hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Château des Anglais (Autoire)
The Château des Anglais is a castle in the commune of Autoire in the Lot département of France.

The castle extends under a rocky cliff, partially overhanging, which limits its area. The only remains are a roofless corps de logis with a turret. The castle continues to the east with a further corps de logis and turret. Together, they formed a sort of narrow, extended keep, stuck to the rock which forms its lower wall. The keep was surrounded by a fortified village, slightly lower, comprising 22 square houses. A wall made of large blocks of stone encircled the village. Apart from this enclosure, which could be older, the village and the castle show evidence of 11th and 12th centuries origins.

Parts of the site are privately owned and parts are the property of the commune. It has been listed since 1925 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.

Lot (department)
Lot (French pronunciation: [lɔt]; Occitan: Òlt [ɔl]) is a department in the Occitanie region of France. Named after the Lot River, it lies in the southwestern part of the country and had a population of 174,094 in 2019. Its prefecture is Cahors; its subprefectures are Figeac and Gourdon.
Lava Cap Mine
The Lava Cap Mine is an abandoned gold mine in Nevada County, California.  The mine is located 5 miles (8.0 km) southeast of Nevada City.  The site is undergoing consideration to be designated a National Historical Landmark

Nevada County, California
Nevada County (/nɪˈvædə/ ⓘ niv-AD-ə; Nevada, Spanish for "Snowy") is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the Sierra Nevada. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 102,241. The county seat is Nevada City. Nevada County comprises the Truckee-Grass Valley micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Sacramento-Roseville combined statistical area, part of the Mother Lode Country.
Players Era Festival
The Players Era Festival is an American early-season college basketball tournament. The tournament takes place in Las Vegas, Nevada, with games being played at MGM Grand Garden Arena and Michelob Ultra Arena during the Thanksgiving week. The tournament was created to give at least $1 million toward each team's name, image and likeness (NIL). The inaugural edition was played during the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's basketball season.

Michelob Ultra Arena
Michelob Ultra Arena, formerly the Mandalay Bay Events Center, is a 12,000-seat multi-purpose indoor arena at the Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino, located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. It is owned and operated by MGM Resorts International, and was opened on April 10, 1999. MGM and brewing company Anheuser-Busch entered a naming-rights agreement in 2021, naming the arena after the company's Michelob Ultra beer.

It is the home arena for the Las Vegas Aces of the Women's National Basketball Association and was previously home to the Las Vegas Desert Dogs of the National Lacrosse League. The arena also hosts a variety of music, sports, and entertainment events.
Coug it
To "Coug it" is a tendency of the Washington State University Cougars football team to lose games via late-game collapses, odds-defying losses, "snatching defeat from the jaws of victory", and otherwise choking.

The tendency has been observed since at least the 1983 season and the phrase appeared in the 1984 edition of Chinook, the WSU yearbook. The concept was then popularized as "to Coug" by sportswriter John Blanchette in his Spokesman-Review column following the 1985 Cougars' 16–21 home loss to Arizona State in which they outgained the Sun Devils 445 yards to 217.

Couging it has been a part of WSU athletics culture for decades and the concept is frequently referenced in Pacific Northwest news media following a particularly embarrassing or surprising loss by the Cougars. Washington State University administrators have run internal and external campaigns to downplay the concept, and coaches, fans, and players have sought to reclaim the phrase via on-field success.

The Spokesman-Review
The Spokesman-Review is a daily broadsheet newspaper based in Spokane, Washington, the city's sole remaining daily publication. It has the third-highest readership among daily newspapers in the state, with most of its readership base in eastern Washington and northern Idaho.
DOS/32
DOS/32 is a 32-bit DOS extender created for replacing DOS/4GW extender and compatibles. This extender can be used in various environments, from embedded systems to DOS emulators, by both developers and end users alike. Unlike DOS/4GW, DOS/32 is free, open-source and can be extended to create a unique executable file that incorporates the extender memory tool and main application code.

Freeware
Freeware is software, often proprietary, that is distributed at no monetary cost to the end user. There is no agreed-upon set of rights, license, or EULA that defines freeware unambiguously; every publisher defines its own rules for the freeware it offers. For instance, modification, redistribution by third parties, and reverse engineering are permitted by some publishers but prohibited by others. Unlike with free and open-source software, which are also often distributed free of charge, the source code for freeware is typically not made available. Freeware may be intended to benefit its producer by, for example, encouraging sales of a more capable version, as in the freemium and shareware business models; or by collecting and selling user's personal data.
Harrelson Boulevard
Harrelson Boulevard is a four-lane highway in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, named for Myrtle Beach's first mayor Dr. W. Leroy Harrelson Sr., who was elected to office in 1938. It starts at U.S. 17, and goes to Myrtle Beach International Airport and runs near Coastal Grand Mall. The highway is also the southern terminus for Grissom Parkway. It replaced the two-lane Jetport Road.

