hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dundee Castle
56°27′40″N 2°58′05″W﻿ / ﻿56.4610°N 2.9680°W﻿ / 56.4610; -2.9680

Dundee Castle was a castle in Dundee, Scotland, that Robert the Bruce destroyed in 1313.

Dundee was created a royal burgh by King William the Lion in the 13th century. The castle was surrendered to the English in 1296.  William Wallace laid siege to Dundee Castle in 1297, and the garrison surrendered before the Battle of Stirling Bridge. The castle was captured again by the English in 1300 and again in 1303 and 1310. King Edward I of England visited the castle in 1300 and 1303 and repaired it. Edward de Brus captured and destroyed the castle held by Constable William de Montfichet in 1312/13 but later restored.

St. Paul's Cathedral was later (1853-1865) built on its site.

For the Constables of Dundee castle, an hereditary office after 1324, see Earl of Dundee.

William the Lion
William the Lion (Scottish Gaelic: Uilleam an Leòmhann), sometimes styled William I (Uilleam MacEanraig; Medieval Gaelic: Uilliam mac Eanric) and also known by the nickname Garbh, 'the Rough' (c. 1142 – 4 December 1214), reigned as King of Alba from 1165 to 1214. His almost 49-year-long reign was the longest for a Scottish monarch before the Union of the Crowns in 1603.
Eucomis vandermerwei
Eucomis vandermerwei is a South African bulbous perennial flowering plant, a member of the asparagus family (Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae), and like other members of Eucomis is commonly known as pineapple lily for its superficial  resemblance to that plant (Ananas comosus), although not closely related to it. This species is one of the smallest in the genus, and is native to a high-rainfall region of western Mpumalanga in South Africa. The dense rosette of leaves, either prostrate or ascending, is heavily blotched with purple, and the leaf-edges are markedly crisped or wavy. The star-shaped burgundy flowers appear in midsummer (November–January in South Africa), and are borne on a spike (raceme) topped by a "head" of leafy bracts.

Pineapple
The pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a tropical plant with an edible fruit; it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae.

The pineapple is indigenous to South America, where it has been cultivated for many centuries. The introduction of the pineapple plant to Europe in the 17th century made it a significant cultural icon of luxury. Since the 1820s, pineapple has been commercially grown in greenhouses and many tropical plantations. The fruit, particularly its juice, has diverse uses in cuisines and desserts.

Pineapples grow as a small shrub; the individual flowers of the unpollinated plant fuse to form a multiple fruit. The plant normally propagates from the offset produced at the top of the fruit or from a side shoot, and typically matures within a year.
Garage (fanzine)
Garage was a music fanzine based in Dunedin, New Zealand, which was created and edited by journalist Richard Langston. Six issues were published during the 1980s. The first issue was only 18 photocopied pages and produced in a very small edition, but the final issue was printed in a run of more than a thousand.

Langston had returned to Dunedin in 1985 after living and working in London, and he created Garage out of his enthusiasm for the New Zealand music scene at the time. Garage became a reference especially for the nascent Flying Nun scene which in its early days was based largely around the city's Dunedin Sound music.

Richard Langston is now a television journalist with New Zealand's TV3.

The Clean
The Clean was a New Zealand indie rock band formed in Dunedin in 1978. They have been described as the most influential band to come from the Flying Nun label, which recorded many artists associated with the "Dunedin sound", and one of the first bands to be described as "indie rock".

Led by brothers Hamish and David Kilgour, the band rotated through a number of musicians before settling on their well-known and longest running line-up with Robert Scott. Their name comes from a character from the movie Free Ride called Mr. Clean.
Saeed Madibo
Saeed Madibo (Arabic: سعيد ماديبو; 1928 – 4 August 2016) was the Nazir (paramount chief) of the Baggara Rizeigat of South Darfur. His family has held this position since the 1870s and were recognized as paramount chiefs by the British following the conquest of Darfur in 1916.

Since succeeding his brother as Nazir, Saeed has steadfastly followed a policy of neutrality in the Darfur conflict. He is head of tribal commission that governs Ed Daen, a region in Sudan.

