hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dombay, Karachay-Cherkess Republic
Dombay (Russian: Домба́й; Karachay-Balkar: Доммай, Dommay) is an urban locality (a resort settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Karachayevsk in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 657.

Karachay-Balkar
Karachay–Balkar (къарачай-малкъар тил, qaraçay-malqar til), often referred to as the "mountaineer language" (тау тил, taw til) by its speakers, is a Turkic language spoken by the Karachays and Balkars in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia, European Russia, as well as by an immigrant population in Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. It is divided into two dialects: Karachay-Baksan-Chegem, which pronounces two phonemes as /tʃ/ and /dʒ/ and Malkar, which pronounces the corresponding phonemes as /ts/ and /z/. The modern Karachay–Balkar written language is based on the Karachay–Baksan–Chegem dialect. The language is closely related to Kumyk.
Oakeshott
Oakeshott is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ewart Oakeshott (1916–2002), British illustrator, collector, and amateur historian

Grace Oakeshott (1872–1929), British activist for women's rights

Isabel Oakeshott (born 1974), right-wing British political journalist and non-fiction author

Matthew Oakeshott, Baron Oakeshott of Seagrove Bay (born 1947), British Liberal Democrat politician

Michael Oakeshott (1901–1990), English philosopher

Rob Oakeshott (born 1969), Australian politician

Walter Fraser Oakeshott (1903–1987), schoolmaster and Oxford college head

Walter Fraser Oakeshott
Sir Walter Fraser Oakeshott FBA (11 November 1903 – 13 October 1987) was a Transvaal-born British schoolmaster and academic, who was Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxford. He is best known for discovering the Winchester Manuscript of Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur in 1934.
Sunday Night (American TV program)
Sunday Night, later named Michelob Presents Night Music, is a late-night television show which aired for two seasons between 1988 and 1990 as a showcase for jazz and eclectic musical artists. It was hosted by David Sanborn. Jools Holland served as Sanborn's co-host for the first season; Sanborn hosted solo for the second. The show also featured a house band of Omar Hakim (drums), Marcus Miller (bass), Philippe Saisse (keyboards), David Sanborn (saxophone), Hiram Bullock (guitar), and Jools Holland (piano). Hal Willner was the music coordinator.

Hiram Bullock
Hiram Law Bullock (September 11, 1955 – July 25, 2008) was a Japanese-born Afro American guitarist known mainly for playing in jazz funk and jazz fusion, but he also worked as a session musician in a variety of genres.
Hell to Pay (novel)
Hell to Pay is a 2002 crime novel by George Pelecanos. It is set in Washington DC and focuses on private investigator Derek Strange and his partner Terry Quinn. It is the second novel to involve the characters and is preceded by Right as Rain (2001) and followed by Soul Circus (2003), and Hard Revolution (2004).

In 2003, Hell to Pay was a finalist for the Anthony Award for Best Mystery, Barry Award for Best Novel, Shamus Award for Best Novel, and Dilys Award.

Anthony Awards
The Anthony Awards are literary awards for mystery writers presented at the Bouchercon World Mystery Convention since 1986. The awards are named for Anthony Boucher (1911–1968), one of the founders of the Mystery Writers of America.
Alpha Sports Productions
Alpha Street productions and later Alpha Sports Productions (ASP) were an Australian kit car and racing car manufacturer. It has made sports cars and open wheeler cars. Originally building cars based on the Lotus Seven but have evolved to construct their own distinctive designs.

Lotus Seven
The Lotus Seven is a sports car produced by the British manufacturer Lotus Cars (initially called Lotus Engineering) between 1957 and 1973. The Seven is an open-wheel car with two seats and an open top. It was designed by Lotus founder Colin Chapman and has been considered the embodiment of the Lotus philosophy of performance through low weight and simplicity. The original model was highly successful with more than 2,500 cars sold, due to its attraction as a road legal car that could be used for clubman racing.

After Lotus ended production of the Seven in 1973, Caterham bought the rights and today Caterham makes both kits and fully assembled cars based on the original design known as the Caterham 7.

