hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stizhok
Stizhok (Ukrainian: Стіжок) is a village in Ukraine, Ternopil Oblast, Kremenets Raion, Shumsk urban hromada.  After the liquidation of the Shumsk Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Kremenets Raion.

Kremenets Raion
Kremenets Raion (Ukrainian: Кременецький район) is a raion (district) in Ternopil Oblast of western Ukraine. The administrative center is the city of Kremenets. Population: 140,063 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast was reduced to three, and the area of Kremenets Raion was significantly expanded. Two abolished raions, Lanivtsi and Shumsk Raions, as well as a part of one more abolished raion, Zbarazh Raion, and the city of Kremenets, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Kremenets Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 45,884 (2020 est.).
Jean-Claude Haelewyck
Jean-Claude Haelewyck (born in 1952) is a Belgian professor emeritus, semiticist, researcher in the fields of the Old Latin Versions of the Bible and Syriac Studies at Centre d’Études Orientales in Institut Orientaliste de Louvain, Université catholique de Louvain and director of FNRS (Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique).

Semitic studies
Semitic studies, or Semitology, is the academic field dedicated to the studies of Semitic languages and literatures and the history of the Semitic-speaking peoples. A person may be called a Semiticist or a Semitist, both terms being equivalent.

It includes Assyriology, Aramaic, Arabic, Hebraic, and Ethiopian studies, as well as comparative studies of Semitic languages aiming at the reconstruction of Proto-Semitic.
Bagalkot railway station
Bagalkot Junction railway station (station code: BGK) is a railway station in the Hubli railway division of South Western Railway in Bagalkote district, Karnataka, India. The station lies on the Gadag–Hotgi railway line, which serves Bagalkote and nearby towns with 3 platforms and was converted from meter gauge to broad gauge in December 2008.  A new line is being constructed between Bagalkote and Kudachi. Railway stations have amenities such as a computerized reservation office, waiting room, retiring room book stall. It is a B category railway station.

South Western Railway zone
The South Western Railway (abbreviated SWR) is one of the 19 railway zones of Indian Railways, headquartered at Hubballi in the Indian state of Karnataka. SWR was created from carving out the routes from Southern Railways, South Central Railways and Central Railways in 2003.
Colorado State Highway 23
State Highway 23 (SH 23) is a 17.7-mile (28.5 km) state highway in Phillips and Sedgwick counties in the northeastern corner of Colorado, United States, that connects U.S. Route 385 (US 385) in Holyoke with Nebraska Highway 23 (N-23) in Nebraska.

Holyoke, Colorado
Holyoke is the home rule municipality that is the county seat of and the most populous municipality in Phillips County, Colorado, United States.  As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 2,346.
Pakodanomics
Pakodanomics refers to the economic policies instituted in India to encourage self employment and entrepreneurship. This expression originated during an exclusive interview by Zee Media of the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, with regards to answering the queries in relation to game changing economic reforms. Since then, this particular utterance has made its rounds within the Indian subcontinent and has received blazing criticism from the members of the Opposition members as well as economic commentators.

The term 'Pakodanomics' has been coined by columnist Vivek Kaul, who also prefers the term bondanomics.

Zee News
Zee News is an Indian Hindi-language right-wing news channel owned by Subhash Chandra's Essel Group. It launched on 27 August 1999 and is the flagship channel of the Zee Media Corporation.

The channel has been involved in several controversies and has broadcast fabricated news stories on multiple occasions. The channel has been subjected to an ongoing criminal defamation case against legislator Mahua Moitra as of March 2020.
V. Sivayogan
Velupillai Sivayogan (Tamil: வேலுப்பிள்ளை சிவயோகன்) is a Sri Lankan Tamil engineer, politician and provincial councillor.

Sivayogan contested the 2013 provincial council election as one of the Tamil National Alliance's candidates in Jaffna District and was elected to the Northern Provincial Council. After the election he was appointed to assist the Chief Minister on housing, roads, bridges and ferries. He took his oath as provincial councillor in front of Chief Minister C. V. Vigneswaran at Veerasingam Hall on 11 October 2013.

