hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Benjamin H. Warder
Benjamin Head Warder (November 15, 1824 – January 13, 1894) was an American manufacturer of agricultural machinery, based in Springfield, Ohio, for much of his career. After he had retired, in 1902 the company he co-founded merged with four others to form International Harvester. Warder commissioned and donated a new library (now the Warder Public Library) for Springfield in 1890, as a memorial to his parents.

After retiring from his business in 1886 and moving to Washington, D.C., Warder purchased some large estates in areas then considered "country" and developed them for new residential subdivisions in Northwest Washington. Four were later combined in 1908 for the neighborhood now known as Park View. Warder died in Cairo in 1894, while traveling in Egypt.

Shepley Bulfinch
Shepley Bulfinch (Shepley Bulfinch Richardson & Abbott Inc.) is an international architecture, planning, and interior design firm with offices in Boston, Hartford, Houston, and Phoenix. It is one of the oldest architecture firms in continuous practice in the United States, and was recognized by the American Institute of Architects with its highest honor, the AIA Architecture Firm Award, in 1973.

Shepley Bulfinch was formed in Boston in 1874 as the architectural practice of American architect Henry Hobson Richardson. Following Richardson's death in 1886, the firm existed as Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge through 1915, then became Coolidge and Shattuck from 1915 through 1924, Coolidge Shepley Bulfinch and Abbott from 1924 through 1952, and Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott from 1952.
Asplenium parvum
Asplenium  parvum is a plant in the spleenwort group of ferns. An epiphytic fern, seen growing on rocks and trees in tropical rainforests, usually at high altitude in Queensland. The specific epithet parvum is derived from Latin, meaning "few or small". Described by Reverend Watts from a cultivated specimen growing in Gladesville, New South Wales. It first appeared in scientific literature in 1914 in the Linnean Society of New South Wales.

Gladesville
Gladesville is a suburb in the Lower North Shore of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Gladesville is located 10 kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Ryde and the Municipality of Hunter's Hill. Gladesville is part of the federal electorate of Bennelong.

Gladesville possesses riverside views and bush settings along the Parramatta River. The nearby Gladesville Bridge (a Sydney landmark that links the North Shore to the Inner West) takes its name from the suburb.
Potholes State Park
Potholes State Park is a public recreation area on the southern shore of Potholes Reservoir, located 13 miles (21 km) south of Moses Lake and 13 miles (21 km) northwest of Othello in Grant County, Washington. The state park was created following the completion of the O'Sullivan Dam in 1949. The park's 773 acres (313 ha) include 6,000 feet (1,800 m) of shoreline and facilities for camping, hiking, boating, swimming, fishing, and other water activities.

Othello, Washington
Othello (/oʊˈθɛloʊ/) is a city in Adams County, Washington, United States. The population was 8,549 at the 2020 census, a 16 percent increase from 2010. It is located in the heart of the Columbia Basin Project, approximately 100 miles (160 km) southwest of Spokane. The city is 25 miles (40 km) south of Interstate 90 in Moses Lake and is connected by State Route 17 and State Route 26.
Joseph Armstrong (engineer)
Joseph Armstrong (born Bewcastle, Cumberland, 21 September 1816, died Matlock Bath 5 June 1877) was an English locomotive engineer and the second locomotive superintendent of the Great Western Railway. His younger brother George and one of his sons ("Young Joe") also became outstanding engineers in the employment of the GWR.

David & Charles
David & Charles Ltd is an English publishing company. It is the owner of the David & Charles imprint, which specialises in craft and lifestyle publishing.

David and Charles Ltd acts as distributor for all David and Charles Ltd books and content outside North America, and also distributes Interweave Press publications in the UK and worldwide excluding North America, and as foreign language editions. The company distributes Dover Publications and Reader's Digest books into the UK Trade and is also a UK and Europe distribution platform for the overseas acquired companies Krause Publications and Adams Media.
Athletics at the 1979 Pan American Games – Women's 400 metres
The women's 400 metres sprint competition of the athletics events at the 1979 Pan American Games took place at the Estadio Sixto Escobar. The defending Pan American Games champion was Joyce Yakubowich of Canada.

