hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Svein Arne Hansen
Svein Arne Hansen (6 May 1946 – 20 June 2020) was a Norwegian sports official. At the time of his death, he was President of the European Athletic Association.

He was from Bygdøy and worked as a stamp trader outside of sports. He was formerly the meet director of Bislett Games, and advanced from vice president to president of the Norwegian Athletics Association in 2003.

He was also a deputy member of the Norwegian Confederation of Sports' electoral committee.

Hansen was a vocal proponent of lifetime bans for doping offenses.

After suffering a stroke in March 2020, Hansen died in June 2020.

Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports
The Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports (Norwegian: Norges idrettsforbund og olympiske og paralympiske komité; NIF), commonly known as the Norwegian Sports Confederation (Norwegian: Norges idrettsforbund; IOC Code: NOR) is the umbrella organization for sport in Norway and the country's National Olympic Committee and National Paralympic Committee. It is the largest volunteering organization in Norway, with more than 2 million members and 12,000 sports clubs in 19 region confederations and 54 national federations. The current president is Zaineb Al-Samarai.
Longnan
Longnan (simplified Chinese: 陇南; traditional Chinese: 隴南; pinyin: Lǒngnán; lit. 'south of Mount Long"') is a prefecture-level city in the southeast of Gansu province in China. It borders Sichuan on its south and Shaanxi on its east. As of the 2020 Chinese census, the population of the prefecture-level city was 2,407,272, of which 546,616 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Wudu District.

2020 Chinese census
The Seventh National Population Census of the People's Republic of China (Chinese: 第七次全国人口普查; pinyin: Dì Qī Cì Quánguó Rénkǒu Pǔchá), also referred to as the 2020 Chinese Census, was the seventh national census conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. Census work began on November 1, 2020, and continued through December 10, 2020, involving seven million census workers.

The 2020 Chinese census covers all Chinese citizens living in mainland China, as well as those living abroad on temporary visas. Foreigners who live in the mainland for more than six months are also recorded in the data.

The preliminary results were released on May 11, 2021, with a news conference being held on the same day. The release was originally planned to be in early April, but was delayed by a month.
Samuel B. Sherwood
Samuel Burr Sherwood (November 26, 1767 – April 27, 1833) was a U.S. representative from Connecticut.

He was born in Northfield Society (later Weston), Connecticut. Sherwood graduated from Yale College in 1786. He studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in that part of Fairfield which is now Westport, Connecticut.

He served as member of the state House of Representatives from 1809 until 1815 and in the state Senate in 1816.

Sherwood was elected as a Federalist to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817 – March 3, 1819).

He resumed the practice of his profession until 1831, when he retired from professional life.
He died in Westport on April 27, 1833, and was interred in Evergreen Cemetery.

15th United States Congress
The 15th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in the Old Brick Capitol in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1817, to March 4, 1819, during the first two years of James Monroe's presidency.  The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1810 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.
Polar Park (animal park)
Polar Park is an animal park in Bardu Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The park opened on 18 June 1994, displaying animals in their natural habitat. With only 12 enclosures on 110 hectares (270 acres), the park claims to have one of the world's biggest area-per-animal ratio. It also notes that it is the world's "most northern animal park."

The park specializes in Nordic fauna, including Norway's four largest predators: brown bear, Eurasian lynx, wolf, and wolverine. There are also moose, muskox, red deer, and reindeer. In October 2015, hunters accidentally wandered into the park's area and shot two red deer. As of July 2024, the number of each species resident in the park are listed on the park's website as follows:

Eurasian lynx
The Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) is one of the four extant species within the medium-sized wild cat genus Lynx. It is widely distributed from Northern, Central and Eastern Europe to Central Asia and Siberia, the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas. It inhabits temperate and boreal forests up to an elevation of 5,500 m (18,000 ft). Despite its wide distribution, it is threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching and depletion of prey.
Camillo Vitelli
Camillo Vitelli (c. 1459 – May 1496) was an Italian knight and condottiero of the Vitelli family. He was born in Città di Castello as the son of Niccolò, making him brother to Paolo, Giulio, Giovanni and Vitellozzo. He was also brother-in-law to Giampaolo Baglioni. He became marquess of Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi and duke of Gravina in Puglia. In a battle near Lucera he became the first person to use an arquebus on horseback. He died in Circello and was the father of Vitello Vitelli, another condottiero.

