hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Courthouse
A courthouse or court house is a structure which houses judicial functions for a governmental entity such as a state, region, province, county, prefecture, regency, or similar governmental unit.  A courthouse is home to one or more courtrooms, the enclosed space in which a judge presides over a court, and one or more chambers, the private offices of judges.  Larger courthouses often also have space for offices of judicial support staff such as court clerks and deputy clerks.

The term is commonly used in the English-speaking countries of North America. In most other English-speaking countries, buildings which house courts of law are simply called "courts" or "court buildings". In most of continental Europe and former non-English-speaking European colonies, the equivalent term is a palace of justice (French: palais de justice, Italian: palazzo di giustizia, Portuguese: palácio da justiça).

Supreme Court of California
The Supreme Court of California is the highest and final court of appeals in the courts of the U.S. state of California. It is headquartered in San Francisco at the Earl Warren Building, but it regularly holds sessions in Los Angeles and Sacramento. Its decisions are binding on all other California state courts.  Since 1850, the court has issued many influential decisions in a variety of areas including torts, property, civil and constitutional rights, and criminal law.
Tabalia
Tabalia is the name of the Mother House of the Melanesian Brotherhood (MBH) on northeastern Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands.

Tabalia (pronounced "TAHM ba lia") was given by Ini Kopuria (the Brotherhood’s founder) to the Melanesian Brotherhood (known in the Mota language as Ira Reta Tasiu).  Tabalia was Kopuria's customary inheritance, and he donated the land in 1925 to the Tasiu.

As the Mother House, Tabalia is the headquarters for the Solomon Islands Region of the Melanesian Brotherhood.  The other Regional Headquarters are Tumsisiro on East Ambae, Vanuatu, and Popondetta, in Papua New Guinea.

From Tabalia, the Melanesian Brotherhood looks after 25 households (monasteries) in the Solomon Islands. It is also the location for quadrennial Great Conference, where representatives from all three regions meet.

The burial ground at Tabalia contains the graves of Dr. Charles Elliot Fox (Feast day October 29) and the Seven Martyred Brothers  (Feast day April 24).

Ini Kopuria
Ini Kopuria (died June 1945) was a Solomon Islands police officer who founded the Melanesian Brotherhood in 1925. He and the Bishop of Melanesia, John Manwaring Steward, formed a band of brothers (known in the Mota language as Ira Reta Tasiu) to take the gospel of Jesus to non-Christian areas of Melanesia.

The Anglican Church of Melanesia and Church of England commemorate Kopuria on their calendars of saints. Ini is remembered in the Church of England with a commemoration on 6 June.
Zigetangcuo Lake
Tsige Dartso (Tibetan: ཙི་གེ་དར་མཚོ, Wylie: tsi ge dar mtsho, ZYPY: Tsige Dartso) or Zigetangcuo Lake (Chinese: 兹格塘错; pinyin: Zīgétáng cuò) is a crenogenic meromictic lake in the North Tibetan Plateau. It is located in Nagqu Prefecture, north of Dongqiao. It has an area of 187 square kilometers at an altitude of 4560 meters. It is the meromictic lake with the highest known altitude.

Tibetan pinyin
The SASM/GNC/SRC romanization of Standard Tibetan, commonly known as Tibetan pinyin or ZWPY (Chinese: 藏文拼音; pinyin: Zàngwén Pīnyīn), is the official transcription system for the Tibetan language in China. It is based on the pronunciation used by China National Radio's Tibetan Radio, which is based on the Lhasa dialect. It has been used within China and international cartographic products as an alternative to the Wylie transliteration for writing Tibetan in the Latin script since 1982.

Tibetan pinyin is a phonetic transcription, and as such its spelling is tied to actual pronunciation (although tone is not marked). Wylie on the other hand is a transliteration system, where mechanical conversion to and from Tibetan and Latin script is possible. Within academic circles, Wylie transliteration (with a v replacing the apostrophe) is more commonly used.
We Caa Done
"We Caa Done" is a song by Jamaican singer Popcaan featuring Canadian rapper Drake. It was released on January 6, 2023 through the latter's record label, OVO Sound, as the lead single from the former's fifth studio album, Great Is He. The song was written alongside Tresor, who produced it with Batundi.