Veerasingam Hall
Co-operator Veerasingam Hall (Tamil: கூட்டுறவாளர் வீரசிங்கம் மண்டபம், Sinhala: වීරසිංහම් ශාලාව; commonly known as Veerasingam Hall) is a public hall/office building in the city of Jaffna in northern Sri Lanka. The hall is the main venue for conferences, conventions and cultural events in the north of the country. It was named after V. Veerasingam, the first president of the Federation of Co-operative Societies, Jaffna District. Veerasingam had been principal of Manipay Hindu College before becoming MP for Vaddukoddai.
2025 Guadalajara 125 Open – Singles
Alexandra Eala won the singles title at the 2025 Guadalajara 125 Open, defeating Panna Udvardy in the final, 1–6, 7–5, 6–3, becoming the first Filipina ever to win a Challenger-level WTA title.

Kamilla Rakhimova was the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Victoria Jiménez Kasintseva.

Maria Kozyreva
Maria Alexandrovna Kozyreva (Russian: Мария Александровна Козырева, born 22 May 1999) is a Russian tennis player.

She played college tennis for Saint Mary’s College of California and has been ranked as high as No. 15 in NCAA Division I singles.

Kozyreva claimed her first singles title in 2024 at the W50 event in São Paulo, Brazil. In 2025, she captured eight doubles titles, including four WTA 125 titles alongside partner Iryna Shymanovich.
Ashfaq Hussain
Ashfaq Hussain Zaidi, PP, (born 1 January 1951) is a Pakistani Urdu poet and author of more than 10 books of poetry and literary criticism.  He is considered at least by one commentator to be an expert on the life and works of Urdu poets Faiz Ahmed Faiz, Ahmad Faraz and also on the Progressive Writers Movement.

Progressive Writers' Movement
The Progressive Writers' Association or the Progressive Writers' Movement of India or Anjuman Tarraqi Pasand Mussanafin-e-Hind (Urdu:  انجمن ترقی پسند مصنفینِ ہند) or Akhil Bhartiya Pragatishil Lekhak Sangh (Hindi: अखिल भारतीय प्रगतिशील लेखक संघ) was a progressive literary movement in pre-partition British India. Some branches of this writers' group existed around the world besides in India and Pakistan.

These groups were anti-imperialistic and left-oriented, and sought to inspire people through their writings advocating equality among all humans and attacking social injustice and backwardness in the society.

According to the Dawn newspaper, the "Progressive Writers Movement in Urdu literature was the strongest movement after Sir Syed's education movement. The progressives contributed to Urdu literature some of the finest pieces of fiction and poetry. Undoubtedly, they were the trend-setters for the coming generation of writers."
Al Picard
Albert Patrick Picard (March 17, 1923 – July 1, 2019) was a Canadian ice hockey player with the Sudbury Wolves. He won a silver medal at the 1949 World Ice Hockey Championships in Stockholm, Sweden. He also played professionally with the Buffalo Bisons, Dallas Texans, Oakland Oaks, Houston Skippers, Houston Huskies, and Vancouver Canucks.

Sudbury Wolves
The Sudbury Wolves are an Ontario Hockey League (OHL) ice hockey team based in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.

Sudbury has had various hockey teams competing at the junior and senior ice hockey levels of the game known as the "Wolves" (or "Cub Wolves") nearly every year since around the time of World War I. The current junior franchise came into existence in 1972 when local businessman Mervin "Bud" Burke purchased the Niagara Falls Flyers and relocated the team to Sudbury.

The current franchise has never won the Memorial Cup, nor has it captured the J. Ross Robertson Cup. Despite this lack of championships, the team has been one of the top development franchises in major junior over its history, with over 120 players drafted in to the National Hockey League (NHL) since 1973. The Wolves have been a central part of Sudbury's history for decades, and the team is among the most iconic junior hockey franchises in all of North America.
Infinite product
In mathematics, for a sequence of complex numbers a1, a2, a3, ... the infinite product

is defined to be the limit of the partial products a1a2...an as n increases without bound. The product is said to converge when the limit exists and is not zero. Otherwise the product is said to diverge.  A limit of zero is treated specially in order to obtain results analogous to those for infinite sums. Some sources allow convergence to 0 if there are only a finite number of zero factors and the product of the non-zero factors is non-zero, but for simplicity we  will not allow that here. If the product converges, then the limit of the sequence an as n increases without bound must be 1, while the converse is in general not true.

