hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Barban
Barban (Italian: Barbana, Čakavian Barbon, or Brban) is a small town and municipality in the southern part of eastern Istria, Croatia.

The municipality of Barban covers an area of around 100 km2 and contains 23 settlements with a total of 2,491 people.

Istria
Istria (/ˈɪstriə/ IST-ree-ə; Croatian and Slovene: Istra; Italian and Venetian: Istria; Istriot: Eîstria; Istro-Romanian: Istria; Latin: Histria; Ancient Greek: Ἱστρία) is the largest peninsula within the Adriatic Sea. Located at the top of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Kvarner Gulf, the peninsula is shared by three countries: Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy, 90% of its area being part of Croatia. Most of Croatian Istria is part of Istria County.
Lunula (anatomy)
The lunula (pl.: lunulae; from Latin 'little moon') is the crescent-shaped whitish area of the bed of a fingernail or toenail.

In humans, it appears by week 14 of gestation, and has a primary structural role in defining the free edge of the distal nail plate (the part of the nail that grows outward).

Gestation
Gestation is the period of development during the carrying of an embryo, and later fetus, inside viviparous animals (the embryo develops within the parent). It is typical for mammals, but also occurs for some non-mammals. Mammals during pregnancy can have one or more gestations at the same time, for example in a multiple birth.

The time interval of a gestation is called the gestation period. In obstetrics, gestational age refers to the time since the onset of the last menses, which on average is fertilization age plus two weeks.
Éguelshardt
Éguelshardt (French pronunciation: [eɡəlsaʁt]; German: Egelshardt; Lorraine Franconian: Egelshat) is a commune in the Moselle department of the Grand Est administrative region in north-eastern France.

The village belongs to the Pays de Bitche and to the Northern Vosges Regional Nature Park.

Pays de Bitche
The Pays de Bitche (French pronunciation: [pe.i də bitʃ], literally Land of Bitche, German: Bitscherland or Bitcherland) is a natural region in the Moselle department of the Grand Est region of France. It corresponds to the present French part of the former principality of Zweibrücken-Bitsch and to the part of the Northern Vosges that lies within Lorraine.

The Pays de Bitche has a total of 47 municipalities. 46 of them are gathered into the Bitche canton and the remaining one, Kalhausen, is a part of the Sarreguemines canton.
Sarakreek
Sarakreek is a resort (≈ municipality) in the gold mining region of Brokopondo District in Suriname.  Its population at the 2012 census was 3,076. It is served by the Sarakreek Airstrip. The resort is named after the eponymous creek.

A large part of Sarakreek was flooded after the construction of the Afobaka Dam, and the villages which were lost in the Brokopondo Reservoir were resettled in Marshallkreek and Tapoeripa.

Villages in the resort include: Baikutu, Duwatra, Lebidoti, and Zoewatta.

Flooded villages include: Abontjeman and Ganzee.

Abontjeman
Abontjeman is an abandoned settlement in Brokopondo District, Suriname. It was located along the Sara Creek, and used to be inhabited by maroons. The village was flooded in 1964 after the construction of the Afobaka Dam.

Abontjeman used to have a train station on the Lawa Railway. In the 1920s, Elwyn Benjamin Fairweather, a bauxite entrepreneur from British Honduras, cleared a 40 kilometres (25 mi) long path from Abontjeman to the Marowijne River with the intention of building of road. Fairweather's company ceased to exist in 1943.
Juan Giambruno
Dr. Juan Giambruno (born February 23, 1950, in Montevideo) is a Uruguayan cardiac surgeon at Universidad de la República, Montevideo.

His major work is a fully implantable artificial heart called CATO (Corazón Artificial Total Ortotópico - Spanish for Orthotopic Total Artificial Heart), which looks and acts like a real heart. In the development of the CATO, Giambruno worked together with an important team of Uruguayan scientists (cardiac surgeons, engineers, veterinarians and others). The CATO has been tested in cows with good results. Giambruno has earned international patents for his invention.
The main factor why the project hasn't been completed yet is the lack of economic resources. For years, the team of scientists has been working very hard and for free, in the living room of Giambruno's apartment in Montevideo.

