hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Millenarianism
Millenarianism or millenarism (from Latin  millenarius 'containing a thousand' and  -ism) is the belief held by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed". Millenarianism exists in various cultures and religions worldwide, with various interpretations of what constitutes a transformation.

These movements believe in radical changes to society after a major cataclysm or transformative event.

Millenarianist movements can be secular (not espousing a particular religion) or religious in nature, and are therefore not necessarily linked to millennialist movements in Christianity.

Traditional Christian millenarianism has roots in "Jewish apocalyptic belief, Zoroastrianism, and Babylonian astrology",
mediated through the Biblical canon.

Social transformation
In sociology, social transformation is a somewhat ambiguous term that has two broad definitions.

One definition of social transformation is the process by which an individual alters the socially ascribed social status of their parents into a socially achieved status for themselves (status transformation). Another definition refers to large scale social change as in cultural reforms or transformations (societal transformation). The first occurs with the individual, the second with the social system.
Chen Ming-chang
Chen Ming-chang (陳明章) (Chinese: 陳明章; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tân Bêng-chiong, born July 4, 1956) is a Taiwanese folk singer, guitarist, Taiwanese yueqin player, composer, and producer born in Beitou.  He is known for writing scores for the Hou Hsiao-Hsien films Dust in the Wind (1985) and The Puppetmaster (1993), as well as for songs such as "She Is Our Darling" (伊是咱的寶貝, 1993) and "Wandering to Tamsui" (流浪到淡水, 1995).  He is stylistically known for singing primarily in Taiwanese Hokkien, incorporating traditional styles and instruments into his music, as well as songs that represent the Taiwanese underclass.

Beiguan music
Beiguan (Chinese: 北管; pinyin: Běiguǎn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pak-kóan) is a type of traditional music, melody and theatrical performance between the 17th and mid-20th centuries. It was widespread in Taiwan. By the early 21st century its popularity had declined precipitously.

Beiguan usually uses the following instruments: two suona (oboes), bangzi (woodblock), daluo (large bossed gong), xiaoluo (small gong), bangu (high-pitched drum), tonggu (small drum), xiaobo (small cymbals), and dabo (large cymbals) and pipa. It may also use dagu (large drum), various huqin, and plucked instruments.
Doron Lancet
Doron Lancet (Hebrew: דורון לנצט) is an Israeli human geneticist. He is the Ralph D. and Lois R. Silver Professor of Human Genomics and head of the Crown Human Genome Center at the Weizmann Institute of Science. He is known for researching the genetic basis of olfaction, for developing the human genetics database GeneCards, and for his work on Abiogenesis and the development of the Gard model.

Weizmann Institute of Science
The Weizmann Institute of Science (or simply Weizmann; Hebrew: מכון ויצמן למדע Machon Weizmann LeMada) was established in 1934 as a public research university in Rehovot, fourteen years before the State of Israel was founded.

The institute is now a multidisciplinary research center, employing around 3,800 scientists, postdoctoral fellows, Ph.D. and M.Sc. students, and scientific, technical, and administrative staff working at the institute.  Unlike other Israeli universities, it exclusively offers postgraduate-only degrees in the natural and exact sciences.

As of 2019, the Weizmann Institute of Science has been associated with six Nobel laureates and three Turing Award winners.
KNDD
KNDD (107.7 FM, "107.7 The End") is a commercial radio station in Seattle, Washington. It is owned by Audacy, Inc. and airs an alternative rock radio format.  Its studios are located on Fifth Avenue in Downtown Seattle.  The station broadcasts with an effective radiated power (ERP) of 68,000 watts.  It transmits from a tower 707 meters (2,320 ft) in height above average terrain (HAAT) near Issaquah, Washington, on Tiger Mountain.

KNDD broadcasts in HD.  Its HD2 subchannel airs an LGBTQ Talk/EDM format known as Channel Q, which also feeds a 250-watt FM translator in Seattle, 103.3 K277AE.

