hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq
The COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). During the pandemic, Iraq reported its first confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infections on 22 February 2020 in Najaf. By April, the number of confirmed cases had exceeded 100 in the governorates of Baghdad, Basra, Sulaymaniyah, Erbil and Najaf.

As of 7 April 2020, officially 28,414 tests have been done in Iraq as a whole (including the Kurdistan Region), with 1202 of them turning out positive. Of those tests, 12,143 were done by the Kurdish Ministry of Health, which means that the other 16,271 were done by the Iraqi Ministry of Health. While 0.25% of the Kurdistan Region's population has been tested, only 0.05% of the rest of the country has been tested, highlighting the possible disparity between total positive case numbers between regions.

Erbil Governorate
Erbil Governorate (Kurdish: پارێزگای ھەولێر, romanized: Parêzgeha Hewlêr; Arabic: محافظة أربيل, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Arbīl) is a governorate of Iraq in the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region. Its capital is Erbil.
Hancharowka
Hancharowka (Belarusian: Ганчароўка, romanized: Hančaroŭka, IPA: [ɣɐntʃɐˈrowkɐ]; Russian: Гончаровка, romanized: Goncharovka) is a village in Babruysk District, Mogilev Region, Belarus. It is part of Khimy selsoviet.

Mogilev region
Mogilev region, also known as Mogilev oblast or Mahilyow voblasts, is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is the city of Mogilev.

Important cities within the region include Mogilev, Asipovichy and Babruysk.
Rajendra Prasad Roy
Rajendra Prasad Roy (born 26 January 1962) is an Indian chemical biologist, biochemist and a dean at the Regional centre for biotechnology. Known for his studies in protein engineering, Roy has developed several chemo-enzymatic strategic processes for which he has a patent assigned to him. He holds a PhD from the Indian Institute of Science and is an elected fellow of all the three major Indian science academies namely Indian National Science Academy, Indian Academy of Sciences, and National Academy of Sciences, India. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded him the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for him contributions to biosciences in 2005.
Currently he is the dean of Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad.

Indian Academy of Sciences
The Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore was founded by Indian Physicist and Nobel Laureate C. V. Raman, and was registered as a society on 27 April 1934. Inaugurated on 31 July 1934, it began with 65 founding fellows. The first general meeting of Fellows, held on the same day, elected Raman as president, and adopted the constitution of the Academy.
Gisèle Lelouis
Gisèle Lelouis (French pronunciation: [ʒizɛlə ləlwi]; born 10 March 1952) is a French politician who has represented the 3rd constituency of the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the National Assembly since 2022. A member of the National Rally (RN), she has also been a municipal councillor of Marseille since 2014.

Bouches-du-Rhône
Bouches-du-Rhône (/ˌbuːʃ djuː ˈroʊn/ BOOSH dew ROHN; French: les Bouches-du-Rhône [le buʃ dy ʁon] ⓘ, locally [le ˈbuʃə dy ˈʁɔnə]; Occitan: lei Bocas de Ròse [lej ˈbukɔz de ˈʀɔze]; "the Mouths of the Rhône") is a department in southern France. It borders Vaucluse to the north, Gard to the west and Var to the east. The Mediterranean Sea lies to the south. Its prefecture and largest city is Marseille; other important cities include Aix-en-Provence, Arles, Martigues and Aubagne.

Marseille, France's second-largest city, has one of the largest container ports in the country. It prides itself on being France's oldest city, founded by Greek settlers from Phocaea around 600 BC. Bouches-du-Rhône is the most populous department of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, with 2,043,110 inhabitants as of 2019. It has an area of 5,087 km2 (1,964 sq mi). Its INSEE and postal code is 13.
Ysgol Gyfun Rhydywaun
Ysgol Gyfun Rhydywaun is a Welsh-medium secondary comprehensive school with a sixth form in the Cynon Valley in the village of Penywaun, Rhondda Cynon Taf, Wales, to the northwest of the town of Aberdare.

The school was established on 1 September 1995 for the increasing numbers of students attending five local Welsh-medium primary schools, who previously had to travel to secondary school in Pontypridd. It provides a Welsh-medium education for pupils from the Cynon Valley and from neighbouring Merthyr Tydfil County Borough, where there is no Welsh-medium secondary school. As of 2025, there were 1030 pupils, including 116 in the sixth form. 17% of pupils speak Welsh at home. 0.9% of pupils have special educational needs, and 12% are eligible for free school meals; both these figures are lower than the national figure for Wales.

