hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polar route
A polar route is an aircraft route across the uninhabited polar ice cap regions. The term "polar route" was originally applied to great circle navigation routes between Europe and the west coast of North America which began to be routine in the 1950s. After several pioneering flights in the 1930s and 1940s, the first commercial polar route crossing was made by an SAS aircraft in 1954.

Great-circle navigation
Great-circle navigation or orthodromic navigation (related to orthodromic course; from Ancient Greek  ορθός (orthós) 'right angle' and  δρόμος (drómos) 'path') is the practice of navigating a vessel (a ship or aircraft) along a great circle. Such routes yield the shortest distance  between two points on the globe.
Holmens Kanal
Holmens Kanal is a short street in central Copenhagen. Part of the main thoroughfare of the city centre, it extends from Kongens Nytorv for one block to a junction with a statue of Niels Juel where it turns right towards Holmens Bro while the through traffic continues straight along Niels Juels Gade. The street was originally a canal, hence the name, but was filled in the 1860s. Today it is dominated by bank and government buildings.

Kongens Nytorv
Kongens Nytorv (lit. "The King's New Square") is a public square in Copenhagen, Denmark, centrally located at the end of the pedestrian street Strøget.  The largest square of the city, it was laid out by Christian V in 1670 in connection with a major extension of the fortified city, and has an equestrian statue of him at its centre. The initiative moved the centre of the city from the medieval area around Gammeltorv, at that time a muddy medieval marketplace, to a cobbled new square with a garden complex, inspired by the Royal city planning seen in Paris from the early 17th century.

Important buildings facing the square include the Royal Danish Theater from 1874, the Charlottenborg Palace from 1671 (now the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts), the Thott Palace from 1683 (now the French Embassy), the Hotel D'Angleterre and the Magasin du Nord department store.
1948 Ostzonenmeisterschaft final
The 1948 Ostzonenmeisterschaft Final decided the winner of the 1948 Ostzonenmeisterschaft, the 1st edition of the Ostzonenmeisterschaft, a knockout football cup competition to decide the champions of the Soviet occupation zone.

The match was played on 4 July 1948 at the Probstheidaer Stadion in Leipzig. SG Planitz won the match 1–0 against Freiimfelde Halle for their 1st title.

1948 Ostzonenmeisterschaft
The Ostzonenmeisterschaft 1948 (English: Championship of the Eastern Zone) was the first football championship in what was to become East Germany. It was played in a one-leg knock-out format with ten participating teams. Each of the five Länder—Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Saxony, Thuringia and Saxony-Anhalt—sent two representatives. The regional championships of Saxony, Thuringia and Saxony-Anhalt were ended after the semi-finals as by then two participants had been determined. The Ostzone champion was supposed to take part in the 1948 German championship, playing 1. FC Nürnberg in Stuttgart, but the team of SG Planitz was not allowed to travel for political reasons.
WAZX-FM
WAZX-FM (101.9 MHz) is a commercial FM radio station broadcasting a Regional Mexican radio format.  It is licensed to Cleveland, Georgia.  WAZX-FM is owned by WAZX-FM, Inc.  The studios and offices are on Venture Drive in Duluth, Georgia.  The transmitter is in Clermont, Georgia.

Cleveland, Georgia
Cleveland is a city in White County, Georgia, located 90 miles (140 km) northeast of Atlanta and 128 miles (206 km) southeast of Chattanooga, Tennessee. Its population was 3,514 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of White County.

Cleveland is home to the North Georgia Zoo and Petting Farm, Farmhouse Coffee, and Babyland General Hospital, the "birthplace" of Cabbage Patch Kids dolls, as well as an adoption center for the dolls.
Zrecze Duże
Zrecze Duże [ˈzrɛt͡ʂɛ ˈduʐɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chmielnik, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Chmielnik and 34 km (21 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Chmielnik, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Chmielnik [ˈxmʲɛlɲik] is a town in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland. As of December 2021, it has a population of 3,557, and lies in historic Lesser Poland. The name of the town is derived from hop (Polish: chmiel).
Ike Wales
Isaac F Wales (31 January 1865 – 11 January 1949) was an Australian cricketer. Primarily a wicket-keeper, he played 16 first-class cricket matches for New South Wales between 1886 and 1894, taking 28 catches, stumping 5 batsmen and scoring 121 runs.