Issaquah, Washington
Issaquah (/ˈɪsəkwɑː/ ISS-ə-kwah) is a city in King County, Washington, United States. The population was 40,051 at the 2020 census. Located in a valley and bisected by Interstate 90, the city is bordered by the Sammamish Plateau to the north and the "Issaquah Alps" to the south. It is home to the headquarters of the multinational retail company Costco Wholesale Corporation. Issaquah is included in the Seattle metropolitan area.
WBZT
WBZT (1230 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a sports gambling format. Licensed to West Palm Beach, Florida, United States, the station serves the West Palm Beach area.  With a synchronous amplifier in Pompano Beach, it also covers Fort Lauderdale. The station is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc.

Pompano Beach, Florida
Pompano Beach (/ˈpɒmpənoʊ/ POM-pə-noh) is a city in Broward County, Florida, United States. It is located along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean, just north of Fort Lauderdale and 36 miles north of Miami. The nearby Hillsboro Inlet forms part of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway. It is a principal city of the Miami metropolitan area, which was home to 6.14 million people in 2020. As of the 2020 census, the population was 112,046, making it the sixth-largest city in Broward County, the ninth-largest city in the South Florida metropolitan area, and the 20th-largest city in Florida.

Pompano Beach Airpark, located within the city, is the home of the Goodyear Blimp Spirit of Innovation.
David Dunlop (RAAF officer)
Air Vice Marshal David Joseph Dunlop, CSC (born 11 February 1949) is a retired officer of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). He is married to another retired officer, Air Vice Marshal Julie Hammer.

Dunlop was awarded a Conspicuous Service Cross in 1995 in recognition of service to the RAAF in the field of F-111 aircraft operations.

Air vice-marshal (Australia)
Air vice-marshal (abbreviated as AVM) is the third highest active rank of the Royal Australian Air Force and was created as a direct equivalent of the British Royal Air Force rank of air vice-marshal.  It is also considered a two-star rank.  The Australian Air Corps adopted the RAF rank system on 9 November 1920 and this usage was continued by its successor, the Royal Australian Air Force.

Air vice-marshal is a higher rank than air commodore and is a lower rank than air marshal. Air vice-marshal is a direct equivalent of rear admiral in the Royal Australian Navy and major general in the Australian Army.

The insignia is one light blue band (on a slightly wider black band) over a light blue band on a black broad band.

The equivalent rank in the Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force, was 'air chief commandant'.
West Runton Cliffs
West Runton Cliffs is a 17.8-hectare (44-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of Sheringham in Norfolk, England. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.

This site is important because it exposes a succession of warm and cold stages in the middle Pleistocene between about 2 million and 400,000 years ago, including the notably fossiliferous Cromer Forest Bed. It shows a succession of advances and retreats of the sea, and it is the stratotype for the Cromerian Stage.

The beach is open to the public.

Cromerian Stage
The Cromerian Stage or Cromerian Complex, also called the Cromerian (German: Cromerium), is a stage in the Pleistocene glacial history of north-western Europe, mostly occurring more than half a million years ago. It is named after the East Anglian town of Cromer in Great Britain where interglacial deposits that accumulated during part of this stage were first discovered. The stratotype for this interglacial is the Cromer Forest Bed situated at the bottom of the coastal cliff near West Runton. The Cromerian stage preceded the Anglian and Elsterian glacials and show an absence of glacial deposits in western Europe, which led to the historical terms Cromerian interglacial and the Cromerian warm period (German: Kromer-Warmzeit). It is now known that the Cromerian consisted of multiple glacial and interglacial periods.
Aleksandr Rudakov (naval officer)
Aleksandr Ilich Rudakov (Russian: Александр Иванович Рудаков; 1817–1875) was a Russian naval officer and chief manager of the Russian-American Company.

Born in 1817, Rudakov was trained in the Sea Cadet Corps from 1829 to 1832. Throughout the 1830s he toured in the Baltic, Black and the Mediterranean Seas, participating in operations against Imam Shamil. He was promoted to midshipman on 19 December 1834 and to lieutenant on 14 April 1840. He was chief manager of the Russian-American Company's colonies from 1853 to 1854.

Rudakov eventually was promoted to Vice-Admiral, on 1 January 1865 and retired five years later.

