hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Salatın
Salatın is a village in the Shusha District of Azerbaijan.  The village was the site of the killing of journalist on the 9th of January 1991,  whom Salatyn Asgarova, who was covering the First Nagorno-Karabakh War; the city was renamed as well as a street in Baku and a village in the Karabakh region of Azerbaijan were renamed to honor her.

Salatyn Asgarova
Salatyn Asgarova (Azerbaijani: Salatın Əziz qızı Əsgərova; 16 December 1961 – 9 January 1991) was an Azerbaijani journalist and correspondent for The Youth of Azerbaijan. She was killed by Armenian insurgency in the early phase of the First Nagorno-Karabakh War in 1991. She was posthumously awarded the highest national honor, the National Hero of Azerbaijan.
Malt shovel
A malt shovel is a shovel used during malting, part of the brewing process.

Malt shovel could also refer to:

Malt Shovel Brewery, in Australia

Malt Shovel, Spondon, a public house in Derby

Malt Shovel (sculpture), a public art installation in Burton upon Trent

The Malt Shovel, a pub in Oswaldkirk, in England

Malt Shovel (sculpture)
The Malt Shovel is a 2001 sculpture by Andrew Hazell that stands on the corner of High Street and New Street in Burton upon Trent in England.  It was commissioned by East Staffordshire Borough Council in 1998 and funded by a National Lottery grant.  The sculpture is a representation of a shovel used for malting, part of the brewery process that dominated the town's history.  The stainless-steel sculpture stands 9 metres (30 ft) tall and has a bottle-shaped opening in the blade through which people can walk.  The sculpture was unveiled amid local controversy over its accuracy and site.
Shenk
Shenk is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Thomas Shenk, professor of Molecular Biology at Princeton University.

Henry Shenk, American football coach.

David Shenk, American writer, lecturer, and filmmaker.

Sol Shenk, American businessman, founder of the discount retail chain Big Lots.

David Shenk
David Shenk is an American writer, lecturer, and songwriter.

He has contributed to National Geographic, Slate, The New York Times, Gourmet, Harper's, Wired, The New Yorker, The New Republic, The Nation, The American Scholar, NPR and PBS. In mid-2009, he joined The Atlantic as a correspondent. He is a 1988 graduate of Brown University.

Shenk was also a panelist on the VH1 music review television series Four on the Floor.
Arithmetical set
In mathematical logic, an arithmetical set (or arithmetic set) is a set of natural numbers that can be defined by a formula of first-order Peano arithmetic. The arithmetical sets are  classified by the arithmetical hierarchy.

The definition can be extended to an arbitrary countable set A (e.g. the set of n-tuples of integers, the set of rational numbers, the set of formulas in some formal language, etc.) by using Gödel numbers to represent elements of the set and declaring a subset of A to be arithmetical if the set of corresponding Gödel numbers is arithmetical.

A function  is called arithmetically definable if the graph of  is an arithmetical set.

A real number is called arithmetical if the set of all smaller rational numbers is arithmetical. A complex number is called arithmetical if its real and imaginary parts are both arithmetical.

Subset
In mathematics, a set A is a subset of a set B if and only if all elements of A are also elements of B; B is then a superset of A. It is possible for A and B to be equal; if they are unequal, then A is a proper subset of B. The relationship of one set being a subset of another is called inclusion (or sometimes containment). A is a subset of B may also be expressed as B includes (or contains) A or A is included (or contained) in B. A k-subset is a subset with k elements.

When quantified,  is represented as

One can prove the statement  by applying a proof technique known as the element argument:

Let sets A and B be given. To prove that 
suppose that a is a particular but arbitrarily chosen element of A
show that a is an element of B.

The validity of this technique can be seen as a consequence of universal generalization: the technique shows  for an arbitrarily chosen element c. Universal generalisation then implies  which is equivalent to  as stated above.
1985 NatWest Trophy
The 1985 NatWest Trophy was the 5th NatWest Trophy.  It was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 3 July and 7 September 1985. The tournament was won by Essex who defeated Nottinghamshire by 1 run in the final at Lord's.

