hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Friedrich Pestalozzi
Friedrich Pestalozzi (22 February 1871 – 15 May 1933) was a Swiss agriculturalist and politician from Zurich. He served as a member of the Cantonal Council of St. Gallen and the National Council, while also playing a significant role in Swiss agricultural organizations and advocacy for farmers' interests.

Cantonal Council of St. Gallen
The Cantonal Council of St. Gallen (German: St. Galler Kantonsrat) is the legislature of the Canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. St. Gallen has a unicameral legislature. The Cantonal Council has 120 seats which are elected every three years.
Henry Hawkins (cricketer)
Henry Hawkins 91876-1930) was an English cricketer active from 1902 to 1909 who played for Northamptonshire (Northants). He was born in Kegworth, Leicestershire on 15 January 1876 and died in Daventry, Northamptonshire on 12 August 1930. He appeared in 26 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled right arm fast medium. He scored 350 runs with a highest score of 33 and took 24 wickets with a best performance of two for 12.

Wicket
In the sport of cricket, the term wicket has several meanings:

It is either of the two sets of three stumps and two bails at each end of the pitch. The fielding team's players can hit the wicket with the ball in a number of ways to get a batter out. 
The wicket is guarded by a batter who, with their bat (and sometimes with their pads, but see the laws on LBW, leg before wicket), attempts to prevent the ball from hitting the wicket (if it does, they may be bowled) and to score runs where possible.

Through metonymic usage, the dismissal of a batter is known as the taking of a wicket.

The cricket pitch itself is sometimes referred to as the wicket.
Mount Abu InfraRed Observatory
The Mount Abu InfraRed Observatory (MIRO) is an astronomical observatory located near Mount Abu in the state of Rajasthan, India. The observatory is at an altitude of 1680 metres and is adjacent to Guru Shikhar, the highest peak of the Aravalli Range. The observatory hosts a 1.2-metre infrared telescope. It is the first major facility in India specifically designed for ground-based, infrared observations of celestial objects. Further, the low amount of precipitable water vapour (1–2 mm during winter) at Guru Shikhar makes it a good site for infrared observations. The site has been found to be good (about 150 cloud free nights per year) for astronomical observations.

Infrared telescope
An infrared telescope is a telescope that uses infrared light to detect celestial bodies. Infrared light is one of several types of radiation present in the electromagnetic spectrum.

All celestial objects with a temperature above absolute zero emit some form of electromagnetic radiation. In order to study the universe, scientists use several different types of telescopes to detect these different types of emitted radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum.  Some of these are gamma ray, x-ray, ultra-violet, regular visible light (optical), as well as infrared telescopes.
George Brayton
George Bailey Brayton (1830–1892) was an American mechanical engineer and inventor. He was noted for introducing the constant pressure engine that is the basis for the gas turbine, and which is now referred to as the Brayton cycle.

John Philip Holland
John Philip Holland (Irish: Seán Pilib Ó hUallacháin/Ó Maolchalann; February 24, 1841 – August 12, 1914) was an Irish marine engineer who developed the first submarine to be formally commissioned by the US Navy, USS Holland (SS-1) and the first Royal Navy submarine, Holland 1.
Lake Ontario Waterkeeper
Lake Ontario Waterkeeper (LOW), now known as Swim Drink Fish, is a Toronto-based environmental justice advocacy group founded in 2001, with Lake Ontario, the Great Lakes Basin, and allied waterways at heart. It is a licensed member of the New York–based Waterkeeper Alliance, and a registered Canadian charity. Lake Ontario Waterkeeper was founded by environmental lawyer Mark Mattson, and Krystyn Tully. In November 2017, Lake Ontario Waterkeeper, Fraser Riverkeeper, North Saskatchewan Riverkeeper and its digital platforms were all consolidated under the name “Swim Drink Fish”.

Great Lakes Basin
The Great Lakes Basin consists of the Great Lakes and the surrounding lands of the states of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin in the United States, and the province of Ontario in Canada, whose direct surface runoff and watersheds form a large drainage basin that feeds into the lakes. It is generally considered to also include a small area around and beyond Wolfe Island, Ontario, at the east end of Lake Ontario, which does not directly drain into the Great Lakes, but into the Saint Lawrence River.

