hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Umm Sumeima
Umm Sumeima is a Sudanese town located near Al-Fashir, capital of North Darfur. It was controlled by rebel forces until August 31, 2006, when it was recaptured by the Sudanese government.

It was subsequently recaptured by the National Redemption Front by 12 September.  The fighting is a continuation of the three-and-a-half-year civil war in Darfur.

The Rapid Support Forces claimed to have taken the town during the Sudanese civil war (2023–present) on 30 July 2025. The Sudanese Armed Forces claimed to have retaken the town on 26 September 2025.

North Darfur
North Darfur State (Arabic: ولاية شمال دارفور Wilāyat Šamāl Dārfūr; Shamal Darfor) is one of the wilayat or states of Sudan. It is one of the five states composing the Darfur region.  It has an area of 296,420 km2 and an estimated population of approximately 2,304,950 in 2018. Al-Fashir is the capital of the state.  Other significant towns include Ailliet, Kebkabiya, Kutum, Mellit (Malit), Tawila, Saraf Omra and Umm Keddada (Umm Kadadah).
Adam G. Hinds
Adam G. Hinds is an American politician. He currently serves the CEO of the Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate. From 2017 to 2022 he represented the Berkshire, Hampshire, Franklin, and Hampden district the Massachusetts Senate. Hinds previously worked for the United Nations in the Middle East.

Massachusetts Senate's Berkshire, Hampden, Franklin and Hampshire district
Berkshire, Hampden, Franklin and Hampshire district is one of 40 districts in the Massachusetts Senate. The district comprises all of Berkshire County and parts of Hampden, Franklin and Hampshire counties. Democrat Paul Mark of Pittsfield has represented the district since 2023.

The district had been used from 1989 through 2003 before it was eliminated in redistricting. It was restored as the Berkshire, Hampshire, Franklin and Hampden district in 2013 and renamed in 2023.
Johannes Lelieveld
Johannes "Jos" Lelieveld (born July 25, 1955) is a Dutch atmospheric chemist. From 2000 until 2025, he has been a Scientific Member of the Max Planck Society and director of the Atmospheric Chemistry Department at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz. He is also professor at the University of Mainz and at the Cyprus Institute in Nicosia.

Max Planck Society
The Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (German: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V.; MPG) is a formally independent non-governmental and non-profit association of German research institutes. Founded in 1911 as the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, it was renamed to the Max Planck Society in 1948 in honor of its former president, theoretical physicist Max Planck. The society is funded by the federal and state governments of Germany.
The Judas of Tyrol
The Judas of Tyrol (German: Der Judas von Tirol) is a 1933 German historical drama film directed by Franz Osten and starring Fritz Rasp, Camilla Spira, and Marianne Hoppe. It was shot at the Johannisthal Studios in Berlin. The film's sets were designed by the art director Hans Jacoby. Its Berlin premiere was at the Marmorhaus.

Marmorhaus
The Marmorhaus (English: Marble House) was a cinema that used to be located on the Kurfürstendamm in Berlin. Opened in 1913, it takes its name from a large marble façade. Designed by the architect Hugo Pál, the walls of the foyer and auditorium were decorated by the expressionist artist Cesar Klein.

During the silent era it was a common venue for premieres of new films. These included The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, Johannes Goth, The Woman in Heaven, The Head of Janus, Genuine, Four Around a Woman, Wandering Souls,  and The Haunted Castle.

Owned by the giant UFA company for many years, it was later developed into a multiplex.

In 2001 the cinema closed, and the property was sold to the Spanish retailer Zara, which remodeled it as a store. It has since been converted to a MUJI store.
Tossal d'Engrilló
Tossal d'Engrilló is a mountain of Catalonia, Spain. It has an elevation of 1,072 metres above sea level.

A Triangulation station (reference 246147001) is located at the summit.

This summit is included in the "100 Summits Challenge" of the Federation of Hiking Entities of Catalonia.

Triangulation station
A triangulation station, also known as a trigonometrical point, and sometimes informally as a trig, is a fixed surveying station, used in geodetic surveying and other surveying projects in its vicinity.

