hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Narrows
40°36′48″N 74°02′53″W﻿ / ﻿40.61333°N 74.04806°W﻿ / 40.61333; -74.04806

The Narrows is the tidal strait separating the boroughs of Staten Island and Brooklyn in New York City. It connects the Upper New York Bay and Lower New York Bay (of larger New York Bay) and forms the principal channel by which the Hudson River flowing south from upstate New York and the New England regions, empties into the Atlantic Ocean. It has long been considered to be the maritime gateway to New York City and the Northeastern United States on the East Coast of North America, and historically has been one of the most important entrances into the seaport harbors of the Port of New York and New Jersey.

Tidal strait
A tidal strait is a strait through which a tidal current flows. Tidal currents are usually unidirectional but sometimes are bidirectional. Tidal straits, though they are narrow seaways, are technically not rivers. They are frequently of tectonic origin. In them, currents develop because of elevation differences between the water basins at both ends. Tidal straits can connect seas and oceans, as well as estuarine zones.

Tides sometimes allow sediments to collect in tidal straits.
APCOM
APCOM is an important press agencies in Italy.
Founded by the Italian journalist Lucia Annunziata in 2001, is based in Rome, Italy and has offices in Budapest, Brussels, Moscow and New York City. Since its foundation has an exclusive partnership with Associated Press for Italy and Switzerland and in 2008 has signed an agreement with RIA Novosti. Is an exclusive partner in Italy of MINDS International.

In 2003 was acquired by Telecom Media News, a division of Telecom Italia Media and provide report and news for La7 and MTV Italy news programmes, teletext and websites.

On 29 April 2009 the Italian businessman Giancarlo Abete (through Gruppo Abete) acquired a majority stake (60%) in Telecom Media News.

Movement for the Intellectually Disabled of Singapore
Movement for the Intellectually Disabled of Singapore (MINDS) is a voluntary welfare organisation based in Singapore, that provides services for the intellectually disabled. MINDS was founded in 1962, and remains one of the largest charities in Singapore. Over 600 staff and 2,400 beneficiaries are a part of MINDS. Two other organisations, the Association for Persons with Special Needs and Metta School were formed as an offshoot of MINDS.
Sugar Creek (Susquehanna River tributary)
Sugar Creek is a 32.0-mile-long (51.5 km) tributary of the Susquehanna River in Bradford County, Pennsylvania in the United States.

Sugar Creek joins the Susquehanna River near the borough of Towanda.

Bradford County, Pennsylvania
Bradford County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, its population was 59,967. Its county seat is Towanda.  The county was created on February 21, 1810, from parts of Lycoming and Luzerne Counties. Originally called Ontario County, it was reorganized and separated from Lycoming County on October 13, 1812, and renamed Bradford County for William Bradford, who had been a chief justice of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court and United States Attorney General. The county is part of the Northeast region of the commonwealth.

Bradford County comprises the Sayre, Pennsylvania micropolitan statistical area.

The county is not to be confused with the city of Bradford, which is in McKean County, 141 miles to the west via U.S. Route 6.
Catarina Sarmento e Castro
Catarina Teresa Rola Sarmento e Castro (born 16 May 1970) is a Portuguese jurist and politician. As a member of the Portuguese Socialist Party (PS), she became a deputy in the Portuguese Assembly of the Republic in the January 2022 Portuguese legislative election, representing Leiria. Between 2019 and 2022 she served as Secretary of State for Human Resources and Former Combatants. A professor in the Faculty of Law at the University of Coimbra, she has also served as a judge in the Constitutional Court. She was appointed Minister of Justice in March 2022, following the 2022 Portuguese legislative election, when the PS won an overall majority, but lost the position after the March 2024 elelction, when the PS was defeated and the Democratic Alliance formed the government.

Democratic Alliance (Portugal, 2024)
The AD – PSD/CDS Coalition (Portuguese: AD – Coligação PSD/CDS, AD) is a centre-right political alliance in Portugal. Composed of the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the CDS – People's Party (CDS–PP), the alliance is a relaunch of the homonymous alliance which contested elections between 1979 and 1983. Between 2024 and 2025, it was called AD – Democratic Alliance and also included the People's Monarchist Party (PPM).
Esenboğa, Çubuk
Esenboğa, also Esenboğa Merkez, is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çubuk, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,712 (2022). It was an independent municipality until it was merged into the municipality of Çubuk in 2008.

