hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Capstan Rocks
The Capstan Rocks (64°57′S 63°26′W﻿ / ﻿64.950°S 63.433°W﻿ / -64.950; -63.433) are a small group of rocks, sometimes awash at high water and in strong winds, lying 1 nautical mile (2 km) south of Bob Island in the south entrance to Gerlache Strait, off the west coast of Graham Land. They were shown on an Argentine government chart of 1950, but not named. They were surveyed by the British Naval Hydrographic Survey Unit, 1956–57, and given this descriptive name by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee, because of a supposed resemblance to a capstan.

Capstan (nautical)
A capstan is a vertical-axled rotating machine developed for use on sailing ships to multiply the pulling force of sailors when hauling ropes, cables, and hawsers. The principle is similar to that of the windlass, which has a horizontal axle.
Sight (2023 film)
Sight is a 2023 American biographical drama film directed by Andrew Hyatt, written by Hyatt, John Duigan, and Buzz McLaughlin, and starring Terry Chen and Greg Kinnear. The film is about Ming Wang, a Chinese immigrant to the United States who became a renowned eye surgeon. It is based on Wang's 2016 autobiography From Darkness to Sight.  The film premiered on October 5, 2023, at the Heartland International Film Festival, and was released in the United States and Canada on May 24, 2024, by Angel Studios.

John Duigan
John Duigan (born 19 June 1949) is an Australian film director and screenwriter. He is mostly known for his two autobiographical films The Year My Voice Broke and Flirting, and the 1994 film Sirens, which stars Hugh Grant.
St John Zachary
St John Zachary (meaning "St John, son of Zechariah", i.e. John the Baptist) was a church, first mentioned in official records in 1181, within the City of London, England, on the north side of Gresham Street, Aldersgate.  Its vicar from 25 May 1424 to an unknown date was William Byngham, the founder of England's first teacher training college. It was destroyed in the Great Fire of London in 1666 and not rebuilt, with its parish being united with that of St Anne and St Agnes by section 55 of the Rebuilding of London Act 1670 (22 Cha. 2. c. 11) – an arrangement that lasted until the 20th century. Its site is now a garden, first made by the fire watchers in 1941. Partial records survive at IGI.

Aldersgate
Aldersgate is a Ward of the City of London, England, named after one of the northern gates in the London Wall which once enclosed the City.

The Ward of Aldersgate is traditionally divided into Aldersgate Within and Aldersgate Without, the suffix denoting whether the part was within the line of the wall or outside it. The ancient ward boundaries were redrawn in 2013; the names are preserved but their location only loosely approximates to their historic extent.

The gate also gave its name to Aldersgate Street, which runs north from the former gate towards Clerkenwell. The street was wholly part of Aldersgate Without ward until a short section further north was renamed and so added to it.
CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament
The CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament was an international football (soccer) event in the North America, Central America and the Caribbean region, and was the qualification tournament for the Olympic Games.

Women's football tournaments in Olympics have been held since 1996, but the qualifying tournaments were held for the 2004 to 2020 Olympics, with the two finalists qualify for the Olympic tournament.

For the 2024 Summer Olympics, the winner of the 2022 CONCACAF W Championship will qualify for the 2024 tournament, while the second and third-placed teams will advance to a CONCACAF Olympic play-off, where the winner of the play-off will qualify for the Olympics.

Football at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The 1996 Summer Olympics—based in Atlanta, Georgia, United States—marked the first time that women participated in the Olympic association football tournament. The tournament featured eight women's national teams from four continental confederations. The teams were drawn into two groups of four and each group played a round-robin tournament (which was held in Miami, Florida, Orlando, Florida, Birmingham, Alabama and Washington, D.C.). At the end of the group stage, the top two teams advanced to the knockout stage (which was held at Sanford Stadium in Athens, Georgia), beginning with the semi-finals and culminating with the gold medal match on August 1, 1996.

The United States became the inaugural champion after a 2–1 victory against China in the gold medal game.
Gauss–Kuzmin–Wirsing operator
In mathematics, the Gauss–Kuzmin–Wirsing operator is the transfer operator of the Gauss map that takes a positive number to the fractional part of its reciprocal. (This is not the same as the Gauss map in differential geometry.) It is named after Carl Gauss, Rodion Kuzmin, and Eduard Wirsing. It occurs in the study of continued fractions; it is also related to the Riemann zeta function.

