hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George Jobberns
George Jobberns CBE FRGS MNZGS (2 June 1895 – 30 August 1974) was a New Zealand geographer and educator.

Born in 1895 at Te Moana near Geraldine in the foothills of South Canterbury, New Zealand, Jobberns taught the first Geography I course at Canterbury University College in 1934. In 1937 he was appointed lecturer-in-charge of the first independent Department of Geography in New Zealand and in 1942 was elected to the first chair of Geography in New Zealand. On his retirement in May 1960, he was made Professor emeritus of the University of Canterbury. In the 1963 New Year Honours, Jobberns was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire.

Jobberns died in Christchurch on 30 August 1974, at 79 years.

The Jobberns room at the University of Canterbury's Department of Geography was opened on 9 April 1976 by Vice Chancellor Professor N. C. Phillips to commemorate George Jobberns and his significant contributions to the subject of geography in New Zealand.

Royal Society of New Zealand
The Royal Society of New Zealand, branded as the Royal Society Te Apārangi, is a not-for-profit body in New Zealand providing funding and policy advice in the fields of sciences and the humanities. These fundings (i.e., Marsden grants and research fellowships) are provided on behalf of the New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.
Kiran Shantaram
Kiran Shantaram (born 1942) is an Indian film personality and former Sheriff of Mumbai. He is the son of V. Shantaram and Jayashree. He is chairman of V. Shantaram foundation and head of Asian Film Foundation. He is also the chairman of Prabhat Chitra Mandal. He is the trustee of V. Shantaram trust that owns Plaza cinema, Mumbai and is also its general manager. He is the president of The Mercedes Benz Club of India. He is the chairman of Federation of Film Societies of India. He was a jury for the Feature films section of the 43rd National Film Festival, 1996.

Shantaram made his debut working as assistant director of the film Navrang; he was responsible for continuity shots and shot a fantasy song.

Navrang
Navrang is a 1959 Indian Hindi-language film co-written and directed by V. Shantaram. The film is noted for its dance sequences with lead actress Sandhya and music by C. Ramchandra, while playback singer Mahendra Kapoor made his singing debut with the song Aadha Hai Chandramaa Raat Aadhi.
Pierre Gimaïel
Pierre J.J. Georges Adelard Gimaïel (born 6 June 1949 in Metabetchouan, Quebec) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a manpower consultant and development manager by career.

He won only one term of office in the 32nd Canadian Parliament after winning the Lac-Saint-Jean riding in the 1980 federal election. Gimaïel was defeated in his campaigns during the 1984 and 1988 federal elections.

Lac-Saint-Jean
Lac-Saint-Jean (French: [lak sɛ̃ ʒɑ̃], Quebec French pronunciation: [lak sẽ ʒã]) is a federal electoral district in the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region, northeast Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 2004, and has been represented since 2015.
BartPE
BartPE (Bart's Preinstalled Environment) is a discontinued tool that customizes Windows XP or Windows Server 2003 into a lightweight environment, similar to Windows Preinstallation Environment, which could be run from a Live CD or Live USB drive. A BartPE system image is created using PE Builder, a freeware program created by Bart Lagerweij.

It requires a legal copy of Windows XP or Windows Server 2003. Additional applications can be included in the image using plugins.

As it often resides on a Live CD or USB drive, BartPE allows a user to boot Windows, even if a hardware or software fault has disabled the installed operating system(s) on the internal hard drive – for instance, to recover files. It can also be used to scan for and remove rootkits, computer viruses and spyware (that have infected boot files), or to reset a lost administrator password.

Spyware
Spyware (a portmanteau for spying software) is any malware  that aims to gather information about a person or organization and send it to another entity in a way that harms the user by violating their privacy, endangering their device's security, or other means. This behavior may be present in other malware and in legitimate software. Websites may engage in spyware behaviors like web tracking. Hardware devices may also be affected.