Naval Cadet Corps (Russia)
The Naval Cadet Corps (Russian: Морской кадетский корпус, romanized: Morskoy kadetskiy korpus), occasionally translated as the Marine Cadet Corps or the Sea Cadet Corps, was an educational establishment for educating naval officers for commissioning in the Imperial Russian Navy in Saint Petersburg. The Saint Petersburg Naval Institute traces its lineage from the Naval Cadet Corps.
Rudziszki
Rudziszki [ruˈd͡ʑiʂki] (German: Raudischken, from 1938-45 Raudingen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Węgorzewo, within Węgorzewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Węgorzewo and 96 km (60 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Węgorzewo
Węgorzewo (Polish pronunciation: [vɛŋɡɔˈʐɛvɔ] ⓘ; until 1946 Polish: Węgobork; German: Angerburg) is a tourist town on the Angrapa River in northeastern Poland, within the ethnographic region of Masuria. It is the seat of Węgorzewo County in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and is located not far from the border with Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast. Lake Mamry is close to the town.
Mary Coustas
Mary Coustas (born 16 September 1964) is an Australian actress, comedian and television personality and writer. Originally from Melbourne, Coustas often performs as the character "Effie", a stereotypical second-generation Greek Australian prone to malapropisms. She completed a Bachelor of Arts at Deakin University in Melbourne, majoring in performing arts and sub-majoring in journalism.

Coustas won the Logie Award for Most Popular Comedy Personality in 1993.

Malapropism
A malapropism (/ˈmæləprɒpɪzəm/; also called a malaprop, acyrologia or Dogberryism) is the incorrect use of a word in place of a word with a similar sound, either unintentionally or for comedic effect, resulting in a nonsensical, often humorous utterance. An example is the statement attributed to baseball player Yogi Berra, regarding switch hitters, "He hits from both sides of the plate. He's amphibious", with the accidental use of amphibious rather than the intended ambidextrous. Malapropisms often occur as errors in natural speech and are sometimes the subject of media attention, especially when made by politicians or other prominent individuals.
Wallau
Wallau (German pronunciation: [ˈvalaʊ]) in Taunus is a quarter of Hofheim in Main-Taunus-Kreis in Hesse, Germany, and has a population of 4,442 (as of 31 December 2019).

An archaeological testament to the prehistoric occupation of the area was made when rich Celtic graves were discovered on the west edge of the village in 1959. The first documentary mention of Wallau is in a 950 deed from a donation of Otto I in which the village is referred to as Wanaloha.  In 1563 a Latin school was founded and in 1572 a weekly market.

Wallau became part of Hofheim in 1977.

Main-Taunus-Kreis
Main-Taunus is a Kreis (district) in the middle of Hessen, Germany and is part of the Frankfurt/Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region as well as the Frankfurt urban area. Neighboring districts are Hochtaunuskreis, district-free Frankfurt, Groß-Gerau, district-free Wiesbaden, Rheingau-Taunus. It is the second most densely populated rural district in Germany.
Best Canadian Stories
Best Canadian Stories is an annual, anthology-like publication and curated selection of short stories in English by Canadian authors in a given calendar year. The texts are generally reprints from Canadian literary magazines, though authors were encouraged, at least in the 1970s, to send their texts directly to the publisher. While literary magazines have a small audience and a generally "ephemeral" character, they are also some of Canada's most prestigious literary fora, e.g. The Malahat Review, Literary Review of Canada, or venues for Canadian writers, e.g. the Jewish Review. First published in 1972 under the title New Canadian Stories, the series quickly became a forum for new and upcoming writers. Beyond its literary focus, the series may be considered a venue for the spread of new Canadianisms and of artful experimentation with Canadian English.

Originally published by Oberon Press in Ottawa, since 2017 the series has been with Biblioasis in Windsor, Ontario.

A Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles
A Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles (DCHP)  is a historical usage dictionary of words, expressions, or meanings which are native to Canada or which are distinctively characteristic of Canadian English  though not necessarily exclusive to Canada. The first edition was published by W. J. Gage Limited in 1967. The text of this first edition was scanned and  released as a free-access online dictionary in 2013.

A second edition of A Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles (DCHP-2), was then created by expanding and partially revising the first edition's data set. DCHP-2 was published in 2017 as an academic project by the University of British Columbia, and is only available as a free-access online dictionary.