Stump (cricket)
In cricket, the stumps are the three vertical posts that support the bails and form the wicket. Stumping or being stumped is a method of dismissing a batsman.

The umpire calling stumps means the play is over for the day.
Los Tarcos Rugby Club
Los Tarcos Rugby Club, is an Argentine rugby union club based in the city of San Miguel de Tucumán.

The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 14 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano.

Nacional de Clubes
The Torneo Nacional de Clubes is a club rugby union competition in Argentina, organised by the Argentine Rugby Union (UAR). The Nacional de Clubes is the main club competition in Argentine rugby, being contested by the winners of Torneo de la URBA (Buenos Aires Province) and Torneo del Interior (rest of provinces of Argentina), which play a single match final to define the national champion.

In its inaugural season, the tournament was contested by 16 teams, 8 from Buenos Aires and 8 from the rest of the provinces of Argentina. The competition has suffered several changes of rules and number of participants until present days. There was also a second division, "Nacional de Clubes B", with a similar format., held from 1993 to 2018, when the UAR reorganised all its tournaments.

With 11 titles (five of them won consecutively), Hindú is the Nacional de Clubes' most successful team.
Gus Creely
August L. Creely (1870-1934) was a Major League Baseball player. He played shortstop in four games for  the St. Louis Browns of the American Association during the 1890 baseball season. He played primarily in the minor leagues from 1887–1896 including for the Monmouth Maple Cities (Illinois-Iowa League) in 1890.

Monmouth, Illinois, minor league baseball history
Minor league baseball teams were based in Monmouth, Illinois in various seasons between 1889 and 1913. Monmouth teams played as members of the Central Interstate League in 1889, Illinois-Iowa League in 1890, Illinois-Missouri League from 1908 to 1909 and Central Association from 1910 to 1913. Monmouth won the 1909 Illinois-Missouri League championship and hosted home games at the 11th Street Park.
Bomilcar (suffete)
Bomilcar (Punic: 𐤁𐤃‬𐤌𐤋‬𐤒‬𐤓‬𐤕‬, BDMLQRT) was a Carthaginian nobleman and commander in the Second Punic War (218–201 BC).

He was a son-in-law of Hamilcar Barca and the father of the Hanno who commanded a portion of Hannibal's army at the passage of the Rhone (218 BC) and at the Battle of Cannae. This Bomilcar seems to have been one of the Carthaginian suffetes and to have presided in that assembly of the senate in which the Second Punic War was resolved upon.

Rhône
The Rhône (/roʊn/ ROHN, French: [ʁon] ⓘ; Occitan: Ròse; Arpitan: Rôno) is a major river in France and Switzerland, rising in the Alps and flowing west and south through Lake Geneva and Southeastern France before discharging into the Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Lion). At Arles, near its mouth, the river divides into the Great Rhône (French: le Grand Rhône; Occitan: Grand Ròse) and the Little Rhône (le Petit Rhône; Pichon Ròse). The resulting delta forms the Camargue region.

The river's source is the Rhône Glacier, at the eastern edge of the Swiss canton of Valais. The glacier is part of the Saint-Gotthard Massif, which gives rise to three other major rivers: the Reuss, Rhine and Ticino.

The Rhône is, with the Po and the Nile, one of the three Mediterranean rivers with the largest water discharge.
Jonathan Clarke (silversmith)
Jonathan Clarke (August 12, 1705 - 1770) was an American silversmith active in Newport and Providence, Rhode Island.

Clarke was born in Newport, Rhode Island, where from 1734 to 1755 he worked as a silversmith. There he served in the militia as Ensign in 1735 and Captain in 1742, and in 1750 was appointed Justice of Peace. From about 1755-1766 he was active as a silversmith in Providence, Rhode Island. His work is collected in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design Museum, Winterthur Museum, and Yale University Art Gallery.

Winterthur Museum, Garden and Library
Winterthur Museum, Garden and Library is an American estate and museum in Winterthur, Delaware. Winterthur houses one of the richest collections of Americana in the United States. The museum and estate were the home of Henry Francis du Pont (1880–1969), Winterthur's founder and a prominent antiques collector and horticulturist.
Singham (soundtrack)
Singham (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack album to the 2011 film of the same name directed by Rohit Shetty starring Ajay Devgn, Prakash Raj and Kajal Aggarwal. The soundtrack featured six songs composed by Ajay–Atul with lyrics written by Swanand Kirkire. It was released through the T-Series label on 19 June 2011 to mixed-to-positive reception from music critics.

