hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Radhika Kulkarni
Radhika Vidyadhar Kulkarni (born 1956) is a retired Indian and American operations researcher, and the 2022 president of INFORMS.

The Bechhofer–Kulkarni selection procedure or Bechhofer–Kulkarni stopping rule, a stopping rule for maximization in Bernoulli processes, is named after her work with her doctoral advisor, Robert E. Bechhofer.

Bernoulli process
In probability and statistics, a Bernoulli process (named after Jacob Bernoulli) is a finite or infinite sequence of binary random variables, so it is a discrete-time stochastic process that takes only two values, canonically 0 and 1. The component Bernoulli variables Xi are identically distributed and independent.  Prosaically, a Bernoulli process is a repeated coin flipping, possibly with an unfair coin (but with consistent unfairness).  Every variable Xi in the sequence is associated with a Bernoulli trial or experiment. They all have the same Bernoulli distribution. Much of what can be said about the Bernoulli process can also be generalized to more than two outcomes (such as the process for a six-sided die); this generalization is known as the Bernoulli scheme.

The problem of determining the process, given only a limited sample of Bernoulli trials, may be called the problem of checking whether a coin is fair.
Lascellas-Ponzano
Lascellas-Ponzano (Aragonese Ascellas-Ponzano) is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2005 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 166 inhabitants.

Province of Huesca
Huesca (Aragonese: Uesca; Catalan: Osca), officially Huesca/Uesca, is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon. The capital is Huesca.

Positioned just south of the central Pyrenees, Huesca borders France and the French departments of Haute-Garonne, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, and Hautes-Pyrénées. Within Spain, Huesca's neighboring provinces are Navarre, Zaragoza, and Lleida.
Dmitri Vrubel
Dmitri Vladimirovich Vrubel (Russian: Дмитрий Владимирович Врубель; 14 July 1960 – 13 August 2022) was a Russian painter. He was best known for his satirical East Side Gallery-painting My God, Help Me to Survive This Deadly Love, depicting the kissing communist leaders Leonid Brezhnev and Erich Honecker.

Vrubel was born in Moscow, Soviet Union. His surname is a russification of the common Polish surname Wróbel.

Wróbel
Wróbel (Polish pronunciation: [ˈvrubɛl]; meaning "sparrow") is a Polish surname. The same surname is sometimes spelled Wrubel or Vrubel, reflecting its pronunciation. Czech, Slovak, and Slovene cognates include Vrabel, Vrabec, and Brabec.
Provo Peak
Provo Peak is a mountain peak located in the Wasatch Range and the Uinta National Forest that is located within the city limits of Provo, Utah, United States. The peak has an elevation of 11,068 feet (3,374 m), but a prominence of only 3,442 feet (1,049 m). Although located along the Wasatch Front, it is situated behind (east-southeast) of Y Mountain.

The trapper Étienne Provost is the peak's namesake, also of the city of Provo. Near the top of the peak are multiple parallel terraces that can be easily seen from the valley floor from the west or south. These were created in the 1930s by CCC workers to reduce the severe erosion caused by overgrazing on the slopes of the peak.

Overgrazing
Overgrazing occurs when plants are exposed to intensive grazing for extended periods of time, or without sufficient recovery periods. It can be caused by either livestock in poorly managed agricultural applications, game reserves, or nature reserves. It can also be caused by immobile, travel restricted populations of native or non-native wild animals.

Overgrazing reduces the usefulness, productivity and biodiversity of the land and is one cause of desertification and erosion. Overgrazing is also seen as a cause of the spread of invasive species of non-native plants and of weeds. Degrading land, emissions from animal agriculture and reducing the biomass in a ecosystem contribute directly to climate change between grazing events.
First Dahal cabinet
The first Dahal cabinet was formed on 18 August 2008 following the 2008 Constituent Assembly election. CPN (Maoist) leader Pushpa Kamal Dahal was appointed as prime minister and his coalition government was supported by CPN (UML), Madheshi Jana Adhikar Forum, Sadbhavana Party, Janamorcha Nepal and CPN (United). The cabin was expanded with the inclusion of two ministers on 25 March 2009.

