hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
West End, Providence, Rhode Island
The West End is a neighborhood in the southwestern part of Providence, Rhode Island in the region often referred to as the South Side. Its boundaries are delineated by Westminster Street to the north, Huntington Avenue to the south, Elmwood Avenue to the east and the railroad tracks with Route 10 to the west. Cranston Street runs through the center of West End, past the Cranston Street Armory which has given the neighborhood the alternative name of the "Armory District."

Rhode Island Route 10
Route 10 is a numbered state highway connector in the U.S. state of Rhode Island, traveling along the Huntington Expressway, the first freeway in the state. It connects Route 12 (Park Avenue) on the Cranston–Providence city line with Interstate 95 (I-95), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and Memorial Boulevard in downtown Providence, passing just east of the Olneyville area of Providence. It provides an alternate route to I-95 south of downtown, and connects it with the US 6 freeway west from Olneyville towards I-295 and Connecticut.
Bigham House
Bigham House located at 655 Pennridge Road in Chatham Village, in the Mount Washington neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was built in 1849.  This was the former house of abolitionist lawyer Thomas James Bigham (1810–1884), and was "purportedly a station on the Underground Railroad."  These days, this Classical Revival house is part of Chatham Village and is used as a community clubhouse known as Chatham Hall. Chatham Village is on the National Register of Historic Places and is a National Landmark District, and this house was individually added to the List of Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation Historic Landmarks in 1990.

Bigham, known as "the Sage of Mt. Washington," served for many years as representative and senator in the Pennsylvania legislature. Also a newspaperman, he headed for a time the Commercial Journal and helped found the Pittsburgh Commercial.

Pittsburgh Commercial
The Pittsburgh Commercial was a morning daily newspaper published from 7 September 1863 to 14 February 1877 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was outspokenly Republican in its political commentary. Its succession of chief editors included Thomas James Bigham, Charles D. Brigham, and Russell Errett; poet Richard Realf was an assistant editor. The owners of the competing Pittsburgh Gazette eventually purchased the Commercial and consolidated the two papers as the Pittsburgh Commercial Gazette.
Heptaptera
Heptaptera is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae.

Its native range is Southeastern Europe to Iran.

Species:

Heptaptera alata (Boiss.) Tutin

Heptaptera anatolica (Boiss.) Tutin

Heptaptera angustifolia (Bertol.) Tutin

Heptaptera anisopetala (DC.) Tutin

Heptaptera cilicica (Boiss. & Balansa) Tutin

Heptaptera colladonioides Margot & Reut.

Heptaptera macedonica (Bornm.) Tutin

Heptaptera triquetra (Vent.) Tutin

Apiaceae
Apiaceae (/ˌeɪpiˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ ⓘ), also called Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium, and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,800 species in about 446 genera, including such well-known, and economically important plants as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip and sea holly, as well as silphium, a plant whose exact identity is unclear and which may be extinct.

The family Apiaceae includes a significant number of phototoxic species, such as giant hogweed, and a smaller number of highly poisonous species, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, spotted cowbane, fool's parsley, and various species of water dropwort.
Baumhauerite
Baumhauerite (Pb3As4S9) is a rare lead sulfosalt mineral.  It crystallizes in the triclinic system, is gray-black to blue-gray and its lustre is metallic to dull. Baumhauerite has a hardness of 3.

Baumhauerite occurs as small crystals embedded in dolomitic marble. It is found primarily in the Lengenbach Quarry, Binnental, in the Valais region of Switzerland, the mineral is named after German mineralogist Heinrich Adolph Baumhauer (1848–1926), who discovered it at Lengenbach, famous among mineralogists for its array of rare minerals, in 1902. Baumhauerite has also been reported at Sterling Hill, New Jersey, United States, typically in association with molybdenite, and in aggregates at Hemlo, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada.

