hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Swedish Parliament Act of 1810
The 1810 Riksdag Act was passed by Parliament on 10 February 1810 during the reign of Charles XIII. It replaced the order of the estates meetings in 1617 reintroduced by Gustav III via the Union and Security Act instead of the Riksdag Act 1723. The 1810 parliamentary regime was adopted after Sweden lost Finland and Gustav IV Adolf was pushed aside in a coup. Charles XIII was subsequently appointed regent and then king, and after that a new form of government, the Government of 1809, was adopted. A notice of parliament which adopted the parliamentary order was issued in March 1809.

Charles XIII
Charles XIII or Carl XIII (Swedish: Karl XIII; 7 October 1748 – 5 February 1818) was King of Sweden from 1809 and King of Norway from 1814 to his death. He was the second son (and younger brother to King Gustav III) of King Adolf Frederick of Sweden and Louisa Ulrika of Prussia, sister of Frederick the Great.

Though known as King Charles XIII in Sweden, he was actually the seventh Swedish king by that name, as Charles IX (reigned 1604–1611) had adopted his numeral after studying a fictitious history of Sweden. In Norway, he is known as Charles II.
Advantest
Advantest Corporation (株式会社アドバンテスト) is a Japanese leading manufacturer of automatic test equipment (ATE) for the semiconductor industry, and a manufacturer of measuring instruments used in the design, production and maintenance of electronic systems including fiber optic and wireless communications equipment and digital consumer products. Based in Tokyo, Advantest produces Memory, SoC and RF test systems.

Automatic test equipment
Automatic test equipment or automated test equipment (ATE) is any apparatus that performs tests on a device, known as the device under test (DUT), equipment under test (EUT) or unit under test (UUT), using automation to quickly perform measurements and evaluate the test results. An ATE can be a simple computer-controlled digital multimeter, or a complicated system containing dozens of complex test instruments (real or simulated electronic test equipment) capable of automatically testing and diagnosing faults in sophisticated electronic packaged parts or on wafer testing, including system on chips and integrated circuits.

ATE is widely used in the electronic manufacturing industry to test electronic components and systems after being fabricated. ATE is also used to test avionics and the electronic modules in automobiles. It is used in military applications like radar and wireless communication.
Blank Blackout Vacant
Blank Blackout Vacant is the fourth studio album by Poison Idea. It was released in 1992 by Vinyl Solution in the UK and Taang! Records in the US.  An expanded double LP version was released by TKO Records and the band's American Leather Records in 2020

Vinyl Solution
Vinyl Solution was a record label of the late 1980s and early 1990s, the offshoot of an independent London-based record store based at 231 Portobello Road (now known as Intoxica Records). The label signed many unconventional acts in a number of uncompromising genres, such as skatepunk thrash band The Stupids, Britcore rappers Gunshot, and Bomb Disneyland. The label had its biggest success when one of the label's techno-dance groups, Bizarre Inc, made the UK Singles Chart with the song "Playing with Knives".
E. Michael Gerli
E. Michael Gerli  is an American Hispanist and cultural historian, known for his work on medieval and early modern Iberian literature and intellectual history, particularly on La Celestina and the works of Miguel de Cervantes.

He is Commonwealth Professor of Spanish emeritus at the University of Virginia and his research and work focuses on Medieval Hispanic philology and literature. His scholarship included sixteen authored or edited books and 200 articles and essays on Romance philology, intellectual history, and literary criticism.

He is the recipient of Modern Language Association’s Katherine Singer Kovács Prize.

Hispanism
Hispanism (sometimes referred to as Hispanic studies or Spanish studies) is the study of the literature and culture of the Spanish-speaking world, principally that of Spain and Hispanic America. It may also entail studying Spanish language and cultural history in the United States and in other presently or formerly Spanish-speaking countries in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific, such as Equatorial Guinea and the former Spanish East Indies.

