hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of the Bismarck Sea order of battle
The Battle of the Bismarck Sea (2–4 March 1943) took place in the South West Pacific Area (SWPA) during World War II.

At midnight 28 February 1942, eight transports carrying about 6,900 troops of the Imperial Japanese Army, escorted by eight destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy, departed their base at Rabaul, New Britain heading for Lae, New Guinea. Through the afternoon of 1 March, the overcast weather held at which point the weather changed direction and the slow-moving task force was spotted by an Allied scout plane.

Aircraft of the U.S. 5th Air Force and the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) attacked the convoy, sinking all eight transports and four of the eight destroyers. The remaining destroyers with about 2,700 surviving troops limped back to Rabaul.

New Britain
New Britain (Tok Pisin: Niu Briten) is the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. It is separated from New Guinea by a northwest corner of the Solomon Sea (or with an island hop of Umboi the Dampier and Vitiaz Straits) and from New Ireland by St. George's Channel. The main towns of New Britain are Rabaul/Kokopo and Kimbe.  The island is roughly the size of Taiwan.

When the island was part of German New Guinea, its name was Neupommern ("New Pomerania").  In common with most of the Bismarcks it was largely formed by volcanic processes, and has active volcanoes including Ulawun (highest volcano nationally), Langila, the Garbuna Group, the Sulu Range, and the volcanoes Tavurvur and Vulcan of the Rabaul caldera. A major eruption of Tavurvur in 1994 destroyed the East New Britain provincial capital of Rabaul. Most of the town still lies under metres of ash, and the capital has been moved to nearby Kokopo.
Radio Club de Costa Rica
The Radio Club de Costa Rica (RCCR) (in English: Radio Club of Costa Rica) is a national non-profit organization for amateur radio enthusiasts in Costa Rica. Key membership benefits of the RCCR include a QSL bureau for those amateur radio operators in regular communications with other amateur radio operators in foreign countries, and a network to support amateur radio emergency communications.  RCCR represents the interests of Costa Rican amateur radio operators before Costa Rican and international regulatory authorities.  RCCR is the national member society representing Costa Rica in the International Amateur Radio Union.

QSL card
A QSL card is a written confirmation of either a two-way radiocommunication between two amateur radio or citizens band stations; a one-way reception of a signal from an AM radio, FM radio, television or shortwave broadcasting station; or the reception of a two-way radiocommunication by a third party listener. A typical QSL card is the same size and made from the same material as a typical postcard, and most are sent through the mail as such.

QSL card derived its name from the Q code "QSL". A Q code message can stand for a statement or a question (when the code is followed by a question mark). In this case, 'QSL?' (note the question mark) means "Do you confirm receipt of my transmission?" while 'QSL' (without a question mark) means "I confirm receipt of your transmission."
60th Street station (SEPTA)
60th Street station is an elevated rapid transit station on the SEPTA Metro L, located at the intersection of 60th Street and Market Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The station straddles the line between two West Philadelphia neighborhoods, Haddington to the north and Cobbs Creek.

The station is also served by SEPTA bus routes 31 and 46.

SEPTA Metro
SEPTA Metro is an urban rail transit network in and around Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, operated by the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA). The network includes two rapid transit lines, a light rail system with five branches, a streetcar line, a light rail line with two services, and an interurban/light metro line, totaling 78 miles (126 km) of rail service.

Although some of Philadelphia's transit lines date to the 19th century and the SEPTA agency began operations in 1965, the transit network itself had no formal name until 2024, when it was named "SEPTA Metro" as part of an effort to make the system easier to navigate. The effort replaced each line's name with a single letter, plus a number to denote various service patterns.
2012 Rakuten Japan Open Tennis Championships – Singles
Andy Murray was the defending champion, but lost to Milos Raonic in the semifinals.
Eighth-seeded Kei Nishikori won the title beating Milos Raonic in the final 7–6(7–5), 3–6, 6–0, and in doing so became the first home grown winner of the title since Toshiro Sakai in 1972.

