hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
580 dysentery epidemic in Gaul
There was a large outbreak of a disease in Gaul (Francia) in the year 580. It is largely known from the writings of Gregory of Tours who claimed it was dysentery. This epidemic took the lives of several prominent Franks of the period, including:

Austregilde wife of King Guntram

several children of King Chilperic I

Nantinus, Count of Angoulême

Austregilde
Austregilde (548 – 580), also called Austerchild, Austregildis, Bobilla, Bobile, and Austrechild in most contemporary works and scholarship, was a Frankish queen consort of the Burgundy region in the 6th century. As a woman of the Merovingian elite, Austregilde held a fairly large amount of power, yet this power was limited by Salic law and societal values. As a result, Austregilde and other women needed to exercise their power indirectly through others or through intrigue tactics to become active political players. Understanding Austregilde, the power of elite women and the nature of Merovingian rule requires an analysis of the limited sources available from the contemporary period, like that of the Histories of Gregory of Tours, as well as an understanding of the context surrounding Merovingian rule.
Grey relational analysis
Grey relational analysis (GRA) was developed by Deng Julong of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. It is one of the most widely used models of grey system theory. GRA uses a specific concept of information. It defines situations with no information as black, and those with perfect information as white. However, neither of these idealized situations ever occurs in real world problems. In fact, situations between these extremes, which contain partial information, are described as being grey, hazy or fuzzy. A variant of GRA model, Taguchi-based GRA model, is a popular optimization method in manufacturing engineering.

Reality
Reality is the state of everything that exists, not how they might be imagined. Different cultures and academic disciplines conceptualize it in various ways.

Philosophical questions about the nature of reality, existence, or being are considered under the rubric of ontology, a major branch of metaphysics in the Western intellectual tradition. Ontological questions also feature in diverse branches of philosophy, including the philosophy of science, religion, mathematics, and logic. These include questions about whether only physical objects are real (e.g., physicalism), whether reality is fundamentally immaterial (e.g., idealism), whether hypothetical unobservable entities posited by scientific theories exist (e.g., scientific realism), whether God exists, whether numbers and other abstract objects exist, and whether possible worlds exist. Skeptics question whether any of those claims is true, and suggest more extreme postulates.
Sung Chi-li
Sung Chi-li (born 17 September 1948), born Sung Kan-lin, is a notorious Taiwan cult leader and geomancer who founded the Sung Chi-li Miracle Association and the Great Sun Sect. He was embroiled in a scandal in 1996 and accused of swindling US$7 million  from his followers. He was convicted of fraud in 1997 and sentenced to seven years imprisonment. His verdict was later overturned in 2003 by the high court which cited freedom of religion was protected under Taiwan's constitution. Sung claims to have supernatural powers such as the ability to appear anywhere at anytime (fēnshēn body-double manifestations) ), possessing divine healing powers and calls himself Yuzhou Guangmingti (宇宙光明體; lit. Cosmic Luminous Body).

Frank Hsieh
Frank Hsieh Chang-ting (Chinese: 謝長廷; born May 18, 1946) is a Taiwanese politician and former defense attorney who served as Ambassador of Taiwan to Japan from 2016 to 2024. A cofounder of the Democratic Progressive Party, he has served on the Taipei City Council, the Legislative Yuan, as the mayor of Kaohsiung City, and as the Premier of Taiwan (President of the Executive Yuan) under president Chen Shui-bian. Hsieh was the DPP nominee in the 2008 presidential election and was defeated by Ma Ying-jeou.
1856–57 United States Senate elections
The 1856–57 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1856 and 1857, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 1.

The young Republican Party assumed its position as one of the United States's two main political parties.  The Whigs and Free Soilers were gone by the time the next Congress began.

Pennsylvania General Assembly
The Pennsylvania General Assembly is the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is a bicameral body consisting of an upper house, the Pennsylvania State Senate, with 50 members, and a lower house, the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, with 203 members. The legislature convenes in the State Capitol building in Harrisburg.

