsides with an odd and rough-textured surface, caused by wind erosion. Bratschen are found on the mountains such as the Fuscherkarkopf, the Großer Bärenkopf, the Kitzsteinhorn, the Schwerteck, or on the eponymous Bratschenköpfen.

Kitzsteinhorn
The Kitzsteinhorn is a mountain in the High Tauern range of the Central Eastern Alps in Austria. It is part of the Glockner Group and reaches a height of 3,203 m (10,509 ft) AA. The Kitzsteinhorn Glaciers are a popular ski area.
Nidhanpur copperplate inscription
The Nidhanpur copperplate inscription of the 7th-century Kamarupa king Bhaskaravarman gives a detailed account of land grants given to Brahmins. It records land grants to more than two hundred vaidika brahmanas belonging to 56 gotras. The copper plates were found mostly in Panchakhanda pargana (now in Bangladesh) where, according to historians, the actual granted lands were located. This kamrupi inscription contains the names of donees which are more than two hundred in numbers.

The inscriptions recorded by Bhaskaravarman in different parts of India provide a detailed account of his rule and associate events. It was customary among the kings of Kamarupa to issue seals for every major event related to the kingdom be they giving land grants to Brahmins or winning a war.

Kamarupi script
Kamarupi script (Kamrupi script, ancient Assamese script) was the script used in ancient Kamarupa from as early as 5th century to 13th century, from which the modern Assamese script eventually evolved. In the development of the Assamese script, this phase was followed by the medieval and then by the modern Assamese scripts.

Though the script development was in general agreement with the development in Bengal and Bihar, it had local peculiarities. The angular and calligraphic style of writing prevalent to its west is not found in this development.
Svetlana Golendova
Svetlana Golendova (born 25 July 1993) is a Kazakhstani sprinter. She competed in the women's 4 × 100 metres relay at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics. She was known as Svetlana Ivanchukova before her marriage to canoeist Ilya Golendov.

2017 World Championships in Athletics
The 2017 IAAF World Championships, the sixteenth edition of the IAAF World Championships, were held from 4 to 13 August at London Stadium in London, United Kingdom. London was officially awarded the championships on 11 November 2011.
Shoshin
Shoshin (Japanese: 初心) is a concept from Zen Buddhism meaning beginner's mind.  It refers to having an attitude of openness, eagerness, and lack of preconceptions when studying, even at an advanced level, just as a beginner would. The term is especially used in the study of Zen Buddhism and Japanese martial arts, and was popularized outside of Japan by Shunryū Suzuki's 1970 book Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind.

The practice of shoshin acts as a counter to the hubris and closed-mindedness often associated with thinking of oneself as an expert. This includes the Einstellung effect, where a person becomes so accustomed to a certain way of doing things that they do not consider or acknowledge new ideas or approaches. The word shoshin is a combination of sho (Japanese: 初), meaning "beginner" or "initial", and shin (Japanese: 心), meaning "mind".

Japanese martial arts
Japanese martial arts refers to the variety of martial arts native to the country of Japan. At least three Japanese terms (budō, bujutsu, and bugei) are used interchangeably with the English phrase Japanese martial arts.

The usage of the term budō (武道) to mean martial arts is a modern one: historically the term meant a way of life encompassing physical, spiritual and moral dimensions with a focus on self-improvement, fulfillment or personal growth. The terms bujutsu (武術) and bugei (武芸) have different meanings from budō, at least historically speaking. Bujutsu refers specifically to the practical application of martial tactics and techniques in actual combat. Bugei refers to the adaptation or refinement of those tactics and techniques to facilitate systematic instruction and dissemination within a formal learning environment.
Pewsey Vale, South Australia
Pewsey Vale is a locality east of the southern Barossa Valley in the western part of the Eden Valley of South Australia. It was first established as a sheep station pastoral run in the early years of the colony by Joseph Gilbert. Gilbert named his run Pewsey Vale in 1839 after the Vale of Pewsey in Wiltshire, England, where he was born. It was originally to be called Karrawatta, however this name was easily confused with the neighboring Tarrawatta.

Over the years, Gilbert planted grapevines and made wine, as well as running sheep at Pewsey Vale and other pastoral leases in the colony. The school and chapel were built by Gilbert in 1861, and the cemetery contains predominantly only Gilbert and his relatives.

The vineyards planted by William Gilbert were removed shortly after World War I. New vineyards were planted in the 1960s in conjunction with the Yalumba wine company.

Barossa Valley
The Barossa Valley (Barossa German: Barossa Tal) is a valley in South Australia located 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Adelaide city centre. The valley is formed by the North Para River. It is notable as a major wine-producing region and tourist destination.

The Barossa Valley Way is the main road through the valley, connecting the main towns on the valley floor of Nuriootpa, Tanunda, Rowland Flat and Lyndoch. The Barossa Trail walking and cycling path is 40 kilometres (25 mi) long, and passes the main towns, starting from near Gawler on the Adelaide Plains, to Angaston to the east of the valley.
Carlos Cariño
Carlos Augusto Cariño Medina (born 21 October 1977) is a Mexican former professional footballer and later manager of the Mexico national under-17 team.

