hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 4754
NGC 4754 is a barred lenticular galaxy located about 53 million light-years away in the constellation of Virgo. NGC 4754 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 15, 1784. It forms a non-interacting pair with the edge-on lenticular galaxy NGC 4762. NGC 4754 is a member of the Virgo Cluster.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
McRib
The McRib is a minced pork sandwich with barbecue sauce sold by the fast food restaurant chain McDonald's, introduced in 1981. It consists of a restructured boneless pork patty shaped like a miniature rack of ribs, barbecue sauce, onions, and pickles, served as a sandwich on a 5+1⁄2-inch (14 cm) roll.

After poor sales, it was removed from the menu in 1985. It was reintroduced in 1989, staying on the menu until 2005 in many countries. Since 2006, it has generally been made available for a short time each year in most markets where it is sold, typically during the fall season, although it is a permanent menu item at McDonald's restaurants in Germany and Luxembourg.

Pork
Pork is the culinary name for the meat of the pig (Sus domesticus). It is the second most commonly consumed type of meat worldwide, following poultry, with evidence of pig husbandry dating back to 8000–9000 BCE.

Pork is eaten both freshly cooked and preserved; curing extends the shelf life of pork products. Ham, gammon, bacon, and pork sausage are examples of preserved pork. Charcuterie is the branch of cooking devoted to prepared meat products, many from pork.

Pork is one of the most popular meats in the Western world, particularly in Central Europe. It is also very popular in East and Southeast Asia (Mainland Southeast Asia, Philippines, Singapore, and East Timor). The meat is highly prized in Asian cuisines, especially in China (including Hong Kong) and Northeast India, for its fat content and texture.

Some religions and cultures prohibit pork consumption, notably Islam and Judaism.
Nation's Restaurant News
Nation's Restaurant News (NRN) is an American trade publication, founded in 1967. NRN covers the foodservice industry, including restaurants, restaurant chains, operations, marketing, and events. It is owned by Informa (who acquired Penton Media on November 2, 2016, who earlier purchased it from founding company Lebhar-Friedman in December 2010). Nation's Restaurant News's sister publications are Restaurant Hospitality, Food Management, Supermarket News, and MUFSO (Multi-Unit Food Service Operators).

Nation's Restaurant News is published bi-weekly, with an online portal that launched in 1996.

Nation's Restaurant News reports a monthly print readership of more than 66,000 subscribers, while its website attracts an average of 660,000 users per month. The publication also maintains a substantial readership of over 90,000 subscribers for its flagship E-Newsletter.

Trade magazine
A trade magazine, also called a business-to-business magazine, trade journal, or trade paper (colloquially or disparagingly a trade rag), is a magazine or newspaper whose target audience is people who work in a particular trade or industry. The collective term for this area of publishing is the trade press.
Thomas Drummond (politician)
Thomas Drummond (c. 1833 – April 1865) was an American politician.

Drummond was a native of Virginia, born in about 1833. Aged about 22, he moved to Vinton, Iowa, and became the editor of the Vinton Eagle. The following year, Drummond was a delegate at the Republican National Convention. In 1857, Drummond was elected to the Iowa House of Representatives from District 10, which included Benton County at the time. In 1860, Drummond won election to the Iowa Senate as a representative of District 35. When the American Civil War broke out, he organized a volunteer corps and was commissioned as a lieutenant-colonel of the 4th Iowa Cavalry Regiment. Months later, Drummond was assigned a commission with the 5th U.S. Cavalry Regiment. He died of injuries sustained during the Battle of Five Forks.

Benton County, Iowa
Benton County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,575. 
Its county seat and largest city is Vinton. The county is named for Thomas Hart Benton, a U.S. Senator from Missouri.

Benton County is part of the Cedar Rapids, IA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Tay Canal
The Tay Canal is the portion of the Tay River in the eastern Ontario region, providing a connection between the town of Perth and the Rideau Canal at Beveridge Bay on Lower Rideau Lake. The canal is 9.8 km (6.1 miles) in length and is operated today by Parks Canada as part of their Rideau Canal operations.  At the entrance to the Tay Canal are two locks, Upper and Lower Beveridge Locks, which provide a total lift of 7.6 m (25 ft).

