hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
CLASS B1152+199
CLASS B1152+199 is a gravitationally lensed quasar located in the constellation of Leo. It has a redshift of (z) 1.018 and it was first discovered during the Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey by astronomers in 1999, alongside CLASS B1359+154.

Gravitational lens
A gravitational lens is matter, such as a cluster of galaxies or a point particle, that bends light from a distant source as it travels toward an observer. The amount of gravitational lensing is described by Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity. If light is treated as corpuscles travelling at the speed of light, Newtonian physics also predicts the bending of light, but only half of that predicted by general relativity.

Orest Khvolson (1924) and Frantisek Link (1936) are generally credited with being the first to discuss the effect in print, but it is more commonly associated with Einstein, who made unpublished calculations on it in 1912 and published an article on the subject in 1936.

In 1937, Fritz Zwicky posited that galaxy clusters could act as gravitational lenses, a claim confirmed in 1979 by observation of the Twin QSO SBS 0957+561.
Marcel Vandernotte
Marcel Henri Vandernotte (29 July 1909 – 15 December 1993) was a French rower who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics and in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Nantes. He was the younger brother of Fernand Vandernotte and the uncle of Noël Vandernotte. In 1932 he was eliminated with his brother Fernand in the repechage of the coxed pair event. Four years later he won the bronze medal as crew member of the French boat in the coxed four competition.

Rowing at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Men's coxed four
The men's coxed four competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin took place are at Grünau on the Langer See. It was held from 12 to 14 August. There were 16 boats (80 competitors) from 16 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by Germany, the second time the nation had won two consecutive gold medals in the men's coxed four (1900 and 1912 was the first; Switzerland also accomplished the feat in 1920 and 1924). Germany's four gold medals overall was the most any nation won in the event before it was discontinued; four nations (including two German teams, the United Team of Germany and East Germany) won two. Switzerland, which had won three straight medals in the 1920s before not competing in 1932, returned to the podium with a silver medal. Bronze went to France, the nation's first medal in the event since 1924. Both Italy (11th place) and Poland (9th place) had two-Games medal streaks broken.
Moominvalley (soundtrack)
Moominvalley is the soundtrack to the animated family drama series Moominvalley. In September 2018, it was announced that Gutsy Animations made a deal with Sony Music to have the label's artists contribute original songs for each episode. The track listing for the soundtrack was revealed on 25 January 2019. Danish singer Mø sings the theme song "I'm Far Away" for the series. The series includes tracks from artists such as Tom Odell, First Aid Kit, and Alma. The theme song and "Starlight" by Alma were released from the soundtrack on February 22, 2019. "Summer Day" by Tom Odell was released on April 5, 2019. The soundtrack was released on April 19, 2019, through Columbia Records.

First Aid Kit (band)
First Aid Kit is a Swedish folk duo consisting of the sisters Johanna and Klara Söderberg, born in 1990 and 1993 respectively. When performing live, they are accompanied by a drummer, a guitarist and a keyboard player. First Aid Kit started to become internationally known in 2008 with their YouTube uploaded cover of the Fleet Foxes' song "Tiger Mountain Peasant Song". In 2012 Rolling Stone magazine had their song "Emmylou" as 10th on their "Single of the Year" list. First Aid Kit has released five albums, four EPs and several singles. In 2015, they were nominated for a Brit Award as one of the five best international groups. They were nominated again in 2019 and 2023.
Jahaj Mandir
Jahaj Mandir is a Jain temple in the village of Mandwala in the Jalore district, Rajasthan, India. The temple is built in the shape of a boat and is carved from marble. The temple was founded in 1993 for the religion of Jainism.

On 9 May 1993, the foundation stone of the temple was laid at Mandawala. On 30 January 1999, the temple was built in the shape of a ship. In temple, there are 24 Tirthankaras here. There is a temple. Idols of all the Tirthankaras of Jainism have been made, which are made of diamonds, gems, pearls, emeralds, rubies etc.

