hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
USS Oglala
USS Oglala (ID-1255/CM-4/ARG-1) was a minelayer in the United States Navy. Commissioned as Massachusetts, she was renamed Shawmut a month later, and in 1928, was renamed after the Oglala, a sub-tribe of the Lakota, residing in the Black Hills of South Dakota.

Massachusetts was built as a fast cargo vessel for the New England Navigation Company by William Cramp & Sons of Philadelphia in 1907. In 1911 the ship was sold to the Maine Steamship Company and converted to passenger service. The next year Massachusetts was sold to the Eastern Steamship Corporation. The ship then operated in overnight coastal passenger steamer service through the Cape Cod Canal and Long Island Sound between Boston and New York City. After the US entered World War I, Massachusetts and her sister ship Bunker Hill, were among eight civilian steamships purchased to lay the North Sea Mine Barrage.

Long Island Sound
Long Island Sound is a marine sound and tidal estuary of the Atlantic Ocean. It lies predominantly between the U.S. state of Connecticut to the north and Long Island in New York state to the south. From west to east, the sound stretches 110 mi (180 km) from the East River and the Throgs Neck Bridge in New York City, along the North Shore of Long Island, to Block Island Sound. The sound forms part of the Intracoastal Waterway.

A mix of freshwater from tributaries, and saltwater from the Atlantic Ocean, Long Island Sound is 21 miles (34 km) at its widest point and varies in depth from 65 to 230 feet (20 to 70 m).
Periodic graph (graph theory)
In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, a periodic graph with respect to an operator F on graphs is one for which there exists an integer n > 0 such that Fn(G) is isomorphic to G.  For example, every graph is periodic with respect to the complementation operator, whereas only complete graphs are periodic with respect to the operator that assigns to each graph the complete graph on the same vertices.  Periodicity is one of many properties of graph operators, the central topic in graph dynamics.

Complete graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, a complete graph is a simple undirected graph in which every pair of distinct vertices is connected by a unique edge.  A complete digraph is a directed graph in which every pair of distinct vertices is connected by a pair of unique edges (one in each direction).

Graph theory itself is typically dated as beginning with Leonhard Euler's 1736 work on the Seven Bridges of Königsberg. However, drawings of complete graphs, with their vertices placed on the points of a regular polygon, had already appeared in the 13th century, in the work of Ramon Llull. Such a drawing is sometimes referred to as a mystic rose.
Len Worley
Leonard Francis Worley (born 26 June 1937) is a former amateur footballer who played for Wycombe Wanderers, Charlton Athletic, Tottenham Hotspur, Chesham United, Wealdstone, Slough Town, Hayes and represented England at amateur level on seven occasions.

England national amateur football team
The England national amateur football team was the amateur representative team for England at football. It was formed in 1901,: 5–6  due to the growth of the professional game which meant that amateur players could no longer easily find places in the main England national team.

It was the most successful team in the British Amateur Championship, winning on 16 occasions (5 joint). The England amateur team was disbanded by The Football Association in 1974.
Dollhouse season 2
The second and final season of the television series Dollhouse premiered on September 25, 2009, on Fox and concluded its 13-episode season on January 29, 2010. The season aired on Fridays at 9:00 pm ET.

Enver Gjokaj
Enver Leif Gjokaj (/ɛnˈvɛər ˈdʒoʊkaɪ/ en-VAIR JOH-ky, born February 12, 1980)  is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Victor in the science fiction television series Dollhouse, Daniel Sousa in Agent Carter and Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D., and Clark Evans in Invasion.
Oldfieldia
Oldfieldia is a plant genus under the family Picrodendraceae, the only member of its subtribe (Paiveusinae).  It was described as a genus in 1850.

Oldfieldia is native to Africa.

Species

Oldfieldia is after Richard Albert Kearns Oldfield (R.A.K Oldfield) the British plant collector in Nigeria and Sierra Leone and surgeon on the 1832-1834 Niger River expedition with Laird and Lauder

Oldfieldia africana Benth. & Hook.f. - Ivory Coast, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Gabon, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo

Oldfieldia dactylophylla (Welw. ex Oliv.) J.Léonard - Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Zambia, Angola

Oldfieldia macrocarpa J.Léonard - Democratic Republic of the Congo

Oldfieldia somalensis (Chiov.) Milne-Redh - Somali, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique

Subtribe
In a social context, a subtribe is a secondary division of a broader ethnic grouping or tribe, functioning as a distinct unit defined by specific kinship ties, geographic territory, or linguistic dialects. For example, the Kipsigis are a major sub-tribe that falls under the broader Kalenjin ethnic group of East Africa.

