hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Royall Tyler
Royall Tyler (June 18, 1757 – August 26, 1826) was an American jurist, teacher and playwright. He was born in Boston, graduated from Harvard University in 1776, and then served in the Massachusetts militia during the American Revolution.  He was admitted to the bar in 1780, became a lawyer, and fathered eleven children.  In 1801, he was appointed a Justice of the Vermont Supreme Court.  He wrote a play, The Contrast, which was produced in 1787 in New York City, shortly after George Washington's inauguration.  It is considered the first American comedy.  Washington attended the production, which was well-received, and Tyler became a literary celebrity.

The House of the Seven Gables
The House of the Seven Gables: A Romance is a Gothic novel written beginning in mid-1850 by American author Nathaniel Hawthorne and published in April 1851 by Ticknor and Fields of Boston. The novel follows a New England family and their ancestral home. In the book, Hawthorne explores themes of guilt, retribution, and atonement, and colors the tale with suggestions of the supernatural and witchcraft. The setting for the book was inspired by the Turner-Ingersoll Mansion, a gabled house in Salem, Massachusetts, belonging to Hawthorne's cousin Susanna Ingersoll, as well as ancestors of Hawthorne who had played a part in the Salem Witch Trials of 1692. The book was well received upon publication and has been adapted several times to film and television.
Tonga Mahuta
Tonga Mahuta (c. 1897 – 13 March 1947) was a New Zealand tribal leader. He was the fourth surviving son of Mahuta, the third Māori King, and a younger brother of the fourth king, Te Rata. He belonged to the Ngati Mahuta iwi of the Waikato confederation.

Tonga was one of five sons of Mahuta and Te Marae, a daughter of Amukete (Amuketi) Te Kerei, a chief who was killed at the Battle of Rangiriri in 1863. He was probably born in Hukanui, Waikato, in 1897. His elder brothers were Te Rata, Taipu (who died in March 1926) and Tumate, and he had a younger brother Te Rauangaanga.

He also played rugby league and represented the South Auckland team Waikato. In 1922 he was part of the team which won the Northern Union Challenge Cup from Auckland 21-20.

In 1935, he was awarded the King George V Silver Jubilee Medal.

Waikato Tainui
Waikato Tainui, Waikato or Tainui is a group of Māori iwi based in the Waikato Region, in the western central region of New Zealand's North Island. It is part of the larger Tainui confederation of Polynesian settlers who arrived to New Zealand on the Tainui waka (migration canoe). The tribe is named after the Waikato River, which plays a large part in its history and culture.

Pōtatau Te Wherowhero, the first Māori king, was a member of the Ngāti Mahuta hapu (sub-tribe) of Waikato iwi, and his descendants have succeeded him. The king movement is based at Tūrangawaewae marae (meeting place) in Ngāruawāhia.

The Waikato-Tainui iwi comprises 33 hapū (sub-tribes) and 68 marae (family groupings), with a population of over 80,000 tribal members who affiliate to it. In the 2023 New Zealand census, 47,664 people gave Waikato as an affiliation. Hamilton City is now the tribe's largest population centre, but Ngāruawāhia remains its historical centre and modern capital.
Sippican River
The Sippican River ("long river") is a short river in Massachusetts, United States.

The Sippican River is 6.2 miles (10.0 km) long, arising from east and west branches in the towns of Mattapoisett, Marion (once known as Sippican), and Rochester, Massachusetts. Each branch flows through a complex system of cranberry bogs and reservoirs, and empties a short distance away through Wareham into Buzzards Bay near the Weweantic River mouth.

As of 2006, efforts are underway to restore the native alewife population to the river.

Mattapoisett, Massachusetts
Mattapoisett is a town in Plymouth County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 6,508 at the 2020 census. Mattapoisett Center is located in the town.