Jalore district
Jalore district is a district of Rajasthan state in western India. The city of Jalore is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district has an area of 10,640 km2 (4,108 sq mi) (3.11 percent of Rajasthan's area), and a population of 1,828,730 (2011 census), with a population density of 136 persons per square kilometre.
Bolesław I of Masovia
Bolesław I of Masovia (Polish: Bolesław I Mazowiecki; 1208 – ca. 25 February 1248), was Polish prince member of the Polish House of Piast, Duke of Sandomierz (only a part) during 1229–1232, Duke of Dobrzyń during 1233-1247 and Duke over whole Masovia during 1247–1248.

He was the second son of Konrad I of Masovia and Agafia of Rus. He was probably named after his great-grandfather, Bolesław III Wrymouth. The death of his older brother Przemysł in 1228 left him as the eldest surviving child of his family.

Piast dynasty
The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I (c. 960–992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of King Casimir III the Great.

Branches of the Piast dynasty continued to rule in the Duchy of Masovia (until 1526) and in the Duchies of Silesia until the last male Silesian Piast died in 1675. The Piasts intermarried with several noble lines of Europe, and possessed numerous titles, some within the Holy Roman Empire. The Jagiellonian kings ruling after the death of Casimir IV of Poland were also descended in the female line from Casimir III's daughter.
Contempo: A Review of Books and Personalities
Contempo, A Review of Books and Personalities was a "literary and social commentary" published by Milton A. Abernethy and Anthony Buttitta at Chapel Hill, North Carolina from 1931 to 1934. Though less well-known than some of its contemporaries, Contempo fits into the tradition of the "Little Magazine," a group of elite literary magazines pervasive in the first decades of the twentieth century.

Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Chapel Hill is a town in the counties of Orange and Durham, North Carolina, United States. Its population was 61,960 in the 2020 United States census, making Chapel Hill the 17th-most populous municipality in the state. Chapel Hill and Durham make up the Durham–Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 608,879 in 2023. When it is combined with Raleigh, the state capital, they make up the corners of the Research Triangle (officially the Raleigh–Durham–Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area), which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.

The town was founded in 1793 and is centered on Franklin Street, covering 21.3 square miles (55 km2). It contains several districts and buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and UNC Health Care are a major part of the economy and town influence. Local artists have created many murals in the town.
Legislative Affairs Commission
The Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress is a working organ of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC), the permanent organ of the NPC.

The Legislative Affairs Commission was first established in 1979 to assist in rebuilding China's legal system after the Cultural Revolution, and assumed its current form in 1983. The LAC has wide-ranging responsibilities, including drafting the NPCSC's annual and five-year legislative plans, drafting legislative bills, and gathering opinions on draft bills.

Permanent organ of the supreme state organ of power
The permanent organ is elected at the constitutive session of a new electoral term of the supreme state organ of power (SSOP), which holds the unified powers of the state. Since the supreme state organ of power only convenes for a few days each year, most of its duties are delegated to its permanent organ, which can meet up to several times a month. The most common names given to these organs are Standing Committee, Presidium, State Council, and Council of State. In most cases, the permanent organ of the supreme state organ of power was designated as the collective head of state. In some countries, such as in the Socialist Republic of Romania and the People's Republic of Angola, the state president as head of state served ex officio as chairman of the permanent organ.
Rosboro, Arkansas
Rosboro (formerly Rosborough) is an unincorporated community in Clark Township, Pike County, Arkansas, United States.

The community is located in northeast Pike County on Arkansas Highway 8. Amity in adjacent Clark County is three miles to the southeast and Glenwood is three miles to the northwest at the intersection of Highway 8 with US Route 70. The Caddo River flows past about one mile to the northeast.