Spyware is frequently associated with advertising and involves many of the same issues. Because these behaviors are so common, and can have non-harmful uses, providing a precise definition of spyware is a difficult task.
Listed buildings in Irton with Santon
Irton with Santon is a civil parish in the Cumberland district, Cumbria, England.  It contains 17 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, two are listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish is in the Lake District National Park.  It contains the villages of Irton and Santon Bridge, and is otherwise rural.  In the parish is the country house of Irton Hall, which incorporates a medieval tower house, and also has a clock tower; all of these are listed.  The other listed buildings include houses, farmhouses, farm buildings, a church with a memorial in its churchyard, two bridges, a summer house, and an inn.

Tower house
A tower house is a particular type of stone structure, built for defensive purposes as well as habitation. Tower houses began to appear in the Middle Ages, especially in mountainous or limited access areas, to command and defend strategic points with reduced forces. At the same time, they were also used as an aristocrat's residence, around which a castle town was often constructed.
Conway, Pennsylvania
Conway is a borough in Beaver County, Pennsylvania, United States, located along the Ohio River. At the 2020 census, the borough had a total population of 2,168. It is part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. Conway is the site of the Conway Yard, a major railroad classification yard and locomotive facility owned by the Norfolk Southern Railway. From 1956 until 1980, it was the largest rail yard in the world.

Greater Pittsburgh
Greater Pittsburgh is the metropolitan area surrounding the city of Pittsburgh in Western Pennsylvania, United States. The region includes Allegheny County,  Pittsburgh's urban core county and economic hub, and seven adjacent Pennsylvania counties: Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Fayette, Lawrence, Washington, and Westmoreland in Western Pennsylvania, which constitutes the Pittsburgh, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area MSA as defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.

As of the 2020 census, the Greater Pittsburgh region had a population of over 2.45 million people. Pittsburgh, the region's core city, has a population of 302,971, the second-largest in the state after Philadelphia. Over half of the region's population resides within Allegheny County, which has a population of 1.24 million and is the state's second-largest county after Philadelphia County.
2022 Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors election
The 2022 Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors elections took place on June 7, 2022, with runoff elections held on November 8, 2022, to elect members of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors. Two of the five seats on the board were up for election to four-year terms.

Municipal elections in California are officially nonpartisan; candidates' party affiliations do not appear on the ballot.

California's 63rd State Assembly district
California's 63rd State Assembly district is one of 80 California State Assembly districts. The district is represented by Republican Natasha Johnson, who won a special election on August 26, 2025, to fill the vacancy created by Bill Essayli's resignation. Johnson was  sworn into office on September 8, 2025.
Kee Nanayon
Upasika Kee Nanayon (Thai: กี นานายน) or Kor Khao-suan-luang (ก. เขาสวนหลวง) was a Thai Buddhist upāsikā (devout laywoman) from Ratchaburi (1901 - 1978). After her retirement in 1945, she turned her home into a Samatha-vipassanā Anapanasati meditation centre with her aunt and uncle. She was mostly self-taught, reading the Pali Canon, Sutta Piṭaka and other Buddhist texts.  Her Dhamma talks and poetry were widely circulated. As word of her spread, she became one of the most popular female Bhāvanā meditation Ajahns in Thailand. Many of her talks have been translated into English by Thanissaro Bhikkhu, who sees her as "arguably the foremost woman Dhamma teacher in twentieth-century Thailand".

Anapanasati
Ānāpānasati (Pali; Sanskrit: ānāpānasmṛti), meaning "mindfulness of breathing" (sati means mindfulness; ānāpāna refers to inhalation and exhalation), is the act of paying attention to the breath. It is the quintessential form of Buddhist meditation, attributed to Gautama Buddha, and described in several suttas, most notably the Ānāpānasati Sutta (MN 118).

Derivations of anāpānasati are common to Tibetan, Zen, Tiantai, and Theravada Buddhism as well as Western-based mindfulness programs.
California State Student Association
The California State Student Association (CSSA), also known as the Cal State Student Association, is an "unincorporated income tax-exempt association".  CSSA is exempt from taxation under Section 501(c)(3) of the United States Internal Revenue Code and it is exempt from state franchise or income tax under California Revenue and Taxation Code Section 23701d. CSSA is registered with the California Attorney General’s Registry of Charitable Trusts.

