hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Esmark Glacier
54°13′S 37°13′W﻿ / ﻿54.217°S 37.217°W﻿ / -54.217; -37.217

Esmark Glacier is a glacier flowing into the west part of Jossac Bight on the south coast of South Georgia. It was named by the Norwegian expedition under Olaf Holtedahl, 1927–28, most likely for Jens Esmark, professor of mineralogy at the University of Kristiania (Oslo), Norway.
To the northwest is Mount Cunningham.

Jens Esmark
Jens Esmark (31 January 1763 – 26 January 1839) was a Danish-Norwegian professor of mineralogy who  contributed to many of the initial discoveries and conceptual analyses of glaciers, specifically the concept  that glaciers had covered larger areas in the past.
Kukak Village Site
The Kukak Village Site is a prehistoric and historic archaeological site, located on the shore of Kukak Bay, on the south coast of the Alaska Peninsula in Katmai National Park and Preserve.  The area was documented to be occupied in the early 20th century, and was abandoned after the 1912 volcanic eruption of Novarupta.  The Kukak Bay area is also of prehistoric significance, with researchers identifying 89 depressions as likely sites of subterranean houses (similar to barabaras), and a refuse midden.

The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Barabara
A barabara or barabora (Russian); ulax̂, ulaagamax, ulaq, or ulas (plural) (Aleut); and ciqlluaq (Alutiiq ~ Sugpiaq) were the traditional, main or communal dwelling used by the Alutiiq people and Aleuts, the indigenous people of the Aleutian Islands. They lay partially underground like an earth lodge or pit-house, and most of the house was excavated from the dirt so as to withstand the high forces of wind in the Aleutian chain of islands. Barabaras are no longer used, as present-day Aleuts live in modern houses and apartment buildings.
Manushi (film)
Manushi (transl. Woman) is an upcoming Tamil-language political drama film written and directed by N. Gopi Nainar of Aramm (2017) fame and produced by Vetrimaaran and Ishan Saksena under Grass Root Film Company, B4U Entertainment, and IVY Entertainment. The film stars Andrea Jeremiah in the lead role, alongside Nassar, Tamizh, Balaji Sakthivel and Hakkim Shah. Ilaiyaraaja composed the music, while A. M. Edwin Sakay handled cinematography and the editing was done by Anthony and R. Ramar. The film has attracted attention for its legal and societal themes, and its release has been delayed due to challenges in obtaining a censor certificate from the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC), with the filmmakers required to make multiple cuts and modifications.

Vetrimaaran
Vetrimaaran is an Indian film director, film producer and screenwriter who primarily works in Tamil cinema. He is known for his unique filmography with major commercial success and highly critically acclaimed body of work. He has won five National Film Awards, three Filmfare South Awards and one Tamil Nadu State Film Award.

Vetrimaaran made his directorial debut with Polladhavan (2007). His second feature film Aadukalam (2011) won six National Film Awards. His 2016 directorial Visaranai was selected as India's official entry to the Academy Awards. His film Asuran (2019) received the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil. He produces films under his production company, Grass Root Film Company.  He is also the founder of International Institute of Film and Culture (IIFC).
Joseph Comiti
Joseph Comiti (4 June 1920, Sotta – 10 November 2000, Bastia) was a French physician, surgeon and politician.

A member of parliament for the Bouches-du-Rhône department (province) of France, Comiti served as Secretary of State for Youth, Sports, and Leisure, and as Minister for Parliamentary Relations in the late 1960s to the early 1970s.

Bastia
Bastia (UK: /ˈbæstjə, ˈbɑːs-/ BA(H)SS-tyə, US: /ˈbɑːstiə, ˈbæs-, bɑːˈstiːə/ BA(H)SS-tee-ə, bahss-TEE-; French: [bastja] ⓘ, Italian: [baˈstiːa]; Corsican: Bastìa [baˈsti.a]) is a commune in the department of Haute-Corse, Corsica, France. It is located in the northeast of the island of Corsica at the base of Cap Corse. It also has the second-highest population of any commune on the island after Ajaccio and is the capital of the Bagnaja region and of the department.

Bastia is the principal port of the island and its principal commercial town and is known for its wines. The inhabitants of the commune are known as Bastiais or Bastiaises. The commune has been awarded three flowers by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the Competition of cities and villages in Bloom.
A Terrible Beauty (Christy Moore album)
A Terrible Beauty is a studio album by Irish folk singer Christy Moore, released in 2024 by Claddagh Records. The album is dedicated to the Irish journalist Tommie Gorman and to music promoter Vince Power.