Cardiac surgery
Cardiac surgery, or cardiovascular surgery, is a  surgery on the heart or great vessels performed by cardiac surgeons. It is often used to treat complications of ischemic heart disease (for example, with coronary artery bypass grafting); to correct congenital heart disease; or to treat valvular heart disease from various causes, including endocarditis, rheumatic heart disease, and atherosclerosis. It also includes heart transplantation.
Alvin Eisenman
Alvin Eisenman (June 18, 1921 – September 3, 2013)  was an American graphic designer and educator throughout the last half of the 20th century. He was most notable for founding and heading the Yale School of Art's graduate program in graphic design beginning in 1951 — the first graduate program in graphic design in the United States. He remained the director of that program until his retirement in 1990, at which point he was succeeded by Sheila Levrant de Bretteville. Eisenman continued to teach in the program through the 1990s.

Graphic designer
A graphic designer is a practitioner who follows the discipline of graphic design, either within companies or organizations or independently. They are professionals in design and visual communication, with their primary focus on transforming linguistic messages into graphic manifestations, whether tangible or intangible. They are responsible for planning, designing, projecting, and conveying messages or ideas through visual communication. Graphic design is one of the most in-demand professions with significant job opportunities, as it allows leveraging technological advancements and working online from anywhere in the world.
Thoại Ngọc Hầu
Nguyễn Văn Thoại, Marquis of Thoại Ngọc (Vietnamese: Thoại Ngọc hầu Nguyễn Văn Thoại, chữ Hán: 瑞玉侯 阮文瑞, 1761–1829), was a Vietnamese military administrator of the Nguyễn dynasty.

In 1926 the  was built to worship at his tomb on Sam Mountain in Mekong Delta of Vietnam.

Chữ Hán
Chữ Hán (Vietnamese: 𡨸漢 [t͡ɕɯ˦ˀ˥ haːn˧˦] ⓘ, lit. 'Han characters') are the Chinese characters that were used to write Literary Chinese (Hán văn; 漢文) and Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary in Vietnamese. They were officially used in Vietnam after the Red River Delta region was annexed into the Han dynasty and continued to be used until the early 20th century.
Ma-ma (1976 film)
Rock'n'Roll Wolf (Romanian: Mama, Mother, Russian: Мама, international title: Rock 'n Roll Wolf) is a musical film from 1976 and is a Romanian–Soviet–French co-production.

The storyline is loosely based on the famous plot about the goat and her kids, published as "The Wolf and the Seven Young Kids" in Grimm's Fairy Tales and known to Romanian audience as Ion Creangă's "Capra cu trei iezi" ("The Goat and her Three Kids") and to Russian audience as a folk tale "Волк и семеро козлят" ("The Wolf and the Seven Kids"). In the movie the number of goat kids is five. The script was written by Vasilica Istrate and Yuri Entin, and Elisabeta Bostan directed.

The movie was filmed simultaneously in three languages (Romanian, Russian and English). The cast was formed by dancers from Moscow Circus, Moscow Circus on Ice, and Bolshoi Ballet. In 1977, the movie won the Silver Cup at the Children's Film Festival in Venice.

Yuri Entin
Yuri Sergeyevich Entin (Russian: Ю́рий Серге́евич Э́нтин; born 21 August 1935) is a Russian and Soviet poet, playwright and lyricist  who wrote screenplays and songs for various children's films including  The Bremen Town Musicians (1969) and two sequels (with Vasily Livanov) and Blue Puppy (1976), among others. He also wrote music with Bulat Okudzhava for the 1975 film The Adventures of Buratino.
Nikko Huelgas
Nikko Bryan Huelgas (born July 19, 1991) is a retired Filipino professional triathlete who competed internationally. He currently functions as the Marketing Head of the Philippine Olympic Committee (POC). He is the first Filipino to win a gold medal in the men's individual triathlon event at the Southeast Asian Games securing the feat in the 2015 edition. He also successfully defended his title at the 2017 Southeast Asian Games.

He is currently the captain of the Philippine National Triathlon team. He is a member of the Philippine Olympic Committee (POC) Athletes’ Commission serving as their Chairman. He also has a seat on the POC's Executive Board.

During his college days, he used to represent the varsity swimming and track and field team for De La Salle University in the UAAP.

University Athletic Association of the Philippines
The University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP), established in 1938, is an athletic association of eight Metro Manila universities in the Philippines. The eight-member schools are Adamson University (AdU), Ateneo de Manila University, De La Salle University (DLSU), Far Eastern University (FEU), National University (NU), University of the East (UE), University of the Philippines Diliman (UP), and the University of Santo Tomas (UST).

