hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elsbeth Schragmüller
Elsbeth Schragmüller (7 August 1887, Schlüsselburg near Petershagen, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire — 24 February 1940, Munich, Nazi Germany), also known as Fräulein Doktor and Mademoiselle Docteur, as well as Fair Lady, La Baronne and Mlle. Schwartz, was a German university professor-turned-spymaster for Abteilung III b in German-occupied Belgium during World War I.

General Government of Belgium
The Imperial German General Government of Belgium (German: Kaiserliches Deutsches Generalgouvernement Belgien) was a German Army occupation administration which administered one of the three separate occupation zones established in German-occupied Belgium during the First World War.
Yinka Ayenuwa
Yinka Ayenuwa listenⓘ(born 2 May 1986 in Warri) is a Nigerian weightlifter. He competed in the men's 69 kg event at the 2014 Commonwealth Games where he won a silver medal. In 2015, he won 3 silver medals at the African Games.

Weightlifting at the 2015 African Games
Weightlifting at the 2015 African Games in Brazzaville was held between September 7–9, 2015 while Powerlifting was held on September 11 and 12, 2015.

It also counted as 2015 African Weightlifting Championships. Only total medals counted for African Games while snatch and clean & jerk medals counted for the African Weightlifting Championships.

The women's -53 kg gold medallist Elizabeth Onuah of Nigeria was stripped of her medals for doping.
KROE
KROE (930 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a News Talk Information format. Licensed to Sheridan, Wyoming, United States, the station is currently owned by Lovcom, Inc. and features programming from CBS News Radio, Fox News Radio, NBC News Radio, Compass Media Networks, Genesis Communications Network, Premiere Networks, USA Radio Network, and Westwood One.

All Lovcom stations are located in the Sheridan Media Radio Center, at 1716 KROE Lane on Sheridan's East Side.

USA Radio Network
USA Radio Network is an American mass media company, specializing in 24/7 news coverage, long-form talk radio shows, produced and distributed with a generally conservative focus.

USA Radio Network produces and distributes 24-hour news, talk, information, opinion and entertainment radio programming to approximately 1,100 radio stations around the world on two full-time satellite channels and through various digital protocol systems.

USA Radio has no connection to Versant's USA Network.
Confidential (TV series)
Confidential, a joint venture between Foxtel and News Limited, is an Australian weekly entertainment news show. Talking about the latest in Australian gossip and celebrities. The program is based on the highly successful Confidential column in News Limited newspapers around the country, and is Australia's answer to E! News. The program made its debut on 6 June 2007.

E! News
E! News, previously known as E! News Daily and E! News Live, is the entertainment news operation for the cable network E! in the United States. Its former on-air weekday newscast debuted on September 1, 1991, and primarily reports on celebrity news and gossip, along with previews of upcoming films and television shows, regular segments about all of those three subjects, along with overall film and television industry news. The linear operation was cancelled on September 25, 2025.
Manju Puri
Manju Puri is an economist who currently works as the J. B. Fuqua Professor of Finance at the Fuqua School of Business at Duke University.

She is an editor at the Review of Financial Studies and currently the director of the American Finance Association.

Puri is director of the Center for Financial Research at the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). In 2015–2016, she was on the Federal Reserve Board Model Validation Council.

American Finance Association
The American Finance Association (AFA) is an academic organization whose focus is the study and promotion of financial economics.  It was formed in 1939.  Its main publication, the Journal of Finance, was first published in 1946.
Frederick Davis Shaw
Frederick Davis Shaw (August 4, 1909 – December 9, 1977) was a Canadian politician who served in Parliament.

Shaw was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1940 federal election, in the electoral district of Red Deer under the banner of the Social Credit Party. He was re-elected in 1945, 1949, 1953 and 1957.  In the 1958 election he was defeated by Progressive Conservative candidate Harris Rogers.

After his defeat Shaw moved to British Columbia, where he tried twice to re-enter Parliament.  He stood as the Social Credit candidate in the federal elections of 1962 and 1963 in the electoral district of Okanagan Boundary against incumbent Progressive Conservative Member of Parliament David Vaughan Pugh.  He was defeated both times.

