hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Convulsionnaires of Saint-Médard
The Convulsionnaires (or Convulsionaries) of Saint-Médard was a group of 18th-century French religious pilgrims who exhibited convulsions and later constituted a religious sect and a political movement. This practice originated at the tomb of François de Pâris, an ascetic Jansenist deacon who was buried at the cemetery of the parish of Saint-Médard in Paris. The convulsionnaires were associated with the Jansenist movement, which became more politically active after the papal bull Unigenitus officially banned the sect.

The connection between the larger French Jansenist movement and the smaller, more radical convulsionnaire phenomenon is difficult to state with precision. As historian Brian E. Strayer has noted, almost all of the convulsionnaires were Jansenists, but very few Jansenists embraced the convulsionnaire phenomenon.

Parlement of Paris
The Parlement of Paris (French: Parlement de Paris) was the oldest parlement in the Kingdom of France, formed in the 14th century. Parlements were judicial, rather than legislative, bodies and were composed of magistrates. Though not representative bodies in the present sense of the word, they had procedures and authorities that could delay the otherwise unchecked power of the King. Because of its location and history, the Parlement of Paris was the most significant. 
The Parlement of Paris was established under Philip IV of France in 1302. The Parlement of Paris would hold sessions inside the medieval royal palace on the Île de la Cité, which today is the site of the Paris Hall of Justice.
Sohamhung station
Sŏhamhŭng station (West Hamhŭng station) is a railway station in Sŏngch'ŏngang-guyŏk, Hamhŭng city, South Hamgyŏng province, North Korea, on the Sŏho Line of the Korean State Railway. Locomotive and rolling stock maintenance facilities for the narrow gauge equipment used on the line are located here.

South Hamgyong Province
South Hamgyong Province (Korean: 함경남도, Hamgyŏngnamdo; Korean pronunciation: [ham.ɡjʌŋ.nam.do]) is a province of North Korea.  The province was formed in 1896 from the southern half of the former Hamgyong Province, remained a province of Korea until 1945, then became a province of North Korea. Its capital is Hamhung.
1987 Brazilian Open
The 1987 Brazilian Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Guarujá in Brazil and was part of the Category 1 tier of the 1988 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and was held from 7 December through 13 December 1987. Unseeded Neige Dias won the singles title.

Guarujá
Guarujá (/ɡwɑːrʊˈʒɑː/; Portuguese pronunciation: [ɡwaɾuˈʒa]) is a municipality in the São Paulo state of Brazil. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of the Baixada Santista. The population is 311,116 (2022 preliminary census count) in an area of 143.58 km2 (55.44 sq mi). This place name comes from the Tupi language, and means "narrow path". The population is highly urbanized, forms a 2nd urban core and beachfront island across the river from São Vicente Island, the island (Ilha de Santo Amaro) is coterminous with the municipality, with exception of small offshore isles like Ilha dos Arvoredos.
John Julius Wilnoty
John Julius Wilnoty (April 10, 1940 – June 7, 2016) was a renowned self-taught sculptor of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. Wilnoty carved from wood, bone, and mainly steatite (soapstone). Wilnoty's carvings portray figures from Cherokee oral history. His work has been displayed in many exhibitions; and some works are in the Smithsonian collection. His sons (Fred Wilnoty and the late John Wilnoty Jr.) and grandson (Fred Wilnoty Jr.) also established themselves as carvers.

Soapstone
Soapstone (also known as steatite or soaprock) is a talc-schist, which is a type of metamorphic rock.  It is composed largely of the magnesium-rich mineral talc.  It is produced by dynamothermal metamorphism and metasomatism, which occur in subduction zones, changing rocks by heat and pressure, with influx of fluids but without melting. It has been a carving medium for thousands of years.
Chandrabindu
Chandrabindu (Sanskrit: चन्द्रबिन्दु; IAST: candrabindu, lit. 'moon dot') is a diacritic sign with the form of a dot inside the lower half of a circle. It is used in the Devanagari (ँ), Bengali-Assamese (ঁ), Gujarati (ઁ), Odia (ଁ), Tamil (◌𑌁 Extension used from Grantha), Telugu (ఁ), Kannada (◌ಁ), Malayalam (◌ഁ), Sinhala (◌ඁ), Javanese ( ꦀ) and other scripts.

It usually means that the previous vowel is nasalized.