Estadio Sixto Escobar
Estadio Sixto Escobar is a multi-purpose stadium in San Juan, Puerto Rico. The stadium was named after boxer Sixto Escobar, the first champion of Puerto Rico, in 1938.

Originally built as a baseball venue, the stadium then became a frequent venue for football matches. In 1979, it was one of the three stadiums that served for the VIII Pan American Games held in San Juan. Nowadays, Sixto Escobar Stadium is the current home venue for C.A. San Juan.
James Wilson (Pennsylvania politician)
James Wilson (April 28, 1779 – July 19, 1868) was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

James Wilson was born in Millerstown, Pennsylvania (now Fairfield). He attended the common schools and learned the trade of cabinetmaker. He engaged in mercantile pursuits and also interested in the real estate business. He was a justice of the peace from 1811 to 1822.

Wilson was elected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses. He was again a justice of the peace from 1830 to 1859. He died in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Interment in Evergreen Cemetery.

18th United States Congress
The 18th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1823, to March 4, 1825, during the seventh and eighth years of James Monroe's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1820 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.
2011 Bulgarian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Bulgaria on 23 October 2011, with a runoff held on 30 October 2011. Incumbent president Georgi Parvanov was not eligible for re-election; the Constitution of Bulgaria limits a president to two terms. No candidate won outright in the first round, resulting in a runoff between the eventual winner, Rosen Plevneliev of GERB, and Ivaylo Kalfin of the Bulgarian Socialist Party.

Constitution of Bulgaria
The Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria is the supreme and basic law of the Republic of Bulgaria. The current constitution was adopted on 12 July 1991 by the 7th Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria, and defines the country as a unitary parliamentary republic. It has been amended six times (in 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2015 and 2023).

Chronologically, it is the fourth constitution of Bulgaria, the first being the Tarnovo Constitution of 1879. It was immediately preceded by the two Socialist-era constitutions–the Dimitrov Constitution (named after Georgi Dimitrov), in force between 1947 and 1971, and the Zhivkov Constitution (named after Todor Zhivkov), in force between 1971 and 1991.
Roald Hoffmann
Roald Hoffmann (born Roald Safran; July 18, 1937) is a Polish-American theoretical chemist who shared the 1981 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Kenichi Fukui “for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions”. He has also published plays, poetry and popular science. He is the Frank H. T. Rhodes Professor of Humane Letters Emeritus at Cornell University.

Theoretical chemistry
Theoretical chemistry is the branch of chemistry which develops theoretical generalizations that are part of the theoretical arsenal of modern chemistry: for example, the concepts of chemical bonding, chemical reaction, valence, the surface of potential energy, molecular orbitals, orbital interactions, and molecule activation.
Tentigo
Tentigo  (Sinhala Nelum Kuluna) (Sinhala: නෙළුම් කුළුණ) is a 2023 Sri Lankan Sinhalese black comedy film directed by Ilango Ram and produced by Hiranya Perera for Silent Frames Productions. The film stars Kaushalya Fernando, Priyantha Sirikumara, Thusitha Laknath and Ranjith Panagoda. It is the first Sri Lankan film to be remade into other languages including: Spanish, Italian, English, Hindi, Telugu, Malayalam whereas France and Belgium in the future. The film was remade in Tamil by Ilango Ram as Perusu (2025).

After gaining positive reviews from critics in multiple film festivals, the film won the special jury award at the Tallinn Black Nights Film Festival in 2023 and was screened at the Glasgow Film Festival and Mostra in 2024. It got selected at the 2nd Eikhoigi Imphal International Film Festival 2025 under the International Competition: Fiction section.

Tallinn Black Nights Film Festival
Tallinn Black Nights Film Festival (BNFF), or PÖFF (Pimedate Ööde filmifestival), is an annual film festival held since 1997 in Tallinn, the capital city of Estonia. PÖFF is one of the largest film festivals in Northern Europe. In 2014, it was upgraded to an A-list festival by FIAPF.

PÖFF includes two sub-festivals that take part concurrently with the main program: Children's and Youth Film Festival Just Film, and PÖFF Shorts. Running concurrently with the festival is Industry@Tallinn & Baltic Event Co-Production Market, the biggest audiovisual industry meeting in the region.

