hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Crooks' Hollow Dam
Crooks' Hollow Dam (alternatively, Dundas Town Dam) was a buttressed gravity dam, built of concrete in 1916 on Spencer Creek in Greensville, Ontario, Canada.

About 100 yards upstream from the ruins of the much earlier Cockburn sawmill and dam, Crooks' Hollow replaced that dam in supplying water by pipe to Dundas for all uses. It also provided much greater flood control, and, more than the Cockburn dam, supplied a managed flow for water power users in the industries downstream. The Dundas Star commented on its completion: "... an excellent piece of work. It is now hoped there will be no further difficulty about securing an adequate water supply for many years to come." The dam was demolished in early 2013.

Greensville, Ontario
Greensville is a community in Flamborough, Hamilton in the Canadian province of Ontario.

Hamilton Conservation Authority attractions Webster's Falls and Tew's Falls are in Greensville.

Well-known Canadian philanthropist and Hamilton Sports Hall of Fame  member, Charles Juravinski and his wife Margaret are Greensville residents.

Jamaican Canadian billionaire Michael Lee-Chin was also at one time a Greensville Resident.
Primordial cyst
A primordial cyst is a developmental odontogenic cyst. It is found in an area where a tooth should have formed but is missing. Primordial cysts most commonly arise in the area of mandibular third molars. Under microscopes, the cyst looks like an odontogenic keratocyst (also called a Keratocyst odontogenic tumor) whereby the lesions displays a parakeratinized epithelium with palisading basal epithelial cells.

The term "Primordial cyst" is considered an outdated term and should be avoided. Most "primordial cysts" are actually Keratocyst odontogenic tumors (KOT's).

Palisade (pathology)
In histopathology, a palisade is a single layer of relatively long cells, arranged loosely perpendicular to a surface and parallel to each other.  A rosette is a palisade in a halo or spoke-and-wheel arrangement, surrounding a central core or hub.  A pseudorosette is a perivascular radial arrangement of neoplastic cells around a small blood vessel. Rosettes are characteristic of tumors.
Lilia Shibanova
Lilia Vasilevna Shibanova (Russian: Лилия Васильевна Шибанова) is a Russian activist and is the head of the independent election monitoring group Golos. She was awarded the Andrei Sakharov Freedom Award.

On 12 May 2016 Lilia was arrested by Belarusian border guards, while she was on her way to Moscow.

In June 2013 Golos' activities was banned for six months.

The Russian news agency Itar- Tass reported that On 14 June 2013, Golos would  file a complain to the European Court of Human Rights against branding it as a foreign agent. Earlier on 2  December 2011 Russian prosecutor in Moscow accused Golos of violating election regulations.

On 8 September 2014, Moscow City Court rejected a decision made by the government to consider Golos as a “foreign agent”.

Belarusians
Belarusians (Belarusian: беларусы, romanized: biełarusy [bʲeɫaˈrusɨ]) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Belarus. They natively speak Belarusian, an East Slavic language. More than 9 million people proclaim Belarusian ethnicity worldwide. Nearly 7.99 million Belarusians reside in Belarus, with the United States and Russia being home to more than 500,000 Belarusians each. The majority of Belarusians adhere to Eastern Orthodoxy.
John Ormsby (negotiator)
John Ormsby (6 November 1854 – 11 June 1927), also known under his Māori name Hone Omipi, was a negotiator for the Ngāti Maniapoto iwi, a local politician, farmer, and businessman.

He first stood for the Western Maori electorate in the 1887, when he came fourth out of five candidates. He was one of 13 candidates who contested the Western Maori electorate in the 1896 election.

1887 New Zealand general election
The 1887 New Zealand general election was held on 26 September to elect 95 MPs to the tenth session of the New Zealand Parliament. The Māori vote was held on 7 September.    175,410 votes (67.1% turnout) were cast. In 5 seats there was only one candidate.
Georgy Prokopenko
Georgy Yakovlevich Prokopenko (Russian: Георгий Яковлевич Прокопенко, Ukrainian: Георгій Якович Прокопенко; 21 February 1937 – 5 May 2021) was a Soviet swimmer who competed at the 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympics. In 1964 he won a silver medal in the 200 m breaststroke and finished fourth in the 4 × 100 m medley relay. He won three European titles in these events in 1962 and 1966, and set two world records in the 100 m breaststroke in 1964. Between 1962 and 1964 he also set eight European records in the 4 × 100 m medley relay and in the 100 m and 200 m breaststroke disciplines.