In Hindi, it is replaced in writing by anusvara when it is written above a consonant that carries a vowel symbol that extends above the top line.

In Classical Sanskrit, it seems to occur only over a lla, yya, or vva conjunct consonant, to show that it is pronounced as a nasalized double l, y, or v which occurs if they have become assimilated in sandhi.

In Vedic Sanskrit, it is used instead of anusvara to represent the sound anunasika when the next word starts with a vowel. It usually occurs where in earlier times a word ended in -ans.

Tamil script
The Tamil script (தமிழ் அரிச்சுவடி Tamiḻ ariccuvaṭi [tamiɻ ˈaɾitːɕuʋaɽi]) is an abugida script that is used by Tamils and Tamil speakers in India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore and elsewhere to write the Tamil language. It is one of the official scripts of the Indian Republic. Certain minority languages such as Saurashtra, Badaga, Irula and Paniya are also written in the Tamil script.
1990 Belgian Indoor Championships – Doubles
Wally Masur and Tom Nijssen were the champions of the event when it last took place, in 1988. Neither of them participated in 1990.Emilio Sánchez and Slobodan Živojinović won the title, defeating Goran Ivanišević and Balázs Taróczy 7–5, 6–3, in the final.

Emilio Sánchez
Emilio Ángel Sánchez Vicario (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈmiljo ˈaŋxel ˈsantʃeθ βiˈkaɾjo]; born 29 May 1965) is a Spanish former doubles world No. 1 tennis player. He won five Grand Slam doubles titles and the men's doubles silver medal at the 1988 Olympic Games. Sánchez is the elder brother of multiple Grand Slam winner Arantxa Sánchez Vicario, with whom he partnered to win the Hopman Cup in 1990. After retiring, he captained Spain to Davis Cup victory in 2008.
Frobisher Lake
Frobisher Lake is a large, irregularly shaped glacial lake in the northern part of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is situated between Turnor Lake and Churchill Lake in the Churchill River drainage basin about 59 kilometres (37 mi) north-northeast of Buffalo Narrows.

There are no permanent settlements on Frobisher Lake — only an outfitters with four cabins. The closest community is Turnor Lake, which is accessed by Highway 909. From Turnor Lake, road access (Road 909) was built to Frobisher Lake.

Buffalo Narrows
Buffalo Narrows (Plains Cree: ᒧᐢᑐᓱ ᐘᐹᓯᕽ, romanized: mostoso-wapâsihk) is a northern village in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is a community of 1,110 people. Located at the "Narrows" between Peter Pond Lake and Churchill Lake, tourism and resource extraction (logging, fishing) are its main economic activities.
1967 Davis Cup Europe Zone
The Europe Zone was one of the three regional zones of the 1967 Davis Cup.

32 teams entered the Europe Zone, competing across 2 sub-zones. The winners of each sub-zone went on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Zone against the winners of the America Zone and Eastern Zone.

Spain defeated the Soviet Union in the Zone A final, and South Africa defeated Brazil in the Zone B final, resulting in both Spain and South Africa progressing to the Inter-Zonal Zone.

Brazil Davis Cup team
The Brazil national tennis team represents Brazil in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Brazilian Tennis Confederation.

After nine years, Brazil returned to the World Group in 2013 with a defeat by the United States in the first round. Brazil also played in 2015, losing to Argentina.
Provisional Government of the Republic of China (1912–1913)
The Provisional Government of the Republic of China (Chinese: 中華民國臨時政府; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó Línshí Zhèngfǔ) was a provisional government established during the Xinhai Revolution by the revolutionaries in 1912. After the success of the Wuchang Uprising, revolutionary provincial assembly representatives held a conference in the district of Wuchang, China, which framed the organizational outline of the Provisional Government.

Song Jiaoren
Song Jiaoren (Chinese: 宋敎仁; pinyin: Sòng Jiàorén; Wade–Giles: Sung Chiao-jen, [sʊ̂ŋ tɕjâʊɻə̌n]; Given name at birth: Liàn 鍊; Courtesy name: Dùnchū 鈍初; 5 April 1882 – 22 March 1913) was a Chinese republican revolutionary, political leader and a founder of the Kuomintang (KMT). Song Jiaoren led the KMT to electoral victories in China's first democratic election. He based his appeal on the upper class gentry, landowners, and merchants.  Historians have concluded that provisional president Yuan Shikai was responsible for his assassination on 22 March 1913.
William Benoit
William Lyon Benoit (born March 17, 1953) is an American scholar in the field of political communication. He graduated from Ball State University in 1975 and obtained his Master of Arts degree from Central Michigan University in 1976. He also holds a PhD from Wayne State University.

