hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Doughnut (economic model)
The Doughnut, or Doughnut economics, is a visual framework for sustainable development – shaped like a doughnut or lifebelt –  combining the concept of planetary boundaries with the complementary concept of social boundaries. The name derives from the shape of the diagram, i.e. a disc with a hole in the middle. The centre hole of the model depicts the proportion of people that lack access to life's essentials (healthcare, education, equity and so on) while the crust represents the ecological ceilings (planetary boundaries) that life depends on and must not be overshot. The diagram was developed by University of Oxford economist Kate Raworth in her 2012 Oxfam paper A Safe and Just Space for Humanity and elaborated upon in her 2017 book Doughnut Economics: Seven Ways to Think Like a 21st-Century Economist and paper.

Lifebuoy
A lifebuoy or life ring, among many other names (see § Other names), is a life-saving buoy designed to be thrown to a person in water to provide buoyancy and prevent drowning. Some modern lifebuoys are fitted with one or more seawater-activated lights to aid rescue at night.
The Wind in the Willows (1995 film)
The Wind in the Willows is a 1995 British animated television film directed by Dave Unwin and written by Ted Walker, and based on the 1908 novel of the same name, a classic of children's literature by Kenneth Grahame. It was produced by the TVC (Television Cartoons) in London.

The film includes live action bookending segments with Vanessa Redgrave as a grandmother narrating the story to her grandchildren: the action morphs into an animated setting as she opens the book.

Live action
Live action is a form of cinematography or videography that uses photography instead of animation. Some works combine live action with animation to create a live-action animated feature film. Live action is used to define film, video games or similar visual media.

Photorealistic animation, particularly modern computer animation, is sometimes erroneously described as "live action", as in the case of some media reports about Disney's The Lion King (2019 remake). According to the Cambridge English Dictionary, live action involves "real people or animals, not models, or images that are drawn, or produced by computer".
2018 Italian Open – Men's singles
Rafael Nadal defeated defending champion Alexander Zverev in the final, 6–1, 1–6, 6–3 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2018 Italian Open. It was his record-extending eighth Italian Open title and his record-extending 32nd Masters 1000 title overall. With the win, Nadal also regained the world No. 1 singles ranking.

After failing to defend his runner-up points from the previous year, Novak Djokovic fell outside the top 20 in rankings for the first time since October 2006.

Nikoloz Basilashvili
Nikoloz Basilashvili (Georgian: ნიკოლოზ ბასილაშვილი, romanized: nik'oloz basilashvili, pronounced [nikʼoloz basilaʃʷili]; born 23 February 1992) is a Georgian professional tennis player. He reached a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 16 on 27 May 2019 making him the highest ranked player from Georgia. Basilashvilli became the first Georgian to win an ATP title at the 2018 German Open. He is currently the No. 1 Georgian player.

In October 2018, Basilashvili won his second ATP 500 title at the China Open by defeating world No. 4 Juan Martín del Potro in the final. In 2019, Basilashvili completed his first title defense by winning the German Open for a second successive year.
Gogi Naskidashvili
Gogi Mikheilovich Nask'idashvili (16 August 1947, Mtskheta – 18 April 1983) was a Soviet slalom canoeist who competed in the early 1970s. He finished 31st in the K-1 event at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.

Died in traffic collision in Georgia.

Canoeing at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Men's slalom K-1
These are the results of the men's K-1 slalom competition in canoeing at the 1972 Summer Olympics. The K-1 (kayak single) event is raced by one-man kayaks through a whitewater course.  The venue for the 1972 Olympic competition was in Augsburg.
Utah Warriors (indoor football)
The Utah Warriors were an indoor football team based in West Valley City, Utah. The Warriors played in the National Indoor Football League. The Warriors joined the NIFL in 2003 as an expansion team. The Warriors were the fourth indoor football team to be based in the Salt Lake City area, the first being the Indoor Professional Football League members, the Utah Catzz in 1998, the Utah Rattlers, who had an ownership change, and the name changed to the Utah Express, also of the NIFL in 2001. The Warriors played their home games at the E-Center in the suburb of West Valley City, Utah.

