hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Group cohesiveness
Group cohesiveness is the degree or strength of bonds linking members of a social group to one another and to the group as a whole. Although cohesion is a multi-faceted process, it can be broken down into four main components: social relations, task relations, perceived unity, and emotions. Members of strongly cohesive groups are more inclined to participate readily and to stay with the group.

Social relation
A social relation is the fundamental unit of analysis within the social sciences, and describes any voluntary or involuntary interpersonal relationship between two or more conspecifics within and/or between groups. The group can be a language or kinship group, a social institution or organization, an economic class, a nation, or gender. Social relations are derived from human behavioral ecology, and, as an aggregate, form a coherent social structure whose constituent parts are best understood relative to each other and to the social ecosystem as a whole.
Indwe Hospital
Indwe Hospital is a Provincial government funded hospital in Indwe in the Emalahleni Local Municipality, Eastern Cape area in South Africa.

The hospital departments include Emergency department, Out Patients Department, Paediatric ward, Maternity ward, Surgical Services, Medical Services, Operating Theatre & CSSD Services, Pharmacy, Anti-Retroviral (ARV) treatment for HIV/AIDS, Post Trauma Counseling Services, Laundry Services, Kitchen Services and Mortuary.

Central sterile services department
The central sterile services department (CSSD), also called sterile processing department (SPD), sterile processing, central supply department (CSD), or central supply, is an integrated place in hospitals and other health care facilities that performs sterilization and other actions on medical devices, equipment and consumables; for subsequent use by health workers in the operating theatre of the hospital and also for other aseptic procedures, e.g. catheterization, wound stitching and bandaging in a medical, surgical, maternity or paediatric ward.
Mariusz Kwiecień
Mariusz Kwiecień (Polish: [ˈmar-juʂ ˈkvjɛ-tɕɛɲ], born 4 November 1972) is a Polish artistic director and retired operatic baritone who sang leading roles in the major opera houses of Europe and North America. He received particular distinction in the title role of Mozart's Don Giovanni, which he sang at the Metropolitan Opera, Lyric Opera of Chicago, Vienna State Opera, Bilbao Opera, Houston Grand Opera, San Francisco Opera, Santa Fe Opera, Warsaw Opera, Royal Opera House, London, and Seattle Opera, where he won the company's 2006–07 Artist of the Year award for the role.

Grand Theatre, Warsaw
The Grand Theatre, Warsaw (Polish: Teatr Wielki w Warszawie), or the Great Theatre—National Opera  (Polish: Teatr Wielki—Opera Narodowa), is a theatre and opera complex situated on the historic Theatre Square in central Warsaw, Poland. The Warsaw Grand Theatre is home to the Polish National Ballet and has a seating capacity of over 2,000.

The Warsaw Grand Theatre was inaugurated on 24 February 1833 with a production of Rossini's The Barber of Seville. After the building's bombing and near-complete destruction in World War II, it was rebuilt and reopened on 19 November 1965 after having been closed for over twenty years. The original building was designed in a neoclassical style by architects Antonio Corazzi and Chrystian Piotr Aigner, and later restored by Bohdan Pniewski.
Brian Timpone
Brian Timpone is an American conservative businessman and former journalist who operates a network of nearly 1,300 conservative local news websites. In 2012, Timpone stated that articles on his websites are partially written by freelancers outside of the United States, although he described the writing as "domestic" in a separate interview. According to The New York Times, Timpone's "operation is rooted in deception, eschewing hallmarks of news reporting like fairness and transparency." His sites publish articles for pay from outside groups, and do not disclose it.

DonorsTrust
DonorsTrust is an American nonprofit donor-advised fund that was founded in 1999 with the goal of "safeguarding the intent of libertarian and conservative donors". As a donor-advised fund, DonorsTrust is not legally required to disclose the identity of its donors, and most of its donors remain anonymous. It distributes funds to various conservative and libertarian 501(c)(3) organizations.

