hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John I, Marquis of Namur
John I (1267 – 31 January 1330) was the count of Namur from 1305 to 1330. He was a member of the House of Dampierre, the son of Guy of Dampierre, Count of Flanders and Marquis of Namur, and his second wife Isabelle of Luxembourg. John was the father of Blanche of Namur, Queen of Sweden and Norway. He was the elder brother of Guy of Namur, whom he sent to command the Flemish rebels against the French Kingdom in the 1302 Battle of the Golden Spurs.

County of Namur
The County of Namur (Dutch: Namen) was a county of the Holy Roman Empire with its military and administrative capital at the town of Namur, at the merging of the Sambre and Meuse rivers in what is now French-speaking Belgium. Under this name it existed from about 990 until about 1790.

Like most of what is now Belgium, during the 15th century the County of Namur became part of the Burgundian Netherlands, which subsequently became a possession of the kings of Spain, and later of Austria. Like its neighbours, the county ceased to exist during the French Revolution, when the entire region was conquered by the revolutionary French Republic.

The modern Belgian province of Namur is larger than the old county. The boundaries of the province are based upon those of the French départment of Sambre-et-Meuse, and stretch further eastwards and southwards.
Kim O'Keeffe
Kim O'Keeffe is an Australian politician belonging to the Nationals who is the current member for the district of Shepparton in the Victorian Legislative Assembly. She won the seat in the 2022 state election over Suzanna Sheed.

Prior to her running for state parliament, she was the mayor of the City of Greater Shepparton.

Victorian National Party
The Victorian National Party, officially known as the National Party of Australia – Victoria, is an Australian political party that serves as the state branch of the federal National Party in Victoria. It represents graziers, farmers, miners and rural voters.

It began as a political activity of the Victorian Farmer's Union, which became involved in state politics in 1916. It was then known as the Country Party for many years, until becoming "The Nationals" in 1975.

In state parliament it is presently the junior partner in a centre-right Coalition with the Liberal Party, forming a joint Opposition bench. The party's leader Danny O'Brien serves as deputy opposition leader, while in government the party's leader serves as Deputy Premier of Victoria.
Cardinham
Cardinham (Cornish: Kardhinan) is a civil parish and a village in mid Cornwall, England. The village is approximately three-and-a-half miles (6 km) east-northeast of Bodmin. The hamlets of Fletchersbridge, Millpool, Milltown, Mount, Old Cardinham Castle and Welltown are in the parish.

Large areas, which were once deciduous woodland, are now plantations of conifers known as Cardinham Woods and managed by Forestry England. Edmund John Glynn, of Glynn House in the parish, rebuilt the house at Glynn in 1805 (it has a front of nine bays and a portico).

Feudal barony of Cardinham
The Feudal barony of Cardinham (or Honour of Cardinham) is one of the three feudal baronies in Cornwall which existed during the medieval era. Its caput was at Cardinham Castle, Cornwall. The Barony was held in recent times by the Vivian family, the last being Nicholas Vivian, 6th Baron Vivian. Brigadier Nicholas Crespigny Laurence Vivian, 6th Baron Vivian (11 December 1935 - 28 February 2004), conveyed the title to John Anthony Vincent of Edifici Maxim's, Carrer General, Arsinal, Principat Andora, in 1995. Mr. Vincent was a member of the Manorial Society of Great Britain and died in Douglas, Isle of Man, on 31 March 2018. The Barony was then conveyed after the probate of his estate to an American citizen on 25 May 2019.
Graham Wilson (cricketer)
Graham Bradley Wilson (born 17 November 1970) is a former English cricketer.  Wilson was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper.  He was born in Scunthorpe, Lincolnshire.

Wilson made his debut for Lincolnshire in the 1994 Minor Counties Championship against Hertfordshire.  Wilson played Minor counties cricket for Lincolnshire from 1994 to 1996, which included 15 Minor Counties Championship matches and 2 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his only List A appearance against Gloucestershire in the 1996 NatWest Trophy. In this match, he was dismissed for a single run by Mark Alleyne, while behind the stumps he took 2 catches and made 2 stumpings.

Stump (cricket)
In cricket, the stumps are the three vertical posts that support the bails and form the wicket. Stumping or being stumped is a method of dismissing a batsman.

