hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shooting at the 2015 Pan American Games – Men's 50 metre rifle prone
The Men's 50 metre rifle prone shooting event at the 2015 Pan American Games will be held on July 17 at the Pan Am Shooting Centre in Innisfil.

The event consisted of two rounds: a qualifier and a final. In the qualifier, each shooter fired 60 shots with a .22 Long Rifle at 50 metres distance from the prone position. Scores for each shot were in increments of 1, with a maximum score of 10.

The top 8 shooters in the qualifying round moved on to the final round. There, they fired an additional 10 shots. These shots scored in increments of .1, with a maximum score of 10.9. The total score from all 70 shots was used to determine final ranking.

The winners of all fifteen events, along with the runner up in the men's air rifle, skeet, trap and both women's rifle events will qualify for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (granted the athlete has not yet earned a quota for their country).

Innisfil
Innisfil is a town in Ontario, Canada, located on the western shore of Lake Simcoe in Simcoe County, immediately south of Barrie and 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Toronto. It has historically been a rural area, but  since it is geographically sandwiched between the high-growth areas of Barrie and the York Region, there has been growing residential development in Innisfil.
Amoeba (mathematics)
In complex analysis, a branch of mathematics, an amoeba is a set associated with a polynomial in one or more complex variables. Amoebas have applications in algebraic geometry, especially tropical geometry.

Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.  A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton.

Mathematics typically does not define precisely what constitutes a "set" or "collection", because such a definition would have to be in terms of something else previously defined.  Instead, sets serve as foundational objects whose behavior is described by axioms modeled on intuition about collections, and then essentially all other mathematical objects are rigorously defined in terms of sets.

Set theory studies possible axiom systems and their consequences.
Since the first half of the 20th century, ZFC (Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice) has been the axiom system most commonly used.
DMG-PEG 2000
DMG-PEG 2000 is a synthetic lipid formed by the PEGylation of myristoyl diglyceride. It is used to manufacture lipid nanoparticles that are used in mRNA vaccines, and in particular forms part of the drug delivery system for the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine.

Lipid-based nanoparticle
Lipid-based nanoparticles are very small spherical particles composed of lipids.  They are a novel pharmaceutical drug delivery system (part of nanoparticle drug delivery), and a novel pharmaceutical formulation.  There are many subclasses of lipid-based nanoparticles such as: lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs).

Sometimes the term "LNP" describes all lipid-based nanoparticles. In specific applications, LNPs describe a specific type of lipid-based nanoparticle, such as the LNPs used for the mRNA vaccine.

Using LNPs for drug delivery was first approved in 2018 for the siRNA drug Onpattro. LNPs became more widely known late in 2020, as some COVID-19 vaccines that use RNA vaccine technology coat the fragile mRNA strands with PEGylated lipid nanoparticles as their delivery vehicle (including both the Moderna and the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines).
Simon Faithfull
Simon Faithfull (born 1966) is an English artist based in Berlin and London. His work has been widely exhibited in both international solo and group exhibitions, including Musee des Beaux Arts (Calais), Fabrica (Brighton), FRAC Basse Normandie (France), The British Film Institute Gallery, London; Haus am Waldsee, Berlin; CRAC Alsace, France, Stills, Edinburgh; and the 52nd Venice Biennale in 2007 as part of ArtSway's New Forest Pavilion.

British Antarctic Survey
The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) is the United Kingdom's national polar research institute. It has a dual purpose, to conduct polar science, enabling better understanding of global issues, and to provide an active presence in the Antarctic on behalf of the UK. It is part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). With over 400 staff, BAS takes an active role in Antarctic affairs, operating five research stations, one ship and five aircraft in both polar regions, as well as addressing key global and regional issues. This involves joint research projects with over 40 UK universities and more than 120 national and international collaborations.

Having taken shape from activities during World War II, it was known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey until 1962.
Cardioglossa alsco
Cardioglossa alsco is a species of frog in the family Arthroleptidae. It is endemic to Cameroon and is known from its type locality on southern slopes of the Tschabal Mbabo Mountains as well as from the Gotel Mountains, both in the Adamawa Region. Its range might extend into Nigeria. The specific name alsco is a patronym for the American Linen Supply Company (ALSCO). The company's German branch supported the expedition during which this species was discovered.

