hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Impeachment of Fernando Lugo
Fernando Lugo, elected President of Paraguay in 2008, was impeached and removed from office by the Congress of Paraguay in June 2012. On 21 June the Chamber of Deputies voted 76 to 1 to impeach Lugo, and the Senate removed him from office the following day, by 39 votes to 4, resulting in Vice President Federico Franco, who had broken with Lugo, becoming President. Lugo contends he was denied due process because he did not have enough time to prepare a defense. A number of Latin American governments declared the proceeding was effectively a coup d'état. Lugo himself formally accepted the impeachment, but called it a "parliamentary coup".

President of Paraguay
The president of Paraguay (Spanish: presidente del Paraguay), officially known as the president of the Republic of Paraguay (Spanish: presidente de la República del Paraguay), is the head of the executive branch of the government of Paraguay, serving as both head of state and head of government according to the Constitution of Paraguay. His honorific title is Su Excelencia. The president is also the Commander-in-Chief for the armed forces

The incumbent president of Paraguay is Santiago Peña, who took office on 15 August 2023. The presidential seat is the Palacio de los López, in Asunción. The presidential residence is the Mburuvichá Roga, also in Asunción. Once presidents leave office, they are granted by the Constitution of Paraguay the speaking-but-non-voting position of senator for life.
Aid to Russia Fund
The Aid to Russia Fund (Russian: Фонд помощи России)  was begun in 1941 by the Joint War Organisation to assist Russians cope with the deprivations caused by Hitler's advance. Mrs Clementine Churchill was appointed chairman. Around £8 million (200 million in modern funds) was raised over the course of the war, in part from contributions from the Penny-a-Week Fund. The scheme, introduced in 1939, deducted a penny from the weekly salaries of about 1,400,000 employees in 15,000 firms. The money raised helped pay for warm clothing and medical supplies. The Joint War Organisation worked with the Trades Union Congress, the National Council of Labour and the Mineworkers Federation to supply these items. In addition to portable X-ray units, motor X-ray units and ambulances, the following items were sent: blankets, clothes, medicines, medical equipment, and first aid kits etc.

Joint War Organisation
The Joint War Organisation (JWO) was a combined operation of the British Red Cross Society and the Order of St John of Jerusalem during the World Wars. It was first created in 1914 and ceased operations when World War I ended in 1919; the organisation was re-formed upon the British entry into World War II in 1939 and was active until its permanent disbanding in 1947. The Joint War Committee (JWC), a non-government administrative body, controlled the JWO and the Joint War Finance Committee managed its finances and concentrated on raising donations and funding.
Craigo
Craigo is a village in Angus, Scotland.  It lies about 5 miles (8.0 km) northwest of Montrose, and 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Marykirk, which is across the River North Esk in Aberdeenshire. Craigo developed in the 19th century as a textile village.

Angus, Scotland
Angus (Scots: Angus; Scottish Gaelic: Aonghas) is one of the 32 local government council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. The council area borders Aberdeenshire, Dundee City and Perth and Kinross. Main industries include agriculture and fishing. Global pharmaceuticals company GSK has a significant presence in Montrose in the east of the county.

Angus was historically a province, and later a sheriffdom and county (called Forfarshire or the County of Forfar until 1928), bordering Kincardineshire to the north-east, Aberdeenshire to the north and Perthshire to the west; southwards it faced Fife across the Firth of Tay. The county included Dundee until 1894, when it was made a county of a city. The pre-1894 boundaries of Angus continue to be used as a registration county. Between 1975 and 1996 Angus was a lower-tier district within the Tayside region. The district took on its modern form and powers in 1996, since when the local authority has been Angus Council.
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh is a 1977 American animated musical anthology fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Productions and distributed by Buena Vista Distribution. It was first released on a double bill with The Littlest Horse Thieves on March 11, 1977.

Its characters have spawned a franchise of various sequels and television programs, clothing, books, toys, and an attraction of the same name at Disneyland,  Walt Disney World, and Hong Kong Disneyland in addition to Pooh's Hunny Hunt in Tokyo Disneyland.

Anthology film
An anthology film (also known as an omnibus film, package film or portmanteau film) is a single film consisting of three or more shorter films, each complete in itself and distinguished from the other, though frequently tied together by a single theme, premise, or author. Sometimes each one is directed by a different director or written by a different author, or may even have been made at different times or in different countries. Anthology films are distinguished from "revue films" such as Paramount on Parade (1930)—which were common in Hollywood in the early decades of sound film, composite films, and compilation films.

