hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polioptila
Polioptila is a genus of small insectivorous birds in the family Polioptilidae. They are found in North and South America.

The genus Polioptila was introduced by the English zoologist Philip Sclater in 1855. Although he listed several members, he did not specify a type species.  This was designated by the American ornithologist Spencer Baird in 1864 as Montacilla caerulea, Linnaeus, now the blue-grey gnatcatcher, Polioptila caerulea. The name of the genus combines the Ancient Greek words πολιος polios "grey" and πτιλον ptilon "plumage".

The genus contains 16 species:

Spencer Fullerton Baird
Spencer Fullerton Baird (/ˈbɛərd/; February 3, 1823 – August 19, 1887) was an American naturalist, ornithologist, ichthyologist, herpetologist, and museum curator. Baird was the first curator to be named at the Smithsonian Institution. He eventually served as assistant Secretary of the Smithsonian from 1850 to 1878, and as Secretary from 1878 until 1887. He was dedicated to expanding the natural history collections of the Smithsonian which he increased from 6,000 specimens in 1850 to over 2 million by the time of his death. He also served as the U.S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries from 1871 to 1887 and published over 1,000 works during his lifetime.
2017 FIBA U16 Women's European Championship Division C
The 2017 FIBA U16 Women's European Championship Division C was the 13th edition of the Division C of the FIBA U16 Women's European Championship, the third tier of the European women's under-16 basketball championship. It was played in Gibraltar from 25 to 30 July 2017. Armenia women's national under-16 basketball team won the tournament.

FIBA U16 Women's EuroBasket
The FIBA U16 Women's EuroBasket is the new name for the FIBA U16 Women's European Championship, originally known as the FIBA European Championship for Cadettes. It's a women's youth basketball competition that was inaugurated with the 1976 edition. Through the 2003 edition, it was held every second year, but since the 2004 edition onward, it is held every year. The tournament serves as a qualification for the FIBA Under-17 Women's Basketball World Cup in odd years, for the FIBA Europe region. The current champions are Finland.
Formatotrophs
Formatotrophs are organisms that can assimilate formate or formic acid to use as a carbon source or for reducing power. Some authors classify formatotrophs as one of the five trophic groups of methanogens, which also include hydrogenotrophs, acetotrophs, methylotrophs, and alcoholotrophs. Formatotrophs have garnered attention for applications in biotechnology as part of a "formate bioeconomy" in which synthesized formate could be used as a nutrient for microorganisms. Formate can be electrochemically synthesized from CO2 and renewable energy, and formatotrophs may be genetically modified to enhance production of biochemical products to be used as biofuels. Technical limitations in culturing formatotrophs have limited the discovery of natural formatotrophs and impeded research on their formate-metabolizing enzymes, which are of interest for applications in carbon sequestration and astrobiology.

Hydrogenotroph
Hydrogenotrophs are organisms that are able to metabolize molecular hydrogen as a source of energy.

An example of hydrogenotrophy is performed by carbon dioxide-reducing organisms which use CO2 and H2 to produce methane (CH4) by the following reaction:

CO2 + 4H2  →  CH4 + 2H2O

Other hydrogenotrophic metabolic pathways include acetogenesis, sulfate reduction, and other hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria. Those that metabolize methane are called methanotrophs. Hydrogenotrophs belong to a group of organisms known as methanogens, organisms that carry out anaerobic processes that are responsible for the production of methane through carbon dioxide reduction. Methanogens also include a group of organisms called methylotrophs, organisms that can use single-carbon molecules or molecules with no carbon-carbon bonds.
Königlich Bayerisches Amtsgericht
Königlich Bayerisches Amtsgericht (Royal Bavarian District Court) is a German comedy television series.  It was produced by ZDF in the years 1968 to 1972 and contains 52 episodes.

It is set in the fictional town of Geisbach in Lower Bavaria, a province of the Kingdom of Bavaria, in itself a part of the German Empire, shortly before World War I and revolves around the court proceedings of the local Königlich Bayerisches Amtsgericht.

Almost all actors speak with a Bavarian dialect.

The series features many famous Bavarian actors like Gustl Bayrhammer, Hans Baur and Max Grießer.