Popcaan
Andrae Hugh Sutherland (born 19 July 1988), known professionally as Popcaan, is a Jamaican dancehall singer.

In 2008, Popcaan joined Vybz Kartel's Gaza Music Empire. In 2010, he released his breakthrough international hit "Clarks" with Kartel, an ode to the shoe brand. In 2013, Popcaan signed with Mixpak Records and released his debut studio album, Where We Come From. In 2016, Popcaan signed with Canadian rapper Drake's record label OVO Sound and Warner Records. His second album for Mixpak, entitled Forever, was released in 2018.

Popcaan's international singles include "Only Man She Want", "Everything Nice", "Ova Dweet", "El Chapo", and "Family". He has collaborated with a number of international artists, most notably Drake, Jamie xx, Pusha T, Giggs, Matoma, Wale, Gorillaz, and Davido. Popcaan made his acting debut in the film The Intent 2: The Come Up (2018).
Ken Light
Christianity portal

Ken Light (born 1945) is a former Archdeacon of Southland.

Light was educated at the University of Otago and ordained deacon in 1970 and priest in 1971. After  Curacies in  Anderson's Bay and Invercargill he held incumbencies at Wyndham and Waimea until his appointment as Archdeacon.

Andersons Bay
Andersons Bay (sometimes spelt in the grammatically correct former form Anderson's Bay, and often known locally as "Andy Bay") is a suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located in the southeast of the city's urban area, 2.8 kilometres (1.7 mi) southeast of the city's centre.
Enrico Poggi
Enrico Massimo Poggi (January 30, 1908 – October 16, 1976) was an Italian sailor who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics, in the 1948 Summer Olympics, and in the 1952 Summer Olympics. He was born and died in Genoa.

In 1936, he was a crew member of the Italian boat Italia which won the gold medal in the 8-metre class competition. In 1948, he finished eighth as a crew member of the Italian boat Ciocca II in the 6-metre class event. Four years later he was again a crew member of the Italian boat Ciocca II, which finished again eighth in the 6-metre class event.

Sailing at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens, Greece). With the exception of 1904 and the canceled 1916 Summer Olympics, sailing has always been included on the Olympic schedule. The Sailing program of the 1952 Summer Olympics consisted of a total of five sailing classes (disciplines). For each class seven races were scheduled from 20 to 28 July 1952 of the coast of Harmaja.

The sailing was done on the triangular type Olympic courses. The start was made in the center of a set of 8 numbered marks that were places in a circle. During the starting procedure the sequence of the marks was communicated to the sailors. By picking the mark that was most upwind the start could always be made upwind. This system is, at least in certain German lakes, still in use.
Tamil inscriptions
This is a list of archaeological artefacts and epigraphs which have Tamil inscriptions.  Of the approximately 100,000 inscriptions found by the Archaeological Survey of India (2005 report) in India, about 60,000 were in Tamil Nadu

Madurai district
Madurai district is one of the 38 districts of the state of Tamil Nadu in southeastern India. The city of Madurai serves as the district headquarters. It houses the famous Sri Meenakshi Sundareshwarar temple and is situated on the banks of the river Vaigai. Thiruparankundram is one of the major tourist places in the district. As of 2011, the district had a population of 3,038,252 with a sex-ratio of 990 females for every 1,000 males. Aside from the city of Madurai, the larger towns of the district include Melur, Vadipatti, Thirumangalam, Thirupparankundram, Peraiyur, and Usilampatti.
The Thing in the Moonlight
"The Thing in the Moonlight" is a short story by J. Chapman Miske. The story is based on a letter dated November 24, 1927 from H. P. Lovecraft to Donald Wandrei describing one of Lovecraft's dreams. The story was prepared for publication by Miske, who filled in the story surrounding the description of the dream. In places, the letter and published story are identical to Lovecraft's style. It was first published in Bizarre magazine in January 1941.

