hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aduaneros
The aduaneros (lit. "customs officers") were a special military force created by Tomás de Zumalacárregui during the First Carlist War in Spain.  They were entrusted with the levying of revenue for various consumer goods.  During the first years of the war, they prohibited the export and import of goods to isolated barracks and fortified villages that had sided with the Liberal (Isabeline) cause.

The aduaneros' uniform included corduroy pants, jacket, and vest; a flesh-colored corset; blue beret with white tassel; gray cloak; and alpargatas, a sort of light sandal made of hemp.  Their weapons included a bandolier and carbine.

Mariano José de Larra wrote a satirical article about them called "Nadie pase sin hablar con el portero" ("No one can pass without speaking first with the doorman").

Carbine
A carbine (/ˈkɑːrbiːn/ KAR-been or /ˈkɑːrbaɪn/ KAR-byn) is a long gun that has a barrel shortened from its original length. Most modern carbines are rifles that are compact versions of a longer rifle or are rifles chambered for less powerful cartridges.

The smaller size and lighter weight of carbines make them easier to handle. They are typically issued to high-mobility troops such as special operations soldiers and paratroopers, as well as to mounted, artillery, logistics, or other non-infantry personnel whose roles do not require full-sized rifles, although there is a growing tendency for carbines to be issued to front-line soldiers to offset the increasing weight of other issued equipment. An example of this is the M4 carbine, the standard issue carbine of the United States Armed Forces.
Steaming
Steaming is a method of cooking using steam. In steaming, the food is fully immersed in steam, with no air present, so that the steam condenses on the food, and then the condensate drips down away from the food. This is often achieved in a food steamer, a kitchen appliance made specifically to cook food with steam, but food can also be steamed in a wok. In the American Southwest, steam pits used for cooking have been found dating back about 5,000 years. Steaming is considered a healthy cooking technique that can be used for many kinds of foods.

Compared to full immersion in boiling water, steaming can be far faster and more energy-efficient because it requires heating very much less water and takes advantage of the excellent thermodynamic heat transfer properties of steam.

Mochi
Mochi (/ˈmoʊtʃiː/ MOH-chee; Japanese もち, 餅 [motɕi] ⓘ) is a Japanese rice cake made of mochigome (もち米), a short-grain japonica glutinous rice, and sometimes other ingredients such as water, sugar, and cornstarch. The steamed rice is pounded into paste and molded into the desired shape. In Japan, it is traditionally made in a ceremony called mochitsuki (餅搗き). While eaten year-round, mochi is a traditional food for the Japanese New Year, and is commonly sold and eaten during that time.

Mochi is made up of polysaccharides, lipids, protein, and water. Mochi has a varied structure of amylopectin gel, starch grains, and air bubbles. In terms of starch content, the rice used for mochi is very low in amylose and has a high amylopectin level, producing a gel-like consistency. The protein content of the japonica rice used to make mochi is higher than that of standard short-grain rice.

Mochi is similar to dango, which is made with rice flour instead of pounded rice grains.
Ace Troops
Ace Troops (Chinese: 王牌部队; pinyin: Wáng Pái Bù Duì) is a 2021 Chinese television drama jointly produced by Beijing iQiyi Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Contemporary Time Media Co., Ltd., the Propaganda Department of the CPC Changzhou Municipal Committee, the Political Work Department of the Eastern Theater Army, etc., written by Zhou Zhifang, Liu Yan, and Hu Jian, directed by Liu Yan, directed by Tian Yi, starring Huang Jingyu, Xiao Zhan and Zhong Chuxi with special appearance by  Bai Lu.

Filming began on August 15, 2020, in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, and took 122 days to complete on December 14, 2020, in Fuzhou, Fujian Province.

Zhong Chuxi
Zhong Chuxi (Chinese: 钟楚曦; pinyin: Zhōng Chǔxī; born 18 March 1993), also known as Elane Zhong or Elaine Zhong, is a Chinese actress best known for portraying Nie Xiaoqian in the 2019 film The Knight of Shadows: Between Yin and Yang.
La Légende de Saint-Julien L'hospitalier (opera)
La Légende de Saint-Julien L’hospitalier is an 1897 opera by Camille Erlanger based on the story of the same name by Gustave Flaubert. It was Erlanger's first opera, and following a concert performance at the conservatoire in 1894 was produced at the Opera-comique, Paris, in 1897.

