hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Garhwal Lok Sabha constituency
Garhwal Lok Sabha constituency is one of the five Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Uttarakhand. This constituency came into existence in 1957, following the delimitation of Lok Sabha constituencies. It comprises five districts namely Chamoli, Nainital (part), Pauri Garhwal, Rudraprayag and Tehri Garhwal (part).

Pauri Garhwal district
Pauri Garhwal district is a district in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. Its headquarters is in the town of Pauri. It is sometimes referred to simply as Garhwal district, though it should not be confused with the larger Garhwal region of which it is only a part of.
Juhannusjuusto
Juhannusjuusto or makiajuusto (lit. Midsummer cheese or sweet cheese) is an Ostrobothnian dish which is also called red whey and cheese soup. Like the name suggests it is eaten during Midsummer and more widely in the summer season.

The sweet cheese floating in the red whey is eaten as a dessert, usually cold. Sugar can be added according to one's taste. Full-fat milk and rennet are used as ingredients. The cheese takes multiple hours to prepare, thus being mainly served only on special occasions.

Ostrobothnia (historical province)
Ostrobothnia (Swedish: Österbotten; Finnish: Pohjanmaa) is a historical province comprising a large portion of western and northern Finland. Before the Treaty of Fredrikshamn in 1809, Ostrobothnia was part of Sweden. It is bounded by Karelia, Savo, Tavastia (Häme) and Satakunta in the south, the Bothnian Sea, Bothnian Bay and Swedish Norrbotten in the west, Lapland in the north and Russia in the east.
Col de Jaman
The Col de Jaman (1,512 m) is a mountain pass in the western Swiss Alps, connecting Montreux in the canton of Vaud to Montbovon in the canton of Fribourg. The pass itself, overlooked by the Dent de Jaman, is located within the canton of Vaud, the border with the canton of Fribourg running one kilometre east.

The pass is connected to Les Avants by a paved road. A railway tunnel (Montreux–Lenk im Simmental line) runs below the pass.

Canton of Fribourg
The canton of Fribourg, also canton of Freiburg, is located in western Switzerland. The canton is bilingual, with French spoken by more than two thirds of the citizens and German by a little more than a quarter. Both are official languages in the canton. The canton takes its name from its capital city of Fribourg.
United States v. Gettysburg Electric Railway Co.
United States v. Gettysburg Electric Ry. Co., 160 U.S. 668 (1896), was a case to prevent trolley operations on the Gettysburg Battlefield.  The dispute began in August 1891 when the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association's board approved attorney Samuel Swope's motion to deny trolley right-of-way along GBMA roads.  Despite the 1896 US Supreme Court ruling that the railway could be seized for historic preservation, as well as earlier legislative efforts to appropriate federal acquisition funds, create a War Department commission, and form the Gettysburg National Military Park; the trolley continued operations until obsolete in 1916.

Historic preservation
Historic preservation (US), built heritage preservation or built heritage conservation (UK) is an endeavor that seeks to preserve, conserve and protect buildings, objects, landscapes or other artifacts of historical significance. It is a philosophical concept that became popular in the twentieth century, which maintains that cities as products of centuries' development should be obligated to protect their patrimonial legacy. The term refers specifically to the preservation of the built environment, and not to preservation of, for example, primeval forests or wilderness.
Arkansas Sports Hall of Fame
The Arkansas Sports Hall of Fame is the hall of fame and museum for sports in Arkansas, United States. The Hall of Fame inducted its first class in 1959. The Hall's museum is located on the west end of the Simmons Bank Arena in North Little Rock, Arkansas.

The Hall showcases men, women and teams from a variety of sports ranging from football to fishing and includes inductees from each of the 75 counties in Arkansas.

Simmons Bank Arena
Simmons Bank Arena (previously Verizon Arena and Alltel Arena) is an 18,000-seat multi-purpose arena in North Little Rock, Arkansas, directly across the Arkansas River from downtown Little Rock. Opened in October 1999, it is the main entertainment venue serving Central Arkansas.

