hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Howell James & Co.
Howell James & Company was a firm of jewellers and silversmiths based in Regent Street in London which operated between 1819 and 1911.  In 1876 they added galleries showing professional art pottery and the fashionable amateur china painting, and immediately became the main London venue for this.

It sold items by students and designers of the South Kensington School.

In 1884 the company became a limited company and their name changed to Howell & James Ltd.

Silversmith
A silversmith is a metalworker who crafts objects from silver. The terms silversmith and goldsmith are not exact synonyms, as the techniques, training, history, and guilds are (or were, at least) largely the same but differed in that the end product may vary greatly (as may the scale of objects created).
Michael (the Lover)
"Michael (the Lover)" is a soul song originally performed by American Chicago soul group the C.O.D.'s.

The song was written by the group's lead singer Larry Brownlee who was murdered in 1978. It was released as a single on Kellmac Records in the United States and Stateside in the United Kingdom and made it to number 5 on the Hot Rhythm & Blues Singles chart in 1965.  The song was produced by Leon Singleton and arranged by Pete Matthews.

The song was later remade by the Mad Lads, appearing on their 1966 album The Mad Lads In Action (Volt 414), and by the Northern soul Geno Washington & the Ram Jam Band (Piccadilly 7N 35359).  Washington's version reached #39 on the UK charts.  The 1980 song "Geno", a tribute to Washington and his band, notes "You were Michael the lover, the fighter who won".

The Mad Lads
The Mad Lads were an American rhythm and blues vocal group, who recorded on the Stax subsidiary label Volt in the 1960s. Their biggest hits were "Don't Have to Shop Around" (1965) and "I Want Someone" (1966).
Wemyss, Fife
Wemyss (/wiːmz/ ⓘ WEEMZ) is a civil parish on the south coast of Fife, Scotland, lying on  the Firth of Forth. It is bounded on the north-east by the parish of Scoonie and the south-west by the parish of Kirkcaldy and Dysart  and its length from south-west to north-east is about 6 miles. Inland it is bounded by Markinch and its greatest breadth is 2+1⁄4 miles.

The name of the parish is from the Scottish Gaelic Uaimheis meaning 'cave place', from uaimh, 'cave', and es, an obsolete Gaelic suffix meaning 'place of'. The parish gives its name to the family and Earls of Wemyss.

Firth of Forth
The Firth of Forth (Scottish Gaelic: Linne Foirthe) is a bay in Scotland, an inlet of the North Sea that separates Fife to its north and Lothian to its south. Further inland, it becomes the estuary of the River Forth and several other rivers.
E. Norman Veasey
Eugene Norman Veasey (born January 9, 1933) is a former Chief Justice of the Delaware Supreme Court.

Born in Wilmington, Delaware, Veasey attended the local schools, before completing his secondary education at the Peddie School, and receiving a B.A. from Dartmouth College in 1954, and an LL.B. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1957. From his admission to the Delaware bar in 1958 until 1993, Veasey practiced was the law firm of Richards, Layton & Finger. There, he became a partner in 1963, managing partner in the 1970s, and president of the firm in the mid-1980s.

In 1992, Veasey was nominated by Governor Michael N. Castle to a seat as Chief Justice of the Delaware Supreme Court. He was unanimously confirmed by the Delaware State Senate, and was invested as chief justice on April 7, 1992. Veasey stepped down from the court in May, 2004.

Delaware Supreme Court
The Delaware Supreme Court is the sole appellate court in the United States state of Delaware. Because Delaware is a popular haven for corporations, the Court has developed a worldwide reputation as a respected source of corporate law decisions, particularly in the area of mergers and acquisitions.
Muse Sick-n-Hour Mess Age
Muse Sick-n-Hour Mess Age is the fifth studio album by American hip hop group Public Enemy, released on August 23, 1994, by Def Jam Recordings. The title is a reverse mondegreen of the phrase "music in our message" (emphasizing that their message is more important than the music, rather than the typical "message in our music"). Alternatively, it could be interpreted as "music and our message." The album debuted at number 14 on the US Billboard 200 chart, selling 56,000 copies in its first week.

The album's first single, "Give It Up", peaked at number 33 on the US Billboard Hot 100 in August 1994, and was the group's only American top 40 hit in their career.