California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly) is a public university in San Luis Obispo County, California, United States, outside of the city limits of San Luis Obispo. Founded in 1901, it is the oldest of three polytechnic universities within the California State University system.  Cal Poly emphasizes a "learn by doing" philosophy, integrating hands-on, practical experiences into its curriculum. As of fall 2025, Cal Poly had approximately 22,000 undergraduate and 900 graduate students.

The university is home to several programs, including in engineering, architecture, and business.  Most of the university's athletic teams participate in the Big West Conference.
2019 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Men's combined
The Men's combined in the 2019 FIS Alpine Skiing World Cup involved two events. The only skier to podium in both was Alexis Pinturault of France, who edged out overall World Cup leader Marcel Hirscher for the title in the second race and thus won the season championship. At this time, combined races were not included in the season finals, which were scheduled in 2019 in Soldeu, Andorra.

The season was interrupted by the 2019 World Ski Championships, which were held from 4–17 February in Åre, Sweden. The men's combined was held on 11 February.

FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2019
63°24′54″N 13°03′43″E﻿ / ﻿63.415°N 13.062°E﻿ / 63.415; 13.062

The FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2019 were held from 4 to 17 February 2019 in Åre, Sweden. The host city was selected at the FIS Congress in Barcelona, Spain, on 5 June 2014. The only other applicant was Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, which later gained the 2021 championships.

Åre previously hosted the world championships in 1954 and 2007, and has held numerous World Cup events.
Salkehatchie River
The Salkehatchie River originates near the City of Barnwell, South Carolina and accepts drainage from Turkey Creek and Whippy Swamp before merging with the Little Salkehatchie River to form the Combahee River Basin, which empties into Saint Helena Sound and the Atlantic Ocean. Prior to the confluence, the Little Salkehatchie River accepts drainage from Lemon Creek, Buckhead Creek, and Willow Swamp.

United States General William Tecumseh Sherman of the American Civil War marched his troops across this river and the swamps surrounding it on his way to capture Columbia, South Carolina.  This crossing included winning the Battle of Rivers' Bridge, defeating a Confederate force led by Major General Lafayette McLaws.

The University of South Carolina named its two-year regional campus after the Salkehatchie River. The river flows through Allendale, Bamberg, Barnwell, Colleton and Hampton counties, the same area served by University of South Carolina Salkehatchie.

Allendale, South Carolina
Allendale is a town in and the county seat of Allendale County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 3,482 at the 2010 census, a decline from 4,052 in 2000. The majority of residents are African American.
Limburgse Handbal Dagen
The Limburgse Handbal Dagen / Limbourg Handball Days is a handball tournament organized since 1988 in Limburg (Netherlands), especially in the cities of Sittard, Geleen and Beek. The tournament lasts for 3 days with teams from Europe, Africa and Asia.

Sittard
Sittard (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈsɪtɑrt]; Limburgish: Zitterd [ˈzɪtəʀt]) is a city in the Netherlands, situated in the southernmost province of Limburg.

The town is part of the municipality of Sittard-Geleen and has almost 37,500 inhabitants in 2016.

In its east, Sittard borders the German municipality of Selfkant (in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia).

The city centre is located at 45 m above sea level.
Cabinet Weil I
The Cabinet Weil I was the state government of the German state of Lower Saxony from 19 February 2013 until 22 November 2017. The Cabinet was headed by Minister President Stephan Weil and was formed by the Social Democratic Party and the Alliance '90/The Greens, after Weil's winning of the 2013 Lower Saxony state election. On 19 February 2013, Weil was elected and sworn in as Minister President by the Landtag of Lower Saxony.

At the beginning of August 2017, the government lost its one-vote majority when Elke Twesten, a member of the Greens, left the parliamentary group. On 7 August 2017, the represented in the state parliament agreed on October 15, 2017 as the election date for a new state elections. The cabinet was succeeded by Weils's second cabinet.