Ivo Karlović
Ivo Karlović (Croatian pronunciation: [ǐːʋo kâːrloʋitɕ]; born 28 February 1979) is a Croatian former professional tennis player. His height of 211 cm (6 ft 11 in) makes him the joint-tallest ranked tennis player in history (along with Reilly Opelka). He won eight ATP Tour singles titles between 2007 and 2016. He was a serve-and-volleyer and officially held the record for the fastest serve recorded in professional tennis, measured at 251 km/h (156 mph), before being officially surpassed by John Isner in 2016. He was considered one of the best servers on tour, and held the record for career aces from 1991 onwards with 13,728 (not including Davis Cup) before the record was broken by Isner on July 1 2022. This makes him one of only five players since 1991 to surpass 10,000 aces. His height enabled him to serve with high speed and unique trajectory.
Sergei Rybin
Sergei Rybin (born December 11, 1979) is a Russian former professional ice hockey player.

Rybin played 17 seasons in Russia with the HC Lipetsk and HC Ryazan. He retired  following the 2013–14 season.

HC Lipetsk
HC Lipetsk is an ice hockey team in Lipetsk, Russia. They play in the Pervaya Liga, the third level of Russian ice hockey. The club was founded in 1979. They played in the Russian Superleague from 1998-2000.
Hans Müller (politician)
Hans Müller (25 June 1884 in Trier – 19 April 1961 in München) was a German jurist, an administrator and politician, a member of the Freikorps and of the Nazi Party. He was also a member of the CSU.

Müller studied law and economy in Bonn, Freiburg im Breisgau and Munich, and was promoted in 1910 to Dr. jur. et rer. pol.

Müller served since 1911 at the Fiscal Courts in Mülheim an der Ruhr and Düsseldorf, was President of the Oberfinanzdirektion in Karlsruhe from 1927 to 1933 and judge at the Reichsfinanzhof from 1933 to 1945.

After the Second World War, Müller joined the CSU, serving from 1946 to 1950 in the Landesvorstand and in the Ministry of Agriculture of Bavaria. From 22 October 1945 to 18 December 1950 he served as Staatsrat and state secretary in the Bavarian State Ministry of Finances under Minister-Presidents Wilhelm Hoegner and Hans Ehard.

After that, he continued his pre-war career, serving from 1 May 1951 to 31 December 1954 as President of the Federal Fiscal Court.

Wilhelm Hoegner
Wilhelm Johann Harald Hoegner (23 September 1887 – 5 March 1980) was the second Bavarian minister-president after World War II (1945–1946 and 1954–1957), and the father of the Bavarian constitution. He has been the only Social Democrat to hold this office since 1920.
Annals of Combinatorics
Annals of Combinatorics is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in combinatorics. It was established in 1997 by William Chen and is published by Birkhäuser.

The journal publishes articles in combinatorics and related areas with a focus on algebraic combinatorics, analytic combinatorics, graph theory, and matroid theory.

Until December 2019, the journal was edited by George Andrews, William Chen, and Peter Paule. The current editors-in-chief are Frédérique Bassino, Kolja Knauer, and Matjaž Konvalinka.

Algebraic combinatorics
Algebraic combinatorics is an area of mathematics that employs methods of abstract algebra, notably group theory and representation theory, in various combinatorial contexts and, conversely, applies combinatorial techniques to problems in algebra.
Klawer
Klawer is a town in the Matzikama Municipality in the Western Cape province of South Africa. It is situated on the right bank of the Olifants River, 17 kilometres (11 mi) south-east of Vredendal and 240 kilometres (150 mi) north of Cape Town. According to the 2011 census, it has a population of 6,234 people in 1,680 households. The name Klawer comes from the Afrikaans word for a type of wild clover which grows here after the rains.

Olifants River (Western Cape)
The Olifants River (Afrikaans: Olifantsrivier) is a river in the northwestern area of the Western Cape Province of South Africa. The upper and main catchment area of the Olifants river is around Ceres and the Cederberg mountains. The Clanwilliam and Bulshoek dams are located on the river and provide water for the towns and farms along the watercourse.  The river is approximately 285 km long with a catchment area of 46,220 km2. It flows into the Atlantic Ocean at Papendorp, 250 km north of Cape Town.
Intimate Relations (1953 film)
Intimate Relations (U.S. title Disobedient ) is a 1953 British drama film directed by Charles Frank and starring Harold Warrender and Marian Spencer. It was written by Frank based on the 1938 play Les Parents terribles by Jean Cocteau. It was entered into the 1953 Cannes Film Festival.