Varsity teams from these universities compete annually in the league's 19 sports categories to vie for the overall championship title, namely, 3x3 basketball, athletics, badminton, baseball, basketball, beach volleyball, cheerdance, chess, esports, fencing, football, judo, softball, street dance, swimming, table tennis, taekwondo kyorugi & poomsae, tennis, and volleyball.
Korolivka, Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast
Korolivka (Ukrainian: Королівка) is a village (selo) in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast, in western Ukraine. It belongs to Brody urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

From 1918 to 1939 the village was in Tarnopol Voivodeship in Poland.

Until 18 July 2020, Korolivka belonged to Brody Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Brody Raion was merged into Zolochiv Raion.

Tarnopol Voivodeship
Tarnopol Voivodeship (Polish: Województwo tarnopolskie; Ukrainian: Тернопільське воєводство, romanized: Ternopilske voievodstvo) was an administrative region of interwar Poland (1918–1939), created on 23 December 1920, with an area of 16,500 km2 and provincial capital in Tarnopol (now Ternopil, Ukraine). The voivodeship was divided into 17 districts (powiaty). At the end of World War II, at the insistence of Joseph Stalin during the Tehran Conference of 1943 without official Polish representation whatsoever, the borders of Poland were redrawn by the Allies. The Polish population was forcibly resettled after the defeat of Nazi Germany and the Tarnopol Voivodeship was incorporated into the Ukrainian SSR of the Soviet Union. Since 1991, the territory of the voivodeship has been split between the eastern part of the Lviv region and the central and southern parts of the Ternopil region in sovereign Ukraine.
USS Strong (DD-758)
USS Strong (DD-758), an Allen M. Sumner-class destroyer, was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for James H. Strong, a naval commander for Union forces during the American Civil War. At the Battle of Mobile Bay, he was the first to ram the Confederate ironclad Tennessee and received high commendation for his initiative and valor.

CSS Tennessee
Three ships in the Confederate States Navy were named CSS Tennessee

CSS Tennessee (1861) was a steamship, built in 1853 and seized by the Confederate States in 1861; she was recaptured by the Union in the Battle of New Orleans and commissioned into the United States Navy as USS Tennessee (1853); she was later renamed USS Mobile when the ironclad CSS Tennessee (1863) was captured in 1864

CSS Tennessee (1862) was burned at the stocks prior to completion

CSS Tennessee (1863) was an ironclad launched in 1863, commissioned in 1864 and was captured at the Battle of Mobile Bay, and renamed USS Tennessee (1863)
Recordia
Recordia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Verbenaceae.

It is native to Bolivia and southern Brazil.

The genus name of Recordia is in honour of Samuel J. Record (1881–1945), an American botanist who played a prominent role in the study of trees and wood. 
It was first described and published in Phytologia Vol.1 on page 99 in 1934.

Known species, according to Kew:

Recordia boliviana Moldenke

Recordia reitzii (Moldenke) Thode & O'Leary

Phytologia
Phytologia is an open-access journal to expedite plant systematics, phytogeographical and ecological publication, focused on North America. Its mode of subscription is by sending e-mail to the editor. It has been available online since 2013.

It is edited by Robert P. Adams and others.
Derby (1949 film)
Derby is a 1949 West German sports film directed by Roger von Norman and starring Hannelore Schroth, Willy Fritsch, and Heinz Engelmann.

It was made by Real Film at the Wandsbek Studios in Hamburg with location filming on the Altes Land. The film's sets were designed by Mathias Matthies.

Sports film
A sports film is a film genre in which any particular sport plays a prominent role in the film's plot or acts as its central theme. It is a production in which a sport or a sports-related topic is prominently featured or is a focus of the plot. Despite this, sport is ultimately rarely the central concern of such films and sport performs primarily an allegorical role. Furthermore, sports fans are not necessarily the target demographic in such movies, but sports fans tend to maintain a high following and esteem for such movies.
Peach Spring Tuff
The Peach Spring Tuff is a pyroclastic flow sheet deposit spanning  32,000 km2 in California, Arizona, and Nevada. The source of the Peach Spring Tuff is the Silver Creek Caldera located outside of Oatman, AZ. The Silver Creek Caldera was found to be a match to the Peach Spring Tuff after an ignimbrite sample from within the caldera matched the phenocryst makeup and age of the Peach Spring Tuff. The caldera eruption is dated to the early Miocene, radiometrically dated to 18.78 +/- 0.02 Ma using argon-argon dating methods on sanidine crystals. The Peach Spring Tuff has a rhyolitic composition with thickness ranging from 10-140 m depending on location. The Peach Spring Tuff is the only geologic evidence of a super-eruption in this region.