The video for the first track "Boy in the Wild" was directed and produced by Ellius Grace, and stars the Irish actor Liam Cunningham as the father, and the IFTA-nominated young actor Ollie West as his son.

Tommie Gorman
Tommie Gorman (3 April 1956 – 25 June 2024) was an Irish journalist. He worked for RTÉ News from 1980 to 2021, where he was the former Northern Ireland editor.

Gorman was known for his personal interviews with figures such as Seán Quinn, Gerry Adams and Roy Keane, the latter following the 2002 Saipan incident. He retired in April 2021.
Joan Wake
Joan Wake CBE (29 February 1884 – 15 January 1974) was an English historian and archival activist, with a particular interest in the history and records of her native Northamptonshire. She led a successful campaign to save Delapré Abbey from destruction.

Northamptonshire Record Society
The Northamptonshire Record Society is an educational charity which promotes interest in and knowledge about the history of Northamptonshire. It publishes books and journals, operates a library and arranges talks, workshops and other events.

The Society is based at Wootton Hall Park, Northampton in a building shared with the Northamptonshire Record Office. Administrative details including the latest annual report and accounts are available from the Charity Commission
Quaternary Research
Quaternary Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of Quaternary science. The journal was established in 1970, is now published by Cambridge University Press, and is edited by Derek B. Booth, Nicholas Lancaster and Lewis A. Owen. Previous editors included A. Lincoln Washburn, Estella B. Leopold, Stephen C. Porter, Eric Steig, and Alan R. Gillespie.

Quaternary science
Quaternary science is the subfield of geology which studies the Quaternary Period, commonly known as the ice age.  This period spans around 2.58 million years ago to the present. It comprises two epochs: the Pleistocene and the Holocene. It was first studied during the nineteenth century by French scientist Georges Cuvier.

It aims to understand the Earth's environment during these recent epochs, including ecosystem, climate changes, geography, biology, chemistry, and physics.  It helps provide a framework to interpret archaeological records.
Khan Mughals
The Khan Mughal are a clan of the Chaghatai Mughal tribe found in and around Kashmir and Punjab, particularly near the mountains of the Pir Panjal Range and the city of Nabeel. They traditionally assert descent from the Barlas tribe of the Mughals who ruled over the Indian subcontinent. Their ancestors initially spoke  Persian and Chagatai language. The renowned Dhaka Nawab dynasty averred descent from the Khan Mughal clans of Iranian Azerbaijan.

Chagatai language
Chagatai (چغتای, Čaġatāy), also known as Turki, Eastern Turkic, or Chagatai Turkic (Čaġatāy türkīsi), is a Turkic language that was once widely spoken across Central Asia. It remained the shared literary language in the region until the early 20th century. It was used across a wide geographic area including western or Russian Turkestan (i.e. parts of modern-day Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan), Eastern Turkestan (where a dialect, known as Kaşğar tılı, developed), Crimea, the Volga region (such as Tatarstan and Bashkortostan), etc. Chagatai is the direct ancestor of the Uzbek and Uyghur languages. Kazakh and Turkmen, which are not within the Karluk branch but are in the Kipchak and Oghuz branches of the Turkic languages respectively, were nonetheless heavily influenced by Chagatai for centuries.

Ali-Shir Nava'i was the greatest representative of Chagatai literature.
Derek Ware (actor)
Derek Arthur Ware (27 February 1938 – 22 September 2015) was an English actor and stuntman, active from the late 1950s through the 1990s.

Ware's parents were Arthur, a music hall performer, and his wife Margaret. After graduating from RADA in 1957, his earliest television work was on the BBC's cycle of Shakespeare's history plays, An Age of Kings (1960), as both actor and stunt arranger. For the director Peter Watkins, Ware was involved in the production of the docudramas, Culloden (1964) and The War Game (1966), both for the BBC.

Ware was a stuntman and fight arranger for the early seasons of Doctor Who on which his company Havoc, founded in 1966, was involved as well as many other television shows into the 1970s, for both the BBC and ITV. The company entirely dominating the stunt work field for a time, but had been dissolved by the end of the 1970s. He worked on Z-Cars, the original The Italian Job (1969), in which he also played the role of Rozzer, and later, on EastEnders.

