hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Iraq Freedom Congress
The Iraq Freedom Congress (or Iraqi Freedom Congress, IFC) is a libertarian socialist, progressive, democratic, and secularist political party. The Congress was formed in March 2005 by labor groups, women's groups, students, and neighborhood groups concerned about sectarian violence, Ba'athism, Islamism, and nationalism, as well as the post-war occupation.

The Congress has been active in protests, most recently regarding post-occupation security and checkpoint policy.

Sectarian violence in Iraq
Sectarian violence in Iraq refers to the conflict that had developed in the aftermath of the 2003 invasion of Iraq as a result of rising sectarian tensions between the different religious and ethnic groups of Iraq, most notably the conflict between extremist Shi'ite groups and extremist Sunni groups, which escalated into a full-scale civil war between 2006 until 2008, and had largely ceased following the defeat of ISIS in 2017 during the 2013–2017 war in Iraq.

According to most sources, including the CIA's World Factbook, the majority of Iraqis are Shi'i Arab Muslims amounting to around 64% to 69% of the population, whereas Sunni Muslims represent between 32% and 37% of the population. Furthermore, the Sunnis are split ethnically among Arabs, Kurds and Turkmen.
Panniculus carnosus
The panniculus carnosus is a part of the subcutaneous tissues in vertebrates. It is a layer of striated muscle deep to the panniculus adiposus. In humans, the platysma muscle of the neck, palmaris brevis in the hand, and the dartos muscle in the scrotum are described as a discrete muscle of the panniculus carnosus.  Some of the muscles of facial expression in the head are part of the panniculus carnosus.  In other parts of the body, the layer is vestigial, and may be absent or may exist only as microscopic, disconnected fibers.

In other animals, the panniculus carnosus is more extensive. For example, the panniculus carnosus in the echidna covers almost its entire body, enabling it to change its shape to a certain degree, most characteristically by rolling into a ball and presenting its spines to a potential predator.

Echidna
Echidnas (/ɪˈkɪdnəz/), sometimes known as spiny anteaters, are quill-covered monotremes (egg-laying mammals) belonging to the family Tachyglossidae /tækiˈɡlɒsɪdiː/, living in Australia and New Guinea. The four extant species of echidnas and the platypus are the only living mammals that lay eggs and the only surviving members of the order Monotremata. The diet of some species consists of ants and termites, but they are not closely related to the American true anteaters or to hedgehogs. Their young are called puggles.

Echidnas evolved between 20 and 50 million years ago and descend from an amphibious, platypus-like monotreme.
Victor Rangel-Ribeiro
Victor Rangel-Ribeiro (born 3 October 1925) is an American writer, former journalist, music conductor and editor. His is most noted as the author of Tivolem (1998), whose writing was funded by a New York Foundation for the Arts Fiction Fellowship (awarded 1991), and which was awarded the Milkweed National Fiction Prize and shortlisted for the Crossword Book Award.

Milkweed Editions
Milkweed Editions is an independent nonprofit literary publisher that originated from the Milkweed Chronicle literary and arts journal established in Minneapolis in 1979. The journal ceased and the business transitioned to publishing. It releases eighteen to twenty new books each year in the genres of fiction, nonfiction, and poetry. Milkweed Editions annually awards three prizes for poetry: the Lindquist & Vennum Prize for Poetry, the Jake Adam York Prize (in collaboration with Copper Nickel), and they are a partner publisher for the National Poetry Series. In 2016, Milkweed Editions opened an independent bookstore.
Altan (album)
Altan is the second (studio) album by Frankie Kennedy and Mairéad Ní Mhaonaigh (future founders of the Irish band Altan), originally released in 1987 by Green Linnet Records. The musicians appearing on this album are substantially those that became the early incarnation of the band Altan. The band later (retroactively) called Altan their debut album.

Green Linnet Records
Green Linnet Records was an American independent record label that specialized in Celtic music. Founded by Lisa Null and Patrick Sky as Innisfree Records in 1973, the label was initially based in Null's house in New Canaan, Connecticut. In 1975 the label became Innisfree/Green Linnet and Wendy Newton joined Null and Sky as operating officer. In 1976 Newton took over control of the now Green Linnet label, became its sole owner in 1978, and moved it to Danbury, Connecticut in 1985. Newton's love of Irish music had been sparked during a visit to Ireland where she heard traditional music for the first time in a small pub in County Clare.
Jonna Tilgner
Jonna Valesca Tilgner (born November 18, 1984, in Hannover, Lower Saxony) is a German sprinter and hurdler, who specialized in the 400 metres. She won two medals, silver and bronze, in the women's 400 m hurdles at the 2007 Summer Universiade in Bangkok, Thailand, and at the 2009 Summer Universiade in Belgrade, Serbia, clocking at 56.27 and 56.02 seconds, respectively. Tilgner is also a member of Bremer Leichtathletik Team, and is coached and trained by Jens Ellrott.