Arthroleptidae
The Arthroleptidae /ˌɑːrθroʊˈlɛptɪdiː/ are a family of frogs found in sub-Saharan Africa. This group includes African treefrogs in the genus Leptopelis along with the terrestrial breeding squeakers Arthroleptis, and several genera restricted to the Guinean forests of central and west Africa, such as the hairy frog (Trichobatrachus).
Boulder Ridge
Boulder Ridge is a 6,852-foot (2,088-metre) elevation mountain ridge located in the eastern Olympic Mountains in Jefferson County of Washington state. It is set within Buckhorn Wilderness on land managed by the Olympic National Forest. The nearest higher neighbor is Alphabet Ridge, 0.94 mi (1.51 km) to the south, and Buckhorn Mountain rises 1.3 mi (2.1 km) to the north. Precipitation runoff from Boulder Ridge drains east into headwaters of the Big Quilcene River, west into tributaries of Dungeness River, and south into Charlia Lakes, thence Tunnel Creek.

Jefferson County, Washington
Jefferson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 32,977. The county seat and only incorporated city is Port Townsend. The county is named for Thomas Jefferson.

Jefferson County was formed out of Thurston County on December 22, 1852, by the legislature of Oregon Territory, and included the northern 4,854-square-mile (12,571.8 km2) portion of the Olympic Peninsula. On April 26, 1854, the legislature of Washington Territory created Clallam County from the northwestern 2,670-square-mile (6,915.3 km2) portion of this original area.

The Hood Canal Bridge connects Jefferson County to Kitsap County, Washington. The Coupeville-Port Townsend route of the Washington State Ferries connects the county to Whidbey Island in Island County, Washington.
Flash flood warning
A flash flood warning (SAME code: FFW) is a severe weather warning product of the National Weather Service that is issued by national weather forecasting agencies throughout the world to alert the public that a flash flood is imminent or occurring in the warned area. A flash flood is a sudden, violent flood after a heavy rain, or occasionally after a dam break. Rainfall intensity and duration, topography, soil conditions, and ground cover contribute to flash flooding.

Most flash floods occur when there is a heavy amount of precipitation falling in an area and that water is then channeled through streams or narrow gullies. Flash floods may take minutes or hours to develop. It is possible to experience a flash flood without witnessing any rain.

Flash flood
A flash flood is a rapid flooding of low-lying areas: washes, rivers, dry lakes and depressions. It may be caused by heavy rain associated with a severe thunderstorm, hurricane, or tropical storm, or by meltwater from ice and snow. Flash floods may also occur after the collapse of a natural ice or debris dam, or a human structure such as a man-made dam, as occurred before the Johnstown Flood of 1889. Flash floods are distinguished from regular floods by having a timescale of fewer than six hours between rainfall and the onset of flooding.

Flash floods are a significant hazard, causing more fatalities in the U.S. in an average year than lightning, tornadoes, or hurricanes. They can also deposit large quantities of sediments on floodplains and destroy vegetation cover not adapted to frequent flood conditions.
Oasis Academy Mayfield
Oasis Academy Mayfield is a city academy in Southampton, England, run by Oasis Community Learning (a foundation established by the Oasis Trust) with approximately 900 pupils.

The Academy was established in 2008, when two local secondary schools merged; Woolston School Language College in Porchester Road, Woolston, and Grove Park Business and Enterprise College in the Grove, Weston.

National Curriculum for England
The National Curriculum for England is the statutory standard of school subjects, lesson content, and attainment levels for primary and secondary schools in England. It is compulsory for local authority-maintained schools, but also often followed by independent schools and state-funded academies. It was first introduced by the Education Reform Act 1988 as simply The National Curriculum and applied to both England and Wales. However, education later became a devolved matter for the Welsh government.

