hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Israeli salad
Israeli salad (Hebrew: סָלָט יְרָקוֹת יִשְׂרְאֵלִי, romanized: salat yerakot yisra'eli, lit. 'Israeli vegetable salad') is a chopped salad of finely diced tomato, onion, cucumber, and bell or chili peppers. It has been described as the "most well-known national dish of Israel", and is a standard accompaniment to most Israeli meals. Salads following similar recipes, with different names, are widespread and popular throughout the Eastern Mediterranean.

It was adopted by Jewish immigrants to the Levant in the late 19th century, who found the locally grown Kirby cucumbers and tomatoes in popular local salad. It was popularized in the kibbutzim, where the Jewish farmers had local fresh produce at hand.

The name Israeli Salad is used mainly outside of Israel. Within Israel, it is commonly referred to as salat katzutz (Hebrew: סָלָט קָצוּץ, "chopped salad"), as well as salat aravi (Hebrew: סָלָט עֲרָבִי, "Arab salad"), or salat yerakot (Hebrew: סָלָט יְרָקוֹת, "vegetable salad").

Eastern Mediterranean
The Eastern Mediterranean is a loosely delimited region comprising the easternmost portion of the Mediterranean Sea, and well as the adjoining land—often defined as the countries around the Levantine Sea. It includes the southern half of Turkey's main region, Anatolia; its smaller Hatay Province; the island of Cyprus; the Greek Dodecanese islands; and the countries of Egypt, Israel, Palestine, Syria and Lebanon.

Its broadest uses can encompass the Libyan Sea (thus Libya), the Aegean Sea (thus European Turkey and the mainland and islands of Greece), and the Ionian Sea (thus southern Albania in Southeast Europe) and can extend west to Italy's farthest south-eastern coasts. Although Jordan does not border the Mediterranean Sea, it is sometimes included in broader Levantine or Eastern Mediterranean frameworks for historical, cultural, or political analysis.
Barker lever
The Barker lever is a pneumatic system which multiplies the force of a finger on the key of a tracker pipe organ. It employs the wind pressure of the organ to inflate small bellows called "pneumatics" to overcome the resistance of the pallets (valves) in the organ's wind-chest. This lever allowed for the development of larger, more powerful organs still responsive to the human hand.  These larger organs first flourished in France, e.g., the organ produced by Cavaillé-Coll at St. Sulpice. The first Barker lever was built in the Cavaillé-Coll organ of the Basilica of Saint-Denis.

This mechanism was named after Charles Spackman Barker (1804-79), engineer and organ-builder. A similar lever was developed by David Hamilton in 1835, and there has been debate whether Barker stole the design.

Lever
A lever is a simple machine consisting of a beam or rigid rod pivoted at a fixed hinge, or fulcrum. A lever is a rigid body capable of rotating on a point on itself. On the basis of the locations of fulcrum, load, and effort, the lever is divided into three types. It is one of the six simple machines identified by Renaissance scientists. A lever amplifies an input force to provide a greater output force, which is said to provide leverage, which is mechanical advantage gained in the system, equal to the ratio of the output force to the input force. As such, the lever is a mechanical advantage device, trading off force against movement.
Adrien Petit
Adrien Petit (born 26 September 1990) is a French racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Intermarché–Wanty. In September 2015 Direct Énergie announced that Petit would join them for the 2016 season, after five years with Cofidis.

Cofidis (cycling team)
Cofidis  (UCI team code: COF) is a French professional road bicycle racing team sponsored by a money-lending company, Cofidis.  It was started in 1996 by Cyrille Guimard, the former manager of Bernard Hinault, Greg LeMond and Laurent Fignon of the Renault–Elf–Gitane team of the 1980s. The team's sponsor has supported the team despite repeated problems such as doping scandals. After it was part of the UCI ProTour for the ProTour's first five seasons, from 2010 the team competed as a UCI Professional Continental team. The team joined the UCI World Tour for the 2020 season.
Ernest Bustamante
Ernest Bustmante is a former member of the Arizona House of Representatives from January 2003 until January 2005, representing the newly redistricted District 23.: viii–ix  He ran for re-election in 2004 along with Cheryl Chase, but was defeated in the Democratic primary by Pete Rios. In 2008 he ran again for the House in District 23, and won the Democratic primary along with Barbara McGuire.  However, while McGuire won, Bustamante lost in the general election to Frank Pratt. He again ran in 2010, and won the Democratic primary, along with McGuire, but in the general election they both lost to Pratt and John Fillmore. He ran once again in 2012, this time in District 8, after redistricting. He and Emily Verdugo won the Democratic primary, but they both lost in the general election, to Pratt and T. J. Shope.

