hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexander Livingston of Callendar
Alexander Livingston of Callendar (c. 1375 - 1451) was a Scottish nobleman who played a significant political role during the minority of King James II. He served most notably as Justiciar of Scotland, and also acted as guardian to the king in his role as custodian of Stirling Castle. Livingston rose to power by imprisoning Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scots, James II's mother, in 1439, and enjoyed extensive prestige and influence in Scotland during the next decade. Livingston's alliance with the Douglas family, particularly William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas, contributed to a period of civil war in Scotland during the 1440s. Livingston's political power collapsed in 1449, with the executions of several of his influential relatives, leaving him in exile outside Scotland. Despite these circumstances, Livingston ultimately became the progenitor of the Earls of Linlithgow through his eldest son, James.

Linlithgow Palace
The ruins of Linlithgow Palace are located in the town of Linlithgow, West Lothian, Scotland, 15 miles (24 km) west of Edinburgh. The palace was one of the principal residences of the monarchs of Scotland in the 15th and 16th centuries. Although maintained after Scotland's monarchs left for England in 1603, the palace was little used, and was burned out in 1746. It is now a visitor attraction in the care of Historic Environment Scotland.
Bornem
Bornem (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbɔrnəm] ⓘ; old spelling: Bornhem) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. The municipality comprises the village of Bornem proper, Hingene, Mariekerke and Weert, and Wintam. There are also the hamlets of Branst, Buitenland, Eikevliet and Wintam. In 2021, Bornem had a total population of 21,428. The total area is 45.76 km2.

Antwerp Province
The Antwerp Province (/ˈæntwɜːrp/; Dutch: Provincie Antwerpen [proːˈvɪnsi ˈɑntʋɛrpə(n)]; French: Province d'Anvers; German: Provinz Antwerpen), between 1815 and 1830 known as Central Brabant (Dutch: Midden-Brabant [ˌmɪdə(m)ˈbraːbɑnt], French: Brabant-Central, German: Mittel-Brabant), is the northernmost province both of the Flemish Region, also called Flanders, and of Belgium. It borders on the North Brabant province of the Netherlands to the north and the Belgian provinces of Limburg, Flemish Brabant and East Flanders. Its capital is Antwerp, which includes the Port of Antwerp, the second-largest seaport in Europe. It has an area of 2,876 km2 (1,110 sq mi), and with over 1.92 million inhabitants as of January 2024, is the country's most populous province. The province consists of three arrondissements: Antwerp, Mechelen and Turnhout. The eastern part of the province comprises the main part of the Campine region.
Badminton at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Badminton events at the 2014 Commonwealth Games took place between Thursday 24 July and Sunday 3 August at the newly built Emirates Arena, in Glasgow.

Badminton is one of ten core sports at the Commonwealth Games and has been continuously held at the Games since its first appearance at the 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Kingston, Jamaica. The badminton programme in 2014 included men's and women's singles competitions; men's, women's and mixed doubles competitions alongside a mixed team event throughout the 11 days of competition. The draw for the tournament was held on 21 July in Glasgow.

1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
The 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games were held in Kingston, Jamaica, from 4 to 13 August 1966. This was the first time that the Games had been held outside the so-called White Dominions. The opening ceremony was the first Games to be opened in the evening. The event was followed by the 1966 Commonwealth Paraplegic Games for wheelchair athletes. Jamaica remains the only host nation of a Commonwealth Games that did not win at least one gold medal in its own games.

Two sports; lawn bowls and rowing were dropped from the Games due to lack of facilities and were replaced by the debut sports of badminton and shooting. A record 38 countries competed at the Games.
The State We're In (radio program)
The State We're In, or TSWI, was a podcast produced every other week by WBEZ, hosted and edited by Jonathan Groubert.  The program airs documentary features and reports on "human rights, human wrongs and how we treat each other".

The program was formerly a Dutch-American radio program, produced by Radio Netherlands Worldwide in conjunction with WAMU-FM in Washington, DC. It was syndicated through National Public Radio, and was the first radio program produced in a non-anglophone country ever to gain network distribution on English-language radio in the United States. It was also carried on CBC Radio One in Canada and ABC Radio National in Australia.