Città di Castello
Città di Castello (Italian pronunciation: [tʃitˈta ddi kasˈtɛllo], lit. 'Castle Town') is a city and comune (municipality) in the province of Perugia, in the northern part of Umbria. It is situated on a slope of the Apennines, on the flood plain along the upper part of the river Tiber. The city is 56 km (35 mi) north of Perugia and 104 km (65 mi) south of Cesena, Emilia-Romagna, on the highway SS 3 bis. It is connected by the SS 73 with Arezzo, Tuscany, and the A1 highway, situated 38 km (23 mi) west. The comune of Città di Castello has an exclave named Monte Ruperto within Marche.
College of Horticulture Mudigere
College of Horticulture Mudigere is a horticulture college located in Mudigere, Karnataka, India. Established in 1991, it is affiliated to the University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga and was previously affiliated to the University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot. This horticultural education center is the oldest in Karnataka. The college has been accredited by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research since 25 August 2004.

Pomology
Pomology (from Latin pomum, "fruit", + -logy, "study") is a branch of botany that studies fruits and their cultivation. Someone who researches and practices the science of pomology is called a pomologist.

Pomological research is mainly focused on the development, enhancement, cultivation, and physiological studies of fruit trees. The goals of fruit tree improvement include enhancement of fruit quality, regulation of production periods, and reduction of production costs.

The term fruticulture (from Latin fructus, "fruit", + cultura, "care") is also used to describe the agricultural practice of growing fruits in orchards. It is applied horticulture of growing, managing, and producing fruit crops.

It focuses on:

Orchard establishment and layout

Pruning, training, and canopy management

Irrigation and fertilization

Pest and disease control

Harvesting and orchard management practices
Skyscraper design and construction
The design and construction of skyscrapers involves creating safe, habitable spaces in very high buildings.  The buildings must support their weight, resist wind and earthquakes, and protect occupants from fire.  Yet they must also be conveniently accessible, even on the upper floors, and provide utilities and a comfortable climate for the occupants.  The problems posed in skyscraper design are considered among the most complex encountered given the balances required between economics, engineering, and construction management.

Structural load
A structural load or structural action is a mechanical load (more generally a force) applied to structural elements. A load causes stress, deformation, displacement or acceleration  in a structure. Structural analysis, a discipline in engineering, analyzes the effects of loads on structures and structural elements. Excess load may cause structural failure, so this should be considered and controlled during the design of a structure. Particular  mechanical structures—such as aircraft, satellites, rockets, space stations, ships, and submarines—are subject to their own particular structural loads and actions. Engineers often evaluate structural loads based upon published regulations, contracts, or specifications.  Accepted technical standards are used for acceptance testing and inspection.
Birytis
Birytis (Βίρυτις) or Berytis (Βέρυτις) or Berythis (Βήριθος) was a town in ancient Troad. It is believed, although there is no absolute security, that the inhabitants of this city of the Troad are the same that, with the name of Berysioi (Βερύσιοι), belonged to the Delian League since they appear in the tribute records of Athens between the years 454/3 and 446/5 BCE where they paid a phoros of 1000 drachmae, as well as in a tribute decree of Athens of 425/4 BCE. Silver and bronze coins struck with the legend «ΒΙΡΥ» dated to the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE are attributed to Birytis.

Its site is tentatively located near Mersinoba, Asiatic Turkey.

