hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2012 Pulitzer Prize
The 2012 Pulitzer Prizes were awarded on April 16, 2012, by the Pulitzer Prize Board for work during the 2011 calendar year. The deadline for submitting entries was January 25, 2012. For the first time, all entries for journalism were required to be submitted electronically. In addition, the criteria for the Pulitzer Prize for Local Reporting  has been revised to focus on real-time reporting of breaking news. For the eleventh time in Pulitzer's history (and the first since 1977), no book received the Fiction Prize.

Pulitzer Prize for Local Reporting
The Pulitzer Prize for Local Reporting is awarded to an example of "significant issues of local or statewide concern, demonstrating originality and community connection". This Pulitzer Prize was first awarded in 1948. Like most Pulitzers the winner receives a $15,000 award.
Henry Williamson Lugard
Lieutenant Colonel Henry Williamson Lugard (10 July 1813 – 30 November 1857) was a military engineer of the Corps of Royal Engineers.: 25  He served as architect and engineer in the construction of military, convict and public works in the Colony of New South Wales and Norfolk Island (1835–1840 & 1842–1844), military works in New Zealand (1840–1842) and Ireland (1844–1857), and as Commanding Royal Engineer for the China Expedition of 1857, based in Hong Kong.: 5

80th Regiment of Foot (Staffordshire Volunteers)
The 80th Regiment of Foot (Staffordshire Volunteers) was an infantry regiment of the British Army, raised in 1793. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 38th (1st Staffordshire) Regiment of Foot to form the South Staffordshire Regiment in 1881.
Joan Moss
Joan Moss (born 1931) is an American  photographer. Moss was born in Toronto, Canada.

Moss began her career in photography in 1973, without any photographic training, by building a darkroom in her home. After a year of shooting with standard film, Moss began using infrared film to create the visual look she would become known for.

Her work is included in the collections of the National Gallery of Canada, the Museum of Contemporary Photography the Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago and the Museum of Fine Arts Houston.

Museum of Fine Arts, Houston
The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston (MFAH), is an art museum located in the Houston Museum District of Houston, Texas. The permanent collection of the museum spans more than 5,000 years of history with nearly 80,000 works from six continents. By gallery space, it is the second-largest art museum in the Americas. Following an eight-year campus redevelopment project in the 21st century, the Nancy and Rich Kinder Building opened in 2020.  In 2023, the museum received over 900,000 visitors, making it the 20th most-visited museum in the United States.
Harry E. Clark
Harry E. "Hek" Clark was an American college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at his alma mater, Sewanee: The University of the South in Sewanee, Tennessee, from 1931 to 1939.

Sewanee: The University of the South
The University of the South, familiarly known as Sewanee (/səˈwɑːni/), is a private Episcopal liberal arts college in Sewanee, Tennessee, United States. It is owned by 28 southern dioceses of the Episcopal Church, and its School of Theology is an official seminary of the church. The campus (officially called "The Domain" or, affectionately, "The Mountain") consists of 13,000 acres (53 km2) of scenic mountain property atop the Cumberland Plateau, with the developed portion occupying about 1,000 acres (4.0 km2).
138th Fighter Wing
The 138th Fighter Wing is a unit of the Oklahoma Air National Guard, stationed at the Tulsa Air National Guard Base at Tulsa International Airport in Tulsa, Oklahoma. If activated to federal service as a United States Air Force unit, the wing is gained by the Air Combat Command.

Air National Guard
The Air National Guard (ANG), also known as the Air Guard, is a federal military reserve force of the United States Air Force (USAF), as well as the "air militia" of each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the territories of Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands. It, along with the Army National Guard component of each state, district, commonwealth or territory, makes up the National Guard of each region as applicable. Additionally, the ANG and the United States Air Force Reserve constitute the two air reserve components of the USAF.

