hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Púchov culture
The Púchov culture is an archaeological culture named after site of Púchov-Skalka in Slovakia. It was most likely founded by the Celtic Cotini and/or Anartes tribes. Púchov culture is primarily evidenced in northern and central Slovakia, though it may have spread to surrounding areas, during the 2nd century BCE and the 1st century CE.

Archaeological culture
An archaeological culture is a recurring assemblage of types of artifacts, buildings and monuments from a specific period and region that may constitute the material culture remains of a particular past human society. The connection between these types is an empirical observation. Their interpretation in terms of ethnic or political groups is based on archaeologists' understanding. However, this is often subject to long-unresolved debates. The concept of the archaeological culture is fundamental to culture-historical archaeology.
Finding Samuel Lowe: From Harlem to China
Finding Samuel Lowe: From Harlem to China, is a 2015 Jamaican documentary film directed and produced by Jeanette Kong. The film revolves around the a former television executive, Paula Williams Madison and her two older brothers; Elrick and Howard Williams go on a search to find out what happened to their Chinese maternal grandfather Samuel Lowe, who left their Chinese-Jamaican mother Nell Vera Lowe Williams, in the 1930s in Jamaica. Nell travelled to the United States from Jamaica in 1945.

The film received positive reviews and won several awards at international film festivals. Its national premiere was on May 14, 2017 World Channel’s Doc World and was streamed online for free from May 15–June 13, 2017. The film had its screening on 8 February 2014 at Pan African Film Festival.

Pan African Film Festival
Pan African Film Festival (PAFF) is a non-profit corporation in Los Angeles, California, United States, that states its goal is to promote "cultural understanding among peoples of African descent" through exhibiting art and film. It hosts anOscar-qualifying film festival and an arts festival in Los Angeles in February of each year. The Los Angeles Times in 2013 called the film festival "the largest black film festival" in the United States.
Fiesta Nacional de la Danza
The Fiesta Nacional de la Danza (English: National Danza Festival), also known as Semana de la Danza Puertorriqueña (English: Puerto Rican Danza Week), is a cultural celebration that takes place every year in Ponce, Puerto Rico. The festival centers on the danza, a musical genre native from the city of Ponce and oftentimes called "Puerto Rico's classical music" with rhythm, tune, and cadence that are similar to the waltz. The celebration lasts a week and takes place in mid-May. It is sponsored by the Ponce Municipal Government and the Institute of Puerto Rican Culture.

Juan Morel Campos
Juan Morel Campos (16 May 1857 – 12 May 1896), sometimes erroneously spelled Juan Morell Campos, was a Puerto Rican composer, considered by many to be responsible for taking the genre of danza to its highest level. He composed over 550 musical works before he died unexpectedly at age 38.
Adaptive replacement cache
Adaptive Replacement Cache (ARC) is a page replacement algorithm with 
better performance than LRU (least recently used). This is accomplished by keeping track of both frequently used and recently used pages plus a recent eviction history for both. The algorithm was developed at the IBM Almaden Research Center. In 2006, IBM was granted a patent for the adaptive replacement cache policy.

IBM Research
IBM Research is the research and development division for IBM, an American multinational information technology company. IBM Research is headquartered at the Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York, near IBM headquarters in Armonk, New York. It is the largest industrial research organization in the world with operations in over 170 countries and twelve laboratories on six continents.

IBM employees have garnered six Nobel Prizes, six Turing Awards, 20 inductees into the U.S. National Inventors Hall of Fame, 19 National Medals of Technology, five National Medals of Science and three Kavli Prizes. As of 2018, the company had generated more patents than any other business in each of 25 consecutive years.
Domaine du roy
The Domaine du roy ("King's Domain") was a vast region of New France extending north from the shore of the Saint Lawrence River between the seigneurie of Les Éboulements (near the City of Quebec) and Cape Cormorant (near the present-day town Lourdes) towards the Hudson Bay watershed, an area claimed by Great Britain as Rupert's Land, the territory covered an area of 460,000 km2.

Established in 1652, the Domaine du roy was renamed "King's Domain" after the French and Indian War. A present-day regional county municipality in the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec also inherited the name Le Domaine-du-Roy.