The Little Rock Trojans, representing the University of Arkansas at Little Rock in NCAA Division I sports, played home basketball games at the arena from the time the arena opened until the team moved in 2005 to a new arena, the Jack Stephens Center, on the school's campus in Little Rock. The Arkansas RiverBlades, a defunct ice hockey team of the ECHL; the Arkansas RimRockers, a defunct minor league basketball team of the NBA Development League; and the Arkansas Twisters, a defunct af2 team, also played at the arena. The arena is also used for concerts, rodeos, auto racing, professional wrestling, and trade shows and conventions.
Tshukudu Private Game Reserve
Tshukudu Private Game Reserve is situated next to Kruger National Park near Hoedspruit in Limpopo province, South Africa. The name "Tshukudu" means "rhino" in Sotho. Tshukudu has been a family owned reserve since 1980.

Rhinoceros in the game reserve are dehorned to prevent poaching.

Kruger National Park
Kruger National Park (Afrikaans: [ˈkry.(j)ər]) is a national park in South Africa covering an area of 19,623 km2 (7,576 sq mi) in the provinces of Limpopo and Mpumalanga in the country's northeast. It extends 360 km (220 mi) from north to south and 65 km (40 mi) from east to west. The administrative headquarters are in Skukuza. Areas of the park were first protected by the government of the South African Republic in 1898, and it became South Africa's first national park in 1926. It is part of Kruger to Canyons Biosphere, an area designated as a biosphere reserve.

The founder of Kruger National Park is considered to be President Paul Kruger.

The Kruger National Park is a major tourist attraction. In 2024 close to 2 million people visited the park.
NSB Class 67
NSB Class 67 is a three-car electric multiple unit operated by the Norwegian State Railways between 1953 and 1995. It was mainly used for local trains as well as branch lines. A total of 18 3-car units were delivered between 1953 and 1955. The motor cars were built by Norsk Elektrisk & Brown Boveri and Skabo while the centre cars were built by Strømmen and the end cars by Skabo.

Norsk Elektrisk & Brown Boveri
Norsk Elektrisk & Brown Boveri A/S also known as NEBB was a Norwegian manufacturing company, which built a lot of the rolling stock that is used by Norges Statsbaner. The plant was located at Skøyen. In 1988, it merged into Asea Brown Boveri (ABB).
Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council elections
Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council is the local authority for the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley in South Yorkshire, England. One third of the council is elected each year, except for every fourth year when there is no election. Since the last boundary changes in 2004, councillors are elected from 21 wards.

Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council
Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council is the local authority of the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley in South Yorkshire, England. It is a metropolitan borough council and provides the majority of local government services in the borough. The council is a member of the South Yorkshire Mayoral Combined Authority.

The council has been under Labour majority control since the modern borough was created in 1974. Council meetings are held at Barnsley Town Hall, and the council's main offices are in the adjoining Westgate Plaza One building.
Eken
Eken is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bülent Eken (1923–2016), Turkish footballer and manager

Kent Eken (born 1963), American politician

Korkut Eken (born 1945), Turkish security officer

Reha Eken (1925–2013), Turkish footballer and manager

Tompa Eken (born 1950), Swedish musician

Willis Eken (1931–2010), American politician

Bülent Eken
Bülent Eken (26 October 1923 – 25 July 2016) was a Turkish footballer and coach. After his club career he became a manager and served as a coach for several Turkish clubs, and also for Turkish national football team.
Greater La Plata
Gran La Plata (Greater La Plata) is an urban agglomeration formed around the city of La Plata, in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It includes the La Plata, Berisso and Ensenada partidos (departments).

Ensenada Partido
Ensenada Partido (Spanish pronunciation: [enseˈnaða]) is a district (a "partido") of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, belonging to the Greater La Plata area, just south of the Gran Buenos Aires urban conglomerate.

The provincial district has a population of about 51,448 inhabitants in an area of only 135 km2 (52 sq mi); its capital city is Ensenada, 27 km (17 mi) from Buenos Aires and 5 km (3.1 mi) from La Plata.
Yusuf Mahbubul Islam
Yusuf Mahbubul Islam is a Bangladeshi academic. He is the vice-chancellor of Southeast University. He is the former vice-chancellor of Daffodil International University (DIU) and the founding vice-chancellor of Metropolitan University, Sylhet (MU). He was formerly the dean of the School of Engineering, Technology and Sciences (SETS) at Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB) and a professor of computer science and engineering at Open University Malaysia (OPM) and BRAC University.

