hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sacred Defense cinema
Holy Defense cinema (Persian: سینمای دفاع مقدس, romanized: Sīnimā-yi Difā'-i Muqaddas) refers to a genre of Iranian films that deals with various aspects of the Iran-Iraq war of 1980–1988. Although little noticed in the West, the genre has produced more than 200 movies, including some critical and commercial hits. Some of Iran's most noted directors have engaged with the genre, among them Ebrahim Hatamikia, Mohsen Makhmalbaf, Majid Majidi and Kamal Tabrizi. Hatamikia is one of the most prolific and successful proponents of the genre.

In 2007, Iranian war cinema retrospectives were curated by Pedram Khosronejad and held in New York and at the Barbican Centre in London. The first comprehensive academic study in the West was published in 2012: Iranian Holy Defence Cinema: Religion, Martyrdom and National Identity by Khosronejad.

Cinema of Iran
The cinema of Iran (Persian: سینمای ایران), or of Persia, refers to the film industry in Iran. In particular, Iranian art films have garnered international recognition. Iranian films are usually written and spoken in the Persian language. Iran has been lauded as one of the best exporters of cinema in the 1990s. Some critics now rank Iran as the world's most important national cinema, artistically, with a significance that invites comparison to Italian neorealism and similar movements in past decades. A range of international film festivals have honoured Iranian cinema in the last twenty years.

Many film critics from around the world have praised Iranian cinema as one of the world's most important artistic cinemas.
The Poet's Burial for Love
"The Poet's Burial for Love" (Welsh: Claddu'r Bardd o Gariad or Claddu y Bardd o Gariad) or "The Poet's Burial" (Welsh: Angladd y Bardd) is a Welsh-language love poem in the form of a cywydd in which the poet foresees his own death from unrequited love.  It was formerly attributed to the 14th-century Welsh poet Dafydd ap Gwilym, but in 1952 was rejected from the canon of his works by Dafydd's editor, Thomas Parry and is now widely considered to be a 15th-century poem of uncertain authorship.  The poem has nevertheless remained popular with translators and it continues to appear in anthologies, including Thomas Parry's own Oxford Book of Welsh Verse.

Dafydd ap Gwilym
Dafydd ap Gwilym (c. 1315/1320 – c. 1350/1370) is regarded as one of the leading Welsh poets and among the great poets of Europe in the Middle Ages. Dafydd's poetry also offers a unique window into the transcultural movement of cultural practices and preservation of culture in the face of occupation. Dafydd also helps answer questions that linger over the spread of culture. Even though it has been given less attention, cultural development in Wales differed slightly than in other parts of Europe during the same time.
Instructing the Heart
Instructing The Heart (Italian: Al cuore si comanda) is a 2003 Italian romantic comedy film. It marked the directorial debut by Giovanni Morricone, son of composer Ennio and brother of composer Andrea, who both co-scored the film.

Andrea Morricone
Andrea Morricone (born 10 October 1964) is an Italian composer and conductor, known for his film scores. He is the third child, and second son, of  late composer and Academy Award winner Ennio Morricone. 
He composed the film scores for the American films Capturing the Friedmans and Liberty Heights. He collaborated with his father on the score for Cinema Paradiso, for which they won a BAFTA Award for For Best Original Film Music. The Love Theme from Cinema Paradiso is a work by Andrea Morricone. He has also composed music for many other Italian films, including The Inquiry and The Entrepreneur. On 29 May 2018, Andrea Morricone received the "Golden Slipper" award at the 58th Zlín Film Festival, during the premiere of 72 Hours in Bangkok, in recognition of his contribution to world cinematography.
Die Kitty Die
Die Kitty Die is a comic book series created, written, and drawn by Dan Parent and Fernando Ruiz originally under their comic imprint Astrocomix. It is funded by various Kickstarter campaigns and subsequently published by Chapterhouse Comics. The comic stars Kitty Ravencraft, a beautiful and magical young witch who is the star of her own popular comic book. When her greedy, publicity-starved publisher wants to increase interest in her comic book, he sets out to kill his main character, Kitty, in the comic and in real life. The comic parodies Harvey Comics and Archie Comics characters and often lampoons and satirizes the comic book industry.

Chapterhouse Comics
Chapterhouse Comics was a Canadian comic book publishing company that publishes books featuring classic Canadian comic book characters such as Captain Canuck and Northguard in a unified comic book universe.

