hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ringtail (disease)
Ringtail, also known as tail necrosis, is an epidermal disease that may occur in rats, mice, hamsters and other rodents.

In affected individuals, the tail swells as a consequence of annular constrictions along its length (hence the name "ringtail") and subsequent dehydration; in the most severe cases, the process may end up in the tail becoming gangrenous and dropping off.  Feet may also swell and redden.

Ringtail is traditionally attributed to low environmental humidity and high temperature, although a number of other possible causes have been suggested, from dietary deficiencies (low levels of fatty acids) to genetic predisposition.  For lab and pet rodents, poor bedding (i.e., overly absorbent bedding) or repeated blood draws from tail veins have also been identified as possible causes of ringtail.

Diet (nutrition)
In nutrition, diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other organism.
The word diet often implies the use of specific intake of nutrition for health or weight-management reasons (with the two often being related). Although humans are omnivores, each culture and each person holds some food preferences or some food taboos. This may be due to personal tastes or ethical reasons. Individual dietary choices may be more or less healthy.

Complete nutrition requires ingestion and absorption of vitamins, minerals, essential amino acids from protein and essential fatty acids from fat-containing food, also food energy in the form of carbohydrate, protein, and fat. Dietary habits and choices play a significant role in the quality of life, health and longevity.
1945 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1945.

Residue (chemistry)
In chemistry, residue is whatever remains or acts as a contaminant after a given class of events. Residue may be the material remaining after a process of preparation, separation, or purification, such as distillation, evaporation, or filtration. It may also denote the undesired by-products of a chemical reaction.

Residues as an undesired by-product are a concern in agricultural and food industries.
2018 Pro Mazda Championship
The 2018 Pro Mazda Championship was the 20th season in series history. It was the final season using the Pro Mazda name, as the series was re-branded as "Indy Pro 2000" for the 2019 season. A 16-race schedule was announced on 17 October 2017. This was the first season to use the new Tatuus PM-18 chassis and Mazda MZR piston engine. All prior engine packages for the series included a Mazda Wankel engine.

Mazda MZR engine
MZR is the brand name of a generation of Inline-four engines engineered and built by the Mazda Motor Corporation from 2001 to the present. MZR stands for "MaZda Responsive". The MZR generation includes gasoline and diesel powered engines ranging in displacements from 1.3 L to 2.5 L.

All gasoline-powered MZR engines feature an all-aluminum block construction with iron cylinder liners. The diesel MZR-CD engines use a cast-iron block (virtually identical to the Mazda F engine) and an aluminum cylinder head.
Quiver (mathematics)
In mathematics, especially representation theory, a quiver is another name for a multidigraph; that is, a directed graph where loops and multiple arrows between two vertices are allowed. Quivers are commonly used in representation theory: a representation V of a quiver assigns a vector space V(x) to each vertex x of the quiver and a linear map V(a) to each arrow a.

In category theory, a quiver can be understood to be the underlying structure of a small category, but without composition or a designation of identity morphisms.  That is, there is a forgetful functor from Cat (the category of small categories) to Quiv (the category of multidigraphs).  Its left adjoint is a free functor which, from a quiver, makes the corresponding free category.

Free object
In mathematics, the idea of a free object is one of the basic concepts of abstract algebra. Informally, a free object over a set A can be thought of as being a "generic" algebraic structure over A: the only equations that hold between elements of the free object are those that follow from the defining axioms of the algebraic structure. Examples include free monoids, free groups, tensor algebras, or free lattices.

The concept is a part of universal algebra, in the sense that it relates to all types of algebraic structure (with finitary operations). It also has a formulation in terms of category theory, although this is in yet more abstract terms.
Adansi West District
Adansi West District is a former district that was located in Ashanti Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988, which was created from the former Adansi District Council. However, on 17 February 2004, it was split out into three parts for three new districts: Obuasi Municipal District (capital: Obuasi), Adansi North District (capital: Fomena) and Adansi South District (capital: New Edubiase). The district assembly was located in the southern part of Ashanti Region and had Obuasi as its capital town.