Prokopenko was born on 21 February 1937 in Kobeliaky, Poltava Oblast, then part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, in the Soviet Union. He died on 5 May 2021 at the age of 84.

World record progression 100 metres breaststroke
This is a listing of the history of the World Record in the 100 breaststroke swimming event.

The first world record in long course (50 metres) swimming was recognized by the International Swimming Federation (FINA) in 1961, while the women's world record times were officially acknowledged in 1958. In the short course (25 metres) swimming events the world's governing body has recognized world records since 3 March 1991.
Armenian written works of the Middle Ages
This is a list of written works in the Armenian language during the Middle Ages (5th-15th centuries). Works in the Armenian language began appearing in the 5th century, following the invention of the Armenian alphabet. Many early surviving fragments and manuscripts are in Mekhitarist monasteries in Venice, Italy and Vienna, Austria. Some manuscripts are in Bzommar, Lebanon and in Jerusalem, Israel.

Mekhitarists
The Mechitarists, officially the Benedictine Congregation of the Mechitarists (Latin: Benedictina Congregatio Mechitarista), is an Armenian Catholic monastic order founded in 1701 by Mekhitar of Sebaste. Members use the postnominal abbreviation CAM.

The order is best known for their series of scholarly publications of ancient Armenian versions of otherwise lost ancient Greek texts and their research on classical and modern Armenian language. They follow the Rule of Saint Benedict.

The congregation was long divided into two branches, with the respective motherhouses being in Venice and Vienna. In July 2000 they united to form one institute.
Yangpu, Shanghai
Yangpu (Chinese: 杨浦区) is one of the 16 districts of Shanghai. It is located in the northeastern part of downtown Shanghai, bordering the Huangpu River on the east and south, Hongkou on the west, and Baoshan on the north. The southern part of Yangpu District is 4 km (2.5 mi) away from The Bund, a major tourist attraction. It is predominantly composed of residential communities, with a total area of 60.61 km2 (23.40 sq mi) and a population of 1,242,548 as of 2020. The district administers 12 subdistricts.

The Bund
The Bund is a waterfront area and a protected historical district in central Shanghai. The area centers on a section of Zhongshan Road (East Zhongshan Road No.1) within the former Shanghai International Settlement, which runs along the western bank of the Huangpu River in the eastern part of Huangpu. The area along the river faces the modern skyscrapers of Lujiazui in Pudong. The Bund usually refers to the buildings and wharves on this section of the road, as well as some adjacent areas. This region has a significant European influence, with the style of many structures most comparable to that of European cities, particularly Gothic, Baroque, Neoclassical, Romanesque, Art Deco, and Renaissance architecture. Additionally, some of the city's top eateries are located there. From the 1860s to the 1930s, it was the rich and powerful center of the foreign establishment in Shanghai, operating as a legally protected treaty port.
Framlingham
Framlingham is a market town and civil parish  in Suffolk, England. 
Of Anglo-Saxon origin, it appears in the 1086 Domesday Book and was part of Loes Hundred. The parish had a population of 3,342 at the 2011 census and an estimated 4,016 in 2019. Nearby villages include Earl Soham, Kettleburgh, Parham, Saxtead and Sweffling.

Loes Hundred
Loes was a hundred of Suffolk, with an area of 31,321 acres (126.75 km2).

Loes Hundred was long and thin in shape, around 15 miles (24 km) long and between 2 and 6 miles (9.7 km) wide. It followed the course of the River Deben from Cretingham to Ufford where it crossed Wilford Hundred to Woodbridge where it widened considerably. The town and port of Woodbridge fell within the hundred but was detached from the main part by about three miles (5 km). Loes was bounded on the east by Plomesgate Hundred, on the north by Hoxne Hundred, and on the west and south west by Thredling, Carlford and Wilford Hundreds.  It was one of seven Saxon hundreds grouped together as the Wicklaw Hundreds.

The area is a picturesque district of hill and valley watered by the Deben, the River Ore and their tributary streams, and the loamy soil is well suited to barley, wheat and beans.