Gustave Flaubert
Gustave Flaubert (UK: /ˈfloʊbɛər/ FLOH-bair, US: /floʊˈbɛər/ floh-BAIR; French: [ɡystav flobɛʁ]; 12 December 1821 – 8 May 1880) was a French novelist. He has been considered the leading exponent of literary realism in his country and abroad. According to the literary theorist Kornelije Kvas, "in Flaubert, realism strives for formal perfection, so the presentation of reality tends to be neutral, emphasizing the values and importance of style as an objective method of presenting reality". He is known especially for his debut novel Madame Bovary (1857), his Correspondence, and his scrupulous devotion to his style and aesthetics. The celebrated short story writer Guy de Maupassant was a protégé of Flaubert.
1909 New York City mayoral election
An election for Mayor of New York City was held in November 1909.

Incumbent mayor George B. McClellan Jr. was not nominated for a third term in office. He was succeeded by Democratic candidate William Jay Gaynor, who defeated William Randolph Hearst and Otto Bannard in the general election.

After the election, Gaynor survived being shot in the throat by a disappointed office-seeker in 1910 but died at sea from the indirect effects of his injury on September 10, 1913. He was succeeded for the rest of 1913 by Ardolph Loges Kline, the acting president of the board of aldermen.

This was the first mayoral election since consolidation that a candidate carried all five boroughs.

George B. McClellan Jr.
George Brinton McClellan Jr. (November 23, 1865 – November 30, 1940), was an American politician and historian. He was elected as the 94th Mayor of New York City, serving from 1904 to 1909. He was the son of Civil War general George B. McClellan, who was the 1864 Democratic presidential nominee.
Red Smith (coach)
Herman Edward "Red" Smith (August 31, 1906 – May 8, 1959) was an American football, baseball, and track coach. He served as the head football coach at Hampden–Sydney College in Hampden Sydney, Virginia from 1939 to 1941 and Furman University in Greenville, South Carolina from 1948 to 1949, compiling a career college football coaching record of 15–28–1.  Smith was also the head baseball coach at The Citadel in 1936.

Born in Mountville, South Carolina, Smith played football at Furman and was selected as All-Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) as a tackle.  He began his coaching career at Simpsonville High School in Simpsonville, South Carolina before moving to Gaffney High School in Gaffney, South Carolina.  Smith earned a Master of Arts degree from the University of Michigan.

Hampden Sydney, Virginia
Hampden Sydney is a census-designated place (CDP) in Prince Edward County, Virginia, United States. The population was 1,450 at the 2010 census.

Hampden Sydney is the home of Hampden–Sydney College, a private all-male college that is the tenth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States.
Marilia Andrés Casares
Marilia Andrés Casares (born 17 December 1974 in Cuenca) is a Spanish singer-songwriter.

Since she was a child, she showed a great interest in music and in the last course of high-school, she met Marta Botía, with whom she created the successful group Ella baila sola. They performed in several parks in Madrid until they recorded their first album in 1996. They split up in 2001. However, in 2021, the duo (original members Marta y Marilia) reunited to perform a few live concerts in celebration of their 25th anniversary.

Cuenca, Spain
Cuenca (Spanish: [ˈkweŋka] ⓘ) is a city and municipality of Spain located in the autonomous community of Castilla–La Mancha and the capital of the province of Cuenca.

The primitive urban core developed on a narrow escarpment caged between the Júcar and the Huécar rivers, on the western fringes of the Iberian System mountains. It was probably founded towards the 10th century CE, becoming a stronghold of the Arabised Berber lineage of the Banū Zennum, featuring a fortress, Qal'at Kūnka, which was conquered for the Kingdom of Castile in 1177. In the early modern period, the city boasted of a thriving textile and tapestry industry.
Jim Verdieck
James Edwin Verdieck (June 9, 1919 – October 26, 2001) was an American football and tennis coach. He served as the head football coach at Redlands University in Redlands, California from 1953 to 1958, compiling a record of 34–19–3.  Verdieck played college football at Stanford University as a center.  He was a member of Clark Shaughnessy's 1940 Stanford Indians football team, which went undefeated, winning the Pacific Coast Conference and the 1941 Rose Bowl.

