hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gia Kavtaradze
Gia Kavtaradze (Georgian: გია ქავთარაძე; born 1970, in Tbilisi, Georgia) is the member of the Cabinet of Georgia and the Minister of Justice in the nation of Georgia. A lawyer by training, he has practiced law in Georgia, and worked in a series of NGO and Government jobs. He fluently speaks Russian, English and Georgian.

Government of Georgia (country)
The Government of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს მთავრობა, romanized: sakartvelos mtavroba) is the supreme body of executive power in Georgia that implements the domestic and foreign policies of the country. It consists of the prime minister—the head of the government—and ministers and is accountable and responsible to the Parliament of Georgia. The current powers and responsibilities of the government are governed by the amendments of the Constitution of Georgia passed in 2017 and 2018. From 14 May 1991 to 9 November 1996, the executive government of Georgia was referred to as the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Georgia (საქართველოს რესპუბლიკის მინისტრთა კაბინეტი).

The incumbent government of Prime Minister Irakli Kobakhidze was sworn in on February 8, 2024.
La Chaux-des-Breuleux railway station
La Chaux-des-Breuleux railway station (French: Gare de La Chaux-des-Breuleux) is a railway station in the municipality of La Chaux-des-Breuleux, in the Swiss canton of Jura. It is an intermediate stop and a request stop on the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge Tavannes–Noirmont railway line of Chemins de fer du Jura.

Chemins de fer du Jura
The Chemins de fer du Jura, abbreviated to CJ, is a railway company in the canton of Jura in northwestern Switzerland. It was formed in 1944 from the merger of four independent companies connecting Porrentruy to Bonfol, Saignelégier to La Chaux-de-Fonds, Glovelier to Saignelégier and Tavannes to Tramelan and Le Noirmont. The lines extend for a total of 84.8 kilometres (52.7 mi) of which just over 73 kilometres (45 mi) is metre gauge. The 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) line from Porrentruy to Bonfol is standard gauge. The company also operates local bus services in the area.
Come un tuono
"Come un tuono" (transl. Like a thunder) is a song by Italian singer Rose Villain with featured vocals by Italian rapper Guè. It was released on 29 March 2024 by Warner Music Italy as the third single from her sophomore studio album Radio Sakura.

The song topped the Italian Singles Chart and was certified quadruple platinum in Italy.

A Spanish-language version of the song, "Como un trueno", featuring Colombian rapper Blessd was released on 30 August 2024.

Blessd
Stiven Mesa Londoño (born 27 January 2000), known professionally as Blessd, is a Colombian rapper, singer and songwriter. Born in Itagüí, he has worked with well-known artists such as Maluma, Justin Quiles, and Myke Towers.

In October 2021, Blessd signed with Warner Music Latina and released his first studio album, Hecho en Medellín. His most popular song from the album, entitled "Medallo", has reached number 1 in Colombia and has over 100 million views on YouTube. In March 2022, he was nominated for three Heat Latin Music Awards, including Best New Artist, Best Artist – Andean Region and Best Collaboration for the song "Medallo".
Administrative divisions of the Netherlands
The Netherlands has several levels of administrative subdivisions. The first level of subdivision consists of 12 provinces. The second level of subdivision consists of 342 municipalities.

The country is also subdivided into 21 water districts, governed by a water board (waterschap or hoogheemraadschap), each having authority in matters concerning water management. Direct elections of the water boards take place every four years.

Overijssel
Overijssel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌoːvərˈɛisəl] ⓘ; Dutch Low Saxon: Oaveriessel [ˌɒːvərˈiːsl̩]; German: Oberyssel; lit. 'Outer IJssel') is a province of the Netherlands located in the eastern part of the country. The province borders Drenthe to the north, Friesland to the north-west, Flevoland (and a small part of the IJsselmeer) to the west, Gelderland to the south and west, and Germany's states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia to the east. Overijssel had a population of about 1,184,000 as of January 2023.

