hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pennsylvania Railroad class D1
The Pennsylvania Railroad's steam locomotive class D1 (formerly Class A, pre-1895) comprised thirteen 4-4-0 locomotives for express passenger service, constructed at the railroad's own Altoona Works (now owned by Norfolk Southern) during 1868–1872.
They were the first standardized class of locomotives on the railroad and shared many parts with other standard classes.

The PRR was the first American railroad to adopt the Westinghouse air brake, the first tests of which were made in September 1869; Class A locomotives were among those fitted with air brake equipment for those earliest tests.

They remained in service until 1945, and were all withdrawn and scrapped by 1946.

Railway air brake
A railway air brake is a railway brake power braking system with compressed air as the operating medium. Modern trains rely upon a fail-safe air brake system that is based upon a design patented by George Westinghouse on April 13, 1869.  The Westinghouse Air Brake Company was subsequently organized to manufacture and sell Westinghouse's invention. In various forms, it has been nearly universally adopted.

The Westinghouse system uses air pressure to charge air reservoirs (tanks) on each car. Full air pressure causes each car to release the brakes. A subsequent reduction or loss of air pressure causes each car to apply its brakes, using the compressed air stored in its reservoirs.
Alexandre Hogue
Alexandre Hogue (February 22, 1898 – July 22, 1994) was an American artist active from the 1930s through the 1980s. He was a realist painter associated with the Dallas Nine; the majority of his works focus on Southwestern United States and South Central United States landscapes during the Dust Bowl.

Dust Bowl
The Dust Bowl was a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the American and Canadian prairies during the 1930s. The phenomenon was caused by a combination of natural factors (severe drought) and human-made factors: a failure to apply dryland farming methods to prevent wind erosion, most notably the destruction of the natural topsoil by settlers in the region. The drought came in three waves: 1934, 1936, and 1939–1940, but some regions of the High Plains experienced drought conditions for as long as eight years. It exacerbated an already existing agricultural recession.

The Dust Bowl has been the subject of many cultural works, including John Steinbeck's 1939 novel The Grapes of Wrath; the Dust Bowl Ballads of Woody Guthrie; and Dorothea Lange's photographs depicting the conditions of migrants, particularly Migrant Mother, taken in 1936.
Tremor (song)
"Tremor" is a song by Dutch DJ and record producer Martin Garrix and Belgian DJ duo Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike. The song was released by Spinnin' Records as the official 2014 anthem for Dutch dance event Sensation. It was released as a digital download on 20 April 2014 on Beatport and on 20 June 2014 on iTunes in the United Kingdom. The song debuted at number 30 on the UK Singles Chart, and also charted in Belgium, France and the Netherlands. It was written by Dimitri Thivaios, Martijn Garritsen and Michael Thivaios.

It is considered one of the most popular big room house songs of all-time, along with "Animals" by Martin Garrix, "Epic" by Sandro Silva and Quintino, "Spaceman" by Hardwell and "Tsunami" by Dvbbs and Borgeous.

Quintino (DJ)
Quinten van den Berg (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkʋɪntə(ɱ) vɑn də(m) ˈbɛr(ə)x]; born (1985-09-21)21 September 1985), known professionally as Quintino, is a Dutch DJ and record producer. Notable releases include a remix of "Rap das Armas," "Selecta," "Go Hard," and "Fatality." In 2019 he was named #25 of the Top 100 DJs list put out by DJ Magazine.
Stranger in Paradise (short story)
"Stranger in Paradise" is a science fiction short story by American writer Isaac Asimov.  It was written in the summer of 1973 for an anthology of original stories edited by Judy-Lynn del Rey, but was rejected by her.  It was also rejected by Ben Bova for Analog Science Fiction and Fact before being accepted for If magazine, where it appeared in the May–June 1974 issue.  The story was reprinted in the collections The Bicentennial Man and Other Stories (1976) and The Complete Robot (1982).