Limited overs cricket
Limited overs cricket, also known as white ball cricket, is a version of the sport of cricket in which a match is generally completed within one day. There are a number of formats, including List A cricket (8-hour games), Twenty20 cricket (3-hour games), , 100-ball cricket (2.5 hours) and T10 cricket (1.5 hour games). The name reflects the rule that in the match each team bowls a set maximum number of overs (sets of 6 legal balls), usually between 20 and 50, although shorter and longer forms of limited overs cricket have been played.

The concept contrasts with Test and first-class matches, which can take up to five days to complete. One-day cricket is popular with spectators as it can encourage aggressive, risky, entertaining batting, often results in cliffhanger endings, and ensures that a spectator can watch an entire match without committing to five days of continuous attendance.
Mazatlán F.C.
Mazatlán Futbol Club, simplified as Mazatlán FC, is a Mexican professional football club based in Mazatlán, Sinaloa. It competes in Liga MX, the top division of Mexican football, and plays its home matches at the Estadio El Encanto. Founded in 2020, after the Monarcas Morelia franchise was moved to Mazatlán.

Mexican football league system
The Mexican football league system is organized by the Federación Mexicana de Fútbol (FMF), except for Liga MX  and Liga de Expansión MX, which are organized independently. The league system consist of six professional divisions (four levels for men and two levels for women).

In addition to having other national competitions, the national Super cup named Campeón de Campeones between the champions of the two short tournaments of the season (Apertura and Clausura). The Campeón de Campeones de la Liga de Expansión MX is also contested for the second level division. Until 2020, the Copa MX was the cup tournament for the top and second level divisions. Since 2021, the Copa Conecta is the cup tournament for the third and fourth level divisions.
Sexual abuse scandal in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dublin
The sexual abuse cases in Dublin archdiocese are major chapters in the series of Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in Ireland. The Irish government commissioned a statutory enquiry in 2006 that published the Murphy Report in November 2009.

Glendalough
Glendalough (/ˌɡlɛndəˈlɒx/; Irish: Gleann Dá Loch, meaning 'valley of two lakes') is a glacial valley in County Wicklow, Ireland, renowned for an Early Medieval monastic settlement founded in the 6th century by St Kevin. From 1825 to 1957, the head of the Glendalough Valley was the site of a galena lead mine. Glendalough is also a recreational area for picnics, for walking along networks of maintained trails of varying difficulty, and also for rock climbing.
Skowhegan Branch
The Skowhegan branch, also known as the Hinckley branch, is a railway line in the state of Maine. It runs approximately 9 miles (14 km) from Fairfield, Maine, to Hinckley, Maine. It was built by the Somerset and Kennebec Railroad in 1855–1856 and formerly continued north to Skowhegan, Maine. Pan Am Railways, a subsidiary of CSX Transportation, owns and operates the line.

Kennebec and Portland Railroad
The Kennebec and Portland Railroad was a railway company in the United States. It was chartered in 1836, and constructed its original line between Portland, Maine, and Augusta, Maine, between 1849 and 1851. This line became part of the Maine Central Railroad main line. The company also built a branch line from Brunswick, Maine, to Bath, Maine. The company was consolidated with the Portland and Kennebec Railroad in 1864; that company became part of the Maine Central Railroad in 1874.
Oponešice
Oponešice is a municipality and village in Třebíč District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Oponešice lies approximately 27 kilometres (17 mi) south-west of Třebíč, 40 km (25 mi) south of Jihlava, and 146 km (91 mi) south-east of Prague.

Třebíč
Třebíč (Czech pronunciation: [ˈtr̝̊ɛbiːtʃ] ⓘ; German: Trebitsch) is a town in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 35,000 inhabitants.

The beginnings of the town's history are connected with the establishment of a Benedictine monastery, where the castle is located today. In the age of its expansion, Třebíč was the third most important town in Moravia. The population growth started after World War II.