The Lotus Seven design has spawned a host of imitations on the kit car market, generally called Sevens or Sevenesque roadsters.
Lancia Urban Bike
The Lancia Urban Bike is a concept bicycle created by Italian automaker Lancia in collaboration with MomoDesign. Its manufacturers claim that the bicycle has been designed to account for riding performance and comfort while being minimal in weight. The bike has been described as rustproof, due to its parts being made from carbon fiber, aluminum and magnesium. Its frame is designed to absorb bumps, which abates the need for a suspension system.

Momo (company)
45°27′21″N 9°08′52″E﻿ / ﻿45.455842°N 9.147737°E﻿ / 45.455842; 9.147737

MOMO Srl is a design company headquartered in Milan, Italy that makes accessories and parts for automobiles, such as alloy wheels, tires, steering wheels, seats, gear sticks. The company also has a clothing line of products that include racing suits, gloves, and shoes.
1903 Vermont Green and Gold football team
The 1903 Vermont Green and Gold football team was an American football team that represented  the University of Vermont as an independent during the 1903 college football season. In their second year under head coach Harry Howard Cloudman, the team compiled a 4–5 record.

1903 college football season
The 1903 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Michigan and Princeton as having been selected national champions.

The season took place during an era when college football was rapidly growing in popularity, with new concrete stadiums and large crowds, but also widespread concern over injuries and the violent style of play.
Samir Bekrić
Samir Bekrić (born 20 October 1984) is a Bosnian football executive and former player who played as a midfielder. He is the current coordinator of the youth school of Bosnian Premier League club Željezničar.

Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup
The Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup (Croatian: Kup Bosne i Hercegovine; Serbian: Куп Босне и Херцеговине) is a knock-out football competition contested annually by clubs from Bosnia and Herzegovina. The winner qualifies for the UEFA Conference League second qualifying round and a place in the Bosnian Supercup.

Until the 1999–2000 season, three separate cups were organized. In 1998, for the first time, Bosnia and Herzegovina got its official cup winner after the "Super final" between Sarajevo and Orašje (winners of two different cups). In the 1999–2000 season, the normal cup format was organized for the first time in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since the 2000–01 season, clubs from the entire country have been competing in the Cup.

Prior to 1992, clubs from the Bosnia and Herzegovina territory contested in the Yugoslav Cup.
Skirmish at Adamstown
The Skirmish at Adamstown was a battle recorded by Frederick H. Dyer in Dyer's Compendiumfought between "Mean's and Atwell's West Virginia Cavalry Companies" and guerilla Confederate companies in Adamstown, Frederick County, Maryland, on October 14, 1864.

According to dispatches in the Evening Star and The Daily Dispatch, three hundred of Mosby's Raiders came across the Potomac river to Adamstown, but were pushed back.

The Skirmish appears as the last battle fought in Maryland in Dyer's record. The result of the Battle was inconclusive.

The guerilla raid was notable as it was conducted the same day as Mosby's raiders conducted the Greenback raid, where they captured a train with over $200,000 in currency, as well as raided businesses in Poolesville, Maryland.

Poolesville, Maryland
Poolesville is a U.S. town in the western portion of Montgomery County, Maryland. The population was 5,742 at the 2020 United States census. It is surrounded by (but is technically not part of) the Montgomery County Agricultural Reserve, and is considered a distant bedroom community for commuters to Washington, D.C.

The name of the town comes from the brothers John Poole Sr. and Joseph Poole Sr. who owned land in what is now Poolesville.  Due to an historical anomaly, until 2010 the legal name of the town was "The Commissioners of Poolesville".  Residents overwhelmingly voted to formally change the name to "The Town of Poolesville" in the November 2010 general election.
Application performance management
In the fields of information technology and systems management, application performance management (APM) is the monitoring and management of the performance and availability of software applications. APM strives to detect and diagnose complex application performance problems to maintain an expected level of service. APM is "the translation of IT metrics into business meaning ([i.e.] value)."

The term monitoring was replaced by many tool vendors by the term Observability. Often, monitoring is seen as the technical process of data collection, whereas observability is seen as the capability to understand a systems behavior.

