hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2010–11 Liga IV
The 2010–11 Liga IV was the fourth level of the Romanian football league system. It was disputed in each of the 41 counties of Romania and in the municipality of Bucharest. The winner of each series has to play a promotion play-off against a neighbouring county to gain promotion to Liga III.

Romanian football league system
The Romanian football league system, also known as the football pyramid, refers to the system in Romanian club football that consists of several football leagues bound together hierarchically by promotion and relegation. The first three leagues are organized at a national level and consist of fully professional teams. Lower divisions are organized at county levels, with each county's football association controlling its respective leagues.

Reserve teams play in the same league system as their parent clubs.
Richard L. Crowther
Richard Layton Crowther, FAIA, (December 16, 1910 – December 25, 2006) was an architect and author who achieved international renown for his progressive holistic compositions, particularly his pioneering designs employing passive solar energy.

Passive solar building design
In passive solar building design, windows, walls, and floors are made to collect, store, reflect, and distribute solar energy, in the form of heat in the winter and reject solar heat in the summer. This is called passive solar design because, unlike active solar heating systems, it does not involve the use of mechanical and electrical devices.

The key to designing a passive solar building is to best take advantage of the local climate performing an accurate site analysis. Elements to be considered include window placement and size, and glazing type, thermal insulation, thermal mass, and shading. Passive solar design techniques can be applied most easily to new buildings, but existing buildings can be adapted or "retrofitted".
Liv Løberg
Liv Løberg (born 28 May 1949; former names Liv Else Lindeløf and Liv Ranes-Kendall) is a Norwegian practical nurse, a former politician for the Progress Party and a convicted felon. Her name came to mass media attention in Norway in June 2010 when it was revealed that she had forged her CV, this being accentuated by the fact that she was an office manager working at the Norwegian Registration Authority for Health Personnel (SAFH). On 24 April 2012, she was convicted of fraud and sentenced to 14 months in prison.

Verdens Gang
Verdens Gang (lit. 'The course of the world'), generally known under the abbreviation VG, is a Norwegian tabloid newspaper. In 2016, circulation numbers stood at 93,883, declining from a peak circulation of 390,510 in 2002. Nevertheless, VG is the most-read online newspaper in Norway, with about 2 million daily readers.

Verdens Gang AS is a private company wholly owned by the public company Schibsted ASA.
George Tucker Stainback
George Tucker Stainback (April 4, 1829 in Brunswick County, Virginia – June 28, 1902 at Dyersburg, Tennessee) was an American classicist and Presbyterian minister; he served as a chaplain in the Confederate Army, and in 1877 presided over the funeral of Confederate general Nathan Bedford Forrest.

Brunswick County, Virginia
Brunswick County is a United States county located on the southern border of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Brunswick County was created in 1720 from parts of Prince George, Surry and Isle of Wight counties. The county was named for the former Duchy of Brunswick-Lunenburg, the ancestral home of the British monarchs of the House of Hanover.

As of the 2020 census, the population of Brunswick county was 15,849. The county has a total area of 569 square miles, and the  county seat is Lawrenceville.  Known for its rural character, the county is one of the claimants to be the namesake of Brunswick stew, a popular Southern dish.
2003–04 Eerste Klasse
2003–04 Eerste Klasse was a Dutch association football season of the Eerste Klasse.

Saturday champions were:

A: RKAV Volendam

B: BVV Barendrecht

C: Kozakken Boys

D: Excelsior '31

E: ONS Sneek

Sunday champions were:

A: DWV

B: UVS Leiden

C: VV Geldrop

D: EVV Echt

E: VV Germania

F: WKE '16

RKVV EVV
EVV Echt, an abbreviation for Echter Voetbal Vereniging Echt, is an association football club from Echt-Susteren, Netherlands. Its colours are blue and white.

The club was founded on 26 June 1926 and plays in the Vierde Divisie; the fifth tier of the Dutch football pyramid. They were one of the teams to participate in the first season of the newly established Topklasse league in 2010–11.
Shipwrights Way
Shipwrights Way, so called because it traces in a fanciful way the route that might have been taken by timber  from forest to warship, is a 50-mile long-distance footpath through Hampshire, England from Alice Holt Forest to 
Portsmouth: it passes through Bordon, Liphook, Liss, Petersfield, Queen Elizabeth Country Park, Staunton Country Park, Havant and Hayling Island en route.

