hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polyidus (poet)
Polyidus (Ancient Greek: Πολύϊδος, also Πολύειδος or Πολυείδης; fl. c. 400 BC) was an ancient Greek dithyrambic poet who was also skillful as a painter; he seems to have been esteemed almost as highly as Timotheus of Miletus. One of his pupils, Philotas, once defeated Timotheus in competition. According to Plutarch (De Mm. 21, p. 1138, b.), Polyidus outdid Timotheus in those intricate variations, for the introduction of which the musicians of this period are so frequently attacked by contemporaries.

In Poetics 17, Aristotle mentions the example of "Polyidus the Sophist" in bringing the action vividly before the hearer. The example is drawn from the myth of Orestes:  "On his coming he was arrested, and about to be sacrificed, when he revealed who he was—either as Euripides puts it, or (as suggested by Polyidus) by the not improbable exclamation, ’So I too am doomed to be sacrificed, as my sister was’".

Orestes
In Greek mythology, Orestes or Orestis (/ɒˈrɛstiːz/; Ancient Greek: Ὀρέστης [oréstɛːs]) was the son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, and the brother of Electra and Iphigenia. He was also known by the patronymic Agamemnonides (Ἀγαμεμνονίδης), meaning "son of Agamemnon." He is the subject of several Ancient Greek plays and of various myths connected with his madness, revenge, and purification, which retain obscure threads of much older works. In particular Orestes plays a main role in Aeschylus' Oresteia.
SS Esturia (1910)
Esturia was a 2,143 gross register ton oiler, built by Armstrong Whitworth & Company, Walker in 1910.  She operated as an oil tanker for the Burmah Oil Company, before being chartered by the Royal Australian Navy on 11 September 1914, during the First World War, as an oiler and stores ship. She served as the destroyer depot ship for HMAS Swan, Huon, and Torrens in Australian and Malayan waters. After being dispatched to Port Said, Egypt with the destroyers, she was transferred to the Admiralty.

After serving with the Admiralty, she was sold in 1918 to Shell Tankers UK, who operated her until 1928 when she was sold to the Greek company Mavris Bros Piraeus and renamed Loukia.

Depot ship
A depot ship is an auxiliary ship used as a mobile or fixed base for submarines, destroyers, minesweepers, fast attack craft, landing craft, or other small ships with similarly limited space for maintenance equipment and crew dining, berthing and relaxation. Depot ships may be identified as tenders in American English. Depot ships may be specifically designed for their purpose or be converted from another purpose.
McDermitt, Nevada and Oregon
McDermitt is an unincorporated community straddling the Nevada–Oregon border, in Humboldt County, Nevada, and Malheur County, Oregon, United States. McDermitt's economy has historically been based on mining, ranching, and farming. The last mining operation closed in 1990, resulting in a steady decline in population.

As of the 2010 census, the combined population was 513. Seventy-five percent of the residents were American Indian, predominantly Northern Paiute of the Fort McDermitt Indian Reservation, whose members include Shoshone people.

Shoshone
The Shoshone or Shoshoni (/ʃoʊˈʃoʊni/ ⓘ shoh-SHOH-nee or /ʃəˈʃoʊni/ ⓘ shə-SHOH-nee), also known by the endonym Newe, are an Indigenous people of the United States with four large cultural/linguistic divisions:

Eastern Shoshone: Wyoming

Northern Shoshone: Southern Idaho

Western Shoshone: California, Nevada, and Northern Utah

Goshute:  western Utah, eastern Nevada

They traditionally speak the Shoshoni language, part of the Numic languages branch of the large Uto-Aztecan language family. The Shoshone were sometimes called the Snake Indians by neighboring tribes and early American explorers.

Their peoples have become members of federally recognized tribes throughout their traditional areas of settlement, often co-located with the Northern Paiute people of the Great Basin.
Charles Pugh
Charles Pugh (born August 3, 1971) is an American former television journalist, radio personality, and politician from Detroit, Michigan. For ten years, he served as the weekend anchor at WJBK in Detroit. He also served as the radio personality on CoCo, Foolish and Mr. Chase in the Morning and his own talk show, That's What's Up, which both originally aired Sunday evenings on WJLB.

In 2009, Pugh was elected council president of Detroit City Council, becoming the city's first openly LGBT elected official. Pugh served as president from 2010 until resigning in 2013 and relocating to New York City.

