hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Roan Mountain, Tennessee
Roan Mountain is a census-designated place (CDP) in Carter County, Tennessee, United States.  The population was 1,360 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Johnson City Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area – commonly known as the Tri-Cities region.

Interstate 26
Interstate 26 (I-26) is a main route of the Interstate Highway System in the Southeastern United States. Nominally east–west, as indicated by its even number, I-26 runs from the junction of US Route 11W (US 11W) and US 23 in Kingsport, Tennessee, generally southeastward to US 17 in Charleston, South Carolina. The portion from Mars Hill, North Carolina, east (compass south) to I-240 in Asheville, North Carolina, has signs indicating FUTURE I-26, because the highway does not yet meet all of the Interstate Highway standards.

Northward from Kingsport, US 23 continues to Portsmouth, Ohio, as Corridor B of the Appalachian Development Highway System, and beyond to Columbus, Ohio, as Corridor C. In conjunction with the Columbus–Toledo corridor in Ohio formed by I-75, US 23, and State Route 15 (SR 15), I-26 forms part of a mostly high-speed four-or-more-lane highway from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Coast at Charleston, South Carolina.
Chronology of discoveries of water on Mars
To date, interplanetary spacecraft have provided abundant evidence of water on Mars, dating back to the Mariner 9 mission, which arrived at Mars in 1971. This article provides a mission by mission breakdown of the discoveries they have made. For a more comprehensive description of evidence for water on Mars today, and the history of water on that planet, see Water on Mars.

Hellas quadrangle
The Hellas quadrangle is one of a series of 30 quadrangle maps of Mars used by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Astrogeology Research Program. The Hellas quadrangle is also referred to as MC-28 (Mars Chart-28).
The Hellas quadrangle covers the area from 240° to 300° west longitude and 30° to 65° south latitude on the planet Mars. Within the Hellas quadrangle lies the classic features Hellas Planitia and Promethei Terra. Many interesting and mysterious features have been discovered in the Hellas quadrangle, including the giant river valleys Dao Vallis, Niger Vallis, Harmakhis, and Reull Vallis—all of which may have contributed water to a lake in the Hellas basin in the distant past. Many places in the Hellas quadrangle show signs of ice in the ground, especially places with glacier-like flow features.
Stiles P. Jones
Stiles P. Jones (November 15, 1822 – September 25, 1861) was an American lawyer and politician.

Jones was born in Barkhamsted, Litchfield County, Connecticut. He moved to Minnesota in 1855 and settled in Rochester, Minnesota with his wife and family. Jones practiced law in Rochester, Minnesota. He served in the Minnesota Senate representing the 12th Senate district until his death in 1861.

Minnesota's 12th Senate District
The Minnesota's 12th Senate District is one of 67 Minnesota State Senate districts. It encompasses parts of Big Stone County, Douglas County, Grant County, Pope County, Stearns County, Stevens County, Swift County, Traverse County and Wilkin County. The seat has been held by Republican Torrey Westrom of Elbow Lake, Minnesota since 2013.
Dettifoss
Dettifoss (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈtɛhtɪˌfɔsː] ⓘ) is a waterfall in Vatnajökull National Park in Northeast Iceland, and is reputed to be the second most powerful waterfall in Europe after the Rhine Falls. Dettifoss is situated on the Jökulsá á Fjöllum river, which flows from the Vatnajökull glacier and collects water from a large area in Northeast Iceland. The sediment-rich runoff colours the water a greyish white.

The falls are 100 metres (330 ft) wide and have a drop of 44 metres (144 ft) down to the canyon Jökulsárgljúfur. It is the second largest waterfall in Iceland in terms of volume discharge (behind the Urriðafoss), having an average water flow of 193 m³/s. The superlative of "most powerful" comes from its water flow multiplied by its fall distance.

In Icelandic, the name derives from detta ("fall" or "collapse") and foss ("waterfalls").

Rhine Falls
The Rhine Falls (German: Rheinfall [ˈraɪnfal] ⓘ / Swiss German: Rhyfall [ˈriːfal], a singular noun) is a waterfall on the High Rhine in Switzerland. It is the most powerful waterfall in Europe and a popular tourist attraction.

The falls are located on the border between the cantons of Schaffhausen (SH) and Zurich (ZH), between the municipalities of Neuhausen am Rheinfall (SH) and Laufen-Uhwiesen/Dachsen (ZH), ca. 3 km (1.9 mi) south of the town of Schaffhausen and close to the border with Germany.