When Air National Guard units are used under the jurisdiction of the state governor they are fulfilling their militia role. However, when federalized by order of the president of the United States, ANG units become an active part of the U.S. Air Force. They are jointly administered by the states and the National Guard Bureau, a joint bureau of the Army and Air Force that oversees the U.S. National Guard.
Paris Viswanathan
Velu Viswanathan, popularly known as Paris Viswanathan (born 1 January 1940)  is an Indian painter, sculptor and filmmaker. He is considered by many as one of the prominent modern painters in India.  He is a recipient of the Best Documentary Film Award of the  Festival dei Popoli, Florence and the K. C. S. Paniker Award of the Kerala Lalithakala

Biennale de Paris
The Biennale de Paris (English: Paris Biennale) was a noted French art festival, established in 1959. In 1983, the organization ceased functions, until its reestablishment in 2000 with the first exhibition of the new era occurring in 2004. The organization ran the festival until 2021, when the organization announced it would "“turn the page of the Biennale, in order to set up a new event," focusing instead on luxury crafts.

The Biennale's mission is to promote art and artists which challenge current conventions in the art world.

The Biennale de Paris rejects exhibitions and art objects. It refuses to be "thought by art". It identifies and defends true alternatives. It calls for "non-standard practices".
Unity for Democracy and Justice
The Unity for Democracy and Justice was an Ethiopian political party. It was founded by Birtukan Midekssa on 20 June 2008, based on the parties that constituted the Coalition for Unity and Democracy. It was a major component in the eight-party Medrek coalition, the largest opposition coalition in the 2010 election. In May 2019, the party merged with the Ethiopian Citizens for Social Justice, bringing an end to the party.

Coalition for Unity and Democracy
The Coalition for Unity and Democracy (Ge'ez : ቅንጅት ለአንድነት እና ዴሞክራሲ), commonly referred to by its English abbreviation CUD, or occasionally CDU (its Amharic abbreviation, used in Ethiopia, is Qinijit; in English writing often referred to as Kinijit), was a coalition of four existing political parties of Ethiopia which combined to compete for seats in the Ethiopian General Elections held on May 15, 2005, and around the end of that year, became a full-fledged political party (the Coalition for Unity and Democracy Party). Its leader was Hailu Shawul and the political party was dissolved in 2007.
Acanthurus tristis
Acanthurus tristis, the Indian Ocean mimic surgeonfish, blackcheek surgeonfish or yellowspot surgeonfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae which includes the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs. This species is found in the eastern Indian Ocean.

Acanthuridae
The Acanthuridae are a family of ray-finned fish which includes surgeonfishes, tangs, and unicornfishes. The family includes about 86 extant species of marine fishes living in tropical seas, usually around coral reefs. Many of the species are brightly colored and popular in aquaria.
Edward Jefferys
Edward Jefferys (7 February 1936 – 27 September 1998) was a South African sprinter. He competed in the men's 100 metres, men's 200 metres and men's 4 x 400 metres relay at the 1960 Summer Olympics. Jeffery finished sixth in the 220 yards and was eliminated in the semi-finals of the 100 yards at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games.

Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's 200 metres
The men's 200 metres was held on 2 September and 3 September as part of the athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics, which were held in Rome. 74 athletes from 54 nations entered, but only 62 athletes from 47 nations ultimately competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by 0.1 seconds by Livio Berruti of Italy, the first victory in the event by a nation outside of North America and snapping a five-Games winning streak (and two-Games medal sweep streak) by the United States. The Americans finished with a silver medal, by Lester Carney, to extend their medal streak to six Games. Abdoulaye Seye of France took bronze. Berruti's gold and Seye's bronze were the first medal for their nations in the men's 200 metres.
Inga Kvalbukt
Inga Kvalbukt (born 19 May 1949 in Alstahaug Municipality) is a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party.

She was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Nordland in 1993, but was not re-elected in 1997. She had previously served in the position of deputy representative during the terms 1985–1989, 1989–1993 and 1997–2001. From 1999 to 2000, however, she met as a regular representative meanwhile Odd Roger Enoksen was appointed to the first cabinet Bondevik.

Kvalbukt was a member of the municipal council of Hemnes Municipality from 1979 to 1991.

Hemnes Municipality
Hemnes is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Helgeland traditional region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Korgen. Other villages include Bjerka, Bleikvasslia, Finneidfjord, Hemnesberget, and Sund.

The municipality sits south of the Ranfjorden and stretches south and east toward the border with Sweden. The Nordland Line and European route E6 cross Hemnes on their way to the town of Mo i Rana about 20 kilometres (12 mi) to the northeast. The E6 highway enters Hemnes from the west through the Korgfjell Tunnel from Vefsn Municipality.