Stephan Weil
Stephan Weil (born 15 December 1958) is a German politician and the leader of the Social Democratic Party in Lower Saxony. On 20 January 2013, the SPD and the Green party won the 2013 Lower Saxony state election by one seat.  On 19 February 2013, he was elected Minister President of Lower Saxony with the votes of SPD and Alliance '90/The Greens.
From 1 November 2013 until 31 October 2014 he was President of the Bundesrat and ex officio deputy to the President of Germany. In November 2017, he was again elected Minister President with the votes of SPD and CDU.
Giacinto de Popoli
Giacinto de Popoli (died 1682 Orta di Atella o Caserta) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active near his natal city of Orta di Atella in the Province of Caserta. He was a pupil of Massimo Stanzioni.

Province of Caserta
The province of Caserta (Italian: provincia di Caserta) is a province in the Campania region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Caserta, situated about 36 kilometres (22 mi) by road north of Naples. The province has an area of 2,651.35 square kilometres (1,023.69 mi2), and a population of 907,442. The Palace of Caserta is located near to the city, a former royal residence which was constructed for the Bourbon kings of Naples. It was the largest palace and one of the largest buildings erected in Europe during the 18th century. In 1997, the palace was designated a World Heritage Site.
Aubun
Aubun is a red wine grape grown primarily in the Rhône valley. The grape has similar characteristics to Carignan grapes in that it tends to produce high yields and produces wines that are fat with slight bitter finishes. Early during the phylloxera epidemic of the 19th century, the Aubun vines showed some resistance to the pest as well as to downy and powdery mildew. The vines tends to bud late and not be affected by spring frost. In 2000, there were 1,400 hectares (3,500 acres) of Aubun in France.

Downy mildew
Downy mildew refers to any of several types of oomycete microbes that are obligate parasites of plants. Downy mildews exclusively belong to the Peronosporaceae family. In commercial agriculture, they are a particular problem for growers of crucifers, grapes and vegetables that grow on vines. The prime example is Peronospora farinosa featured in NCBI-Taxonomy and HYP3. This pathogen does not produce survival structures in the northern states of the United States, and overwinters as live mildew colonies in Gulf Coast states. It progresses northward with cucurbit production each spring. Yield loss associated with downy mildew is most likely related to soft rots that occur after plant canopies collapse and sunburn occurs on fruit. Cucurbit downy mildew only affects leaves of cucurbit plants.
Hathihawa
Hathihawa  is a village development committee in Kapilvastu District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5597 people living in 878 individual households. There are villages in this division. The Inhabitants of this area are Awadhi People. It borders Rupandehi district to the east, Bithuwa VDC to the west and south, Indian border Kakarahawa, Uttar Pradesh to the North.

Lumbini Zone
Lumbini (Nepali: लुम्बिनी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructure of zones to provinces. Within the zone is the city of Lumbini, widely believed to be the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism and renowned as a major Buddhist pilgrimage site. The zone's headquarters was Butwal.
Komorowo, Nidzica County
Komorowo [kɔmɔˈrɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Janowo, within the Nidzica County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located in Masuria.

Komorowo borders the village of Janowo by the Orzyc River.

Orzyc (river)
Orzyc (also Orzycz or Orzyca) is a river in eastern central Poland, a right tributary of the Narew, with a length of 146 kilometers.  It forms the western border of the Puszcza Kurpiowska, and flows into the Narew at Kalinowo.

Its own tributaries include the Grabowski Rów, Baranowska Struga, Tamka, Bobrynka, Ulatówka, Bramura, and Węgierka.
McLeod's Light Railways
McLeod's Light Railways (MLR) consisted of following four 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow-gauge lines in West Bengal in India. The railways were built and owned by McLeod & Company, which was the subsidiary of a London company of managing agents, McLeod Russell & Co. Ltd. On 1 July 1967, the Bankura Damodar Railway was merged with South Eastern Railway.