Fomena
Fomena is a small town and the capital of the Adansi North District. The town is the seat of the paramount chief
of the Adansi traditional council. The town is known as the place where the Fomena treaty was signed.
Rațiu
Rațiu is a Romanian-language ethnonymic surname. It derives from the Hungarian-language term rác  ("Rascian", a historical term for Serbs). Notable people with the surname include:

the noble Rațiu family
Augustin Rațiu (1884–1970)
Basiliu Rațiu (1783–1870)
Ioan Rațiu (1828–1902)
Ion Rațiu (1917–2000), Romanian newspaper editor and politician
Mircea-Dimitrie Rațiu (1923–2011)
Nicolae Rațiu (1856–1932)
Tudor Ratiu (born 1950), Romanian-American mathematician

Alin Rațiu, Romanian former football player

Alexander Ratiu (1916–2002), Romanian Greek-Catholic priest

Andrei Rațiu (born 1998), Romanian footballer

Cosmin Rațiu, Romanian rugby union player

Daniela Rațiu, Romanian handball player

George-Adrian Ratiu, Romanian swimmer

Miron Rațiu, Romanian conductor and music educator

Tudor Ratiu, Romanian-American mathematician

Andrei Rațiu
Andrei Florin Rațiu (Romanian pronunciation: [anˈdrej floˈrin ˈrat͡sju]; born 20 June 1998) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a right-back for La Liga club Rayo Vallecano and the Romania national team.

Rațiu progressed through the Villarreal youth academy, but did not make his debut for the first team. After a loan spell at Dutch club ADO Den Haag between 2020 and 2021, he moved to Huesca. Two years later, he transferred to Rayo Vallecano, with which he registered his La Liga debut.

Rațiu made his senior international debut for Romania in September 2021, in a 2–0 win over Iceland. He represented the country in the UEFA Euro 2024.
Teresa Mota
Teresa Salomé Mota (born 1964/1965) is a Portuguese researcher and politician who served as co-Spokesperson of LIVRE from March 2022 to May 2024, along with the party's sole deputy Rui Tavares.

She was firstly a candidate for the European Parliament in 2019, in the 16th place of LIVRE's list, later being the main candidate from Braga in the same year's legislative election. In 2021, she was LIVRE's candidate for Mayor of Braga, only gaining 0,6% of the votes. She was once again the main candidate from Braga in the 2022 and 2024 legislative elections.

Braga District
Braga District (Portuguese: Distrito de Braga [ˈbɾaɣɐ] ⓘ) is a district in the northwest of Portugal. The district capital is the city of Braga, and it is bordered by the district of Viana do Castelo in the north, Vila Real in the east, Galicia (a Spanish autonomous community) in the northeast and Porto in the south. Its area is 2,673 km2 (1,032 sq mi) and it has a population of 831,368. It takes its name from the Bracarii, a Celtic tribe.
Tryst (album)
Tryst is a collaborative studio album by Australian recording artists Kate Ceberano and Paul Grabowsky, released on 3 May 2019. The album is a collection of love song and reinterpretations from the past 50 years.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2019 it won Best Jazz Album.

At the AIR Awards of 2020, the album won Best Independent Jazz Album or EP.

ARIA Award for Best Jazz Album
The ARIA Music Award for Best Jazz Album is an award presented within the Fine Arts Awards at the annual ARIA Music Awards.

The award for Best Jazz Album was first presented in 1987, when George Golla Orchestra, received a trophy for their album, Lush Life (1987). Paul Grabowsky has won the award seven times in various guises (leader of the Paul Grabowsky Trio, Paul Grabowsky Sextet, duet with Vince Jones, duet with Katie Noonan, duet with Kate Ceberano and as a member of Wizards Of Oz).
Visconti Castle (Cassano d'Adda)
The Visconti Castle or Castello Visconteo of Cassano is a castle of medieval origin in Cassano d'Adda, Lombardy, Northern Italy. Its current form dates back to the 14th century, when Bernabò Visconti, lord of Milan, enlarged the existing fortification as part of a defensive system of the Visconti dominions on the Adda river. At the end of the 20th century, after a period of abandonment, it was restored and transformed into a hotel.