Lower Bavaria
Lower Bavaria (German: Niederbayern, pronounced [ˈniːdɐˌbaɪɐn] ⓘ; Bavarian: Niedabayern, Niadabayern, Niedabayan or Niadabayan) is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of the state. It consists of nine districts and 258 municipalities (including three cities).
Apani B. Fly
Apani Nicole Smith (born September 17, 1974) known professionally as Apani B. Fly, is an American hip hop emcee.

In 1996 her first 12-inch single, "Estragen", was independently released and shortly followed up by several high-profile guest appearances on projects with Organized Konfusion, Mos Def, Talib Kweli, Pharoahe Monch, Nujabes and MF Doom. Her first full-length album, Rhyme-Related (as a member of Polyrhythm Addicts), was released in 1999.

She opened for acts such as Fugees and Brand Nubian. For the past decade, Apani has remained part of the NYC underground scene with frequent performances at S.O.B.'s, Lyricist Lounge, and the Nuyorican Poet's Cafe.

Organized Konfusion
Organized Konfusion (OK) is an alternative hip hop duo from Queens, New York, composed of Prince Po and Pharoahe Monch. They have released the albums Organized Konfusion (1991), Stress: The Extinction Agenda (1994), and The Equinox (1997).
Teacher's Pet (TV series)
Teacher's Pet, also known as Disney's Teacher's Pet, is an American animated television series produced by Walt Disney Television Animation.

The series follows a 9-year-old boy and his dog who dresses up as a boy. Created by Gary Baseman—the artistic designer for the Cranium board game—Bill Steinkellner, and Cheri Steinkellner, it was broadcast on ABC from 2000–2002, and finishing its run on Toon Disney in 2002.

A stand-alone feature-length film adaptation was theatrically released in the United States and Canada on January 16, 2004, which serves as a finale to the television series.

Cranium (board game)
Cranium is a party game created by Whit Alexander and Richard Tait in 1998. Initially, Cranium was sold through Amazon.com and the Starbucks coffee chain, then-novel methods of distribution. After selling 44 million copies of Cranium and its sister titles, the game's manufacturer Cranium, Inc. was bought by Hasbro, Inc. for $77.5 million in 2008. Billed as "The Game for Your Whole Brain", Cranium includes a wide variety of activities, unlike many other party games. Murray Brand Commuications and brand strategist, Sonali Shah handled packaging and branding for the game, and the artwork is by cartoonist Gary Baseman.
Pamela Manzi
Pamela Manzi is an Italian biologist, who was active in the fields of analytical chemistry and food science; she is a researcher of the "Istituto nazionale di ricerca per gli alimenti e la nutrizione" (INRAN) since 1996.

Food science
Food science (or bromatology) is the basic science and applied science of food; its scope overlaps with agricultural science and nutritional science and extends to the scientific aspects of food safety and food processing, informing the development of food technology.

Food science is an interdisciplinary field that integrates concepts from chemistry, physics, physiology, microbiology, and biochemistry. It evolved from early preservation practices such as salting to an organized research-driven field central to modern food production.

Food scientists develop new food products, design processing methods to produce these foods, select packaging materials, conduct shelf life and sensory evaluation studies of products using survey panels or potential consumers, and perform microbiological and chemical testing. Food scientists may study more fundamental phenomena that are directly linked to the production of food products and its properties.
Mysłakowice–Karpacz railway
Mysłakowice–Karpacz railway (formerly the Karkonosze Railway, German: Riesengebirgsbahn) is an active, single-track, non-electrified line of local significance, with a length of 7.302 km, connecting Mysłakowice with Karpacz.

The line runs entirely in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in the Karkonosze County, within the Gminas of Mysłakowice, Podgórzyn, and the town of Karpacz.

Gmina Mysłakowice
Gmina Mysłakowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Karkonosze County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Mysłakowice, which lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-east of Jelenia Góra and 94 km (58 mi) west of the regional capital Wrocław.

The gmina covers an area of 88.75 square kilometres (34.27 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 10,160.
Dancers in the Dark
Dancers in the Dark is a 1932 American pre-Code film about a taxi dancer (Miriam Hopkins), a big band leader (Jack Oakie), and a gangster (George Raft).