Cape cormorant
The Cape cormorant (Phalacrocorax capensis), also known as the Cape shag, is a member of the cormorant family. It is endemic to the southwestern coast of Africa, and classified as "Endangered" by the IUCN.  The Cape cormorant is most closely related to the great cormorant and Japanese cormorant.
Once in Every Lifetime
Once in Every Lifetime is a novel by the Scottish writer Tom Hanlin first published in 1945.

This debut novel by a then unknown Scottish miner sold 250,000 copies in the United Kingdom in the first three weeks of publication. It also won the £500 first prize in the Big Ben Books Competition, and was translated into more than a dozen languages.

The novel was serialized in Woman's Home Companion, and a radio version was later broadcast on BBC Radio. Norman Collins, writing in the Observer, wrote that "his novel is an idyll of young love that somehow became sour and unlovely amid the grim landscape of the pitheads.  It is brief, moving in places, almost unbearably so, and often beautiful.  In short Mr. Hanlin is a remarkable fellow." John Steinbeck also spoke enthusiastically of the author, declaring the book "excellent."

Woman's Home Companion
Woman's Home Companion was an American monthly magazine, published from 1873 to 1957. It was highly successful, climbing to a circulation peak of more than four million during the 1930s and 1940s. The magazine, headquartered in Springfield, Ohio, was discontinued in 1957.

Among the contributors to the magazine were editor Gene Gauntier, and authors Temple Bailey, Ellis Parker Butler, Rachel Carson, Arthur Guiterman, Patricia Highsmith, Shirley Jackson, Anita Loos, Neysa McMein, Kathleen Norris, Sylvia Schur, John Steinbeck, Willa Cather, Frank Albert Waugh and P. G. Wodehouse. Notable illustrators included Rolf Armstrong, Władysław T. Benda, Elizabeth Shippen Green, Bessie Pease Gutmann, Rico Lebrun, Neysa McMein, Violet Oakley, Herbert Paus, May Wilson Preston, Olive Rush, Arthur Sarnoff and Frederic Dorr Steele.
Osman Şirin
Osman Şirin (born November 5, 1943, in Vakfıkebir, Trabzon Province), is a high-ranked Turkish judge. He was a member of the Turkish Court of Cassation from 1991 to 2008, from 2004 as Deputy First President. On 5 November 2008, he retired from the Court.

Court of Cassation (Turkey)
The Court of Cassation, officially called the Supreme Court of Appeals of the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Yargıtay Başkanlığı – Yargıtay for short), is the last instance for reviewing verdicts given by courts of criminal and civil justice in Turkey.
Geniscus
Geniscus (/ɡɛˈniːs.kʊs/) is a deity who appears in a sermon of Saint Eligius along with Neptune, Orcus, Minerva and Diana.  These are all, the Christian homilist says, "demons" who should not be believed in or invoked. The warning implies cult activity for these deities in the northern parts of Merovingian Gaul into the 7th century.

Geniscus may be a form of reference to the Genius, the Roman tutelary deity; in Gaul, the Genius is often hooded (Genius Cucullatus) and appears either singly or in a group of three.

In another sermon in the same period, the Geniscus appears in the company of witches (striae) and other entities in whom "rustics" believe:

There are some country people (rustici homines) who have a belief in certain women, because it is commonly said that they must be witches and able to harm infants and cattle, and the Dusiolus or Aquatiquus or Geniscus must too.

Homiletics
In religious studies, homiletics (Ancient Greek: ὁμιλητικός homilētikós, from homilos, "assembled crowd, throng") is the application of the general principles of rhetoric to the specific art of public preaching. One who practices or studies homiletics may be called a homilist, or more simply, a preacher.
Pixiv
Pixiv is a Japanese online community for artists. It was first launched as a beta test on September 10, 2007, by Takahiro Kamitani and Takanori Katagiri. Pixiv Inc. is headquartered in Sendagaya, Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan. As of January 2024, the site consists of over 100 million members, over 115 million illustration and manga and over 21 million novel works posted. Pixiv aims to provide a place for artists to exhibit their illustrations and get feedback via a rating system and user comments. Works are organized in an extensive tag structure which forms the backbone of the website.

