hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xandrames latiferaria
Xandrames latiferaria is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Francis Walker in 1860. It is found in Japan, China, the north-eastern parts of the Himalayas and Sundaland.

In genitalia and facies Xandrames cnecozona resembles typical X. latiferaria but is slightly larger and yellower. It is considered a synonym but might merit subspecific status.

The wingspan is 50–60 mm.

The larvae feed on Lindera species.

Lindera
Lindera is a genus of about 80–100 species of flowering plants in the family Lauraceae, mostly native to eastern Asia but with three species in eastern North America. The species are shrubs and small trees; common names include spicewood, spicebush, and Benjamin bush.
Heptapleurum bractescens
Heptapleurum bractescens is a species of plant in the family Araliaceae. It is native to New Guinea and to far northern Queensland in Australia. Originally named from a New Guinea collection, it was identified as a different species, Schefflera versteegii, when first discovered in Australia.

Araliaceae
The Araliaceae are a family of flowering plants composed of about 43 genera and around 1500 species consisting of primarily woody plants and some herbaceous plants commonly called the ivy or ginseng family. The morphology of Araliaceae varies widely, but it is predominantly distinguishable based on its woody habit, tropical distribution, and the presence of simple umbels.

There are numerous plants of economic importance. Some genera, such as Hedera (the ivies), Fatsia (Japanese aralias) and Heptapleurum (formerly Schefflera, the umbrella trees), are used as ornamental foliage plants. The family also includes Panax ginseng, the root of which is ginseng, used in traditional Chinese medicine.
Andrew Parfitt
Andrew James Parfitt is an Australian academic who is the 5th vice-chancellor and president of the University of Technology Sydney. He was appointed to the role in November 2021. He was previously the deputy vice-chancellor (academic) of the University of Newcastle from 2012 to 2016, and provost of the University of Technology Sydney from 2017 to 2021.

Provost (education)
A provost is a senior academic administrator. At many institutions of higher education, the provost is the chief academic officer, a role that may be combined with being deputy to the chief executive officer. In some institutions, they may be the chief executive officer of a university, of a branch campus of a university, or of a college within a university.
Sphaeromimus
Sphaeromimus (Latin: sphere mimic), or the chirping giant pill millipedes, is a genus of giant pill millipedes (order Sphaerotheriida) endemic to southeastern Madagascar. Though described in 1902, the genus was up to 2005 known from a single male specimen, whose appearance was so unusual that the authors suspected a mislabeled giant pill-millipede from India. Their unusual and distinct morphology includes well-developed stridulation organs, probably as devices for courtship. These are the male ‘harp’ and the female ‘washboard’, which contain more stridulation ribs than in other members of the order Sphaerotheriida. They have a closer affinity with the Indian genus Arthrosphaera than to other Malagasy genera, though all belong to the Arthrosphaeridae.

Madagascar spiny forests
The Madagascar spiny forests (also known as the Madagascar spiny thickets) is an ecoregion in the southwest of Madagascar. The vegetation type is found on poor substrates with low, erratic winter rainfall. The ecoregion contains an outstanding proportion of endemic plant species and is listed as one of the 200 most important ecological regions in the world; one of the Global 200.
Peter Lorentzen
Peter Lorentzen (born September 2, 1983) is a retired Norwegian professional ice hockey player, who spent most of the career with the Stavanger Oilers in the Norwegian GET-league. He participated at the 2009-, 2010- and 2011 IIHF World Championships as a member of the Norway men's national ice hockey team.

EliteHockey Ligaen
EliteHockey Ligaen (EHL) is the premier Norwegian ice hockey league, organised by the Norwegian Ice Hockey Association. It comprises 10 clubs and works on the premise of promotion and relegation, in which the two teams who placed last must play the top two teams from First Division (the league ranked immediately below) for the rights to play in the next Eliteserie season.

Teams from the EHL can participate in the IIHF's annual Champions Hockey League (CHL), competing for the European Trophy. Participation is based on the strength of the various leagues in Europe (excluding the European/Asian Kontinental Hockey League). Going into the 2022–23 CHL season, the EHL was ranked 11th among leagues in Europe, allowing them to send their top team to compete in the CHL.
Bill Eagles
Bill Eagles is a British film and television director. He is best known for directing the 2000 film Beautiful Creatures starring Susan Lynch and Rachel Weisz.