Gauss map
In differential geometry, the Gauss map  of a surface is a function that maps each point in the surface to its normal direction, a unit vector that is orthogonal to the surface at that point. Namely, given a surface X in Euclidean space R3, the Gauss map is a map N: X → S2 (where S2 is the unit sphere) such that  for each p in X, the function value N(p) is a unit vector orthogonal to X at p. The Gauss map is named after Carl F. Gauss.

The Gauss map can be defined (globally) if and only if the surface is orientable, in which case its degree is half the Euler characteristic. The Gauss map can always be defined locally (i.e. on a small piece of the surface). The Jacobian determinant of the Gauss map is equal to Gaussian curvature, and the differential of the Gauss map is called the shape operator.

Gauss first wrote a draft on the topic in 1825 and published in 1827.

There is also a Gauss map for a link, which computes linking number.
R-salt
R-salt (TNX, systematic name hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitroso-1,3,5-triazine) is an explosive organic compound that has been used in terrorist attacks. It is a high explosive that is less sensitive than other compounds of similar availability.  It has a similar structure to RDX but with nitrosamine groups replacing the nitroamine groups of RDX. It is also found as a decomposition product of RDX in the environment, such as after RDX detonation. This may be a potential environmental issue as a study concluded that TNX is toxic to earthworm Eisenia fetida. R-salt is synthesized by nitrosation of hexamine.

Nitrosation and nitrosylation
Nitrosation and nitrosylation are two names for the process of converting organic compounds or metal complexes into nitroso derivatives, i.e., compounds containing the R−NO functionality.  The synonymy arises because the R-NO functionality can be interpreted two different ways, depending on the physico-chemical environment:

Nitrosylation interprets the process as adding a nitrosyl radical NO•.  Nitrosylation commonly occurs in the context of a metal (e.g. iron) or a thiol, leading to nitrosyl iron Fe−NO (e.g., in nitrosylated heme = nitrosylheme) or S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs).

Nitrosation interprets the process as adding a nitrosonium ion NO+.  Nitrosation commonly occurs with amines (–NH2), leading to a nitrosamine.

There are multiple chemical mechanisms by which this can be achieved, including enzymes and chemical synthesis.
Minamoto no Michitomo
Minamoto no Michitomo (源通具, Minamoto no Michitomo, 1171 - 1227) was a waka poet and Japanese nobleman active in the early Kamakura period. He was the son of Minamoto no Michichika and the foster father of the monk Dōgen. He is designated as a member of the New Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry (新三十六歌仙, Shinsanjūrokkasen). He is also known as Horikawa Michitomo and Horikawa Dainagon (堀川大納言).

Alongside Fujiwara no Ariie, Fujiwara no Teika, Jakuren, Fujiwara no Ietaka and Asukai Masatsune he worked on the compilation of the Shin Kokin Wakashū.

Fujiwara no Ietaka
Fujiwara no Ietaka (藤原家隆; 1158 – May 5, 1237) was an early Kamakura period Japanese waka poet. Several of his poems are included in the Shin Kokin Wakashū. He was related by marriage to Jakuren, which made him strongly connected to the network of poets of the time.  He was a pupil to Fujiwara no Shunzei.
Seaplane Training Flight RAAF
The Seaplane Training Flight was a Royal Australian Air Force unit responsible for providing seaplane conversion training to RAAF air and ground crew.

The Seaplane Training Flight was established on 1 March 1940 at RAAF Base Rathmines in New South Wales. Initially equipped with two Supermarine Seagull aircraft the Flight received Consolidated Catalina aircraft in the second half of 1940 and a small number of Vought Kingfisher aircraft in early 1942.

As part of the expansion of the RAAF's seaplane units the Seaplane Training Flight was expanded to form No. 3 Operational Training Unit on 28 December 1942.

Consolidated PBY Catalina
The Consolidated Model 28, more commonly known as the PBY Catalina (U.S. Navy designation), is an American flying boat and amphibious aircraft designed by Consolidated Aircraft in the 1930s and 1940s. In U.S. Army service, it was designated as the OA-10 and in Canadian service as the Canso, and it later received the NATO reporting name Mop. It was one of the most widely used seaplanes of World War II. Catalinas served with every branch of the United States Armed Forces and in the air forces and navies of many other nations.  The last military PBYs served until the 1980s.
Occidental Petroleum
Occidental Petroleum Corporation (often abbreviated Oxy in reference to its ticker symbol and logo) is an American company engaged in hydrocarbon exploration in the United States and the Middle East as well as petrochemical manufacturing in the United States, Canada, and Chile. It is incorporated under the Delaware General Corporation Law and headquartered in Houston. The company ranked 183rd on the 2021 Fortune 500 based on its 2020 revenues and 670th on the 2021 Forbes Global 2000.