Arkansas Highway 8
Arkansas Highway 8 (AR 8) is a designation for four state highways in lower Arkansas. One segment runs from the Oklahoma state line east to US 59/US 71 in Mena. A second segment runs from US 59/US 71 in Mena east to US 63 in Warren. A third segment runs from US 63 at Carmel east to US 65 in Eudora. A fourth segment runs from US 65 south of Eudora to US 65 at Arkla.
Cloud 9: The 3 Day High
Cloud 9: The 3 Day High is a collaborative album from Brooklyn rapper Skyzoo and North Carolina producer 9th Wonder. It was released on September 12, 2006 on Traffic Entertainment. Cloud 9: The 3 Day High reportedly took a total of three days to complete from start to finish. The EP became an underground favorite and garnered Skyzoo media write ups in outlets such as XXL, The Source, Vibe, AllHipHop.com, HipHopDX.com, and  HipHopGame.com.

Vibe (magazine)
Vibe is an American music and entertainment magazine founded by producers David Salzman and Quincy Jones. The publication predominantly features R&B and hip hop music artists, actors and other entertainers. After shutting down production in the summer of 2009, it was purchased by the private equity investment fund InterMedia Partners, then issued bi-monthly with double covers and a larger online presence. The magazine's target demographic is predominantly young, urban followers of hip hop culture. In 2014, the magazine discontinued its print version.

The magazine features a broader range of interests than its closest competitors The Source and XXL, which focus more narrowly on rap music, or the rock- and pop-centric Rolling Stone and Spin. The May 1998 Vibe article "Racer X" by Ken Li is credited as the basis for the 2001 film The Fast and the Furious and the resulting franchise.
Leonardo Maia
Leonardo Maia (born December 4, 1980) is a Brazilian former racing driver.

He began racing professionally in the Barber Dodge Pro Series in 2001 and he won the series championship in 2003. In 2004, he moved to the Infiniti Pro Series (now Indy Lights) for Brian Stewart Racing and finished fifth in the championship with a pair of third place finishes. The following year he made two Toyota Atlantic starts for Jensen MotorSport and he participated full-time in 2006 for Forsythe Championship Racing, finishing ninth in points with a best finish of fifth (twice). He retired from professional racing afterwards.

Forsythe Championship Racing
Forsythe Championship Racing was an American racing team that competed in the Champ Car World Series owned by Gerald Forsythe. The Champ Car effort ceased operations after the 2008 unification of North American open wheel racing. The team won the 2003 championship with driver Paul Tracy.
South Gosforth TMD
South Gosforth Traction Maintenance Depot is a vehicle cleaning, maintenance and stabling facility used by the Tyne and Wear Metro, located in Gosforth, Newcastle upon Tyne in Tyne and Wear, England.

The depot is located in a triangle of land between Longbenton, Regent Centre and South Gosforth, and can be accessed by trains from both east and west. There is also a depot avoiding line running from east to west, which is not regularly used in public service.

Gosforth
Gosforth is an area of Newcastle upon Tyne, in Tyne and Wear, England, situated north of the city centre. It constituted a separate urban district of Northumberland from 1895 until 1974 before officially merging with the city of Newcastle upon Tyne. In 2001, it had a population of 23,620.

The Ouseburn divides Gosforth from High Heaton and Longbenton to the east, while the smaller Craghall Burn forms the boundary with Jesmond and the Town Moor to the south. Kenton and Coxlodge lie to the west. There are four electoral wards on Newcastle City Council that include parts of Gosforth: Dene and South Gosforth, Fawdon and West Gosforth, Gosforth, and Parklands.
Acerronia gens
The gens Acerronia or Aceronia was a minor plebeian family at Rome during the late Republic and early Empire.  The most distinguished member of the gens was Gnaeus Acerronius Proculus, consul in AD 37.  A number of Acerronii are known from inscriptions.

Bruttians
The Bruttians (Latin: Bruttii or Brettii) were an ancient Italic people. They inhabited the southern extremity of Italy, from the frontiers of Lucania to the Sicilian Straits and the promontory of Leucopetra. This roughly corresponds to the modern region of Calabria.

Occupying originally the mountains and hills of modern Calabria, they were the southernmost branch of the Osco-Umbrian Italic tribes, and were ultimately descended from the Samnites through the process of ver sacrum.