He is a distinguished professor of Communication Studies at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. He previously taught at Miami University, Bowling Green State University, the University of Missouri, and Ohio University. He was a faculty member at the University of Missouri for twenty-four years. He is known for developing image repair theory (originally called "Image Restoration") and for applying it to anecdotes in various real-world contexts. He was the editor of the Journal of Communication from 2003 to 2005, and of Communication Studies from 2007 to 2009.

Communication Studies (journal)
Communication Studies is a peer-reviewed academic journal that covers communication processes, specifically communication theory and research. It was established in 1949 as the Central States Speech Journal, obtaining its current title in 1989. The editor-in-chief is Yuping Mao (California State University, Long Beach). It is published in 6 issues a year by Routledge and is an official journal of the Central States Communication Association. The journal issues open science badges on articles meeting the criteria of the Center for Open Science.

According to data published in Scientometrics Communication Studies was rated as the fifth-most central journal to the field of human communication.
Phase dispersion minimization
Phase dispersion minimization (PDM) is a data analysis technique that searches for periodic components of a time series data set. It is useful for data sets with gaps, non-sinusoidal variations, poor time coverage or other problems that would make Fourier techniques unusable. It was first developed by Stellingwerf in 1978  and has been widely used for astronomical and other types of periodic data analyses. Source code is available for PDM analysis. The current version of this application is available for download.

Sine wave
A sine wave, sinusoidal wave, or sinusoid (symbol: ∿) is a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function. In mechanics, as a linear motion over time, this is simple harmonic motion; as rotation, it corresponds to uniform circular motion. Sine waves occur often in physics, including wind waves, sound waves, and light waves, such as monochromatic radiation. In engineering, signal processing, and mathematics, Fourier analysis decomposes general functions into a sum of sine waves of various frequencies, relative phases, and magnitudes.

When any two sine waves of the same frequency (but arbitrary phase) are linearly combined, the result is another sine wave of the same frequency; this property is unique among periodic waves. Conversely, if some phase is chosen as a zero reference, a sine wave of arbitrary phase can be written as the linear combination of two sine waves with phases of zero and a quarter cycle, the sine and cosine components, respectively.
Hyalophysa chattoni
Hyalophysa chattoni is an apostome ciliate of the order Apostomatida. The polymorphic symbiont is carried as an encysted phoront on the exoskeleton of few arthropods belonging to the subphylum Crustacea and undergoes metamorphosis during the host's premolt followed by various other life-cycle stages.

Exoskeleton
An exoskeleton (from Ancient Greek  έξω (éxō) 'outer' and  σκελετός (skeletós) 'skeleton') is a skeleton that is on the exterior of an animal in the form of hardened integument, which both supports the body's shape and protects the internal organs, in contrast to an internal endoskeleton (e.g. that of a human) which is enclosed underneath other soft tissues. Some large, hard and non-flexible protective exoskeletons are known as shell or armour.

Examples of exoskeletons in animals include the cuticle skeletons shared by arthropods (insects, chelicerates, myriapods and crustaceans) and tardigrades, as well as the skeletal cups formed by hardened secretion of stony corals, the test/tunic of sea squirts and sea urchins, and the prominent mollusc shell shared by snails, clams, tusk shells, chitons and nautilus. Some vertebrate animals, such as the turtle, have both an endoskeleton and a protective exoskeleton.
Symphony No. 33 (Michael Haydn)
Michael Haydn's Symphony No. 33 in B♭ major, Perger 24, Sherman 33, MH 425/652, was mostly written in Salzburg in 1786. Eight years after he stopped writing symphonies, Haydn re-examined this work and decided to add a minuet to it. The minuet is listed in the Sherman & Donley catalog as MH 652, with a cross-reference from MH 425.

The symphony is scored for two oboes, two bassoons, two horns, two trumpets, timpani, and strings. It is in four movements:

Minuet
A minuet (/ˌmɪnjuˈɛt/; also spelled menuet) is a social dance of French origin for two people, usually written in 34 time. The English word was adapted from the Italian minuetto and the French menuet.