The radio version of the show ended on Radio Netherlands Worldwide on 28 September 2012, due to cutbacks in public expenditure. The show was relaunched as a podcast format in November 2013 but subsequently stopped being carried by WBEZ.

Radio National
ABC Radio National, more commonly known as Radio National or simply RN, is an Australian nationwide public service radio network run by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). From 1947 until 1985, the network was known as ABC Radio 2.
Law of heraldic arms
The law of heraldic arms, sometimes simply laws of heraldry, governs the possession, use or display of arms, called bearing of arms. That use includes the coats of arms, coat armour or armorial bearings. Originally with the sole function of enabling knights to identify each other on the battlefield, they soon acquired wider, more decorative uses. Today they are used by countries, public and private institutions or individuals. The first laws regarding arms were written by Bartolus de Saxoferrato and the officials who administer these matters today are called pursuivants, heralds, or kings of arms. The law of arms is part of the law in countries which regulate heraldry, although not part of common law in England and in countries whose laws derive from English law. In most European countries without monarchies, much like in the United States, there are no laws against assuming arms, with the closest legal authenticity mechanism being a pictorial copyright protection.

Canadian Heraldic Authority
The Canadian Heraldic Authority (CHA; French: Autorité héraldique du Canada) is part of the Canadian honours system under the Canadian monarch, whose authority is exercised by the Governor General of Canada. The authority is responsible for the creation and granting of new coats of arms (armorial bearings), flags, and badges for Canadian citizens, government agencies, municipal, civic and other corporate bodies. The authority also registers existing armorial bearings granted by other recognized heraldic authorities, approves military badges, flags, and other insignia of the Canadian Forces, and provides information on heraldic practices. It is well known for its innovative designs, many incorporating First Nations symbolism.

The CHA is the Canadian counterpart of the College of Arms in London, the Court of the Lord Lyon in Scotland, the Office of the Chief Herald of Ireland in the Republic of Ireland, and U.S. Army Institute of Heraldry for federal agencies of the United States.
Christian Hjermind
Christian Hjermind (born 25 July 1973) is a Danish former professional team handball player. Until April 2025 he served as the director of KIF Kolding.

Hjermind played club handball for HIK Håndbold, and was the top goalscorer of the club in the 1995 Danish Handball League season. 
He moved abroad to play for SG Flensburg-Handewitt in Germany and BM Ciudad Real in Spain. In 1997 he was named Danish handaller of the year.  He returned to Denmark to play for KIF Kolding in 2003. He played four seasons with KIF, winning two Danish Handball League championships and two Danish Handball Cup trophies, before moving back to Ciudad Real in 2007.

He represented the Danish national handball team at the 2002 European Championship, winning bronze medals, the 2003 World Championship, the 2004 European Championship, winning bronze medals, and the 2005 World Championship.

2004 European Men's Handball Championship
The 2004 Men's European Handball Championship was the sixth edition of the tournament and took place from 22 January to 1 February 2004 in Slovenia in the cities of Ljubljana, Celje, Velenje and Koper.

Germany  won the title after defeating hosts Slovenia in the final. Denmark  captured the bronze medal, after defeating Croatia.
Daniel Hooker
Daniel Darius Hooker (December 22, 1831 – April 26, 1894) was an American molder and tool manufacturer from Milwaukee, Wisconsin who served two terms as a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly. He was elected as a "Democratic Trades Assembly" candidate in 1882 (the Milwaukee Trades Assembly, a labor federation which was also an antecedent to that state's Union Labor Party, ran its own direct candidates against Democrats in other districts); and re-elected in 1884.

Trade union federation
Organizers within trade unions have sought to increase the bargaining power of workers in regards to collective bargaining by acting in collaboration with other trade unions. Multi-union organizing can take place on an informal basis, or on a more formal basis via an umbrella organization comprising multiple trade unions. Such umbrella organizations may be referred to as a trade union federation, trade union confederation, or trade union centre.
Army of Karelia
The Army of Karelia (Finnish: Karjalan armeija; Swedish: Karelska armén) was a Finnish army during the Continuation War.