As a television director, he moved to Los Angeles in 2003 and worked for 10 years directing TV movies, mini series and episodic TV. Some his credits include CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, Gotham, Invasion, Cold Case, Numb3rs, Battlestar Galactica, Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles, Threshold, Crash, Persons Unknown, Fringe and Pennyworth. He has also directed a number of television films in his native United Kingdom.

Susan Lynch
Susan Lynch (born 1971) is an actress from Northern Ireland. She is known for her role in the 2003 film 16 Years of Alcohol. Her other film appearances include Waking Ned Devine (1998), Nora (2000), Beautiful Creatures (2000), and From Hell (2001). In 2020, she was listed as number 42 on The Irish Times list of Ireland's greatest film actors.
Jai Telangana Party
Jai Telangana Party, is a defunct political party in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh founded by P. Indra Reddy. JTP existed around 1998 and was part of the Rashtriya Janata Dal-led Jan Morcha (People's Front) in the 1998 elections. JTP worked for a separate Telangana state to be carved out of Andhra Pradesh.

P. Indra Reddy, had been the Home Minister of AP in the Telugu Desam Party cabinet. When TDP split after Chandrababu Naidu's internal coup, Reddy sided with Lakshmi Parvathi and her parallel TDP, NTR Telugu Desam Party (Lakshmi Parvathi). He later left NTRTDP(LP) to form JTP. After the 1998 elections, he merged his JTP with Indian National Congress.

In the 1999 elections to the AP assembly, Reddy was elected on a Congress ticket. Reddy died in a car accident in 2000.

Telugu Desam Party
The Telugu Desam Party (abbr. TDP; transl. Party of the Telugu Land) is an Indian regional political party primarily active in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. It was founded by Telugu matinée idol N. T. Rama Rao (NTR) on 29 March 1982 and has focused on supporting Telugu people. The party has won a five-time majority in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly and has emerged as the most successful political outfit in the state's history. It is currently the ruling party in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.

From 1 September 1995, the TDP was led by N. T. Rama Rao's son-in-law, Nara Chandra Babu Naidu as the national president of the party. The headquarters of the party is called N. T. R. Bhavan, which is located at Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh.
Luc Alfons de Hovre
Luc Alfons de Hovre, S.J., was an auxiliary bishop of Mechelen-Brussels and titular Bishop of Domnach Sechnaill.

Born on 27 February 1926 in Nederbrakel, he was ordained a Jesuit priest on 10 May 1958 at the age of 32. On 15 February 1982, aged 56, he was appointed as auxiliary bishop for Mechelen-Brussels as well as titular Bishop of Domnach Sechnaill. The following month he was consecrated. His principal consecrator was Cardinal Godfried Danneels as well as Bishops Philip Ekka, Paul Constant Schoenmaekers, Leo-Karel Jozef De Kesel and Jean-Baptiste Musty.

He retired on 20 March 2002, aged 76. He died on 4 June 2009, aged 83, from undisclosed causes. He had been a priest for 51 years and a bishop for 27 years.

Nederbrakel
Nederbrakel is a town in the municipality of Brakel. It is located in the Denderstreek and the Flemish Ardennes, the hilly southern part of the province of East Flanders, Belgium. With 5,972 residents as of 2000, it forms the largest individual part of the municipality. Nederbrakel is located near the language border.
Henry Miller Shreve
Henry Miller Shreve (October 21, 1785 – March 6, 1851) was an American inventor and steamboat captain who removed obstructions to navigation of the Mississippi, Ohio and Red rivers. Shreveport, Louisiana, was named in his honor.

Shreve was also instrumental in breaking the Fulton-Livingston monopoly on steamboat traffic on the lower Mississippi. He was the first riverboat captain to travel the Ohio and Mississippi rivers to New Orleans and back, as well as the first to bring a keelboat from the Ohio River up the Mississippi to the Fever River in Illinois. Shreve also made significant improvements to the steamboat and the steam engine, such as separate boilers to power side paddlewheels independently, horizontal cylinders, and multiple decks to allow for passengers and entertainment.