Mattapoisett is a part of the South Coast region of Massachusetts which encompasses the cities and towns that surround Buzzards Bay (excluding the Elizabeth Islands, Bourne and Falmouth), Mount Hope Bay and the Sakonnet River.
Machecoul station
Machecoul is a railway station in Machecoul, Pays de la Loire, France. The station is located on the Nantes–La Roche-sur-Yon via Sainte-Pazanne railway. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by the SNCF:

local services (TER Pays de la Loire) Nantes - Sainte-Pazanne - Saint-Gilles-Croix-de-Vie

Pays de la Loire
Pays de la Loire (French pronunciation: [pe.i d(ə) la lwaʁ]) is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France, located on the country's Atlantic coast. It was created in the 1950s to serve as a zone of influence for its capital and most populated city, Nantes, one of a handful of French "balancing metropolises" (métropoles d'équilibre). In 2020, Pays de la Loire had a population of 3,832,120.
Conor Olphert
Conor Olphert (born 28 December 1995) is an Irish cricketer from Northern Ireland. He made his List A debut on 28 September 2020, for North West Warriors in the 2020 Inter-Provincial Cup. On 11 January 2021, Olphert was added to Ireland's squad as a net bowler for their matches against the United Arab Emirates and Afghanistan. In February 2021, Olphert was part of the intake for the Cricket Ireland Academy. He made his Twenty20 debut on 18 September 2021, for North West Warriors in the 2021 Inter-Provincial Trophy. In May 2022, Cricket Ireland awarded Olphert a nine-month contract.

North West Warriors
North West Warriors is one of four provincial cricket teams in Ireland. Along with the Leinster Lightning, Northern Knights and Munster Reds, it makes up the Inter-Provincial Championship, Inter-Provincial Cup & Inter-Provincial Trophy.

The team is located in the west of Ulster province containing areas of the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. The team managed by North West of Ireland Cricket Union.
Carlo Lambardi
Carlo Lambardi or Lombardi (1559 – 1620) was an Italian architect of the late-Renaissance and early-Baroque period, active mainly in Rome.

He was born in Arezzo. He labored on the Palazzo Aldobrandini in the Quirinal district, the facade of Santa Prisca, and villa Giustinianini outside of Porta del Popolo. He wrote a book about the flooding of the Tiber.

During the reign of Pope Paul V, he was commissioned to design the marble portico and facade for the church of Santa Francesca Romana in the Roman Forum; this work was commissioned by Olivetan monks from a monastery adjacent to the church.

Quirinal Hill
The Quirinal Hill (/ˈkwɪrɪnəl/ KWIRR-in-əl; Latin: Collis Quirinalis; Italian: Quirinale [kwiriˈnaːle]) is one of the Seven Hills of Rome, at the north-east of the city center. It is the location of the official residence of the Italian head of state, who resides in the Quirinal Palace; by metonymy "the Quirinal" has come to stand for the Italian president. The Quirinal Palace has an area of 1.2 million ft2 (11 ha; 28 acres).
Il bambino cattivo
Il bambino cattivo ("The naughty child") is a television film released in 2013, directed by Pupi Avati and produced by Rai Fiction. It was broadcast on November 20, 2013, on Rai 1 and Rai HD on the occasion of International Children's Day.

The film was made in collaboration with the Autorità Garante per l'Infanzia e l'Adolescenza.

Children's Day
Children's Day is a commemorative date celebrated annually in honour of children, whose date of observance varies by country. 
In 1925, International Children's Day was first proclaimed in Geneva during the World Conference on Child Welfare. Since 1950, it is celebrated on 1 June in many countries that were part of the Eastern Bloc and Non-Aligned Movement, which follow the suggestion from Women's International Democratic Federation. World Children's Day is celebrated on 20 November to commemorate the issuance of the Declaration of the Rights of the Child by the UN General Assembly on 20 November 1959, along with the adoption of the Convention on the Rights of the Child on that date in 1989. In some countries, it is Children's Week and not Children's Day.
George Ernest Morrison
George Ernest Morrison (4 February 1862 – 30 May 1920) was an Australian journalist, political adviser to and representative of the government of the Republic of China during World War I, and owner of the then largest Asiatic library ever assembled.

Lüshunkou, Dalian
Lüshunkou District (also Lyushunkou District; 旅顺口区), commonly known as Lüshun (旅顺), is a district of Dalian, Liaoning province, China. The district has an area of 512.15 km2 (197.74 sq mi) and a permanent population of 398,579 as of 2020.

Lüshunkou is located at the extreme southern tip of the Liaodong Peninsula. It has a natural harbor, the possession and control of which became a casus belli of the Russo-Japanese War (1904–05). Japanese and then Russian administration was established in 1895 and continued until 1905 when control was ceded to Japan. During that period, it was world-famous and was more significant than the other port on the peninsula, Dalian proper.

