hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Am Fraoch Eilean
Am Fraoch Eilean is an uninhabited island in the Sound of Jura, in the council area of Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It is 1 mile (2 kilometres) from Ardfin on Jura. Brosdale Island is located to the east. The name is Scottish Gaelic and means "the heather isle" and was formerly called "Ellan Charne". The ruins of Claig Castle are on Am Fraoch Eilean.

Sound of Jura
The Sound of Jura (Scottish Gaelic: An Linne Rosach) is a Sound in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It is one of the several Sounds of Scotland. It is to the east of the island of Jura and the west of Knapdale, in the north of the Kintyre Peninsula,  of the Scottish mainland. Lochs that lead to the sound include Loch Sween, and Loch Killisport (Caolisport (Scottish Gaelic)). It is not to be confused with the Sound of Islay, which lies between Jura and Islay. Most of Jura's small population lives on the east coast, overlooking the sound.

The north end is particularly treacherous, being filled with skerries, small islands, strong tidal currents and whirlpools.

The south end, in contrast, is much wider and more open; most of the small islands and reefs are close to shore. The ferries to Colonsay and Islay from the mainland skirt the southern end of the sound.
AMI Insurance
AMI Insurance began in Christchurch, New Zealand, in 1926 as the South Island Motor Union (SIMU), and grew to be the second biggest residential insurer in New Zealand. It was a mutual insurance company, meaning it was owned by its policy holders, until it was bought out by IAG New Zealand in 2011, following the 2011 Christchurch earthquake.

Mutual insurance
A mutual insurance company is an insurance company owned entirely by its policyholders. It is a form of consumers' co-operative. Any profits earned by a mutual insurance company are either retained within the company or rebated to policyholders in the form of dividend distributions or reduced future premiums. In contrast, a stock insurance company is owned by investors who have purchased company stock; any profits generated by a stock insurance company are distributed to the investors without necessarily benefiting the policyholders.
Mikkaichi Domain
Mikkaichi Domain (三日市藩, Mikkaichi-han) was a fudai feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan.   It is located in Echigo Province, Honshū. The domain was centered at Mikkaichi Jin'ya, located in what is now part of the city of Shibata in Niigata Prefecture. The Shibata City Nanaha Middle School now occupies the site.

Kazoku
The Kazoku (華族, "Magnificent/Exalted lineage"; IPA: [ka̠zo̞kɯ̟]) was the hereditary peerage of the Empire of Japan, which existed between 1869 and 1947. It was formed by merging the feudal lords (daimyō) and court nobles (kuge) into one system modelled after the British peerage. Distinguished military officers, politicians, and scholars were occasionally ennobled as (新華族, shin kazoku, 'the newly ennobled'), until the country's defeat in the Second World War in 1945. The system was abolished with the 1947 constitution, which prohibited any form of aristocracy under it, but kazoku descendants still form the core of the traditional upper class in the country's society, distinct from the nouveau riche.

Kazoku (華族) should not be confused with kazoku (家族), which is pronounced the same in Japanese, but written with a different first character, meaning "immediate family" (as in the film Kazoku above).
Containerization (computing)
In software engineering, containerization is operating-system-level virtualization or application-level virtualization over multiple resources so that software applications can run in isolated user spaces called containers in any cloud or non-cloud environment, regardless of type or vendor. The term "container" has different meanings in different contexts, and it is important to ensure that the intended definition aligns with the audience's understanding.

Application virtualization
Application virtualization is a software technology that encapsulates computer programs from the underlying operating system on which they are executed. A fully virtualized application is not installed in the traditional sense, although it is still executed as if it were. The application behaves at runtime like it is directly interfacing with the original operating system and all the resources managed by it, but can be isolated or sandboxed to varying degrees.

In this context, the term "virtualization" refers to the artifact being encapsulated (application), which is quite different from its meaning in hardware virtualization, where it refers to the artifact being abstracted (physical hardware).
Immigration law
Immigration law includes the national statutes, regulations, and legal precedents governing immigration into and deportation from a country. Strictly speaking, it is distinct from other matters such as naturalization and citizenship, although they are sometimes conflated.  Countries frequently maintain laws that regulate both the rights of entry and exit as well as internal rights, such as the duration of stay, freedom of movement, and the right to participate in commerce or government.