The station is usually set up by a mapping organisation with known coordinates and elevation published. Numerous stations are installed on summits for purposes of visibility and prominence. A graven metal plate on the top of a pillar may provide a mounting point for a theodolite or reflector, often using some form of kinematic coupling to ensure reproducible positioning.
George Kahari
George Payne Kahari (20 July 1930 – 23 July 2021) was a Zimbabwean diplomat, educator, arts administrator and writer. He served as an ambassador to Germany, Italy and Czechoslovakia. He has been Visiting Professor of Modern African Literature at a number of American universities. After his stint as a diplomat, Professor Kahari was the first black director at the National Gallery of Zimbabwe. He was one of the founders of the Catholic University of Zimbabwe, which was established in 1999.

Catholic University of Zimbabwe
The Catholic University of Zimbabwe (CUZ) is a Catholic Church affiliated university established in 1999 in Harare, Zimbabwe's capital city. It offers six undergraduate degree programs: Bachelor of Business Management & Information Technology (Honors), Bachelor of Business Management (Honors), Bachelor of Accounting (Honors), Bachelor of Social Science in Development Studies (Honors), Bachelor of Theology and Bachelor of Arts Dual (Honours). It also offers a variety of short courses under the Faculty of Commerce and the Faculty of Humanities.

In 2014, the university extended its reach by opening three satellite campuses in Bulawayo, Chinhoyi and Mutare.

The Catholic University plans to introduce more full-time degree programs and short courses in response to students' needs.
Eguchi Station
Eguchi Station (江口駅, Eguchi-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the town of  Higashimiyoshi, Miyoshi District, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Shikoku and has the station number "B20".

Miyoshi District, Tokushima
Miyoshi (三好郡, Miyoshi-gun) is a district located in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan.

As of June 1, 2019, the district has an estimated population of 14,025 and a density of 115 persons per km2. The total area is 122.48 km2.
Candida (album)
Candida is a 1970 album by Dawn, a studio session group including Tony Orlando, Toni Wine, and Linda November.  Orlando was singing under the group name "Dawn" in order to avoid problems with his contract with his other label, CBS.  However, after the success of the album tracks "Candida" and "Knock Three Times", he invited two other singers to become the real-life "Dawn", and then "Tony Orlando and Dawn" could tour in support of the songs.

Toni Wine
Toni Wine (born June 4, 1947) is an American pop music songwriter, who wrote songs for such artists as The Mindbenders ("A Groovy Kind of Love"), Tony Orlando and Dawn ("Candida"), and Checkmates, Ltd. ("Black Pearl") in the late 1960s and 1970s.  Wine also sang the female vocals for the cartoon music group The Archies, most notably on their #1 hit song "Sugar, Sugar" (singing the line "I'm gonna make your life so sweet"). She shared the lead vocals in the Archies' subsequent single, "Jingle Jangle" with Ron Dante using his falsetto voice. In addition, Wine was a backing vocalist on "It Hurts to Be in Love" (originally recorded for Neil Sedaka, whose vocals were replaced by those of Gene Pitney after Sedaka moved to RCA) and on Willie Nelson's "Always on My Mind."
Burgas Municipality
Burgas Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Бургас, Obshtina Burgas) is the most populated municipality in Burgas Province. It includes Burgas, the town of Balgarovo and 12 villages.
After a referendum in 2011 Izvor became part of Burgas Municipality.

Burgas Province
Burgas (Bulgarian: Област Бургас, romanized: Oblast Burgas, formerly the Burgas okrug) is a province in southeastern Bulgaria on the southern Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. The province is named after its administrative and industrial centre, the city of Burgas, the fourth biggest town in the country. It is the largest province by area, with a territory of 7,748.1 km2 (2,991.6 sq mi) that is divided into 13 municipalities. It has a total population, as of December 2009, of 422,319 inhabitants.
C'mon C'mon (soundtrack)
C'mon C'mon (Original Motion Picture Score) is the film score to the 2021 film of the same name directed by Mike Mills. Featuring original score composed by The National's Aaron Dessner and Bryce Dessner, the film also marked Aaron's feature film scoring debut. The soundtrack was released on November 12, 2021, through A24's music division, to positive reviews and fetched an award for Best Original Score in an Independent Film at the 12th Hollywood Music in Media Awards.

