hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Feqiyê Teyran
Feqiyê Teyran (born Mir Mihemed, Kurdish: فەقیێ تەیران, romanized: Feqiyê Teyran "Novice of Fowls", 1590–1660) was a Kurdish poet who wrote in Kurmanji. He is best known for his work Zembîlfiroş, and is also credited for writing the first literary account of the Battle of Dimdim which took place in 1609 and 1610. He is considered a pioneer in Kurdish Sufi literature and one of the founders of the Kurdish literary tradition with Ali Hariri, Melayê Cizîrî, Mela Huseynê Bateyî and Ehmedê Xanî.

Romanization of Kurdish
The romanization of Kurdish language is the practice of transcribing the Kurdish, traditionally written in both Arabic and Latin scripts, into a standardized Latin alphabet. The development of Kurdish romanization systems supports the need for digital communication, linguistic research, and accessibility for Kurdish speakers and Kurdish speakers in diaspora communities. These systems strive to maintain phonetic precision and consistency across the diverse Kurdish dialects.
Stamford High School, Lincolnshire
Stamford High School, founded in 1877, was an independent school for girls in Stamford, Lincolnshire, England. It was a sister school to the boys' Stamford School.  In 2023, the two schools were merged to form one co-educational Stamford School.

Stamford, Lincolnshire
Stamford is a market town and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population at the 2011 census was 19,701 and estimated at 20,645 in 2019. The town has 17th- and 18th-century stone buildings, older timber-framed buildings and five medieval parish churches.

Stamford is a frequent film location. In 2013 it was rated a top place to live in a survey by The Sunday Times. Its name has been passed on to Stamford, Connecticut, founded in 1641.
NGC 3414
NGC 3414 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Leo Minor. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 11, 1785. It is the central galaxy of a rich galaxy group. Two galaxies, NGC 3418 and UGC 5958, have similar redshifts and are within 800,000 light-years (250 kiloparsecs) of NGC 3414. It is a member of the NGC 3504 Group of galaxies, which is a member of the Leo II Groups, a series of galaxies and galaxy clusters strung out from the right edge of the Virgo Supercluster.

It has a peculiar morphology, and is listed in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as Arp 162. The outer disc is nearly face-on, and the inner disk has a higher ellipticity and perhaps a central bar. There is a radio source that is powered by a central active galactic nucleus.

Galaxy cluster
A galaxy cluster, or a cluster of galaxies, is a structure that consists of anywhere from hundreds to thousands of galaxies that are bound together by gravity, with typical masses ranging from 1014 to 1015 solar masses. Clusters consist of galaxies, heated gas, and dark matter. They are the biggest known gravitationally bound structures in the universe. They were believed to be the largest known structures in the universe until the 1980s, when superclusters were discovered. Small aggregates of galaxies are referred to as galaxy groups rather than clusters of galaxies. Together, galaxy groups and clusters form superclusters.
Snow Hill Site
The Snow Hill Site is an archeological site located near Port Deposit, Cecil County, Maryland. It was the location of a free African American community, which was established in this area by the mid-19th century. It includes the remains of several structures, a foundation and wall or floorboard, two in situ cast iron stoves, and concentrations of refuse. Only the portion of the site located on the United States Naval Training Center Bainbridge property has been tested. The only remaining standing structure from the community is a two-story, two-family duplex built in the late 19th century, which is located nearby.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Cecil County, Maryland
Cecil County is located in the U.S. state of Maryland at the northeastern corner of the state, bordering both Pennsylvania and Delaware. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 103,725. The county seat is Elkton. The county is part of the Mid-Eastern Shore region of the state.

The county was named for Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), the first Proprietary Governor of the Province (colony) of Maryland. With the eastern part of the county closer to Philadelphia than Baltimore, it is part of the Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is located in Wilmington's Radio Market and Baltimore's Designated Market Area.
Easy Finder
Easy Finder (Chinese: 壹本便利) was a weekly Chinese tabloid magazine which was first published on 13 September 1991 in Hong Kong. Published by Next Media Limited which is owned by Jimmy Lai. It stopped publishing on 23 May 2007. Easy Finder was commonly known to participate in Yellow journalism (ex. hidden cameras, aggressive pursuit, harassment, etc.) in collecting story ideas.