The term also describes the musical form that accompanies the dance, which subsequently developed more fully, often with a longer musical form called the minuet and trio, and was much used as a movement in the early classical symphony. While often stylized in instrumental forms, composers of the period would have been familiar with the popular dance.
Madonna and Child (Cima, Paris)
The Madonna and Child is an oil painting on panel of 1495–1497 by the Italian Renaissance artist Cima da Conegliano, now in the Petit Palais in Paris. It was owned in London by Sir William Abdy, then in Paris by Edward Tuck, the American vice-consul there; the latter gave it to its present owner in 1930.

Berenson, Von Hadeln, Lasareff and Menegazzi date the work to 1495 but Van Marle and Coletti date it to 1497.

Cima da Conegliano
Giovanni Battista Cima, also called Cima da Conegliano (c. 1459 – c. 1517), was an Italian Renaissance painter, who mostly worked in Venice.  He can be considered part of the Venetian school, though he was also influenced by Antonello da Messina, in the emphasis he gives to landscape backgrounds and the tranquil atmosphere of his works.

Once formed his style did not change greatly. He mostly painted religious subjects, often on a small scale for homes rather than churches, but also a few, mostly small, mythological ones. He often repeated popular subjects in different versions with slight variations, including his Madonnas and Saint Jerome in a Landscape. His paintings of the Madonna and Child include several variations of a composition that have a standing infant Jesus, which in turn are repeated several times.
Plaxis
Plaxis (sometimes stylised in all caps; Plane strain and axial symmetry, indicating the geometric types handled in the original code) is a computer program that performs finite element analyses (FEA) within the realm of geotechnical engineering, including deformation, stability and water flow. The input procedures enable the enhanced output facilities provide a detailed presentation of computational results. PLAXIS enables new users to work with the package after only a few hours of training.

Plaxis BV was acquired by the American Bentley Systems, Inc. in 2018.

Axial symmetry
Axial symmetry is symmetry around an axis or line (geometry). An object is said to be axially symmetric if its appearance is unchanged if transformed around an axis. The main types of axial symmetry are reflection symmetry and rotational symmetry (including circular symmetry for plane figures and cylindrical symmetry for surfaces of revolution). For example, a baseball bat (without trademark or other design), or a plain white tea saucer, looks the same if it is rotated by any angle about the line passing lengthwise through its center, so it is axially symmetric.

Axial symmetry can also be discrete with a fixed angle of rotation, 360°/n for n-fold symmetry.
Czech Republic–Taiwan relations
The Czech Republic and Taiwan (officially the Republic of China) maintain strong unofficial relations.

In the absence of official diplomatic relations, the Czech Republic is represented by the Czech Economic and Cultural Office in Taipei, and Taiwan by the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Prague.

Joseph Wu
Wu Jau-shieh (Chinese: 吳釗燮; pinyin: Wú Zhāoxiè; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ngô͘ Chiau-siat; born October 31, 1954), also known by his English name Joseph Wu, is a Taiwanese political scientist and diplomat currently serving as secretary-general of the National Security Council since 2024. He was formerly the foreign minister from 2018 to 2024 and secretary-general to the presidential office of Tsai Ing-wen from 2017 to 2018.

After earning his doctorate from Ohio State University, Wu became a political science professor. From 2007 to 2008, he was Chief Representative of Taiwan to the United States as the head of the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in Washington, D.C., having been appointed to that position by President Chen Shui-bian to succeed his predecessor, David Lee, who was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs. On February 26, 2018, he succeeded Lee in that role as well.
Rod Coelli
Rod Coelli (born 23 April 1955) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Coelli was recruited from Ardlethan Football Club in the South West Football League (New South Wales). He made three appearances late in the 1975 VFL season and then didn't play a single senior game in 1976.

He joined Sandringham in 1977 and was a member of the grand final losing team that year. In 1981, after 53 games for Sandringham, Coelli returned to his home state and signed with Albury. He won the 1981 Morris Medal, awarded to the "Best and Fairest" player in the Ovens & Murray Football League.

Albury Football Club
The Albury Football Club, nicknamed the Tigers, is an Australian rules football and netball club based in Albury, a major regional city in New South Wales. Albury football and netball squads compete in the Ovens & Murray Football League.
Piétrain, Belgium
Piétrain (French pronunciation: [pjetʁɛ̃]; Dutch: Petrem; Walloon: Pîtrin) is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Jodoigne, located in the province of Walloon Brabant, Belgium. The village Herbais lies south of the sub-municipality.