Sterling Hill Mining Museum
The Sterling Hill Mine, now known as the Sterling Hill Mining Museum, is a former zinc mine in the borough of Ogdensburg in Sussex County, New Jersey, United States.  It was the last working underground mine in New Jersey.  It closed in 1986, and became a museum in 1989.  Along with the nearby Franklin Mine, it is known for its variety of minerals, especially the fluorescent varieties.  It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 3, 1991, for its significance in industry.
Joanne Disch
Joanne Disch is an American professor ad honorem of nursing at University of Minnesota School of Nursing. She is best known for her contributions improving patient safety, health administration, and nurse-physician relationships.

As an advocate for patient safety, Disch has testified before Congress sharing both large-scale data and compelling case studies.

Ad honorem
Ad honorem is a Latin phrase that literally can be translated as "to the honor". When used today, it generally means "for the honor of"; that is, not seeking any material reward. It is commonly used in universities for certain unpaid teaching positions.

When the phrase is used to mean professional work done voluntarily and without payment, it can be used interchangeably with pro bono ("for the public good").

It is also used as an alternative to honoris causa when awarding honorary degrees.
Constantinus Fidelio Coene
Constantinus Fidelio Coene (1779–1841) was a painter of history, genre, and landscape pieces.

Coene was born in 1779 at Vilvoorde. He first studied under Henri Van Assche, and in 1809 moved to Amsterdam and became the pupil of Pieter Bartholomeusz Barbiers. He then went to Brussels, and in 1820 was made Professor at the academy. His picture of Rubens receiving from Charles I the sword with which he had been knighted gained him the grand prize at Ghent, and is now in the Museum of that city. His Soldier returning from the Battle of Waterloo also gained him much praise. He died at Brussels on 20 August 1841.

Vilvoorde
Vilvoorde (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈvɪlvoːrdə] ⓘ; West Flemish: Vilvôorde; French: Vilvorde [vilvɔʁd]; historically known as Filford in English) is a municipality and city in the Halle-Vilvoorde district (arrondissement) of the province of Flemish Brabant, Belgium. The municipality comprises the city of Vilvoorde proper with its two outlying quarters of Koningslo and Houtem and the small town of Peutie.

The official language of Vilvoorde is Dutch, as in the rest of Flanders. There is a French-speaking minority of about 33.7%, concentrated especially in the Koningslo and Beauval quarters, bordering the Neder-Over-Heembeek neighbourhood of Brussels. The French-speaking minority is represented by 3 members on the 33-seat local council.

From 2000 until August 1, 2007, the mayor of Vilvoorde was former Belgian prime minister Jean-Luc Dehaene. The mayor from 2013 to 2024 was Hans Bonte, also a member of the Federal House of Representatives.
Beautiful Animals
Beautiful Animals is a 2017 psychological thriller novel by British writer Lawrence Osborne, set on the Greek island of Hydra.

The novel was featured in July 2017 on the cover of the "New York Times Book Review" and reviewed by Katie Kitamura. It also received good reviews from Lionel Shriver in The Washington Post and from John Powers at NPR's Fresh Air.

The Hollywood Reporter announced in May 2018 that a film adaptation with Amazon Studios and American producer John Lesher was under way.

Fresh Air
Fresh Air is an American radio talk show broadcast on National Public Radio stations across the United States since 1987. It is produced by WHYY-FM in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and hosted by Terry Gross and Tonya Mosley. The show is fed live weekdays at 12:00 noon ET, and some stations carry Fresh Air Weekend, a re-programming of highlights of the week's interviews. It won  Peabody Awards in 1994 and 2022.
Pantelis Thalassinos
Pantelis Thalassinos (Greek: Παντελής Θαλασσινός; born June 11, 1958) is a Greek singer and songwriter.

He was born in Keratsini, Piraeus. His father, Michalis, hailed from the island of Chios and his mother, Evangelia, from Serifos. He began performing in 1977, while also working in a shipping company until 1987, with the exception of his 22-month army service in 1980–81. Since then, he has devoted himself to his musical career. He co-founded the group Lathrepivates ("Stowaways") in 1986. Following its dissolution in 1991, he returned to his native Chios, where he founded the Myrovolos live stage. He returned to Athens and live performances in 1994, and is currently member of the Triphono group.