The Army of Karelia was formed on 29 June 1941 soon after the start of the Continuation War.

Army
An army, ground force or land force is an armed force that fights primarily on land. In the broadest sense, it is the land-based military branch, service branch, or armed service of a nation or country. It may also include aviation assets by possessing an army aviation component. Within a national military force, the word army may also mean a field army.
Mira Trailović
Mira Trailović (Serbian Cyrillic: Мира Траиловић; née Milićević; 22 January 1924 – 7 August 1989) was a Serbian dramaturg and one of the most distinguished theatre directors in the history of Serbian and Yugoslav theatre. A pioneer of the avant-garde theatre in Eastern Europe, she was one of the founders and a driving force behind the Atelje 212 theater and BITEF, one of the most important European theatre festivals

The Misunderstanding
The Misunderstanding (French: Le Malentendu), sometimes published as Cross Purpose, is a play written in 1943 in occupied France by Albert Camus. It focuses on Camus's idea of the Absurd.

A man who has been living overseas for many years returns home to find his sister and widowed mother are making a living by taking in lodgers and murdering them. Since neither his sister nor his mother recognize him, he becomes a lodger himself without revealing his identity.
C-Cube
C-Cube Microsystems, Inc., was an early company in video compression technology as well as the implementation of that technology into semiconductor integrated circuits and systems. C-Cube was the first company to deliver on the market opportunity presented by the conversion of image and video data from analog to digital formats enabling markets such as VideoCD, DVD, DirecTV, digital cable, and non-linear editing systems.

Sequoia Capital
Sequoia Capital Operations, LLC, doing business as Sequoia Capital or simply Sequoia, is an American venture capital firm headquartered in Menlo Park, California. It specializes in seed stage, early stage, and growth stage investments in private companies across technology sectors. As of January 2025, the firm had approximately US$56 billion in assets under management (AUM).

The firm operates three regionally-focused venture entities, as Sequoia in Europe, Peak XV Partners in Southeast Asia, and formerly HongShan in China. Sequoia has made a wide variety of venture investments since inception, including in Apple, ByteDance, and Cisco, among many others.
Vele, Satara
Vele is a village in the Western region of Maharashtra state in India. It is located in the Satara district of Maharashtra. Before it was a part of Bombay State and Princely state of Satara. It is located adjacent to Kanher Dam built on Venna River. There is a big temple of Bhairava at the village entrance. Also there are number of temples in closed vicinity of village. Surrounded by greenery and farms, agriculture is the main occupation in the village with more than 80% of the total area being used for agricultural activities. Though agriculture constitutes a mainstay of the economy of this village, besides a sizeable population working at various plum government positions does bolster the financial position.

Deshmukh
Deshmukh (IAST:Dēśamukh) is a historical title conferred to the rulers of a Dēśamukhi. It is used as a surname in certain regions of India, especially in the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka and Telangana and also in Andhra Pradesh and northern parts of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat, Goa whose family received it as a title.
Robert Blair (antiquarian)
Robert Blair (8 June 1845 - 14 July 1923) was an antiquarian and solicitor from South Shields, England. He was instrumental in the early investigations of the Roman fort at South Shields, now known as Arbeia.  As well as his antiquarian work he was also secretary of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne, and editor of their journal Archaeologia Aeliana.

South Shields
South Shields (/ʃiːlz/) is a coastal port town in South Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England; it lies on the south bank of the mouth of the River Tyne. The town was known in Roman times as Arbeia and as Caer Urfa by the Early Middle Ages. It is the fourth largest settlement in Tyne and Wear, after Newcastle upon Tyne, Sunderland and Gateshead; in 2021, it had a population of 75,337.

Historically within the county of Durham, South Shields is south of North Shields and Tynemouth across the River Tyne; and east of Newcastle upon Tyne and Jarrow.
Shawnee Mission South High School
Shawnee Mission South High School is a high school located in Overland Park, Kansas, United States, serving students in grades 9-12.  The school is one of several public high schools located within Shawnee Mission and operated by Shawnee Mission USD 512 school district.  The school colors are green and gold and the school mascot is the Raider. The average annual enrollment is approximately 1,600 students.  The school newspaper is called The Patriot.

