hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Granheim
Granheim is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Asbjørn Granheim (1906–1977), Norwegian politician

Else Granheim (1926–1999), Norwegian librarian and civil servant

Tormod Granheim (born 1974), Norwegian adventurer and motivational speaker

Else Granheim
Else Granheim (16 March 1926 – 7 March 1999)  was a Norwegian librarian and civil servant.

A librarian and eventually director of Statens bibliotektilsyn, she was also involved in legislative work and public commissions, edited library magazines, and served as president of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions.
River Road Entertainment
River Road Entertainment is an American independent film production company founded in 1987 by Bill Pohlad, who is also the company's president. It is based in Los Angeles and Minneapolis. Films produced by River Road include 12 Years A Slave, The Tree of Life, and American Utopia. Other titles include Into The Wild, Wild, Fair Game, Love & Mercy (which Pohlad also directed), Brokeback Mountain, A Prairie Home Companion, and A Monster Calls, as well as feature documentary films, including Food, Inc.

A Prairie Home Companion (film)
A Prairie Home Companion is a 2006 American musical comedy film directed by Robert Altman in his final film. It is a fictional representation of behind-the-scenes activities at the long-running public radio show of the same name. The film received mostly positive reviews and was a moderate box-office success on a small budget. The film features an ensemble cast including Woody Harrelson, Tommy Lee Jones, Garrison Keillor, Kevin Kline, Lindsay Lohan, Virginia Madsen, John C. Reilly, Maya Rudolph, Meryl Streep, and Lily Tomlin.
Surrender (military)
Surrender, in military terms, is the relinquishment of control over territory, combatants, fortifications, ships or armament to another power. A surrender may be accomplished peacefully or it may be the result of defeat in battle. A sovereign state may surrender following defeat in a war, usually by signing a peace treaty or capitulation agreement. A battlefield surrender, either by individuals or when ordered by officers, normally results in those surrendering becoming prisoners of war.

Belligerent
A belligerent is an individual, group, country, or other entity that acts in a hostile manner, such as engaging in combat. The term comes from the Latin bellum gerere (meaning "to wage war"). Unlike the use of belligerent as an adjective meaning "aggressive", its use as a noun does not necessarily imply that a belligerent country is an aggressor.

In times of war, belligerent countries can be contrasted with neutral countries and non-belligerents. However, the application of the laws of war to neutral countries and the responsibilities of belligerents are not affected by any distinction between neutral countries, neutral powers or non-belligerents.
Iynefer I
Iynefer (i(i)-nfr, “the beautiful/good one has come”) was a Fourth Dynasty ancient Egyptian prince, a son of Pharaoh Sneferu. He was thus a brother of Nefertkau I and Khufu and his title was “King’s Son”.

Iynefer had a tomb in Dahshur, and parts of the tomb are now located in the Egyptian Museum. In contrast with the wish of nobles in the Third Dynasty, many nobles during Sneferu’s time appear in relief with a particularly youthful and pleasant demeanor, and Iynefer is one of them.

Fourth Dynasty of Egypt
The Fourth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty IV) is characterized as a "golden age" of the Old Kingdom of Egypt. Dynasty IV lasted from c. 2613 to c. 2498 BC. It was a time of peace and prosperity as well as one during which trade with other countries is officially documented.

The Fourth Dynasty heralded the height of the pyramid-building age. The peaceful rule of the Third Dynasty allowed artistic expressions to flourish. Building experiments done by King Sneferu led to the evolution of mastaba tombs into the smooth-sided pyramids like those seen on the Giza Plateau. According to some historians, no other period in Egyptian history equaled the accomplishments achieved during the Fourth Dynasty.
Stegouros
Stegouros (/ˌstɛɡəˈjʊərɒs/, meaning "roofed tail") is an extinct genus of ankylosaurian dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous Dorotea Formation of southern Chile. The genus contains a single species, Stegouros elengassen, known from a semi-articulated, near-complete skeleton. Stegouros is a member of the Parankylosauria, a clade of small Gondwanan armored dinosaurs. It is characterized by its small body size and distinct arrangement of fused osteoderms forming a macuahuitl-like tail weapon.