The province's name comes from the perspective of the Episcopal principality of Utrecht, which held the territory until 1528. The capital city of Overijssel is Zwolle (pop. 132,441) and the largest city is Enschede (pop. 161,235). The land mostly consists of grasslands and some forests (including Sallandse Heuvelrug National Park).
MNP
MNP can stand for:

Manipur, a state in northeastern India (postal code)

Magnetic nanoparticles

Manor Park railway station, a National Rail station in England

2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane

Microcom Networking Protocol, for modems

MNP LLP (Meyers Norris Penny) - a Canadian accounting firm headquartered in Calgary, Alberta

Mobile number portability, of telephone numbers

National Museum, Poznań

National Order Party (Milli Nizam Partisi), Turkey

Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (Milieu en Natuur Planbureau)

Northern Mariana Islands, in the Pacific

Northern Min, a Chinese language

National Museum in Poznań
The National Museum in Poznań (Polish: Muzeum Narodowe w Poznaniu), Poland, abbreviated MNP, is a state-owned cultural institution and one of the largest museums in Poland. It houses a rich collection of Polish painting from the 16th century on, and a collection of foreign painting (Italian, Spanish, Dutch and German). The museum is also home to numismatic collections and a gallery of applied arts.
Technetium hexafluoride
Technetium hexafluoride or technetium(VI) fluoride (TcF6) is a yellow inorganic compound with a low melting point. It was first identified in 1961. In this compound, technetium has an oxidation state of +6, the highest oxidation state found in the technetium halides. In this respect, technetium differs from rhenium, which forms a heptafluoride, ReF7. Technetium hexafluoride occurs as an impurity in uranium hexafluoride, as technetium is a fission product of uranium (spontaneous fission in natural uranium, possible contamination from induced fission inside the reactor in reprocessed uranium). The fact that the boiling point of the hexafluorides of uranium and technetium are very close to each other presents a problem in using fluoride volatility in nuclear reprocessing.

Spontaneous fission
Spontaneous fission (SF) is a form of radioactive decay in which a heavy atomic nucleus splits into two or more lighter nuclei. In contrast to induced fission, there is no inciting particle to trigger the decay; it is a purely probabilistic process.

Spontaneous fission is a dominant decay mode for superheavy elements, with nuclear stability generally falling as nuclear mass increases. It thus forms a practical limit to heavy element nucleon number. Heavier nuclides may be created instantaneously by physical processes, both natural (via the r-process) and artificial, though rapidly decay to more stable nuclides. As such, apart from minor decay branches in primordial radionuclides, spontaneous fission is not observed in nature.

Observed fission half-lives range from 60 nanoseconds (252104Rf) to greater than the current age of the universe (23290Th).: 16
1982 World Junior Figure Skating Championships
The 1982 World Junior Figure Skating Championships were held on December 15–20, 1981 in Oberstdorf, West Germany. Commonly called "World Juniors" and "Junior Worlds", the event determined the World Junior champions in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

Oberstdorf
Oberstdorf (German pronunciation: [ˈoːbɐstˌdɔʁf] ⓘ; Low Alemannic: Oberschdorf) is a  municipality located in the Allgäu region of the Bavarian Alps of southern Germany. It is the southernmost settlement in Germany, and being one of its highest towns, is known for its skiing and hiking parks.

At the center of Oberstdorf is a church whose tall spire serves as a landmark for navigating around town. The summits of the Nebelhorn and Fellhorn provide dramatic panoramic views of the alps. The Nebelhorn can be reached with a big cable car. Visitors can ride a unique diagonal elevator to the top of the Heini-Klopfer-Skiflugschanze.
Leonard Black
Leonard Black (March 8, 1820 – April 28, 1883) was born a slave in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, and was separated from his family by the age of six. He escaped after 20 years of slavery. In 1847 he wrote The Life and Sufferings of Leonard Black: A Fugitive from Slavery. With encouragement and support, he became a Baptist minister, preaching in Boston, Providence, and Nantucket before becoming minister of First Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia.

Black married twice in his lifetime. The first marriage was to a woman named Mary A. Black, a woman who died at some point in time after 1850 and with whom Black had five children. Her father, George Black, was an African-American Baptist minister who took him into his home after he escaped slavery and helped him become established. Black's second marriage was to Mary Anne Wheeden, with whom he had two children.

Nantucket
Nantucket (/ˌnænˈtʌkɪt/) is an island in Massachusetts, United States, about 30 miles (48 km) south of the Cape Cod peninsula. Together with the small islands of Tuckernuck and Muskeget, it constitutes the Town and County of Nantucket, a combined county/town government.  Nantucket is the southeasternmost town in both Massachusetts and the New England region. The name "Nantucket" is adapted from similar Algonquian names for the island.

