hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kosmos 1341
Kosmos 1341 (Russian: Космос 1341 meaning Cosmos 1341) was a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1982 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite was designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 1341 was launched from Site 16/2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 05:44 UTC on 3 March 1982. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1982-016A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 13080.

Early warning system
An early warning system is a warning system that can be implemented as a chain of information communication systems and comprises sensors, event detection and decision subsystems for early identification of hazards. They work together to forecast and signal disturbances that adversely affect the stability of the physical world, providing time for the response system to prepare for the adverse event and to minimize its impact.

To be effective, early warning systems need to actively involve the communities at risk, facilitate public education and awareness of risks, effectively disseminate alerts, and warnings and ensure there is constant state of preparedness. A complete and effective early warning system supports four main functions: risk analysis, monitoring and warning; dissemination and communication; and a response capability.
Myrofyllo
Myrofyllo (Greek: Μυρόφυλλο) is a village and a former community in the Trikala regional unit, Thessaly, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Pyli, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 32.932 km2. Its permanent population is 234 (2021).

Trikala (regional unit)
Trikala (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Τρικάλων) is one of the regional units of Greece, forming the northwestern part of the region of Thessaly. Its capital is the city of Trikala. The regional unit includes the town of Kalampaka and the Meteora monastery complex, the town of Pyli, the town of Farkadona and the mountain range of south Pindus with its tourist destinations (i.e. Pyli's stone bridge, Basilica Church of Porta Panagia, Elati, Pertouli, Palaiokarya's stone bridge and waterfall, Pertouli Ski Center etc.).
Shane Briant
Shane Briant (17 August 1946 – 26 May 2021) was an English actor and novelist. Briant studied law at Trinity College Dublin but became a professional actor playing the lead in Hamlet at the Eblana Theatre, Dublin. Briant is best known for his roles in four Hammer Films productions; Demons of the Mind, Straight on Till Morning, Captain Kronos - Vampire Hunter, and Frankenstein and the Monster from Hell. He also resided in Sydney, Australia with his wife Wendy (née Lycett).

Eblana Theatre
The Eblana Theatre in Ireland was situated in the basement of Busáras, Dublin's central bus station. A small theatre seating 225–240 people, it had no wings, nor other common items of theatrical architecture having been adapted from a short-lived newsreel cinema. It operated from 17 September 1959 until 1995.
Snow Buddies
Snow Buddies is a 2008 American adventure comedy film and the second installment in the Air Buddies series. It was released on DVD on February 5, 2008. The film takes place in the fictional town of Ferntiuktuk, Alaska.

It is the final installment in the series to feature Buddy himself as well as any characters from the Air Bud films.

Alaskan husky
The Alaskan husky is a breed of medium-sized working sled dog, developed specifically for its performance as such.

Alaskan huskies are the most commonly used type of dog for competitive sled dog racing, both in short-distance sprint racing as well as long-distance expedition races such as the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race, the Yukon Quest, and the Finnmarkslopet.
Jimi Hendrix (film)
Jimi Hendrix is a 1973 rockumentary about Jimi Hendrix, directed and produced by Joe Boyd, John Head and Gary Weis. The film contains concert footage of Hendrix from 1967 to 1970, including the Monterey Pop Festival, the 1970 Isle of Wight Festival, Woodstock, and a Berkeley concert. The film also includes interviews with Hendrix' contemporaries, family and friends. Those appearing in the film include Paul Caruso, Eric Clapton, Billy Cox, Alan Douglas, Germaine Greer, Hendrix' father, James A. "Al" Hendrix, Mick Jagger, Linda Keith, Eddie Kramer, Buddy Miles, Mitch Mitchell, Juggy Murray, Little Richard, Lou Reed and Pete Townshend. Noel Redding refused to be interviewed as he had a pending lawsuit against the Hendrix Estate.

The film is also known as A Film About Jimi Hendrix. This title was used on the 2005 DVD cover and theatrical poster.