Petersfield
Petersfield is a market town and civil parish in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. It is 15 miles (24 km) north of Portsmouth. The town has its own railway station on the Portsmouth Direct line, the mainline rail link connecting Portsmouth and London. Situated below the northern slopes of the South Downs, Petersfield lies wholly within the South Downs National Park.

The town is on the crossroads of well-used north–south (formerly the A3 road which now bypasses the town) and east–west routes (today the A272 road) and it grew as a coach stop on the Portsmouth to London route. Petersfield is twinned with Barentin in France, and Warendorf in Germany.
MockServer
MockServer is an open source mocking framework for HTTP and HTTPS released under the Apache License.  MockServer is designed to simplify integration testing, by mocking HTTP and HTTPS system such as a web service or web site, and to decouple development teams, by allowing a team to develop against a service that is not complete or is unstable.

JUnit
JUnit is a test automation framework for the Java programming language. JUnit is often used for unit testing, and is one of the xUnit frameworks.

JUnit is linked as a JAR at compile-time. The latest version of the framework, JUnit 6, resides under package org.junit.jupiter. Previous versions JUnit 4 and JUnit 3 were under packages org.junit and junit.framework, respectively.

A research survey performed in 2013 across 10,000 Java projects hosted on GitHub found that JUnit (in a tie with slf4j-api) was the most commonly included external library. Each library was used by 30.7% of projects.
Freemasonry in North Macedonia
Freemasonry in North Macedonia (Macedonian: Слободно ѕидарство во Северна Македонија, romanized: Slobodno dzidarstvo vo Severna Makedonija) re-emerged in the 1990s, after the collapse of communism in South Eastern Europe.

Today, there are five bodies of Freemasonry represented in North Macedonia:

Grand Lodge of Macedonia (in amity with UGLE)

Grand Orient de France in North Macedonia, Lodge "Вистина - La Vérité" (under GODF)

Grand Lodge Makedon

Grand Lodge of Freemasonry for Men and Women in North Macedonia (Co-Freemasonry)

Regular Grand Lodge of Macedonia (independent)

Co-Freemasonry
Co-Freemasonry (or Co-Masonry) is a form of Freemasonry which admits both men and women. The first known co-masonic lodge was created 24 December 1784 as the mother lodge La Sagesse Triomphante in Lyon, France by Alessandro Cagliostro. Cagliostro formed this lodge with his wife and a few other couples. 
Later in France during the 1890s, Le Droit Humain formed,  and is now an international movement represented by several Co-Freemasonic administrations throughout the world. Traditional male-only Masonic Lodges do not recognise Co-Freemasonry, holding it to be irregular.
1908 St George state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of St George on 20 May 1908. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of  former Premier Joseph Carruthers (Liberal Reform).

Joseph Carruthers
Sir Joseph Hector McNeil Carruthers KCMG (21 December 1857 – 10 December 1932) was an Australian politician who served as Premier of New South Wales from 1904 to 1907.

Carruthers is perhaps best remembered for founding the Liberal and Reform Association, the forerunner to the modern Liberal Party of Australia (New South Wales Division). Zachary Gorman has argued that Carruthers played a central role in re-orientating Australian liberalism to sit on the centre-right of the political divide, influencing political developments at both the Federal and State level. According to Percival Serle, few premiers of New South Wales succeeded in doing so much distinguished work. Early in his career, Henry Parkes, recognized Carruthers' untiring energy and ability, acknowledged that if Carruthers' comparatively frail body had allowed him, he might have done even more remarkable work for his own state or for the Commonwealth.
Dlouhý
Dlouhý (feminine: Dlouhá) is a Czech surname, meaning 'long'. It was created based on the appearance of the bearer of the name. Notable people with the surname include:

Adam Dlouhý (born 1994), Czech ice hockey player

Bedřich Dlouhý (1932–2025), Czech painter and academic

Lukáš Dlouhý (born 1983), Czech tennis player

Oliver Dlouhý (born 1988), Czech businessman

Radek Dlouhý (born 1982), Czech ice hockey player

Vladimír Dlouhý (actor) (1958–2010), Czech actor

Vladimír Dlouhý (politician) (born 1953), Czech politician

Radek Dlouhý
Radek Dlouhý (born 13 January 1982, in Prague) is a former Czech professional ice hockey player who played in the Czech Extraliga (ELH).