The name of the neighbourhood comes from the village of Esenboğa (the ğ is silent), which literally means "Windflowing Bull" or "Serene Bull", the modernized form of Isen Buqa, the name of a Turkic warlord in the army of Timur who settled his troops here during the Battle of Ankara in 1402.

Warlord
Warlords are individuals who exercise military, economic, and political control over a region, often one without a strong central or national government, typically through informal control over local armed forces. Warlords have existed throughout much of history, albeit in a variety of different capacities within the political, economic, and social structure of states or ungoverned territories. The term is often applied in the context of China around the end of the Qing dynasty, especially during the Warlord Era. The term may also be used for a supreme military leader.
Rhamphomyia longicauda
Rhamphomyia longicauda, the long-tailed dance fly, is a species of fly commonly found in eastern North America that belongs to the family Empididae and part of the superfamily of dance flies Empidoidea. It is included in the subgenus Rhamphomyia. This species of fly is most known for sex role reversal during courtship, as females put on exaggerated displays and congregate in leks to attract males. Females cannot hunt for food, so they receive protein from nuptial gifts brought to them by males. Female dependence on males for nutrition is the principal cause for sex role reversal in this species of fly.

Empidoidea
The Empidoidea are a large monophyletic superfamily of true flies, the sister taxon to the Muscomorpha (Cyclorrhapha). These two groups are sometimes united in the unranked taxon Eremoneura. There are some 10,000 known species within Empidoidea, which are represented on all continents except Antarctica. They are known to have existed since the Jurassic period.

Empidoidea has been subject to much debate regarding its phylogeny. Based on morphology alone, three major hypotheses had been proposed until 2007 and seemed to be consensus for some time—however, in 2018, Wahlberg & Johanson published the most current phylogeny supported by extensive genetic data, changing the relationship between quite a few families and tribes.
28th Oklahoma Legislature
The Twenty-eighth Oklahoma Legislature was a meeting of the legislative branch of the government of Oklahoma, composed of the Oklahoma Senate and the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The state legislature met in regular session at the Oklahoma State Capitol in Oklahoma City from January 3 to July 28, 1961, during the term of Governor J. Howard Edmondson.

J. D. McCarty was elected as Speaker of the Oklahoma House of Representatives, breaking the tradition of governor-backed speakers. McCarty would go on to become Oklahoma's first three-term speaker.

Oklahoma State Capitol
The Oklahoma State Capitol is the house of government of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is the building that houses the Oklahoma Legislature and executive branch offices. It is located along Lincoln Boulevard in Oklahoma City and contains 452,508 square feet of floor area. The present structure includes a dome completed in 2002.

Oklahoma's first capital was Guthrie, Oklahoma, but it moved to Oklahoma City in 1910. Construction began on the Oklahoma State Capitol in 1914 and was completed in 1917. Originally, it housed the judicial branch of Oklahoma, but the state's high courts moved most of their operations to the Oklahoma Judicial Center in 2011, leaving only the Supreme Court Hearing Chamber in the capitol building.

The state capitol complex is the only state capitol grounds in the United States with active oil rigs.
2020–21 Albanian Cup
2020–21 Albanian Cup (Albanian: Kupa e Shqipërisë) was the sixty-ninth season of Albania's annual cup competition, the Albanian Cup. Teuta were the defending champions. Vllaznia won the cup, their seventh title in the competition.

FC Dinamo City
Football Club Dinamo City, commonly referred to as Dinamo City and colloquially known as Dinamo, is an Albanian professional football club based in Tirana. They compete in the Kategoria Superiore, the top tier of Albanian football. Founded in 1950, the club was historically affiliated to the Interior Ministry and having won 18 National Championships, it is considered to be the second most decorated club after local rivals KF Tirana.
Denny Vrandečić
Zdenko "Denny" Vrandečić (born 27 February 1978) is a Croatian computer scientist. He was a co-developer of Semantic MediaWiki and Wikidata, the lead developer of the Wikifunctions project, and an employee of the Wikimedia Foundation as a Head of Special Projects, Structured Content. He published modules for the German role-playing game The Dark Eye.