Anthology films are often mistaken for hyperlink cinema. Hyperlink cinema shows parts of many stories throughout a film, whereas anthology films show story segments of one at a time. Some mistaken examples include Pulp Fiction (1994) and Amores Perros (2000), distributing their storylines non-chronologically, separated by segments.
Ricarda Lobe
Ricarda Lobe (born 1994 in Landau in der Pfalz, Germany) is a German 100m and 60m hurdler. She also competes in 60m (indoor), 100m and 200m and also 4x100 relay. Ricarda Lobe is in the MTG Manneheim team. She competed in 2017 European Athletics Indoor Championships in Belgrade and she was 6th place in finals of 60m hurdles with 8.03".

Lobe competed in 2017 IAAF World Championships and advanced to the semifinals of the 100m hurdles. She was also 3rd in German championships in the same year in the same event.

Ricarda Lobe trains with training partners Lisa Mayer and Nadine Gongska.

Her personal best time is 12.91 and 7.99 for 100m hurdles and 60m hurdles, respectively.

Landau
Landau (Palatine German: Landach), officially Landau in der Pfalz (German pronunciation: [ˈlandaʊ ʔɪn deːɐ̯ ˈpfalts], lit. 'Landau in the Palatinate'), is an autonomous (kreisfrei) town surrounded by the Südliche Weinstraße ("Southern Wine Route") district of southern Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is a university town (since 1990), a long-standing cultural centre, and a market and shopping town, surrounded by vineyards and wine-growing villages of the Palatinate wine region. Landau lies east of the Palatinate forest, on the German Wine Route.

It contains the districts (Ortsteile) of Arzheim, Dammheim, Godramstein, Mörlheim, Mörzheim, Nussdorf, Queichheim, and Wollmesheim.
SweeTarts
SweeTarts (/ˈswiːt.tɑːrts/; officially stylized as SweeTARTS) are sweet and sour candies invented under the direction of Menlo F. Smith, CEO of Sunline Inc., in 1962. The candy was created using the same small basic recipe as the already popular Pixy Stix and Lik-M-Aid (Fun Dip) products. Pixy Stix are currently manufactured by Ferrara Candy Company, a division of  Ferrero.

Sourness
Sourness, also known as sour, is a basic taste sensation perceived through hydrogen ions from acidic compounds interacting with taste bud receptors, and it can also refer to an unpleasant or acidic quality in taste, disposition, or tone. It is a warning sign for potentially spoiled food, though it is balanced in some food products by sweetness, and it is associated with a low pH.

The most common foods with natural sourness are fruits, such as lemon, lime, grape, orange, tamarind, and bitter melon. Fermented foods, such as wine, sour cream, vinegar or yogurt, may have sour taste. Children show a greater enjoyment of sour flavors than adults, and sour candy containing citric acid or malic acid is common.
Unametsa
Unametsa (locally, Unamõtsa) is a village in Viljandi Parish, Viljandi County, Estonia. Until the 2017 administrative reform of Estonian municipalities, the village was located in Tarvastu Parish. It is located 27 km (16.7 miles) southeast of the town of Viljandi and 5.8 km (3.6 miles) southeast of the small borough of Mustla, near the western shore of Lake Võrtsjärv. Neighboring villages include Suislepa and Soe.  As of 2021, the population of Unametsa was 41, a decrease of a population of 76 in the 2000 census.

Mustla
Mustla is a small borough (alevik) in Viljandi Parish, Viljandi County, Estonia. As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 818.

From 1938–1979, Mustla was a town with town privileges.

In June 2018, a plaque commemorating Alfons Rebane was unveiled on the wall of a private building in Mustla where he had lived. The Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs protested the unveiling.

Mustla in winter

Monument to the Estonian War of Independence

Gymnasium
Boguszyn, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Boguszyn [bɔˈɡuʂɨn] (German: Sophienau) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wałcz, within Wałcz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) north-west of Wałcz and 117 km (73 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 100.

Wałcz County
Wałcz County (Polish: powiat wałecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Wałcz, which lies 127 kilometres (79 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains three other towns: Mirosławiec, 27 km (17 mi) west of Wałcz, Człopa, 31 km (19 mi) south-west of Wałcz, and Tuczno, 25 km (16 mi) south-west of Wałcz.