A hispanist is a scholar specializing in Hispanicism. It was used in an article by Miguel de Unamuno in 1908 referring to 'el hispanista italiano Farinelli', and was discussed at length for the U.S. by Hispanist Richard L. Kagan of Johns Hopkins University. The work carried out by Hispanists includes translations of literature and they may specialize in certain genres, authors or historical periods of the Iberian Peninsula and Hispanic America, etc.
Mark Benton
Mark Benton (born 16 November 1965) is an English actor and television presenter known for his roles as Eddie in Early Doors, Howard in Northern Lights, Martin Pond in Barbara and the eponymous Frank Hathaway in Shakespeare & Hathaway: Private Investigators. Benton has also starred in the BBC One school-based drama series Waterloo Road as mathematics teacher Daniel "Chalky" Chalk from 2011 to 2014. In 2013, Benton took part in Strictly Come Dancing; further, in 2015, he hosted the daytime game show The Edge.

Barbara (TV series)
Barbara is a British sitcom starring Gwen Taylor in the title role. A pilot was broadcast in 1995 by Central Television, and three series were then televised on ITV from 1999 to 2003 by Carlton Television. It was filmed at Carlton Studios in Nottingham in front of a live studio audience. The majority of location scenes for the series were filmed in various suburbs of Nottingham, including Mapperley and West Bridgford, with other scenes filmed around Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire.
Violet Bank Historic District
The Violet Bank Historic District encompasses a historic streetcar suburban area of Colonial Heights, Virginia.  The area, originally part of the large Violet Bank plantation, was platted and subdivided in the early 20th century, with development restrictions that resulted in a significant uniformity of layout within the subdivisions.  Specific restrictions against flat roofs and fencing between yards are still evident in the building constructed in the area, which includes 237 primarily residential buildings on about 50 acres (20 ha) of land.  The district includes the original Violet Bank plantation house, now a museum.

The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.

Colonial Heights, Virginia
Colonial Heights is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,170. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the City of Colonial Heights (along with the City of Petersburg) with Dinwiddie County for statistical purposes.

Colonial Heights is located in the Tri-Cities area of the Richmond Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA).
McGown Lakes
The McGown Lakes are a series of seven small alpine glacial lakes in Custer County, Idaho, United States, located in the Sawtooth Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area. The lakes are in the Stanley Lake Creek watershed and can be accessed from Sawtooth National Forest trail 640.

The McGown Lakes are in the Sawtooth Wilderness, and a wilderness permit can be obtained at a registration box at trailheads or wilderness boundaries. Sawtooth Lake is located to the east of the McGown Lakes, although in a separate watershed.

Sawtooth Wilderness
The Sawtooth Wilderness is a federally-protected wilderness area that covers 217,088 acres (87,852 ha) of the state of Idaho. Managed by the U.S. Forest Service in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it was designated the Sawtooth Primitive Area in 1937 to preserve the scenic beauty of the Sawtooth Mountains. On August 22, 1972 Public Law 92-400 designated the Primitive Area as the Sawtooth Wilderness and part of the newly created Sawtooth National Recreation Area. As part of the National Wilderness Preservation System, the Sawtooth Wilderness is an area where human development and use are restricted and people are to remain only visitors. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, the Sawtooth Wilderness has some of the clearest air in the lower 48 states.
Lunda, Ohio
Lunda is an unincorporated community in Liberty Township, Union County, Ohio, United States. It is located at the intersection of Lunda Road (Union County Highway 252) and Perkins Road (Union County Highway 248), about three miles southeast of West Mansfield.

The Lunda Post office was established on August 18, 1896, but was discontinued on February 14, 1906. The mail service is now sent through the West Mansfield branch.

West Mansfield, Ohio
West Mansfield (officially the Village of West Mansfield) is a village located in Logan County, Ohio, United States. The population was 749 at the 2020 census.

A branch of the Logan County District Library serves the West Mansfield community.
Oscar Kambona
Oscar Salathiel Kambona (13 August 1928 – 3 June 1997) was the first Minister of Foreign Affairs of Tanganyika from 1963 to 1966.

The son of the Reverend David Kambona and Miriam Kambona, Kambona's father was among the first African priests to be ordained into the Anglican Church of Tanganyika. He received his elementary school education at home taught by his parents and uncle, all of whom were teachers. Kambona was then sent to St. Barnabas Middle School in Liuli, Southern Tanganyika, near his home. He subsequently attended Alliance Secondary School in Dodoma, Central Tanganyika.

