hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pawtucket Rangers
J. & P. Coats was an American soccer club founded in 1900 as the team of the Pawtucket, Rhode Island branch of the J. & P. Coats threadmaking company of Paisley, Scotland (following a 1952 merger this firm became part of the Coats Group).

The club played won the Rhode Island League in 1914 then was an inaugural member of the semi-pro Southern New England Soccer League. The club then joined the professional American Soccer League as an inaugural member.

After the first half of the 1928/29 season, the team ran into financial trouble and was bought by new management. The new owners renamed the team the Pawtucket Rangers.

The club left the original ASL sometime after the 1932 fall season and joined the New England Division of the new ASL that was formed in 1933/34.

The team won the Times Cup in 1919.

American Soccer League (1921–1933)
The American Soccer League, established on May 7, 1921 by a group of investors, was the first of four different professional soccer sports leagues in the United States to use the ASL name. It was formed by the merger of teams from the National Association Football League and the Southern New England Soccer League. For several years the ASL's popularity rivaled the popularity of the National Football League. Disputes with the United States Football Association and FIFA, as well as the onset of the Great Depression, led to the league's collapse in spring 1933.
1974 Australian Indoor Championships – Singles
Rod Laver was the defending singles champion at the Australian Indoor Tennis Championships but did not compete that year. First-seeded John Newcombe won in the final 6–4, 6–3, 6–4 against Cliff Richey. Richey threatened to quit the match after being called for a foot fault but eventually played on when the linesman was changed. The final was the best of 5 sets while all other rounds were the best of 3 sets.

Cliff Richey
George Clifford Richey Jr. (born December 31, 1946) is an American former amateur and professional tennis player who was active during the 1960s and 1970s. Richey achieved a highest singles ranking of World No. 6 and reached at least the quarterfinal stage of the singles event at all four Grand Slam tournaments.
Lomatium gormanii
Lomatium gormanii, with the common names Gorman's biscuitroot and salt & pepper, is a perennial herb of the family Apiaceae.
It is endemic to the Northwestern United States, in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington, being found in steppes and montane environments. It is called sasamít̓a, sasamít̓aya, and łałamít̓a in the Sahaptin language.

The species is only a few inches tall and flowers before many in the sagebrush steppe, sometimes when the ground is still covered in snow. Its condimental common name refers to the darkness of the dark violet anthers and the white petals. The leaves are divided and narrow.

Lomatium gormanii is easily confused with Lomatium piperi (Sahaptin mámɨn), but L. gormanii lacks stem leaves and the roots are generally larger and 'hairier' (i.e., many more rootlets) than L. piperi. L. gormanii is also more common and grows in places where L. piperi does not.

Sahaptin language
Sahaptin (suh-HAP-tin), also called Ichishkiin (ih-chis-KEEN; Umatilla: Čiškíin, Yakama: Ichishkíin Sɨ́nwit), is one of the two-language Sahaptian branch of the Plateau Penutian family spoken in a section of the northwestern plateau along the Columbia River and its tributaries in southern Washington, northern Oregon, and southwestern Idaho, in the United States; the other language is Nez Perce (Niimi'ipuutímt).

Sahaptin is spoken by various tribes of the Washington Reservations; Yakama, Warm Springs, Umatilla; and also spoken in many smaller communities such as Celilo, Oregon.

The Yakama Nation tribal cultural resources program has been promoting the use of their traditional name of the language, Ichishkíin Sɨ́nwit ('this language'), instead of the Salish-derived name Sahaptin.
Al Mualla
The Al Mualla (Arabic: المعلا) family is the ruling royal family of Umm Al Quwain, one of the seven emirates that together comprise the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

The family was traditionally at the head of the Al Ali tribe. The Al Ali (singular, Aliyi), were some 6,750 strong at the turn of the 19th century and were almost all settled either at Umm Al Quwain (1,000 families) or the inland town of Falaj Al Ali (later to be known as Falaj Al Mualla). Some 200 settled Al Ali families lived in Sharjah and 150 in Ras Al Khaimah, although there was also a small Bedouin section of some 140 families who roamed a dar between Jazirat Al Hamra and Falaj Al Ali. There was a Persian group of Al Ali, who referred to the Umm Al Quwain section as 'Al Mualla'. The tribe originated in Nejd.

