hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fade Out: The Calamitous Final Days of MGM
Fade Out: The Calamitous Final Days of MGM is a 1990 non-fiction book by Peter Bart which covers the history of MGM since 1969, when it was bought by Kirk Kerkorian. Bart was an executive at MGM in 1983 and 1984. The book focuses on the regimes of James T. Aubrey, Daniel Melnick, David Begelman and Frank Yablans.

The accuracy of the book was criticised by Frank Yablans, Jerry Weintraub and Freddie Fields.

It was a best seller and led to Bart receiving an offer to edit Weekly Variety.

Daniel Melnick
Daniel Melnick (April 21, 1932 – October 13, 2009) was an American film producer. He began his career in Hollywood as a teenager in television and later became the producer of such films as All That Jazz, Altered States and Straw Dogs. Melnick's films won more than 20 Academy Awards out of some 80 nominations.
Curling's ulcer
Curling's ulcer is an acute gastric erosion resulting as a complication from severe burns when reduced plasma volume leads to ischemia and cell necrosis (sloughing) of the gastric mucosa.  The condition was first described in 1823 and named after Thomas Blizard Curling, who observed ten such cases in 1842.

These stress ulcers (actually shallow multiple erosions) were once a common complication of serious burns, presenting in over 10% of cases, and especially common in child burn victims.  They result in perforation and hemorrhage more often than other forms of intestinal ulceration and had correspondingly high mortality rates (at least 80%).

Stress ulcer
A stress ulcer is defined as ulceration in the upper GI tract as a result of hospitalization which can become complicated by upper gastrointestinal bleeding. These ulcers can be caused by shock, sepsis, trauma or other conditions and are found in patients with chronic illnesses. These ulcers are a significant issue in patients in critical and intensive care.

A distinction between peptic and stress ulcers is their location in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Whereas ordinary peptic ulcers are found commonly in the gastric antrum and the duodenum, stress ulcers are usually found in the fundic mucosa and can be located anywhere within the stomach and proximal duodenum. Stress ulcers tend to present with multiple lesions whereas in peptic ulcers this is much more uncommon.
Imehrou
Imehrou (also known as Imihrou) is a village in the commune of Illizi, in Illizi Province, Algeria. The village is the site of a project to introduce solar energy to Algeria, with 33 households connected to 5 solar power systems.

Communes of Algeria
The communes of Algeria (Arabic: بلدية (singular)), also known as municipalities, form the third level of administrative subdivisions of Algeria. As of 2002, there were 1,541 municipalities in the country. The municipalities are also known as communes (baladiyahs).
Polina Kostiukovich
Polina Andreevna Kostiukovich (Russian: Полина Андреевна Костюкович, born 7 March 2003) is a retired Russian pair skater. With her former skating partner, Dmitrii Ialin, she is the 2018 World Junior and the 2018–19 Junior Grand Prix Final silver medalist, and the 2019 World Junior bronze medalist. She is also the 2017 JGP Croatia and the 2018 JGP Austria champion.

2021 Russian Figure Skating Championships
The 2021 Russian Figure Skating Championships (Russian: Чемпионат России по фигурному катанию на коньках 2021) were held from 23 to 27 December 2020 in Chelyabinsk. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance. The results were among the criteria used to select the Russian team for the 2021 World Championships.
Voodoo Cream Liqueur
Voodoo Cream Liqueur is the first Indian cream liqueur, made from fresh Indian cow cream, whisky and other Italian ingredients. The trademark is owned by Nouveau group in collaboration with Flavor Chimca, Italy Voodoo cream liqueur is blended & bottled at Adinco Distillers, Goa, and was first produced in 2009. It has a declared alcohol content of 17% alcohol by volume. Voodoo Cream Liqueur is similar to Bailey's, Amarula, and Carolans.

Alcohol by volume
Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a common measure of the amount of alcohol contained in a given alcoholic beverage. It is defined as the volume the ethanol in the liquid would take if separated from the rest of the solution, divided by the volume of the solution, both at 20 °C (68 °F). Pure ethanol is lighter than water, with a density of 0.78945 g/mL (0.82353 oz/US fl oz; 0.79122 oz/imp fl oz; 0.45633 oz/cu in). The alc/vol standard is used worldwide. The International Organization of Legal Metrology has tables of density of water–ethanol mixtures at different concentrations and temperatures.

