hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ak-Suu (Syr Darya)
The Ak-Suu or Aksu (Kyrgyz: Ак-Суу; Tajik: Оқсу; Uzbek: Oqsuv) is a left tributary of the Syr Darya, flowing through Batken Region of Kyrgyzstan and Sughd Region of Tajikistan. The river starts at Ay-Kul, in the north slopes of Turkestan Range in Sarkent State Nature Park.

The river flows into the river Syr Darya near the town Navkat in northern Tajikistan. However, the river is fully diverted for irrigation and rarely reaches the Syr Darya. The main settlements along the river include the village of Ak-Suu in Kyrgyzstan and the town of Navkat in Tajikistan.

Most communities along the river in both Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan cultivate rice, relying on the river's water for irrigation. In Tajikistan, the water is also used to grow other crops, including cotton, onions, and maize.

Batken Region
Batken is a region of Kyrgyzstan. Its capital is Batken. It is bounded on the east by Osh Region, on the south, west and north by Tajikistan, and on the northeast by Uzbekistan. The northern part of the region is part of the flat, agricultural Ferghana Valley. The land rises southward to the mountains on the southern border: the Alay Mountains in the east, and the Turkestan Range in the west. Its total area is 17,048 km2 (6,582 sq mi). The resident population of the region was 548,247 as of January 2021. The region has sizeable Uzbek (14.7% in 2009) and Tajik (6.9% in 2009) minorities.
1835 in birding and ornithology
.

The Beagle lands at the Galápagos Islands and Charles Darwin collects the finches which bear his name.

Carl Jakob Sundevall develops a phylogeny for the birds in Lärobok i zoologien (Handbook of Zoology). This is based on the muscles of the hip and leg.

Frédéric de Lafresnaye describes the magpie mannikin and the cactus wren in Revue et magasin de zoologie (founded by Félix Édouard Guérin-Méneville.

Death of Alexander Collie

Death of Carl Wilhelm Hahn

Alexander von Nordmann describes spotted redshank in Reise um die erde durch Nord-Asien und die beiden oceane in den jahren 1828, 1829 und 1830 ausgeführt

1835-1839 Philip Barker Webb, Sabin Berthelot and Alfred Moquin-Tandon begin  L'Histoire Naturelle des Îles Canaries published in Paris

Charles Thorold Wood publishes The Ornithological Guide

Thomas Barwick Lloyd Baker publishes An Ornithological Index

Magpie mannikin
The magpie mannikin or magpie munia (Spermestes fringilloides) is a species of estrildid finch, sparsely present across Sub-Saharan Africa. It has an estimated global extent of occurrence of 1,400,000 km2.

It is found in subtropical/ tropical (lowland) moist shrubland, forest and dry grassland habitat. The status of the species is evaluated as Least Concern.
2021 IBG Prague Open – Doubles
Sander Arends and David Pel were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Victor Vlad Cornea and Petros Tsitsipas won the title after defeating Martin Krumich and Andrew Paulson 6–3, 3–6, [10–8] in the final.

Victor Vlad Cornea
Victor Vlad Cornea (born 24 September 1993) is a Romanian tennis player who specializes in doubles. He reached his highest ATP doubles ranking of No. 64 on 19 February 2024. He has won 15 ATP Challenger Tour doubles titles.

He has six Davis Cup nominations for Team Romania.
So Much Love (The Rocket Summer song)
"So Much Love" is a song by rock artist The Rocket Summer.  It was the lead single off his third studio album Do You Feel, released in 2007.  The song charted in the Top 13 on R&R magazine's Christian Hit Radio chart as of December 15, 2007.

R&R (magazine)
R&R (also known as the "new" Radio & Records) was a weekly music trade publication that followed the radio industry and tracked the monitoring of current songs by format, station and audience cumes. The magazine was a sister publication to Billboard magazine and was mostly available through subscription to people who work in the radio industry and music chart enthusiasts, as well as various record stores and newsstands. On June 5, 2009, parent company AC Nielsen ceased operations on R&R just short of three years after acquiring the former independent trade periodical.  When it ceased publication in 2009, R&R was the successor-in-interest of publications that traced their operations back to 1973.
2016 Florida Cup
The 2016 Florida Cup was a friendly association football tournament played in the United States. It was the second edition of the competition, which included teams from Brazil, Colombia, Ukraine, Germany and the United States. Atlético Mineiro were crowned champions for the first time.