Gartner
Gartner, Inc. is an American research and advisory firm focusing on business and technology topics. Gartner provides its products and services through research reports, conferences, and consulting. Its clients include large corporations, government agencies, technology companies, and investment firms.
Hundt
Hundt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gustav Hundt (1894–1945), German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II

Magnus Hundt (1449–1519), German physician and theologian

Neil Hundt, American bass guitarist

Reed Hundt (born 1948), American attorney

Neil Hundt
Neil Alexander Hundt is the bass guitarist for Arthur, a side project of MxPx. Hundt is credited with being the drum technician for Yuri Ruley on MxPx album The Everpassing Moment. A year later, in 2001, he provided vocals for the songs "Party II," "Time Will Tell," and "Yuri Wakes Up Screaming" on The Renaissance EP.
Ornain
The Ornain (French pronunciation: [ɔʁnɛ̃] ⓘ) is a 116 km long river in northeastern France, right tributary of the Saulx (Seine basin). It is formed near the village Gondrecourt-le-Château by the confluence of the small rivers Ognon and Maldite. It flows generally northwest. Its course crosses the following départements and towns:

Meuse: Gondrecourt-le-Château, Ligny-en-Barrois, Bar-le-Duc, Revigny-sur-Ornain

Marne

The Ornain flows into the Saulx in Pargny-sur-Saulx. The part of the Marne-Rhine Canal between Demange-aux-Eaux and Sermaize-les-Bains runs parallel to the Ornain.

Meuse (department)
Meuse (French pronunciation: [møz] ⓘ) is a department in northeast France, named after the River Meuse. Meuse is part of the current region of Grand Est and is landlocked and borders by the French departments of Ardennes, Marne, Haute-Marne, Vosges, Meurthe-et-Moselle, and Belgium to the north. Parts of Meuse belong to Parc naturel régional de Lorraine. It had a population of 184,083 in 2019. Front lines in trench warfare during World War I ran varying courses through the department and it hosted an important battle/offensive in 1916 in and around Verdun.
Chromodoris
Chromodoris is a genus of very colourful sea slugs or dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod molluscs, and the type genus of the family Chromodorididae. Within the genus Chromodoris, there are currently 101 classified species. Species within Chromodoris are commonly found in tropical and subtropical waters, living as members of reef communities and preying primarily on sponges. A molecular phylogeny of the family Chromodorididae resulted in this genus being restricted to a smaller number of species than formerly, most of which have longitudinal black lines on the mantle. Many former members of Chromodoris were transferred to Goniobranchus

Rudolph Bergh
Rudolph Bergh (15 October 1824 – 20 July 1909), full name Ludvig Sophus Rudolph Bergh, was a Danish physician and malacologist. He worked in Copenhagen.

As a doctor his speciality was sexually transmitted diseases. In Copenhagen a hospital and a street are named after him.

Bergh was also an active malacologist, i.e. a zoologist who studies molluscs, in particular the nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropods. He had well over 90 publications in this field and took part in a scientific expedition to Indonesia. He named and described numerous species of nudibranchs.
Gagaifo o le Vao
Gagaifo o le Vao is a village on the island of Upolu in Samoa. It is on the south coast of the island, in the Lefaga ma Faleaseela Electoral Constituency (Faipule District) which forms part of the larger A'ana political district.

The population is 585.

The village is also a sub-village pito nu'u of the larger village enclave of Lefaga.

Aʻana
Aʻana is a district of Samoa. It is on the western third of Upolu island, with a small exclave (Satuimalufilufi village) surrounded by Aiga-i-le-Tai. It has an area of 193 km2 and a population (2016 Census) of 23,265. The main centre is Leulumoega.
Ed Pegg Jr.
Edward Taylor Pegg Jr. (born December 7, 1963) is an expert on mathematical puzzles and is a self-described recreational mathematician. He wrote an online puzzle column called Ed Pegg Jr.'s Math Games for the Mathematical Association of America during the years 2003–2007. His puzzles have also been used by Will Shortz on the puzzle segment of NPR's Weekend Edition Sunday. He was a fan of Martin Gardner and regularly participated in Gathering 4 Gardner conferences. In 2009, he teamed up with Tom M. Rodgers and Alan Schoen to edit two Gardner tribute books.

Pegg received a master's degree in mathematics from the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, writing his thesis on the subject of fair dice. In 2000, he left NORAD to join Wolfram Research, where he collaborated on A New Kind of Science (NKS). In 2004, he started assisting Eric W. Weisstein at Wolfram MathWorld. He has made contributions to several hundred MathWorld articles. He was one of the chief consultants for Numb3rs.

