hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Defence Medal (United Kingdom)
The Defence Medal is a campaign medal instituted by the United Kingdom in May 1945, to be awarded to citizens of the British Commonwealth for both non-operational military and certain types of civilian war service during the Second World War.

Campaign medal
A campaign medal is a military decoration which is awarded to a member of an armed force who serves in a designated military operation or performs duty in a geographical theater. Campaign medals are very similar to service medals but carry a higher status as the award usually involves deployment to a foreign region or service in a combat zone.
Ophir Township, LaSalle County, Illinois
Ophir Township is located in LaSalle County, Illinois. As of the 2020 census, its population was 436 and it contained 207 housing units. Ophir Township was originally named Fremont Township, but was renamed in May, 1850. It contains the census-designated place of Triumph.

Triumph, Illinois
Triumph is an unincorporated community and Census Designated Place located just east of Interstate 39 in LaSalle County, Illinois, United States. Students in Triumph attend nearby Mendota public schools. The village is home to one restaurant and is known for its curling club. The community has many farms surrounding it and contains fewer than 100 people.
Charles-François Painchaud (politician)
Charles-François Painchaud (September 8, 1815 – August 8, 1891) was a physician and political figure in Canada East. He represented Verchères in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada in 1863.

Canada East
Canada East (French: Canada-Est) was the northeastern portion of the Province of Canada. Lord Durham's Report investigating the causes of the Upper and Lower Canada Rebellions recommended merging those two colonies. The new colony, known as the Province of Canada, was created by the Act of Union 1840 passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, having effect in 1841. For administrative purposes, the new Province was subdivided into Canada West and Canada East.  The former name of "Lower Canada" came back into official use in 1849, and as of Canadian Confederation of 1867 it formed the newly created province of Quebec.

An estimated 890,000 people lived in Canada East in 1851.
Tom Gilbert (rugby league)
Tom Gilbert (born 5 August 2000) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who captains and plays as a lock or second-row forward for the Dolphins in the National Rugby League (NRL). He previously played for the North Qld Cowboys in the NRL and has also represented Queensland in the State of Origin series.

Queensland Cup
The Queensland Cup, currently known as the Hostplus Cup for sponsorship reasons, is the highest-level regional rugby league football competition in Queensland, Australia. It is run by the Queensland Rugby League (QRL)  and is contested by fifteen teams, thirteen of which are based in Queensland, with one based in New South Wales and one in National Capital District, Papua New Guinea.

The competition is the present-day embodiment of Queensland's top-level club competition. It replaced the Winfield State League in 1996 and accompanied the Brisbane Rugby League, before becoming the premier competition in 1998, following the disbanding of the Brisbane Rugby League.
Yacine Elghorri
Yacine Elghorri, also referred to as Elgo, is a French illustrator, storyboard artist, conceptual designer and comic book artist. He worked in the United States on films and cartoons such as Matt Groening's Futurama, Titan AE, Evolution directed by Ivan Reitman, Fantastic Four: World's Greatest Heroes, Time Jam: Valerian & Laureline and Thru the Moebius Strip.
He has also contributed to the science fiction comics magazine Heavy Metal.

Métal Hurlant
Métal Hurlant (French pronunciation: [metal yʁlɑ̃]; literal translation: "Howling Metal," "Screaming Metal") is a French comics anthology of science fiction and horror comics stories. Originally created in 1974, the anthology ceased publication in 1987, but was revived between 2002 and 2004 in multilingual editions, and then again in 2020. In 2024 a Kickstarter was launched to revive the anthology, the first issue was released in June 2025.

Emphasizing complex graphics, cinematic imagery and surreal storylines, Métal Hurlant was highly influential throughout the world as one of the first mature expressions of "adult" comic book making. Apart from comics, the original Métal Hurlant contained articles about science fiction books and movies, as well as music and video game reviews.
Horatio Seymour 1868 presidential campaign
In 1868, the Democrats nominated former New York Governor Horatio Seymour for President and Francis Preston Blair Jr. (a Representative from Missouri) for Vice President. The Seymour-Blair ticket ran on a platform which supported national reconciliation and states' rights, opposed Reconstruction, and opposed both Black equality and Black suffrage. Meanwhile, the Republican presidential ticket led by General Ulysses S. Grant benefited from Grant's status as a war hero (for winning the American Civil War) and ran on a pro-Reconstruction (and pro-Fourteenth Amendment) platform. Ultimately, the Seymour-Blair ticket ended up losing to the Republican ticket of General Ulysses S. Grant and House Speaker Schuyler Colfax in the 1868 U.S. presidential election.