After unsuccessfully trying to remove Chief of the Nepalese Army Rookmangud Katawal, Dahal lost support of his biggest coalition partner CPN (UML) and resigned on 4 May 2009. He was replaced by Madhav Kumar Nepal on 25 May 2009.

Rookmangud Katawal
General Rookmangud Katawal is a former Nepalese Army general, who served as the Chief of Army Staff of the Nepal Army from 2006 to 2009. General Katawal has come across controversy after the then prime minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal unilaterally decided to sack him on May 3, 2009.

During the Nepalese Civil War, he was alleged to have committed many human rights atrocities, war crimes and crime against humanity, yet faced no court proceedings.
Dorchester, New Brunswick
Dorchester is a community in Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada. The community became part of the new town of Tantramar in the 2023 New Brunswick local governance reform. Originally incorporated as a town in 1911, it was converted to a village in 1966. By 1825 it had been named for Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester, an 18th-century Governor-General of the old Province of Quebec, but prior to that was called Botsford.

It is located on the eastern side of the mouth of the lush Memramcook River valley near the river's discharge point into Shepody Bay.  Dorchester is an English-speaking community but it is adjacent to French-speaking Acadian areas farther up the Memramcook River valley.

2023 New Brunswick local governance reform
Local governance reform in the Canadian province of New Brunswick was implemented on January 1, 2023. This resulted in a significant reorganization of the local government entities in the province, including a reduction in the number of entities from 340 to 89, consisting of 77 local governments and 12 rural districts nested within 12 regional service commissions. The local governance reform review was commenced by the Government of New Brunswick in January 2021 and was promoted as the most consequential restructuring of the local governance system since Premier Robichaud's Equal Opportunity Program.
Alabama Crimson Tide golf
The Alabama Crimson Tide golf teams represent the University of Alabama located in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, and compete in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I and the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Crimson Tide currently has two of the best teams in the country with the men and women consistently ranked inside the top 5 by Golfweek.

Emma Talley
Emma Ruth Talley (born March 23, 1994) is an American retired professional golfer who played on the LPGA Tour. While playing as an amateur at the University of Alabama, she won the 2013 U.S. Women's Amateur by defeating Yueer Cindy Feng in the 36-hole final match, 2 and 1.
Electoral district of Belmore
Belmore was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, created in 1904 in inner Sydney from Sydney-Belmore and parts of the abolished seats of Sydney-Cook and Sydney-Phillip. It was named after Governor Belmore. It was originally in northern Surry Hills bounded by George Street and the Darling Harbour railway line in the west, Cleveland Street in the south, Liverpool Street, Oxford Street in the north and Riley Street, Wilton Street and Waterloo streets in the east. In 1913 it absorbed part of the abolished seat of Pyrmont. In 1920, with the introduction of proportional representation, it was absorbed into the multi-member electorate of Sydney.

Somerset Lowry-Corry, 4th Earl Belmore
Somerset Richard Lowry-Corry, 4th Earl Belmore, GCMG, PC (Ire) (9 April 1835 – 6 April 1913), styled as Viscount Corry from 1841 to 1845, was an Irish nobleman and Conservative politician who served as Governor of New South Wales from 1868 to 1872.
René Klingbeil
René Klingbeil (born 2 April 1981) is a former German football player and current manager of KSV Hessen Kassel.

His first senior club was Borussia Mönchengladbach. He then went on to Hamburger SV. In 2007, he joined Viking FK in Norway. He was released in the summer of 2008 and was offered a contract by Dynamo Dresden but declined their first offer.

Dynamo Dresden
Sportgemeinschaft Dynamo Dresden e.V., commonly known as SG Dynamo Dresden or Dynamo Dresden, is a German association football club based in Dresden, Saxony. They were founded on 12 April 1953 as a club affiliated with the East German police and became one of the most popular and successful clubs in East German football, winning eight league titles. The club is known for its dedicated fan culture of Dynamo Ultras, and elaborate choreographs.

After the reunification of Germany, Dynamo played four seasons in the top division, Bundesliga, from 1991 to 1995, but have since drifted between the second and fourth tiers. The club competes in the 2. Bundesliga, the second division of German Football following promotion in the 2024–25 season.