Tag cloud
A tag cloud (also known as a word cloud or weighted list in visual design) is a visual representation of text data which is often used to depict keyword metadata on websites, or to visualize free form text. Tags are usually single words, and the importance of each tag is shown with font size or color. When used as website navigation aids, the terms are hyperlinked to items associated with the tag.
Capital (British TV series)
Capital is a British television adaptation of John Lanchester's novel Capital. It was originally broadcast as three one hour episodes and was later recut to four 45 minute episodes by Netflix. The series was written by Peter Bowker, directed by Euros Lyn and produced by Matt Strevens for Kudos Film & Television Company. The story centres on the residents of a road in South London as the value of each house in the street is approaching £3 million. They all begin to receive repeated postcards with the message "We want what you have". The first episode was broadcast on BBC One on 24 November 2015.

South London
South London is the southern part of London, England, mostly south of the River Thames. The region consists of the boroughs, in whole or in part, of Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Richmond, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth.

South London originally emerged from Southwark, first recorded as Suthriganaweorc, meaning 'fort of the men of Surrey'. From Southwark, London then extended further down into northern Surrey and western Kent.
Varosh, Ferizaj
Varosh is a village in Ferizaj Municipality, Kosovo. According to the Kosovo Agency of Statistics (KAS) from the 2024 census, there were 1,941 people residing in Varosh, with Albanians constituting the majority of the population.

Kosovo Agency of Statistics
The Kosovo Agency of Statistics (Albanian: Agjencia e Statistikave të Kosovës, ASK; Serbian: Agencija za statistiku Kosova) is the national statistics bureau of Kosovo.

It was officially established in 1948, but restarted working as an independent agency in 1999. After Kosovo's declaration of independence in 2008, the ACK organized Kosovo's first population census in 2011. It is supported by international organizations and statistic agencies, like the OSCE, United Nations, etc. As of 2011, the bureau works within the Kosovo Prime Ministry framework.

The last census organized by Kosovo Agency of Statistics took place during April and May of 2024.
Bahmanagān
Bahmanagān (Persian: بهمنگان) or BAHMANJANA (Arabicized form of Middle Persian Bahmanagān; forms such as Bahmaṇča (Persian: بهمنجه) or Bahmaṇčena are also found) was a Zoroastrian Iranian festival which was maintained until the Mongol invasion by Iranian Muslims. It takes place on the 2nd day of Bahman.

Middle Persian
Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg  (Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪, Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐‎, Avestan script: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire. For some time after the Sasanian collapse, Middle Persian continued to function as a prestige language. It descended from Old Persian, the language of the Achaemenid Empire and is the linguistic ancestor of Modern Persian, the official language of Iran (also known as Persia), Afghanistan (Dari) and Tajikistan (Tajik).
Ian Vougioukas
Ian Vougioukas (alternate spelling: Ian Vouyoukas) (Greek: Ίαν Βουγιούκας; born May 31, 1985) is a Greek former professional basketball player. Standing at 2.11 m (6 ft 11 in), he plays at the center position. He played college basketball in the United States, for Saint Louis University.

Greek Basketball Cup
The Greek Basketball Cup or Hellenic Basketball Cup (also stylized as Basket Cup; Greek: Κύπελλο Ελλάδος καλαθοσφαίρισης ανδρών) is the top-tier level annual professional basketball national cup competition in Greece. It is organized by the Hellenic Basketball Federation (E.O.K.).
Vendel, Ille-et-Vilaine
Vendel (French pronunciation: [vɑ̃dɛl]; Breton: Gwennel; Gallo: Vandèu) is a former commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department in Brittany in northwestern France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Rives-du-Couesnon.

Ille-et-Vilaine
Ille-et-Vilaine (French: [il e vilɛn] ⓘ; Gallo: Ill-e-Vilaenn; Breton: Il-ha-Gwilen) is a department of France, located in the region of Brittany in the northwest of the country. It is named after its two main rivers, the Ille and the Vilaine. It had a population of 1,079,498 in 2019.
Frequency-change signaling
In telecommunications, frequency-change signaling is a  telegraph signaling method in which one or more particular frequencies correspond to each desired signaling condition of a telegraph code.  The transition from one set of frequencies to the other may be a continuous or a discontinuous change in the frequency or phase.