Lüshunkou was formerly known as both Port Arthur (Russian: Порт-Артур, romanized: Port-Artur) and Ryojun (Japanese: 旅順). After World War II, it was returned to China as Lüshun City. In 1960, Lüshun was redesignated as a district of Dalian (known as Lüda until 1981).
Aleksije Jelačić
Aleksije (Aleksej) Jelačić (Russian: Алексей Елачич; Serbian Cyrillic: Алексије (Алексеј) Јелачић; January 10, 1892 – October 24, 1941) was a Serbian historian.

Jelačić was born in Kiev to a family of South Slavic descent. His ancestors came from Croatia.

He became a senior lecturer at the Saint Vladimir University in Kiev. He emigrated to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in 1920 and earned his doctor of philosophy from the University of Ljubljana in 1924.  He then became a professor at the University in Skopje.

Jelačić authored research on historical and literary themes including protopope Avvakum, Dostoevsky, the history of Russia, Russian revolution, and history of Czechoslovakia, Poland, and other Slavic countries.

He died in Belgrade in 1941.

Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje
The Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje (UKIM) (Macedonian: Универзитет „Св. Кирил и Методиј“ во Скопје (УКИМ), romanized: Univerzitet "Sv. Kiril i Metodij" vo Skopje (UKIM)) is a public research university in Skopje, North Macedonia. It is the oldest and largest public university in the country. It is named after the Byzantine Christian theologians and missionaries Cyril and Methodius. As of 2018–19 school year, a total of 25,220 students are enrolled at the university. Furthermore, the teaching and research staff number 2,390 people; this is further supported by over 300 members in the university's institutions.

The primary language of instruction is Macedonian, but there are a number of courses which are carried out in English, German, French, Italian and Albanian.
Latin iota
Latin iota (majuscule: Ɩ, minuscule: ɩ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, based on the lowercase of the Greek letter iota (ι).

It was formerly used in the International Phonetic Alphabet to represent [ɪ] (the vowel in English "bit"). It was replaced by a small capital I (ɪ) in 1989, but it can still be found in use in some later works. Other variations are used for phonetic transcription: ⟨ᵼ⟩, ⟨ᶥ⟩.

Ɩ has been adopted as a letter in the alphabets of some African languages, such as Gurunɛ, Kabiyé or Mossi. Its capital form has a hook to distinguish it from capital I. The accented italic form ɩ is very often indistinguishable from the italic letter small I i in serif fonts.

Kabiye language
Kabiye ([kàbɪ̀jɛ̀]; also rendered Kabiyé, Kabiyè, Kabye, Kabyé, Kabyè, Cabrai or Cabrais) is an Eastern Gurunsi Gur language spoken primarily in northern Togo. Throughout the 20th century, there was extensive migration to the centre and south of Togo and also to Ghana and Benin. Kabiye speakers made up over 23% of the Togolese population in 1999.
Alonzo A. Loper
Alonzo A. Loper (March 23, 1829 – January 2, 1917) was a farmer and politician.

Born in Blenheim, New York, Loper moved to Cereso, (now Ripon, Wisconsin), Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin Territory in 1846. Loper was a farmer. He served as town treasurer and also served on the Fond du Lac County Board of Supervisors. Loper was active in the Republican Party. Loper served in the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1873 and then in the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1878 and 1879. In 1887 and 1888, Loper was deputy warden of the Waupun Correctional Institution. Loper died of heart failure in Ripon, Wisconsin.

Ripon, Wisconsin
Ripon (/ˈrɪpən/ RIH-pən) is a city in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 7,863 at the 2020 census. The city is surrounded by the Town of Ripon.

Ripon is home to the Little White Schoolhouse, where the Republican Party was founded.
2024 FIM Supercross World Championship
The 2024 FIM Supercross World Championship was a supercross series sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) as the world championship of the sport. This was the third season that the championship was organized by Australian promoter SX Global.

Ken Roczen was the reigning champion in the WSX class for 450cc motorcycles, whilst Max Anstie was the reigning champion in the SX2 class. Anstie only competed in the opening round as a wildcard, so did not defend his crown.

AMA Supercross Championship
The AMA Supercross Championship (commercially known as Monster Energy AMA Supercross) is an American motorcycle racing series. Founded by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) in 1974, the AMA Supercross Championship races are held from January through early May. Supercross is a variant of motocross which involves off-road motorcycles on a constructed dirt track consisting of steep jumps and obstacles; the tracks are usually constructed inside a sports stadium. The easy accessibility and comfort of these stadium venues helped supercross surpass off-road motocross as a spectator attraction in the United States by the late 1970s.