Bernabò Visconti
Bernabò or Barnabò Visconti (1323 – 19 December 1385) was an Italian soldier and statesman who was Lord of Milan. Along with his brothers Matteo and Galeazzo II, he inherited the lordship of Milan from his uncle Giovanni. Later in 1355, he and Galeazzo II were rumored to have murdered their brother Matteo since he endangered the regime. When Galeazzo II died, he shared Milan's lordship with his nephew Gian Galeazzo. Bernabò was said to be ruthless towards his subjects and did not hesitate to face emperors and popes, including Pope Urban V. The conflict with the Church caused him several excommunications. On 6 May 1385, his nephew Gian Galeazzo deposed him. Imprisoned in his castle, Trezzo sull'Adda, he died a few months later, presumably from poisoning.
Gautam Ashram
Gautam Ashram (Sanskrit: गौतम आश्रम ) refers to the gurukul and residence hermitage of the ancient Vedic sage Maharshi Gautam in Mithila. In epic Ramayana, when Lord Rama along with teacher Vishwamitra and brother Lakshmana was traveling towards the Mithila Kingdom, they also came to the Gautam Ashram. There they stayed for some time. According Ramcharitmanas, Lord Rama freed Ahalya from the curse given by her husband Maharshi Gautam. It is the sacred place where the deliverance of Ahalya took place in the epic Ramayana.

Lakshmana
Lakshmana (Sanskrit: लक्ष्मण, lit. 'the one endowed with auspicious signs', IAST: Lakṣmaṇa), also known as Laxmana, Lakhan, Saumitra, and Ramanuja, is the younger brother of Rama in the Hindu epic Ramayana. He is considered as an incarnation of Shesha, the lord of serpents. Lakshmana was married to Urmila, and is known for his loyalty and dedication towards Rama.

Lakshmana was born to King Dasharatha of Ayodhya and Queen Sumitra. Shatrughna, is his twin brother. He was married to Urmila, after his brother Rama married Sita in her swayamvara. Lakshmana devoted himself to Rama since childhood and accompanied him during his fourteen-year exile, serving him and Sita endlessly. He also played a pivotal role in the war and killed Meghanada. Lakshmana is worshipped in Hinduism, at various places in India, alongside Rama and Sita.
2002 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 1500 metre freestyle
The men's 1500 metre freestyle competition at the 2002 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 29 at the Yokohama International Swimming Pool.  The last champion was Grant Hackett of Australia.

This event was a timed-final where each swimmer swam just once.

Yokohama International Swimming Pool
Yokohama International Swimming Pool (横浜国際プール, Yokohama Kokusai Pūru) is a swimming venue in Yokohama, Japan. The main pool is converted to a basketball arena in fall and winter by setting up panels on the floor. This sports court can be slippery.  This arena is home of the B.League basketball club Yokohama B-Corsairs.
Honda J-VX
The Honda J-VX was the hybrid sports concept car manufactured by Honda. It was the first Honda car to employ the Integrated Motor Assist electric hybrid system and was initially unveiled at the Tokyo Motor Show in October 1997.

It achieved 30 km/L (71 mpg‑US) and featured a 1.0 liter, three-cylinder VTEC engine, supercapacitor electrical storage, an all-glass roof, airbag-like "air belts", used lightweight materials, and aerodynamic design. Eventually, it would evolve into the Honda VV, a pre-production prototype of the Honda Insight.

Concept car
A concept car (also known as a concept vehicle or show vehicle) is a car made to showcase new styling or new technology. Concept cars are often exhibited at motor shows to gauge customer reaction to new and radical designs which may or may not be produced.

General Motors designer Harley Earl is generally credited with inventing the concept car, and did much to popularize it through its traveling Motorama shows of the 1950s.

Concept cars never go into production directly. In modern times, all would have to undergo many changes before the design is finalized for the sake of practicality, safety, regulatory compliance, and cost. A "production-intent" prototype, as opposed to a concept vehicle, serves this purpose.
Hyeon Soo Lim
Hyeon Soo Lim (Korean: 임현수; born February 16, 1955) is a Canadian pastor of the Light Korean Presbyterian Church in Mississauga. He is a South Korean-born Canadian citizen. He was operating humanitarian efforts in North Korea providing tens of millions of dollars' worth of aid before disappearing in February 2015. The DPRK had arrested him and in December 2015, Lim was sentenced to life with hard labour for crimes against the North Korean regime.

In August 2017, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau sent a Canadian international government delegation to Pyongyang to discuss the case. Lim was released from detention on August 9, 2017, and arrived in Canada on August 12, 2017.