This term also serves as a formal taxonomic rank in biological science, where it is positioned directly below a tribe (biology) and above a genus. Following this hierarchy, the Hyptidinae is a botanical subtribe categorized under the tribe Ocimeae within the mint family. In both fields, the "tribe" acts as the parent category, while the "subtribe" identifies a specific branch within that larger lineage, with scientific names typically ending in -ina for animals (e.g., Hominina) and -inae for plants.
Day Dawn mine remains, Charters Towers
Day Dawn mine remains is a heritage-listed mine ruins at Paull Street, Charters Towers City, Charters Towers, Charters Towers Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1891 to 1913. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 29 April 2003.

Charters Towers Region
The Charters Towers Region is a local government area in North Queensland, Australia southwest of, and inland from the city of Townsville, based in Charters Towers. Established in 2008, it was preceded by two previous local government areas which dated back to the 1870s.

It has an estimated operating budget of A$27.5 m.

In the 2021 census, the Charters Towers Region had a population of 11,794 people.
Gyan Bharati School
Gyan Bharati School is an English medium co-educational school, established in 1980. It is located in Saket, next to PVR Anupam, New Delhi, India, and has classes from Nursery to the 12th standard. The school has eight houses: Abhimanyu (Light Blue), Bharat (Violet), Dhruv (Indigo), Kasturba (Green), Prahlad (Yellow), Shravan (Orange), Lakshmibai (Red), and Siddharth (Maroon).

The founding principal of this school was M. N. Kapur. It is owned by the Ansal Group.

Sushant University
Sushant University, formerly Ansal University (AU) is a private university situated in Gurgaon, National Capital Region (NCR), India. It was established in 2012 through the Haryana Private Universities Act (Amendment) 2012,. It was previously a private college affiliated with Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, established in August 2000 under the Chiranjiv Charitable Trust. In 2020 it was renamed to its current name, under the Haryana Private Universities (Amendment) Act, 2020.
Lithobraking
Lithobraking is a term used by spacecraft engineers to refer to a spacecraft reducing its velocity by impacting the surface of a planet or moon.  Originally coined as whimsical euphemism for a "crash landing", it is now also used when the collision is deliberate.  The word was coined by analogy with "aerobraking", slowing a spacecraft by intersecting the atmosphere, with "lithos" (Ancient Greek: λίθος [líthos], "rock") substituted to indicate the spacecraft is intersecting the planet's solid lithosphere rather than merely its gaseous atmosphere.

According to Jonathan McDowell, "Lithobraking reduces the apoapsis height to zero instantly, but with the unfortunate side effect that the spacecraft does not survive. Originally a whimsical euphemism, but increasingly a standard term."

The term lithobraking has been popularised by the video game Kerbal Space Program as a euphemism for spacecraft crashes.

Jonathan McDowell
Jonathan Christopher McDowell (born 6 July 1960) is a British-American astronomer and astrophysicist who works at the Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics's Chandra X-ray Center. McDowell is the author and editor of Jonathan's Space Report, an e-mail-distributed newsletter documenting satellite launches.
Nodaway
Nodaway can refer to several places in the United States:

Nodaway County, Missouri

Nodaway, Iowa

Nodaway, Missouri

The Nodaway River, in Iowa and Missouri

Nodaway Valley

Nodaway Valley Community School District

There are six  townships named Nodaway:

Nodaway Township, Adams County, Iowa

Nodaway Township, Page County, Iowa

Nodaway Township, Taylor County, Iowa

Nodaway Township, Andrew County, Missouri

Nodaway Township, Holt County, Missouri

Nodaway Township, Nodaway County, Missouri

Nodaway Township, Holt County, Missouri
Nodaway Township is a township in Holt County, Missouri, United States. At the 2020 census, its population was 156. Its name comes from the Nodaway River. It is approximately 25 square miles. No communities are presently located within the township, though  Richville once existed centrally in the township.