The Basin is at the center of the Great Lakes region.
Holland Road Baptist Church
Holland Road Baptist Church is a Baptist church in Hove, part of the English city of Brighton and Hove.  Built in 1887 to replace a temporary building on the same site, which had in turn superseded the congregation's previous meeting place in a nearby gymnasium, it expanded to take in nearby buildings and is a landmark on Holland Road, a main north–south route in Hove.  It is one of ten extant Baptist church buildings in the city, and is the only one to have been listed by English Heritage in view of its architectural importance.

Baptists Together
Baptists Together, formally the Baptist Union of Great Britain, is a Baptist Christian denomination in England and Wales. It is affiliated with the Baptist World Alliance and Churches Together in England. The headquarters is in Didcot.
Cloncandra Glebe
Cloncandra Glebe is a townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is situated in the historic barony of Omagh East and the civil parish of Kilskeery and covers an area of 213 acres.

The name derives from the Irish: Cluain Conraidh (Conradh's lawn or meadow).

The population of the townland declined during the 19th century:

Barony (county division)
A barony is an administrative division of a county in Scotland, Ireland, outlying parts of England and historically France and Sardinia. As a barony is associated to a Baron and a county to a Count or Earl, it has a lower rank and importance than a county.
1969 BRDC International Trophy
The 21st BRDC International Trophy was a non-championship Formula One race held at Silverstone on 30 March 1969. The race was run over 52 laps of the circuit and was won by Jack Brabham in a Brabham BT26A.

Brabham BT26
The Brabham BT26 was a Formula One racing car design. A development of the previous BT24, its Repco-Brabham RB860 engines were unreliable, but following a switch to Cosworth DFV engines it scored two World Championship Grand Prix wins and finished runner up in the 1969 World Constructors' Championship.
Scouting in Scotland
Scouting in Scotland is largely represented by Scouts Scotland, a registered Scottish Charity No. SC017511 that is affiliated to the Scout Association of the United Kingdom. The Baden-Powell Scouts' Association also has a presence in Scotland.

There are five student associations at various universities in Scotland, each of which is affiliated to the Student Scout and Guide Organisation (SSAGO): Aberdeen University Scouts and Guides (serving University of Aberdeen and Robert Gordon University, University of the Highlands and Islands Guides and Scouts, University of Strathclyde Guides and Scouts, University of Dundee Guides and Scouts, and Glasgow SSAGO (serving Glasgow Caledonian University, Royal Conservatoire of Scotland, Glasgow School of Art, University of Glasgow and University of the West of Scotland).

Scout district
A Scout District is an administrative division within some Scouting and Guiding organisations.

Districts are responsible for providing programme and support for local Scout and Guide groups, although the precise relationship and structure of a District does vary from country to country.
Euphebius
Saint Euphebius (Ephebus, Euphemus, Efrimus) is venerated as a patron saint and bishop of Naples. Ferdinando Ughelli writes that the date of Euphebius' episcopate cannot be determined with certainty.  There is no biography of Euphebius’ life. Paulus Regius and Baronius theorized that Euphebius died in 713 AD, but Joannes Diaconus considers Euphebius the eighth bishop of Naples, succeeding St. Eustasius (Eustathius), which would have his episcopate occur sometime in the 2nd century. He is commemorated in the Roman Martyrology on May 23.

Ferdinando Ughelli
Ferdinando Ughelli OCist (Italian pronunciation: [ferdiˈnando uˈɡɛlli]; 21 March 1595 – 19 May 1670) was an Italian Cistercian monk and church historian. He is best known for his monumental Italia Sacra, a massive nine-volume treatise detailing the history of all Italian dioceses from the earliest Christian centuries to his day.
SS Infanta Isabel de Borbon
SS Infanta Isabel de Borbon was a steam ocean liner and mail ship launched in 1912 in Scotland and operated by the Compañía Transatlántica Española (CTE). She and her sister ship Reina Victoria-Eugenia represented a significant modernisation of CTE's fleet of aging and obsolescent ships.

After the Second Spanish Republic was declared in 1931 Infanta Isabel de Borbon was renamed Uruguay. In 1932 she was laid up and in 1934 the Republic converted her into a prison ship.

In 1939 a Nationalist air attack on the Port of Barcelona sank Uruguay at her moorings. After the Nationalist defeat of the Second Republic her wreck was raised and scrapped.

