hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bulging factor
Bulging factor is an engineering term describing the geometry of out-of plane deformations of the surface of a crack on a pressurized fuselage structure.  It is used in evaluating the damage tolerance of airframe fuselages.

The single curved geometry and pressure differential causes a longitudinal crack to bulge out or protrude from the original shape. This change in geometry, or “bulging effect”, significantly increases the stress intensity factor at the crack tips.  The effects of this loading condition can trigger different types of failure mechanisms.

For the case of unstiffened shell structures, the bulging factor can be defined as the ratio of stress-intensity (SIF) of a curved shell to the stress-intensity factor of a flat panel:

The representation of this phenomenon becomes rather complex due to the biaxial and internal pressure load and structural configuration.

Euclidean plane
In mathematics, a Euclidean plane is a Euclidean space of dimension two, denoted  or . It is a geometric space in which two real numbers are required to determine the position of each point. It is an affine space, which includes in particular the concept of parallel lines. It has also metrical properties induced by a distance, which allows to define circles, and angle measurement.

A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian coordinate system is called a Cartesian plane.
The set  of the ordered pairs of real numbers (the real coordinate plane), equipped with the dot product, is often called the Euclidean plane or standard Euclidean plane, since every Euclidean plane is isomorphic to it.
Uttaranchal Dental and Medical Research Institute
Uttaranchal Dental and Medical Research Institute (UDMRI), is a medical and dental institute located in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. The college offers five years of Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) degree course at the undergraduate level and 3 years of Master of Dental Surgery (MDS) at the post graduate level. Affiliated to Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Uttarakhand Medical Education University the institution is approved by the Dental Council of India (DCI), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and the Government of India.

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) is a ministry of the Government of India charged with health policy in India. It is also responsible for all government programs relating to family planning in India.

The Minister of Health and Family Welfare holds cabinet rank as a member of the Council of Ministers. The current minister is  Jagat Prakash Nadda, while the current Minister of State for Health are Anupriya Patel and Prataprao Ganpatrao Jadhav.

Since 1955, the Ministry regularly publishes the Indian Pharmacopoeia through the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC), an autonomous body for setting standards for drugs, pharmaceuticals and healthcare devices and technologies in India.
Cathedral School, Townsville
The Cathedral School, Townsville, officially The Cathedral School of St Anne and St James, is an independent Anglican co-educational early learning, primary and secondary day and boarding school, located in the Townsville suburb of Mundingburra, Queensland, Australia. The incumbent principal is Mr. Luke Baills, serving in this role since February 1, 2024 after ten years as the head of Junior School.

Established in 1917, the school caters for children through early learning to Prep through to Year 12, with boarding students from Year 7 to Year 12. It is the only independent Anglican school in Townsville, becoming separately incorporated from the Anglican Diocese of North Queensland in 2000.

Year 7
Year 7 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Australia and New Zealand. It is the seventh full year (or eighth in Australia and England) of compulsory education and is roughly equivalent to grade 6 in the United States and Canada (or to grade 7 for the Australian Year 7). Children in this year are between 11 and 12.
I Do!!
"I Do!!" is the debut single of American R&B singer Toya, serving as the lead single from her debut album, Toya (2001). Produced by Antoine "Bam" Macon, "I Do!!" became a hit for Toya, reaching No. 16 on the US Billboard Hot 100, No. 12 in Australia, and No. 9 in New Zealand. Toya released only one more single, 2002's "No Matta What (Party All Night)", before being contractually released from Arista Records.

Toya (album)
Toya is the self-titled only studio album by American R&B singer Toya. It was released by Arista Records on August 7, 2001. Musically, the album is a R&B album that incorporates hip hop soul elements. Toya peaked at number 109 on the US Billboard 200.
KSAT-TV
KSAT-TV (channel 12) is a television station in San Antonio, Texas, United States, affiliated with ABC. Owned by Graham Media Group, the station maintains studios on North St. Mary's Street on the northern edge of downtown, and its transmitter is located off US Highway 181 in northwest Wilson County (northeast of Elmendorf).

Downtown San Antonio
Downtown San Antonio is the central business district of San Antonio, Texas, and the urban core of Greater San Antonio, a metropolitan area with nearly 2.5 million people.