Karthik Srinivasan
Karthik Srinivasan (/kɑːrθɪk sriːnɪvɑːsən/) is an Indian communications strategy consultant, music critic and blogger. He is the founder of the website ItwoFS, which tracks plagiarism in Indian film music, and Milliblog, where he reviews music albums.
My Sharona
"My Sharona" (/ʃəˈroʊnə/) is the debut single by American power pop band the Knack. The song was written by Berton Averre and Doug Fieger, and it was released in 1979 from their debut album, Get the Knack. It reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart, where it remained for six weeks, and was number one on Billboard's 1979 Top Pop Singles year-end chart.

It was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America, representing 1,000,000 copies sold, and was Capitol Records' fastest gold status debut single since the Beatles' "I Want to Hold Your Hand" in 1964. It has since gone on to sell more than 10 million copies as of 2010, becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time.

Rona (store)
RONA Inc. (stylized as RONA) is a Canadian retailer of home improvement and construction products and services, owned by U.S.-based private equity firm Sycamore Partners. Founded in 1939, the company operates a mixture of company-owned and franchised retailers under multiple banners, including Rona, its big box formats Rona Home & Garden (Rona L'Entrepôt in Quebec), Rona+, as well as smaller brands such as Rona Cashway, Moffatt & Powell and Dick's Lumber.

Lowe's acquired Rona for $3.2 billion CAD in May 2016. In November 2022, Lowe's announced it would sell its Canadian operations, including Rona, to Sycamore Partners; the deal was completed the following February. Rona announced in July 2023 that it would begin converting Lowe's locations to the new banner Rona+.
Impressionists in Winter
Impressionists in Winter: Effets de Neige was a late 20th-century art exhibition featuring 63 Impressionist winter landscape paintings by artists  Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Camille Pissarro, Alfred Sisley, Gustave Caillebotte, and Paul Gauguin.

Influenced by the work of art historian Charles Moffett and curated by  Eliza Rathbone,  Impressionists in Winter was sponsored by J.P. Morgan & Co. and opened in 1998 at The Phillips Collection art museum in Washington, D.C.  In 1999, the exhibition appeared at the Yerba Buena Center for the Arts in San Francisco and the Brooklyn Museum in New York City.

Alfred Sisley
Alfred Sisley (/ˈsɪsli/; French: [sislɛ]; 30 October 1839 – 29 January 1899) was an Impressionist landscape painter who was born and spent most of his life in France, but retained British citizenship. He was the most consistent of the Impressionists in his dedication to painting landscape en plein air (i.e., outdoors). He deviated into figure painting only rarely and, unlike Renoir and Pissarro, he found that Impressionism fulfilled his artistic needs.

Among his important works are a series of paintings of the River Thames, mostly around Hampton Court, executed in 1874, and landscapes depicting places in or near Moret-sur-Loing. The notable paintings of the Seine and its bridges in the former suburbs of Paris are like many of his landscapes, characterised by tranquillity, in pale shades of green, pink, purple, dusty blue and cream. Over the years Sisley's power of expression and colour intensity increased.
St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange
St. Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange was a church and parish in the City of London located on Bartholomew Lane, off Threadneedle Street.  Recorded since the 13th century, the church was destroyed in the Great Fire of London in 1666, then rebuilt by Sir Christopher Wren. The rebuilt church was demolished in 1840.

Threadneedle Street
Threadneedle Street is a street in the City of London, England, between Bishopsgate at its northeast end and Bank junction in the southwest. It is one of nine streets that converge at Bank. It lies in the ward of Cornhill.
Italo Insolera
Italo Insolera (February 7, 1929, in Turin – August 27, 2012, in Rome) was an Italian architect, urban and land planner, and historian.