Packet boat
Packet boats were medium-sized boats designed mainly for domestic mail and freight transport in European countries and in North American rivers and canals. Eventually including basic passenger accommodation, they were used extensively during the 18th and 19th centuries, and had regularly scheduled services.

In the 18th century, packet boats were put into use on the Atlantic Ocean between Great Britain and its colonies, where the services were called the packet trade. In the later 19th century, steam-driven packets were used extensively in the United States on the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, servicing rivertowns such as St. Joseph, St. Paul, Galena and St. Louis and providing communication and supplies to be carried overland to more distant forts and trading posts.
Aeroflot Flight 1492
Aeroflot Flight 1492 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight operated by Aeroflot from Moscow–Sheremetyevo to Murmansk, Russia. On 5 May 2019, the Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft operating the flight was climbing out when it was struck by lightning. The aircraft suffered an electrical failure and returned to Sheremetyevo for an emergency landing. It bounced on landing and touched down hard, causing the landing gear to collapse, fuel to spill out of the wings, and a fire to erupt. The fire engulfed the rear of the aircraft, killing 41 of the 78 occupants.

Thrust reversal
Thrust reversal, also called reverse thrust, is an operating mode for jet engines equipped with a thrust reverser when thrust is directed forwards for slowing an aircraft after landing. It assists wheel braking and reduces brake wear. Fatal accidents have been caused by inadvertent use of thrust reversal in flight.

Aircraft propellers also have an operating mode for directing their thrust forwards for braking, known as operating in reverse pitch.
Pentax *ist D
Pentax *ist D is a digital SLR camera produced by Pentax, released in 2003. The *ist D produces a 6.1 megapixel resolution image, using same sensor as Nikon D100. It was the smallest and lightest dSLR at the time, but still well equipped. For example, it had a large and bright pentaprism viewfinder, compared to pentamirror in other similarly priced competition.

Pentaprism
A pentaprism is a five-sided reflecting prism used to deviate a beam of light by a constant 90°, even if the entry beam is not at 90° to the prism.
The beam reflects inside the prism twice, allowing the transmission of an image through a right angle without inverting it (that is, without changing the image's handedness) as an ordinary right-angle prism or mirror would.

The reflections inside the prism are not caused by total internal reflection, since the beams are incident at an angle less than the critical angle (the minimum angle for total internal reflection). Instead, the two faces are coated to provide mirror surfaces. The two opposite transmitting faces are often coated with an antireflection coating to reduce spurious reflections. The fifth face of the prism is not used optically but truncates what would otherwise be an awkward angle joining the two mirrored faces.
Mihai Nistor
Mihai Nistor (born 5 November 1990) is a Romanian professional boxer. A southpaw, he is best known for stopping Anthony Joshua at the 39th European Amateur Boxing Championships in 2011. As an amateur, Nistor competed in the men's super heavyweight event at the 2016 Summer Olympics, where he was eliminated in the round of 16 by the Jordanian Hussein Ishaish. Nistor competed in the semi-professional World Series of Boxing 2013 to 2018, representing Astana Arlans, Italia Thunder, and Fighting Roosters. He had 157 fights as an amateur and finished with a record of 138–19. In 2019 Nistor started his professional career.

Boxing at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's super heavyweight
The men's super heavyweight boxing competition at the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro was held from 9 to 21 August at the Riocentro.

Tony Yoka won the gold medal, beating Joe Joyce in the final.

The medals for the competition were presented by Irena Szewińska, Poland, IOC member, and the gifts were presented by Kelani Bayor, Vice President of the AIBA.
Kennebago Divide
Kennebago Divide is a mountain located in Maine's Franklin and Oxford counties.  It is also known as North Peak of Kennebago Divide. Its highest peak is in Franklin County, about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) southeast of the Canada–United States border with Québec. Kennebago Divide is flanked to the northeast by White Cap Mountain, and to the south by Snow Mountain.

Kennebago Divide stands within the watershed of the upper Androscoggin River, which drains into Merrymeeting Bay, the estuary of the Kennebec River, and then into the Gulf of Maine. The southeast side of Kennebago Divide drains into Bear Brook, and thence into the Kennebago River, then into Cupsuptic Lake, through a series of lakes into the Rapid River and Umbagog Lake, the source of the Androscoggin River. The south end of Kennebago Divide drains into Wiggle Brook, then into the Kennebago River. The northwest side of Kennebago Divide drains into Porter Brook and the Cupsuptic River, then into Cupsuptic Lake.