Listed as Losa in the Domesday Book, the name "Loes" probably indicates that it was originally owned by a man named Hlossa.
Lainingthou Sanamahi Kiyong
The Lainingthou Sanamahi Kiyong (Meitei for 'Lainingthou Sanamahi Shrine'), officially known as the Laiyingthou Sanamahi Kiyong (Meitei for 'Laiyingthou Sanamahi Shrine'), is a temple of God Lainingthou Sanamahi of Meitei religion (Sanamahism), built on the Nongmaiching mountain (Selloi Langmai mountain) in the Imphal East district of Kangleipak (Meitei for 'Manipur'). It is a center of the Sanamahism followers in Manipur.
It is the central body of the "Sanamahi Lainingkol" (University of Sanamahi Culture) at Chingoi Maru Langmaiching (Nongmaiching).

The Sanamahi Kiyong is a religious destination and a pilgrimage site for the Meitei people, even for those living outside Manipur in other Northeast Indian states and also for the Kabui people and the Zeliangrong people living in Manipur, Assam and Tripura inside India as well as in Myanmar and Bangladesh.

Zeliangrong
The Zeliangrong people are one of the major indigenous Naga communities living in the tri-junction of Assam, Manipur and Nagaland in India. They are the descendants of
Nguiba. The term "Zeliangrong" refers to the Zeme, Liangmai and Rongmei kindred tribes combined. The term also covered the Inpui tribe. The descendants of Nguiba of Makuiluangdi were divided and were made peripheral appendages to three political entities - Nagaland, Manipur and the Dima Hasao (N.C. Hill district) of Assam. The Zeliangrong may be classified as an ethno-cultural entity. The Zeliangrong belong to the larger Southern Mongoloid population and their language belongs to the Sino-Tibetan family of languages.
Bowman–Heidenhain hypothesis
The Bowman–Heidenhain hypothesis is an early explanation of renal function and urinary secretion.

The hypothesis states that the kidney is first and foremost a secreting gland. According to the theory, glomeruli are merely filters, while the tubules are the true secretory structures. To prove his hypothesis, Rudolph Heidenhain injected methylene blue into an animal's bloodstream, which soon appeared in the urine. More evident proof of this theory is that when the tubules are destroyed, urine becomes watery and urea and other toxic products remain in the blood.

This theory was later merged with the Ludwig theory to form the modern theory.

Methylene blue
Methylthioninium chloride, commonly called methylene blue, is a salt used as a dye and as a medication. As a medication, it is mainly used to treat methemoglobinemia. It has previously been used for treating cyanide poisoning and urinary tract infections, but this use is no longer recommended.  It has also been used to treat cases of malaria for over a century.

Methylene blue is typically given by injection into a vein. Common side effects include headache, nausea, and vomiting.

Methylene blue was first prepared in 1876, by Heinrich Caro. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

In recent years, methylene blue has been promoted for various health effects, but outside its established medical use, its safety and effectiveness are unproven; it is potentially toxic and should only be used under a doctor's prescription.
John Gaines Miller
John Gaines Miller (November 29, 1812 – May 11, 1856) was a U.S. representative from Missouri.

Born in Danville, Kentucky, Miller attended the common schools and was graduated from Centre College in Danville.
He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1834.
He moved to Boonville, Missouri, in 1835.
He served as a member of the state house of representatives in 1840.

Miller was elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses and reelected as an Opposition Party candidate to the Thirty-fourth Congress, and served from March 4, 1851, until his death near Marshall, Missouri, May 11, 1856.
He was interred in Mount Olive Cemetery, near Marshall, Missouri.

Danville, Kentucky
Danville is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Boyle County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 17,236 at the 2020 census. Danville is the principal city of the Danville Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of the Boyle and Lincoln counties. In 2001, Danville received a Great American Main Street Award from the National Trust for Historic Preservation. In 2011, Money magazine placed Danville as the fourth-best place to retire in the United States. Centre College in Danville was selected to host U.S. vice-presidential debates in 2000 and 2012.
LA-21 Poonch & Sudhnoti-IV
LA-21 Poonch & Sudhnoti-IV is a constituency of the Azad Kashmir Legislative Assembly which is currently represented by Hassan Ibrahim Khan of the Jammu Kashmir Peoples Party (JKPP). It covers half of the area of Rawalakot Tehsil in Poonch District.