The county covers an area of 1,414.79 square kilometres (546.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 54,639, out of which the population of Wałcz is 26,140, that of Mirosławiec is 2,633, that of Człopa is 2,390, that of Tuczno is 1,965, and the rural population is 21,511.
2025 Jinan Open – Men's doubles
Chung Yun-seong and Yuta Shimizu were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Finn Reynolds and James Watt won the title after defeating Rithvik Choudary Bollipalli and Arjun Kadhe 7–5, 7–6(7–1) in the final.

James Watt (tennis)
James Watt (born 9 June 2000) is a New Zealand tennis player.

He has a career high singles ranking of No. 569 achieved on 8 September 2025 and a career high doubles ranking of No. 87 achieved on 24 November 2025.

James was educated at Timaru Boys' High School. 
He attended Saint Mary's College of California in the United States.
Lycium sokotranum
Lycium sokotranum is a species of flowering plant in the nightshade family, Solanaceae, that is endemic to the Socotra archipelago in the Indian Ocean (Yemen). It is a spiny, much-branched shrub that is <2 m tall. It is widespread and often abundant on coastal plains and limestone plateaus of Socotra and on the central plains of Abd al Kuri.

Socotra
Socotra, locally known as Saqatri, is a Yemeni island in the Indian Ocean. It is situated between the Gulf of Aden, the Guardafui Channel and the Arabian Sea, and lies near major shipping routes. The largest of the six islands in the Socotra archipelago, it comprises around 95% of the landmass of the archipelago. It lies 380 kilometres (205 nautical miles) south of the Arabian Peninsula and 232 km (125 nmi) east of the Horn of Africa. The inhabitants of the island are called Socotrans, and they speak Arabic and Soqotri.

Socotra is home to a high number of unique species that are endemic. Up to a third of its plant life is unique. Due to the island's unusual geography, it has been described as "the most alien-looking place on Earth". The island measures 132 km (82 mi) in length and 42 km (26 mi) across at its widest. In 2008, Socotra was recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Josef Maleček
Josef Maleček  (18 June 1903 – 26 September 1982) was a Czechoslovak multiple-sport athlete, who played ice hockey and tennis internationally.

He was born in Prague and died in Bayport, New York, United States. In 1924 he participated with the Czechoslovak team in the first Winter Olympics ice hockey tournament. Four years later he was a member of the Czechoslovak team which participated in the 1928 Olympics ice hockey tournament. In 1936 he finished fourth with the Czechoslovak team in the Olympic ice hockey tournament. After communist takeover in Czechoslovakia (1948) he emigrated from the country. He was posthumously inducted into the IIHF Hall of Fame in 2003.

Maleček was also a tennis player, who competed in both the Wimbledon and French Championships in the early 1930s. Maleček also represented Czechoslovakia at the Davis Cup.

IIHF Hall of Fame
The IIHF Hall of Fame is a hall of fame operated by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). It was founded in 1997, and has resided at the Hockey Hall of Fame in Toronto since 1998. Prior to 1997, the IIHF housed exhibits at the International Hockey Hall of Fame in Kingston, Ontario. Inductions are made annually at the medal presentation day of the Ice Hockey World Championships. As of 2026, the IIHF has inducted 269 members.
Gerhard Fankhauser
Gerhard Fankhauser (1901–1981) was an embryologist known for his studies on amphibian development. He was a professor at Princeton from 1931 to 1969, where he retired as the Edwin Grant Conklin Professor of Biology.

Frankhauser was born in Burgdorf, Switzerland in 1901. He received his doctorate from the University of Bern in 1924 and came to the United States in 1929 as a Rockefeller research fellow at the University of Chicago. Fankhauser completed his doctorate under Fritz Baltzer and has trained Alan Humphries, who studied frog oocytes at Emory University.

Fankhauser taught an undergraduate course in comparative natural history and a graduate course in experimental embryology and developmental genetics.

Gerhard Fankhauser's wife, Erna Fankhauser, worked as a language instructor and died in a head-on collision on November 6, 1954.