Campanian
The Campanian is the fifth of six ages of the Late Cretaceous epoch on the geologic timescale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). In chronostratigraphy, it is the fifth of six stages in the Upper Cretaceous Series. Campanian spans the time from 83.6 (± 0.2) to 72.2 (± 0.2) million years ago. It is preceded by the Santonian and it is followed by the Maastrichtian.

The Campanian was an age when a worldwide sea level rise covered many coastal areas. The morphology of some of these areas has been preserved: it is an unconformity beneath a cover of marine sedimentary rocks.
Seeduwa
Seeduwa  (/sīðuvə/; Sinhalese: සීදුව Seeduwa pronounced [sīðuvə]; Tamil: சீதுவை Seeduwai pronounced [Cītuvai]) is a suburb of Negombo, in Katana Divisional Secretariat, Western Province of Sri Lanka. It is located on the A03 road between Colombo and Negombo.

Seeduwa is 20.6 km (12.8 mi) north of Colombo via E003, and 18.7 km (11.6 mi) north via A03, and is situated south of Katunayake, north of Ja-Ela, and west of Raddoluwa and east of Negombo Lagoon. Seeduwa has an area of 12.065 km2 (4.658 sq mi). In 2012, Seeduwa had a population of 38,355 with the majority of people either Roman Catholics, Methodists or Buddhists.

Negombo Lagoon
Negombo Lagoon is a large estuarine lagoon in Negombo, south-west Sri Lanka.

The lagoon is fed by a number of small rivers and the Hamilton Canal (also known as the Dutch canal). It is linked to the sea by a narrow channel to the north, near Negombo city. It is surrounded by a densely populated region containing rice paddies, coconut plantations and grassland. The land is used for fishing and agriculture. The lagoon has extensive mangrove swamps and attracts a wide variety of water birds including cormorants, herons, egrets, gulls, terns and other waders. Negombo, Katunayake, Seeduwa are some nearby towns. Lagoon fishing is popular among the fishing community in Negombo. Lagoon crabs and lagoon prawns are in high taste and demand.
Jayan quotes
Jayan quotes (ജയൻ ചൊല്ലുകൾ) or Jayan dialogues (ജയൻ ഡയലോഗുകൾ) are satirical quotes of superhuman strength in Malayalam that are based on the late action star Jayan. Jayan worked in Malayalam cinema, a sector of the Indian movie industry based in Kerala. Jayan quotes began as an internet and SMS phenomenon amongst Malayalees around the world in the early 2000s following a resurgence of the actor's popularity in the late 1990s. These satirical quotes are similar to memes around Chuck Norris, Kyle Katarn, Rajnikanth, and Dharmendra. The quotes attained mainstream attention and have become part of popular culture in Kerala.

Superhuman strength
Superhuman strength is a superpower commonly invoked in fiction and other literary works, such as mythology. It is the power to exert force and lift weights beyond what is physically possible for an ordinary human being.
Capo Zafferano Lighthouse
Capo Zafferano Lighthouse (Italian: Faro di Capo Zafferano) is an active lighthouse located at the extreme tip of the homonymy promontory, under a steep ridge, that marks the eastern entrance to the port of Palermo. The lighthouse is in the municipality of Santa Flavia on the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Italian Navy
The Italian Navy (Italian: Marina Militare, lit. 'Military Navy'; abbreviated as MM) is one of the four branches of Italian Armed Forces and was formed in 1946 from what remained of the Regia Marina (Royal Navy) after World War II. The Italian Navy has a strength of approximately 29,300 active personnel, with 184 vessels and 70 aircraft in service. It is considered a multiregional and a blue-water navy.
Paraqti
Paraqti (Quechua paray to rain, -pti, qti a suffix, "if it rains", Hispanicized spelling Paracte) is a mountain in the Cordillera Central in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 m (16,404 ft) high. It lies in the Junín Region, Yauli Province, Yauli District, and in the Lima Region, Huarochiri Province, Chicla District. Paraqti is situated near the Antikuna mountain pass, southwest of Tuku Mach'ay and Chinchirusa, and east of Chuqi Chukchu.