Rajin-guyok
Rajin-guyŏk (Korean pronunciation: [ɾadʑin ɡujʌk]) is a North Korean ward on Rason in the Sea of Japan (East Sea of Korea) in the North Pacific Ocean on the northeast tip of North Korea. It is in the Kwanbuk region and location in the south of Rason. North of it lies the North Korea–Russia border.
Grabonoš
Grabonoš (pronounced [ɡɾabɔˈnoːʃ] or [ˈɡɾaːbɔnɔʃ]) is a village in the Municipality of Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional Styria region and is now included in the Mura Statistical Region.

A small chapel in the settlement dates to the second half of the 19th century and contains a statue of Saint Mary from around 1900.

Municipality of Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici
The Municipality of Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici (pronounced [ˈsʋeːti ˈjuːɾii̯ ɔp ˈʃtʃaːu̯nitsi]; Slovene: Občina Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici) is a municipality in the traditional region of Styria in northeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici. Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici became a municipality in 1994.
Wojciech Rajski
Wojciech Rajski (born 9 July 1948) is a Polish conductor, and the founder and current Artistic Director of the Polish Chamber Philharmonic Orchestra Sopot. His recordings can be heard on such labels as Deutsche Grammophon, Dux Records, and EMI Classics.

Dux Records
Dux is a Polish classical recording label. It was founded in 1992 by sound engineers Małgorzata Polańska and Lech Tołwiński.

The label specialises in Polish artists and Polish composers. Many DUX recordings are premiere recordings, such as Karol Kurpiński's opera Zamek na Czorsztynie and piano works by Jadwiga Sarnecka. The label is the associate record label of Wratislavia Cantans festival and of the Warsaw Chamber Opera.
North Westmorland
North Westmorland can refer to:

The Barony of Westmorland, which was the northern part of the English traditional county of Westmorland.

The North Westmorland Rural District, which was an administrative district in Westmorland in the late 20th century.

North Westmorland Rural District
54°35′20″N 2°31′05″W﻿ / ﻿54.589°N 2.518°W﻿ / 54.589; -2.518
North Westmorland was a rural district in Westmorland, England from 1935 to 1974.  It now forms part of the Eden district of Cumbria.  It was formed in 1935 by the merger of the East Westmorland Rural District, Shap urban district and most of West Ward Rural District.

The district entirely surrounded the Appleby municipal borough.
Willibald
Willibald (Latin: Willibaldus; c. 700 – c.787) was an 8th-century bishop of Eichstätt in Bavaria.

Information about his life is largely drawn from the Hodoeporicon of Willibald, a text written in the 8th century by Huneberc, an Anglo-Saxon nun from Heidenheim am Hahnenkamm who knew Willibald and his brother personally. The text of the Hodoeporicon ("Itinerary") was dictated to Huneberc by Willibald shortly before he died.

Willibald's father was Richard the Pilgrim, and his mother Wuna of Wessex. His brother was Winibald and his sister was Walburga.

Willibald was well-travelled and the first known Englishman to visit the Holy Land. His shrine is at the Eichstätt Cathedral in Germany, where his body and relics from his journeys are preserved.

His feast day is 7 July.

Diocese of Eichstätt
The Diocese of Eichstätt (Latin: Dioecesis Eystettensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in Bavaria. Its seat is Eichstätt, and it is subordinate to the archbishop of Bamberg. The diocese was created in 745; it was a state in the Holy Roman Empire (the Prince-Bishopric of Eichstätt) starting in a Middle Ages until 1803. The most recent bishop who led the Diocese of Eichstätt is  Dr. Gregor Maria Hanke, OSB; formerly the Abbot of the Benedictine Abbey of Plankstetten, he was named to the See by Pope Benedict XVI on 14 October 2006, and he was consecrated at the Cathedral of Eichstätt on 2 December 2006. The diocese covers an area of 6,025 km2, with 48.9% (as per 31 December 2006) of the population being Roman Catholic.
1945 Yugoslav First Basketball League
The 1945 Yugoslav First Basketball League season was the inaugural season of the Yugoslav First Basketball League, the top-tier level basketball competition in Yugoslavia. The league launched with 5 teams playing a single-elimination tournament held in Subotica, PR Serbia. Teams participating in the season were selections of three Yugoslav constituent republics (PR Croatia, PR Macedonia, and PR Serbia), one autonomous province (AP Vojvodina), as well as the Yugoslav People's Army selection. The tournament concluded with the Yugoslav Army team defeating the Serbia team, 21–18, in the Final.