The 1,590-square-kilometre (610 sq mi) municipality is the 49th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Hemnes Municipality is the 194th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 4,485. The municipality's population density is 2.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (7.3/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 1.5% over the previous 10-year period.
Prince George station
Prince George station is a railway station in Prince George, British Columbia. It is on the Canadian National Railway mainline. Via Rail's Jasper–Prince Rupert train service overnights at this station between Prince Rupert and Jasper.

Jasper–Prince Rupert train
The Jasper–Prince Rupert train (formerly the Skeena and Panorama, now known as Trains 5/6, sometimes called The Rupert Rocket) is a Canadian passenger train service operated by Via Rail between Jasper, Alberta, Prince George and Prince Rupert in British Columbia.
Alfred Hensel
Alfred Hensel (8 March 1880 – 15 September 1969) was a German architect and director of the Nuremberg parks department. He won a gold medal for town planning in the art competitions at the 1928 Summer Olympics. He was awarded the medal for his work on the sports and leisure park on the eastern bank of Dutzendteich Lake in Nuremberg. At the time the arena - now the Max-Morlock-Stadion - was described as "the most beautiful stadium in the world".

Max-Morlock-Stadion
Max-Morlock-Stadion (German pronunciation: [maksˈmɔʁlɔkˌʃtaːdi̯ɔn] ⓘ) is a stadium in Nuremberg, Germany, which was opened in 1928. It is located next to Zeppelinfeld. It also neighbors the Nuremberg Arena.

Since 1966, it has been home stadium to the German 2. Bundesliga club 1. FC Nürnberg. During the 1972 Summer Olympics, it hosted six football matches. In 1967, it hosted the European Cup Winners' Cup final between Rangers and Bayern Munich. Bayern won 1–0.

The stadium hosted five games of the 2006 FIFA World Cup, including the famous match between Portugal and the Netherlands, consequently known as the Battle of Nuremberg.
Art Ellison
Arthur Wayland Ellison (1899–1994) was an actor and director who worked for the Kansas City Power and Light Company for forty-eight years before becoming a professional actor. Prior to that, he had appeared in scores of amateur stage productions in the Kansas City area. He was born in Potsdam, New York and he died in Kansas City, Missouri. Director Herk Harvey speculated that Art Ellison had acted in more industrial and educational films than any other actor in the US, including some directed by a young Robert Altman. He is best known for his part in the 1962 cult-classic horror film Carnival of Souls.

Potsdam, New York
Potsdam is a town in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The town population was 8,162 at the 2024 census. When the State University of New York at Potsdam and Clarkson University are in session, the population increases by approximately 8,000 students. The town is named after the city of Potsdam in Germany.

The town of Potsdam also contains a village named Potsdam.  Potsdam is centrally located within the county and northeast of Canton, the county seat.
Los Flamencos Sanctuary
Los Flamencos Sanctuary (Spanish: Santuario de Fauna y Flora Los Flamencos) has been a designated wildlife sanctuary since 1977. It is located in the Guajira Peninsula of Colombia's Caribbean Region. Its main attraction is the American flamingoes, and their nests that can reach 60 cm (2.0 ft) high.

The sanctuary is located between the fishing village of Camarones and the Tapias River, surrounded by estuaries and marshes including Manzanillo, Laguna Grande, Ciénaga del Navío Quebrado and Tocoromanes marshes.

Many other shore and water birds can be found in the sanctuary such as roseate spoonbills, great egrets, laughing gulls and many others.  The surrounding xerophytic scrub habitat is also home to many endemic birds such as buffy hummingbirds, white-whiskered spinetails, Tocuyo sparrows, and vermilion cardinals.

Laughing gull at sunset

Entrance sign

Buffy hummingbird
The buffy hummingbird (Leucippus fallax) is a species of bird in the hummingbird family Trochilidae. It is the only species placed in the genus Leucippus. This bird lives in dry forest and scrubland in northern South America where it feeds on insects and the nectar, flesh, and juice of cactus fruits.
Playing the Field (Mark Murphy album)
Playing the Field is a studio album by Mark Murphy.