Potash
Potash (/ˈpɒtæʃ/ POT-ash) are mined and manufactured salts that contain potassium in water-soluble form. The term potash derives from pot ash, either plant ashes or wood ashes that were soaked in water in a pot, which was the primary means of manufacturing potash before the Industrial Era; the word potassium derives from the term potash.

In 2021, the worldwide production of potash exceeded 71.9 million tonnes (~45.4 million tonnes K2O equivalent), and Canada is the greatest producer of potash as fertilizer. Potassium was first derived in 1807 by electrolysis of caustic potash (potassium hydroxide).
Samuel and Lana Ewing House
The Samuel and Lana Ewing House. at 107 S. 100 East in Smithfield, Utah, is a house with Queen Anne-style features. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Built around 1904, it is a one-story frame house upon a somewhat raised stone foundation.

It has a square tower, while round towers with conical roofs are more common in Queen Anne houses.

Smithfield, Utah
Smithfield is a city in Cache County, Utah, United States. The population was 13,571 at the 2020 United States census, It is included in the Logan, Utah–Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is the second largest city in the area after Logan, the county seat. Smithfield is home to Sky View High School and three public elementary schools.
Cyclodorippidae
Cyclodorippidae is a family of crustaceans belonging to the order Decapoda.

Genera:

Clythrocerus Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1899

Corycodus Milne-Edwards, 1880

Cyclodorippe Milne-Edwards, 1880

Deilocerus Tavares, 1993

Ketamia Tavares, 1992

Krangalangia Tavares, 1992

Miotymolus Feldmann, Schweitzer, Casadio & Griffin, 2011

Neocorycodus Tavares, 1993

Simodorippe Chace, 1940

Tymolus Stimpson, 1858

Xeinostoma Stebbing, 1920

Clythrocerus
Clythrocerus is a genus of brachyuran crab known from the Gulf of Mexico and western portions of the Atlantic Ocean. It currently includes four species: C. stimpsoni, C. granulatus, C. perpusillus, and C. nitidus.

Cladogram from the Catalogue of Life:
Da Capo (Toy album)
Da Capo (Italian music term meaning "from the beginning") is the seventh studio album by South Korean one-man project band Toy. It was released on November 18, 2014, by Antenna Music and distributed by CJ E&M Music.

The album drew attention as various musicians collaborated with the band for the album as featured artists; Sung Si-kyung, Kim Dong-ryool, Lee Juck, Sunwoo Jung-ah, Dynamic Duo, Crush, Beenzino, Zion.T, Kwon Jin-ah, Lee Soo-hyun of Akdong Musician, and Lim Kim of Togeworl.

Da Capo has spawned two singles, the number-one hit "Three of Us" and the top 20 song "Reset". The album, co-produced by Yoo Hee-yeol (the band's sole member) and Shin Jae-pyung (of electronic duo Peppertones), is Toy's first full-length release after a seven-year hiatus since Thank You (2007).

Togeworl
Togeworl (Korean: 투개월, also known as Two Months) is a South Korean folk pop duo, that was formed in New Jersey in 2011. They are known for debuting and competing in the Korean singing competition Superstar K3, placing third. The duo went on an indefinite hiatus in 2013, with vocalist Lim Kim subsequently debuting as a solo musician.
John Parkington
John Parkington FRSSAf is an Emeritus professor in archaeology and hunter-gatherers, Paleoenvironmental reconstruction and human ecology, prehistoric art, and coastal archaeology. He has suggested that since fish provide an important nutrient for the brain, the consumption of fish led to the emergence of the first really intelligent humans in the Western Cape region of South Africa. In February 2000 South African President Thabo Mbeki mentioned the letter he had received from Parkington, regarding the protection of archaeological heritage sites, in his address at the opening of South Africa's Parliament.