PÖFF also manages two off-season events: the Haapsalu Horror and Fantasy Film Festival taking place every April and Tartu Love Film Festival Tartuff, taking place in August.
Jeremy Gaige
Jeremy Gaige (October 9, 1927 in New York – February 19, 2011) was an American chess archivist and journalist.  He was best known for his work collecting and publishing tournament results and basic biographical data on chess players. Hooper and Whyld called his works "scrupulously written" and "a source of reference for chess journalists and writers all over the world".  Gaige's 1969 book, A Catalog of Chess Players and Problemists, contained about 3000 names with dates and places of birth and death.  Chess writers soon began sending him information, and Chess Personalia (1987), his greatly expanded follow up, listed about 14,000 names with dates and places of birth and death, along with references to sources of biographical information.
He died of emphysema on 19 February 2011, at his home in Philadelphia.

Gaige graduated from Phillips Academy and Columbia College in 1951, after serving in the US Army Medical Corps.

Columbia College, Columbia University
Columbia College is the oldest undergraduate college of Columbia University, a private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhattan, it is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York and the fifth oldest in the United States.

Columbia was established as a colonial college by royal charter under George II of Great Britain. It was renamed Columbia College in 1784 following the American Revolution, and in 1787 was placed under a private board of trustees headed by alumni Alexander Hamilton and John Jay.

Columbia College is distinctive for its comprehensive Core Curriculum and is among the most selective of American colleges, with an admission rate of 3.85% in 2024.
Mândra
Mândra (German: Kladendorf; Hungarian: Mundra) is a commune in Brașov County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Ileni (Illény), Mândra, Râușor (Reusor), Șona (Schönen; Sona), and Toderița (Todorica).

The commune is located in the west-central part of the county, close to the geographical center of Romania. It is on the DN1 road, 6 km (3.7 mi) east of Făgăraș and 60 km (37 mi) west of Brașov. It is traversed south to north by the Mândra and Sebeș rivers, which flow into the Olt a short distance away.

Sebeș (Brașov)
The Sebeș (Hungarian: Sebes-patak) is a left tributary of the river Olt in Romania. It discharges into the Olt east of Făgăraș. The source of the Sebeș is in the Făgăraș Mountains. Its length is 38 km (24 mi) and its basin size is 94 km2 (36 sq mi).
2012 World Junior A Challenge
The 2012 World Junior A Challenge was an international Junior "A" ice hockey tournament organized by Hockey Canada. It was hosted in Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, from November 5–12, 2012, at the Mariners Centre. The event also included the 8th annual Canadian Junior Hockey League Prospects Game Challenge, marking the second time the two events have been paired together.

Hockey Canada
Hockey Canada (which merged with the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association in 1994) is the national governing body of ice hockey and ice sledge hockey in Canada. It is a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation and controls the majority of organized ice hockey in Canada. There are some notable exceptions, such as the Canadian Hockey League, U Sports (formerly known as Canadian Interuniversity Sport), and Canada's professional hockey clubs; the former two are partnered with Hockey Canada but are not member organizations. Hockey Canada is based in Calgary, with a secondary office in Ottawa and regional centres in Toronto, Winnipeg and Montreal.
34 Scores for Piano, Organ, Harpsichord and Celeste
34 Scores for Piano, Organ, Harpsichord and Celeste is a song book by Icelandic singer Björk, published by Wise Publications on June 5, 2017. Björk worked on the book, which includes arrangements of songs from Debut (1993), Post (1995), Homogenic (1997), Selmasongs (2000), Vespertine (2001), Medúlla (2004), Drawing Restraint 9 (2005), Volta (2007), and Vulnicura (2015), in collaboration with Icelandic pianist Jónas Sen, the art and design partnership M/M Paris, and the engraving company Notengrafik Berlin, over the course of six years.

Drawing Restraint 9 (album)
The Music from Matthew Barney's Drawing Restraint 9 is the second soundtrack album by Björk, released on 25 July 2005 in the UK and on 23 August 2005 in the US. It was composed for Matthew Barney's Drawing Restraint 9, which Björk co-starred in as an "Occidental Guest", acting as the ninth installment of his ongoing Drawing Restraint film series.