Noel Redding
David Noel Redding (25 December 1945 – 11 May 2003) was an English rock musician, best known as the bass player for the Jimi Hendrix Experience and guitarist/singer for Fat Mattress.

Following his departure from the Experience in 1969 and the dissolution of Fat Mattress in 1970, Redding formed the short-lived group Road in the United States, which released the self-titled album Road before he re-located to Clonakilty, Ireland, in 1972. There he formed the Noel Redding Band with former Thin Lizzy guitarist Eric Bell, with whom he released two albums. Although by the 1980s Redding had largely removed himself from the music business, he would later perform around his new hometown with wife Carol Appleby.

He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992 as a member of the Jimi Hendrix Experience.
Green Rockets Tokatsu
NEC Green Rockets Tokatsu (formerly NEC Green Rockets) is a Japanese rugby union team in the Japan Rugby League One. The team's captain is Ryota Asano. The previous captain was Takuro Miuchi, who was also the captain of the Japan national rugby union team. Before the semi-professional Top League was created, the team was just known as "NEC". The amateur club was founded in 1985 in the Kantō region.

NEC Green Rockets won the All-Japan Championship final for the second time on 27 February 2005, beating Toyota Verblitz 17-13. They drew 6-6 with Toshiba Brave Lupus in the 43rd Japan Championship final on 26 February 2006 after an effective defensive effort and the sin-binning of Glen Marsh in the last ten minutes of the game.

The team rebranded as Green Rockets Tokatsu ahead of the rebranding of the Top League to the Japan Rugby League One in 2022.

Penalty box
The penalty box or sin bin (sometimes called the bad box, or simply bin or box) is the area in ice hockey, rugby union, rugby league, roller derby and some other sports where a player sits to serve the time of a given penalty, for an offence not severe enough to merit outright expulsion from the contest. Teams are generally not allowed to replace players who have been sent to the penalty box.
Anglo-Siamese War
The Anglo-Siamese War (or Anglo-Thai War) was a brief state of war that existed between the English East India Company and the Kingdom of Siam in 1687–88. Siam officially declared war against the Company in August 1687. No peace treaty was ever signed to end the war, but the Siamese revolution of 1688 rendered the issue moot.

The war resulted in part from the jostling of the great powers—England, the United Provinces and France—for trading influence in Siam. The immediate casus belli was the dispute between Siam and the Company over the actions of the Siamese officials at Mergui (Myeik), which the English considered piracy, and the English response, which included a naval blockade of Mergui. With the exception of the fighting at Mergui on 14 June 1687—which amounted to a massacre of English sailors on shore by the Siamese—the actual war was confined to commerce raiding.

Commerce raiding
Commerce raiding is a form of naval warfare used to destroy or disrupt logistics of the enemy on the open sea by attacking its merchant shipping, rather than engaging its combatants or enforcing a blockade against them. Privateering is a form of commerce raiding conducted by independent operators.
Aliaksandr Lisouski
Aliaksandr Lisouski (born 13 November 1985 in Gomel) is a Belarusian racing cyclist. At the 2008 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, he won the gold medal in the scratch race and the bronze in the omnium. Lisouski began cycling in Gomel, his first coach was Anatoly Viktorovich Borets. In 2008 he was Honored Master of Sports of the Republic of Belarus.

2008 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 2008 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were the World Championship for track cycling. They took place at the Manchester Velodrome in Manchester, United Kingdom from 26 to 30 March 2008. Eighteen events were scheduled: the women's team pursuit being the only addition from the 2007 championships.

As in 2007, the domination of the Great Britain team was clear. Breaking three world records en route, they won eleven medals in total. Indeed, half of the eighteen gold medals on offer were won by the British team.
D-nopaline dehydrogenase
In enzymology, D-nopaline dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.1.19) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The three substrates of this enzyme are nopaline, oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+), and water. Its products are L-arginine, reduced NADPH, α-ketoglutaric acid and a proton. Nopaline is a member of the class of compounds called opines.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-NH group of donors with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is N2-(D-1,3-dicarboxypropyl)-L-arginine:NADP+ oxidoreductase (L-arginine-forming). Other names in common use include D-nopaline synthase, nopaline dehydrogenase, nopaline synthase, NOS, 2-N-(D-1,3-dicarboxypropyl)-L-arginine:NADP+ oxidoreductase, and (L-arginine-forming).  This enzyme participates in arginine and proline metabolism.