The club's traditional kit colours are gold and black, derived from the official city flag and the coat of arms of the city of Dresden.
Hylomorphism (computer science)
In computer science, and in particular functional programming, a hylomorphism is a recursive function, corresponding to the composition of an anamorphism (which first builds a set of results; also known as 'unfolding') followed by a catamorphism (which then folds these results into a final return value). Fusion of these two recursive computations into a single recursive pattern then avoids building the intermediate data structure. This is an example of deforestation, a program optimization strategy. A related type of function is a metamorphism, which is a catamorphism followed by an anamorphism.

Fold (higher-order function)
In functional programming, a fold is a higher-order function that analyzes a recursive data structure and, through use of a given combining operation, recombines the results of recursively processing its constituent parts, building up a return value. Fold is also termed as reduce, accumulate, aggregate, compress, or inject. Typically, a fold is presented with a combining function, a top node of a data structure, and possibly some default values to be used under certain conditions. The fold then proceeds to combine elements of the data structure's hierarchy, using the function in a systematic way.

Folds are in a sense dual to unfolds, which take a seed value and apply a function corecursively to decide how to progressively construct a corecursive data structure, whereas a fold recursively breaks that structure down, replacing it with the results of applying a combining function at each node on its terminal values and the recursive results (catamorphism, versus anamorphism of unfolds).
Tony Barton (athlete)
Orrin Anthony Barton (born October 17, 1969) is an American retired high jumper.

Barton was born in Washington, D.C.  He finished fifth at the 1992 World Cup, won the 1993 Summer Universiade, finished eighth at the 1993 World Championships, won the bronze medal at the 1995 World Indoor Championships and seventh at the 1995 World Championships. At one time he was the third-ranked high jumper in the world and number one in the United States.

His personal best jump is 2.32 metres, achieved in June 1992 in New Orleans. He also had 8.16 metres in the long jump.

1993 Summer Universiade
The 1993 Summer Universiade, also known as XVII Summer Universiade or World University Games Buffalo '93, took place in Buffalo, New York, as the main site. For the first time in history the event was hosted by two countries, as some events were held in neighbouring cities in Canada.
Léon Rasalama
Léon Rasalama is a Malagasy politician and president of the basketball club SEBAM from Mahajanga. A member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as a member of the Tiako I Madagasikara party; he represents the second constituency of Mahajanga II (district).

He was reelected in the 2019 Malagasy parliamentary elections being affiliated to IRD.
He is the president of the Commission of Public Works.

In 2010 three trucks owned by Rasalama with illegally cut rosewood were seized in Mahajanga.

Tiako i Madagasikara
Tiako I Madagasikara (TIM, lit. 'I Love Madagascar'; French: J'aime Madagascar) is a political party in Madagascar founded on July 3, 2002, to support President Marc Ravalomanana. After the parliamentary election held on September 23, 2007, it was the largest party in the National Assembly of Madagascar, with 106 of 127 seats. The party is located in MAGRO Ankorondrano, Antananarivo. Ravalomanana was re-elected with 55.79% in the December 2006 presidential election.

Solofonantenaina Razoarimihaja was the President of TIM from 2002 to 2007. On October 12, 2007, he was succeeded by Yvan Randriasandratriniony, who became the Interim National President. Randriasandratriniony was officially elected as President of TIM on May 21, 2008, at the party's second national congress. Rina Randriamasinoro was the party's Secretary-General in 2023.

Ravalomanana led his personal movement in the 2013, 2018, and 2023 presidential elections.
Right Media
Right Media, Inc. was an online advertising company that operated the Right Media Exchange (RMX), a marketplace that enabled advertisers, publishers, and ad networks to trade digital media. Technology providers develop services for the Exchange via APIs.

TechCrunch
TechCrunch is an American global online newspaper focusing on topics regarding high-tech and startup companies. It was founded in June 2005 by Archimedes Ventures, led by partners Michael Arrington and Keith Teare. In 2010, AOL acquired the company for approximately $25 million. Following the 2015 acquisition of AOL and Yahoo! by Verizon, the site was owned by Verizon Media from 2015 through 2021.

In 2021, Verizon sold its media assets, including AOL, Yahoo!, and TechCrunch, to the private equity firm Apollo Global Management. Apollo integrated them into a new entity called Yahoo! Inc. In addition to its news reporting, TechCrunch is also known for its annual Disrupt conference, a technology event hosted in several cities across the United States, Europe, and China.
Hisar, Emirdağ
Hisarköy, colloquially called Hisar, is a neighbourhood of the town Davulga, Emirdağ District, Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. Its population is 35 (2021).

