hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bulgarism
Bulgarism is an ideology aimed at the "revival of Bulgars' national identity" and Volga Bulgaria statehood. It originated in the second half of 19th century within the Wäisi movement and the Society for the study of the native land (Chuvashia). It was revived at the end of the 20th century as "neobulgarism" in Tatarstan, Bashkortoston and Chuvashia.

The ideology is based on the theory that Volga Tatars, Bashkirs and Chuvash descend from Volga Bulgars.  The theory was supported by the Soviet authorities in mid-20th century as an alternative to the "reactionary" theory claiming the Golden Horde descent.

In the 21st century, the ideas of Bulgarism have been revived through the activities of Neo-Bulgarists.

Chuvashia
Chuvashia, officially known as Chuvash Republic — Chuvashia, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is the homeland of the Chuvash people. The republic's capital city is the city of Cheboksary. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,251,619.
George Henry Martin Johnson
George Henry Martin Johnson or Onwanonsyshon (October 7, 1816 – February 19, 1884) was a member of the Wolf clan and selected as a hereditary chief of the Mohawk of the Six Nations in Canada; he also served as an official interpreter and informal diplomat between the Mohawk and Canadian governments. His home of Chiefswood, built in 1856 on the Grand River, has been designated and preserved as a National Historic Site; it is the only First Nations mansion from the pre-Canadian Confederation era.

Matrilineality
Matrilineality, at times called matriliny, is the tracing of kinship through the female line. It may also correlate with a social system in which people identify with their matriline, their mother's lineage, and which can involve the inheritance of property and titles. A matriline is a line of descent where a person inherits his or her mother's lineage. In a matrilineal descent system, individuals  belong to the same descent group as their mothers. The matriline of historical nobility was also called their enatic or uterine ancestry, in contrast to the patrilineal or "agnatic" ancestry. The matriline is also sometimes referred to as the "distaff" side or "spindle" side.
Marquess of Halifax
The title Marquess of Halifax was created in the Peerage of England in 1682 for the George Savile, 1st Earl of Halifax.

He had previously been created Baron Savile, of Elland in the County of York, Viscount Halifax in 1668, and Earl of Halifax in 1679, all also in the Peerage of England. The baronetcy, styled "of Thornhill in the County of York", had been created in the Baronetage of England in 1611 for his great-grandfather George Savile. All peerages became extinct on the death of the 2nd Marquess in 1700. The baronetcy was inherited by a kinsman, the 6th Baronet, and became extinct on the death of the 8th Baronet in 1784.

The courtesy title used by the heir apparent to the earldom and marquessate was Lord Elland, taken from the territorial designation of the barony of Savile. The family seat was originally Thornhill Hall, which was destroyed in the English Civil War, after which the seat was transferred to Rufford Abbey.

Thornhill Hall
Thornhill Hall was a medieval manor house and its ruins survive on a moated island in Rectory Park, Thornhill, West Yorkshire, England. The ruins are listed as grade II. and the moat, with the surrounding grounds, is a scheduled monument.

Excavations carried out between 1964 and 1972 proved that there had been two halls on the island, a 13th-century building with clay-bonded foundation walls, and a later stone H-plan building from about 1450. The later building showed signs of renovation in the 16th century, when a paved floor, plaster walls and a chimney were added.
Institute for Scientific Interchange
The Institute for Scientific Interchange (Italian: Istituto per l'Interscambio Scientifico, ISI Foundation, ISI) is an independent, resident-based research institute located in Turin (Italy, EU).

Its primary objective is scientific research and advanced training in the fields of data science, complex systems, and the applications of data and computational models for social impact and public health.

Fondazione CRT
Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Torino (Fondazione CRT) is a charity organization formed in 1991 by the spin off of the bank activities Cassa di Risparmio di Torino into Banca CRT S.p.A. (a limited company), with the original statutory corporation became Fondazione CRT. The foundation was the major shareholders of Banca CRT S.p.A..
Short-track speed skating at the 2026 Winter Olympics – Men's 5000 metre relay
The men's 5000 metre relay competition in short-track speed skating at the 2026 Winter Olympics was held on 16 (semifinals) and 20 February 2026 (finals) at the Forum di Milano in Milan. The Netherlands, represented by Jens van 't Wout, Teun Boer, Friso Emons, and Melle van 't Wout, won the event. South Korea were second and Italy third.