1953 Cannes Film Festival
The 6th Cannes Film Festival took place from 15 to 29 April 1953. French writer and filmmaker Jean Cocteau served as jury president for the main competition.

The Grand Prize of the Festival was awarded, as the highest prize, to The Wages of Fear by Henri-Georges Clouzot.

During the opening ceremony, Walt Disney was awarded the "Legion of Honour" from the hands of Monsieur Hugues, Minister of Information of France.

The festival opened with Endless Horizons by Jean Dréville.
Botswana women's national under-19 cricket team
The Botswana women's under-19 cricket team represents Botswana in international under-19 women's cricket. The team is administered by the Botswana Cricket Association (BCA).

The side played for the first time in the Africa Qualifier for the 2023 Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup.

2023 Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup qualification
The 2023 ICC Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup qualification were a series of regional qualification tournaments to determine the final five places at the 2023 ICC Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup. Qualification tournaments were held in Africa, Asia, East-Asia Pacific and Europe.
Withymoor Goods Yard
Withymoor Goods Yard was a railway goods yard situated in Netherton, West Midlands, England. It opened in 1879 at the termination of a branch line which connected it with the newly opened Bumble Hole Line.

Goods station
A goods station (also known as a goods yard or goods depot) or freight station is, in the widest sense, a railway station where, either exclusively or predominantly, goods (or freight), such as merchandise, parcels, and manufactured items, are loaded onto or unloaded from ships or road vehicles and/or where goods wagons are transferred to local sidings.

A station where goods are not specifically received or dispatched but simply transferred on their way to their destination between the railway and another means of transport, such as ships or lorries, may be referred to as a transshipment station. This often takes the form of a container terminal and may also be known as a container station.

Goods stations were more widespread in the days when the railways were common carriers and were often converted from former passenger stations whose traffic had moved elsewhere.
Mediolana Bluff
Mediolana Bluff (Bulgarian: рид Медиолана, romanized: rid Mediolana, IPA: [ˈrid mɛdioˈɫanɐ]) is the ice-covered bluff of elevation 1300 m in the northwest part of Basarbovo Ridge in Stribog Mountains on Brabant Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It has steep and partly ice-free west and south slopes, and surmounts Malpighi Glacier to the southwest and Svetovrachene Glacier to the northeast.

The peak is named after the ancient Roman fortress of Mediolana in Northeastern Bulgaria.

Brabant Island
Brabant Island is the second largest island of the Palmer Archipelago within the British Antarctic Territory, lying between Anvers Island and Liège Island. Brabant Island is 59 km (37 mi) long north-south, 30 km (19 mi) wide, and rises to 2,520 m (8,268 ft) in Mount Parry.  The interior of the island is occupied by two mountain ranges, Solvay Mountains (Cook Summit, 1590 m) in its southern part and Stribog Mountains (summit Mount Parry) in its central and northern parts.

It was named by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition (1897–1899) under Adrien de Gerlache, who named it after the Belgian Province of Brabant, in recognition of the support given to the expedition by its citizens.

A paper summarizing the Joint Services expedition of 1984–1985 describes the island as "notoriously inhospitable" and states that there is evidence for only six visits between the discovery in 1898 and 1984.  Members of the expedition overwintered there in 1984–1985, and made the first ascent of Mount Parry.
George Blagdon Westcott
Captain George Blagdon Westcott (fl. 24 April 1753 – 1 August 1798) was a Royal Navy officer who served in the American War of Independence and French Revolutionary Wars, eventually rising to the rank of captain. He was one of Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson's "Band of Brothers" at the Battle of the Nile in 1798, at which he was killed.

