hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anglo-Austrian Alliance
The Anglo-Austrian Alliance connected the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Habsburg monarchy during the first half of the 18th century. It was largely the work of the British Whig statesman Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, who considered an alliance with Austria crucial to prevent the further expansion of French power.

It lasted from 1731 to 1756 and formed part of the stately quadrille by which the Great Powers of Europe continually shifted their alliances to try to maintain the balance of power in Europe. Its collapse during the Diplomatic Revolution ultimately led to the Seven Years' War.

France in the early modern period
During the early modern period, from the Renaissance (c. 1500–1550) to the Revolution (1789–1804), the Kingdom of France was a monarchy ruled by the House of Bourbon (a Capetian cadet branch). This corresponds to the so-called Ancien Régime ("old rule"). The territory of France during this period increased until it included essentially the extent of the modern country, and it also included the territories of the first French colonial empire overseas.

The period is dominated by the figure of the "Sun King", Louis XIV (his reign of 1643–1715 being one of the longest in history), who managed to eliminate the remnants of medieval feudalism and established a centralized state under an absolute monarch, a system that would endure until the French Revolution and beyond.
Nanorana parkeri
Nanorana parkeri (common names: High Himalaya frog, Xizang Plateau frog, Parker's slow frog, mountain slow frog) is a species of frogs in the family Dicroglossidae. It is found in Tibet (China) and in Nepal, but it is expected to be found also in Bhutan and parts of India. It is the second amphibian, and the first Neobatrachian, to have its whole genome published.

Dicroglossidae
The frog family Dicroglossidae occurs in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa, with most genera and species being found in Asia. The common name of the family is fork-tongued frogs.

The Dicroglossidae were previously considered to be a subfamily in the family Ranidae, but their position as a family is now well established.
Magdalena Lundblad
Magdalena Lundblad (1753-1786), was a Swedish ballet dancer.

She was regarded as one of the elite members of the Royal Swedish Ballet in 1773-86. Alongside Charlotte Slottsberg, she was one of the first native elite members of the Royal Ballet, which initially mainly employed foreign dancers.  Carl von Fersen referred to Magdalena Lundblad and Charlotte Slottsberg as the only native dancers capable of replacing the ballerina Elisabeth Soligny.

Royal Swedish Ballet
The Royal Swedish Ballet (Swedish: Kungliga Baletten) is one of the oldest ballet companies in Europe. Based in Stockholm, Sweden, King Gustav III founded the ballet in 1773 as a part of his national cultural project in response to the French and Italian dominance in this field; he also founded the Royal Swedish Opera and the Royal Dramatic Theatre. All of these were initially located in the old theatre of Bollhuset. The troupe was founded with the opening of the Royal Swedish Opera, which has served as its home since that time.
Medicago ciliaris
Medicago ciliaris, the ciliate medick, is a plant species of the genus Medicago. It is found throughout the Mediterranean basin. It forms a symbiotic relationship with the bacterium Sinorhizobium medicae, which is capable of nitrogen fixation. It is considered by some to be a subspecies of Medicago intertexta.

Ensifer medicae
Ensifer medicae (also known as Sinorhizobium medicae) is a species of gram-negative, nitrogen-fixing, rod-shaped bacteria. They can be free-living or symbionts of leguminous plants in root nodules. E.medicae was first isolated from root nodules on plants in the genus Medicago. Some strains of E.medicae, like WSM419, are aerobic. They are chemoorganotrophic mesophiles that prefer temperatures around 28 °C.  In addition to their primary genome, these organisms also have three known plasmids, sized 1,570,951 bp, 1,245,408 bp and 219,313 bp.

Colonies of Ensifer medicae are mucoid and ring-shaped and can be viewed here.
Sarah Hollis Andrews
Sarah Hollis Andrews (born Sarah J. A. Hollis) is a former English child actress, best known for playing the role of Mary Lennox in the British television adaptation of Frances Hodgson Burnett's The Secret Garden, and now continuing her career using the name Holly Hamilton.

Child actor
A child actor or child actress is a child acting on stage, television or in movies. An adult who began their acting career as a child may also be called a child actor or a "former child actor". Closely associated terms include teenage actor or teen actor, which refer to an actor who gained popularity as a teenager.

Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults, mainly due to typecasting. Macaulay Culkin and Lindsay Lohan are two particularly famous child actors who eventually experienced much difficulty with the fame they acquired at an early age. Some child actors have successful acting careers as adults; for example Mickey Rooney, Elizabeth Taylor, Jodie Foster, Christian Bale, Drew Barrymore, Saoirse Ronan. Other child actors have gone on to successful careers in other fields, including director Ron Howard, politicians Lech and Jarosław Kaczyński, James Jebbia, and singer Jenny Lewis.
Oatsurae Jirokichi Koshi
Oatsurae Jirokichi Koshi (御誂治郎吉格子, Jirokichi the Rat) is a 1931 black and white Japanese silent film with benshi accompaniment directed by Daisuke Itō. It is the only completely preserved silent film directed by Ito and relates the life of legendary thief Jirokichi the Rat, in an original story and through the revolutionary use of dynamic intertitles.

Intertitle
In films and videos, an intertitle, also known as a title card, is a piece of filmed, printed text edited into the midst of (hence, inter-) the photographed action at various points. Intertitles used to convey character dialogue are referred to as "dialogue intertitles", and those used to provide related descriptive/narrative material are referred to as "expository intertitles". In modern usage, the terms refer to similar text and logo material inserted at or near the start or end of films and television shows.
Extraordinary (Liz Phair song)
"Extraordinary" is a song by American singer-songwriter Liz Phair from her self-titled fourth studio album (2003). It was released to radio as the second single from the album on March 1, 2004, by Capitol Records. The song was written by Phair and the production team the Matrix, which consists of Lauren Christy, Scott Spock, and Graham Edwards. Production on the song was solely helmed by the Matrix. According to Phair, the song is about wanting others to see you for who you are.

Scott Spock
David Scott Alspach, known professionally as Scott Spock, is an American songwriter, record producer and composer.  He is known for being a member of the pop writing and production team The Matrix, who have written and produced many hit singles that have reached #1 worldwide.  Alspach is best known for his songs with Avril Lavigne, Korn, Hilary Duff, Shakira, Jason Mraz, David Bowie, Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, Liz Phair, Busted and Rihanna.
Suvi Koponen
Suvi Maria Riggs (née Koponen; born 26 March 1988) is a Finnish fashion model who rose to fame after winning the 2005 Mallikoulu ("Model School") contest in Finland.

She has worked for numerous designers including Anna Sui, Vera Wang, Marc Jacobs, Donna Karan, Anne Klein, Blumarine, Miu Miu, BCBG Max Azria, Calvin Klein, Louis Vuitton, Nina Ricci and Prada. Koponen has also had an editorial in the French Vogue shot by David Sims. Koponen has also appeared in the American Vogue and made the cover of Vogue Portugal in March 2008.

Anna Sui
Anna Sui (Chinese: 蕭志美; pinyin: Xiāo Zhìměi; born August 4, 1955) is an American fashion designer. Her brand categories include several fashion lines, footwear, cosmetics, fragrances, eyewear, jewelry, accessories and home goods.

Sui was named one of the "Top 5 Fashion Icons of the Decade" for 2000–2010, and in 2009 earned the Geoffrey Beene Lifetime Achievement Award from the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA), joining the ranks of Yves Saint Laurent, Giorgio Armani, Ralph Lauren, and Diane von Furstenberg.
The Mammoth Book of True Crime
The Mammoth Book of True Crime is a two volume anthology  by British author Colin Wilson. It was published by Carroll & Graf Publishers, New York, in 1988.

The first volume is divided alphabetically into sections that reflect the various aspects of crime.

Carroll & Graf Publishers
Carroll & Graf Publishers was an American publishing company based in New York City, New York that published a wide range of fiction and non-fiction by both new and established authors, as well as reprinted previously hard-to-find works. It closed in 2007.
Aavarampoo
Aavarampoo (transl. Avaram senna) is a 1992 Indian Tamil-language teen romance film, directed by Bharathan and produced by Keyaar. A remake of the 1980 Malayalam film Thakara, it stars Vineeth, Nandhini and Nassar. The film was released on 5 June 1992, and Nassar won the Tamil Nadu State Film Special Award for Best Actor.

