hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Howie Heggedal
Howard Leonard Heggedal (September 15, 1949 – September 30, 2017) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. During the 1972–73 season, Heggedal played eight games in the World Hockey Association with the Los Angeles Sharks.

Los Angeles Sharks
The Los Angeles Sharks were an ice hockey team that played in the World Hockey Association (WHA) from 1972 to 1974.  Their primary home arena was the Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena but they sometimes played at the Long Beach Sports Arena when the Sports Arena had other contractual obligations.  After the 1973–74 season, the franchise moved to Detroit to become the Michigan Stags and again mid-season to Baltimore to become the Baltimore Blades.

The franchise was originally meant to be called the Los Angeles Aces, but took the "Sharks" name after the proposed San Francisco Sharks franchise (not to be confused with the current NHL San Jose Sharks) was transferred to Quebec and became the Nordiques before the WHA began play. They kept the original colors from the name Aces; red and black being the colors of the suits in a deck of cards.
Milan Opačić
Milan Opačić (Serbian Cyrillic: Милан Опачић; born 16 July 1960) is a Serbian basketball administrator, coach and sports manager.

Opačić is a former executive director of the Association of Basketball Coaches of Yugoslavia and former general manager of Crvena zvezda.

Executive director
Executive director is commonly the title of the chief executive officer (CEO) of a company, a non-profit organization, government agency or international organization.

It generally has the same meaning as CEO or managing director.

The title may also be used by a member of a board of directors for a corporation, such as a company, cooperative or nongovernmental organization, who usually holds a specific managerial position with the corporation. In this context the role is usually contrasted with a non-executive director who usually holds no executive, managerial role with the corporation, but purely an advisory role.

There is much national and cultural variation in the exact definition of an executive director.
Philip of St Frideswide
Philip of St Frideswide (died after 1191) was an Augustinian canon and head of the Priory of St Frideswide, Oxford.

Philip's identity beyond that of prior is unknown. Gerald of Wales refers to him simply as 'Prioris […] sancte fridheswide Philippi'. He has thus been known in scholarship under names such as 'Philippus de S. Fridiswida', although Richard Sharpe suggested 'Philip of Oxford'.

Philip is the author of a collection of miracles attributed to Frithuswith, The Miracles of St Frideswide (Miracula sancte Frideswide). In the work, he names himself as prior on the day of the translation of her relics, 12 February 1180.

Richard Sharpe (historian)
Richard Sharpe, FBA, FSA, FRHistS, Hon. MRIA (17 February 1954 – 22 March 2020) was a British historian and academic, who was Professor of Diplomatic at the University of Oxford and a fellow of Wadham College, Oxford. His broad interests were the history of medieval England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales. He had a special concern with first-hand work on the primary sources of medieval history, including the practices of palaeography, diplomatic and the editorial process, as well as the historical and legal contexts of medieval documents. He was the general editor of the Corpus of British Medieval Library Catalogues, and editor of a forthcoming edition of the charters of King Henry I of England.
Key-recovery attack
A key-recovery attack is an adversary's attempt to recover the cryptographic key of an encryption scheme. Normally this means that the attacker has a pair, or more than one pair, of plaintext message and the corresponding ciphertext.: 52  Historically, cryptanalysis of block ciphers has focused on key-recovery, but security against these sorts of attacks is a very weak guarantee since it may not be necessary to recover the key to obtain partial information about the message or decrypt message entirely.: 52  Modern cryptography uses more robust notions of security. Recently, indistinguishability under adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack (IND-CCA2 security) has become the "golden standard" of security.: 566  The most obvious key-recovery attack is the exhaustive key-search attack. But modern ciphers often have a key space of size  or greater, making such attacks infeasible with current technology.

Ciphertext
In cryptography, ciphertext or cyphertext is the result of encryption performed on plaintext using an algorithm, called a cipher. Ciphertext is also known as encrypted or encoded information because it contains a form of the original plaintext that is unreadable by a human or computer without the proper cipher to decrypt it. This process prevents the loss of sensitive information via hacking. Decryption, the inverse of encryption, is the process of turning ciphertext into readable plaintext. Ciphertext is not to be confused with codetext, because the latter is a result of a code, not a cipher.
Projection micro-stereolithography
Projection micro-stereolithography (PμSL) adapts 3D printing technology for micro-fabrication.  Digital micro display technology provides dynamic stereolithography masks that work as a virtual photomask. This technique allows for rapid photopolymerization of an entire layer with a flash of UV illumination at micro-scale resolution. The mask can control individual pixel light intensity, allowing control of material properties of the fabricated structure with desired spatial distribution.