Hollywood Music in Media Award for Best Original Score in an Independent Film
The Hollywood Music in Media Award for Best Original Score in an Independent Film is one of the awards given annually to people working in the motion picture industry by the Hollywood Music in Media Awards (HMMA).
Mile End Delicatessen
Mile End Delicatessen, is a Jewish deli in Boerum Hill, Brooklyn  which opened in 2010 and is named after the neighborhood in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The deli has been highly rated and is currently run by Joel Tietolman.

The deli is known for their Montreal-Canadian spin on classic Jewish dishes, as well as their smoked meat.

Boerum Hill
Boerum Hill (pronounced /ˈbɔːrəm/ BOR-əm) is a small neighborhood in the northwestern portion of the New York City borough of Brooklyn, bounded by Schermerhorn Street to the north and Fourth Avenue to the east. The western border is variously given as either Smith or Court Street, and Warren or Wyckoff Street as the southern edge.

Smith Street and Atlantic Avenue are the neighborhood's main commercial districts. The Brooklyn High School of the Arts is in the neighborhood on Dean Street and Third Avenue. The neighborhood is part of Brooklyn Community District 2 and is served by the NYPD's 84th Precinct.
Beipan River Shuibai Railway Bridge
The Beipan River Shuibai Railway Bridge in China was the world's highest railway bridge for 15 years, from 2001 to 2016. The bridge spans a deep canyon on the Beipan River near the city of Liupanshui in Guizhou province, China.  The arch bridge, with a maximum height of 275 metres and a span width of 236 metres, was built in 2001 with the construction of the Liupanshui–Baiguo railway. Here, the train runs on its highest speed.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.
Lord High Admiral
Lord High Admiral can refer to:

Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom (of England until 1707, of Great Britain until 1709, and of the United Kingdom from 1964 to date)

Lord High Admiral of Scotland

Lord High Admiral of the Wash

Lord High Admiral of Sweden

Lord High Admiral, Pimlico, London public house

Lord High Admiral, Pimlico
The Lord High Admiral is a Grade II* listed former public house at 43 Vauxhall Bridge Road, Pimlico, London.

English Heritage note that it is attached to Charlwood House (also Grade II* listed). The design is as the result of a competition won in 1961 by John Darbourne. The structure was built in 1964–67, and the interior fitted out 1968–69. The architects were John Darbourne and Geoffrey Darke, Darbourne & Darke. It was later renamed as the Pimlico Beer Garden, then became the Moo Cantina Argentina restaurant for ten years, closing in 2022.
American Cowslip
American Cowslip is a 2009 independent American comedy feature film directed by Mark David. It revolves around heroin addict, Ethan Inglebrink, whose life is centered on his garden and his group of eccentric friends. American Cowslip is David's third film, following his debut, Sweet Thing (1999), and his second, acclaimed feature, Intoxicating (2003). It was Peter Falk's final film role.

Rip Torn
Elmore Rual "Rip" Torn Jr. (February 6, 1931 – July 9, 2019) was an American actor whose career spanned roughly 60 years. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for playing Marsh Turner in Cross Creek (1983). Torn's portrayal of Artie the producer on The Larry Sanders Show (1992–1998) received six Emmy Award nominations, winning in 1996. Torn was also known for his roles as Judas Iscariot in King of Kings (1961), Thomas J. Finley, Jr. in Sweet Bird of Youth (1962), Dr. Nathan Bryce in The Man Who Fell to Earth (1976), Bob Diamond in Defending Your Life (1991), Zeus in Hercules (1997), Zed in the Men in Black franchise (1997, 2002), Jim Brody in Freddy Got Fingered (2001), Patches O'Houlihan in Dodgeball: A True Underdog Story (2004), and Louis XV in Marie Antoinette (2006).
Bill Fleckenstein
William Peter Fleckenstein (November 4, 1903 – January 25, 1967) was an American professional football player who was a guard in the National Football League (NFL) for seven seasons with the Chicago Bears, the Portsmouth Spartans, the Brooklyn Dodgers, and the Frankford Yellow Jackets.

In March 1934, he married the actress Mildred Harris, who was previously married to Charlie Chaplin, with whom he lived until her death in 1944.

On April 9, 1946, he married Esther Louise Priebe. They lived in Hollywood, California. They had three children (John William, Cheryl Ann, and Julie Jane).