Shawnee Mission USD 512
Shawnee Mission USD 512 is a public unified school district headquartered in Shawnee Mission, Kansas, United States. The district comprises five high schools, five middle schools, 34 elementary schools, and six District centers. In the 2023–24 school year, district enrollment is approximately 26,200 students.
Yolande of Aragon, Countess of Niebla
Yolande of Aragon or Violante of Sicily (Kingdom of Sicily – 1428, Italian: Jolanda d'Aragona, Catalan: Violant d'Aragó, Spanish: Violante de Aragón) was the legitimized daughter of King Martin I of Sicily and countess of Niebla. She was a member of the House of Barcelona. Eugénie de Montijo, the last Empress consort of the French, was descended from her.

Legitimacy (family law)
Legitimacy, in traditional Western common law, is the status of a child born to parents who are legally married to each other, and of a child conceived before the parents obtain a legal divorce.

Conversely, illegitimacy, also known as bastardy, has been the status of a child born outside marriage, such a child being known as a bastard, a love child, a natural child, or illegitimate. In Scots law, the terms natural son and natural daughter carry the same implications.

The importance of legitimacy has decreased substantially in Western countries since the sexual revolution of the 1960s and 1970s and the declining influence of Christian churches in family and social life.

A 2009 report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention indicated that in 2007 a substantial proportion of births in Western countries occurred outside marriage.
WLMI
WLMI (92.9 MHz) is a commercial radio station licensed to Grand Ledge, Michigan, and serving the Lansing metropolitan area. Owned by Midwest Communications, it broadcasts a classic hits radio format branded as "Cruisin 92.9".  The studios are on Cedar Street in Holt.

WLMI has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 5,400 watts.  The transmitter tower is on West Allegan Street at South Capitol Avenue in Lansing, near the Michigan State Capitol building.

Radio masts and towers
Radio masts and towers are typically tall structures designed to support antennas for telecommunications and broadcasting, including television. There are two main types: guyed and self-supporting structures. They are among the tallest human-made structures. Masts are often named after the broadcasting organizations that originally built them or currently use them.

A mast radiator or radiating tower is one in which the metal mast or tower itself is energized and functions as the transmitting antenna.
1970–71 Regionalliga
The 1970–71 Regionalliga  was the eighth season of the Regionalliga, the second tier of the German football league system. The league operated in five regional divisions, Berlin, North, South, Southwest and West. The five league champions and all five runners-up, at the end of the season, entered a promotion play-off to determine the two clubs to move up to the Bundesliga for the next season. The two promotion spots went to the Regionalliga West champions and runners-up VfL Bochum and Fortuna Düsseldorf.

Regionalliga West (1963–1974)
The Regionalliga West was the second-highest level of the German football league system in the west of Germany from 1963 until the formation of the 2. Bundesliga in 1974. It covered the state of Nordrhein-Westfalen, the most populous state of Germany.
15 Minutes
15 Minutes is a 2001 satirical buddy cop action thriller film directed and written by John Herzfeld and starring Robert De Niro and Edward Burns. Its story revolves around homicide detective Eddie Fleming (De Niro) and fire marshal Jordan Warsaw (Burns), who join forces to apprehend Emil Slovák and Oleg Razgul (Karel Roden and Oleg Taktarov), a pair of Eastern European murderers videotaping their crimes with hopes of becoming rich and famous. The title is a reference to the Andy Warhol quotation, "In the future, everyone will be world-famous for 15 minutes." 15 Minutes was produced by TriBeCa Productions and New Redemption Pictures and released by New Line Cinema overseas and Kinowelt Filmverleih in Germany on March 9, 2001. The film received negative reviews from critics and grossed $56.4 million against a $42 million budget.