Ballantine Books
Ballantine Books is a major American book publisher that is a subsidiary of German media conglomerate Bertelsmann. Ballantine was founded in 1952 by Ian Ballantine with his wife, Betty Ballantine. Ballantine was acquired by Random House in 1973, which in turn was acquired by Bertelsmann in 1998 and remains part of that company.

Ballantine's original logo was a pair of mirrored letter Bs back to back, later changing to two Bs stacked to form an elaborate gate. The firm's early editors were Stanley Kauffmann and Bernard Shir-Cliff.
Mallorca (Albéniz)
Mallorca, Op 202 or Majorca is a composition by Isaac Albéniz. Since it has been transcribed for classical guitar it has become an important work for the classical guitar repertoire. It has been played and recorded by guitarists such as Andres Segovia, Julian Bream and John Williams and many others. Although the original key as written for piano is F# minor, Mallorca is almost always transposed and played in the key of D minor for guitar.
John Williams once said "I'd like to play Mallorca, a piece depicting a mysterious, beautiful island with a Moorish influence."

D minor
D minor is a minor scale based on D, consisting of the pitches D, E, F, G, A, B♭, and C. Its key signature has one flat. Its relative major is F major and its parallel major is D major.

The D natural minor scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The D harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are:
Sampling (signal processing)
In signal processing, sampling is the reduction of a continuous-time signal to a discrete-time signal. A common example is the conversion of a sound wave to a sequence of "samples".
A sample is a value of the signal at a point in time and/or space; this definition differs from the term's usage in statistics, which refers to a set of such values.

A sampler is a subsystem or operation that extracts samples from a continuous signal. A theoretical ideal sampler produces samples equivalent to the instantaneous value of the continuous signal at the desired points.

The original signal can be reconstructed from a sequence of samples, up to the Nyquist limit, by passing the sequence of samples through a reconstruction filter.

Sound
Sound is a phenomenon in which pressure disturbances propagate through a transmission medium. In the context of physics, it is characterised as a mechanical wave of pressure or related quantities (e.g. displacement), whereas in physiological-psychological contexts it refers to the reception of such waves and their perception by the brain. Though sensitivity to sound varies among all organisms, the human ear is sensitive to frequencies ranging from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Examples of the significance and application of sound include music, medical imaging techniques, oral language and parts of science.
Florence Township, New Jersey
Florence Township is a township in Burlington County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 12,812, an increase of 703 (+5.8%) from the 2010 census count of 12,109, which in turn reflected an increase of 1,363 (+12.7%) from the 10,746 counted in the 2000 census. The township, and all of Burlington County, is a part of the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden combined statistical area and the Delaware Valley.

Florence was incorporated as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 7, 1872, from portions of Mansfield Township. The township was named for Florence, Italy.

Balvir Singh
Balvir Singh (born November 9, 1984) is a teacher and Democratic Party politician from Burlington Township, New Jersey, who has represented the 7th Legislative District in the New Jersey General Assembly since January 30, 2025. He previously served on the Burlington County Board of County Commissioners from 2018 to 2025. Singh is the first Asian American to win a countywide election in Burlington County and the first Sikh American to win a countywide election in the state of New Jersey.
Stephen M. Cohen
Stephen Michael Cohen  is an American who gained notoriety after acquiring control of the domain name Sex.com in 1995. He also has citizenship in Mexico, Israel and in the principality of Monaco. He was later implicated in involvement in running the controversial peer-to-peer service EarthStation 5.

Cohen was born in Los Angeles and attended Van Nuys High School in the Van Nuys area of Los Angeles.  Cohen obtained his Juris Doctor degree at the University of Southern California Law School in 1972.

In the 1980s, he operated a paid-membership bulletin board system (BBS) called the French Connection, geared toward swinging and other sexual topics, and by the late 1980s, he organized swinger get-togethers at a home in Orange County, California. In 1990, he was arrested for operating a sex club in a residential zone; he was found not guilty by a jury verdict.