Frankford Yellow Jackets
The Frankford Yellow Jackets (sometimes called Frankford Yellowjackets) were a professional American football team, part of the National Football League from 1924 to 1931, although its origin dates back to as early as 1899 with the Frankford Athletic Association. The Yellow Jackets won the NFL championship in 1926. The team played its home games from 1923 in Frankford Stadium (also called Yellow Jacket Field) in Frankford, Philadelphia, a neighborhood in the northeast of Philadelphia, noted for the Market–Frankford Line that terminates there.
Fern Cliff Nature Preserve
The Fern Cliff Nature Preserve is a 157 acres (64 ha) land parcel of steep and near-vertical rock and stone surfaces located in Putnam County, Indiana, near Greencastle. It is a National Natural Landmark. The Nature Conservancy has custody over this nature preserve, and operates it as a botanical refuge. Parking for the trailhead is at the southwest corner of the Preserve.

Greencastle, Indiana
Greencastle is a city in Greencastle Township, Putnam County, Indiana, United States, and the county seat of Putnam County. It is located near Interstate 70 approximately halfway between Terre Haute and Indianapolis in the west-central portion of the state. The city is the home of DePauw University.  The population was 9,820 at the 2020 census.
Trapelia thieleana
Trapelia thieleana is a lichenised fungus in the family, Trapeliaceae. It was first described in 2014 by the mycologists, Gintaras Kantvilas, Steven Leavitt, John Elix and Thorsten Lumbsch.

It has been found in mallee woodland, on loose stones and outcrops of ironstone, in Western Australia, and on Kangaroo Island in South Australia.

It is distinguishable from T. coarctata by the bright yellow pigment patches on its upper surface.

John Alan Elix
John Alan (Jack) Elix (born 1941) emeritus professor in chemistry at the Australian National University, is an organic chemist who has contributed in many fields: lichenology, lichen chemotaxonomy, plant physiology and biodiversity and natural product chemistry. He has authored 2282 species names, and 67 genera in the field of mycology. Elix edited the exsiccata series Lichenes Australasici exsiccati.

The standard author abbreviation Elix is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Jian'an (Eastern Han)
Jian'an (February 196 – March 220) was the fifth era name of Emperor Xian of China's Eastern Han dynasty. It was used for a total of 25 years. Jian'an was the era name established by Emperor Xian when he was in exile during the rebellion of Li Jue and Guo Si. In 196, warlord Cao Cao welcomed Emperor Xian in Xu County (present-day Jian'an District, Xuchang, Henan Province) and began to control the imperial government, "holding the emperor to order the princes" (挾天子以令諸侯), so the Jian'an period can also be said to be the period when Cao Cao was in power. During this period, Cao Cao had basically unified the north, and the situation and basis of the Three Kingdoms was also established during this period.

After Cao Cao's death in March 220 (Jian'an 25, 3rd month), the era was changed to Yankang 1 (延康元年, "the first year of Yankang").

Battle of Chang'an
The Battle of Chang'an, also known as the Sack of Chang'an, took place in the western Chinese imperial capital city of Chang'an on 28 June 192, at the end of the Han dynasty, the prelude of the Three Kingdoms.
Frazier Reams Jr.
Henry Frazier Reams Jr. (October 21, 1929 – July 20, 2020) was an American politician and attorney in Ohio. He was the son of U.S. Representative Frazier Reams Sr. Reams served in the Ohio State Senate from 1963 to 1966. In 1966, Reams was nominated by the Democratic party for the office of Governor of Ohio. He lost to the incumbent, Jim Rhodes.

Governor of Ohio
The governor of Ohio is the head of government of Ohio and the commander-in-chief of the U.S. state's military forces. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws, the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Ohio General Assembly, the power to convene and adjourn the legislature, and the power to grant pardons, except in cases of treason and impeachment.

The current governor is Mike DeWine, a member of the Republican Party who took office on January 14, 2019 following the 2018 Ohio gubernatorial election. He was re-elected to a second term in 2022.
Zazen Produções
Zazen Produções is a Brazilian film and television production company founded in 1997 by filmmakers Marcos Prado and José Padilha.

Zazen have their films distributed in Theaters and TV for various countries by companies, such as IM Global, Universal Pictures, Paramount Pictures, The Weinstein Company, HBO, National Geographic, ARTE France, BBC, NHK, ThinkFilm, RioFilme, SIC Portugal and Canal Brasil, among others.