Colombian Football Federation
The Colombian Football Federation (Spanish: Federación Colombiana de Fútbol) is the governing body of football in Colombia. The organization was founded in 1924, and has been affiliated with FIFA since 1936. It is a member of CONMEBOL and in charge of the Colombia national football team and the Colombia women's national football team.
A Dozen Furies
A Dozen Furies was a metalcore band from Dallas, Texas. They were the winners of the 2004 MTV reality show Battle for Ozzfest.  They were awarded a spot on the 10th anniversary of Ozzfest as well as a record deal with Sanctuary Records. They released one studio album, A Concept from Fire, on September 13, 2005, before disbanding in 2006. Members have gone in different directions while still remaining friends.

Battle for Ozzfest
Battle for Ozzfest is a reality television show that aired during autumn 2004 on MTV, where eight bands 'battle' it out in a series of challenges to win a spot on the stage of the metal festival Ozzfest, which is a primarily heavy metal-subgenre based music festival. The series lasted 12 episodes, the winner being decided by online voters.
Tadayuki Inoue
Tadayuki Inoue (井上 忠行, Inoue Tadayuki; October 25, 1935 – December 15, 2007) was a Japanese baseball player who played for the Nishitetsu Lions from 1957 to 1964. His career on-base plus slugging was .506, with a high of .586 for 1962 and a low of .299 for 1957. After retiring, he became a professional baseball umpire.

On-base plus slugging
On-base plus slugging (OPS) is a sabermetric baseball statistic calculated as the sum of a player's on-base percentage and slugging percentage. The ability of a player both to get on base and to hit for power, two important offensive skills, are represented. An OPS of .800 or higher in Major League Baseball puts the player in the upper echelon of hitters. Typically, the league leader in OPS will score near, and sometimes above, the 1.000 mark.
Music City Queen
Music City Queen was a replica showboat formerly operating for entertainment purposes on the Cumberland River in the southern United States.  It was the smaller of two stern-wheel paddle steamers based at Opry Mills in Nashville, Tennessee; the other is the General Jackson.

The Music City Queen is now operated by Massachusetts Bay Lines in the Boston area.

Showboat
A showboat, or show boat, was a floating theater that traveled along the waterways of the United States, especially along the Mississippi and Ohio rivers, to bring culture and entertainment to the river frontiers. This special type of riverboat was designed to carry passengers rather than cargo, and they had to be pushed by a small pusher or towboat attached to it. Showboats were rarely steam-powered because the steam engine had to be placed right in the auditorium for logistical reasons, making it difficult to have a large theater.
O-2390
O-2390 (3,4-Dichloro-alpha-PVP, DCPVP) is a recreational designer drug from the substituted cathinone family, which acts as a potent inhibitor of dopamine and noradrenaline reuptake in vitro, with weaker but still significant inhibition of serotonin reuptake.

Substituted cathinone
Substituted cathinones, or simply cathinones, which include some stimulants and entactogens, are derivatives of cathinone. They feature a phenethylamine core with an alkyl group attached to the alpha carbon, and a ketone group attached to the beta carbon, along with additional substitutions. Cathinone occurs naturally in the plant khat whose leaves are chewed as a recreational drug.

Substituted cathinones act as monoamine releasing agents and/or monoamine reuptake inhibitors, including of norepinephrine, dopamine, and/or serotonin. In contrast to substituted amphetamines, most substituted cathinones do not act as agonists of the human trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). This may potentiate their stimulating and addictive effects. In addition, β-keto-substituted phenethylamines, such as βk-2C-B, appear to show dramatically reduced potency and efficacy as serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonists compared to their non-β-keto-substituted counterparts.
Ben Rothwell (boxer)
Benjamin "Ben" Rothwell, Jr. (September 14, 1902 – December 14, 1979) was an American boxer who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. He was born in West Point, Virginia and died in Short Hills, New Jersey. In 1924 he was eliminated in the quarter-finals of the lightweight class after losing his fight to the eventual silver medalist Alfredo Copello of Argentina.

Short Hills, New Jersey
Short Hills is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) situated within Millburn, in Essex County, within the U.S. state of New Jersey, and part of the New York metropolitan area. The community is a commuter town for residents who work in Manhattan. As of the 2020 census, the CDP's population was 14,422.