As part of the project to expand the Myrtle Beach International Airport, Harrelson Boulevard was extended to U.S. 17 Business, with the official opening ceremony January 26, 2012.

The East Coast Greenway runs along Harrelson Boulevard.

Horry County, South Carolina
Horry County (/ˈɒriː/ OR-ree, silent "h" like its namesake Peter Horry) is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 351,029. It is the fourth-most populous county in South Carolina. The county seat is Conway. Horry County is the central county in the Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Pee Dee region of South Carolina, about 90 miles (140 km) north of Charleston, and about 130 miles (210 km) east of the state capital, Columbia.
Katsepy
Katsepy is a municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Mitsinjo, which is a part of Boeny Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 10,000 in 2001 commune census.

Katsepy has a maritime harbour. It is situated on the opposite side of the Betsiboka River from Mahajanga from where the town can be reached by a ferry.
Only primary schooling is available. Farming and raising livestock provides employment for 40% and 30% of the working population.  The most important crop is rice, while other important products are seeds of catechu and raffia palm.  Services provide employment for 1% of the population. Additionally fishing employs 29% of the population.

Before 2006, a project for building an ethanol plant was started. During two years, all studies are realized. However, the unsettled political climate in Madagascar  put an end to this project.

Senegalia catechu
Senegalia catechu, previously known as Acacia catechu, is a deciduous, thorny tree which grows up to 15 m (50 ft) in height. The plant is called kachu in Malay; the Malay name was Latinized to "catechu" in Linnaean taxonomy, as the species from which the extracts cutch and catechu are derived. Other common names for it include kher, catechu, cachou, cutchtree, black cutch, and black catechu.

Senegalia catechu is native to South Asia and Southeast Asia, including the Indian subcontinent, Myanmar, Cambodia and China (Yunnan).

Through derivatives of the flavanols in its extracts, the species has lent its name to the important catechins, catechols and catecholamines of chemistry and biology.
Vance Albitz
Vance Philip Albitz (born January 31, 1988) is an American former professional baseball infielder. He played college baseball for the UC San Diego Tritons and in Minor League Baseball for the St. Louis Cardinals and Los Angeles Angels organizations.

Torrance, California
Torrance is a city in the Los Angeles metropolitan area in southwestern Los Angeles County, California, United States, neighboring Redondo Beach, Rolling Hills Estates, Palos Verdes Estates, and Lomita. The city is part of what is known as the South Bay region. Torrance has a moderate year-round climate with average rainfall of 12 inches (300 mm) per year. Torrance has one and a half miles (2.4 km) of beachfront abutting Santa Monica Bay and 30 parks. It is the birthplace of the American Youth Soccer Organization (AYSO). The population was 147,067 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 139,576 in 2024.
Thompson/Center Arms
Thompson/Center Arms is an American firearms company based in Rochester, New Hampshire. The company was best known for its line of interchangeable-barrel, single-shot pistols and rifles. Thompson/Center also manufactures muzzle-loading rifles and was credited with creating the resurgence of their use in the 1970s.

.223 Remington
The .223 Remington, also known as 223 Remington by SAAMI  and 223 Rem. by the C.I.P., (pronounced "two-two-three") is a rimless, bottlenecked, centerfire intermediate cartridge. It was developed in 1957 by Remington Arms and Fairchild Industries for the U.S. Continental Army Command of the United States Army as part of a project to create a small-caliber, high-velocity firearm. Firing a .2245 in (5.70 mm) projectile, the .223 Remington is considered one of the most popular common-use cartridges and is used by a wide range of semi-automatic and manual-action rifles.
1984 Mauritanian coup d'état
The 1984 Mauritanian coup d'état was a bloodless military coup in Mauritania which took place on 12 December 1984.

The coup was led by the Army Chief of Staff, Colonel Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, who seized power in the capital Nouakchott while the President, Colonel Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla, was out of the country. Haidalla was attending a francophone summit in Bujumbura, Burundi. Taya had assumed the presidency of the 24-member ruling Military Committee for National Salvation (CMSN), a military junta which was created following an earlier coup in 1979.

Reports from Nouakchott said the coup had caused no disruption and business remained normal. Military reinforcements were evident near the radio and television stations and a few public buildings, the reports said.

After initially fleeing to Brazzaville, People's Republic of the Congo, Haidalla returned to the country a day later, and he was arrested and imprisoned until 1988.

Brazzaville
Brazzaville (French pronunciation: [bʁazavil]) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of the Congo. Administratively, it is a department and a commune. Constituting the financial and administrative centre of the country, it is located on the north side of the Congo River, opposite Kinshasa, the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo).