There are several well-known tourist sights in the town. The Jewish Quarter and the St. Procopius Basilica are listed together as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Sloppy Seconds (album)
Sloppy Seconds was the second album from the country rock band Dr. Hook & the Medicine Show.  It featured some of their most popular songs, including "Freakin' at the Freakers Ball" and "The Cover of 'Rolling Stone'."  It was noted for its "crude sense of humor."

The Cover of "Rolling Stone"
"The Cover of 'Rolling Stone'" is a song written by Shel Silverstein and first recorded by American rock group Dr. Hook & the Medicine Show. Produced by Ron Haffkine and released in 1972, it was the band's third single and peaked at No. 6 on the U.S. pop chart for two weeks on March 17–24, 1973. The song satirically laments that the band had not appeared on the cover of Rolling Stone, a magazine that focuses on music, politics, and popular culture. The song's success led to the band appearing on the cover of the March 1973 issue of Rolling Stone, albeit in caricature.
1874 Vermont gubernatorial election
The 1874 Vermont gubernatorial election took place on September 1, 1874. Incumbent Republican Julius Converse, per the "Mountain Rule", did not run for re-election to a second term as Governor of Vermont. Republican candidate Asahel Peck defeated Democratic candidate W.H.H. Bingham to succeed him.

Governor of Vermont
The governor of Vermont is the head of government of the U.S. state of Vermont. The officeholder is elected in even-numbered years by direct voting for a term of two years. Vermont and bordering New Hampshire are the only states to hold gubernatorial elections every two years, instead of every four as in the other 48 U.S. states.

There is no limit on the number of terms a Vermont governor can serve. If no candidate receives at least 50% plus one vote of all votes for governor cast in the election, the governor of Vermont is then elected by the state legislature. The incumbent Vermont governor is Republican Phil Scott. He was sworn in on January 5, 2017, becoming Vermont's 82nd governor.

Despite having a Republican governor, Vermont has the most Democratic Cook Partisan Voting Index of any of the 50 U.S. states, at D+17.
1956 New Year Honours
The New Year Honours 1956 were appointments in many of the Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. They were announced on 2 January 1956 to celebrate the year passed and mark the beginning of 1956.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Disablement Advisory Committee
Disablement Advisory Committees were established in the United Kingdom by the Disabled Persons (Employment) Act 1944. This was the first attempt to address the question of the employment of disabled people as a whole.

One was established for each major local employment exchange, with equal numbers of workers and employers, some independent members and an independent chairman. They had some control over the Disabled Persons Register and the operation of the quota system. They were the responsibility of the Ministry of Labour.

A National Advisory Council on the Employment of the Disabled was also established.
Reduction operator
In computer science, the reduction operator is a type of operator that is commonly used in parallel programming to reduce the elements of an array into a single result. Reduction operators are associative and often (but not necessarily) commutative. The reduction of sets of elements is an integral part of programming models such as Map Reduce, where a reduction operator is applied (mapped) to all elements before they are reduced. Other parallel algorithms use reduction operators as primary operations to solve more complex problems. Many reduction operators can be used for broadcasting to distribute data to all processors.

Commutative property
In mathematics, a binary operation is commutative if changing the order of the operands does not change the result. It is a fundamental property of many binary operations, and many mathematical proofs depend on it. Perhaps most familiar as a property of arithmetic, e.g. "3 + 4 = 4 + 3" or "2 × 5 = 5 × 2", the property can also be used in more advanced settings. The name is needed because there are operations, such as division and subtraction, that do not have it (for example, "3 − 5 ≠ 5 − 3"); such operations are not commutative, and so are referred to as noncommutative operations.

The idea that simple operations, such as the multiplication and addition of numbers, are commutative was for many centuries implicitly assumed. Thus, this property was not named until the 19th century, when new algebraic structures started to be studied.
2024 Fukuoka International Women's Cup – Doubles
Emina Bektas and Lina Glushko were the defending champions but chose not to participate.

Rutuja Bhosale and Paige Hourigan won the title, defeating Haruna Arakawa and Aoi Ito in the final, 3–6, 6–3, [10–6].

