hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ergun City
Ergun (Chinese: 额尔古纳市; Mongolian: ᠡᠷᠬᠥᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ), formerly Ergun Right Banner (Chinese: 额尔古纳右旗), is a county-level city in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia, containing the autonomous region's northernmost point. The city has an area of 28,958 square kilometres (11,181 mi2), and a population of 79,155 as of 2019.: 20–1

Argun (Amur)
The Argun /ɑːrˈɡuːn/ or Ergune (Chinese: 额尔古纳河) is a 1,620-kilometre (1,010 mi) long river that forms part of the eastern China–Russia border, together with the Amur. Its upper reaches are known as the Hailar River (海拉尔河) in China. The Argun marks the border (established by the Treaty of Nerchinsk in 1689) between Russia and China for about 944 kilometres (587 mi), until it meets the Amur.
S/2020 S 5
S/2020 S 5 is a natural satellite of Saturn. Its discovery was announced by Edward Ashton, Brett J. Gladman, Jean-Marc Petit and Mike Alexandersen on May 6, 2023 from observations taken between July 3, 2019 and July 9, 2021.

S/2020 S 5 is about 3 kilometers in diameter, and orbits Saturn at a distance of 18.422 million km in 933.52 days, at an inclination of 49.41°, orbits in a prograde direction and with an eccentricity of 0.135. S/2020 S 5 belongs to the Inuit group and it may be a Siarnaq fragment that broke off long ago, since it shares the same orbital elements.

The orbit of S/2020 S 5 librates in accordance with the von Zeipel–Lidov–Kozai effect.

Brett J. Gladman
Brett James Gladman (born April 19, 1966) is a Canadian astronomer and a full professor at the University of British Columbia's Department of Physics and Astronomy in Vancouver, British Columbia. He holds the Canada Research Chair in planetary astronomy.  He does both theoretical work (large-scale numerical simulations of planetary dynamics) and observational optical astronomy (being a discoverer of many planetary moons and minor planets).
Graham Burkett
Graham John Burkett (9 November 1936 – 29 July 2014) was an Australian politician who served as a Labor Party member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia from 1983 to 1989, representing the seat of Scarborough.

Western Australian Legislative Assembly
The Western Australian Legislative Assembly, or lower house, is one of the two chambers of the Parliament of Western Australia, an Australian state. The Parliament sits in Parliament House in the Western Australian capital, Perth.

The Legislative Assembly today has 59 members, elected for four-year terms from single-member electoral districts.  Members are elected using the preferential voting system. As with all other Australian states and territories, voting is compulsory for all Australian citizens over the legal voting age of 18.
Elena Nikitina
Elena Valeryevna Nikitina (Russian: Елена Валерьевна Никитина; born 2 October 1992) is a  Russian skeleton racer who joined the national squad in 2009. She rides a Schneider sled, and her coach is Denis Alimov. Before starting skeleton, she was an association football player.

2016–17 Skeleton World Cup
The 2016–17 Skeleton World Cup was a multi-race series over a season for skeleton. The season started on 2 December 2016 in Whistler, Canada and ended on 17 March 2017 in Pyeongchang, South Korea. The World Cup was organised by the IBSF (formerly the FIBT) who also run World Cups and Championships in skeleton. The season was sponsored by BMW.
Unipotent representation
In mathematics, a unipotent representation of a reductive group is a representation that has some  similarities with unipotent conjugacy classes of groups.

Informally, Langlands philosophy suggests that there should be a correspondence between representations of a reductive group and conjugacy classes of a Langlands dual group, and the unipotent representations should be roughly the ones corresponding to unipotent classes in the dual group.

Unipotent representations are supposed to be the basic "building blocks" out of which one can construct all other representations in the following sense. 
Unipotent representations should form a small (preferably finite) set of irreducible representations for each reductive group, such that all irreducible representations can be obtained from unipotent representations of possibly smaller groups by some sort of systematic process, such as (cohomological or parabolic) induction.