It is affiliated with Donors Capital Fund, another donor-advised fund. In September 2015, Lawson Bader was announced as the new president of both DonorsTrust and Donors Capital Fund. Bader was formerly president of the Competitive Enterprise Institute and vice president at the Mercatus Center.
Verneuil method
The Verneuil method (or Verneuil process or Verneuil technique), also called flame fusion, was the first commercially successful method of manufacturing synthetic gemstones, developed in the late 1883  by the French chemist Auguste Verneuil. It is primarily used to produce the ruby, sapphire and padparadscha varieties of corundum, as well as the diamond simulants rutile, strontium titanate and spinel. The principle of the process involves melting a finely powdered substance using an oxyhydrogen flame, and crystallising the melted droplets into a boule. The process is considered to be the founding step of modern industrial crystal growth technology, and remains in wide use to this day.

Edmond Frémy
Edmond Frémy (French: [fremi]; 28 February 1814 – 3 February 1894) was a French chemist.  He is perhaps best known today for Frémy's salt, a strong oxidizing agent which he discovered in 1845.  Fremy's salt is a long-lived free radical that finds use as a standard in electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.
R366 road (Ireland)
The R366 road is a regional road in Ireland linking R362 regional road to the N63 national secondary road in Roscommon Town. It passes through the hamlets of Castlecoote and Fuerty en route. The road is 9 km (5.6 mi) long and is located entirely in County Roscommon.

Roscommon
Roscommon (/rɒsˈkɒmən/; Irish: Ros Comáin, meaning 'Saint Coman's wood'; pronounced [ɾˠɔsˠ ˈkɔmˠaːnʲ]) is the county town and the largest town in County Roscommon in Ireland. It is roughly in the centre of Ireland, near the meeting of the N60, N61 and N63 roads. The town is in a civil parish of the same name.

The name Roscommon is derived from Commán mac Faelchon who built a monastery there in the 5th century. The woods near the monastery became known as Ros Comáin (St. Coman's Wood). This was later anglicised to Roscommon. Its population at the 2022 census was 6,555.
2024 Open Sud de France – Doubles
Sadio Doumbia and Fabien Reboul defeated Albano Olivetti and Sam Weissborn in the final, 6–7(5–7), 6–4, [10–6] to win the doubles tennis title at the 2024 Open Sud de France.

Robin Haase and Matwé Middelkoop were the reigning champions, but Middelkoop chose not to participate this year. Haase partnered Petr Nouza, but lost in the semifinals to Olivetti and Weissborn.

Robin Haase
Robin Haase (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɔbɪn ˈɦaːzə]; born 6 April 1987) is a Dutch professional tennis player.
He reached his career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 33 in July 2012 and his highest doubles ranking of world No. 29 in May 2023.

In doubles, he has won ten titles on the ATP Tour, most notably the 2022 Rotterdam Open with Matwé Middelkoop. Haase reached the final of the 2013 Australian Open in doubles alongside compatriot Igor Sijsling, and has also reached four doubles finals at Masters 1000 level. He has represented the Netherlands in the Davis Cup since 2006, and also competed at the 2012 and 2016 Olympic Games.
In singles, he has won two titles, at the Austrian Open in 2011 and 2012. He also reached the semifinals of the 2017 Canadian Open, and his best Grand Slam singles result was reaching the third round at the Australian Open and Wimbledon Championships in 2011.
2000 World Grand Prix (darts)
The 2000 World Grand Prix was the third staging of the World Grand Prix darts tournament, organised by the Professional Darts Corporation. It was the first World Grand Prix to take place in Ireland, being held at the Crosbie Cedars Hotel in Rosslare, County Wexford, between 25–29 October 2000.

Phil Taylor maintained his unbeaten record in the tournament, defeating Shayne Burgess 6–1 in the final.

County Wexford
County Wexford (Irish: Contae Loch Garman) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Southern Region. Named after the town of Wexford, it was based on the historic Gaelic territory of Hy Kinsella (Uí Ceinnsealaigh), whose capital was Ferns. Wexford County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 163,527 at the 2022 census.
Vain Glory Opera
Vain Glory Opera is the third (or second "official") studio album by the German power metal band Edguy, released in 1998. It was mixed by Stratovarius' Timo Tolkki, who also played additional lead guitar on "Out Of Control", and featured additional lead and backing vocals by Hansi Kürsch of Blind Guardian on "Out of Control" and the title track "Vain Glory Opera." Further choir vocals were supplied by Ralf Zdiarstek and Norman Meiritz. At the time of recording the album, Edguy had not yet chosen a permanent drummer to succeed Dominik Storch, so session musician Frank Lindenthal, a good friend of the band, was asked to play drums on the album.