In some countries, e.g. France, alcohol by volume is often referred to as degrees Gay-Lussac (after the French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac), although there is a slight difference since the Gay-Lussac convention uses the International Standard Atmosphere value for temperature, 15 °C (59 °F).
Klondike Smith
Armstrong Frederick "Klondike" Smith (January 4, 1887 – November 15, 1959) was an English born Major League Baseball outfielder.  He started the last seven games of the 1912 season for the New York Highlanders, who were 50–102 and finished in last place in the American League.  The 25-year-old rookie was a native of London.

Smith made his major league debut in a September 28 double-header against the Philadelphia Athletics at Shibe Park.  His last appearance was on October 5 in a home game against the Washington Senators at Hilltop Park.  That was the only game the Highlanders won while Smith was in the lineup.

During his brief time in the big leagues he was 5-for-27 (.185) with one double and one stolen base.  In the field he recorded ten putouts and made no errors.

Smith died at the age of 72 of a heart attack while visiting friends in Springfield, Massachusetts. He is buried in Lawrence, Massachusetts.

Rookie
A rookie is a person new to an occupation, profession, or hobby. In sports, a rookie is a professional athlete in their first season (or year).

In contrast with a veteran, who has experience, a rookie is typically considered needing more training and learning, though they may bring a new outside expertise to a job.
Garriana
Garriana was a Roman town of the province of Byzacena during late antiquity. The town has tentatively been identified with the ruins at Henchir-El-Garra in modern Tunisia. The name Henchir-El-Garra simply means the Ruins of Garria.

Ancient Henchir-El-Garra was also the ecclesiastical seat of a Roman Catholic Church episcopal see. The only known bishop of this diocese was Secundus, who took part in the synod in Carthage in 484 called by the Vandal king Huneric, after which Secundus was exiled. Today Garriana survives as a titular bishopric and Edmar José da Silva of Brazil is the current bishop.

Civitas
In Ancient Rome, a civitas (Latin pronunciation: [ˈkiːwɪtaːs]; plural civitates), sometimes translated as "city", was the social body of the cives, or citizens, united by their laws, which gave them responsibilities (Latin: munera) on the one hand, and rights on the other. The agreement (concilium) has a life of its own, creating a res publica or "public entity" (synonymous with civitas), into which individuals are born or accepted, and from which they die or are ejected. The civitas is not just the collective body of all the citizens; it is the contract binding them all together, because each of them is a civis.
Lars-Göran Lönnermark
Lars-Göran Lönnermark, born 26 August 1939, is a Swedish bishop emeritus.

Lönnermark studied at Michigan State University in 1958–1959 through the international exchange program, where he became a member of Delta Upsilon fraternity. After returning to Sweden, he studied theology and was ordained as a pastor in the Evangelical Lutheran Church (Church of Sweden) in 1964.

He was bishop of Skara between 1989 and 2004. In 1988, he was named as high predicate of the congregation in Stockholm, and on 1 April 2007 as head predicate. Lars-Göran Lönnermark took over from head predicate Henrik Svenungsson, bishop emeritus of Stockholm.

Lönnermark took part in the wedding of Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden, and Daniel Westling on 19 June 2010.

Wedding of Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden, and Daniel Westling
The wedding of Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden, and Daniel Westling took place on 19 June 2010 in Stockholm Cathedral. It had been described as "Europe's biggest royal wedding since the Prince of Wales married Lady Diana Spencer in 1981". Westling thereby acquired Victoria's ducal title, becoming a Swedish prince and Duke of Västergötland.
In time for the wedding, a joint monogram of their initials was created.
Chamber of Deputies of Iraq
The Chamber of Deputies of Iraq (Majlis an-Nuwwab) was the elected lower house of the bicameral parliament established by the Mandatory Iraq's 1925 constitution. There were initially 87 deputies, who were elected The Chamber of Deputies remained in existence until the 1958 revolution. The number of deputies was later increased to 141.