The umpire calling stumps means the play is over for the day.
Kimberley Ashton
Kimberley Garrett (née Ashton; born 21 August 1987), also known as Kim Garrett, is a triathlete, cyclist and former badminton player from Jersey. She represented Jersey in badminton at the 2010 Commonwealth Games and cycling at the 2018 Commonwealth Games. She has also competed at the Island Games. Kim achieved podium finishes in triathlon at the 2023 Island Games.

Cycling at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
Cycling at the 2018 Commonwealth Games was held at the Currumbin Beachfront (road), Nerang National Park (mountain biking), both of which are located in the Gold Coast and Anna Meares Velodrome (track, located in Brisbane) from 5 to 14 April.

A total of 26 events were held: 4 in road cycling, 2 in mountain biking and 20 in track cycling (including four events in para-track cycling). The 26 events were evenly split between men and women. This was done after the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) added more women's events in October 2016, to make the games a gender-equal games in terms of overall medal events.
Salix commutata
Salix commutata, the undergreen willow, is a plant species native to western Canada and the north-western United States. It has been reported from Alaska, Yukon, the Northwest Territories, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Montana, Idaho. Washington and Oregon. It grows on rocky alpine and subalpine slopes, conifer forests, stream banks, bogs, etc.

Salix commutata is a shrub up to 3 m tall. Leaves are elliptic to ovate, up to 10 cm long, sometimes with a few teeth, both sides with some white hairs but not glaucous (waxy).

Alpine tundra
Alpine tundra is a type of natural region or biome that does not contain trees because it is at high elevation, with an associated harsh climate. As the latitude of a location approaches the poles, the threshold elevation for alpine tundra gets lower until it reaches sea level and merges with polar tundra.

The high elevation causes an adverse climate, which is too cold and windy to support tree growth. Alpine tundra transitions to sub-alpine forests below the tree line; stunted forests occurring at the forest-tundra ecotone are known as krummholz. With increasing elevation it ends at the snow line where snow and ice persist through summer.

Alpine tundra occurs in mountains worldwide. The flora of the alpine tundra is characterized by dwarf shrubs close to the ground. The cold climate of the alpine tundra is caused by adiabatic cooling of air, and is similar to polar climate.
Moscow City Duma District 37
Moscow City Duma District 37 is one of 45 constituencies in Moscow City Duma. Currently the district covers outer New Moscow, including all of Troitsky Administrative Okrug and parts of Novomoskovsky Administrative Okrug.

The district has been represented since 2024 by United Russia deputy Valery Golovchenko, a two-term member and transportation executive, who was redistricted from District 39.

Moscow City Duma
55°45′52″N 37°37′02″E﻿ / ﻿55.764503°N 37.61722°E﻿ / 55.764503; 37.61722

The Moscow City Duma (Russian: Московская городская дума, romanized: Moskovskaya gorodskaya duma, commonly abbreviated to Мосгордума, Mosgorduma) is the regional parliament (city duma) of Moscow, a federal subject and the capital city of Russia. As Moscow is one of three federal cities, the city duma's legislation can only be overridden by the mayor and the federal government.
AK3L1
Adenylate kinase isoenzyme 4, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AK4 gene.

This gene encodes a member of the adenylate kinase family of enzymes. The encoded protein is localized to the mitochondrial matrix. Adenylate kinases regulate the adenine and guanine nucleotide compositions within a cell by catalyzing the reversible transfer of phosphate group among these nucleotides. Five isozymes of adenylate kinase have been identified in vertebrates. Expression of these isozymes is tissue-specific and developmentally regulated. A pseudogene for this gene has been located on chromosome 17. Three transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified for this gene. Sequence alignment suggests that the gene defined by NM_013410, NM_203464, and NM_001005353 is located on chromosome 1.  Expression of AK4 may regulate global cellular ATP levels and modulate the AMPK signaling pathway.

Isozyme
In biochemistry, isozymes (also known as isoenzymes or more generally as multiple forms of enzymes or isoforms) are enzymes that differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same chemical reaction.  Isozymes usually have different kinetic parameters (e.g. different KM values), or are regulated differently.  They permit the fine-tuning of metabolism to meet the particular needs of a given tissue or developmental stage.