States' rights
In American political discourse, states' rights are political powers held for the state governments rather than the federal government according to the United States Constitution, reflecting especially the enumerated powers of Congress and the Tenth Amendment. The enumerated powers that are listed in the Constitution include exclusive federal powers, as well as concurrent powers that are shared with the states, and all of those powers are contrasted with the reserved powers—also called states' rights—that only the states possess. Since the 1940s, the term "states' rights" has often been considered a loaded term, a euphemism, or a dog whistle because of its use in opposition to federally mandated racial desegregation and, more recently, same-sex marriage and reproductive rights.
Proposed Peace Treaty on the Korean Peninsula
The Peace Treaty on Korean Peninsula is a proposed settlement to formally end military hostilities on the Korean Peninsula as a follow-up to the 1953 Korean Armistice Agreement implemented by the United Nations after the Korean War. During the inter-Korean summit on April 27, 2018, Kim Jong-un and Moon Jae-in signed the Panmunjom Declaration; the declaration involved an agreement about mutual efforts and action items for transforming the armistice agreement into a peace treaty with the cooperation of the United States and China. During the 2018 Trump–Kim summit, US president Donald Trump and Kim signed a Joint Statement which reaffirmed the Panmunjom Declaration. On November 23, 2023, North Korea terminated its 2018 agreement with South Korea.

Robert C. O'Brien
Robert Charles O'Brien Jr. (born June 18, 1966) is an American attorney who was the twenty-seventh United States national security advisor from 2019 to 2021. He was the fourth and final person to hold the position during the first presidency of Donald Trump. He is currently the chairman of the American Global Strategies consulting firm.
2025 Erste Bank Open – Singles
Jannik Sinner defeated Alexander Zverev in the final, 3–6, 6–3, 7–5 to win the singles tennis title at the 2025 Vienna Open. It was his second title at the tournament (after 2023), and 22nd career ATP Tour title.

Jack Draper was the reigning champion, but did not participate this year due to an arm injury.

Hamad Medjedovic
Hamad Medjedovic (born 18 July 2003) is a Serbian professional tennis player. On 25 August 2025, Medjedovic reached his career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 57. He is currently the No. 3 singles player from Serbia.

Medjedovic won the 2023 NextGen Finals. He represents Serbia at the Davis Cup.
Rue Émile-Zola
The Rue Émile-Zola is a street located in the 2nd arrondissement of Lyon, near the Place Bellecour. This is one of the busiest shopping streets of Lyon, which was described as a "bourgeois" street because there are many upscale shops. It begins with the Place des Jacobins and ends at the Place Bellecour after crossing the Rue des Archers, and belongs to the zone classified as World Heritage Site by UNESCO. It was named as tribute to the writer of the same name.

Émile Zola
Émile Édouard Charles Antoine Zola (/ˈzoʊlə/, also US: /zoʊˈlɑː/; French: [emil zɔla]; 2 April 1840 – 29 September 1902) was a French novelist, journalist, playwright, the best-known practitioner of the literary school of naturalism, and an important contributor to the development of theatrical naturalism. He was a major figure in the political liberalization of France and in the exoneration of the falsely accused and convicted army officer Alfred Dreyfus, which is encapsulated in his renowned newspaper opinion headlined J'Accuse...!  Zola was nominated for the first and second Nobel Prizes in Literature in 1901 and 1902.
Bill Berry (Australian footballer)
William Berry (born 27 June 1957) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon, Footscray and North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

After making his way up from the Under-19s, Berry was unable to put together regular senior appearances and spent most of his time at Essendon in the reserves.

The former Strathmore player went to East Fremantle for the 1978 season and when he returned to Victoria a year later he joined Footscray. Berry was a back up ruckman to Ian Hampshire in his first three years but became Footscray's first ruckman midway through the 1982 season, when Hampshire retired. He didn't play a senior game in 1983, when Western Australian recruit Andrew Purser took over as number one ruckman with a strong debut season.