It is situated in the middle of the site of ancient and Byzantine Amorium. The village was founded in 1892 and spolia from Amorium were used to build it.

Afyonkarahisar Province
Afyonkarahisar Province (Turkish: Afyonkarahisar ili), often shortened to Afyon Province, is a province in western Turkey. Its area is 14,016 km2, and its population is 747,555 (2022). The provincial capital is Afyonkarahisar.

Adjacent provinces are Kütahya to the northwest, Uşak to the west, Denizli to the southwest, Burdur to the south, Isparta to the southeast, Konya to the east, and Eskişehir to the north.
New Rochelle Walk of Fame
The New Rochelle Walk of Fame was installed in 2011 in Ruby Dee Park at Library Green, located in the downtown area of New Rochelle in Westchester County, New York. The "walk" is a tribute to some of New Rochelle's most notable residents from throughout its 325-year history. It was created and funded by former resident Roderick Kennedy, Jr., working in partnership with the City of New Rochelle and the New Rochelle Business Improvement District.

New Rochelle, New York
New Rochelle (/rəˈʃɛl/ rə-SHEL) is a city in Westchester County, New York, United States. It is an inner suburb of New York City, located approximately 17 miles (27 km) from Midtown Manhattan. In 2020, the city had a population of 79,726, making it the 7th-largest city and 22nd-most populous municipality in New York.
Moler (Sierra)
Moler is an orchestral work written by the American composer Arlene Sierra. The work was commissioned by the  Seattle Symphony, Ludovic Morlot, Music Director. It was first performed at Benaroya Hall on October 26, 2012.

Seattle Symphony
The Seattle Symphony is an American orchestra based in Seattle, Washington. Since 1998, the orchestra is resident at Benaroya Hall. The orchestra also serves as the accompanying orchestra for the Seattle Opera.
Epitome rerum Hungarorum
The Epitome rerum Hungarorum (Latin for "A Brief Summary of the History of the Hungarians"; Hungarian: A magyarok történetének rövid foglalata) is a Latin medieval chronicle from the Kingdom of Hungary from 1490. The work was written by the Italian humanist, Bishop of Lucera, Pietro Ranzano (Latin: Petrus Ransanus) who was the envoy of the Kingdom of Naples at the court of King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary between 1488 and 1490. Queen Beatrice of Hungary commissioned him to write the history of Hungarians.

The Epitome rerum Hungarorum is the first Hungarian historical work with a humanist spirit.

Beatrice of Naples
Beatrice of Naples (16 November 1457 – 23 September 1508), also known as Beatrice of Aragon (Hungarian: Aragóniai Beatrix; Italian: Beatrice d'Aragona), was twice Queen of Hungary and of Bohemia by marriage to Matthias Corvinus and Vladislaus II. She was the daughter of Ferdinand I of Naples and Isabella of Clermont.
Huldrehatten
Huldrehatten is a mountain in Oscar II Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It reaches a height of 787 m.a.s.l., and is located west in the mountainous district of Trollheimen, north of the glacier complex of Eidembreen, and north of Huldrefjellet. The mountain is named after Hulder in Scandinavian folklore.

Nordic folklore
Nordic folklore is the folklore of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland and the Faroe Islands. It has common roots with, and has been under mutual influence with, folklore in England, Germany, the Low Countries, the Baltic countries, Finland and Sápmi. Folklore is a concept encompassing expressive traditions of a particular culture or group. The peoples of Scandinavia are heterogenous, as are the oral genres and material culture that has been common in their lands. However, there are some commonalities across Scandinavian folkloric traditions, among them a common ground in elements from Norse mythology as well as Christian conceptions of the world.

Among the many tales common in Scandinavian oral traditions, some have become known beyond Scandinavian borders – examples include The Three Billy Goats Gruff and The Giant Who Had No Heart in His Body.
Adjaméné
Adjaméné is a village in south-western Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Grand-Béréby, San-Pédro Department, San-Pédro Region, Bas-Sassandra District.