Materials include polymers, responsive hydrogels, shape memory polymers and bio-materials.

Microactuator
A microactuator is a microscopic servomechanism that supplies and transmits a measured amount of energy for the operation of another mechanism or system. As a general actuator, following standards have to be met:

Large travel

High precision

Fast switching

Low power consumption

Power free force sustainability

For microactuator, there are two in addition

Microstructurability

Integrability
Cornelius Rosse
Cornelius Rosse is an academic educator and author in the field of anatomy, combined with foundational and applied ontology. He is a Professor Emeritus of the University of Washington School of Medicine.

He is known as the principal investigator of the Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA) ontology. He is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science  and the American College of Medical Informatics, and he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2001.

Foundational Model of Anatomy
The Foundational Model of Anatomy Ontology (FMA) is a reference ontology for the domain of human anatomy. It is a symbolic representation of the canonical, phenotypic structure of an organism; a spatial-structural ontology of anatomical entities and relations which form the physical organization of an organism at all salient levels of granularity.

FMA is developed and maintained by the Structural Informatics Group at the University of Washington.
Harry Mummery
Harold "Mum" Mummery (August 25, 1889 – December 9, 1945) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman. Mummery played professionally from 1911 until 1923, including six seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Toronto Arenas, Quebec Bulldogs, Montreal Canadiens and Hamilton Tigers. He was a three-time O'Brien Cup champion and a two-time winner of the Stanley Cup. Mummery's six assists as an NHL rookie in the 1918 Stanley Cup Finals set an NHL-era record still unbroken.

At the time of his career, Mummery was the largest player ever in the NHA and NHL, playing at 245 pounds in his NHL years and he was known to eat two steaks before hockey games. Mummery appeared in three games as an NHL goaltender in an era when teams didn't dress a backup netminder, making him the skater to have played the most games in net. He suited up as a goaltender twice with Quebec and once with Hamilton.

Hamilton Tigers
The Hamilton Tigers were a professional ice hockey team based in Hamilton, Ontario, that competed in the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1920 to 1925. The Tigers were formed by the sale of the Quebec Bulldogs NHL franchise to Hamilton interests. After years of struggling, the franchise finished first in the league in the 1924–25 NHL season, but a players' strike before the playoffs resulted in the franchise's dissolution. The players' contracts were sold to New York City interests to stock the expansion New York Americans. A namesake amateur team existed prior to and during the NHL team's existence, and a minor league professional team named the Hamilton Tigers existed from 1926 to 1930.
Dolenja Vas pri Raki
Dolenja Vas pri Raki (pronounced [dɔˈleːnja ˈʋaːs pɾi ˈɾaːki]; Slovene: Dolenja vas pri Raki, German: Niederdorf) is a settlement southwest of Raka in the Municipality of Krško in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Lower Sava Statistical Region
The Lower Sava Statistical Region (Slovene: posavska statistična regija; until December 31, 2014 spodnjeposavska statistična regija) is a statistical region in Slovenia. It has good traffic accessibility and is located in the Sava and Krka Valleys, with hilly areas with vineyards and an abundance of water. It is the second-smallest statistical region in Slovenia. The only nuclear power plant in the country and Čatež spa are located in the region. The region annually spends EUR 22 million on environmental protection. In 2013, the employment rate in the region was 57.5%. The region was characterized by the largest difference between the employment rate for men and for women (for men it was 12 percentage points higher than for women). In 2013 this region also stood out in number of convicted persons per 1,000 population (8.3).
Rollaround
Rollaround is an isometric 3D puzzle video game published by Mastertronic in 1987 for the Commodore 64 and 1988 for the ZX Spectrum and Amstrad CPC. The game is a combination of Marble Madness and Q*bert, with the player controlling a ball on a map made up of tiles which change pattern or colour when touched. A level is completed when a specific number of tiles have been changed in this way.

