hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nowe Castle
Nowe Castle (Polish: Zamek w Nowem, German: Burg Neuenburg) is a medieval castle in Nowe, Poland, located on the bank of the River Vistula by the Castle Square.

The castle was constructed in the second half of the fourteenth century, by the Teutonic Order for the Pomeranian castellans. The castle is located by the north-eastern part of Nowe. After 1465, the castle housed the residence of the Starosta of the House of Nowskiscy, the castle was largely destroyed by the Swedes during the Deluge. After the First Partition of Poland in 1787, Prussian authorities partially deconstructed the castle, but kept the main wing which was converted into an Evangelical Protestant Church. In the next century the castle was used as a warehouse and fire station. In the 1970s, the castle was renovated, the works finished in the year of 1992. Currently, the castle houses the Castle Centre of Culture (Centrum Kultury "Zamek").

Starosta
Starosta /ˈstɑːrɒstə/ or starost (Cyrillic: старост/а, Latin: capitaneus, German: Starost, Hauptmann) is a community elder in some Slavic lands.

The Slavic root of "starost" translates as "senior". Since the Middle Ages, it has designated an official in a leadership position in a range of civic and social contexts throughout Central and Eastern Europe. In reference to a municipality, a starosta was historically a senior royal administrative official, equivalent to a county sheriff or seneschal, and analogous to a gubernator. In Poland, a starosta administered a crown land district called starostwo.

In the early Middle Ages, a starosta could head a settled urban or rural community or other community, as in the case of a church starosta or an artel starosta. A starosta also functioned as a master of ceremonies.
Duisky
Duisky  (Scottish Gaelic: Dubh-uisge – "black water", referring to the dark appearance of Loch Eil) is a small hamlet on the south shore of Loch Eil, directly across from Fassfern, and approximately six miles (ten kilometres) west of Fort William on the south shore of Loch Eil, Lochaber,  Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.

Lochaber
Lochaber (/lɒxˈɑːbər/ lokh-AH-bər; Scottish Gaelic: Loch Abar) is a name applied to a part of the Scottish Highlands. Historically, it was a provincial lordship consisting of the parishes of Kilmallie and Kilmonivaig. Lochaber once extended from the Northern shore of Loch Leven, a district called Nether Lochaber, to beyond Spean Bridge and Roybridge, which area is known as Brae Lochaber or Braigh Loch Abar in Gaelic. For local government purposes, the name was used for one of the landward districts of Inverness-shire from 1930 to 1975, and then for one of the districts of the Highland region from 1975 to 1996. Since 1996 the Highland Council has had a Lochaber area committee.

The main town of Lochaber is Fort William. Other moderate sized settlements in Lochaber include Mallaig, Ballachulish and Glencoe.
B'z The Best "Ultra Pleasure"
B'z The Best "Ultra Pleasure" is a compilation double-album by the Japanese hard rock duo B'z. It was released on June 18, 2008, and it is part of their 20th anniversary celebration. It peaked at #1 at Oricon charts and Billboard Japan Top Albums.

Duet
A duet (Italian: duo or duetto) is a musical composition for two performers in which the performers have equal importance to the piece, often a composition involving two singers or two pianists. It differs from a harmony, as the performers take turns performing a solo section rather than performing simultaneously. A piece performed by two pianists performing together on the same piano is a "piano duet" or "piano four hands". A piece for two pianists performing together on separate pianos is a "piano duo".

"Duet" is also used as a verb for the act of performing a musical duet, or colloquially as a noun to refer to the performers of a duet.

A musical ensemble with more than two solo instruments or voices is called a trio, quartet, quintet, sextet, septet, octet, etc.
DirectX Raytracing
DirectX Raytracing (DXR) is a feature introduced in Microsoft's DirectX 12 that implements ray tracing, for video graphic rendering. DXR was released with the Windows 10 October update (version 1809) on October 10, 2018. It requires an AMD Radeon RX 6000, 7000, or 9000 series, Intel Arc A or B series, or Nvidia GeForce RTX 20, 30, 40, or 50 series video card, which is designed to handle the high computing load used for ray tracing.