A third edition (DCHP-3), this time in mobile-friendly format, was released in 2025 with 181 new meanings relating to minoritized groups and the originally more informal vocabulary.
Fatherland Union
Fatherland Union is a translated name for:

Pro Patria Union, a defunct political party in Estonia

Homeland Union – Lithuanian Christian Democrats, a political party in Lithuania

Patriotic Union, a political party in Liechtenstein

See also: Fatherland

Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein)
The Patriotic Union (German: Vaterländische Union, lit. 'Fatherland Union', VU) is a liberal-conservative political party in Liechtenstein. The VU is one of the two major political parties in Liechtenstein, along with the monarchist-conservative Progressive Citizens' Party (FBP). The VU is the relatively more liberal of the two parties, supporting a constitutional monarchy and advocating for greater democratic governance. Since 2021, it is led by Thomas Zwiefelhofer and holds ten seats in the 25-member Landtag of Liechtenstein.
Multidistrict litigation
In United States law, multidistrict litigation (MDL) refers to a special federal legal procedure designed to speed the process for handling complex cases with numerous plaintiffs making similar claims, such as air disaster litigation or complex product liability suits.

Civil procedure
Civil procedure is the body of law that sets out the rules and regulations along with some standards that courts follow when adjudicating civil lawsuits (as opposed to procedures in criminal law matters). These rules govern how a lawsuit or case may be commenced; what kind of service of process (if any) is required; the types of pleadings or statements of case, motions or applications, and orders allowed in civil cases; the timing and manner of depositions and discovery or disclosure; the conduct of trials; the process for judgment; the process for post-trial procedures; various available remedies; and how the courts and clerks must function.
Lorenzo's Time
Lorenzo's Time is a 2012 Philippine television drama series broadcast by ABS-CBN. Directed by Jerome C. Pobocan and Claudio "Tots" Sanchez-Mariscal IV, it stars Zaijian Jaranilla and Carmina Villarroel. It aired on the network's Primetime Bida line up and worldwide on TFC from July 2 to October 5, 2012, replacing Dahil sa Pag-ibig and was replaced by Ina, Kapatid, Anak.

This series was streaming on Jeepney TV.

The Filipino Channel
The Filipino Channel, commonly known as TFC, is a global subscription television network owned and operated by the Filipino media conglomerate ABS-CBN Corporation. Its programming is composed primarily of imported programs produced and distributed by ABS-CBN Studios and ABS-CBN News, targeting the Filipino diaspora. Available globally on various television platforms, TFC was launched on September 24, 1994, becoming the world's first trans-Pacific Asian broadcaster.

As of 2016, The Filipino Channel has over three million subscribers worldwide in over 40 countries across 4 continents, most of its subscribers are in United States, Canada, Middle East, Europe, Australia, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, and Hong Kong.
Plicosepalus sagittifolius
Plicosepalus sagittifolius is a woody, photosynthesising, parasitic plant species that grows on the branches of mostly Acacia-species, by means of tapping roots. It has glaucus, leathery, entire, 1–6 cm long leaves set oppositely along the stem, with umbels of initially long up-curved pale greenish-yellow buds, that open explosively, the petals usually bright yellow, strongly curling, long stamens and style clear red, orange or pink, and quickly falling after fertilisation. The initially green oval berries color red when ripe. The species is assigned to the showy mistletoe family. In the Afar language it is called hatote, while the vernacular name in the Oromo language is dertu dedacha.

Afar language
Afar, also known as ’Afar af, Qafar af,  or عَفَر أَف, is an Afroasiatic language belonging to the Cushitic branch, primarily spoken by the Afar people, native to parts of Djibouti, Eritrea and Ethiopia. It is an official language in Ethiopia; and a national language in Djibouti and Eritrea. Afar is officially written in the Latin script and has over 2.6 million speakers.
IRiver P7
The iRiver P7 is a flash memory based portable media player (PMP) that was developed and sold by iRiver in 4 GB, 8 GB and 16 GB variants. It was announced at the 2009 Consumer Electronics Show.