Nodaway Township was erected in 1841 and was one of the two original divisions of Holt County. The township was reduced in size to its present limits by the organization of Hickory Township on June 17, 1874. In the early 1840s, the first ferry in Holt County was established, called Toole ferry and later Rapids ferry. The first bridge over the Nodaway River was built in Hickory Township in the mid-19th century.
Goran Topić
Goran Topić (Serbian Cyrillic: Горан Топић; born 3 May 1967) is a Serbian professional basketball coach and scout, who is an assistant coach of FMP of the ABA League and the Basketball League of Serbia.

Basketball League of Serbia
The Basketball League of Serbia (Serbian: Кошаркашка лига Србије, romanized: Košarkaška liga Srbije), commonly abbreviated as KLS, is a top-tier men's professional basketball league in Serbia. Founded in 2006. It is currently not run by the Basketball Federation of Serbia (KSS).
Child's Play 2
Child's Play 2 is a 1990 American supernatural slasher film written by Don Mancini and directed by John Lafia. It is a sequel to Child's Play (1988) and the second mainline installment in the Child's Play franchise. Alex Vincent and Brad Dourif reprised their roles while Christine Elise, Jenny Agutter, Gerrit Graham and Grace Zabriskie joined the cast. The film set two years after the first film; it follows Chucky continuing his pursuit for Andy Barclay, who was placed in foster care, and transferring his soul into him after being resurrected.

Child's Play 2 was released on November 9, 1990, by Universal Pictures, two years after the first film was released. The film received mixed reviews from critics and grossed over $35 million on a budget of $13 million. It was followed by a sequel, Child's Play 3, nine months later.

Brad Dourif
Bradford Claude Dourif (/ˈdɔːrɪf/; born March 18, 1950) is an American actor. He is known for his Academy Award-nominated role as Billy Bibbit in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975), portraying Gríma Wormtongue in The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002), and voicing Chucky in the Child's Play franchise (1988–present).

Brad Dourif's other film credits include Wise Blood (1979), Heaven's Gate (1980), Ragtime (1981), Dune (1984), Blue Velvet (1986), Mississippi Burning (1988), The Exorcist III (1990), Alien Resurrection (1997), Halloween (2007) and its 2009 sequel. He also appeared in many television series, notably Deadwood (2004–2006, 2019), for which he received Primetime Emmy Award and Satellite Award nominations for his portrayal of Amos "Doc" Cochran.
Lenzelle Smith Jr.
Lenzelle LaJuan Smith Jr. (born October 3, 1991) is an American professional basketball player for Proton Cable Prizreni of the Kosovo Basketball Superleague. Smith is known for being a consistent scorer in Europe. Standing at 1.94 m (6 ft 4 in), he plays the shooting guard and the small forward positions. After playing four years of college basketball at Ohio State Smith entered the 2014 NBA draft, but he was not selected in the draft's two rounds.

KB Prizreni
KB Prizreni, formerly KB Kalaja and Ponte Prizreni, also known as Proton Cable Prizreni due to sponsorship reason, is a professional basketball club based in Prizren, Kosovo. The club currently plays in the Kosovo Basketball Superleague.

The 2018–19 season was the club's first season in the Kosovo Superleague after year they got promoted. In 2021, the team won its first trophy when it won the Kosovo Supercup.
Marsha Campbell
Marsha Campbell (born February 13, 1946) is a former American Democratic politician who served in the Missouri House of Representatives.

Born in Princeton, New Jersey, she graduated from the University of Missouri with a bachelor's degree in business and public administration and the University of Missouri–Kansas City with a master's degree in political science.  She has worked as a government relations consultant, as a manager of administration for Jackson County, Missouri, and as a buyer for Macy's and Hallmark Cards.

While serving in the legislature, Marsha served on the following committees:  Education-Higher, Vice Chair; Appropriations-Social Services & Corrections, Member; Criminal Law, Member; Urban Affairs, Member; Ways & Means, Member; Joint Committee on Gaming and Wagering.