Senna auriculata
Senna auriculata is a leguminous tree in the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It is commonly known by its local names matura tea tree, avaram or ranawara, (Kannada: ಆವರಿಕೆ āvarike, Marathi: तरवड, Malayalam: ആവര, Sinhala: රණවරා ranawarā,Telugu: తంగేడు taṃgēḍu, Tamil: ஆவாரை āvārai) or the English version avaram senna. It is the State flower of Indian state of Telangana.
It occurs in the dry regions of India and Sri Lanka. It is common along the sea coast and the dry zone in Sri Lanka.
Riccardo Scalet
Riccardo Scalet is an Italian orienteering competitor and medalist in the Junior World Championships. He now lives in Transacqua.

In 2021, Scalet became one of the first Italian orienteers to receive a medal in a World Cup event. In the World Cup Finals, held in Cansiglio in northern Italy, Scalet came third behind Kasper Harlem Fosser and Matthias Kyburz.

Cansiglio
Cansiglio (Venetian: Canséi or Canséjo) is a plateau in the Alpine foothills of northern Italy, divided between the provinces of Belluno, Treviso and Pordenone. Cansiglio is home to a very small language island containing a version of the Cimbrian language.
Queen Elizabeth's Men
Queen Elizabeth's Men was a playing company or troupe of actors in English Renaissance theatre. Formed in 1583 at the express command of Queen Elizabeth, it was the dominant acting company for the rest of the 1580s, as the Admiral's Men and the Lord Chamberlain's Men would be in the decade that followed.

The True Tragedy of Richard III
The True Tragedy of Richard III is an anonymous Elizabethan history play on the subject of Richard III of England. It has attracted the attention of scholars of English Renaissance drama principally for the question of its relationship with William Shakespeare's Richard III.

The title spelling that appears on the cover page of the quarto is The True Tragedie of Richard the third.

The True Tragedy of Richard III should not be confused with The True Tragedy of Richard, Duke of York; the latter is the early alternative version of Shakespeare's Henry VI, Part 3.
A Dram of Poison
A Dram of Poison is a 1956 mystery novel by the American author Charlotte Armstrong. It was first published in New York by Coward-McCann, an imprint of Putnam. The title is a line from William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. It was awarded an Edgar Award by the Mystery Writers of America. Although considered for screen adaptation, no film was ultimately produced.

Mystery Writers of America
The Mystery Writers of America (MWA) is a professional organization of mystery and crime writers, based in New York City.

The organization was founded in 1945 by Clayton Rawson, Anthony Boucher, Lawrence Treat, and Brett Halliday.

It presents the Edgar Award, a small bust of Edgar Allan Poe, to mystery or crime writers every year.  It presents the Raven Award to non-writers who contribute to the mystery genre. The category of Best Juvenile Mystery is also part of the Edgar Award, with such notable recipients as Barbara Brooks Wallace having won the honor twice for The Twin in the Tavern in 1994 and Sparrows in the Scullery in 1998, and Tony Abbott for his novel The Postcard in 2009.

John Dickson Carr, who also served as president of the MWA, won a Grand Master Award in 1949 and 1962.
Serivan Tappeh
Serivan Tappeh (Persian: سريوان تپه, also Romanized as Serīvān Tappeh) is a village in Badranlu Rural District, in the Central District of Bojnord County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 32, in 10 families.

North Khorasan province
North Khorasan province (Persian: استان خراسان شمالی) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in the northeast of the country. Its capital is the city of Bojnord.

North Khorasan is one of the three provinces created after the division of Khorasan in 2004. Khorasan was the largest province of Iran until it was divided into three provinces on 29 September 2004. The provinces approved by the parliament of Iran (on 18 May 2004) and the Council of Guardians (on 29 May 2004) were Razavi Khorasan, North Khorasan, and South Khorasan. In 2014, it was placed in Region 5.
Gregory Tarchaneiotes
Gregory Tarchaneiotes or Trachan[e]iotes (Greek: Γρηγόριος Ταρχανειώτης/Τραχαν[ε]ιώτης, in Latin sources Trachaniota and Trachamoti) was an imperial protospatharios and the long-reigning catepan of Italy from 998 to 1006.

He assumed his office sometime after 1 September 998, in succession to John Ammiropoulos. Soon after, still in the same year, he confirmed the grant of a village to the abbot of Santa Maria del Rifugio in Tricarico. In the first year of his tenure, he captured the town of Gravina, which had risen in revolt, and took its leader, a certain Theophylact, prisoner.