Jens van 't Wout
Jens van 't Wout (born 6 October 2001) is a Dutch short track speed skater. He became a three time Olympic champion and also won a bronze medal at the 2026 Winter Olympics. He set an Olympic Record with the Dutch team in the Mixed 2000 metre relay at the 2022 Winter Olympics.
Cloonchambers Bog
The Cloonchambers (Irish: Portach Chluain Sheamhair) Special Area of Conservation (or SAC) is a Natura 2000 site based close to the town of Castlerea in County Roscommon, Ireland. The qualifying interests by which it is protected as an SAC are the presence of three habitat types: the presence of active raised bogs (priority habitat), the presence of degraded raised bogs still capable of natural regeneration, and the presence of depressions on peat substrates of Rhynchosporion vegetation.

National Parks and Wildlife Service (Ireland)
The National Parks and Wildlife Service (Irish: An tSeirbhís Páirceanna Náisiúnta agus Fiadhúlra) manages the Irish State's nature conservation responsibilities. As well as managing the national parks, the activities of the NPWS include the designation and protection of Natural Heritage Areas, Special Areas of Conservation and Special Protection Areas.
1915 Grampians by-election
A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Grampians on 20 February 1915. This was triggered by the death of Labor MP Edward Jolley.

The by-election was won by Liberal candidate Carty Salmon, who had previously served as member for Laanecoorie from 1901 to 1913 and as Speaker from 1909 to 1910.

Division of Laanecoorie
The Division of Laanecoorie was an Australian electoral division in the state of Victoria. It was located in the centre of the state, covering the towns of Creswick, Maldon and Maryborough, and later Castlemaine and Daylesford. It was named after the town of Laanecoorie.

The division was proclaimed in 1900, and was one of the original 65 divisions to be contested at the first federal election. It gained Castlemaine in 1906 from the abolished Division of Corinella. The division of Laanecoorie was abolished at the redistribution of 1 February 1913, replaced by parts of Division of Bendigo (Maldon and Castlemaine) and Division of Grampians (remainder of Laanecoorie).

Throughout its 13 years of existence, it was held by one member, Carty Salmon, who was the second Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives from 1909 to 1910.
2021 French regional elections
Regional elections were held in France on 20 June and 27 June 2021. At stake were the regional councils in metropolitan and overseas France including the Corsican Assembly, Assembly of French Guiana and Assembly of Martinique, all for a six-year term. The Departmental Council of Mayotte, which also exercises the powers of a region, also participated in this election, because the departmental elections were held at the same time. Eighteen regional presidencies were at stake, with thirteen in mainland France and Corsica, as well as five overseas. Though they do not have legislative autonomy, these territorial collectivities manage sizable budgets. Moreover, regional elections are often perceived as a mid-term opinion poll. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the regional and departmental elections were postponed, first to 13 and 20 June 2021 and then to 20 and 27 June 2021.

Miscellaneous right
Miscellaneous right (Divers droite, DVD) in France refers to centre-right or right-wing candidates who are not members of any large party.  This can include members of small right-wing parties, dissidents expelled from their party for running against their party's candidate, or candidates who were never formal members of a party.  Numerous divers droite candidates are elected at both local and national levels.
Bülach fibula
The Bülach fibula is a silver disk-type fibula with almandine inlay found in Bülach, Canton Zürich in 1927. The Alemannic grave in which it was found (no. 249) dates to the 6th century and contained the remains of an adult woman.

The fibula, dated by most recent commentators to the latter half of the 6th or early 7th century, bears an Elder Futhark runic inscription, the only one found in Switzerland to date. A 1927 photograph of the grave shows that the fibula, along with an iron ring and two small beads, was worn by the deceased as an amulet or talisman.