1988 in video games
1988 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such as Dragon Quest III, Super Contra, Mega Man 2, Double Dragon II: The Revenge, and Super Mario Bros. 3, along with new titles such as Assault, Altered Beast, Capcom Bowling, Ninja Gaiden, RoboCop, Winning Run and Chase H.Q.

The year's highest-grossing arcade video games were After Burner and After Burner II in Japan, Double Dragon in the United States, Operation Wolf in the United Kingdom, and RoboCop in Hong Kong. The year's best‑selling home system was the Nintendo Entertainment System (Famicom) for the fifth year in a row, while the year's best-selling home video games were Dragon Quest III in Japan and Super Mario Bros./Duck Hunt in the United States.
Oaro
Oaro is a settlement close to the Pacific Ocean Coast of north Canterbury, in the South Island of New Zealand.

Oaro is within Kaikōura District on State Highway 1 and on the South Island Main Trunk railway, 20 kilometres south of Kaikōura. It lies on a small flood plain close to the mouth of the Oaro River, which reaches the ocean just to the north of Oaro. The headland of Piripaua (Spyglass Point) and the associated Haumuri Bluff are located just to the south of the settlement.

There is some conjecture about Oaro's etymology, though it is definitely Māori; it has been suggested that it could mean "the place at the front", "the place of swamp", or "the place of a wish". Alternatively it could mean "The place of Aro", which may have been the name of a prominent local Māori individual.

The area around Oaro was badly affected by the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake.

South Island Main Trunk
The Main North Line between Picton and Christchurch and the Main South Line between Lyttelton and Invercargill, running down the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand, are sometimes together referred to collectively as the South Island Main Trunk (SIMT). Construction of a line running the length of the east coast began in the 1860s and was completed all the way from Picton to Invercargill in 1945; the last sections being on the Main North Line south of Picton. The designation "South Island Main Trunk" originally referred to only that line between Christchurch and Invercargill.
RAISE-4
RAISE-4 (RApid Innovative payload demonstration SatellitE-4) is a smallsat for technology demonstration developed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI). Part of the Japanese space agency JAXA's Innovative Satellite Technology Demonstration Program, RAISE-4 carries multiple technologies that were selected for in-orbit demonstration. RAISE-4 was launched on a dedicated Electron rocket flight, 'Raise And Shine' in December 2025.

Small satellite
A small satellite, miniaturized satellite, or smallsat is a satellite of low mass and size, usually under 1,200 kg (2,600 lb). While all such satellites can be referred to as "small", different classifications are used to categorize them based on mass. Satellites can be built small to reduce the large economic cost of launch vehicles and the costs associated with construction.  Miniature satellites, especially in large numbers, may be more useful than fewer, larger ones for some purposes – for example, gathering of scientific data and radio relay.  Technical challenges in the construction of small satellites may include the lack of sufficient power storage or of room for a propulsion system.
Raabs an der Thaya
Raabs an der Thaya is a municipality with 3,114 inhabitants in Waidhofen an der Thaya (district) in the Waldviertel of Lower Austria, near the Austrian border with the Czech Republic. About 27.6 percent of the municipality is forested.

The German Thaya and the Moravian Thaya unite to form the Thaya at Raabs. Raabs Castle, built in the last half of the 11th century, has been exonymically called Rakous (formerly Rakús) by neighbouring Czechs, which is the origin in the Czech, in Old Polish Rakusy and Slovak name for Austria as a whole, Rakousko/Rakúsko.

Lower Austria
Lower Austria (German: Niederösterreich pronounced [ˈniːdɐˌ(ʔ)øːstɐraɪç] ⓘ, Bavarian: Niedaöstareich, abbreviated LA or NÖ) is one of the nine states of Austria, located in the northeastern corner of the country. Major cities are Amstetten, Krems an der Donau, Wiener Neustadt and Sankt Pölten, which has been the capital of Lower Austria since 1986, replacing Vienna, which became a separate state in 1921. With a land area of 19,186 km2 (7,408 sq mi) and a population of 1.7 million people, Lower Austria is the largest and second-most-populous state in Austria (after Vienna).
Ippolit Dioumoulen
Ippolit Ippolitovich Dioumoulen (Russian: Ипполи́т Ипполи́тович Дюмуле́н, 12 May 1927 – 26 September 2016) was a Soviet and Russian international economist, developer of Russian foreign trade policy and the Customs Union legislation, a key figure in the negotiations for Russia's accession to the WTO. Adviser for Economic Policy, Budget and Finance for the Russian Parliament.