Al Jazirah Al Hamra
Al Jazirah Al Hamra (Arabic: الجزيرة الحمراء, English: The Red Island) is a town to the south of the city of Ras Al Khaimah in the United Arab Emirates. It is known for its collection of abandoned houses and other buildings, including a mosque, which is widely believed locally to be haunted. The town was ruled by the Zaab tribe, which was rehoused in Abu Dhabi following a dispute with the ruler of Ras Al Khaimah.

A program of restoration and preservation was commenced in 2010, preserving Jazirah Al Hamra as a heritage village. Conservation work was ongoing as of 2025.
COVID-19 pandemic in Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
The first case of the COVID-19 pandemic in India was reported on 30 January 2020, originating from China. Slowly, the pandemic spread to various states and union territories including the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu. The first case was recorded in this region on 10 April 2020.

Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu is a union territory in India. The territory was constituted through the merger of the former territories of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu. Plans for the proposed merger were announced by the Government of India in July 2019; the necessary legislation was passed in the Parliament of India in December 2019 and came into effect on 26 January 2020. The territory is made up of four separate geographical entities: Dadra, Nagar Haveli, Daman, and the island of Diu. All four areas were formerly part of Portuguese India, with a joint capital at Panjim, Goa. They came under Indian rule in the mid-20th century after the Annexation of Goa and of the Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Goa, Daman and Diu were jointly administered until 1987, when Goa was granted statehood after the Konkani language agitation. The current capital is Daman and Silvassa is the largest city.
Loch Lundie
Loch Lundie is a small, lowland freshwater loch in Glen Garry, about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north-west of Invergarry in the Scottish Highlands. The loch is irregular in shape with a perimeter of 0.9 km (0.56 mi). It is approximately 0.75 mi (1.21 km) long, has an average depth of 40 ft (12 m) and is 54 ft (16 m) at its deepest. The loch was surveyed in 1903 by Sir John Murray and James Murray as part of the Bathymetrical Survey of Fresh-Water Lochs of Scotland 1897-1909.

Invergarry
Invergarry (Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Garadh) is a village in the Highlands of Scotland, located about 25 miles (40 km) north-east of Fort William. It is in the Great Glen, near where the River Garry flows into Loch Oich.
Uzunköprüspor
Uzunköprüspor is a Turkish sports club from Uzunköprü near Edirne in Turkey. The clubs plays in yellow and green kits, and have done so since their formation in 1970. In 2013–2014 season, Uzunköprüspor participated in Amatör Futbol Ligleri.

TFF 3. Lig
The TFF 3. Lig (lit. 'TFF 3rd League'), currently referred to as Nesine 3. Lig for sponsorship reasons, is the fourth level in the Turkish football league system. It was founded in the 2001–02 season as a continuation of then third level division Turkish Third Football League.
How Come (The Sports song)
"How Come" is a song recorded by Australian rock band The Sports. The song was written by band members Stephen Cummings
and Andrew Pendlebury. Released in March 1981 as the lead single from the band's fourth studio album, Sondra (1981), the song peaked at number 21 on the Australian Kent Music Report, becoming the band's highest charting single.

Kent Music Report
The Kent Music Report was a weekly record chart of Australian music singles and albums which was compiled by music historian David Kent from May 1974 through to January 1999. The chart was re-branded the Australian Music Report (AMR) in July 1987. From June 1988, the Australian Recording Industry Association, which had been using the top 50 portion of the report under licence since mid-1983, chose to produce their own listing as the ARIA Charts.

Before the Kent Report, Go-Set magazine published weekly Top 40 Singles from 1966, and albums chart from 1970 until the magazine's demise in August 1974.

David Kent later published Australian charts from 1940 to 1973 in a retrospective fashion, using state by state chart data obtained from various Australian radio stations.
Cran-Gevrier
Cran-Gevrier (French pronunciation: [kʁɑ̃ ʒəvʁije]; Arpitan: Kran-Zhèvrî) is a former commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in southeastern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the commune of Annecy.

