hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tilia maximowicziana
Tilia maximowicziana is a species of flowering plant in the lime and linden genus Tilia, family Malvaceae. It is native to central and northern Japan, and Kunashir Island, the southernmost of the Kuril Islands. In the mountain forests of Hokkaido and northern Honshu it is often a dominant canopy species. A handsome tree, little planted outside its native range, it is available from commercial suppliers.

Malvaceae
Malvaceae (/mælˈveɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include cacao, cola, cotton, okra, roselle and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea (hollyhock), Malva (mallow), and Tilia (lime or linden tree). The genera with the largest numbers of species include Hibiscus (434 species), Pavonia (291 species), Sida (275 species), Ayenia (216 species), Dombeya (197 species), and Sterculia (181 species).
Gulamrza Sharifzade
Gulamrza Sharifzade also known as Gulamrza Sharifov (1884–1942), was an actor, director, publisher, and politician. He served as the director of the Azerbaijan State Theater in 1919–1920.

After the April occupation, he went into exile and became one of the founders of the Musavat Party's Tehran committee and an active member of the Azerbaijani Emigrants' Aid Society.

He was the elder brother of Abbas Mirza Sharifzade, an actor, director, and victim of repression.

Musavat
The Müsavat Party (Azerbaijani: Müsavat Firqəsi, from Arabic: مساواة musāwāt, lit. 'equality'  or 'parity') is the oldest existing political party in Azerbaijan. Its history can be divided into three periods: Early Musavat, Musavat-in-exile and New Musavat.

The party was prohibited from contesting the 1995 and 2000 parliamentary elections in Azerbaijan by the Heydar Aliyev regime. At the time, the party was one of major opposition parties in the country.
Slammin' Sammy
The nickname Slammin' Sammy can refer to :

Sam Snead (1912–2002), American golfer

Sammy Sosa (born 1968), Dominican Republican baseball player

Sammy Swindell (born 1955),  American race car driver

Samuel Dalembert (born 1981) Haitian basketball player

Sammy Miller (1945–2002), American race car driver

Sammy Swindell
Samuel Alan "Slammin Sammy" Swindell (born October 26, 1955) is an American sprint car driver. He is a three-time champion and four-time runner-up in the World of Outlaws series; he has also competed in NASCAR and Champ Car competition and attempted to qualify for the 1987 Indianapolis 500.
Scale (zoology)
In zoology, a scale (Ancient Greek: λεπίς, romanized: lepís; Latin: squāma) is a small rigid plate made out of keratin that grows out of vertebrate animals' skin to provide protection. In lepidopterans (butterflies and moths), scales are plates on the surface of the insect wing, made out of chitin instead of keratin, and provide coloration. Scales are quite common and have evolved multiple times through convergent evolution, with varying structure and function.

Scales are generally classified as part of an organism's integumentary system. There are various types of scales according to the shape and class of an animal.

Class (biology)
In biological taxonomy, class (Latin: classis) is  a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit (i.e., a taxon) in that rank. It is a group of related taxonomic orders. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class ranking between phylum and order.
Peter Corroon
Peter Maitland Corroon (born July 16, 1964) is an American politician, former Utah Democratic Party chair, and the former mayor of Salt Lake County, Utah. He was the unsuccessful Democratic nominee for governor in the 2010 election. Corroon is a first cousin to Howard Dean, former Vermont governor and former head of the Democratic National Committee.

Utah Democratic Party
The Utah Democratic Party (UDP) is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Utah.

It has minimal political power in the state.  It controls none of Utah's statewide or federal elected offices, and is in the superminority in both chambers of the Utah State Legislature. Democrats last received Utah's electoral votes in 1964.
Chrysanthemyl diphosphate synthase
In enzymology, a chrysanthemyl diphosphate synthase (EC 2.5.1.67) is an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of terpenoids. This enzyme is also known as CPPase. It catalyzes the chemical reaction shown below (color-coded to show how precursors link):

The substrate of CPPase is dimethylallyl diphosphate.  The two products are diphosphate and chrysanthemyl diphosphate.

This enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of pyrethrins, highly potent insecticides found in some flowers.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is dimethylallyl-diphosphate:dimethylallyl-diphosphate dimethylallyltransferase (chrysanthemyl-diphosphate-forming).

Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP; or alternatively, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMADP); also  isoprenyl pyrophosphate) is an isoprenoid precursor. It is a product of both the mevalonate pathway and the MEP pathway of isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis. It is an isomer of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and exists in virtually all life forms. The enzyme isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase catalyzes isomerization between DMAPP and IPP.

In the mevalonate pathway, DMAPP is synthesised from mevalonic acid. In contrast, DMAPP is synthesised from HMBPP in the MEP pathway.

At present, it is believed that there is crossover between the two pathways in organisms
that use both pathways to create terpenes and terpenoids, such as in plants, and that DMAPP is the crossover product.
Ercole Bernabei
Ercole Bernabei (Caprarola (Latium), 1622 – Munich, 5 December 1687) was an Italian composer, chapel master and organist.

Bernabei was born in Caprarola, and became a pupil of Orazio Benevoli in Rome. From 1653 he served as organist at San Luigi dei Francesi as successor of Luigi Rossi. In July 1665 Bernabei was appointed maestro di cappella at the Archbasilica of St. John Lateran. And from 1672 to 1674 he hold this post at the Cappella Giulia in St. Peter's Basilica thanks to the protection of Christina, Queen of Sweden.

In July 1674 Bernabei and his pupil Agostino Steffani moved to Munich, where he superseded Johann Caspar von Kerll as Hofkapellmeister of Ferdinand Maria duke of Bavaria and an elector (Kurfürst) of the Holy Roman Empire.

His daughter married another expatriate Italian musician, Gio Paolo Bombarda.

He was father to the composer Giuseppe Antonio Bernabei (Rome, 1649 – Munich, 9 March 1732).

Ercole Bernabei died in Munich on 5 December 1687.

Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria
Ferdinand Maria (31 October 1636 – 26 May 1679) was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 1651 to 1679. The Elector modernized the army and introduced Bavaria's first government code. Besides encouraging agriculture and industry, he also improved building and restoration works on churches and monasteries since the damage caused during the Thirty Years' War.
Bed and Breakfast (1938 film)
Bed and Breakfast is a 1938 British drama film directed by Walter West and starring Daphne Courtney, Barry Lupino and Frank Miller. It depicts the lives of the inhabitants in a boarding house. It was the last appearance of the silent star Mabel Poulton in a feature film as well as the last to be directed by West. The film was made at Southall Studios, with production beginning in May 1936.

Boarding house
A boarding house is a house (frequently a family home) in which lodgers rent one or more rooms on a nightly basis and sometimes for extended periods of weeks, months, or years. The common parts of the house are maintained, and some services, such as laundry and cleaning, may be supplied. It normally provides "room and board", with some meals as well as accommodation.

Lodgers legally obtain a licence, not exclusive possession, to use their rooms and so the landlord retains the right of access.
Amin AbdelNour Stadium
Amin AbdelNour Stadium (Arabic: ملعب أمين عبد النور الدولي), also known as Bhamdoun Municipal Stadium (Arabic: ملعب بحمدون البلدي), is a football field located in Bhamdoun, Lebanon. With a total capacity of 3,500, it is the home stadium of Akhaa Ahli Aley.

Akhaa Ahli Aley FC
Akhaa Ahli Aley Football Club (Arabic: نادي الإخاء الأهلي الرياضي عاليه, lit. 'National Brotherhood of Aley Sporting Club'), commonly referred to as Akhaa Ahli Aley, Akhaa Ahli or simply Akhaa, is a football club based in Aley, Lebanon, that competes in the Lebanese Second Division, and is primarily supported by the Druze community.

Akhaa have played in the Lebanese Premier League since 2010–11 season, after gaining promotion from the Lebanese Second Division. They won the Lebanese Challenge Cup in 2022. The club is supported by the Lebanese MP Arkram Chehayeb, who was the key person to ratify the merging of the two clubs Ahli and Akhaa in the city of Aley.
James Duckworth (rugby league)
James Duckworth (born 9 April 1994) is an English professional rugby league footballer who played on the wing for the Hunslet Hawks in Kingstone Press League 1.

Duckworth came through the Leeds Rhinos Academy. He played for the Leeds Rhinos, and the London Broncos in the Super League.

He has spent time on loan at Hunslet and Featherstone Rovers.

RFL League One
The Rugby Football League's League One (known as the Betfred League One) was the third-highest division of rugby league in Britain. It was also the lowest level of professional rugby league in Britain.