Tilgner competed for the women's 4 × 400 m relay at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, along with her teammates Claudia Hoffmann, Florence Ekpo-Umoh, and Sorina Nwachukwu. Running the start-off leg, Tilgner recorded her individual-split time of 53.12 seconds, and the German team went on to an eighth-place finish in the final, for a total time of 3:28.45.

Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 400 metres relay
The women's 4 × 400 metres relay event at the 2008 Olympic Games took place on 22 and 23 August at the Beijing Olympic Stadium.

There were only 16 NOCs competing at this event. These 16 NOCs were selected by the average of the two best marks at the qualifying period.

In 2016, it was announced that a reanalysis of samples from the 2008 Summer Olympics resulted in a doping violation by Tatyana Firova. Accordingly, the Russian team was disqualified, and the Russian team were stripped of their 4 × 400 m relay silver medals. 4th placed Belarus was also disqualified due to a doping violation by anchor runner Sviatlana Usovich. Medals of the other teams have been reallocated by the IAAF.
Nirgul tablet
The Nirgul tablet (also known as The Kerberos Relief or The Relief Image of Hades) is an ancient Mesopotamian relief carving of the deity Nergal found in the city of Hatra in Iraq, dating to the first or second century AD.

The tablet was recovered from a room in the First Temple at the site where it had been encased in a wall.
Alongside the figure of Nirgul, a seated female figure is thought to depict the goddess Al-Lat.

The tablet was destroyed in May 2015, by Islamic State militants, when they ransacked the Mosul Museum. Subsequently the tablet was digitally recreated using photogrammetry  and various photographs as part of Project Mosul.

Mosul Museum
The Mosul Museum (Arabic: متحف الموصل) is the second largest museum in Iraq after the National Museum of Iraq in Baghdad. It was heavily looted during the 2003 Iraq War. Founded in 1952, the museum consisted of a small hall until a new building was opened in 1972, containing ancient Assyrian artifacts. The museums net worth and content value are around 50 to 80 to 250 million according to museum specialists during 2013 at least. Hikmat Al-Aswad was the director from 2004 to 2011. The current director is Zaid Ghazi Saadallah.
What Just Happened??! with Fred Savage
What Just Happened??! with Fred Savage (or What Just Happened??!) is an American parody television series hosted by Fred Savage. It is presented as the aftershow of a fictional drama series, The Flare.  The series is co-hosted by Taylor Tomlinson. It premiered on June 30, 2019, on Fox.

A press release in August 2019 by Fox's Entertainment President, Michael Thorn, stated that according to low ratings, a second season of the series was highly unlikely, rendering it as a de facto cancellation.

Taylor Tomlinson
Taylor Elyse Tomlinson (born November 4, 1993) is an American stand-up comedian. She has released four Netflix stand-up specials: Quarter-Life Crisis (2020), Look At You (2022), Have It All (2024) and Prodigal Daughter (2026). She hosted the CBS late-night show After Midnight, which ran from January 2024 through June 2025.
Dolenc
Dolenc is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cindy Dolenc (born 1976), Canadian actress

Daniel Dolenc (born 1993), Finnish basketball player

Jure Dolenc (1908–1963), American actor known as George Dolenz

Marko Dolenc (born 1972), Slovene biathlete

Mate Dolenc (born 1945), Slovene writer

Daniel Dolenc
Daniel Emil-Luciano Dolenc (born 10 August 1993) is a Finnish professional basketball player. Dolenc started playing basketball in youth teams of Espoo Basket Team, continuing his senior career in 2010 with Tapiolan Honka, competing in Finnish first-tier Korisliiga.
Beyond Good
Beyond Good, formerly known as Madécasse, is a Brooklyn-based chocolate and vanilla company. It was established in 2008 by Brett Beach and Tim McCollum. The company sells a range of single-origin chocolate bars and vanilla products sourced from the island of Madagascar. All of their cocoa is certified direct trade and is sourced directly from Malagasy and Ugandan cocoa farmers. For several years, Beyond Good worked with a local chocolate producer in Antananarivo before moving its production facility to Madagascar and Europe.

