hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Skinner's Case
Skinner's Case became a constitutionally important dispute between the House of Lords and the House of Commons over the question of any original jurisdiction of the former house in civil suits (whether a possible court of first instance). Through royal intervention, it was determined and became custom that such jurisdiction was to be avoided.

Civil procedure
Civil procedure is the body of law that sets out the rules and regulations along with some standards that courts follow when adjudicating civil lawsuits (as opposed to procedures in criminal law matters). These rules govern how a lawsuit or case may be commenced; what kind of service of process (if any) is required; the types of pleadings or statements of case, motions or applications, and orders allowed in civil cases; the timing and manner of depositions and discovery or disclosure; the conduct of trials; the process for judgment; the process for post-trial procedures; various available remedies; and how the courts and clerks must function.
20th Division (Yugoslav Partisans)
The 20th Dalmatia Division (Serbo-Croatian Latin: Dvadeseta dalmatinska divizija) was a Yugoslav Partisan division formed in Vrdovo on 10 October 1943. It was formed from the 8th, 9th and 10th Dalmatia Brigades which had a total of around 3,100 soldiers at the time. It was a part of the 8th Corps during all of its existence. Commander of the division was Velimir Knežević and its political commissar was Živko Živković. The division mostly fought in Dalmatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Herzegovina
Herzegovina (/ˌhɛərtsɪˈɡoʊvɪnə/ HAIRT-sih-GOH-vih-nə or /ˌhɜːrtsəɡoʊˈviːnə/ HURT-sə-goh-VEE-nə; Serbo-Croatian: Hercegovina / Херцеговина, pronounced [xɛ̌rt͡se̞ɡoʋina]) is the southern and smaller of two main geographical regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other being Bosnia. It presently [when?] does not have strictly defined administrative borders; however, in the past it was organized as Sanjak of Herzegovina (1470–1833; 1851–1912) and Herzegovina Eyalet (1830–1851).

Bosnia, the larger of the two regions, lies to the north of Herzegovina; the Croatian region of Dalmatia lies to the southwest; the Montenegrin region of Old Herzegovina lies to the southeast. The land area of Herzegovina is around 12,000 km2 (4,600 sq mi), or around 23–24% of the country. The largest city is Mostar, in the center of the region. Other large settlements include Trebinje, Široki Brijeg, Ljubuški, Čapljina, Konjic and Posušje.
ANAQ-Sup
L’Autorité Nationale d’Assurance Qualité de l’enseignement Supérieur (National Authority for Quality Assurance in Higher Education, ANAQ-Sup) is a state agency in Senegal under the supervision of the Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche (Ministry of Higher Education and Research, MESR). It serves to ensure and improve the quality of higher education programs and institutions in the country. It was created in August 2012 in the wake of governance reforms undertaken in higher education.

Government of Senegal
The Government of Senegal (French: Gouvernement du Sénégal) is the union government created by the constitution of Senegal, consisting of the executive, parliament, and judiciary. The Seat of the Government is located in Dakar. The government is led by the president (currently Bassirou Diomaye Faye).
University of Europe for Applied Sciences
The University of Europe for Applied Sciences, shortened as UE, is a private, education university in Germany with its main campus and administrative headquarters in Iserlohn and further campuses in Berlin, Potsdam, Hamburg and Dubai.

It was formed in 2017 as the University of Applied Sciences Europe by a merger of the Business and Information Technology School and the Berliner Technische Kunsthochschule. The university was previously owned by the American company Laureate Education and was acquired by Global University Systems in 2018. In October 2020, the university changed its name to University of Europe for Applied Sciences.

Laureate Education
Laureate Education, Inc. is a company based in Miami, Florida, United States. The firm owns and operates Laureate International Universities, with campuses in Mexico and Peru.
The company is publicly traded on the Nasdaq.
Germanic spirant law
The Germanic spirant law, or Primärberührung, is a specific historical instance in linguistics of dissimilation that occurred as part of an exception of Grimm's law in Proto-Germanic, the ancestor of Germanic languages.