"Jack" as he was known, was married to Eva.  They had three sons, Douglas, Donald and Frederick Jr., and a daughter Patricia born on the day of Queen Elizabeth's coronation, June 2, 1953.

Social Credit Party of Canada
The Social Credit Party of Canada (French: Parti Crédit social du Canada), colloquially known as the Socreds, was a populist political party in Canada that promoted social credit theories of monetary reform. It was the federal wing of the Canadian social credit movement.
Zeno of Sidon
Zeno of Sidon (Ancient Greek: Ζήνων ὁ Σιδώνιος; c. 150 – c. 75 BC) was a Greek Epicurean philosopher from the Seleucid city of Sidon. His writings have not survived, but there are some epitomes of his lectures preserved among the writings of his pupil Philodemus.

Robert Drew Hicks
Robert Drew Hicks (29 June 1850 – 8 March 1929) was a classical scholar, and a fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge.

The son of William Hicks, head clerk in the post office at Bristol, Hicks was born in 1850, was educated at Bristol Grammar School, and entered Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1868. Graduating BA in 1874, he became a fellow of Trinity in 1876. He was college lecturer in classics from 1884 to 1900. He married Bertha Mary Heath in 1896, who herself held an MA in classics from the University of London. His brother-in-law was Sir Thomas Heath. Between 1898 and 1900 Robert Hicks became blind, but he nevertheless produced most of his major works after this time, aided by his wife. He died at his home, Fossedene, at Mount Pleasant, Cambridge, is buried at the Parish of the Ascension Burial Ground in Cambridge.
Edmund Stone
Edmund Stone (c. 1690 – March or April 1768) was an autodidact Scottish mathematician who lived in London and primarily worked as an editor of mathematical and scientific texts and translator from French and Latin into English. He is especially known for his translations of  Nicholas Bion's Mathematical Instruments (1723, 1758) and the Marquis de l'Hospital's  Analyse des Infiniment Petits (1730), and for his New Mathematical Dictionary (1726, 1743). Stone was celebrated for having risen from uneducated gardener's son to accomplished scholar.

Journal de Trévoux
The Journal de Trévoux (French pronunciation: [ʒuʁnal də tʁevu]), formally the Mémoires pour l'Histoire des Sciences & des beaux-Arts (French pronunciation: [memwaʁ puʁ listwaʁ de sjɑ̃s e de boz‿aʁ]), but often called the Mémoires de Trévoux (French pronunciation: [memwaʁ də tʁevu]), was an influential academic journal that appeared monthly in France between January 1701 and December 1782. The journal published critical reviews of contemporary books and papers on a broad range of subjects, mostly non-fiction. Its editors and most of the authors were members of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), although they played down their connection with the order. However, when it came to questions of religion, morality or politics they did not attempt to remain neutral.
William Cunliffe Lister
William Cunliffe Lister (13 December 1809 – 12 August 1841) was a British Whig politician, and barrister.

Born in Addingham, Yorkshire, Lister was the son of Ellis Cunliffe Lister—who, between 1832 and 1841, was a Whig Member of Parliament (MP) for Bradford—and Mary née Kay.

First educated at Charterhouse School, in 1825 he was then admitted to Trinity College, Cambridge, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in 1831, before being called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn in 1834.

He followed his father into politics, becoming a Whig MP for the same constituency when his father retired at the 1841 general election, but died, unmarried, just over a month later.

Bradford (UK Parliament constituency)
Bradford was a parliamentary constituency in Bradford, in the West Riding of Yorkshire.

It returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1832 until it was abolished for the 1885 general election.

It was then split into three new constituencies: Bradford Central, Bradford East, and Bradford West.
Wendy Artin
Wendy Artin is an American painter. She primarily works in watercolor and charcoal. Her work is figurative and classical and explores the timeless interaction of light with surfaces on architecture and the human body.

Artin grew up in Newton, Massachusetts, where she climbed trees, walked on her hands, rode a unicycle, and drew constantly. As a child and young adult she spent a great deal of time traveling and living abroad, sketching in streets, cafés, museums. She met her husband, Bruno Boschin, when her travels took her to Italy and into his bookstore, the Libreria del Viaggiatore (The Bookshop of the Traveller), in Rome.

