hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polygrammodes quatrilis
Polygrammodes quatrilis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1902. It is found in Venezuela and Colombia.

The forewings are white, although the costal margin and all the veins are black. The hindwings are semihyaline white. The fringes of both wings are white.

Herbert Druce
Herbert Druce, FLS (14 July 1846 in London – 11 April 1913 in London) was an English entomologist. His collections were acquired by Frederick DuCane Godman (1834–1919), Osbert Salvin (1835–1898), and James John Joicey (1870–1932) before being bequeathed to the Natural History Museum in London.

He is not to be confused with his son, the English entomologist Hamilton Herbert Druce (1869 – 21 June 1922), who also worked on Lepidoptera.
David Rank
David Herr Rank (January 2, 1907 – January 17, 1981) was an American spectroscopist.

Rank was born in Annville, Pennsylvania and attended Lebanon Valley College in his hometown. He pursued graduate study at Pennsylvania State University beginning in 1930 and joined the faculty in 1935. Rank was appointed the Evan Pugh Professor in Physics in 1961. He retired in 1972 and died at Centre County Community Hospital in State College, Pennsylvania, on January 17, 1981, aged 74.

He was a Fellow of The Optical Society and APS, and he received the Frederic Ives Medal in 1969.

State College, Pennsylvania
State College is a borough and home rule municipality in Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 40,501 at the 2020 census. It is a college town home to Penn State University Park, the main campus of the Pennsylvania State University.

State College is the largest borough in Pennsylvania by population. It is the principal borough of the six municipalities that make up the State College area, the largest settlement in Centre County, and one of the principal cities of the greater State College–DuBois combined statistical area which had 238,734 residents in 2020.
Cadmium cycle
The cadmium cycle is a biogeochemical cycle of dispersion and deposition of cadmium through the atmosphere, biosphere, pedosphere, and hydrosphere. Cadmium typically exists in the environment with an oxidation state of +2 but can be found with an oxidation state of +1 (though quite uncommon).

Dispersion (chemistry)
A dispersion is a system in which distributed particles of one material are dispersed in a continuous phase of another material.  The two phases may be in the same or different states of matter.

Dispersions are classified in a number of different ways, including how large the particles are in relation to the particles of the continuous phase, whether or not precipitation occurs, and the presence of Brownian motion.  In general, dispersions of particles sufficiently large for sedimentation are called suspensions, while those of smaller particles are called colloids and solutions.
SERENDIP
SERENDIP (Search for Extraterrestrial Radio Emissions from Nearby Developed Intelligent Populations) is a Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) program originated by the Berkeley SETI Research Center at the University of California, Berkeley.

SERENDIP takes advantage of ongoing "mainstream" radio telescope observations as a "piggy-back" or "commensal" program. Rather than having its own observation program, SERENDIP analyzes deep space radio telescope data that it obtains while other astronomers are using the telescope.

Deep-sky object
A deep-sky object (DSO) is any astronomical object that is not an individual star or Solar System object (such as Sun, Moon, planet, comet, etc.). The classification is used for the most part by amateur astronomers to denote visually observed faint naked eye and telescopic objects such as star clusters, nebulae and galaxies.  This distinction is practical and technical, implying a variety of instruments and techniques appropriate to observation, and does not distinguish the nature of the object itself.
I Put a Hit on You
I Put a Hit on You is a 2014 Canadian romantic comedy thriller film, written and directed by Dane Clark and Linsey Stewart. The film stars Sara Canning as Harper, a woman whose attempt to propose marriage to her boyfriend Ray (Aaron Ashmore) goes awry and turns into a breakup; that night, she drunkenly hires a stranger over the internet to kill Ray, but regretting her actions a few hours later she has to go over to his apartment to prevent the hitman (Danny Smith) from going through with it.

The cast also includes Heather Sande, Jonathan Llyr, Sarah Evans and Darrell Faria in supporting roles.

Aaron Ashmore
Aaron Richard Ashmore (born October 7, 1979) is a Canadian actor. He is known for portraying Jimmy Olsen on Smallville (2006–2011), Steve Jinks on Warehouse 13 (2011–2014), and Johnny Jaqobis on Killjoys (2015–2019), the latter of which earned him a Canadian Screen Award nomination. He also portrayed Duncan Locke in Locke & Key (2020–2022) and has appeared in Veronica Mars, In Plain Sight, Ginny & Georgia (2023–present), and SkyMed (2022–present). In film, he starred in the thriller The Thaw (2009), earning a Leo Award nomination for Best Lead Performance.

