hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stubaitalbahn
The Stubaitalbahn (Stubai Valley Railway) is an 18.2 km (11.3 mi) long narrow gauge interurban tram from Innsbruck to Fulpmes in Tyrol, Austria. In the city of Innsbruck, it uses the local tramway tracks. At the Stubaital station, the branch line-rated part begins. The meter gauge track starts at Innsbruck's Main station, crosses the Wilten district, and passes the villages of Natters, Mutters, Kreith, and Telfes.  Between the Stubaital station and Fulpmes, the railway is single-track, but at nine stations: Sonnenburgerhof, Hölltal, Mutters, Nockhofweg Muttereralmbahn, Feldeler, Kreith, Telfer Wiesen, Luimes, Telfes, there are passing loops where the train usually uses the left-hand track. The final station, Fulpmes, has three tracks and one depot.

Tramway track
Tramway track is used on tramways or light rail operations. As with standard rail tracks, tram tracks have two parallel steel rails, the distance between the heads of the rails being the track gauge. When there is no need for pedestrians or road vehicles to traverse the track, conventional flat-bottom rail is used. However, when such traffic exists, such as in urban streets, grooved rails are used.

Tram rails can be placed on several surfaces, such as on ground over which track ballast topped by sleepers (US: ties)  and flat-bottom rails are laid – as with railway tracks – or, for street running, with grooved rails usually embedded into a concrete pavement. In some places, tracks are laid into grass turf surfaces; they are known as green track, grassed track or track in lawn.
Enormous Changes at the Last Minute
Enormous Changes at the Last Minute is a 1983 three-part drama film based on the 1974 short stories of the same name by Grace Paley, which was directed by Mirra Bank, Ellen Hovde and Muffie Meyer. The film stars Kevin Bacon, Ellen Barkin and David Strathairn, among others. The film was released in 1985 in the United States.

Ellen Hovde
Ellen Margerethe Hovde (March 9, 1925 – February 16, 2023) was an American documentarian. She co-directed Grey Gardens with the Maysles brothers. She won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Documentary or Nonfiction Special for producing the 2002 series Benjamin Franklin for PBS.
Alamosa Solar Generating Project
The Alamosa Solar Generating Plant is a 35.3 MWp (30.0 MWAC) concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) power station, the largest in the world when it was completed, in May 2012.

   It is currently the world's third largest operating CPV facility. The output is being sold to Public Service of Colorado, a subsidiary of Xcel Energy, under a long term Power Purchase Agreement.

Xcel Energy
Xcel Energy Inc. is a U.S. regulated electric utility and natural gas delivery company based in Minneapolis, Minnesota, serving approximately 3.9 million electricity customers and 2.2 million natural gas customers across parts of eight states as of mid-2025. It consists of four operating subsidiaries: Northern States Power-Minnesota, Northern States Power-Wisconsin, Public Service Company of Colorado, and Southwestern Public Service Co.

In December 2018, Xcel Energy announced it would deliver 100 percent clean, carbon-free electricity by 2050, with an 80 percent carbon reduction by 2035 (from 2005 levels). This makes Xcel the first major US utility to set such a goal.
Honkajoki
Honkajoki (Finnish: [ˈhoŋkɑˌjoki]; Hongonjoki until 1952) is a former municipality of Finland. It was merged with the town of Kankaanpää on 1 January 2021.

It was located in the province of Western Finland and was part of the Satakunta region. The population of Honkajoki was 1,595 (31 December 2020) and the municipality covered an area of 331.22 km2 (127.88 sq mi) of which 1.8 km2 (0.69 sq mi) was inland water (1 January 2018). The population density was 20.76/km2 (53.8/sq mi). The municipality was unilingually Finnish.

The wooden tankard called haarikka in the coat of arms of Honkajoki represent local handicrafts, while the star comes from the coat of arms of Satakunta region. The coat of arms was designed by Ahti Hammar and was confirmed in 1952.

In the 1980s, clot soup and lamb stew potatoes were named Honkajoki's traditional local dishes.