Pontypridd
Pontypridd (/ˌpɒntɪˈpriːð/ PON-tih-PREEDH, Welsh: [ˌpɔntəˈpriːð]), colloquially referred to as Ponty, is a town and a community in Rhondda Cynon Taf, South Wales, approximately 10 miles (16 km) north west of Cardiff city centre.
Religion and Nothingness
Religion and Nothingness (Japanese: Shūkyō to wa Nanika; the original title translates literally as "What is Religion?") is a 1961 book about nihilism by the Japanese philosopher Keiji Nishitani. The book was published in English translation in 1982, and received positive reviews, commending Nishitani for his understanding of both Western and Eastern philosophy. The appearance of the English translation increased interest in Nishitani's ideas among philosophers.

Research in Phenomenology
Research in Phenomenology is an international peer-reviewed journal for publishing contributions in phenomenology and contemporary continental philosophy. It is edited by John Sallis and James C. Risser.
Arghyakamal Mitra
Arghyakamal Mitra is an Indian film editor who primarily works in Bengali films. He collaborated with some acclaimed directors like Aparna Sen, Rituparno Ghosh, Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury, Suman Mukhopadhyay, Anjan Dutta, Anik Dutta, Soukarya Ghosal and Bauddhayan Mukherji. He has won the National Film Award for Best Editing for his work in Rituparno Ghosh's film Abohomaan.

Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury
Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury is an Indian film director. He is the director and producer of multiple Bengali and Hindi films. He directed the highly successful Hindi movie Pink which received accolades from film critics and movie lovers alike.
Ankober serin
The Ankober serin (Crithagra ankoberensis) is a species of finch in the family Fringillidae. It is a small brown seedeater, about 12 centimeters or 5 inches in length with brown upperparts and its head and breast distinguished with heavy buffy-colored streaking. It is gregarious and is often encountered in flocks.  Its song consists of a constant, low twitter.

This bird is endemic to Ethiopia, inhabiting steep rocky slopes and high cliff-tops; the reported range of the Ankober serin consists of several disjointed areas in northern Shewa and in the northern Amhara Region. It is threatened by habitat loss.

The Ankober serin was formerly placed in the genus Serinus but phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences found that the genus was polyphyletic. The genus was therefore split and a number of species including the Ankober serin were moved to the resurrected genus Crithagra.

Shewa
Shewa (Amharic: ሸዋ; Oromo: Shawaa;  Somali: Shawa; Arabic: شيوا, Italian: Scioà), formerly romanized as Shua, Shoa, Showa, Shuwa, is a historical region of Ethiopia which was formerly an autonomous kingdom within the Ethiopian Empire. The modern Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa is located at its center.

The towns of Debre Berhan, Antsokia, Ankober, Entoto and, after Shewa became a province of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa have all served as the capital of Shewa at various times. Most of northern Shewa, made up of the districts of Menz, Tegulet, Yifat, Menjar and Bulga, is populated by Christian Amharas, while southern Shewa is inhabited by the Gurages and eastern Shewa has large Oromo and Argobba Muslim populations. The monastery of Debre Libanos, founded by Saint Tekle Haymanot, is located in the ancient district of Selale. Modern Shewa includes the historical Endagabatan province.
Sourz
Sourz is a fruit-flavoured liqueur owned and produced by Suntory Global Spirits, a subsidiary of Suntory Holdings of Osaka, Japan. The liqueur is usually served as a shooter, but is also used in cocktails. It is known for being very sour.

Sourz is available in six flavours. It is 15% alcohol by volume (ABV).  Previously three other permanent flavours, blackcurrant, peach and pineapple were available, however these have been discontinued.

Sourz underwent a major re-design in 2008, and the slogan "Made For Mixing" was adopted. In October 2012 a limited edition flavour, mango, was added to the range following a poll on Facebook. It was later made part of the permanent lineup.

In late 2014 there was another packaging redesign, with glow-in-the-dark ink used on the bottle to make it stand out in night clubs. A new limited edition flavour, "Rainbow Ice", was launched in 2015.

Shot (drink)
A shot (sometimes shooter) is a small serving of spirits or a mixed drink (usually about 1.0–1.5 US fluid ounces or 30–44 millilitres), typically consumed quickly, often in a single gulp. It is common to serve a shot as a side to a larger drink.