During colonial times (1682–1776), the legislature was known as the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly and was unicameral. Since the Constitution of 1776, the legislature has been known as the General Assembly. The General Assembly became a bicameral legislature in 1791.
Lion's Den (nightclub)
Lion's Den was a music club located at 214 Sullivan Street, between Bleecker Street and West 3rd Street, in the Greenwich Village section of Manhattan in New York City. It opened in 1990 and closed in December 2007.

Performers included Ben Folds, Sloan, Howie Day, Keller Williams, New Found Glory, Rachael Sage, Disco Biscuits, The String Cheese Incident, Pharoahe Monch, Dashboard Confessional, Page McConnell, Sister Hazel, Lady Gaga, Soulive, the dreamscapes project, Fear of Falling, R-Blend, and Mordus.

In January 2008, Lion's Den reopened as Sullivan Hall.

Page McConnell
Page Samuel McConnell (born May 17, 1963) is an American multi-instrumentalist, most noted for his work as the keyboardist and a songwriter for the band Phish.

McConnell joined Phish in 1985, and is the only member of its long-standing quartet lineup to not be an original member of the band. McConnell has been part of a number of other side projects, including leading the electronic jazz fusion band Vida Blue and acting as a session musician for the comedy rock duo Tenacious D. He released his debut solo album, Page McConnell, in 2007.
Regimental Music
Regimental Music (German: Regimentsmusik) is a 1950 German drama film directed by Arthur Maria Rabenalt and starring Heidemarie Hatheyer, Friedrich Domin and Siegfried Breuer. It was an Überläufer, a film made predominantly during the Second World War but not released until after the fall of the Nazi regime. It was based on the novel Die Schuld der Gabriele Rottweil by Hans Gustl Kernmayr and it sometimes known by this title. It was shot at the Bavaria Studios in Munich. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Rudolf Pfenninger and Ludwig Reiber. The film's direction was originally assigned to Georg Wilhelm Pabst before he was replaced by Rabenalt.

Überläufer
In German film history, an Überläufer (lit. defector) is a film that was in production under the Third Reich but completed and premiered only after the end of the Second World War. The vast majority of Überläufer films are romantic comedies with no reference to the political and military situation of the time.
Nando Pijnaker
Nando Zen Pijnaker (Dutch: [ˈnɑndo zɛn ˈpɛi̯.nɑ.kər]; born 25 February 1999) is a professional footballer who plays as a centre back for A-League Men club Auckland FC. Born in the Netherlands, he represents the New Zealand national team.

Central League (New Zealand)
The Central League, known as the Dettol Central League for sponsorship reasons, is a competition run by the Capital Football for association football clubs located in the southern and central parts of the North Island. It is a New Zealand top-tier competition during the winter season, and sits at step two under the National League.
Early long-term potentiation
Early long-term potentiation (E-LTP) is the first phase of long-term potentiation (LTP), a well-studied form of synaptic plasticity, and consists of an increase in synaptic strength. LTP could be produced by repetitive stimulation of the presynaptic terminals, and it is believed to play a role in memory function in the hippocampus, amygdala and other cortical brain structures in mammals.

Long-term potentiation occurs when synaptic transmission becomes more effective as a result of recent activity. The neuronal changes can be temporary and wear off after some hours (early LTP) or much more stable and long-lasting (late LTP).

Kinase
In biochemistry, a kinase (/ˈkaɪneɪs, ˈkɪneɪs, -eɪz/) is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups to substrates. This process is known as phosphorylation.  Typically ATP is the phosphate donor. Kinases are pervasive, the human genome codes for about 500 of these enzymes.