Canal Brasil
Canal Brasil is a Brazilian subscription TV channel with programming focused on the country's audiovisual productions.

It's the result of an association of Grupo Globo's cable TV division Canais Globo with the company Grupo Consórcio Brasil (GCB), formed by Luiz Carlos Barreto, Zelito Vianna, Marco Altberg, Roberto Farias, Anibal Massaini Neto, Patrick Siaretta, André Saddy and Paulo Mendonça.
Lupinine
Lupinine is a quinolizidine alkaloid present in the genus Lupinus (colloquially referred to as lupins) of the flowering plant family Fabaceae. The scientific literature contains many reports on the isolation and synthesis of this compound as well as a vast number of studies on its biosynthesis from its natural precursor, lysine. Studies have shown that lupinine hydrochloride is a mildly toxic acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and that lupinine has an inhibitory effect on acetylcholine receptors. The characteristically bitter taste of lupin beans, which come from the seeds of Lupinus plants, is attributable to the quinolizidine alkaloids which they contain, rendering them unsuitable for human and animal consumption unless handled properly. However, because lupin beans have potential nutritional value due to their high protein content, efforts have been made to reduce their alkaloid content through the development of "sweet" varieties of Lupinus.

Acetylcholine receptor
An acetylcholine receptor (abbreviated AChR) or a cholinergic receptor is an integral membrane protein that responds to the binding of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter.

Acetylcholine receptors play varying roles in the central nervous system (CNS), the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and neuromuscular junctions, though most receptors function in a parasympathetic role. They also play a part in the development of the central nervous system, influencing factors such as neuronal growth and the formation of synapses.
Rolf Jørgen Fuglesang
Rolf Jørgen Fuglesang (31 January 1909 – 25 November 1988) was a Norwegian lawyer and politician. A member of Nasjonal Samling, he was the party's Secretary-General from 1933. During the German occupation of Norway in World War II, he served in the government of Vidkun Quisling as a secretary of state from 1940, and then as Minister of Culture and Enlightenment from 1942 until liberation in 1945. He was also President of the Kulturting between 1943 and 1945.

German occupation of Norway
The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany during the Second World War began on 9 April 1940 after Operation Weserübung. Conventional armed resistance to the German invasion ended on 10 June 1940, and Nazi Germany controlled Norway until the capitulation of German forces in Europe on 8 May 1945. Throughout this period, a pro-German government named Den nasjonale regjering ('the National Government') ruled Norway, while the Norwegian king Haakon VII and the prewar government escaped to London, where they formed a government in exile. Civil rule was effectively assumed by the Reichskommissariat Norwegen (Reich Commissariat of Norway), which acted in collaboration with the pro-German puppet government. This period of military occupation is, in Norway, referred to as the "war years", "occupation period" or simply "the war".
Bert Geddes
John Herbert Geddes (9 January 1907 — 16 August 1990) was a New Zealand international rugby union player.

Geddes was born in Invercargill and educated at Southland Boys' High School.

Possessing considerable pace, Geddes won an Otago sprint title and had a personal best in the 100 yards of 10 seconds even, making him well suited to playing wing three-quarter, although he was often let down by his ball handling.

Geddes, a consistent try-scorer with Southland, won All Blacks selection for the 1929 tour of Australia. He gained his only All Blacks cap in the first Test against the Wallabies in Sydney, with Hawke's Bay winger Bert Grenside preferred for the remaining internationals. He scored seven tries across the tour, including a hat-trick against Newcastle. There were suggestions of nepotism with his selection for the tour, as his father Arthur served on the selection panel.

1929 New Zealand rugby union tour of Australia
The 1929 New Zealand rugby tour to New South Wales was the 14th tour by the New Zealand national rugby union team to Australia.

For the first time since the First World War, Australia could present a real and official national team, after the activity of Rugby Union was suspended during the war and reprised only in New South Wales (many players switched to Rugby league especially in Queensland).

Australia won the 3 match Test series 3–0.
Emanuelina
Emanuelina [ɛmanuɛˈlina] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czarnożyły, within Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north of Czarnożyły, 9 km (6 mi) north of Wieluń, and 83 km (52 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieluń County
Wieluń County (Polish: powiat wieluński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Wieluń, which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 927.69 square kilometres (358.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 78,260, out of which the population of Wieluń is 24,347 and the rural population is 53,913.