Signaling (telecommunications)
In telecommunications, signaling is the use of signals for controlling communications. This may constitute an information exchange concerning the establishment and control of a telecommunication circuit and the management of the network.
KOffice
KOffice was a free and open source office and graphics suite developed by KDE for Unix-like and Windows systems. KOffice contains a word processor (KWord), a spreadsheet (KSpread), a presentation program (KPresenter), and a number of other components that varied over the course of its development.

KOffice was superseded by Calligra Suite in KDE. The KDE3 version is maintained by the Trinity Desktop project.

After development began in 1997, two major stable releases of KOffice were published: Version 1.0 in 2000 and 2.0 in 2009. Following internal conflicts, the majority of KOffice developers split off in 2010 – resulting in the creation of Calligra Suite. Two years later, in September 2012, the KOffice.org website went offline. It now redirects to Calligra.org.

Word processor
A word processor (WP) is a device or computer program that provides for input, editing, formatting, and output of text, often with some additional features.

Early word processors were stand-alone devices dedicated to the function, but current word processors are primarily word processor programs running on general purpose computers, including smartphones, tablets, laptops, and desktop computers, with dedicated hardware word processors being confined to a small niche market.

The functions of a word processor program are typically between those of a simple text editor and a desktop publishing program. Many word processing programs have gained advanced features over time providing similar functionality to desktop publishing programs.

Common word processor programs include LibreOffice Writer, Google Docs and Microsoft Word.
Premas Rang Yave
Premas Rang Yave (transl. Love should be colored) is an Indian Marathi language drama series starred Amita Kulkarni and Rohit Shivalkar in lead roles. It premiered on Sun Marathi from 20 February 2023 to 9 March 2025. It is an official remake of Sun TV series Anandha Ragam. In January 2024, Amita Kulkarni was replaced by Amruta Phadke as Akshara.

Sun TV (India)
Sun TV is an Indian Tamil-language general entertainment pay television channel owned by Sun TV Network. It was launched on 14 April 1993. It is the flagship channel of the Chennai-based media conglomerate Sun Group's Sun TV Network. It was founded and is owned by Kalanithi Maran.

It started airing on open network (Antenna) on 14 July 2002 at the time of "Majunu" Tamil movie premiering. Then it was removed from this open network on 2005. It was also removed from free on 9 November 2007. Sun TV launched its HD version on 11 December 2011.

Since its inception, the channel consistently remains the top rated Tamil channel and one of the top rated Indian television channel.

On 2 October 2025, the entire Sun TV network, including Sun TV itself, has officially renewed their channel logo for the first time in over three decades of operations. The new logo was later appeared on 1 February 2026.
1992 Maryland Question 6
Question 6 was a voter referendum to allow voters to approve or reject a law passed by the Maryland General Assembly in 1991 to codify the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Roe v. Wade. The referendum was approved by 61.7% of voters on November 3, 1992.

Maryland General Assembly
The Maryland General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maryland that convenes within the State House in Annapolis. It is a bicameral body: the upper chamber, the Maryland Senate, has 47 representatives, and the lower chamber, the Maryland House of Delegates, has 141 representatives. Members of both houses serve four-year terms. Each house elects its own officers, judges the qualifications and election of its own members, establishes rules for the conduct of its business, and may punish or expel its own members.

The General Assembly convenes its legislative session for 90 days each year to act on more than 2,300 bills including the state's annual budget, which it must pass before adjourning sine die. The General Assembly's 446th session convened on January 10, 2024.
Eye of the Widow
Eye of the Widow (French: SAS : L'Œil de la veuve) is a 1991 action film directed by Andrew V. McLaglen, the last of his career. It was released in France on October 17, 1991, and in the Philippines on October 14, 1992.