The best known examples of infinite products are probably some of the formulae for π, such as the following two products, respectively by Viète (Viète's formula, the first published infinite product in mathematics) and John Wallis (Wallis product):

John Wallis
John Wallis (/ˈwɒlɪs/; Latin: Wallisius; 3 December [O.S. 23 November] 1616 – 8 November [O.S. 28 October] 1703) was an English clergyman and mathematician, who is given partial credit for the development of infinitesimal calculus.

Between 1643 and 1689 Wallis served as chief cryptographer for Parliament and, later, the royal court. He is credited with introducing the symbol ∞ to represent the concept of infinity. He similarly used 1/∞ for an infinitesimal. He was a contemporary of Isaac Newton and one of the greatest intellectuals of the early modern mathematics.
El Dorado, Arkansas
El Dorado (locally /ɛl dʌˈreɪdoʊ/ el durr-AY-doh) is a city in and the county seat of Union County, on the southern border of Arkansas, United States. According to the 2020 census, the population of the city is 17,755.

El Dorado is headquarters of the Arkansas Oil and Gas Commission as well as Murphy USA, Deltic Timber Corporation and a DelekUS oil refinery. The city has a downtown arts district, the Murphy Arts District (MAD); a community college, South Arkansas College (SouthArk); and a multi-cultural arts center, South Arkansas Arts Center (SAAC). El Dorado is the population, cultural and business center of south central Arkansas.

The city was the heart of the 1920s oil boom in the area. During World War II, it became a center of the chemical industry, which still plays a part in the economy, as do oil and timber.

CMT (American TV channel)
Country Music Television, often abbreviated to CMT, is an American pay TV network that launched on March 5, 1983. It is currently owned by Paramount Skydance Corporation through the MTV Entertainment Group unit of its networks division. CMT was the first nationally available channel devoted to country music and country music videos, with its programming also including concerts, specials, and biographies of country music stars.

Over time, the network's programming expanded to incorporate original lifestyle and reality programming, and acquired sitcoms. As of December 2023, CMT is available to approximately 56 million pay television households in the United States; down from its 2011 peak of 93 million households. The channel's headquarters are located at the Paramount Pictures lot in Los Angeles, and has additional offices in Nashville, Tennessee.
Kyle Strickler
Kyle C. Strickler (born August 3, 1983), nicknamed "the High Side Tickler", is an American professional racing driver who competes in dirt late models and modified cars. He previously competed part-time in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, driving the No. 20 Chevrolet Silverado for Young's Motorsports.

Dirt track racing
Dirt track racing is a form of motorsport held on clay or dirt surfaced banked oval racetracks. Dirt track racing started in the United States before World War I and became widespread during the 1920s and 1930s using both automobiles and motorcycles, spreading throughout Japan and often running on horse racing tracks. There are a myriad of types of race cars used, from open wheel Sprint cars and Modifieds to stock cars. While open wheel race cars are purpose-built racing vehicles, stock cars (also known as fendered cars) can be either purpose-built race cars or street vehicles that have been modified to varying degrees. There are hundreds of local and regional racetracks throughout the United States and also throughout Japan. The sport is also popular in Canada, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and the United Kingdom.
Ray Armstead
Ray Ricky Armstead (born May 27, 1960 in St. Louis, Missouri) is an American former track athlete who specialized in the 400 meters. He was a 1984 Summer Olympics gold medalist in the men's 4 × 400 meter relay. In the 1985 IAAF Grand Prix season, he won the 400 m in Rieti (time 45.24s) and
West Berlin (45.36s) and came second in the final in Rome (45.24s). In 1989 he contested the US Trials in Baton Rouge for 1989 the World Indoor Championships.
As of 2020, he was an elementary-school art teacher in the Hazelwood School District.