Upon its release, Muse Sick-n-Hour Mess Age received generally mixed-to-positive reviews from most music critics, amid controversy among critics and fans over Public Enemy's relevance in hip hop at the time.

Mark Texeira illustrated the cover and inside sleeve.

Jalal Mansur Nuriddin
Jalaluddin Mansur Nuriddin (July 24, 1944 – June 4, 2018) was an American poet and musician. He was one of the founding members of The Last Poets, a group of poets and musicians that evolved in the 1960s out of the Harlem Writers Workshop in New York City.

He was born Lawrence Padilla in Fort Greene in Brooklyn, New York, USA. Earlier in his career he used the names Lightnin' Rod and Alafia Pudim. He is sometimes called "The Grandfather of Rap".

A devout Muslim, poet, acupuncturist, and martial art exponent (a practitioner of a form of Bak Mei), Nuriddin's talent and genius with words and rhythm are renowned and he produced some epic poems such as "Be-Yon-Der", an 18-minute piece on The Last Poets 1977 album Delights of the Garden, which was originally released on Douglas Records, and later on Celluloid Records.
Yves Goasdoué
Yves Goasdoué (born 22 August 1959) is a French politician. He is the mayor of Flers, Normandy since 2001. He also sat in the National Assembly between 2012 and 2017. He is of Breton origin.

In 1998, he was elected regional councillor for the Orne, and successively mayor of Flers in 2001.

2001 French municipal elections
Municipal elections were held in France on 11 and 18 March 2001. These elections were marked by a setback for the left and a victory for the right one year before the 2002 presidential election. However, the capital, Paris and the second largest city, Lyon both switched to the left.

Following the second round, the right controlled 318 municipalities, the left 259.

The next elections were scheduled for 2007 but were rescheduled to 2008 to avoid interfering with the legislative and presidential elections of 2007.
Joachim Hagenauer
Joachim Hagenauer (29 July 1941 – 16 January 2026) was a German information theorist and academic who was professor emeritus at Technical University of Munich. He pioneered the use of soft bits (see Soft output Viterbi algorithm), a coding theory technique that contributes to the high performance of the turbo codes.

Hagenauer's work enabled the advancement of turbo coding and led to a significant improvement in channel coding for digital communications and storage. His works have been applied to digital receiver designs, satellite transmissions and other facets of telecommunications.

Technical University of Munich
The Technical University of Munich (TUM or TU Munich; German: Technische Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. It specializes in engineering, technology, medicine, and applied and natural sciences.

Established in 1868 by King Ludwig II of Bavaria, the university now has additional campuses in Garching, Freising, Heilbronn, Straubing, Ottobrunn, and Singapore, with the Garching campus being its largest. The university is organized into seven schools, and is supported by numerous research centers. It is one of the largest universities in Germany, with 51,954 students and an annual budget of €2,171.0 million including the university hospital.

A University of Excellence under the German Universities Excellence Initiative, TUM is among the leading universities in the European Union. Its researchers and alumni include 19 Nobel laureates and 26 Leibniz Prize winners.
Bussman
Bussman and Bussmann are surnames. Notable persons with these surnames include the following people:

Gaëtan Bussmann (born 1991), French footballer

Jane Bussmann (born 1969), English comedian and author

Paul Bussman (born 1956), American politician

Philip Bussmann (born 1969), German video artist

Jane Bussmann
Jane Bussmann (born 1969 in Marylebone, London) is an English comedian and author, who has written for television and radio.  Her credits include The Fast Show, Smack the Pony, Brass Eye, Jam, South Park and Crackanory, as well as the radio series Bussmann and Quantick Kingsize with David Quantick.

Bussmann wrote and starred in "Bussmann's Holiday", a live one-woman show, directed by Sally Phillips, which played in Los Angeles, New York City and Edinburgh. The show was based on Bussmann's experience of following conflict negotiator John Prendergast to Uganda, which she has since written about in her darkly comic memoir  The Worst Date Ever or How it Took a Comedy Writer to Expose Africa's Secret War, published in 2009.

Bussman has also written about the acid house scene.

Bussmann and Quantick also created The Junkies, the world's first internet sitcom.
ATC code R03
ATC code R03 Drugs for obstructive airway diseases is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products. Subgroup R03 is part of the anatomical group R Respiratory system.