Primary and secondary legislation
Primary legislation and secondary legislation (the latter also called delegated legislation or subordinate legislation) are two forms of law, created respectively by the legislative and executive branches of governments in representative democracies. Primary legislation generally consists of statutes, also known as "acts", that set out broad  principles and rules, but may delegate specific authority to an executive branch to make more specific laws under the aegis of the principal act. The executive branch can then issue secondary legislation (often by order-in-council in parliamentary systems, or by regulatory agencies in presidential systems), creating legally enforceable regulations and the procedures for implementing them.
Daniel Short
Daniel B. Short (born July 11, 1961) is an American politician. He is a Republican member of the Delaware House of Representatives, representing District 39. He was elected in 2006 to replace retiring Republican Tina Fallon in the House, after having lost a race for the Delaware Senate in the previous election. He served as the House Minority Leader between 2013-2023, and was previously the minority whip. He also served as a city council member and mayor of Seaford, Delaware. He earned an associate degree from the University of Delaware.

Seaford, Delaware
Seaford is a city located along the Nanticoke River in Sussex County, Delaware, United States. As of the 2020 census, Seaford had a population of 7,957. It is part of the Seaford, Delaware, Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is the largest city fully within Sussex County.
R. Prasad
R. Prasad (born 17 March 1966) is an Indian cartoonist associated with Delhi-based Mail Today daily. Since Mail Today is a joint venture between India Today group and Daily Mail, Prasad's works appear in these publications.

R Prasad was born on 17 March 1966 at Pala, Kottayam in the southern Indian state of Kerala in a Hindu Nair family. He currently lives in Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi. Prasad's cartoons usually get widely circulated in India for their political insight, humour and irony.

In 2010, Prasad's cartoon, published in Mail Today, likening Australian police to Ku Klux Klan drew condemnation across Australia from police and political leaders.

Mail Today
Mail Today is an Indian news outlet currently publishing an e-paper and news website from Delhi, covering politics, entertainment, cinema, automobiles, fashion and lifestyle. It was established in November 2007. Its predecessor was the Today newspaper run by the India Today Group. The paper version was shut down during the Covid-19 lockdown in August 2020. Mail Today secured a spot on Delhi Magazine's list of the top 15 most readable newspapers in Delhi for 2024. Mail Today is published by the India Today Group in a joint venture with British newspaper Daily Mail (which is part of the Associated Newspapers Group). Associated Newspapers held a 26% stake in the paper, which it had bought at ₹180 million.
Bewdley Bridge
Bewdley Bridge is a three-span masonry arch bridge over the River Severn at Bewdley, Worcestershire, designed by civil engineer Thomas Telford. The two side spans are each 52 feet (16 m), with the central span 60 feet (18 m). The central arch rises 18 feet (5.5 m). Smaller flood arches on the bank bridge the towpath. The bridge is 27 feet (8.2 m) wide.

Flood arch
A flood arch is a small supplemental arch bridge provided alongside a main bridge. It provides extra capacity for floodwater.

The space beneath a flood arch is normally dry and often carries a towpath or similar. In some cases it borders on the shallow edge of a river, but this does not carry substantial flow in normal conditions. A bridge with multiple arches across a flowing river would instead be termed a viaduct.

For some bridges, flood arches were added after the first bridge had been constructed, often after initial flooding.
Via Nomentana
The Via Nomentana was an ancient Roman road in Italy, leading North-East from Rome to Nomentum (modern Mentana), a distance of 23 km (14 mi). It originally bore the name "Via Ficulensis", from the old Latin village of Ficulea, about 13 km (8.1 mi) from Rome. It was subsequently extended to Nomentum, but never became an important high road, and merged in the Via Salaria a few kilometers beyond Nomentum. It is followed as far as Nomentum by the modern state road, but some traces of its pavement still exist.

The road started at the Porta Collina in the Servian Walls until the third century, when emperor Aurelian built the Porta Nomentana in his new set of walls.