Langlands program
In mathematics,  the Langlands program is a set of conjectures about connections between number theory, the theory of automorphic forms, and geometry. It was proposed by the Canadian mathematician Robert Langlands (1967, 1970). It seeks to relate the structure of Galois groups in algebraic number theory to automorphic forms and, more generally, the representation theory of algebraic groups over local fields and adeles.
Cerro Ciento
Cerro Ciento, at 11,154 feet (3,400 m) above sea level is the tenth highest peak in the Boulder Mountains of Idaho.  Located in the Hemingway–Boulders Wilderness of Sawtooth National Recreation Area on the border of Blaine and Custer counties, Cerro Ciento is about 0.8 miles (1,300 m) north of Easley Peak. Cerro Ciento is the 80th highest peak in Idaho.

The easiest route is an off-trail class 2 scramble from the end of the Spring Creek Road, which can be accessed from Idaho State Highway 75. The peak is easily visible from the highway and Galena Summit.

Idaho State Highway 75
State Highway 75 is a two-lane highway in the western United States that travels through the Sawtooth Valley of central Idaho. The highway's southern terminus is in Shoshone, and its northern is near Challis.  It is designated as one of Idaho's scenic byways and provides access to Sawtooth National Recreation Area and primarily follows the Big Wood River in the south and the main Salmon River in the north, divided by Galena Summit.
NGC 6440
NGC 6440 is a globular cluster of stars in the southern constellation of Sagittarius. It was discovered by German-English astronomer William Herschel on 28 May 1786. With an apparent visual magnitude of 9.3 and an angular diameter of 4.4′, it can be observed as a fuzzy blob when viewed through a small telescope. Its Shapley–Sawyer Concentration Class is V.

This cluster is located at a distance of 27.1 ± 1.3 kly (8.3 ± 0.4 kpc) from the Sun. It is situated toward the galactic bulge of the Milky Way, about 26 kly (8.0 kpc) from the Galactic Center. The center of the cluster is fairly concentrated, but does not appear to have undergone a core collapse. It has a core radius of 0.85 ly (0.26 pc), and a half-mass radius of 6.6 ly (2.02 pc). Observations suggest it is one of the most metal–rich globular clusters in the galaxy, and it is close to solar metallicity. NGC 6440 is a rich target for Astrophysical X-ray sources. As of 2022, thirteen pulsars have been discovered in NGC 6440.

Angular diameter
The angular diameter, angular width, angular size, apparent diameter, or apparent size is an angular separation (in units of angle) describing how large a sphere or circle appears from a given point of view. In the vision sciences, it is called the visual angle, and in optics, it is the angular aperture (of a lens). The angular diameter can alternatively be thought of as the angular displacement through which an eye or camera must rotate to look from one side of an apparent circle to the opposite side.

A person can resolve with their naked eyes diameters down to about 1 arcminute (approximately 0.017° or 0.0003 radians). This corresponds to 0.3 m at a 1 km distance, or to perceiving Venus as a disk under optimal conditions.
Ponto Org
Ponto Org (English: dot org)  is a 2012 Brazilian independent drama film directed by Patrícia Moran.

Ponto Org follows Diamantino and Bárbara, who try to help three street boys of São Paulo. The film was shot in 2010 and despite being a fictional drama depicts the harsh reality of the homeless in a city like São Paulo.

Cinema of Brazil
Cinema of Brazil refers to the film industry based in Brazil. The Brazilian cinema was introduced early in the 20th century but took some time to consolidate itself as a popular form of entertainment. Its film industry has gone through periods of ups and downs, a reflection of its dependency on state funding and incentives.
U.S. Route 41 in Kentucky
U.S. Route 41 (US 41) in the state of Kentucky is a north–south United States Numbered Highway that runs from Miami, Florida, to Copper Harbor, Michigan. In Kentucky, the highway is primarily paralleled by the Pennyrile Parkway and Interstate 69. It enters Kentucky in the Todd County community of Guthrie, and leaves the state north of Henderson into  Evansville. The total length of US 41 through Kentucky is a total of 106.952 miles (172.123 km).

Copper Harbor, Michigan
Copper Harbor is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located in Keweenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is located within Grant Township. The population of the CDP was 136 as of the 2020 census.