The Warriors joined the NIFL at the beginning of the 2003 season, but disbanded after of the 2004 season, so the franchise owners could prepare to launch an Arena Football League team, the Utah Blaze, for the 2006 season. The Warriors reached the league championship game during their first season, falling to the Ohio Valley Greyhounds 45–37.

Utah Blaze
The Utah Blaze was a professional arena football team based in Salt Lake City, Utah and competed in the West Division of the Arena Football League.  Home games were played at the EnergySolutions Arena. In 2013, the team did not submit proper documentation to remain in the AFL and the entire roster was reassigned to other teams in the league.
Op. 5
In music, Op. 5 stands for Opus number 5. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Barber – The School for Scandal

Beach – Mass in E-flat

Beethoven – Cello Sonatas Nos. 1 and 2

Berlioz – Requiem

Brahms – Piano Sonata No. 3

Chausson – Viviane

Chopin – Rondo à la mazur

Corelli – Twelve Violin Sonatas, Op. 5

Dvořák – Piano Quintet No. 1

G. English – Symphony No. 2

Glazunov – Symphony No. 1

Gottschalk – Le Bananier

Liszt – Rondeau fantastique sur un thème espagnol

Nielsen – String Quartet No. 2

Madetoja – Chess (Shakkipeli), theatre score for orchestra (1910)

Rachmaninoff – Suite No. 1

Reger – Cello Sonata No. 1

Rimsky – Sadko

Schoenberg – Pelleas und Melisande

Schumann – Impromptus on a Theme by Clara Wieck

Shostakovich – Three Fantastic Dances

Sibelius – Six Impromptus, for solo piano (1893)

Strauss – Gesellschafts-Walzer

Stravinsky – Funeral Song

Tamberg – Concerto Grosso

Vivaldi – Six Violin Sonatas, Op. 5

Concerto Grosso (Tamberg)
Eino Tamberg's Concerto Grosso, Op. 5, was composed in 1956. It was awarded a gold medal at the 6th World Festival of Youth and Students the following year and was subsequently performed through both the Eastern and Western Blocs, launching the Estonian composer's career.

Tamberg's Concerto Grosso is scored for a wind quintet consisting of flute, clarinet, trumpet, alto saxophone and bassoon, piano, percussion and a string orchestra, and consists of three movements lasting ca. 25 minutes:

Allegro moderato

Adagio

Allegro molto quasi toccata

A high-spirited neoclassical composition, it is representative of the mild modernism promoted by the Soviet regime though the Thaw after years of harsh artistic repression, and it is notable for its use of the saxophone, which had been banned in 1949 as a decadent instrument. Tamberg would use no less than three saxophones in his next composition, the Symphonic Dances.
Arhopala arsenius
Arhopala arsenius is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It was described by Cajetan Felder and Rudolf Felder in 1865. It is found in the Indomalayan realm where it is endemic to the Philippines (Luzon and Mindoro).

Indomalayan realm
The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia.

Also called the Oriental realm by biogeographers, Indomalaya spreads all over the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia to lowland southern China, and through Indonesia as far as Sumatra, Java, Bali, and Borneo, east of which lies the Wallace line, the realm boundary named after Alfred Russel Wallace which separates Indomalaya from Australasia. Indomalaya also includes the Philippines, lowland Taiwan, and Japan's Ryukyu Islands.

Most of Indomalaya was originally covered by forest, and includes tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, with tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests predominant in much of India and parts of Southeast Asia. The tropical forests of Indomalaya are highly variable and diverse, with economically important trees, especially in the families Dipterocarpaceae, Ficus, and Fabaceae.
Coroners Act 1887
The Coroners Act 1887 (50 & 51 Vict. c. 71) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that consolidated for England and Wales enactments relating to coroners and repealed statutes from 1275 to 1882 which had ceased to be in force or had become necessary.

Committee of the Whole House (United Kingdom)
In the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the Committee of the whole House is a committee of the whole of one of the two Houses.

In the House of Commons, the Committee of the whole House is used instead of a public bill committee for the committee stage (clause-by-clause debate) of constitutional or ethical importance, or for contentious bills. The Finance Bill is always sent to a Committee of the whole House in the Commons. The sitting is presided over by the Chairman of Ways and Means, rather than the Speaker of the House, sitting in the clerk's chair (at the Table of the House) rather than the Speaker's chair normally occupied by the presiding officer, and is addressed as "Chair" instead of "Deputy speaker".