"Hymn" is a cover version of the song from the album Quartet (1982) by the British new wave band Ultravox.

Power metal
Power metal is a subgenre of heavy metal music combining characteristics of traditional heavy metal with speed metal, often within a symphonic context. Generally, power metal is characterized by a faster, lighter, and more uplifting sound, in contrast with the heaviness and dissonance prevalent in, for example, extreme metal. Power metal bands usually have anthemic songs with fantasy-based subject matter and strong choruses, thus creating a theatrical, dramatic and emotionally "powerful" sound.

The term was first used in the mid-1980s and refers to two different but related styles: the first largely practiced in North America with a harder sound similar to speed metal; and a later, more widespread and popular style based in Europe with a lighter, more melodic sound and frequent use of keyboards.
River Arrow, Wales
The River Arrow (Welsh: Afon Arwy) is a river in the Welsh Marches, rising in Powys in Wales, then flowing into the English county of Herefordshire.

It rises near Gwaunceste Hill, then flows south-east through Newchurch and Michaelchurch-on-Arrow.  It forms a short section of the England/Wales boundary, before flowing into Herefordshire, and through the town of Kington.  It proceeds east through Herefordshire, passing Lyonshall, Staunton-on-Arrow, Pembridge, Eardisland, Arrow Green, Monkland, Ivington, Broadward, and has its confluence with the River Lugg south of Leominster, at Stoke Prior.

Its tributaries include the Gilwern Brook. Others are the Honey Lake Brook, which passes through Ivington Green and Back Brook which joins the Arrow at The Meetings in Kington.

The 56 km (35 mi) Arrow Valley Trail is a long-distance footpath following the river from its source to Leominster.

Stoke Prior, Herefordshire
Stoke Prior is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Ford and Stoke Prior in Herefordshire, England, and is 2 miles (3 km) south-east from Leominster.

The village' population is included with Ford and Stoke Prior; it was 364 at the 2011 census.

Stoke Prior Community Primary School has three classes for children from the ages of 4 to 11. In a 2007 Ofsted inspection, the overall effectiveness of the school was rated as Grade 1 (Outstanding).

At the Stoke Prior Halt railway station, Stoke Prior was served by the now closed Worcester, Bromyard and Leominster Railway.

In 1961 the parish had a population of 249. On 1 April 1987 the parish was abolished and merged with Ford to form "Ford & Stoke Prior". Parts also went to Leominster and to form Docklow & Hampton Wafer.
Ziebell
Ziebell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Allie Ziebell (born 2005), American basketball player

Jack Ziebell (born 1991), Australian rules footballer

Keith Ziebell (born 1942), Australian cricketer

Allie Ziebell
Allie Ziebell (born September 21, 2005) is an American college basketball player for the UConn Huskies of the Big East Conference. She was a five-star recruit and one of the top players in the 2024 class.
Jacob Hauser
Jacob Hauser was an American poet.

His work appeared in Poetry.
He was a 1936 Guggenheim Fellow.
In 1948, he mimeographed poems, which he gave away.

He criticed Modernist literature as

anti-democracy...[which] tolerates no departure from its inflexible requirement of distorted, pathological incoherence. leading warriors and agents of the Revolution ... founded the court wherein all literary aspirants and offenders are tried and sentenced according to a code in whose making they had no share.... The verdict of ‘Literary decapitation!’ will issue inexorably.

Mimeograph
A mimeograph machine (the term often being abbreviated to mimeo), sometimes called a stencil duplicator or stencil machine, is a low-cost duplicating machine that works by forcing ink through a stencil onto paper. The process is called mimeography, and a copy made by the process is a mimeograph.

Mimeographs, along with spirit duplicators and hectographs, were common technologies for printing small quantities of a document, as in office work, classroom materials, and church bulletins. For even smaller quantities, up to about five, a typist would use carbon paper. Early fanzines were printed by mimeograph because the machines and supplies were widely available and inexpensive. Beginning in the late 1960s and continuing into the 1980s, photocopying gradually displaced mimeographs, spirit duplicators, and hectographs.
Erik Zürcher
Erik Zürcher (13 September 1928, in Utrecht – 7 February 2008, in Warmond) was a Dutch Sinologist. From 1962 to 1993, Zürcher was a professor of history of East Asia at Leiden University. He was also Director of the Sinological Institute, between 1975 and 1990. His Chinese name was Xǔ Lǐhe (许理和).