Pantelis Thalassinos has released six solo albums and has participated in more than 30, as a composer or guest singer.

Keratsini
Keratsini (Greek: Κερατσίνι) is a suburban town in the western part of the Piraeus regional unit, which in turn is a part of the Athens Urban Area. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Keratsini-Drapetsona, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit.
Bainbridge Island Museum of Art
The Bainbridge Island Museum of Art (BIMA) is located in Bainbridge Island, Washington, United States. The museum was designed by Coates Design Architects and opened in 2013.

During its first weeks, the museum averaged 150 daily visitors and included an exhibition of works by Roger Shimomura. BIMA has also showcased works by Amos Paul Kennedy Jr. and George Tsutakawa.

Sheila Hughes was the executive director, as of 2018. BIMA launched a biennial artistic award program in 2023.

Roger Shimomura
Roger Shimomura (born Roger Yutaka Shimomura in 1939 in Seattle) is an American artist and a retired professor at the University of Kansas, having taught there from 1969 to 2004. His art, showcased across the United States, Japan, Canada, Mexico, and Israel, often combines American popular culture, traditional Asian tropes, and stereotypical racial imagery to provoke thought and debate on issues of identity and social perception.
Beryllus of Bostra
Beryllus of Bostra  (fl. c. 222–235) was a bishop of Bostra whose writings are lost but is mainly remembered for denying the pre-existence of Christ, and also for dynamic Monarchianism, the denial of Christ's independent divinity. According to Eusebius he was among the "learned churchmen" (Hist. eccl. VI, 20) of the period. His writings and letters were held in the library established by Alexander of Jerusalem, but have not been preserved. Origen disputed with Beryllus at the Councils of Arabia regarding Monarchianism between 238 and 244 and appears to have persuaded him, though he may have retained his view on pre-existence. Beryllos offers an early example of the heretical beliefs Hellenic Christians imputed to the Arabs as a race.

Alexander of Jerusalem
Alexander of Jerusalem (Greek: Αλέξανδρος Ιεροσολύμων; died 251 AD) was a third century bishop who is venerated as a martyr and saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox churches, and the Roman Catholic Church.  He died during the persecution of Emperor Decius.
Francesco III Ordelaffi
Francesco III Ordelaffi (c. 1357 – September 8, 1405), also known as Cecco III, was an Italian condottiero and lord of Forlì. A member of the Ordelaffi family, he was brother to Pino I.

Together with Pino, he was a protagonist in the reconquest of Forlì by his uncle Sinibaldo; the two imprisoned him and assumed jointly the seigniory on December 13, 1385. In the 1390s he allied with Antonio da Montefeltro against Carlo, Andrea and Pandolfo Malatesta, and helped Azzo X d'Este in his failed attempt to gain Ferrara from Niccolò III.

In 1402 succeeded Pino in the lordship of Forlì, receiving the title of Papal vicar by Boniface IX. His last years of rule were marked by cruelties and political suppression, and, when, being severely ill, in 1405 he attempted to ratify the succession for his son Antonio, the population rose and killed him. The city was therefore a Republic for several years.

House of Malatesta
The House of Malatesta was an Italian family that ruled over Rimini from 1295 until 1500, as well as (in different periods) other lands and towns in Romagna and holding high positions in the government of cities in present-day Tuscany, Lombardy and Marche. The dynasty is considered among the most important and influential of the Late Middle Ages. In the period of maximum influence, they extended their domains along the Marche coast, up to Ascoli Piceno, Senigallia, Sansepolcro and Citerna, and to the north, on the territories of Bergamo and Brescia.
Annopol-Rachów
Annopol-Rachów (Polish pronunciation: ['anˈnɔpɔl ˈraxuf]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Annopol, within Kraśnik County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It is located very short distance north of Annopol town, on the east bank of Vistula river.

The history of Annopol-Rachów, and Annopol, and are inextricably linked, often combining one with the other as one and the same in written records.

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (Polish: województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin.