Roman bridge
The ancient Romans were the first civilization to build large, permanent bridges. Early Roman bridges used techniques introduced by Etruscan immigrants, but the Romans improved those skills, developing and enhancing methods such as arches and keystones. There were three major types of Roman bridge: wooden, pontoon, and stone. Early Roman bridges were wooden, but by the 2nd century BC stone was being used. Stone bridges used the arch as their basic structure, and most used concrete, the first use of this material in bridge-building.
Ihrhove–Nieuweschans railway
The Ihrhove–Nieuweschans railway is an international railway line running from Ihrhove near Leer in Germany to Bad Nieuweschans in the Netherlands. The line was opened in 1876. Ihrhove is situated on the north-south Emsland Railway, between Papenburg and Leer. At Bad Nieuweschans, a connection with the Dutch railway network is provided through the Harlingen–Nieuweschans railway, which passes through Groningen. On 3 December 2015, the bridge over the Ems was destroyed by a ship colliding with it. The line between Ihrhove, Weener and Bad Nieuweschans is expected to be closed until 2024. A bus replacement service operated between Bad Nieuweschans and Leer following the accident.  The line between Bad Nieuweschans and Weener reopened on 5 July 2016, with a bus replacement service in operation between Weener and Leer.

Leer, Lower Saxony
Leer (German pronunciation: [leːɐ̯] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Leer in the region of East Frisia, in the northwestern part of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the river Leda, a tributary of the river Ems, near the border with the Netherlands. With 34,958 inhabitants (2021), it is the third-largest city in East Frisia after Emden and Aurich.

It has a railway and autobahn connection to Groningen, Netherlands, Emden, Bremen and the South (Rheine and the Ruhr industrial region).
Pelican Bay
Pelican Bay is the name of several places in the United States:

Pelican Bay, Florida

Pelican Bay, Texas

Pelican Bay, a bay in Anguilla

Pelican Bay, a bay in North Myrtle Beach, South Carolina

Pelican Bay State Prison, a supermax prison in California

Pelican Bay State Prison
Pelican Bay State Prison (PBSP) is a supermax prison in Crescent City, California. The 275-acre (111-hectare) prison takes its name from a shallow bay on the Pacific coast, about two miles (three kilometers) to the west.
Civil parishes in Cambridgeshire
A civil parish is a country subdivision, forming the lowest unit of local government in England. There are 264 civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Cambridgeshire, most of the county being parished; Cambridge is completely unparished; Fenland, East Cambridgeshire, South Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire are entirely parished.  At the 2001 census, there were 497,820 people living in the parishes, accounting for 70.2 per cent of the county's population.

Ceremonial counties of England
Ceremonial counties, formally known as counties for the purposes of the lieutenancies, are areas of England to which lord-lieutenants are appointed.  A lord-lieutenant is the monarch's representative in an area.

Shrieval counties have the same boundaries and serve a similar purpose, being the areas to which high sheriffs are appointed. High sheriffs are the monarch's judicial representative in an area.

The ceremonial counties are defined in the Lieutenancies Act 1997, and the shrieval counties in the Sheriffs Act 1887. Both are defined as groups of counties used for local government.
Ouragahio
Ouragahio is a town in south-central Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture and commune of Gagnoa Department in Gôh Region, Gôh-Djiboua District.

Ivory Coast international footballers Wilfried Singo, Serge Aurier, Franck Kessié, Siriki Dembélé and David Datro Fofana were born in Ouragahio.

In 2014, the population of people in the sub-prefecture of Ouragahio was 36,364.

Gôh
Gôh Region is one of the 31 regions of Ivory Coast. Since its establishment in 2011, it has been one of two regions in Gôh-Djiboua District. The region's seat is Gagnoa and its area is 7327 km². At the 2021 census, the region had a population of 985,282.
Anthony Gueterbock, 18th Baron Berkeley
Anthony Fitzhardinge Gueterbock, 18th Baron Berkeley, Baron Gueterbock, OBE (born 20 September 1939), otherwise known as Tony Berkeley, is a British aristocrat and Labour parliamentarian.