Arginine and proline metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism is one of the central pathways for the biosynthesis of the amino acids arginine and proline from glutamate. The pathways linking arginine, glutamate, and proline are bidirectional. Thus, the net utilization or production of these amino acids is highly dependent on cell type and developmental stage.
Altered proline metabolism has been linked to metastasis formation in breast cancer.
2024 Nigeria Prize for Literature
The 2024 Nigeria Prize for Literature is a literary award worth US$100,000 given for the best English-language novel published by a Nigerian author. The winner, Olubunmi Familoni for his novel The Road Does Not End, was announced on 11 October 2024 at Eko Hotels and Suites in Lagos.

Focused on children's literature, there were 163 entries during the submission space. The jury comprises Saleh Adu, the Chairman, Vicky Sylvester, Igudia Osarobu, and Chris Okemwa. On 13 July 2024, 11 books were longlisted and were announced by Akachi Adimora-Ezeigbo, the Chairman of the Advisory Board alongside Ahmed Yerima.

On 9 September 2024, the shortlist was released and it contained only three books; A Father's Pride by Ndidi Chiazor-Enenmor, The Road Does Not End by Olubunmi Familoni and Wish Maker by Uchechukwu Peter Umezurike. On 11 October 2024, Familoni was announced as the winner for his novel The Road does not End.

Nigeria Prize for Literature
The Nigeria Prize for Literature is a literary award given annually to honour literary works of excellence by Nigerian authors. Founded in 2004, the award rotates among four genres; fiction, poetry, drama and children's literature, repeating the cycle every four years. With the total prize value of US$100,000 to individual winner, it is the biggest literary award in Africa and one of the richest literary awards in the world.
Mir Dast Afridi
Mir Dast, Mir Dost or Mir Dost Afridi VC, IOM, OBI (3 December 1874 – 19 January 1945) was a British Indian soldier and a recipient of the Victoria Cross for action during the First World War, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Mir Dast returned to British India as a handicapped and injured soldier and received a hero's welcome.

Order of British India
The Order of British India was an order of merit established in 1837 by the East India Company for "long, faithful and honourable service". The company's powers were removed after the Indian Mutiny, and the Order was incorporated into the British Honours System in 1859. The order became obsolete in 1947, after the partition of British India into the Dominion of India and the Dominion of Pakistan.
Fontem
Fontem is a sub division  in the Lebialem division of Cameroon. Consisting of three Fondoms, Lebang, the biggest, Essoh Etah and Fotabong III. Its headquarters are at Menji, they are located in the South West Region, and are west of Dschang and Bafoussam.

Southwest Region (Cameroon)
The Southwest Region or South-West Region (French: Région du Sud-Ouest) is a region with special status in Cameroon. Its capital is Buea. As of 2015, its population was 1,553,320. Along with the Northwest Region, it is one of the two Anglophone (English-speaking) regions of Cameroon. Various Ambazonian nationalist and separatist factions regard the South-West region as being distinct as a polity from Cameroon.
Park (Wolverhampton ward)
Park, or Park Ward, is a ward of Wolverhampton City Council, West Midlands. It is located to the west of the city centre, and covers parts of the suburbs Bradmore, Compton, Finchfield, Merridale, Newbridge and Whitmore Reans. It borders the St Peter's, Graiseley, Merry Hill, Tettenhall Wightwick and Tettenhall Regis wards. It forms part of the Wolverhampton West constituency.

Finchfield
Finchfield is a suburb of Wolverhampton, West Midlands, England. It is located south-west of the city centre, within the Tettenhall Wightwick Ward between the Merry Hill and Tettenhall Regis Wards of Wolverhampton City Council. Many of the streets have arboreal/plant related names.
M. Moses
M. Moses is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly from Nagercoil constituency as a Swatantra Party (SP) candidate in 1971, as an Indian National Congress (INC) candidate in 1989 and 1991, and as a candidate of the Tamil Maanila Congress (TMC) in 1996.