In the House of Lords, the Committee of the whole House examines the majority of bills.
Dunbeath (horse)
Dunbeath (23 March 1980 – after 1996) was an American-bred Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He was one of the best two-year-olds in Europe in 1982 when he won his last four races including the Royal Lodge Stakes and the William Hill Futurity. He was an early favourite for the following year's Epsom Derby but was beaten in all three of his races in 1983. He later raced with no success in the United States and was retired to stud at the end of the 1984 season. He had little impact as a breeding stallion.

Futurity Trophy
The Futurity Trophy is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late October.
Coba Coba Remixed
Coba Coba Remixed is the first remix album of Novalima's original album, Coba Coba, both under the U.S. independent record label, Cumbancha. It was released on June 16, 2009, and features electronic-influenced remixes of songs from Coba Coba.

Remix album
A remix album is an album consisting of remixes or rerecorded versions of an artist's earlier released material. The first act who employed the format was American singer-songwriter Harry Nilsson (Aerial Pandemonium Ballet, 1971). As of 2007, the best-selling remix album of all time is Michael Jackson's Blood on the Dance Floor: HIStory in the Mix (1997).
Coso Formation
The Coso Formation is a geologic formation in the Coso Range of the Mojave Desert, in Inyo County, California.

It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period. It yields fossil remains of many species of mammals, including of Equus simplicidens, the Hagerman Horse.

Hagerman horse
Equus simplicidens, also known as the Hagerman horse and American zebra, is an extinct species of equine native to North America during the Pliocene and Early Pleistocene. It is one of the oldest and most primitive members of the genus Equus. It is the state fossil of Idaho, where abundant remains of the species were discovered near the town of Hagerman in 1928.
CLMV
The CLMV countries are Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam. This country association within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) comprises its newest, lowest income, and formerly closed-economy members. One of the ways in which the association operates is through CLMV Economic Ministers' Meetings.

Open economy
An open economy is an economy in which both domestic and international entities participate in the trade of goods and services. This type of economy allows for the exchange of products, including technology transfers and managerial expertise. However, certain services, such as a country's railway operations, may not be easily exchanged internationally due to practical limitations.

In contrast, a closed economy restricts international trade and finance with other countries. In an open economy, the sale of goods or services to a foreign country is known as exporting, while the purchase of foreign goods or services is referred to as importing. Collectively, these activities form the basis of international trade.
Mongolia at the 2017 Asian Winter Games
Mongolia is scheduled to compete in the 2017 Asian Winter Games in Sapporo and Obihiro, Japan from February 19 to 26. Mongolia is scheduled to compete in four sports (seven disciplines). The Mongolian team consists of 46 athletes, six less than the number the country sent to the last games six years ago.

On February 16, 2017, it was announced that biathlete Erdenechimeg Barkhuu would be the country's flagbearer during the parade of nations at the opening ceremony. Barkhuu will become the first biathlete to carry the national flag at an opening ceremony.

Obihiro
Obihiro (帯広市, Obihiro-shi) is a city  located in Tokachi Subprefecture, Hokkaidō, Japan.  As of 31 December 2025, the city had an estimated population of 159,294 in 90105 households, and a population density of 257 people per km2. The total area of the city is 619.34 km2 (239.13 sq mi). The next most populous municipality in Tokachi is the adjacent town of Otofuke, with less than a third of Obihiro's population.  In 2008, Obihiro was designated a "model environmental city" in Japan.
Deserving Design
Deserving Design is a half-hour show on the Home and Garden TV network, starring Vern Yip.  In each episode an inspirational family or individual is visited by Yip, who show him two different rooms they would like to have redesigned.  Yip will pick one of the rooms to do and have the person or family aid in its design. However, Yip always surprises them by secretly redoing the other room, usually while covertly having them offer input into it, or by giving them some other special gift.