In 2016, he was convicted of three counts of criminal sexual misconduct and sentenced to 5+1⁄2 – 15 years in prison. On December 22, 2021 he was released from Bellamy Creek Correctional Facility in Ionia, Michigan to serve a two-year term of parole. He will have to comply with sex offender registration for the rest of his life.

WJLB
WJLB (97.9 FM) is a commercial radio station in Detroit, Michigan. Owned by iHeartMedia, it broadcasts an urban contemporary format. Its studios are on Halsted Road in Farmington Hills. In morning drive time, WJLB carries the syndicated Breakfast Club from co-owned WWPR-FM New York City.

WJLB has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 50,000 watts, the maximum for most Detroit stations. The station's transmitter is in Highland Park near the intersection of Hamilton Avenue and Midland Street. It uses a tower at 149 meters (489 ft) in height above average terrain (HAAT). WJLB broadcasts using HD Radio technology.
Ayodhyecha Raja
Ayodhyecha Raja, literally "The King of Ayodhya", was the first Marathi talkie, released in 1932, directed by Shantaram Rajaram Vankudre. It is based on the puranic story of Raja Harishchandra of Ayodhya and his test by sage Vishwamitra, as recounted in Valmiki's epic, Ramayana.

The film was also made as a double-version, Ayodhya Ka Raja (1932) in Hindi, making it the first double version talkie of Indian cinema, wherein Munshi Ismail Farogh wrote the Hindi dialogue, while screenwriter N.V. Kulkarni also did Marathi dialogue. India's first full-length feature film, Raja Harishchandra (1913), was also made on the same storyline.

Ayodhya (Ramayana)
Ayodhya is a city mentioned in the ancient Sanskrit-language texts, including the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. These texts describe it as the capital of the Ikshvaku kings, including Rama.

The historicity of this legendary city is of concern to the Ayodhya dispute. According to one theory, it is same as the present-day Indian city of Ayodhya. According to another theory, it is a fictional city, and the present-day Ayodhya (originally called Saketa) was renamed after it around the 4th or 5th century, during the Gupta period.
Kaye Forster
Kaye Forster (born c. 1980) is a freelance weather presenter based at BBC East Midlands weather hub.  Her usual role is providing weekday breakfast and lunchtime and weekend forecasts for the East Midlands, West Midlands and North West regions following budget cuts as part of the BBC's Delivering Quality First in England program.

Forster took a BSc in Geography at Brunel University where her final year dissertation was on the effect of global warming on Atlantic hurricanes. In 2001 she started Met. Office training at 'several RAF airfields'.  She became a regular weather presenter at BBC South East Today before leaving to become freelance; she then spent a spell covering for a leave of absence for Dianne Oxberry at BBC North West Tonight.

Forster joined a ladies' football team at university and has since played for Wycombe Wanderers, Exeter City and Ebbsfleet United.

BBC South East Today
BBC South East Today is the BBC South East regional television news programme, serving Kent, East Sussex, part of West Sussex and a small part of Surrey. Prior to its launch on 3 September 2001, most of the viewers in the region received Newsroom South East, though some had been receiving South Today.

South East Today is produced and broadcast live from the BBC's South East Regional Production Centre in Royal Tunbridge Wells with district reporters covering Brighton, Canterbury, Chatham, Dover and Hastings.
Diana Bianchedi
Diana Bianchedi (born 4 November 1969) is an Italian former fencer. She won a gold medal in the women's team foil event at the 1992 Summer Olympics and another gold in the same event at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

Foil (fencing)
A foil is one of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. It is a flexible weapon of total length 110 cm (43 in) or under, rectangular in cross section, weighing under 500 g (18 oz), with a blunt tip. As with the épée, points are only scored by making contact with the tip. The foil is the most commonly used weapon in fencing.
29th Buil Film Awards
The 29th Buil Film Awards (Korean: 제29회 부일영화상) ceremony was hosted by the Busan-based daily newspaper Busan Ilbo. It was held on October 22, 2020 at the Busan Exhibition and Convention Center in Busan. It did not invite an audience to prevent the spread of COVID-19.