On March 7, 2023, The Institute of Classical Architecture & Art (ICAA) announced that Artin was the 2023 winner of the Arthur Ross Award for Excellence in the Classical Tradition in FINE ARTS.

Arion Press
Arion Press is an American book publishing company in San Francisco. Founded in San Francisco in 1974, it publishes limited-edition books illustrated by notable artists using letterpress equipment dating to the 1910s. Everything needed to make the books including the custom fonts are hand made on-site, making the press more vertically integrated than most. The books are custom creations tailored to each work being republished.
MixSingh
Harmeet Singh Khanna, popularly known as MixSingh, is an Indian music composer. He is primarily recognized for his compositions in Punjabi music.

He has composed Punjabi songs like "Sakhiyaan" & "Ik Tera" Sung By Maninder Buttar, "Sorry" by Neha Kakkar, "Saara India" by Aastha Gill, "Phone Maar Di" by Gurnam Bhullar, "Tera Mera Viah" & "Shopping" by Jass Manak and "Light Weight" by Kulwinder Billa and Maninder Buttar's Debut album "Jugni" .

Jass Manak
Jaspreet Singh Manak (born 12 February 1999) is an Indian singer-songwriter. He is known predominantly for the songs "Prada", "Suit Punjabi", "Lehanga", "Viah" and "Boss". His single "Lehanga" has featured on the UK Asian Music Chart and also the Global YouTube weekly chart.
Kajauli Waterworks
Kajauli Waterworks is water supply department of Punjab located on the Bhakra mainline canal near Morinda in Ropar. It completes the water requirement of Chandigarh, Mohali and Chandimandir.

In 1983 agreement of water distribution from Bhakra through Kajauli, it was signed that it will be supplied to Mohali, Chandigarh, Chandimandir and Panchkula. The Kajauli waterworks was to have various phases. Four phases has been completed, from which 20 MGD(Millions of gallons per day) of water is available from each phase. The water from Kajauli reaches to treatment plant of Chandigarh in 39 Sector and it fed 5 other waterworks of the city includes Sector 52, 37,32,26 and 12. From Single phase, Chandigarh is receiving 14.5 Million Gallon, Mohali 2.5 MGD, Chandimandir 1.5 MGD and Panchkula 1.5 MGD.

Rupnagar
Rupnagar (/ˈrʊpnəɡər/; formerly known as Ropar or Rupar) is a city and a municipal council in Rupnagar district in the Indian state of Punjab. Rupnagar is a newly created fifth Divisional Headquarters of Punjab comprising Rupnagar, Mohali, and its adjoining districts. It is also one of the bigger sites belonging to the Indus Valley civilization. Rupnagar is nearly 47 km (29 mi) to the northwest of Chandigarh (the nearest airport and the capital of Punjab) and nearly 36 kilometres (22 mi) from Baddi- Barotiwala- Nalagarh (BBN) industrial corridor in Solan district of Himachal Pradesh. It is bordered by Himachal Pradesh to the north and Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar district to its west.

There are many historical and religious places in Rupnagar, including gurdwaras such as Gurdwara Bhatha Sahib, Gurdwara Bhubour Sahib, Gurdwara Solkhian and Gurudwara Tibbi Sahib.
Iris glaucescens
Iris glaucescens is a plant species in the genus Iris and subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, found in Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China. It has blue-grey sickle-shaped leaves, slender stem, and spring flowers in blue-violet, pale violet, lilac-purple, to deep purple, to light bluish, and almost white shades. It is rarely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. It was merged with another similar iris in the region, and became a synonym of Iris scariosa, before being divided into two separate species again, although some sources still call it a synonym of Iris scariosa.