Tabloid (newspaper format)
A tabloid is a newspaper format characterized by its compact size, smaller than a broadsheet. The term originates from the 19th century, when the London-based pharmaceutical company Burroughs Wellcome & Co. used the term to describe compressed pills, later adopted by newspapers to denote condensed content. There are two main types of tabloid newspaper: red tops and compact, distinguished by editorial style.

Red top tabloids are distinct from broadsheet newspapers, which traditionally cater to more affluent, educated audiences with in-depth reporting and analysis. However, the line between tabloids and broadsheets has blurred in recent decades, as many broadsheet newspapers have adopted tabloid or compact formats to reduce costs and attract readers.

Globally, the tabloid format has been adapted to suit regional preferences and media landscapes. In countries like Germany and Australia, tabloids such as Bild and The Daily Telegraph have significant readerships and political clout.
Zhenbaspis
Zhenbaspis is an extinct genus of redlichiid trilobite. It lived during the early part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

Redlichiida
Redlichiida is an order of trilobites, a group of extinct marine arthropods. Species assigned to the order Redlichiida are among the first trilobites to appear in the fossil record, about halfway during the Lower Cambrian. Due to the difficulty to relate sediments in different areas, there remains some discussion, but among the earliest are Fallotaspis (suborder Olenellina), and Lemdadella (suborder Redlichiina), both belonging to this order. The first representatives of the orders Corynexochida and Ptychopariida also appear very early on and may prove to be even earlier than any redlichiid species. In terms of anatomical comparison, the earliest redlichiid species are probably ancestral to all other trilobite orders and share many primitive characters. The last redlichiid trilobites died out before the end of the Middle Cambrian.
Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2020
This article documents the chronology of the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2020, which originated in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Some developments may become known or fully understood only in retrospect. Reporting on this pandemic began in December 2019.

Director-General of the World Health Organization
The director-general of the World Health Organization is the chief executive officer of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the principal advisor to the United Nations on matters pertaining to global health. The director general is elected  by and answers to the World Health Assembly (WHA). The current director-general is Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, who was appointed on 1 July 2017, and re-appointed on 24 May 2022. The director-general also leads the World Health Organization Secretariat and is also the ex officio secretary of the World Health Assembly, the World Health Organization Executive Board, and of all commissions and committees, and conferences convened by the organization.
Santoor
The Indian santoor instrument is a trapezoid-shaped hammered dulcimer, and a variation of the Iranian santur. The instrument is generally made of walnut wood and has 25 bridges. Each bridge has 4 strings, making for a total of 100 strings. It is a traditional instrument in Jammu and Kashmir, and dates back to ancient times. It was called Shatha Tantri Veena in ancient Sanskrit texts.

Trapezoid
In geometry, a trapezoid (/ˈtræpəzɔɪd/) in North American English, or trapezium (/trəˈpiːziəm/) in British English, is a quadrilateral that has at least one pair of parallel sides.

The parallel sides are called the bases of the trapezoid. The other two sides are called the legs or lateral sides. If the trapezoid is a parallelogram, then the choice of bases and legs is arbitrary.

A trapezoid is usually considered to be a convex quadrilateral in Euclidean geometry, but there are also crossed cases. If shape ABCD is a convex trapezoid, then ABDC is a crossed trapezoid. The metric formulas in this article apply in convex trapezoids.
6th Special Operations Squadron
The 6th Special Operations Squadron is part of the 27th Special Operations Wing (27 SOW) at Cannon Air Force Base, New Mexico. The squadron operates MC-130J Commando II aircraft in support of special operations. The 6th SOS specializes in the use of night vision goggles and formation tactics to refuel large helicopter and tilt-rotor formations.

The squadron was first activated in India during World War II as the 6th Fighter Squadron, Commando.  The squadron served in combat in the China-Burma-India Theater until May 1945.  It was activated again in 1962.  In 1968, the squadron deployed to Vietnam, where it again flew combat missions, earning a Presidential Unit Citation, and two Air Force Outstanding Unit Awards with Combat "V" Device before inactivating in 1969.  From 1970 to 1974, as the 6th Special Operations Training Squadron, it trained aircrews for special operations, primarily in Southeast Asia.