USC Gould School of Law
The University of Southern California Gould School of Law located in Los Angeles, California, is the law school of the University of Southern California. The oldest law school in the Southwestern United States, USC Law traces its beginnings to 1896 and became affiliated with USC in 1900. It was named in honor of Judge James Gould in the mid-1960s.
The Post-Star
The Post-Star is a daily newspaper in Glens Falls, New York. It serves the counties of Warren, Washington and Saratoga in New York State including the cities of Glens Falls and Saratoga Springs. The newspaper competes with The Saratogian of Saratoga Springs and the Times Union of Albany for the Saratoga County market.

Saratoga Springs, New York
Saratoga Springs is a city in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 28,491 at the 2020 census. The name reflects the presence of mineral springs in the area, which has made Saratoga a popular resort destination for over 200 years. It is home to the Saratoga Race Course, a thoroughbred horse racing track operated by the New York Racing Association, and Saratoga Performing Arts Center, a music and dance venue. The city's official slogan is "Health, History, and Horses".
Acacesium
Acacesium or Akakesion (Ancient Greek: Ἀκακήσιον), was a town of ancient Arcadia in the district of Parrhasia, at the foot of a hill of the same name, and 36 stadia on the road from Megalopolis to Phigalea. It is said to have been founded by Acacus, son of Lycaon; and according to some traditions, Hermes was brought up at this place by Acacus, and hence derived the surname of Acacesius. Upon the hill there was a statue in stone, in the time of Pausanias, of Hermes Acacesius; and four stadia from the town was a celebrated temple of Despoena. This temple probably stood on the hill, on which are now the remains of the church of St Elias.

Its site is located near modern Daseiai.

Stadion (unit)
The stadion (plural stadia, Ancient Greek: στάδιον; latinized as stadium; also anglicized as stade), was an ancient Greek unit of length, consisting of 600 ancient Greek feet (podes). There are a range of varieties or understandings of what a stadion was and is; these have been calculated by various historians, and those calculations have varied dramatically (as did perhaps the use and meaning of the term stadion over time in ancient Greece). Thus, the exact length of one stadion is not universally agreed upon today: historians estimate it at between 150 and 210 m (490 and 690 ft), with perhaps something of a convergence around the 185 metres (607 ft) length of an Attic stade.
No Surrender (novel)
No Surrender is a 1942 war thriller novel by the German writer Martha Albrand, by then living in exile in the United States. It focuses on the activities of the Dutch Resistance during World War II and was favourably reviewed by critics. It was serialized in The Saturday Evening Post. Her first novel since emigrating in 1937, it launched her popular reputation in the English-speaking world.

Serial (literature)
In literature, a serial is a printing or publishing format by which a single larger work, often a work of narrative fiction, is published in smaller, sequential installments. The installments are also known as numbers, parts, fascicules or fascicles, and may be released either as separate publications or within sequential issues of a periodical publication, such as a magazine or newspaper.

Serialisation can also begin with a single short story that is subsequently turned into a series.  Historically, such series have been published in periodicals. Popular short-story series are often published together in book form as collections.
Grądy, Pajęczno County
Grądy [ˈɡrɔndɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Działoszyn, within Pajęczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south-east of Działoszyn, 8 km (5 mi) south-west of Pajęczno, and 85 km (53 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Pajęczno
Pajęczno [paˈjɛnt͡ʂnɔ] is a town in Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship. It is the capital of Pajęczno County. It lies approximately 40 kilometres (25 miles) north of Częstochowa. Its population is 6,651 (2020). It is located in the Sieradz Land.
2012 Southern Conference football season
The 2012 Southern Conference football season, part of the 2012 NCAA Division I FCS football season competition of college football, began on Thursday, August 30, 2012 with Western Carolina hosting Mars Hill. The regular season concluded on November 17, while  Georgia Southern, Appalachian State, and Wofford qualified for the NCAA Division I Football Championship.

Appalachian State was eliminated in the first round at the hands of Illinois State. Wofford was subsequently eliminated the following week, losing to North Dakota State 14–7, and Georgia Southern, after defeating Central Arkansas and Old Dominion in the previous two weeks, fell to the Bison as well on December 14 in the tournament semifinals, 23–20.