Kinases are part of the larger family of phosphotransferases. Kinases should not be confused with phosphorylases, which catalyze the addition of inorganic phosphate groups to an acceptor, nor with phosphatases, which remove phosphate groups (dephosphorylation). The phosphorylation state of a molecule, whether it be a protein, lipid or carbohydrate, can affect its activity, reactivity and its ability to bind other molecules. Therefore, kinases are critical in metabolism, cell signalling, protein regulation, cellular transport, secretory processes and many other cellular pathways, which makes them very important to physiology.
Gottebord
Gottebord (Swedish for "sweets table") is a traditional Swedish Christmas table. 
Gottebord is a special table with various sweets laid out on it. It can be decorated with a Christmas ornament and other Christmas decorations. Commonly used snacks are Christmas candy like knäck, caramels and marzipan, pastries like saffron buns and gingerbread, fresh and dried fruit, and nuts. Sometimes it can also contain chocolates and desserts like risalamande (ris à la Malta).

Marzipan
Marzipan is a confection consisting primarily of sugar and almond meal (ground almonds), sometimes augmented with almond oil or extract.

It is often made into sweets; common uses are chocolate-covered marzipan and small marzipan imitations of fruits and vegetables. It can also be used in biscuits or rolled into thin sheets and glazed for icing cakes, primarily birthday cakes, wedding cakes and Christmas cakes. Marzipan may also be used as a baking ingredient, as in stollen or banket. In some countries, it is shaped into small figures of animals as a traditional treat for New Year's Day or Christmas. Marzipan is also used in Tortell, and in some versions of king cake eaten during the Carnival season.
3alpha(or 20beta)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
In enzymology, a 3alpha(or 20beta)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.53) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The two substrates of this enzyme are 3α-androstanediol and oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Its products are dihydrotestosterone, reduced NADH, and a proton.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3alpha(or 20beta)-hydroxysteroid:NAD+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include cortisone reductase, (R)-20-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, dehydrogenase, 20beta-hydroxy steroid, Delta4-3-ketosteroid hydrogenase, 20beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 3alpha,20beta-hydroxysteroid:NAD+-oxidoreductase, NADH-20beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and 20beta-HSD. This enzyme participates in bile acid biosynthesis and c21-steroid hormone metabolism.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Keith Russell (politician)
Keith Russell is a Canadian politician in Newfoundland and Labrador and former Minister of Labrador and Aboriginal Affairs. He was elected to the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly in the 2011 provincial election. A member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador, he represented the Labrador district of Lake Melville until his 2015 election defeat. 10 years later, he was re-elected to a second term in the 2025 Newfoundland and Labrador general election.

Before entering provincial politics Russell was an Ordinary Member for Upper Lake Melville in the Nunatsiavut Government.
In 2025, Russell was acclaimed as the nominee for the district of Lake Melville by the Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador Russell was re-elected in the 2025 Newfoundland and Labrador general election.

Labrador
Labrador (/ˈlæbrədɔːr/) is a geographic and cultural region within the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.  It is the primarily continental portion of the province and constitutes 71% of the province's area but is home to only 6% of its population. It is separated from the island of Newfoundland by the Strait of Belle Isle. It is the largest and northernmost geographical region in the four Atlantic provinces.

Labrador occupies most of the eastern part of the Labrador Peninsula. It is bordered to the west and south by the province of Quebec. Labrador also shares a small land border with the territory of Nunavut on Killiniq Island.

The indigenous peoples of Labrador include the Northern Inuit of Nunatsiavut, the Southern-Inuit of NunatuKavut, and the Innu of Nitassinan.
Emily Ann and Maggie Hays nickel mines
The Emily Ann and Maggie Hays nickel deposits are situated 117 km west of the town of Norseman, Western Australia, within the Lake Johnston Greenstone Belt.

The mines had been operational since 2001 when Nornickel suspended mining at Emily Ann and Maggie Hays in early 2009 because of drastically falling nickel prices. Poseidon Nickel acquired the Lake Johnston Nickel Project from Norlisk in 2014.