Jammu Kashmir Peoples Party
Jammu Kashmir Peoples Party (JKPP) is a political party of the self-governing state, Azad Kashmir located in Pakistan administered Kashmir which aims to give the democratic rights to the Kashmiris over their homeland and believes in more Self determination rights of Jammu and Kashmir.

The region is divided amongst three countries in a territorial dispute: Pakistan controls the northwest portion (Northern Areas and Kashmir), India controls the central and southern portion (Jammu and Kashmir) and Ladakh, and the People's Republic of China controls the northeastern portion (Aksai Chin and the Trans-Karakoram Tract). The main center of politics of the JKPP is Azad Kashmir.
Phil Byrne (hurler)
Phillip Byrne (10 April 1874 – 12 January 1946) was an Irish hurler who played for the Tipperary senior team.

Byrne made his first appearance for the team during the 1895 championship and was a regular member of the starting fifteen at various times until his retirement after the 1904 championship. During that time he won four All-Ireland medals and four Munster medals.

At club level Byrne played with both Clonoulty–Rossmore and Boherlahan–Dualla.

1904 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship 1904 was the 18th series of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition.  Kilkenny won the championship, beating Cork 1–9 to 1–8 in the final.
7th Signal Regiment (Australia)
The 7th Signal Regiment is an Australian Army signals intelligence (SIGINT) unit. Drawing lineage from the Australian Special Wireless Group (ASWG), which was raised during World War II, the regiment's history includes service in the Allied campaigns in Greece, on Crete and in Syria before taking part in the fighting against the Japanese in New Guinea. After the war, the ASWG was redesignated the 101 Wireless Regiment, deploying detachments overseas during the Malayan Emergency and Confrontation. In the mid-1960s, the unit became the 7th Signals Regiment, taking part in the Vietnam War. The unit is currently part of the 1st Division.

Signals intelligence
Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is the act and field of intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication (electronic intelligence—abbreviated to ELINT). As classified and sensitive information is usually encrypted, signals intelligence may necessarily involve cryptanalysis (to decipher the messages). Traffic analysis—the study of who is signaling to whom and in what quantity—is also used to integrate information, and it may complement cryptanalysis.
Șimon
The Șimon (in its upper course also: Gaura) is a right tributary of the river Turcu in Romania. Its source is in the Bucegi Mountains. It flows into the Turcu in Bran. Its length is 15 km (9.3 mi) and its basin size is 38 km2 (15 sq mi).

Bran, Brașov
Bran (German: Törzburg; Hungarian: Törcsvár) is a commune in Brașov County, Transylvania, Romania. It is about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of the city of Brașov and consists of five villages: Bran, Poarta, Predeluț, Șimon, and Sohodol.

The medieval Bran Castle is a popular tourist destination, partly because it has been promoted by the Romanian tourism industry as having been the home of Dracula in Bram Stoker's novel of the same name. The castle has been listed as one of the Seven Wonders of Romania.
Kevin Stuart
Kevin Charles Stuart (19 September 1928 – 12 April 2005) was a New Zealand rugby union player who represented the All Blacks in 1955. His position of choice was fullback.

Although born in Dunedin, Stuart was educated at St Bede's College, Christchurch where he was a member of the 1st XV between 1944 and 1946. He died in April 2005, and was buried at Havelock North Cemetery.

St Bede's College, Christchurch
St. Bede's College is an integrated Roman Catholic day and boarding school in Christchurch, New Zealand, for boys aged 12 (Year 9) to 18 (Year 13). St. Bede's is the oldest Roman Catholic Boys' College in New Zealand's South Island. It is also the only Catholic day and boarding college for boys in New Zealand's South Island. Students at St Bede's are colloquially known as Bedeans. St Bede's College was founded in 1911 by the Marists, a religious congregation founded in Lyon, France, in 1816.
Dick Guesman
Richard Eugene Guesman (Pronounced: GOOS-mun) (January 22, 1938 – September 12, 2006) was an American professional football player who was a defensive lineman for the New York Jets and Denver Broncos.

After retirement, he resided in Roswell, Georgia (north of Atlanta), where he died on September 12, 2006.