Dlouhý previously played for HC Slavia Praha, KLH Chomutov, HC Rebel Havlíčkův Brod, SK Kadaň, and HC Kometa Brno.
Artabri
According to Strabo, the Artabri (or Arrotrebae) were an ancient Gallaeci tribe, Celts living in the extreme north-west of the Iberian Peninsula, now the region of Galicia, Spain, about Cape Nerium (Cabo Prior), outskirts of today's city of Ferrol, where in Roman times, in the 1st century BC, a fishing port existed which also traded in metals (silver, gold, tin and iron ) as well as wild horses and most likely administered from nearby Nerium (Modern day Narahio famous for its medieval castle and cape Nerium modern day Cape Prior) in an area dominated by the Artabri) giving name to the Portus Magnus Artabrorum (Form not just by the bay of Ferrol but the three rias of Ferrol, Betanzos and Corunna). Strabo reports several seaports among the Artabri. Ptolemy  places them among Galaeci Lucenses and gives their capital town as Lucus Augusti (now Lugo).

Ria
A ria (/ˈriːə/; Galician: ría, feminine noun derived from río, 'river') is a coastal inlet formed by the partial submergence of an unglaciated river valley. It is a drowned river valley that remains open to the sea.
Ley baronets
There have been two baronetcies created for persons with the surname Ley, one in the Baronetage of England and one in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom.

Ley baronets of Westbury (1619): see Earl of Marlborough

Ley baronets of Epperstone Manor (1905)

Ley baronets of Epperstone Manor (1905)
The Ley baronetcy, of Epperstone Manor in the parish of Epperstone in the County of Nottingham, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 27 December 1905 for the industrialist and promoter of sports Francis Ley. He was the founder of Ley's Malleable Castings Vulcan Ironworks in Derby and also served as High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire in 1905. The family surname is pronounced "Lee".
2011 Copa del Sol
The 2011 Copa del Sol took place in Elche and La Manga, Spain between January 27 and February 7, 2011. The competition was played at La Manga Stadium and Estadio Martínez Valero along with various smaller training pitches for "loser games". Unlike the first edition of the tournament the format of the competition was played as a knockout tournament. The winner of the tournament was awarded €40,000 FC Karpaty Lviv won the tournament after beating FC Shakhtar Donetsk with 1–0 in the final.

Estadio Martínez Valero
The Estadio Martínez Valero is a stadium located in the Spanish city of Elche in the province of Alicante, Valencian Community. It is the home stadium of Elche CF, a team that is currently playing in Primera División, LaLiga. Its name pays tribute to the late president of the club, Manuel Martínez Valero. It hosted the largest rout in the finals of a World Cup and hosted the final of the Copa del Rey in 2003. The Spanish football team has played several friendly matches and competitive qualifiers there. The stadium has the largest field dimensions in Europe.

With a capacity of 31,388 seats, Martínez Valero is the 15th-largest stadium in Spain and the 2nd-largest in the Valencian community.
Koubi
Koubi is a village and seat of the commune of Ouro Guiré in the Cercle of Ténenkou in the Mopti Region of southern-central Mali. The village lies on the north (left) bank of the Diaka, a branch of the Niger River that flows only when the river is in flood. Opposite Koubi, on the right bank, is the village of Sanga.

In May 1609 an army of the Pashalik of Timbuktu led by Qa'id Ahmad b. Yusuf was besieged in Koubi by the forces of the Songhai rump state in Dendi. The Pashalik was able to successfully relieve the town, but the Songhai commander, Dendi-fari Baru, caught a part of the relief force and defeated them near Lake Debo before returning to Dendi.

Dendi (province)
The Dendi (or Dandi, Dendiganda) was a former province of the Songhai Empire. It survived the fall of the Empire as a kingdom until 1901, when it was conquered by France and incorporated into French West Africa. Its centers today are the cities of Gaya in Niger, Kamba in Nigeria and Malanville in Benin.
Ján Koehler
Ján Koehler (died 28 June 1895) was a Polish operatic baritone. Born in Lviv, he studied singing in his native city and in Vienna. He made his professional debut in Lviv in 1845 as Raimunds in Conradin Kreutzer's Der Verschwender. From 1857 to 1872 he was a leading artist at the Teatr Wielki, Warsaw where he notably created the role of Maciej in the world premiere of Stanisław Moniuszko's The Haunted Manor.