He lived in the San Francisco Bay Area in California, United States, until mid 2024, after which he returned to Stuttgart.

Rudi Studer
Rudi Studer (born 1951 in Stuttgart) is a German computer scientist and professor emeritus at KIT, Germany. He served as head of the knowledge management research group at the Institute AIFB and one of the directors of the Karlsruhe Service Research Institute (KSRI). He is a former president of the Semantic Web Science Association, an STI International Fellow, and a member of numerous programme committees and editorial boards. He was one of the inaugural editors-in-chief of the Journal of Web Semantics, a position he held until 2007. He is a co-author of the "Semantic Wikipedia" proposal which led to the development of Wikidata.
Ray Jónsson
Ray Anthony Pepito Jónsson (born 3 February 1979) is a Filipino-Icelandic former footballer and current head coach of 3. deild karla club Reynir Sandgerði. He previously played for Úrvalsdeild karla club Keflavík. In January 2015 he was signed by Global to reinforce the team for the upcoming United Football League season. A former Iceland under-21 international, he has since switched allegiance to the Philippines, making his debut in 2010. He plays mainly as a left-back but has also played as a wide midfielder and as a forward early in his career.

2015 United Football League
The 2015 United Football League was the sixth season of the UFL since its establishment as a semi-professional league in 2009. Ten teams competed in UFL Division 1 while seven teams were in Division 2.

Global were the defending champions, having won the Division 1 of the 2014 United Football League season.

Ceres outclassed Team Socceroo 6-0 on 15 July 2015 to clinch the 2015 United Football League title with two games to spare.
Alaska Mission Operations Center
The Alaska Mission Operations Center (AMOC) is a U.S. National Security Agency facility located on Joint Base Elmendorf–Richardson in Anchorage, Alaska. The facility is considered one of two "consolidated intelligence centers" and is supported by the 373d Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Group of the 70th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Wing of the U.S. Air Force. Along with the Misawa Security Operations Center (MSOC) in Japan, the AMOC provides combat intelligence to battlefield commanders, combatant commands, and U.S. Department of Defense leadership. The NSA operation at Elmendorf AFB was a suspected ECHELON ground station.

ECHELON
ECHELON, originally a secret government code name, is a surveillance program (signals intelligence/SIGINT collection and analysis network) operated by the five signatory states to the UKUSA Security Agreement: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the UK and the United States, also known as the Five Eyes.

Created in the late 1960s to monitor the military and diplomatic communications of the Soviet Union and its Eastern Bloc allies during the Cold War, the ECHELON project became formally established in 1971. By the end of the 20th century, it had greatly expanded.
Norwegian Society of Psychological Science
The Norwegian Society for Psychological Science (Norwegian: Psykologiforbundet; NSPS) is a non-profit association for scientists and students in psychology in Norway. Its mission is to promote, protect, and advance the interests of scientifically oriented psychology. The society is a co-founder of the open-access journal Scandinavian Psychologist. The society has international collaborations with the Association for Psychological Science and the British Psychological Society.

The NSPS is responsible for the Innovation of the Year in Psychological Science award (Årets Nyvinning). The aim is to stimulate innovation in the field of psychological science. The Innovators of 2014 and 2015 were Greenudge and the OCD-team at Haukeland University Hospital.

Association for Psychological Science
The Association for Psychological Science (APS), previously the American Psychological Society, is an international non-profit organization whose mission is to promote, protect, and advance the interests of scientifically oriented psychology in research, application, teaching, and the improvement of human welfare. APS publishes several journals, holds an annual meeting, disseminates psychological science research findings to the general public, and works with policymakers to strengthen support for scientific psychology.
Ekādaśamukha
In Buddhism, Ekādaśamukha (Sanskrit: एकादशमुख, IPA: [eːˈkɑːd̪ɐɕɐmukʰɐ], lit. "Eleven-Faced"; Chinese (Traditional): 十一面觀音; Simplified: 十一面观音; pinyin: Shíyīmiàn Guānyīn; Japanese: 十一面観音, Jūichimen Kannon) is a bodhisattva and a manifestation of Avalokiteśvara (known in Chinese as Guanyin), counted as one of six forms of the bodhisattva that represent salvation afforded to beings among the six realms of saṃsāra. Among these incarnations, Ekādaśamukha is believed to save those in the asura realm.