George Raft, billed sixth, was listed much lower in the cast than the size of his role indicated because he was at the dawn of his career. His part was as large as any of the other players except for Hopkins and arguably Oakie. The same thing had happened to Raft previously in his earlier film Quick Millions, a gangster vehicle starring Spencer Tracy, in which Raft's role was extremely large and colorful, even featuring some dancing.

Jack Oakie
Jack Oakie (born Lewis Delaney Offield; November 12, 1903 – January 23, 1978) was an American actor, starring mostly in films, but also working on stage, radio and television. He portrayed Napaloni in Chaplin's The Great Dictator (1940), receiving a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.
South Strafford, Vermont
South Strafford is an unincorporated village in the town of Strafford, Orange County, Vermont, United States. The community is located along Vermont Route 132, 10 miles (16 km) northwest of Hanover, New Hampshire. South Strafford has a post office, with ZIP code 05070.

Hanover, New Hampshire
Hanover is a town located along the Connecticut River in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 11,870. The town is home to the Ivy League university  Dartmouth College, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, and Hanover High School. The Appalachian Trail crosses the town, connecting with a number of trails and nature preserves.

Most of the population resides in the Hanover census-designated place (CDP)—the main village of the town. Located at the junctions of New Hampshire routes 10, 10A, and 120, the Hanover CDP recorded a population of 9,078 people at the 2020 census. The town is part of the Lebanon–Claremont micropolitan area and also contains the smaller villages of Etna and Hanover Center.
Jiří Jeníček
Jiří Jeníček (8 March 1895 in Beroun – 22 February 1963 in Prague) was a Czech photographer and filmmaker. He is also the writer of theoretical works in both areas.

He is known for his film-making for Czechoslovak Army in the 1930s and also photographed for the illustrated weekly Pestrý týden. He was Director of the Film Department of the Ministry of National Defense in post-World-War II Czechoslovakia.

Pestrý týden
Pestrý týden was a Czech illustrated weekly magazine published from 2 November 1926 to 28 April 1945, during the First and Second Czechoslovak Republics and during the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. It helped establish top photo-reporters of the 1930s, such as Karel Hájek, Václav Jírů and Ladislav Sitenský. Published and printed by Grafické závody ('Graphic Works') by Václav Neubert and Sons, based in Smíchov, Prague it was issued in 963 numbers.
News at Twelve
News at Twelve is a 1988 British television comedy for children, written by Cliff Francis and Jeremy Sinclair under the pseudonym of Francis Sinclair. The series followed 12-year-old Kevin Doyle (Ewan Phillips) and his nightly "news bulletins" about the events in his life (and some events from his imagination). The name of the TV series came from Kevin's age rather than the time the show itself aired, or of Kevin's news updates, which commonly featured his comical basset hound Baxter.

News at Twelve featured Patrick Malahide, Sheila Fearn, Julia Foster, Liz May Brice (credited as "Lisa Brice") and Mark Billingham.

This series was aired on ITV and made by Central TV. A US pilot version was made in 1991 by NBC starring, amongst others, Danny Gerard and Sarah Melici, but it was never screened.

ITV Central
ITV Central, previously known as Central Independent Television, Central ITV, Carlton Central, ITV1 for Central England and commonly referred to as simply Central, is the Independent Television franchisee in the English Midlands. It was created following the restructuring of ATV and officially began broadcasting on 1 January 1982. The service is owned and operated by ITV plc under the licensee of ITV Broadcasting Limited. Historically Central made a major contribution to the ITV network schedule – especially in entertainment and drama – but today its main responsibility is the regional news service.
Bógzapłać
Bógzapłać [buɡˈzapwat͡ɕ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skępe, within Lipno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

Until 2023, Bógzapłać was a part of village Sarnowo.

In the late 19th century, the settlement had a population of 34.

Lipno County
Lipno County (Polish: powiat lipnowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland. It was formed on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Lipno, which lies 43 km (27 mi) south-east of Toruń and 84 km (52 mi) east of Bydgoszcz. The county also contains the towns of Skępe, lying 13 km (8 mi) east of Lipno, and Dobrzyń nad Wisłą, 26 km (16 mi) south-east of Lipno.