In 2020, Chapterhouse was acquired by Lev Gleason Publications. The Chapterverse was rebranded as the Comic House Universe, and introduced golden age Lev Gleason characters  Silver Streak and Daredevil, as well as Crimebuster and Captain Battle, who debuted in Captain Canuck Season Four: Invasion.
Columbia Savings LPGA National Pro-Am
The Columbia Savings LPGA National Pro-Am was a golf tournament on the LPGA Tour from 1972 to 1987. It was played at several clubs in the Denver, Colorado area. From 1985 to 1987, the tournament was played on two courses.

Sandra Haynie
Sandra Jane Haynie (born June 4, 1943) is an American former professional golfer on the LPGA Tour starting in 1961. She won four major championships, 42 LPGA Tour career events, and is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame.
Jean-Baptiste-Louis Franquelin
Jean-Baptiste-Louis Franquelin (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ batist lwi fʁɑ̃klɛ̃]; 1650 – c.1712) was a French trader who was appointed in the early 1670s as the first cartographer in Nouvelle France (Canada) by the colony's governor. He was appointed in 1688 as a royal hydrographer by Louis XIV.

Franquelin was born in the commune of Pallauau-sur-Indre in central France. He migrated to New France in 1671 where he was soon appointed as the colony's cartographer. He documented a decade of Louis Jolliet and René-Robert Cavelier de La Salle's explorations in North America. He also completed other projects for the Crown and served the king's military engineer. After returning to France in 1692, he never lived in Canada again.

Hydrography
Hydrography is the branch of applied sciences which deals with the measurement and description of the physical features of oceans, seas, coastal areas, lakes and rivers, as well as with the prediction of their change over time, for the primary purpose of safety of navigation and in support of all other marine activities, including economic development, security and defense, scientific research, and environmental protection.
Yarrowford
Yarrowford is a village on the A708, in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, 4 miles north-west of Selkirk, in the Ettrick Forest.

The Yarrow Water flows through the village and joins the Ettrick Water near Philiphaugh.

Places nearby include Bowhill, Ettrickbridge, Newark Castle, the Yair Forest, Yarrow, Scottish Borders and Yarrow Feus.

Newark Castle, Selkirkshire
Newark Tower is a large, ruined tower house standing in the grounds of Bowhill House, in the valley of the Yarrow Water three miles west of Selkirk in the Scottish Borders. In addition to the keep, sections of a gatehouse and wall survive. It has been designated a scheduled monument by Historic Environment Scotland.
1988 Southwest Conference baseball tournament
The 1988 Southwest Conference baseball tournament was the league's annual postseason tournament used to determine the Southwest Conference's (SWC) automatic bid to the 1988 NCAA Division I baseball tournament. The tournament was held from May 19 through 22 at George Cole Field on the campus of The University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, AR.

The number 1 seed Texas Longhorns went 4–1 to win the team's 8th SWC tournament under head coach Cliff Gustafson.

Fayetteville, Arkansas
Fayetteville (/ˈfeɪətvɪl/ FAY-ət-vil) is a city in Washington County, Arkansas, United States, and its county seat. The population was 93,949 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 103,134 in 2024, making it the second-most populous city in Arkansas and the most populous city in Northwest Arkansas. Fayetteville is on the outskirts of the Boston Mountains, within the Ozarks. It is included in the three-county Northwest Arkansas metropolitan area, with 546,725 residents in 2020.

Fayetteville was named after Fayetteville, Tennessee, from which many settlers had come, and was incorporated on November 3, 1836. It is home to the University of Arkansas, the state's flagship university.  When classes are in session, thousands of students on campus change up the pace of the city. Thousands of Arkansas Razorbacks alumni and fans travel to Fayetteville to attend football, basketball, and baseball games.
Zootopia+
Zootopia+ (marketed as Zootropolis+ in Europe) is an American animated series of shorts based on the 2016 film Zootopia. Produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios, it was released on Disney+ on November 9, 2022.