Anglican Church of Tanzania
The Anglican Church of Tanzania (ACT; Swahili: Kanisa la Anglikana la Tanzania) is a province of the Anglican Communion based in Dodoma. It consists of 28 dioceses (27 on the Tanzanian mainland, and 1 on Zanzibar) headed by their respective bishops. It seceded from the Province of East Africa in 1970, which it shared with Kenya. The current primate and archbishop is Maimbo Mndolwa, enthroned on 20 May 2018. In 2002, the Anglican Church of Tanzania claimed 2.5 million members. In 2016, peer-review research in the Journal of Anglican Studies, published by Cambridge University Press, reported that there were 2,000,000 members of the Anglican Church of Tanzania. In 2017, Growth and Decline in the Anglican Communion: 1980 to the Present, published by Routledge, collected research reporting there were 3,318,000 Anglicans in Tanzania.

Christianity portal
Bardolatry
Bardolatry is excessive admiration of William Shakespeare. Shakespeare has been known as "the Bard" since the eighteenth century. One who idolizes Shakespeare is known as a bardolator.
The term bardolatry, derived from Shakespeare's sobriquet "the Bard of Avon" and the Greek word latria "worship" (as in idolatry, worship of idols), was coined by George Bernard Shaw in the preface to his collection Three Plays for Puritans published in 1901. Shaw professed to dislike Shakespeare as a thinker and philosopher because Shaw believed that Shakespeare did not engage with social problems as Shaw did in his own plays. Shaw argued that the new naturalism of Henrik Ibsen's plays had made Shakespeare obsolete.

Sobriquet
A sobriquet (/ˈsoʊ.brɪ.ˌkeɪ, ˌsoʊ.brɪ.ˈkeɪ/ SOH-brih-kay, -⁠KAY) is a descriptive nickname, sometimes assumed, but often given by another. A sobriquet is distinct from a pseudonym in that it is typically a familiar name used in place of a real name without the need for explanation; it may even become more familiar than the original name.

An example is Mohandas Gandhi, who is better known as Mahatma Gandhi ("mahatma" means "great soul" in Sanskrit).

The term sobriquet is equally applicable as a name for a person, group of people, historical event, or place. Well-known places often have sobriquets, such as New York City, often called the "Big Apple", or Rome, the "Eternal City", or Vienna, the "Golden Apple" or Paris the "City of Light".
Self Help Serenade
Self Help Serenade is the debut album by American indie rock band Marjorie Fair, first released in the United Kingdom and Europe on May 31, 2004, and in the United States on July 19, 2005. The album was produced and mixed by Rob Schnapf, "Empty Room" was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, and the album features guest contributions from Jon Brion and Joey Waronker. "Empty Room" was not included on the UK pressings of the album.

"Empty Room" was featured in the One Tree Hill episode "An Attempt to Tip the Scales" (3.4).

The band were dropped from Capitol Records after the album's release, and the band did not release another album until 2016's I Am My Own Rainbow.

Jon Brion
Jon Brion (born December 11, 1963) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and composer. He performed with the Excerpts, the Bats, 'Til Tuesday, and the Grays before becoming an established producer and film score composer.

Brion has produced music for artists and bands including Of Montreal, Aimee Mann, Love Jones, Eels, Fiona Apple, Robyn Hitchcock, Rhett Miller, The Crystal Method, Frank Ocean, Kanye West, Sky Ferreira and Mac Miller. According to Stereogum, Brion's work on Mann's first solo albums "lay the groundwork for a sound that became synonymous with a strain of notable alternative acts at the turn of the century".

Brion's film scores include  Hard Eight (1996), Magnolia (1999), Punch-Drunk Love (2002), Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, and I Heart Huckabees (both 2004), Synecdoche, New York (2008), ParaNorman (2012), Lady Bird (2017), and Christopher Robin (2018). He released his debut solo album, Meaningless, in 2001.
Rudolph Matt
Rudolph Matt (10 September 1909 in St. Anton am Arlberg – 18 November 1993 in Innsbruck) was an Austrian alpine skier and world champion.

Matt became a world champion in the slalom in Innsbruck in 1936, before fellow Austrian Eberhard Kneissl, and finished 6th in the downhill and 4th in the combined event.

At the world championships in Engelberg in 1939 he finished 4th in the slalom.

During the Second World War, Matt escaped to Mount Cranmore in New Hampshire.