He is the identical twin brother of actor Shawn Ashmore.
Jameson Avenue
Jameson Avenue is a multi-lane arterial road in the Parkdale neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is a north-south roadway from Lake Shore Boulevard to Queen Street. Originally laid out in the 19th century as a two-lane residential street, its traffic and land use has changed considerably from a suburban/semi-rural street to a main arterial connecting to an expressway.

The road is named for Robert Sympson Jameson, former Attorney General of Upper Canada.

Limited-access road
A limited-access road, known by various terms worldwide, including limited-access highway,  partial controlled-access highway, and expressway, is a highway or arterial road for high-speed traffic which has many or most characteristics of a controlled-access highway (also known as a freeway or motorway), including limited or no access to adjacent property; some degree of separation of opposing traffic flow (often being dual carriageways); use of grade separated interchanges to some extent; prohibition of slow modes of transport, such as bicycles, horse-drawn vehicles or ridden horses, or self-propelled agricultural machines; and very few or no intersecting cross-streets or level crossings. The degree of isolation from local traffic allowed varies between countries and regions. The precise definition of these terms varies by jurisdiction.
Nagai Michitoshi
Nagai Michitoshi (長井 道利, died September 17, 1571), also known as Nagai Hayato No Kami, was a retainer in the Japanese Saitō clan following the 16th-century Sengoku period.

The brother of Saitō Dōsan, the "Serpent Daimyō", Michitoshi was made an officer of the Saitō clan. When Saitō Yoshitatsu, a son of Dōsan, and he clashed in a fight, Michitoshi took the side of Yoshitatsu. Michitoshi later fought under Saitō Tatsuoki, the son of Yoshitatsu, against the Oda clan during the Mino campaign. After their castle was taken over by the Oda forces, Michitoshi accompanied Tatsuoki into exile.

Saitō Tatsuoki
Saitō Uhyōe-Taihitsu Tatsuoki (斎藤 右兵衛・大筆 龍興, Saitō Uhyōe-Taihitsu Tatsuoki; 1548–September 6, 1573) was a daimyō in Mino Province during the Sengoku period and the third generation lord of the Saitō clan. He was a son of Saitō Yoshitatsu, grandson of Saitō Dōsan and nephew of Oda Nobunaga's first wife, Nohime. Through his mother, he was also a grandson of Azai Hisamasa and nephew of Azai Nagamasa.
Tatyana Reshetnikova
Tatyana Reshetnikova (born 14 October 1966) is a Russian former hurdler. She finished fourth in the 100 metres hurdles final at the 1995 World Championships. Her best time in the 100m hurdles of 12.53 secs on 4 July 1994 in Linz, was the fastest time in the world for that year (tied with Svetla Dimitrova).

She is married to 1988 Olympic pole vault silver medallist, Rodion Gataullin.

1995 World Championships in Athletics
The 5th World Championships in Athletics (Swedish: Världsmästerskapen i friidrott 1995), under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held at the Ullevi Stadium, Gothenburg, Sweden on 5–13 August 1995.

This edition featured 1804 athletes from 191 nations.

This competition saw the women run the 5000 m event at the World Championships for the first time. The race replaced the 3000 m event which had been run at all previous World Championships.
American Eagles men's soccer
The American Eagles men's soccer team is an intercollegiate varsity sports team of American University. The team is a member of the Patriot League of the National Collegiate Athletic Association. In 1985, the team reached the national championship game, losing to UCLA after eight overtimes.

UCLA Bruins men's soccer
The UCLA Bruins men's soccer team is an intercollegiate varsity sports team of the University of California at Los Angeles. The team is a member of the Big Ten Conference of the National Collegiate Athletic Association.

UCLA soccer's main rivals are Stanford, UC Santa Barbara, and California.
Kinn Church (Innlandet)
Kinn Church (Norwegian: Kinn kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Nordre Land Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the village of Aust-Torpa. It is one of the churches for the Torpa parish which is part of the Hadeland og Land prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The red, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1956 using plans drawn up by the architect Wilhelm Swensen. The church seats about 140 people.