1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
The ninth legislative assembly election of Tamil Nadu was held on 21 January 1989. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) won the election and its leader M. Karunanidhi became the Chief Minister. It was his third term in office. The DMK was in power only for a short term, as it was dismissed on 31 January 1991 by the Indian Prime minister Chandra Shekhar using Article 356 of the Indian Constitution.
Hammatoderus confusor
Hammatoderus confusor is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Dillon and Dillon in 1941. Its Geographical distribution is Brazil (Goiás, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, São Paulo), Peru, Bolivia (Santa Cruz), Paraguay, Colombia (Valle del Cauca and Meta) and Argentina (Misiones).

Its size varies from 32.0 to 33.3 mm in males and from 29.1 to 35.2 mm in females.

Santa Cruz Department
Santa Cruz (Spanish pronunciation: [ˌsanta ˈkɾus]) is the largest of the nine constituent departments of Bolivia, occupying about one-third (33.74%) of the country's territory. With an area of 370,621 km2 (143,098 sq mi), it is slightly smaller than Japan or the US state of Montana. It is located in the eastern part of the country, sharing borders in the north and east with Brazil and with Paraguay in the south.

In the 2024 census, it had an estimated population of 3.1 million, making it the most populated department. Its capital city is Santa Cruz de la Sierra. The department is one of the wealthiest departments in Bolivia, with huge reserves of natural gas. Besides, it has experienced the highest increase of economic growth during the last 50 years in Bolivia and South America.
SuperCollider
SuperCollider is an environment and audio programming language released originally in 1996 by James McCartney for real-time audio synthesis and algorithmic composition.

Since then it has been evolving into a system used and further developed by both scientists and artists working with sound. It is a dynamic programming language providing a framework for acoustic research, algorithmic music, interactive programming, and live coding.

Originally released under the terms of the GPL-2.0-or-later in 2002, and from version 3.4 under GPL-3.0-or-later, SuperCollider is free and open-source software.

Open Sound Control
Open Sound Control (OSC) is a protocol for networking sound synthesizers, computers, and other multimedia devices for purposes such as musical performance or show control. OSC's advantages include interoperability, accuracy, flexibility and enhanced organization and documentation. Its disadvantages include inefficient coding of information, increased load on embedded processors, and lack of standardized messages/interoperability.  The first specification was released in March 2002.
Tanahmerah Bay
Tanahmerah Bay, or Tanah Merah Bay, (Indonesian: Teluk Tanahmerah, "red soil bay") is a bay on the north coast of New Guinea, in Jayapura Regency, Papua, Indonesia, about 50 km northwest of the provincial capital of Jayapura.

During World War II, the Jayapura (then Hollandia) area was a Japanese army and air force base. On 22 April 1944, two regiments of the 24th Infantry Division landed in Tanamerah Bay, as part of Operation Reckless. Subsequently, the area became an Allied base, Naval Base Hollandia, supporting further actions in the Southwest Pacific, and the invasion of the Philippines.

Jayapura Regency
Jayapura Regency is one of the regencies (kabupaten) in Papua Province of Indonesia. It is situated to the west of but does not include the city of Jayapura. Previously covering most of the north-east portion of Papua province, it was reduced substantially in extent from 12 November 2002, when the eastern districts were split off to form a new Keerom Regency and the western districts were split off to form a new Sarmi Regency. It now covers an area of 17,516.6 km2 (but see Note (h) under table below), and had a population of 111,943 at the 2010 Census and 166,171 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 203,772 (comprising 105,242 males and 98,530 females). The administrative centre is the town of Sentani, which had 26,518 inhabitants in mid 2024 in the 20.562 of its town (kelurahan) area.
John McCaffrey (fundraiser)
John McCaffrey (born Apr 1968) is a fundraising professional. He is currently (2024) President of the Galileo Foundation, an organisation he founded in 2016 to support the work of the Pontifical Academies of Sciences and Social Sciences and Pope Francis' leadership in the areas of modern slavery and human trafficking, climate change and poverty.