The county covers an area of 1,015.6 square kilometres (392.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 65,869, out of which the population of Lipno is 14,339, that of Skępe is 3,620, that of Dobrzyń nad Wisłą is 2,129, and the rural population is 45,723.
Ghostgirl
ghostgirl is the debut novel from author and filmmaker Tonya Hurley. It is the story of high school senior "Charlotte Usher", The young teenager dreams of becoming popular in school, but before she gets the chance of that OR asking Damen out, she dies from choking on a gummy bear. The young adult novel was published on August 1, 2008, by Little, Brown and Company, and hit the New York Times Bestseller list, Chapter Books, on September 14, 2008. ghostgirl has been printed in several different languages around the world, including Spanish and French. It was followed by a sequel in July 2009 called ghostgirl: Homecoming, and a third book, ghostgirl: Lovesick was released in July 2010.

The audiobook releases of ghostgirl (released August 2009) and ghostgirl: Homecoming (released November 2009), from Recorded Books in 2009, are read by actress Parker Posey and feature a score by Vince Clarke of Erasure fame.

Vince Clarke
Vincent John Martin (born 3 July 1960), known professionally as Vince Clarke, is a British synth-pop musician and songwriter. Clarke has been the main composer and musician of the band Erasure since its inception in 1985, and was previously the main songwriter for several groups, including Depeche Mode, Yazoo, and the Assembly. In Erasure, he is known for his deadpan and low-key onstage demeanour, often remaining motionless over his keyboard, in sharp contrast to lead vocalist Andy Bell's animated and hyperactive frontman antics.

Erasure have recorded over 200 songs and have sold over 28 million albums worldwide. Clarke was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2020 as a member of Depeche Mode.
Domitia
Domitia is the name of women from the gens Domitia of Ancient Rome. Women from the gens include:

Domitia (aunt of Messalina), aunt of Roman emperor Nero and empress Messalina

Domitia Lepida, mother of Roman empress Valeria Messalina

Domitia Longina (c. 54–128), wife of Roman Emperor Domitian

Domitia Decidiana (1st century), wife of Roman General Gnaeus Julius Agricola and mother-in-law to historian Tacitus

Domitia Calvilla or Domitia Lucilla Minor (died c. 158), mother of Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius

Domitia Paulina (died c. 85), mother of Roman Emperor Hadrian

Aelia Domitia Paulina (75–130), sister of Roman Emperor Hadrian

Domitia Faustina, short-lived daughter of Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius and Roman Empress Faustina the Younger

Saint Domitia, a saint of Orthodox Christianity

Domitia (aunt of Messalina)
Domitia (c. 8 BC–June 59) was the oldest child of Antonia Major and Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, and the oldest granddaughter to triumvir Mark Antony by Octavia Minor, a great-niece of the Roman Emperor Augustus, first cousin once removed to the Emperor Caligula (as well as his brother-in-law's sister), first cousin to the Emperor Claudius, maternal aunt to the Empress Valeria Messalina, and paternal aunt to Emperor Nero.
Companies Registration Office
Companies Registration Office can be:

Companies Registration Office (Ireland)

Swedish Companies Registration Office

Companies House - England and Wales

Companies and Intellectual Property Commission (CIPC), South Africa

Trade Register (disambiguation) in the Netherlands, Switzerland, Germany, and Finland

Companies and Intellectual Property Commission
The Companies and Intellectual Property Commission (CIPC) is an agency of the Department of Trade, Industry and Competition in South Africa. The CIPC was established by the Companies Act, 2008 (Act No. 71 of 2008) as a juristic person to function as an organ of state within the public administration, but as an institution outside the public service.
Argentina Glacier
Argentina Glacier is a glacier flowing northwest from Hurd Dome and terminating near Argentina Cove, South Bay, on Livingston Island, in the South Shetland Islands. The name Argentina Glacier was given in association with Argentina Cove by the Spanish Antarctic Expedition, about 1995.

South Bay (Livingston Island)
South Bay (62°40′S 60°28′W﻿ / ﻿62.667°S 60.467°W﻿ / -62.667; -60.467) is a 11.6 kilometres (7.2 mi) wide bay indenting for 12.5 kilometres (7.8 mi) the south coast of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The bay is lying northwest of False Bay and east of Walker Bay, and is entered between Hannah Point and Miers Bluff. The glaciers Kamchiya, Pimpirev, Perunika, Contell, Johnsons and Hurd Ice Cap feed the bay.