Arizona House of Representatives
The Arizona House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Arizona. The upper house is the Senate. The House convenes in the legislative chambers at the Arizona State Capitol in Phoenix. Its members are elected to two-year terms, with a term limit of four consecutive terms (eight years). Each of the state's 30 legislative districts elects two state house representatives and one state senator, with each district having a population of at least 203,000.

The last election occurred on November 5, 2024, with the Republican Party securing a majority in the House.
Eurypon
Eurypon, otherwise called Eurytion (Ancient Greek: Εὐρυπῶν, Εὐρυτίων), son of Soos and grandson of Procles, was the third king of that house at Sparta, and thenceforward gave it the name of Eurypontidae.

Plutarch talks of his having relaxed the kingly power, and played the demagogue; and Polyaenus relates a war with the Arcadians of Mantineia under his command. He was succeeded by his son Prytanis, the father of Polydectes, in turn father of Eunomus (father of Charilaus) and Lycurgus.

Mantinea
Mantinea (/ˌmæntəˈniːə/; Greek: Μαντίνεια Mantineia; also Koine Greek Ἀντιγόνεια Antigoneia) was a city in ancient Arcadia, Greece, which was the site of two significant battles in Classical Greek history.

In modern times it is a former municipality in Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Tripoli, of which it is a municipal unit. Its seat was the village of Nestani (pop. 486 in 2011). It is located in the northeastern part of Arcadia. The municipal unit has a land area of 205.393 km2 and a population of 1,693 inhabitants (2021). Its largest other towns are Artemisio, Loukas, and Kapsas.
Florida Bobcats
The Florida Bobcats were an Arena Football League (AFL) team based in Sunrise, Florida. They were previously known as the Sacramento Attack and the Miami Hooters, and played in the AFL for a total of ten seasons, the last seven in West Palm Beach and Sunrise in the Miami metropolitan area.

The team was founded in 1992 as the Sacramento Attack, based in Sacramento, California. After their first season they relocated to Miami as the Miami Hooters, so named through a marketing deal with the restaurant chain Hooters. After three seasons the Hooters sponsorship was dropped and the team moved north to Sunrise where it changed its name. They folded after the 2001 season after years of weak attendance and poor performance. During their run they made two playoff appearances, once in Sacramento and once in Miami.

Sunrise, Florida
Sunrise is a city in central-western Broward County, Florida, United States, and is a principal city located in the Miami metropolitan area. The population was 97,335 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 100,128 in 2024.
Pillai's arithmetical function
In number theory, the gcd-sum function,
also called Pillai's arithmetical function, is defined for every  by

or equivalently

where  is a divisor of  and  is Euler's totient function.

it also can be written as

where,  is the divisor function, and  is the Möbius function.

This multiplicative arithmetical function was introduced by the Indian mathematician Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai in 1933.

Möbius function
The Möbius function  is a multiplicative function in number theory introduced by the German mathematician August Ferdinand Möbius (also transliterated Moebius) in 1832. It is ubiquitous in elementary and analytic number theory and most often appears as part of its namesake the Möbius inversion formula. Following work of Gian-Carlo Rota in the 1960s, generalizations of the Möbius function were introduced into combinatorics, and are similarly denoted .
Dasharathchand
Dasharathchand is a municipality and the district headquarter of Baitadi District in Sudurpashchim Province of Nepal. It is a hill station above Mahakali River close to the Indian border. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 34,575 people living in 7,257 individual households.
It is named in honour of a martyr revolutionary Dashrath Chand (1903-1941).