Canton of Zurich
The canton of Zurich is an administrative unit (canton) of Switzerland, situated in the northeastern part of the country. With a population of 1,553,423 (as of 31 December 2020), it is the most populous canton of Switzerland. Zurich is the de facto capital of the canton, but is not specifically mentioned in the constitution. The official language is German. The local Swiss German dialect, called Züritüütsch, is commonly spoken.

The canton has the highest Human Development Index score (0.993) out of 1,790 subnational regions as of 2022. It is also a global financial center and has the fourth-highest GRP in Switzerland behind Basel-Stadt, Zug and Geneva by GDP per capita.
Yokohama Rosai Hospital
Yokohama Rosai Hospital (横浜労災病院, Yokohama Rōsai Byōin) is a hospital in the Kōhoku ward of Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.  It is adjacent to Nissan Stadium and is accessible on foot from Shin-Yokohama Station.

As one of the hospitals owned and operated by the Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety (JOHAS), an independent administrative institution, it is classified as a workplace accident and illness hospital (rōsai byōin). The hospital also functions as a general hospital for members of the public and includes a 24-hour emergency and critical care center.

Opened in June 1991, the hospital serves as a teaching hospital affiliated with Yokohama City University, University of Tokyo, and Chiba University. It is designated by the City of Yokohama as one of the city's disaster base hospitals during times of natural disaster.

Kōhoku-ku, Yokohama
Kōhoku-ku (港北区) is one of the 18 wards of the city of Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of March 1, 2012, the ward had an estimated population of 332,488, with 156,198 households and a population density of 10,588.79 persons per km2. The total area was 31.40 km2. Kōhoku Ward has the largest population of Yokohama's 18 wards, and ranks second to Naka Ward in the total number of workplaces.
Catocala fulminea
Catocala fulminea, the yellow bands underwing, is a moth of the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in his 1763 Entomologia Carniolica. It is found in central and southern Europe, east Asia and Siberia. The xarippe lineage has been proposed to be a distinct and valid species in its own right, instead of being only subspecifically distinct.

The wingspan is 44–52 mm.

The larvae feed on Prunus, Crataegus, pears, and oaks.

Pear
Pears are fruits produced and consumed around the world, growing on a tree and are harvested in late summer into mid-autumn. The pear tree and shrub are a species of genus Pyrus /ˈpaɪrəs/, in the family Rosaceae, bearing the pomaceous fruit of the same name. Several species of pears are valued for their edible fruit and juices, while others are cultivated as trees.

The tree is medium-sized and native to coastal and mildly temperate regions of Europe, North Africa, and Asia. Pear wood is one of the preferred materials in the manufacture of high-quality woodwind instruments and furniture.

About 3,000 known varieties of pears are grown worldwide, which vary in both shape and taste. The fruit is consumed fresh, canned, as juice, dried, or fermented as perry.
Margaret Norvell
Margaret Norvell (February 11, 1860 – July 17, 1934) was a lighthouse keeper, employed by the United States Lighthouse Service, a precursor agency to the United States Coast Guard.
Norvell became a lighthouse keeper in 1891, and remained in that service for 41 years.
Widows whose husbands were lighthouse keepers, who died in office, were allowed to hold positions as lighthouse keepers themselves.
Norvell's husband drowned in the course of his duties.
Norvell was credited with saving many lives, including by venturing out into storms in a rowboat to rescue stranded mariners.

United States Lighthouse Service
The United States Lighthouse Service, also known as the Bureau of Lighthouses, was the agency of the United States government and the general lighthouse authority for the United States from the time of its creation in 1910 as the successor of the United States Lighthouse Board until 1939 when it was merged into the United States Coast Guard. It was responsible for the upkeep and maintenance of all lighthouses and lightvessels in the United States.
American Legion Field (Danville)
American Legion Field is a stadium in Danville, Virginia.  Located in this Southside Virginia city's Dan Daniel Memorial Park, just north of the Dan River, it is primarily used for baseball and is the home field of Danville Otterbots in the Appalachian League, a summer collegiate baseball league. It previously hosted the Danville Braves Minor League Baseball team from 1993 to 2020.  It was built in 1993 and was named for American Legion Memorial Post 325, which serves the city's northern half. It holds 2,588 people, in a V-shaped configuration of several disconnected units running from the first to third base side.