In the Forbes magazine's rankings of the Most Expensive ZIP Codes in the United States, Short Hills was listed among the top 100 nationwide, coming in 66th in 2006 (with a median sale price of $1,200,000) and 67th in 2012 (median of $1,951,846). The median household income in Short Hills, according to the United States Census Bureau, exceeded $250,000 in the period from 2018-2022, while per capita income, as of the 2020 United States Census, was $153,124.

Short Hills is home to the upscale Mall at Short Hills, also known as the Short Hills Mall, located near affluent communities in neighboring Morris and Union counties along the Passaic River.
Lionel Robbins
Lionel Charles Robbins, Baron Robbins, CH, CB, FBA (22 November 1898 – 15 May 1984) was a British economist, and prominent member of the economics department at the London School of Economics (LSE). He is known for his leadership at LSE, his proposed definition of economics, and for his instrumental efforts in shifting Anglo-Saxon economics from its Marshallian direction. He is famous for the quote, "Humans want what they can't have."

G. D. H. Cole
George Douglas Howard Cole (25 September 1889 – 14 January 1959) was an English political theorist, economist, historian, and novelist. As a believer in common ownership of the means of production, he theorised guild socialism (production organised through worker guilds). He belonged to the Fabian Society and was an advocate for the co-operative movement.
Kirilov
Kirilov (masculine) or Kirilova (feminine) is a Slavic surname shared by the following people:

Andrey Kirilov (born 1967), Russian cross country skier

Dimitri Kirilov (born 1978), Russian professional boxer

Evgeni Kirilov (born 1945), Bulgarian politician

Ivan Kirilov (botanist) (1821–1842), Russian botanist

Ivan Kirilov (geographer) (1689–1737), Russian geographer and cartographer

Rosen Kirilov (born 1973), Bulgarian football player

Rosen Kirilov
Rosen Yordanov Kirilov (Bulgarian: Росен Йорданов Кирилов; born 4 January 1973 in Vidin) is a Bulgarian retired professional footballer who played as a defender, and later managed various clubs.

He played as a centre-back for the Bulgaria national team, CSKA Sofia, Litex Lovech, Adanaspor, APOP Kinyras and Vaslui.
Surrendered Enemy Personnel
Surrendered Enemy Personnel (SEP) is a designation for captive enemy soldiers (similar to Disarmed Enemy Forces). It was most commonly used by British forces towards German forces in Europe, and towards Japanese and associated forces in Asia after the end of World War II.

On March 1, 1947, the U.S. stated that the SEPs should be regarded as POWs and be treated in accordance with the Geneva Conventions.

The designation of SEP allowed the Royal Navy to use the German command structure to facilitate the disbandment of the Kriegsmarine.

In the Malayan Emergency the UK also used the definition SEP, alongside Captured Enemy Personnel (CEP). The distinction made was that SEP were insurgents who surrendered to the British, while Captured Enemy Personnel were not.  Both designations were treated as prisoners of war.

Imperial Japanese Armed Forces
The Imperial Japanese Armed Forces (IJAF, full Japanese: 帝国陸海軍, romanized: Teikoku riku-kaigun or Nippon-gun (日本軍) for short, meaning "Japanese Forces") were the unified forces of the Empire of Japan. Formed during the Meiji Restoration in 1868, they were disbanded in 1945, shortly after Japan's defeat to the Allies of World War II; the revised Constitution of Japan, drafted during the Allied occupation of Japan, replaced the IJAF with the present-day Japan Self-Defense Forces.

The Imperial Japanese Army and the Imperial Japanese Navy functioned as the IJAF's primary service branches, with the country's aerial power being split between the Army Air Service under the former and the Navy Air Service under the latter.
Alexandre (given name)
Alexandre is a masculine given name, the French, Galician, Catalan, and Portuguese form of the English name Alexander, derived from the Latin Alexander and the Ancient Greek Aléxandros (Αλέξανδρος), meaning "defender of Mankind". The name Alexandre emerged in Galician, Portuguese, and Catalan through a calque from Old Galician-Portuguese, which was derived from the French form inaugural Alexandre.

Alexandre is a culturally French name, popular among the French elite, with notable figures such as Alexandre de Beauharnais and Alexandre Dumas. The name Alexandre is also popular in Luso-Brazilian culture, with figures like Alexandre de Gusmão and Alexandre de Serpa Pinto. There are notable figures from sporadic contexts, such as the Haitian revolutionary Alexandre Pétion.