Jared Bush
Jared Bush (born June 12, 1974) is an American filmmaker serving as the chief creative officer of Walt Disney Animation Studios since 2024. He is best known for co-writing and co-directing the company's animated films Zootopia (2016), its sequel Zootopia 2 (2025), and Encanto (2021), the latter of which won an Academy Award for Best Animated Feature. He also wrote the screenplays for Moana (2016), its sequel Moana 2 (2024), and its upcoming 2026 live-action remake. He also co-created and executive produced the Disney XD animated series Penn Zero: Part-Time Hero (2014–17).
KZYQ (Lake Village, Arkansas)
KZYQ (103.5 FM) was an American radio station licensed to serve Lake Village, Arkansas, United States. The station was most recently owned by Community Broadcast Group, Inc., and the broadcast license was held by M.R.S. Ventures, Inc. When it went off the air permanently in early 2007, it broadcast an urban contemporary music format branded as "Star 103".

The station was assigned the KZYQ call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on March 9, 1998.

Lake Village, Arkansas
Lake Village is a city in and the county seat of Chicot County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, Lake Village had a population of 2,065. It is located in the Arkansas Delta. Lake Village is named for its location on Lake Chicot, an oxbow lake formed by the Mississippi River.
Bestiae
Bestiae is a defunct taxon that contained pigs, armadillos, hedgehogs, moles, shrews, and opossums. It was defined by Linnaeus in its 1758's Systema Naturae as "quadrupedal mammals having several front teeth, and more than a pair or laniary (i.e. canine) teeth".

Opossum
Opossums (/əˈpɒsəmz/) are members of the marsupial order Didelphimorphia (/daɪˌdɛlfɪˈmɔːrfiə/) endemic to the Americas. The largest order of marsupials in the Western Hemisphere, it comprises 126 species in 18 genera. Opossums originated in South America and entered North America in the Great American Interchange following the connection of North and South America in the late Cenozoic.

The Virginia opossum is the only species found in the United States and Canada. It is often simply referred to as an opossum; in North America, it is commonly referred to as a possum (/ˈpɒsəm/; sometimes rendered as 'possum in written form to indicate the dropped "o"). The Australasian arboreal marsupials of suborder Phalangeriformes are also called possums because of their resemblance to opossums, but they belong to a different order. The opossum is typically a nonaggressive animal and almost never carries the virus that causes rabies.
Mario Crete
Mario Crete (19 March 1914 – 28 May 2000) was a Canadian wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle featherweight at the 1948 Summer Olympics. Crete died in Châteauguay, Québec on 28 May 2000, at the age of 86.

Amateur wrestling
Amateur wrestling is a variant of wrestling practiced at Olympic, collegiate, scholastic, and other levels. There are two international wrestling styles performed at the Olympic Games, freestyle and Greco-Roman, both of which are governed by the United World Wrestling (UWW).

At the middle school and high school levels in the United States, wrestlers compete in scholastic wrestling. In collegiate wrestling, there are minor differences in some scholastic wrestling rules.

The rapid rise in the popularity of the combat sport mixed martial arts (MMA) has increased interest in amateur wrestling due to its effectiveness within the sport and its consideration as a core discipline.
Lævateinn
In Norse mythology, Lævateinn is a weapon crafted by Loki mentioned in the Poetic Edda poem Fjölsvinnsmál. The name Lævateinn does not appear in the original manuscript reading, but is an emendation from Hævateinn made by Sophus Bugge and others.

The weapon is needed to slay the rooster Viðofnir atop the Mímameiðr tree in order for the seeker to achieve his quest, or so replies the wise porter Fjölsviðr, the titular character of the poem.

Lævateinn has variously been asserted to be a dart (or some projectile weapon), or a sword, or a wand, by different commentators and translators. It is glossed as literally meaning a "wand" causing damage by several sources, yet some of these same sources claim simultaneously that the name is a kenning for sword. Others prefer to regard it as a magic wand (seiðr staff), can be considered the mistletoe dart that killed Baldur.

Mímameiðr
In Norse mythology, Mímameiðr (Old Norse "Mimi's tree") is a tree whose branches stretch over every land, is unharmed by fire or metal, bears fruit that assists pregnant women, and upon whose highest bough roosts the cock Víðópnir. Mímameiðr is solely attested in the Old Norse poem Fjölsvinnsmál. Due to parallels between descriptions of the two, scholars generally consider Mímameiðr to be another name for the world tree Yggdrasil, along with the similarly named Hoddmímis holt, a wood within which Líf and Lífthrasir are foretold to take refuge during the events of Ragnarök. Mímameiðr is sometimes modernly anglicized as Mimameid or Mimameith.
Food court
A food court (in Asia-Pacific also called food hall or hawker centre) is generally an indoor plaza or common area within a facility that is contiguous with the counters of multiple food vendors and provides a common area for self-serve dining.