He published several books and essays dealing with the economic, social and cultural circumstances and conditions of urban development, and the use of the ancient town in the framework of metropolitan development. These issues were also the primary focus of his professional and academic work, where restoration and planning of historical towns and environmental systems prevail. He was especially interested in the relationship between archaeology and the modern city; he proposed solutions for the correct (re)use of ancient towns that included traffic restriction, pedestrianization, and restoration. Some of these have been implemented by municipal governments, particularly in Rome.

Torre del Lago
Torre del Lago (Tower of the Lake) is a town of almost 11,000 inhabitants, a frazione of the comune of Viareggio, in the province of Lucca, Tuscany, Italy, between the Lake of Massaciuccoli and the Tyrrhenian Sea.

The Festival Puccini, an annual opera festival which attracts around 40,000 attendees, is held in its open-air theatre, a short distance from Villa Puccini where the opera composer Giacomo Puccini lived and worked. He is buried in a small chapel inside the Villa.

The area of the village on the sea (Marina di Torre del Lago) is well known for being an important gay and gay-friendly summer resort of national and international appeal.

It is served by Torre del Lago Puccini railway station.
Pagla Mosque
The Pagla Mosque (Bengali: পাগলা মসজিদ, romanized: Pāglā Môsjid), officially the Pagla Mosque and Islamic Complex, is an old mosque located on the banks of the Narsunda River in Harua, in the Kishoreganj District of the Dhaka Division in Bangladesh. The three-storey mosque has a towering minaret. The complex was established on a 1.57-hectare (3.88-acre) site. Since 10 May 1979, the State Waqf has managed the mosque.

Kishoreganj District
Kishoreganj District (Bengali: কিশোরগঞ্জ জেলা) is a district in Dhaka Division, Bangladesh. The establishment of the Kishorganj began with 2495.07 km2 of land requisition from Mymensingh district to form Kishoreganj District. Earlier it was a mahakuma (sub-division) under Mymensingh district. Kishorganj consists of eight municipalities, 13 upazilas, 105 union parishads, 39 wards, 145 mahallas, 946 mouzas, and 1775 villages.
David Blank
David Clifford Blank (born 19 December 1959) is a former English cricketer.  Blank was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium.  He was born in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire.

Blank made his debut for Staffordshire in the 1981 Minor Counties Championship against Cheshire.  Blank played Minor counties cricket for Staffordshire from 1981 to 1991, which included 76 Minor Counties Championship matches and 20 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 1984, he made his List A debut against Gloucestershire in the NatWest Trophy.  He made 6 further appearances in List A cricket, the last coming against Northamptonshire in the 1990 NatWest Trophy. In his 7 List A matches, he scored 60 runs at an average of 20.00, with a high score of 23*. With the ball, he took 9 wickets at a bowling average of 38.55, with best figures of 3/75.

Stoke-on-Trent
Stoke-on-Trent (often abbreviated to Stoke) is a city and unitary authority area in Staffordshire, England. It had an estimated population of 259,965 in 2022, making it the largest settlement in Staffordshire and one of the largest cities of the Midlands. Stoke is surrounded by the towns of Newcastle-under-Lyme, Alsager, Kidsgrove and Biddulph, which form a conurbation around the city.

The city is polycentric, formed from the federation of six towns in 1910. It took its name from the town of Stoke-upon-Trent, where the main centre of government and the principal railway station in the district were located. Hanley is the primary commercial centre. The other four towns which form the city are Burslem, Tunstall, Longton and Fenton.

As the home of the pottery industry in England, the area is known as The Potteries. It is a centre for service industries and distribution centres. It formerly had a primarily heavy industry sector.
Ellis Hotel
The Ellis Hotel, formerly known as the Winecoff Hotel, is located at 176 Peachtree Street NW, in downtown Atlanta, Georgia, US. Designed by William Lee Stoddart, the 15-story building opened in 1913. It is located next to 200 Peachtree, which was built as the flagship Davison's. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 31, 2009. The Ellis Hotel is best known for a fire that occurred there on December 7, 1946, in which 119 people died.