Paleoecology
Paleoecology (also spelled palaeoecology) is the study of interactions between organisms and/or interactions between organisms and their environments across geologic timescales. As a discipline, paleoecology interacts with, depends on and informs a variety of fields including paleontology, ecology, climatology and biology.

Paleoecology emerged from the field of paleontology in the 1950s, though paleontologists have conducted paleoecological studies since the creation of paleontology in the 1700s and 1800s. Combining the investigative approach of searching for fossils with the theoretical approach of Charles Darwin and Alexander von Humboldt, paleoecology began as paleontologists began examining both the ancient organisms they discovered and the reconstructed environments in which they lived. Visual depictions of past marine and terrestrial communities have been considered an early form of paleoecology. The term "paleo-ecology" was coined by Frederic Clements in 1916.
The Dirty Guv'nahs
The Dirty Guv'nahs is an American Southern rock band from Knoxville, Tennessee. Known for enthusiastic live shows, the band was continually  named the Best Band in Knoxville by readers of the alternative newspaper,  Metro Pulse. Having gained a regional following in the Southeast, the band made multiple appearances at festivals and released four studio albums. Their last album, Hearts on Fire, was released on March 11, 2014. The group disbanded in 2015 and reformed in 2018. The group released a new album in 2021, and the first single from the album was released in November 2020.

The Dirty Guv'nahs' songs are represented by   Downtown Music Publishing and have been featured on ABC, NBC, Fox, CBS, ESPN, WFN, and the NFL Network.

World Fishing Network
World Fishing Network (WFN) is an American television network that offers online and mobile platform dedicated to fishing. It offers a diverse range of programming that includes instruction, tips, tournaments, travel, food boating and outdoor lifestyle content. The network is accessible to viewers in the United States and the Caribbean through cable, satellite, and telecommunication subscriptions.
Vyatka Land
Vyatka Land (Russian: Вятская земля) is a historical region in the basin of the Vyatka River, approximately corresponding to modern-day Kirov Oblast in Russia.

While the Permians were its original inhabitants, it was gradually settled by Slavic settlers whose arrival is traditionally dated to the late 12th century. Vyatka Land, being geographically isolated from the rest of the Russian lands, sometimes accepted the suzerainty of other Russian and Tatar states, but enjoyed a large degree of de facto independence until it was annexed by the Grand Principality of Moscow in 1489.

Ataman
Ataman (variants: otaman, wataman, vataman; Russian: атаман, romanized: ataman; Ukrainian: отаман, romanized: otaman, German: Feldataman) was a title of Cossack and haidamak leaders of various kinds. In the Russian Empire, the term was the official title of the supreme military commanders of the Cossack armies. The Ukrainian version of the same word is hetman. Otaman in Ukrainian Cossack forces was a position of a lower rank.
Guðmundur Ingi Guðbrandsson
Guðmundur Ingi Guðbrandsson (born 28 March 1977) is a former member of parliament (Alþingi) in Iceland. He served as Minister of Social Affairs and the Labour Market, and concurrently as Minister for Nordic Co-operation, from 28 November 2021 to 17 October 2024. He represents the Left-Green Movement. He was Minister for the Environment and Natural Resources from 30 November 2017 to 28 November 2021. He has also been the CEO of Landvernd, the largest nature conservation and environmental NGO in Iceland, from 2011 to 2017. In 2017 he became the first openly gay man to become an Icelandic Minister. He is currently the vice-chair of the Left-Green Movement. Previously, he served as chair from April to October 2024 and as vice-chair from October 2019 to April 2024.

Minister of Social Affairs (Iceland)
The Minister of Social Affairs (Icelandic: Félagsmálaráðherra) was a cabinet position which existed between 17 April 1939 and 1 January 2008. The Ministry of Social Affairs existed alongside the minister after 1 January 1970 when the Cabinet of Iceland Act no. 73/1969 took effect since ministries had not formally existed separately from the ministers. On 1 January 2008 the position became Minister of Social Affairs and Social Security (Icelandic: Félags- og tryggingamálaráðuneytið) and the ministry itself was also renamed accordingly. On 31 December 2010 the Ministry of Social Affairs and Social Security was merged with the Ministry of Health and Social Security to form the Ministry of Welfare.
1982 Bavarian Tennis Championships – Doubles
David Carter and Paul Kronk were the defending champions, but Kronk did not participate this year.  Carter partnered Chris Lewis, losing in the first round.