The National Curriculum for England has been updated multiple times since its introduction. As of 2024, the current version in use dates from 2014.
Frederick S. Wight
Frederick S. Wight (June 1, 1902 – July 26, 1986) was a multi-talented cultural leader who played a significant role in transforming Los Angeles into a major art center. An influential educator at the University of California, Los Angeles, who presented museum-quality exhibitions at the campus gallery later named the Wight Art Gallery, Wight was also a highly accomplished painter and writer. In his final years he concentrated on his painting, producing radiant landscapes that appear to be animated by mysterious, spiritual forces.

Art competitions at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Art competitions were held as part of the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States.  Medals were awarded in five categories (architecture, literature, music, painting, and sculpture), for works inspired by sport-related themes.

Art competitions were part of the Olympic program from 1912 to 1948, but were discontinued due to concerns about amateurism and professionalism.  Since 1952, a non-competitive art and cultural festival has been associated with each game.
Swimming at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's 200 metre breaststroke
The men's 200 metre breaststroke event at the 1948 Olympic Games took place between 5 and 7 August at the Empire Pool. This swimming event used the breaststroke. Because an Olympic-size swimming pool is 50 metres long, this race consisted of four lengths of the pool.

John Davies' time was recorded by the timekeepers to be 0.2s faster than the bronze medallist Bob Sohl of the United States.  However, the judges believed that Sohl had touched first and awarded him the bronze.

Breaststroke
Breaststroke is a swimming style in which the swimmer is on their chest and the torso does not rotate. It is the most popular recreational style due to the swimmer's head being out of the water a large portion of the time, and that it can be swum comfortably at slow speeds. In most swimming classes, beginners learn either the breaststroke or the freestyle (front crawl) first. However, at the competitive level, swimming breaststroke at speed requires endurance and strength comparable to other strokes. Some people refer to breaststroke as the "frog" stroke because the arms and legs move somewhat like a frog swimming in the water. The stroke itself is the slowest of any competitive strokes and is thought to be the oldest of all swimming strokes.
Ron King (basketball)
Ron King (born July 11, 1951) is a retired American basketball player.  He played for the Kentucky Colonels in the American Basketball Association (ABA).

A 6'4" shooting guard from Louisville, Kentucky, was Kentucky Mr. Basketball as a senior at Central High School.  He chose Florida State for college, where, as a junior, he led the Seminoles to the 1972 National Championship game, where they lost to UCLA 81–76.  King scored 1,252 points in his college career (19.6 per game) and set the school single-game scoring record with 46 against Georgia Southern on February 11, 1971.

After graduation, King was drafted by the Golden State Warriors in the fourth round (63rd pick overall) of the 1973 NBA draft.  He signed instead with the Kentucky Colonels of the ABA, playing one season and averaging 7.1 points per game in the 1973–74 season.

Central High School (Louisville, Kentucky)
Central High School, formally known as Central High Magnet Career Academy, is a public high school located in downtown Louisville, Kentucky, United States. Founded in 1870, it was the first African-American high school in the state of Kentucky. It was a segregated school for African American students from 1870 until 1956. It was formerly known as Central Colored High School.
Church of the Transfiguration (Zaymo-Obryv)
The Church of the Transfiguration of the Savior (Russian: Церковь Спаса Преображения) is a Russian Orthodox church in the village of Zaymo-Obryv, Azovsky District, Rostov Oblast, Russia. It belongs to the Diocese of Rostov and Novocherkassk of Moscow Patriarchate and was built in 1910. It is also an object of cultural heritage of Russia.

Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus'
The Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus' (Russian: Патриарх Московский и всея Руси, romanized: Patriarkh Moskovskiy i vseya Rusi), also known as the Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia, is the title of the primate of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC). It is often preceded by the honorific "His Holiness". As the ordinary of the diocese of Moscow, the office holder's direct canonical remit extends only to Moscow; however, as the patriarch, the office holder has a number of church-wide administrative powers as laid down by the charter of the ROC.