Davison's
Davison's was an American department store chain founded in 1891 in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It was a local institution, and competed with Rich's in the Atlanta market. Davison's expanded throughout Georgia and South Carolina. It was acquired by Macy's in 1925, and ultimately converted to Macy's in 1985.
Manawatāwhi / Three Kings Islands
The Manawatāwhi / Three Kings Islands (Manawatāwhi is also the Māori name for the largest island) are a group of 13 uninhabited islands about 55 kilometres (34 mi) northwest of Cape Reinga, New Zealand, where the South Pacific Ocean and Tasman Sea converge. They measure 6.85 km2 (2.64 sq mi) in area. The islands are on a submarine plateau, the Three Kings Bank, and are separated from the New Zealand mainland by an 8 km wide, 200 to 300 m deep submarine trough. Therefore, despite relative proximity to the mainland, the islands are listed with the New Zealand Outlying Islands. The islands are an immediate part of New Zealand, but not part of any region or district, but instead Area Outside Territorial Authority, like all the other outlying islands except the Solander Islands.

Regions of New Zealand
The regions of New Zealand are the administrative jurisdictions of the country's regional councils and unitary authorities; the country is divided into sixteen such areas. The councils derive their powers from the central government, as New Zealand is a unitary state rather than a federation.

Eleven are currently administered by regional councils, whilst the other five are administered by unitary authorities. Most of New Zealand's outlying Islands are not included within its regions, with the Solander Islands being the exception as they are within the Southland Region. The Chatham Islands are not within any region, having their own specially legislated territorial authority.
Ponkvica
Ponkvica (pronounced [ˈpoːŋkʋitsa]) is a small settlement south of Ponikva in the Municipality of Šentjur, eastern Slovenia. The settlement, and the entire municipality, are included in the Savinja Statistical Region, which is in the Slovenian portion of the historical Duchy of Styria.

Duchy of Styria
The Duchy of Styria (German: Herzogtum Steiermark; Slovene: Vojvodina Štajerska; Latin: Ducatus Styriae) was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia. It was a part of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806 and a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918.
Land reform in North Vietnam
Land reform in North Vietnam (Vietnamese: Cải cách ruộng đất tại miền Bắc Việt Nam, IPA: [kâj.kǎʲk ʐuə̂ˀŋ.ɗʌ̌k tâˀj miə̀n.ɓɐ̌k viə̂ˀt.nām]) was a major campaign by the communist government of North Vietnam between 1953 and 1956. The goal was to take land from landlords and give it to poor farmers. Influenced by China's example, the reform included land redistribution, rent reduction, and class struggle.

Many landlords were accused of crimes, publicly criticized, imprisoned, or executed. The campaign caused fear and division in villages, and mistakes were later admitted by the government. In 1956, a "Rectification of Errors" campaign was launched to correct these problems. Despite its violence, the reform changed rural society and helped the government gain control over the countryside.

Land reform
Land reform (also known as agrarian reform) involves the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership, land use, and land transfers. The reforms may be initiated by governments, by interested groups, or by revolution.

Land reform is often considered a contentious process, as land is a key driver of a wide range of social, political and economic outcomes. The structure and distribution of land rights has been linked to state formation, economic growth, inequality, political violence, and identity politics, making land reform highly consequential for the long-term structures of society.
Sally Smith
Sally Smith is the name of:

Sally Smith, the slave name of the West-African woman Redoshi (d. 1937)

Sally Smith (actress) (born 1942), British actress

Sally Smith (politician) (born 1945), American politician

Sally Bedell Smith (born 1948), American historian and author

Sally E. Smith, Australian mycologist

Sally J. Smith, American businesswoman

Sally J. Smith, American artist

Sally Liberman Smith (1929–2007), American educator

Sally Merchant (1919–2007), née Smith, Canadian television personality and political figure

Sally James (presenter) (born 1950), British TV presenter, married name Smith

Sally Smith (runner), American middle-distance runner, 1988 All-American for the Purdue Boilermakers track and field team

Sally J. Smith (artist)
Sally J. Smith is an American artist who creates fairy house sculptures and land art. She is based in Westport, New York near Lake Champlain in the Adirondack Mountains. She grew up in Shelburne, Vermont and previously worked as a watercolorist and illustrator.

Smith runs the artist studio Greenspirit Arts. She makes sculpted fairy houses out of natural and human-made material, with most of the houses standing 12 to 18 inches tall. She creates both temporary fairy houses in nature and others for indoor display. In 2017, her book Fairy Houses, How to Create Whimsical Homes for Fairy Folk was published by Cool Springs Press.

Her work is held in the permanent collection of the Henry Sheldon Museum of Vermont History.