The venue hosted the 2002 American Legion Baseball World Series won by West Point, MS Post 212. It also hosted the 2001 and 2008 Big South Conference baseball tournaments, both won by Coastal Carolina.

Appalachian League
The Appalachian League is a collegiate summer baseball league that operates in the Appalachian regions of Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, and North Carolina. Designed for rising freshmen and sophomores using wooden bats, its season runs from June through August. The league is part of Major League Baseball and USA Baseball's Prospect Development Pipeline.

Between 1911 and 2020, the Appalachian League operated as part of Minor League Baseball and various of its teams were low-level affiliates of Major League Baseball franchises. It operated as a Class D league during four stints through 1962, then was classified as a Rookie Advanced league from 1963 to 2020.
Oxlow Cavern
Oxlow Cavern is a part-natural and part-mined cavern near Castleton in Derbyshire, England. It is situated on the south side of the road running from the A623 at Sparrowpit to the Winnats Pass, west of Castleton, and is almost opposite Giant's Hole on the other side of the road. A few yards from Oxlow Cavern is the connecting Maskill Mine.

Sparrowpit
Sparrowpit is a small village between Chapel-en-le-Frith and Peak Forest in the High Peak area of the Peak District, Derbyshire, England.

The name is derived from 'spar row pit' from the fluorspar mines.

The village has an active community, including a methodist chapel and village hall.

It is situated at a crossroads where the main road (A623) takes a right-angled bend at the Wanted Inn. From this junction, one minor road takes a different and hillier route to Chapel-en-le-Frith, and another heads for Mam Tor and Castleton by way of the Winnats Pass.

The watershed between rivers running east into the North Sea and west into the Irish Sea runs almost exactly through the village.
The Gold Robbers
The Gold Robbers is a British thirteen-part crime drama series starring Peter Vaughan, Artro Morris, Richard Leech and Peter Copley; the series was produced by LWT and shown on Friday evenings on ITV between 6 June and 29 August 1969. The series was created and devised by John Hawkesworth, it was inspired by the Great Train Robbery which took place on the early hours of 8 August 1963 when £2.61 million was stolen from a Royal Mail train at a railway bridge in Ledburn, Buckinghamshire. Former CID chief DC Supt. Alfred Butler, who worked on the investigation into the robbery, served as the series' technical advisor.

The series was highly successful for LWT, repeatedly gathering audiences of around 15 million viewers, frequently overtaking the BBC in the ratings. It was later sold to ten countries and nominated for a drama series award at 1969 Television Awards organised by  The Society of Film and Television Arts in 1970.

Sally Thomsett
Sally Thomsett (born 3 April 1950) is an English actress who starred as Phyllis in the film The Railway Children (1970) and played Jo in the TV sitcom Man About the House (1973–1976).  She also appeared as Janice in the film Straw Dogs (1971) and Nemo in Baxter! (1973).
Narayan Prasad Khatiwada
Narayan Prasad Khatiwada is a Nepali communist politician and a member of the House of Representatives of the federal parliament of Nepal. He was elected from Nuwakot-2 constituency, representing CPN UML of the left alliance, by defeating his nearest rival, senior Nepali Congress leader Arjun Narsingh KC, by more than 10,000 votes.

He had previously contested the second constituent assembly election in 2013 from Nuwakot-3 constituency.

2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Nepal on 19 November 2013. The vote was repeatedly delayed, having previously been planned for 22 November 2012 following the dissolution of the 1st Constituent Assembly on 27 May 2012, but it was put off by the election commission. The Nepali Congress emerged as the largest party in the 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly, winning 196 of the 575 elected seats.
Hypotaurine dehydrogenase
In enzymology, a hypotaurine dehydrogenase (EC 1.8.1.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

hypotaurine + H2O + NAD+  taurine + NADH + H+

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are hypotaurine, H2O, and NAD+, whereas its 3 products are taurine, NADH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on a sulfur group of donors with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is hypotaurine:NAD+ oxidoreductase. This enzyme participates in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism.  It has 2 cofactors: heme,  and Molybdenum.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Mörsdorf
Mörsdorf is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kastellaun.