University of Missouri–Kansas City
The University of Missouri–Kansas City (UMKC or Kansas City) is a public research university in Kansas City, Missouri, United States. UMKC is part of the University of Missouri System and includes a medical school and a law school. For the 2023-2024 academic year, the university's enrollment was over 15,300 students. It is the largest university in the Kansas City metropolitan area and ranks among the top three by enrollment among all postsecondary institutions in the metro, including community colleges. It offers more than 125 degree programs over 12 academic units. UMKC now holds a Carnegie “R1: Very High Research Activity” designation, making it the only R1 university in Kansas City. UMKC is also home to the School of Dentistry, Missouri’s only public dental school.
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase
3′,5′-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterases (EC 3.1.4.17)  are a family of phosphodiesterases. Generally, these enzymes hydrolyze a nucleoside 3′,5′-cyclic phosphate to a nucleoside 5′-phosphate:

nucleoside 3′,5′-cyclic phosphate + H2O  = nucleoside 5′-phosphate

They thus control the cellular levels of the cyclic second messengers and the rates of their degradation.
Some examples of nucleoside 3′,5′-cyclic phosphate include:

3′,5′-cyclic AMP

3′,5′-cyclic dAMP

3′,5′-cyclic IMP

3′,5′-cyclic GMP

3′,5′-cyclic CMP

There are 11 distinct phosphodiesterase families (PDE1–PDE11) with a variety in isoforms and splicing having unique three-dimensional structure, kinetic properties, modes of regulation, intracellular localization, cellular expression, and inhibitor sensitivities.

Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a cyclic nucleotide derived from guanosine triphosphate (GTP). cGMP acts as a second messenger much like cyclic AMP.  Its most likely mechanism of action is activation of intracellular protein kinases in response to the binding of membrane-impermeable peptide hormones to the external cell surface. Through protein kinases activation, cGMP can relax smooth muscle. cGMP concentration in urine can be measured for kidney function and diabetes detection.
Rowena Davis
Rowena Geisreiter (née Davis; born 1964 or 1965) is a former New Zealand gymnast.

Davis represented her country at the 1978 Commonwealth Games in Edmonton, placing ninth in the women's individual all-around competition, and winning the bronze medal—alongside Lynette Brake, Kirsty Durward and Deborah Hurst—in the women's team all-around event. The following year, aged 14, Davis represented New Zealand at the world championships in Fort Worth, where her performance was good enough to earn selection in the New Zealand team for the 1980 Summer Olympics. However, she was unable to compete because of the partial boycott by New Zealand. Four years later, she qualified for the 1984 Summer Olympics, but was not included in the New Zealand team by the New Zealand Olympic and Commonwealth Games Association.

She lived in Dunedin, where she was a mountain biking coach and ran cycle skills programmes in local schools.

1980 Summer Olympics boycott
The United States led the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott to protest against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. More than 60 countries joined the boycott to varying degrees, affecting athletes, fans, and international relations. The absence of so many competitors changed the outcomes of some events, led to alternative competitions, and influenced the 1984 Olympics, which the Soviets later boycotted. The Soviet Union, which hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, and its satellite states later boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
2013 PDC Pro Tour
The 2013 PDC Pro Tour was a series of non-televised darts tournaments organised by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). They were the Professional Dart Players Association Players Championships, the UK Open Qualifiers, and the European Tour events. This year there were 32 PDC Pro Tour events – 16 Players Championships, 8 UK Open Qualifiers, and 8 European Tour events.

Darts
Darts is a competitive sport in which two or more players bare-handedly throw small sharp-pointed projectiles known as darts at a round target known as a dartboard.

Points can be scored by hitting specific marked areas of the board, though unlike in sports such as archery, these areas are distributed all across the board and do not follow a principle of points increasing toward the board's bullseye. Though a number of similar games using various boards and rules exist, the term "darts" usually now refers to a standardised game involving a specific board design and set of rules.

Darts is both a professional throwing sport and a traditional pub game.  Darts is commonly played in the British Isles, and recreationally loved around the world.
John Gregory (cricketer, born 1842)
John Constable Gregory (17 August 1842 – 28 June 1894) was an English first-class cricketer active 1865–71 who played for Middlesex and Surrey. He was born in Marylebone and died in Weymouth. He was a righthanded batsman and was the captain of Surrey in 1871. He played in 23 first-class matches.

Marylebone
Marylebone (usually /ˈmɑːrlɪbən/ MAR-lib-ən, also /ˈmærɪ(lə)bən/ MARR-il-ə-bən, MARR-ib-ən) is an area in London, England, and is located in the City of Westminster. It is in Central London and part of the West End. Oxford Street forms its southern boundary.

An ancient parish and latterly a metropolitan borough, it merged with the boroughs of Westminster and Paddington to form the new City of Westminster in 1965.

Marylebone station lies two miles north-west of Charing Cross.