Downtown San Antonio is encircled by 1604 and I-410 loops and three interstate freeways: I-35, I-37, and I-10. Together, the three highways create a rectangular route around the city's urban core: I-35 to the north and west, I-37 to the east, and I-10 to the south. The rectangular loop has a nine-mile circumference and is known as the "Downtown Loop" or "Central Loop", which encompasses both it and Southtown.
Kirsten Simone
Kirsten Simone (1 July 1934 – 19 December 2024) was a Danish ballerina. She studied at the Royal Danish Ballet School with Vera Volkova and joined the Royal Danish Ballet Company in 1952. She became their first soloist in 1966. She created roles in Flemming Flindt's The Three Musketeers (1966), Elsa-Marianne von Rosen's Don Juan (1967) and Harald Lander's Fête polonaise (1970). She was a guest artist with several companies including the American Ballet Theatre and London Festival Ballet. Since her retirement she taught at the Royal Danish Ballet School.

Simone stars as a mentor to a young ballerina in the 1966 film Ballerina.

She was awarded the Ingenio et Arti medal in 2001.

Simone died on 19 December 2024, at the age of 90.

Royal Danish Ballet
The Royal Danish Ballet (Danish: Den Kongelige Ballet) is an internationally renowned classical ballet company, based at the Royal Danish Theatre in Kongens Nytorv, Copenhagen, Denmark. It is one of the oldest ballet companies in the world and originates from 1748, when the Royal Danish Theatre was founded. It was finally organized in 1771 in response to the great popularity of French and Italian styles of dance. The company was founded with the opening of the Royal Danish Theatre, which has served as its home since that time. The Royal Danish Ballet school was founded in 1771 under the leadership of French ballet teacher Pierre Laurent (1730–1807), then Vincenzo Galeotti developed it and August Bournonville founded his methodology for the school.
Dusigitumab
Dusigitumab is a human monoclonal antibody designed for the treatment of cancer. It binds to IGF2. It was developed by MedImmune, which was acquired by AstraZeneca, using Xenomouse technology licensed from Abgenix. Its development has been discontinued.

Insulin-like growth factor 2
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is one of three protein hormones that share structural similarity to insulin.  The MeSH definition reads: "A well-characterized neutral peptide believed to be secreted by the liver and to circulate in the blood. It has growth-regulating, insulin-like and mitogenic activities. The growth factor has a major, but not absolute, dependence on somatotropin. It is believed to be a major fetal growth factor in contrast to insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which is a major growth factor in adults."
Tony Franklin (kicker)
Anthony Ray Franklin (born November 18, 1956) is an American former professional football player who was a kicker in the National Football League (NFL) from 1979 to 1988 for the Philadelphia Eagles, the New England Patriots, and the Miami Dolphins.  Franklin was best known for his barefoot kicking style, which led to his nickname "the Barefoot Kicker". He played college football for the Texas A&M Aggies.

Texas A&M Aggies football
The Texas A&M Aggies football program represents Texas A&M University in the sport of American football.  The Aggies compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC).  Texas A&M football claims three national titles and 18 conference titles. The team plays all home games at Kyle Field, a 102,733-person capacity outdoor stadium on the university campus.
Network video recorder
A network video recorder (NVR) is a specialized computer system that records video to a disk drive, USB flash drive,  memory card, or other mass storage device. An NVR itself contains no cameras, but connects to them through a network, typically as part of an IP video surveillance system. NVRs typically have embedded operating systems.

As a more flexible and serviceable alternative to NVRs, ordinary computers may be equipped with video management software (VMS).

NVRs differ from digital video recorders (DVRs), as an NVR's input is from a network rather than a direct connection to a video capture card or tuner. Video on a DVR is encoded and processed at the DVR, while video on an NVR is encoded and processed at the camera, then streamed to the NVR for storage or remote viewing.
Additional processing may be done at the NVR, such as further compression or tagging with metadata.

Hybrid NVR/DVR surveillance systems exist which incorporate functions of both NVR and DVR.

Metadata
Metadata (or metainformation) is data that defines and describes the characteristics of other data.  It often helps to describe, explain, locate, or otherwise make data easier to retrieve, use, or manage. For example, the title, author, and publication date of a book are metadata about the book. But, while a data asset is finite, its metadata is infinite.