Downhill (ski competition)
Downhill is a form of alpine skiing competition. Whereas the other alpine skiing events (slalom, giant slalom, super giant slalom, and combined) emphasize turning and technique, downhill emphasizes "the six components of technique, courage, speed, risk, physical condition and judgement", according to the FIS "International Ski Competition Rules (ICR)". Speeds of up to 130 km/h (81 mph) are common in international competition. Athletes must have an aerodynamically efficient tuck position to minimize drag and increase speed.

The term, "downhill skiing", is also used as a synonym for alpine skiing as a recreational activity.
James Brett
James Brett could refer to:

James Brett (cricketer), English cricketer who played in the 1800s

James Seymour Brett (born 1974), English composer and conductor

James T. Brett (born 1949), American politician

Jim Brett, American business executive

Jim Brett
James Brett is an American business executive in retail merchandising. He served as CEO of J.Crew from July 2017 until November 2018. He previously held positions at West Elm, J. C. Penney, May Company, Anthropologie, and Urban Outfitters.
Stenoptilia convexa
Stenoptilia convexa is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in Russia's Caucasus region.

The wingspan is 20–22 mm. The forewings are coffee brown, nearly without markings. Adults have been recorded in July.

Pterophoridae
The Pterophoridae or plume moths are a family of Lepidoptera with unusually modified wings, giving them the shape of a narrow winged airplane. Though they belong to the Apoditrysia like the larger moths and the butterflies, unlike these they are tiny and were formerly included among the assemblage called "microlepidoptera".
Okotoks Drillers
The Okotoks Drillers were a AAA senior men's ice hockey team based in Okotoks, Alberta, Canada, that competed in the Chinook Hockey League. The club was founded in 2013 as an AA affiliate of the Chinook Hockey League and gained AAA affiliate status in 2014 after winning the 2014 Investors Group Hockey Alberta Provincial Senior AA Championship.  The Drillers played their home games at the Scott Seaman Sports Rink.

Okotoks
Okotoks (/ˈoʊkətoʊks/ OH-kə-tohks, originally /ˈɒkətɒks/ OK-ə-toks) is a town in the Calgary Region of Alberta, Canada. It is on the Sheep River, approximately 38 km (24 mi) south of Downtown Calgary. Okotoks has emerged as a bedroom community of Calgary. According to the 2021 Federal Census, the town has a population of 30,214, making it one of the largest towns in Alberta.
Xinghua Prefecture
Xinghua Prefecture (興化軍府) was a Song dynasty military prefecture created in 979, under the administration of Fujian Circuit. It was abolished by the Mongol Yuan dynasty in 1277.

Its administrative area is roughly modern Putian and Xianyou County.

Putian
Putian (Chinese: 莆田, Putian dialect: Pó-chéng), also known as Puyang (莆阳) and Puxian (莆仙), historically known as Hinghwa/Hinghua/Henghua (simplified Chinese: 兴化; traditional Chinese: 興化), is a prefecture-level city in Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. It borders Fuzhou to the north, Quanzhou to the south, and the Taiwan Strait's Xinghua Bay to the east. Mulan River flows through the city.
Matilda Bruckner
Matilda Tomaryn Bruckner is an American scholar of medieval French literature. She is an authority on French romance from the twelfth and thirteenth century, and author and editor of four books on romance, Chrétien de Troyes, and the women troubadours.

Medieval French literature
Medieval French literature is, for the purpose of this article, Medieval literature written in Oïl languages (particularly Old French and early Middle French) during the period from the eleventh century to the end of the fifteenth century.

The material and cultural conditions in France and associated territories around the year 1100 unleashed what the scholar Charles Homer Haskins termed the "Renaissance of the 12th century" and, for over the next hundred years, writers, "jongleurs", "clercs" and poets produced a profusion of remarkable creative works in all genres.  Although the dynastic struggles of the Hundred Years' War and the Black Death pandemic of the fourteenth century in many ways curtailed this creative production, the fifteenth century laid the groundwork for the French Renaissance.
Paolo Navigajoso
Paolo Navigajoso (died 1277) was a scion of the noble Venetian Navigajoso family and third Latin ruler of the island of Lemnos in Greece.