The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.
Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus (Brest Region) and Ukraine (Lviv and Volyn Regions) to the east. The region's population as of 2024 was 1,996,440. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).
Teh Lai Heng
Teh Lai Heng (Chinese: 郑来兴; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tēⁿ Lâi-heng) is a Malaysian politician who has served as Member of the Penang State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Komtar since May 2013. He is a member of the Democratic Action Party (DAP), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) and formerly Pakatan Rakyat (PR) coalitions.

He currently serves as the Treasurer of DAP Penang State and the Secretary of DAP Tanjong PLC.

Penang State Legislative Assembly
The Penang State Legislative Assembly is the legislature of the Malaysian state of Penang. It is a unicameral institution, consisting of a total of 40 elected lawmakers representing single-member constituencies throughout Penang. The state legislature, whose members are called "State Assemblymen", convenes at the Penang State Assembly Building in Penang's capital city of George Town. The Penang State Executive Council, the executive branch of the Penang state government, is drawn from among the State Assemblymen.

After the 2023 Penang state election, 29 out of 40 seats are held by the Pakatan Harapan (PH) and Barisan Nasional (BN). The PH–BN alliance thus command a supermajority in the legislature. Meanwhile, 11 seats are held by the Perikatan Nasional (PN) opposition coalition.
MV Ventura
MV Ventura is a Grand-class cruise ship of the P&O Cruises fleet. The 116,017 GT ship was built by Fincantieri at their shipyard in Monfalcone, Italy and is 288.6 m (947 ft) long. She officially entered service with the company in April 2008 and was named by Dame Helen Mirren. Ventura underwent a refit at the Blohm & Voss shipyard in Hamburg, Germany, during March and April 2013, and re-entered service on 7 April 2013 with a voyage to Spain and Portugal. In February 2023 she underwent a minor refit again at the Hamburg shipyard, re-entering service four weeks later.

Gross tonnage
Gross tonnage (GT, G.T. or gt) is a nonlinear measure of a ship's overall internal volume.  Gross tonnage is different from gross register tonnage.  Neither gross tonnage nor gross register tonnage should be confused with measures of mass or weight such as deadweight tonnage or displacement.

Gross tonnage, along with net tonnage, was defined by the International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969, adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 1969, and came into force on 18 July 1982.  These two measurements replaced gross register tonnage (GRT) and net register tonnage (NRT).  Gross tonnage is calculated based on "the moulded volume of all enclosed spaces of the ship" and is used to determine things such as a ship's manning regulations, safety rules, registration fees, and port dues, whereas the older gross register tonnage is a measure of the volume of only certain enclosed spaces.
Helosciadium
Helosciadium is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae.

Its native range is from Europe to Central Asia and Pakistan, Macaronesia to Arabian Peninsula and Tanzania. Helosciadium bermejoi from the island of Menorca is one of the rarest plants in Europe, with fewer than 100 individuals left.

Menorca
Menorca or Minorca (from Latin: Insula Minor, lit. 'smaller island', later Minorica) is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain. Its name derives from its size, contrasting it with nearby Mallorca (Majorca). Its capital is Maó, situated on the island's eastern end, although Menorca is not a province and forms a political union with the other islands in the archipelago. Ciutadella de Menorca and Maó are the main ports and largest towns.

Per the Census of 1 January 2025, Menorca had a population of 102,477. Its highest point, a hill in the middle of the island named El Toro (from Catalan "turó" meaning hill), is 358 metres (1,175 feet) above sea level.
Bayview Glen Church
Bayview Glen Church is an evangelical church in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, in the Thornhill neighbourhood, at North East corner of Bayview and Steeles. It is part of the Christian and Missionary Alliance in Canada. The congregation began in 1941 and moved to its present building in March 1978.