Paige Hourigan
Paige Mary Hourigan (born 3 February 1997) is a professional tennis player from New Zealand. She has won four singles and 12 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. She reached her best rankings in both singles and doubles after winning ITF titles in Singapore and Surprise, Arizona early in 2019, and those rankings continued to climb as her run of success extended through Mexico and Asia.
Gregory Schopen
Gregory Schopen is Professor of Buddhist Studies at University of California, Los Angeles. He received his B.A. majoring in American literature from Black Hills State College, M.A. in history of religions from McMaster University in Ontario, Canada, and Ph.D. in South Asian and Buddhist studies from the Australian National University in Canberra. His Ph.D thesis is titled "Bhaisajyaguru-sutra and the Buddhism of Gilgit."

Black Hills State University
Black Hills State University (BHSU) is a public university in Spearfish, South Dakota, United States.  Close to 4,000 students attend classes at its 123-acre (50 ha) campus in Spearfish, with a satellite campus in Rapid City which is shared with South Dakota State University, and through distance offerings. BHSU is governed by the South Dakota Board of Regents.
Analyzing Intelligence
Analyzing Intelligence: Origins, Obstacles, and Innovations is a 2008 book by editors Roger Z. George, James B. Bruce and multiple contributors who are experts in the field of Intelligence Analysis. The book, which is listed on the Central Intelligence Agency's suggested reading list, provides the first full assessment on the state of United States intelligence analysis since 9/11, and offers proposals for improved analytical methods, training, and structured approaches, according to Georgetown University Press. The authors argue intelligence analysis should become its own "professional discipline", and should incorporate rigorous analytic methodologies, increase training and education throughout the intelligence enterprise, and embrace collaborative tools like Intellipedia, a wiki used by the United States government.

Intelligence analysis
Intelligence analysis is the application of individual and collective cognitive methods to weigh data and test hypotheses within a secret socio-cultural context. The descriptions are drawn from what may only be available in the form of deliberately deceptive information; the analyst must correlate the similarities among deceptions and extract a common truth. Although its practice is found in its purest form inside national intelligence agencies, its methods are also applicable in fields such as business intelligence or competitive intelligence.
1986 Strangford by-election
The 1986 Strangford by-election was one of the fifteen 1986 Northern Ireland by-elections held on 23 January 1986, to fill vacancies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom caused by the resignation in December 1985 of all sitting Unionist Members of Parliament (MPs). The MPs, from the Ulster Unionist Party, Democratic Unionist Party and Ulster Popular Unionist Party, did this to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Each of their parties agreed not to contest seats previously held by the others, and each outgoing MP stood for re-election.

Strangford (UK Parliament constituency)
Strangford is a parliamentary constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.

The constituency's current MP is Jim Shannon of the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), who has served since the 2010 election.
P.T.O. (video game)
P.T.O. (Pacific Theater of Operations), released as Teitoku no Ketsudan (提督の決断) in Japan, is a console strategy video game released by Koei. It was originally released for the PC-9801 in 1989 and had been ported to various platforms, such as the X68000, FM Towns, PC-8801 (1990), MSX2 (1991), Sega Genesis and the Super NES (both in 1992). Players could assume one side of the Pacific Theater of Operations during World War II, acting as naval commander, organizing fleets, building new ships, appropriating supplies and fuel, and even engaging in diplomacy with other countries. The player can choose one of several World War Two battles to simulate, or could control the entire Pacific campaign well before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.

A sequel, P.T.O. II, was released by Koei in 1993. Teitoku no Ketsudan III (P.T.O. III) was never released outside Japan, but a P.T.O. IV was released for the PlayStation 2 in the US and Europe.

FM Towns
The FM Towns (Japanese: エフエムタウンズ, Hepburn: Efu Emu Taunzu) is a Japanese personal computer built by Fujitsu from 1989 to 1997. It started as a proprietary PC variant intended for multimedia applications and PC games, but later became more compatible with IBM PC compatibles. In 1993, the FM Towns Marty was released; it is a game console compatible with existing FM Towns games.