Haute-Savoie
Haute-Savoie (French pronunciation: [ot savwa] ⓘ; Arpitan: Savouè d'Amont; Italian: Alta Savoia) is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of Southeastern France, bordering both Switzerland and Italy. Its prefecture is Annecy. To the north is Lake Geneva; to the south and southeast are Mont Blanc and the Aravis mountain range.

It holds its name from the Savoy historical region, as does the department of Savoie, located south of Haute-Savoie. In 2019, it had a population of 826,094. Its subprefectures are Bonneville, Saint-Julien-en-Genevois and Thonon-les-Bains. The French entrance to the Mont Blanc Tunnel into Italy is in Haute-Savoie. It is noted for winter sports; the first Winter Olympic Games were held at Chamonix in 1924.
Mamusa Local Municipality elections
The Mamusa Local Municipality council consists of sixteen members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Eight councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in eight wards, while the remaining eight are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In the election of 1 November 2021 the African National Congress (ANC) won a majority of nine seats.

Ward (South Africa)
In South Africa, wards are geopolitical subdivisions of municipalities used for electoral purposes. Each metropolitan and local municipality is delimited by the Municipal Demarcation Board into half as many wards as there are seats on the municipal council (rounding up if there are an odd number of seats). Each ward then elects one councillor directly, and the remaining councillors are elected from party lists so that the overall party representation is proportional to the proportion of votes received by each party.

After the 2021 municipal elections, there are 4,468 wards in South Africa.
Lycoming GSO-580
The Lycoming GSO-580 is a family of eight-cylinder horizontally opposed, supercharged, carburetor-equipped aircraft engines for both airplanes and helicopters, manufactured by Lycoming Engines in the late 1950s and early 1960s.

The family includes the original GSO-580 fixed-wing aircraft engine series, as well as the later SO-580 and VSO-580 helicopter engines. There is no non-supercharged, non-geared version of the engine, which would have been designated O-580 and therefore the base model is the GSO-580.

Engine displacement
Engine displacement is the measure of the cylinder volume swept by all of the pistons of a piston engine, excluding the combustion chambers. It is commonly used as an expression of an engine's size, and by extension as an indicator of the power (through mean effective pressure and rotational speed) an engine might be capable of producing and the amount of fuel it should be expected to consume. For this reason displacement is one of the measures often used in advertising, as well as regulating, motor vehicles.

It is usually expressed using the metric units of cubic centimetres (cc or cm3, equivalent to millilitres) or litres (l or L), or – particularly in the United States  – cubic inches (CID, c.i.d., cu in, or in3).
Independent School Entrance Examination
The Independent School Entrance Examination (ISEE) is an entrance exam used by many independent schools and magnet schools in the United States. Developed and administered by the Educational Records Bureau (ERB), the ISEE has four levels: the Primary level, for entrance to grades 2–4; Lower level, for entrance in grades 5–6; Middle level, for entrance in grades 7–8; Upper level, for entrance in grades 9–12. All levels consist of five sections: Verbal Reasoning, Quantitative Reasoning, Reading Comprehension, Mathematics Achievement, and a 30-minute essay. The ISEE can be seen as a parallel to the Secondary School Admission Test, or SSAT. It is currently administered by Measurement Incorporated.

Entrance examination
In education, an entrance examination or admission examination is an examination that educational institutions conduct to select prospective students. It may be held at any stage of education, from primary to tertiary, even though it is typically held at tertiary stage.
27th Quebec Legislature
The 27th Legislative Assembly of Quebec was the Quebec, Canada provincial legislature that was elected in the 1962 Quebec general election.  It sat for six sessions, from 15 January 1963 to 11 July 1963; from 21 August 1963 to 23 August 1963; from 14 January 1964 to 31 July 1964; from 21 January 1965 to 6 August 1965; from 22 October 1965 to 23 October 1965; and from 25 January 1966 to 18 April 1966.  The Liberal government led by Jean Lesage continued the Quiet Revolution reforms begun during its first mandate. The official opposition Union Nationale was led by Daniel Johnson, Sr.

Union Nationale (Quebec)
The Union nationale (French pronunciation: [ynjɔ̃ nɑsjɔnal]) was a conservative and nationalist provincial political party in Quebec, Canada, that identified with Québécois autonomism.  It was created during the Great Depression and held power in Quebec from 1936 to 1939, from 1944 to 1960 and from 1966 to 1970. The party was founded by Maurice Duplessis, who led it until his death in 1959.