As such, efforts to define, classify types, or structure metadata are expressed as examples in the context of its use. The term "metadata" has a history dating to the 1960s where it occurred in computer science and in popular culture. Different types of metadata serve different functions. For example, descriptive metadata for a document might include the author, creation date, file size and keywords.
2009 Wimbledon Championships – Ladies' invitation doubles
Jana Novotná and Kathy Rinaldi were the defending champions but did not compete together. Novotná competed with Andrea Temesvári and Rinaldi competed with Tracy Austin, but both paired were eliminated in the round robin.

Martina Navratilova and Helena Suková defeated Ilana Kloss and Rosalyn Nideffer in the final, 6-3, 6-2 to win the ladies' invitation doubles tennis title at the 2009 Wimbledon Championships.

Kathy Rinaldi
Kathy Rinaldi-Stunkel (born March 24, 1967) is an American former professional tennis player, who retired in September 1997. In her career she won three singles and two doubles titles on the WTA Tour, and reached the semifinals of the 1985 Wimbledon Championships.
S. P. Sailaja
Sripathi Panditaradhyula Sailaja is an Indian singer, voice artist and actress who had sung 10,000 songs in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam and Hindi films. She had sung most of the songs for Illayaraja, K. Chakravarthy, Ramesh Naidu, K.V. Mahadevan, Chandrabose, Shankar-Ganesh and Gangai Amaran. She had won two Nandi Awards, Filmfare South and Kalasagar awards.

Shankar–Ganesh
Shankar–Ganesh is an Indian music director duo who has worked on Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam, and Telugu movies for around 50 years. They also directed one movie Jagathalaprathapan in 1990. Despite Shankar's death, Ganesh continued using the name.
Henry Woodroffe
Henry Joseph Woodroffe  was an Anglican priest in Ireland in the second half of the 19th century.

Woodroffe was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. and ordained in 1870. After curacies in Boyle, Carrigaline and Queenstown (now called Cobh), he wheld incumbencies at Ballynoe, Aghern and Lislee. He was Archdeacon of Ross from 1883 to 1889.

Carrigaline
Carrigaline (/kærɪɡəˈlaɪn/; Irish: Carraig Uí Leighin, meaning 'rock of Ó Leighin') is a town and civil parish in County Cork, Ireland, situated on the River Owenabue. Located about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of Cork city, and with a population of 18,239 people, it is one of the largest commuter towns in the county. The R611 regional road passes through the town, and it is just off the N28 national primary route to Ringaskiddy. Carrigaline grew rapidly in the late 20th century, from a village of a few hundred people into a thriving commuter town although some locals still refer to it as "the village". The town is one of the key gateways to west Cork, especially for those who arrive by ferry from France. Carrigaline is within the Cork South-Central Dáil constituency.
Wegaf
Khutawyre Wegaf (or Ugaf) was a pharaoh of the early Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt in the late Middle Kingdom/Second Intermediate Period. He is known from several sources, including a stele and statues. In the Turin King List he is the first ruler of this dynasty with a reign of 2 regnal years.

Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt
The Thirteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty XIII) was a series of rulers from approximately 1803 BC until approximately 1649 BC, i.e. for 154 years. It is often classified as the final dynasty of the Middle Kingdom (which includes Dynasties XI, XII and XIV), but some historians instead group it in the Second Intermediate Period (with Dynasties XIV through XVII).

Dynasty XIII initially ruled from the Nile Delta to the second cataract of the Nile. However, the dynasty marked a period of decline and instability, with the Canaanite Dynasty XIV rising concurrently and the Hyksos Dynasty XV taking control shortly after.

Sekhemre Khutawy Sobekhotep is usually considered Dynasty XIII's first pharaoh, and Merneferre Ay, while not the final pharaoh, was the last to occupy the Middle Kingdom capital of Itjtawy, and the last of the dynasty with a significant recorded reign.
Shelby Money
Shelby Danielle Money (born April 22, 1997) is an American professional soccer player who most recently played as a goalkeeper for Þór/KA of the Besta deild kvenna. She played college soccer for the Rowan Profs before starting her professional career with Racing Louisville FC of the National Women’s Soccer League (NWSL).