John Knox Laughton
Sir John Knox Laughton (23 April 1830 – 14 September 1915) was a British naval historian and arguably the first to delineate the importance of the subject of naval history as an independent field of study.  Beginning his working life as a mathematically trained civilian instructor for the Royal Navy, he later became professor of modern history at King's College London and a co-founder of the Navy Records Society.  A prolific writer of lives, he penned the biographies of more than 900 naval personalities for the Dictionary of National Biography.
Lawrence Kavenagh
Lawrence Kavenagh (c. 1810 – 13 October 1846) was an Irish-Australian convict bushranger who, with Martin Cash and George Jones, escaped from Port Arthur, Van Diemen's Land, in late 1842. The three men took to bushranging for a six-month period, robbing homesteads and inns with seeming impunity. Kavenagh was tried for serious crimes on five separate occasions. He was executed in 1846 at Norfolk Island.

Ross, Tasmania
Ross is a village in the Midlands of the state of Tasmania in Australia.  On the Macquarie River, Ross is located 78 km south of Launceston and 117 km north of Hobart. The town is listed on the Register of the National Estate and is noted for its historic bridge, original sandstone buildings and convict history.
Əniqoba
Əniqoba (also, Anykhoba and Anykhoba Pervaya) is a village and municipality in the Qusar Rayon of Azerbaijan.  It has a population of 737.  The municipality consists of the villages of Əniqoba and Xuluqoba.

Qusar District
41°25′N 48°26′E﻿ / ﻿41.417°N 48.433°E﻿ / 41.417; 48.433

Qusar District (Gusar District; Azerbaijani: Qusar rayonu) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the northeast of the country, in the Guba-Khachmaz Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Quba, Qabala, Khachmaz, and the Russian Republic of Dagestan. Its capital and largest city is Qusar. As of 2020, the district had a population of 99,000.
Jack Osbourne: Adrenaline Junkie
Jack Osbourne: Adrenaline Junkie is a British reality television series on ITV2, series 1 focused on Jack Osbourne's globe-trekking six-month quest to get in physical and mental shape to climb the rockface of California's El Capitan mountain, the show documents Osbourne running with the bulls in Pamplona, Spain, following a strict exercise regimen, Muay Thai training in Thailand, and "an overall 180-degree mental make-over".

The show was broadcast by MuchMusic in Canada, and the Travel Channel in the United States, and Series 1 and 2 were repeated on the ITV Network late at night. The programme is also broadcast on the Extreme Sports Channel in the UK.

Jesse Metcalfe
Jesse Eden Metcalfe (born December 9, 1978) is an American actor. He is known for playing John Rowland on Desperate Housewives. Metcalfe has also had notable roles on Passions and played the title role in John Tucker Must Die. He starred as Christopher Ewing in the TNT continuation of Dallas, based on the 1978 series of the same name. From 2016 to 2021, Metcalfe starred as Trace Riley in Hallmark Channel's hit series Chesapeake Shores.
Dutch Improved Red Pied
The Dutch Improved Red Pied, Dutch: Verbeterd Roodbont, is a recently-developed Dutch breed of beef cattle.: 172  It derives from the dual-purpose Meuse-Rhine-Issel breed, and is characterised by a high incidence of the double-muscling gene. A breed association was started in 1988.: 172

Beef cattle
Beef cattle are cattle raised for meat production (as distinguished from dairy cattle, used for milk (production)). The meat of mature or almost mature cattle is mostly known as beef.
In beef production there are three main stages: cow-calf operations, backgrounding, and feedlot operations.  The production cycle of the animals starts at cow-calf operations; this operation is designed specifically to breed cows for their offspring. From here the calves are backgrounded for a feedlot. Animals grown specifically for the feedlot are known as feeder cattle, the goal of these animals is fattening. Animals not grown for a feedlot are typically female and are commonly known as replacement heifers.
While the principal use of beef cattle is meat production, other uses include leather, and beef by-products used in candy, shampoo, cosmetics, and insulin.
Elections in Iowa
The number of elections in Iowa varies from year to year.  Presidential elections are held every four years.

Since 1972, Iowa has been the first state to vote in presidential primaries, with their caucuses.  As with presidential elections, gubernatorial elections are held every four years - but are staggered such that they are held on general elections independently of the presidential election.  Members of the Iowa Senate are elected every four years, with half of the Senate elected at each general election; all members of the Iowa House of Representatives are  elected every two years.  Additionally, elections for various government officials, judicial retention elections, and elections on referendums occur as part of various elections in Iowa.