Pacific Coast Conference
The Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) was a collegiate athletic conference in the United States which existed from 1915 to 1959.  Though the Pac-12 Conference claims the PCC's history as part of its own, with eight of the ten PCC members (including all four original PCC charter members) in the Pac-12 for many years, the older league had a completely different charter and was disbanded in 1959 due to a major crisis and scandal.

Established on December 2, 1915, its four charter members were the University of California (now University of California, Berkeley), the University of Washington, the University of Oregon, and Oregon Agricultural College (now Oregon State University).
1998 Kremlin Cup – Women's doubles
Arantxa Sánchez-Vicario and Natasha Zvereva were the defending champions but only Zvereva competed that year with Mary Pierce.

Pierce and Zvereva won in the final 6–3, 6–4 against Lisa Raymond and Rennae Stubbs.

Mary Pierce
Mary Caroline Pierce (born 15 January 1975) is a French former professional tennis player. She was ranked world No. 3 in singles and in doubles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). Pierce won 18 singles titles on the WTA Tour, including two majors at the 1995 Australian Open and the 2000 French Open, and five Tier I singles events. Pierce was a finalist at a further four singles majors, and twice at the Tour Finals.

In doubles, Pierce won 10 doubles titles on the WTA Tour, including two major titles at the 2000 French Open in women's doubles partnering Martina Hingis, and at the 2005 Wimbledon Championships in mixed doubles partnering Mahesh Bhupathi. She was also a runner-up in women's doubles at the 2000 Australian Open, partnering Hingis.

Pierce was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2019. She is the most recent Frenchwoman to win the French Open singles title.
1997 Big 12 Conference softball tournament
The 1997 Big 12 Conference softball tournament was held at ASA Hall of Fame Stadium in Oklahoma City, OK from May 2 through May 4, 1997. Missouri won their first conference tournament and earned the Big 12 Conference's automatic bid to the 1997 NCAA Division I softball tournament.

Missouri, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska and Oklahoma State received bids to the NCAA tournament.

Oklahoma State Cowgirls softball
The Oklahoma State Cowgirls softball team represents Oklahoma State University–Stillwater in NCAA Division I college softball.  The team participates in the Big 12 Conference. The Cowgirls are currently led by head coach Kenny Gajewski. The team plays its home games at Cowgirl Stadium located on the university's campus.
Lugeon
A Lugeon is a unit devised to quantify the water permeability of bedrock and the hydraulic conductivity resulting from fractures; it is named after Maurice Lugeon, a Swiss geologist who first formulated the method in 1933. More specifically, the Lugeon test is used to measure the amount of water injected into a segment of the bored hole under a steady pressure; the value (Lugeon value) is defined as the loss of water in litres per minute and per metre borehole at an over-pressure of 1 MPa.

Although the Lugeon test may serve other purposes, its main object is to determine the Lugeon coefficient which by definition is water absorption measured in litres per metre of test-stage per minute at a pressure of 10 kg/cm2 (1 MN/m2).

Bedrock
In geology, bedrock is the solid rock that lies under weathered rock and unconsolidated or loose superficial deposits (together known as regolith) in the near surface part of Earth's crust or the crust of another terrestrial planet. The top of the bedrock is known as rockhead.
Toomorrow
Toomorrow can refer to:

Toomorrow (film) a 1970 British science fiction musical film
Toomorrow (soundtrack) - the soundtrack from the film
Toomorrow (band), the band featured in the film and soundtrack

Toomorrow (Wagon Christ album), an album by Luke Vibert

Luke Vibert
Luke Vibert (born 26 January 1973) is a British electronic musician and producer, also known for his work under several aliases such as Plug and Wagon Christ. Raised in Cornwall, Vibert began releasing projects in the 1990s across varied genres, including techno, drum and bass, and trip hop. He has recorded on labels such as Rephlex, Ninja Tune, Planet Mu, and Warp.
Dennis Mizzi
Dennis Mizzi (born 19 May 1964 in Malta) was a professional footballer, during his career he played for Żurrieq, where he played as a striker.

Mizzi played for the Malta national football team in the UEFA Euro 1988 qualifying rounds.