Diocese of Hamar
The Diocese of Hamar  (Norwegian: Hamar Bispedømme) is a diocese within the Church of Norway. The Diocese of Hamar includes all of the churches in Innlandet county plus the churches in Lunner Municipality in Akershus county. Administratively, the diocese is divided into 10 deaneries and 164 parishes in the diocese. The seat of the Diocese of Hamar is located at the Hamar Cathedral (Norwegian: Hamar domkirke) in the city of Hamar.
Iomud
The Iomud is a breed of light horse from Turkmenistan. Like other breeds of Turkmen horse, it is named for the Turkmen tribe that bred it, the Iomud. Both the name of the horse and the name of the Turkmen clan may be spelt in many ways, including Iomud, Yomud, Yamud and Yomut. The Iomud horse is raised in Turkmenistan, particularly in the velayat of Daşoguz; in Uzbekistan; in Karakalpakstan (now part of Uzbekistan), particularly in the Khwarezm region; and in Iraq, Iran and Turkey.: 30  Unlike the Akhal-Teke, it usually kept in herds in desert or semi-desert areas.: 297

Turkmen tribes
The major modern Turkmen tribes are Teke, Yomut, Ersari, Chowdur, Gokleng, and Saryk. The most numerous are the Teke.

The origin of all of these tribes is traced to 24 ancient Oghuz tribes, among which the Salur tribe played a prominent role as its people are considered the ancestors of modern Turkmen tribes such as Teke, Yomut and Ersari.

Seljuks, Khwarazmians, Qara Qoyunlu, Aq Qoyunlu, Ottomans, and Afsharids are also believed to descend from the early Oghuz Turkmen tribes of Qiniq, Begdili, Yiwa, Bayandur, Kayi, and Afshar respectively.
Exposition des primitifs flamands à Bruges
The Exposition des primitifs flamands à Bruges (Exhibition of Flemish Primitives at Bruges) was an art exhibition of paintings by the so-called Flemish Primitives (nowadays usually called Early Netherlandish painters) held in the Provinciaal Hof in Bruges between 15 June and 5 October 1902.

It was the largest exhibition of 15th- and 16th-century Flemish art to date, consisted of 413 official catalogue entries, and drew some 35,000 visitors. The exposition was highly influential, leading to at least five contemporary books as well as numerous scholarly articles, and initiated deeper study of the Flemish Primitives by a new generation of connoisseurs. It also inspired Johan Huizinga to research and write his The Autumn of the Middle Ages. The change in attribution of many important works (in table below) reflects progress in understanding the era by art historians since then, although it is an ongoing process.

Connoisseur
A connoisseur (French traditional, pre-1835, spelling of connaisseur, from Middle-French connoistre, then connaître meaning 'to be acquainted with' or 'to know somebody/something') is a person who has a great deal of knowledge about the fine arts; who is a keen appreciator of cuisines, fine wines, and other gourmet products; or who is an expert judge in matters of taste.  In many areas, the term now has an air of pretension, and may be used in a partly ironic sense. In the art trade, however, expert connoisseurship remains a crucial skill for the identification and attribution to individual artists of works by the style and technique, where documentary evidence of provenance is lacking.  The situation in the wine trade is similar, for example in assessing the potential for ageing in a young wine through wine tasting.
Indium antimonide
Indium antimonide (InSb) is a crystalline compound made from the elements indium (In) and antimony (Sb). It is a narrow-gap semiconductor material from the III-V group used in infrared detectors, including thermal imaging cameras, FLIR systems, infrared homing missile guidance systems, and in infrared astronomy. Indium antimonide detectors are sensitive to infrared wavelengths between 1 and 5 μm.

Indium antimonide was a very common detector in the old, single-detector mechanically scanned thermal imaging systems. Another application is as a terahertz radiation source as it is a strong photo-Dember emitter.

Missile guidance
Missile guidance is a field of engineering, specifically guidance, navigation and control, dealing with the control of missiles and guided bombs. Missile guidance systems are designed to maximize the reliability and accuracy of these weapons, by improving the likelihood they reach their target.

Guidance systems can be broadly divided into two categories: Go-onto-target (GOT) systems can be used against moving targets, and go-onto-location-in-space (GOLIS) systems attack fixed geographical positions.

Missiles and guided bombs generally use similar types of guidance system, the difference between the two being that missiles are powered by an onboard engine, whereas guided bombs rely on the speed of the launch aircraft and gravity for propulsion.
Irene Skovgaard
Irene Georgia Skovgaard (2 December 1902 - 12 March 1982) was a Danish writer, composer, and music educator who specialized in recorder music and canons, and belonged to the Skovgaard family of artists.