Culloden (film)
Culloden (known as The Battle of Culloden in the U.S.) is a 1964 docudrama written and directed by Peter Watkins for BBC TV. It depicts the 1746 Battle of Culloden, the final engagement of the Jacobite rising of 1745 which saw the Jacobite Army be decisively defeated by government troops and in the words of the narrator "tore apart forever the clan system of the Scottish Highlands." Described in its opening credits as "an account of one of the most mishandled and brutal battles ever fought in Britain," Culloden was hailed as a breakthrough for its presentation of a historical event in the style of modern TV war reporting, as well as its use of non-professional actors. The film was based on John Prebble's study of the battle.
2015–16 Vijay Hazare Trophy Group D
2015–16 Vijay Hazare Trophy is the 14th season of the Vijay Hazare Trophy, a List A cricket tournament in India. It is contested by 27 domestic cricket teams of India divided into 4 Groups. The winner will advance to play 2015–16 Deodhar Trophy.

The top two teams advanced to the quarter finals.

Vijay Hazare Trophy
The Vijay Hazare Trophy is a cricket tournament played in India. It is administered by the Board of Control for Cricket in India and is contested by state and city teams in a league and playoff format. Along with the inter-zonal Deodhar Trophy, it forms the top level of List A cricket in the country, and is an important feeder tournament for selection in the Indian National Cricket Team. Matches consist of 50 overs per side, similar to One Day International matches. It was initially a zonal tournament, and became a national tournament in 2002. Vidarbha are the defending champions, after having won the 2025-26 edition.
Pseudopeltula myriocarpa
Pseudopeltula myriocarpa is a species of rock-dwelling squamulose lichen in the family Lichinaceae. It forms small, olive-colored, shield-shaped scales on limestone and dolomite. The species is the type of its genus and is distinguished by its fruiting bodies, which become aggregated into dark, spot-like stromatic patches up to about 2 mm across. It occurs in Mexico and the Caribbean.

Squamulose lichen
A squamulose lichen is a lichen that is composed of small, often overlapping "scales" called squamules. If they are raised from the substrate and appear leafy, the lichen may appear to be a foliose lichen, but the underside does not have a "skin" (cortex), as foliose lichens do.
 Squamulose lichens are composed of flattish units that are usually tightly clustered. They are like an intermediate between crustose and foliose lichens.

Examples of squamulose lichens include Vahliella leucophaea, Cladonia subcervicornis and Lichenomphalia hudsoniana.
Truth (novel)
Truth is a 2009 crime fiction novel written by Peter Temple. The novel is a sequel to Temple's 2005 novel The Broken Shore, and won the Miles Franklin Award in 2010.

The book is set around the time of the Black Saturday bushfires in Victoria. Temple was in the process of writing the book, set during a hot bushfire-prone season, when the fires occurred. The disaster almost stopped him continuing, saying "I wasn't quite sure how to cope with that. I wasn't sure what kind of book I would write."

Black Saturday bushfires
The Black Saturday bushfires were a series of bushfires that either ignited or were already burning across the Australian state of Victoria on Saturday, 7 February 2009, and was one of Australia's all-time worst bushfire disasters. The fires occurred during extreme bushfire weather conditions and resulted in Australia's highest-ever loss of human life from a bushfire, with 173 fatalities. Many people were left homeless and without families as a result.

As many as 400 individual fires were recorded on Saturday 7 February; the day has become widely referred to in Australia as Black Saturday.

Then Deputy Prime Minister Julia Gillard described Black Saturday as "a tragedy beyond belief, beyond precedent and beyond words … one of the darkest days in Australia’s peacetime history."

The 2009 Victorian Bushfires Royal Commission, headed by Justice Bernard Teague, was held in response to the bushfires.
Gunton (surname)
Gunton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bob Gunton (born 1945), American actor

Colin Gunton (1941–2003), British theologian

Elliott Gunton (born 1999), British cybercriminal

Frederick Gunton (1813–1888), English organist

George Gunton (1845–1919), American economist

Mike Gunton, British television producer

Rebecca Joanne Gunton (born 1976), birth name of English news presenter Becky Jago

Samuel Gunton (1883–1959), English association football player

Simon Gunton (1609–1676), English divine and antiquary

Bob Gunton
Robert Patrick Gunton Jr. (born November 15, 1945) is an American character actor of stage and screen. He is known for playing strict authoritarian characters, including Warden Samuel Norton in the 1994 prison drama The Shawshank Redemption, Chief George Earle in 1993's Demolition Man, Dr. Walcott, the domineering dean of Virginia Medical School in Patch Adams, and Secretary of State Cyrus Vance in Argo. He also played Leland Owlsley in the Daredevil television series, Secretary of Defense Ethan Kanin in 24, and Noah Taylor in Desperate Housewives.