UEFA Euro 1988
The 1988 UEFA European Football Championship final tournament was held in West Germany from 10 to 25 June 1988. It was the eighth UEFA European Championship, which is held every four years and supported by UEFA. France were the defending champions, but failed to qualify. The tournament crowned the Netherlands as European champions for the first time.

Euro 1988 was a rare instance of a major football tournament ending without a single sending-off or goalless draw, nor any knockout matches going to extra time or penalties. This was the final European Championship to feature teams from West Germany and the Soviet Union, as the West and East Germans reunified to become Germany in 1990, and the Soviet Union disintegrated into 15 countries in 1991.
Aloka Pathirana
Aloka Pathirana FRCS (RCS England & RCSEd), MBBS, MS, is a Sri Lankan surgeon, doctor, academic and Professor of Surgery. A specialist in cancer surgery, he has served as the Dean of the Faculty of Medical Sciences at the University of Sri Jayewardenepura since November 2020.

He is also a Consultant Surgeon at the Colombo South Teaching Hospital (Kalubowila Hospital). He was a former Secretary of The College of Surgeons of Sri Lanka in 2004, under Prof Mohan De Silva, who was the 22nd president.

Demographics of Sri Lanka
This is a demography of the population of Sri Lanka including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the population, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Sri Lanka is an island in the Indian Ocean, also called Ceylon and many other names. It is about the size of Ireland. It is about 28 kilometres (18 mi.) off the south-eastern coast of India with a population of about 22 million. Density is highest in the south west where Colombo, the country's main port and industrial center, is located. The net population growth is about 0.7%. Sri Lanka is ethnically, linguistically, and religiously diverse.
Cornock
Cornock is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Don Cornock (1930–1969), Scottish footballer

Matthew Cornock (1890–1961), Scottish footballer

Walter Cornock (1921–2007), Australian football goalkeeper and first-class cricketer

Walter Cornock
Walter Berkeley Cornock (1 January 1921 – 20 November 2007) was an Australian football goalkeeper and first-class cricketer. Born in Waverley, Sydney; he moved to the United Kingdom and played in the Football League for Rochdale and played first-class cricket for Leicestershire. He also saw active service in the navy in Africa during the Second World War.

Cornock was born to an Australian father and English mother .  His family returned to England while he was a child.
Scutiger chintingensis
Scutiger chintingensis, also known as the Chinting lazy toad or Chinting alpine toad, is an endangered species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to the Mount Emei region of Sichuan, China.

Mount Emei
Mount Emei ([ɤ̌.měɪ]; Chinese: 峨眉山; pinyin: Éméi shān), alternatively Mount Omei, is a 3,099-metre-tall (10,167 ft) mountain in Sichuan Province, China, and is the highest of the Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains of China. Mount Emei sits at the western rim of the Sichuan Basin. The mountains west of it are known as Daxiangling.
A large surrounding area of countryside is geologically known as the Permian Emeishan Large Igneous Province, a large igneous province generated by the Emeishan Traps volcanic eruptions during the Permian Period.

Administratively, Mount Emei is located near the county-level city of the same name (Emeishan City), which is in turn part of the prefecture-level city of Leshan. It was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996.
Steffen Schmidt
Steffen Walter Schmidt is a Colombian-born political scientist.

Schmidt was born in Colombia and is of German-Jewish descent. He attended Rollins College and earned a doctorate in public law and government from Columbia University. He taught at Southampton College prior to joining the faculty of Iowa State University in 1970. He became a member of Phi Kappa Phi in 1997, was appointed director of international programs for the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences in 2004, and was named inaugural Lucken Professor in Political Science in 2017. Dr. Schmidt has written a number of textbooks regarding the American Government and politics that are used in various colleges in the United States. Upon Schmidt's retirement, he was granted emeritus status and David A. M. Peterson was named Lucken Professor.

Rollins College
Rollins College is a private liberal arts college in Winter Park, Florida. It was founded in November 1885 and has about 30 undergraduate majors and several master's programs. Florida's fourth oldest post-secondary institution, and oldest private university, it has an approximate enrollment of 3,000 students, composed of roughly 2,500 undergraduates and 500 postgraduates.
Anani Dziakaŭ
Anani Dziakaŭ (October 1, 1896 – October 29, 1937) was a Belarusian teacher. He was the fourth president of the Belarusian State University from 1934–1935. During the Great Purge, he was killed in the 1937 mass execution of Belarusians.

