hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bonarda Piemontese
Bonarda Piemontese, now officially listed simply as Bonarda but also known as Bonarda di Chieri and Bonarda del Monferrato is a red Italian wine grape variety that is grown in the northwestern region of Piedmont. Prior to the phylloxera epidemic of the 19th century, Bonarda was speculated to have accounted for 30% of the plantings in Piedmont but today is only found in scattered plantings along the left bank of the Tanaro river near Govone. In the mid-1990s, the grape experienced a slight revival as Piedmontese producers sought to add more aromatics to their Barbera wines by blending in Bonarda.

Despite the similarities of their synonyms, the grape is not related to Douce noir grape which is known as Bonarda in Argentina nor the Croatina grape, which make tannic wines similar to Piedmont's Dolcetto.

Phenolic content in wine
Phenolic compounds—natural phenol and polyphenols—occur naturally in wine.  These include a large group of several hundred chemical compounds that affect the taste, aroma, bouquet, color and mouthfeel of wine. These compounds include phenolic acids, stilbenoids, flavonols, dihydroflavonols, anthocyanins (enocyanin), flavanol monomers (catechins) and flavanol polymers (proanthocyanidins). This large group of natural phenols can be broadly separated into two categories, flavonoids and non-flavonoids. Flavonoids include the anthocyanins and tannins which contribute to the color and mouthfeel of the wine. The non-flavonoids include the stilbenoids such as resveratrol and phenolic acids such as benzoic, caffeic and cinnamic acids.
Alexandru Marin (boxer)
Alexandru Marin (born March 29, 1992) is a Romanian professional boxer fighting out of Bethesda, Maryland, United States.

As of June 2019, he is ranked as the world's third best active super flyweight by IBF, and fourth by WBO.

On December 16, 2019, Gideon Buthelezi should have defended his IBO super flyweight title against Marin, who was IBO mandatory challenger. The match did not take place because Marin cited poor health.

International Boxing Organization
The International Boxing Organization (IBO) is a US based corporation that sanctions professional boxing matches and awards world and regional championships.

It is an independent organization not recognized by the "big four" governing bodies (WBA, WBC, IBF and WBO), who only recognize each other in their rankings and title unification rules. Despite this, as of 2023, IBO titles have been unified with titles of the other bodies in several weight divisions.
The WBC website highlights the importance of title recognition and the implications of multiple governing bodies in boxing. While the IBO operates independently, its titles being unified with the WBA, IBF, and WBO in certain divisions demonstrates how these organizations work together despite initial rivalries.
Taylor Ferry, Oklahoma
Taylor Ferry is an unincorporated community in Wagoner County, Oklahoma, United States, situated on Fort Gibson Lake. As of the 2020 census, Taylor Ferry had a population of 819. Taylor Ferry lies within the territory of the Cherokee Nation. The community was the site of a ferry crossing across the Grand River when Oklahoma was the Indian Territory during the 19th century.

Grand River (Oklahoma)
The Grand River is an alternate name for the lower section of the Neosho River,  a tributary of the Arkansas River in Oklahoma. "Grand River" refers to the section of river below the confluence of the Neosho and Spring rivers in Ottawa County near Miami. It empties into the Arkansas northeast of Muskogee, just downstream from the confluence of the Verdigris River with the Arkansas. The area of convergence of the three rivers Arkansas, Verdigris and Neosho are called "Three Forks".

The river is impounded by Grand Lake, Lake Hudson, and Fort Gibson Reservoir. The Grand River Dam Authority administers the river.
The Three Stooges (video game)
The Three Stooges is a video game released by Cinemaware in 1987 for the Amiga based on the comedy trio of the same name. Players control Stooges Moe, Larry, and Curly in minigames based on Stooges films with the aim of raising enough money to save an orphanage. It was ported to the Apple IIGS, Commodore 64, MS-DOS, NES and Game Boy Advance. The game has been praised as a faithful adaptation of the Stooges films, but has been criticized for repetitive gameplay and limited replay value.

A remake was released for Microsoft Windows and Macintosh.