The community is located at the northern tip of the Keweenaw Peninsula and is the northernmost permanently populated community in the state. Due to its natural environment and surroundings, which include Fort Wilkins Historic State Park, Copper Harbor is marketed as an all-season tourist destination.
Sandneshamn
Sandneshamn is a village in Tromsø Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is located on the western part of the island of Kvaløya along the Kattfjorden and Norwegian County Road 862, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of the village of Sommarøy. The village consists of an old 1930s house and several newer houses. The village is home to fish farming. The Otervik Tunnel is located immediately west of this village.

Troms
Troms (Norwegian: [trʊms] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Romsa; Kven: Tromssa; Finnish: Tromssa) is a  county in northern Norway. It borders Finnmark county to the northeast and Nordland county in the southwest. Norrbotten Län in Sweden is located to the south and further southeast is a shorter border with Lapland Province in Finland. To the west is the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean). The county had a population of 169,610 in 2024.

The entire county, which was established in 1866, is located north of the Arctic Circle. The Troms County Municipality is the governing body for the county, elected by the people of Troms, while the Troms county governor is a representative of the King and Government of Norway.

From January 2020 to December 2023, Troms was merged with the neighboring Finnmark county to create the new Troms og Finnmark county. This merger was reversed by the government resulting from the 2021 Norwegian parliamentary election.
Duxianqin
The duxianqin is a Chinese plucked string instrument with only one string; it is derived from the Vietnamese đàn bầu. Chinese sources describe duxianqin as being an instrument of the Jing (also spelled Gin or Kinh) ethnic group, who are ethnic Vietnamese living in China. It is still commonly played by this ethnic group. Sometimes the body of the instrument is made from a large tube of bamboo rather than wood, which is more common in Vietnam.

Demographics of Vietnam
Demographic features of the population of Vietnam include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Ethnic Vietnamese, or the Viet people (known officially as Kinh), mostly live in the lowlands and speak Vietnamese, while other ethnic groups also speak a variety of languages; together, these communities contribute to the country's diverse demographic composition. Originating in northern Vietnam, the Viet gradually pushed southward and make up much of Vietnam's political landscape. A Vietnamese diaspora can also be found worldwide.

Vietnam's population reached just over 100 million in 2023, making it the 15th largest country by population in the world. It is predicted that by 2035, Vietnam will become an aged society.
Karumanoor
Karumanur is an agriculture-based village in the Tiruchengode taluk of Namakkal district in Tamil Nadu state of India. This village is located at a distance of 16.5 km from Tiruchengode, 31 km from Salem city and 41 km from the district headquarters Namakkal. [1] It is situated in the south-western direction of Salem and north-eastern direction of Tiruchengode, just 3.5 km south from Mahendra Engineering college, Mallasamudram West.

Namakkal
Namakkal (Tamil: [nɑːməkkəl]) is a city and the headquarters of Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu. It is the first ISO 14001-2004 certified municipality in Asia for environmental management, specifically the provision and maintenance of water supply, solid waste and sewage management, town planning, lighting and other social services. Namakkal is known as the Egg City due to its large egg production and Transport city.
International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients
The International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI) is a group of unique identifiers for cosmetic ingredients such as waxes, oils, pigments, and other chemicals that are assigned in accordance with rules established by the Personal Care Products Council (PCPC), previously the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association (CTFA). INCI names often differ greatly from systematic chemical nomenclature or from more common trivial names and is a mixture of conventional scientific names, Latin and English words. INCI nomenclature conventions "are continually reviewed and modified when necessary to reflect changes in the industry, technology, and new ingredient developments".

Pigment
A pigment is a chemical compound that gives a substance or organism color, or is used by humans to add or alter color or change visual appearance. Pigments are completely or nearly insoluble and chemically unreactive in water or another medium; in contrast, dyes are colored substances which are soluble or go into solution at some stage in their use. Dyes are often organic compounds whereas pigments are often inorganic. Pigments of prehistoric and historic value include ochre, charcoal, and lapis lazuli. Biological pigments are compounds produced by living organisms that provide coloration.
HMS Vengeance (1800)
HMS Vengeance was originally the 48-gun French Navy frigate Vengeance and lead ship of her class. She engaged USS Constellation during the Quasi-War, in an inconclusive engagement that left both ships heavily damaged. During the French Revolutionary Wars, HMS Seine hunted Vengeance down and captured her after a sharp action. She was recommissioned in the Royal Navy as the 38-gun fifth rate HMS Vengeance, but the British apparently never returned her to seagoing service. Accounts are divided as to her eventual fate. She may have been broken up in 1803 after grounding in 1801, or continued as a prison ship until 1814.