Independent University, Bangladesh
Independent University, Bangladesh (Bengali: ইন্ডিপেন্ডেন্ট বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়, more commonly known as IUB) is a private research university in Bangladesh. It is located in Bashundhara of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Founded in 1993 under the Private University Act, 1992. The university awards bachelor's degrees and master's degrees in a wide variety of subjects within business, humanities, social sciences, information technology, engineering, medicine and space and astronomy.

The university has over 19,000 students, both national and international, and is one of Bangladesh's top private universities. It is the first university in Bangladesh to launch deep-sky imaging telescopes.
Battle of Baghdad (946)
The Battle of Baghdad was fought between the forces of the Buyid Emirate of Iraq under Mu'izz al-Dawla and the Hamdanid Emirate of Mosul under Nasir al-Dawla within the city of Baghdad. The battle lasted for several months; it eventually ended in victory for the Buyids, who expelled the Hamdanids from Baghdad with a major offensive and secured control of the city.

The battle was the first conflict in the Buyid–Hamdanid wars; it was also the only conflict to occur largely in Buyid, rather than Hamdanid, territory.

Hamdanid dynasty
The Hamdanid dynasty (Arabic: الحمدانيون, romanized: al-Ḥamdāniyyūn) was a Shia Muslim Arab dynasty  that ruled modern day Northern Mesopotamia and Syria (890–1004). They descended from the ancient Banu Taghlib tribe of Mesopotamia and Arabia.
Hegna
Hegna is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bent Hegna (born 1959), Norwegian politician

Collin Hegna, American musician, composer, and recording engineer

Trond Hegna (1898–1992), Norwegian author, journalist, and editor

Bent Hegna
Bent Hegna (born 10 June 1959 in Oslo) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Telemark in 1993, and was re-elected on one occasion.

On the local level Hegna was a member of Porsgrunn city council from 1991 to 1993.
2015 Nanjing Ladies Open – Doubles
Misaki Doi and Xu Yifan were the defending champions of 2013, the tournament was not held in 2014. Doi chose not to participate. Xu partnered Wang Yafan, but lost in the quarterfinals to Yang Zhaoxuan and Zhang Yuxuan.

Japanese-duo Shuko Aoyama and Eri Hozumi won the title, defeating Chan Chin-wei and Zhang Kailin in the final, 7–5, 6–7(7–9), [10–7].

Yang Zhaoxuan
Yang Zhaoxuan (Chinese: 杨钊煊; pinyin: Yáng Zhāoxuān; Mandarin pronunciation: [jǎŋ ʈʂáʊ ɕɥɛ́n]; born 11 February 1995) is a Chinese tennis player.
She reached her career-high WTA doubles ranking of No. 9 on 30 January 2023.

Yang has won seven doubles titles on the WTA Tour and one WTA Challenger doubles title. In September 2015, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 151. In addition, she has won three singles and twelve doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.
Villaldama, Nuevo León
Villaldama is a municipality in the state of Nuevo Leon, Mexico extending over 870.5 km2 (336.1 sq mi). Ciudad Villaldama is its principal town and seat of government.  It is located in the northern part of the state, coordinates 26° 30' N  and 100° 25' W, with an elevation of 420 m above sea level. It limits to the north with the municipality of Lampazos de Naranjo and to the south with Salinas Victoria; to the east with Sabinas Hidalgo and the west with Bustamante. It is located approximately 96 km from Monterrey, the state capital.
Villaldama is a town in Mexico, located in Nuevo León. The locality had its maximum development when its name was Real of Mines of San Pedro Mouth of Lions, during the mining splendor of the New Kingdom of Leon towards 1690, its current name is due to the hero of the Independence of Mexico: Juan Aldama, and it changed in the year 1812.

Lampazos, Nuevo León
Lampazos de Naranjo is a city and municipality located in Nuevo León, Mexico. Its name is composed of two parts: the first honors the local plant Xanthosoma robustum, called lampazos in Spanish; the second, de Naranjo,  means "of General Naranjo" (a customary feature in Latin American names). According to the 2020 INEGI census, the municipality had 5,351 inhabitants.
Murder of Abdulrahman Nafisi and his family
Murder at Hamedan's Bank Keshavarzi Iran occurred on 11 February 1990 in the basement of the central branch of Bank Keshavarzi Iran in Hamedan, located close to Avicenna Mausoleum which is called Meydan-e-Aramgah (Persian: میدان آرامگاه). In this incident, the bank manager, his wife and two children, and the bank guard were killed during the robbery. With the extensive efforts of the officers, three robbers, one of whom was a dismissed employee of the same bank, were arrested and confessed to the crime. An extraordinary court was formed for this case and a verdict was issued based on Iran's law. The convicts were executed only four days after the crime. According to the prosecutor, this crime, in terms of the depth of the tragedy, the speed of the investigation, and the punishment, was considered rare or unprecedented in the History of the judicial system of Iran until that time.