Tankard
A tankard is a form of drinkware consisting of a large, roughly cylindrical, drinking cup with a single handle. In recent centuries tankards were typically made of silver or pewter, but they can be made of other materials, for example glass, wood, pottery, or boiled leather. A tankard may have a hinged lid, and tankards featuring glass bottoms are also fairly common. Beer steins are a similar shape and use.
Jackline Wambui
Jackline Wambūi (born 8 February 2000) is a Kenyan middle-distance runner who competes in the 800 metres event.

Wambūi won the gold medal in the 800 meters at the 2017 IAAF World U18 Championships in Nairobi. The following year, she finished eighth at the 2018 IAAF World U20 Championships in Tampere. In April 2019, she won the African Junior Championships in Abidjan, and then in August won the Kenyan National Championships.

She withdrew from the 2019 IAAF World Athletics Championships after not taking a mandatory testosterone level test. In 2024, World Athletics filed a CAS case against Wambūi and the Anti-Doping Agency of Kenya related to the violation.

Her personal best for the 800m is 1:58.79, set at Nyayo National Stadium, Nairobi, on 13 September 2019.

2017 IAAF World U18 Championships
The 2017 IAAF World U18 Championships was the tenth and last edition of the biennial international athletics competition for youth (under-18) athletes. The five-day competition took place between 12 and 16 July at the Moi International Sports Centre in Nairobi, Kenya. Eligible athletes were aged 16 or 17 on 31 December 2017 (born in 2000 or 2001).

South Africa topped the medals table with 11 medals, five of them gold, while host nation Kenya finished fourth with four gold and 15 medals in total.
W12 engine
A W12 engine is a twelve-cylinder piston engine in which either three banks of four cylinders, or four banks of three cylinders are arranged in a W configuration around a common crankshaft.

W12 engines with three banks of four cylinders were used in several aircraft engines from 1917 until the 1930s. A three-bank design was also used for an unsuccessful W12 engine that was intended to compete in Formula One in 1990.

W12 engines are less common than V12 engines and only a handful of automobile manufacturers use them. The WR12 engine was produced by the Volkswagen Group between 2001 and 2024. This four-bank engine – based on two VR6 engines with a common crankshaft – has been used only in flagship high performance car models produced by the Volkswagen Group and by Spyker.

Bentley Flying Spur (2005)
The Bentley Flying Spur, known as the Bentley Continental Flying Spur before 2013, is a full-sized luxury car produced by Bentley Motors Limited since 2005. It is the four-door saloon variant of the Bentley Continental GT two-door coupé.

The Flying Spur is assembled by hand at Bentley's factory in Crewe, England. Briefly, due to lack of capacity at the Crewe factory upon the car's introduction, 1,358 units of the first generation Flying Spur destined for markets other than the United States and United Kingdom were built at parent-company Volkswagen's Transparent Factory in Dresden, Germany. This arrangement ended in early 2007, when all assembly works reverted to Crewe.
Bobivtsi
Bobivtsi (Ukrainian: Бобівці; Romanian: Bobești; German: Bobestie) is a village in Chernivtsi Raion, Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Storozhynets urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Bobivtsi belonged to Storozhynets Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernivtsi Oblast to three. The area of Storozhynets Raion was merged into Chernivtsi Raion.

Chernivtsi Raion
Chernivtsi Raion (Ukrainian: Чернівецький район) is a raion (district) of Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine. It was created on 18 July 2020 as part of the reform of administrative divisions of Ukraine. Most of its territory is located in the historical region of Bukovina, while the southeastern parts are in Bessarabia, and the Hertsa region. The center of the raion is the city of Chernivtsi. Four abolished raions, Hertsa, Hlyboka, Storozhynets, and Zastavna Raions, part of abolished Kitsman and Novoselytsia Raions, as well as the city of Chernivtsi, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance, were merged into Chernivtsi Raion. Population: 648,643 (2022 estimate).
Liucija Vaitukaitytė
Liucija Vaitukaitytė (born 24 April 2000) is a Lithuanian professional footballer who currently plays as a midfielder for Italian Serie A club SSD FC Como Women. She previously played in Italy for Pomigliano and in Spain for Granadilla, Sevilla and Racing Santander. She made her debut for the Lithuania women's national team in 2015.