Codes for veterinary use (ATCvet codes) can be created by placing the letter Q in front of the human ATC code: for example, QR03. ATCvet codes without corresponding human ATC codes are cited with the leading Q in the following list.National versions of the ATC classification may include additional codes not present in this list, which follows the WHO version.

Formoterol
Formoterol, also known as eformoterol, is a long-acting β2 agonist (LABA) used as a bronchodilator in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Formoterol has an extended duration of action (up to 12 h) compared to short-acting β2 agonists such as salbutamol (albuterol), which are effective for 4 h to 6 h. Formoterol has a relatively rapid onset of action compared to other LABAs, and is effective within 2-3 minutes. The 2022 Global Initiative for Asthma report  recommends a combination formoterol/inhaled corticosteroid inhaler as both a preventer and reliever treatment for asthma in adults. In children, a short-acting β2 adrenergic agonist (e.g., salbutamol) is still recommended.

It was patented in 1972 and came into medical use in 1998. It is available as a generic medication. It is also marketed in the combination formulations budesonide/formoterol and mometasone/formoterol.
The Soldiers of Halla
The Soldiers of Halla is the  tenth and final book in the Pendragon Adventure series by D. J. MacHale. It concludes the battle between the Travelers and Saint Dane. The title was revealed by D. J. MacHale on December 9, 2008, and was taken from a closing line in the preceding book, Raven Rise. The jacket cover was revealed on March 3, 2009; the book itself was released on May 12, 2009.

D. J. MacHale
Donald James MacHale (born March 11, 1956) is an American writer, director, and executive producer. He has been affiliated with shows such as Are You Afraid of the Dark?, Flight 29 Down and Seasonal Differences. MacHale is also the author of the popular young adult book series, Pendragon and Morpheus Road.
Ctenostoma germaini
Ctenostoma germaini, or Germain's comb-mouthed beetle, is a species of tiger beetle. This species is found in Bolivia, where it inhabits montane forests.

Adults have a dark-reddish or violet head and pronotum and the elytra are dark-green.

Tiger beetle
Tiger beetles or the Cicindelidae are a family of beetles known for their aggressive predatory habits and running speed. The fastest known species of tiger beetle, Rivacindela hudsoni, can run at a speed of 9 km/h (5.6 mph; 2.5 m/s), or about 125 body lengths per second. As of 2005, about 2,600 species and subspecies were known, with the richest diversity in the Oriental (Indo-Malayan) region, followed by the Neotropics. While historically treated as a subfamily of ground beetles (Carabidae) under the name Cicindelinae, several studies since 2020 indicated that they should be treated as a family, the Cicindelidae, a sister group to Carabidae, within the Adephaga.
Bishnandi Union
Bishnandi Union (Bengali: বিশনন্দী ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad of Araihazar Upazila in Narayanganj District of the division of Dhaka, Bangladesh. It has a population of 18,180 men and 18,241 women. The union has a literacy rate of 28.8 per cent.

Dhaka Division
Dhaka Division (Bengali: ঢাকা বিভাগ, romanized: Ḍhaka Bibhag) is an administrative division of Bangladesh. Dhaka serves as the capital city of Dhaka Division, the Dhaka District and Bangladesh. The division remains a population magnet, and covers an area of 20,508.8 km2 with a population in excess of 44 million, it is one of the fastest growing populous administrative divisions of the world, growing at a rate of 1.94% since prior count, compared with the national average of 1.22%. However, national figures may include data skewing expatriation of male labor force as gender ratio is skewed towards females.

Dhaka Division borders every other division in the country except Rangpur Division. It is bounded by Mymensingh Division to the north, Barisal Division to the south, Chittagong Division to the east and south-east, Sylhet Division to the north-east, and Rajshahi Division to the west and Khulna Divisions to the south-west.
1988 All-Big Ten Conference football team
The 1988 All-Big Ten Conference football team consists of American football players chosen as All-Big Ten Conference players for the 1988 NCAA Division I-A football season.  The 1988 Michigan Wolverines football team captured seven of the first-team spots on the All-Big Ten teams selected by the conference coaches for the United Press International. The Iowa Hawkeyes followed with six first-team spots, including quarterback Chuck Hartlieb.