History of East Asia
The history of East Asia generally encompasses the histories of China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, and Taiwan from prehistoric times to the present. Each of its countries has a different national history, but East Asian Studies scholars maintain that the region is also characterized by a distinct pattern of historical development. This is evident in the relationships among traditional East Asian civilizations, which not only involve the sum total of historical patterns but also a specific set of patterns that has affected all or most of traditional East Asia in successive layers.
Tamil All Character Encoding
Tamil All Character Encoding (TACE16) is a scheme for encoding the Tamil script in the Private Use Area of Unicode, implementing a syllabary-based character model differing from the modified-ISCII model used by Unicode's existing Tamil implementation.

Syllabary
In the linguistic study of written languages, a syllabary is a set of written symbols that represent the syllables or (more frequently) morae which make up words.

A symbol in a syllabary, called a syllabogram, typically represents an (optional) consonant sound (simple onset) followed by a vowel sound (nucleus)—that is, a CV (consonant+vowel) or V syllable—but other phonographic mappings, such as CVC, CV- tone, and C (normally nasals at the end of syllables), are also found in syllabaries.
Reidar Lund
Reidar Lund (3 June 1897 – 19 March 1978) was a Norwegian cinematographer.

Filming his first sports event at Frogner stadion in 1920, Lund participated as a cameraman on expeditions to Novaya Zemlya in 1921 and Alaska in 1924. He was a cinematographer for his first motion picture in 1925, Himmeluret, and was especially active between 1938 and 1946, with films such as Hu Dagmar (1939), Godvakker-Maren (1940), Jeg drepte! (1942), and Kommer du, Elsa? (1944). His last motion picture was Flukt fra paradiset (1955). Then, until his retirement in 1968 he worked in the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation. He received the King's Medal of Merit in gold. He resided in Bærum.

Bærum
Bærum (Norwegian: [ˈbæ̂ːrʉm] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Greater Oslo Region in Akershus County, Norway. It forms an affluent suburb of Oslo on the west coast of the city. Bærum is Norway's fifth largest municipality with a population of 128,760 (2021). The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Sandvika. Bærum was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838.

Bærum has the highest income per capita in Norway and the highest proportion of university-educated individuals. Bærum, particularly its eastern neighbourhoods bordering West End Oslo, is one of Norway's priciest and most fashionable residential areas. The municipality has been voted the best Norwegian place to live in considering governance and public services to citizens.
1928 Aberdeen North by-election
The 1928 Aberdeen North by-election was held on Thursday, 16 August 1928. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Labour MP, Frank Herbert Rose. It was won by the Labour candidate William Wedgwood Benn.  The by-election was one of the first elections in the UK where a Communist candidate stood against Labour since Comintern had abandoned its policy of entryism, with the candidacy of Aitken Ferguson, a member of the local Trades Council, who had been the Labour candidate in the 1924 Glasgow Kelvingrove by-election.

William Wedgwood Benn, 1st Viscount Stansgate
William Wedgwood Benn, 1st Viscount Stansgate, DSO, DFC, PC (10 May 1877 – 17 November 1960) was a British Liberal politician who later joined the Labour Party. A decorated Royal Air Force officer, he was Secretary of State for India between 1929 and 1931 and Secretary of State for Air between 1945 and 1946. He was the father of Tony Benn and the paternal grandfather of Hilary Benn.
South China Global Talent Institute
South China Global Talent Institute (Chinese: 南方国际人才研究院) is a think tank focusing on the study of international talents. Headquartered in Guangzhou (Canton), the institute serves as a part of the South Start-up Service Center of the "Thousand-talent Plan", which is administered by the Organization Department of the Chinese Communist Party. The institute was officially established in October, 2012. Wang Huiyao, the Vice Chairman of the United Front Work Department's Western Returned Scholars Association (WRSA) and Director General of Center for China and Globalization, acts as the founding director.