Sharda River
The Sharda River is the downstream of Kāli River (or Mahakali River) that originates in the northern Uttarakhand state of India in the Great Himalayas on the eastern slopes of Nanda Devi massif, at an elevation of 3,600 m (11,800 ft) in the Pithoragarh district. It then flows on the Nepal and India border. Descending, it enters the Indo-Gangetic Plain at Brahmadev Mandi in Nepal, where it expands above the Sharda Barrage. From that point onward, it is known as the Sharda River. The river proceeds southeastward into India through northern Uttar Pradesh before merging with the Ghaghara River southwest of Bahraich, covering a distance of approximately 300 miles (480 km).

It offers potential for hydroelectric power generation. The river is also proposed as source for one of the many projects in the Himalayan component of the Indian Rivers Inter-link project.
Chlorproethazine
Chlorproethazine, sold under the brand name Neuriplege, is a drug of the phenothiazine group described as a muscle relaxant or tranquilizer which is or has been marketed in Europe as a topical cream for the treatment of muscle pain. It has been associated with photoallergic contact dermatitis.

Muscle relaxant
A muscle relaxant is a drug that affects skeletal muscle function and decreases the muscle tone. It may be used to alleviate symptoms such as muscle spasms, pain, and hyperreflexia. The term "muscle relaxant" is used to refer to two major therapeutic groups: neuromuscular blockers and spasmolytics. Neuromuscular blockers act by interfering with transmission at the neuromuscular end plate and have no central nervous system (CNS) activity. They are often used during surgical procedures and in intensive care and emergency medicine to cause temporary paralysis. Spasmolytics, also known as "centrally acting" muscle relaxants, are used to alleviate musculoskeletal pain and spasms and to reduce spasticity in a variety of neurological conditions. While both neuromuscular blockers and spasmolytics are often grouped together as muscle relaxants, the term is commonly used to refer to spasmolytics only.
Debipur, West Bengal
Debipur is a village (Census Town) located at Memari I block in Purba Bardhaman district. People called Debipur R.S. because there is a Railway Station. It is under Memari police station. Nearest railway station is Debipur railway station, which is under Eastern Railway and is a part of Kolkata Suburban Railway system. Debipur Railway Station is located in Alipur. Nearest towns near Debipur are Memari, Boinchi. Debipur R.S is a Post Office of many other villages like Alipur, Debipur R.S., and Mobarakpur. There are two High Schools and many primary schools

Purba Bardhaman district
Purba Bardhaman district is in the Indian state of West Bengal. Its headquarters is in Bardhaman. It was formed on 7 April 2017 after the division of the previous Bardhaman district. Great revolutionary Rash Behari Bose was born in village Subaldaha in the district of Purba Bardhaman.
Dufferin—Caledon (provincial electoral district)
Dufferin—Caledon is a provincial electoral district in southwestern Ontario, Canada. It was created for the 2007 provincial election. The entire riding was carved from Dufferin—Peel—Wellington—Grey, and includes all of Dufferin County plus the town of Caledon in Peel Region.

The riding also existed from 1987 until 1999 with the same borders, but was known as Dufferin—Peel.

Dufferin County
Dufferin County is a county and census division located in Central Ontario, Canada. The county seat is Orangeville, and the current Warden is Janet Horner. The current chief administrative officer is Sonya Pritchard.  Dufferin covers an area of 1,486.77 square kilometres (574.05 sq mi), and its population was 66,257 at the time of the 2021 Census.
Sacred Harp hymnwriters and composers
The Sacred Harp is a shape note tunebook, originally compiled in 1844 by Benjamin Franklin White and Elisha J. King in Georgia and used to this day in revised form by Sacred Harp singers throughout America and overseas.  This article is a historical overview and listing of the composers and poets who wrote the songs and texts of The Sacred Harp.

Isaac Watts
Isaac Watts (17 July 1674 – 25 November 1748) was an English Congregational minister, hymn writer, theologian, and logician. He was a prolific and popular hymn writer and is credited with some 750 hymns. His works include "When I Survey the Wondrous Cross", "Joy to the World", and "O God, Our Help in Ages Past". He is recognised as the "Godfather of English Hymnody"; many of his hymns remain in use today and have been translated into numerous languages.
John P. Sullivan (politician)
John P. Sullivan (April 23, 1843 – September 30, 1898) was a farmer, merchant and political figure on Prince Edward Island. He represented 2nd Kings in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1890 to 1893 as a Conservative.