Constitution of Iraq
The Constitution of the Republic of Iraq (Arabic: دستور جمهورية العراق Kurdish: دەستووری عێراق) is the fundamental law of Iraq. The first constitution came into force in 1925. The current constitution was adopted on 18 September 2005 by the Transitional National Assembly of Iraq, and confirmed by constitutional referendum, held on 15 October 2005. It was published on 28 December 2005 in the Official Gazette of Iraq (No. 4012), in Arabic original, and thus came into force. An official translation into English for international use was produced in cooperation between Iraqi state authorities and the United Nations' Office for Constitutional Support. Since 2006, several proposals for adoption of various constitutional amendments were initiated. The Kurdish language is official at state level.
Khammam Assembly constituency
Khammam Assembly constituency is a constituency of the Telangana Legislative Assembly. It is one of the five constituencies in Khammam district. It includes the city of Khammam and is part of Khammam Lok Sabha constituency.

Thummala Nageswara Rao of Indian National Congress won the seat for the Assembly elections held on 30 November 2023.

Telangana Legislative Assembly
The Telangana Legislative Assembly (ISO: Telangāṇa Śāsana Sabha) is the lower house of the Telangana Legislature. The Legislative Assembly of Telangana currently consists of 119 elected members.

The members of the Vidhana Sabha are directly elected by people through adult franchise. Each constituency elects one member of the assembly. Members are popularly known as M.L.A.s. The assembly is elected using the simple plurality or "first past the post" electoral system. The elections are conducted by the Election Commission of India.
Sandrine Bergès
Sandrine Berges (born 1970) is a French philosopher and novelist, currently Professor of Philosophy at Bilkent University. She is known for her works on feminist philosophy, ethics and political philosophy.

Feminist philosophy
Feminist philosophy is an approach to philosophy from a feminist perspective and also the employment of philosophical methods to feminist topics and questions. Feminist philosophy involves both reinterpreting philosophical texts and methods in order to supplement the feminist movement and attempts to criticise or re-evaluate the ideas of traditional philosophy from within a feminist framework.
Pandivere Upland
Pandivere Upland (or Pandivere Heights, Estonian: Pandivere kõrgustik) is hilly area of higher elevation in Northern Estonia.

It contains the highest point of Northern Estonia: Emumägi (166 m).

The area is named for the village of Pandivere.

Northern Estonia
Northern Estonia (Estonian: Põhja-Eesti) is a geographical region of Estonia, consisting of the three northernmost counties - Harju County, Ida-Viru County and Lääne-Viru County.
The largest towns of Northern Estonia are Tallinn (capital of Estonia), Narva, Kohtla-Järve and Rakvere. Northern Estonia is the most populous area in Estonia, with 60.3% of the population living there.
12th federal electoral district of Chiapas
The 12th federal electoral district of Chiapas (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 12 de Chiapas) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 13 such districts in the state of Chiapas.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the third region.

The 12th district was created in 1996. Between 1979 and 1996, the state had only nine congressional districts; the 1996 redistricting process increased the number to 12. The three new districts elected their first deputies in the 1997 mid-terms.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Rosa Irene Urbina Castañeda of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).

Unión Juárez, Chiapas
Unión Juárez (Mam: TXalajte') is a town and municipality in the Mexican state of Chiapas in southern Mexico. The majority of the population in the municipality is Mam people that preserves the Mam traditions and Mam language.

As of 2010, the municipality had a total population of 14,089, up from 13,934 as of 2005. It covers an area of 268.3 km2.

As of 2010, the town of Unión Juárez had a population of 2,635. Other than the town of Unión Juárez, the municipality had 44 localities, the largest of which (with 2010 populations in parentheses) were: Santo Domingo (3,796), classified as urban, and Once de Abril (1,209), classified as rural.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 288
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 288 (P. Oxy. 288 or P. Oxy. II 288) is a fragment of a Taxation Account, in Greek. It was discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. It was written after 22 July 25. Currently it is housed in the British Library (Department of Manuscripts 798) in London.