Introduced in 2003 as National League 2 it was the first time British rugby league had a third tier since the old Third and Second Divisions merged  in 1998. The league was rebranded as Championship 1 in 2009, then League 1 in 2015, and League One in 2022.

The league was disbanded at the conclusion of 2025 due to the merger of the Championship and League One for the 2026 season.
Thomas R. Cullen
Thomas Reid Cullen (January 19, 1904 – December 9, 1984) was a Canadian farmer and political figure on Prince Edward Island. He represented 2nd Kings in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island as a Liberal from 1943 to 1947 and from 1951 to 1955.

He was born in Hope River, Prince Edward Island, the son of Timothy Patrick Cullen and Frances Etta Landrigan, and was educated at Prince of Wales College and Saint Dunstan's College. Cullen taught school for several years. In 1928, he married Pearl Burke. Cullen served as speaker for the assembly from 1944 to 1947. He was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1947. He served as Clerk for the General Assembly from 1949 to 1959 and again from 1966 to 1978. Cullen died at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Charlottetown at the age of 80.

His brother Eugene also served as speaker for the assembly.

2nd Kings
2nd Kings was a provincial electoral district of Prince Edward Island, Canada, which elected two members to the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1873 to 1993.

The district comprised the northwestern portion of Kings County. It was abolished in 1996.
Simon Shackleton
Simon Shackleton is an English electronic music producer, composer, DJ, and performer. His music has appeared in films such as The Matrix, Arlington Road, Charlie's Angels, Titan A.E. and The Jackal, as well as in video games including MotorStorm, FIFA 2000, and Need for Speed: High Stakes.

Since 1996, Shackleton has produced and performed under aliases including "Elite Force", and received several awards including a 2011 Beatport Award for the highest selling breakbeat track of the year. In the same year, he won two International Breakbeat Awards (Breakspoll Awards) for Best Producer and Best Label (U&A Recordings). He previously ran the Fused & Bruised label (1996–2002), and has been described as a leading proponent of the Tech-Funk movement, which merges elements of house, electro, and breakbeat.

In the 2010s, he gained a reputation for extended DJ sets through his "One Series" events in the US and UK.

Arlington Road
Arlington Road is a 1999 neo-noir mystery thriller film directed by Mark Pellington and starring Jeff Bridges, Tim Robbins, Joan Cusack, and Hope Davis. The film tells the story of a widowed George Washington University professor who suspects his new neighbors are involved in terrorism and becomes obsessed with foiling their terrorist plot. The film was heavily inspired by the growing concern in the 1990s regarding the right-wing militia movement, Ruby Ridge, the Waco siege and Oklahoma City bombing.

Ehren Kruger wrote the script, which won the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences' (AMPAS) Nicholl Fellowship in 1996. The film originally was to have been released by PolyGram Filmed Entertainment, but the film's United States distribution rights were sold to Sony Pictures Entertainment for $6 million. The eventual release was the second title for Screen Gems (and its first wide theatrical release) while PolyGram (now part of Universal Studios) handled some foreign rights.
Michał Woś
Michał Piotr Woś (born 7 November 1991) is a Polish politician of Sovereign Poland serving as a member of the Sejm. He was first elected in the 2019 parliamentary election, and was re-elected in 2023. He served as deputy minister of justice from 2017 to 2018, minister for humanitarian aid in 2019, minister without portfolio from 2019 to 2020, minister of environment in 2020, and secretary of state in the Ministry of Justice from 2020 to 2023.

In May 2020, as environment minister Wos announced that the Polish government was considering a law to require NGOs to disclose foreign funding, because "Poles have a right to know whether they are indeed organisations that work in the interests of Poles". The proposed law was criticized by the opposition; critics argued that the government was trying to suppress criticism.

Ministry of Justice (Poland)
The Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Poland is one of the ministries of Poland.

The Ministry of Justice was established by the Decree of the Council of Ministers of 3 November 1999 on the creation of the Ministry of Justice.

The remit of the Minister of Justice is set out in the Ordinance of the President of the Council of Ministers of 13 December 2017 on the detailed scope of activities of the Minister of Justice.

The Ministry of Justice is a subsidiary office of the Minister of Justice, the chief government administration body responsible for the justice branch of government administration.

From 1956 to 1957, Zofia Wasilkowska was the first woman to serve as a Minister of Justice in Poland's history.