Sullivan was born in New London, Prince Edward Island, the son of William Sullivan and Mary McCarthy, Irish immigrants. He was a general merchant in St. Peters. He was married twice: to Ellen MacDonald in 1873 and Helen MacDonald in 1877. Sullivan was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1893. He died suddenly at the age of 56 while travelling to Charlottetown.

Sullivan's brother William Wilfred Sullivan served as provincial premier.

Sullivan's former home in St. Peter's Bay, now known as the Tír na nÓg Inn, has been designated as a historic place by the province.

2nd Kings
2nd Kings was a provincial electoral district of Prince Edward Island, Canada, which elected two members to the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1873 to 1993.

The district comprised the northwestern portion of Kings County. It was abolished in 1996.
Princess Princess (manga)
Princess Princess (Japanese: プリンセス・プリンセス, Hepburn: Purinsesu Purinsesu) is the title of a fictional series written and illustrated by Japanese author Mikiyo Tsuda about the lives of three high school boys and the school they attend. The series is contained within multiple media pieces which began as a manga first serialized in the manga magazine Wings starting in 2002. After the first manga series ended, a sequel entitled Princess Princess + started serialization in the same magazine in May 2006, and finished in January 2007. An anime has since been adapted from the manga and began airing in Japan on April 5, 2006, produced by the Japanese animation studio, Studio Deen. A live action adaptation called Princess Princess D aired in Japan from June 28, 2006, to September 13, 2006. Finally, a visual novel video game for the PlayStation 2 based on the series was released on October 26, 2006, in Japan.

Live action
Live action is a form of cinematography or videography that uses photography instead of animation. Some works combine live action with animation to create a live-action animated feature film. Live action is used to define film, video games or similar visual media.

Photorealistic animation, particularly modern computer animation, is sometimes erroneously described as "live action", as in the case of some media reports about Disney's The Lion King (2019 remake). According to the Cambridge English Dictionary, live action involves "real people or animals, not models, or images that are drawn, or produced by computer".
Remble
Eunique Cooper Remble, known mononymously as Remble (born July 3, 2000), is an American rapper.  Noted for his sharp humor and precise flow, he was described in the Los Angeles Times as "laceratingly funny" with a "distinctive and technically impressive vocal style." His debut mixtape, It's Remble, was released in July 2021.

Mononym
A mononym is a name composed of only one word. An individual who is known and addressed by a mononym is a mononymous person.

A mononym may be the person's only name, given to them at birth. This was routine in most ancient societies, and remains common in modern societies such as in Afghanistan, Bhutan, some parts of Indonesia (especially by older Javanese people), Myanmar, Mongolia, Tibet, and South India.

In other cases, a person may select a single name from their polynym or adopt a mononym as a chosen name, pen name, stage name, or regnal name. A popular nickname may effectively become a mononym, in some cases adopted legally. For some historical figures, a mononym is the only name that is still known today.
Gatty Marine Laboratory
The Gatty Marine Laboratory is a science facility located in the coastal town of St Andrews in Fife, Scotland. It is part of the University of St Andrews and home to the Scottish Oceans Institute, an interdisciplinary research institute studying the marine environment, specifically the behaviour, ecology, physiology, population biology and functional genomics of marine organisms. The Gatty Marine Laboratory is where Richard G. Morris developed the Morris water navigation task in the early 1980s.

Population biology
The term population biology has been used with different meanings.

In 1971, Edward O. Wilson et al. used the term in the sense of applying mathematical models to population genetics, community ecology, and population dynamics. Alan Hastings used the term in 1997 as the title of his book on the mathematics used in population dynamics. The name was also used for a course given at UC Davis in the late 2010s, which describes it as an interdisciplinary field combining the areas of ecology and evolutionary biology. The course includes mathematics, statistics, ecology, genetics, and systematics. Numerous types of organisms are studied.

The journal Theoretical Population Biology is published.
HD 177765
HD 177765 is a white-hued star in the southern constellation of Sagittarius. With an apparent magnitude of 9.15, it is too faint to be seen by the naked eye from Earth, but is dimly visible using binoculars. It is located at a distance of 1,284 light-years (394 parsecs) according to Gaia EDR3 parallax measurements.