Chip Hooper and Mel Purcell won the title, defeating Tian Viljoen and Danie Visser 6–4, 7–6 in the final.

Chip Hooper
Chip Hooper (born October 24, 1958) is a former tennis player from the United States, who won five doubles titles during his professional career.

The right-handed Hooper reached his highest ATP singles ranking of World No. 17 in April 1982

Hooper played collegiately at Memphis State University (now University of Memphis) and the University of Arkansas.

Currently, he is working as a private tennis coach in Miami.
Lunsford L. Lomax
Lunsford Lindsay Lomax (November 4, 1835 – May 28, 1913) was the fourth president of Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and an officer in the United States Army who resigned his commission to join the Confederate Army at the outbreak of the American Civil War. He had maintained a close friendship with his West Point classmate Fitzhugh Lee, and served under him as a brigadier in the Overland Campaign. He was then given command of the Valley District, where he supervised intelligence-gathering operations by Mosby's Rangers.

General officers in the Confederate States Army
The general officers of the Confederate States Army (CSA) were the senior military leaders of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War of 1861–1865. They were often former officers from the United States Army (the regular army) before the Civil War, while others were given the rank based on merit or when necessity demanded. Most Confederate generals needed confirmation from the Confederate States Congress, much like prospective generals in the modern U.S. armed forces.

Like all of the Confederacy's military forces, these generals answered to their civilian leadership, in particular Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederate States of America and therefore commander-in-chief of the military forces of the Confederate States.
Mario Botta
Mario Botta (born 1 April 1943) is a Swiss architect. At age fifteen, Botta dropped out of secondary school and apprenticed with the architectural firm of Carloni and Camenisch in Lugano. After three years, he went to the Art College in Milan for his baccalaureate, and then to Università Iuav di Venezia for his professional degree in 1969. During his time in Venice, Botta got to meet and work with architects Carlo Scarpa, Louis Kahn and Le Corbusier. Botta started his own architectural practice in Lugano in 1970.

Évry, Essonne
Évry (French pronunciation: [evʁi] ⓘ) is a former commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France, prefecture of the department of Essonne. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Évry-Courcouronnes.

It is located 25.0 km (15.5 mi) from the center of Paris, in the "new town" of Évry Ville Nouvelle, created in the 1960s, of which it is the central and most populated commune.

Significant nearby communes include Courcouronnes, Corbeil-Essonnes, Ris-Orangis, Brétigny-sur-Orge, and Draveil.
Sheridan Sun
The Sun was the newspaper for Sheridan, Oregon, United States. The paper was published weekly on Wednesdays. The Sun served the West Yamhill Valley communities of Sheridan, Willamina, and Grand Ronde in Yamhill and Polk counties.

Grand Ronde, Oregon
Grand Ronde is a census-designated place (CDP) and unincorporated community in Polk and Yamhill counties, Oregon, United States. Historically noted as a village in Polk County, the sphere of influence and community is in both Polk and Yamhill counties. The name of the community is a variation of the French Grande Ronde or "Grand Round" which could be about the large round-up of Native American peoples in the area who were settled on what was known as the Grand Ronde Indian Reservation, or possibly referencing the shape of the valley in which the community is located. As of the 2020 census, Grand Ronde had a population of 2,010. It is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Bentinck Street houses, Bathurst
The Bentinck Street houses are two separately heritage-listed semi-detached houses at 67 and 71 Bentinck Street, Bathurst, in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia. The houses are privately owned. Both houses were added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Central West (New South Wales)
The Central West is a region in central New South Wales, Australia. The region stretches from Lithgow in the east and to as far west as Lake Cargelligo, on the Lachlan River. The Central West is known for its attractions such as the Jenolan Caves, near Oberon and also wineries, as well as rural farmland and natural landscapes. The region includes major towns like Bathurst, Orange, Mudgee, Lithgow, Parkes and Cowra. It has an area of 63,262 square kilometres (24,426 sq mi). The region also includes the sub-region known as the Central Tablelands, located in the eastern part of the region. The region known as the Orana, which includes the area surrounding Dubbo is typically classed as being a part of the Central West also.

Major population and service centres in the Central West include Bathurst, Cowra, Lithgow, Mudgee, Orange, and Parkes. Bathurst and Orange are home to campuses of Charles Sturt University, and Lithgow housing the University of Notre Dame Regional Clinical School.