Food courts may be found in shopping malls, airports, and parks. In various regions (such as Asia, the Americas, and Africa), a food court may be a standalone development. In some places of learning such as high schools and universities, food courts have also come to replace or complement traditional cafeterias.

Vendor
In a supply chain, a vendor, supplier, provider or a seller, is an enterprise that contributes goods or services. Generally, a supply chain vendor manufactures inventory/stock items and sells them to the next link in the chain. Today, these terms refer to a supplier of any goods or service. In property sales, the vendor is the name given to the seller of the property.
Maryland Route 277
Maryland Route 277 (MD 277) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. The highway runs 2.51 miles (4.04 km) from Elk Mills east to MD 279 near Elkton in northeastern Cecil County. MD 277 was constructed west of MD 316 in the early 1920s. The highway was planned to be extended in both directions in the late 1940s. However, neither extension occurred until MD 277 was extended east to MD 279 in the mid-1980s.

Elkton, Maryland
Elkton is a town in and the county seat of Cecil County, Maryland, United States. The population was 15,776 at the 2020 census, up from 15,443 in 2010. It was formerly called Head of Elk because it sits at the head of navigation on the Elk River, one of the five tributary rivers that flow into the north of the Chesapeake Bay, east of the Susquehanna River and North East River, and north of the Bohemia River, and Sassafras River. 
The town constitutes part of the Philadelphia metropolitan area.

Elkton was once known as the Gretna Green of the East of the US because of its popularity as a place for eloping couples to marry.
Mnesarchella fusilella
Mnesarchella fusilella is a species of primitive moths in the family Mnesarchaeidae. It is endemic to New Zealand and can be found in the Northland, Auckland, Waikato, Bay of Plenty, Hawke's Bay, Whanganui, and Wellington regions. It prefers well lit damp forests or moist fern-covered banks and lives at altitudes ranging from sea-level to approximately 500 m. Adults are on the wing from October to December. This species is normally day flying but males have been collected at night via light trapping.

Wellington Region
Greater Wellington, also known as the Wellington Region (Māori: Te Upoko o te Ika), is the southernmost region of the North Island of New Zealand. The local government region covers an area of 8,049 square kilometres (3,108 sq mi), and has a population of 543,400 (June 2025).

The region takes its name from Wellington, New Zealand's capital city and the region's seat. The Wellington urban area, including the cities of Wellington, Porirua, Lower Hutt, and Upper Hutt, accounts for 79 percent of the region's population; other major urban areas include the  Kapiti conurbation (Waikanae, Paraparaumu, Raumati Beach, Raumati South, and Paekākāriki) and the town of Masterton.
New Romney Lifeboat Station
New Romney Lifeboat Station was located across the northern end of Marine Parade (now Coast Road), in-between St Andrew's Road and the Coastguard Station, at Littlestone-on-Sea, approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) to the east of New Romney town, on the southern Kent coast.

The Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) stationed a lifeboat at Littlestone-on-Sea between 1861 and 1928, initially known as Dungeness Lifeboat Station (1861–1874) and then New Romney Lifeboat Station (1874–1928). It was never known as Littlestone-on-Sea Lifeboat Station.

New Romney Lifeboat Station closed in 1928. In 1966, the RNLI established Littlestone-on-Sea Lifeboat Station as an Inshore lifeboat station, but it is actually located at Greatstone-on-Sea.

for further information, please see:–

Dungeness Lifeboat Station

Littlestone-on-Sea Lifeboat Station

Awards of the Royal National Lifeboat Institution
The National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck was established on 4 March 1824, becoming the Royal National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck (RNIPLS) on 20 March 1824, when it received royal approval from King George IV. The Institution became the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) on 5 October 1854.

Ever since its inception in 1824, a number of awards have been established by the Institution, both for gallantry at sea, and for service to the Institution. None are approved by the Crown, and are therefore unofficial awards. As such, they do not appear in the official British order of wear, although the principal lifesaving award, a Medal of the RNLI, can be worn on the right breast in uniform by members of the British armed forces.
BSA Fury
The BSA Fury was a Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA) prototype motorcycle made in 1970. Designed by Edward Turner but substantially redesigned by Bert Hopwood and Doug Hele, the Fury never went into commercial production due to the collapse of the BSA Group.