Berry moved to North Melbourne in 1984 and played 11 games in the second half of the year, due to an injury to Gary Dempsey.

Strathmore Football Club
Strathmore Football Club is an Australian rules football club located 7 km north west of Melbourne in the suburb of Strathmore and was founded in 1954 as a junior club.

The senior club was established in 1957.

The club originally played its home games in Pascoe Vale before moving to its current home at Lebanon Reserve in Strathmore.

The club won its seventh A Grade Premiership in 2011 with a win over rivals Oak Park. Strathmore came into the game underdogs after losing the semi-final to Oak Park by 37 points. However, Strathmore prevailed; the final scores were Oak Park 11.13 (79) def. by Strathmore 11.15 (81).

The club was awarded its ninth premiership in 2021 by the EDFL as the ladder leader when the season was curtailed due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.
WJTO
WJTO (750 AM) is a silent radio station licensed to Bath, Maine, that most recently broadcast  an adult standards and oldies format. WJTO is owned by Blue Jey Broadcasting Co. (Estate of Bob Bittner: 100% stockholder) The station switched to a frequency of 750 kHz from 730 kHz on August 25, 2024.

Dark (broadcasting)
In broadcasting, a dark television station or silent radio station is one that has gone off the air for an indefinite period of time. Usually unlike dead air (broadcasting only silence), a station that is dark or silent does not even transmit a carrier signal.
Libertia flaccidifolia
Libertia flaccidifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae. The plant was first described by Dan Blanchon and J.S. Weaver in 2009, and is thought to be endemic to northern Rodney in the Auckland Region, New Zealand.

Auckland War Memorial Museum
The Auckland War Memorial Museum (Māori: Tāmaki Paenga Hira), also known as Auckland Museum, is one of New Zealand's most important museums and war memorials. Its neoclassical building constructed in the 1920s and 1950s, stands on Observatory Hill, the remains of a dormant volcano, in the Auckland Domain, near Auckland CBD. Museum collections concentrate on New Zealand history (and especially the history of the Auckland Region), natural history, and military history.

Auckland Museum's collections and exhibits began in 1852. In 1867 Aucklanders formed a learned society—the Auckland Philosophical Society, soon renamed Auckland Institute. Within a few years Auckland Museum was transferred to Auckland Institute, thereafter known as Auckland Institute and Museum until 1996. Auckland War Memorial Museum was the name of the new building opened in 1929, but since 1996 it has been more commonly used for the institution as well. From 1991 to 2003 the Museum's Māori name was Te Papa Whakahiku.
Brunei LNG
4°40′07″N 114°27′52″E﻿ / ﻿4.6686438°N 114.4645827°E﻿ / 4.6686438; 114.4645827

Brunei LNG (BLNG), located in Lumut, Belait District, is the largest oil and gas producer in Brunei and has been a key player in the country's energy sector since its establishment in 1969. As the fourth largest oil producer in Southeast Asia and the ninth largest liquefied natural gas (LNG) producer globally, BLNG has supplied LNG to Japan since its first shipment in 1972. The joint venture between Brunei Shell Petroleum (BSP) and Mitsubishi Corporation has also expanded into ownership of LNG carriers and deepwater upstream oil and gas exploration. BLNG has emerged as the world's longest-running commercial LNG plant.

Gas carrier
A gas carrier, gas tanker, LPG carrier, or LPG tanker is a ship designed to transport LPG, LNG, CNG, or liquefied chemical gases in bulk. Gases are kept refrigerated onboard the ships to enable safe carriage in liquid and vapour form and for this reason, gas carriers usually have onboard refrigeration systems. Design and construction of all gas carriers operating internationally is regulated by the International Maritime Organization through the International Code of the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk. There are various types of gas carriers, depending on the type of gas carried and the type of containment system, two of the most common being the Moss Type B (spherical) type and the membrane (typically GTT) type.
Kurudu people
The Kurudu people (Kurudu: Miobo) are an ethnic group inhabiting Kurudu Island and the coast of Pamai Erar in northern Papua, Indonesia. The Kurudu people are a mixture of various ethnic groups originating from Yapen, Waropen, and Biak, who assimilated with the original inhabitants of Kurudu in the past and formed today’s Kurudu population. Today, the Kurudu and the Kaipuri have been united and are known collectively as the Miobo people.