The patriarchate was established in 1589 when the status of the Russian metropolitan was elevated, with Job becoming the first patriarch. The patriarchate was abolished in 1721 by Peter the Great and replaced with the Most Holy Synod as the supreme governing body of the ROC, before being restored on 10 November [O.S. 28 October] 1917, by decision of the All-Russian Local Council. The current patriarch is Kirill, who acceded to the position in 2009.
José Antonio Gali Fayad
José Antonio Gali Fayad (Spanish pronunciation: [xoˈse anˈtonjo ˈɣali faˈʝað]; born November 25, 1959) is a Mexican politician affiliated to the PAN. He was the Governor of Puebla and previously served as the municipal president of Puebla City from 2014 to 2016.

New Alliance Party (Mexico)
The New Alliance Party (Spanish: Partido Nueva Alianza, PNA or PANAL) is a state-level (previously national, until 2018) political party in Mexico founded in 2005.

Its creation was proposed by the Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación (SNTE, National Union of Education Workers), the largest trade union in Latin America, led by Elba Esther Gordillo, the controversial former general secretary of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).
Aisa Kirabo Kacyira
Aisa Kirabo Kacyira (1963 or 1964 – 12 August 2025) was a Rwandan diplomat who was Deputy Executive Director Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) from 2011 to 2018. In this capacity, she played a significant role in developing sustainable cities and human settlements across the world, working closely with both governmental and non-governmental organizations. She was once the Governor of the Eastern Province of Rwanda, and was the Mayor of Kigali from 2006 to 2011.

United Nations Human Settlements Programme
The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) is the United Nations programme for human settlements and sustainable urban development. It was established in 1977 as an outcome of the first United Nations Conference on Human Settlements and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat I) held in Vancouver, Canada, in 1976.  UN-Habitat maintains its headquarters at the United Nations Office at Nairobi, Kenya. It is mandated by the United Nations General Assembly to promote socially and environmentally sustainable towns and cities with the goal of providing adequate shelter for all. It is a member of the United Nations Development Group. The mandate of UN-Habitat derives from the Habitat Agenda, adopted by the United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II) in Istanbul, Turkey, in 1996. The twin goals of the Habitat Agenda are adequate shelter for all and the development of sustainable human settlements in an urbanizing world.
Star, Russia
Star (Russian: Старь) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia:

Urban localities

Star, Bryansk Oblast, a work settlement in Dyatkovsky District of Bryansk Oblast; 53°38′N 34°09′E﻿ / ﻿53.633°N 34.150°E﻿ / 53.633; 34.150

Rural localities

Star, Novgorod Oblast, a village in Marevskoye Settlement of Maryovsky District in Novgorod Oblast

Maryovsky District
Maryovsky District (Russian: Марёвский район) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Demyansky District in the north, Ostashkovsky and Penovsky Districts of Tver Oblast in the southeast, Andreapolsky District of Tver Oblast and Kholmsky District in the southwest, Poddorsky District in the west, and with Starorussky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,800 square kilometers (690 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Maryovo. District's population: 4,673 (2010 census); 5,711 (2002 Census); 6,835 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Maryovo accounts for 49.2% of the district's total population.
Nosson Tzvi Finkel (Slabodka)
Nosson Tzvi Finkel (Hebrew: נתן צבי פינקל, Sephardic/Israeli: Natan Tzvi; Yiddish: נָטע הערש, romanized: Nota Hirsch; 1849–1927) was an influential Lithuanian Jewish leader of Orthodox Judaism in Eastern Europe and founder of the Slabodka yeshiva, in the town of Sloboda Vilyampolskaya (now Vilijampolė, a suburb of Kaunas). He is also known by the Yiddish appellation der Alter ("the Elder") and as the Alter of Slabodka. Many of his pupils were to become major leaders of Orthodox Judaism in the USA and Israel.

Hildesheimer Rabbinical Seminary
The Hildesheimer Rabbinical Seminary (officially in German: Rabbinerseminar für das orthodoxe Judenthum in Berlin until 1880, thereafter Rabbiner-Seminar zu Berlin; in Hebrew: בית המדרש לרבנים בברלין, Bet ha-midrash le-Rabanim be-Berlin) was founded in Berlin on 22 October 1873 by Rabbi Dr. Israel Hildesheimer for the training of rabbis in the tradition of Orthodox Judaism.
Gambaga College of Education
Gambaga College of Education is a teacher education college in Gambaga (East Mamprusi District, North East Region, Ghana) established in 2013. The college is located in Northern Zone. It is one of the about 46 public colleges of education in Ghana. The college participated in the DFID-funded T-TEL programme. It is affiliated with the University of Development Studies.