For his research in international economic relations he was awarded the title of Honoured Scientist of the Russian Federation.

Legislation
Legislation is the process or result of enrolling, enacting, or promulgating laws by a legislature, parliament, or analogous governing body. Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill, and may be broadly referred to as "legislation" while it remains under consideration to distinguish it from other business. Legislation can have many purposes: to regulate, to authorize, to outlaw, to provide (funds), to sanction, to grant, to declare, or to restrict. It may be contrasted with a non-legislative act by an executive or administrative body under the authority of a legislative act.
Stevens Inquiries
The Stevens Inquiries were three official British government inquiries led by Sir John Stevens concerning collusion in Northern Ireland between loyalist paramilitaries and the state security forces. While Stevens declared in 1990 that collusion was "neither wide-spread nor institutionalised", by April 2003 he acknowledged that he had uncovered collusion at a level "way beyond" his 1990 view. Much of Stevens' evidence was obtained from advanced fingerprint techniques to link people to documents. By 2005 the team had identified 2,000 people from their prints with a further 1,015 sets of prints outstanding.

Inquiry
An inquiry (also spelled as enquiry in British English) is any process that has the aim of augmenting knowledge, resolving doubt, or solving a problem. A theory of inquiry is an account of the various types of inquiry and a treatment of the ways that each type of inquiry achieves its aim.
HMS Vanguard (S28)
The eleventh HMS Vanguard of the Royal Navy is the lead boat of her class of Trident ballistic missile-armed submarines. The submarine is based at Faslane, HMNB Clyde, Argyll, Scotland.

Vanguard was built at Barrow-in-Furness by Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering Ltd, later BAE Systems Submarine Solutions, was launched on 4 March 1992, and commissioned on 14 August 1993 in the presence of Diana, Princess of Wales.

BAE Systems Submarines
54°06′36″N 3°14′11″W﻿ / ﻿54.11000°N 3.23639°W﻿ / 54.11000; -3.23639

BAE Systems Submarines, is a wholly owned subsidiary of BAE Systems, based in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England, and is responsible for the development and production of submarines.

BAE Systems Submarines operates one of the few shipyards in the world capable of designing and building nuclear submarines, which has constructed all but three of the Royal Navy's nuclear-powered submarines since the commissioning of HMS Dreadnought in 1963. The exceptions were HMS Conqueror, HMS Renown and HMS Revenge, which were built by Cammell Laird.
Permanent Active Militia
Permanent Active Militia (PAM), also known as Permanent Force (PF),  was the proper name of Canada's full-time professional land forces from 1855 to 1940, when it was reorganized into the Canadian Army. PAM was in effect Canada's standing army, consisting of one regular infantry regiment and two cavalry regiments in 1914.

The counterpart to PAM was the Non-Permanent Active Militia (NPAM), which referred to the reserve force of the Canadian Militia. PAM and NPAM were distinct forces from the sedentary militias raised in Canada. Both organizations were reorganized into the Canadian Army in 1940.

Standing army
A standing army is a permanent, often professional, army. It is composed of full-time soldiers who may be either career soldiers or conscripts. It differs from army reserves, who are enrolled for the long term, but activated only during wars or natural disasters, and temporary armies, which are raised from the civilian population only during a war or threat of war, and disbanded once the war or threat is over. Standing armies tend to be better equipped, better trained, and better prepared for emergencies, defensive deterrence, and particularly, wars. The term dates from approximately 1600, although the phenomenon it describes is much older.
La casa de los famosos
La casa de los famosos (English: The House of the Famous) is an American Spanish-language version of the reality television franchise Celebrity Big Brother, adaptation of Big Brother. The show premiered on Telemundo on August 24, 2021.