NWSL playoffs
The National Women's Soccer League playoffs (or NWSL playoffs) are a single-elimination tournament among eight teams in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) of the United States. The final round of the playoffs is the NWSL Championship.

Since playoff games cannot end in draws, they are broken by two consecutive 15-minute extra time periods, followed by penalty shoot-outs of best-of-five rounds with additional rounds as required.
1988–89 Segunda División
The 1988–89 Segunda División season saw 20 teams participate in the second flight Spanish league. CD Castellón, Rayo Vallecano, CD Tenerife and RCD Mallorca were promoted to Primera División. Barcelona Atlètic, UD Alzira, UE Lleida and CFJ Mollerussa were relegated to Segunda División B.

UD Alzira
Unión Deportiva Alzira is a Spanish football team based in Alzira, in the autonomous community of Valencia. Founded in 1946, it plays in Segunda Federación – Group 3, holding home games at Estadio Luis Suñer Picó, with a capacity of 5,000 seats.
Martin King Whyte
Martin King Whyte (born 1942, Chinese name: 怀默霆; Huái Mòtíng) is an American sociology professor emeritus at Harvard University who is best known for his research on contemporary Chinese society in both the Mao and reform eras. He joined the Harvard Faculty in 2000.  Previously, he served on the faculties of the University of Michigan and George Washington University. Whyte completed his graduate work at Harvard in the 1960s.  Professor Whyte's primary research and teaching focuses on comparative sociology, sociology of the family, sociology of development, the sociological study of China, and the study of post-communist transitions.

History of the People's Republic of China (1949–1976)
The time period in China from the founding of the People's Republic in 1949 until Mao's death in 1976 is commonly known as Maoist China and Red China. The history of the People's Republic of China is often divided distinctly by historians into the Mao era and the post-Mao era. The country's Mao era lasted from the founding of the People's republic on October 1, 1949 to Deng Xiaoping's consolidation of power and policy reversal at the Third plenary session of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party on December 22, 1978. The Mao era focuses on Mao Zedong's social movements from the early 1950s on, including land reform, the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution. The Great Chinese Famine, one of the worst famines in human history, occurred during this era.
Fu's subcutaneous needle
Fu's Subcutaneous Needle (FSN), invented by Dr. Zhonghua Fu in 1996, is a method for the treatment of myofascial pain and trigger points related to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and invented by Dr. D. Simons and Dr. Janet G. Travell.

FSN does not follow the rules and principles of TCM and the chosen insertion points do not coincide with traditional acupuncture points. The similarities are limited to the distal insertion of the needle to the affected area, the needle itself being a non-injection needle, and the fact that both needles are manipulated and act on soft connective tissue. FSN abstains from the muscle and deep fascia layers and is confined to only the subcutaneous layer where collagen fibers are most abundant. As the subcutaneous layer is poorly innervated, pain is less than other needling therapies.

FSN is also currently being used to treat non-musculoskeletal conditions; however more research is to be carried out to conclude its effectiveness.

Fascia
A fascia (/ˈfæʃ(i)ə/; pl.: fasciae /ˈfæʃii/ or fascias; adjective fascial; from Latin  fascia 'band') is a generic term for macroscopic membranous bodily structures.: 42  Fasciae are classified as superficial, visceral or deep, and further designated according to their anatomical location.

The knowledge of fascial structures is essential in surgery, as they create borders for infectious processes (for example Psoas abscess) and haematoma. An increase in pressure may result in a compartment syndrome, where a prompt fasciotomy may be necessary. For this reason, profound descriptions of fascial structures are available in anatomical literature from the 19th century.
Bhil Mama
The Mama are a sub-division of the Bhil community found in & indigenous to the state of Rajasthan in India. They are known as Mama Bhil because they are followers of the Mama Baleshwar Dayal sect. The sect gets its name from Mama Baleshwar Dayal, who starting preaching to the Bhils of Kushalgarh tehsil of Banswara District. Their clans are referred to as ataks.

The Maman are a community of small and medium-sized farmers. Most of their settlements are exclusively Kataria, and each of them contains an informal caste association. This acts as an instrument of social control, punishing those who transgress current community norms. They are now Hindu and unlike other Bhil groups have lost their ancestral non Brahminical tribal deities. The Kataria speak the Bagri dialect of Rajasthani.