Shots can be shaken, stirred, blended, layered, or simply poured. Shot glasses or sherry glasses are the usual drinkware in which shots are served. They are most commonly served at bars, and some bartenders have their own signature shot.

The ingredients of shots vary from bartender to bartender and from region to region. Two shots can have the same name but different ingredients, resulting in two very different tastes.
Nein
Nein (Arabic: نين, Nayin, lit. Charming, Hebrew: ניין) — also Nain or Naim in English — is an Arab village in northern Israel. Located in the Lower Galilee, 14 kilometers (8.7 mi) south of Nazareth, Nein covers a land area of approximately 1,000 dunams (250 acres) and falls under the jurisdiction of Bustan al-Marj Regional Council, whose headquarters it hosts. Its total land area consisted of 3,737 dunums prior to 1962. According to the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics, in 2023 it had a population of 2,024.

Indur
Indur (Arabic: إندور) was a Palestinian village, located 10.5 kilometres (6.5 mi) southeast of Nazareth. Its name preserves that of ancient Endor, a Canaanite city state thought to have been located 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) to the northeast. The village was depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War and its inhabitants became refugees, some of whom were internally displaced. In Israel today, there are a few thousand internally displaced Palestinians who hail from Indur, and continue to demand their right of return.
Freak (Marvel Comics)
The Freak is the name of three fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Two are associated with Iron Man, while the most recent version appears in The Amazing Spider-Man:

Happy Hogan first appears as the Freak in Tales of Suspense #74–76 (February–April 1966), by Stan Lee and Gene Colan. He appears as the Freak twice more in Iron Man #3 (July 1968) and #84-85 (March-April 1976).

Eddie March first appears as the Freak in Iron Man #67 (April 1974), by Mike Friedrich and George Tuska.

The third Freak first appears in The Amazing Spider-Man #552 and was created by Bob Gale and Phil Jimenez.

Tales of Suspense
Tales of Suspense is the name of an American comic book anthology series, and two one-shot comics, all published by Marvel Comics. The first, which ran from 1959 to 1968, began as a science-fiction anthology that served as a showcase for such artists as Jack Kirby, Steve Ditko, and Don Heck, then featured superheroes Captain America and Iron Man during the Silver Age of Comic Books before changing its title to Captain America with issue #100 (cover-dated April 1968). Its sister title was Tales to Astonish. Following the launch of Marvel Legacy in 2017, Tales of Suspense was once again resurrected at issue #100, featuring the Winter Soldier and Hawkeye in a story called "The Red Ledger".
Warga (surname)
Warga is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrew F. Warga (1919–1998), American politician

David Warga (fl. 2002–2010), American poker player

Jake Warga (born 1972), American radio journalist

Jasmine Warga (born 1988), American author

Mary Warga (1904–1991), American physicist

Wayne Warga (1938–1994), American journalist and author

David Warga
David Warga is a poker dealer who won a bracelet in the 2002 Casino Employees Championship event at the World Series of Poker. He won a bracelet at the 2010 World Series of Poker in the $1,500 Seven Card Stud Hi-Low-8 or Better.

As of 2011, Warga's lifetime winnings exceed $280,000.
Spend the Night (The Donnas album)
Spend the Night is the fifth studio album and major label debut by the American hard rock band the Donnas, released in 2002 on Atlantic Records. It was the band's first charting record on the Billboard 200, peaking at number 62, and features their most successful single, "Take It Off", which peaked at No. 17 on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart and the top 40 of the UK Singles Chart.

In November 2016, Cherry Red Records re-released the album to feature six bonus tracks, which consists of B-sides and songs from previous albums.

As of 2005, it has sold 450,000 units in United States according to Nielsen SoundScan.

Cherry Red Records
Cherry Red Records is a British independent record label founded in Malvern, Worcestershire by Iain McNay in 1978. The label has released recordings by Dead Kennedys, Everything but the Girl, The Monochrome Set, and Felt, among others, as well as the compilation album Pillows & Prayers. In addition to releasing new music, Cherry Red also acts as an umbrella for individual imprints and catalogue specialists.

Cherry Red was listed by Music Week as one of the UK's top ten record companies in Q1 2015 for sales of artist albums.
Chelis marxi
Chelis marxi is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Otto Bang-Haas in 1927. It is found in Himachal Pradesh, India.