He began his career at UNAM, where he played 75 games between 1995 and 2000. He later joined Santos Laguna, where he played 232 games between 2000 and 2006. He then played for Veracruz, Mérida, Tijuana, Atlante UTN, Neza, and finally Pumas Morelos; he retired in 2013. During his football career he played as a midfielder.

In 2016 he began his career on the bench, when he was named assistant in the U-13 team of Club América. In 2018, he took charge of the UNAM Liga TDP team. He later led various UNAM development teams.

In April 2022, Cariño was appointed interim manager of Pumas Tabasco, a team that plays in the Liga de Expansión MX. On May 19 he was confirmed in his position.

Venados F.C.
Venados Fútbol Club Yucatán, simplified as Venados FC, is a Mexican professional football club based in Mérida, Yucatán. It competes in Liga de Expansión MX, the second level division of Mexican football, and plays its home matches at the Estadio Carlos Iturralde. Founded in 1988 as Venados de Yucatán, the club changed its name several times throughout its history, first as Club Deportivo Atlético Yucatán (1997–2001, 2002–2003), then as Mérida Fútbol Club (2003–2011), Club de Fútbol Mérida (2011–2015) and finally changed to its current name in 2015.
Polideportivo Ciudad de Mercedes
Polideportivo Ciudad de Mercedes is a 2.970 km (1.845 mi) motorsports circuit located 5 km (3.1 mi) west of Mercedes, Uruguay. The circuit was opened on 2010, and renovated in 2023. The circuit hosts mainly national events of AUVO, however it also hosted Formula 4 Sudamericana and TC2000 Series events before. On 29 February 2024, it was announced that the circuit would host the 6th round of 2024 TCR South America season to commemorate the 400th anniversary of the founding of the nearby Villa Soriano town.

Mercedes, Uruguay
Mercedes (Spanish pronunciation: [meɾˈseðes]) is the capital and largest city of the department of Soriano in Uruguay. According to the census 2011, it is the tenth most populated city of the country.

Mercedes is an important centre of tourism, commerce and a commercial port. Its main industries are based on agriculture, dairy products, paper manufacturing and industrial activities. Its rambla (riverside promenade) is one of the widest in the country.
Rancho Capistrano
Rancho Capistrano, is a private, gated community surrounded by the Cleveland National Forest, in Riverside County, California.

It is located within the Morrell Potrero, in the Elsinore Mountains, northwest of Elsinore Peak.  The potrero, drained by Morrell Canyon Creek, a tributary of San Juan Creek, was originally the site of the Morrell Ranch.  It was developed as a gated community in 1969.

Morrell Canyon Creek
Morrell Canyon Creek is a stream or Arroyo, tributary to San Juan Creek, located in the Cleveland National Forest in Riverside County, California, at an elevation of 3,080 ft (939 m), in the Elsinore Mountains northeast of Elsinore Peak.  It arises on the eastern slope of San Mateo Peak.  An eastern fork draining the Morrell Potrero joins it a little over a mile north of its source and then flows northwestward about a third of a mile where it turns southeast descending the narrow Morrell Canyon east of Lion Spring.  After descending 2.5 miles it turns north for half a mile then returns to a southwestern direction for another mile, the canyon widening here until it turns northwestward and down a steep canyon again for half a mile where it takes in from the right Decker Canyon Creek and Long Canyon Creek.  It then turns southwestward again into a wider canyon and descends to its confluence with Bear Canyon Creek and becomes the head of San Juan Creek.
Irina Shevchenko
Irina Shevchenko, née Korotya (Russian: Ирина Шевченко; born 2 September 1975 in Frunze, Kyrgyz SSR) is a Russian hurdler.

Her personal best time is 12.67 seconds, achieved in July 2004 in Tula. She equalled this time in the 2004 Olympic semi final. Reaching the hurdles final at the 2004 Olympic Games, she fell after Perdita Felicien stumbled into her.

She did not compete during the 2000, 2002 or 2006 seasons.

She is coached by Valentin Maslakov and her husband Dmitriy Shevchenko.

Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic
The Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic (Kirghiz SSR) was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1936 to 1991. It was also known by the names Kyrgyzstan and Soviet Kyrgyzstan in the Kyrgyz language, as well as Kirghizia and Soviet Kirghizia in the Russian language. Landlocked and mountainous, it bordered Tajikistan and China to the south, Uzbekistan to the west and Kazakhstan to the north. The Kirghiz branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union governed the republic from 1936 until 1990.

On 30 October 1990, the Kirghiz SSR was renamed to the Socialist Republic of Kyrgyzstan; on 15 December, after declaring its state sovereignty, it was renamed again to the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. On 31 August 1991, it transformed into independent Kyrgyzstan.