hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St Mary's Church, Pateley Bridge
St Mary's Church is a ruined Anglican church in Pateley Bridge, a town in North Yorkshire, in England.

The church stands on high ground in an area known as Church Green, about 0.5 mile east of the town.  The first church on the site was built in the 13th century, possibly near the site of the original settlement of Pateley. The oldest part of the current building is the tower, which was erected in 1691. The nave was built in the 18th century. In 1827, the church was closed, and St Cuthbert's, Pateley Bridge was opened nearer the centre of the town. St Mary's Church fell into ruin, but the remains were grade II listed on 6 May 1967. On 15 December 1976 it became a scheduled monument.

The church is built of stone, and consists of a nave without a roof, a south porch, and a west tower. The tower has three stages, a plinth, quoins, a mullioned window, three one-light openings, round-arched bell openings, a moulded band, and an embattled parapet with corner pinnacles.

Pinnacle
A pinnacle is an architectural element originally forming the cap or crown of a buttress or small turret, but afterwards used on parapets at the corners of towers and in many other situations. The pinnacle looks like a small spire. It was mainly used in Gothic architecture.

The pinnacle had two purposes:

Ornamental – adding to the loftiness and verticity of the structure. They sometimes ended with statues, such as in Milan Cathedral. Ornamental pinnacles of Milan Cathedral

Structural – the pinnacles were very heavy and often rectified with lead, in order to enable the flying buttresses to contain the stress of the structure vaults and roof. This was done by adding compressive stress (a result of the pinnacle weight) to the thrust vector and thus shifting it downwards rather than sideways.
Syndromic autism
Syndromic autism (or syndromic autism spectrum disorder) denotes cases of autism that are associated with a broader medical condition, generally a syndrome. Cases without such association, which account for the majority of total autism cases, are known as non-syndromic autism (or non-syndromic autism spectrum disorder).

Studying the differences and similarities (e.g., common pathways) between syndromic and non-syndromic cases can provide insights about the pathophysiology of autism and pave the way to new autism therapies.

Syndromic autism represents about 25% of the total ASD cases. In most cases, its etiology is known. Monogenic disorders are one of the causes of syndromic autism, which in this case are also known as monogenic autism spectrum disorders. They account for about 5% of the total ASD cases. SCN2A is the leading monogenic cause of autism.

Biological pathway
In cell biology, a biological pathway is a series of interactions among molecules in a cell that leads to a certain product or a change in the cell. Such a pathway can trigger the assembly of new molecules, such as a fat or   protein. Pathways can also turn genes on and off, or spur a cell to move. Some of the most common biological pathways are involved in metabolism, the regulation of gene expression and the transmission of signals. Pathways play a key role in advanced studies of genomics.
Sergei Gazdanov
Sergei Inalovich Gazdanov (Russian: Серге́й Иналович Газданов; 21 August 1969 – 2000) was a Russian professional footballer. He made his professional debut in the Soviet First League in 1986 for FC Spartak Ordzhonikidze. He played 2 games in the UEFA Cup 1993–94 for FC Spartak Vladikavkaz.

Soviet First League
The Soviet First League in football (Russian: Первая лига СССР по футболу) was the second highest division of Soviet football, below the Soviet Top League.

While the second tier competitions in football among "teams of masters" (an official term for the Soviet professional clubs) existed since 1936, the First League has been officially formed in 1971 out of the Class A First Group. It followed the transitional 1970 season when the Class A was expanded to three groups (Vysshaya Gruppa, Pervaya Gruppa, Vtoraya Gruppa) and discontinuation of the Class B competitions for the 1971 season.

The league existed until the dissolution of the USSR in 1991.
Keneally ministry
The Keneally ministry is the 92nd ministry of the Government of New South Wales, and was led by the 42nd Premier Kristina Keneally.

The ministry was formed following a caucus motion to elect a new Leader of the Australian Labor Party in New South Wales, where Keneally defeated her party colleague, the 41st Premier, Nathan Rees. Keneally led the first two-woman executive (Premier and Deputy Premier) in Australian history.