Ancient drachma
In ancient Greece, the drachma (Greek: δραχμή, romanized: drachmḗ, [drakʰmέː]; pl. drachmae or drachmas) was an ancient currency unit issued by many city-states during a period of ten centuries, from the Archaic period throughout the Classical period, the Hellenistic period up to the Roman period. The ancient drachma originated in Greece around the 6th century BC. The coin, usually made of silver or sometimes gold had its origins in a bartering system that referred to a drachma as a handful of wooden spits or arrows.  The drachma was unique to each city state that minted them, and were sometimes circulated all over the Mediterranean. The coinage of Athens was considered to be the strongest and became the most popular.
Vasily Pronin
Vasily Prokhorovich Pronin (Russian: Васи́лий Про́хорович Про́нин; 25 December 1905 – 12 October 1993) was a Soviet statesman and chairman of the executive committee of the Moscow City Council of Laborers' Deputies (today's equivalent of mayor) between 14 April 1939 and 7 December 1944.

Mayor of Moscow
The Mayor of Moscow (Russian: Мэр Москвы, romanized: Mer Moskvy) is the head and the highest-ranking official of Moscow, who leads the Government of Moscow, the main executive body of the city.

Moscow is both a city and separate federal subject, according to the Constitution of Russia. Most federal subjects are headed by governors, but the office of the head of Moscow is called Mayor of the City of Moscow, according to the Charter of the city of Moscow.

Sergei Sobyanin, the incumbent Mayor of Moscow, was re-elected for a new term in 2018 and then in 2023.
Ann Lambton
Ann Katharine Swynford Lambton, OBE, FBA (8 February 1912 – 19 July 2008), usually known as A.K.S. Lambton or "Nancy" Lambton, was a British historian, expert on medieval and early modern Persian history, Persian language, Islamic political theory, and Persian social organisation.  She was an acknowledged authority on land tenure and reform in Iran (including Saljuq, Mongol, Safavid and Qajar administration and institutions, and local and tribal histories).

Land reform
Land reform (also known as agrarian reform) involves the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership, land use, and land transfers. The reforms may be initiated by governments, by interested groups, or by revolution.

Land reform is often considered a contentious process, as land is a key driver of a wide range of social, political and economic outcomes. The structure and distribution of land rights has been linked to state formation, economic growth, inequality, political violence, and identity politics, making land reform highly consequential for the long-term structures of society.
Japanese script reform
The Japanese script reform is the attempt to correlate standard spoken Japanese with the written word, which began during the Meiji period. This issue is known in Japan as the kokugo kokuji mondai (国語国字問題, national language and script problem). The reforms led to the development of the modern Japanese written language, and explain the arguments for official policies used to determine the usage and teaching of kanji rarely used in Japan.

Ruby character
Ruby characters or rubi characters (Japanese: ルビ; rōmaji: rubi; Korean: 루비; romaja: rubi) are small, annotative glosses that are usually placed above or to the right of logographic characters of languages in the East Asian cultural sphere, such as Chinese hanzi, Japanese kanji, and Korean hanja, to show the logographs' pronunciation; these were formerly also used for Vietnamese chữ Hán and chữ Nôm, and may still occasionally be seen in that context when reading archaic texts. Typically called just ruby or rubi, such annotations are most commonly used as pronunciation guides for characters that are likely to be unfamiliar to the reader.
Fluocinonide
Fluocinonide is a potent glucocorticoid used topically as an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of skin disorders such as eczema and seborrhoeic dermatitis. It relieves itching, redness, dryness, crusting, scaling, inflammation, and discomfort.

A common potential adverse effect is skin atrophy (thinning of the skin).

In 2022, it was the 266th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.

Anti-inflammatory
Anti-inflammatory refers to any drug, substance or mechanism that reduces inflammation by lessening the redness, swelling, fever, or pain and loss of function which are part of bodies inflammatory response. Anti-inflammatory drugs are agents that inhibit action or production of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, histamines and prostaglandins. These drugs reduce pain by inhibiting mechanisms of inflammation, as opposed to opioids, which affect the central nervous system to block pain.

Common anti-inflammatory drugs include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, antileukotrienes, and monoclonal antibodies.
Isolation (Toto album)
Isolation (stylized as (ī’so-lā’tīon) ) is the fifth studio album by American rock band Toto, released in October 1984. Isolation is the first album to include Mike Porcaro as the band's official bassist (after the departure of David Hungate) and the only album with Fergie Frederiksen as the primary vocalist.