Radeon RX 7000 series
The Radeon RX 7000 series is a series of graphics processing units developed by AMD, based on their RDNA 3 architecture. It was announced on November 3, 2022 and is the successor to the Radeon RX 6000 series. The first two graphics cards of the family (RX 7900 XT and RX 7900 XTX) were released on Dec 13, 2022. Currently AMD has announced and released eight desktop graphics cards of the Radeon RX 7000 series: the entry level RX 7400, RX 7600, and RX 7600 XT; the mainstream RX 7700 XT and RX 7800 XT; the high-end RX 7900 GRE; and the enthusiast RX 7900 XT and RX 7900 XTX. Four laptop chips have also been released in two series; the power efficiency targeting S series, consisting of the RX 7600S and RX 7700S; and the M series, consisting of the RX 7800M and RX 7900M.
Dzherakh
The Dzherakh or Jeyrakh (Ingush: ЖӀайрахой, romanized: Ƶjayraxoy, IPA: [ˈʒˤəɪɾəxʷɔɪ]), historically also known as the Erokhan, were a historical Ingush ethno-territorial society, existing today as a tribal organisation or clan (teip), originally formed in the Dzheyrakhin gorge, as well as in the lower reaches of the Armkhi River and the upper reaches of the Terek River.

The Dzherakhs first appeared in Russian sources in the 16th century under the name Erokhan people (Russian: Ероханские люди, romanized: Erokhanskie lyudi).

Armkhi
Armkhi (Ingush: МохтIе, Moxthe; Russian: Армхи) is a village in Dzheyrakhsky District of the Republic of Ingushetia, located on the Armkhi or Kistinka river (Ingush: Ӏарам-хий, Кисти-хий, Aram-khi, Kisti-khiï; Georgian: ქისტეთისწყალი, Kistetistskali; Russian: Армхи, Кистинка).  The village is known for its year-round recreation resort. Armkhi is one of six rural localities constituting the Dzheyrakh rural settlement.
Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois Russian Cemetery
Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois Russian Cemetery (French: Cimetière russe de Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois) is part of the Cimetière de Liers and is called the Russian Orthodox cemetery, in Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois, close to Paris, France.

Base Mérimée
The Base Mérimée (French pronunciation: [baz meʁime]) is the database of French monumental and architectural heritage, created and maintained by the French Ministry of Culture. It was created in 1978, and placed online in 1995. The database is periodically updated, and contains more than 320,000 entries as of October 2020. It covers religious, domestic, agricultural, educational, military and industrial architecture, and is subdivided into three domains: historical monuments, general inventory, and architecture (including remarkable contemporary architecture). The database was named after writer, historian and inspector-general of historical monuments Prosper Mérimée, who published the first survey of historic monuments in 1840.
Polarization (Lie algebra)
In representation theory, polarization is the maximal totally isotropic subspace of a certain skew-symmetric bilinear form on a Lie algebra. The notion of polarization plays an important role in construction of irreducible unitary representations of some classes of Lie groups by means of the orbit method as well as in harmonic analysis on Lie groups and mathematical physics.

Unitary representation
In mathematics, a unitary representation of a group G is a linear representation π of G on a complex Hilbert space V such that π(g) is a unitary operator for every g ∈ G. The general theory is well-developed in the case that G is a locally compact (Hausdorff) topological group and the representations are strongly continuous.

The theory has been widely applied in quantum mechanics since the 1920s, particularly influenced by Hermann Weyl's 1928 book Gruppentheorie und Quantenmechanik. One of the pioneers in constructing a general theory of unitary representations, for any group G rather than just for particular groups useful in applications, was George Mackey.
Schuring
Schuring is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kirk Schuring (1952–2024), American politician

Morris Schuring (born 2005), Dutch racing driver

Yvonne Schuring (born 1978), Austrian sprint canoer

Morris Schuring
Morris Schuring (born 20 February 2005) is a Dutch racing driver currently competing in the LMGT3 category of the FIA World Endurance Championship with Manthey EMA. He is notable for being part of the first lineup to win the LMGT3 class at the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 2024.
Euphoria herbacea
Euphoria herbacea is a species of scarab beetle in the subfamily Cetoniinae. It is 15–16 millimetres (0.59–0.63 in) long and is olive-green in color. It is native to the United States, primarily in the central plains and the east of the Mississippi River.