Roswell, Georgia
Roswell is a city in northern Fulton County, Georgia, United States. At the official 2020 census, the city had a population of 92,883, making Roswell the state's ninth largest city. A suburb of Atlanta, Roswell has an affluent National Register Historic District.
Huneeus
Huneeus is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cristián Huneeus (1935–1985), Chilean essayist and writer

Pablo Huneeus (born 1940), Chilean writer and social critic

Carlos Huneeus (born 1947), Chilean political scientist and diplomat

Carlos Huneeus
Carlos Huneeus Madge (born 1947, in Santiago, Chile) is a Chilean university professor and diplomat. He is since August 2003 professor in Instituto de Estudios Internacionales in the University of Chile and the general director of Instituto de Sondeo de Opinión in Centro de Estudios de la Realidad Contemporánea.
Colby James West
Colby James West (born 1985) is an American freestyle skier from Canterbury, New Hampshire. A late starter in skiing, Colby took up freestyle skiing when he was 23 years old and broke into the competitive scene with a podium finish in slope style at Winter X Games XII. West is a three time Winter X Games bronze medalist. Colby has filmed many segments for Matchstick Productions.

Colby is well known for his humorous internet videos such as the music video "My Friend's A Pro". Colby was featured on a television commercial for Worx Energy Drinks.

Winter X Games XII
Winter X Games XII were held from January 24 to January 27, 2008, in Aspen, Colorado. They were the 7th consecutive Winter X Games to be held in Aspen. Television coverage of Winter X Games XII was broadcast on ESPN and ABC, primarily hosted by Sal Masekela and Todd Harris. Final attendance for the four-day event was 72,500.
Gilles Mathieu
Gilles Mathieu (born 23 August 1950), better known as "Trooper", is a Canadian outlaw biker and gangster who served as the secretary to the elite Nomad chapter of the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club in Quebec from 1995 to his arrest in 2001.

Outlaw motorcycle club
An outlaw motorcycle club, known colloquially as a biker club or bikie club (in Australia), is a motorcycle subculture generally centered on the use of cruiser motorcycles, particularly Harley-Davidsons and choppers, and a set of ideals that purport to celebrate freedom, nonconformity to mainstream culture and loyalty to the biker group. The subculture emerged in the United States in the late 1940s and has since spread globally.

In the United States, such motorcycle clubs (MCs) are considered "outlaw" not necessarily because they engage in criminal activity but because they are not sanctioned by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) and do not adhere to the AMA's rules. Instead, the clubs have bylaws reflecting the outlaw biker culture.

The U.S. Department of Justice defines "outlaw motorcycle gangs" (OMG) as "organizations whose members use their motorcycle clubs as conduits for criminal enterprises".
Bombil and Beatrice
Bombil & Beatrice is an Indian English language romantic thriller film directed by Kaizad Gustad. Presented by Medient in association with Crossover Joint Ventures & Quest Films Limited, the film stars Katie McGuinness, Prashant Narayanan and Piyush Mishra in lead roles. The film was released at the Cannes film festival in 2007.

Medient Studios
Mediente Films International Pvt Ltd. is an Indian film entertainment production company founded by film producer Manu Kumaran, a second-generation filmmaker and son of national award-winning filmmaker K. P. Kumaran. Known for making entertaining and socially relevant films in multiple languages for audiences around the globe, Mediente has produced Indie
films like Yellow, directed by Nick Cassavetes (starring Sienna Miller, Ray Liotta), Aakasha Gopuram (Mohanlal, Nithya Menen) and controversial films like Battle for Banaras, a documentary on Narendra Modi’s Banaras elections that has been banned by the Indian censor board and Mr. Singh Mrs. Mehta which got stuck as well at the censor board due to nudity.
Bombay Clipper
Bombay Clipper is a 1942 aviation drama film directed by John Rawlins and starring William Gargan  and  Irene Hervey. The film features Maria Montez in an early role. Turhan Bey also appears.

The film was based on the exploits of oceanic flyers, flying for Pan American World Airways.

John Rawlins (director)
John Rawlins (June 9, 1902 – May 20, 1997) was an American film editor and director. He directed 44 films between 1932 and 1958. He was born in Long Beach, California and died in Arcadia, California.

According to one obituary, he was "a prime exponent of that style, being a master of swift exposition and fast action. His no-nonsense approach also made him a fine serial director, and when given the chance of a top-budget adventure film he gave his studio one of its biggest hits in Arabian Nights." Another said he "was a prime example of a no-frills director of Bs, who got his job done quickly, competently and cheaply."