Dissimilation
In phonology, particularly within historical linguistics, dissimilation is a phenomenon whereby similar consonants or vowels in a word become less similar or elided. In English, dissimilation is particularly common with liquid consonants such as /r/ and /l/ when they occur in a sequence. The phenomenon is often credited to horror aequi, the principle that language users avoid repetition of identical linguistic structures.
Ben Belitt
Ben Belitt (May 2, 1911 – August 17, 2003) was an American poet and translator. Besides writing poetry, he also translated several books of poetry by Pablo Neruda, Rafael Alberti, and Federico García Lorca from Spanish to English.

Rafael Alberti
Rafael Alberti Merello (16 December 1902 – 28 October 1999) was a Spanish poet, a member of the Generation of '27. He is considered one of the greatest literary figures of the so-called Silver Age of Spanish Literature, and he won numerous prizes and awards. He died aged 96.
After the Spanish Civil War, he went into exile because of his Marxist beliefs. On his return to Spain after the death of Franco, Alberti was named Hijo Predilecto de Andalucía in 1983, and Doctor Honoris Causa by the Universidad de Cádiz in 1985.

He published his memoirs under the title La Arboleda perdida ("The Lost Grove") in 1959 and this remains the best source of information on his early life.
Salvatore Cuoci
Salvatore Cuoci (born January 26, 1965) is a member of the Italian Armed Forces, and the 22nd Commander of the Kosovo Force.

Cuoci has held several other commands within the Italian military, and other NATO led operations.

Italian Armed Forces
The Italian Armed Forces (Italian: Forze armate italiane, pronounced [ˈfɔrtse arˈmaːte itaˈljaːne]) encompass the Italian Army, the Italian Navy and the Italian Air Force. A fourth branch of the armed forces, known as the Carabinieri, take on the role as the nation's military police and are also involved in missions and operations abroad as a combat force. Despite not being a branch of the armed forces, the Guardia di Finanza is organized along military lines.

These five forces comprise a total of 340,885 men and women with the official status of active military personnel, of which 167,057 are in the Army, Navy and Air Force. The President of Italy heads the armed forces as the President of the High Council of Defence established by article 87 of the Constitution of Italy. According to article 78, the Parliament has the authority to declare a state of war and vest the powers to lead the war in the Government.
Michel Wintacq
Michel Wintacq (born 2 October 1955) is a Belgian former footballer who played as a defender. Following his retirement, Wintacq has had roles as a football coach.

During his club career, Wintacq played for RAA La Louviére, RFC de Liège and Standard Liège. He played once for the Belgium national team.

After retirement, he took interim positions at Mons and was trainer at Boussu Dour, before joining Tournai in 2011.

R.A.E.C. Mons (1910)
Royal Albert Élisabeth Club de Mons, commonly known as R.A.E.C. Mons or simply Mons, was a Belgian football club based in Mons, Hainaut. Founded in 1910, the club played its home matches at Stade Charles Tondreau throughout its existence. Known as l'Albert and nicknamed the Dragons—after the city's Ducasse de Mons (the Doudou)—Mons spent much of its history in the second and third tiers of Belgian football.

Mons first reached the top flight in 2002 and would have three spells in the first division before suffering relegation in 2014. Financial problems led the club to file for bankruptcy; on 31 March 2015 it was placed into liquidation and ceased operations at the end of the 2014–15 season, which it finished seventh in the second tier.

In 2020, a successor club was launched by local stakeholders under the name Renaissance Mons 44; it later adopted the historic name R.A.E.C. Mons.
Boatin Island
Boatin Island (Bulgarian: остров Боатин, romanized: ostrov Boatin, IPA: [ˈɔstrov boɐˈtin]) is the rocky island off the northwest coast of Robert Island in the South Shetland Islands extending 740 m in north–south direction and 150 m wide.  It ends in the T-shaped 250 m wide Hammer Point to the north, and connected to Robert Island to the south by a 250 m long moraine tombolo.  The feature was formed as a result of the retreat of Robert Island's ice cap during the first decade of 21st century.  The area was visited by early 19th century sealers.