Walloon Brabant
Walloon Brabant (French: Brabant wallon [bʁabɑ̃ walɔ̃] ⓘ; Dutch: Waals-Brabant [ˌʋaːlz ˈbraːbɑnt] ⓘ; Walloon: Roman Payis) is a province located in Belgium's French-speaking region of Wallonia. It borders on (clockwise from the North) the province of Flemish Brabant (Flemish Region) and the provinces of Liège, Namur and Hainaut. Walloon Brabant's capital is Wavre; however, the municipality of Braine-l'Alleud is slightly more populous.

The provincial population was recorded at about 414,000 as of January 2024, and an area of 1,097 square kilometres (424 sq mi).
1955 Hong Kong municipal election
The 1955 Hong Kong Urban Council election was held on 30 March 1955 for two of the four elected seats of the Urban Council of Hong Kong. It was the fourth Urban Council election in the post-war period.

The turnout was low compared to the previous year, as only 3,650 voters cast their votes; 1,540 ballots from Hong Kong Island and 374 from Kowloon. Brook Bernacchi and Woo Pak-chuen of the Reform Club were reelected. G.O. Jones, who ran against the Reform Club for the third time, was defeated.

Urban Council
The Urban Council (UrbCo) was a municipal council in Hong Kong responsible for municipal services on Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon (including New Kowloon). These services were provided by the council's executive arm, the Urban Services Department. Later, the equivalent body for the New Territories was the Regional Council.

The council was founded as the Sanitary Board in 1883. It was renamed the Urban Council when new legislation was passed in 1936 expanding its mandate. In 1973 the council was reorganised under non-government control and became financially autonomous. Originally composed mainly of ex-officio and appointed members, by the time the Urban Council was disbanded following the Handover it was composed entirely of members elected by universal suffrage.
Luke Williams (Australian rules footballer)
Luke Williams (born 29 December 1979) is a former Australian rules footballer who played in the Australian Football League (AFL).

Picked up in the 1998 AFL draft, Williams was a utility who could play up forward or in the midfield. Debuting in 1999, he had very limited opportunities at the Melbourne Football Club, and after seven seasons on the list, Williams finally notched up his 50th AFL game in 2005. He spent most of his career with Melbourne playing in the Demons' reserve side, the Sandringham Zebras, in the Victorian Football League.

At the end of 2005, Melbourne decided to delist Williams.

Sandringham Football Club
The Sandringham Football Club, nicknamed the Zebras, is an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Sandringham. It currently competes in the Victorian Football League (VFL) and the VFL Women's (VFLW).

Sandringham has competed in the VFL – originally known as the Victorian Football Association (VFA) – since 1929, and was one of only two clubs to not be relegated to Division 2 when the VFA was split into two divisions.

Sandringham men's side is a standalone outfit and is not affiliated with any other club. Between 2009 and 2025, the club had a reserves affiliation with Australian Football League (AFL) club St Kilda, and prior to that were affiliated with Melbourne. The club's women's side, which competes in the VFLW, retains an affiliation with St Kilda.
Isaac Ruto
Isaac Kiprono Ruto (born 4 March 1959) is a Kenyan politician. He is the Chama Cha Mashinani Party leader. He was elected the first governor of Bomet County in 2013 Kenyan general elections. He hails from Tumoi, Sigor in Chepalungu constituency and went to Tenwek High School where he proceeded to study Political Science at the University of Nairobi. He is also a former chairman of the Council of Governors in Kenya.

University of Nairobi
The University of Nairobi (uonbi or UoN; Swahili: Chuo Kikuu cha Nairobi) is a collegiate research university based in Nairobi and is the largest university in Kenya. Although its history as an educational institution dates back to 1956, it did not become an independent university until 1970. During that year, the University of East Africa was split into three independent universities: the Makerere University in Uganda, the University of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania, and the University of Nairobi in Kenya.

During the 2023 academic year, the university had 49,047 students, of whom 35,897 were undergraduates and 11,003 were postgraduates. The university launched several policy frameworks and introduced self-funded enrollment (also called 'module 2') to cope with the rising demand for higher education in Kenya.