The falls are 150 m (490 ft) wide and 23 m (75 ft) high. In the winter months, the average water flow is 250 m3/s (8,800 cu ft/s), while in the summer, the average water flow is 600 m3/s (21,000 cu ft/s). The highest flow ever measured was 1,250 cubic metres per second (44,000 cu ft/s) in 1965,  and the lowest, 95 cubic metres per second (3,400 cu ft/s) in 1921. The highest waterfall in Switzerland are the Mürrenbach Falls (417 m (1,368 ft)).
HMS Gipsy
HMS Gipsy (or Gipsey) has been the name of several Royal Navy ships:

HMS Gipsy (1799), a schooner in service from 1799 to 1804 that captured several French privateers.

HMS Gipsy (1804), a schooner purchased in Jamaica in 1804 and sold in 1808.

HMS Gipsy (1836), a schooner tender launched in 1836 and sold in 1892.

HMS Gipsy (1897), a C-class destroyer launched in 1897 and sold in 1921. The hull was used as a pontoon until at least 1937.

HMS Gipsy (H63), a G-class destroyer launched in 1935 and mined on 21 November 1939 off Harwich.

Gypsy, the former Gravesend ferry Carlotta, requisitioned as a depot ship for the auxiliary patrol service. Bombed at Tower Pier, London in 1941

HMS Gipsy (1799)
HMS Gipsy (or Gipsey) was a schooner in service as a ship's tender to several flagships in the Caribbean between 1799 and 1804. In that service she captured several French privateers.

Although there is information on her service history,  there is no information extant on her origins, fate, burthen, or other dimensions.
Theresienfeld
Theresienfeld is a town in the Wiener Neustadt-Land district of Lower Austria, in eastern Austria. It lies 5 km (3 miles) north of Wiener Neustadt, in the southern part of the Vienna Basin. Of its 11.47 km2 area, 3.40% is forested.

Lower Austria
Lower Austria (German: Niederösterreich pronounced [ˈniːdɐˌ(ʔ)øːstɐraɪç] ⓘ, Bavarian: Niedaöstareich, abbreviated LA or NÖ) is one of the nine states of Austria, located in the northeastern corner of the country. Major cities are Amstetten, Krems an der Donau, Wiener Neustadt and Sankt Pölten, which has been the capital of Lower Austria since 1986, replacing Vienna, which became a separate state in 1921. With a land area of 19,186 km2 (7,408 sq mi) and a population of 1.7 million people, Lower Austria is the largest and second-most-populous state in Austria (after Vienna).
Hinebaugh Creek
Hinebaugh Creek (Latitude: 38.35; Longitude:-122.73)  is a westward-flowing stream in western Sonoma County within the Laguna de Santa Rosa watershed. As this watercourse proceeds westerly through the city of Rohnert Park, it has largely been channelized and courses in an artificially straight alignment. Considered waters of the United States as a jurisdictional matter, Hinebaugh Creek is potential habitat for the California red-legged frog and the Western pond turtle.  The dominant riparian vegetation is Himalayan blackberry and willow.

California red-legged frog
The California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii) is a species of frog found in California (USA) and northern Baja California (Mexico). It was formerly considered a subspecies of the northern red-legged frog (Rana aurora). The frog is an IUCN near-threatened species as of 2021, has a NatureServe conservation status of Imperiled as of 2015, and is a federally listed threatened species of the United States that is protected by law.
CASA C-102
The CASA C-102 was a military trainer aircraft designed in Spain in the late 1970s but never actually built. The project was initiated by a 1977 request to CASA by the Ejército del Aire for such an aircraft. The company's response was a conventional all-metal monoplane with a T-tail, fixed tricycle undercarriage and side-by-side seating for the pilot and instructor.

At the end of the following year, the Air Force commenced the formal tendering process for the Futuro Avión Ligero Selectivo ("Future Selective Light Aircraft"), to which CASA submitted a developed and refined version of the design, now known as the C-102S. The company had also laid out a four-seat utility version as the C-102SE.

Interest by the Air Force waned after this, and no order for the aircraft was placed. It was to be a full decade before the Ejército del Aire filled this niche with a modern aircraft, which would eventually be the Chilean ENAER Pillán built under licence by CASA.