Paolo was the eldest son and heir of Leonardo Navigajoso. Upon his father's death in 1260, he inherited one-half of Lemnos as well as the title megadux of the Latin Empire, which he continued to use even though the Latin Empire fell to the Empire of Nicaea in 1261. Along with his two brothers, Filippo and Nicolao, and his cousins, Giovanni Foscari and Filocalo Gradenigo, who controlled the other half of the island, he opposed the Byzantines when they attacked the island in 1276 under Licario. However, Licario persisted and gradually took the island as the Latin princes fell in battle one by one. Nevertheless, the main fortress of Kastro continued to resist, and after Paolo was killed in 1277, his widow, Maria Sanudo, a daughter of Angelo Sanudo, continued to defend it until she was eventually forced to surrender it in 1278.

Megas doux
The megas doux (Greek: μέγας δούξ, pronounced [ˈmeɣaz ˈðuks], "grand duke") was one of the highest positions in the hierarchy of the later Byzantine Empire, denoting the commander-in-chief of the Byzantine navy. It is sometimes also given in English by the half-Latinizations megaduke or megadux. The Greek word δούξ is the Hellenized form of the Latin term dux, meaning leader or commander.
WAAZ-FM
WAAZ-FM (104.7 MHz) is a commercial FM radio station broadcasting a country music format. Licensed to Crestview, Florida, United States, the station serves the Ft Walton Beach metropolitan area.  The station's 100,000 watt signal can be heard in parts of the Florida Panhandle and Southern Alabama.   The station is owned by Crestview Broadcasting Company, Inc. with its studios and transmitter off West First Avenue.

The station is off the air from 12 am to 5 am local time from Monday through Saturdays, and from 12 am to 7 am local time on Sundays because the station is 100 percent live with no automation.

In early 2013, the station got a facelift in its equipment, along with a website and audio stream.

WAAZ-FM carries Atlanta Braves baseball and Troy University sports as well as news from CBS News Radio.

Crestview–Fort Walton Beach–Destin metropolitan area
The Crestview–Fort Walton Beach–Destin, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is a metropolitan area consisting of Okaloosa and Walton counties in northwest Florida, with the principal cities of Crestview, Fort Walton Beach, and Destin. As of the 2020 census, the MSA had a population of 286,993, up from 235,865 at the 2010 census.

The metropolitan area is a part of the "Northwest Corridor" which includes the Pensacola—Ferry Pass—Brent, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Panama City—Panama City Beach, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Shannon W. Boettcher
Shannon W. Boettcher (born 1981) is an American chemist and chemical engineer, and professor. He is the Theodore Vermeulen Professor in the Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Chemistry at UC Berkeley and was previously in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of Oregon. His research is at the intersection of materials science and electrochemistry, with a focus on fundamental aspects of energy conversion and storage. He has been named a DuPont Young Professor, a Cottrell Scholar, a Sloan Fellow, and a Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar. An ISI highly cited researcher (top 0.1% over past decade), in 2019, he founded the Oregon Center for Electrochemistry and, in 2020, launched the nation's first targeted graduate program in electrochemical technology. In 2021, he was named a Blavatnik National Award Finalist and in 2023 the Blavatnik National Award Laureate.

Sloan Research Fellowship
The Sloan Research Fellowships are awarded annually by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation since 1955 to "provide support and recognition to early-career scientists and scholars". This program is one of the oldest of its kind in the United States.

Fellowships were initially awarded in physics, chemistry, and mathematics. Awards were later added in neuroscience (1972), economics (1980), computer science (1993), computational and evolutionary molecular biology (2002), and ocean sciences or earth systems sciences (2012). Winners of these two-year fellowships are awarded $75,000, which may be spent on any expense supporting their research.  From 2012 through 2020, the foundation awarded 126 research fellowships each year; in 2021, 128 were awarded, and 118 were awarded in 2022.
Equestrian events at the 2007 Pan American Games
The Equestrian events included three disciplines: dressage, eventing, and show jumping, and were held at the Deodoro Military Club.

The competition is broken down into an individual and team competition for each discipline, for a total of 42 medals awarded. There are three members per team and one reserve rider in the dressage, and up to 4 team members in the eventing competition with only the top 3 member's scores taken for the final results.

Equestrian events at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Equestrian competitions in all three disciplines at the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics were held from 9 August to 21 August at the Hong Kong Sports Institute and Sheung Yue River in Hong Kong. It was the second time that the equestrian events were hosted by a member of the IOC other than the member hosting the main games (although this time the events were technically held in the same country as the main games). Unlike 1956, however, the equestrian events were part of the main games, and were held within the same period.