Holder of an ancient English hereditary peerage title created in 1421, Lord Berkeley sits in the House of Lords by virtue of being created a life peer in 2000.

Aristocracy (class)
The aristocracy (from Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía, "rule of the best"; Latin: aristocratia) is historically associated with a "hereditary" or a "ruling" social class. In many states, the aristocracy included the upper class with hereditary rank and titles. They are usually below only the monarch of a country or nation in its social hierarchy.
Frobenius category
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a Frobenius category is an exact category with enough projectives and enough injectives, where the classes of projectives and injectives coincide. It is an analog of a Frobenius algebra.

Exact category
In mathematics, specifically in category theory, an exact category is a category equipped with short exact sequences.  The concept is due to Daniel Quillen and is designed to encapsulate the properties of short exact sequences in abelian categories without requiring that morphisms actually possess kernels and cokernels, which is necessary for the usual definition of such a sequence.
2016 Scheldeprijs
The 2016 Scheldeprijs is a one-day semi-classic cycling race that took place in Belgium on 6 April 2016. The race began in Antwerp and finished in Schoten, covering a course of 207.8 kilometres (129.1 mi). It is rated as a 1.HC event as part of the 2016 UCI Europe Tour.

Unlike other spring classics such as Paris–Roubaix and the Tour of Flanders, the Scheldeprijs is suited particularly for the sprinters, such as the defending champion, Alexander Kristoff (Team Katusha). Marcel Kittel (Etixx–Quick-Step) and Mark Cavendish (Team Dimension Data) had both won the race three times. The finish was changed from previous years, with two extra corners added in the race finale in an attempt to improve safety. The route was flat throughout and finished with three laps of a circuit in Schoten.

The race was won by Kittel in a sprint finish, with Cavendish second and André Greipel (Lotto–Soudal) third.

Katusha–Alpecin
Katusha–Alpecin (Russian: Катюша, UCI team code: TKA) was a Russian (later Swiss) road bicycle racing team which competed at the UCI WorldTeam level using Canyon bikes. The team was created in 2008 by Igor Makarov, an ex-professional cyclist and entrepreneur. In 2017 the team took a broader international direction, still supported by Igor Makarov's company ARETI International Group, Swiss clothing company Katusha Sports and German shampoo manufacturer Alpecin. The team competed as a UCI ProTeam/WorldTour team between 2009 and 2019. Joaquim Rodríguez, Alexander Kristoff, Daniel Moreno, Simon Špilak, Filippo Pozzato, Luca Paolini, Ilnur Zakarin and Tony Martin are some of the most successful riders who rode for Katusha.

In 2019, the team was taken over by Israel Cycling Academy, along with its UCI World Tour license.
Neil Hames
Neil Gregory Hames (born 7 December 1949) is a former English cricketer.  Hames was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.

Hames was born in Hampstead, London. He made his debut for Buckinghamshire in the 1977 Minor Counties Championship against Oxfordshire.  Hames played Minor counties cricket for Buckinghamshire from 1977 to 1993, which included 110 Minor Counties Championship matches and 20 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 1984, he made his List A debut against Lancashire in the NatWest Trophy.  He played 6 further List A matches for Buckinghamshire, the last of which came against Somerset in the 1991 NatWest Trophy. In his 7 List A matches, he scored 44 runs at a batting average of 6.28, with a high score of 12.

His son Greg Hames has also played for Buckinghamshire.

1991 NatWest Trophy
The 1991 NatWest Trophy was a limited-overs English county cricket tournament, held between 26 June and 7 September 1991.  The competition was won by Hampshire who beat Surrey by 4 wickets in the final at Lord's.
Trauma and first responders
Trauma in first responders refers to the psychological trauma experienced by first responders, such as police officers, firefighters, and paramedics, often as a result of events experienced in their line of work. The nature of a first responder's occupation continuously puts them in harm's way and regularly exposes them to traumatic situations, such as people who have been harmed, injured, or killed.