Gathering 4 Gardner
Gathering 4 Gardner (G4G) is an educational foundation and non-profit corporation (Gathering 4 Gardner, Inc.) devoted to preserving the legacy and spirit of prolific writer Martin Gardner. G4G organizes conferences where people who have been inspired by or have a strong personal connection to Martin Gardner can meet and celebrate his influence. These events explore ideas and developments in recreational mathematics, magic, illusion, puzzles, philosophy, and rationality, and foster creative work in all of these areas by enthusiasts of all ages.  G4G also facilitates a related series of events called Celebration of Mind (CoM).
Partha (film)
Partha is a 2003 Indian Kannada-language romantic-action drama film directed by Om Prakash Rao featuring Sudeep and Hardeep in the lead roles. The film was released on 28 November 2003. This film is the unofficial remake of the Tamil movie Run (2002), with some plot changes. This film was released on 28 November 2003 and was a commercial failure.

Failure
Failure is the social concept of not meeting a desirable or intended objective, and is usually viewed as the opposite of success. The criteria for failure depends on context, and may be relative to a particular observer or belief system. One person might consider a failure what another person considers a success, particularly in cases of direct competition or a zero-sum game. Similarly, the degree of success or failure in a situation may be differently viewed by distinct observers or participants, such that a situation that one considers to be a failure, another might consider to be a success, a qualified success or a neutral situation.

It may also be difficult or impossible to ascertain whether a situation meets criteria for failure or success due to ambiguous or ill-defined definition of those criteria. Finding useful and effective criteria or heuristics to judge the success or failure of a situation may itself be a significant task.
Michelle Habell-Pallán
Michelle Habell-Pallán is a scholar whose works primarily focuses on Latina/o and Chicana/o cultural studies, feminist media studies, and transnational feminist theory. Michelle's works frequently explore the intersection between Chicana/Latina feminist thoughts with queer thoughts and audiovisual medias. Many of her published works explore the contribution of Chicana and Latina artist that challenge traditional gender and racial boundaries. In addition to being a scholar, she is a community activist and leader that brings together scholars, musicians, artist, and other activist on projects that explore the role of women in culture and social justice movements.

Queer studies
Queer studies, sexual diversity studies, or LGBTQ studies is the study of topics relating to sexual orientation and gender identity usually focusing on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, gender dysphoric, asexual, aromantic, queer, questioning, and intersex people and cultures.

Originally centered on LGBT history and literary theory, the field has expanded to include the academic study of issues raised in archaeology, sociology, psychiatry, anthropology, the history of science, philosophy, psychology, sexology, political science, ethics, communication, and other fields by an examination of the identity, lives, history, and perception of being queer.

Queer studies is not the same as queer theory, which is an analytical viewpoint within queer studies (centered on literary studies and philosophy) that challenges the existence of "socially constructed" categories of sexual identity.
Dov Hoenig
Dov Hoenig (born April 24, 1932) is an American film editor. He was nominated at the 66th Academy Awards for Best Film Editing for the 1993 film The Fugitive, sharing the nomination with Don Brochu, David Finfer, Dean Goodhill, Richard Nord and Dennis Virkler.

Hoenig has edited on other films, such as The Last of the Mohicans, Diamonds, Operation Thunderbolt, Manhunter, She's Out of Control, Overboard, A Perfect Murder, Under Siege and Collateral Damage. He has also been a member of the American Cinema Editors.

Hoenig is the author of a  novel, Triumph Street: Bucharest, which was named as one of the 10 best first novels by the jury of the Stanislas Prize.

A Perfect Murder
A Perfect Murder is a 1998 American crime thriller film directed by Andrew Davis and starring Michael Douglas, Gwyneth Paltrow, and Viggo Mortensen. It is a remake of Alfred Hitchcock's 1954 film Dial M for Murder, though the characters' names have been changed and much of the plot has been rewritten and altered from its original form. Loosely based on the play by Frederick Knott, the screenplay was written by Patrick Smith Kelly.
Old Red Lion, Holborn
The Old Red Lion is a pub at 72 High Holborn on the corner with Red Lion Street, Holborn, London.

The pub was established by the sixteenth century, and was rebuilt in its present form in 1899, and retains its original Victorian character.