Felsic
In geology, felsic is a modifier describing igneous rocks that are relatively rich in elements that form feldspar and quartz. It is contrasted with mafic rocks, which are richer in magnesium and iron. Felsic refers to silicate minerals, magma, and rocks which are enriched in the lighter elements such as silicon, oxygen, aluminium, sodium, and potassium. Molten felsic magma  and lava is more viscous than molten mafic magma and lava. Felsic magmas and lavas have lower temperatures of melting and solidification than mafic magmas and lavas.

Felsic rocks are usually light in color and have specific gravities less than 3. The most common felsic rock is granite. Common felsic minerals include quartz, muscovite, orthoclase, and the sodium-rich plagioclase feldspars (albite-rich).
Hipeponymous
Hipeponymous is a limited-edition boxed set by Canadian rock band The Tragically Hip. It was released on November 1, 2005. The album has been certified Platinum in Canada.

Hipeponymous contains a two-CD compilation of remastered songs voted for by fans titled Yer Favourites, a full-length concert DVD recorded on November 26, 2004, at the Air Canada Centre titled That Night in Toronto, and a DVD of bonus features that includes all of the band's music videos, a backstage documentary titled Macroscopic, and a short film titled The Right Whale, which features eleven visual vignettes set to new original scores written by the band, packaged in a forty-eight page hardbound book depicting various Hip memorabilia.

A very limited number of copies dispatched from Maple Music in Canada included a special postcard signed by all five members of the band.

Scared (The Tragically Hip song)
"Scared" is a song by Canadian rock band the Tragically Hip. It was released in September 1995 as the fifth single from their 1994 album, Day for Night. The song peaked at number 57 on the Canadian RPM Singles chart. It was featured in the 2006 film Trailer Park Boys: The Movie and was included on its soundtrack.

The song was reportedly written about by Allan Gregg, a Canadian pollster and political advisor. At the time, the Tragically Hip were managed by the Management Trust Ltd., where Gregg was a partner. As he discussed on the Toronto Mike'd podcast, Gregg says the band wrote the song in response to some critical feedback he provided on early versions of tracks for the band's 1994 album, Day for Night.
Stupid Piece of Sh*t
"Stupid Piece of Sh*t" is the sixth episode of the fourth season of American animated television series BoJack Horseman, and the 42nd episode overall. It was written by Alison Tafel and directed by Anne Walker Farrell, and was released in the United States, along with the rest of season four, via Netflix on September 8, 2017. Fielding Edlow, Sharon Horgan, and Felicity Huffman provide voices in guest appearances in the episode.

In 2017, the episode received two nominations for the 45th Annie Awards, including Best General Audience Animated Television Production and Outstanding Achievement for Editorial in an Animated Television/Broadcast Production.

45th Annie Awards
The 45th Annual Annie Awards honoring excellence in the field of animation of 2017 took place on February 3, 2018, at the University of California, Los Angeles's Royce Hall in Los Angeles, California, and presented awards in 35 categories.
House series (Lichtenstein)
The House series was produced by Roy Lichtenstein in the late 1990s and consists of several large-scale outdoor sculptures and an interior wall piece. The House series includes three distinct works: House I, House II, and House III. Each piece depicts the exterior of a simplified cartoon house, while actively producing an optical illusion. Houses I and III are available for display at the National Gallery of Art Sculpture Garden in Washington, D.C., and the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, GA, respectively. No records indicate the current location of House II.

Leeum Museum of Art
The Leeum Museum of Art (Korean: 리움미술관) is a museum in Hannam-dong, Yongsan District, Seoul, South Korea. It is run by the Samsung Foundation of Culture. It is considered one of South Korea's top three private art museums.

The museum consists of two parts, one of which houses traditional Korean art, the other contemporary art. The first part of the museum was designed by Swiss architect Mario Botta and the second part of the museum by French architect Jean Nouvel and Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas.
Ira Shor
Ira Shor (born June 2, 1945) is a professor at the College of Staten Island, City University of New York, where he teaches composition and rhetoric. He is also doctoral faculty in the PhD Program in English at The Graduate Center, CUNY.