In December 999, and again on February 2, 1002, he reinstituted and confirmed the possessions of the abbey and monks of Monte Cassino in Ascoli. In 1004, he fortified and expanded the castle of Dragonara on the Fortore. He gave it three circular towers and one square one. He also strengthened Lucera.

Lucera
Lucera (Lucerino: Lucére) is an Italian city of 34,243  inhabitants in the province of Foggia in the region of Apulia, and the seat of the Diocese of Lucera-Troia.

Located upon a flat knoll in the Tavoliere Plains, near the foot of Daunian Mountains, Lucera was the capital of Province of Capitanata and the County of Molise from 1579 until 1806.
1983 Harrods bombing
A car bomb exploded outside Harrods department store in central London, England, on 17 December 1983. Members of the Provisional Irish Republican Army planted the time bomb and sent a warning 37 minutes before it exploded, but the area was not evacuated. The blast killed three police officers and three civilians, injured 90 people, and caused much damage. The IRA Army Council said it had not authorised the attack and expressed regret for the civilian casualties. After the bombing, the IRA shifted its emphasis towards attacks on military targets in England.

IRA Army Council
The IRA Army Council was the decision-making body of the Provisional Irish Republican Army, a paramilitary group dedicated to bringing about independence to the whole island of Ireland and the end of the Union between Northern Ireland and Great Britain. The Council had seven members, said by the British and Irish governments to have included Gerry Adams, the former president of Sinn Féin. The Independent Monitoring Commission declared in 2008 that the council was "no longer operational or functional," but that it had not dissolved.
2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 4 – Men's 500 metres
The men's 500 metres races of the 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 4, arranged in Sportforum Hohenschönhausen, in Berlin, Germany, were held on 6 and 8 December 2013.

Michel Mulder of the Netherlands won race one, while Mo Tae-bum of South Korea came second, and Keiichiro Nagashima of Japan came third. William Dutton of Canada won the Division B race.

In race two Mo advanced to the top of the podium, while Joji Kato of Japan took the silver medal, and race one winner Mulder took the bronze. Espen Aarnes Hvammen of Norway won the second Division B race.

Keiichiro Nagashima
Keiichiro Nagashima (長島 圭一郎, Nagashima Keiichirō; born 20 April 1982) is a Japanese long track speed skater specialising in the sprint distances 500 and 1000 metres. Nagashima has won two World Cup races and has three Japanese domestic titles. He is a member of the Nidec Sankyo speed skating team.
Alexander Neumeister
Alexander Neumeister (born 17 December 1941) is a German industrial designer from Berlin. He studied at the Ulm School of Design. He gained recognition for his designs of the ICE and Transrapid for which he received the German Design Award. The brand ICE has 100% recognition in Germany.
He also designed Japanese Shinkansen trains including the 500 Series Shinkansen, the German DMU "Talent" and the "C-Wagen" of the Munich subway.

In 1970, he founded N+P Industrial Design. He left the company in 2012.

Munich U-Bahn
The Munich U-Bahn (U-Bahn München) is an electric rapid transit network in Munich, Germany. The system opened on 19 October 1971, and is operated by the municipally owned Münchner Verkehrsgesellschaft (MVG). It is part of the Münchner Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund (MVV; Munich Transport and Tariff Association) and is interconnected with the Munich S-Bahn.

Together with the S-Bahn, the U-Bahn forms a major component of Munich's local public transport. The network consists of eight lines, serving 96 stations (100 when interchange stations with separate levels are counted twice) and extending over 95 kilometres (59 mi) of track.

In 2024, the system carried 452 million passengers.
Winnipeg Film Group
The Winnipeg Film Group (WFG) is an artist-run film education, production, distribution, and exhibition centre in Winnipeg, Manitoba, committed to promoting the art of Canadian cinema, especially independent cinema.

While specializing in short films, WFG's collection ranges from works one-second shorts to full-length features, with films spanning various genres including narrative drama and comedy, animation, documentary and experimental, as well as hybrids of genres. The organization has been noted for spearheading and playing a key role in the development of a distinctly Winnipeg-based style of filmmaking, which often draws on unconventional, experimental and avant-garde styles of filmmaking — such as Guy Maddin's frequent use of the visual language of old silent films — to tell surreal and anti-authoritarian stories.