The "FM" part of the name means "Fujitsu Micro" like their earlier products, while the "Towns" part is derived from the code name the system was assigned while in development, "Townes". This refers to Charles Townes, one of the winners of the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physics, following a custom of Fujitsu at the time to code name PC products after Nobel Prize winners. The e in "Townes" was dropped when the system went into production to make it clearer that the term was to be pronounced like the word "towns" rather than the potential "tow-nes".
The Last Call (The Good Wife)
"The Last Call" is the sixteenth episode of the fifth season of the American legal drama television series The Good Wife, and the 106th episode overall. It originally aired on CBS in the United States on March 30, 2014. The episode deals with the aftermath of Will Gardner being killed in the previous episode. It also concerns his former client and killer, Jeffrey Grant, and what motivated his behavior.

The episode was written by Robert King and Michelle King, and directed by Jim McKay. It marked the second in a string of guest appearances by Matthew Goode as Finn Polmar, a character who went on to have a flirtatious friendship with Alicia.

The Good Wife season 5
The fifth season of The Good Wife began airing on September 29, 2013. The season received critical acclaim, with the general consensus calling it the series's best season. The show's critical resurgence and creative renaissance won the season the TCA Award for Outstanding Achievement in Drama and the Writers Guild of America Award for Television: Episodic Drama.
Bottle Tops
Bottle Tops is a device that snaps on to most 12- and 16-ounce aluminum cans and turns them into resealable containers. It purports to also keep carbonation in the can, though that is disputed. The product is currently marketed by Telebrands, one of the leading direct-response marketing companies.

Direct marketing
Direct marketing is a form of communicating an offer, where organizations communicate directly to a pre-selected customer and supply a method for a direct response. Among practitioners, it is also known as direct response marketing. In contrast to direct marketing, advertising is more of a mass-message nature.
Response channels include toll-free telephone numbers, reply cards, reply forms to be sent in an envelope, websites and email addresses.

The prevalence of direct marketing and the unwelcome nature of some communications has led to regulations and laws such as the CAN-SPAM Act, requiring that consumers in the United States be allowed to opt-out.
Miranda Grosvenor
Miranda Grosvenor was the fictitious name of an elusive Louisiana woman who enchanted dozens of famous men with sweet telephone talk in the 1970s and 1980s. In 1999, Vanity Fair exposed the mystery woman as Whitney Walton (1941-2016), a Baton Rouge social worker and bored fan who made a full-time hobby of calling stars. Her voice and conversation style were reportedly so alluring that wealthy and powerful men (including actors, musicians, and movie moguls) fell in love without ever meeting her, and rearranged their whole evenings around speaking to the mysterious stranger.

Vitas Gerulaitis
Vytautas "Vitas" Kevin Gerulaitis (July 26, 1954 – September 17, 1994) was an American professional tennis player. He was ranked world No. 3 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) in 1978. Gerulaitis won the men's singles title at the December 1977 Australian Open, and the men's doubles title at the 1975 Wimbledon Championships, partnering with Sandy Mayer. Gerulaitis also won two Italian Opens in 1977 and 1979, and the 1978 WCT Finals.
Reutealis
Reutealis is a monotypic plant genus in the family Euphorbiaceae. The single species, Reutealis trisperma is also known as Philippine tung. Reutealis trisperma is endemic to the Philippines and used as a timber species, although it is listed as a near-threatened species on the IUCN Red List.

Near-threatened species
A near-threatened species is a species which has been categorized as "Near Threatened" (NT) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as that may be vulnerable to endangerment in the near future, but it does not currently qualify for the threatened status.

The IUCN notes the importance of reevaluating near-threatened taxa at appropriate intervals.

The rationale used for near-threatened taxa usually includes the criteria of vulnerable which are plausible or nearly met, such as reduction in numbers or range. Those designated since 2001 that depend on conservation efforts to not become threatened are no longer separately considered conservation-dependent species.