Busan Exhibition and Convention Center
Busan Exhibition and Convention Center (Korean: 부산전시컨벤션센터), commonly known as BEXCO (벡스코), is a convention and exhibition center located in Centum City, Haeundae District, Busan, South Korea. It features over 46,500 m2 of exhibition space and 53 meeting rooms. In June 2012, BEXCO completed its expansion to add a 4,002-seat auditorium and a new exhibition center.

BEXCO has hosted a variety of events, notability as a concert venue for Koreans as well as international artists, such as Grammy Award winners Michael Bolton and Dr. Dre.
Gauss map
In differential geometry, the Gauss map  of a surface is a function that maps each point in the surface to its normal direction, a unit vector that is orthogonal to the surface at that point. Namely, given a surface X in Euclidean space R3, the Gauss map is a map N: X → S2 (where S2 is the unit sphere) such that  for each p in X, the function value N(p) is a unit vector orthogonal to X at p. The Gauss map is named after Carl F. Gauss.

The Gauss map can be defined (globally) if and only if the surface is orientable, in which case its degree is half the Euler characteristic. The Gauss map can always be defined locally (i.e. on a small piece of the surface). The Jacobian determinant of the Gauss map is equal to Gaussian curvature, and the differential of the Gauss map is called the shape operator.

Gauss first wrote a draft on the topic in 1825 and published in 1827.

There is also a Gauss map for a link, which computes linking number.

Euler characteristic
In mathematics, and more specifically in algebraic topology and polyhedral combinatorics, the Euler characteristic (or Euler number, or Euler–Poincaré characteristic) is a topological invariant, a number that describes a topological space's shape or structure regardless of the way it is bent. It is commonly denoted by  (Greek lower-case letter chi).

The Euler characteristic was originally defined for polyhedra and used to prove various theorems about them, including the classification of the Platonic solids. It was stated for Platonic solids in 1537 in an unpublished manuscript by Francesco Maurolico. Leonhard Euler, for whom the concept is named, introduced it for convex polyhedra more generally but failed to rigorously prove that it is an invariant. In modern mathematics, the Euler characteristic arises from homology and, more abstractly, homological algebra.
Time of Love
Time of Love (Persian: نوبت عاشقی, romanized: Nobat-e âšeqi; Turkish: Aşkın Zamanı) is a 1990 romantic drama film written and directed by Mohsen Makhmalbaf. The film consists of three episodes, all with relatively similar plots. Although categorized as an Iranian film, Time of Love was mostly shot in Istanbul, Turkey and the dialogues are both in Turkish and Persian. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1995 Cannes Film Festival.

1995 Cannes Film Festival
The 48th Cannes Film Festival took place from 17 to 28 May 1995. French actress Jeanne Moreau served as jury president for the main competition. French actress Carole Bouquet hosted the opening and closing ceremonies.

Serbian filmmaker Emir Kusturica won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for a second time with the comedy-drama film Underground.

The festival opened with The City of Lost Children by Marc Caro and Jean-Pierre Jeunet, and closed with The Quick and the Dead by Sam Raimi.
Borj Neffara
The Borj Neffara (Arabic: برج النفارة , "Tower of the Trumpeters") is a historic observation tower and landmark near the Qarawiyyin Mosque in Fes el-Bali, the old city of Fes, Morocco. It is also referred to as the Dar al-Muwaqqit (not to be confused with another Dar al-Muwaqqit inside the nearby Qarawiyyin Mosque and in other mosques).

Observation tower
An observation tower is a tower used to view events from a long distance and to create a full 360 degree range of vision to conduct long distance observations. Observation towers are usually at least 20 metres (66 ft) tall and are made from stone, iron, and wood. Many modern towers are also used as TV towers, restaurants, or churches. The towers first appeared in the ancient world, as long ago as the Babylonian Empire.

Observation towers that are used as guard posts or observation posts over an extended period to overlook an area are commonly called watchtowers instead.

Similar instances of observation towers are recognised as crow's nests, observatories, viewing platforms, etc.
Michel Lawrence
Michel Lawrence (born 1948) is an Australian writer, advertising creative director, portrait photographer and documentary director. He also produced two photographic books, Framed: Photographs of Australian Artists and All of Us, documenting the multicultural makeup of Australia.

La Trobe University
La Trobe University is a public research university based in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Its main campus is located in the suburb of Bundoora. The university was established in 1964, becoming the third university in the state of Victoria and the twelfth university in Australia. La Trobe is one of the Australian verdant universities and also part of the Innovative Research Universities group.