In many cases, isozymes are encoded by homologous genes that have diverged over time.  Strictly speaking, enzymes with different amino acid sequences that catalyse the same reaction are isozymes if encoded by different genes, or allozymes if encoded by different alleles of the same gene; the two terms are often used interchangeably.
Francisco de Borja Queipo de Llano, 8th Count of Toreno
H.E. Don Francisco de Borja Queipo de Llano y Gayoso de los Cobos, Grandee of Spain, 8th Count of Toreno and 8th Viscount of Matarrosa (6 November 1840 – 31 January 1890) was a Spanish noble and politician. He served as Minister of State between 1875 and 1879, and was also appointed Mayor of Madrid. His father was President of Spain and his great-grandmother was the Princess of Anglona of the Borja family. He is named after his ancestor Francisco de Borja y Aragon, great-grandson of both Pope Alexander VI and King Ferdinand II of Aragon. His descendants are also the Count of Toreno, Marquess of Guadiaro, Count of Casares, Count of Belalcazar, Countess of San Martín de Quiroga, Viscount of Valoria, Duke of Monteagudo, Count of Mayorga, Count of San Martín de Quiroga, and Viscount of Matarrosa.

Belalcázar, Spain
Belalcázar is a municipality and city in the province of Córdoba, Andalusia, southern Spain. Belalcázar s located approximately 100 km from Córdoba city.

Belalcázar is well-known by its cultural heritage: two castles, the convent of Santa Clara, the church of Santiago, the Roman bridge, or the city hall among others.
Oblique muscle
Several muscles in the human body may be referred to as an oblique muscle:

Abdominal wall
Abdominal external oblique muscle
Abdominal internal oblique muscle

Extraocular muscles
Inferior oblique muscle
Superior oblique muscle

Oblique muscle of auricle, part of the outer ear

Superior oblique muscle
The superior oblique muscle or obliquus oculi superior is a fusiform muscle originating in the upper, medial side of the orbit (i.e. from beside the nose) which abducts, depresses and internally rotates the eye. It is the only extraocular muscle innervated by the trochlear nerve (the fourth cranial nerve).
2020 Ligue de Football de Saint Pierre et Miquelon
The 2020 Ligue de Football de Saint Pierre et Miquelon was the 35th season of top-division football in Saint Pierre and Miquelon. Three clubs competed in the league: AS Saint Pierraise, A.S. Miquelonnaise and A.S. Ilienne Amateur. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the season was truncated to 12 matches instead of 16. The season began on 27 June 2020 instead of its normal May beginning and concluded on 19 September 2020.

Miquelonnaise won the championship, earning their first title since 2008.

AS Saint Pierraise
Association Sportive Saint-Pierraise or ASSP, is a Saint Pierre and Miquelon football club. Founded in 1903, the club is the oldest football team on the island. The club plays their home fixtures at Stade Léonce Claireaux. Its official colours are green and white.

The club advanced to the third round of the 2018–19 Coupe de France, the first edition of the tournament to feature a team from Saint Pierre and Miquelon. The team was eventually eliminated by a narrow 1–2 defeat to ALC Longvic of the Ligue Bourgogne-Franche-Comté dE Football (VII). Maël Kello made history as the first Saint Pierre and Miquelon player to score in the tournament. The club has also competed in the Coupe de Normandie.
Dr. Buck–Stevens House
The Dr. Buck–Stevens House, also known as the Octagon House is an historic octagonal house located on West Main Street in Brasher Falls, in the town of Brasher, St. Lawrence County, New York. It was built between 1855 and 1857 by Dr. Nathan Buck and his wife Elmira, who lived in it until 1867; John Stevens was one of many later owners.  It is a two-story residence on a raised basement.   It is constructed of stuccoed concrete rusticated to resemble cut stone masonry.  It has a two-story portico and is topped by a cupola.: 5

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

St. Lawrence County, New York
St. Lawrence County is the northernmost county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 108,505. The county seat is Canton.
The county is named for the Saint Lawrence River. This was as named by early French explorer Jacques Cartier for the Christian saint Lawrence of Rome, as he visited the river on the saint's feast day. The county is part of the North Country region of the state.