Gambaga
Gambaga is the capital of the East Mamprusi Municipal Assembly in the North East Region of Ghana. Once a residence of Mamprusi-kings it is still the capital of East Mamprusi Municipal Assembly, a municipality in the North East Region of Ghana. It is home to several ancient Mossi chiefs' gravesites.

From 1901 until 1957 Gambaga served as the capital of the Northern Territories of the Gold Coast, which was a British protectorate and a separate jurisdiction from the Gold Coast.

Gambaga, along with other places in Ghana, is the site of a camp for alleged witches. A 2011 documentary film directed by Yaba Badoe is entitled The Witches of Gambaga.
Syrtlanovo, Meleuzovsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan
Syrtlanovo (Russian: Сыртланово; Bashkir: Һыртлан, Hırtlan) is a rural locality (a village) in Ishtuganovsky Selsoviet, Meleuzovsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 335 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

Meleuzovsky District
Meleuzovsky District (Russian: Мелеу́зовский райо́н; Bashkir: Мәләүез районы, Mäläwez rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the republic and borders with Sterlitamaksky and Ishimbaysky Districts in the north, Burzyansky District in the east, Kugarchinsky and Kuyurgazinsky Districts in the south, Fyodorovsky District in the west, and with Sterlibashevsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 3,234 square kilometers (1,249 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Meleuz (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 27,159.
Marty Klein
Marty Ralph Klein (born 1950) is an American sex therapist, author, educator and public policy analyst. Klein has spent his career supporting the healthy sexual expression of men, women and couples in a wide range of ways. He is critical of censorship, the concepts of sex addiction and porn addiction, as well as the anti-pornography movement. He believes that public policy relating to sexuality should be driven by scientific data rather than emotion, "tradition" or popular but untrue myths.  He has been a participant in various state, federal and international court cases dealing with the First Amendment, obscenity, censorship and "harmful to minors" laws.

Sex therapy
Sex therapy is a therapeutic strategy for the improvement of sexual function and treatment of sexual dysfunction. This includes dysfunctions such as premature ejaculation and delayed ejaculation, erectile dysfunction, lack of sexual interest or arousal, and painful sex (vaginismus and dyspareunia); as well as problems imposed by atypical sexual interests (paraphilias), gender dysphoria (and being transgender), highly overactive libido or hypersexuality, a lack of sexual confidence, and recovering from sexual abuse (such as rape or sexual assault); and also includes sexual issues related to aging, illness, or disability.
Imam Alimsultanov
Imampasha Vakharbiyevich Alimsultanov (Chechen: Алимсултанов Вахарбин кӏант Имампаша, romanized: Alimsultanov Vaxarbin khant Imampaşa; Russian: Имампаша Вахарбиевич Алимсултанов) (June 22, 1957 – November 10, 1996) was a popular Chechen bard and folk singer.

Chechens
The Chechens (/ˈtʃɛtʃɛnz, tʃəˈtʃɛnz/ CHETCH-enz, chə-CHENZ; Chechen: Нохчий, Noxçiy, Old Chechen: Нахчой, Naxçoy), historically also known as Kisti and Durdzuks, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples native to the North Caucasus. They are the largest ethnic group in the region and refer to themselves as Nokhchiy (pronounced [no̞xtʃʼiː]; singular Nokhchi, Nokhcho, Nakhchuo or Nakhche). The vast majority of Chechens are Muslims and live in Chechnya, an autonomous republic within the Russian Federation.

The North Caucasus has been invaded numerous times throughout history. Its isolated terrain and the strategic value outsiders have placed on the areas settled by Chechens has contributed much to the Chechen community ethos and helped shape its national character.

Chechen society is largely egalitarian and organized around tribal autonomous local clans, called teips, informally organized into loose confederations called tukkhums.