Direct trade
Direct trade is a form of sourcing practiced by certain coffee roasters, chocolate makers, tea sellers, gemologists and more who build direct relationships with the farmers, artisanal miners and processors who sell their products. There is no single set of direct trade standards, and specific trade practices vary as a reflection of business and ethical priorities of the roaster or maker. Generally speaking, however, direct trade practitioners view their model as one of mutually-beneficial and transparent trade relationships.
PTK Toolkit
PTK is a 2D rendering engine and SDK developed by Phelios, Inc., that allows computer programmers create downloadable games in C++ that are portable to Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X. It is currently used by about 60 downloadable games  It is mainly known for powering breakaway casual hits from funpause and Big Fish Games, such as Azada, Atlantis, Atlantis Sky Patrol, Mystic Inn and Fairies.

Atlantis Sky Patrol
Atlantis Sky Patrol is a tile-matching puzzle video game developed by the team formerly known as Funpause, now part of Big Fish Studios, and distributed by Big Fish Games. The game is a sequel to 2005's Atlantis.
Lone Tree Community School District
The Lone Tree Community School District, or Lone Tree Schools, is a rural public school district headquartered in Lone Tree, Iowa.

The Elementary, Middle, and High School are all located in one building on Main Street in Lone Tree.   Their rival in sports is neighboring school Highland.

The district is mostly in Johnson County, with a small area in Louisa County, and serves Lone Tree and the surrounding rural areas.

Louisa County, Iowa
Louisa County (/luˈaɪzə/ loo-EYE-zə) is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,837. The county seat and the largest city is Wapello.

Louisa County is part of the Muscatine Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Toda Katsushige
Toda Katsushige (戸田 勝成, 1557 – October 21, 1600) or Toda Shigemasa was a daimyō in Sengoku and Azuchi–Momoyama periods. 
At first, Shigemasa served Niwa Nagahide. 
In 1585, after Nagahide died, Shigemasa served Toyotomi Hideyoshi and was given 10,000 koku at Echizen Province.

He took part in the expedition to Kyūshū in 1586, the siege of Odawara in 1590, and the Battle of Bunroku in 1592.

In 1600, he took part in Ishida Mitsunari's force at the Battle of Sekigahara. He fought under the command of Ōtani Yoshitsugu. However, he died in the battle since Kobayakawa Hideaki, Wakisaka Yasuharu, and others betrayed him.

According to one estimate, including those taking part in Tokugawa Ieyasu's force, many people regretted Shigemasa's death because of his strength, and he had been respected by many daimyos.

Kobayakawa Hideaki
Kobayakawa Hideaki (小早川 秀秋) (1577 – December 1, 1602) was the fifth son of Kinoshita Iesada and a nephew of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. He was gained the rank of Saemon no Kami (左衛門督) or in China Shikkingo (執金吾) at genpuku and held the court title of Chūnagon (中納言), Hideaki was also called Kingo Chūnagon (金吾中納言).
Najma Chowdhury
Najma Chowdhury (26 February 1942 – 8 August 2021) was a Bangladeshi academic. She served as the adviser to the Habib administration.

She was a pioneer in establishing women's studies in Bangladesh. She founded the Women and Gender Studies department of the University of Dhaka in 2000. She was an adviser to the first caretaker government in 1996. She was awarded the Ekushey Padak, Bangladesh's second-highest civilian honour, for research in 2008.

Adviser (Bangladesh)
Adviser (Bengali: উপদেষ্টা), also spelt Advisor, refers to a government official who oversees one or more government ministries in the interim and caretaker government systems of Bangladesh. An adviser has the status equivalent to the Minister of an elected government. During an interim government, several advisers and the Chief Adviser forms the cabinet instead of Prime Minister and ministers. Usually people who serves as adviser in an interim government in Bangladesh are politically nonpartisan.
Oltion Luli
Oltion Luli (born 18 August 1969 in Shkodër) is an Albanian former athlete, who competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in the Men's 100m. He finished 8th in his heat and failed to advance.

He was the Prefect of Shkodra region in 2005.
He is member of Shkodra Municipality Council.
On 19 June 2023 Oltion Luli is elected President of the Shkodra City Council.

Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres
The men's 100 metres at the 2000 Summer Olympics as part of the athletics program were held at the Stadium Australia from 22 to 23 September. Ninety-seven athletes from 71 nations competed. Each nation was limited to 3 athletes per rules in force since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by American Maurice Greene, the United States's first title in the event since 1988 and 15th overall. Ato Boldon of Trinidad and Tobago improved on his 1996 bronze with a silver in Sydney. Obadele Thompson won the first-ever medal in the men's 100 metres for Barbados with bronze.
Smart Networks
Smart Networks (Russian: "Умные сети" (Russian pronunciation: [ʊˈmnɨɪ ˈsʲetʲɪ]))  is a Belarusian project which was designed to search for, select and teach young analysts for the state administration. The project was initiated by the Informational-Analytical Center under the Administration of President of the Republic of Belarus, the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Belarus, the Republican Institute of Higher Education, Belarusian State University and Minsk State Linguistic University. In October 2012, the project began with the formations of an analytical community of 150 young people.

Belarusian State University
The Belarusian State University (BSU) (Belarusian: Белару́скі дзяржа́ўны ўніверсітэ́т, romanized: Biełaruski dziaržaŭny ŭniviersitet, Belarusian pronunciation: [bʲelaˈruskʲi d͡zʲarˈʒawnɨ wnʲivʲersʲiˈtɛt]; Russian: Белору́сский госуда́рственный университе́т) is a university in Minsk, Belarus. It was founded on October 30, 1921.
Fonjallaz (vineyard)
Fonjallaz is a traditional winery in Epesses, Switzerland, the family business founded in 1552.

The basic facts:

The region was used for the wine production from 12th century, when Bishop of Lausanne gave uncultivated soil to Cistercian monks.

In 1552, the Fonjallaz family started the viticulture tradition.

Today the winery is managed by Patrick Fonjallaz in the 12th family generation.

The vineyard area is about 34 hectares and the slope is 30-50 percent.

Epesses
Epesses is a former municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud, located in the district of Lavaux-Oron on Lake Geneva. It is noted for its wine production.

The municipalities of Cully, Epesses, Grandvaux, Riex and Villette (Lavaux) merged on 1 July 2011 into the new municipality of Bourg-en-Lavaux.
Thomas Mills (printer)
Thomas Mills  (c. 1735–1820) was an English printer who established a business in Vine Street Bristol during the seventeenth century. He became a Quaker in 1778, but they later disowned him in 1789.

Mills was one of a group of Bristol Behmenists who preserved the manuscripts of William Law and Dionysius Andreas Freher.

His daughter, Selina Mills, married Zachary Macaulay.

Dionysius Andreas Freher
Dionysius Andreas Freher (12 September 1649 – 5 December 1728) was a Christian mystical and alchemical writer, most famous for his extensive commentaries on Jacob Boehme. He was born in Germany but spent most of his life in London, England.
Ludwig (2024 TV series)
Ludwig is a British detective dramedy television series starring David Mitchell and Anna Maxwell Martin. It premiered on BBC One on 25 September 2024.

In October 2024, the BBC announced that a second series of Ludwig had been commissioned, with Mitchell and Martin reprising their respective roles.

Allan Mustafa
Allan Kamal Arif Mustafa (born 29 September 1985), also known by his nickname Seapa, is a British actor, comedian and writer who is best known for portraying Anthony "MC Grindah" Zografos in the BBC mockumentary series People Just Do Nothing, which he co-created and co-wrote with Steve Stamp, Hugo Chegwin and Asim Chaudhry.
2016–17 Cypriot Futsal Cup
The 2016–17 season of the Cypriot Futsal Cup is the 18th season of top-tier futsal in Cyprus. The regular season started on October 23, 2016, and will conclude in April 2017. The championship playoffs will follow the end of the regular season.

APOEL was the defending champions, winning its third title overall and in a row.

APOEL Futsal
APOEL Futsal is a professional futsal team based in the city of Nicosia, Cyprus and it is a part of the APOEL multi-sport club. APOEL is one of the most successful futsal clubs in Cyprus with an overall tally of  6 Championships, 5 Cups and 1 Super Cup.
Campel
Campel (French pronunciation: [kɑ̃pɛl]; Breton: Kempel; Gallo: Caunpèu) is a former commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department in Brittany in northwestern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Val d'Anast.

Brittany (administrative region)
Brittany (French: Bretagne [bʁətaɲ] ⓘ; Breton: Breizh [brɛjs]; Gallo: Bertaèyn [bəʁtaɛɲ]) is an administrative region of Metropolitan France, comprising the departments of Côtes-d'Armor, Finistère, Ille-et-Vilaine, and Morbihan. Its capital and largest city is Rennes.