Rhyolite
Rhyolite (/ˈraɪ.əlaɪt/ RY-ə-lyte) is the most silica-rich of volcanic rocks. It is generally glassy or fine-grained (aphanitic) in texture, but may be porphyritic, containing larger mineral crystals (phenocrysts) in an otherwise fine-grained groundmass. The mineral assemblage is predominantly quartz, sanidine, and plagioclase. It is the extrusive equivalent of granite.

Its high silica content makes rhyolitic magma extremely viscous. This favors explosive eruptions over effusive eruptions, so this type of magma is more often erupted as pyroclastic rock than as lava flows. Rhyolitic ash-flow tuffs are among the most voluminous of continental igneous rock formations.

Rhyolitic tuff has been used extensively for construction. Obsidian, which is rhyolitic volcanic glass, has been used for tools from prehistoric times to the present day because it can be shaped to an extremely sharp edge. Rhyolitic pumice finds use as an abrasive, in concrete, and as a soil amendment.
Yantanglestes
Yantanglestes is a genus of small, Chinese mesonychid with slender jaws that first appeared during the Early Paleocene in the Thanetian stage. It was found throughout Asia. It is the oldest known mesonychid. Yantanglestes became extinct during the Nongshanian division of the Late Paleocene, and lived sympatrically with its descendant genera, including Dissacus, Sinonyx and Jiangxia.

Sympatry
In biology, two closely related species or populations are considered sympatric when they exist in the same geographic area and thus frequently encounter each other. An initially interbreeding population that splits into two or more distinct species sharing a common range exemplifies sympatric speciation. Such speciation may be a product of reproductive isolation – which prevents hybrid offspring from being viable or able to reproduce, thereby reducing gene flow – that results in genetic divergence. Sympatric speciation may, but need not, arise through secondary contact, which refers to speciation or divergence in allopatry followed by range expansions leading to an area of sympatry. Sympatric species or taxa in secondary contact may or may not interbreed.
Veljul Negreștilor
The Veljul Negreștilor is a left tributary of the river Velju Mare in Romania. It flows into the Velju Mare near Mădăras. Near Homorog much of its flow is diverted by the Criș Collector Canal towards the Crișul Negru near Tămașda.

Avram Iancu, Bihor
Avram Iancu (until 1932 Chemenfoc, from 1932 to 1950 Regina Maria; German: Kemmen; Hungarian: Keményfok) is a commune in Bihor County, in Crișana, Romania. The commune is composed of three villages: Ant (Ant), Avram Iancu and Tămașda (Tamáshida). The majority of the population (96%) in Avram Iancu village is Romanian. Overall, the commune is 74.7% Romanian, 15.6% Roma, and 9.6% Hungarian. The architecture of the commune is typical for a Romanian field village: the main street traverses the village, houses being equally distributed along it.
Adamasta Rock
Adamasta Rock (Chinese: 北長洲石; lit. 'north Cheung Chau rock') is an uninhabited undersea rock in Hong Kong, in the centre of the busy Adamasta Channel between the Chi Ma Wan Peninsula of Lantau Island and Cheung Chau island, in Hong Kong. It falls within the Islands District.

The rock is underwater during high tide and poses a major shipping risk because of its position in the center of the Adamasta shipping route. The Hong Kong Marine Department has set up a permanent beacon (isolated danger) on the rock and placed two cardinal buoys on each side to alert vessels.

On Sunday, 8 May 2011, the river trader "Zhong Fu Fa Zhan" grounded on the rock.

Isolated danger mark
An Isolated Danger Mark, as defined by the International Association of Lighthouse Authorities, is a sea mark used in maritime pilotage to indicate a hazard to shipping such as a partially submerged rock.

Isolated danger marks are recognisable by the following characteristics:

Generally a pillar or spar shape, but could alternatively be any other shape as long as the shape is different from those used for lateral marks.

Coloured black with one or more broad horizontal red bands.

Always having a topmark attached which is two black spheres stacked vertically.