Replay value
Replay value (or, colloquially, replayability) is the potential of a video game or other media products for continued play value after its first completion. Factors that can influence perceived replay value include the game's extra characters, secrets and alternate endings. The replay value of a game may also be based entirely on the individual's tastes. A player may enjoy repeating a game because of the music, graphics, gameplay or because of product loyalty. Dynamic environments, challenging AI, a wide variety of ways to accomplish tasks, and a rich array of assets can result in a high replay value.
KISW
KISW (99.9 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a mainstream rock format in Seattle, Washington. It is owned by Audacy, Inc. and has studios in Downtown Seattle and a transmitter on Tiger Mountain in Issaquah. In addition to a standard analog transmission, KISW broadcasts using HD Radio technology and is available online via Audacy.

On the air since 1950, KISW was originally a fine music station before Kaye-Smith shifted it to a rock format in 1971. It has continued in the rock format since under various owners; live shows include The Mens Room afternoon show, which for a time was nationally syndicated.

Analog transmission
Analog transmission is a transmission method of conveying information using a continuous signal which varies in amplitude, phase, or some other property in proportion to that information. It could be the transfer of an analog signal, using an analog modulation method such as frequency modulation (FM) or amplitude modulation (AM), or no modulation at all.

Some textbooks also consider passband data transmission using a digital modulation method such as ASK, PSK and QAM, i.e. a sinewave modulated by a digital bit-stream, as analog transmission and as an analog signal. Others define that as digital transmission and as a digital signal. Baseband data transmission using line codes, resulting in a pulse train, are always considered as digital transmission, although the source signal may be a digitized analog signal.
Hayley Lauder
Hayley Lauder (born 4 June 1990) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays for Glasgow City of the Scottish Women's Premier League and the Scotland women's national team. After beginning her senior career with Spartans, she played for Apollon Limassol in the 2011–12 Champions League qualifying stage. Lauder then moved on to Finland, with Åland United, before spending a single season with both Mallbackens IF and Vittsjö GIK of the Swedish Damallsvenskan.

Scottish Women's Premier League
The Scottish Women's Premier League (SWPL) is the highest level of league competition in women's football in Scotland. Its two divisions are SWPL (previously styled as SWPL 1) and SWPL 2. The league was formed when the Premier Division of the Scottish Women's Football League (SWFL) broke away to form the SWPL in 2002. SWPL 2 was introduced in 2016.

The divisions contain (in the 2022–23 season) 12 clubs in SWPL and eight in SWPL 2. Glasgow City have won 16 championships, including 14 in succession from 2007–08 until 2020–21. The champions and runners-up qualify for the UEFA Women's Champions League.

From 2002, the league was owned and managed by Scottish Women's Football. Administration of the SWPL was taken over by the Scottish Football Association in 2007, then by the Scottish Professional Football League in 2022. The SWPL runs on the winter calendar but operated a summer-season format from 2009 until 2020.
Kʼakʼ Joplaj Chan Kʼawiil
Kʼakʼ Joplaj Chan Kʼawiil was installed as the 14th dynastic ruler of Copán on 7 June 738, 39 days after the execution of Uaxaclajuun Ubʼaah Kʼawiil. Little is known of his reign due to the lack of monuments raised after Quiriguá's surprise victory. Copán's defeat had wider implications due to the fracturing of the city's domain and the loss of the key Motagua River trade route to Quiriguá. The fall in Copán's income and corresponding increase at Quiriguá is evident from the massive commissioning of new monuments and architecture at the latter city and Copán may even have been subject to its former vassal. Kʼakʼ Joplaj Chan Kʼawiil died in January 749.

Motagua River
The Motagua River (Spanish pronunciation: [moˈtaɣwa]) is a 486-kilometre-long (302 mi) river in Guatemala. It rises in the Western Highlands of Guatemala and runs in an easterly direction to the Gulf of Honduras. The Motagua River basin covers an area of 12,670 square kilometres (4,890 sq mi) and is the largest in Guatemala.

The Motagua River valley contains sources of jadeitite, which has been used by many Indigenous communities that have inhabited the region. The Motagua River is also one of the most plastic-emitting rivers in the world, contributing around two percent of global plastic pollution emissions into oceans annually. Conservation efforts have been driven by the government and non-governmental organizations to ensure safe water and clean oceans.
Ann Tse-kai
Ann Tse-kai OBE GBM JP (Chinese: 安子介) also known as T.K. Ann; 26 June 1912 – 3 June 2000) was a Hong Kong industrialist, legislator and sinologist. He was the author of Cracking the Chinese Puzzles, a textbook on Chinese characters.