South Bay was known to both American and British sealers as early as 1820, and the name has been well established in international usage for over 100 years.
Cartwheel (gymnastics)
Cartwheels are commonly performed in gymnastics in the floor exercise and on the balance beam. On the floor, a gymnast may precede a cartwheel with other movements, as in a chasse cartwheel, which begins with side-step "gallops". Besides gymnastics, cartwheels are performed in certain dances, cheer, and in the martial art of capoeira. In classical Indian Karana dance, it is called talavilasitam.

Floor (gymnastics)
In gymnastics, the floor is a specially prepared exercise surface, considered an apparatus. The floor exercise (English abbreviation FX) is the event performed on the floor, in both women's and men's artistic gymnastics (WAG and MAG). The same floor is used for WAG FX and MAG FX, but rules and scoring differ; most obviously, a WAG FX routine is synchronised to a piece of recorded dance music, whereas MAG FX has no musical accompaniment.

A spring floor is used in all gymnastics to provide more bounce and help prevent potential injuries to gymnasts' lower extremity joints due to the nature of the apparatus, which includes the repeated pounding required to train it. Cheerleading also uses spring floors for practice. The sprung floor used for indoor athletics is designed to reduce bounce.
2021 in Mongolia
Mongolia (/mɒnˈɡoʊliə/ ⓘ, Mongolian: Монгол Улс, transcription: Mongol Uls, Traditional Mongolian: ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ, transliteration: Mongγol ulus) is a landlocked country in East Asia. Its area is roughly equivalent with the historical territory of Outer Mongolia, which is sometimes used to refer to the current state. It is situated between Russia to the north and China to the south, where it neighbours the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, although only 37 kilometres (23 miles) separate them.

This is a list of individuals and events related to Mongolia in 2021.

Mongolian script
The traditional Mongolian script, also known as the Hudum Mongol bichig, was the first writing system created specifically for the Mongolian language, and was the most widespread until the introduction of Cyrillic in 1946. The script has been a co-official script since 2025, alongside the Cyrillic script for the language. It is traditionally written in vertical lines from top to bottom, flowing in lines from left to right . Derived from the Old Uyghur alphabet, it is a true alphabet, with separate letters for consonants and vowels. It has been adapted for such languages as Oirat and Manchu. Alphabets based on this classical vertical script continue to be used in Mongolia and Inner Mongolia to write Mongolian, Xibe and, experimentally, Evenki.

Computer operating systems have been slow to adopt support for the Mongolian script; almost all have incomplete support or other text rendering difficulties.
Drovers Magazine
Drovers, America's beef business source (popularly referred to as Drovers Magazine or Drovers) is a monthly magazine that claims to be the oldest livestock publication in the United States. It derives its name from Drovers which is a British term for livestock herding.

Droving
Droving is the practice of walking livestock over long distances. It is a type of herding, often associated with cattle, in which case it is a cattle drive (particularly in the US). Droving stock to market—usually on foot and often with the aid of dogs—has a very long history. An owner might entrust an agent to deliver stock to market and bring back the proceeds. There has been droving since people in cities found it necessary to source food from distant supplies.
Roger Ó hUghróin
Roger Ó hUghróin (died 1616) was Chief of the Name.

Ó hUghróin was a native of Síol Anmchadha in what is now the diocese of Clonfert, County Galway. He appears to be the only attested Chief of his Name from Gaelic times.

In 1838, John O'Donovan recorded the following inscription on his tombstone, located on the floor of Clonfert Cathedral:

IHS. - His Jacet Dns Rogerus Horan precipuus sue nati9onatis, hunc tumullum isbbi ac posteris suis fecit feiri. Anno Domini 1616.

Anglicised as Horan, descendants of the clan are still found in south-east Galway.

John O'Donovan (scholar)
John O'Donovan (Irish: Seán Ó Donnabháin; 25 July 1806 – 10 December 1861), from Atateemore, in the parish of Kilcolumb, County Kilkenny, and educated at Hunt's Academy, Waterford, was an Irish scholar of the Irish language.