Oxyrhynchus
Oxyrhynchus (/ˌɒksɪˈrɪŋkəs/ OK-sih-RINK-əs; Ancient Greek: Ὀξύῤῥυγχος, romanized: Oxýrrhynkhos, lit. 'sharp-nosed', Koine Greek: [okˈsyr̥r̥yŋkʰos]; Ancient Egyptian: pr mꜥḏ; Coptic: ⲡⲉⲙϫⲉ or ⲡⲙ̅ϫⲏ, romanized: Pemdje), also known by its modern name Al-Bahnasa (Arabic: البهنسا, romanized: el-Bahnasa), is a city in Middle Egypt located about 160 km south-southwest of Cairo in Minya Governorate. It is also an important  archaeological site. Since the late 19th century, the area around Oxyrhynchus has been excavated almost continually, yielding an enormous collection of papyrus texts dating from the Ptolemaic Kingdom and Roman Egypt. They also include a few vellum manuscripts, and more recent Arabic manuscripts on paper (for example, the medieval P. Oxy. VI 1006).
Grete Püvi
Grete Ayache  (born 12 March 1982 in Tallinn), born as Grete Püvi, is an Estonian dressage rider. Representing Estonia, she competed at the 2014 World Equestrian Games and at the 2011 European Dressage Championship. She placed 61st place in individual dressage at the 2011 Europeans held in Rotterdam.

She retired her Grand Prix horse, Talent, from the competition in 2016. The horse had been previously ridden by Bernard Bosseaux.

In 2017 she won 3rd place in the FEI World Cup Dressage Central European League Freestyle competition.

2014 FEI World Equestrian Games
The 2014 Alltech FEI World Equestrian Games were held in the region of Normandy, France. It was the seventh edition of the Games, which are held every four years and run by the International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI). For team events in the dressage, eventing, and show jumping disciplines, these Games were the first qualifying event for the 2016 Summer Olympics.
Mandarin vole
The mandarin vole (Lasiopodomys mandarinus) is a species of vole found in central China as well as the southern and central Korean Peninsula.  An adult mandarin vole is typically of about 115 millimetres (4.5 in) in length, in addition to about 28 mm (1.1 in) of tail.  It is smaller and darker in color than the reed vole, Microtus fortis.

Vole
Voles are small rodents that are relatives of lemmings and hamsters, but with a stouter body; a longer, hairy tail; a slightly rounder head; smaller eyes and ears; and differently formed molars (high-crowned with angular cusps instead of low-crowned with rounded cusps). They are sometimes known as meadow mice or field mice.

Vole species form the subfamily Arvicolinae with the lemmings and the muskrats. There are approximately 155 different vole species.
Pais
Pais is a red wine grape that has played a prominent role in the Chilean wine industry. Up until the turn of the 21st century, it was Chile's most planted variety until it was overtaken by Cabernet Sauvignon. Today it is most commonly used in the production of jug wine in the Bío-Bío, Maule and Itata River regions in the south. The grape is sometimes known as Negra Peruana. In Argentina the grape is known as Criolla Chica.

Biobío Region
The Biobío Region (Spanish: Región del Biobío [ˌbi.oˈβi.o]) is one of Chile's sixteen regions (first-order administrative divisions). With a population of 1.5 million, thus being the third most populated region in Chile, it is divided into three provinces: Arauco, Biobío and Concepción. The latter contains its capital and largest city, Concepción, a major city and metro area in the country. Los Ángeles, capital of the Biobío Province, is another important city in the region.
Dihydro-resveratrol
Dihydro-resveratrol is a dihydrostilbenoid found in wine. It is also a metabolite of trans-resveratrol formed in the intestine by the hydrogenation of the double bond by microflora. It is also a non-cannabinoid estrogenic compound found in cannabis.

Hydrogenation
Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum. The process is commonly employed to reduce or saturate organic compounds. Hydrogenation typically constitutes the addition of pairs of hydrogen atoms to a molecule, often an alkene. Catalysts are required for the reaction to be usable; non-catalytic hydrogenation takes place only at very high temperatures. Hydrogenation reduces double and triple bonds in hydrocarbons.
Maspujols
Maspujols (Catalan pronunciation: [ˌmaspujˈʒɔls]) is a municipality in the comarca of Baix Camp, in the province of Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain. It has a population of 915 (register office, 2025) .