The ministry was sworn in on 8 December 2009 at Government House by the Governor of New South Wales Marie Bashir. A few days earlier, on 4 December 2009, Keneally and her Deputy, Carmel Tebbutt were sworn in by the Governor, as Premier and Deputy Premier respectively at a ceremony also held at Government House.

This ministry covers the  period from 4 December 2009 until 28 March 2011 when the 2011 state election was held, resulting in the loss of Labor to the Coalition; with the O'Farrell ministry gaining government.

Premier of New South Wales
The premier of New South Wales is the head of government in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Government of New South Wales follows the Westminster Parliamentary System, with a Parliament of New South Wales acting as the legislature. The premier is appointed by the Governor of New South Wales, and by modern convention holds office by their ability to command the support of a majority of members of the lower house of Parliament, the Legislative Assembly.

Before Federation in 1901, the term "prime minister of New South Wales" was also used. "Premier" has been used more or less exclusively from 1901, to avoid confusion with the federal prime minister of Australia.

The current premier is Chris Minns, the leader of the New South Wales Labor Party, who assumed office on 28 March 2023. Minns defeated Dominic Perrottet at the election held on 25 March 2023, after twelve years of Liberal/National Coalition rule.
Necmi Perekli
Necmi Perekli (born 1948) is a Turkish former footballer.

Necmi played for Trabzonspor in the late 1970s, becoming the first player of Trabzonspor to become the top scorer in Turkish 1st league (became Turkish Super League since 2002–03 season). He scored 18 goals in 22 appearances in the 1976–77 season, helping them to retain the title they had won for the first time the previous season. He was also played in Giresunspor (1972–1973), Beşiktaş (1973–1974) and Altay (1974–1975).

He works as a sports writer in Fotomaç, a sport newspaper in Turkey.

Altay S.K.
Altay Spor Kulübü is a Turkish professional football club based in the city of İzmir.

Formed in 1914, Altay are nicknamed Büyük Altay (Great Altay). The club colors are black and white, and they play their home matches at the Alsancak Mustafa Denizli Stadium.

Domestically, the club has finished third place for the Süper Lig three times and won the Turkish Cup twice. They hold the record for most İzmir Football League titles with 14. They are the most successful İzmir-based club with 16 championships in various competitions.

Collecting 24 points in the first half of the 1969–70 season in undefeated 15 games with 9 wins and 6 draws, Altay SK is one of three non-champion clubs that topped the first half of 1. Lig table, along with Kocaelispor in 1992–93, and Sivasspor in 2007–08, 2008–09 and 2019–20.
Sterzh Cross
Sterzh Cross is a stone cross formerly situated on the bank of the Sterzh Lake. Named for the lake, it is now exhibited in the Tver History Museum, where it has been for over a century. Its height is 167 cm.

The cross was erected by Ivanko Pavlovich, a posadnik from Novgorod, in 1133. The inscription on the cross reads: "On 14 July, 6641 we started to dig a channel, whereupon I, Ivanko Pavlovich, erected this cross".

Veliky Novgorod
Veliky Novgorod (/vəˈliːki ˈnɒvɡərɒd/ ⓘ və-LEE-kee NOV-gə-rod; Russian: Великий Новгород, IPA: [vʲɪˈlʲikʲɪj ˈnovɡərət]; lit. 'Great Newtown'), also known simply as Novgorod (Новгород), is the largest city and administrative centre of Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the oldest cities in Russia, being first mentioned in the 9th century. The city lies along the Volkhov River just downstream from its outflow from Lake Ilmen and is situated on the M10 federal highway connecting Moscow and Saint Petersburg. UNESCO recognized Novgorod as a World Heritage Site in 1992. The city has a population of 224,286 (2021 census).

At its peak during the 14th century, the city was the capital of the Novgorod Republic and was one of Europe's largest cities. The "Великий" (Veliky) part was added to the city's name in 1999.
BMW 4 Series (F32)
The first generation of the BMW 4 Series consists of the BMW F32 (coupé version), BMW F33 (convertible version) and BMW F36 (five-door liftback version, marketed as 'Gran Coupé') compact executive cars. The F32/F33/F36 was produced from 2013 to 2020 and is often collectively referred to as the F32.