Madibo died on 4 August 2016, at the age of 87–88

Darfur
Darfur (/dɑːrˈfʊər/ dar-FOOR; Arabic: دار فور, romanized: Dār Fūr, lit. 'Realm of the Fur') is a region of western Sudan. Dār is an Arabic word meaning "home [of]" – the region was named Dardaju (Arabic: دار داجو, romanized: Dār Dājū) while ruled by the Daju, who migrated from Meroë c. 350 AD, and it was  renamed Dartunjur (Arabic: دار تنجر, romanized: Dār Tunjur) when the Tunjur ruled the area. Darfur was an independent sultanate for hundreds of years until 1874, when it fell to the Sudanese warlord Rabih az-Zubayr. The region was later invaded and incorporated into Sudan by Anglo-Egyptian forces in 1916.

Because of the War in Darfur between Sudanese government forces and the indigenous population, the region has been in a state of humanitarian emergency and genocide since 2003. The factors include religious and ethnic rivalry, and the rivalry between farmers and herders.
Ray Barrett (athlete)
Raymond Barrett (1952 – August 2000) was an Indigenous Australian Paralympic athlete left a paraplegic following a car accident. Prior to this he was a champion juvenile athlete in able-bodied sports. A bronze medalist at the 1972 Summer Paralympics Heidelberg Germany, a high achiever at the Stoke Mandeville Games England, Commonwealth Paraplegic Games, National Paraplegic and Quadriplegic Games, FESPIC Games and State selection trials. A sporting complex in the Sutherland Shire of Sydney is named in his honor. The people of this Shire were his 'significant others'.

FESPIC Games
The FESPIC Games or the Far East and South Pacific Games for the Disabled, was a multi-sport event in Asia and the South Pacific region which is considered to be a precursor to the Asian Para Games, as two of its edition games in 1999 (7th) and 2002 (8th) were held parallel to the 1998 Asian Games and the 2002 Asian Games.

The event which started in 1975 was held nine times, and last contested in December 2006 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Bernard Faure
Bernard Faure (born 1948) is a Franco-American author and scholar of Asian religions, who focuses on Chan/Zen and Japanese esoteric Buddhism. His work draws on cultural theory, anthropology, and gender studies. He is currently a Kao Professor of Japanese Religion at Columbia University and an Emeritus Professor of Religious Studies (and formerly Professor of Chinese Religions) at Stanford University. He also previously taught at Cornell University, and has been a visiting a professor at the University of Tokyo, the University of Sydney, and the École Pratique des Hautes Études in Paris. He co-founded the Center for Buddhist Studies at Stanford University and the ARC: Asian Religions and Cultures Series within Stanford University Press. He is also the founder and co-director of the Columbia Center for Buddhism and East Asian Religions (C-BEAR). His work has been translated into several Asian and European languages.

Eastern religions
The Eastern religions are the religions which originated in East, South and Southeast Asia and thus have dissimilarities with Western and African religions. Eastern religions include:

Taoic religions or East Asian religions such as Confucianism, Taoism, Tengrism, Korean shamanism, Chinese folk religion, and Shinto

Dharmic religions or Indian religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Jainism

Southeast Asian religions such as Kejawen and Vietnamese folk religion

The East-West religious distinction (just like the East-West culture distinction, and the implications that arise from it) is broad and not precise. Furthermore, geographical distinctions have less meaning in the current context of global transculturation.

While many Western observers attempt to distinguish between Eastern philosophies and religions, this is a distinction that does not exist in some Eastern traditions.
Paul Hanagan
Paul Hanagan (born 8 September 1980 in Warrington, Cheshire) is a Classic-winning British flat racing jockey.  Hanagan was twice been crowned champion jockey on the flat in Britain, riding 165 winners in 2011 to defend his title, having won his first title with 191 winners in 2010. Over a career spanning 25 years, he won a total of ten Group 1 races including the Epsom Oaks. From 1999 to 2022 he rode for the Malton-based trainer Richard Fahey, except for a four-and-a-half year break when he was retained by owner Sheikh Hamdan. He announced his retirement from race riding in August 2023.

Prix Jean-Luc Lagardère
The Prix Jean-Luc Lagardère, formerly the Grand Critérium, is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to two-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 1,400 metres (about 7 furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in early October.

It is France's oldest and most prestigious event for juvenile horses. It is the country's equal richest race for this age group, along with the Prix Morny. Each has a current purse of €400,000.
Danny Guinane
Danny Guinane (18 May 1911 – 28 August 1992) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Guinane, a defender, came to Richmond from South Ballarat. He polled eight Brownlow Medal votes in 1939, the second most by a Richmond player behind Jack Dyer.