Belarusian State University
The Belarusian State University (BSU) (Belarusian: Белару́скі дзяржа́ўны ўніверсітэ́т, romanized: Biełaruski dziaržaŭny ŭniviersitet, Belarusian pronunciation: [bʲelaˈruskʲi d͡zʲarˈʒawnɨ wnʲivʲersʲiˈtɛt]; Russian: Белору́сский госуда́рственный университе́т) is a university in Minsk, Belarus. It was founded on October 30, 1921.
Mental Deficiency Act 1913
The Mental Deficiency Act 1913 (3 & 4 Geo. 5. c. 28) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom creating provisions for the institutional treatment of people deemed to be "feeble-minded" and "moral defectives". People deemed "mentally defective" under this Act could be locked up indefinitely in a "mental deficiency colony", despite not being diagnosed with any mental illness or disability, or committing any crime.

In the late 1940s, the National Council for Civil Liberties discovered that 50,000 people were locked up under the act, and that 30% of them had been locked up for 10-20 years already. The act remained in effect until it was repealed by the Mental Health Act 1959, but people detained under this Act were still being discovered in institutions as late as the 1990s.

Feeble-minded
The term feeble-minded was used from the late 19th century in Europe, the United States, and Australasia for disorders later referred to as illnesses, deficiencies of the mind, and disabilities.

At the time, mental deficiency encompassed all degrees of educational and social deficiency. Within the concept of mental deficiency, researchers established a hierarchy, ranging from idiocy, at the most severe end of the scale; to imbecility, at the median point; and to feeble-mindedness at the highest end of functioning. The last was conceived of as a form of high-grade mental deficiency.

The development of the ranking system of mental deficiency has been attributed to Sir Charles Trevelyan in 1876, and was associated with the rise of eugenics. The term and hierarchy had been used in that sense at least 10 years previously.

During this time, institutions for individuals labeled as feeble-minded grew due to rising social concern and changes in education.
Song for Africa – Rwanda: Rises Up!
Song for Africa – Rwanda: Rises Up! is a Canadian charity album by the Song for Africa organization. The album is an accompanying soundtrack to the charity fund's latest Rwanda documentary which documents the visit to Rwanda by the Canadian super group of Steve Bays of Hot Hot Heat, Tim Edwards of Crash Parallel, Sarah Slean, Damhnait Doyle and John-Angus MacDonald of the Trews. Other Canadian artists featured on the album include Ian D'Sa of Billy Talent, Operation M.D., Classified, Luke McMaster, Mike Boyd, White Mic and Grand Analog.

The album was recorded in early 2010, and was released on iTunes only on June 15, 2010, following the release of the documentary on June 12, 2010.

Steve Bays
Steve Bays is a Canadian musician, audio engineer, and producer. He is a member of Canadian bands Left Field Messiah, Fur Trade, and Mounties. Bays was also the frontman and one of the founding members of Hot Hot Heat.
Spir Mountain Cairns
The Spir Mountain Cairns (Swedish: Spirbergsrösena) are two well preserved Bronze Age cairns in Ångermanland, Norrland, Sweden, built as graves and burial monuments, with burial cists interred. The ancient site is located at the top of the mountain Spirberget by Lake Mosjön in the Grundsunda parish, north of Örnsköldsvik at the High Coast in Ångermanland. The name Spirbergsrösena (English: The Spir Mountain Cairns) was  introduced by archaeologist Carl L. Thunberg as a formal name concept for the site in 2014 before a public lecture on behalf of the Swedish National Heritage Board, in connection with that year's Swedish national "Archaeology Day".

Carl L. Thunberg
Carl Leif Torbjörn Hugo Erik Johan Erskine Thunberg, FSAScot (born 25 October 1963) is a Swedish popular historian active in cultural heritage protection, and was one of the founders of Blue Shield Sweden from 2023 to 2024, through which process Sweden established its own national committee within  Blue Shield International in 2024. As a writer, he has primarily focused on subjects related to the Viking Age and the Middle Ages.