National Maritime Museum
The National Maritime Museum (NMM) is a maritime museum in Greenwich, London. It is part of Royal Museums Greenwich, a network of museums in the Maritime Greenwich World Heritage Site. Like other publicly funded national museums in the United Kingdom, it has no general admission charge; there are admission charges for most side-gallery temporary exhibitions, usually supplemented by many loaned works from other museums.
Unicorn Peak (California)
Unicorn Peak is a peak, in Tuolumne Meadows, Yosemite National Park. Unicorn Peak is due east of Cathedral Peak, and the north summit is highest.

Unicorn Peak is part of the Cathedral Range.

All three of Unicorn Peak, Cockscomb Peak, and Cathedral Peak qualify as nunataks, islands that stood above the ice, when the last ice age created glaciers in the area. During the Tioga glaciation the peak projected above the glaciers, which carved and sharpened the peak's bases while plucking away at its sides.

Cathedral Range
The Cathedral Range is a mountain range immediately to the south of Tuolumne Meadows in Yosemite National Park. The range is an offshoot of the Sierra Nevada. The range is named after Cathedral Peak, which resembles a cathedral spire.
Léon François Chervet
Léon François Chervet was a French sculptor, a representative of the high quality of design and execution engendered by the training of the official French École des Beaux-Arts, even among artists of the second rank in reputation.

His allegorical sculpture, now called "Amphitrite" (illustration) is his only public sculpture. She formerly stood on the façade of the Palais du Trocadéro, Paris, built for the Exposition Universelle (1878) and demolished to make way for the Exposition of 1937. She was preserved and offered to the city of Agde, where, as "Amphitrite", she now symbolizes Agde's maritime vocation in the place de la Marine.

Chervet exhibited at the annual salons at the Palais des Champs-Elysées, Paris, often hors concours, as sculptures acquired by the State

Allegorical sculpture
Allegorical sculpture are sculptures of personifications of abstract ideas, as in allegory. Common in the western world, for example, are statues of Lady Justice representing justice, traditionally holding scales and a sword, and the statues of Prudence, representing Truth by holding a mirror and squeezing a serpent.

This approach uses the human form and its posture, gesture, clothing and props to wordlessly convey social values and themes.
It may be seen in funerary art as early as 1580. They were used on Renaissance monuments when patron saints became unacceptable. Particularly popular were the four cardinal virtues and the three Christian virtues, but others such as fame, victory, hope, and time are also represented. The use of allegorical sculpture was fully developed under the École des Beaux-Arts. It is sometimes associated with Victorian art, and is commonly found in works dating from around 1900.
N-Phenylglycine
N-Phenylglycine is an organic compound with the formula C6H5NHCH2CO2H.  This white solid achieved fame as the industrial precursor to indigo dye.  It is a non-proteinogenic alpha amino acid related to sarcosine, but with an N-phenyl group in place of N-methyl.

Phenyl group
In organic chemistry, the phenyl group, or phenyl ring, is a cyclic group of atoms with the formula C6H5−, and is often represented by the pseudoelement symbol Ph (archaically φ) or Ø. The phenyl group is closely related to benzene and can be viewed as a benzene ring, minus a hydrogen atom, which may be replaced by some other element or compound to serve as a functional group. A phenyl group has six carbon atoms bonded together in a hexagonal planar ring, five of which are bonded to individual hydrogen atoms, with the remaining carbon bonded to a substituent. Phenyl groups are commonplace in organic chemistry. Although often depicted with alternating double and single bonds, the phenyl group is chemically aromatic and has equal bond lengths between carbon atoms in the ring.
Annibale Pastore
Valentino Annibale Pastore (13 November 1868 - 27 February 1956) was an Italian philosopher and logician.

Pastore was born in Orbassano.