While Isolation failed to achieve the popularity of its predecessor, Toto IV,  it achieved gold record status and gave the band their highest charting mainstream rock (chart) single "Stranger in Town" (No. 7).

Relatively few songs from this album were featured in live performances after 1985's Isolation World Tour due to Frederiksen's departure and the lack of well-known material from the album.

David Hungate
David Hungate (born August 5, 1948) is an American retired bassist noted as a member of the Los Angeles pop-rock band Toto from 1976 to 1982 and again from 2014 to 2015, and the son of judge William L. Hungate. Along with most of his Toto bandmates, Hungate did sessions on a number of hit albums of the 1970s, including Boz Scaggs's Silk Degrees album and Alice Cooper's From the Inside album.
Araeoscelis
Araeoscelis (from Greek: αραιά araiá, 'thin' and Greek: σκελίς skelís, 'ribs of beef') is an extinct genus of tetrapods from the Early Permian of what is now Texas. Fossils have been found in the Nocona, Arroyo and Waggoner Ranch Formations. Two species have been described, A. casei and A. gracilis.

Araeoscelis belonged to the clade Araeoscelidia together with close relatives such as Petrolacosaurus. Araeoscelidia is often considered the most basal group of diapsid reptiles, but some analyses have recovered them as stem-amniotes instead.

Cisuralian
The Cisuralian, also known as the Early Permian, is the first series/epoch of the Permian. The Cisuralian was preceded by the Pennsylvanian and followed by the Guadalupian. The Cisuralian Epoch is named after the western slopes of the Ural Mountains in Russia and Kazakhstan and dates between 298.9 ± 0.15 – 274.4 ± 0.4 Ma.

In the regional stratigraphy of southwestern North America, the Cisuralian encompasses two series: the Wolfcampian (Asselian to mid-Artinskian) and Leonardian (mid-Artinskian to Kungurian).

The series saw the appearance of beetles and flies and was a relatively stable warming period of about 21 million years.
Jack Clarke (rugby union)
Jack Clarke (born Kisumu, 2 September 1968) is a former Irish rugby union international player who played as a winger. He played for Dolphin RFC and for Munster.
He played for the Ireland team from 1991 to 1992, winning 6 caps and scoring one try. He was a member of the Ireland squad at the 1991 Rugby World Cup. He came out of retirement at the age of 50 years-old to play for Oughterard RFC, for whom his children Ben and Hannah also played.

Munster Rugby
Munster Rugby (Irish: Rugbaí Mumhan) is one of the professional provincial rugby teams from the island of Ireland. They compete in the United Rugby Championship and the European Rugby Champions Cup. The team represents the IRFU's Munster Branch, which is responsible for rugby union throughout the Irish province of Munster. The team motto is "To the brave and faithful, nothing is impossible." This is derived from the motto of the MacCarthy clan – "Forti et Fideli nihil difficile". Their main home ground is Thomond Park, Limerick, though some games are played at Musgrave Park, Cork.
Solo Cissokho
Solo Cissokho (1963 – May 4, 2019) was a Norwegian/Senegalese Jazz and Mbalax musician known for playing the Kora. Born into a Senegalese griot family in Ziguinchor, Casamance, Solo continued the family tradition of Kora playing at a young age.

Kora (instrument)
The kora (Manding languages: ߞߐߙߊ kɔra) is a stringed instrument used extensively in West Africa. A kora typically has 21 strings, which are played by plucking with the fingers. It has features of the lute and harp.
A Witch's Love
A Witch's Love (Korean: 마녀의 연애; RR: Manyeoui yeonae; lit. Witch's Romance) is a 2014 South Korean television series starring Uhm Jung-hwa and Park Seo-joon. It aired on cable channel tvN from April 14 to June 10, 2014 every Monday and Tuesday at 21:40 (KST) for 16 episodes.

The romantic comedy series is a remake of the hit 2009 Taiwanese drama My Queen.