Monongahela and Ohio Steam Boat Company
The Monongahela and Ohio Steam Boat Company (or MOSBC) was the second company to engage in steamboat commerce on the rivers west of the Allegheny Mountains in the northeastern United States. The company was founded in 1813 under the leadership of Elisha Hunt and headquartered in his store which was located close to the boat landing in Brownsville, Pennsylvania. Daniel French designed and built the engines and power trains for both the Despatch, or Dispatch, and the Enterprise. During the Battle of New Orleans in 1815, the shareholders of the Monongahela and Ohio Steam Boat Company sent the Enterprise to aid the American cause. In 1815, the Enterprise demonstrated for the first time by her epic 2,200-mile voyage from New Orleans to Brownsville that steamboat commerce was practical on America's western rivers.
Robin DR.200
The Robin DR.200 is a family of French conventional landing gear single-engined light touring or training cabin monoplanes. Originally produced by Centre Est Aéronautique the company later changed its name to Avions Pierre Robin.

Lycoming O-320
The Lycoming O-320 is a large family of naturally aspirated, 320 cu in (5.2 L) air-cooled, horizontally-opposed four-cylinder, direct-drive engines produced by Lycoming Engines. Introduced in 1953, it is commonly used on light aircraft such as the Cessna 172 and Piper Cherokee, and remains in production as of 2024.  Different variants are rated for 150 or 160 horsepower (112 or 119 kilowatts).
Chüy Valley
The Chüy Valley (Kyrgyz: Чүй өрөөнү, romanized: Chüy Öröönü; Kazakh: Шу аңғары, romanized: Şu añğary; Russian: Чуйская долина) is a large valley located in northern Kyrgyzstan and southern Kazakhstan, in the northern part of the Tian Shan. It extends from Boom Gorge in the east to Muyunkum Desert in the west. It is 250 km (160 mi) long and has an area of about 32,000 km2 (12,000 sq mi). It borders Kyrgyz Ala-Too in the south, and Chu-Ili mountains in the north. Through the Boom Gorge in the narrow eastern part Chüy Valley is linked with Issyk-Kul Valley. The river Chu (Chüy) is the major stream of the valley.

The warm summer and availability of drinking and irrigation water makes this area one of the most fertile and most densely populated regions of Kyrgyzstan.

There are deposits of zinc ore, lead, gold, and construction materials. The 2006 World Drug Report estimated that 400,000 hectares of cannabis grow wild in the Chüy Valley.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
Nawash-Kinjoano Reservation
The Nawash-Kinjoano Reservation was an Ottawa reservation located along the Maumee River in Northwestern Ohio until slightly after 1830.

The reservation consisted of the villages of Nawash and Kinjoano (or Kinjoino's Town) on the north side of the Maumee. Nawash's Town, establlished around 1819, was named after its chief, Nawash, a Saugeen Ojibwe war chief who fought beside Tecumseh in the War of 1812.

There was also a village of Tontongany on the south side of the Maumee, located about 2.8 miles north of today's town of Tontogany. This village was not part of the reservation but was inhabited by Ottawas as well.

The reservation essentially stretched from just west of Waterville, Ohio to slightly east of Prairie Damascus, Ohio.

The reservation was established in 1807 and dissolved in 1831.

Tontogany, Ohio
Tontogany is a village in Wood County, Ohio, United States. The population was 387 at the 2020 census. Every Fall the village holds a festival called "ToganyFest" and gathers many people in the county.
Emirate of Bukhara
The Emirate of Bukhara was an Uzbek absolute monarchy in Central Asia that existed from 1785 to 1920 in what is now parts of Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan. It occupied the land between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers, known formerly as Transoxiana. Its core territory was the fertile land along the lower Zarafshon river, and its urban centres were the ancient cities of Samarqand and the emirate's capital, Bukhara. It was contemporaneous with the Khanate of Khiva to the west, in Khwarazm, and the Khanate of Kokand to the east, in Fergana. In 1920, it ceased to exist with the establishment of the Bukharan People's Soviet Republic. The Turco-Mongol tribe of Uzbeks known as "Manghits" were the rulers.

Amu Darya
The Amu Darya, historically known as the Oxus, is a major river in Central Asia which flows through Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Rising in the Pamir Mountains, north of the Hindu Kush, the Amu Darya is formed by the confluence of the Vakhsh and Panj rivers, in the Tigrovaya Balka Nature Reserve on the border between Afghanistan and Tajikistan, and flows from there north-westwards into the southern remnants of the Aral Sea. However, today the Amu Darya does not reach the Aral Sea, and its mouth is in a dried-up area, of what was once the Aral Sea. In its upper course, the river forms part of Afghanistan's northern border with Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan. In ancient history, the river was regarded as the boundary of Greater Iran with Turan, which roughly corresponded to present-day Central Asia. The Amu Darya has a flow of about 70 cubic kilometres per year on average.
Igor Stanisavljević
Igor Stanisavljević (Serbian Cyrillic: Игор Станисављевић; born 3 August 1978) is a Serbian football defender.