Aircrew
Aircrew  are personnel who operate an aircraft while in flight. The composition of a flight's crew depends on the type of aircraft, plus the flight's duration and purpose. Air crew consist of Flight Crew and Cabin Crew.
Kōji Matsushita
Kōji Matsushita (松下 浩二, Matsushita Kōji; born 1967) is a male Japanese former international table tennis player.

He won a bronze medal at the 1997 World Table Tennis Championships in the men's doubles with Hiroshi Shibutani and three years later won another bronze at the 2000 World Team Table Tennis Championships.

2000 World Team Table Tennis Championships
The 2000 World Team Table Tennis Championships were held in Kuala Lumpur from February 19 to February 26, 2000. The Team Championships were originally part of the 1999 World Championships program scheduled to be held in Belgrade, Yugoslavia but were postponed after the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia during the Kosovo War in March 1999.
Guiré
Guiré is a small town and rural commune in the Cercle of Nara in the Koulikoro Region of south-western Mali. The commune covers an area of 6,892 square kilometers and extends to the Mauritanian border. It contains 25 villages and had a population of 19,879 in the 2009 census.  The town of Guiré is 90 km southeast of Nara, the administrative centre (chef-lieu) of the cercle.

Koulikoro Region
Koulikoro Region (Bambara: ߞߎߟߌߞߏߙߏ ߘߌߣߋߖߊ tr. Kulikoro Dineja) is a region in western Mali. It is the second administrative area of Mali and covers an area of 90,120 km2. Its capital is the city of Koulikoro.
Split (sculpture)
Split is an outdoor 2003 stainless steel sculpture by Roxy Paine, installed at Olympic Sculpture Park in the neighborhood of Belltown in Seattle, Washington.

The sculpture is a life-sized steel representation of a tree without any leaves. Naturally, birds such as crows can be seen occasionally resting on the branches. It was built in a way that the two main branches diverge in direction, making it look more natural. It is approximately 15.24 m (50 ft) tall.

Crow
A crow is a bird of the genus Corvus, or more broadly, a synonym for all of Corvus. The word "crow" is used as part of the common name of many species. The related term "raven" is not linked scientifically to any certain trait but is rather a general grouping for larger-sized species of Corvus.  The collective name for a group of crows is a "murder".
Jean Baptiste Dieussart
Jean Baptiste Dieussart, also Jean Baptista Dusart (c. 1630 – after c. 1683) was a Flemish sculptor who worked in the Dutch Republic and mainly in Sweden. He mainly created lead statues of which only a few have survived to modern times.

Flemish people
Flemish people or Flemings (Dutch: Vlamingen [ˈvlaːmɪŋə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flamands) are one of three Belgian main ethnic groups native to Flanders, Belgium, who speak Flemish Dutch. Flemish people make up the majority of Belgians, at about 60%.

Flemish was historically a geographical term, as all inhabitants of the medieval County of Flanders in modern-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands were referred to as "Flemings" irrespective of their ethnicity or language. The contemporary region of Flanders comprises a part of this historical county, as well as parts of the medieval Duchy of Brabant and the medieval County of Loon, where the modern national identity and culture gradually formed.
Kabadi Kabadi (2001 film)
Kabadi Kabadi is a 2001 Indian Tamil-language romantic comedy film written by K. Bhagyaraj and directed by Pandiarajan. Produced by Poornima Bhagyaraj, the film stars Pandiarajan and Sangeetha, while Karan and Manivannan appear in supporting roles. Featuring music composed by Deva and lyrics written by Vairamuthu, the film was released on 28 September 2001. The core concept of the movie is based on the 2000 English movie Meet the Parents. The 2004 Hindi movie Mujhse Shaadi Karogi was loosely based on this movie.