He retired from the stage in 1885 and lived in retirement in Lviv until his death there 10 years later.

Conradin Kreutzer
Conradin Kreutzer or Kreuzer (22 November 1780 – 14 December 1849) was a German composer and conductor. His works include the operas Das Nachtlager in Granada and incidental music to Der Verschwender , both produced in 1834 in Vienna.
Uruguayan intrastate war
The Uruguayan intrastate war (Spanish: Guerra Interna) was a short military conflict in which the Uruguayan Government carried out a general crackdown on left-wing guerrillas through the implementation of martial law. The Intrastate War was declared by the Uruguayan Parliament on 15 April 1972.

Raúl Sendic
Raúl Sendic Antonaccio (March 16, 1926 – April 28, 1989) was a Uruguayan lawyer, trade unionist and founder of the National Liberation Movement – Tupamaros (MLN–T). After beginning his legal career organising agricultural workers and agitating for land reform, he moved into militant activism and established the MLN–T to carry out urban guerrilla warfare against the Uruguayan state. He was arrested and imprisoned by the civic-military dictatorship of Uruguay, only being released after the transition to democracy. As the Tupamaros shifted once more to legal, political activities, Sendic died from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Adriana Dávila Fernández
Adriana Dávila Fernández (born 30 December 1970) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PAN. She currently serves as Senator of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Tlaxcala. She also served as Deputy during the LX Legislature.

LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXII Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 62nd session of the Congress of Mexico, met from September 1, 2012, to August 31, 2015. It consisted of Senators and Deputies in their respective chambers. All members of both the lower and upper houses of the Congress were elected in the elections of July 2012.

Senators were elected for a six-year term during the 2012 elections, allowing them to serve in both the LXII and subsequent legislatures. Deputies, also elected in the 2012 elections, served exclusively during the LXII Legislature.

The composition of the LXII Legislature was as follows:
United Kingdom Carrier Strike Group 21
The United Kingdom Carrier Strike Group 21 (CSG21) was a British-led naval force that was deployed on Operation Fortis from May to December 2021. The Carrier Strike Group is seen as the beginning of the British Government's tilt towards the Indo-Pacific region in terms of defence and foreign policy, that had been announced in March through the Integrated Review. It was the first strike group deployment for the Queen Elizabeth-class aircraft carriers, and the first operational deployment of the UK Carrier Strike Group since 2011.  The deployment was the largest single deployment of F-35 fighter aircraft since the programme started in 2006, and the largest fifth-generation fighter carrier air wing in the world at the time. Furthermore, HMS Queen Elizabeth saw the largest number of personnel embarked since she entered service, and the group contained the largest number of Royal Navy maritime helicopters deployed in over 10 years.

RAF Marham
RAF Marham (IATA: KNF, ICAO: EGYM) is a Royal Air Force station near the village of Marham in the county of Norfolk, East Anglia, south of King's Lynn and Boston, west of Norwich.

It is home to No. 138 Expeditionary Air Wing (138 EAW) and, as such, is one of the RAF's 'main operating bases' (MOB).  Since 6 June 2018, it has been home to the fifth generation Lockheed Martin F-35B Lightning operated by No. 617 (Dambusters) Squadron.  No. 207 Squadron, becoming the second Lightning squadron to be based at RAF Marham when it reformed on 1 August 2019 as the F-35 operational conversion unit (OCU).
Agricultural extension
Agricultural extension is the application of scientific research and new knowledge to agricultural practices through farmer education. The field of 'extension' now encompasses a wider range of communication and learning activities organized for rural people by educators from different disciplines, including agriculture, agricultural marketing, health, and business studies.

Extension practitioners can be found throughout the world, usually working for government agencies. They are represented by several professional organizations, networks and extension journals.