From 2002 until 2021, the series was the World Championship of the sport. After not renewing its contract with the FIM, the series, along with the AMA Motocross Championship, formed the SuperMotocross World Championship from 2023.
Truce Mountain
Truce Mountain is a 3,262-metre (10,702-foot) glaciated mountain summit located in the Purcell Mountains of British Columbia, Canada. It is situated 46 km (29 mi) north of Kaslo, on the northern boundary of Purcell Wilderness Conservancy Provincial Park and Protected Area. The nearest higher peak is Mount Hamill, 11 km (6.8 mi) to the southeast. Other nearby peaks include Mount Macbeth, 11 km (6.8 mi) to the northwest, and Archduke Mountain, 6 km (3.7 mi) to the west. The first ascent of Truce Mountain was made August 9, 1916, by Conrad Kain, H. Otto Frind, Elise Hopkins, Albert H. MacCarthy, Elizabeth MacCarthy, Margaret Stone, Winthrop E. Stone, Mrs. George E. Vincent, and John Vincent. The mountain's name was officially adopted June 9, 1960, when approved by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

Kaslo
Kaslo is a village on the west shore of Kootenay Lake in the West Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia. A member municipality of the Central Kootenay Regional District, the name derives from the adjacent Kaslo River.

Before the arrival of Europeans, the area was home to the semi-nomadic Kutenai (Ktunaxa) and Lakes (Sinixt) tribes. Settlers came and used it as a sawmill site in 1889, but Kaslo soon expanded as a result of the silver boom of the late 19th century. It retains much of the historic atmosphere from its earlier mining days. The economy of Kaslo is now based mainly on the forestry and tourism industries.
Yelovo
Yelovo (Russian: Ело́во) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Yelovo, Ivanovo Oblast, a village in Lukhsky District of Ivanovo Oblast

Yelovo, Perm Krai, a selo in Yelovsky District of Perm Krai

Yelovo, Krasnogorsky District, Udmurt Republic, a village in Vasilyevsky Selsoviet of Krasnogorsky District of the Udmurt Republic

Yelovo, Yarsky District, Udmurt Republic, a selo in Yelovsky Selsoviet of Yarsky District of the Udmurt Republic

Udmurtia
Udmurtia, officially the Udmurt Republic, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is administratively part of the Volga Federal District. Its capital is the city of Izhevsk.

It was established as the Udmurt (until 1931 — Votskaya) an autonomous region of the Udmurts, Udmurtia, within Russia on November 4, 1920.
Moderate realism
Moderate realism (also called immanent realism) is a position in the debate on the metaphysics of universals which holds that there is no realm in which universals exist (in opposition to Platonic realism, which asserts the existence of abstract objects), nor do they really exist within particulars as universals, but rather universals really exist within particulars as particularised, and multiplied.

Thought (essay)
"Thought: A Logical Inquiry" is an essay by Gottlob Frege. It was published as "Der Gedanke. Eine logische Untersuchung" in the philosophy journal Beiträge zur Philosophie des deutschen Idealismus (English: Contributions to the philosophy of German idealism) in 1918. It was republished in Mind in English in 1956. In it, Frege argues against idealism and for platonism about thoughts, or propositions. Frege says ideas are private, but thoughts are public. Frege said that such abstract objects were members of a third realm. Frege also argued for a redundancy theory of truth.

Quoting Frege, "The thought, in itself immaterial, clothes itself in the material garment of a sentence and thereby becomes comprehensible to us. We say a sentence expresses a thought."
Hira Gurung
Hira Gurung is a Nepalese politician and a member of the House of Representatives of the federal parliament of Nepal. He was elected through proportional representation system from Nepali Congress. In the shadow cabinet formed by Nepali Congress, he is a member of Ministry of Women, Children and Senior Citizens.

Federal Parliament of Nepal
The Federal Parliament of Nepal (संघीय संसद नेपाल, Saṅghīya Sansada Nēpāla) is the bicameral federal and supreme legislature of Nepal established in 2018 (2074 BS). It consists of the National Assembly and the House of Representatives as parallel houses.
Archie Atkinson (ice hockey)
Archibald Maynard Atkinson (February 17, 1886 – August 4, 1968) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. He played with the Montreal Wanderers of the National Hockey Association in the 1912–13 season and 1913–14 season, appearing in a total of seven games.