Ann lived in Hong Kong and was a prominent member of the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce. He represented the Winsor Industrial Group and, from 1970 to 1978, represented the Chamber of Commerce in the Hong Kong Legislative Council (LegCo).

In 1973, Ann chaired a LegCo commission of enquiry into a teachers' strike.

Sinology
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilization primarily through Chinese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science. Its origin "may be traced to the examination which Chinese scholars made of their own civilization."

The academic field of sinology often refers to Western scholarship. Until the 20th century, it was historically seen as equivalent to philology concerning the Chinese classics and other literature written in the Chinese language. Since then, the scope of sinology has expanded to include Chinese history and palaeography, among other subjects.
Le Mans (film)
Le Mans is a 1971 film depicting a fictional 24 Hours of Le Mans auto race starring Steve McQueen and directed by Lee H. Katzin. The film began as a John Sturges project, before he was replaced during filming. It features actual footage captured during the 1970 race held the previous June.

Vic Elford
Victor Henry Elford (10 June 1935 – 13 March 2022) was an English sports car racing, rallying, and Formula One driver. He participated in 13 World Championship F1 Grands Prix, debuting on 7 July 1968. He scored a total of 8 championship points.

Nicknamed "Quick Vic" by his peers, Elford was mainly a famous sports car competitor as well as a successful rally driver, associated often with Porsche.
Wiam Simav Bedirxan
Wiam Simav Bedirxan is a Syrian Kurdish documentary filmmaker from Homs,  who co-directed the 2014 film Silvered Water, Syria Self-Portrait with exiled filmmaker Usama Muhammad. Bedirxan documented the Siege of Homs and sent its footage via the internet to Muhammad in Paris in order to make Silvered Water, Syria Self-Portrait, which had its world premiere at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival.

2014 Cannes Film Festival
The 67th Cannes Film Festival took place from 14 to 25 May 2014. New Zealand filmmaker Jane Campion was the head of the jury for the main competition. Turkish filmmaker Nuri Bilge Ceylan won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for the drama film Winter Sleep.

The festival poster featured Italian actor Marcello Mastroianni from Federico Fellini's 1963 film 8½, which was presented in the Out of Competition section of the 1963 Cannes Film Festival. French actor Lambert Wilson hosted the opening and closing ceremonies.

Due to European Parliament elections which took place on 25 May 2014, the closing ceremony took place on 24 May.

The festival opened with Grace of Monaco by Olivier Dahan, and closed with a restored 4K version of Sergio Leone's 1964 western A Fistful of Dollars.
Edapt
Edapt is an organisation which provides school teachers and staff, in England and Wales, with advice and accompaniment in individual employment disputes and allegations.

It was founded as an apolitical alternative to the traditional teaching unions such as the NEU or NASUWT.

Its founder was John Roberts a former secondary-school teacher, and senior leader at Oak National Academy.

Edapt is based in Manchester, England, and operates across England and Wales.

Oak National Academy
Oak National Academy is an educational organisation providing a resource hub and online classroom in the UK. It provides teachers with free lessons and resources for pupils aged from four to 16, from Reception to Year 11.

Oak National Academy was created in response to the 2020 United Kingdom education shutdown during the COVID-19 pandemic. During the shutdown, it offered resources including lesson plans, virtual school assemblies, and a virtual library.

Oak National Academy became an independent public body in 2022 despite protests and a lawsuit by commercial curriculum providers. Different studies have found that between 11% to one-third of UK teachers draw on Oak National Academy in their lesson planning.
Joseph Osadiaye
Joseph Osadiaye (born 18 November 1994) is a Nigerian professional footballer who plays for Nigeria Professional Football League outfit, Lobi Stars. He usually plays as a left or right sided winger and he is known for his pace, dribbling skills and accurate left foot shots. Although, predominantly a left-footed player, he is also adept at using his right foot.