Yauli province
Yauli is one of the nine provinces in Peru that form the Junín Region. It is bordered to the north by the Pasco Region and the province of Junín, to the east by the province of Tarma, to the south by the province of Jauja and to the west by the Lima Region. The population of the province was estimated at 66,093 inhabitants in 2002. The capital of the province is La Oroya.
Apodytes
Apodytes is a genus of flowering plants in the family Metteniusaceae. It was formerly either unplaced as to family or placed in the family Icacinaceae. It consists of about 8 species of evergreen trees, from tropical northeastern Australia, New Caledonia, Africa and Asia. The exact number of species has been revised from 3 to 8, according to The Plant List.

The Plant List
The Plant List was a list of botanical names of species of plants created by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and the Missouri Botanical Garden and launched in 2010. It was intended to be a comprehensive record of all known names of plant species over time, and was produced in response to Target 1 of the 2002–2010 Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSP C), to produce "An online flora of all known plants". It has not been updated since 2013, and has been superseded by World Flora Online.
Louis Royaux
Louis Joseph Royaux (1866-1936) was a Belgian soldier, colonial administrator and explorer. He was born in Dinant on the 28 November 1866 the son of Alexander Royaux and Florentine Royaux (née Beaulot). On 3 April 1888 he enlisted in the 10e régiment de ligne of the Belgian Army, and was appointed as an instructor in the regiment's school in late 1890. He entered the service of the Congo Free State on 1 September 1892 as a sergeant of Force Publique, sailing from Antwerp aboard the "Lulu Bohlen" on 6 September 1892.

Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.
Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge
The Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge is a protected area of New Mexico managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service as part of the National Wildlife Refuge System. It is located in the far northern fringes of the Chihuahuan Desert, 20 miles north of Socorro, New Mexico. The Rio Salado and the Rio Grande flow through the refuge.

National Wildlife Refuge
The National Wildlife Refuge System is a system of protected areas of the United States managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, an agency within the Department of the Interior. The National Wildlife Refuge System is the system of public lands and waters set aside to conserve America's fish, wildlife, and plants.
Golnar
Golnar (Persian: گلنار, lit. 'pomegranate flower') is a feminine given name of Persian origin.

People with this name include:

Golnar Abivardi (born 1973), Swiss dentist and entrepreneur

Golnar Adili (born 1976), Iranian-born American multidisciplinary artist

Golnar Khosrowshahi (born 1971), Iranian-born Canadian businesswoman and CEO

Golnar Servatian (born 1977), Iranian cartoonist

Golnar and Haleh Abivardi
Golnar Abivardi and Haleh Abivardi, also known as the Abivardi Sisters or as Goly/Goli and Haley, are Swiss dentists and businesspeople, known for the Swiss Smile chain of dental clinics and the dental care company vVARDIS.
Gouffier
The Gouffier family was an old French noble family that owned the estate of Bonnivet in Poitou from the 14th century. There were many branches of this family, the chief of them being the dukes of Roannais, the counts of Caravas, the lords of Crévecoeur and of Bonnivet, the marquises of Thois, of Brazeux, and of Espagny. The name of Gouffier was adopted in the 18th century by a branch of the house of Choiseul, to produce the house of Choiseul-Gouffier.

Poitou
Poitou (UK: /ˈpwʌtuː/ PWUH-too, US: /pwɑːˈtuː/ pwah-TOO, French: [pwatu]; Latin: Pictaviensis, Pictavia; Poitevin: Poetou) was a province of west-central France whose capital city was Poitiers. Both Poitou and Poitiers are named after the Pictones Gallic tribe.
Misamis Occidental Provincial Board
The Misamis Occidental Provincial Board is the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial legislature) of the Philippine province of Misamis Occidental.

The districts used in appropriation of members is coextensive with the legislative districts of Misamis Oriental.

Aside from the regular members, the board also includes the provincial federation presidents of the Liga ng mga Barangay (ABC, from its old name "Association of Barangay Captains"), the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK, youth councils) and the Philippine Councilors League (PCL).

Misamis Occidental
Misamis Occidental (Cebuano: Kasadpang Misamis; Subanen: Sindepan Mis'samis; Maranao: Sedepan Misamis; Filipino: Kanlurang Misamis), officially the Province of Misamis Occidental, is a province located in the region of Northern Mindanao in the Philippines. Its capital is the city of Oroquieta while Ozamiz is the most-populous city. The province borders Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Sur to the west and is separated from Lanao del Norte by Panguil Bay to the south and Iligan Bay to the east.
Carlos Díaz (footballer, born 1979)
Carlos Ríchard Díaz (born 4 February 1979, in Montevideo) is a Uruguayan former footballer. He last played for Boston River in the Segunda División Uruguay.