As a non-profit organization, its operations are funded by the Canada Council for the Arts, Manitoba Arts Council, and Winnipeg Arts Council.

Film distribution
Film distribution, also called film exhibition or film distribution and exhibition, is the process of making a film available for viewing to an audience. This is normally the task of a professional film distributor, who would determine the marketing and release strategy for the film, the media by which a film is to be exhibited or made available for viewing and other matters. The film may be exhibited directly to the public either through a movie theater, physical media (DVD, Blu-ray), digital download/transactional video on demand (VOD) (sale or rental), subscription VOD (e.g. Amazon Prime Video, Apple TV+, Disney+, Netflix) or television programs through broadcast syndication. For commercial projects, film distribution is usually accompanied by film promotion.
Novoazovsk Raion
Novoazovsk Raion (Ukrainian: Новоазовський район, romanized: Novoazovs'kyi raion; Russian: Новоазовский район, romanized: Novoazovskiy raion) was one of the administrative raions (a district) of Donetsk Oblast in eastern Ukraine. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Donetsk Oblast to eight. However, since 2014 much of the raion was not under control of Ukrainian government and has been part of the Donetsk People's Republic which continues using it as an administrative unit. Its administrative center was located in the city of Novoazovsk, and its southern portion borders the Sea of Azov. The last estimate of the raion population, reported by the Ukrainian government, was 26,952 (2020 est.).

Raions of Ukraine
A raion (Ukrainian: район, romanized: raion; pl. райони, raiony), often translated as district, is the second-level administrative division in Ukraine. Raions were created in a 1922 administrative reform of the Soviet Union, to which Ukraine, as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, belonged.

On 17 July 2020, the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) approved an administrative reform to merge most of the 490 raions, along with the "cities of regional significance", which were previously outside the raions, into just 136 reformed raions. Most tasks of the raions (education, healthcare, sport facilities, culture, and social welfare) were taken over by new hromadas, the subdivisions of raions. The 136 new districts include ten in Crimea, which have been de facto outside Ukrainian control since the start of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014.
Schwanau, Schwyz
Schwanau is an island in Lake Lauerz, located in the canton of Schwyz in Central Switzerland. It is occupied by a ruined castle, the Burgruine Schwanau, a chapel and a restaurant. Administratively the island lies within the municipality of Lauerz, but it is owned by the canton of Schwyz.

The island is situated some 125 m (410.1 ft) off the south shore of the lake, close to the lakeside village of Lauerz. Its highest point is 22 metres (72.2 ft) above normal lake level or 469 metres (1,538.7 ft) above sea level. It is the largest of the two islands in Lake Lauerz (the other being Roggenburg).

The island is accessible by a public passenger ferry from the nearby shore. Access for persons with limited mobility is possible by use of a specially adapted boat and an inclined elevator to the terrace level where the castle, chapel and restaurant are located.

Canton of Schwyz
The canton of Schwyz (German: Kanton Schwyz [ʃviːts] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Sviz; French: Canton de Schwytz; Italian: Canton Svitto) is a canton in central Switzerland between the Alps in the south, Lake Lucerne to the west and Lake Zürich in the north, centred on and named after the town of Schwyz.

It is one of the founding cantons of Switzerland; Switzerland's name is derived from the name of the canton, and the flag of Switzerland from its coat of arms. For the history of the name, see Schwyz. The Swiss Federal Charter is on display in Schwyz. Northeast of the town of Schwyz is Einsiedeln Abbey.
Zaleska Wola, Podkarpackie Voivodeship
Zaleska Wola [zaˈlɛska ˈvɔla] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Radymno, within Jarosław County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland, close to the border with Ukraine.

Jarosław County
Jarosław County (Polish: powiat jarosławski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland, on the border with Ukraine. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Jarosław, which lies 49 kilometres (30 mi) east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The only other towns in the county are Radymno, lying 13 km (8 mi) south-east of Jarosław, and Pruchnik (a town since 2011).

The county covers an area of 1,029.15 square kilometres (397.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population was 120,462, out of which the population of Jarosław was 37,585, that of Radymno was 5,279, that of Pruchnik was 3,764, and the rural population was 73,834.