T-tail
A T-tail is an empennage configuration in which the tailplane of an aircraft is mounted to the top of the fin. The arrangement looks like the capital letter T, hence the name. The T-tail differs from the standard configuration in which the tailplane is mounted to the fuselage at the base of the fin.
Hoya anulata
Hoya anulata is a species of flowering plant in the Apocynaceae or dogbane family and is endemic to Cape York and parts of Southeast Asia. It is a epiphytic or lithophytic vine with fleshy, egg-shaped leaves, fleshy pale pink and white flowers, and spindle-shaped follicles.

Cape York Peninsula
The Cape York Peninsula is located in Far North Queensland, Australia. It is the largest wilderness in northern Australia. The land is mostly flat and about half of the area is used for grazing cattle. The relatively undisturbed eucalyptus-wooded savannahs, tropical rainforests and other types of habitat are now recognised and preserved for their global environmental significance. Although much of the peninsula remains pristine, with a diverse repertoire of endemic flora and fauna, some of its wildlife may be threatened by industry and overgrazing as well as introduced species and weeds.

The northernmost point of the peninsula is Cape York.
The land has been occupied by a number of Aboriginal Australian peoples for tens of thousands of years. In 1606, Dutch sailor Willem Janszoon on board the Duyfken was the first European to land in Australia, reaching the Cape York Peninsula.
Hello (Masaharu Fukuyama song)
"Hello" is the tenth single by Japanese artist Masaharu Fukuyama. It was released on February 6, 1995. It was used as the theme song to the drama Saikō no Kataomoi: White Love Story. In professional wrestling, it is best known as the entrance song of Jiro "Ikemen" Kuroshio.

Jiro Kuroshio
Sōjirō Higuchi (Japanese: 樋口 壮士朗, Hepburn: Higuchi Sōjirō; born September 19, 1992), best known as Jiro "Ikemen" Kuroshio (黒潮"イケメン"二郎, Kuroshio "Ikemen" Jirō) and currently performing as Kuroshio Tokyo Japan (黒潮TOKYOジャパン, Kuroshio Tōkyō Japan), is a Japanese professional wrestler and Internet personality.

Higuchi is known for his work in the Wrestle-1 promotion, where he was a former Wrestle-1 Result Champion and Wrestle-1 Tag Team Champion before leaving the promotion in January 2019. He worked for WWE from 2020 until his release in 2023, performing for the NXT brand under the ring name Ikemen Jiro, where he notably formed a tag team with Kushida known as Jacket Time.

Higuchi portrays an ikemen character, reflected in his aliases, ring attire and mannerisms. Since his release from WWE in 2023, he has gone under the ring name Kuroshio Tokyo Japan, retaining his ikemen character in the process.
Comic ballet
Comic ballet is a subcategory of narrative ballet, and denotes a dramatic work of a light or comic nature. Catherine d'Medici enjoyed the Italian custom of staging entertainments where classical or allegorical legends were retold through music and dancing, and she introduced this custom to France. It was Catherine's court festival director, Baltazarini da Belgiojoso who staged and choreographed the 'Ballet Comique de la Reine'. This ballet was presented at the Petit Bourbon on 15 October 1581, and related the story of Circe.

Comic ballets include:

Cinderella (Ashton)

Coppélia

Don Quixote

La Fille Mal Gardée

La fille mal gardée (Ashton)

Frizak the Barber

The Kermesse in Bruges

The Lady and the Fool

The Magic Flute

The Parisian Market or Le Marché des Innocents

Pineapple Poll

Pirates of Penzance - The Ballet!

Punch and the Judy

The Lady and the Fool
The Lady and the Fool is a ballet, created by choreographer John Cranko with lesser-known operatic music by Giuseppe Verdi arranged by Sir Charles Mackerras. The story concerns the love of a poor clown for a society beauty, who finally rejects her wealthy suitors and chooses a life with the clown.
Manuel Porzner
Manuel Porzner (born 25 February 1996) is a German racing cyclist, who currently rides for German amateur team RSG Ansbach. He rode for Tirol Cycling Team in the men's team time trial event at the 2018 UCI Road World Championships.

2018 UCI Road World Championships – Men's team time trial
The Men's team time trial of the 2018 UCI Road World Championships was a cycling event that took place on 23 September 2018 in Innsbruck, Austria. It was the 34th edition of the championship, and the 7th since its reintroduction for trade teams in 2012. German team Team Sunweb were the defending champions, having won in 2017. 22 teams and 132 riders entered the competition.