He studied literature at the University of Turin under Arturo Graf. His thesis La vita delle forme letterarie (The life of literary forms) was published in 1892 in Turin. Pastore then turned to philosophy, influenced by the works of Pasquale d'Ercole, Friedrich Kiesow, Antonio Garbasso, and Giuseppe Peano, publishing his own thesis Sopra le teorie della scienza: logica, matematica, fisica (On the theories of science: logic, mathematics, physics) in 1903.

He was a professor in Turin from 1913 until 1939, leading a laboratory of "experimental logic". He eventually focused on logical aspects and procedures in science. His 1914-1915 seminary upon the concept of homo faber influenced Antonio Gramsci in his theories about the fonction of intellectuals in a capitalist society.

Pastore died in Turin.

University of Turin
The University of Turin (Italian: Università degli Studi di Torino, UNITO) is a public research university in the city of Turin, in the Piedmont region of Italy. It is one of the oldest universities in Europe and continues to play an important role in research and training.
Purattasi
Purattasi is the sixth month of the Tamil calendar. The name of the month is derived from the position of the Moon near the Pooratathi nakshatra (star) on the pournami (full moon) day. The month corresponds to kar kaalam (monsoon season) and falls in September–October in the Gregorian calendar.

In the Hindu lunar calendar, it corresponds to the sixth month of Bhadrapada, falling in the Gregorian months of August–September.

In the Hindu solar calendar, it corresponds to the sixth month of Kanya and begins with the Sun's entry into Virgo.

In the Vaishnav calendar, it corresponds to the sixth month of Hrishikesha.

Solar calendar
A solar calendar is a calendar whose dates indicates the season or almost equivalently the apparent position of the Sun relative to the stars. The Gregorian calendar, widely accepted as a standard in the world, is an example of a solar calendar. The main other types of calendar are lunar calendar and lunisolar calendar, whose months correspond to cycles of Moon phases. The months of the Gregorian calendar do not correspond to cycles of the Moon phase.

The Egyptians appear to have been the first to develop a solar calendar, using as a fixed point the annual sunrise reappearance of the Dog Star—Sirius, or Sothis—in the eastern sky, which coincided with the annual flooding of the Nile River. They constructed a calendar of 365 days, consisting of 12 months of 30 days each, with 5 days added at the year’s end. The Egyptians’ failure to account for the extra fraction of a day, however, caused their calendar to drift gradually into error.
National Reserve System
The National Reserve System (NRS) is a network of more than 10,000 protected areas in Australia which, in combination, on a national scale, protect more than 137 million hectares (340×10^6 acres), more than 17% of the Australian continent, of unique biodiversity and most significant ecological landscapes for future generations. The aim of the NRS is protect the diversity of all native landscapes, flora and fauna across Australia through strategic habitat protection. It consists of public, indigenous and privately protected areas of land and inland freshwaters.

As part of the National Reserve System Cooperative Program, the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia framework was developed as a planning tool to assist in identifying areas of priority.

Cultural landscape
Cultural landscape is a term used in the fields of geography, ecology, and heritage studies, to describe a symbiosis of human activity and environment. As defined by the World Heritage Committee, it is the "cultural properties [that] represent the combined works of nature and of man" and falls into three main categories:

"a landscape designed and created intentionally by man"

an "organically evolved landscape" which may be a "relict (or fossil) landscape" or a "continuing landscape"

an "associative cultural landscape" which may be valued because of the "religious, artistic or cultural associations of the natural element."
Weno
Weno, formerly Moen, is an island municipality of Chuuk State of the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). It is the largest town in the FSM and the capital of Chuuk. It has an estimated area of 20 square kilometers.

Square kilometre
The square kilometre (square kilometer in American spelling; symbol: km2) is a multiple of the square metre, the SI unit of area or surface area. In the SI unit of area (m2), 1 km2 is equal to 1M(m2).

1 km2 is equal to:

1,000,000 square metres (m2)

100 hectares (ha)

It is also approximately equal to:

0.3861 square miles

247.1 acres

Conversely:

1 m2 = 0.000001 (10−6) km2

1 hectare = 0.01 (10−2) km2

1 square mile = 2.5899 km2

1 acre = about 0.004047 km2

The symbol "km2" means (km)2, square kilometre and not k(m2), kilo–square metre. For example, 3 km2 is equal to 3×(1,000m)2 = 3,000,000 m2, not 3,000 m2.