Scarabaeidae
The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 35,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification of this family has undergone significant change. Several groups formerly treated as subfamilies have been elevated to family rank (e.g., Bolboceratidae, Geotrupidae, Glaresidae, Glaphyridae, Hybosoridae, Ochodaeidae, and Pleocomidae), and some reduced to lower ranks. The subfamilies listed in this article are in accordance with those in Catalog of Life (2023).
Carlos Alberto Pellegrini
Carlos Alberto Pellegrini is the former president of the American Surgical Association and the current Henry N. Harkins Professor and Chair of Surgery at the University of Washington. He is a former president of the Society of Surgical Chairs, a regent of the American College of Surgeons, and a director of the American Board of Surgery.

American Board of Surgery
The American Board of Surgery (ABS) is an independent, non-profit organization located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, founded for the purpose of certifying surgeons who have met a defined standard of education, training and knowledge. Surgeons certified by the ABS, known as diplomates, have completed a minimum of five years of surgical residency training following medical school and successfully completed a written and oral examination process administered by the ABS. The ABS provides board certification in general surgery, vascular surgery, pediatric surgery, surgical critical care, surgery of the hand, hospice and palliative medicine, and complex general surgical oncology.

The ABS is composed of a board of directors representing the principal surgical organizations in the U.S. and is one of the 24 member boards of the American Board of Medical Specialties.
Lydia Cecilia Hill
Lydia Cecilia Hill (20 July 1913 – 11 October 1940), known as Cissie Hill or Cecily Hill, was an English cabaret dancer notable for being a favourite of Ibrahim, Sultan of Johor and for being briefly engaged to him. A new Art Deco house, Mayfair Court, was funded for her in Herne Bay, Kent, by the Sultan. She was killed during World War II in her native Canterbury at the age of 27 in a German airstrike. There is an elaborate, marble monument on her grave in Herne Bay cemetery, Eddington, paid for by the Sultan.

Grosvenor House Hotel
51°30′35″N 0°09′20″W﻿ / ﻿51.5098°N 0.1555°W﻿ / 51.5098; -0.1555

JW Marriott Grosvenor House London, formerly the Grosvenor House Hotel, is a luxury hotel that opened in 1929 in the Mayfair area of London, England. Facing Hyde Park, the hotel was built on the site of the former 19th century aristocratic Grosvenor House residence. The hotel is managed by JW Marriott Hotels, which is a brand of Marriott International, and it is owned by Katara Hospitality.
Coleophora longicornella
Coleophora longicornella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found from France to Italy, Greece and Hungary.

The larvae feed on Aster tripolium. Full-grown larvae can be found as late as July.

Coleophoridae
The Coleophoridae are a family of small moths, belonging to the huge superfamily Gelechioidea. Collectively known as case-bearers, casebearing moths or case moths, this family is represented on all continents, but the majority are found in temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. They are most common in the Palearctic, and rare in sub-Saharan Africa, South America, and Australia; consequently, they probably originated (like most or all other Gelechioidea families) in northern Eurasia. They are relatively common in houses, they seek out moist areas to rest and procreate.
Bosone da Gubbio
Bosone da Gubbio is the name traditionally associated with an Italian politician and writer of the late 13th and early 14th centuries. However, modern scholarship, particularly an article in the Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, has concluded that the name refers to two distinct individuals: a father and his son, Bosone Novello (also known as Bosonello).

Historical sources have often conflated the careers of the two men. Generally, the earlier political activity in the 13th century is attributed to the father, while the more extensive political career of the 14th century belongs to the son, Bosone Novello. Whether the literary achievements are to be attributed to a father or son is a matter of dispute. The family name de' Raffaelli, sometimes associated with them, is considered a later invention by an 18th-century biographer.

Guelphs and Ghibellines
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (/ˈɡwɛlfs ... ˈɡɪbɪlaɪnz/ GWELFS ... GHIB-il-ynze, US also /-liːnz, -lɪnz/ -⁠eenz, -⁠inz; Italian: guelfi e ghibellini [ˈɡwɛlfi e ɡibelˈliːni, -fj e -]) were factions supporting the pope (Guelphs) and the Holy Roman emperor (Ghibellines) in the Italian city-states of Central and Northern Italy during the Middle Ages. During the 12th and 13th centuries, rivalry between these two parties dominated political life across Italy. The struggle for power between the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire arose with the Investiture Controversy, which began in 1075 and ended with the Concordat of Worms in 1122.
Kasaji
Kasaji is a city and administrative district in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It is located in the province of Lualaba, in the southern part of the country, 1100 km southeast of the capital Kinshasa.

The region surrounding Kasaji is sparsely populated, with about 8 inhabitants per square kilometer.