Skovgaard was one of eight children born to Ingeborg Luplau Møller and the painter Niels Kristian Skovgaard. Her grandfather was Peter Christian Skovgaard, the well-known Danish landscape painter. She studied piano and voice at the Royal Danish Academy of Music, finishing in 1930.

In 1939, Skovgaard and Werner Wolf Glaser opened a School of Music in Lyngbby, Denmark. Skovgaard collaborated with Glaser, as well as with her brother Hjalte Skovgaard, on several publications (see below).

Skovgaard’s works were published by Imudico and Skandinavisk Musikforlag. They include:

P. C. Skovgaard
Peter Christian Thamsen Skovgaard (4 April 1817 – 13 April 1875), known as P. C. Skovgaard, was a Danish national romantic landscape painter. He is considered one of the leading landscape painters of the 19th century and is one of the main figures associated with the Golden Age of Danish Painting. He is especially known for his large scale portrayals of the Danish landscape.
2011 Morocco Tennis Tour – Rabat
The 2011 Morocco Tennis Tour – Rabat was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the fifth edition of the tournament which is part of the 2011 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Rabat, Morocco between 14 and 20 March 2011.

2011 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The 2011 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 15 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and approximately 150 regular series tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $150,000.
Kyle's Mill House
Kyle's Mill House is a historic home located near Harrisonburg, Rockingham County, Virginia. It was built about 1750, and was built as a two-story, hall-parlor plan log dwelling with a side gable roof.  It was expanded about 1826 to a central-hall plan, a rear ell was added in 1903, and the house was renovated in 1986.  The house is clad in weatherboard and has exterior end chimneys.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Central-passage house
The central-passage house, also known variously as central hall plan house, center-hall house, hall-passage-parlor house, Williamsburg cottage, and Tidewater-type cottage, was a vernacular, or folk form, house type from the colonial period onward into the 19th century in the United States.
Vaughan Kester
Vaughan or Vaughn Kester (September 12, 1869 – July 4, 1911) was an American novelist and journalist.

He was the elder brother of dramatist and author Paul Kester (1870–1933).

His style and topics were influenced by his travels through western and southern U.S., and by his mother's cousin William Dean Howells. His novel The Manager of the B & A was made into a film in 1916 directed by J.P. McGowan, with Leo Maloney and Helen Holmes, reissued in 1921 as The Man from Medicine Hat.
He married Jessie B. Jennings from Mount Vernon, Ohio on August 31, 1898. They had no children.

In 1902, with his brother, he purchased and renovated Woodlawn Plantation.  From 1907, he lived at Gunston Hall, where he wrote The Prodigal Judge, and where he died. A memorial in his honor was placed by his mother in Pohick Church, which had at one time been the parish church of Gunston Hall.

Mount Vernon, Ohio
Mount Vernon is a city in Knox County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. It is located along the Kokosing River, 40 miles (64 km) northeast of Columbus. The population was 16,956 at the 2020 census.
Dolinsk
Dolinsk (Russian: Долинск) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Dolinsk, Sakhalin Oblast, a town in Dolinsky District of Sakhalin Oblast

Rural localities

Dolinsk, Orenburg Oblast, a settlement in Toksky Selsoviet of Krasnogvardeysky District of Orenburg Oblast

Sakhalin Oblast
Sakhalin Oblast (Russian: Сахали́нская о́бласть, romanized: Sakhalinskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [səxɐˈlʲinskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) comprising the island of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands in the Russian Far East. The oblast has an area of 87,100 square kilometers (33,600 sq mi). Its administrative center and largest city is Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. As of the 2021 Census, the oblast has a population of 466,609.

The vast majority of the oblast's residents are ethnic Russians, with a small minority of Sakhalin Koreans. Sakhalin Oblast is rich in natural gas and oil, and is Russia's second wealthiest federal subject after the Tyumen Oblast. It borders by sea Khabarovsk Krai to the west and Kamchatka Krai to the north, along with Hokkaido, Japan to the south.
70th NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen
The 70th NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen (第70回NHK紅白歌合戦, The 70th NHK Red & White Song Battle) was the 2019 edition of NHK's television special Kōhaku Uta Gassen, held on December 31 live from NHK Hall (Tokyo, Japan), and broadcast in Japan through NHK General Television and NHK Radio 1, and worldwide through TV Japan (US only) and NHK World Premium. This is the first edition in the Reiwa period. The White Team won this event.