College of Staten Island
The College of Staten Island (CSI) is a public university in Staten Island, New York, United States. It is one of the 11 four-year senior colleges within the City University of New York system (CUNY), and one of the 2 four-year senior colleges within the CUNY system with a program in engineering.

Programs in the liberal arts, sciences, engineering and professional studies lead to PhD degrees, master's degrees, bachelor's and associate degrees. The bachelor's program includes selective membership in CUNY's Macaulay Honors College. The master's degree is awarded in 21 professional and liberal arts, sciences and engineering fields of study. A clinical doctorate is awarded by the departments of nursing and physical therapy. The college participates in doctoral programs of the CUNY Graduate Center in biology, chemistry, computer science, and physics, and at City College in engineering.
Zardaín
Zardaín is one of 44 parishes (administrative divisions) in Tinéu, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

It is 2.12 km2 (0.82 sq mi) in size, with a population of 93 (INE 2004).

Parish (administrative division)
A parish is an administrative division used by several countries. To distinguish it from an ecclesiastical parish, the term civil parish is used in some jurisdictions, as noted below.

The table below lists countries which use this administrative division:
Church of the Sacred Heart, Camberwell
The Roman Catholic Church of the Sacred Heart is a Roman Catholic church on Knatchbull Road and Camberwell New Road in Camberwell, south-east London, SE5.

The first church on this site was destroyed by enemy action during The Blitz between 8–9 October 1941.

The church was built between 1952 and 1958 in the Moderne style and has been listed Grade II on the National Heritage List for England since 2015. The foundation stone of the present church had been laid by Cyril Cowderoy on 19 April 1952.

The devotional Stations of the Cross sculptures of Sacred Heart were supplied by Burns & Oates, and are placed above the side aisles of the church. The individual Stations of the Cross are made using the opus sectile technique, inlaid on a gold mosaic background.

Cornerstone
A cornerstone (or foundation stone or setting stone) is the first stone set in the construction of a masonry foundation. All other stones will be set in reference to this stone, thus determining the position of the entire structure.

Over time a cornerstone became a ceremonial masonry stone, or replica, set in a prominent location on the outside of a building, with an inscription on the stone indicating the construction dates of the building and the names of architect, builder, and other significant individuals. The rite of laying a cornerstone is an important cultural component of eastern architecture and metaphorically in sacred architecture generally.

Some cornerstones include time capsules from, or engravings commemorating, the time a particular building was built.
Adelbrik Adelen
Adelbrik Adelen (Sexbierum, elected about 830) was the third potestaat (magistrate governor) of Friesland a province of the Netherlands.

He was potestaat during the government of  Lorraine, and defeated the Vikings. In Kollum he won a victory over a Swedish duke.  There is a source that indicates that he is a brother or a cousin of the Utrecht Bishop Frederik, who came from the same Friesian village of Sexbierum.

He succeeded Taco Ludigman, and in turn was succeeded by Hessel Hermana.

The family emblem of Adelen  is a Friese eagle half left, and right on a blue field up with a key above.  To the upper left and right is a 5-pointed star.

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht
The Archdiocese of Utrecht (Latin: Archidioecesis Ultraiectensis; Dutch: Aartsbisdom Utrecht) is an archdiocese of the Latin Church (or Western Church) of the Catholic Church in the Netherlands. The Archbishop of Utrecht is the metropolitan of the ecclesiastical province of Utrecht. There are six suffragan dioceses of the province: Roman Catholic Dioceses of Breda, of Groningen-Leeuwarden, of Haarlem-Amsterdam, of Roermond, of Rotterdam, and of 's-Hertogenbosch. The cathedral church of the archdiocese is Saint Catherine's Cathedral, which replaced the prior cathedral, Saint Martin's Cathedral after it was taken by Protestants in the Reformation.