National Museum of Natural History, France
In France, the National Museum of Natural History (French: Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle [myzeɔm nɑsjɔnal distwaʁ natyʁɛl]; MNHN) is the national natural history museum of France and a grand établissement of higher education part of Sorbonne University. The main museum, with four galleries,  is located in Paris, France, within the Jardin des Plantes on the left bank of the River Seine. It was formally founded in 1793, during the French Revolution, but was begun even earlier in 1635 as the royal garden of medicinal plants. The museum now has 14 sites throughout France.

Since the 2014 reform, it has been headed by a chairman, assisted by deputy managing directors. The Museum has a staff of approximately 2,350 members, including six hundred researchers. It is a member of the national network of naturalist collections (RECOLNAT).
Zhang Lei (actor)
Zhang Lei (born 20 December 1972), is a Chinese actor best known for his role as "journalist Ga Yu" in the 2004 Movie Kekexili: Mountain Patrol film by Chinese director Lu Chuan (陆川). He is currently an artist of National Theatre Company of China - NTCC (中国国家话剧院).

National Theatre Company of China
The National Theater of China or National Theater Company of China (simplified Chinese: 中国国家话剧院; traditional Chinese: 中國國家話劇院), based in Beijing, is China's national theatrical company, founded on December 25, 2001 with the merger of China National Youth Theater (simplified Chinese: 中国青年艺术剧院; traditional Chinese: 中國青年藝術劇院) and China National Experimental Theater (simplified Chinese: 中央实验话剧院; traditional Chinese: 中央實驗話劇院).

It is known for presenting China's best theatrical performances. In addition, its affiliated actors are considered among the best in China, including:

Male Actors

Actresses
Tobago Express
Tobago Express was a scheduled passenger airline based in Trinidad and Tobago.  It operated as a sister airline of BWIA West Indies Airways and operated between the Arthur Napoleon Raymond Robinson International Airport (formerly Crown Point Airport) located in Tobago and Piarco International Airport located in Trinidad.

Piarco International Airport
Piarco International Airport (IATA: POS, ICAO: TTPP) is an international airport serving the island of Trinidad and is one of two international airports in Trinidad and Tobago. The airport is 30 km (19 mi) east of Downtown Port of Spain, in the suburban town of Piarco. The airport is the primary hub and operating base for the country's national airline, as well as the Caribbean's largest airline, Caribbean Airlines.
2022 Leinster Senior Football Championship
The 2022 Leinster Senior Football Championship was the 2022 iteration of the Leinster Senior Football Championship organised by Leinster GAA.

The draws for the preliminary round and quarter-finals took place on Saturday 27 November 2021, while the draw for the semi-finals took place on Sunday 1 May 2022.

Dublin won the competition.

Leinster GAA
The Leinster Council is  a provincial council of the Gaelic Athletic Association sports of hurling, Gaelic football, camogie, rounders and handball in the province of Leinster.

As of 2008, there were 834 clubs affiliated to the county boards of the Leinster Council.
Croton gratissimus
Croton gratissimus (commonly known as lavender croton or lavender fever berry), is a tropical African shrub or small tree with corky bark, growing to 8 m and belonging to the family of Euphorbiaceae or spurges. Young twigs are slender and angular and covered in silver and rust-coloured scales.

The species occurs in Ethiopia, South Sudan, Sudan, Kenya, Uganda, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, the Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Nigeria, Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe and the northern parts of South Africa. It is often found in rocky terrain.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Gmina Lipnica
Gmina Lipnica (Kashubian: Gmina Lëpińce) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Lipnica, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south of Bytów and 90 km (56 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 309.57 square kilometres (119.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,796.

Mayor of the municipality is Andrzej Lemańczyk.

Kashubian language
Kashubian (/kəˈʃuːbiən/) or Cassubian (/kəˈsuːbiən/; endonym: kaszëbsczi jãzëk; Polish: język kaszubski) is a West Slavic language belonging to the Lechitic subgroup.

Approximately 87,600 people use mainly Kashubian at home. It is the only remnant of the Pomeranian language. It is close to standard Polish with influence from Low German and the extinct Polabian (West Slavic) and Old Prussian (West Baltic) languages.