He was a two-times FIFA U-20 World Cup player.

FIFA U-20 World Cup
The FIFA U-20 World Cup is the biennial football world championship tournament for FIFA members' men's national teams with players under the age of 20. The competition has been staged every two years since the inaugural tournament in 1977 when it was hosted by Tunisia under the tournament name of FIFA World Youth Championship until 2005. In 2007 the name was changed to its present form. FIFA bills the men's Under-20 World Cup as "the tournament of tomorrow's superstars." Diego Maradona, Lionel Messi and Paul Pogba are previous winners of the official player of the tournament award, and Erling Haaland was the top scorer at the 2019 edition. The reigning champions are Morocco, which won their first title at the 2025 tournament in Chile.
2012 Misano Superbike World Championship round
The 2012 Misano Superbike World Championship round was the seventh round of the 2012 Superbike World Championship season and the sixth round of the 2012 Supersport World Championship season. It took place on the weekend of June 8–10, 2012 at Misano World Circuit Marco Simoncelli, in Misano Adriatico, Italy.

2012 Supersport World Championship
The 2012 Supersport World Championship was the fourteenth season of the Supersport World Championship—the sixteenth taking into account the two held under the name of Supersport World Series. It began on 26 February at Phillip Island and ended on 7 October in Magny-Cours after 13 rounds.

Kenan Sofuoğlu won his third championship after having returned from Moto2.
Liu To
Liu To (Chinese: 寮肚) is the area around the valley in the midwest of Tsing Yi Island. There is a stream in the valley watering the narrow band of agricultural fields of Liu To Village (寮肚村). Its water formerly filled the Tsing Yi Lagoon and nurtured the rice paddies around the lagoon but now is just water flowing in the underground nullah to the Rambler Channel. The valley has occasionally been referred to as the Liu To Valley (寮肚坑) and the surrounding hills as Liu To Hill (寮肚山).

The Mount Haven (曉峰園) private housing estate sits deep in the valley, while the Cheung Wang Estate and the Cheung Hang Estate stand on the surrounding hills to the north. Liu To Bridge, part of Tsing Yi West Road, spans the valley.

The Tsing Yi Nature Trail runs over the hills at the back of the valley.

Nullah
A nullah or nala (Hindustani or "nallah" in Punjabi) is an 'arm of the sea', stream, or watercourse, a steep narrow valley. Like the wadi of the Arabs, the nullah is characteristic of mountainous or hilly country where there is little rainfall.

In the drier parts of India and Pakistan, and in many parts of Australia, there are small steep-sided valleys penetrating the hills, clothed with rough brushwood or small trees growing in the stony soil. During occasional heavy rains, torrents rush down the nullahs and quickly disappear. There is little local action upon the sides, while the bed is lowered, and consequently these valleys are narrow and steep. In cities on the Delhi plain in India, nullahs are concrete or brick-lined ditches about 3 metres (10 ft) deep and 6 metres (20 ft) wide, used to divert monsoon rain away from the cities.

Encroachment into nullahs is a significant problem in many South Asian cities, since it hampers the drainage of stormwater and can exacerbate floods.
Aqua Lung/La Spirotechnique
Aqualung Group (formerly Aqua Lung International, and prior to that La Spirotechnique) is a manufacturer of self-contained breathing apparatus and other diving equipment. It produced the Aqua-Lung line of regulators, including the CG45 (1945) and the Mistral (1955). From its founding in 1946 until 2016, the company was a division of Air Liquide. The company was sold to Montagu Private Equity in 2016, and subsequently acquired by Barings LLC in 2023.
In June 2025, Aqualung Group was acquired by Head Group.

Montagu Private Equity
Montagu is a mid-market private equity firm. The primary investment focus of Montagu is on management buyouts of performing businesses with enterprise values typically ranging from €200 million to €1 billion.
Bernard Henry Woodward
Bernard Henry Woodward FGS (31 January 1846 – 14 October 1916) was an English-born Australian museum director and naturalist, associated with the Western Australian Museum from its beginnings in 1889 until 1914.