The population of the capital is estimated to exceed 2.1 million residents, comprising more than a third of the national populace. Some 40% are employed in non-agricultural professions. During World War II, Brazzaville served as the de facto capital of Free France between 1940 and 1942.

In 2013, Brazzaville was designated a City of Music by UNESCO; since then it has also been a member of the Creative Cities Network.
William Weiner
William Weiner (Hebrew: ויליאם ויינר; Armenian: Վիլյամ Վայներ; Russian: Вилья́м Макси́мович Ва́йнер, commonly known as Willy Weiner) (born 25 November 1955) is an Armenian–Israeli composer, violinist and vocalist; Meritorious Worker of Art of Armenia (2008); a member of the Israel Composers League (2013); president of the Jewish cultural center "Menorah" in Armenia (1994), and director of the Yerevan State Chamber Choir (2018).

Jewish culture
Jewish culture is the culture of the Jewish people, from its formation in ancient times until the current age. Judaism itself is not simply a faith-based religion, but an orthopraxy and ethnoreligion, pertaining to deed, practice, and identity. Jewish culture covers many aspects, including religion and worldviews, literature, media, and cinema, art and architecture, cuisine and traditional dress, attitudes to gender, marriage, family, social customs and lifestyles, music and dance. Some elements of Jewish culture come from within Judaism, others from the interaction of Jews with host populations, and others still from the inner social and cultural dynamics of the community. Before the 18th century, religion dominated virtually all aspects of Jewish life, and infused culture. Since the advent of secularization, wholly secular Jewish culture emerged likewise.
Robert W. McCollum
Robert Wayne McCollum Jr. (January 29, 1925 – September 13, 2010) was an American virologist and epidemiologist who made pioneering studies into the nature and spread of polio, hepatitis and mononucleosis while at the Yale School of Medicine, after which he served for nearly a decade as Dean of the Dartmouth Medical School.

Yale School of Medicine
The Yale School of Medicine is the medical school of Yale University, a private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut. It was founded in 1810 as the Medical Institution of Yale College and formally opened in 1813. It is the sixth-oldest medical school in the United States.

The school’s faculty clinical practice is Yale Medicine. Yale School of Medicine has a strong affiliation with its primary teaching hospital, Yale New Haven Hospital and the Yale New Haven Health System. The school is home to the Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, which is one of the country’s largest modern medical libraries and is known for its historical collections.

For the class of 2028, the school received 5,669 applications to fill 104 seats in the MD Program. This puts the acceptance rate at about 1.6%. The median GPA for the class was 3.94, and the median MCAT score was 521.
December 1946 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Sunday, December 8, 1946, with an umbral magnitude of 1.1639. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring only about 6.5 hours before perigee (on December 9, 1946, at 0:15 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

Umbra, penumbra and antumbra
The umbra, penumbra and antumbra are three distinct parts of a shadow, created by any light source after impinging on an opaque object of lesser size. In cases of equal or smaller impinging objects, only an umbra and penumbra are generated. Assuming no diffraction, for a collimated beam (such as a point source) of light, only the umbra is cast.

These phenomena are generally observed within solar systems, as the size of the stars within the system are larger than the orbiting satellites, hence these terms are most often used for the shadows cast by celestial bodies, though they are sometimes used to describe levels of darkness, such as in sunspots.
1995 World Mountain Running Trophy
The 1995 World Mountain Running Championships was the 11th edition of the global mountain running competition, World Mountain Running Championships, organised by the World Mountain Running Association and was held in Edinburgh, Scotland on 10 September 1995.

World Mountain Running Association
The World Mountain Running Association (WMRA), formerly the International Committee for Mountain Running, is the global governing body of mountain running.

For World Athletics purposes, mountain running takes place on terrain that is mainly off-road, but if there is significant elevation gain on the route, surfaced roads may be used. Courses involve considerable amounts of ascent (for mainly uphill races), or both ascent and descent (for up and down races with the start and finish at similar heights). The average incline is normally between five and twenty percent. Courses are clearly marked and should avoid dangerous sections.
The Boxing Cats (Prof. Welton's)
The Boxing Cats (Prof. Welton's), or simply Boxing Cats, is an 1894 American short silent film directed by William K.L. Dickson and William Heise, and starring Henry Welton. It depicts a boxing match between two cats, each wearing a pair of boxing gloves. The two cats were members of Welton's touring "cat circus", which reportedly also featured cats riding bicycles.

The Boxing Cats was filmed in Thomas Edison's Black Maria studio in West Orange, New Jersey, on 35 mm. The film has been described as a precursor to cat videos popular on the Internet.

William Heise
William Heise (c. 1847 – February 14, 1910) was a German-born American film cinematographer and director, active in the 1890s and credited for more than 175 short silent films. Heise filmed a "We All Smoke" skit promoting Admiral Cigarettes in 1897.