Lobi Stars F.C.
Lobi Stars Football Club (formerly known as Mosquito football club, Lobi Bank, BBL Hawks, and Hawks) is a Nigerian professional soccer club based in Makurdi, Benue. The club competes in the Nigerian Professional Football League. The Stars' home is the 8,000-seater Aper Aku Stadium.
Citronen Fjord
Citronen Fjord is a fjord in Peary Land, far northern Greenland. Administratively it is part of the Northeast Greenland National Park.

The name of the fjord was given by Danish Arctic explorer Eigil Knuth during the Danish Peary Land Expedition of 1947–1950. It was named after Danish freedom fighter Jørgen Haagen Schmith, whose codename was  Citronen.

Jørgen Haagen Schmith
Jørgen Haagen Schmith, also spelled Jørgen Haagen Schmidt (18 December 1910 – 15 October 1944), known during the war by the codename Citronen (Danish for 'the Lemon'), was a renowned fighter in the Danish resistance movement during the German Occupation of Denmark (1940–1945). He was a saboteur, including his involvement in the bombing of the Forum Copenhagen. He was also a rescuer and liquidator. He died after a multi-hour firefight with German soldiers on 15 October 1944.

In 1951, he and his partner Bent Faurschou Hviid were posthumously awarded the United States Medal of Freedom by President Harry S. Truman. The film Flame & Citron (2008) portrays the renowned partners and the Holger Danske group.
1963 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1963 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship was the 53rd completed staging of the Wexford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Wexford County Board in 1889.

Faythe Harriers entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 27 October 1963 at the Bellefield Grounds in Enniscorthy, between Oylegate–Glenbrien and Horeswood. Oylegate–Glenbrien won the match by 6–09 to 3–04 to claim their first ever championship title.

Horeswood GAA
Horeswood GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club in County Wexford, Ireland. The club fields teams in Gaelic football, hurling, camogie and Ladies Gaelic football, and participates in competitions organised by Wexford GAA county board.
Red Dwarf: Infinity Welcomes Careful Drivers
Red Dwarf: Infinity Welcomes Careful Drivers is a best-selling science fiction comedy novel by Grant Naylor, the collective name for Rob Grant and Doug Naylor, co-creators and writers of the Red Dwarf television series, on which the novel is based. First published in 1989, the novel presents the plotline of the TV series as a cohesive linear narrative, providing expanded backstory of the Red Dwarf world and more fully developing each of the characters, particularly Dave Lister and Arnold Rimmer. The book incorporates elements and scenes from the first and second-season episodes The End, Future Echoes, Kryten, Me² and Better Than Life. In 1990, the book was followed by a sequel, Better Than Life.

The book has also been released in a 1992 omnibus edition and as an unabridged audiobook, read by Chris Barrie who plays Rimmer in the television show.

Dave Lister
David Lister, commonly referred to simply as Lister, is a fictional character from the British science fiction situation comedy Red Dwarf, portrayed by Craig Charles.

Lister is characterised as a third-class technician (the lowest ranking crewman) on the mining ship Red Dwarf spending his time performing tasks under the hated supervision of Arnold Rimmer. In the series, he becomes marooned three million years into the future, but maintains a long-standing desire to return to Earth and start a farm on Fiji and open a hot dog and doughnut diner, preferably with the one true love of his life, Kristine Kochanski, a navigation officer of Red Dwarf. As a character, Lister is lazy, slobbish, and unmotivated,  but he frequently shows moral courage. He also likes Indian food, especially chicken vindaloo, which is a recurring theme in the series.
Phreatia micrantha
Phreatia micrantha, commonly known as native fan orchid, is a plant in the orchid family and is an epiphyte or lithophyte with four to ten channelled leaves in a fan-like arrangement with their bases sheathing the stem. A large number of small white, cup-shaped flowers are arranged along a thin, wiry flowering stem. This orchid is native to areas between Papuasia and the western Pacific.

Papuasia
Papuasia is a Level 2 botanical region defined in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It lies in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, in the Melanesia ecoregion of Oceania and Tropical Asia.

It comprises the following geographic and political entities:

Aru Islands (Indonesia; treated as part of Western New Guinea in the Scheme)

New Guinea
Papua New Guinea
Western New Guinea (Indonesia)

Solomon Islands (archipelago)
Bougainville
Solomon Islands (excluding the Santa Cruz Islands)
Bli Blip
Bli Blip is a song composed by Duke Ellington with lyrics by Sid Kuller.