Bordered by the English Channel to the north, the Celtic Sea to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) to the south, Brittany's neighboring regions are Normandy to the northeast and Pays de la Loire to the southeast. It is one of two regions in Metropolitan France where all departments have direct access to the sea, the other being Corsica.

The region of Brittany is sometimes referred to as "administrative Brittany" in contrast to "historical Brittany" or "cultural Brittany", which also includes the Loire-Atlantique and whose potential reunification with the administrative region has been a subject of debate for decades.
Jan Wilkens
Jan Wilkens (born 4 February 1945 in Johannesburg) is a retired South African professional wrestler who is a former South African Heavyweight Champion and six-time EWU World Super Heavyweight Champion.

Seiji Sakaguchi
Seiji Sakaguchi (坂口征二, Sakaguchi Seiji, born February 17, 1942) is a Japanese retired professional wrestler and judoka, Sakaguchi holds a 7th dan red and white belt in judo. Sakaguchi was a mainstay of New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) and also competed for the World Wide Wrestling Federation and the National Wrestling Alliance. His sons are professional wrestler and mixed martial arts fighter Yukio Sakaguchi and television actor Kenji Sakaguchi. Sakaguchi currently works for New Japan as an advisor.
Thomas J. Oakley
Thomas Jackson Oakley (November 10, 1783 – May 11, 1857) was a New York attorney, politician, and judge.  He served as a United States representative from 1813 to 1815, and from 1827 to 1828, and as New York State Attorney General from 1819 to 1821.

Union College
Union College is a private liberal arts college in Schenectady, New York, United States. Founded in 1795, it was the first institution of higher learning chartered by the New York State Board of Regents, and second in the state of New York, after Columbia College. In the 19th century, it became known as the "Mother of Fraternities", because three of the earliest Greek-letter fraternities were established there. Union began enrolling women in 1970, after 175 years as an all-male institution. The college offers a liberal arts curriculum across 21 academic departments, including ABET-accredited engineering degree programs.
Protected areas of Georgia (U.S. state)
The protected areas of Georgia cover almost one million acres (4,000 km2) of the state. These areas are managed by different federal and state level authorities and receive varying levels of protection. Some areas are managed as wilderness while others are operated with acceptable commercial exploitation. On the Federal level, Georgia contains 1 Biosphere Reserve, 15 National Park Service Managed Sites, 1 National Forest and 8 Wildlife Refuges. Georgia is home to 63 state parks, 48 of which are state parks and 15 that are National Historic Sites, and many state wildlife preserves, under the supervision of the Georgia Department of Parks and Recreation, a division of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources.

Wolf Island National Wildlife Refuge
Wolf Island National Wildlife Refuge, located approximately 12 miles (19 km) off the coast of Darien, Georgia, in McIntosh County, was established on April 3, 1930 to provide protection and habitat for migratory birds. The barrier island refuge consists of Wolf Island and two smaller islands, Egg and Little Egg. Over 75% of the refuge's 5,126 acres (20.74 km2) are composed of saltwater marsh.

Wolf Island NWR was designated a Wilderness Area in 1975 and is maintained as such, with its primary purpose being to provide protection for migratory birds and such endangered and threatened species as the loggerhead sea turtle and piping plover. Due to its status as a wilderness area, no public use facilities are planned on the refuge. The refuge's salt waters are open to a variety of recreational activities such as fishing and crabbing, but all beach, marsh, and upland areas are closed to the public.
Edward Frederick Anderson
Edward Frederick Anderson (Covina, California, June 17, 1932 – March 29, 2001) was an American botanist who conducted extensive explorations in Mexico.

He was a leading specialist in the cactus family. He was Senior Research Botanist at the Desert Botanical Garden, Phoenix. He chaired the International Organization for Succulent Plant Study. He was a member of the Cactus and Succulent Society of America and the Linnean Society of London. He was emeritus professor of biology at Whitman College, where he taught for three decades.

He collected Jasminocereus thouarsii.

Whitman College
Whitman College is a private liberal arts college in Walla Walla, Washington. The school offers 53 majors and 33 minors in the liberal arts, and it has a student-to-faculty ratio of 9:1.

Founded as a seminary by a territorial legislative charter in 1859, the school became a four-year degree-granting institution in 1882 and abandoned its religious affiliation in 1907. It is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities and competes athletically in the NCAA Division III as a member of the Northwest Conference.