Remake
A remake is a film, television series, video game, song or similar form of entertainment that is based upon and retells the story of an earlier production in the same medium—e.g., a "new version of an existing film". A remake tells the same story as the original but uses a different set of casts, and may use actors from the original, alter the theme, or change the flow and setting of the story. In addition, since a remake is released some time after the original work, it may incorporate new technologies, enhancements, and techniques that had not existed or been commonly used when the original work was created. Similar but not synonymous terms are reimagining or reboot, which indicates a greater discrepancy between, for example, a movie and the movie it is based on.
Östman
Östman is a Swedish-language surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Ostman (1893–1975), Swedish-Canadian prospector and purported Sasquatch abductee

Arnold Östman (1939–2023), Swedish conductor and music director

Bror Östman (1928–1992), Swedish ski jumper

Peter Östman (born 1961), Swedish politician

Albert Ostman
Albert Ostman (April 21, 1893 – January 16, 1975) was a Swedish-born Canadian prospector. In 1957 he reported that he had been abducted by a sasquatch and held captive for six days, stating that these events had taken place near Toba Inlet, British Columbia in 1924.
Firenze Lai
Firenze Lai Ching Yin (Chinese: 黎清妍; born 1984) is an artist, an illustrator, an editorial designer and the co-founder of Hulahoop Gallery of Hong Kong. She is a graduate from the painting program of Hong Kong Art School (HKAS). Her works frequently depict anonymous figures as subjects, and explore the issues of psychological landscapes, the mind and body, human relationships, collectiveness, and social experiences and space. Her paintings were exhibited in various international locations including the 10th Shanghai Biennale (2014), the 2015 New Museum Triennial, and the 57th Venice Biennale (2017), as well as different local venues such as Para Site and Tai Kwun Contemporary. Another medium that she worked closely with are sketches and drawings, which she compiled in several published monographs along with selections of her paintings. Her illustrations are also known to be featured regularly in Mao Pao Weekly.

Tai Kwun
22°16′53″N 114°09′14″E﻿ / ﻿22.2813°N 114.1540°E﻿ / 22.2813; 114.1540

Tai Kwun, or the Former Central Police Station Compound (CPS Compound) includes three declared monuments in Central, Hong Kong: the former Central Police Station, the Former Central Magistracy, and the Victoria Prison. Surrounded by Hollywood Road, Arbuthnot Road, Chancery Lane, and Old Bailey Street, the compound underwent a heritage revitalisation and reopened to the public on 29 May 2018 as Tai Kwun (Chinese: 大館), a centre for heritage and arts.
Ridin' (Mya song)
"Ridin'" is a song by American singer Mya. It was written and composed by Mýa, Ester Dean, Jevon Simms, Traci Hale and Tricky Stewart for her fourth studio album Liberation (2007), with the latter serving as producer. The lyric of the R&B song is based on a personal experience Mýa endured in a relationship at one point in time when she suspected her ex-boyfriend of cheating, finding herself at her lowest point, while chasing him and his affair.

The song was released by Universal Motown as a single in favor over album cuts "I Am" and "Walka Not a Talka" in a poll on Mya's MySpace page voted by fans and after the commercial disappointment of previous single "Lock U Down". Upon release, it received generally positive reviews from contemporary music critics, who complimented on Mya's toned of voice and the topic of the song. A minor success on Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, it peaked at number fifty-eight. The song's accompanying music video was filmed by Erik White.

Vibe (magazine)
Vibe is an American music and entertainment magazine founded by producers David Salzman and Quincy Jones. The publication predominantly features R&B and hip hop music artists, actors and other entertainers. After shutting down production in the summer of 2009, it was purchased by the private equity investment fund InterMedia Partners, then issued bi-monthly with double covers and a larger online presence. The magazine's target demographic is predominantly young, urban followers of hip hop culture. In 2014, the magazine discontinued its print version.

The magazine features a broader range of interests than its closest competitors The Source and XXL, which focus more narrowly on rap music, or the rock- and pop-centric Rolling Stone and Spin. The May 1998 Vibe article "Racer X" by Ken Li is credited as the basis for the 2001 film The Fast and the Furious and the resulting franchise.