Visual arts education
Visual arts education is the area of learning that is based upon the kind of art that one can see, visual arts—drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, and design in jewelry, pottery, weaving, fabrics, etc. and design applied to more practical fields such as commercial graphics and home furnishings. Contemporary topics include photography, video, film, design, and computer art. Art education may focus on students creating art, on learning to criticize or appreciate art, or some combination of the two.
Story of Kunning Palace
Story of Kunning Palace (Chinese: 宁安如梦; pinyin: Níng ān rú mèng), is a 2023 Chinese television series starring Bai Lu and Zhang Linghe. It is based on the romance web novel  A Lady's Tranquility by Shi Jing. The series aired on  iQIYI from November 7, 2023 to November 25, 2023.

IQIYI
iQIYI (Chinese: 爱奇艺; pinyin: Àiqíyì, pronounced in English as eye-CHEE-yee), formerly Qiyi (奇艺; Qíyì), is a Chinese subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service owned by Baidu. Headquartered in Beijing, iQIYI primarily produces and distributes films and television series.

iQIYI is currently one of the largest online video sites in the world, with nearly 6 billion hours spent on its service each month and over 500 million monthly active users. On March 29, 2018, the company issued its initial public offering in the United States and raised $2.25 billion.
Chikurachki
Chikurachki (Russian: Чикурачки; Japanese: 千倉岳, Chikura-dake) is the highest volcano on Paramushir Island in the northern Kuril Islands. It is actually a relatively small volcanic cone constructed on a high Pleistocene volcanic edifice. Oxidized andesitic scoria deposits covering the upper part of the young cone give it a distinctive red color. Lava flows from the 1,816-metre (5,958 ft) high Chikurachki reached the sea and formed capes on the northwest coast; several young lava flows also emerge from beneath the scoria blanket on the eastern flank.

Andesite
Andesite (/ˈændəzaɪt/) is a volcanic rock of intermediate composition. In a general sense, it is the intermediate type between silica-poor basalt and silica-rich rhyolite. It is fine-grained (aphanitic) to porphyritic in texture, and is composed predominantly of sodium-rich plagioclase plus pyroxene or hornblende.

Andesite is the extrusive equivalent of plutonic diorite. Characteristic of subduction zones, andesite represents the dominant rock type in island arcs. The average composition of the continental crust is andesitic.  Along with basalts, andesites are a component of the Martian crust.

The name andesite is derived from the Andes mountain range, where this rock type is found in abundance. It was first applied by Christian Leopold von Buch in 1826.
Cudjoe Key Air Force Station
Cudjoe Key Air Force Station (earlier Cudjoe Key Missile Tracking Annex, Eglin AFB Site "No D 8") is a Formerly Used Defense Site of 68.5 acres (27.7 ha) in Monroe County, Florida, 7 mi (11 km) Northeast of Perky, Florida.

Formerly Used Defense Sites
Formerly Used Defense Sites (FUDS or FDS) are properties that were owned by, leased to, or otherwise possessed by the United States and under the jurisdiction of the United States Secretary of Defense. The term also refers to the U.S. military program created in 1986 for assessment and environmental restoration, if any, led by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
Structural fix
A structural fix refers to solving a problem or resolving a conflict by bringing about structural changes that change the underlying structures that provoked or sustain these problems. According to Thomas Heberlein such changes modify human behavior by regulating the social settings or the 'structures' in which the behavior occurs − their context. Such fixes are typically long-term opposed to temporary and require open and in-depth inquiry for the root structural causes of a problem and understanding of a system. Effectively changing norms would be an example of a structural fix. Often structural fixes involve a change of incentives.

Conflict resolution
Conflict resolution is conceptualized as the methods and processes involved in facilitating the peaceful ending of conflict and retribution. Committed group members attempt to resolve group conflicts by actively communicating information about their conflicting motives or ideologies to the rest of group (e.g., intentions; reasons for holding certain beliefs) and by engaging in collective negotiation. Dimensions of resolution typically parallel the dimensions of conflict in the way the conflict is processed. Cognitive resolution is the way disputants understand and view the conflict, with beliefs, perspectives, understandings and attitudes. Emotional resolution is in the way disputants feel about a conflict, the emotional energy. Behavioral resolution is reflective of how the disputants act, their behavior. Ultimately a wide range of methods and procedures for addressing conflict exist, including negotiation, mediation, mediation-arbitration, diplomacy, and creative peacebuilding.
Virginia Maestro
This is about artist also known as Virginia Labuat. For the musical project with The Pinker Tones, Risto Mejide and Virginia Maestro, see Labuat

Virginia Maestro Díaz (born 29 September 1982) is a Spanish singer-songwriter. She is the winner of Operación Triunfo 2008, the Spanish version of Star Academy.