Gaia catalogues
The Gaia catalogues are star catalogues created using the results obtained by Gaia space telescope. The catalogues are released in stages that will contain increasing amounts of information; the early releases also miss some stars, especially fainter stars located in dense star fields. Data from every data release can be accessed at the Gaia archive.
Ocean Productions
Ocean Productions, Inc. is a Canadian media production and dubbing company, based in Vancouver, British Columbia, that is part of the Ocean Group of businesses. Ocean Group is involved in intellectual property acquisition and development, co-production and the creation of English versions of non-English animation for international distribution.

The Group also works with global toy companies and producers to create and distribute animation properties in conjunction with game development as well as licensing and merchandising programs.

Ocean Media Inc. creates world master versions of programming to promote intellectual properties on a global basis. The company's productions are recorded at Ocean Studios (originally known as Ocean Sound) in Vancouver and Blue Water Studios in Calgary and Edmonton, Alberta.

Inuyasha: Feudal Combat
Inuyasha: Feudal Combat is a 3D fighting game for the PlayStation 2 based on the Inuyasha manga and anime series.

Bandai planned to release this video game on August 16, 2005 in North America, but it was postponed to August 23 due to the Miyagi earthquake. It was released in Japan on June 16, 2005.
Bazaar Rowdy
Bazaar Rowdy (transl. Street goon) is a 1988 Indian Telugu-language action drama film directed by A. Kodandarami Reddy. It stars Ramesh Babu, Nadhiya, Gautami, Seetha, Mahesh Babu. The film was produced by U. Suryanarayana Babu under the Padmavathi Films banner and was presented by Krishna.

Music of the film was composed by Raj–Koti. Until this film, Kodandarami Reddy has collaborated only with K. Chakravarthy and Ilaiyaraaja as music composers. The film also marked the Telugu debut of actress, Nadhiya.

Nadhiya
Zareena Moidu, known by her stage name Nadhiya Moidu or simply Nadhiya, is an Indian actress who predominantly appears in Tamil, Malayalam  and Telugu films. She made her debut in the 1984 Malayalam film Nokketha Doorathu Kannum Nattu for which she won Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Malayalam.

She made her comeback in 2004 in Tamil films with M. Kumaran S/O Mahalakshmi, and received critical acclaim for her performance. In 2013, she received critical acclaim in Telugu cinema for both the roles she played, as Prabhas's mother in the film Mirchi and for playing a stubborn aunt in Attarintiki Daredi. For the latter, she received the Nandi Award for Best Supporting Actress  for her performance.
Duvernoy's gland
The Duvernoy's gland is a gland found in some groups of colubrid snakes.  It is distinguished from the venom gland and is not found in viperids or elapids.  It was named for French zoologist Georges Louis Duvernoy who first described the gland in 1832.

The Duvernoy's gland is positioned posterior to the eye, encased in a thin cover of connective tissue, and consists mostly of serous cells. A single, short duct extends anteromedially from the lumen of the gland to the base of the posterior fangs.

Colubridae
Colubridae (/kəˈluːbrɪdiː/, commonly known as colubrids /ˈkɒljʊbrɪdz/, from Latin: coluber, 'snake') is a family of snakes. With 249 genera, it is the largest snake family. The earliest fossil species of the family date back to the Late Eocene epoch, with earlier origins suspected. Colubrid snakes are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Mertoutek
Mertoutek is a village in the commune of Idlès, in Tazrouk District, Tamanrasset Province, Algeria. It lies in the northern Hoggar Mountains on the eastern side of a wadi, 61 kilometres (38 mi) northwest of the town of Idlès and 158 kilometres (98 mi) north of Tamanrasset.

Tamanrasset Province
Tamanrasset or Tamanghasset (Arabic: ولاية تمنراست Wilāya Tamanrāssat, Berber languages: ⵜⵣ'ⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴰⴾⴰⵍ ⵜⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⵗⴰⵙⵜ) is a province (wilaya) in southern Algeria, named after its province seat, Tamanrasset. The province is the home of two national parks: Ahaggar National Park and Tassili n'Ajjer National Park. It is the largest province in Algeria, with an area of 336,839 km2. It has a population of  115,043 as of 2008.