Ben Bova
Benjamin William Bova (November 8, 1932 – November 29, 2020) was an American writer and editor. During a writing career of 60 years, he was the author of more than 120 works of science fact and fiction, an editor of Analog Science Fiction and Fact, for which he won a Hugo Award six times, and an editorial director of Omni; he was also president of both the National Space Society and the Science Fiction Writers of America.
Serruria hirsuta
Serruria hirsuta, the Swartkops spiderhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs on the Swartkop Mountain in the southern Cape Peninsula, above Simon's Town. The shrub grows up to 50 cm tall and flowers from June to October.

Fire destroys the plant but the seeds survive. Two months after flowering, the fruit falls and ants disperse the seeds. They store the seeds in their nests. The plant is bisexual. Pollination takes place through the action of insects. The plant grows in sandstone soil at elevations of 360 – 470 m.

Simon's Town
Simon's Town (Afrikaans: Simonstad), sometimes spelled Simonstown, is a town in the Western Cape, South Africa and is home to Naval Base Simon's Town, the South African Navy's largest base. It is located on the shores of Simon's Bay in False Bay, on the eastern side of the Cape Peninsula. For more than two centuries, it has been a naval base and harbour (first for the British Royal Navy and now the South African Navy). The town is named after Simon van der Stel, an early governor of the Cape Colony.
Bluegiga
Bluegiga Technologies Ltd. known as Bluegiga, is a Finnish wireless technology company based in Espoo, Finland. Founded in 2000, it has since expanded its offices to Atlanta in USA and Hong Kong. Bluegiga has been a member of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group since it was established and joined Continua Health Alliance in Spring 2008. The company joined Wi-Fi Alliance in the beginning of 2012.

Continua Health Alliance
Continua Health Alliance is an international non-profit, open industry group of nearly 240 healthcare providers, communications, medical, and fitness device companies.
Continua was a founding member of Personal Connected Health Alliance which was launched in February 2014 with other founding members mHealth SUMMIT and HIMSS.
Sandra Binion
Sandra Binion is a Swedish-American artist based in Chicago whose artistic practice includes fine-art exhibitions, multimedia installations involving, and performance art. Her work has been performed and exhibited at museums, galleries, theaters, and festivals in the US, Europe, and Japan. Some of the venues that have featured her work include the Evanston Art Center, Link's Hall, Kunstraum (Stuttgart), The Goodman Theatre, and Los Angeles Institute of Contemporary Art.

Los Angeles Institute of Contemporary Art
The Los Angeles Institute of Contemporary Art (LAICA) was an exhibition venue for visual arts that ran between 1974 and 1987 (approximately) in Los Angeles, California. It played an important role in showing experimental work of the era as well as supporting the careers of young artists in Los Angeles.
Swing Me an Old Song
Swing Me an Old Song is an LP album by Julie London, released by Liberty Records under catalog numbers LRP-3119 (monaural) and LST-7119 (stereophonic) in 1959. The accompaniment was by Jimmy Rowles and his Orchestra.

Liberty Records
Liberty Records was a record label founded in the United States by chairman Simon Waronker in 1955 with Alvin Bennett as president and Theodore Keep as chief engineer. It was reactivated in 2001 in the United Kingdom and had two previous revivals.
Psilocybe congolensis
Psilocybe congolensis is a species of mushroom-forming fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae.  It is the only psilocybin mushroom known from the Congo, Africa.  It was described as new to science in 2013.

Genetically it is close to Psilocybe samuiensis, in Psilocybe sect. Mexicanae.

Hymenogastraceae
The Hymenogastraceae is a family of fungi in the order Agaricales with both agaric and false-truffle shaped fruitbodies. Formerly, prior to molecular analyses, the family was restricted to the false-truffle genera. The mushroom genus Psilocybe in the Hymenogastraceae is now restricted to the hallucinogenic species while nonhallucinogenic former species are largely in the genus Deconica classified in the Strophariaceae.

One of the two known species of Wakefieldia has been found recently to belong to this family but formal transfer cannot be made until the phylogeny of the type species of the genus is resolved. Psathyloma, added to the family in 2016, was circumscribed to contain two agarics found in New Zealand.
Silvana Mirvić
Silvana Mirvić (born 4 March 1971) is a former Bosnian and Yugoslav professional basketball player who participated at the EuroBasket 1991 for Yugoslavia, and then for Bosnia and Herzegovina at the 1993 Mediterranean Games, and two EuroBasket competitions in 1997 and 1999. She played for Čelik Zenica in the Adriatic League season 2010 - 2011.