The Kashubian language exists in two different forms: vernacular dialects used in rural areas, and literary variants used in education.
Lulada
Lulada is a traditional Colombian beverage from Cali, in the Valle del Cauca Department of Colombia. It is prepared from lulo, a fruit common to the region, lime juice, water, and sugar for sweetness. It often has the texture and consistency of a smoothie and is sometimes served with a shot of aguardiente. A lulada differs from the standard lulo juice in that the lulo fruit is not blended during the drink's preparation; instead, the fruit pulp is chopped by hand and beaten with a grinder.

Common variations may include the addition of condensed milk or alcohol.

Condensed milk
Condensed milk is cow's milk from which water has been removed (roughly 60% of it). It is most often found with sugar added, in the form of sweetened condensed milk, to the extent that the terms "condensed milk" and "sweetened condensed milk" are often used interchangeably today. Sweetened condensed milk is a very thick, sweet product, which when canned can last for years without refrigeration if not opened. The product is used in numerous dessert dishes in many countries.

A related product is evaporated milk, which has undergone a lengthier preservation process because it is not sweetened.
Mayoral elections in Huntsville, Alabama
Mayoral elections in Huntsville are held every four years to elect the mayor of Huntsville, Alabama.

Huntsville's mayoral elections are non-partisan, but most candidates can be affiliated with political parties. Huntsville uses a two-round system, where election runoffs are held if no candidate obtains the majority of the vote.

Nonpartisanship
Nonpartisanship, also known as nonpartisanism, is a lack of affiliation with a political party and a lack of political bias.

While an Oxford English Dictionary definition of partisan includes adherents of a party, cause, person, etc., in most cases, nonpartisan refers specifically to political party connections rather than being the strict antonym of "partisan".
Street Warriors
Street Warriors are an Australian hip-hop duo. The group is made up of brothers Abie and Warwick Wright from Local Knowledge. They perform in both English and the Awabakal language.

In 2007 Street Warriors released their debut EP, Real Knows Real. This was followed, in 2009, by their debut album, Unstoppable Force,
which was launched by Peter Garrett in 2009. It includes appearances by Shannon Noll and Anthony Mundine. The album included a single, "Solid Rock" with Shannon Noll (a re-working of the ARIA Award-winning song by Goanna), which saw them nominated for a Deadly for Single of the Year backing up their deadly nomination in 2008. The group was named Band of the Year at the Deadly Awards 2013.

Deadly Awards
The Deadly Awards, formally titled National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Music, Sport, Arts and Community Awards and commonly known simply as The Deadlys, was an annual celebration of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander achievement in music, sport, entertainment and community. The event was hosted by Vibe Australia, founded by Gavin Jones in 1993, and was held from 1995 to 2013, when government funding was cut.

The Dreamtime Awards are a successor in recognising Indigenous achievements.
31st Cavalry Regiment (United States)
The 31st Cavalry is a historical organization within the United States Army and the Alabama Army National Guard that began as a Troop of Cavalry under "The Alabama Militia Law of 1820". The unit was constituted on 24 July 1821 in the Alabama Militia as the 1st Regiment Cavalry Troop at Jackson, Alabama

Eutaw, Alabama
Eutaw (/ˈjuːtɔː/ YOO-taw) is a city in and the county seat of Greene County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census, its population was 2,937. The city was named in honor of the Battle of Eutaw Springs, the last engagement of the American Revolutionary War in the Carolinas.
Supplier-furnished equipment
In aviation, when an aircraft is built and delivered, it will come with supplier-furnished equipment (SFE): materials and parts provided by the manufacturer.

The opposite of SFE is buyer-furnished equipment (BFE), which is purchased by the buyer and given to the aircraft manufacturer to be installed before delivery by the manufacturer. BFE includes preferred galley equipment (ovens for example). In many cases, the aircraft is designed to accommodate BFE during the initial engineering phase.

In contrast is buyer-installed equipment (BIE). BIE is when provision is made for specific equipment the buyer will buy and install- e.g., first aid kits and life vests.

Galley (kitchen)
The galley is the compartment of a ship, train, or aircraft where food is cooked and prepared. It can also refer  to a land-based kitchen on a naval base, or, from a kitchen design point of view, to a straight design of the kitchen layout.