Born in Split, SR Croatia, after playing in the youth team of HNK Hajduk Split he moved in 1993 to FR Yugoslavia and made his debut as senior with FK Budućnost Podgorica. During the following 15 years he would play for numerous Serbian top league clubs, such as FK Borac Čačak, FK Sloboda Užice, FK Železnik, FK Radnički Beograd and FK Kom.

FK Kom
FK Kom is a Montenegrin professional football club based in Zlatica, a suburb of Podgorica. Founded in 1958, the club competes in the Montenegrin Second League.

The team is known as a first youth club of famous Montenegrin player Predrag Mijatović.
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis is a species of plant in the family Verbenaceae, native throughout the Caribbean, including Florida. It has many common names including blue porterweed, blue snake weed, bastard vervain, Brazilian tea, Jamaica vervain, light-blue snakeweed, and, in St. Croix, worryvine.source? It usually is found along country roadsides, and it also grows well as a ruderal plant on disturbed terrain.

A similar plant, Stachytarpheta cayennensis, which is an invasive species in Florida, is sometimes mistaken for S. jamaicensis.

It is unclear whether S. indica is a separate species.

Verbenaceae
The Verbenaceae (/ˌvɜːrbəˈneɪsi.iː/ VUR-bə-NAY-see-ee), the verbena family or vervain family, is a family of mainly tropical flowering plants. It contains trees, shrubs, and herbs notable for heads, spikes, or clusters of small flowers, many of which have an aromatic smell.

The family Verbenaceae includes 32 genera and 800 species. Phylogenetic studies have shown that numerous genera traditionally classified in Verbenaceae belong instead in Lamiaceae. The mangrove genus Avicennia, sometimes placed in the Verbenaceae or in its own family, Avicenniaceae, has been placed in the Acanthaceae.

Economically important Verbenaceae include:

Lemon verbena (Aloysia triphylla), grown for aroma or flavoring

Verbenas or vervains (Verbena), some used in herbalism, others grown in gardens
Yi Hoeyŏng
Yi Hoeyŏng (Korean: 이회영; Hanja: 李會榮; March 17, 1867 – November 17, 1932), also known by his art name Udang, was a Korean independence activist, anarchist and one of the founders of the Sinhŭng Military Academy in Manchuria.

Art name
An art name (pseudonym or pen name), also known by its native names hào (in Mandarin Chinese), gō (in Japanese), ho (in Korean), and tên hiệu (in Vietnamese), is a professional name used by artists, poets and writers in the Sinosphere. The word and the concept originated in China, where it was used as nicknames for the educated, then became popular in other East Asian countries (especially in Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and the former Kingdom of Ryukyu).

In some cases, artists adopted different pseudonyms at different stages of their career, usually to mark significant changes in their life. Extreme practitioners of this tendency were Tang Yin of the Ming dynasty, who had more than ten hao, Hokusai of Japan, who in the period 1798 to 1806 alone used no fewer than six, and Kim Chŏnghŭi of the Joseon Dynasty who had up to 503.
Nora Gordon
Nora Gordon (29 November 1893 – 11 May 1970) was a British film and television actress. She was married to Leonard Sharp. Her daughter was actress Dorothy Gordon. She also appeared in several British Ministry of Information films, particularly during World War II.

Gordon was born in West Hartlepool on 29 November 1893 and died in London on 11 May 1970 at the age of 76.

Ministry of Information (United Kingdom)
The Ministry of Information (MOI), headed by the Minister of Information, was a United Kingdom government department created briefly at the end of the First World War and again during the Second World War. Located in Senate House at the University of London during the 1940s, it was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda. The MOI was dissolved in March 1946, with its residual functions passing to the Central Office of Information (COI); which was itself dissolved in December 2011 due to the reforming of the organisation of government communications.
Bosuta
Bosuta (Serbian: Босута) is a village in the municipality of Aranđelovac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 606 people.

The village was active in the Serbian Revolution, being organized into the knežina (administrative unit) of Kačer during the First Serbian Uprising (1804–13). Ilija Dambuba, the barjaktar (flag-bearer) of vojvoda Arsenije Loma, came from Bosuta.