Merrymeeting Bay
Merrymeeting Bay is a large freshwater tidal bay located in the U.S. state of Maine. Merrymeeting Bay's unusual geography defies common landform terms. It is not what is usually meant by the word bay. It is somewhat like an estuary but it has fresh water with very little salt. Geologically it is described as an "inland delta" and biologically as "tidal riverine."

The head of Merrymeeting Bay is generally considered to begin at the southernmost point of Swan Island. Bordering towns and cities include Bath, Brunswick, Topsham, Bowdoinham, Dresden, and Woolwich. Public access to the bay is gained mainly from public docks on one of the contributing rivers in Brunswick, Bath, Richmond, and Bowdoinham.
One Shot (Tin Machine song)
"One Shot" is the second track from the album Tin Machine II by Tin Machine. It was released as the third single from the album, making it their sixth single overall, and the last single released by the band.

Reeves Gabrels
Reeves Gabrels (born June 4, 1956) is an American guitarist, songwriter and producer. A member of The Cure since 2012, Gabrels is also known for his work with David Bowie and Tin Machine from 1988 to 1999. He also fronts the band Reeves Gabrels & His Imaginary Friends, which is based in Nashville.

As a guitarist, Gabrels is recognized for his virtuosity and versatility, and been praised for his ability to "explore sonic extremes with a great, adaptive intuition for what each song needs most." He has been characterized as "one of the most daring rock-guitar improvisers since Jimi Hendrix".
Estonian Coalition Party
Estonian Coalition Party (Estonian: Eesti Koonderakond) was an Estonian centre-right liberal political party. Founded in 1991 by Tiit Vähi, it disbanded in 2002. The party was an observing member of Liberal International from 1998 on. It had contacts with parties like Latvian Way and participated in the ruling coalition of 1995-1999. A party mostly uniting former (urban) nomenklatura and other Soviet era officials, it was closely allied with the Party of Rural People, which, however, represented more populist, centre-left ideology.

Latvian Way
Latvian Way (Latvian: Latvijas Ceļš) was a conservative-liberal political party in Latvia.  It merged with Latvia's First Party to form the Latvia's First Party/Latvian Way (LPP/LC) in 2007.

It described itself as "a liberal party defending people's freedom to shape their own lives".  Latvian Way was a member of Liberal International and the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party.
Eupithecia tarapaca
Eupithecia tarapaca is a moth in the family Geometridae first described by Rindge in 1989. It is found in the region of Taracap'a in Arica Province, Chile. The habitat consists of either the Northern
Desert or the Northern Andean Cordillera Biotic Provinces.

The length of the forewings is about 9 mm for males. Adults have been recorded on wing in November.

Arica Province
Arica Province (Spanish: Provincia de Arica) is one of two provinces of Chile's northernmost region, Arica y Parinacota. The province is bordered on the north by the Tacna Province of Peru, on the south by the Tamarugal Province in the Tarapacá Region, on the east the Parinacota Province and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. Its capital is the port city of Arica.
Cuddy (surname)
Cuddy is an Irish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amy Cuddy (born 1972), American social psychologist

Alison Cuddy, American radio host

David Cuddy (born 1952), American businessman and Republican Party politician

Devin Cuddy (born 1987), Canadian singer-songwriter

Jim Cuddy (born 1955), Canadian singer-songwriter

Lola Cuddy (born 1939), Canadian music psychologist

P.J. Cuddy, hurling player with Laois and Camross

Paul Cuddy (born 1959), English footballer

Scott Cuddy, American politician

Susan Ahn Cuddy (1915–2015), the first female gunnery officer in the United States Navy

Thomas J. Cuddy, former chief of police in Los Angeles, California

Fictional characters include

Lisa Cuddy, in the television series House

Lisa Cuddy
Lisa Cuddy, M.D., is a fictional character on the medical drama House. She is portrayed by Lisa Edelstein. Cuddy was the dean of medicine of the fictional Princeton-Plainsboro Teaching Hospital in New Jersey. Cuddy quit her job after the events of season seven's finale "Moving On".
Troublemaker (Taio Cruz song)
"Troublemaker" is an electropop song by British singer-songwriter Taio Cruz, released as the second single from his third studio album, TY.O. It was released in Germany on 9 December 2011 before being released in the United Kingdom as the album's lead single on 1 January 2012. The song was written and produced by Cruz, Steve Angello, Rami Yacoub and Carl Falk. Cruz performed the song on The Voice of Germany on 27 January 2012.