1988 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1988 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa as a member of the Big Ten Conference during the 1988 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by tenth-year head coach Hayden Fry, the Hawkeyes compiled an overall record of 6–4–3 with a mark of 4–1–3 in conference play, tying for third place in the Big Ten. Iowa was invited to the Peach Bowl, where the Hawkeyes lost to NC State. The team played home games at Kinnick Stadium in Iowa City, Iowa.

The 1988 season marked the 100th season of Iowa Hawkeyes football.
Dallas Roberts (athlete)
Dallas Roberts (born 23 August 1979 in Timaru) is a retired New Zealand sprinter.

He finished ninth in the 200 metres in the 2002 IAAF World Cup, and competed at the 2002 Commonwealth Games where he finished 8th in the second semifinal of the men's 200 metres.

He has 20.79 seconds in the 200 metres, achieved in June 2002 in Bern; and 10.46 seconds in the 100 metres, achieved in June 2002 in Luzern.

2002 IAAF World Cup
The 9th IAAF World Cup in Athletics was an international track and field sporting event sponsored by the International Association of Athletics Federations. It was hosted by Madrid, September 21–22, 2002, in the Estadio La Peineta.

The team winner of the men's competition was Africa, while the Russian team took the women's cup.
Spiritual Franciscans
The term Spiritual Franciscans refers to two distinct yet interrelated phenomena within the first two centuries of the Order of Friars Minor: a broad and diverse current advocating for a rigorous interpretation of the Rule, present even during the lifetime of Francis of Assisi; and a specific, organized movement that emerged in the mid-1270s and persisted for approximately fifty years.

Bonaventure
Bonaventure OFM (/ˈbɒnəvɛntʃər, ˌbɒnəˈvɛntʃər/ BON-ə-ven-chər, -⁠VEN-; Italian: Bonaventura da Bagnoregio [ˌbɔnavenˈtuːra da (b)baɲɲoˈrɛːdʒo]; Latin: Bonaventura de Balneoregio; born Giovanni di Fidanza; 1221 – 15 July 1274) was an Italian Catholic Franciscan bishop, cardinal, scholastic theologian and philosopher.

The seventh Minister General of the Order of Friars Minor, he also served for a time as Bishop of Albano. He was canonised on 14 April 1482 by Pope Sixtus IV. In 1588 Pope Sixtus V declared him a Doctor of the Church named as the "Seraphic Doctor" (Latin: Doctor Seraphicus). His feast day is 15 July.

Many writings from the Middle Ages once attributed to him have been subsequently re-classified under the name "Pseudo-Bonaventure".
Southern Hospice Group
The Southern Hospice Group is a hospice group based in Sussex and East Hampshire formed in 2024 after the merger of St Barnabas Hospices (itself a merger of two hospices) with Martlets Hospice. Following the merger Stuart Palma was announced as the CEO.

End-of-life care
End-of-life care is health care provided in the time leading up to a person's death. End-of-life care can be provided in the hours, days, or months before a person dies and encompasses care and support for a person's mental and emotional needs, physical comfort, spiritual needs, and practical tasks.

End-of-life care is most commonly provided at home, in the hospital, or in a long-term care facility with care being provided by family members, nurses, social workers, physicians, and other support staff. Facilities may also have palliative or hospice care teams that will provide end-of-life care services.  Decisions about end-of-life care are often informed by medical, financial and ethical considerations.

In most developed countries, medical spending on people in the last twelve months of life makes up roughly 10% of total aggregate medical spending, while those in the last three years of life can cost up to 25%.
Heavy Trash
Heavy Trash is an American rockabilly band based in New York City, formed by Jon Spencer of The Jon Spencer Blues Explosion and Matt Verta-Ray (formerly of New York bands Madder Rose and Speedball Baby). The band's music draws from an eclectic mix of genres, including rock & roll, rockabilly, blues, alternative country, and garage rock or garage punk. They are currently signed to Yep Roc Records, Bronzerat Records and Crunchy Frog Records.
They once toured together with the Canadian band The Sadies, under the name of Heavy Trash and The Sadies.