La Trobe's original and principal campus is located in the Melbourne metropolitan area, within the northern Melbourne suburb of Bundoora. It is the largest metropolitan campus in the country, occupying over 267 hectares (660 acres). It has two other major campuses located in the regional Victorian city of Bendigo and the twin border cities of Albury-Wodonga. There are two smaller regional campuses in Mildura and Shepparton and a city campus in Melbourne's CBD on Collins Street and in Sydney on Elizabeth Street.

La Trobe offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses across its ten schools.
Byron Keith
Byron Keith (born Cletus Leo Schwitters; November 17, 1917 – January 19, 1996) was an American actor. He also worked on radio as Clete Lee.

Keith made his film debut in the 1946 Orson Welles thriller The Stranger and appeared mostly in supporting character roles in film and television productions, including Untamed Mistress (1956), The Great Bank Robbery (1969) and Beware! The Blob (1972). He is best known for his recurring part as Gotham City's Mayor Linseed on the 1960s television series Batman. He also had a recurring role as police lieutenant Roy Gilmore in 77 Sunset Strip.

The Stranger (1946 film)
The Stranger is a 1946 American thriller film noir directed and (although uncredited) co-written by Orson Welles, starring himself along with Edward G. Robinson and Loretta Young. Welles's third completed feature film as director and his first film noir, it centers on war crimes investigator Wilson tracking high-ranking Nazi fugitive Franz Kindler to a Connecticut town. It is the first Hollywood film to present documentary footage of the Holocaust.

The film was nominated for the Golden Lion (then-called the ‘Grand International Prize’) at the 8th Venice International Film Festival. Screenwriter Victor Trivas received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Story. The film entered the public domain when its copyright was not renewed.
Edward McGillivray
Edward McGillivray (September 15, 1815 – November 24, 1885) was the second mayor of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada from 1858 to 1859.

He was born in Glengarry County in 1815, and moved to Bytown at the age 20. He opened a general store there in 1836 and was involved in the fur trade. He was an alderman on the first city council for Ottawa in 1855.

He was president of the Bytown Telegraph Company and one of the founders of the Bytown and Prescott Railway. In 1882, he became president of J.R. Booth's Canada Atlantic Railway.

He died in 1885, aged 70, and was buried in the Beechwood Cemetery.

Glengarry County
Glengarry County, an area covering 288,688 acres (1,168 km2), is a county in the province of Ontario, Canada. It is inhabited by the descendants of 18th and early 19th-century Scottish Highland pioneer settlers from Lochaber, was historically a Gàidhealtachd community, and Canadian Gaelic language revival efforts are currently taking place there. Glengarry County consists of the townships of North Glengarry and South Glengarry. It borders the Saint Lawrence River to the south, the county of Stormont and City of Cornwall to the west, the province of Quebec to the east, and the United Counties of Prescott-Russell to the north.
Politics of Hainan
The politics of Hainan Province in the People's Republic of China is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China.

The Governor of Hainan is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Hainan. However, in the province's dual party-government governing system, the Governor has less power than the Hainan Chinese Communist Party Provincial Committee Secretary, colloquially termed the "Hainan CCP Party Chief".

Liu Cigui
Liu Cigui (Chinese: 刘赐贵; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lâu Sù-kùi; born 18 September 1955) is a Chinese politician. He was the Party Secretary of Hainan from 2017 to 2020. His former positions include Governor of Hainan, Director of the State Oceanic Administration and China Coast Guard and Mayor of Xiamen and Longyan in Fujian province.
Rio Bravo (film)
Rio Bravo is a 1959 American Western film directed and produced by Howard Hawks and starring John Wayne, Dean Martin, Angie Dickinson, Ricky Nelson, Walter Brennan, and Ward Bond. Written by Jules Furthman and Leigh Brackett, based on the short story "Rio Bravo" by B.H. McCampbell, the film stars Wayne as a Texan sheriff who arrests the brother of a powerful local rancher for murder and then has to hold the man in jail until a U.S. marshal can arrive. With the help of a lame old man, a drunk, and a young gunfighter, they hold off the rancher's gang. Rio Bravo was filmed on location at Old Tucson Studios outside Tucson, Arizona, in Eastmancolor, with film processing provided by  Technicolor.