Nantucket is a tourist destination and summer colony. Due to tourists and seasonal residents, the population of the island increases to around 80,000 during the summer months. The average sale price for a single-family home was $2.3 million in the first quarter of 2018.

The National Park Service cites Nantucket, designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1966, as being the "finest surviving architectural and environmental example of a late 18th- and early 19th-century New England seaport town."
Manzer
Manzer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Linda Manzer (born 1952), Canadian master luthier

Lorna Manzer (fl. 1970s–1980s), Canadian Paralympic skier

Roy Manzer (1896–1956), Canadian World War I flying ace

Roy Manzer
Captain Roy Manzer, DFC QC was a Canadian World War I flying ace credited with 12 official aerial victories. After his aerial military service, he returned to Canada and a long and distinguished legal and civic career.
Nyasvizh
Nyasvizh or Nesvizh is a town in Minsk Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative centre of Nyasvizh District. Nyasvizh is the site of Nesvizh Castle, a World Heritage Site. In 2009, its population was 14,300. As of 2025, it has a population of 15,909.

Pas kontuszowy
Kontush sash ("kontusz belt"; Lithuanian: kontušo juosta, Belarusian: кунтушовы пояс) was a cloth sash used for girding a kontusz (a robe-like garment). It was one of the most distinctive items of male dress of Polish and Lithuanian nobility (szlachta) and is a key component of the Polish national costume. In an earlier period, sometimes narrower sashes of fine cloth or silk net were worn, but the wide kontusz sash is specific to the later period. A variant known in Belarus lands is Slutsk Sash.
Drakht-i Asurig
Draxt ī Āsūrīg (meaning "The Assyrian Tree" or "The Babylonian Tree") is a Parthian-language poem consisting of about 120 verses and written in Book Pahlavi script. The language shows influences from Middle Persian. It is one of the oldest existing texts in the Parthian language.

The poem is framed as a dialogue between a goat and a palm tree. At the end, the goat is proclaimed to be victorious. The Iranians may have adopted this genre from the oral traditions of ancient Mesopotamia.

Some scholars consider the goat and the palm tree to be the symbols of Zoroastrianism and the Babylonian religion, or simply the pastoral life and agricultural life, respectively.

The poem is also considered wisdom literature.

A similar but less significant story, "The story of the vine and the ewe" (رز و میش raz o mīš), has been recorded in Persian literature.

Babylonian religion
Babylonian religion is the religious practice of Babylonia. Babylonia's mythology was largely influenced by its Sumerian counterparts and was written on clay tablets inscribed with the cuneiform script derived from Sumerian cuneiform. The myths were usually either written in Sumerian or Akkadian. Some Babylonian texts were translations into Akkadian from Sumerian of earlier texts, but the names of some deities were changed.
2025 Queen's Club Championships – Men's singles
Carlos Alcaraz defeated Jiří Lehečka in the final, 7–5, 6–7(5–7), 6–2 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2025 Queen's Club Championships. It was his second Queen's Club title (after 2023) and 21st career ATP Tour title.

Tommy Paul was the reigning champion, but withdrew before the tournament began.

Queen's Club Championships
The Queen's Club Championships is an annual tournament for men's and women’s tennis, held on grass courts at the Queen's Club in West Kensington, London. The event is part of the ATP Tour 500 series on the ATP Tour as well as the WTA 500 series on the WTA Tour (starting in 2025). Since 2025, it is advertised as the "HSBC Championships" after its title sponsor.
Queen's is one of the oldest tennis tournaments in the world, and serves as a grass court warm-up for Wimbledon.

Andy Murray won a record five singles titles between 2009 and 2016, and a record six championships in total (including one doubles title in 2019).
John O'Donoghue (politician)
John O'Donoghue (born 28 May 1956) is an Irish former Fianna Fáil politician who served as Ceann Comhairle of Dáil Éireann from 2007 to 2009, Minister for Arts, Sport and Tourism from 2002 to 2007, Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform from 1997 to 2002 and Minister of State at the Department of Finance from 1991 to 1992. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Kerry South constituency from 1987 to 2011.

Minister for Culture, Communications and Sport
The Minister for Culture, Communications and Sport (Irish: An tAire Cultúir, Cumarsáide agus Spóirt) is a senior minister in the Government of Ireland and leads the Department of Culture, Communications and Sport.