The race was won for the first time since 2016 by Quick-Step Floors, finishing 18.46 seconds clear of the defending champions, Team Sunweb, while the BMC Racing Team completed the podium, a further 1.09 seconds in arrears.
KKBC-FM
KKBC-FM (95.3 FM, "Hit Radio 95.3 & 105.9") is an American radio station licensed to serve Baker City, the county seat of Baker County, Oregon. The station is owned and operated by the Pacific Empire Radio Corporation. All five stations owned and operated by Pacific Empire Radio Corporation share a radio studio building in La Grande, Oregon, located at 2510 Cove Ave.

Baker County, Oregon
Baker County (// ⓘ) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,668. The county seat and largest city is Baker City. The county was organized on September 22, 1862, when a portion of Wasco County was partitioned off. The new county's area was reduced in 1864 when Union County was partitioned off, and again in 1887 when Malheur County was partitioned off. The county's lines were last adjusted in 1901 when a parcel was added to the county.

Baker County was named for Edward Dickinson Baker, a senator from Oregon who was killed at Ball's Bluff, a battle of the Civil War in Virginia in 1861. The county is part of the county definition of Eastern Oregon.
Dynamo (Alton Towers)
Dynamo was a Huss Breakdance ride located in the Forbidden Valley area of the Alton Towers theme park. It was the first ride seen to the left when entering the area, and was opposite to Ripsaw, which was a Huss Top Spin.

Breakdance (ride)
Breakdance is an amusement ride designed by Huss Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG in 1985.

Upon release, the ride design proved to be an instant hit, with HUSS now producing four varying designs, all of which can be acquired in transportable, semi-permanent, or permanent forms.
Yuan Jiang
Yuan Jiang (Chinese: 袁江; pinyin: Yuán Jiāng; Wade–Giles: Yüan Chiang, c. 1671–c. 1746); was a Chinese landscape painter who lived in the Qing dynasty (1644–1912). He served at the imperial palace during the Yongzheng era (1722–1735).

Yuan was born in Yangzhou in coastal Jiangsu province. He was part of an artistic family; his nephew Yuan Yao was also a landscape painter. Yuan painted landscapes and garrets, as well as bird-and-flower paintings and paintings of beasts. His landscapes and garrets contained accurate compositions and minute details that were suitable for construction.

Bird-and-flower painting
Bird-and-flower painting, called Huaniaohua (Chinese: 花鳥畫; pinyin: huāniǎohuà) in Chinese, is a kind of Chinese painting with a long tradition in China and is considered one of the treasures of Chinese culture. The huaniaohua was named after its subject matter. It originated in the Tang dynasty where it gained popularity, matured by the end of that period and during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, and fully reached its peak during the Song dynasty. Most huaniaohua paintings belong to the scholar-artist style of Chinese painting. In the coming centuries, the genre gained popularity and spread throughout the East Asian cultural sphere. It also had an influence on Iranian painting in the golomorgh genre of illustration for book covers and illuminated manuscripts.
Maximum downside exposure
In financial investment, the maximum downside exposure (MDE) values the maximum downside to an investment portfolio. In other words, it states the most that the portfolio could lose in the event of a catastrophe. As such, MDE obviates the need to worry about the market's unpredictable swings as it virtually "eliminates" downside surprises. The formula:

MDE = unhedged exposure/total portfolio value.

(For example, if half of the funds are in inflation-protected cash, and the other half in stocks, the portfolio could not lose more than 50%  – the portfolio's MDE.)

The main benefit of MDE is that – unlike probabilistic risk models (such as VaR) – it appropriately factors in all risks to the portfolio without looking at historical (and often erroneous) data and relying on simplistic statistical assumptions that don't correspond to the real world. This makes MDE a very robust risk management tool.

Statistical assumption
Statistics, like all mathematical disciplines, does not infer valid conclusions from nothing. Inferring interesting conclusions about real statistical populations almost always requires some background assumptions. Those assumptions must be made carefully, because incorrect assumptions can generate wildly inaccurate conclusions.

Here are some examples of statistical assumptions:

Independence of observations from each other (this assumption is an especially common error).

Independence of observational error from potential confounding effects.

Exact or approximate normality of observations (or errors).

Linearity of graded responses to quantitative stimuli, e.g., in linear regression.
Sniper's Badge
The Sniper's Badge (German: Scharfschützenabzeichen) was a World War II German military decoration awarded to snipers. It was instituted on 20 August 1944. Initially, only personnel serving in the German Army and the Waffen-SS were eligible. Later, by order of the High Command, it was also made available to snipers of the other armed services.