Moraine
A moraine is any accumulation of unconsolidated debris (regolith and rock), sometimes referred to as glacial till, that occurs in both currently and formerly glaciated regions, and that has been previously carried along by a glacier or ice sheet. It may consist of partly rounded particles ranging in size from boulders (in which case it is often referred to as boulder clay) down to gravel and sand, in a groundmass of finely divided clayey material sometimes called glacial flour. Lateral moraines are those formed at the side of the ice flow, and terminal moraines are those formed at the foot, marking the maximum advance of the glacier. Other types of moraine include ground moraines (till-covered areas forming sheets on flat or irregular topography) and medial moraines (moraines formed where two glaciers meet).
1987 Italian Open – Women's doubles
There was no women's tournament held in the previous year. Sandra Cecchini and Raffaella Reggi were the champions in the 1985 edition. Both players competed this year with different partners. Cecchini teamed up with Sabrina Goleš and lost in the second round to tournament runners-up Claudia Kohde-Kilsch and Helena Suková, while Reggi teamed up with Anne White and lost in the first round to Virginia Ruzici and Catherine Tanvier.

Martina Navratilova and Gabriela Sabatini won the title by defeating Claudia Kohde-Kilsch and Helena Suková 6–4, 6–1 in the final.

Gabriela Sabatini
Gabriela Beatriz Sabatini (Spanish pronunciation: [gaˈβɾjela saβaˈtini]; born 16 May 1970) is an Argentine former professional tennis player. A former world No. 3 in both singles and doubles, Sabatini was one of the leading players from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s, amassing 41 titles across both disciplines.

In singles, Sabatini won the 1990 US Open, the WTA Finals in 1988 and 1994, and was runner-up at Wimbledon 1991, the 1988 US Open, and the silver medalist at the 1988 Olympics. In doubles, she won Wimbledon in 1988 partnering with Steffi Graf, and reached three French Open finals. Among Open Era players who did not reach the world No. 1 ranking, Sabatini has the most wins over reigning No. 1 players. In 2006, she was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame, and in 2018, Tennis Magazine ranked her as the 20th-greatest female player of the preceding 50 years.
Agnes Broun
Agnes Broun, Agnes Brown or Agnes Burnes (17 March 1732 – 14 January 1820), was the mother of Scotland's national poet, Robert Burns. Agnes's father, Gilbert (1708–1774), was the tenant of the 300-acre (120 ha) farm of Craigenton, in Kirkoswald parish, South Ayrshire, Scotland.

Maybole
Maybole (Scottish Gaelic: Am Magh Baoghail, lit. 'plain of danger') is a town and former burgh of barony and police burgh in South Ayrshire, Scotland. It had an estimated population of 
4,580 in 2020. It is situated 9 miles (14 km) south of Ayr and 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Glasgow by the Glasgow and South Western Railway. The town is bypassed by the A77.
September 1931 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Saturday, September 26, 1931, with an umbral magnitude of 1.3208. It was a central lunar eclipse, in which part of the Moon passed through the center of the Earth's shadow. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring only about 8 hours before apogee (on September 27, 1931, at 3:40 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

This was the last central lunar eclipse of Lunar Saros 126.

Umbra, penumbra and antumbra
The umbra, penumbra and antumbra are three distinct parts of a shadow, created by any light source after impinging on an opaque object of lesser size. In cases of equal or smaller impinging objects, only an umbra and penumbra are generated. Assuming no diffraction, for a collimated beam (such as a point source) of light, only the umbra is cast.

These phenomena are generally observed within solar systems, as the size of the stars within the system are larger than the orbiting satellites, hence these terms are most often used for the shadows cast by celestial bodies, though they are sometimes used to describe levels of darkness, such as in sunspots.
Valerie Goodwin-Colbert
Valerie Goodwin-Colbert is a former basketball coach. She was the fifth head coach of the University of Oklahoma women's basketball program. While at Oklahoma, the program had a 32–51 record. During her tenure, the university dropped the women's basketball program but later reinstated it only to have Goodwin-Colbert resign the next day. Prior to coaching at Oklahoma, Goodwin-Colbert was the head women's basketball coach at Southwest Missouri State University. Goodwin–Colbert was raised in Forgan, Oklahoma and played basketball at Wayland Baptist University. After playing for the Flying Queens, played professional basketball for the Dallas Diamonds.