South Eastern Railway zone
The South Eastern Railway (abbreviated SER) is one of the 19 railway zones in India. It is headquartered at Garden Reach, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It comprises Adra railway division, Chakradharpur railway division, Kharagpur railway division and Ranchi railway division.
Fringe theories about the Shroud of Turin
The Shroud of Turin is a length of linen cloth bearing the imprint of the image of a man, and is believed by some to be the burial shroud of Jesus. Despite conclusive scientific evidence from three radiocarbon dating tests performed in 1988 which resulted in the shroud being dated to 1260–1390 AD, some researchers have challenged the dating based on various theories, including the provenance of the samples used for testing, biological or chemical contamination, incorrect assessment of carbon dating data, as well as other theories. However, the alternative theories challenging the radiocarbon dating have been disproved by scientists using actual shroud material, and are thus considered to be fringe theories.

The Holy See received custody of the shroud in 1983, and as with other relics, makes no claims about its authenticity. After the 1988 round of tests, no further dating tests have been allowed.

Scientific evidence
Scientific evidence is evidence that serves to either support or counter a scientific theory or hypothesis, although scientists also use evidence in other ways, such as when applying theories to practical problems. Such evidence is expected to be empirical evidence and interpretable in accordance with the scientific method. Standards for scientific evidence vary according to the field of inquiry, but the strength of scientific evidence is generally based on the results of statistical analysis and the strength of scientific controls.
Jay Skyler
Jay S. Skyler is a professor of medicine, Pediatrics and Psychology at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine.

A graduate of Pennsylvania State University and Jefferson Medical College, he did his postgraduate training in Internal Medicine and in Endocrinology and Metabolism at Duke University Medical Center.

He was founding editor-in-chief of Diabetes Care from 1978 to 1982, and editor-in-chief of Diabetes Reviews during 1998 and 1999.

He has an h-index of 82 according to Google Scholar.

Diabetes Care
Diabetes Care is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published since 1978 by the American Diabetes Association. The journal covers research in the following five categories:

clinical care/education/nutrition/psychosocial research,

epidemiology/health services research,

emerging treatments and technologies,

pathophysiology/complications,

cardiovascular and metabolic risk.

The journal also publishes clinically relevant review articles, letters to the editor, and commentaries.

The current Editor-in-Chief is Steven Kahn.

The journal has a 2022 impact factor of 16.2.
The 2023 impact factor was 14.8, ranking 6th of 187 in journals of endocrinology/metabolism.
Källby
Källby is a locality situated in Götene Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden. It had 1,586 inhabitants in 2010.

A major industry and employer is Gunnar Dafgård AB, founded in 1937, which manufactures various cold dishes such as pan pizza, pies and ready meals.

Driving distances to:

Lidköping 12 km,

Götene 14 km,

Gothenburg 144 km, and

Stockholm 339 km 172 on Highway (South Lake)

Urban areas in Sweden
An urban area or tätort (lit. 'dense locality') in Sweden has a minimum of 200 inhabitants and may be a city, town or larger village. It is a purely statistical concept, not defined by any municipal or county boundaries. Larger urban areas synonymous with cities or towns (Swedish: stad for both terms) for statistical purposes have a minimum of 10,000 inhabitants. The same statistical definition is also used for urban areas in the other Nordic countries.

In 2018, there were nearly two thousand urban areas in Sweden, which were inhabited by 87% of the Swedish population.

Urban area is a common English translation of the Swedish term tätort. The official term in English used by Statistics Sweden is, however, "locality" (Swedish: ort). It could be compared with "census-designated places" in the United States.
Tan Chi-chung
Tan Chi-chung (Chinese: 唐啟中; pinyin: Táng Qǐzhōng; born February 24, 1990) is a Taiwanese male weightlifter, competing in the 56 kg category and representing Chinese Taipei at international competitions. He participated in the men's 56 kg event at the 2015 World Championships, and at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He won the bronze medal at the 2011 Summer Universiade.

Weightlifting at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's 56 kg
The Men's 56 kg weightlifting competitions at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place on 7 August at the Pavilion 2 of Riocentro.

The medals were presented by Chang Ung, IOC member, North Korea and Salvatore Coffa, Vice President of International Weightlifting Federation.