2012 Wofford Terriers football team
The 2012 Wofford Terriers football team represented Wofford College in the 2012 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by a 25th year head coach Mike Ayers and played their home games at Gibbs Stadium. They were a member of the Southern Conference (SoCon). They finished the season 9–4, 6–2 in SoCon play to claim a share of the conference championship with Appalachian State and Georgia Southern. They received an at-large bid into the FCS Playoffs where they defeated New Hampshire in the second round before falling in the quarterfinals to North Dakota State.
Reflection principle (Wiener process)
In the theory of probability for stochastic processes, the reflection principle for a Wiener process states that if the path of a Wiener process f(t)  reaches a value f(s) = a at time t = s,  then the subsequent path after time s has the same distribution as the reflection of the subsequent path about the value a. More formally, the reflection principle refers to a theorem concerning the distribution of the supremum of the Wiener process, or Brownian motion. The result relates the distribution of the supremum of Brownian motion up to time t to the distribution of the process at time t. It is a corollary of the strong Markov property of Brownian motion.

Markov property
In probability theory and statistics, the term Markov property refers to the memoryless property of a stochastic process, which means that its future evolution is independent of its history. It is named after the Russian mathematician Andrey Markov. The term strong Markov property is similar to the Markov property, except that the meaning of "present" is defined in terms of a random variable known as a stopping time.

The term Markov assumption is used to describe a model where the Markov property is assumed to hold, such as a hidden Markov model.

A Markov random field extends this property to two or more dimensions or to random variables defined for an interconnected network of items. An example of a model for such a field is the Ising model.

A discrete-time stochastic process satisfying the Markov property is known as a Markov chain.
Dobriša Vas
Dobriša Vas (pronounced [dɔˈbɾiːʃa ˈʋaːs]; Slovene: Dobriša vas, German: Dobritschendorf) is a settlement in the Municipality of Žalec in east-central Slovenia. It lies on the left bank of the Savinja River southeast of the town of Žalec. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Municipality of Žalec
The Municipality of Žalec (pronounced [ˈʒaːləts] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Žalec) is a municipality in Slovenia in the traditional region of Styria. The seat of the municipality is the town of Žalec. The municipality was established in its current form on 7 August 1998, when the former larger municipality of Žalec was divided into six smaller municipalities.
Market fragmentation
Fragmentation in a technology market happens when a market is composed of multiple highly-incompatible technologies or technology stacks, forcing prospective buyers of a single product to commit to an entire product ecosystem, rather than maintaining free choice of complementary products and services.

Two common varieties of fragmentation are market fragmentation and version fragmentation.
Fragmentation is the opposite of, and is solved by standardization.

Customer
In sales, commerce, and economics, a customer (sometimes known as a client, buyer, or purchaser) is the recipient of a good, service, product, or an idea, obtained from a seller, vendor, or supplier via a financial transaction or an exchange for money or some other valuable consideration.
Realme C35
The Realme C35 (stylized as realme C35) is a budget-level smartphone, developed by Realme. It was unveiled on February 10, 2022.

Additionally, under the Narzo series, the Realme Narzo 50A Prime (stylized as realme narzo 50A Prime) was introduced, which is positioned as an improved version of Realme Narzo 50A and differs from the realme C35 by a weaker processor and its back panel design.

Realme
Realme (stylized in all lowercase) is a multinational Chinese consumer electronics manufacturer based in Shenzhen, Guangdong. It was founded by Li Bingzhong (known as Sky Li) and Madhav Sheth on May 4, 2018, who was a former vice president of Oppo. Realme became the fastest-growing 5G smartphone brand in Q3 2021.

In June 2020, the number of Realme's global smartphone users reached 35 million, and AIoT product sales broke a record of 1 million. According to Counterpoint Statistics, Realme ranked 7th in the ranking of the number of smartphones produced globally in the first quarter of 2020, with an annual growth rate of 157%, ranking first in the world.

As of 2024, Realme claimed to be in  27 markets worldwide, including Asia, Europe, Russia, Australia, and Egypt.

Realme announced on 7 January 2026 that it was being integrated into Oppo as a sub-brand, in efforts to pool resources and cut costs.