If a light is fitted, it is white in colour and has a light characteristic of group flashing 2 (abbreviated as "Fl(2) W"). Two flashes of white light in succession are followed by a longer duration of darkness.
Henry G. Bieler
Henry G. Bieler (April 2, 1893 – October 11, 1975) was an American physician and germ theory denialist, best known for his book Food is Your Best Medicine, which advocated the treatment of disease with foods. He is widely recognized as a pioneer in alternative medicine who used non-pharmaceutical, diet-based therapies to treat his patients. Bieler opposed the use of any drugs, including aspirin.

Bieler argued there was only one disease called "toxemia" which he blamed for all human ills. He believed that when people stopped poisoning themselves with high-calorie foods, the body would heal itself. Bieler rejected the germ theory of disease and his ideas were rejected by medical experts as quackery.

Germ theory denialism
Germ theory denialism is the pseudoscientific belief that germs are not the main cause of infectious disease, and that the germ theory of disease does not take into account internal and external factors such as those described in traditional Chinese medicine. It usually involves arguing that Louis Pasteur's model of infectious disease is illogical, and that Antoine Béchamp's theory of disease has more logical merit. In fact, its origins are rooted in Béchamp's theory of pleomorphism. One main, yet discarded, variation is known as terrain theory which postulates that germs morphologically change in response to environmental factors, subsequently causing disease, rather than germs being the sole cause of it.
HD 77191
HD 77191 is a spectroscopic binary composed of a Sun-like variable star and a probable red dwarf, located in the zodiac constellation of Cancer. It has the variable-star designation HL Cancri (abbreviated to HL Cnc). With an apparent magnitude of 8.88, it is too faint to be seen by the naked eye but observable using binoculars as a yellow-hued dot of light. It is located at a distance of 198.5 light-years (60.9 parsecs) according to Gaia EDR3 parallax measurements, and is receding from the Sun at a heliocentric radial velocity of 7.10 km/s.

The star is part of the Castor stream, a moving group of young stars that includes some of the brightest stars in the night sky, such as Castor, Fomalhaut, and Vega.

Binoculars
Binoculars or field glasses are two refracting telescopes mounted side-by-side and aligned to point in the same direction, allowing the viewer to use both eyes (binocular vision) when viewing distant objects. Most binoculars are sized to be held using both hands, although sizes vary widely from opera glasses to large pedestal-mounted military models.

Unlike a (monocular) telescope, binoculars give users a three-dimensional image: each eyepiece presents a slightly different image to each of the viewer's eyes and the parallax allows the visual cortex to generate an impression of depth.
Jasionna, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Jasionna [jaˈɕɔnna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jędrzejów, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) east of Jędrzejów and 33 km (21 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Jędrzejów County
Jędrzejów County (Polish: powiat jędrzejowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Jędrzejów, which lies 36 kilometres (22 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Sędziszów, lying 18 km (11 mi) west of Jędrzejów, and Małogoszcz, 21 km (13 mi) north of Jędrzejów.

The county covers an area of 1,257.17 square kilometres (485.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 84,049, out of which the population of Jędrzejów is 15,076, that of Sędziszów is 6,451, that of Małogoszcz is 3,748, and the rural population is 58,774.
All-Ireland Senior Club Camogie Championship 1983
The 1983 All-Ireland Senior Club Camogie Championship for the leading clubs in the women's team field sport of camogie was won by Buffers Alley from Wexford, who defeated Glenamaddy from Galway in the final, played at Monamolin . It was the third in a record sequence of four in a row won by the club.

Camogie
Camogie (/kəˈmoʊɡi/ ⓘ kə-MOH-ghee; Irish: camógaíocht [kəˈmˠoːɡiːxt̪ˠ]) is an Irish stick-and-ball team sport played by women. It is played by 100,000 women in Ireland and worldwide, largely among Irish communities.

A variant of the game hurling (which is played by men only), it is organised by the Dublin-based Camogie Association (An Cumann Camógaíochta). The annual All Ireland Camogie Championship has a record attendance of 33,154, while average attendances in recent years are in the range of 15,000 to 18,000. The final is broadcast live, with a television audience of over 300,000.

UNESCO lists Camogie as an element of Intangible Cultural Heritage. The game is referred to in Waiting for Godot by Irish playwright Samuel Beckett and in 'Fair Play' a detective novel by Irish author Louise Hegarty.