They are remembered as pillagers and conquerors of the ancient Greek poleis in Magna Graecia and brave rebels of the Romans.

The Museo dei Brettii e degli Enotri in Cosenza contains much recent data on the Bruttii.
Pericyma mendax
Pericyma mendax is a moth of the  family Erebidae. It is found most countries in subtropical Africa south of the Sahara, in Cape Verde, Mauritius, La Réunion and Madagascar.

It has a wingspan of approx. 40mm.  Host plants of the larvae are Acacia mearnsii and Acacia sp. Fabaceae

Acacia mearnsii
Acacia mearnsii, commonly known as black wattle, late black wattle or green wattle, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is usually an erect tree with smooth bark, bipinnate leaves and spherical heads of fragrant pale yellow or cream-coloured flowers followed by black to reddish brown pods. In some other parts of the world, it is regarded as an invasive species.
Tulbaghia coddii
Tulbaghia coddii is a geophyte plant belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family. The species is endemic to Mpumalanga and appears from Mariepskop to Mount Sheba and Graskop. It currently has a range of 272 km² and in the past has lost large parts of its habitat to plantations. More than 80% of its remaining habitat is in protected areas such as the Blyde River Canyon and the population is currently stable. The plant is considered rare.

Storage organ
A storage organ is a part of a plant specifically modified for storage of energy 
(generally in the form of carbohydrates) or water. Storage organs often grow underground, where they are better protected from attack by herbivores. Plants that have an underground storage organ are called geophytes in the Raunkiær plant life-form classification system. Storage organs often, but not always, act as perennating organs which enable plants to survive adverse conditions (such as cold, excessive heat, lack of light or drought).
Niumalu Beach Park
Niumalu Beach Park is a county beach park in the district of Niumalu on the south-east coast of the island of Kauaʻi in the Hawaiian Islands.
It is located on Nāwiliwili Bay, about 2.2 miles (3.5 km) south of Līhuʻe. The Hulēʻia National Wildlife Refuge is adjacent to the west, and Nāwiliwili Beach Park and harbor are adjacent to the east. Through much of the 19th century, it was home of Paul Kanoa, his son Paul P. Kanoa (both were Royal Governor of Kauaʻi), and family.
The hill above the beach later became county offices and then Kauai High School. For a while mangrove trees were taking over the beach. The Boy Scouts were part of the clean-up crew who volunteered to renovate the beach in 2014.

Kauai High School
Kauai High School is a public high school in Līhuʻe, Hawaii. It is named after the island of Kauaʻi and is part of the Hawaii Department of Education.

Kauai High School serves students from ninth through twelfth grades. It was the first public high school on Kauaʻi and has a rich history, a wide variety of programs, and many notable alumni. It began operating in 1914 and graduated its first class, consisting of one out of seven students, in 1919. Since then, the school has grown each year with an increasing number of students.
South Central Ambulance Service
The South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (SCAS) is the ambulance service for the counties of Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire and most of Hampshire. It is a foundation trust of the National Health Service, and one of ten NHS ambulance trusts in England. As of August 2022, SCAS is currently rated Inadequate by the CQC following multiple failings within the trust. SCAS is the only Ambulance Service in England to have received this rating.

Care Quality Commission
The Care Quality Commission (CQC) is an executive non-departmental public body of the Department of Health and Social Care of the United Kingdom. It was established in 2009 to regulate and inspect health and social care providers in England. It was formed from three predecessor organisations:

the Healthcare Commission

the Commission for Social Care Inspection

the Mental Health Act Commission

The CQC's stated role is to make sure that hospitals, care homes, dental and general practices and other care services in England provide people with safe, effective and high-quality care, and to encourage those providers to improve. It carries out this role through checks during the registration process which all new care services must complete, as well as through inspections and monitoring of a range of data sources that can indicate problems with services.