This species was moved from the genus Palearctia to Chelis as a result of phylogenetic research published in 2016.

Otto Bang-Haas
Otto Bang-Haas (20 January 1882, Dresden – 30 July 1948, Dresden) was a German entomologist and insect dealer.
His collection of microlepidoptera is in the National Museum of Denmark and of Coleoptera in the Natural History Museum of Giacomo Doria, Genoa. He followed his father Andreas Bang-Haas into the business.
Cabeza de Vaca (film)
Cabeza de Vaca is a 1991 Mexican film directed by Nicolás Echevarría and starring Juan Diego about the adventures of Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (c. 1490 – c. 1557), an early Spanish explorer, as he traversed what later became the American South.

Cabeza de Vaca was one of four survivors of the Narváez expedition and shipwreck. He became known as a shaman among the Native American tribes he encountered, which helped him survive.  His journey of a number of years began in 1528. After his return to Spain, he published his journal in 1542. The screenplay by Guillermo Sheridan and Nicolás Echevarría is based on Cabeza de Vaca's journal Naufragios y comentarios ("Shipwrecks and Commentaries").

The film was entered into the 41st Berlin International Film Festival. The film was selected as the Mexican entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 63rd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.

A DVD version was released in 2012.

41st Berlin International Film Festival
The 41st annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 15 to 26 February 1991. The festival opened with Uranus by Claude Berri.

The Golden Bear was awarded to Italian film The House of Smiles directed by Marco Ferreri.

The retrospective dedicated to Cold War films was shown at the festival.
Kënga Magjike 2017
Kënga Magjike 2017 was the 19th edition of the annual Albanian music competition Kënga Magjike. It was organised by Televizioni Klan (TV Klan) and consisted of two semi-finals held on 6 and 7 December and the final on 9 December 2017 at the Pallati i Kongreseve in Tirana. The three live shows were hosted by Ardit Gjebrea, Ariola Shehu and Nevina Shtylla. Anxhela Peristeri with "E Çmëndur" emerged as the winner of the contest.

Palace of Congresses
The Palace of Congresses (Albanian: Pallati i Kongreseve) is a venue in Tirana, Albania, where numerous multi-genre concerts, exhibition, festivals, competitions and other events are held, including the annual Festivali i Këngës and Kënga Magjike and the Tirana Book Fair.

It was built during the late communist era to host the Congresses of the Party of Labour of Albania and other official activities. Today, the palace is used as a venue for conferences, festivals, exhibitions, ceremonies, concerts and more. It currently has a capacity of 2,100 seats.

There are three other smaller halls, with a smaller capacity of 150, 280 and 300 people, designed as working environments for different meetings and occasions.
La Seine Musicale
La Seine Musicale (French pronunciation: [la sɛn myzikal]) is a music and performing arts center located on Île Seguin an island on the Seine river between Boulogne-Billancourt and Sèvres, in the western suburbs of Paris, France.

Boulogne-Billancourt
Boulogne-Billancourt (French: [bulɔɲ bijɑ̃kuʁ] ⓘ; often colloquially simply Boulogne, until 1924 officially Boulogne-sur-Seine, [bulɔɲ syʁ sɛn], lit. 'Boulogne-on-Seine') is a wealthy and prestigious commune in the western inner suburbs of Paris, France, located 8.2 km (5 mi) from the centre of Paris at Notre Dame. It is a subprefecture of the Hauts-de-Seine department and thus the seat of the larger arrondissement of Boulogne-Billancourt. It is also part of the Métropole du Grand Paris. Boulogne-Billancourt includes one island in the Seine: Île Seguin.

Boulogne-Billancourt is one of the wealthiest regions in the Parisian area and in France. Formerly an important industrial site, it has successfully reconverted into business services and is now home to major communication companies headquartered in the Val de Seine business district.
Belgrade, Missouri
Belgrade is an unincorporated community in south central Washington County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Missouri Supplemental Route C, approximately five miles (8.0 km) west of Caledonia and ten miles (16 km) south of Potosi.

Potosi, Missouri
Potosi is a city and the county seat of Washington County, Missouri, United States. Potosi is 72 miles (116 km) southwest of St. Louis. The population was 2,538 as of the 2020 census.