19th century Dutch writer Dr. J.J. de Hollander wrote that, "[t]he inhabitants of Kurudu consist of entirely wild tribes, dangerous yet polite people".

Biak
Biak is the main island of Biak Archipelago located in Cenderawasih Bay near the northern coast of Papua, an Indonesian province, and is just northwest of New Guinea. Biak has many atolls, reefs, and corals.

The largest population centre is at Kota Biak (Biak City) on the south coast. The rest of the island is thinly populated with small villages.

Biak is part of the Biak Islands (Kepulauan Biak), and is administered by Biak Numfor Regency.
Kosmos 2084
Kosmos 2084 (Russian: Космос 2084 meaning Cosmos 2084) is a Russian US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1990 as part of the Russian Space Forces' Oko programme. The satellite was designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 2084 was launched from Site 43/3 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 20:45 UTC on 21 June 1990. The launch failed to place the satellite into a molniya orbit as the Blok 2BL failed to ignite leaving the satellite in low Earth orbit.

It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1990-055A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 20663.

Blok 2BL
The Blok 2BL was a rocket stage, a member of Blok L family, used as an upper stage on some versions of the Molniya-M carrier rocket. It was used as a fourth stage to launch the Oko missile early warning defence spacecraft.
Jarosław Nowicki
Jarosław Nowicki (born 11 January 1961) is a Polish former professional footballer who played as a winger.

He began his career in Zawisza Bydgoszcz and later played in Poland for ŁKS, Jagiellonia and Lechia. He won the NSL Cup in 1991 with Parramatta Eagles.

He represented Poland at 1978 UEFA European Under-18 Football Championship and 1979 FIFA World Youth Championship. He played four times for senior national team, scoring his only goal against Japan on 25 January 1981.

Since 2006, he has been working for International Management Group as a football agent. In 2010, he co-founded the football management agency Sport Trade Center.

ŁKS Łódź
ŁKS Łódź (Łódzki Klub Sportowy Łódź; Polish pronunciation: [ˌɛwkaˈɛs ˈwut͡ɕ]) is a Polish sports club based in Łódź. They are best known for their football club but are represented in many sports such as basketball, volleyball, boxing, and in the past ice hockey, athletics, tennis, table tennis, swimming, cycling, fencing, chess, etc. The club is based at Władysław Król Municipal Stadium, at Aleja Unii Lubelskiej 2 in the West of Łódź.

This article focuses on the football club. Their nickname "Rycerze Wiosny" ("Knights of Spring") was given to them due to their usually strong performances after the winter break in the league.
Pleasantville, Pennsylvania
Pleasantville is the name of three places in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania:

Pleasantville, Bedford County, Pennsylvania

Pleasantville, Berks County, Pennsylvania

Pleasantville, Venango County, Pennsylvania

Pleasantville, Venango County, Pennsylvania
Pleasantville is a borough in Venango County, Pennsylvania,  United States. The population was 841 at the 2020 census, and 892 in 2010.  It was an early oil 'boom town', and the population jumped from 291 to 1,598 between 1860 and 1870. But the boom soon passed, and the population shrank to 855 by 1880, and has remained fairly stable since then.
Monica Rundqvist
Monica Rundqvist (born 15 March 1962 in Vårgårda) is a Swedish sport shooter. She tied for 11th place in the women's 10 metre air pistol event and tied for 33rd place in the women's 25 metre pistol event at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

Shooting at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's 10 metre air pistol
The women's 10 metre air pistol competition at the 2000 Summer Olympics was held on 17 September. Tao Luna equalled the Olympic record of 390 points in the qualification round, and won 1.7 points ahead of Jasna Šekarić. The host nation won the bronze medal through Annemarie Forder.
International College of Management, Sydney
The International College of Management, Sydney (ICMS) is a higher education provider offering degrees at the diploma level and above. ICMS offers English, Foundation, Diploma, Bachelor, Graduate Certificate and Master's degree programs in Business, Hospitality and Information Technology.