In addition to his film and television careers, Gunton is a prolific theatre actor. He originated the role of Juan Perón in the Broadway premiere of Evita and the titular character in the 1989 revival of Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street, roles for which he received Tony Award nominations. He has received a Drama Desk Award, an Obie Award, and a Clarence Derwent Award.
Barrence Whitfield
Barrence Whitfield (born Barry White, June 13, 1955) is an American soul and R&B vocalist, best known as the frontman for Barrence Whitfield & the Savages.

White was born in Jacksonville, Florida. When he was a child, his family moved to East Orange, New Jersey, where he began singing in a gospel choir. While attending West Side High School he sang and played drums in rock, prog-rock, and funk bands.

East Orange, New Jersey
East Orange is a city in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 69,612, an increase of 5,342 (+8.3%) from the 2010 census count of 64,270, which in turn reflected a decline of 5,554 (−8.0%) from the 69,824 counted in the 2000 census. The city was the state's 17th most populous municipality in 2020, after having been ranked 20th in 2010 and 14th statewide in 2000. The Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program calculated a population of 69,556 for 2023, making it the 544th-most populous municipality in the nation.
San Ildefonso Peninsula
San Ildefonso Peninsula is a peninsula in Central Luzon, central part of Luzon island, Philippines. It is attached to the mainland through a 3.5 mile wide strip of land. Cape San Ildefonso can be found south of the peninsula.

The peninsula is entirely under the jurisdiction of the municipality of Casiguran, Aurora. The southern half of the peninsula is under Barangay San Ildefonso, the northern tip is under Barangay Culat, while the remainder belongs to Barangay Cozo. The peninsula is border by water on 2 sides, to the west is the Casiguran Sound, and to the east is the Philippine Sea.

Central Luzon
Central Luzon (Tagalog: Gitnang Luzon; Kapampangan: Kalibudtarang Luzon; Sambal: Botlay a Luzon; Pangasinan: Pegley a Luzon; Ilocano: Tengnga a Luzon), designated as Region III, is an administrative region in the Philippines. The region comprises seven provinces: Aurora, Bataan, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga (with its capital, City of San Fernando serving as the regional center), Tarlac, and Zambales; and two highly urbanized cities, Angeles and Olongapo. San Jose del Monte is the most populous city in the region. The region contains the largest plain in the country and produces most of the country's rice supply, earning itself the nickname "Rice Granary of the Philippines". It is also the region to have the most number of provinces.
RBS 23
The RBS 23, designated BAMSE (Bofors Advanced Missile System Evaluation), is a Swedish medium range, all-weather capable air defense system developed by Bofors and Ericsson Microwave Systems (now both in the Saab group). BAMSE is designed for protection of military facilities, ground forces and high value infrastructures. It is intended to operate against very small and fast targets such as attack missiles, anti-radiation missiles, UAVs and cruise missiles. It can also engage high altitude flying targets. On their web site, Saab mention ground coverage of more than 1,500 km², altitude coverage of 15,000 m and range out to 20 km.

Saab Surveillance
Saab Microwave systems is a Swedish company which was founded in 1956 as Ericsson Microwave Systems. The business was acquired by Saab and renamed in 2006. The main market for the company is in the sensor and electronic warfare field.

Its most important markets today are Europe, South Africa, Australia and the US. Saab has around 12,500 employees. Annual sales amount to around SEK 24 billion, of which research and development account for about 20 per cent of sales.

To adapt to the new conditions in the industry defence industry, Saab has divided operations since 1 January 2010 into five business areas:

Aeronautics

Dynamics

Electronic Defence Systems

Security and Defence Solutions

Support and Services
Osseo meteorite
Osseo is an iron meteorite found in 1931 by Mr. Frank Johnston about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Osseo, Ontario. It was about 30 centimetres (12 in) long. No fireball was observed and there was no evidence that it was a recent fall.