St. Lawrence County comprises the Ogdensburg-Massena, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area and is New York's largest county by area.
Seán Carroll
Seán Carroll (20 January 1892 – 1 February 1954) was an Irish politician. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann as a Sinn Féin Teachta Dála (TD) for the Limerick constituency at the 1923 general election.  He did not take his seat in the Dáil due to Sinn Féin's abstentionist policy.

He did not contest the June 1927 general election. He stood as a Clann na Poblachta candidate at the 1948 general election for the Limerick East constituency but was not elected.

Clann na Poblachta
Clann na Poblachta (Irish: [ˈklˠaːn̪ˠ n̪ˠə ˈpˠɔbˠlˠəxt̪ˠə]; "Family/Children of the Republic") was an Irish republican political party founded in 1946 by Seán MacBride, a former Chief of Staff of the anti-Treaty Irish Republican Army (IRA).
ChromaFlair
ChromaFlair is a pigment used in paint systems, primarily for automobiles.  When the paint is applied, it changes color depending on the light source and viewing angle.  It was created at Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. (OCLI) [later JDS Uniphase and Viavi Solutions] in 1979 and is used by DuPont (sold to the Carlyle Group and rebranded as Axalta Coating Systems), Cande Shop, and PPG.

The Carlyle Group
The Carlyle Group Inc. is an American multinational company with operations in private equity, alternative asset management and financial services. As of 2023, the company had $426 billion of assets under management.

Carlyle specializes in private equity, real assets, and private credit. One of the world's largest investment firms, it ranked first among private equity firms by capital raised from 2010-2015, according to the PEI 300 index. In June 2024, it ranked sixth in Private Equity International's PEI 300 ranking among the world's largest private equity firms.

Founded in 1987 in Washington, D.C., the company has nearly 2,200 employees in 28 offices on four continents as of December 2023. On May 3, 2012, Carlyle completed a US$700 million initial public offering and began trading on the NASDAQ stock exchange.
3rd: Love Escalation!
3rd ~Love Escalation!~ (3rd～LOVEエスカレーション!～, Sādo ~Rabu Esukarēshon~) is the third album from the Japanese girl idol group Cute. It was released in regular and limited editions on March 12, 2008 on the Zetima Records label. The regular has catalogue number EPCE-5547 and the limited edition, which includes a bonus DVD, has catalogue number EPCE-5545~46.

The album debuted at number 10 in the Oricon Weekly Albums Chart, staying in the chart for 4 weeks.

As of 2011, it still remains C-ute's best selling album.

Up-Front Group
Up-Front Group Co., Ltd. (株式会社アップフロントグループ, Kabushiki gaisha Appu-Furonto Gurūpu) is a Japanese holding company for various entertainment companies. Its subsidiaries include the talent agency Up-Front Promotion and Up-Front Works, a music production and sales company that manages such record labels as Zetima, Piccolo Town, and Hachama.
Canyon Road
Canyon Road (formerly known as Great Plank Road) is a 6.5 mi (10.5 km) major road and partial state highway, which serves as a connector between Beaverton and Portland, Oregon, United States. It was the first major road constructed between the Tualatin Valley and Portland, and has contributed significantly to Portland becoming the area's major deep water port, and subsequent early growth of the city.
The total modern length is 6.5 miles (10.5 km), and 2.7 miles (4.3 km) of the route is coterminous with U.S. Route 26. In addition, the segment of the road signed as Oregon Route 8 under the name Canyon Road spans for 3.8 miles (6.1 km). There is an additional, small portion of a driveway in the Oregon Zoo parking lot that is also named Canyon Road; this is a continuation of a local suburban street named Canyon Court.

Special route
In road transportation in the United States, a special route is a road in a numbered highway system that diverts a specific segment of related traffic away from another road. They are featured in many highway systems; most are found in the Interstate Highway System, U.S. highway system, and several state highway systems. Each type of special route possesses generally defined characteristics and has a defined relationship with its parent route. Typically, special routes share a route number with a dominant route, often referred as the "parent" or "mainline", and are given either a descriptor which may be used either before or after the route name, such as Alternate or Business, or a letter suffix that is attached to the route number. For example, an alternate route of U.S. Route 1 may be called "Alternate U.S. Route 1", "U.S. Route 1 Alternate", or "U.S. Route 1A". Occasionally, a special route will have both a descriptor and a suffix, such as U.S. Route 1A Business.
Thelypodium integrifolium
Thelypodium integrifolium is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common names entireleaved thelypody and foxtail thelypodium. It is native to much of the western United States, including the Great Basin and surrounding plateaus and deserts.