Kasaji is crossed by the Benguela railway, which connects it to Kolwezi, the capital of the province of Lualaba, and; to the city of Luau, in Angola.

The city has Kasaji Airport.

Lualaba Province
Lualaba  Province (Jimbo la Lualaba, in Swahili) is a province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo created in the 2015 repartitioning when the former Katanga province was split up into four new provinces—Lualaba, Haut-Katanga, Haut-Lomami, and Tanganyika.  Lualaba was formed from the Lualaba and Kolwezi districts.  Kolwezi was a hybrid city/district which was separated from its two territories and the city proper became the capital of the new province. The 2020 population was estimated to be 3,183,300.

Along with Haut-Katanga, Lualaba is in the Copperbelt of Central Africa.  The Congo is only behind Chile, Peru, and China in the largest amount of copper produced globally.
Our Greats
"Our Greats" is a song by Australian supergroup 3%, released on 4 July 2025. The single was released to coincide with NAIDOC Week and features a dialogue with a chorus of children, including many from Indigenous youth organisation We Are Warriors. The song name-drops several Indigenous Australians including Cathy Freeman, Kyah Simon, Ash Barty, Patty Mills, Lionel Rose and Adam Goodes as well as music groups No Fixed Address and Coloured Stone. In a statement, the group said the song is "a tribute to the giants who walked before us."

Kyah Simon
Kyah Pam Simon (born 25 June 1991) is an Australian professional soccer player who plays as a striker. She has represented Australia from 2007 to 2023, making 111 caps and scoring 29 goals. In 2011, Simon became the first Indigenous Australian player to score a goal in a FIFA Women's World Cup.

Simon has played for Sydney FC, Central Coast Mariners, Western Sydney Wanderers, and Melbourne City in the Australian A-League Women, as well as Boston Breakers and Houston Dash in the American National Women's Soccer League (NWSL).
Moorend Common
Moorend Common is a 28-hectare (69-acre) Site of Special Scientific Interest in the hamlet Moor End, west of High Wycombe in Buckinghamshire. It is in the Chilterns Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and it is owned and managed by Lane End Parish Council.

The site is on London Clay, which is unusual for the Chilterns, and the soil is acid and sometimes waterlogged. Habitats are grassland, heath, woodland, marsh and scrub. A stream ends in a swallow-hole called Gubbins Hole. There are three types of woodland, beech, oak and birch, and a small area planted with larch and pine, with ground flora of bracken and bramble. Marshy areas have heath spotted orchid and bog mosses.

There is access from Church Road, which passes through the site.

Lane End, Buckinghamshire
Lane End is a village and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, England. It is just south of the M40 from High Wycombe, about 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Booker. The village is twinned with Saint-Pierre-d'Oléron in France.

The village is situated in the Chilterns, around 650 feet (200 m) above sea level, in rolling hills of farmland, beech woods and footpaths.

The civil parish includes the hamlets of Cadmore End, Ditchfield, Moor Common and Moor End, and had a population of 3,583 at the 2001 Census.

The largest and most popular road in Lane End is Simmons Way.
Amedée Visart de Bocarmé
Count Amédée Charles Louis Visart de Bocarmé (4 November 1835 – 29 May 1924) was a Belgian Catholic Party politician who served as mayor of Bruges for almost fifty years, from 1876 to 1924, and as a member of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives for the Bruges constituency for over fifty years, from 1868 to 1921. As a member of parliament he took a particular interest in social legislation.

Visart was a member of the organising committee of the Ghent Planning Congress 1913, "the first genuinely international conference to address all aspects of civic life and design".

Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)
The Chamber of Representatives (Dutch: Kamer van Volksvertegenwoordigers; French: Chambre des représentants; German: Abgeordnetenkammer) is one of the two chambers in the bicameral Federal Parliament of Belgium, the other being the Senate. It is considered to be the "lower house" of the Federal Parliament.
Wenceslaus II of Bohemia
Wenceslaus II Přemyslid (Czech: Václav II.; Polish: Wacław II Czeski; 27 September 1271 – 21 June 1305) was King of Bohemia (1278–1305), Duke of Cracow (1291–1305), and King of Poland (1296–1305).