The minister since January 2025 is Patrick O'Donovan, TD. He is assisted by one minister of state:

Charlie McConalogue, TD – Minister of State for sport and postal policy
The Man from Snowy River: Arena Spectacular (original soundtrack)
The Man from Snowy River: Arena Spectacular is a musical by David Atkins and Ignatius Jones, based on the poem The Man from Snowy River, written by Banjo Paterson.

All poetry narrated in the musical was written by Banjo Paterson, including "Waltzing Matilda" (for which the music was written by Marie Cowan).

Bruce Rowland composed the instrumental music for both the 1982 film The Man from Snowy River film and its sequel 1988 film The Man from Snowy River II (American title for the 1988 sequel: "Return to Snowy River").  Rowland composed special arrangements of some of his music for "The Man from Snowy River: Arena Spectacular" musical and also conducted the orchestra.

Lee Kernaghan and Garth Porter wrote the music and lyrics for the country songs.  Lee Kernaghan also sang some of the country songs (which he had already recorded on some of his albums), during the concert scene.

AT the ARIA Music Awards of 2002, the soundtrack won Best Original Soundtrack, Cast or Show Album.

The Man from Snowy River (poem)
"The Man from Snowy River" is a poem by Australian bush poet Banjo Paterson.  It was first published in The Bulletin, an Australian news magazine, on 26 April 1890, and was published by Angus & Robertson in October 1895, with other poems by Paterson, in The Man from Snowy River and Other Verses.

The poem tells the story of a horseback pursuit to recapture the colt of a prizewinning racehorse that escaped from its paddock and is living with the brumbies (wild horses) of the mountain ranges.  Eventually the brumbies descend a seemingly impassable steep slope, at which point the assembled riders give up the pursuit, except the young protagonist, who spurs his "pony" (small horse) down the "terrible descent" and catches the mob.

Two characters mentioned in the early part of the poem are featured in previous Paterson poems: "Clancy of the Overflow" and Harrison from "Old Pardon, Son of Reprieve".
Seven Thorns
Seven Thorns is a Danish power metal band formed in 1998. The group have undergone multiple changes in line-up leading up to the release of their debut album, Return to the Past in 2010. Despite being somewhat latecomers to the power metal scene, the first 2 albums has clear inspiration from the "old school of power metal" citing influences by bands such as Gamma Ray, Helloween and Stratovarius. The later albums shows a more dark approach than the majority of power metal bands.

Gamma Ray (band)
Gamma Ray is a German power metal band from Hamburg, founded and fronted by Kai Hansen after his departure from power metal band Helloween, in 1989. He is the band's lead vocalist, guitarist and chief songwriter. Between 1990 and 2014, Gamma Ray recorded eleven studio albums.
Kyrkjebø (village)
Kyrkjebø is a village in Høyanger Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the northern shore of the Sognefjorden, about halfway between the small Vadheimsfjorden and Høyangsfjorden arms which branch off the main fjord. The village sits about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the west of the village of Austreim, about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) to the southwest of the village of Høyanger (the municipal centre), and 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) southeast of the village of Vadheim, where the European route E39 highway passes through the municipality.

The 0.29-square-kilometre (72-acre) village has a population (2025) of 239 and a population density of 824 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,130/sq mi).

Sognefjord
The Sognefjord or Sognefjorden (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsɔ̂ŋnəˌfjuːɳ], English: Sogn Fjord), nicknamed the King of the Fjords (Norwegian: Fjordenes konge), is the longest and deepest fjord in Norway. Located in Vestland county in Western Norway, it stretches 205 kilometres (127 mi) inland from the ocean to the small village of Skjolden in Luster Municipality.

The fjord gives its name to the surrounding district of Sogn. The name is related to Norwegian word súg- "to suck",  presumably from the surge or suction of the tidal currents at the mouth of the fjord.
Vikentije
Vikentije or Vićentije is the Serbian variant of the Latin name Vincentius, meaning "winner" or "conqueror".