Born in Islington, London, to geologist Samuel Pickworth Woodward, Bernard came to Western Australia in 1889. He is commemorated in the scientific names of several organisms, including the birds Amytornis woodwardi, Colluricincla woodwardi, and the tree Eucalyptus woodwardii.

Western Australian Museum
The Western Australian Museum is a statutory authority within the Culture and the Arts Portfolio, established under the Museum Act 1969.

The museum has six main sites. The state museum, WA Museum Boola Bardip, is located in the Perth Cultural Centre. The other sites are: the WA Maritime Museum and WA Shipwrecks Museum in Fremantle, the Museum of the Great Southern in Albany, the Museum of Geraldton in Geraldton, and the Museum of the Goldfields in Kalgoorlie-Boulder.
Rational Software
Rational Machines was an enterprise founded by Paul Levy and Mike Devlin in 1981 to provide tools to expand the use of modern software engineering practices, particularly explicit modular architecture and iterative development. It changed its name in 1994 to Rational Software, and was sold for US$2.1 billion (equivalent to current US$3.59 billion) to IBM on February 21, 2003.

Iterative and incremental development
Iterative and incremental development is any combination of both iterative design (or iterative method) and incremental build model for development.

Usage of the term began in software development, with a long-standing combination of the two terms iterative and incremental having been widely suggested for large development efforts. For example, the 1985 DOD-STD-2167
mentions (in section 4.1.2): "During software development, more than one iteration of the software development cycle may be in progress at the same time." and "This process may be described as an 'evolutionary acquisition' or 'incremental build' approach." In software, the relationship between iterations and increments is determined by the overall software development process.
Zack Keller
Zack Keller (born September 8, 1984) is an American writer, director, and former film editor and voice actor. He is the narrative director for the video game Candy Crush Saga at King.com. He is best known for his work on the Mondo Media animated web series Dick Figures (2010-2015), as well as co-writing, co-directing, and co-starring in its film Dick Figures: The Movie. He also worked as a writer and narrative designer on The Walking Dead: Michonne, Batman: The Telltale Series, Guardians of the Galaxy: The Telltale Series at Telltale Games, and wrote for the animated television series Unikitty!.

Keller is also the author of the Cuphead series of graphic novels published starting in 2020 by Dark Horse Comics and illustrated in 1930s animation style by Shawn Dickinson. He'd also co-write a five-part book series titled Meet Me By The Falls, alongside animator John Dusenberry and filmmaker Ben Tuller.

Unikitty!
Unikitty! (stylized as UniKitty!) is an American animated children's television series developed by Ed Skudder and Lynn Wang for Cartoon Network and produced by The Lego Group and Warner Bros. Animation. The series is based on and stars the character of the same name from The Lego Movie franchise, in which the series is part of.
Bruskynske
Bruskynske (Ukrainian: Брускинське; Russian: Брускинское) is a village in Beryslav Raion (district) in Kherson Oblast of southern Ukraine, at about 79.2 kilometres (49.2 mi) northeast by north from the centre of Kherson city. Bruskynske belongs to Velyka Oleksandrivka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. According to the 2001 Ukrainian Census, the population of the village is 436.

Raions of Ukraine
A raion (Ukrainian: район, romanized: raion; pl. райони, raiony), often translated as district, is the second-level administrative division in Ukraine. Raions were created in a 1922 administrative reform of the Soviet Union, to which Ukraine, as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, belonged.

On 17 July 2020, the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) approved an administrative reform to merge most of the 490 raions, along with the "cities of regional significance", which were previously outside the raions, into just 136 reformed raions. Most tasks of the raions (education, healthcare, sport facilities, culture, and social welfare) were taken over by new hromadas, the subdivisions of raions. The 136 new districts include ten in Crimea, which have been de facto outside Ukrainian control since the start of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014.
Central duct excision
Central duct excision is the surgical removal (excision) of all lactiferous duct under the nipple. The excision of a single duct is called microdochectomy, a mere incision of a mammary duct (without excision) is microdochotomy.

Lactiferous duct
Lactiferous ducts are ducts that converge and form a branched system connecting the nipple to the lobules of the mammary gland. When lactogenesis occurs, under the influence of hormones, the milk is moved to the nipple by the action of smooth muscle contractions along the ductal system to the tip of the nipple. They are also referred to as galactophores, galactophorous ducts, mammary ducts, mamillary ducts or milk ducts.