In a 2020 study, Iowa was ranked as the 24th easiest state for citizens to vote in.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
Alexander 23
Alexander Glantz (born January 23, 1995), known professionally as Alexander 23, is an American singer-songwriter and record producer. Since releasing his first string of singles and EP in 2019, he has worked with artists such as Olivia Rodrigo, John Mayer, Noah Kahan, Tate McRae, Charlie Puth, Laufey, Role Model, Reneé Rapp, Omar Apollo, Selena Gomez, Jeremy Zucker, Blu DeTiger, Kenny Beats, David Kushner, Addison Rae, Glaive and Megan Thee Stallion, and has accumulated over a billion streams on his own music.

Glaive (musician)
Ash Blue Gutierrez (born January 20, 2005), known professionally as Glaive (stylized as glaive), is an American singer-songwriter. After posting a string of hyperpop songs to SoundCloud during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic that earned him a following, he signed a record deal with Interscope Records and released his debut extended play, Cypress Grove, in 2020. His debut album, I Care So Much That I Don't Care at All, was released in 2023. His second album, May It Never Falter, was released in 2024. His third, Y'all, was released in September 2025.
Byblos marble inscription
The Byblos marble inscription is a Phoenician inscription on a white marble fragment of a sarcophagus discovered around 1957 in the courtyard of Byblos Castle in the area where the east wall of the tower was located. It has been dated to 550-450 BCE, the period of the Achaemenid Empire; line 3 of the inscription is thought to refer to a Persian king. The inscription also refers to myrrh.

The fragment is broken on both the right and the left. It measures 56 cm x 43 cm with a thickness of 6.5-12 cm. Remnants of a total of 7 lines are preserved, which are neatly separated by dividing lines. The writing is carved in clear, regular letters, with occasional word separation.

It was first published in 1969 by Jean Starcky, and is held in the National Museum of Beirut (N 60.1). It is known as KAI 280, and "Byblos 13" as it is the thirteenth significant inscription discovered in Byblos.

The style of the inscription is similar to KAI 9, the Son of Shipitbaal inscription.

Myrrh
Myrrh (/mɜːr/; from an unidentified ancient Semitic language, مر; from Arabic, מוֹר /mor/; from Hebrew, see § Etymology) is a gum-resin extracted from a few small, thorny tree species of the Commiphora genus, belonging to the Burseraceae family.

Myrrh resin was traded in the ancient world, and has been used throughout history in medicine, in ritual, and to make perfume and incense. Its use is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, the New Testament and in Islamic texts, as well as by ancient historians. It is still used by certain Christian denominations for ritual purposes.
National Hard Coal Company
The National Hard Coal Company (Romanian: Compania Naționala a Huilei) was set up as a commercial society by the Government of Romania in 1998. The main headquarters of the company is placed in Petroșani, the principal city in the coal mining region of Hunedoara County's Jiu Valley.
The company has its material base in Gorj, Hunedoara and Mehedinți counties with total reserves of 350 million tonnes of coal.

The annual production is around 3 million tonnes of bituminous coal  and the total number of employees is around 12,000.

Mehedinți County
Mehedinți County (Romanian pronunciation: [meheˈdint͡sʲ] ⓘ) is a county (Romanian: județ) of Romania on the border with Serbia and Bulgaria. It is mostly located in the historical province of Oltenia, with one municipality (Orșova) and three communes (Dubova, Eșelnița, and Svinița) located in the Banat. The county seat is Drobeta-Turnu Severin.
Utyaganovo, Karmaskalinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan
Utyaganovo (Russian: Утяганово; Bashkir: Үтәгән, Ütägän) is a rural locality (a selo) in Novokiyeshkinsky Selsoviet, Karmaskalinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 438 as of 2010. There are 6 streets.

Karmaskalinsky District
Karmaskalinsky District (Russian: Кармаскали́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Ҡырмыҫҡалы районы, Qırmıśqalı rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders with Ufimsky and Iglinsky Districts in the north, Arkhangelsky District in the east, Gafuriysky District in the southeast, Aurgazinsky District in the south, Davlekanovsky District in the southwest, and with Chishminsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,750 square kilometers (680 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Karmaskaly. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 51,504, with the population of Karmaskaly accounting for 16.6% of that number.