Serie A Femminile
The Serie A (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsɛːrje ˈa]), also known as the Serie A Women Athora for sponsorship reasons, is the highest league of women's football in Italy. Established in 1968, it has been run by the Italian Football Federation (FIGC) since the 2018–19 season, and currently features 12 teams.

The most successful club in the league's history is Torres, who have won seven times. The current Serie A champions are Juventus who have won their sixth title. As of the 2022–23 edition, the Serie A is ranked fifth in the UEFA women's coefficient, and the top three teams qualify for the UEFA Women's Champions League.

The Serie A became fully-professional from the 2022–23 season, removing the salary cap and allowing teams to pay their players a higher wage. Women's footballers became the first female athletes in Italy to be fully professional. The number of teams also decreased from 12 to 10, though re-increased to 12 teams in the 2025–26 season.
Chikugogawa Prefectural Natural Park
Chikugogawa Prefectural Natural Park (筑後川県立自然公園, Chikugogawa kenritsu shizen kōen) is a Prefectural Natural Park in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. Established in 1950, the park spans the municipalities of Kama, Asakura, Kurume, Ukiha, Yame, and Tachiarai. The park derives its name from the Chikugo River.

Yame
Yame (八女市, Yame-shi) is a city located in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 December 2023, the city had an estimated population of 37,782 in 16050 households, and a population density of 240 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 482.44 km2 (186.27 sq mi). Yamecha is produced in Yame and surrounding areas, and is a tea known throughout Japan.
2018 Okayama GT 300km
The 2018 Okayama GT 300km was the first round of the 2018 Super GT Series. It was held at the Okayama International Circuit in Mimasaka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan.

The GT500 category was won by Koudai Tsukakoshi and Takashi Kogure in the #17 Real Racing Honda NSX-GT, whilst Yuhki Nakayama and Takashi Kobayashi won the GT300 category in the #18 Team UpGarage Toyota 86.

Yuhki Nakayama
Yuhki Nakayama (中山友貴, Nakayama Yūki; born July 29, 1987 in Kanazawa) is a Japanese racing driver. As of 2025, he drives in the Super GT series in the GT300 category for Good Smile Racing. He was the Super GT champion in the GT300 in 2013.
Kouzemt
Kouzemt is a town and rural commune in Chichaoua Province of the Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 4540 people living in 828 households.

2004 Moroccan census
The 2004 Moroccan census, formally the General Population and Housing Census for the year 2004, was held in Morocco in 2004, conducted by the High Planning Commission. The previous census was taken in 1994.
Sasha Gollish
Sasha Gollish (born 27 December 1981) is a Canadian competitive runner. She won a gold medal in the half-marathon at the 2013 Maccabiah Games in Israel, a bronze medal in the 1500 m at the 2015 Pan American Games, and gold medals at the 2017 Maccabiah Games in the 800m, 1,500m, and 5,000m events. She won the 2016 Canadian women's 10K Cross Country Championship, the 2017 women's 8K North American, Central American and Caribbean Athletic Association (NACAC) Cross-Country Championship, and the 2018 Canadian Half Marathon National Championship. In 2022, Gollish set a new women’s 40+ indoor mile world record, and that same year she won the gold medal at the 2022 NACAC Half Marathon Championships.

Canadian Track and Field Championships
The Canadian Track and Field Championships is an annual outdoor track and field competition organized by Athletics Canada, which serves as the Canadian national championships for the sport. The championships serve as part of the selection process for Canadian teams at the Olympic Games, World Athletics Championships, Commonwealth Games, Pan American Games, and NACAC Championships.

The most recent edition of the competition took place in Montreal, Quebec and served as the Paralympic and Olympic trials for the 2024 Paris Games. The next edition is set to take place in Ottawa, Ontario and will serve as part of the selection process for the 2025 World Athletics Championships.
Gottschalk v. Benson
Gottschalk v. Benson, 409 U.S. 63 (1972), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that a process claim directed to a numerical algorithm, as such, was not patentable because "the patent would wholly pre-empt the mathematical formula and in practical effect would be a patent on the algorithm itself." That would be tantamount to allowing a patent on an abstract idea, contrary to precedent dating back to the middle of the 19th century.  The ruling stated "Direct attempts to patent programs have been rejected [and] indirect attempts to obtain patents and avoid the rejection ... have confused the issue further and should not be permitted." The case was argued on October 16, 1972, and was decided November 20, 1972.