The party was often referred to in English as the National Union, especially when it was still an electoral force, by both the media and, at times, the party.
Chiaureli
Chiaureli (Georgian: ჭიაურელი) is a Georgian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Mikheil Chiaureli (1894–1974), Soviet Georgian film director

Sofiko Chiaureli (1937–2008), Soviet Georgian actress, daughter of Mikheil Chiaureli

Mikheil Chiaureli
Mikheil Chiaureli (Georgian: მიხეილ ჭიაურელი; Russian: Михаил Эдишерович Чиаурели; 6 February 1894 – 31 October 1974) was a Soviet Georgian actor, film director and screenwriter. He directed 25 films between 1928 and 1974. He was awarded the Stalin Prize five times in 1941, 1943, 1946, 1947, and 1950.
John Gudenus
John Gudenus or John, Graf von Gudenus (23 November 1940 – 15 September 2016) was an Austrian member of the Federal Council of Austria on a free mandate (formerly as a member of the Freedom Party of Austria), and colonel of the Austrian Bundesheer.

Federal Council (Austria)
The Federal Council (German: Bundesrat, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsʁaːt]) is the upper house of the Austrian Parliament, representing the nine States of Austria at the federal level. As part of a bicameral legislature alongside the National Council, it can be compared with an upper house or a senate. It is far less powerful than the National Council: although it has to approve every new law decided for by this lower chamber, the latter can – in most cases – overrule the Federal Council's refusal to approve.

The Bundesrat has its seat at the Austrian Parliament Building in Vienna. Since 2023, it meets in a chamber formerly used by the National Council's budget committee. During a major renovation of the parliament building from 2017 until 2023, the Federal Council met in the Hofburg Palace.
Karanbash
Karanbash (Russian: Каранбаш; Bashkir: Ҡаранбаш, Qaranbaş) is a rural locality (a village) in Kopey-Kubovsky Selsoviet, Buzdyaksky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 49 as of 2010. There are 2 streets in total.

Buzdyaksky District
Buzdyaksky District (Russian: Буздя́кский райо́н; Bashkir and Tatar: Бүздәк районы, Büzdäk rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and borders with Chekmagushevsky District in the north, Blagovarsky District in the east, Davlekanovsky District in the southeast, Belebeyevsky District in the south, Tuymazinsky District in the southwest and west, and with Sharansky District in the west and northwest. The area of the district is 1,632.8 square kilometers (630.4 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Buzdyak. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 30,688, with the population of Buzdyak accounting for 33.6% of that number.
Lowrie
Lowrie is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Allen Lowrie (1948–2021), West Australian botanist

Charles N. Lowrie, American landscape architect

Dick Lowrie (born 1943), Scottish footballer

Donald Lowrie (died 1925), American newspaper writer

George Lowrie (1919–1989), Welsh footballer

Henry Berry Lowrie (c.1844–1847 – disappeared 1872), North Carolina outlaw

Jason Lowrie, New Zealand rugby league player

Jed Lowrie, infielder for the Oakland Athletics

John Patrick Lowrie, American voice actor

Matthew B. Lowrie (1773–1850), mayor of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Philip Lowrie (1936–2025), English actor

Ronnie Lowrie (born 1955), Scottish footballer

Todd Lowrie (born 1983), Australian rugby league player

Walter Lowrie (politician) (1784–1868), US senator from Pennsylvania

Walter H. Lowrie, chief justice of Pennsylvania's Supreme Court

William Lowrie (1857–1933), Australian agricultural educationist

Todd Lowrie
Todd Lowrie (born 14 July 1983) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer. He played at lock and second-row and played for the Newcastle Knights, Parramatta Eels, Melbourne Storm, New Zealand Warriors and Brisbane Broncos.
NOBIN
NOBIN (2-amino-2'-hydroxy-1,1'-binaphthyl) is an organic molecule used for asymmetric catalysis. NOBIN is related to BINOL and other analogs by both having a chiral axis and being a scaffold for certain chemical reactions. NOBIN is an excellent catalyst for the aldol reaction producing reliable products, good yields, and excellent diastereoselectivity.