Part of the commission's remit is protecting the interests of people whose rights have been restricted under the Mental Health Act.
A Dinner Under Difficulties
A Dinner Under Difficulties (French: Salle à manger fantastique) is an 1899 French silent trick film by Georges Méliès. It was sold by Méliès's Star Film Company and is numbered 171 in its catalogues. The film is a simple sketch in which a man accidentally knocks over his dining table, sending his meal to the floor. The problem is solved when, by magic, the table and its contents fly in backward motion back into place.

The film features Méliès's first known use of reverse motion, a special effect probably created by cranking the camera backward. Prints of A Dinner Under Difficulties survive at the British Film Institute and the George Eastman Museum.

George Eastman Museum
The George Eastman Museum, also referred to as George Eastman House and the International Museum of Photography and Film, is a photography museum, located on the grounds of the George Eastman's estate in Rochester, New York. Opened to the public in 1949, is the oldest museum dedicated to photography and one of the world's oldest film archives.

Known for its collections in the fields of photography and cinema, the museum is also a leader in film preservation and photograph conservation, educating archivists and conservators from around the world. Home to the 500-seat Dryden Theatre, the museum is located on the estate of entrepreneur and philanthropist George Eastman, the founder of Eastman Kodak Company. The estate was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1966.
Oscar Olsen
Oscar Olsen (23 September 1908 – 4 December 2004) was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from the Market towns of Vest-Agder and Rogaland counties in 1945, but was not re-elected in 1949. Instead he served as a deputy representative during the terms 1950–1953 and 1961–1965.

Olsen was born in Kristiansand and was a member of the Kristiansand municipality council from 1947 to 1963 and 1975 to 1979, and served as mayor 
in the period 1963–1966.

Market towns of Vest-Agder and Rogaland counties
The Market towns of Vest-Agder and Rogaland counties (Norwegian: Kjøpstedene i Vest-Agder og Rogaland fylker) was an electoral district for parliamentary elections in Norway. It comprised the market towns (Norwegian: kjøpsteder) of Flekkefjord, Kristiansand and Mandal in Vest-Agder county and Haugesund and Stavanger in Rogaland county.

The district was established ahead of the 1921 Norwegian parliamentary election following the change from single member constituencies to plural member constituencies in 1919.

Following changes in the national policy on market towns in 1952, these electoral districts were abolished ahead of the 1953 Norwegian parliamentary election. Instead, each county became one electoral district, and for election purposes the towns were integrated into their respective counties.
Recall election
A recall election (also called a recall referendum, recall petition or representative recall) is a procedure by which voters can remove an elected official from office through a referendum before that official's term of office has ended. Recalls appear in the constitution in ancient Athenian democracy. Even where they are legally available, recall elections are only commonly held in a small number of countries including Peru, Ecuador, Taiwan, and Japan. They are considered by groups such as ACE Electoral Knowledge Network as the most rarely used form of direct democracy.

Jim Holperin
James C. Holperin (born December 18, 1950) is a retired American politician from Vilas County, Wisconsin.  He represented northern Wisconsin for 16 years in the Wisconsin Legislature, serving 4 years in the Wisconsin Senate (2009–2012) and 12 years in the State Assembly (1983–1995).  He also served as secretary of the Wisconsin Department of Tourism during the first term of Governor Jim Doyle, from 2003 to 2007.  He is the only state legislator in history to face two recall elections (1990 and 2011), surviving both.
Olga Tankina
Olga Tankina (born 20 January 1994) is a Kazakhstani handball player who plays for the club Almaty Handball. She is member of the Kazakhstani national team and competed at the 2015 World Women's Handball Championship in Denmark.

Kazakhstan women's national handball team
The Kazakhstan women's national handball team is the national handball team of Kazakhstan and takes part in international handball competitions.

The team's first world championship was at the 2007 World Women's Handball Championship in France, where they finished 18th. They also participated in the 2009 World Women's Handball Championship in China, finishing 22nd. At the 2011 World Women's Handball Championship in Brazil they finished 19th.

They won the title at the 2002 and 2010 Asian Women's Handball Championship.