Masculinity
Masculinity (also called manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with men and boys. Masculinity can be theoretically understood as socially constructed, and there is also evidence that some behaviors considered masculine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. To what extent masculinity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, as anyone can exhibit masculine traits. Standards of masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods. In Western cultures, its meaning is traditionally drawn from being contrasted with femininity.
László Papp (entomologist)
László Papp (October 3, 1946 – March 28, 2021) was a Hungarian zoologist, entomologist, parasitologist awarded with the Széchenyi Prize, ordinary member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (HAS) and fellow of the Royal Entomological Society. Renowned research professor in the field of community ecology and systematics of Diptera. Older brother of the heart surgeon professor Lajos Papp.

Hungarian Academy of Sciences
The Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Hungarian: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈtudomaːɲoʃ ˈɒkɒdeːmijɒ], MTA) is Hungary’s foremost and most prestigious learned society. Its headquarters are located along the banks of the Danube in Budapest, between Széchenyi rakpart and Akadémia utca. The Academy's primary functions include the advancement of scientific knowledge, the dissemination of research findings, the support of research and development, and the representation of science in Hungary both domestically and around the world.
Telusu Kada
Telusu Kada (transl. You know, right?) is a 2025 Indian Telugu-language romantic drama film written and directed by debutant Neeraja Kona and produced by T. G. Vishwa Prasad and Vivek Kuchibhotla, under People Media Factory. The film features Siddhu Jonnalagadda, Raashii Khanna and Srinidhi Shetty. The music was composed by Thaman S. It was released theatrically on 17 October 2025, and received mixed reviews.

Siddhu Jonnalagadda
Siddharth Jonnalagadda is an Indian actor and screenwriter known for his works predominantly in Telugu cinema. He made his debut with Josh (2009) and in Tamil with Vallinam (2014). Jonnalagadda later went on to co-write and appear in films such as Guntur Talkies (2016) and Krishna and His Leela (2020), whereas DJ Tillu (2022) and Tillu Square (2024) established him in Telugu cinema.
2025 Guangzhou Open
The 2025 Guangzhou Open was a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hardcourts. It was the 19th edition of the Guangzhou Open, and part of the WTA 250 tournaments of the 2025 WTA Tour. It took place at the Nansha International Tennis Center in Guangzhou, China, from 20 October through 26 October, 2025.

Léolia Jeanjean
Léolia Jeanjean (born 14 August 1995) is a French tennis player.
She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 91 by the WTA, achieved on 18 August 2025. She reached her best doubles ranking of No. 162 on 18 March 2024.
Electro-osmosis
In chemistry, electro-osmotic flow (EOF, hyphen optional; synonymous with electro-osmosis or electro-endosmosis) is the motion of liquid induced by an applied potential across a porous material, capillary tube, membrane, microchannel, or any other fluid conduit.  Because electro-osmotic velocities are independent of conduit size, as long as the electrical double layer is much smaller than the characteristic length scale of the channel, electro-osmotic flow will have little effect. Electro-osmotic flow is most significant when in small channels, and is an essential component in chemical separation techniques, notably capillary electrophoresis. Electro-osmotic flow can occur in natural unfiltered water, as well as buffered solutions.

Characteristic length
In physics, a characteristic length is an important dimension that defines the scale of a physical system.  Often, such a length is used as an input to a formula in order to predict some characteristics of the system, and it is usually required by the construction of a dimensionless quantity, in the general framework of dimensional analysis and in particular applications such as fluid mechanics.

In computational mechanics, a characteristic length is defined to force localization of a stress softening constitutive equation. The length is associated with an integration point. For 2D analysis, it is calculated by taking the square root of the area. For 3D analysis, it is calculated by taking the cubic root of the volume associated to the integration point.
Artis Award
The Artis Award is based on popular vote and is presented for achievements in French-Canadian (Québécois) television; called in French the Prix Artis.  Many notable Québécois performing artists have been honored with this award, like Rémy Girard (2006).

The Artis Award is the successor of the MetroStar Award. The sponsorship of this award and its name were changed in 2006.

From the current Artis Gala website:

". . . This gala enables the public to honor its favorite artists from Québécois television."

(". . . ce gala permet au public de rendre hommage à ses artistes favoris de la télévision québécoise.")