Carl Falk
Carl Anthony Falk-Gramer (née Falk; born 17 August 1980 in Stockholm), is a Sri-Lankan-born Swedish songwriter, record producer and musician and has worked with artists such as Demi Lovato, One Direction, 5 Seconds of Summer, Nicki Minaj, Ellie Goulding, Madonna, Avicii, Ariana Grande, Charlie Puth, Jason Derulo, Westlife, Hilary Duff, Iggy Azalea and Liam Payne.
Baggy Shanker
Bhagat Singh Shanker, known as Baggy Shanker, is a British Labour and Co-operative Party politician who has been Member of Parliament for Derby South since 2024.

He was elected Derby City Council leader in 2023, making him the first Sikh council leader in Derby: he was removed from that position in June 2024 after losing a motion of no confidence.

Shanker previously worked as a project manager at Rolls-Royce's Civil Aerospace Division, and for the chemicals company Celanese.

Celanese
Celanese Corporation, formerly known as Hoechst Celanese, is an American technology and specialty materials company headquartered in Irving, Texas. It is a Fortune 500 corporation. The company is the world's leading producer of acetic acid, producing about 1.95 million tonnes per year, representing approximately 20% of global production. Celanese is also the world's largest producer of vinyl acetate monomer (VAM).

Celanese operates 25 production plants and six research centers in 11 countries, mainly in North America, Europe, and Asia. The company owns and operates the world's three largest acetic acid plants: one in the Clear Lake area of Pasadena, Texas, one on Jurong Island in Singapore, and a third in Nanjing, China.

During 2018 Celanese along with 90 additional Fortune 500 companies "paid an effective federal tax rate of 0% or less" as a result of Donald Trump´s Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017
2017 L'Open Emeraude Solaire de Saint-Malo
The 2017 L'Open Emeraude Solaire de Saint-Malo was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the twenty-second edition of the tournament and was part of the 2017 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Saint-Malo, France, on 18–24 September 2017.

Saint-Malo
Saint-Malo (UK: /sæ̃ ˈmɑːloʊ/, US: /ˌsæ̃ məˈloʊ/, French: [sɛ̃ malo] ⓘ; Gallo: Saent-Malô; Breton: Sant-Maloù) is a historic French port commune in Ille-et-Vilaine, Brittany.

The walled city on the English Channel coast has a long history of piracy, earning much wealth from local extortion and overseas adventures. In 1944, during World War II, the Allies heavily bombed Saint-Malo. The city became a popular tourist centre, with a ferry terminal serving the Channel Islands of Jersey and Guernsey, as well as the Southern English settlements of Portsmouth, Hampshire and Poole, Dorset.

The transatlantic single-handed yacht race Route du Rhum, which takes place every four years in November, is between Saint Malo and Pointe-à-Pitre in Guadeloupe.
How to Write an Autobiographical Novel
How to Write an Autobiographical Novel is a 2018 essay collection by American writer Alexander Chee, published by Mariner Books. The essays, spanning Chee's life as a writer and teacher, cover topics ranging from life, literature, politics, higher education, and Korean and queer identities. The book was included on Time Magazine's 10 Best Nonfiction Books of the Year. It was a finalist for the Lambda Literary Award for Gay Memoir or Biography, as well as the PEN/Diamonstein-Spielvogel Award for the Art of the Essay.

PEN/Diamonstein-Spielvogel Award for the Art of the Essay
The PEN/Diamonstein-Spielvogel Award for the Art of the Essay is awarded by the PEN America (formerly PEN American Center) to an author for a book of original collected essays. The award was founded by PEN Member and author Barbaralee Diamonstein and Carl Spielvogel, former New York Times columnist, "to preserve the dignity and esteem that the essay form imparts to literature." The winner receives a cash award of $10,000.

The award was on hiatus from 2005 to 2010.

The award is one of many PEN awards sponsored by International PEN affiliates in over 145 PEN centres around the world. The PEN American Center awards have been characterized as being among the "major" American literary prizes.