Playing the Field is the fifth album by American jazz vocalist Mark Murphy and his third for Capitol Records. It was recorded in 1960, when Murphy was 28 years old, and released by the Capitol Records label in the United States in 1960. The album is a collection of pop tunes and standards performed with a jazz band.

I Didn't Know About You
"I Didn't Know About You" is a song composed by Duke Ellington, with lyrics written by Bob Russell. Recorded in 1944 with vocal by Joya Sherrill, it was based on an instrumental first recorded by Ellington in 1942 under the title "Sentimental Lady", featuring featuring Johnny Hodges on alto saxophone.

The 1942 instrumental reached number one on the Harlem Hit Parade in 1943 and was the B-side to Duke Ellington's previous number one, "A Slip Of the Lip (Can Sink a Ship)", which had reached the top spot a week before.

The recording by Count Basie & His Orchestra (vocal by Thelma Carpenter) briefly reached the No. 21 position on the Billboard charts in 1945 and other recordings available that year were by Duke Ellington, Mildred Bailey, Jo Stafford and Lena Horne.
So Cow
So Cow are an indie rock band from County Galway, Ireland. It was started as the recording project of Brian Kelly in 2005 in Seoul, South Korea. The group evolved into a three piece band with Jonny White on bass and Peter O'Shea on drums for 2014's The Long Con, released on Goner Records, as well as 2012's Out Of Season split album with Squarehead.

The band have appeared at Primavera Sound, SXSW & Castlepalooza. Their sound has been described by Pitchfork as "Like Television Personalities or The Clean at their most engaging, Kelly plays rickety guitar-pop that sounds homemade without feeling insular."
The group received media attention in 2009 in South Korea after naming a song after the popular South Korean actress and model Moon Geun-young.

Castlepalooza
Castlepalooza was an annual Irish independent music & Arts Festival, held at Charleville Castle in Tullamore, County Offaly. The festival began in 2005 and was held annually until 2018.

The 2006 festival was described by Hot Press as a "bite-sized Electric Picnic, held in the grounds of a 17th-century castle, with the added bonus of indoor toilets and showers". The festival was described by The Sunday Business Post as "The best little music festival in Ireland".

In February 2019, the festival's promoters announced that Castlepalooza would be taking a break, would not be running that year and were looking to alter their format. This haitus was further extended due to the COVID-19 pandemic which ruled out a return in 2020 and 2021, leading to the festival's demise.
Malina Joshi
Malina Joshi (Nepali: मलिना जोशी) (born 27 January 1989) is a Nepalese actress and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Nepal 2011.  She represented Nepal in Miss World 2011 which was held on 4 November 2011 in London. She was selected to perform Nepalese folk dance in the final day of the competition. She was also on the top-30 for Beauty with a Purpose title, a major award at Miss World.

Miss World
Miss World is the oldest existing international beauty pageant. It was created in the United Kingdom by Eric Morley in 1951. Since his death in 2000, Morley's widow, Julia Morley, has chaired the pageant. Along with Miss Universe, Miss International, and Miss Earth, it is one of the Big Four beauty pageants.

The current Miss World is Suchata Chuangsri of Thailand who was crowned on 31 May 2025 in Hyderabad, India.
Ngamatapouri
Ngamatapouri is a small rural locality in the Waitōtara River valley, 47 km north of Waitōtara village, in south Taranaki, New Zealand. Whanganui is about 80 km to the southeast. The road is sealed as far as the school.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "the black teals" for Ngāmatapōuri.

Community life centres on Ngamatapouri School. The area is predominantly reliant on sheep and beef pastoral farming.

Taranaki
Taranaki is a region in the west of New Zealand's North Island. It is named after its main geographical feature, the stratovolcano Mount Taranaki.

The main centre is the city of New Plymouth. The New Plymouth District is one of three in the region and is home to more than 65 per cent of the population of Taranaki. The Stratford District includes the main centres of Stratford, Midhirst, Toko and Whangamōmona. The South Taranaki District includes Hāwera, Manaia, Eltham, and Ōpunake.

Since 2005, Taranaki has used the promotional brand "Like no other".
Thomas Giles (pastoralist)
Tom Giles (1820-12 February 1899) was a business associate of George Anstey and developed pastoral leases on Eyre and Yorke Peninsulas during the 19th century.