Dallas Diamonds (basketball)
The Dallas Diamonds were an American women's professional basketball team. They played in the Women's Professional Basketball League (WBL), the first women's professional basketball team in the United States, from 1979 to 1981 and later in the Women's American Basketball Association (WABA) in 1984.

The star of both incarnations of the team was Nancy Lieberman, an Olympic medalist and former All-American.
Prince Hamid Armah
Prince Hamid Armah (born 6 October 1981) is a member of the New Patriotic Party and the Member of Parliament for Kwesimintsim Constituency in the Western Region of Ghana.

He previously served as the Director General of the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment.

Director general
A director general, general director or director-general (plural: directors general, general directors, directors-general, director generals or director-generals) is a senior executive officer, often the chief executive officer, within a governmental, statutory, NGO, third sector or not-for-profit institution. The term is commonly used in many countries worldwide, but with various meanings.
512-bit computing
In computer architecture, 512-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are  512 bits (64 octets) wide.  Also, 512-bit central processing unit (CPU) and arithmetic logic unit (ALU) architectures are those that are based on registers, address buses, or data buses of that size.

There are currently no mainstream general-purpose processors built to operate on 512-bit integers or addresses, though a number of processors do operate on 512-bit data.

Memory address
In computing, a memory address is a reference to a specific memory location in memory used by both software and hardware. These addresses are fixed-length sequences of digits, typically displayed and handled as unsigned integers. This numerical representation is based on the features of CPU (such as the instruction pointer and incremental address registers). Programming language constructs often treat the memory like an array.
Hailstorm Island
Hailstorm Island is a rocky island, 0.5 kilometres (0.25 nmi) long, between Cameron Island and the east end of Burnett Island in the central part of the Swain Islands, Antarctica. It was first roughly mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and included in a 1957 survey of the Swain Islands by Wilkes Station personnel under Carl R. Eklund. It was named by Eklund for Radioman Kenneth J. Hailstorm, U.S. Navy, a Naval support force member of the 1957 wintering party at Wilkes Station during the International Geophysical Year.

Carl R. Eklund
Carl Robert Eklund (January 27, 1909 – November 3, 1962) was a leading American specialist in ornithology and geographic research in both the north and south polar regions. He was appointed as the first Scientific Station Leader of the Wilkes Station, Antarctica.
Urban castle
An urban castle (German: Stadtburg) is a castle that is located within a medieval town or city or is integrated into its fortifications.

In most cases, the town or city grew up around or alongside the castle (for example in Halle, Brunswick and Prague), or the castle was built in order to reinforce the defences within or as part of the line of fortification ringing the settlement as, for example, at Erfurt.

Gondar
Gondar, also spelled Gonder (Amharic: ጎንደር, Gonder or Gondär; formerly ጐንደር, Gʷandar or Gʷender), is a city and woreda in Ethiopia. Located in the North Gondar Zone of the Amhara Region, Gondar is north of Lake Tana on the Lesser Angereb River and southwest of the Simien Mountains. As of 2021, Gondar has an estimated population of 443,156.

Gondar previously served as the capital of both the Ethiopian Empire and the subsequent Begemder Province. The city holds the remains of several royal castles, including those in the Fasil Ghebbi UNESCO World Heritage Site for which Gondar has been called the "Camelot of Africa".
Dev (soundtrack)
Dev is the soundtrack album to the 2019 film of the same name directed by debutant Rajath Ravishankar, starring Karthi and Rakul Preet Singh. The film's musical score and soundtrack is composed by Harris Jayaraj and featured five songs with lyrics written by Thamarai, Kabilan, Vivek and Rajath. Preceded by the lead single "Anangae Sinungalama", the album was released under the Junglee Music label on 12 January 2019 to mixed reviews from critics.

Harris Jayaraj
J. Harris Jayaraj (born 8 January 1975) is an Indian composer from Tamil Nadu. He composes soundtracks predominantly for Tamil films, and has also composed for a few films in Telugu. He has also worked on a few Hindi films that were remakes of his Tamil films.