Doug Hele
Douglas Lionel Hele (13 July 1919 – 3 November 2001) was a pioneering English motorcycle engineer with Triumph and other firms: BSA, Douglas and Norton. He was born in Birmingham in 1919 and died in Hagley, Worcestershire on 2 November 2001.
Ecchlorolestes nylephtha
Ecchlorolestes nylephtha is a species of damselfly in the family Synlestidae known commonly as the queen malachite. It is endemic to South Africa, where it is known only from the Eastern Cape and Western Cape provinces.

This slender malachite is 47–55 mm long with a wingspan of 57–61 mm. Males and females are similar; the thorax and abdomen are metallic-green to bronze, with yellow antehumeral stripes on the thorax. Mature males, however, have a bright pruinose-blue colouring on the collar, between the wings and on the last two segments of the abdomen. Both sexes can be distinguished from malachites of the genus Chlorolestes by their wing venation.

This damselfly lives in shady forest habitat on fern-lined streambanks. Loss of this natural forest habitat is a potential threat to the species, but populations are currently thought to be stable.

Chlorolestes
Chlorolestes is a genus of damselflies in the family Synlestidae. They are commonly known as Malachites.

The genus is endemic to southern Africa; furthermore, the range of only one species, Chlorolestes elegans, extends further north than north-eastern South Africa.

The genus contains the following species:

Chlorolestes apricans Wilmot, 1975 - Basking Malachite

Chlorolestes conspicuus Hagen in Selys, 1862 - Conspicuous Malachite

Chlorolestes draconicus Balinsky, 1956 - Drakensberg Malachite

Chlorolestes elegans Pinhey, 1950 - Elegant Malachite

Chlorolestes fasciatus Burmeister, 1839 - Mountain Malachite

Chlorolestes tessellatus Burmeister, 1839 - Forest Malachite

Chlorolestes umbratus Selys, 1862 - White Malachite
Diphysa
Diphysa is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic Dalbergia clade of the Dalbergieae. It includes 22 species which range from Arizona through Mexico and Central America to Colombia and Venezuela.

Diphysa americana (Mill.) M. Sousa

Diphysa carthagenensis Jacq.

Diphysa echinata Rose

Diphysa floribunda Peyr.

Diphysa humilis Oerst.

Diphysa macrocarpa Standl.

Diphysa macrophylla Lundell

Diphysa microphylla Rydb.

Diphysa minutifolia Rose

Diphysa occidentalis Rose

Diphysa ormocarpoides (Rudd) M.Sousa & R.Antonio

Diphysa paucifoliolata R.Antonio & M.Sousa

Diphysa puberulenta Rydb.

Diphysa punctata Rydb.

Diphysa racemosa Rose

Diphysa sennoides Benth. & Oerst.

Diphysa spinosa Rydb.

Diphysa suberosa S. Watson

Diphysa thurberi (A. Gray) Rydb.

Diphysa vesicaria M.E.Jones

Diphysa villosa Rydb.

Diphysa yucatanensis Hanan-Alipi & M.Sousa

Faboideae
The Faboideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. An acceptable alternative name for the subfamily is Papilionoideae, or Papilionaceae when this group of plants is treated as a family.

Members include the pea, the sweet pea, the laburnum, and other legumes. The pea-shaped flowers are characteristic of the Faboideae subfamily and root nodulation is very common. The papilionaceous species vary enormously in size from the tiny Lupinus uncialis only 2 cm in height to Pterocarpus mildbraedii subsp. usumbarensis at up to 75 m (246 ft) height.
Bibliography of encyclopedias: business, information and economics
This is a list of encyclopedias and encyclopedic/biographical dictionaries published on the subject of business, information and information technology, economics and businesspeople in any language. Entries are in the English language except where noted.

David R. Henderson
David Richard Henderson (born November 21, 1950) is a Canadian-born American economist and author who moved to the United States in 1972 and became a U.S. citizen in 1986, serving on President Ronald Reagan's Council of Economic Advisers from 1982 to 1984.  A research fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution  since 1990, he took a teaching position with the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California in 1984, and is now an emeritus professor of economics.