Eastern Ontario
Eastern Ontario (census population 1,892,332 in 2021) (French: Est de l'Ontario) is a secondary region of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It occupies a wedge-shaped area bounded by the Ottawa River and Quebec to the northeast and east, the St. Lawrence River and New York to the south, and Northern Ontario and Central Ontario to the west and northwest.
Paddy Griffith
Paddy Griffith (4 February 1947, Liverpool, England – 25 June 2010) was a British military theorist and historian, who authored numerous books in the field of War Studies. He was also a wargame designer for the UK Ministry of Defence, and a leading figure in the wargaming community.

Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (RMAS or RMA Sandhurst), commonly known simply as Sandhurst, is one of several military academies of the United Kingdom and is the British Army's initial officer training centre. It is located in the town of Sandhurst, Berkshire, though its ceremonial entrance is in Camberley, Surrey, southwest of London. All British Army officers (including late-entry officers who were previously Warrant Officers) are trained at the academy, alongside other men and women from overseas. The academy also commands the University Officers' Training Corps (UOTC), which along with the General Staff Centre (GSC) and the Centre for Army Leadership (CAL) are collectively part of the formation known as Sandhurst Group (RMAS Group) part of Home Command.

Sandhurst is the British Army equivalent of the Britannia Royal Naval College and of the Royal Air Force College Cranwell.
Burcu Pirinçci
Burcu Pirinçci, aka Burcu Dindar, (born February 8, 1990) is a Turkish women's handballer, who plays in the Turkish Women's Handball Super League for İzmir BB GSK, and the Turkey national team. The 1.74 m (5 ft 9 in)-tall sportswoman plays in the center back position.

In 2013, Burcu Pirinçci married Hasan Dindar, a goalkeeper of the Yeni Bornovaspor football team.

She played for  Anadolu Üniversitesi GSK from 2005 to 2008 before she transferred to İzmir BB GSK.

She took part in the Women's EHF Cup Winners' Cups (2005–06, 2011–12 and 2012–13), Women's EHF Cup (2006–07, 2009–10 and 2010–11) as well as Women's EHF Challenge Cup (2007–08, 2008–09, 2014–15 and 2015–16).

2014–15 Women's EHF Challenge Cup
The 2014–15 Women's EHF Challenge Cup was the 18th edition of the European Handball Federation's fourth-tier competition for men's handball clubs, running from 14 November 2014 to 13 May 2015. Mios Biganos won the tournament.
Peperomia tetraquetra
Peperomia tetraquetra is a species of hemiepiphytic subshrub from the genus Peperomia. It was first described by Luis Sodiro and published in the book "Contribuciones al conocimiento de la Flora Ecuatoriana . . . Monografia i. Piperaceas Ecuatorianas 1: 175. 1900 ". It primarily grows on wet tropical biomes.

Luis Sodiro
Luis Sodiro (1836–1909) was an Italian Jesuit priest and a field botanist from Vicenza who described a large number of species from the area around Quito, Ecuador in the early 20th century. He was perhaps the first person who collected in this region and he described at least 38 species from Esmeraldas, a region in Ecuador.
Joniece Abbott-Pratt
Joniece Abbott-Pratt is an American actress and audiobook narrator, whose narrations have won her 14 Earphones Awards from AudioFile. Along with co-narrators, she also won the 2022 Audie Award for Short Stories or Collections for Blackout.