Vairamuthu
Vairamuthu Ramasamy (born 13 July 1953) is an Indian lyricist, poet, and novelist working in the Tamil film industry. He is a prominent figure in the Tamil literary world. A master's graduate from the Pachaiyappa's College in Chennai, he first worked as a translator, while also being a published poet. He entered the Tamil film industry in the year 1980, with the film Nizhalgal, an Ilaiyaraaja musical, directed by Bharathiraja. During the course of his 40-year film career, he has written over 7,500 songs and poems which have won him seven National Awards, the most for any Indian lyricist. He has also been honored with a Padma Shri, a Padma Bhushan and a Sahitya Akademi Award, for his abundant literary output.
Isophote
In geometry, an isophote is a curve on an illuminated surface that connects points of equal brightness. One supposes that the illumination is done by parallel light and the brightness b is measured by the following scalar product:

where ⁠⁠ is the unit normal vector of the surface at point P and ⁠⁠ the unit vector of the light's direction. If b(P) = 0, i.e. the light is perpendicular to the surface normal, then point P is a point of the surface silhouette observed in direction ⁠⁠ Brightness 1 means that the light vector is perpendicular to the surface. A plane has no isophotes, because every point has the same brightness.

In astronomy, an isophote is a curve on a photo connecting points of equal brightness.

Unit vector
In mathematics, a unit vector in a normed vector space is a vector (often a spatial vector) of length 1. A unit vector is often denoted by a lowercase letter with a circumflex, or "hat", as in  (pronounced "v-hat"). The term normalized vector is sometimes used as a synonym for unit vector.

The normalized vector û of a non-zero vector u is the unit vector in the direction of u, i.e.,

where ‖u‖ is the norm (or length) of u and .

The proof is the following:

A unit vector is often used to represent directions, such as normal directions.
Unit vectors are often chosen to form the basis of a vector space, and every vector in the space may be written as a linear combination form of unit vectors.
Miyahara, Kumamoto
Miyahara (宮原町, Miyahara-machi) was a town located in Yatsushiro District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003 the town had an estimated population of 5,094 and a density of 515.07 persons per km2. The total area was 9.89 km2.

On October 1, 2005, Miyahara, along with the town of Ryūhoku (also from Yatsushiro District), was merged to create the town of Hikawa, as part of the "Great Heisei Merger" government initiative.

Kumamoto Prefecture
Kumamoto Prefecture (熊本県, Kumamoto-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [kɯ.ma.mo.to, -toꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyūshū. Kumamoto Prefecture has a population of 1,683,115 (as of 1 October 2025) and has a geographic area of 7,409 square kilometres (2,861 sq mi). Kumamoto Prefecture borders Fukuoka Prefecture to the north, Ōita Prefecture to the northeast, Miyazaki Prefecture to the southeast, and Kagoshima Prefecture to the south.

Kumamoto is the capital and largest city of Kumamoto Prefecture, with other major cities including Yatsushiro, Amakusa, and Tamana. Kumamoto Prefecture is located in the center of Kyūshū on the coast of the Ariake Sea, across from Nagasaki Prefecture, with the mainland separated from the East China Sea by the Amakusa Archipelago. Kumamoto Prefecture is home to Mount Aso, the largest active volcano in Japan and among the largest in the world, with its peak 1,592 metres (5,223 ft) above sea level.
NanoHUB
nanoHUB.org is a science and engineering gateway comprising community-contributed resources and geared toward education, professional networking, and interactive simulation tools for nanotechnology.  Funded by the United States National Science Foundation (NSF), it is a product of the Network for Computational Nanotechnology (NCN).
NCN supports research efforts in nanoelectronics; nanomaterials; nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS); nanofluidics; nanomedicine, nanobiology; and nanophotonics.

Nanophotonics
Nanophotonics or nano-optics is the study of the behavior of light on the nanometer scale, and of the interaction of nanometer-scale objects with light. It is a  branch of optics, optical engineering, electrical engineering, and nanotechnology. It often involves dielectric structures such as nanoantennas, or metallic components, which can transport and focus light via surface plasmon polaritons.

The term "nano-optics", just like the term "optics", usually refers to situations involving ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light (free-space wavelengths from 300 to 1200 nanometers).
1992 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1992 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship was the 82nd completed staging of the Wexford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Wexford County Board in 1889.

Buffers Alley entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final, was played on 25 October 1992 at Wexford Park, between Buffers Alley and Oulart–the Ballagh, in what was their fourth meeting in the final overall and a first meeting in three years. Buffers Alley won the match by 1–11 to 1–05 to claim their 12th championship title overall and a second title in succession.