HGTV
HGTV (Home & Garden Television) is an American basic cable channel owned by Warner Bros. Discovery. The network primarily broadcasts reality programming related to home improvement and real estate. It was formerly owned by the E. W. Scripps Company, which spun off its cable networks, including HGTV, into Scripps Networks Interactive. As of November 2023, HGTV was available to approximately 72,000,000 pay television households in the United States, down from its 2011 peak of 100,000,000 households.
Fragment separator
A fragment separator is an ion-optical device used to focus and separate products from the collision of relativistic ion beams with thin targets.  Selected products can then be studied individually.  Fragment separators typically consist of a series of superconducting magnetic multipole elements.  The thin target immediately before the separator allows the fragments produced through various reactions to escape the target material still at a very high velocity.  The products are forward-focused because of the high velocity of the center-of-mass in the beam-target interaction, which allows fragment separators to collect a large fraction (in some cases nearly all) of the fragments produced in the target.  Some examples of currently operating Fragment separators are the FRS at GSI, the A1900 at NSCL, and BigRIPS of Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory at RIKEN.

Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory
The Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory is a multistage particle accelerator complex operated by Japan's Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science which is itself a part of the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research. Located in Saitama, the RIBF generates unstable nuclei of all elements up to uranium and studies their properties. According to physicist Robert Janssens, "[it] can produce the most intense beams of primary particles in the world."

RIBF took ten years to construct and its Superconducting Ring Cyclotron (SRC) can achieve energies of 2,600 MeV.: 5

Work at the RIBF has contributed to the understanding of atomic magic numbers.
Webster Hojack Trail
43°13′23″N 77°26′57″W﻿ / ﻿43.2231°N 77.4492°W﻿ / 43.2231; -77.4492
The Webster Hojack Trail is one of two Hojack trails in New York, the other being the Cayuga Hojack Trail. Both are built on remnants of the Hojack, a common name for the Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad. The Friends of Webster Trails maintains this 3.5-mile-long (5.6 km) trail, fully within the Town of Webster. It begins at Phillips Road near Route 104 east of the village and runs along the right of way, now owned by Rochester Gas & Electric, to Lake Road.

Webster (village), New York
Webster is a village in Monroe County, New York, United States. The population was 5,651 at the time of the 2020 census. The village and town are named after orator and statesman Daniel Webster. The village was incorporated in 1905.
Strobilanthes formosana
Strobilanthes formosana is a species of flowering plant in the family Acanthaceae, native to Taiwan. A perennial herb reaching 80 cm (31 in), it is found in forest ravines, at elevations from 700 to 2,300 m (2,300 to 7,500 ft). Paiwan people extracted a blue dye from its roots.

Paiwan people
The Paiwan (Paiwan: Kacalisian; Chinese: 排灣; pinyin: Páiwān) are an indigenous people of Taiwan. They speak the Paiwan language. In 2014, the Paiwan numbered 96,334. This was approximately 17.8% of Taiwan's total indigenous population, making them the second-largest indigenous group.

The majority of Paiwan people live in the southern chain of the Central Mountain Range, from Damumu Mountain and the upper Wuluo River in the north of the southern chain to the Hengchun Peninsula in the south of it, and also in the hills and coastal plains of southeastern Taiwan. There are two subgroups under the Paiwan people: the Ravar and the Vuculj.

The unique ceremonies in Paiwan are Masalut and Maljeveq. The Masalut is a ceremony that celebrates the harvest of rice, whereas the Maljeveq commemorates their ancestors or gods.
Vadym Shevchenko
Vadym Shevchenko (Ukrainian: Вадим Шевченко; 12 August 1956 – 18 April 2023) was a footballer from the former Soviet Union who played for Avanhard Rivne and Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih. After retiring as a player, Shevchenko became a football referee.

Shevchenko was a referee at the 1994 FIFA World Cup qualification match between Faroes and Romania that took place on 8 September 1993 in Toftir, Faroes.

FC Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih
FC Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih (Ukrainian: Футбольний Клуб Кривбас Кривий Ріг) is a Ukrainian professional football club based in Kryvyi Rih.