The F32 was introduced as the successor to the E92/E93 coupé/convertible models of the fifth-generation 3 Series range. The F32 is produced alongside - and shares many features with - the F30 3 Series. As with the F30 3 Series range, the F32/F33/F36 is powered by turbocharged petrol and diesel engines with three cylinders (petrol only), four cylinders, and six cylinders.

The high performance F82/F83 M4 models were introduced in early 2014. They are powered by the S55 turbocharged straight-six engine.

BMW M3 DTM (E92)
The BMW M3 DTM is a DTM touring car constructed by the German car manufacturer BMW. It was developed in 2010 and has been raced in DTM seasons since their return to the sport after 20 years absence in 2012 until the end of 2013 season before it was succeeded by BMW M4 DTM. It was designed by BMW chief engineer Dominic Harlow. The M3 DTM was based on E92 production car.
Raising Hell (Weir and Noyes book)
Raising Hell: How the Center for Investigative Reporting Gets the Story is a nonfiction book by journalists David Weir and Dan Noyes, the co-founders of the Center for Investigative Reporting in San Francisco, with a foreword by Mike Wallace of CBS News.  It was published in 1983 by Addison-Wesley Publishing Company and contains reprints of investigative journalism articles from the time period, with analysis and background on how the journalists investigated the issues and prepared the articles.  An article by Kate Coleman and Paul Avery called "The Party's Over", which discussed the Black Panthers, was analyzed.

Jessica Mitford and Mike Wallace both wrote positively of the book.  It was also reviewed in Newspaper Research Journal.

Raising Hell is used as a college textbook, and is referenced in Pearson's The Shadow of the Panther, and in John Lofland's Social Movement Organizations: Guide to Research on Insurgent Realities.

John Lofland (sociologist)
John Franklin Lofland (March 4, 1936 – February 4, 2026) is an American sociologist best known for his studies of the peace movement and for his first book, Doomsday Cult: A Study of Conversion, Proselytization, and Maintenance of Faith, which was based on field work among a group of Unification Church members in California in the 1960s. It is considered to be one of the most important and widely cited studies of the process of religious conversion, and one of the first modern sociological studies of a new religious movement.
Threaded insert
A threaded insert, also known as a threaded bushing or insert nut, is a fastener element that is inserted into an object to add a threaded hole. They may be used to repair a stripped threaded hole, provide a durable threaded hole in a soft material, place a thread on a material too thin to accept it, mold or cast threads into a work piece thereby eliminating a machining operation, or simplify changeover from unified to metric threads or vice versa.

In woodworking, an insert nut provides a threaded socket for a wooden workpiece, similar to a wall anchor. Insert nuts are inserted into a pre-drilled hole by one of two means: screw in and hammer in. In both cases, the external protrusions bite into the wood, preventing the nut from either turning or pulling out.

Unified Thread Standard
The Unified Thread Standard (UTS) defines a standard thread form and series—along with allowances, tolerances, and designations—for screw threads commonly used in the United States and Canada. It is the main standard for bolts, nuts, and a wide variety of other threaded fasteners used in these countries. It has the same 60° profile as the ISO metric screw thread, but the characteristic dimensions of each UTS thread (outer diameter and pitch) were chosen as an inch fraction rather than a millimeter value. The UTS is currently controlled by ASME/ANSI in the United States.
Masura Parvin
Masura Parvin (Bengali: মাসুরা পারভিন; born 17 October 2001) is a Bangladeshi professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for the Bangladesh women's national football team.

Masura has previously played for the Bangladesh women's national under-16 football team. She played four matches at 2017 AFC U-16 Women's Championship qualification in Group C held in Dhaka. Moreover, she has played for the Bangladesh women's national futsal team.

Bangladesh women's national football team
The Bangladesh women's national football team is the women's national association football team of Bangladesh controlled by the Bangladesh Football Federation under the supervision of the women's football committee. It is a member of the Asian Football Confederation and has yet to qualify for the World Cup.