The sniper's badge had three grades:

Third class (no cord) for 20 enemy kills

Second class (with silver cord) for 40 enemy kills

First class (with gold cord) for 60 enemy kills

The enemy kills were counted from 1 September 1944. Close quarter kills made were not to be taken into account. Every enemy kill had to be confirmed by witnesses and reported to the unit.

Military awards and decorations
Military awards and decorations are distinctions given as a mark of honor for military heroism, meritorious or outstanding service or achievement. A decoration is often a medal consisting of a ribbon and a medallion.

Civil decorations awarded to military personnel should not be considered military decorations, although some orders of chivalry have civil and military divisions. Decorations received by police and fire brigade personnel may sometimes be considered alongside military decorations, on which they may be modelled, although they are strictly not military awards.

Military awards and decorations may take the form of medal ribbons or miniature medals, which are mounted together on a bar known as a barrette.
2010 Speedway Grand Prix of Italy
The 2010 FIM Nice Italian Speedway Grand Prix was the ninth race of the 2010 Speedway Grand Prix season. It took place on 11 September at the Pista Olimpia Terenzano in Terenzano, Italy.

The Italian Grand Prix was won by World Championship leader Tomasz Gollob, who become 2010 World Champion. Gollob won last year SGP also. Tomasz Gollob beat Chris Harris, Greg Hancock and Nicki Pedersen in the final heat.

Pista Olimpia Terenzano
The Pista Olimpia Terenzano is a 4,000-capacity motorcycle stadium in the Terenzano Province of Udine. The stadium is situated south of Udine and north east of Pozzuolo del Friuli. The speedway track has a circumference of 400 metres.
Moretele Local Municipality
Moretele Municipality (Tswana: Mmasepala wa Moretele; Tsonga: Masipala wa Moretele; Northern Sotho: Mmasepala wa Moretele) is a local municipality within the Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, in the North West province of South Africa. As of 2011, its population was approximately 180,000, a majority of whom speak Setswana as a first language.

Northern Sotho
Sepedi is one of South Africa’s twelve official languages and belongs to the Bantu language family, specifically the Sotho-Tswana group. The language is spoken mainly in Limpopo Province, and to a lesser extent in Gauteng, Mpumalanga, and North West.

Sepedi refers to the dialect spoken by the Pedi people. Northern Sotho is the umbrella term for a group of related dialects. The two terms are often used interchangeably, but technically Sepedi is one dialect of Northern Sotho.

As of the 2022 South African Census, approximately 6.2 million people, or 10.0% of the national population, speak Sepedi as their first language. Sepedi ranks as the fifth most spoken first language.
William H. Potstock
William Herman Potstock (Wilhelm Hermann), (1872–1941) was a German American musician and composer. His best known work “Souvenir De Sarasate ” combines different techniques (left-hand pizzicato and double stops) and is a popular virtuoso piece.

Double stop
In music, a double stop is the technique of playing two notes simultaneously on a stringed instrument such as a violin, a viola, a cello, or a double bass. On instruments such as the Hardanger fiddle it is common and often employed. In performing a double stop, two separate strings are bowed or plucked simultaneously. Although the term itself suggests these strings are to be fingered (stopped), in practice one or both strings may be open.

A triple stop is the same technique applied to three strings; a quadruple stop applies to four strings. Double, triple, and quadruple stopping are collectively known as multiple stopping.

Early extensive examples of the double stop and string chords appear in Carlo Farina's Capriccio Stravagante from 1627, and in certain of the sonatas of Biagio Marini's Op. 8 of 1629.
Lay Your Hands on Me (Peter Gabriel song)
"Lay Your Hands on Me" is a song written and recorded by English musician Peter Gabriel. It is the sixth track on Gabriel's fourth studio album, Peter Gabriel, which was released in 1982. When performed live, Gabriel would falling into the crowd near the conclusion of the song and crowdsurf, with such instances occurring during his 1982 tour promoting his fourth studio album and the 1986–1987 This Way Up Tour.

Fairlight CMI
The Fairlight CMI (short for Computer Musical Instrument) is a digital synthesizer, music sampler, and digital audio workstation (DAW) introduced in 1979 by Fairlight. It was based on a commercial licence of the Qasar M8 developed by Tony Furse of Creative Strategies in Sydney, Australia. It was one of the earliest electronic music workstations with an embedded sampler and is credited for coining the term sampling in music. It rose to prominence in the early 1980s and competed with the Synclavier from New England Digital.