The album was re-released in 2006 as a DualDisc including new DTS 96/24 5.1-channel surround sound mixes on the DVD-audio side, plus the extra track "Petrolatum". The DualDisc also formed part of the Surrounded box set.
Melcochita
Pablo Villanueva Branda (born 17 September 1936), known as Melcochita, is a Peruvian comedian and Sonero singer, born in barrio La Victoria, in Lima, Perú. Known in the 1950s as Pacocha, he and his brothers created the band "Son Cubillas". 
He made various Latin music albums produced in Peru and New York, achieving some hits in the salsa market. Melcochita has acted as a comedian on Peruvian TV in the shows A Reír, Risas y Salsa and Recargados de Risa. Also, he stars in the feature films Gemelos sin cura and No vayan!!. He was nominated for the Latin Grammys in 2019 for his new Song "La Momia".

La Victoria District, Lima
La Victoria is a district of Lima, Peru. Located to the south of the city's historic centre, it was created as a working class district in 1920, although its southern sectors later took on a residential and commercial character. From the administrative point of view of the Catholic Church in Peru, it forms part of the Archdiocese of Lima's Episcopal Vicariate V.

The current mayor of La Victoria is Rubén Dioscorides Andrés Cano Altez.
M1871 Beaumont
The 1871 Beaumont and its variants were the service rifle of the Armed forces of the Netherlands between 1871 and 1895, and by the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army into the 1900s.

It was one of the first military arms adopted by a European power using a metallic cartridge. The bolt of the rifle used a split bolt design similar to the French Chassepot, and used a unique leaf mainspring inside the two-piece bolt handle—which was later used by the Murata Type 13 and Type 18 rifles in Japan.

Royal Netherlands East Indies Army
The Royal Netherlands East Indies Army (Dutch: Koninklijk Nederlands Indisch Leger; KNIL, pronounced [knɪl]; Indonesian: Tentara Kerajaan Hindia Belanda) was the military force maintained by the Kingdom of the Netherlands in its colony of the Dutch East Indies, in areas that are now part of Indonesia. The KNIL's air arm was the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army Air Force. Elements of the Royal Netherlands Navy and  Government Navy were also stationed in the Netherlands East Indies.
Japanese missions to Ming China
Main article: Japanese missions to Imperial China

Japanese missions to Ming China represent a lens for examining and evaluating the relationships between China and Japan in the 15th through the 17th centuries. The nature of these bilateral contacts encompassed political and ceremonial acknowledgment as well as cultural exchanges. The evolution of diplomatic ties accompanied the growing commercial ties which grew over time.

Nineteen trade missions traveled from Japan to China between 1401 and 1547. The main trade goods exported from Japan were Japanese swords, copper, and sulfur; from China, copper coins, raw silk, and silk fabrics. Every one of these missions were headed by a Zen Buddhist monk from one of the so-called Kyoto Gozan (京都五山, Kyoto gozan) or "five great Zen temples of Kyoto", consisting of Nanzen-ji, Tenryū-ji, Shokoku-ji, Kennin-ji, Tofuku-ji and Manju-ji.

Manju-ji
Manju-ji (万寿寺) is a Rinzai Buddhist temple in Higashiyama-ku Kyoto, Japan.  Owing to the influence of the Ashikaga, Manju-ji was designated a Jissatsu temple for a time.  At present, it is a sub-temple of Tōfuku-ji. It is considered to be one of the so-called Kyoto Gozan or "five great Zen temples of Kyoto".
Rigmor Andersen Eide
Rigmor Andersen Eide (born 26 June 1954) is a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party.

She was elected to the Parliament of Norway from Møre og Romsdal in 2009. She became a member of the Standing Committee on Business and Industry. Like her entire party group, she also joined Israels Venner på Stortinget. She had previously served as a deputy representative during the terms 2001–2005 and 2005–2009.

Standing Committee on Business and Industry
The Standing Committee on Business and Industry (Norwegian: Næringskomiteen) is a standing committee of the Parliament of Norway. It is responsible for policies relating to business, industry, trade, shipping, state ownership policy, competition and price policy, agriculture, food policy, fisheries, whaling and aquaculture. It corresponds to the Ministry of Trade and Industry, the Ministry of Agriculture and Food and the Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs. The committee has 14 members and is chaired by Marit Arnstad of the Centre Party.
Mozley Park
Mozley Park is a typical early 20th-century residential neighborhood, located approximately three miles west of downtown Atlanta. The community is named after the original landowner, Dr. Hiram Mozley, whose heirs inherited the land after his death in 1902.