Ekādaśamukha is sometimes also referred to as Avalokiteśvara of the Universally Shining Great Light (大光普照觀世音; Ch. Dàguāng Pǔzhào Guānshìyīn; Jp. Daikō Fushō Kanzeon).

Saṃsāra (Buddhism)
Saṃsāra (in Sanskrit (संसार) and Pali) in Buddhism is the beginningless cycle of repeated birth, mundane existence and dying again. Samsara is considered to be suffering (Skt. duḥkha; P. dukkha), or generally unsatisfactory and painful. It is perpetuated by desire and ignorance (Skt. avidyā; P. avijjā), and the resulting karma and sensuousness.

Rebirths occur in six realms of existence, namely three good realms (heavenly, demi-god, human) and three evil realms (animal, ghosts, hell). Saṃsāra ends when a being attains nirvāṇa, which is the extinction of desire and acquisition of true insight into the nature of reality as impermanent and non-self.
Ulting Wick
Ulting Wick is a 11-acre (4.5 ha) garden, situated at Ulting near Maldon in Essex, UK. It is  centred around three listed black Essex barns and a 16th-century farmhouse. It is open to the public, by appointment, under the National Garden Scheme.

The garden was voted one of the country’s top 100 gardens to visit by Garden News magazine and has been described as "a garden jewel". In November and December every year thousands of tulips are planted. In the summer they are followed by tender exotics and, in the late-summer, by dahlias.

In July 2021 the garden, and its owner Philippa Burrough, were featured on BBC's Gardeners' World.

Dahlia
Dahlia (UK: /ˈdeɪliə/ DAY-lee-ə, US: /ˈdæljə, ˈdɑːljə, ˈdeɪljə/ DA(H)L-yə, DAYL-yə) is a genus of bushy, tuberous, herbaceous perennial plants native to Mexico and Central America. Dahlias are members of the Asteraceae (synonym name: Compositae) family of dicotyledonous plants, its relatives include the sunflower, daisy, chrysanthemum, and zinnia. There are 49 species of dahlia, with flowers in almost every hue (except blue), with hybrids commonly grown as garden plants.

Dahlias were known only to the Aztecs and other southern North American peoples until the Spanish conquest, after which the plants were brought to Europe. The tubers of some varieties are of medicinal and dietary value to humans because, in common with species of Inula and many other flowering plants, they use inulin, a polymer of the fruit sugar fructose, instead of starch as a storage polysaccharide.
Jean Frantz Blackall
Jean Hargrave Frantz Blackall (July 8, 1928 – July 15, 2025) was a professor of English literature at Cornell University from 1958 to 1994. She often published studies of works by Henry James, Edith Wharton, and the Bröntes.

Edith Wharton
Edith Newbold Wharton (/ˈhwɔːrtən/; née Jones; January 24, 1862 – August 11, 1937) was an American writer and designer. Wharton drew upon her insider's knowledge of upper-class New York society to portray, realistically, the lives and morals of the Gilded Age. In 1921, she became the first woman to win the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for her novel The Age of Innocence. She was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1996. Her other well-known works are The House of Mirth, the novella Ethan Frome, and several notable ghost stories.
Sylvain Georges
Sylvain Georges (born 1 May 1984) is a professional French racing cyclist who last rode for Ag2r–La Mondiale. He was born in Beaumont, Puy-de-Dôme, France. On 18 May 2012, Georges won his first pro tour stage on the 6th stage of the Tour of California, where he broke away with six other riders at the start of a mountain stage leading to Big Bear Lake and rode solo for the last 50 kilometers to take the win as the peloton was in sight.

In May 2013 Georges withdrew from the Giro D'Italia after testing positive for Heptaminol. He was later sacked by his team.

Beaumont, Puy-de-Dôme
Beaumont (Auvergnat: Biaumont) is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France. The commune lies to the south of the dormant volcano, the Puy-de-Dôme (10 km from the commune and the city) which is clearly visible, including the telecommunication antennas that sit on its top.
Bongani Mahlangu
Bongani ("Wonderboy") Mahlangu (born 7 October 1979) is a South African professional boxer. As an amateur, he participated in the 2004 Summer Olympics, where he was stopped in the first round of the lightweight division by Azerbaijan's Rovshan Huseynov.