The P7 has a minimalist design and its form factor tablet styled, with a then large display of 4.3 inch. It features a range of capabilities including music and video, FM radio and voice recording, but does not have web browsing. The Flash-based home screen is modelled after a magazine layout. However unlike the iriver Spinn, there are no Flash games on the P7. There is also a mono speaker on its back and an SD card slot. It comes with a stylus.

Video formats that the P7 supports are: WMV, AVI, MP4 and FLV, with codec support for H.264, MPEG-2, MPEG-4 and XviD. As with many previous iRiver players, it has SRS WOW sound equaliser and enhancement technology.

Adobe Flash
Adobe Flash (formerly Macromedia Flash and FutureSplash) is a mostly discontinued multimedia software platform used for production of animations, rich internet applications, desktop applications, mobile apps, mobile games, and embedded web browser video players.
Singapore men's national volleyball team
The Singapore men's national volleyball team is the men's national volleyball team of Singapore.
The Singapore men's national volleyball team represents Singapore in international men's volleyball competitions and friendly matches.

They qualified for the 1979 Asian Men's Volleyball Championship.

1979 Asian Men's Volleyball Championship
The 1979 Asian Men's Volleyball Championship was the second staging of the Asian Men's Volleyball Championship, a quadrennial international volleyball tournament organised by the Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) with Bahrain Volleyball Association (BHV). The tournament was held in Manama, Bahrain from 16 to 23 December 1979.
Michal Benedikovič
Michal Benedikovič (31 May 1923 – 18 April 2007) was a Slovak football player. He played for Czechoslovakia, for which he played 7 matches.

He was part of the Czechoslovakia squad at the 1954 FIFA World Cup but did not play in the tournament.

Benedikovič played club football for Spartak Trnava and Slovan Bratislava, with whom he won two Czechoslovak First League titles in 1951 and 1955.

Czechoslovak First League
The Czechoslovak First League (Czech: 1. fotbalová liga, Slovak: 1. futbalová liga) was the premier football league in Czechoslovakia from 1925 to 1993, with the exception of World War II. Czechoslovakia was occupied by German forces who formed Gauliga Sudetenland and Gauliga Böhmen und Mähren leagues on occupied territories. Until the 1934-35 season, no teams from Slovakia participated in the league.

Czechs were allowed to run their own league in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, while Slovaks were granted their own independent Slovak State and created their own league. After the World War II the league was recreated.
Marcos Ruiz (triple jumper)
Marcos Ruiz Perez (born 10 March 1995) is a Spanish triple jumper. He became Spanish indoor national champion in 2025. He has competed for Spain at major championships, including the 2025 World Athletics Indoor Championships.

2025 World Athletics Indoor Championships
The 20th World Athletics Indoor Championships were held from 21 to 23 March 2025 in Nanjing, People's Republic of China, at the newly built Nanjing's Cube gymnasium in the Nanjing Youth Olympic Sports Park.

Nanjing was originally due to host the World Athletics Indoor Championships in 2020, then in 2021, and then again in 2023, but all these dates were cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic regulations in China. The 2022 edition took place in Belgrade, Serbia, and the 2024 edition in Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Arculf Map of Jerusalem
The Arculf Map of Jerusalem is an ancient ground plan map of the city of Jerusalem which was published in manuscripts of the first book of De Locis Sanctis by Arculf via Adomnán, dated to 680 CE. Not all the known manuscripts of the text include the maps and plans. The earliest known manuscript showing the map dates from the ninth century, two centuries after Arculf's journey.

It was the oldest known map of Jerusalem prior to the discovery of the Madaba Map.

Map
A map is a symbolic depiction of interrelationships, commonly spatial, between things within a space. A map may be annotated with text and graphics. Like any graphic, a map may be fixed to paper or other durable media, or may be displayed on a transitory medium such as a computer screen. Some maps change interactively. Although maps are commonly used to depict geographic elements, they may represent any space, real or fictional. The subject being mapped may be two-dimensional such as Earth's surface, three-dimensional such as Earth's interior, or from an abstract space of any dimension.

Maps of geographic territory have a very long tradition and have existed from ancient times. The word "map" comes from the medieval Latin: Mappa mundi, wherein mappa meant 'napkin' or 'cloth' and mundi 'of the world'. Thus, "map" became a shortened term referring to a flat representation of Earth's surface.