Each Minister of Justice between 1990 and 2010 and since 2016 has also been Public Prosecutor General.
Audrey Williamson (critic)
Audrey May Williamson (29 May 1913, Thornton Heath – 14 March 1986) was a British historical writer and "one of the most prolific theatre journalists of her time". In 1978, Williamson received the CWA Gold Dagger for Non-Fiction for The Mystery of the Princes.

Thornton Heath
Thornton Heath is a district of South London, England, within the London Borough of Croydon. It is around 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of the town of Croydon, and 7.2 miles (11.6 km) south of Charing Cross. Prior to the creation of Greater London in 1965, Thornton Heath was in the County Borough of Croydon.
Pyrazolopyridines
The pyrazolopyridines are a group of drugs investigated as anxiolytics which act as positive allosteric modulators of the GABAA receptor via the barbiturate binding site. They include the following compounds:

Cartazolate (SQ-65,396)

Etazolate (SQ-20,009)

ICI-190,622

Tracazolate (ICI-136,753)

Binding site
In biochemistry and molecular biology, a binding site is a region on a macromolecule such as a protein that binds to another molecule with specificity.  The binding partner of the macromolecule is often referred to as a ligand. Ligands may include other proteins (resulting in a protein–protein interaction), enzyme substrates, second messengers, hormones, or allosteric modulators.  The binding event is often, but not always, accompanied by a conformational change that alters the protein's function.  Binding to protein binding sites is most often reversible (transient and non-covalent), but can also be covalent reversible or irreversible.
2013 Nordic Junior World Ski Championships
The FIS Nordic Junior and U23 World Ski Championships 2013 took place in Liberec, Czech Republic from 20 January to 27 January 2013. It was the 36th Junior World Championships and the 8th Under-23 World Championships in nordic skiing.

Liberec
Liberec (Czech pronunciation: [ˈlɪbɛrɛts] ⓘ; German: Reichenberg) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 108,000 inhabitants, making it the fifth largest city in the country. It lies on the Lusatian Neisse River, in a basin surrounded by mountains. The city centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Liberec was once home to a thriving textile industry and hence nicknamed the "Manchester of Bohemia". A symbol of the city and the main landmark of the panorama of Liberec is the Ještěd Tower. Since the end of the 19th century, the city has been a conurbation with the suburb of Vratislavice nad Nisou and the neighbouring city of Jablonec nad Nisou.
Vanessa Herrick
Vanessa Anne Herrick (born 27 March 1958) is a retired Anglican priest who served as the Archdeacon of Harlow.

She was educated at the University of York; St John's College, Nottingham; Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge; and Ridley Hall, Cambridge. Herrick was ordained deacon in 1996, and priest in 1997. After a curacy in Bury St Edmunds she was a tutor at Ridley then Director of Mission and Vocation for the Diocese of Ely from 2003 until 2012. She was then Rector of Wimborne Minster from 2012 to 2015; and of the Northern Villages (Hinton Martell, Holt, Horton, Chalbury, Witchampton, Stanbridge, Long Crichel and More Crichel) until her appointment as Archdeacon of Harlow. She retired effective 31 March 2023.

Chalbury
Chalbury is a village in the English county of Dorset. It lies on the southern edge of Cranborne Chase within the Dorset unitary authority area of the county, four miles north of Wimborne Minster and four miles west of Verwood. The village is sited on Chalbury Hill, the view from which has been described as "one of the most fascinating in the county". The Dorset broadcaster Ralph Wightman wrote of the hill and its view:

"Here there is a hill which is only three hundred feet high but which manages to give a wonderful view over woodland, heath, fertile chalk and the distant Isle of Wight. This feeling of immense space seen from relatively small hills is a blessed peculiarity of Dorset."

The village has a population of 140 (2001). Journalist Mary Frances Billington was born at Chalbury in 1862, while her father was the rector at All Saints' Church.
The Sorrows of Satan (1917 film)
The Sorrows of Satan is a 1917 British silent fantasy film directed by Alexander Butler and starring Gladys Cooper, Owen Nares and Cecil Humphreys. Made at Isleworth Studios, and based on the novel of the same name, the plot involves a poverty-stricken author so depressed that he agrees to sell his soul to the Devil.