Iron meteorite
Iron meteorites, also called siderites or ferrous meteorites, are a type of meteorite that consist overwhelmingly of an iron–nickel alloy known as meteoric iron that usually consists of two mineral phases: kamacite and taenite. Most iron meteorites originate from cores of planetesimals, with the exception of the IIE iron meteorite group.

The iron found in iron meteorites was one of the earliest sources of usable iron available to humans, due to the malleability and ductility of the meteoric iron, before the development of smelting that signaled the beginning of the Iron Age.
Steve Pugh
Steve Pugh (/pjuː/ PEW; born 24 March 1966) is a British comic book artist who has worked for American and British comic producers including DC, Marvel, Dark Horse and 2000 AD.

He broke into the industry in the early 1990s working on Hellblazer at DC's Vertigo studio. He is known for doing both pencil art and inking on issues. He has worked on both sides of the Atlantic and has worked for all of the major studios on a variety of titles including Blade, Doctor Strange, JLA, and X-Men.

While at Marvel, he contributed to issue #8 of Star Trek Unlimited, "The Boy, The Warrior, and The Veteran" doing all of the art for the story "The Boy".

Christopher Hinz
Christopher Hinz (born March 10, 1951) is an American writer best known for the Paratwa science fiction trilogy. Hinz has also written comic books for DC Comics and Marvel Comics. He won the Compton Crook Award in 1988 for his novel Liege-Killer, the first book in his "Paratwa Trilogy".

As a comic books writer, Hinz created the nine-issue comic book series titled Gemini Blood, published under the Helix imprint of DC Comics. With illustrations from Tommy Lee Edwards, the comics deal with the same themes and with similar characters as the Paratwa Trilogy; it ran from 1996 to 1997. He also co-created and wrote the Dead Corps four-issue limited series for Helix, and a ten-issue story arc for Marvel's Blade which comprised Volume 2 of the series.
David Jemmali
David Jemmali (born 13 December 1974) is a Tunisian former professional footballer who played as a defender. He spent most of his career at FC Girondins de Bordeaux.

In his time at Bordeaux, he won Ligue 1 in the 1998–99 season and the Coupe de la Ligue in 2002 and 2007.

Hoping for a selection to the France national team, he turned down several opportunities to represent Tunisia, country of his origins. However, when the 2006 World Cup was approaching, Jemmali accepted to join Tunisia and made his debut for the "Eagles of Carthage" on 1 March 2006 against Serbia and Montenegro. He was subsequently called up to the 2006 World Cup. Jemmali started Tunisia's first game of the 2006 World Cup against Saudi Arabia but did not appear in the other two group matches.

Coupe de la Ligue
The Coupe de la Ligue (French pronunciation: [kup də la liɡ]), known outside France as the French League Cup, was a knockout cup competition in French football organized by the Ligue de Football Professionnel. The tournament was established in 1993 and, unlike the Coupe de France, was only open to professional clubs in France which play in country's top three football divisions, though the third is not fully professional.

The most successful team in the competition was Paris Saint-Germain with nine wins, including the last edition in 2019–20. The LFP voted to suspend the competition indefinitely to "reduce the season schedule".
Adrielle Camuel
Adrielle C. Camuel (born May 26, 1972) is an American politician from Kentucky. She is a Democrat and represents District 93 in the state house. Camuel represents southern Lexington and works as a support professional in Fayette County schools. She received a bachelor's and master's degree from the University of Louisville.

Kentucky House of Representatives
The Kentucky House of Representatives is the lower house of the Kentucky General Assembly. It is composed of 100 Representatives elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth. Not more than two counties can be joined to form a House district, except when necessary to preserve the principle of equal representation. Representatives are elected to two-year terms with no term limits. The Kentucky House of Representatives convenes at the State Capitol in Frankfort.
Gary Alexander (politician)
Gary C. Alexander is an American politician of the Republican Party. He served as a member of the Washington House of Representatives, representing the 2nd district and, as of 2013, is the interim Auditor of Thurston County.

Washington's 2nd legislative district
Washington's 2nd legislative district is one of forty-nine districts in Washington state for representation in the state legislature. The district runs mostly east-west along the southern extreme of Pierce County but also includes part of Thurston County, including Yelm and Lacey.

The largely rural district is represented by state senator Jim McCune and state representatives Andrew Barkis (position 1) and Matt Marshall (position 2), all Republicans.