Interstate 20
Interstate 20 (I‑20) is a major east–west Interstate Highway in the Southern United States. I-20 runs 1,539 miles (2,477 km) beginning at an interchange with I-10 in Reeves County, Texas, 40 miles (64 km) east of Van Horn, Texas, and ending at an interchange with I-95 in Florence, South Carolina. Between Texas and South Carolina, I-20 runs through northern Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia. The major cities that I-20 connects to include Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas; Shreveport, Louisiana; Jackson, Mississippi; Birmingham, Alabama; Atlanta, Georgia; and Columbia, South Carolina.

From its terminus at I-95, the highway continues about two miles (3.2 km) eastward into the city of Florence as I-20 Business (I-20 Bus.).
Ancistrus centrolepis
Ancistrus centrolepis is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is a freshwater species native to South America, where it occurs in coastal drainages of the northern Andes, including the Atrato River, Baudó River, and San Juan River basins in Colombia. The species reaches 18.4 cm (7.2 inches) SL.

San Juan River (Colombia)
The San Juan River (Spanish: Río San Juan) is a Colombian river that flows into the Pacific Ocean through the Chocó Department. It is approximately 380 kilometres (240 mi) and drains a watershed of 16,000 square kilometres (6,200 sq mi). The river drains into a large delta that covers nearly 300 square kilometres (120 sq mi). The average discharge of the Rio San Juan is 2,054.67 m3/s.
International Turkmen-Turkish University
International Turkmen-Turkish University (Turkmen: Halkara Türkmen-Türk uniwersiteti; Turkish: Uluslararası Türkmen-Türk Üniversitesi; abbreviated as ITTU) was a university located in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan. The university was established in 1994 and closed in 2016, superseded by the Oguzhan University of Engineering Technologies.

Ashgabat
Ashgabat is the capital and largest city of Turkmenistan. It lies between the Karakum Desert and the Köpetdag mountain range in Central Asia, approximately 50 km (30 mi) away from the Iran-Turkmenistan border. The city has a population of 1,030,063 (2022 census).

The city was founded in 1881 on the basis of an Ahal Teke tribal village, and made the capital of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic in 1924 when it was known as Poltoratsk. Much of the city was destroyed by the 1948 Ashgabat earthquake, but has since been extensively rebuilt under the rule of Saparmyrat Nyýazow's "White City" urban renewal project, resulting in monumental projects sheathed in costly white marble. The Soviet-era Karakum Canal runs through the city, carrying waters from the Amu Darya from east to west.

Today, as the capital of an independent Turkmenistan, Ashgabat retains a multiethnic population, with ethnic Turkmen as the majority. In 2021, it celebrated 140 years of its written history.
Durham Dales
The Durham Dales are a series of valleys in the west of County Durham, North East England. They are the Durham portion of the North Pennines, the northernmost part of the Pennine uplands. The principal valleys are Teesdale in the south and Weardale in the north, each of which has several side valleys, including Baldersdale, Lunedale, and Rook Hope. The part of Teesdale south of the Tees is historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire.

Rookhope
Rookhope is a village in the civil parish of Stanhope, in County Durham, England. A former lead and fluorspar mining community, it first existed as a group of cattle farms in the 13th century. It is in the Pennines to the north of Weardale. W. H. Auden once called Rookhope "the most wonderfully desolate of all the dales".

In the 2001 census Rookhope had a population of 267.

The village had two public houses, the Rookhope Inn and the Swallow's Rest (closed May 2022) on the fell surrounding Rookhope, both popular with cyclists on the coast to coast cycling route  from Sunderland on the east coast to Whitehaven or Workington on the West Cumbrian coast of northern England.

The village primary school closed in 2024 because of falling pupil numbers.

By road, Rookhope is 25.4 miles (40.9 km) west of Durham, 37.4 miles (60.2 km) west of Newcastle upon Tyne, 48.5 miles (78.1 km) north west of Middlesbrough and 47.2 miles (76.0 km) east of Carlisle.