Title 35 of the United States Code
Title 35 of the United States Code is a title of United States Code regarding patent law. The sections of Title 35 govern all aspects of patent law in the United States. There are currently 37 chapters, which include 376 sections (149 of which are used), in Title 35.

Federally recognized forms of intellectual property are scattered throughout the United States Code. Copyrights are covered under Title 17. Trademark and unfair competition law is defined in Chapter 22 of Title 15. Trade Secrets law, another form of intellectual property, is defined in Title 18.

Title 35 has four parts, which are delved into further later in the article:

Part I—United States Patent and Trademark Office

Part II—Patentability of Inventions and Grant of Patents

Part III—Patents and Protection of Patent Rights

Part IV—Patent Cooperation Treaty
Staroye Perepechino
Staroye Perepechino (Russian: Старое Перепечино) is a rural locality (a village) in Nagornoye Rural Settlement, Petushinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 363 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

Petushinsky District
Petushinsky District (Russian: Петуши́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the sixteen in Vladimir Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,692 square kilometers (653 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Petushki. Population: 59,680 (2021 census); 68,062 (2010 census); 69,364 (2002 Census); 78,498 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Petushki accounts for 22.3% of the district's total population.
Frank Haynes (politician)
David Francis Haynes (8 March 1926 – 11 September 1998) was a British politician. A member of the Labour Party, he served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Ashfield from 1979 to 1992.

Born in Wandsworth, London, a former miner, Haynes became the MP for Ashfield in 1979, regaining a seat that had been lost to the Conservatives in a 1977 by-election. Haynes served until 1992 when he retired and was succeeded by Geoff Hoon.

Haynes was famous for having one of the loudest and most resonant voices in the House of Commons. He was sponsored by the National Union of Mineworkers, and during the 1984–85 strike remained loyal to the union rather than support the majority of Nottinghamshire miners who broke away to form the Union of Democratic Mineworkers. He frequently highlighted the problems of the very poorest in society when putting questions to Margaret Thatcher and her ministers.

Haynes died in Westwood, Nottinghamshire, in September 1998 at the age of 72.

Ashfield (UK Parliament constituency)
Ashfield is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. It is in the English county of Nottinghamshire, East Midlands, to the northwest of the city of Nottingham, in the Erewash Valley along the border with neighbouring county Derbyshire.

Ashfield was part of the Red Wall, a group of constituencies in the Midlands and Northern England which formerly almost always voted for the Labour Party, until many of them switched to the Conservative Party in the 2019 general election. In the 2016 referendum on membership of the European Union, Ashfield voted 70% in favour of Brexit.

Since 2019, its Member of Parliament (MP) has been Lee Anderson, who was first elected as a Conservative, but switched to Reform UK in 2024, winning reelection later that year.
Vouliagmenis Avenue
Vouliagmenis Avenue (Greek: Λεωφόρος Βουλιαγμένης, romanized: Leofóros Vouliagménis) is one of the longest avenues in the Greater Athens area, stretching from central Athens to the seaside resort of Vouliagmeni.https://www.athens24.com/guide/vouliagmenis-avenue.html The total length is 21 km.  The avenue begins at Athanasios Diakos Street and Michalakopoulou Street and the southbound portion of the avenue runs with three lanes to the southern portion of municipality of Athens and eastern Dafni. Seven Athens Metro subway stations lie underneath or next to the avenue: Agios Ioannis, Dafni, Agios Dimitrios, Ilioupoli station, Alimos station, Argyroupoli station and Elliniko station, all part of the southern section of the Red Line. It has an intersection with the road linking with the Hymettus Ring of the Attiki Odos motorway and Katechaki Avenue. It also has several intersections in Glyfada and with the Vari-Koropi Avenue.