The Red Lyon was the most important inn in Holborn, and Red Lion Street and Red Lion Square are named after it.

According to legend, in 1660, King Charles II had the bodies of Oliver Cromwell and his fellow Roundheads John Bradshaw and Henry Ireton exhumed to stage an execution of their corpses, and the bodies were stored overnight in the pub's yard en route to the gallows at Tyburn. The room upstairs is named the Cromwell Bar.

In 1621, the innkeeper of the Red Lion was indicted for his extortionate prices under statutes of 1389 (13 Rich 2 c.8) and 1402 (4 Hen 4 c.25). He was selling oats at 2s 8d a bushel, a mark-up of around 60% on the market price.

Henry Ireton
Henry Ireton (baptised 3 November 1611; died 26 November 1651) was an English general in the Parliamentarian army during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, and a son-in-law of Oliver Cromwell. He died of disease outside Limerick in November 1651.
Goudoumaria
Goudoumaria, Niger (var. Goudomaria, Gudumaria) is a Commune and town in the southeast of the country, in Diffa Region, northwest of Diffa. Goudoumaria is an administrative post in the Maine-Soroa Department, and is approximately 50 km north of the Nigerian border and approximately 50 km east of the small city Soubdou.

As of 2012, the Commune had a population of 100,559.

Mainé-Soroa Department
Mainé-Soroa is a department of the Diffa Region in Niger. Its capital lies at the city of Mainé-Soroa.

The department's population is  largely made up of ethnic Kanouris and Fula, both cultures with longstanding pastoral semi-nomadic traditions. As of 2012, the department had a total population of 131,664 people.
N40 road (Ireland)
The N40 road (commonly known as the Cork South Ring Road, or locally the South Ring) is a national primary road in Cork, Ireland. It is partial ring road skirting the southern suburbs of the city, from the N22 west of Ballincollig, via the Jack Lynch Tunnel under the River Lee, to the Dunkettle Interchange where it meets the N25 and N8/M8.  The present N40 designation was created on 23 February 2012 via statutory instrument by renaming parts of the N22 and N25. The N40 serves as both a commuter route and a bypass of the city centre for traffic between parts southwest and east.  The National Transport Strategy envisages building a  "Cork North Ring Road" to complete the circuit in the 2030s.

Ballincollig
Ballincollig (Irish: Baile an Chollaigh) is a suburban town within the administrative area of Cork city in Ireland. It is located on the western side of Cork city, beside the River Lee on the R608 road. In 2016 it was the largest town in County Cork, at which time the Ballincollig Electoral Division had a population of 18,621 people. It is located beyond the green belt from the suburbs of Bishopstown and Wilton. Historically home to the Ballincollig Royal Gunpowder Mills which is now a Regional Park, the town has seen much growth in recent years as a satellite of Cork city. In 2024, Ballincollig was named the tidiest town in Ireland.
Dibden Bay
Dibden Bay is a 229.4-hectare (567-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) between Marchwood and Hythe in Hampshire.

Most of this site was formed by deposition of material dredged from Southampton Water. It has been designated an SSSI because it has a nationally important collection of invertebrates, including 21 species which are nationally rare and another 67 which are nationally scarce. The site is also important  because of its nesting lapwings, and there are wintering wildfowl such as wigeon, teal, pintail and mallard.

Hythe, Hampshire
Hythe (/haɪð/) is a town in Hampshire, England. It is located by the shore of Southampton Water, and has a ferry service connecting it to Southampton. Hythe has a shopping area, a pier, and a marina for yachts.
Ozro Baldwin
Ozro Baldwin (c. 1836 – July 19, 1911) was a lumber merchant and political figure in Quebec. He represented Stanstead in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1886 to 1890 as a Conservative.

He was born in Barnston, Lower Canada, the son of Ira Baldwin and Susan Glover, and established himself at Dixville. In 1858, he married Nancy Piper. Baldwin served as mayor of Dixville from 1873 to 1878 and of Barford from 1885 to 1893. He died at Coaticook and was buried in Dixville.

Conservative Party of Quebec (historical)
The Conservative Party of Quebec (French: Parti conservateur du Québec) was a political party in Quebec, Canada, from 1867 until 1936, when it merged with members of the Action libérale nationale to form the Union Nationale.