Municipalities and cities of Serbia
The municipalities and cities (Serbian: општине и градови / opštine i gradovi) are the first-level administrative division and the basic level of local government of Serbia. The country is divided into 145 municipalities and 29 cities.

Municipalities and cities form 29 administrative districts, except the City of Belgrade which is not part of any district.
Brightwell Baldwin
Brightwell Baldwin is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire, about 4+1⁄2 miles (7 km) northeast of Wallingford. It was historically in the Hundred of Ewelme and is now in the District of South Oxfordshire. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 208. The parish is roughly rectangular, about 2+1⁄2 miles (4 km) long north–south and about 1+1⁄4 miles (2 km) wide east–west. In 1848 the parish covered an area of 1,569 acres (635 ha). The B4009 road linking Benson and Watlington forms part of the southern boundary of the parish. The B480 road linking Oxford and Watlington forms a small part of its northern boundary. Rumbolds Lane forms much of its western boundary. For the remainder the parish is bounded largely by field boundaries.

Samuel Lewis (publisher)
Samuel Lewis (c. 1782 – 28 February 1865) was a British editor and publisher of topographical dictionaries and maps of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The aim of the texts was to give in "a condensed form" a faithful and impartial description of each place. The firm of Samuel Lewis and Co. was based in London.
Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World
Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World (2004) is a history book written by Jack Weatherford, Dewitt Wallace Professor of Anthropology at Macalester College. It is a narrative of the rise and influence of Mongol leader Genghis Khan and his successors, and their influence on European civilization. Weatherford provides a different slant on Genghis Khan than has been typical in most Western accounts, attributing positive cultural effects to his rule.

In the last section, he reviews the historiography of Genghis Khan in the West and argues that the leader's early portrayal in writings as an "excellent, noble king" changed to that of a brutal pagan during the Age of Enlightenment. Weatherford made use of three major non-Western sources: The Secret History of the Mongols, the Ta' rīkh-i jahān-gushā of Juvayni and the Jami al-Tawarikh of Rashid-al-Din Hamadani.

Rashid al-Din Hamadani
Rashīd al-Dīn Ṭabīb (Persian: رشیدالدین طبیب;‎ 1247–1318; also known as Rashīd al-Dīn Faḍlullāh Hamadānī, Persian: رشیدالدین فضل‌الله همدانی) was a statesman, historian, and physician in Ilkhanate Iran.

Having converted to Islam from Judaism by the age of 30 in 1277, Rashid al-Din became the powerful vizier of Ilkhan Ghazan. He was commissioned by Ghazan to write the Jāmiʿ al-Tawārīkh, now considered the most important single source for the history of the Ilkhanate period and the Mongol Empire. He retained his position as a vizier until 1316.

After being charged with poisoning the Ilkhanid king Öljaitü, he was executed in 1318.

Historian Morris Rossabi calls Rashid al-Din "arguably the most distinguished figure in Persia during Mongolian rule".  He was a prolific author and established the Rab'-e Rashidi academic foundation in Tabriz.
Battle of Spercheios
The Battle of Spercheios (Bulgarian: Битка при Сперхей, Greek: Μάχη του Σπερχειού) took place in 997 AD, on the shores of the Spercheios river near the city of Lamia in central Greece. It was fought between a Bulgarian army led by Tsar Samuil, which in the previous year had penetrated south into Greece, and a Byzantine army under the command of General Nikephoros Ouranos. The Byzantine victory virtually destroyed the Bulgarian army, and ended its raids in the southern Balkans and Greece. The major historical source on the battle comes from Greek historian John Skylitzes whose Synopsis of Histories (Σύνοψις Ἱστοριῶν) contains a biography of the then-reigning Byzantine emperor, Basil II.

Rhomaioi
Rhomaioi or Romaioi (Ῥωμαῖοι) were the Greek-speaking inhabitants of Southern Europe and Western Asia that identified as Romans starting from Late Antiquity. Although modern scholarship commonly refers to these populations as Byzantines, Eastern Romans, or Byzantine Greeks, they consistently understood their identity as Roman, rooted in imperial continuity, the Christian faith, and the Greek language and culture. Over time, Rhōmaios became closely associated with the Eastern Orthodox Church as well as Greek speech, and the identity continued in use among Greek Orthodox communities after the fall of Constantinople in 1453.