Oocyte
An oocyte (/ˈoʊəsaɪt/, oöcyte, or ovocyte) is a female germ cell involved in sexual reproduction. An oocyte is an immature ovum, an immature egg cell produced in a female fetus in the ovary during gametogenesis.  During oogenesis, the oogonia become primary oocytes. An oocyte is a form of genetic material that can be collected for cryopreservation.
Harry Blackburne
Christianity portal

Harry William Blackburne DSO, MC (25 January 1878 – 31 May 1963) was an Anglican clergyman, Dean of Bristol from 1934 to 1951.

He was born on 25 January 1878 and educated at Tonbridge School and Clare College, Cambridge. After service as a trooper in the Queen's Own West Kent Yeomanry during the Second Boer War he was ordained in 1902. After a curacy at All Saints, Leamington he was an army Chaplain from 1903 to 1924. From 1924 to 1931 he was Vicar of St Mary, Ashford. An Honorary Chaplain to the King he was a Canon of St George's, Windsor until his appointment to the Deanery. A noted author, he died on 31 May 1963.

His brother Lionel Blackburne was Dean of Ely, one son Hugh a Bishop of Thetford and another, Kenneth, the first governor-general of Jamaica.

Personal papers belonging to Blackburne are held in the archives at The Museum of Army Chaplaincy.

Dean of Ely
The position of Dean of Ely Cathedral, in East Anglia, England, in the Diocese of Ely  was created in 1541 after the Dissolution of the Monasteries. The first Dean of Ely had been the last Benedictine prior of Ely.
C. A. Rosetti, Tulcea
C. A. Rosetti (Romanian pronunciation: [t͡ʃe a roˈseti]) is a commune in Tulcea County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The commune is named for writer and politician Constantin Alexandru Rosetti. It is composed of five villages: C. A. Rosetti, Cardon, Letea, Periprava, and Sfiștofca.

The commune lies between the Chilia branch and the Sulina branch of the Danube Delta. It is located in the northeastern part of the county, on the border with Ukraine. A ferry service across the Danube operates from Periprava to Vylkove, a small city in the Izmail Raion of Odesa Oblast.

At the 2011 census, 65.7% of the inhabitants were Romanians, 24.3% Russian Lipovans, and 9.8% Ukrainians. The same census found that Letea (Russian: Летя, Letya) village had 348 inhabitants, down from 404 in 2002. Of those, 399 were native speakers of Romanian, and 5 of Ukrainian.

The painter Stavru Tarasov (1883–1961) was born in Letea.

The Periprava labor camp operated near the village of Periprava during communist rule.

Northern Dobruja
Northern Dobruja (Romanian: Dobrogea de Nord or simply Dobrogea; Bulgarian: Северна Добруджа, Severna Dobrudzha) is the part of Dobruja within the borders of Romania. It lies between the lower Danube River and the Black Sea, bordered in the south by Southern Dobruja, which is a part of Bulgaria.
Surat–Chennai Expressway
Nasik–Chennai Expressway is an under-construction, 1,271 km (790 mi) long, 6-lane access-controlled expressway, which will connect the third largest city of Maharashtra, Nasik, with the capital of Tamil Nadu, Chennai, in India. It will pass through six states: Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. It will be operated and maintained by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), and will reduce both travel time and distance from around 35 hours to around 16 hours, and from approximately 1,570 km (980 mi) to 1,271 km (790 mi). It is being built at a cost of ₹ 45,000 crore (~US$5.5 billion), which was earlier slated at ₹ 50,000 crore. It will be the second longest expressway in India, after the Delhi–Mumbai Expressway.

Akkalkot
Akkalkot  (pronunciationⓘ) is a city and a municipal council in Solapur district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is situated 38 km southeast of Solapur and  close to the border of  Karnataka state.

City is the home to Shri Swami Samarth, a 19th-century saint who is believed by his devotees to be an incarnation of Lord Dattatreya.
Akkalkot State during the British Raj, was a princely state ruled by the royal Bhonsale dynasty.
2023 Transylvania Open – Singles
Tamara Korpatsch defeated Elena-Gabriela Ruse in the final, 6–3, 6–4 to win the singles tennis title at the 2023 Transylvania Open. It was her first WTA Tour title.

Anna Blinkova was the reigning champion, but chose to compete in Nanchang instead.

Elena-Gabriela Ruse
Elena-Gabriela Ruse (born 6 November 1997) is a Romanian professional tennis player. She has a career-high WTA singles ranking of 51 and a best doubles ranking of world No. 32, achieved in May 2022 and 2023, respectively. She is currently the No. 2 Romanian player.