Diploma
A diploma is a document awarded by an educational institution (such as a college or university) testifying the recipient has graduated by successfully completing their courses of studies. Historically, it has also referred to a charter or official document of diplomacy.

The diploma (as a document certifying a qualification) may also be called a testamur, Latin for "we testify" or "certify" (testari), so called from the word with which the certificate begins; this is commonly used in Australia to refer to the document certifying the award of a degree. Alternatively, this document can simply be referred to as a degree certificate or graduation certificate, or as a parchment. The certificate that a Nobel laureate receives is also called a diploma.

The term diploma is also used in some historical contexts, to refer to documents signed by a monarch affirming a grant or tenure of specified land and its conditions (see Anglo-Saxon charters and diplomatics).
Displacement measurement
Displacement measurement is the measurement of changes in directed distance (displacement). Devices measuring displacement are based on displacement sensors, which can be contacting or non-contacting. Some displacement sensors are based on displacement transducers, devices which convert displacement into another form of energy.

Displacement sensors can be used to indirectly measure a number of other quantities, including deformation, distortion, thermal expansion, thickness (normally through the combination of two sensors), vibration, spindle motion, fluid level, strain and mechanical shock.

Displacement sensors exist that can measure displacement on the order of nanometers or smaller.

Shock (mechanics)
In mechanics and physics, shock is a sudden acceleration caused, for example, by impact, drop, kick, earthquake, or explosion.  Shock is a transient physical excitation. A mechanical shock typically consists of a short-duration, high-magnitude acceleration event that can cause structural deformation or failure in components.

Shock describes matter subject to extreme rates of force with respect to time. Shock is a vector that has units of an acceleration (rate of change of velocity).  The unit g (or g) represents multiples of the standard acceleration of gravity and is conventionally used.

A shock pulse can be characterised by its peak acceleration, the duration, and the shape of the shock pulse (half sine, triangular, trapezoidal, etc.).  The shock response spectrum is a method for further evaluating a mechanical shock.
Dennis Lyxzén
Sven Olov Dennis Lyxzén (born June 19, 1972) is a Swedish singer, best known as the lead vocalist for the influential hardcore punk band Refused, as well as the bands Backengrillen, INVSN and Fake Names. He is also a former member of bands including AC4, Step Forward, Final Exit, and The (International) Noise Conspiracy, and co-founded the record labels Ny Våg and Desperate Fight Records.

Freedom (Refused album)
Freedom is the fourth studio album by Swedish hardcore punk band Refused, released via Epitaph Records on 29 June 2015. It is the first album released by the band since 1998's The Shape of Punk to Come, as well as the first album to feature bassist Magnus Flagge as a full-time member since Songs to Fan the Flames of Discontent (1996) and first to not feature guitarist Jon F. Brännström since This Just Might Be... the Truth (1994).
Disjunctive
Disjunctive can refer to:

Disjunctive population, in population ecology, a group of plants or animals disconnected from the rest of its range

Disjunctive pronoun

Disjunctive set

Disjunctive sequence

Logical disjunction

Disjunctive pronoun
A disjunctive pronoun is a stressed form of a personal pronoun reserved for use in isolation or in certain syntactic contexts.

In Modern English, this function is fulfilled by the object pronouns (me, you, him, her, us, them) when used in stressed or isolated positions (e.g., “Me.”) or after linking verbs (e.g., “It is me.”).
Samoa at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Samoa competed in the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland from 23 July – 3 August 2014. Participating in the Commonwealth Games for the eleventh time, Samoans have won sixteen medals (of which three gold) during their first ten participations. All three of those previous gold medals came in weightlifting at the 2010 Commonwealth Games, and two of the champions (Faavae Faauliuli and Ele Opeloge) are defending their titles in Glasgow.

Faavae Faauliuli
Faavae Faauliuli is a weightlifter from Samoa. He won Samoa's first ever gold medal at the Commonwealth Games when he successfully lifted 334 kg in the New Delhi Games in 2010. He was subsequently rewarded with US$21,000 by the Samoan Government. He subsequently competed in Glasgow.