Thornhill, Ontario
Thornhill is a suburban district in the Regional Municipality of York in Ontario, Canada.  The western portion of Thornhill is within the City of Vaughan  and its eastern portion is within the City of Markham, with Yonge Street forming the boundary between Vaughan and Markham. Thornhill is situated along the northern border of Toronto, centred on Yonge, and is also immediately south of the City of Richmond Hill. Once a police village, Thornhill is still a postal designation. As of 2016, its total population, including both its Vaughan and Markham sections, was 112,719.
Round Table
The Round Table (Welsh: y Ford Gron; Cornish: an Moos Krenn; Breton: an Daol Grenn; Latin: Mensa Rotunda) is King Arthur's famed table in the Arthurian legend, around which he and his knights congregate. As its name suggests, it has no head, implying that everyone who sits there has equal status, unlike conventional rectangular tables where participants order themselves according to rank. The table was first described in 1155 by Wace, who relied on previous depictions of Arthur's fabulous retinue. The symbolism of the Round Table developed over time; by the close of the 12th century, it had come to represent the chivalric order associated with Arthur's court, the Knights of the Round Table.

Geoffrey of Monmouth
Geoffrey of Monmouth (Latin: Galfridus Monemutensis, Galfridus Arturus; Welsh: Gruffudd ap Arthur, Sieffre o Fynwy; c. 1095 – c. 1155) was a  Christian cleric from Monmouth, Wales, and one of the major figures in the popularity of tales of King Arthur.

He is best known for his chronicle The History of the Kings of Britain (Latin: De gestis Britonum or Historia Regum Britanniae) which was widely popular in its day, being translated into other languages from its original Latin. It was given historical credence well into the 16th century, but is now considered historically unreliable.
Mary O'Malley (author)
Mary O’Malley is a speaker and the author of Belonging to Life: The Journey of Awakening, The Gift of Our Compulsions: a Revolutionary Approach to Self Acceptance and Healing, The Magical Forest of Awakening, and What's In the Way IS the Way. She is a certified counselor in the State of Washington in private practice in Kirkland, Washington. She leads groups, retreats, and classes throughout the United States and in Denmark.

Eckhart Tolle
Eckhart Tolle (/ˈɛkɑːrt ˈtɒlə/ EK-art TOL-ə; German: [ˈɛkhaʁt ˈtɔlə]; born Ulrich Leonard Tölle, 16 February 1948) is a German spiritual teacher and self-help author. His books include The Power of Now: A Guide to Spiritual Enlightenment (1997), A New Earth: Awakening to Your Life's Purpose (2005) and the picture book Guardians of Being (2009).

While working toward his doctorate at the University of Cambridge in 1977, Tolle abandoned his studies after a claimed spiritual awakening and later began working as a spiritual teacher. He came to prominence as a self-help author beginning in the 2000s, aided through promotion by Oprah Winfrey. His teachings draw from traditions such as Zen Buddhism, Christian mysticism, Sufism, and Hinduism, although he remains unaffiliated with any particular religion.
Elizabeth Harvey (historian)
Elizabeth Harvey is a British historian of 20th-century Germany.

Harvey  received her PhD in 1987 from the University of Oxford. Since 1987 she has held positions at the Universities of Salford, Dundee, Liverpool, and, more recently, Nottingham.

University of Salford
The University of Salford is a public research university located in Salford, Greater Manchester, England, 1 mile (1.6 kilometres) west of Manchester city centre. The Royal Technical Institute, Salford, which opened in 1896, became a College of Advanced Technology in 1956 and gained university status in 1967, following the Robbins Report into higher education.

It has 26,155 students (2023/24) and is in 160 acres (65 hectares) of parkland on the banks of the River Irwell.
Guy Lynn
Guy Lynn is a British investigative journalist for the BBC, serving as the corporation’s sole dedicated investigative reporter for London. His stories have appeared across television, radio, and digital platforms, including the One and Six O’Clock News, Newsnight, the Today programme, BBC Breakfast, and BBC Online. In 2025, he won the Nations and Regions Reporter of the Year prize at the UK's national Royal Television Society TV Journalism Awards.

Newsnight
Newsnight is the BBC's news and current affairs television programme, providing in-depth investigation and analysis of the stories behind the day's headlines. It is broadcast weeknights at 10:30 on BBC Two and the BBC News channel; it is also available on BBC iPlayer. The programme is currently presented by Victoria Derbyshire, Paddy O'Connell and Matt Chorley.