Agricultural extension agencies in developing countries receive large amounts of support from international development organizations such as the World Bank and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Business studies
Business studies, often simply called business, is a field of study that deals with the principles of business, management, and economics. It combines elements of accountancy, finance, marketing, organizational studies, human resource management, and operations. Business studies is a broad subject, where the range of topics is designed to give the student a general overview of the various elements of running a business. The teaching of business studies is known as business education.

Countries in which the subject is taught under the name "business studies" include Mauritius, Oman, Bahrain, South Korea, Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Nepal, Brazil, Canada, Hong Kong, India, Ireland, Mexico, Singapore,  Malaysia, Cambodia, Kenya, Poland, Malta, New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Namibia, Zimbabwe and Indonesia.
Kho kho in India
Kho kho is a popular traditional Indian game that is a variation of tag. Within India, it is played between states in the National Games of India and Khelo India and between franchise teams in the Ultimate Kho Kho league, which has the backing of the Kho Kho Federation of India (KKFI). At the international level, India plays kho kho in the South Asian Games and the Kho Kho World Cup.

Traditional games of India
India has several traditional games and sports, some of which have been played for thousands of years. Their popularity has greatly declined in the modern era, with Western sports having overtaken them during the British Raj, and the Indian government now making some efforts to revive them. Many of these games do not require much equipment or playing space. Some of them are only played in certain regions of India, or may be known by different names and played under different rules and regulations in different regions of the country.
97th Flying Training Squadron
The 97th Flying Training Squadron is part of the 340th Flying Training Group and is the Reserve associate to the 80th Flying Training Wing based at Sheppard Air Force Base, Texas.

The 97th flew combat in the European Theater of Operations and the Mediterranean Theater of Operations between 25 December 1942 and 3 May 1945.
It flew fighter escort and air defense from, 1947–1949 and air defense from, 1951–1957.

The squadron was redesignated as the 97th Flying Training Squadron and trained USAF pilots to fly supersonic jet aircraft from 1973 to 1993.  Since 1998 it has trained fighter pilots for the United States as well as America's European and NATO allies.

Eastern Air Defense Force
The Eastern Air Defense Force (EADF) is an inactive United States Air Force organization.  Its last assignment was with Air Defense Command being stationed at Stewart Air Force Base, New York. It was inactivated on 1 July 1960.
Gcabashe
Gcabashe is a surname occurring in South Africa. Notable people with the surname include:

Lungi Gcabashe (1960–2025), South African politician from KwaZulu-Natal

Sipho Gcabashe, South African politician and businessman from KwaZulu-Natal

Sipho Gcabashe
Sipho Joseph Gcabashe is a South African politician and businessman who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Legislature until 2019, when he failed to gain re-election. He was also Provincial Secretary of the ANC's KwaZulu-Natal branch from 1996 to 2005.
Ex-Wife (Ursula Parrott)
Ex-Wife is a 1929 novel written by Ursula Parrott and reissued by McNally Editions in 2023 with an afterword by Marc Parrott, the author's son, and a foreword by Alissa Bennett, a writer for the Paris Review.

McNally Jackson
McNally Jackson Books is an independent bookstore in New York City owned and operated since 2004 by Sarah McNally. The company operates five stores across the city in Soho, Rockefeller Center, Seaport, Downtown Brooklyn, and Williamsburg, as well as three stationery stores called Goods for the Study. McNally Jackson's publishing arm is McNally Editions, devoted to rediscovering unduly neglected books. In 2025, New York magazine called McNally Jackson "likely the third-largest buyer of books in the city, after only Barnes & Noble and the Strand."
George Garrett (MP)
Sir George Garrett (died 30 November 1648) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons  in 1640.

Garrett was secretary to Miles Fleetwood.  In April 1640, he was elected Member of Parliament for Hindon in the Short Parliament.

Garrett was a member of the Worshipful Company of Drapers. He was elected Alderman of the City of London for Castle Baynard ward on 15 April 1641. He was Sheriff of London  and Master of the Drapers Company from 1641 to 1642. He was knighted on 3 December 1641.

Hindon (UK Parliament constituency)
Hindon was a parliamentary borough consisting of the village of Hindon in Wiltshire, which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1448 until the borough was abolished by the Reform Act 1832. It was one of the most notoriously corrupt of the rotten boroughs, and bills to disfranchise Hindon were debated in Parliament on two occasions before its eventual abolition.