It occurs in several types of habitat, often growing in sandy, mineral-rich, and alkaline soils, such as those on playas.

Alkali soil
Alkali, or  alkaline, soils are clay soils with high pH (greater than 8.5), a poor soil structure and a low infiltration capacity. Often they have a hard calcareous layer at 0.5 to 1 metre depth. Alkali soils owe their unfavorable physico-chemical properties mainly to the dominating presence of sodium carbonate, which causes the soil to swell and to be difficult to clarify/settle. They derive their name from the alkali metal group of elements, to which sodium belongs, and which can induce basicity. Sometimes these soils are also referred to as alkaline sodic soils.
Hong Kong–Macau Ferry Terminal
The Hong Kong–Macau Ferry Terminal is a ferry terminal and heliport located in Sheung Wan on Hong Kong Island. It is also known as the Macau Ferry Terminal, the Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Pier or the Shun Tak Heliport, and has an ICAO code of VHST.

The terminal is one of the several in Hong Kong that provide ferry services to Macau and cities in southern China. Scheduled helicopter service is provided to Macau, with charter services to other regional destinations.

The terminal is located immediately to the west of Hong Kong's main business district, on the north shore of Hong Kong Island. It is connected to the territory's Mass Transit Railway, and well served by other forms of public transport. The terminal forms part of the Shun Tak Centre, a commercial and transport complex.

Northern and southern China
Northern China (Chinese: 中国北方 or 中国北部; lit. 'China's North') and southern China (Chinese: 中国南方 or 中国南部; lit. 'China's South') are two approximate regions that display certain differences in terms of their geography, demographics, economy, and culture.
Culture of Pittsburgh
The culture of Pittsburgh stems from the city's long history as a center for cultural philanthropy, as well as its rich ethnic traditions.  In the 19th and 20th centuries, wealthy businessmen such as Andrew Carnegie, Henry J. Heinz, Henry Clay Frick, and nonprofit organizations such as the Carnegie Foundation donated millions of dollars to create educational and cultural institutions.

Squirrel Hill
Squirrel Hill is a residential neighborhood in the East End of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The city officially divides it into two neighborhoods, Squirrel Hill North and Squirrel Hill South, but it is almost universally treated as a single neighborhood.
Markup
Markup or mark-up can refer to:

Markup language, a standardized set of notations used to annotate a plain-text document's content to give information regarding the structure of the text or instructions for how it is to be displayed
Lightweight markup language, notation that adds basic markup to a client

Markup rule in economics, a formula for the ratio of a monopolist's chosen price to its marginal cost

Markup (business) a term in retail business describing the increase in the price of goods to cover expenses and create a profit margin

Markup (legislation), the process to amend bills

The Markup, American nonprofit organization publishing data-driven journalism

The Markup
The Markup is an American nonprofit news publication focused on the impact of technology on society. Founded in 2018 with the goal of advancing data-driven journalism, the publication launched in February 2020. Nabiha Syed is the current chief executive officer and Sisi Wei is the editor-in-chief.
Kotelny Island
Kotelny Island (Russian: Остров Котельный, romanized: Ostrov Kotelny; Yakut: Олгуйдаах Aрыы, romanized: Olguydaax Arııta) is part of the Anzhu Islands subgroup of the New Siberian Islands located between the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea in the Russian Arctic. It is administratively and municipally part of Bulunsky District of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Kotelny, Faddeyevsky and Bunge Land are usually named as separate islands on most 20th century maps, although sometimes on the newest maps the name "Kotelny" is applied to the whole island. A flat, low-lying, plain connecting both is known as Bunge Land (Russian: Земля Бунге).

The total area of Kotelny Island is 23,165 km2. Kotelny is one of the 50 largest islands in the world.

Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.