Until 2013 the club participated in professional competitions. In June 2013 the club went bankrupt and was expelled from the Ukrainian Premier League. There was a failed attempt to revive the club in 2014, until finally the club was reestablished again in 2015. In 2020, it was restructured as Football Club Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih based on Hirnyk Kryvyi Rih (founded in 1925), which took on the Football Club Kryvbas's brand. Many people consider the original Football Club Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih (founded in	1959) and the Football Club Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih of 2020 as one and the same club.
Archie Benson
Archie Benson (born 18 August 2001) is an English professional rugby union player who plays as a flanker for PREM Rugby club Northampton Saints.

Benson was part of Gloucester academy system as he signed for the Cherry and Whites immediately after leaving Dean Close School in Cheltenham, where he captained the 1st XV and represented England at Under-18 level.

Benson left Gloucester to join Luctonians in National League 2 West where he made 26 league appearances in the 2022/23 season alone as Luctonians ended up second on the ladder. He helped his side to their highest-ever league finishes in back-to-back seasons.

On 1 May 2024, it was announced that Benson has signed for Northampton Saints after a successful trial period for the 2024–25 season. He is also dual-registered with Bedford Blues in the RFU Championship in the same season.

Luctonians
Luctonians Sports Club is an English sports club based in Kingsland, Herefordshire. The rugby union team currently plays in National League 2 West, the fourth tier of the English rugby union system, following their promotion from the Midlands Premier at the end of the 2018–19 season via the play-offs. The club runs four senior sides and a full range of junior sides. Apart from rugby, Luctonians hosts the practice of cricket, golf, cycling, having also a netball, rounders, ladies touch and ladies contact section for women.
Your Moment
Your Moment is a Philippine television reality competition show broadcast by ABS-CBN. Hosted by Luis Manzano and Vhong Navarro, it aired on the network's Yes Weekend line up from November 9, 2019, to February 2, 2020, replacing the fourth season of The Voice Kids and was replaced by the second season of The Voice Teens.

Television in the Philippines
Television in the Philippines was introduced in October 1953 with the first commercial broadcast by Alto Broadcasting System (now called ABS-CBN). This made the Philippines the first Southeast Asian country, and the second Asian country, to air television broadcasts. During the late 1940s, Filipino engineers and students conducted academic experiments related to broadcasting.

From 1975 to 1978, the Philippine Academy for Television Arts and Sciences (PATAS) presented the SINAG Awards.

The Star Awards for Television, the country's oldest existing television awards, are presented annually by the Philippine Movie Press Club (PMPC) after a voting by members of the press.

The Philippines does not operate any independent public broadcasting television networks. However, there are several government-owned networks.
Neilson River (Bras du Nord)
The Neilson River flows into the territory of the municipality of Saint-Raymond, in the Portneuf Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of the Capitale-Nationale, in Quebec, in Canada.

The Neilson River is mainly served by the rang Saguenay road which runs on the east bank of the river.

The main economic activities in the sector are forestry and recreational tourism activities.

The surface of the North Arm (except the rapids zones) is generally frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March, but the safe circulation on the ice is generally made from the end of December to the beginning of March.

Capitale-Nationale
Capitale-Nationale (French pronunciation: [kapital nɑsjɔnal]; English: National Capital region) is one of the 17 administrative regions of Quebec. It is anchored by the provincial capital, Quebec City, and is largely coextensive with that city's metropolitan area. It has a land area of 18,684.78 km2. It reported a total resident population of 757,950 as of the 2021 Canadian census, with Quebec City having 77.7 percent of the total.

It was established in 1966 as one of the original administrative regions of Quebec. Prior to January 2000, it was known as the Québec administrative region.
Krong Pinang district
Krong Pinang (Thai: กรงปินัง, pronounced [krōŋ pī.nāŋ], Malay: Kampung Pinang, Patani Malay: کمڤوڠ ڤينڠ) is a district (amphoe) of Yala province, southern Thailand, established by the Royal Decree Establishing Amphoe Krong Pinang, Changwat Yala, BE 2547 (2004), which came into force on 8 October 2004.

Yala province
Yala (Thai: ยะลา, pronounced [já(ʔ).lāː] Malay: Jala) is the southernmost Province (changwat) of Thailand. Neighboring provinces are (from northwest clockwise) Songkhla, Pattani, and Narathiwat. Yala is one of two landlocked provinces in southern Thailand, the other being Phatthalung. Its southern part borders Kedah and Perak of Malaysia.