Heise is best known for "directing" The Kiss, an 1896 short film that depicted a kiss between May Irwin and John Rice. Direction, at this early stage in cinema, consisted mainly of pointing a stationary camera in one direction and capturing whatever action transpired within the frame. Along with W. K. L. Dickson, Heise was one of the most prolific filmmakers of the nascent days of cinema. He worked with Dickson on many of the early shorts, capturing numerous scenes of everyday life as well as different aspects of performance and sport. One example of the Heise-Dickson collaboration is The Dickson Experimental Sound Film. He served as cinematographer on 1894's Bucking Broncho and many others.
The Graveyard and the Ballroom
The Graveyard and the Ballroom is the debut album by the English post-punk band A Certain Ratio, released in January 1980 by record label Factory. It was produced by Martin Hannett. It was originally released only as a cassette, designed by Peter Saville. The album has been re-released on CD by Creation Records in 1994 and by Mute Records in 2017. The latter also reissued the album on vinyl, replicating the original PVC pouch of the cassette release.

The reissued album spent five weeks in the UK Independent Chart, peaking at number 29.

Peter Saville (graphic designer)
Peter Andrew Saville CBE RDI (born 9 October 1955) is an English art director and graphic designer. He designed many record sleeves for Factory Records, which he co-founded in 1978 alongside Tony Wilson and Alan Erasmus.
Springwell Village
Springwell Village is a village in the City of Sunderland, bordering Gateshead, approximately 7.6 miles (12.2 km) from Newcastle upon Tyne, 9 miles (14 km) from Sunderland, and 13 miles (21 km) from Durham. In 2011, Census data for the City of Sunderland ward of Washington West recorded a total population of 11,833.

The village is home to one church, Springwell Village Methodist Church, as well as three shops and two local pubs – The Guidepost in the centre of the village, and The Ship on the outskirts. The area surrounding the village consists mainly of farmland, as well as land used for equestrian activities.

Newcastle International Airport
Newcastle International Airport (IATA: NCL, ICAO: EGNT) is an international airport serving Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Located approximately 7.7 mi (12.4 km) from Newcastle City Centre, it is the primary and busiest airport in North East England, and the second busiest in Northern England. In 2019, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, Newcastle International handled 5.2 million passengers annually.

Newcastle Airport has a Civil Aviation Authority Public Use Aerodrome Licence (Number P725) that allows flights for the public transport of passengers or for flying instruction.

In 2019, it was named the best airport in Europe of those serving 5–15 million passengers annually by Airports Council International (ACI) for the second consecutive year.
Colonel Mordaunt's Cock Match
Colonel Mordaunt's Cock Match, sometimes called Colonel Mordaunt's Cock Fight, is a painting by the German British artist Johan Zoffany, from 1788. It records British colonial life in the Indian court of Asaf-Ud-Dowlah. The painting was completed in February 1788, four years after the event it records. The painting is part of the Tate Britain collection. A recent cleaning has revealed the original colours and made more apparent what appears to be an erection visible on the Nawab of Oudh, the central figure.

Johan Zoffany
Johan / Johann Joseph Zoffany RA (born Johannes Josephus Zaufallij; 13 March 1733 – 11 November 1810) was a German neoclassical painter who was active mainly in England, Italy, and India. His works appear in many prominent British collections, including the National Gallery, the Tate Gallery and the Royal Collection, as well as institutions in continental Europe, India, the United States and Australia. His name is sometimes spelled Zoffani or Zauffelij (on his grave, it is spelled Zoffanij).
Robert Lawson (author)
Robert Lawson (October 4, 1892 – May 27, 1957) was an American writer and artist, best known for his work as an author and  illustrator of children's literature. Lawson won the prestigious Caldecott Medal in 1941 for his illustrations in They Were Strong and Good and the Newbery Medal in 1945 for his work on Rabbit Hill; he is one of the few people to have won both medals. In addition to his work in children's books, Lawson also created etchings, which earned him the John Taylor Arms Prize from the Society of American Etchers in 1931.  His artwork, including etchings, prints, works in pen and ink, and pencil on paper, is held in prominent collections such as the Smithsonian American Art Museum and the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Paperboard
Paperboard is a thick paper-based material. According to ISO standards, paperboard is a paper with a grammage above 250 g/m2, but there are exceptions. Paperboard can be single- or multi-ply. The related term box board dates at least to the 1790s. Terminology and classifications of paperboard are not always uniform.

To produce paperboard, fibrous material is turned into pulp and bleached to create one or more layers of board, which can be optionally coated for a better surface and/or improved appearance. Pulp board is produced on pulping machines that can handle higher grammage than paper and several plies.