"Bli Blip" was featured in Ellington's 1941 musical revue Jump for Joy.

It was performed by Marie Bryant and Paul White in a 1942 soundie featuring Ellington and his orchestra produced by Sam Coslow for R.C.M. Productions and directed by Josef Berne. The soundie was released on 5 January 1942.

Ellington and his orchestra made the first recording of "Bli Blip" on 26 September 1941 at the Hollywood Recording Studio in Los Angeles.

John Franceschina, in his 2017 book Duke Ellington's Music for the Theatre, described "Bli Blip" as a "catchy, blues, rhythm number" with a "highly syncopated melody line, filled with skips and scat-like riffs". Franceschina notes that the "arhythmical nature of the melody in which no two bars are exactly alike".

Jump for Joy (1941 revue)
Jump for Joy is a 1941 musical revue by Duke Ellington that opened on July 10, 1941, at the Mayan Theater of Los Angeles, and ran for nine weeks (122 performances).

It included many songs by Ellington, including the jazz standard "I Got It Bad (and That Ain't Good)" and the title track, "Jump for Joy." The cast included Ivy Anderson, Marie Bryant, Herb Jeffries, Judy Carol, Artie Brandon, Al Guster, the Hi-Hatters, Lawrence Harris, Suzette Johnson, William Lewis, "Pot, Pan, and Skillet", Otis Renee, Wonderful Smith, Joe Turner, Paul White, and the Duke Ellington Orchestra.
Amphidromus porcellanus
Amphidromus porcellanus is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Camaenidae.

Subspecies

Amphidromus porcellanus gistingensis Dharma, 2021

Amphidromus porcellanus porcellanus (Mousson, 1849)

Camaenidae
Camaenidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea, the typical snails and their allies. This is one of the most diverse families in the clade Stylommatophora.

These snails occur in a wide variety of habitats in the tropics of Eastern Asia and Australasia.

A large American group, which is mainly represented by species from the Caribbean, has, until recently, also been subsumed under the Camaenidae. However, latest molecular phylogenetic studies showed that these species represent a different family, the Pleurodontidae.

This molecular study also implies that the Bradybaeninae, previously treated as a distinct family within the Helicoidea, is a junior synonym of the Camaenidae.
Fahad Khamees
Fahad Khamees Mubarak (Arabic: فَهْد خَمِيس مُبَارَك; born 24 January 1962) is an Emirati retired footballer who played as a striker for the UAE national football team and Al Wasl FC in Dubai. He played in the 1990 FIFA World Cup and was the captain of the team in the matches against Colombia and Yugoslavia.

Yugoslavia national football team
The Yugoslavia national football team represented Yugoslavia in international association football.

Although the team mainly represented the pre-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the post-war SFR Yugoslavia, various iterations of the state were formally constituted in football, including the:

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918–1929)

Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1929–1945)

Democratic Federal Yugoslavia (1945)

Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1963)

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1963–1992)

It enjoyed success in international competition, reaching the semi-finals at the 1930 and 1962 FIFA World Cups. In 1992, during the Yugoslav wars, the team was suspended from international competition as part of the United Nations sanctions on Yugoslavia.
Tenstar Community
Tenstar Community, often known simply as "TEN", is a Third Sector not-for-profit movemente and association established and registered in Italy, in the city of Verona.

"TEN" is committed to the social regeneration, focusing on education, culture and creativity by creating interactivity within TEN creative sectors which are  architecture, arts, cinematography, design, environmental engineering, photography, graphics, music, performing arts and urban regeneration.

"TEN" sustains artists and creative people through the ten disciplines basing on the creative economy and the green economy and by inviting and working with influential professionals of these sectors.

Voluntary sector
In relation to public services, the voluntary sector is the realm of social activity undertaken by non-governmental, not for profit organizations. This sector is also called the third sector (in contrast to the public sector and the private sector), community sector, and nonprofit sector. "Civic sector" or "social sector" are other terms used for the sector, emphasizing its relationship to civil society. Voluntary sector activities are important in many areas of life, including social care, child care, animal welfare, sport and environmental protection.