He was briefly (July 2012 – Dec 2013) the Commercial Director of Labour Party's with a remit to increase party fundraising.

Fundraising
Fundraising or fund-raising is the process of seeking and gathering voluntary financial contributions by engaging individuals, businesses, charitable foundations, or governmental agencies. Although fundraising typically refers to efforts to gather money for non-profit organizations, it is sometimes used to refer to the identification and solicitation of investors or other sources of capital for for-profit enterprises.

Traditionally, fundraising has consisted mostly of asking for donations through face-to-face fundraising, such as door-knocking. In recent years, though, new forms such as online fundraising or grassroots fundraising have emerged.
Joanna Cole (politician)
Joanna E. Cole (born January 23, 1948) is an American politician and educator from Burlington, Vermont, in the United States. A member of the Democratic Party, she was elected to the Vermont House of Representatives in 2012, representing the Chittenden-6-1 district, which includes Burlington's New North End. She took office on January 9, 2013.

Vermont House of Representatives
The Vermont House of Representatives is the lower house of the Vermont General Assembly, the state legislature of Vermont. The House comprises 150 members, with each member representing around 4,100 citizens. Representatives are elected to two-year terms without term limits.

Vermont had a unicameral legislature until 1836. It added a senate by constitutional amendment. The House meets in Representatives Hall at the Vermont State House in Montpelier. It is the only U.S. state legislature whose debating chamber seating layout comes closer to that of the Westminster-style parliament found elsewhere, being similar to debating chambers in Australian state parliaments.
Canton Tower
The Canton Tower (Chinese: 广州塔), formally Guangzhou TV Astronomical and Sightseeing Tower (Chinese: 广州电视台天文及观光塔), is a 600 m (1,969 ft)-tall multipurpose observation tower in the Haizhu District of Guangzhou (alternatively romanized as Canton). The tower was topped out in 2009 and it became operational on 29 September 2010 in time for the 2010 Asian Games. The tower briefly held the title of tallest tower in the world, replacing the CN Tower, before being surpassed by the Tokyo Skytree. It was the tallest structure in China prior to the topping out of the Shanghai Tower on 3 August 2013, and is now the second-tallest tower and the fifth-tallest freestanding structure in the world.

Tower
A tower is a tall structure, taller than it is wide, often by a significant factor. Towers are distinguished from masts by their lack of guy-wires and are therefore, along with tall buildings, self-supporting structures.

Towers are specifically distinguished from buildings in that they are built not to be habitable but to serve other functions using the height of the tower. For example, the height of a clock tower improves the visibility of the clock, and the height of a tower in a fortified building such as a castle increases the visibility of the surroundings for defensive purposes. Towers may also be built for observation, leisure, or telecommunication purposes. A tower can stand alone or be supported by adjacent buildings, or it may be a feature on top of a larger structure or building.
Friesland – Wilhelmshaven – Wittmund
Friesland – Wilhelmshaven – Wittmund is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 26. It is located in northwestern Lower Saxony, comprising the city of Wilhelmshaven and the districts of Friesland and Wittmund.

Friesland – Wilhelmshaven – Wittmund was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. Since 2017, it has been represented by Siemtje Möller of the Social Democratic Party (SPD).

Wilhelmshaven
Wilhelmshaven (German pronunciation: [ˌvɪlhɛlmsˈhaːfn̩] ⓘ, lit. 'Wilhelm's Harbour'; Northern Low Saxon: Willemshaven) is a coastal town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the western side of the Jade Bight, a bay of the North Sea, and has a population of 76,089. Wilhelmshaven is the centre of the "Jade Buse" business region (which has around 330,000 inhabitants) and is Germany's main military port.

The adjacent Lower Saxony Wadden Sea National Park (part of the Wattenmeer UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site) provides the basis for the major tourism industry in the region.