Mahlangu won the silver medal in the same division one year earlier, at the All-Africa Games in Abuja, Nigeria.

Boxing at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Lightweight
The lightweight boxing competition at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens was held from 16 to 29 August at Peristeri Olympic Boxing Hall. This is limited to those boxers weighing between 57 and 60 kilograms.
Henk Schiffmacher
Hendrikus Johannes Everhardus "Henk" Schiffmacher (born 22 March 1952), also known as Hanky Panky, is a Dutch tattoo artist. He is considered an expert within the field of body decoration, having curated exhibitions, written books, and presented television shows on the subject. Schiffmacher has claimed members of the Red Hot Chili Peppers and Pearl Jam, as well as Motörhead frontman Lemmy, to be amongst his clients. RHCP frontman Anthony Kiedis once described Schiffmacher as "an underground philosopher, artist, Hell's Angels associate, booze hound, drug hound, girl hound, an absolute rapscallion of Dutch proportions."

Hells Angels
The Hells Angels Motorcycle Club (HAMC) is an international outlaw motorcycle club founded in California whose members typically ride Harley-Davidson motorcycles. In the United States and Canada, the Hells Angels are incorporated as the Hells Angels Motorcycle Corporation. Common nicknames for the club are the "H.A.", "Red & White", and "81". With a membership of over 6,000, and 592 charters in 66 countries, the HAMC is the largest outlaw biker club in the world.

The Hells Angels have a history of involvement in organized crime, such as drug trafficking, and engaging in violent conflict with other outlaw motorcycle clubs. Involvement in organized crime and violence has historically extended to the organization's most senior leadership. Many police and international intelligence agencies, including the United States Department of Justice, the Criminal Intelligence Service Canada, the Australian Federal Police, and Europol, consider the club an organized crime syndicate.
Martiros, Vayots Dzor
39°35′48″N 45°30′28″E﻿ / ﻿39.59667°N 45.50778°E﻿ / 39.59667; 45.50778

Martiros (Armenian: Մարտիրոս) is a village in the Vayk Municipality of the Vayots Dzor Province of Armenia. There is a newer and an older section to the village.

Vayk Community
Vayk Municipality, referred to as Vayk Community (Armenian: Վայք Համայնք Vayk Hamaynk), is an urban community and administrative subdivision of Vayots Dzor Province of Armenia, at the southeastern end of the country. Consisted of a group of settlements, its administrative centre is the town of Vayk.
Khamlalung
Khamlalung is a village development committee in the Himalayas of Terhathum District in the Kosi Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3617 people living in 592 individual households.

Kosi Zone
Kosi or Koshi (Nepali: कोसी अञ्चल, Nepali: कोशी अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructure of zones to provinces. The headquarters of Kosi Zone was Biratnagar which was also its largest city. Other cities of Kosi Zone were Inaruwa, Dharan, Dhankuta, Jhumka, Duhabi, Tarahara and Itahari. Its main rivers were Arun, Tamor and Sapta Koshi.
Kasthuri Maan
Kasthuri Maan is a 2005 Indian Tamil-language film directed by A. K. Lohithadas. The film, a remake of the director's Malayalam film of the same name, and his only Tamil project, stars Prasanna and Meera Jasmine, who reprised her role from the original. It also features Shammi Thilakan, Sarath Babu, V. M. C. Haneefa, Bharathi Kannan, Pawan, Vinodini and Suja. Shammi and Haneefa also reprised their respective roles from the original. Kasthuri Maan's story revolves around a young college girl who helps her lover realize his dream of becoming an IAS officer amidst her own problems. The film released during Diwali 2005 and had a generally positive reception.

Shammi Thilakan
Shammi Thilakan is an Indian actor and dubbing artist who works primarily in Malayalam cinema. He has appeared in over 150 films, mainly in supporting and negative roles, and is also known for his extensive contributions as a voice artist. The son of veteran actor Thilakan, Shammi has established an independent career through his performances in both films and television.He is a recipient of multiple Kerala State Film Awards for Best Dubbing Artist, including for dubbing the voices of Nassar in Ghazal and Prakash Raj in Odiyan.