Kastellaun (Verbandsgemeinde)
Kastellaun is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the Rhein-Hunsrück district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Its seat is in Kastellaun. On 1 July 2014 it was expanded with 3 municipalities from the former Verbandsgemeinde Treis-Karden.

The Verbandsgemeinde Kastellaun consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):

50°04′08″N 7°26′35″E﻿ / ﻿50.069°N 7.443°E﻿ / 50.069; 7.443
Stone Poneys
Stone Poneys (also the Stone Poneys, Linda Ronstadt and the Stone Poneys, and the Stone Poneys with Linda Ronstadt) were a folk rock trio formed in Los Angeles, consisting of Linda Ronstadt on vocals, Bobby Kimmel on rhythm guitar and vocals, and Kenny Edwards on lead guitar. The group featured Ronstadt showcasing an eclectic mix of songs, often from under-appreciated songwriters, requiring a wide array of backing musicians. Their recordings include Ronstadt's first hit song, a cover of Mike Nesmith's "Different Drum", recorded without the other members of the group. 
The band released three albums: The Stone Poneys; Evergreen, Volume 2; and Linda Ronstadt, Stone Poneys and Friends, Vol. III. The three albums were reissued in CD format in the 1990s in the US. The first two albums were reissued in Australia in 2008.

Mike Curb
Michael Charles Curb (born December 24, 1944) is an American politician, record executive, and philanthropist who served as the 42nd lieutenant governor of California from 1979 to 1983. He is the founder of Curb Records and is the chairman of Word Entertainment. He was inducted into the West Coast Stock Car Hall of Fame in 2006. A member of the Republican Party, Curb is the most recent Republican to have been elected lieutenant governor of California as of 2025.
Matusz
Matusz is a surname commonly used in Poland, derived from the given name Mateusz (Matthew). Notable people with the surname include:

Brian Matusz (1987–2025), American baseball pitcher

Izabela Matusz (born 1974), Polish diplomat

Brian Matusz
Brian Robert Matusz (/ˈmætəs/ MAT-əs; February 11, 1987 – January 6, 2025) was an American professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles and the Chicago Cubs from 2009 to 2016.
Ustou
Ustou (French pronunciation: [ystu]; Occitan: Uston) is a commune in the Ariège department in southwestern France.

The commune of Ustou comprises several villages: Saint-Lizier, Le Trein, Sérac; and numerous hamlets, including: Escots, Bieille, Rouze.

Ariège (department)
Ariège (French pronunciation: [aʁjɛʒ] ⓘ; Occitan: Arièja [aɾiˈɛdʒɔ]) is a department in southwestern France, located in the region of Occitanie. It is named after the river Ariège and its capital is Foix. Ariège is known for its rural landscape, with a population of 153,287 as of 2019. Its INSEE and postal code is 09. The inhabitants of the department are known as Ariègeois or Ariègeoises.
Wandsworth railway station
Wandsworth railway station can refer to any of the following:

Wandsworth Town railway station, serves Wandsworth Town Centre and Southside shopping centre

Wandsworth Common railway station, serves Wandsworth Common

Wandsworth Road railway station, in Clapham

New Wandsworth railway station, closed station in Clapham

Wandsworth Town railway station
Wandsworth Town railway station is in the London Borough of Wandsworth, in south London, in London fare zone 2. It is 4 miles 60 chains (7.6 km) down the line from London Waterloo.

The station and all trains serving it are operated by South Western Railway.
Blitch
Blitch is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Iris Faircloth Blitch (1912–1993), American politician

J. S. Blitch, appointed warden of Florida State Prison in 1919

Newton Amos Blitch (1844–1921), American politician

Peg Blitch (1934–2021), American politician

Iris Faircloth Blitch
Iris Faircloth Blitch (April 25, 1912 – August 19, 1993) was a United States representative from Georgia. She was the fourth woman to represent Georgia in the Congress, and the first to win a regularly scheduled general election. Blitch was a vocal advocate both for women's rights and racial segregation.