The area is also served by numerous tube stations: Baker Street, Bond Street, Edgware Road (Bakerloo line), Edgware Road (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines), Great Portland Street, Marble Arch, Marylebone, Oxford Circus, and Regent's Park.
Conrad Langaard (tennis)
Conrad Langaard (6 August 1890 – 24 December 1950) was a Norwegian tennis player.

He was born in Kristiania as a son of merchant and factory owner Rasmus Agerup Langaard (1860–1908) and his wife Laura Nannestad Holmboe (b. 1869). His paternal grandfather was Conrad Langaard (1823–1897), founder of the company of the same name. As such, he was a grandnephew of Mads Langaard, a first cousin once removed of Christian Langaard, and a second cousin of Johan Henrik Langaard.

He represented the club Oslo TK. He participated at the Summer Olympics in 1912, 1920 and 1924. In 1912 he placed fifth in doubles, and in 1920 he placed fifth in doubles together with Jack Nielsen.

Tennis at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's doubles
The men's doubles was a tennis event held as part of the Tennis at the 1920 Summer Olympics programme. It was the sixth appearance of the event. A total of 44 players (22 pairs) from 11 nations competed in the event, which was held from 16 to 24 August 1920 at the Beerschot Tennis Club. Nations were limited to four pairs (eight players) each. The event was won by Noel Turnbull and Max Woosnam of Great Britain, defeating Seiichiro Kashio and Ichiya Kumagae of Japan in the final. It was Great Britain's third victory in the men's doubles, most of any nation. Japan's silver came in its debut in the event. France earned its second consecutive bronze medal as Pierre Albarran and Max Decugis had a walkover in what would have been an all-France bronze-medal match.
Lanzhou–Zhengzhou–Changsha pipeline
The Lanzhou–Zhengzhou–Changsha product oil pipeline is a pipeline carrying diesel and other oil products from the northwest to the central regions of China.  The 2,070-kilometre (1,290 mi) pipeline starts in Lanzhou in Gansu, and runs through Zhengzhou in Henan to Changsha in Hunan. In Zhengzhou, it is linked with Jinzhou–Zhengzhou product pipeline running from Jinzhou in Liaoning to Zhengzhou.

The pipeline project was approved in 2007. The 1,188-kilometre (738 mi) long Lanzhou–Zhengzhou segment started operating on 30 March 2009. The Zhengzhou–Changsha segment is expected to be completed by the end of June 2010. The pipeline has an annual transportation capacity of 15 million tonnes. It is operated by PetroChina.

Jinzhou
Jinzhou (/ˈdʒɪnˈdʒoʊ/, simplified Chinese: 锦州; traditional Chinese: 錦州; pinyin: Jǐnzhōu), formerly Chinchow, is a coastal prefecture-level city in central-west Liaoning province, China. It is a geographically strategic city located in the Liaoxi Corridor, which connects most of the land transports between North China and Northeast China, and is the economic center of western Liaoning.  Located on the northern shore of Liaodong Bay, Jinzhou encompasses a coastline of 97.7 km (60.7 mi), with the Port of Jinzhou being China's northernmost seaport.

It is the fifth-most populous city in Liaoning, with a population of 2,703,853 (2020 census), of whom 1,524,362 reside in the built-up (or metro) area encompassing the 3 urban urban districts and Linghai City largely being conurbated. The total area under the jurisdiction of Jinzhou is 9,989 square kilometers (3,857 sq mi), most of which is rural.
Fujifilm Instax Wide 300
The Fujifilm Instax Wide 300 is an analog instant camera from Fujifilm that uses Instax Wide instant film. It has a moderately wide-angle lens with some manually selectable fixed focus zones and a fixed aperture.

Instax
Instax (stylized as instax) is a brand of instant still cameras and instant films marketed by Fujifilm.

The first camera and accompanying film, the Instax Mini 10 and Instax Mini film, were released on November 10, 1998. The "Wide" film and first accompanying camera were released the following year. The Instax Square film and accompanying camera were released in 2017.

The formats of Instax film give an image size of 46 mm × 62 mm (1.8 in × 2.4 in) for the Mini, 99 mm × 62 mm (3.9 in × 2.4 in) for the Wide and 62 mm × 62 mm (2.4 in × 2.4 in) for the Square. The Instax colour film is available in Mini, Wide, and Square formats and the black and white Instax Monochrome is also available in Mini, Wide, and Square formats.

Other manufacturers also make compatible cameras and camera backs.