EuroBasket Women 1991
The 1991 European Women Basketball Championship, commonly called EuroBasket Women 1991, was the 23rd regional championship held by FIBA Europe. The competition was held in Israel and took place from 12 June to 17 June 1991. Soviet Union won the gold medal and Yugoslavia the silver medal while Hungary won the bronze.
1979 Algerian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Algeria on 7 February 1979, following the death of incumbent Houari Boumediene in December 1978. His replacement as National Liberation Front leader, Chadli Bendjedid, was elected unopposed with 99% of the vote, based on a 99% turnout.

Chadli Bendjedid
Chadli Bendjedid  (Arabic: الشاذلي بن جديد‎; ALA-LC: ash-Shādhilī bin Jadīd; 14 April 1929 – 6 October 2012) was an Algerian military officer and politician who served as the third President of Algeria. His presidential term of office ran from 9 February 1979 to 11 January 1992.

A combatant during the Algerian War, he was a member of the Revolutionary Council from 1965 to 1976 and was appointed Colonel in 1969.

He was appointed Secretary General of the National Liberation Front (FLN) in January 1979 and was elected president the following month. Bendjedid would win re-elections without competition in 1984 and 1989. He resigned from the presidency in January 1992 following a disputed election and military coup, leading to the Algerian Civil War.

He remained under house arrest until 1999 and died of cancer in 2012 at the age of 83.
Chilling requirement
The chilling requirement of a fruit is the minimum period of cold weather after which a fruit-bearing tree will blossom productively.  It is often expressed in chill hours, which can be calculated in different ways, all of which essentially involve adding up the total amount of time in a winter spent at certain temperatures.

Some bulbs have chilling requirements to bloom, and some seeds have chilling requirements to sprout.

Biologically, the chilling requirement is a way of ensuring that vernalization occurs.

Blossom
In botany, blossoms are the flowers of stone fruit trees (genus Prunus) and of some other plants with a similar appearance that flower profusely for a period of time in spring.

Colloquially, flowers of orange are referred to as such as well. Peach blossoms (including nectarine), most cherry blossoms, and some almond blossoms are usually pink. Plum blossoms, apple blossoms, orange blossoms, some cherry blossoms, and most almond blossoms are white in colour.

Blossoms provide pollen to pollinators such as bees, and initiate cross-pollination necessary for the trees to reproduce by producing fruit.
Kris Zimmerman
Kris Zimmerman Salter is an American voice and casting director in the animation and video game industry. Her major works in video games include the Metal Gear Solid series. In animation, she was the voice director for Ben 10, The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest, Regular Show and Fish Hooks.

Fish Hooks
Fish Hooks is an American animated television series created by Noah Z. Jones and developed by Alex Hirsch and William Reiss for Disney Channel. The show ran for three seasons from September 3, 2010, to April 4, 2014, airing a total of 59 episodes.
Pickering Park, Kingston upon Hull
53°43′57″N 0°23′57″W﻿ / ﻿53.7324°N 0.3993°W﻿ / 53.7324; -0.3993

Pickering Park is a park in the western suburbs of Kingston upon Hull, on the north side of Hessle Road, near the former Kingston High School in Anlaby, East Riding of Yorkshire, England.

Sirius Academy West
Sirius Academy West (formerly Sirius Academy, Pickering High School, Kingston High School and The Boulevard) is a secondary school in Hull, England. It was renamed Sirius Academy in September 2009 under Building Schools for the Future, with Sports College specialist status.
May Sinclair
May Sinclair was the pseudonym of Mary Amelia St. Clair (24 August 1863 – 14 November 1946), a British writer who wrote about two dozen novels, short stories and poetry. She was an active suffragist, and member of the Woman Writers' Suffrage League. She once dressed up as a demure, rebel Jane Austen for a suffrage fundraising event. Sinclair was also a significant critic in the area of modernist poetry and prose, and she is attributed with first using the term 'stream of consciousness' in a literary context, when reviewing the first volumes of Dorothy Richardson's novel sequence Pilgrimage (1915–1967), in The Egoist, April 1918.