Though rotation around the bond joining the rings is limited by the hydrogen atoms, enantiomerically pure NOBIN may racemize upon heating.

NOBIN is prepared by oxidative cross coupling of 2-naphthol and 2-naphthylamine. The oxidative source is metal ions in solution such as Fe2+ or a Cu2+ amine complex.  Once racemic NOBIN is produced, it needs to be resolved. One method for this is the use of camphorsulfonic acid, in which the basic group of NOBIN is used to form a diastereomeric salt of one enantiomer. The other enantiomer however will stay in solution.

The two enantiomers of NOBIN, (S)-(-)-NOBIN (left) and (R)-(+)-NOBIN (right)

Racemization
In chemistry, racemization is a conversion, by heat or by chemical reaction, of an optically active compound into a racemic (optically inactive) form. This creates a 1:1 molar ratio of enantiomers and is referred to as a racemic mixture (i.e. contain equal amount of (+) and (−) forms). Plus and minus forms are called dextrorotation and levorotation. The D and L enantiomers are present in equal quantities, the resulting sample is described as a racemic mixture or a racemate. Racemization can proceed through a number of different mechanisms, and it has particular significance in pharmacology in as much as different enantiomers may have different pharmaceutical effects.
Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area
Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture.

Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace.

Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was  established by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009, which was signed into law on 30 March 2009. It is administered by the University of North Alabama.

Franklin County, Alabama
Franklin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 32,113. Its county seat is Russellville. Its name is in honor of Benjamin Franklin, famous statesman, scientist, and printer. It is a dry county, although the city of Russellville is wet.
Pine Mountain Regional Library System
The Pine Mountain Regional Library System is a group of seven public libraries that serve Meriwether, Upson, Talbot, and Taylor counties in Georgia, United States. The library regional headquarters is located in Manchester, Georgia.

Pine Mountain Library is a member of PINES, a program of the Georgia Public Library Service that covers 53 library systems in 143 counties of Georgia. Any resident in a PINES supported library system has access to the system's collection of 10.6 million books. The library is also serviced by GALILEO, a program of the University System of Georgia which stands for "GeorgiA LIbrary LEarning Online". This program offers residents in supported libraries access to over 100 databases indexing thousands of periodicals and scholarly journals. It also boasts over 10,000 journal titles in full text.

Upson County, Georgia
Upson County is a county in the West Central region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,700. The county seat is Thomaston. The county was created on December 15, 1824.

Upson County comprises the Thomaston, GA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs CSA.
Little River (Big Lake)
The Little River is a short river in Maine. 
From the outflow of Little River Lake (45°09′26″N 67°48′42″W﻿ / ﻿45.1571°N 67.8118°W﻿ / 45.1571; -67.8118﻿ (Little River source)) in T.47 MD BPP, the river runs 7.1 miles (11.4 km) southeast and northeast to Big Lake in T.27 ED BPP.

Little River and its main tributary, Grand Lake Brook, provide an alternate drainage from West Grand Lake to Big Lake, in parallel to Grand Lake Stream. Big Lake drains into the Grand Falls Flowage, a reservoir created by the Grand Falls Dam on the St. Croix River in Baileyville.

Baileyville, Maine
Baileyville is a town in Washington County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,318 at the 2020 census. Within the town is the census-designated place of Woodland. The town was originally settled by Quakers in 1780. In 1830, Ezekiel Bailey began the commercial manufacture of oilcloth. The business flourished and expanded until it comprised several factories, which burned down in 1921.
Eduardo Barreto
Luis Eduardo Barreto Ferreyra (March 1, 1954 – December 15, 2011) was a Uruguayan artist who worked in the comic book and comic strip industries including several years of prominent work for DC Comics.

All of his children are artists. Two of them, Diego and Andrea, also work in comics, Diego as an artist, Andrea used to be a colorist and Guillermo who is an inker and illustrator. The three of them occasionally collaborated with Eduardo Barreto.

Graham Nolan
Graham Nolan (born March 12, 1962) is an American comic book artist, best known for work for DC Comics on Batman-related titles in the 1990s and his work on The Phantom Sunday strip. He frequently collaborates with writer Chuck Dixon.