These occupations subject individuals to a great deal of traumatic events, resulting in a higher risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder (PD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Exposure to multiple traumatic stressors could also exacerbate other pre-existing conditions. The presence of any mental health disorders in these individuals can also be associated with diminished ability to work efficiently, early retirement, substance abuse, and suicide.

Prolonged exposure therapy
Prolonged exposure therapy (PE) is a form of behavior therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy designed to treat post-traumatic stress disorder. It is characterized by two main treatment procedures – imaginal and in vivo exposures. Imaginal exposure is repeated 'on-purpose' retelling of the trauma memory. In vivo exposure is gradually confronting situations, places, and things that are reminders of the trauma or feel dangerous (despite being objectively safe). Additional procedures include processing of the trauma memory and breathing retraining.
Spayd Island
Spayd Island (70°33′S 72°7′E﻿ / ﻿70.550°S 72.117°E﻿ / -70.550; 72.117) is an ice-covered island with prominent rock exposures 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) long, lying at the southeast side of Gillock Island on the east margin of Amery Ice Shelf Delineated in 1952 by John H. Roscoe from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and named by him for A.W. Spayd, air crewman on Operation Highjump photographic flights in this and other coastal areas between 14 and 164 East longitude.

John H. Roscoe
John Hobart Roscoe (March 23, 1919 - February 23, 2007) was an American geographer, intelligence officer and aerospace engineer. He is best known for his work with Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill, for which there was a glacier named after him.
Sajjad Mardani
Sajjad Mardani (Persian: سجاد مردانی, born 1 July 1988 in Shahrekord, Iran) is an Iranian taekwondo practitioner, he won the silver medal in the men's heavyweight class at the 2013 World Taekwondo Championships held in Puebla, Mexico.

Sajjad Mardani has also been on the world's top 5 (+ 80 kg) taekwondo weights since 2013, always and annually.

Shahr-e Kord
Shahr-e Kord (Persian: شهركرد) is a city in the Central District of Shahrekord County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is the largest city in the province, and is 90 km away from Iran's third largest city, Isfahan.
Stefan Tait
Stefan Tait (born 14 March 1996) is a South African cricketer. He made his List A debut for South Western Districts in the 2018–19 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge on 28 October 2018. He made his first-class debut for South Western Districts in the 2018–19 CSA 3-Day Provincial Cup on 1 November 2018. He was the leading wicket-taker for South Western Districts in the 2018–19 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge, with 16 dismissals in nine matches.

In April 2021, Tait was named in the South Africa Emerging Men's squad for their six-match tour of Namibia. He made his Twenty20 debut on 12 February 2022, for Warriors in the 2021–22 CSA T20 Challenge.

Warriors (cricket team)
The Warriors are a Division 1 cricket team representing the Eastern Cape in South African domestic competitions. The Warriors take part in the CSA 4-Day Series first-class competition, the Momentum One-Day Cup and CSA T20 Challenge. The team's home venue is St George's Park in Port Elizabeth, as well as Buffalo Park in East London.
History of libraries in West Virginia
Libraries have been in West Virginia for much of its history as a state. Starting with subscription libraries, the early 19th century saw the beginning of libraries formed in many of the large towns. Three Carnegie libraries were built in the state at the beginning of the 20th century.

With the pressure of the West Virginia Library Association, the state established the West Virginia Library Commission in 1929, which would, starting in the 1950s, facilitate the growth of public libraries in the state. As of 2009, West Virginia's public library system consisted of 97 library systems serving citizens from 175 physical facilities and seven bookmobiles.

Subscription library
A subscription library (or membership library) is a library that is financed by private funds either from membership fees or endowments. Historically, they are predecessors to the public library as it is known today. Unlike a public library, access is often restricted to members, but access rights can also be given to non-members, such as students. Through time, different library types have been grouped under this term, but may represent the following library models. A library formed as a joint stock company can be called a proprietary model. Some libraries allowed individuals who were not stock holders to subscribe for given time periods, and were thusly labeled subscription libraries. Athenaeums were similar to social libraries and provided the additional benefit of scholarly publications and cultural programming. The term mechanics or mercantile library refers to institutions established, often by benefactors, for the benefit of the working class.