He was a back pocket in the 1942 VFL Grand Final, which Richmond lost. Richmond were premiers in both his first and last seasons, but he wasn't selected for either side.

Off the field he worked as a tram driver.

He was the father of Richmond player Paddy Guinane.

Brownlow Medal
The Charles Brownlow Trophy, better known as the Brownlow Medal (and informally as Charlie), is awarded to the best and fairest player in the Australian Football League (AFL) during the home-and-away season, as determined by votes cast by the four officiating field umpires after each game. It is the most prestigious award for individual players in the AFL.

The medal was first awarded by the Victorian Football League (VFL). It was created and named in honour of Charles Brownlow, a former Geelong Football Club footballer (1880–1891) and club secretary (1885–1923), and VFL president (1918–19), who had died in January 1924 after an extended illness.
Jean Leguay
Jean Leguay (29 November 1909 – 2 July 1989) was the second-in-command of the French National Police during the Nazi Occupation of France. He was complicit in the 1942 roundup of Jews in Paris and their deportation from France to Nazi extermination camps, which resulted in the murders of thousands of people, both adults and children.

Mass arrest
A mass arrest occurs when police apprehend large numbers of suspects at once. This sometimes occurs at protests. Some mass arrests are also used in an effort to combat gang activity. This is sometimes controversial, and lawsuits sometimes result. In police science, it is deemed to be good practice to plan for the identification of those arrested during mass arrests, since it is unlikely that the officers will remember everyone they arrested.
Finnish phonology
Unless otherwise noted, statements in this article refer to Standard Finnish, which is based on the dialect spoken in the former Häme Province in central south Finland. Standard Finnish is used by professional speakers, such as reporters and news presenters on television.

Häme Province
Häme Province (Finnish: Hämeen lääni, Swedish: Tavastehus län), or Tavastia, was a province of Finland from 1831 to 1997.

In 1997 the southern parts with Kanta-Häme, Päijät-Häme was merged with the province of Uusimaa and Kymi into the new province of Southern Finland. The northern part with Pirkanmaa was merged with the provinces of Vaasa, Central Finland, Turku and Pori into the new province of Western Finland.

The province corresponds roughly to the current regions of Kanta-Häme, Päijät-Häme and Pirkanmaa.
Lees-Milne
Lees-Milne is a surname. Notable people include:

Alvilde Lees-Milne (née Bridges; formerly Viscountess Chaplin) (1909–1994), British gardening and landscape expert

James Lees-Milne (1908–1997), English writer and expert on country houses

James Lees-Milne
(George) James Henry Lees-Milne (6 August 1908 – 28 December 1997) was an English writer and expert on country houses, who worked for the National Trust from 1936 to 1973. He was an architectural historian, novelist and biographer. His extensive diaries remain in print.
Matagi dialect
The Matagi dialect (マタギ言葉, Matagi kotoba) is a functionally extinct Japanese sociolect spoken by the Matagi people of Akita Prefecture and other areas of the Tohoku region in northern Honshu, Japan. The Matagi dialect is sometimes called Yama-kotoba (山言葉; lit. 'mountain words').

Matagi contains various unique words relating to hunting, tools, and rituals, many of which are of Ainu origin.

A dictionary of Matagi was published by Yoshizo Itabashi (板橋義三) in 2008.

Akita Prefecture
Akita Prefecture (秋田県, Akita-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [aꜜ.kʲi̥.ta, a.kʲi̥.taꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. Its population is estimated 915,691 as of 1 August 2023 and its geographic area is 11,637 km2 (4,493 sq mi). Akita Prefecture is bordered by Aomori Prefecture to the north, Iwate Prefecture to the east, Miyagi Prefecture to the southeast, and Yamagata Prefecture to the south.

Akita is the capital and largest city of Akita Prefecture.  Other major cities include Yokote, Daisen, and Yurihonjō. Akita Prefecture is located on the coast of the Sea of Japan and extends east to the Ōu Mountains, the longest mountain range in Japan, at the border with Iwate Prefecture. Akita Prefecture formed the northern half of the historic Dewa Province with Yamagata Prefecture.
Jason Pizzo
Jason William Barnet Pizzo (born May 20, 1976) is an American attorney and politician who has served as a member of the Florida Senate since 2018, representing parts of coastal Broward and Miami-Dade Counties. An elected Democrat for most of his career, Pizzo became an independent in 2025.