Book series
A book series, or a novel series, is a sequence of books having certain characteristics in common that are formally identified together as a group. Book series can be organized in different ways, such as written by the same author, or marketed as a group by their publisher.
Amr Talaat
Amr Ahmed Samih Talaat (born March 10, 1961) is an Egyptian engineer, academic, and government official serving as the Minister of Communications and Information Technology of Egypt since June 14, 2018. Before his appointment as minister, he had a long career in the private sector, including a tenure at IBM Masr where he served as Country general manager. Talaat holds degrees in engineering and business administration and has also been active in academia as an adjunct professor at Cairo University. In his role as minister, he has been instrumental in advancing Egypt's digital infrastructure and implementing the country's digital transformation strategy.

United States Chamber of Commerce
The United States Chamber of Commerce (USCC) is a business association advocacy group and is the largest lobbying group in the United States. The group was founded in April 23, 1912, out of local chambers of commerce at the urging of President William Howard Taft and his secretary of commerce and labor Charles Nagel. President Taft's belief was that the "government needed to deal with a group that could speak with authority for the interests of business."

The U.S. Chamber of Commerce claims to represent three million small business owners, but this claim is disputed because the organization is funded primarily by the largest corporations in the United States.

The current president and CEO of the Chamber is Suzanne Clark. She worked for the group from 1997 to 2007 and returned in 2014, holding multiple executive roles before being named its first female CEO in February 2021.
San Martino in Rio
San Martino in Rio (Reggiano: Sân Martèin Grand) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northwest of Bologna and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) northeast of Reggio Emilia. Remarkable the church of San Carlo Borromeo.

San Martino in Rio borders the following municipalities: Campogalliano, Correggio, Reggio Emilia, Rubiera.

Emilian language
Emilian (Reggiano, Parmesan and Modenese: emigliân; Bolognese: emigliàn; Piacentino: emigliän; Italian: emiliano) is a Gallo-Italic unstandardised language spoken in the historical region of Emilia, which is now in the western part of Emilia-Romagna.

Emilian has a default word order of subject–verb–object and both grammatical gender (masculine and feminine) and grammatical number (singular and plural). There is a strong T–V distinction, which distinguishes varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity or insult. The alphabet, largely adapted from the Italian (Tuscan) one, uses a considerable number of diacritics.
Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1534–1537)
Lithuanian-Muscovite War (1534–1537), also known as the Fifth Lithuanian-Muscovite War and the War of Starodub, was a war that lasted from August 1534 to 18 February 1537 between the Kingdom of Poland supported by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania against the Principality of Moscow. It ended with a peace agreement signed in Moscow on 18 February 1537.

Sebezh
Sebezh (Russian: Се́беж) is a town and the administrative center of Sebezhsky District in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located in a picturesque setting between Lakes Sebezhskoye and Orono 189 kilometers (117 mi) south of Pskov, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:  6,375 (2010 Census); 7,138 (2002 Census); 9,497 (1989 Soviet census).
1996 North Carolina judicial elections
The North Carolina judicial elections of 1996 were held statewide on November 5, 1996, to elect judges to the North Carolina Supreme Court and North Carolina Court of Appeals. A total of three seats were on the ballot, and in each case, incumbents who had been appointed by Gov. Jim Hunt (running for re-election that same day) were elected to terms in their own right.

Jim Hunt
James Baxter Hunt Jr. (May 16, 1937 – December 18, 2025) was an American politician and attorney who was the 69th and 71st governor of North Carolina (1977–1985, and 1993–2001). He was the longest-serving governor in the state's history.

Hunt was tied with former Ohio governor Jim Rhodes for the sixth-longest gubernatorial tenure in post-Constitutional U.S. history at 5,838 days. His daughter is current North Carolina Lieutenant Governor Rachel Hunt.