Buffers Alley GAA
Buffers Alley is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in the villages of Kilmuckridge and Monamolin in County Wexford, Ireland. The club fields teams in Intermediate hurling, Gaelic football and camogie. It competes in Wexford competitions.
Table of Glory
Table of Glory (Chinese: 乒乓圆) is a Singaporean drama which was telecasted on Singapore's free-to-air channel, MediaCorp Channel 8. It made its debut on 1 April 2009 and ended on 28 April 2009. This drama serial consists of 20 episodes, and was broadcast every weekday at 9:00 pm.

Channel 8 (Singaporean TV channel)
Channel 8 (Chinese: 8頻道) is a Singaporean Mandarin-language free-to-air terrestrial television channel in Singapore, owned by state media conglomerate Mediacorp. The channel broadcasts general entertainment and news programming in the Mandarin language, including original and imported programming.

The channel began a series of experimental broadcasts on 31 August 1963, and officially launched on 22 November 1963. As with its sister Channel 5, the channel initially aired programming in all four of Singapore's official languages, with Channel 8 initially having a particular focus on the Chinese and Tamil communities. In 1973, this scope was formalised, with Channel 8 primarily broadcasting Chinese and Tamil-language programmes. In compliance with the government's Speak Mandarin Campaign, Chinese programming on the channel later broadcast solely in Mandarin Chinese. In 1995, Tamil programmes moved to Prime 12, with Channel 8 focusing exclusively on Mandarin programming.
Collins Aerospace cyberattack
The Collins Aerospace cyberattack is an attack on vMUSE check-in and boarding software created by Collins Aerospace. The attack affects several European airports.

Airports are connected via a platform called vMUSE, which in turn uses a dedicated VPN called ARINC AviNet. ARINC was previously an independent company, but it operated as part of Collins from 2018 until the date of the incident. According to UpGuard, a cybersecurity company, the outage across airports indicates that AviNet was compromised.

Collins Aerospace
Collins Aerospace is an American aviation and defence technology company, which is one of the world's largest suppliers of aerospace and defence products. It was formed in 2018 from the merger between Rockwell Collins and UTC Aerospace Systems. Headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina, it is a subsidiary of RTX Corporation.
Irina Mikhailovna Raievskya
Irina Mikhailovna Raievskya (Russian: Ирина Михайловна Раевская; 18 August 1892 – 22 January 1955), was a Russian and German noble. She was Duchess of Mecklenburg by her marriage to her second husband, George, Duke of Mecklenburg (German: Georg Herzog zu Mecklenburg), who was the head of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz from 1934 until his death in 1963. Irina was the great-grandmother of Sophie, Princess of Prussia, wife of Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia, current head of the House of Hohenzollern.

Sigmaringen
Sigmaringen (German pronunciation: [ˈziːkmaʁɪŋən] ⓘ; Swabian: Semmerenga) is a town in southern Germany, in the state of Baden-Württemberg. Situated on the upper Danube, it is the capital of the Sigmaringen district.

Sigmaringen is renowned for its castle, Schloss Sigmaringen, which was the seat of the principality of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen until 1850 and is still owned by the Hohenzollern family.
Coronin
Coronin is an actin binding protein which also interacts with microtubules and in some cell types is associated with phagocytosis. Coronin proteins are expressed in a large number of eukaryotic organisms from yeast to humans.

Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis (from Ancient Greek  φαγεῖν (phagein) 'to eat' and  κύτος (kytos) 'cell') is the process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle (≥ 0.5 μm), giving rise to an internal compartment called the phagosome.  It is one type of endocytosis. A cell that performs phagocytosis is called a phagocyte.

In a multicellular organism's immune system, phagocytosis is a major mechanism used to remove pathogens and cell debris. The ingested material is then digested in the phagosome. Bacteria, dead tissue cells, and small mineral particles are all examples of objects that may be phagocytized. Some protozoa use phagocytosis as means to obtain nutrients. The two main cells that do this are the Macrophages and the Neutrophils of the immune system.

Where phagocytosis is used as a means of feeding and provides the organism part or all of its nourishment, it is called phagotrophy and is distinguished from osmotrophy, which is nutrition taking place by absorption.