Born in New Jersey, Pizzo received his Juris Doctor at the University of Miami. While attending law school, he served as an assistant state attorney for the Miami-Dade State Attorney’s Office.

Florida Senate
The Florida Senate is the upper house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida House of Representatives being the lower house. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of Florida, adopted in 1968, defines the role of the Legislature and how it is to be constituted. The Senate is composed of 40 members, each elected from a single-member district with a population of approximately 540,000 residents. The Senate Chamber is located in the State Capitol building.

The Republicans hold a supermajority in the chamber with 27 seats; Democrats are in the minority with 11 seats. One seat is held by an independent, and one seat is vacant.
Grimoldby
Grimoldby is a village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England.  It is situated 4 miles (6 km) east from Louth.

Grimoldby Grade I listed Anglican church is dedicated to St Edith. It is of early Perpendicular style with embattled and crocketed aisles and clerestory, set with gargoyles.

In 1885 Kelly's Directory reported that the chief crops grown were wheat, barley, beans and oats, and that Grimoldby had three chapels, Wesleyan, Primitive Methodist and Free Methodist, and a National School.

Village amenities include a Co-op supermarket, Grimoldby Primary School, a nursery, an Italian restaurant and a cricket club. There is a public house, called The Manby Arms. Amenities also serve the adjoining village of Manby, which is 0.5 miles (0.8 km) to the south, separated from Grimoldby by the B1200.

Grimoldby used to have a railway station.

Primitive Methodism in the United Kingdom
Primitive Methodism was a major movement in English and Welsh Methodism from about 1810 until the Methodist Union in 1932. It emerged from a revival at Mow Cop in Staffordshire. Primitive meant "simple" or "relating to an original stage"; the Primitive Methodists saw themselves as practising a purer form of Christianity, closer to that of the earliest Methodists. Although the denomination did not bear the name "Wesleyan" (unlike the earlier Wesleyan Methodist Church), Primitive Methodism was Wesleyan in theology, in contrast to the Calvinistic Methodists.
You Gotta Be My Baby
"You Gotta Be My Baby" is a song written and recorded by George Jones.  It was his second Top 10 hit on Starday Records, peaking at #7 on the country singles chart.  That same year, he sang "You Gotta Be My baby" at his first appearance on The Grand Ole Opry.  According to Bob Allen's book George Jones: The Life and Times of a Honky Tonk Legend, Jones nearly walked off the Opry show when one of the WSM officials told him he could not take his guitar with him onstage but relented after Opry regular George Morgan handed him a guitar owned by Little Jimmy Dickens and promised he would take responsibility. In the video biography Same Ole Me, George recalled, "I was just so nervous.  This was the biggest thing that could ever happen to anybody in the world and I was just shakin'.  I mean just truly shakin' all over."

George Morgan (singer)
George Thomas Morgan (June 28, 1924 – July 7, 1975) was a mid-20th-century American country music singer. He is a member of the Country Music Hall of Fame and a former member of the Grand Ole Opry. He is best known for his 1949 hit single "Candy Kisses". He was the father of singer Lorrie Morgan, who is also a country music star.
Jin (TV series)
Jin (JIN-仁-) is a Japanese  television drama series, first broadcast on TBS in 2009 and a second season in 2011.  It is based on the Japanese manga series, Jin, written by Motoka Murakami.

It was one of the most popular dramas of the year and won many major awards. In 2024, the series began streaming internationally on Netflix.

Motoka Murakami
Motoka Murakami (Japanese: 村上 もとか, Hepburn: Murakami Motoka; born June 3, 1951, in Setagaya, Tokyo) is a Japanese manga artist. He won the Kodansha Manga Award for shōnen manga for Gakuto Retsuden 1982 and the Shogakukan Manga Award twice, for shōnen manga for Musashi no Ken in 1984 and for general manga in 1996 for Ron, serialized in Big Comic Original from 1991 to 2006. In 1998, he received an Excellence Prize at the Japan Media Arts Festival for Ron. Jin won the Grand Prize at the 2011 Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize. On a list published in the beginning of August 2011, he ranked as the 35th best-selling manga artist since January 2010, with 1,901,000 copies sold.
Fonda (surname)
Fonda is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bridget Fonda (born 1964), American film actress