Under his guidance, the North Carolina Democratic Party outperformed expectations in state politics from Ronald Reagan's presidency through the 1990s.
Alexei Emelin
Alexei Vyacheslavovich Emelin (Russian: Алексей Вячеславович Емелин; born 25 April 1986) is a Russian professional ice hockey defenceman who plays for the Dubai Red Stars of the Emirates Ice Hockey League. He was selected in the third round, 84th overall, by the Montreal Canadiens in the 2004 NHL Entry Draft. Emelin has also previously played for the Nashville Predators.

2004 NHL entry draft
The 2004 NHL entry draft was the 42nd entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 26 and 27, 2004 at the RBC Center in Raleigh, North Carolina. It is especially notable because it was the last NHL event to take place before the beginning of the 2004–05 NHL lockout, which canceled all the games scheduled for that season.

As of 2025, the remaining active players in the NHL from this draft are Evgeni Malkin and Alexander Ovechkin.
Giese, Minnesota
Giese (/ˈɡiːzi/ GHEE-zee) is an unincorporated community in Wagner Township, Aitkin County, Minnesota, United States, located near Finlayson.

The community is located in east-central Minnesota at the junction of State Highway 18 (MN 18) and Aitkin County Road 23 (130th Place). Giese is near the southeast corner of Aitkin County, near the county line with Pine County.  Big Pine Lake is nearby.

Pine County, Minnesota
Pine County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,876. Its county seat is Pine City. The county was formed in 1856 and organized in 1872.  Today, Pine County is the fastest growing county in the state. Part of the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation is in Pine County.
Secologanin synthase
In enzymology, secologanin synthase (EC 1.14.19.62, was wrongly classified as EC 1.3.3.9 in the past) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The three substrates of this enzyme are loganin, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and oxygen. Its products are secologanin, oxidised NADP+, and water.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-CH group of donor with oxygen as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is loganin:oxygen oxidoreductase (ring-cleaving). It is a member of the cytochrome P450 protein superfamily and participates in indole and ipecac alkaloid biosynthesis.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require it as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source'). NADPH is the reduced form, whereas NADP+ is the oxidized form. NADP+ is used by all forms of cellular life. NADP+ is essential for life because it is needed for cellular respiration.

NADP+ differs from NAD+ by the presence of an additional phosphate group on the 2' position of the ribose ring that carries the adenine moiety. This extra phosphate is added by NAD+ kinase and removed by NADP+ phosphatase.
Ichiohakayama Kofun
Ichiohakayama Kofun (市尾墓山古墳) is a burial mound, located in the Ichiohaka neighborhood of the town of Takatori, Nara prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan. Together with the Ichio Miyazuka Kofun, the tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1981.

Kofun
Kofun (古墳; from Sino-Japanese "ancient burial mound") are megalithic tombs or tumuli in Northeast Asia. Kofun were mainly constructed in the Japanese archipelago between the middle of the 3rd century to the early 7th century AD.

The term is the origin of the name of the Kofun period, which indicates the middle 3rd century to early–middle 6th century. Many kofun have distinctive keyhole-shaped mounds (zempō-kōen fun (前方後円墳)). The Mozu-Furuichi kofungun or tumulus clusters were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019, while Ishibutai Kofun is one of a number in Asuka-Fujiwara residing on the Tentative List.
Rabbe Axel Wrede
Baron Rabbe Axel (R. A.) Wrede af Elimä (16 July 1851 – 16 February 1938) was a Finnish jurist and politician, born in Anjala. He was a member of the Diet of Finland from 1877 to 1878, in 1882, 1885, 1888, 1891, 1894, 1897, 1899, 1900, from 1904 to 1905 and from 1905 to 1906 and of the Parliament of Finland from 1910 to 1913 and from 1917 to 1919, representing the Swedish People's Party of Finland. He served as a member of the Senate of Finland from 1905 to 1909.

Anjala
Anjala was a town in Southern Finland, which merged in 1975 with Sippola to form Anjalankoski, later further merged into Kouvola.

Anjala is remembered historically in connection with the 18th-century event known as the Anjala Conspiracy.

The Regina School, one of the country's first public schools, was located here, as was its library, which was the first in the country. They were founded by Rabbe Gottlieb Wrede with the help of the Christian educational society Pro Fide et Christianismo, of which he was a member.