At the first Gala Artis, held in Montreal on Sunday, April 30, 2006, Céline Dion performed "Tout près du bonheur" (in French only) with Marc Dupré.

Québécois people
Québécois (French pronunciation: [kebekwa] ⓘ; also known as Quebecers or Quebeckers in English) are people associated with Quebec. The term is most often used in reference to either descendants of the French settlers in Quebec or people of any ethnicity who live and trace their origins to the province of Quebec.

Self-identification as Québécois became dominant starting in the 1960s; prior to this, the francophone people of Quebec mostly identified themselves as French Canadians and as Canadiens before anglophones started identifying as Canadians as well. A majority in the House of Commons of Canada in 2006 approved a motion by Prime Minister Stephen Harper, which stated that the Québécois are a nation within a united Canada. Harper later elaborated that the motion's definition of Québécois relies on personal decisions to self-identify as Québécois, and therefore is a personal choice.
Bradyrrhoa gilveolella
Bradyrrhoa gilveolella is a species of moth of the family Pyralidae. It was described by Georg Friedrich Treitschke in 1833. It is found in Greece, Sicily, Albania, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey, southern Russia, from Kazakhstan to Ukraine and south to central Iran.

The wingspan is about 28 mm. Adults are on wing from May or June to September and again from late July or early September to May or June in overlapping generations.

The larvae feed on Chondrilla juncea. Larval development and pupation take place entirely beneath the soil surface within a feeding tube that is attached to the root of their host plant. The feeding tube is made of loosely spun silk. Later, it is covered with latex, root fragments, frass and soil particles. They feed on the outer cortical portion of the rootstock, cutting cortical vessels and interrupting the flow of nutrients. Pupation takes place within the feeding tube.

Georg Friedrich Treitschke
Georg Friedrich Treitschke (German: [ˈtʀaɪtʃkə]; 29 August 1776 – 4 June 1842) was a German librettist, translator and lepidopterist.

In 1800, he came to the Vienna Hofoper. From 1809 to 1814, he was principal of the Viennese Theater an der Wien. He wrote mostly librettos for Paul Wranitzky, Adalbert Gyrowetz and C. Weigl (Weisenhaus, The Orphanage), and translated many French operas into German. In 1814, he revised the libretto of Fidelio at Ludwig van Beethoven's request.
Mi Novia
Mi Novia ("My Girlfriend") is a painting by Filipino painter Juan Luna. Created in the academic-style, it was in an exhibition hors concours or not for the purpose of competing for a prize.  Instead it was a painting that was aimed to please the viewing public.

Juan Luna
Juan Luna de San Pedro y Novicio (Spanish: [ˈxwan ˈluna], Tagalog: [hwɐn ˈluna]; October 25, 1857 – December 7, 1899) was a Filipino painter, sculptor and a political activist of the Philippine Revolution during the late 19th century. He became one of the first recognized Philippine artists.

His winning of the gold medal in the 1884 Madrid Exposition of Fine Arts, along with the silver win of fellow Filipino painter Félix Resurrección Hidalgo, prompted a celebration which was a significant highlight in the memoirs of members of the Propaganda Movement, with the fellow Ilustrados toasting the two painters' good health and the brotherhood between Spain and the Philippines.

Well regarded for work done in the manner of European academies of his time, Luna painted literary and historical scenes, some with an underscore of political commentary. His allegorical works were inspired by classical balance, and often showed figures in theatrical poses.
Oscar Murillo (artist)
Oscar Murillo (born 1986) is a Colombian artist working within the painting tradition. He currently lives and works in various locations.

Curator and writer Legacy Russell has said that the artist explores "the body in transit", while curator Hans-Ulrich Obrist has spoken of a "blurring […] between art and life" occurring in Murillo’s multidisciplinary works.

In 2019, he co-won the Turner Prize after requesting with his fellow nominees (Tai Shani, Helen Cammock, and Lawrence Abu Hamdan) that the jury award the prize for the first time to all four nominated artists.

Legacy Russell
Legacy Russell is an American curator, writer, and author of Glitch Feminism: A Manifesto, published by Verso Books in 2020. In 2021, the performance and experimental art institution The Kitchen announced Russell as the organization's next executive director and chief curator. From 2018 to 2021, she was the associate curator of exhibitions at the Studio Museum in Harlem.