Bangladesh are the defending champion at the SAFF Women's Championship, after clinching their maiden title in 2022. They also went on to win the championship again in 2024 after defeating Nepal in the finals. They also secured a bronze medal in the South Asian Federation Games 2010 and a silver medal at the SAFF Women's Championship 2016.
Irén Rostás
Irén Rostás is a Hungarian orienteering competitor. At the 1976 World Orienteering Championships in Aviemore she received a bronze medal in the relay with the Hungarian team (with Magda Kovács and Sarolta Monspart). In  1979 she finished 12th in the individual event, and in  1983 she finished 9th in the individual and 6th in relay event.

1976 World Orienteering Championships
The 1976 World Orienteering Championships, the 6th World Orienteering Championships, were held in Aviemore, Scotland, 24–26 September 1976.

The championships had four events; individual contests for men and women, and relays for men and women.
Sarakhs
Sarakhs (Persian: سرخس) is a city in the Central District of Sarakhs County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Sarakhs was once a stopping point along the Silk Road, and in its 11th century heyday had many libraries. Much of the original city site is now just across the border at Serakhs in Turkmenistan.

Karakum Desert
The Karakum Desert (/ˈkærəkʌm/ KARR-ə-kum; Russian: Каракумы, IPA: [kərɐˈkumɨ]), also spelt Qaraqum and Garagum (Turkmen: [ɢɑɾɑˈʁʊm]; lit. 'Black Sand'), is a desert in Central Asia. The name refers to the shale-rich sand beneath the surface. It occupies about 70 percent, or roughly 350,000 km2 (140,000 sq mi), of Turkmenistan.

The population is sparse, with an average of one person per 6.5 km2 (2.5 sq mi). Rainfall is also rare, ranging from 70 to 150 mm (3 to 6 in) per year.
Huo Yanwei
Huo Yanwei (Chinese: 霍彥威) (872-928), known as Li Shaozhen (李紹真) from 924 to 926, courtesy name Zizhong (子重), formally Duke Zhongwu of Jin (晉忠武公), was a general of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period Later Liang and Later Tang states.

Historical Records of the Five Dynasties
The Historical Records of the Five Dynasties (Wudai Shiji) is a Chinese history book on the Five Dynasties period (907–960), written by the Song dynasty official Ouyang Xiu in private. It was drafted during Ouyang's exile from 1036 to 1039 but not published until 1073, a year after his death. An abridged English translation by Richard L. Davis was published in 2004. The history book is a typical representative of the use of Spring and Autumn style (春秋笔法). It has high literal value but its content may not be accurate enough.

One of the official Twenty-Four Histories of China, the book is frequently referred to as the New History of the Five Dynasties (Xin Wudai Shi) in order to distinguish it from the Old History of the Five Dynasties which was published in 974. Though both books follow a similar format, Ouyang's book is more concise and markedly more analytical.
Chelsea, Jersey City
Chelsea is the former name of the northwestern part of The Heights in Jersey City, New Jersey, United States, that is located near Transfer Station. Chelsea was once part of Hudson City and bordered the former town of West Hoboken.

West Hoboken, New Jersey
West Hoboken was a municipality that existed in Hudson County, New Jersey, from 1861 to 1925. It merged with Union Hill to form Union City on June 1, 1925.

The town is notable for being the first city in which Mallomars were sold.
Halstead's Point, Virginia
Halstead's Point was an unincorporated community in York County, Virginia. In 1918, during World War I, a large tract of land in the area including Halstead's Point was taken by the U.S. Navy to create a military base initially known as a mine depot, where ordnance for military shifts was handled. Today, the lost town of Halstead's Point is unrecognizable, but was located near the Gate 3 of the US Naval Weapons Station Yorktown just off State Route 143 and east of Interstate 64.

Interstate 64
Interstate 64 (I-64) is an east–west Interstate Highway in the Eastern United States. Its western terminus is at I-70, U.S. Route 40 (US 40), and US 61 in Wentzville, Missouri. Its eastern terminus is at the Bowers Hill Interchange with I-264 and I-664 at Bower's Hill in Chesapeake, Virginia. I-64 connects Greater St. Louis, the Louisville metropolitan area, the Lexington–Fayette metropolitan area, the Charleston, WV metropolitan area, the Greater Richmond Region, and Hampton Roads.
Paraguay at the 2019 Pan American Games
Paraguay competed at the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, from July 26 to August 11, 2019.