In 2009, she associated herself with Labuat, a musical project with Risto Mejide, one of the judges of OT, and The Pinker Tones. Many of her recordings are thus credited to Virginia Labuat.

Star Academy
Star Academy (also known as Starmaker) is a Dutch-developed reality television talent show format. It first aired in the Netherlands as Starmaker in 2001 and has since been spun into over 30 global franchises across Europe, Asia, South America, and Africa.
1,4,7-Trithiacyclononane
1,4,7-Trithiacyclononane, also called 9-ane-S3, is the thia-crown ether with the formula (CH2CH2S)3.  This cyclic thioether is most often encountered as a tridentate ligand in coordination chemistry, where it forms transition metal thioether complexes.

9-ane-S3 forms complexes with many metal ions, including those considered hard, such as copper(II) and iron(II).  Most of its complexes have the formula [M(9-ane-S3)2]2+ and are octahedral. The point group of [M(9-ane-S3)2]2+ is S6.

Coordination complex
A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.  Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes.
USS Remus
USS LST-453 was a United States Navy LST-1-class tank landing ship used in the Asiatic-Pacific Theater during World War II. She was converted at Brisbane, Australia, into an Achelous-class repair ship, shortly after commissioning, and used in the repairing of landing craft. She was later renamed for Remus (along with Romulus, one of the legendary twin sons of Mars and the Vestal Rhea Silvia), she was the only US Naval vessel to bear the name.

Romulus and Remus
In Roman mythology, Romulus and Remus (Latin: [ˈroːmʊlʊs], [ˈrɛmʊs]) are twin brothers whose story tells of the events that led to the founding of the city of Rome and the Roman Kingdom by Romulus, following his fratricide of Remus. The image of a she-wolf suckling the twins in their infancy has been a symbol of the city of Rome and the ancient Romans since at least the 3rd century BC. Although the tale takes place before the founding of Rome in 753 BC, the earliest known written account of the myth is from the late 3rd century BC. Possible historical bases for the story, and interpretations of its local variants, are subjects of ongoing debate.
Karakoçan, Karakoçan
Karakoçan (Kurdish: Qereçan) is a village in the Karakoçan District of Elazığ Province in Turkey. Its population is 25 (2021). The village is populated by Kurds. It lies about 11 km northeast of the town Karakoçan.

Villages of Turkey
A village (Turkish: köy, karye in the Ottoman era) is the second smallest settlement unit in Turkey.

The 51 regular provinces of Turkey and 30 province-level metropolitan municipalities are divided into districts.

A 2013 reform converted all 16,803 villages in the metropolitan municipalities, into neighborhoods (Turkish: mahalle) of the districts.

Remaining villages are in the rural areas of the districts in regular provinces, and have about 8.7% of the country's population. Each village or neighborhood elects a muhtar. Some more populous villages have been incorporated as towns (Turkish: belde), but in the others, the muhtar is responsible for all village services.

As of 2023, there are 18,277 villages and 32,261 neighbourhoods in Turkey.
Boljunčica
Boljunčica is a river in inland Istria, Croatia. It discharges into the Adriatic Sea near Plomin. It is 33 kilometres (21 mi) long and it has a basin with an area of 230 square kilometres (89 sq mi). Its average discharge at the measurement station in Polje Čepić (covering 183 km2 of the basin) is 0.956 m3/s, and it can go completely dry.

Boljunčica rises on the western slopes of the Učka mountain and flows to the south. Near Polje Čepić and Potpićan, it goes underground and emerges near Plomin.

Istria
Istria (/ˈɪstriə/ IST-ree-ə; Croatian and Slovene: Istra; Italian and Venetian: Istria; Istriot: Eîstria; Istro-Romanian: Istria; Latin: Histria; Ancient Greek: Ἱστρία) is the largest peninsula within the Adriatic Sea. Located at the top of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Kvarner Gulf, the peninsula is shared by three countries: Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy, 90% of its area being part of Croatia. Most of Croatian Istria is part of Istria County.