Agios Ioannis metro station
Agios Ioannis (Greek: Άγιος Ιωάννης, lit. 'St. John's'), also known as Aghios Ioannis on signage, is a station on Athens Metro Line 2. The station opened on 15 November 2000, as part of the extension from Syntagma to Dafni.
Beckermonds
Beckermonds is a small hamlet in the county of North Yorkshire, England. The hamlet lies at the western end of Langstrothdale, at the confluence of Green Field Beck and Oughtershaw Beck, which join to form the start of the River Wharfe.

The toponym, first recorded in 1241 as Beckermotes, is from the Old Norse bekkjar mót, meaning "the meeting of the streams".  The intrusive n was added later under the influence of Old French mont, "hill".

The hamlet consists of five dwellings. Population is six. Two of the cottages are run as holiday lets which, when fully occupied, add twelve to this figure.

Until 1974 it was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Craven, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Craven District
Craven was a non-metropolitan district in the west of North Yorkshire, England, centred on the market town of Skipton. The name Craven is much older than the modern district and encompassed a larger area. This history is also reflected in the way the term is still commonly used, such as by the Church of England.

From 1974 until 2023, the name Craven was used for a separate local government district, formed originally as the merger of Skipton urban district, Settle Rural District and most of Skipton Rural District; all were historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire. Since 1 April 2023, the area has formed part of the new North Yorkshire Council unitary authority. The population of the Local Authority area at the 2011 Census was 55,409; it comprised the upper reaches of Airedale, Wharfedale, Ribblesdale, and includes most of the Aire Gap and Craven Basin.
Novaya Kurba
Novaya Kurba (Russian: Новая Курба; Buryat: Шэнэ Хγрбэ, Shene Khürbe) is a rural locality (a selo) in Zaigrayevsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 484 as of 2010. There are 8 streets.

Zaigrayevsky District
Zaigrayevsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in the Republic of Buryatia, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic. The area of the district is 6,605 square kilometers (2,550 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Zaigrayevo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 49,975, with the population of Zaigrayevo accounting for 11.2% of that number.
2014 Open Féminin de Marseille – Doubles
Sandra Klemenschits and Andreja Klepač were the defending champions, having won the event in 2013, but both players chose to participate with different partners. Klemenschits chose to participate with Yulia Putintseva, losing in the first round, while Klepač chose to participate with Mandy Minella, losing in the semifinals.

Lourdes Domínguez Lino and Beatriz García Vidagany won the title, defeating Yuliya Beygelzimer and Olga Savchuk in the final, 6–1, 6–2.

Lourdes Domínguez Lino
Lourdes Domínguez Lino (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈluɾðes ðoˈmiŋɡeθ ˈlino]; born 31 March 1981) is a former tennis player from Spain. She reached career-high rankings of world No. 40 in singles and 45 in doubles.
Duncan Islands
The Duncan Islands are a group of islands in the Torres Strait Islands archipelago, northwest of the Bramble Channel of Torres Strait in Queensland, Australia. The islands are situated north of Thursday Island and approximately 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) southwest of Badu Island. The Duncan Islands are located within the Torres Strait Island Region local government area.

The Duncan Islands include three uninhabited islands:

Kanig Island

Maitak Island

Meth Islet

The first Europeans to discover the islands were the survivors of the wreck of Governor Ready, who were sailing to Timor in their boats.

Thursday Island
Thursday Island, colloquially known as TI, or in the Kawrareg dialect, Waiben or Waibene, is an island of the Torres Strait Islands, an archipelago of at least 274 small islands in the Torres Strait. TI is located approximately 39 kilometres (24 miles) north of Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland, Australia.

Thursday Island is also the name of the town in the south and west of the island, formerly known as Port Kennedy, and also the name of the locality which contains the island within the Shire of Torres. The town of Rose Hill (known as Abednego until 7 September 1991) is located on the north-eastern tip of the island (10°34′11″S 142°13′30″E﻿ / ﻿10.5698°S 142.2250°E﻿ / -10.5698; 142.2250﻿ (Rose Hill, Queensland)).

In the 2021 census, the locality of Thursday Island had a population of 2,805 people, of whom 69.1% identify as Indigenous Australians.