Adjaméné was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Bas-Sassandra District
Bas-Sassandra District (French: District du Bas-Sassandra; [ba.sa.sɑ̃d.ʁa], "Lower Sassandra") is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the southwest part of the country. The capital of the district is San-Pédro.
Midala Balami
Midala Usman Balami (born 26 March 1980) is a Nigerian politician. He is currently serving as the member representing Askira-Uba/Hawul Federal Constituency of Borno State in the House of Representatives.

Hawul
HawulListenⓘ is a Local Government Area of Borno State, Nigeria. It is located in the southern part of the state.  The headquarters of the LGA are in the town of Azare and the area is made up of towns and villages which include Dagiza, Bantali, Damudanaka, Kidang, Samari, Pakilama, Tong, Ghuma, and Shaffa. Hawul LGA is part of the Biu Emirate with the Emir superintending over the traditional affairs of the LGA. The Hausa, Kanuri, and Fufulde languages are commonly spoken in the LGA while Islam and Christianity are widely practiced in the LGA.
It has an area of 2,098 km2 and a population of about 120,000 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 603.

It is one of the four LGAs that constitute the Biu Emirate, a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria.
Marc Yor
Marc Yor (24 July 1949 – 9 January 2014) was a French mathematician well known for his work on stochastic processes, especially properties of semimartingales, Brownian motion and other Lévy processes, the Bessel processes, and their applications to mathematical finance.

Lévy process
In probability theory, a Lévy process, named after the French mathematician Paul Lévy, is a stochastic process  with independent, stationary increments: it represents the motion of a point whose successive displacements are random, in which displacements in pairwise disjoint time intervals are independent, and displacements in different time intervals of the same length have identical probability distributions. A Lévy process may thus be viewed as the continuous-time analog of a random walk.

The most well known examples of Lévy processes are the  Wiener process, often called the Brownian motion process, and the Poisson process. Further important examples include the Gamma process, the Pascal process, and the Meixner process. Aside from Brownian motion with drift, all other proper (that is, not deterministic) Lévy processes have discontinuous paths. All Lévy processes are additive processes.
Field hockey at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's field hockey tournament at the 2008 Summer Olympics was the 8th edition of the field hockey event for women at the Summer Olympic Games. It was held over a thirteen-day period beginning on 10 August, and culminating with the medal finals on 22 August. All games were played at the hockey field constructed on the Olympic Green in Beijing, China.

The Netherlands won the gold medal for the second time after defeating the hosts China 2–0 in the final. Argentina won the bronze medal by defeating the defending champions Germany 3–1.

Olympic Green
The Olympic Green (Chinese: 奥林匹克公园; pinyin: Àolínpǐkè Gōngyuán; lit. 'Olympic Park') is an Olympic Park in Chaoyang, Beijing, China. The three main facilities there include the National Stadium (Bird's Nest), Water Cube, and National Indoor Stadium.

Olympic Green was originally constructed for the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2008 Summer Paralympics. Since then, the streets around the park have been used for an exhibition street race of the FIA GT1 World Championship in 2011, after a race at Goldenport Park Circuit in the vicinity. It again served as an Olympic Park when Beijing hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics and the 2022 Winter Paralympics.
Victor (sports company)
Victor Rackets Industrial Corporation (stylized as VICTOR) is a Taiwanese manufacturer of sporting equipment with products ranging from badminton and squash rackets, sportswear, shoes, shuttlecocks, and other equipment for the sport. Its products are among the ones approved by Badminton World Federation for international tournaments.

Anders Antonsen
Anders Antonsen (born 27 April 1997) is a Danish badminton player. He is a four-time World Championships medalist, two-time European Champion, and the current world’s no. 2 in the men’s singles discipline of the BWF World Ranking, which has been his highest ranking to date.

He won the gold medal at the 2015 European Junior Championships in the boys singles event, and at the same year was awarded the European Young Player of the Year. Together with the national team, he won the European Men's Team Championships in 2016 and 2018; also European Mixed Team Championships in 2017, 2019, 2021 and 2023. Antonsen was the champion at the 2019 Minsk European Games, 2021 European Championships, the silver medalist at the 2017 European Championships, and the 2019 World Championships, and the bronze medalist at the 2021, 2023, and 2025 World Championships