Located in the Lead Belt, the city was founded in 1763 by French colonists as Mine à Breton or Mine au Breton. After the United States acquired this area, American Moses Austin renamed the community for the Bolivian silver-mining city of Potosí. He was involved in lead mining.
Polymeridium albidoreagens
Polymeridium albidoreagens is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2013 by lichenologists André Aptroot, Aline Anjos Menezes, and Marcela Cáceres. The type specimen was collected in Rondônia's Porto Velho, Parque Natural Municipal, at an altitude of 100 m (330 ft); other specimens have been reported from Ceará in the Chapada do Araripe. This lichen species is similar to Polymeridium albidum but is characterized by its UV+ (yellow) thallus. The ecorticate, whitish-grey thallus features spherical, erumpent, solitary ascomata with diameters ranging from 0.2 to 0.4 mm and an apical ostiole. The hamathecium is not inspersed, and the ascospores number 8 per ascus, contain 3 septa, and measure 20–23 by 6–8 μm without ornamentation. The lichen's chemistry includes the presence of lichexanthone.

Rondônia
Rondônia (English: /rɒnˈdoʊniə/, ron-DOHN-ee-ə ⓘ; Brazilian Portuguese: [ʁõˈdõnjɐ] ⓘ) is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the North Region (the central-western part). It is bordered by Acre in the west, 
Amazonas in the north, Mato Grosso in the east, and Bolivia in the south. Rondônia has a population of 1,815,000 as of 2021. It is the fifth least populated state. Its capital and largest city is Porto Velho, bathed by the Madeira River. The state was named after Cândido Rondon, who explored the north of the country during the 1910s. The state, which is home to c. 0.7% of the Brazilian population, is responsible for c. 0.3% of the Brazilian GDP.

The state has 52 municipalities and occupies an area of 237,590.547 km2, equivalent to the territory of Romania and almost five times larger than Croatia. In addition to this, there are other important cities such as Ariquemes, Cacoal, Guajará-Mirim, Ji-Paraná, Rolim de Moura and Vilhena.
Tastee Diner
Tastee Diner is a small franchise of diners in the suburban Washington, D.C. area established in 1935.  There are two Tastee Diner locations in the US state of Maryland: Bethesda, and Laurel. Tastee Diner serves a wide variety of authentic American food, with a heavy emphasis on breakfast, and pie.  Their restaurants are all open twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week.

The shuttered Silver Spring location was made an historic landmark in Montgomery County in 1994.  It received national attention on June 17, 2000, when it was moved from its original location on Georgia Ave. to its new location on Cameron St. This was done in order to free up the land for use by Discovery Communications, which had purchased the property to serve as the site of their headquarters building.

Tastee Diner has been the subject of various news articles, including several from The Washington Post, which labeled it "The Most Famous Diner in Montgomery County."

Laurel, Maryland
Laurel is a city in  Prince George's County, Maryland United States. It is located between Washington, D.C., and Baltimore on the banks of the Patuxent River. Its population was 30,060 at the 2020 census. Founded as a mill town in the early 19th century, Laurel expanded local industry and was later able to become an early commuter town for Washington and Baltimore workers following the arrival of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in 1835.  Largely residential today, the city maintains a historic district centered on its Main Street.
2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Oregon
The 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Oregon were held on Tuesday, November 4, 2014, to elect the five U.S. representatives from the state of Oregon, one from each of the state's five congressional districts. The elections coincided with the elections of other federal and state offices, including the governor of Oregon and a United States senator. Primary elections were held on May 20, 2014.

Earl Blumenauer
Earl Francis Blumenauer (/ˈbluːmənaʊ.ər/ BLOOM-ə-nowər; born August 16, 1948) is an American lawyer, author, and politician who served as the U.S. representative for Oregon's 3rd congressional district from 1996 to 2025. The district includes most of Portland east of the Willamette River.

As a member of the Democratic Party, Blumenauer previously spent over 20 years as a public official in Portland, including serving on the Portland City Council from 1987 to 1996, when he succeeded Ron Wyden in the U.S. House of Representatives. Wyden was elected to the U.S. Senate after Bob Packwood resigned.

Blumenauer is known for his distinctive bow ties and neon bicycle lapel pins. Blumenauer gifts his signature bike pins to fellow congressmen, interns, and staffers.

Since January 2025, Blumenauer serves as a senior fellow at Portland State University and as special advisor to university president Ann Cudd.