Buddy cop
Buddy cop is a film and television genre with plots involving two people of very different and conflicting personalities who are forced to work together to solve a crime or defeat criminals, often learning from each other in the process. The two are normally either police officers (cops) or secret agents, but some films or TV series that are not about two officers may still be referred to as buddy cop films/TV series. It is a subgenre of buddy films and crime fiction. They can be either comedies or action-thrillers.
Mobile network codes in ITU region 2xx (Europe)
This list contains the mobile country codes (MCC) and mobile network codes (MNC) for networks with country codes between 200 and 299, inclusive. This range covers Europe, as well as: the Asian parts of the Russian Federation and Turkey; Georgia; Armenia; Greenland; the Azores and Madeira as parts of Portugal; and the Canary Islands as part of Spain.

TIM Group
TIM S.p.A. (formerly Telecom Italia S.p.A.) is an Italian telecommunications company with headquarters in Rome, Milan, and Naples (with the Telecom Italia Tower), which provides fixed, public and mobile telephony, and DSL data services.

It is the largest Italian telecommunications services provider in revenues and subscribers. It was founded in 1994 by the merger of several state-owned telecommunications companies, the most prominent of which was SIP, the former state monopoly telephone operator in Italy.

The company's stock is traded in the Borsa Italiana. The Italian State has exercised the "Golden Power" on TIM since 2017, which allows the government to take a number of actions when the strategic interests of the country are concerned.

It has also a subsidiary in Brazil, known as TIM Brasil, with 72.6 million customers. The brand covers over 114 million customers worldwide.

As April 2024, Net sales are distributed geographically as follows: Italy (72.9%) and Brazil (27.1%).
10:15 Saturday Night
"10:15 Saturday Night" is a song by the English rock band the Cure. It was the B-side to their December 1978 single "Killing an Arab" as well as the opening track of their debut album Three Imaginary Boys. It was also released in France as a single, with the track "Accuracy" as the B-side. It has been performed live during most of their shows since its release, and was included on their 1984 album Concert: The Cure Live.

A promotional video, directed by Piers Bedford, was the band's first music video.

Three Imaginary Boys
Three Imaginary Boys is the debut studio album by the English rock band the Cure, released on 8 May 1979 by Fiction Records, and reached number 44 on the UK Albums Chart. It was later released in the United States, Canada, and Australia with a different track listing as a compilation album titled Boys Don't Cry.
Ice Mountain (Colorado)
Ice Mountain is a high mountain summit of the Collegiate Peaks in the Sawatch Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America.  The 13,958-foot (4,254 m) thirteener is located in the Collegiate Peaks Wilderness, 17.1 miles (27.5 km) west-northwest (bearing 290°) of the Town of Buena Vista, Colorado, United States, on the Continental Divide separating San Isabel National Forest and Chaffee County from White River National Forest and Pitkin County.

Buena Vista, Colorado
Buena Vista (/ˈbjuːnə ˈvɪstə/ BEW-nə VISS-tə) is a statutory town located in Chaffee County, Colorado, United States. The town population was 2,855 at the 2020 United States census. From 1888 until 1928, Buena Vista served as the county seat of Chaffee County.
Asteria Medievale
Asteria was a vocal ensemble founded in 2003 that specialized in historically informed performances of medieval and Renaissance music, based on extensive research with original source material. It was based in Brooklyn, New York. The act consisted of Sylvia Rhyne, soprano, and Eric Redlinger, tenor and lute player. Their repertoire is anchored in 15th century chanson, including noted composers such as Du Fay and Antoine Busnoys.

Winners of the 2004 Unicorn Prize for best North American early music ensemble specializing in medieval and renaissance music, they toured extensively in Europe and the Americas.  They recorded 4 CDs of polyphonic chansons for the Magnatune label.

Asteria was fiscally-sponsored by GEMS, a 501(c)(3) organization dedicated to the promotion and advancement of early music in New York City.

Antoine Busnois
Antoine Busnois (also Busnoys; c. 1430 – before 6 November 1492) was a French composer, singer and poet of early Renaissance music. Busnois and colleague Johannes Ockeghem were the leading European composers of the second half the 15th century, and central figures of the early Franco-Flemish School.

While also noted as a composer of motets and other sacred music, he was one of the most renowned 15th-century composers of secular polyphonic chansons. Between Guillaume Du Fay and Claudin de Sermisy, Busnois was the most prolific and important French composer of songs.