Jon Spencer
Jon Spencer (born February 5, 1965) is an American singer, guitarist, and bandleader known for his work in the noise- and garage-rock scenes with Pussy Galore, Boss Hog, and especially Jon Spencer Blues Explosion. In the mid-1990s he collaborated with Mississippi hill country blues musician R. L. Burnside on the album A Ass Pocket of Whiskey (1996), a crossover that drew wider attention to Burnside beyond blues audiences. After announcing in 2022 that the Blues Explosion had ended, Spencer issued new music and toured with Jon Spencer & the Hitmakers, featuring Sam Coomes and Janet Weiss, and later formed a trio with Kendall Wind and Macky “Spider” Bowman of The Bobby Lees.
2021 Chesham and Amersham by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Chesham and Amersham was held on 17 June 2021, following the death of incumbent Conservative Party MP Dame Cheryl Gillan. The Liberal Democrat candidate, Sarah Green, won the by-election with a swing from the Conservatives of 25.2%. This was the first time a non-Conservative candidate had won this seat since its formation in 1974.

This was the first of four by-elections the Liberal Democrats gained from the Conservatives in this parliament; they subsequently won the by-elections in North Shropshire, in December 2021, in Tiverton and Honiton, in June 2022, and in Somerton and Frome, in July 2023.

2023 Somerton and Frome by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Somerton and Frome was held on 20 July 2023, following the resignation of the incumbent Conservative Party MP David Warburton on 17 June. The seat was won by Sarah Dyke of the Liberal Democrats.

It was the first by-election in Somerset since the 1970 Bridgwater by-election, and was held on the same day as the 2023 Selby and Ainsty by-election and 2023 Uxbridge and South Ruislip by-election.
Ottawa Bach Choir
The Ottawa Bach Choir is a professional vocal ensemble from Ottawa, Canada founded and directed by Lisette Canton specialising in early music. Their album Handel: Dixit Dominus; Bach & Schütz: Motets (2019) won a Juno Award for Classical Album of the Year – Vocal or Choral Performance at the Juno Awards of 2020.

Juno Awards of 2020
The Juno Awards of 2020, the 49th Juno Awards, was an awards presentation that was to be held at SaskTel Centre in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan on 15 March 2020. The awards and associated events were cancelled due to the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada, making it the first Juno Awards since 1988 to be cancelled. The award winners were announced on 29 June 2020 in an online event.
Sue Ellen Bernal
Sue Ellen Bernal Bolnik (born 25 September 1982) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).

In the 2012 general election she was elected to the Chamber of Deputies 
to represent the State of Mexico's 28th district during the 
62nd session of Congress.
She returned to Congress in the 2021 mid-terms to represent the State of Mexico's 41st district.

Bernal contended for the State of Mexico's 20th district (which broadly replaced the 41st after redistricting) in the 2024 general election but was defeated by Montserrat Ruiz Paez of the National Regeneration Movement.

41st federal electoral district of the State of Mexico
The 41st federal electoral district of the State of Mexico (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 41 del Estado de México) is a defunct federal electoral district of Mexico.

During its existence it elected one deputy to the Chamber of Deputies for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also counted towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the fifth region.

The 41st district was created by the National Electoral Institute (INE) in its 2017 redistricting process and dissolved on account of shifting demographics in 2023.
Accordingly, it elected its first deputy in the 2018 general election and its last in the 2021 mid-terms.
St Mary's (Trafford ward)
St Mary's is an electoral ward of Trafford covering most of the southern half of Ashton upon Mersey in Sale.

The ward was created in 2004 largely from the old St Martins ward and parts of the old Mersey St Mary's ward.

Ashton upon Mersey
Ashton upon Mersey is an area in Trafford, in Greater Manchester, England. It lies on the south bank of the River Mersey, 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Manchester city centre and immediately adjoins Sale to the east. It gives its name to the Ashton upon Mersey ward, which covers the main part of the former village. Ashton upon Mersey lies within the historic county boundaries of Cheshire, and became part of Greater Manchester in 1974.
Zhou Shengtao
Zhou Shengtao (Chinese: 周声涛; born April 1944) is a Chinese politician who served as party branch secretary of the All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives from 2002 to 2007. He was a member of the 14th CCP Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. He was an alternate of the 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and a member of the 16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress.

11th National People's Congress
The 11th National People's Congress (NPC) met for a 5-year term, from 2008 to 2013. It held five annual two week plenary sessions during this period.  It succeeded the 10th National People's Congress. There were 2,987 deputies elected to the 11th Congress in 2008,