Paul L. Smith
Paul Lawrence Smith (June 24, 1936 – April 25, 2012) was an American actor. Burly, bearded and imposing, he appeared in feature films and occasionally on television since the 1960s, generally playing "heavies" and bad guys. His most notable roles include Hamidou, the vicious prison guard in Midnight Express (1978), Bluto in Robert Altman's Popeye (1980), Gideon in the ABC miniseries Masada (1981), Glossu "Beast" Rabban in David Lynch's Dune (1984) and Falkon in Red Sonja (1985). He was most frequently credited as Paul Smith or Paul L. Smith, but was also billed as P. L. Smith and Paul Lawrence Smith.
Hilt's law
Hilt's law is a geological law that states the deeper the coal, the higher its  rank (grade).  The law holds true if the thermal gradient is entirely vertical, but metamorphism may cause lateral changes of rank, irrespective of depth.  Increasing depth of burial results in a decrease in the oxygen content of the coals.  The phenomenon was observed by professor Carl Hilt (1873).

Temperature gradient
A temperature gradient is a physical quantity that describes in which direction and at what rate the temperature changes the most rapidly around a particular location. The temperature spatial gradient is a vector quantity with dimension of temperature difference per unit length. The SI unit is kelvin per meter (K/m).

Temperature gradients in the atmosphere are important in the atmospheric sciences (meteorology, climatology and related fields).
Chetan Nayak
Chetan Nayak (born 1971) is an Indian-American physicist and computer scientist specializing in quantum computing. He is a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara and a technical fellow and distinguished engineer on the Microsoft Azure Quantum hardware team. He joined Microsoft in 2005 and became director and general manager of Quantum Hardware at Microsoft Station Q at Microsoft Research in 2014.

Microsoft Azure Quantum
Microsoft Azure Quantum is a public cloud-based quantum computing platform developed by Microsoft, that offers quantum hardware, software, and solutions for developers to build quantum applications. It supports  variety of quantum hardware architectures from partners including Quantinuum, IonQ, and Atom Computing. To run applications on the cloud platform, Microsoft developed the Q# quantum programming language.

Azure Quantum also includes a platform for scientific research, Azure Quantum Elements. It uses artificial intelligence, high-performance computing and quantum processors to run molecular simulations and calculations in computational chemistry and materials science.

Azure Quantum was first announced at Microsoft Ignite in 2019. The platform was opened for public preview in 2021, and Azure Quantum Elements was launched in 2023.
Crooked River (Ireland)
The Crooked River rises in Loughan Macmartin at the top of Slieve Rushen Mountain, in the townland of Carrowmore, Parish of Tomregan, Barony of Tullyhaw, County Cavan, Ireland. It then flows in a southerly direction and discharges into the Shannon–Erne Waterway in the townland of Derryginny. It has a fish population of brown trout, pike, minnows, stoneloach and perch.

Slieve Rushen
Slieve Rushen is a mountain which straddles the border between County Cavan in the Republic of Ireland and County Fermanagh in Northern Ireland. It is also called Slieve Russell or Ligavegra (also Legavagra, Ligavagra). It has an elevation of 404 metres above sea level. OS 1/50k Mapsheet: 27A & 26. Grid Ref: H234 226. 
The mountain is made up of grey limestone with a cap of sandstone and shales and is extensively quarried by local companies. The surface is mostly covered with peat, conifer forests and grazing fields. The mountain contains several caves and swallow-holes including Pollnagollum (Slieve Rushen) and Tory Hole which are a popular destination for potholers, both situate in Legavreagra townland. It forms part of the Slieve Rushen Bog Natural Heritage Area . A recent addition to the mountain is the Slieve Rushen Wind Farm for generating electricity.
Warley, West Midlands
Warley is a residential area of Oldbury in the metropolitan borough of Sandwell in the West Midlands of the United Kingdom. Historically in both Worcestershire and Shropshire, the name has been used for both a civil parish (1884–1908) and a county borough/civil parish (1966–1974). Warley has been the name of a UK Parliament constituency since 1997.

Warley (UK Parliament constituency)
Warley was a constituency in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. The constituency was represented since its creation in 1997 and until its abolition in 2024 by John Spellar, a member of the Labour Party.

As a result of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was abolished. Subject to moderate boundary changes, including expansion to include most of the Blackheath ward, it was reformed as Smethwick, first contested at the 2024 general election.