Audie Award for Short Stories or Collections
The Audie Award for Short Stories or Collections is one of the Audie Awards presented annually by the Audio Publishers Association (APA). It awards excellence in narration, production, and content for an audiobook collection of short stories released in a given year. From 2000 to 2001 it was given as the Audie Award for Short Stories, Essays, or Collections. It has been awarded since 2000.
Brian Bergstrom
Brian P. Bergstrom (born c. 1979) is an American college football coach. He is the defensive coordinator and safeties coach for South Dakota State University, positions he has held since 2025, and from 2019 to 2021. He was the head football coach for Winona State University from 2022 to 2024. He also coached for Shakopee High School, St. Cloud State, Crown, Gustavus Adolphus, Minnetonka High School, and Augustana (SD). He played college football for Gustavus Adolphus as a linebacker.

Winona State University
Winona State University is a public university in Winona, Minnesota, United States. It was founded as First State Normal School of Minnesota in 1858 and is the oldest member of the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities System. It was the first normal school west of the Mississippi River.

The university offers more than 80 programs on its main campus as well as collegiate programs on satellite campuses at Winona State University-Rochester. Its average annual enrollment is approximately 6,000 undergraduate and graduate students. Its sports teams compete as the Winona State Warriors in the NCAA Division II athletics in 14 sports, primarily in the Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference.
Good Fence
The Good Fence (Hebrew: הגדר הטובה, romanized: HaGader HaTova, Arabic: السياج الجيد, romanized: as-Siyaj al-Jayyid) was a term that referred to  Israel's mountainous 129-kilometre (80 mi) northern border with Lebanon during the period following the 1978 South Lebanon conflict, during the Lebanese Civil War. At the time, southern Lebanon was controlled by the Maronite Christian militias and the South Lebanon Army, as the Free Lebanon State (1978–1984) and later the South Lebanon security belt administration.

Southern Lebanon
Southern Lebanon (Arabic: جنوب لبنان, romanized: Janūb Lubnān) is the area of Lebanon comprising the South Governorate and the Nabatiye Governorate. The two entities were divided from the same province in the early 1990s. The Rashaya and Western Beqaa districts, the southernmost districts of the Beqaa Governorate.

The main cities of the region are Sidon and Tyre on the coast, with Jezzine and Nabatiyeh more inland. The cazas of Bint Jbeil, Tyre, and Nabatieh in Southern Lebanon are known for their large Shi'a Muslim population with a minority of Christians. Sidon is predominantly Sunni, with the rest of the caza of Sidon having a Shi'a Muslim majority, with a considerable Christian minority, mainly Melkite Greek Catholics. The cazas of Jezzine and Marjeyoun have a Christian majority and also Shia Muslims. The villages of Ain Ebel, Debel, Qaouzah, and Rmaich are entirely Christian Maronite. The caza of Hasbaya has a Druze majority.
Murder of Jon-Niece Jones
Jon-Niece Jones (previously known as "Baby Bones") was a nine-year-old American girl whose unidentified skeletal remains were found near the gated forest of New Jersey's Six Flags Great Adventure theme park, by a hunter in search of deer. The case was showcased by America's Most Wanted in 2009 in hopes of generating leads for the unsolved case. Jones was identified in October 2012. Her mother, Elisha, died three months after Jon-Niece was murdered; Jon-Niece's aunt, her aunt's boyfriend, and an uncle were charged with concealing evidence of the child's death, believed to have been the result of abuse by her mother.

Skeleton
A skeleton is the structural frame that supports the body of most animals. There are several types of skeletons, including the exoskeleton, which is a rigid outer shell that holds up an organism's shape; the endoskeleton, a rigid internal frame to which the organs and soft tissues attach; and the hydroskeleton, a flexible internal structure supported by the hydrostatic pressure of body fluids.

Vertebrates are animals with an endoskeleton centered around an axial vertebral column, and their skeletons are typically composed of bones and cartilages. Invertebrates are other animals that lack a vertebral column, and their skeletons vary, including hard-shelled exoskeleton (arthropods and most molluscs), plated internal shells (e.g. cuttlebones in some cephalopods) or rods (e.g. ossicles in echinoderms), hydrostatically supported body cavities (most), and spicules (sponges). Cartilage is a rigid connective tissue that is found in the skeletal systems of vertebrates and invertebrates.
French ship Amarante
Several ships of the French navy have borne the name Amarante:

Amarante (1708), 14 guns, design by Philippe Cochois, launched 29 March 1708 at Le Havre - deleted 1724.