Serbian Patriarch Vikentije I, Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch (1758)

Serbian Patriarch Vikentije II, Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch (1950–1958)

Vikentije Popović, Metropolitan of Karlovci (1713–1725)

Vikentije Jovanović, Metropolitan of Belgrade and Karlovci (1731–1737)

Vićentije Jovanović Vidak, Metropolitan of Sremski Karlovci (1774–1780)

Vićentije Vićenco Vuković (fl. 1560–71), Serbian printer and editor in Venice

Vikentije II, Serbian Patriarch
Vikentije (II) (Serbian Cyrillic: Викентије, secular name Vitomir Prodanov, Витомир Проданов; 23 August 1890 – 5 July 1958) was the fourth partriach of the reunified Serbian Orthodox Church, from 1950 until his death.
1987 Berlin Marathon
The 1987 Berlin Marathon was the 14th running of the annual marathon race held in Berlin, West Germany, held on 4 October. Tanzania's Suleiman Nyambui won the men's race in 2:11:11 hours, while the women's race was won by West Germany's Kerstin Preßler in 2:31:22. Gregor Golombek (1:46:52) and Margit Quell (2:21:29), both of West Germany, won the men's and women's wheelchair races. A total of 12,674 runners finished the race, comprising 11,651 men and 1023 women.

Kerstin Preßler
Kerstin Marie-Luise Preßler (born 2 February 1962 in Augsburg, Bayern) is a former female long-distance runner from Germany, who represented West Germany at the 1988 Summer Olympics. She won the Tiberias Marathon in 1986, the 1987 edition of the Berlin Marathon and the 1990 Frankfurt Marathon. She also competed over the half marathon distance and twice won the Berlin Half Marathon (1985 and 1988).
Mohammad Ashraful
Mohammad Ashraful (Bengali: মোহাম্মদ আশরাফুল; born 7 July 1984) is a Bangladeshi cricketer, who has represented the Bangladesh men's national team.

Between 2007 and 2009, Ashraful captained his country in 13 Tests, and 38 One Day Internationals (ODIs), out of which Bangladesh won eight. Ashraful has scored the fastest fifty in Test and ODI for any Bangladeshi cricketer.

Ashraful also played domestic cricket for the Dhaka Division cricket team in Bangladesh's domestic one-day and first-class competitions, captaining both sides on occasion.

In 2014 the Bangladesh Cricket Board banned him for eight years after he was found guilty of match fixing. The ban was later reduced to 5 years with 2 years suspended. At the end of the suspension, Ashraful returned to playing domestic cricket.

Dhaka Division cricket team
The Dhaka Division cricket team is a Bangladeshi first-class team representing the Dhaka Division, one of the seven administrative regions in Bangladesh. The team competes in the National Cricket League. They play most of their home games at the Sher-e-Bangla National Cricket Stadium in Dhaka.The equivalent team in the Bangladesh Premier League (BPL) is the Dhaka Capitals.
Electron beam-induced current
Electron-beam-induced current (EBIC) is a semiconductor analysis technique performed in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). It is most commonly used to identify buried junctions or defects in semiconductors, or to examine minority carrier properties. EBIC is similar to cathodoluminescence in that it depends on the creation of electron–hole pairs in the semiconductor sample by the microscope's electron beam. This technique is used in semiconductor failure analysis and solid-state physics.

Carrier generation and recombination
In solid-state physics of semiconductors, carrier generation and carrier recombination are processes by which mobile charge carriers (electrons and electron holes) are created and eliminated. Carrier generation and recombination processes are fundamental to the operation of many optoelectronic semiconductor devices, such as photodiodes, light-emitting diodes and laser diodes. They are also critical to a full analysis of p-n junction devices such as bipolar junction transistors and p-n junction diodes.

The electron–hole pair is the fundamental unit of generation and recombination in inorganic semiconductors, corresponding to an electron transitioning between the valence band and the conduction band where generation of an electron is a transition from the valence band to the conduction band and recombination leads to a reverse transition.  Slow recombination rates (or equivalently, long carrier lifetimes) are a favorable attribute of the semiconductors that comprise solar cells.
Akhurst
Akhurst is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl Akhurst (1886–1953), Australian politician

Daphne Akhurst (1903–1933), Australian tennis player

Lucy Akhurst (born 1970), British actress

William Akhurst (1822–1878), Australian actor

Carl Akhurst
Carl Adrian Akhurst JP (14 June 1886 – 8 September 1953) was an Australian accountant, secretary and politician who served as a Member of the Legislative Council of New South Wales from 1925 to 1934. Initially appointed by the Governor of New South Wales as one of 25 Labor Party appointees, Akhurst was expelled from the party after failing to vote for the council's abolition in 1926. Readmitted to the Federal Labor Party in 1931, Akhurst unsuccessfully sought re-election as the ALP candidate to the council in 1940.