Extraordinary court
An extraordinary court, or special court, is a type of court that is established outside of ordinary judiciary, composed of irregularly selected judges or applying irregular procedure for judgment. Since extraordinary courts can be abused to infringe fundamental rights of individuals, most modern countries ban such courts by constitution or statutes. Usually, modern military courts judged by courts-martial are regarded as examples of extraordinary courts.
CMX (comics)
CMX was an imprint of DC Comics, a division of Warner Bros. Entertainment. It was DC's line of manga translations.  CMX was known for its censored release of Tenjho Tenge and the print version of Fred Gallagher's Megatokyo web manga series.

Imprint (trade name)
An imprint of a publisher is a trade name under which it publishes a work. A single publishing company may have multiple imprints, often using the different names as brands to market works to various demographic consumer segments.
Klimonas
Klimonas is an archaeological site dating to the 9th millennium BC. Discovered in Cyprus at Ayios Tychonas in the Limassol District, Klimonas is the oldest known farming village in the world. The main part of the site is a subterranean circular building approximately ten metres (~40 feet) in diameter similar to communal buildings in other nearby sites.

Wild boar was hunted and cereals were obtained from the Levant, as well as cats and  domesticated dogs. The dogs were used for hunting the boar.

Agios Tychonas
Agios Tychonas (Greek: Άγιος Τύχωνας) is a village and a municipal district of the Amathounta Municipality in the Limassol District of Cyprus, located east of Limassol. The ancient ruins of Amathus are near the town.

Agios Tychonas is named for Saint Tychon of Amathus, a 5th century bishop of Amathus.
Damned by Dawn
Damned by Dawn is a 2009 Australian independent horror film written and directed by Brett Anstey, starring Renee Willner, Bridget Neval, Dawn Klingberg, Danny Alder, Peter Stratford, Taryn Eva and Mark Taylor. It was released in United States on Blu-ray and DVD by Image Entertainment on 9 November 2010.

RLJ Entertainment
RLJ Entertainment (formerly Image Entertainment) is an American film production company and home video distributor, distributing film and television productions in North America, with approximately 3,200 exclusive DVD titles and approximately 340 exclusive CD titles in domestic release, and approximately 450 programs internationally via sublicense agreements. For many of its titles, Image has exclusive audio and broadcast rights as well as digital download rights to approximately 2,100 video programs and over 400 audio programs containing more than 6,000 tracks. The company is headquartered in Chatsworth, California.
Janice Reid
Janice Clare Reid (born 19 September 1947) is an Australian academic and medical anthropologist, who has specialised in Aboriginal and refugee health. She was Vice-Chancellor of the University of Western Sydney from 1998 to 2013.

Western Sydney University
Western Sydney University, formerly the University of Western Sydney, is an Australian multi-campus public research university in the Greater Western region of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

The university in its current form was founded in 1989 as a federated network university with an amalgamation between the Nepean College of Advanced Education and the Hawkesbury Agricultural College. The Macarthur Institute of Higher Education was incorporated in the university in 1989. In 2001, the University of Western Sydney was restructured as a single multi-campus university rather than as a federation. In 2015, the university underwent a rebranding which resulted in a change in name from the University of Western Sydney to Western Sydney University. It is a provider of undergraduate, postgraduate, and higher research degrees with campuses in Bankstown, Blacktown, Campbelltown, Hawkesbury, Liverpool, Parramatta, Penrith, and Surabaya.
Vermont Jazz Center
The Vermont Jazz Center is a school for jazz founded by guitarist Attila Zoller in Brattleboro, Vermont. Zoller started the center as the Attila Zoller Jazz Clinics in 1974. The center was renamed Vermont Jazz Center when he incorporated the business. The center runs an annual summer workshop, lessons, and a concert series. In 2016, the center purchased a Steinway D-274. In 2014, the center received an Acclaim Award from Chamber Music America. The center does not rely on grant funding for much of its programming, generating funding from donors and other income.