Amarante (1747), corvette wrecked 1760.

Amarante (1793), captured in 1796, and taken into service as HMS Amarante. Wrecked in 1799.

Amarante (1915),  an Amphitrite-class submarine launched in 1915 and struck in 1925.

French submarine Amarante
The French submarine Amarante was one of eight Amphitrite-class submarines built for the French Navy during the 1910s and completed during World War I. She was converted into a minelayer while under construction and completed in 1918. The boat saw little action during her deployment to the Adriatic Sea before the end of the war.
History of Hong Kong under Imperial China
The History of Hong Kong under Imperial China began in 214 BC during the Qin dynasty. The territory remained largely unoccupied until the later years of the Qing dynasty when Imperial China ceded the region to Great Britain under the 1842 Treaty of Nanking, whereupon Hong Kong became a British Colony.

Lantau Island
Lantau Island (also Lantao Island, Lan Tao or Lan Tau) is the largest island in Hong Kong. Located west of Hong Kong Island and the Kowloon Peninsula, it is part of the New Territories. Administratively, most of Lantau Island is part of the Islands District of Hong Kong. A small northeastern portion of the island is located in the Tsuen Wan District.

Originally an island with fishing villages, it has been developed since the late 20th century with the construction of Tung Chung New Town on its north-western coast and the completion of several major infrastructure projects, including Lantau Link (1997), Hong Kong International Airport (1998), Hong Kong Disneyland (2005), and the Ngong Ping 360 gondola lift (2006).
Irrealism (the arts)
Irrealism is a term that has been used by various writers in the fields of philosophy, literature, and art to denote specific modes of unreality and/or the problems in concretely defining reality.  While in philosophy the term specifically refers to a position put forward by the American philosopher Nelson Goodman, in literature and art it refers to a variety of writers and movements.  If the term has nonetheless retained a certain consistency in its use across these fields and would-be movements, it perhaps reflects the word's position in general English usage: though the standard dictionary definition of irreal gives it the same meaning as unreal, irreal is very rarely used in comparison with unreal.  Thus, it has generally been used to describe something which, while unreal, is so in a very specific or unusual fashion, usually one emphasizing not just the "not real," but some form of estrangement from our generally accepted sense of reality.

Giorgio de Chirico
Giuseppe Maria Alberto Giorgio de Chirico (/ˈkɪrɪkoʊ/ KIRR-ik-oh; Italian: [ˈdʒordʒo de ˈkiːriko]; 10 July 1888 – 20 November 1978) was an Italian artist and writer born in Greece. In the years before World War I, he founded the scuola metafisica art movement, which profoundly influenced the surrealists. His best-known works often feature Roman arcades, long shadows, mannequins, trains, and illogical perspective. His imagery reflects his affinity for the philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer and of Friedrich Nietzsche, and for the mythology of his birthplace.

After 1919, de Chirico became a critic of modern art, studied traditional painting techniques, and later worked in a neoclassical or neo-Baroque style, while frequently revisiting the metaphysical themes of his earlier work. In 2018, it was suggested that de Chirico may have suffered from Alice in Wonderland syndrome.
Samuel Whiting Jr.
The Reverend Samuel Whiting Jr. (1633–1713) was Billerica's first settled minister, serving in that role for 50 years. This longevity gave him a major role in shaping the town's early moral, religious, and civic life.

Oliver St John
Sir Oliver St John (/ˈsɪndʒən/; c. 1598 – 31 December 1673) was an English barrister, judge and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640-53. He supported the Parliamentary cause in the English Civil War.
Jackie French
Jacqueline Anne French AM (née Ffrench, born 29 November 1953), known professionally as  Jackie French, is an Australian author who has written across several genres for both adults and children. Her most notable works include  Rain Stones, Diary of a Wombat, The Girl from Snowy River and Hitler's Daughter. Several of her books have been recommended for teaching the Australian Curriculum. French lives in Braidwood, New South Wales, with her second husband Bryan Sullivan.