Kushalgarh
Kushalgarh is a town and municipality in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is located in the Banswara District approximately 65 km south of the city of Banswara. King Kushala Bhil was founder of Kushalgarh
Cover Up (novel)
Cover Up: Mystery at the Super Bowl is a mystery novel written by sportswriter John Feinstein. It is the third book in the sports beat series, along with Last Shot: A Final Four Mystery and Vanishing Act.

Steve Bisciotti
Stephen J. Bisciotti (Italian pronunciation: [bіˈʃɔtti]; born April 10, 1960) is an American business executive and the current majority owner of the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). He founded Aerotek, the largest privately owned staffing and recruiting company in the U.S. based in Hanover, Maryland, and co-founded Allegis Group, an international talent management firm headquartered in Hanover, Maryland, that owns Aerotek; TEKsystems; Actalent; MarketSource; Major, Lindsey & Africa; Aston Carter; and Allegis Global Solutions.
Deslandes
Deslandes is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

André-François Deslandes (1689–1757), French philosopher

Arnaud Deslandes (born 1982), French politician

Carolina Deslandes (born 1991), Portuguese singer-songwriter

Charlie Deslandes (1900–1967), Australian rules footballer

Flávio Deslandes, Brazilian industrial designer

Ghislain Deslandes (born 1970), French philosopher

Madeleine Deslandes (1866–1929), French writer

Paulin Deslandes (1806–1866), French playwright

Raymond Deslandes (1825–1890), French journalist, playwright and theatre manager

Sylvain Deslandes (born 1997), French footballer

Ghislain Deslandes
Ghislain Deslandes is a philosopher born in Angers (France) on the 16th of August 1970.

His interdisciplinary discourse spans such topics as management science, leadership studies and postmodern theology.

At ESCP Business School, he is full professor and a member of the Law, Economics and Humanities department and he is best known as the academic director of the Media programme since 1997, a pioneer in Europe in the fields of media economics and media management.

He received the EFMD-FNEGE Best Essay award in 2015 and the 1st ESCP Research award in 2019.

He is also a former program director at the Collège International de Philosophie (CIPh) and a full member of the Société Française de Philosophie.
Pretoria Heat
Pretoria Heat is a basketball team in from Pretoria, Gauteng Province, South Africa. Traditionally, the team has provided the South Africa national basketball team with several key players, including Shane Marhanele and Neo Mothiba who both played in the starting lineup at the 2011 FIBA Africa Championship in Madagascar.

AfroBasket 2011
AfroBasket 2011 was the 26th FIBA Africa Championship, played under the auspices of the Fédération Internationale de Basketball, the basketball sport governing body, and the African zone thereof. At stake is the berth allocated to Africa in the 2012 Summer Olympics basketball tournament. The tournament was scheduled to be hosted by Côte d'Ivoire, with games to be played in Abidjan. However, in 2011 Madagascar was chosen as host replacement due to a political crisis in Côte d'Ivoire.

Tunisia won the title for the first time after defeating Angola 67–56 in the final.
Grzegorz Śledziewski
Grzegorz Śledziewski (born 18 July 1950) is a Polish sprint canoeist who competed from the early 1970s to the early 1980s. He won fifteen medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with three golds (K-1 1000 m: 1971, 1975 (tied with Italy's Oreste Perri); K-2 500 m: 1974), five silvers (K-1 500 m: 1970, 1977; K-1 1000 m: 1973, 1974; K-4 1000 m: 1979), and seven bronzes (K-1 500 m: 1973, 1974, 1975; K-1 1000 m: 1970, K-1 4 x 500 m: 1974, K-4 500 m: 1978, 1979).

Śledziewski also competed in three Summer Olympics, earning his best finish of fourth in the K-4 1000 m event at Moscow in 1980.

1974 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1974 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Mexico City, Mexico in neighboring Xochimilco. This marked the first time the championships took place outside Europe. As of 2009, all championships have taken place either in Europe or North America. The lake was where the canoeing and rowing events took place for the 1968 Summer Olympics.

The men's competition consisted of six Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.

This was the eleventh championships in canoe sprint.