Atkinson was also a canoeist with the Britannia Yacht Club in Ottawa, though he lost his amateur status when he signed up as a professional hockey player.

Britannia Yacht Club
The Britannia Yacht Club (BYC) is a private social club, yacht club, and tennis club based in Britannia, a neighbourhood in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1887 by a group of cottagers.

The BYC is located on an extension of land at the eastern end of Lac Deschênes, near the Deschênes Rapids on the Ottawa River. A land block owned by the National Capital Commission on the south side of the harbor is leased to the BYC. The area immediately south of the property is occupied by residences of Britannia Bay. The harbor was built from an abandoned power canal, which now lays beside the club property, and has been expanded twice since its original development. The harbor's water level is controlled by a system of stop logs at its entrance.

The BYC is a member of the Ontario Sailing Association, Canadian Power and Sail Squadrons, and the Canadian Yachting Association. Its officers include a Commodore, Vice-Commodore, Rear-Commodore, Secretary, and Treasurer.
Nasser Rastegar-Nejad
Nasser Rastegar-Nejad (Persian: ناصر رستگارنژاد; April 20, 1929 – December 13, 2018) was an Iranian Santur player. He released an album on the Nonesuch Records Explorer label. In 1968, a section of the track 'Dashti' (1:58 - 3:24), played by Nasser Rastegar-Nejad, and originally to be found on the album Mid East, volume 8, 1968, published by American Friends of the Middle East, was used in the film Performance to accompany the scene in which characters played by Mick Jagger and Anita Pallenberg make love. The track has since been re-released, along with others, on the Lyrichord album In a Persian Garden: The Santur in 2007.

Anita Pallenberg
Anita Pallenberg (6 April 1942 – 13 June 2017) was an Italian-German film actress, artist, and model. A style icon and "It girl" of the 1960s and 1970s, Pallenberg was credited as the muse of the Rolling Stones: she was the romantic partner of the Stones multi-instrumentalist Brian Jones and later, from 1967 to 1980, the partner of Stones guitarist Keith Richards, with whom she had three children.
Privateer Industries Privateer
The Privateer Industries Privateer is an American amphibious amateur-built aircraft that was designed by John Meekins and Bill Husa and is under development by Privateer Industries of Florida. It was first flown on 6 August 2018. The aircraft is intended to be supplied as a kit for amateur construction and later type certified and sold as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Amphibious aircraft
An amphibious aircraft, or amphibian, is an aircraft that can take off and land on both solid ground and water. These aircraft are typically fixed-wing, though amphibious helicopters do exist as well. Fixed-wing amphibious aircraft are seaplanes (flying boats and floatplanes) which are equipped with retractable wheels, at the expense of extra weight and complexity, plus diminished range and fuel economy compared with planes designed specifically for land-only or water-only operation.
DNA polymerase III holoenzyme
DNA polymerase III holoenzyme is the primary enzyme complex involved in prokaryotic DNA replication. It was discovered by Thomas Kornberg (son of Arthur Kornberg) and Malcolm Gefter in 1970. The complex has high processivity (i.e. the number of nucleotides added per binding event) and, specifically referring to the replication of the E.coli genome, works in conjunction with four other DNA polymerases (Pol I, Pol II, Pol IV, and Pol V).  Being the primary holoenzyme involved in replication activity, the DNA Pol III holoenzyme also has proofreading capabilities that corrects replication mistakes by means of exonuclease activity reading 3'→5' and synthesizing 5'→3'. DNA Pol III is a component of the replisome, which is located at the replication fork.

Arthur Kornberg
Arthur Kornberg (March 3, 1918 – October 26, 2007) was an American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1959 for the discovery of "the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid" together with Spanish biochemist and physician Severo Ochoa of New York University. He was also awarded the Paul-Lewis Award in Enzyme Chemistry from the American Chemical Society in 1951, an L.H.D. degree from Yeshiva University in 1962, and the National Medal of Science in 1979. In 1991, Kornberg received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement and the Gairdner Foundation Award in 1995.

Kornberg's primary research interests were in biochemistry, especially enzyme chemistry, deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis (DNA replication) and studying the nucleic acids which control heredity in animals, plants, bacteria and viruses.