He has been honoured with Kalaimamani Award from the Government of Tamil Nadu and the Life Time Achievement Award from Konijeti Rosaiah, the Governor of Tamil Nadu. Since 2001, he has won 6 Filmfare Awards South and received 20 Filmfare Awards South nominations. He has also won 6 Mirchi Music Awards, 5 Vijay Awards, 4 Tamil Nadu State Film Awards, 3 International Tamil Film Awards and Big FM Awards.  In 2019, he was bestowed with the Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute Honorary Doctorate of Letters for his significant contributions to Tamil cinema music.
Manhattan Community Board 3
The Manhattan Community Board 3 is a New York City community board encompassing the Manhattan neighborhoods of the East Village, the Lower East Side, Two Bridges, and a large portion of Chinatown. It is delimited by the East River on the east, the Brooklyn Bridge on the south, Pearl Street, Baxter Street, Canal Street, Bowery and Fourth Avenue on the west, as well as by the 14th Street on the north.

Its current chair is Andrea Gordillo, and its district manager Susan Stetzer.
Like all community boards in New York City, its members are unelected political appointees.

Two Bridges, Manhattan
Two Bridges is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan, nestled at the southern end of the Lower East Side and Chinatown on the East River waterfront, near the footings of Brooklyn Bridge and of Manhattan Bridge. The neighborhood has been considered to be a part of the Lower East Side for much of its history. Two Bridges has traditionally been an immigrant neighborhood, previously populated by immigrants from Europe, and more recently from Latin America and China. The Two Bridges Historic District was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in September 2003.

Two Bridges has a mix of tenement-style walk-up buildings and high-rise buildings that include mixed-income and affordable housing developments as well as public housing provided by the New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA).
21 Hours at Munich
21 Hours at Munich is a 1976 American historical drama television film directed by William A. Graham and starring William Holden, Shirley Knight and Franco Nero. It is based on the 1975 non-fiction book The Blood of Israel by Serge Groussard, and it deals with real events concerning the Munich massacre during the 1972 Summer Olympics. It was broadcast by ABC November 7, 1976. Despite its television origin, the film was released theatrically in several foreign countries. It was nominated for Outstanding Television Movie and Outstanding Picture Editing for a Television Movie at the 29th Primetime Emmys.

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Picture Editing for a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie
This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Picture Editing for a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie.

In the following list, the first titles listed in gold are the winners; those not in gold are nominees, which are listed in alphabetical order. The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place:
Janků
Janků [ˈjaŋkuː] is a gender-neutral Czech surname.  It originated as a patronymic from Janek by adding the suffix '-ů', which is equivalent to the East Slavic patronymic suffix '-ov'.  Notable people with the surname include:

Hana Janků (1940-1995), Czech soprano

Heidi Janků (1962), Czech actress

Jan Janků (1971), Czech former high jumper

Kateřina Janků

Pavel Janků (1969), Czech professional ice hockey player

Rosa Janku (1882–1944), Austrian resistance fighter during World War II

Tomáš Janků (1974), Czech former high jumper

Jan Janků
Jan Janků (born 10 August 1971 in Česká Lípa) is a former Czech high jumper.

His personal bests are 2.30 m indoors and 2.29 m outdoors. His younger brother Tomáš Janků is also a prominent high jumper.

He is married to Katerina Babova, a sister of the high jumper Jaroslav Bába. The couple has one son, Jan Junior, born in 2007.
Treasure EP.Fin: All to Action
Treasure EP.Fin: All to Action is the first studio album by South Korean boy band Ateez. It was released through KQ Entertainment on October 8, 2019, alongside the single "Wonderland" and its music video. It also serves as the final part of the Treasure series. The album debuted atop the Gaon Album Chart. The single "Wonderland" was certified Gold in Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil) for selling over 20,000 units.

Pro-Música Brasil
Pro-Música Brasil (PMB), previously Associação Brasileira dos Produtores de Discos (ABPD) (English: Brazilian Association of Record Producers), is an official representative body of the record labels in the Brazilian phonographic market.