This town is first mentioned in medieval documents in the year 1172 under King Alfons II of Aragon.

Comarques of Catalonia
The comarques of Catalonia (singular comarca, Eastern Catalan: [kuˈmarkə], Western Catalan: [koˈmaɾka]), often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia. Each comarca comprises a number of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the United States. Currently, Catalonia is divided into 42 comarques and Aran, considered a "unique territorial entity" and not a comarca.

Each comarca has a representative county council (Catalan: consell comarcal), except for Barcelonès, which abolished it in 2019, and Aran, which instead has the Conselh Generau d'Aran.

Comarques form the second-level administrative division within Catalonia, being a subdivision of vegueries (or provinces at state level).
2021–22 Gibraltar Intermediate League
The 2021–22 Gibraltar Intermediate League is the fourth season of under-23 football in Gibraltar, after reforms to reserve team football in June 2018. The league will be contested by 12 teams - the eleven under-23 sides of the Gibraltar National League clubs plus Hound Dogs, and is set to begin on 18 October 2021. There are no reigning champions due to the previous season's abandonment.

Gibraltar Intermediate League
The Gibraltar Intermediate League is a semi-professional football league administered by the Gibraltar Football Association, launched in June 2018 as a replacement for the Gibraltar Reserves Division and the Under 18 Division in an effort to improve the standards of young Gibraltarian footballers.
Whangapē Harbour
Whangapē Harbour is a harbour on the west coast of Northland, New Zealand. There is a settlement called Whangapē on the northern side of the harbour. Another, called Pawarenga, is located on the southern side. Kaitaia is 42 km north east.

The harbour is a narrow valley from the confluence of the Awaroa and Rotokakahi Rivers through hills to the Tasman Sea. The harbour entrance is treacherous. The Herekino Harbour and settlement are a few kilometres to the north, and the Hokianga is to the south and east.

Northland Region
Northland (Māori: Te Tai Tokerau), officially the Northland Region, is the northernmost of New Zealand's 16 local government regions. The region is known for its warm weather. The major population centre is the city of Whangārei, and the largest town is Kerikeri. At the 2018 New Zealand census, Northland recorded a population growth spurt of 18.1% since the previous 2013 census, placing it as the fastest growing region in New Zealand, ahead of other strong growth regions such as the Bay of Plenty Region (2nd with 15%) and Waikato (3rd with 13.5%).
Ballroom Blitz – Live at the Lyceum
Ballroom Blitz – Live at the Lyceum is a live album by the Damned, documenting their tour in support of the Friday 13th EP. It was recorded at the London Lyceum on 12 July 1981. It was released in June 1992 by Receiver Records Limited.

Friday 13th (EP)
Friday 13th EP is a four-track EP by English rock band the Damned, issued as the result of a one-off deal with the NEMS Records label. It was released on 13 November 1981, which fell on a Friday.

The EP was released in the UK and Sweden on 7" vinyl, and also in Germany on 12" vinyl. In 1981, EPs were still eligible for the UK Top 75 Singles chart, and Friday 13th reached No. 50.

The lead-off track, "Disco Man", was featured on many compilations, also becoming a live favourite. Two of the other three tracks, "Billy Bad Breaks" and "Limit Club", were composed by the band; the final track was a cover version of The Rolling Stones song "Citadel". "Limit Club" was a tribute to the late Malcolm Owen of The Ruts.
Bernd Rohr
Bernd Rohr (13 November 1937 – 5 December 2022) was a German racing cyclist. He notably won the amateur team pursuit at the 1962 UCI Track Cycling World Championships alongside Ehrenfried Rudolph, Klaus May, and Lothar Claesges.

1962 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 1962 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were the World Championship for track cycling. They took place in Milan, Italy from 24 to 28 August 1962. Nine events were contested, 7 for men (3 for professionals, 4 for amateurs) and 2 for women.

In the same period, the 1962 UCI Road World Championships were organized in Salò, Italy.