He was the third of the 15 sons (and 6 daughters) of William Giles (1791-1862), Colonial Manager of the South Australian Company (1841-1860).

He is remembered by the Giles Corner, in South Australia, the junction of the Main North Road where the Barrier Highway branches off towards Riverton, Burra and Broken Hill.

Barrier Highway
Barrier Highway is a highway in South Australia and New South Wales, and is designated part of route A32. The name of the highway is derived from the Barrier Ranges, an area of moderately high ground in the far west of New South Wales, through which the highway traverses.
Showdown (game)
Showdown is a trivia and word game that tests players’ general and  popular culture knowledge, as well as their numerical skills and willingness to bluff and take a risk. It makes use of the Summit (puzzle) scoring system which awards higher scores for long answers containing letters towards the end of the alphabet.

Showdown is one of the first boxed games to integrate mobile telephone and text message technology, as players can text their answers to a Showdown number which calculates the value of their answers and replies within 10 seconds with their score. The game was created by Winning Moves in 2008.

Showdown has been described as "Trivial Pursuit meets Scrabble" by Peter Sterling, Puzzles Editor for the Press Association.

Scrabble
Scrabble is a word game in which two to four players score points by placing tiles, each bearing a single letter, onto a game board divided into a 15×15 grid of squares. The tiles must form words that, in crossword fashion, read left to right in rows or downward in columns and are included in a standard dictionary or lexicon.

American architect Alfred Mosher Butts invented the game in 1931. Scrabble is produced in the United States and Canada by Hasbro, under the brands of both of its subsidiaries, Milton Bradley and Parker Brothers. Mattel owns the rights to manufacture Scrabble outside the U.S. and Canada. As of 2008, the game is sold in 121 countries and is available in more than 30 languages; approximately 150 million sets have been sold worldwide, and roughly one-third of American homes and half of British homes have a Scrabble set. There are approximately 4,000 Scrabble clubs around the world.
Romina Vidal-Russell
Romina Vidal-Russell is an Argentinean botanist who works in the areas of phytogeography, phylogeny, and parasitic plants, and on which she has written extensively. Her papers on the phylogeny of parasitic plants are cited on the APG website, and elsewhere and her collaborations are international. She currently works at the National University of Comahue in Argentina. She earned a Ph.D.  at SIUC with Daniel L. Nickrent as supervisor.

(She has two botanist abbreviations in IPNI: one as a botanist, the other as a mycologist.)

The standard author abbreviation Vidal-Russ. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

The standard author abbreviation Vid.-Russ. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Daniel Lee Nickrent
Daniel Lee Nickrent is an American botanist, working in plant evolutionary biology, including the subdisciplines of genomics, phylogenetics, systematics, population genetics, and taxonomy.  A major focus has been parasitic flowering plants, particularly of the sandalwood order (Santalales). His interest in photographic documentation and photographic databases has led to several photographic databases including Parasitic Plant Connection, Phytoimages, Plant Checklist for the Rocky Mountain National Park, and Plant Checklist for the Crab Orchard National Wildlife Refuge.

Nickrent has over 9400 citations (as of 15 October 2019) according to Google Scholar. He is Research Faculty and Professor Emeritus of Plant Molecular Systematics and Evolution at Southern Illinois University Carbondale (SIUC) (As of July 2019).

The standard author abbreviation Nickrent is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Art of Time Ensemble
Art of Time Ensemble is a Toronto-based musical collective of leading Canadian musicians from the worlds of jazz and classical music.

Composed of classical, jazz and pop musicians, Art of Time Ensemble is known for exploring the intersection of classical music with other genres and the convergence of music with theatre, dance, literature and film.

Popular Art of Time programs include presentations of contemporary songs by Joni Mitchell, Paul Simon, Tom Waits, Nick Cave, Radiohead, Leonard Cohen and others reinvented by Canadian and British composers.

Madeleine Peyroux
Madeleine Peyroux (born April 19, 1974) is an American jazz singer and songwriter who began her career as a teenager on the streets of Paris. She sang vintage jazz and blues songs before finding mainstream success in 2004 when her album Careless Love sold half a million copies.