Australian Curriculum
The Australian Curriculum is a national curriculum for all primary and secondary schools in Australia under progressive development, review, and implementation. The curriculum is developed and reviewed by the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority, an independent statutory body. Since 2014 all states and territories in Australia have begun implementing aspects of the Foundation to Year 10 part of the curriculum.

Credentialing, and related assessment requirements and processes, remain the responsibility of states and territories.

The full Australian Curriculum can be accessed at its own website.
Sean L'Estrange
Sean Kimberley L'Estrange (born 19 September 1967) is a former Australian politician. He was the Member for the Western Australian Legislative Assembly seat of Churchlands from 2013 until 2021. He was the Minister for Finance; Minister for Mines and Petroleum; and Minister for Small Business in the Barnett-Liberal Government of Western Australia. In opposition he was the Shadow Treasurer and Shadow Minister for Emergency Services; Corrective Services; Defence Issues. He has also held the role of Manager of Opposition Business and other senior Shadow Ministerial portfolios such as Health, Mental Health, and Economic Development. His career background includes being a Senior Infantry Army Officer (Colonel) and Afghanistan veteran; a business leadership and management consultant; and Senior School Economics teacher and Head of Department.

Minister for Mines and Petroleum (Western Australia)
Minister for Mines and Petroleum is a position in the government of Western Australia, currently held by Bill Johnston of the Labor Party. The position was first created in 1894, for the government of Sir John Forrest, and has existed in almost every government since then. The minister is responsible for the state government's Department of Mines and Petroleum, which oversees Western Australia's resources sector.
Perkin reaction
The Perkin reaction is an organic reaction developed by English chemist William Henry Perkin in 1868 that is used to make cinnamic acids. It gives an α,β-unsaturated aromatic acid or  α-substituted β-aryl acrylic acid by the aldol condensation of an aromatic aldehyde and an acid anhydride, in the presence of an alkali salt of the acid. The alkali salt acts as a base catalyst, and other bases can be used instead.

Several reviews have been written.

Organic reaction
Organic reactions are chemical reactions involving organic compounds. The basic organic chemistry reaction types are addition reactions, elimination reactions, substitution reactions, pericyclic reactions, rearrangement reactions, photochemical reactions and redox reactions. In organic synthesis, organic reactions are used in the construction of new organic molecules. The production of many man-made chemicals such as drugs, plastics, food additives, fabrics depend on organic reactions.

The oldest organic reactions are combustion of organic fuels and saponification of fats to make soap. Modern organic chemistry starts with the Wöhler synthesis in 1828. In the history of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry awards have been given for the invention of specific organic reactions such as the Grignard reaction in 1912, the Diels–Alder reaction in 1950, the Wittig reaction in 1979 and olefin metathesis in 2005.
Finland, Pennsylvania
Finland is a  village and an unincorporated community on the Unami Creek in southern Milford Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is split between the Green Lane Zip Code of 18054 and the Pennsburg zip code of 18073. The immediate area  was known in the 1920s as the "Poconos of Philadelphia" and as "The Fineland," and it is from this latter name that the US post office had put it on the map as Finland in 1886. Multiple summer camps have been located in this area and one of them is still in use. The Unami Creek flows southward to the Perkiomen Creek. The village was established by Finnish immigrants to New Sweden.

New Sweden
New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a colony of the Swedish Empire between 1638 and 1655 along the lower reaches of the Delaware River in what is now Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania.  Established during the Thirty Years' War when Sweden was a great power, New Sweden was part of the Swedish efforts to colonize the Americas.

Settlements were established on both sides of the Delaware River. Fort Christina, located in what is now Wilmington, Delaware, was the first settlement, named after Christina, Queen of Sweden. The settlers were mostly Swedes, Finns, a number of Dutch, and some Germans. New Sweden was conquered by the Dutch Republic in 1655 and incorporated into the Dutch colony of New Netherland.