In 2014, Rio Bravo was deemed "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant" by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry.

Eastmancolor
Eastmancolor is a trade name used by Eastman Kodak for a number of related film and processing technologies associated with color motion picture production and referring to George Eastman, founder of Kodak.

Eastmancolor, introduced in 1950, was one of the first widely successful "single-strip colour" processes, and eventually displaced the more cumbersome Technicolor. Eastmancolor was known by a variety of names, such as DeLuxe Color, Warnercolor, Metrocolor, Pathécolor, Columbiacolor, and others.

For more information on Eastmancolor, see

Color motion picture film, for background on Eastmancolor and other motion picture processes in general

Eastman Kodak Fine Grain color negative films (1950 onwards), within the "List of motion picture film stocks" article
260 Days
260 Days (Croatian: 260 dana) is a 2025 Croatian-American English language war drama film based on 2011 autobiographical historical novel of the same name by Marijan Gubina, directed by Jakov Sedlar and script supervised by Barry Morrow.

Novel and the movie are based on Gubina's (born 1981) experience of captivity in Serbian concentration camp for 260 days during Croatian War of Independence, from August 1, 1991, to April 16, 1992. During his imprisonment in the camp as a 10-year-old boy, Gubina was abused, forced to collect dead bodies and witnessed his sister's, Nena, rape several times. The Croatian National Theatre in Osijek staged an award-winning play of his experience in 2014.

Đakovo
Đakovo  (pronounced [ˈdʑakɔʋɔ]; Hungarian: Diakovár, German: Diakowar, Serbian Cyrillic: Ђаково) is a town in the region of Slavonia, Croatia. Đakovo is the centre of the fertile and rich Đakovo region (Croatian: Đakovština [d͡ʑakǒːʋʃtina]).
Stereobelt
The Stereobelt was  a personal stereo player devised by Andreas Pavel, a former television executive and book editor. Pavel filed a patent of invention for his portable music player in Italy in 1977, and adopted the same protective steps in Germany, United Kingdom, United States, and Japan. He sought royalty fees and later commenced legal proceedings against Sony Corporation after the Walkman released commercially in 1979, believing the electronics manufacturer had infringed his intellectual property. Judges ruled against him, revoking the patent, stating his concept was "not significantly inventive".

Royalty payment
A royalty payment is a payment made by one party to another that owns a particular asset, for the right to ongoing use of that asset. Royalties are typically agreed upon as a percentage of gross or net revenues derived from the use of an asset or a fixed price per unit sold of an item of such, but there are also other modes and metrics of compensation. A royalty interest is the right to collect a stream of future royalty payments.

A license agreement defines the terms under which a resource or property are licensed by one party ( party means the periphery behind it) to another, either without restriction or subject to a limitation on term, business or geographic territory, type of product, etc. License agreements can be regulated, particularly where a government is the resource owner, or they can be private contracts that follow a general structure. However, certain types of franchise agreements have comparable provisions.
Dave King (novelist)
Dave King (born 1955) is an American novelist and poet who lives in Brooklyn, in New York City. He was born in 1955 in Meriden, Connecticut. His father, Henry T. King, was a U.S. prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials.

His first novel, The Ha-Ha, was published in 2005 and was named one of the best books of that year by The Washington Post, The Christian Science Monitor, and the Pittsburgh Tribune-Review. The Ha-Ha was a finalist for The Book of the Month Club's Best Literary Fiction Award and
the Quill Foundation's award for Best Debut Fiction and was named one of Amazon's Best Books of the Year (2005). The New York Times Book Review
wrote, "The Ha-Ha is full of emotional truth and establishes King as a writer of consequence."

The Christian Science Monitor
The Christian Science Monitor (CSM), commonly known as The Monitor, is a nonprofit news organization that publishes daily articles both in electronic format and a weekly print edition. It was founded in 1908 as a daily newspaper by Mary Baker Eddy, founder of the new religious movement Christian Science, Church of Christ, Scientist.

Since its founding, the newspaper has been based in Boston. Over its existence, seven Monitor journalists have been awarded the Pulitzer Prize, including Edmund Stevens  (1950), John Hughes (1968), Howard James (1968), Robert Cahn (1969), Richard Strout (1978), David S. Rohde (1996), and Clay Bennett (2002).