Douw Fonda (1700–1780), early settler in the Mohawk Valley, New York

Enrico Fonda (1892–1929), Italian artist

Gloria Fonda (1896–1978), American film actress

Henry Fonda (1905–1982), American stage and film actor

Jane Fonda (born 1937), American film actress

Joe Fonda (born 1954), American musician

Lorenzo Fonda (born 1979), Italian-American film director and artist

Luciano Fonda (1931–1998), Italian physicist

Mary Alice Fonda (1837–1897; pen name, "Octavia Hensel"), American musician, linguist, author, critic

Olga Fonda (born 1982), Russian-American actress and model (née Olga Tchakova)

Pavel Fonda (born 1942), Italian psychiatrist

Peter Fonda (1940–2019), American film actor

Olga Fonda
Olga Tchakova (Russian: Ольга Чакова; known professionally as Olga Fonda; born October 1, 1982) is a Russian-American film and television actress and model. She is also known for her role as Nadia Petrova in The Vampire Diaries (2013–2014).
Rosieria
Rosieria is an extinct genus of dwarf cynodonts from the Late Triassic of France. It belongs to the family Traversodontidae, a herbivorous group known mainly from Gondwana. The type species R. delsatei was named in 1997 on the basis of a few isolated postcanine teeth found in Saint-Nicolas-de-Port in northeastern France. These teeth were found alongside the teeth of many other cynodonts, including those of Hahnia, Gaumia, and Maubeugia. The small size of the teeth in Saint-Nicolas-de-Port suggest R. delsatei and other species were dwarf cynodonts. Most teeth in the locality belong to insectivores like dromatheriids, while those of R. delsatei and other herbivorous cynodonts are very rare.

Saint-Nicolas-de-Port
Saint-Nicolas-de-Port (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ nikɔla də pɔʁ]) is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle département in north-eastern France.

The town's basilica, Saint Nicolas, is a pilgrimage site, supposedly holding relics of Saint Nicholas brought from Italy. It is one of France's Monuments historiques, and a minor basilica since 1950.

The town's inhabitants are known as Portois. In the past, the Portois were known as loudmouths; their neighbours across the Meurthe at Varangéville liked to gather on the opposite river bank to bombard them with a chorus indicating a wish to defecate in their mouths:

Booyaî d'Senn 'Colais,
Tend tet ghieule quand je...

which in the local Lorrain dialect means:

Loudmouths of St Nicks,
Open your gob when I'm taking a...

St Nicholas-de-Port is also known for fossil remains of very early (late Triassic) ancestral mammals.
Marco Lingua
Marco Lingua (born 4 June 1978 in Chivasso, Piedmont) is an Italian hammer thrower, writer, actor, TV personality and former weightlifter.
He finished eleventh at the 2006 European Championships. He also competed at the 2008 Olympic Games without reaching the final. His personal best throw is 79.97 metres, achieved in July 2008 in Bydgoszcz.
For the results of the races in detail see the displayboards below.

2006 European Athletics Championships
The 19th European Athletics Championships were held in Gothenburg, Sweden, between 7 August and 13 August 2006. The competition arena was the Ullevi Stadium and the official motto "Catch the Spirit". Gothenburg also hosted the 1995 World Championships in Athletics, and Stockholm, Sweden's capital, hosted 1958 European Athletics Championships.
Warrington, New Zealand
Warrington, known in Māori as Ōkāhau, is a small settlement on the coast of Otago, in the South Island of New Zealand. It is situated close to the northern shore of Blueskin Bay, an area of mudflats north of Dunedin, and is administered as part of Dunedin City. Warrington is 3 km (1.9 mi) from State Highway 1 linked by Coast Road. The Main South Line railway passes through the township and a tourist train, the Seasider passes through the settlement once or twice a week between Dunedin and Palmerston.

Warrington beach, a popular surf beach for locals and visitors from the city, is patrolled by volunteer lifeguards of the Warrington Surf Life Saving Club which established in Dunedin in 1957 and relocated here in 1976.

Warrington Beach is occasionally used by naturists for nude sunbathing. New Zealand has no official nude beaches, as public nudity is legal on any beach where it is "known to occur".

St Barnabas Church is one of the area's oldest buildings.

Seasider
The Seasider is a tourist train in the South Island of New Zealand, operated by the Dunedin Railways along the Main South Line between the historic Dunedin Railway Station and Waitati once or twice a month. Since the demise of the Southerner on 10 February 2002 it has been the only regular passenger train on this stretch of line.