Socialist Republic of Croatia
The Socialist Republic of Croatia (Serbo-Croatian: Socijalistička Republika Hrvatska), commonly abbreviated as SR Croatia and referred to as simply Croatia, was a constituent republic and federated state of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. By its constitution, modern-day Croatia is its direct continuation.

Along with five other Yugoslav republics, Croatia was formed during World War II and became a socialist republic after the war. It had four full official names during its 48-year existence (see below). By territory and population, it was the second largest republic in Yugoslavia, after the Socialist Republic of Serbia.

In 1990, the government dismantled the single-party system of government – installed by the League of Communists – and adopted a multi-party democracy. The newly elected government of Franjo Tuđman moved the republic towards independence, formally seceding from Yugoslavia in 1991 and thereby contributing to its dissolution.
Dick Campbell (footballer, born 1953)
Richard Menzies Campbell BEM (born 22 November 1953) is a Scottish football manager and former player, who manages East Fife.

Campbell's playing career was low-profile and he is more known for his management career which includes successful lengthy spells at Brechin City, Forfar Athletic and Arbroath. Campbell has also managed Cowdenbeath, Dunfermline Athletic, Partick Thistle and Ross County. He has achieved seven promotions at five clubs with the highlights taking Brechin from the fourth tier to the second tier and repeated the feat with Arbroath many years later. He was appointed East Fife manager in February 2024.

Scottish League One
The Scottish League One, known as William Hill League One for sponsorship reasons, is the third tier of the Scottish Professional Football League, the league competition for men's professional football clubs in Scotland. The Scottish League One was established in July 2013, after the Scottish Professional Football League was formed by a merger of the Scottish Premier League and Scottish Football League.
Bernard Clayton Jr.
Bernard Clayton Jr. (December 25, 1916 – March 28, 2011) was an American newspaper reporter, and foreign correspondent, author, and baker, who wrote cookbooks on bread, and pastries. Far less well known than his peer, James Beard, Clayton's books were equally regarded by those who baked, and by generations of home chefs who picked up the myriad revised editions of several of his books.

James Beard
James Andrews Beard (May 5, 1903 – January 21, 1985) was an American chef, cookbook author, teacher and television personality. He pioneered television cooking shows, taught at The James Beard Cooking School in New York City and Seaside, Oregon, and lectured widely. He emphasized American cooking, prepared with fresh and wholesome American ingredients, to a country just becoming aware of its own culinary heritage. Beard taught and mentored generations of professional chefs and food enthusiasts. He published more than twenty books, and his memory is honored by his foundation's annual James Beard Awards.
Pinoy Idol
Pinoy Idol (transl. Filipino idol) is a 2008 Philippine television interactive reality competition show broadcast by GMA Network. Created and developed by FremantleMedia and 19 Entertainment, the program is a franchise of Pop Idol created by British entertainment executive Simon Fuller, the show is the second incarnation of Philippine Idol.

Hosted by Raymond Gutierrez, with Ogie Alcasid (singer, songwriter, and record producer), Jolina Magdangal (singer and actress), and Wyngard Tracy (retired talent manager) as judges, it premiered on April 4, 2008. The show concluded on August 17, 2008, with a total of 37 episodes.

19 Entertainment
19 Entertainment Inc. is a producer of entertainment properties for television with a focus on music owned by Sony Pictures Television through its nonfiction division. Founded by Simon Fuller in London in 1985, the company co-produced Pop Idol in the United Kingdom with Thames Television in 2001. The Idol series has since become one of the most successful entertainment formats, sold to more than seventy countries around the world, including American Idol in the United States. 19 Entertainment is also responsible for the production of So You Think You Can Dance.
Jongkolphan Kititharakul
Jongkolphan Kititharakul (Thai: จงกลพรรณ กิติธรากุล; born 1 March 1993) is a Thai badminton player who specialized in doubles. She was the women's doubles gold medalist at the 2017 SEA Games, also part of the team that clinched the women's team gold medals in 2015, 2017, 2019, 2021 and 2023.

Badminton at the 2019 SEA Games
The badminton competitions at the 2019 SEA Games in the Philippines were held at Muntinlupa Sports Complex in Muntinlupa, Metro Manila. The 2019 Games featured competitions in seven tournaments (3 men tournaments, 3 women tournaments, and 1 mixed tournament).