Ruse won her maiden WTA Tour singles title at the 2021 Hamburg European Open. She has also won six singles and eleven doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.
Ifni, Algeria
Ifni is a village in the commune of Illizi, in Illizi Province, Algeria. The village is the site of a project to introduce solar energy to Algeria, with 2 households connected to 15 solar power systems.

Communes of Algeria
The communes of Algeria (Arabic: بلدية (singular)), also known as municipalities, form the third level of administrative subdivisions of Algeria. As of 2002, there were 1,541 municipalities in the country. The municipalities are also known as communes (baladiyahs).
Madaya, Syria
Madaya (Arabic: مضايا, romanized: Maḍāyā) is a small mountainous town in Syria, located at an altitude of around 1,300 metres (4,300 ft). It is located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Damascus in the Rif Dimashq Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Madaya had a population of 9,371 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims. Madaya is an important summer resort in Syria, along with the nearby cities of Zabadani and Bloudan. The town's population is estimated at 15,000 in 2015.

The town's farms are famous for growing apples, cherries, and peaches, and the Barada River passes through it. It also has a number of springs and eyes that supply the town's needs, such as the Kawthar Spring and Ain Mayseh, which has made it a destination for many tourists coming from Damascus or from outside the country.

Rif Dimashq Governorate
Rif Dimashq Governorate (Arabic: محافظة ريف دمشق, romanized: Moḥaafaẓat Reef Demashq, lit. "Damascus Countryside" or "Damascus Suburbs") is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in the southwestern part of the country. It borders the governorates of Quneitra, Daraa and Suwayda in the southwest, Homs in the north, Lebanon in the west and Jordan in the south. The capital is the city of Douma.

The Governorate completely surrounds the city and governorate of Damascus and it has an area of 18,032 km² and a population of 2,273,074 (2004 census).

The Governorate was a major site of fighting in the Syrian Civil War in the Rif Dimashq Governorate campaign.
Phosphinane
Phosphinane is the organophosphorus compound with the formula (CH2)5PH.  This colorless liquid is the parent member of a family of six-membered, saturated rings containing phosphorus.  These compounds are mainly of academic interest. The ring adopts a flexible cyclohexane-like chair conformation.

Phosphinane can be prepared via the Arbuzov reaction of triethylphosphite and 1,5-dibromopentane followed by cyclization and reduction steps. Phosphinane can also be prepared by reduction of 1-chlorophosphinane, which in turn is obtained by the reaction of 1-phenylphosphinane and phosphorus trichloride.

Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction
The Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction (also called the Arbuzov reaction) is the chemical reaction of a trivalent phosphorus ester with an alkyl halide to form a pentavalent phosphorus species and another alkyl halide. The picture below shows the most common types of substrates undergoing the Arbuzov reaction; phosphite esters (1) react to form phosphonates (2),  phosphonites (3) react to form phosphinates (4) and phosphinites (5) react to form phosphine oxides (6).

The reaction was discovered by August Michaelis in 1898, and greatly explored by Aleksandr Arbuzov soon thereafter.  This reaction is widely used for the synthesis of various phosphonates, phosphinates, and phosphine oxides.  Several reviews have been published.  The reaction also occurs for coordinated phosphite ligands, as illustrated by the demethylation of {(C5H5)Co[(CH3O)3P]3}2+ to give {(C5H5)Co[(CH3O)2PO]3}−, which is called the Klaui ligand.
Hollberg Hotel
Hollberg Hotel is a historic hotel in Senoia, Georgia that is now operated as The Veranda Historic Inn. It was built 1906 in a Greek Revival architecture style and includes nine guest rooms, heart pine floors, tin ceilings, ornate light fixtures, chandeliers, 11 fireplaces, gardens, rocking chairs and a large veranda with porch swings. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 10, 1980. The hotel is located on Seavy Street and Barnes Street. According to The Veranda's website many Confederate soldiers had reunions at the hotel; Margaret Mitchell interviewed Confederate Veterans for Gone With the Wind at the hotel; William Jennings Bryan was a guest in 1908 while running for President and the movie Broken Bridges featured the hotel in 2006.

Senoia, Georgia
Senoia (/səˈnɔɪə/, locally /səˈnɔɪ/) is a city located south of Atlanta in Coweta County, Georgia, United States. It is part of the Atlanta metropolitan area. Its population was 5,016 at the 2020 census.