Steinway D-274
D-274 (or D) is the model name of a concert grand piano, the flagship of the Steinway & Sons piano company, first built in 1884. It is generally described as the first choice of most concert pianists. As of 2017 a D-274 finished in Polished Ebony has a MSRP of US$175,700.

At 274 centimetres (9 ft 0 in) long, 156 centimetres (5 ft 1 in) wide and 480 kilograms (1,060 lb), the D-274 is too large for most homes. In concert hall settings, on the other hand, the D-274 is a major presence. An example would be the famous Van Cliburn International Piano Competition, which offers contestants a choice of two D-274s owned by the Van Cliburn Foundation, one a mellow-toned instrument made in New York, the other a bright-toned instrument made in Hamburg. These are supplemented with a third Steinway piano brought in for the event.

An estimate from 2003 suggested that more than 90 percent of concert grand pianos worldwide are D-274s.
M24 mine
The M24 mine is a United States off-route land mine based on the M28A2 high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) rocket normally fired by an M20 Super Bazooka 3.5 inch rocket launcher. The rocket was launched from an M143 plastic launch tube.

High-explosive anti-tank
High-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) is the effect of a shaped charge explosive that uses the Munroe effect to penetrate heavy armor. The warhead functions by having an explosive charge collapse a metal liner inside the warhead into a high-velocity shaped charge jet; this is capable of penetrating armor steel to a depth of seven or more times the diameter of the charge (charge diameters, CD). The shaped charge jet armor penetration effect is purely kinetic in nature; the round has no explosive or incendiary effect on the armor.

Unlike standard armor-piercing rounds, a HEAT warhead's penetration performance is unaffected by the projectile's velocity, allowing them to be fired by lower-powered weapons that generate less recoil.

The performance of HEAT weapons has nothing to do with thermal effects, with HEAT being simply an acronym.
Hippocampini
The Hippocampini are a tribe of small marine fishes in the subfamily Syngnathinae of the family Syngnathidae. Depending on the classification system used, it comprises either seahorses and pygmy pipehorses, or only seahorses.

Johann Jakob Kaup
Johann Jakob von Kaup (10 April 1803 – 4 July 1873) was a German naturalist. A proponent of natural philosophy, he believed in an innate mathematical order in nature and he attempted biological classifications based on the Quinarian system. Kaup is also known for having coined popular prehistoric taxa like Pterosauria, Machairodus, Deinotherium, Dorcatherium, and Chalicotherium.
Mitchellsburg, Kentucky
Mitchellsburg is an unincorporated community in Boyle County, Kentucky, United States. Mitchellsburg is located on Kentucky Route 34 10.2 miles (16.4 km) west-southwest of Danville. Mitchellsburg had a post office until April 12, 2008; it still has its own ZIP code, 40452.

Danville, Kentucky
Danville is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Boyle County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 17,236 at the 2020 census. Danville is the principal city of the Danville Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of the Boyle and Lincoln counties. In 2001, Danville received a Great American Main Street Award from the National Trust for Historic Preservation. In 2011, Money magazine placed Danville as the fourth-best place to retire in the United States. Centre College in Danville was selected to host U.S. vice-presidential debates in 2000 and 2012.
Podmežakla Hall
Podmežakla Hall (Dvorana Podmežakla) is an indoor sporting arena located in Jesenice, Slovenia. It is the home of the HDD Jesenice ice hockey team. It is also the site of the Triglav Trophy, an annual international figure skating competition held each spring. The name Podmežakla (literally 'below Mežakla') is derived from its location on the southwest bank of the Sava Dolinka, directly below the Mežakla Plateau.

Mežakla
Mežakla (pronounced [mɛˈʒaːkla]) is a long undulating plateau about 15 km (9 mi) long in the foothills of the Julian Alps above the town of Jesenice in northwestern Slovenia. It ranges from approximately 1,200 m (3,900 ft) to 1,593 m (5,226 ft) high. It is mostly covered with spruce and beech trees. There are many pastures and clear streams on the plateau. Mežakla is part of Triglav National Park but tourism is underdeveloped.