Reiwa era
Reiwa (Japanese: 令和; pronounced [ɾeːwa] ⓘ or [ɾeꜜːwa]) is the current and 232nd era of the official calendar of Japan. It began on 1 May 2019, the day on which Emperor Akihito's eldest son, Naruhito, ascended the throne as the 126th Emperor of Japan. The day before, Emperor Akihito abdicated the Chrysanthemum Throne, marking the end of the Heisei era. The year 2019 corresponds with Heisei 31 from 1 January to 30 April, and with Reiwa 1 (令和元年, Reiwa gannen; 'the base year of Reiwa') from 1 May. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan explained the meaning of Reiwa to be "beautiful harmony".
Joe Windbiel
Joseph C. Windbiel Jr. (March 6, 1897 – June 25, 1971) was a professional football player who played in the American Professional Football Association (AFPA)—now known as the National Football League (NFL)—with the Evansville Crimson Giants during the 1921 season. He also reportedly played for the Detroit Heralds before the team joined the NFL in 1920. Windbiel played college football at St. Mary's College—now known known as the University of Dayton—where was a three-time letterman (1913, 1915, 1916) and the captain of the school's 1916 team.

Windbiel was also a high school football coach in Evansville, Indiana. For the final 19 years of life, he resided in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where he died on June 25, 1971, at Holy Cross Hospital.

Detroit (1920s NFL teams)
Detroit had four early teams in the National Football League before the Detroit Lions. The Heralds played in 1920, and had played as an independent as far back as 1905. The Tigers, a continuation of the Heralds, played in 1921, folding midseason and sending their players to the Buffalo All-Americans. The Panthers competed from 1925 to 1926 and the Wolverines in 1928.
Piero Pelù
Pietro "Piero" Pelù (Italian pronunciation: [ˈpjɛːro peˈlu]; born 10 February 1962) is an Italian singer-songwriter. One of the most popular artists of the Italian rock scene, he is known for being the lead singer and co-founder of the band Litfiba, as well as for his solo activity. He is also known for his social and political commitment.

Anti-war movement
An anti-war movement is a social movement in opposition to one or more nations' decision to start or carry on an armed conflict. The term anti-war can also refer to pacifism, which is the opposition to all use of military force during conflicts, or to anti-war books, paintings, and other works of art. Some activists distinguish between anti-war movements and peace movements. Anti-war activists work through protest and other grassroots means to attempt to pressure a government (or governments) to put an end to a particular war or conflict or to prevent one from arising.
Joseph Carson
Joseph Carson is the name of:

Joseph Carson (pharmacist) (1808–1876), American physician and botanist

Joseph K. Carson (1891–1956), mayor of Portland, Oregon, United States

Jo Carson (Josephine Catron Carson; 1946–2011), American author

Joe Carson (footballer) (born 1953), Scottish footballer

Joe Carson (musician) (1936–1964), American country-music performer

Joe Carson (Petticoat Junction), a main fictional character on the television sitcom Petticoat Junction

Joe Carson (musician)
Joe Carson (born Joe Franklin Carson in Holliday, Texas; 21 November 1936) was an American country music performer, active from the early 1950s to early 1960s.  He died in an auto accident at the age of 27, on 28 February 1964.
Rajkumar Udaybhan Narain Singh
Udaybhan Narain Singh (born 4 December 1973 in New Delhi, India) is an Indian politician who was the Independent Director of JIADA (Jharkhand Industrial Area Development Authority) in the Government of Jharkhand and was one of the leaders of the Jharkhand Vikas Morcha  but later joined Bhartiya Janta Party in 2013. Being close to Rajnath Singh,  gained popularity in the party also. Belongs to the erstwhile royal family of Ramgarh Raj  and has a strong hold over the North Chotanagpur belt (Chatra, Hazaribagh, etc). Singh is grandson of Maharaj Kumar Dr. Basant Narain Singh who served as 4 times MP from Hazaribagh aur also 2 times MLA from Hazaribagh.

Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)
Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik) (JVM (P)) (transl. 'Jharkhand Development Front (Democratic)') was a state political party in the Indian state of Jharkhand which was founded by former Union Minister and the first Chief Minister of Jharkhand, Babulal Marandi.