He was the only surviving son of King Ottokar II of Bohemia and Ottokar's second wife Kunigunda. He was born in 1271, ten years after the marriage of his parents. Kunigunda was the daughter of Rostislav Mikhailovich, lord of Slavonia, son of a Grand Prince of Kiev, and Anna of Hungary, daughter of Béla IV of Hungary. His great-grandfather was the German king Philip of Swabia. Wenceslaus II was the grandfather of the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles IV. He was a member of the Přemyslid dynasty.

Rostislav Mikhailovich
Rostislav Mikhailovich (Hungarian: Rosztyiszláv, Bulgarian and Ukrainian: Ростислав Михайлович) (after 1210 / c. 1225 – 1262) was a Rurikid prince and a dignitary in the Kingdom of Hungary.

He was prince of Novgorod (1230), of Halych (1236–1237, 1241–1242), of Lutsk (1240), and of Chernigov (1241–1242). When he could not strengthen his rule in Halych, he went to the court of King Béla IV of Hungary, and married the king's daughter, Anna.

He was the Ban of Slavonia (1247–1248), and later he became the first Duke of Macsó (after 1248–1262), and thus he governed the southern parts of the kingdom. In 1257, he occupied Vidin and thenceforward he styled himself Tsar of Bulgaria.
Poul S. Jessen
Poul S. Jessen holds the position of Professor of Optical Sciences with a joint appointment in Physics at the University of Arizona. He is a founding member of the Center for Quantum Information and Control.  He has done experimental research in the areas of optical lattices, quantum information, quantum chaos, and quantum optics.

Quantum optics
Quantum optics is a branch of atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum chemistry that studies the behavior of photons (individual quanta of light). It includes the study of the particle-like properties of photons and their interaction with, for instance, atoms and molecules. Photons have been used to test many of the counter-intuitive predictions of quantum mechanics, such as entanglement and teleportation, and are a useful resource for quantum information processing.
Jameh Mosque of Ashtarjan
The Jāmeh Mosque of Ashtarjan (Persian: مسجد جامع اشترجان; Arabic: مسجد أشترجان), also known as the Jameh Mosque of Imanshahr and the Jameh Mosque of Oshtorjan, is a Shi'ite Friday mosque (jāmeh), located in Ashtarjan, Falavarjan County, in the province of Isfahan, Iran, situated approximately 36 kilometres (22 mi) south-west of the city of Esfahan.

The mosque was added to the Iran National Heritage List on 3 March 1937, administered by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran.

Iran National Heritage List
Iran National Heritage List is a register of nationally significant monuments, places, buildings, events, etc., officially registered under the National Heritage Preservation Act of 1930. According to Article 1 of this law, "All the industrial monuments and buildings that were built up to the end of the Zand dynasty in the country of Iran, including movable and immovable in accordance with Article 13 of this law, can be considered as national heritage of Iran and under the protection and supervision of the state."

After 25 years, on 1 February 1956, with the registration of the Golestan Palace, the ban on the registration of works related to the Qajar era was practically lifted and subsequently the official list of these monuments was published under the current name.
Motu people
The Motu are native inhabitants of Papua New Guinea, living along the southern coastal area of the country. Their indigenous language is also known as Motu, and like several other languages of the region is an Austronesian language. They and the Koitabu people are the original inhabitants and owners of the land on which Port Moresby — the national capital city — stands. The largest Motu village is Hanuabada, northwest of Port Moresby.

Indigenous peoples of Oceania
The Indigenous people of Oceania are Aboriginal Australians, Papuans, and Austronesians (Melanesians, Micronesians, and Polynesians). These indigenous peoples have a historical continuity with pre-colonial societies that developed on their territories. With the notable exceptions of Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, New Caledonia, Guam, and Northern Mariana Islands, indigenous people make up the majority of the populations of Oceania.

This differs from the term Pacific Islanders, which usually excludes Indigenous Australians, and may be understood to include both indigenous and non-indigenous populations of the Pacific Islands alike.
Kimberly A. Novick
Kimberly A. Novick is an environmental scientist and a Professor at Indiana University, Bloomington. Her research mostly includes the study of land-atmosphere interactions. She received the Thomas Hilker Early Career Award in Biogeosciences from American Geophysical Union (AGU) in 2019.

Duke Forest
Duke Forest is a forest managed by Duke University for research, teaching, and recreation.  It is located in the edge of the Piedmont (United States) in Durham County, Orange County, and Alamance County in North Carolina.  Four of its six divisions lie within the triangle formed by Durham, Chapel Hill, and Hillsborough.