The Paraguayan team consisted of 71 athletes (48 women and 23 men) competing in 18 sports. This marked the largest team the country has ever sent to the Pan American Games.

During the opening ceremony of the games, table tennis athlete Alejandro Toranzos carried the flag of the country as part of the parade of nations.

Paraguay won a total of five medals at the games, a record for one edition of the games. The country also won its first ever gold medal at the Pan American Games when golfer Fabrizio Zanotti won the men's individual event.

2019 Pan American Games
The 2019 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2019), officially the XVIII Pan American Games (Spanish: XVIII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Lima 2019, were a multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization held in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019, with preliminary rounds in certain events having begun on July 24, 2019. These were the first Pan American Games to be held in Peru, and the seventh to be held in South America.

The opening ceremony took place on July 26 at the National Stadium of Peru, and the Games were declared open by former Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra. These Pan American Games were held at venues in and around Lima, and are the largest sporting event ever hosted by the country.
Industrial Cape Breton
Industrial Cape Breton is a geographic region in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.  It refers to the eastern portion of Cape Breton County fronting the Atlantic Ocean on the southeastern part of Cape Breton Island.

Sydney Mines
Sydney Mines is a community and former town in Cape Breton Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Founded in 1784, and incorporated as a town in 1889, Sydney Mines has a rich history in coal production although mining activity has now ceased. Prior to a permanent settlement being established, there was significant activity along the shore. Upon the success of coal mining operations, the Nova Scotia Steel and Coal Company constructed a steel plant in Sydney Mines in 1902. The plant, alongside the steel plant in Sydney owned by the Dominion Iron and Steel Company combined to produce more than 50% of Canada's steel during World War I. The plant was later sold to the British Empire Steel Corporation and ceased operations years later.
Microsporidiosis
Microsporidiosis is an opportunistic intestinal infection that causes diarrhea and wasting in immunocompromised individuals (HIV, for example). It results from different species of microsporidia, a group of microbial (unicellular) fungi.

In HIV-infected individuals, microsporidiosis generally occurs when CD4+ T cell counts fall below 150.

Microsporidia have emerged with significant mortality risk in immunocompromised individuals. These are small, single-celled, obligately intracellular parasites linked to water sources as well as wild, and domestic animals. They were once considered protozoans or protists, but are now known to be fungi, or a sister group to fungi.  The most common causes of microsporidiosis is Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon intestinalis.

Wasting
In medicine, wasting, also known as wasting syndrome, refers to the process by which a debilitating disease causes muscle and fat tissue to "waste" away. Wasting is sometimes referred to as "acute malnutrition" because it is believed that episodes of wasting have a short duration, in contrast to stunting, which is regarded as chronic malnutrition. An estimated 45 million children under 5 years of age (or 6.7%) were wasted in 2021.: 4  Wasting prevalence declined from 7.5% in 2012 to 6.8% in 2022, with 6.2% of children under five years old projected to be wasted in 2030, more than double the 3% Sustainable Development Goals target. Prevalence is highest in Southern Asia, followed by Oceania (excluding Australia and New Zealand) and South-eastern Asia.: 14
Joe Lazarov
Joe Lazarov is an American television director and producer.

He began his professional career working as production assistant on television commercials. In 1987, he worked as a post-production supervisor on the series Northern Exposure, before being promoted as associate producer in 1992. For much of the 1990s and 2000s, he worked as a producer and supervising producer on the series New York Undercover, Spy Game, The Agency, Threat Matrix, NCIS: Naval Criminal Investigative Service, The Mountain, Invasion, Psych and Gossip Girl. He made his directorial debut on the latter series in 2008.

He is from Memphis, Tennessee and is alum of Boston University.

The Mountain (TV series)
The Mountain is an American drama television series created by David Barrett, Gina Matthews and Grant Scharbo, that was broadcast on The WB network for one season from September 22, 2004 to January 2, 2005. The show received very low ratings and was canceled after only thirteen episodes.