The 1895 novel by Marie Corelli depicted the Devil sympathetically, a controversial choice that spurred significant sales. In the commercially successful film adaptation, Satan appears as a handsome, wealthy prince.

Marie Corelli
Mary Mackay (1 May 1855 – 21 April 1924), also called Minnie Mackey and known by her pseudonym Marie Corelli (/kəˈrɛli/, also UK: /kɒˈ-/, US: /kɔːˈ-, koʊˈ-/), was an English novelist.

From the appearance of her first novel A Romance of Two Worlds in 1886, she became a bestselling fiction-writer, her works were largely concerned with Christianity, reincarnation, astral projection and mysticism. Yet despite her many distinguished patrons, she was often ridiculed by critics. Corelli lived her later years in Stratford-upon-Avon, whose historic buildings she fought hard to preserve.
Transnistria conflict
The Transnistria conflict (Romanian: Conflictul din Transnistria; Russian: Приднестровский конфликт, romanized: Pridnestrovsky konflikt; Ukrainian: Придністровський конфлікт, romanized: Prydnistrovskyi konflikt) is an ongoing frozen conflict between Moldova and the unrecognized state of Transnistria. Its most active phase was the Transnistria War. There have been several unsuccessful attempts to resolve the conflict. The conflict may be considered to have started on 2 September 1990, when Transnistria made a formal sovereignty declaration from Moldova (then part of the Soviet Union).

Transnistria is internationally recognized as a part of Moldova. It has diplomatic recognition only from two Russian-backed separatist states: Abkhazia and South Ossetia.

Varnița, Anenii Noi
Varnița is a village in the Anenii Noi District, in south-eastern Moldova, located near Bender (Tighina). It is also considered a suburb of Bender.

After the 1992 War of Transnistria, Varnița remained controlled by the government of the Republic of Moldova, while the city of Bender is controlled by the authorities of Transnistria.
Battle of Cefn Digoll
The Battle of Cefn Digoll, also known as the Battle of the Long Mynd was fought in 630 at Long Mountain near Welshpool in modern-day Wales. The battle was fought between the Northumbrian army of King Edwin of Northumbria and an anti-Northumbrian alliance between King Cadwallon of Gwynedd and Penda of Mercia.: 71  The battle ended the Northumbrian domination of Gwynedd, and preceded a Welsh campaign into Northumbria, which led to Edwin's death at the Battle of Hatfield Chase.

Welshpool
Welshpool (Welsh: Y Trallwng ⓘ) is a market town and community in Powys, Wales, historically in the county of Montgomeryshire. The town is four miles (six kilometres) from the Wales–England border and low-lying on the River Severn. The community, which also includes Cloddiau and Pool Quay, has a population of 6,664 (as of the 2011 United Kingdom census), with the town having 5,948. There are many examples of Georgian architecture within the town. Powis Castle is located to the north.
Iddarammayilatho
Iddarammayilatho (transl. 'With two girls') is a 2013 Indian Telugu-language romantic action film written and directed by Puri Jagannadh. It stars Allu Arjun, Amala Paul, Catherine Tresa and Shawar Ali, while Brahmanandam, Ali, Nassar, Pragathi, Tanikella Bharani, Tulasi, Subbaraju, and Rao Ramesh play supporting roles. The film was entirely shot in Spain and Paris. Bandla Ganesh has produced the film under Parameswara Art Productions. The film was simultaneously dubbed and released in Malayalam as Romeo & Juliets. Iddarammayilatho was released in 1,600 theaters worldwide on 31 May 2013.

Rao Ramesh
Rao Ramesh  (born 25 May 1968) is an Indian actor who works primarily in Telugu cinema, theatre, and television apart from some Tamil films. He is the son of veteran actor Rao Gopal Rao. Rao Ramesh initially appeared in Seema Simham (2002), Okkadunnadu (2007), before getting a breakthrough role in Krish's Gamyam (2008), portraying a reformed Naxalite, he received critical acclaim for his portrayal and the film went on to become one of the highest grossing Telugu films of the year.

His subsequent films, Kotha Bangaru Lokam (2008), Avakai Biryani (2008) and S. S. Rajamouli's Magadheera (2009) were box office hits, and his role in the latter as a hunchbacked old Tantric won him further acclaim. Throughout the early 2010s, Rao Ramesh became a popular supporting actor and described that by 2015, he was in the "best phase of his career".