Western Returned Scholars Association
The Western Returned Scholars Association (WRSA) is a people's organization composed mainly of returned overseas Chinese students from various countries. It is under the United Front Work Department (UFWD) of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
Ratta Matta
Ratta Matta is a town and Union council of Jhang District in the Punjab province of Pakistan located on the Jhang-Lalian road. Ratta and Matta are separate towns. Before the land reforms of Ayub Khan, Syed Waris Shah of the town held proprietorship of 12 villages, including Ratta, Matta, Hashim Wala, Rajay Wala, Khalar Awan, Panjgirain, Shergarh, Langar Awan Kay Jhugay and Pippal Bhutta. The union council contains mustard fields. There are two connected towns named Ratta, Ratta Syedan and Ratta Khokharan.

Lalian
Lalian (Punjabi: لالیاں) is a town in Lalian Tehsil of the Chiniot District in Punjab, Pakistan. It is located at 31°49'21N 72°47'50E at an altitude of 171 metres (564 feet) on the Faisalabad-Sargodha road.

Until 2009, Lalian was a town of Chiniot Tehsil which was part of Jhang District pre-2009. When Chiniot District was formed in 2009, Lalian became its tehsil.
North Central Kansas
North Central Kansas is a tourism and geographical region of the state of Kansas. It consists of 15 counties, and has a population of over 150,000. The Salina micropolitan area is part of North Central Kansas. The region stretches from the Nebraska border in the north to Russell, Ellsworth, Saline, and Dickinson Counties in the south. Its western border includes Smith, Osborne, and Russell Counties, and its eastern border Dickinson, Clay, Washington, and Marshall Counties.

Washington County, Kansas
Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas.  Its county seat and largest city is Washington.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 5,530.  The county was named for George Washington, the 1st president of the United States.
Syed Jalaludin Syed Salim
Syed Jalaludin bin Syed Salim is a Malaysian academic administrator. He was the third Vice-Chancellor of Universiti Putra Malaysia, serving from 5 June 1994 until 17 April 2001. During his tenure, UPM diversified its fields of study, especially in Science and Technology. In 1997, UPM was renamed and cast off its image as an agricultural-focused university. Currently, he is the chairman of Asia e University and chairman of Board of Governors of University College Fairview.

Asia e University
Asia e University (AeU) is a private university in Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia that offers on-campus, blended and online learning mode programmes.  An institution set in Asia, by Asians, and for Asia – founded by the Asia Cooperation Dialogue foreign ministers. Asia Cooperation Dialogue is represented by the foreign ministers of 34 Asia Pacific countries, and it aims to promote cooperation in areas like education, through projects such as Asia e University at the Islamabad 2005 and Doha 2006 Asia Cooperation Dialogue ministerial meetings.

The university is a member of the Association of Commonwealth Universities and other international higher educational organizations. The main campus is situated in Kuala Lumpur, with learning centres in most of the states of Malaysia, as well as in other countries. AeU has a network of locations to deliver undergraduate, postgraduate and executive development programmes and the foundation programmes in partnership with University of London.
Donahoe
Donahoe is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Art Donahoe (born 1940), former lawyer and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada

Eileen Donahoe, appointed by President Barack Obama as U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Human Rights Council in Geneva, Switzerland

Emily Donahoe, American actress and producer

John Donahoe (born 1960), American businessman who served as president and CEO of eBay from 2008 to 2015

Jonny Donahoe, British comedian, writer and performer

Patrick A. Donahoe, appointed Santa Clara University's 24th president

Patrick Donahoe (1811–1901), publisher who founded influential magazines for the Irish Catholic community

Patrick R. Donahoe, the 73rd United States Postmaster General, appointed in 2010

Richard Donahoe, Q.C., K.S.G. (1909–2000), Canadian lawyer and politician

Terry Donahoe (1944–2005), former Nova Scotia opposition leader, cabinet minister, and MLA

Tom Donahoe, senior director of player personnel for the Philadelphia Eagles

Patrick Donahoe
Patrick Donahoe (born Munnery, County Cavan, Ireland, 17 March 1811; died Boston, U.S.A., 18 March 1901) was a publisher who founded influential magazines for the Irish Catholic community in his adopted country.