This is the fifth adaptation of the international Big Brother format in the United States, after Gran Hermano which was also broadcast on Telemundo and English-language Big Brother broadcast on CBS.

In May 2025, the series was renewed for a sixth season that premiered on February 17, 2026.

Celebrity Big Brother
Celebrity Big Brother or Big Brother VIP is an adaptation of the Big Brother reality television series. It is the celebrity version of its parent franchise Big Brother, the celebrity version airs in several countries, however, the housemates or houseguests are local celebrities. The format of the celebrity version usually keeps the same as the original version. In some countries, the prize money normally awarded to the winning housemate is donated to a charity, and all celebrities are paid to appear in the show as long as they do not voluntarily leave before their eviction or the end of the series. The rest of the rules are nearly the same as those of the original version.
Furomurotsutsumi Dam
Furomurotsutsumi Dam is an earthfill dam located in Yamagata Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for irrigation. The catchment area of the dam is 0.8 km2. The dam impounds about 4  ha of land when full and can store 73 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was completed in 1948.

Yamagata Prefecture
Yamagata Prefecture (山形県, Yamagata-ken) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. It has a population of 1,005,926 (1 February 2025) and an area of 9,325 km2 (3,600 sq mi). Its neighbours are Akita Prefecture to the north, Miyagi Prefecture to the east, Fukushima Prefecture to the south, and Niigata Prefecture to the southwest.

The capital and largest city is Yamagata, with other major cities being Tsuruoka, Sakata and Yonezawa. The prefecture is located on Japan's western Sea of Japan coast and its borders with neighboring prefectures are formed by various mountain ranges, with 17% of its total land area being designated as Natural Parks. Yamagata Prefecture formed the southern half of the historic Dewa Province with Akita Prefecture and is home to the Three Mountains of Dewa, which includes the Haguro Five-story Pagoda, a recognised National Treasure of Japan.
Reach Out (Hilary Duff song)
"Reach Out" is a song recorded by American singer Hilary Duff from her first greatest hits album, Best of Hilary Duff (2008). It was released on October 27, 2008, by Hollywood Records as the only single from the album. The song was initially recorded for inclusion on a scrapped re-release of Duff's fourth studio album Dignity (2007). The song features uncredited vocals from American rapper R. Prophet. It was written by Martin Gore, Ryan "Alias" Tedder, Evan Bogart, Mika Guillory and produced by Tedder.

Hollywood Records
Hollywood Records is an American record label owned by the Disney Music Group which focuses on pop, rock, alternative, hip hop and country genres, also specializing in recordings for a more mature audience not suitable for the flagship Walt Disney Records label.

Founded in December 1989, its current roster includes Sofia Carson, Tini, Kevin Jonas, Area21, Queen, Little Image, Almost Monday, Joywave, Andy Grammer, Adrian Lyles, Freya Skye, and Kenzie. The label also releases soundtrack albums and digital releases from Marvel Studios, 20th Century Studios, Searchlight Pictures, ABC, National Geographic, Hulu, 20th Television, Freeform, FX Productions, and ESPN since their acquisitions by The Walt Disney Company.
Arthur Wijewardena
Sir Edwin Arthur Lewis Wijewardena, KC (21 March 1887 – 1964) was the 28th Chief Justice of Ceylon.

Educated at Ananda College, Colombo and S. Thomas' College, Mount Lavinia, Wijewardena graduated from University of Cambridge and qualified as a barrister. On his return to Ceylon he became an advocate. He took the entrance exam for the Ceylon Civil Service and passed, but was not admitted to failing the medical exam. He served as the solicitor general of Ceylon from 1936 to 1938 and was appointed King's Counsel. Appointed to the Supreme Court, Wijewardena was appointed Chief Justice in 1949 succeeding the acting Francis Soertsz and was Chief Justice until 1950. He was succeeded by Edward Jayetileke. He was knighted as a Knight Bachelor in the 1949 Birthday Honours.

Solicitor General of Sri Lanka
The solicitor general of Sri Lanka is a post subordinate to the attorney general of Sri Lanka. The solicitor general of Sri Lanka assists the attorney general, and is assisted by four additional solicitors general. Note that the post was solicitor general of Ceylon until Sri Lanka became a republic in 1972.