hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2014 FIFA World Cup Group G
Group G of the 2014 FIFA World Cup consisted of eventual champions Germany, Portugal, Ghana and United States. Play began on 16 June and ended on 26 June 2014. The top two teams, Germany and the United States, advanced to the round of 16.

Graham Zusi
Graham Jonathan Zusi (/ˈzuːsi/; born August 18, 1986) is an American former professional soccer player who most recently played as a midfielder or defender for Major League Soccer club Sporting Kansas City. From 2012 to 2023, Zusi represented the United States national team, earning 55 caps and scoring 5 goals.

He is the longest-tenured player to have played with one club in MLS history (15 seasons with Sporting Kansas City).
Lasse Lagerblom
Lasse Lagerblom (born 27 February 1980) is a Finnish former professional footballer who played as a defender.

After his playing career, Lagerblom worked as a physiotherapist for Lahti, HJK Helsinki during 2012–2013, NJS and the Finland national team.

Finland national football team
The Finland national football team (Finnish: Suomen jalkapallomaajoukkue, Swedish: Finlands fotbollslandslag) represents Finland in men's international football competitions and is controlled by the Football Association of Finland, the governing body for football in Finland, which was founded in 1907. The team has been a member of FIFA since 1908 and a UEFA member since 1957.

Finland had never qualified for a major tournament until securing a spot at UEFA Euro 2020. After decades of average results and campaigns, the nation made progress in the 2000s, achieving notable results against established European teams and reaching a peak of 33rd in the FIFA World Rankings in 2007. Afterward, their performances and results declined, drawing them to their all-time low of 110th in the FIFA Rankings in 2017. Seven years after their all-time low in the FIFA Rankings, as of October 2025, they sit at 72nd place in the overall ranking.
Pimpode Budruk
Pimpode Budruk is one of the largest villages in Koregaon in the Satara District of Maharashtra state of India. Its population is around 9,000. The village has temples dedicated to Bhairava, Ganapati, Hanuman, and Ghumai Devi.

Bhairava
Bhairava (Sanskrit: भैरव, lit. 'frightful'), or Kāla Bhairava, is a Shaivite and Vajrayāna deity worshipped by Hindus and Buddhists. In Shaivism, he is a powerful manifestation, or avatar, of Shiva. In the tradition of Kashmir Shaivism, Bhairava represents the Supreme Reality, synonymous to Para Brahman. Generally in Hinduism, Bhairava is also called Daṇḍapāni ("[he who holds the] danda in [his] hand"), as he holds a rod or danda to punish sinners, and Śvāśva, meaning, "he whose vehicle is a dog". In Vajrayana Buddhism, he is considered a fierce emanation of boddhisatva Mañjuśrī, and also called Heruka, Vajrabhairava, Mahākāla and Yamantaka.

Bhairava is worshipped throughout India, Nepal, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Japan, as well as in Tibetan Buddhism.
Sid Barras
Sid Barras (born 3 April 1948) is an English former professional road racing cyclist from Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire. He was a professional for 18 years. One of Britain's foremost racing cyclists in the 1970s and 1980s with 380 wins, in 18 years as a professional. He was national champion three times and won a stage of the Tour of Majorca and in the 1973 Tour of Switzerland.

In 1999, Barras was directeur sportif of the British UCI division 3 team, Men's Health. He was manager of Recycling.co.uk in 2007.

He won the national over-50 championship in 2008. In 2009, he was inducted into the British Cycling Hall of Fame.

Barras is father of former professional cyclist, Tom Barras.

Men's Health
Men's Health (MH), published by Hearst, is the world's largest men's magazine brand, with 35 editions in 59 countries; it is the bestselling men's magazine on American newsstands.

Started as a men's health magazine by Rodale, Inc. in Emmaus, Pennsylvania, the magazine currently covers various men's lifestyle topics such as fitness, nutrition, fashion and sexuality. The magazine's website, MensHealth.com, averages over 118 million page views a month.
Ostap
Ostap (Ukrainian: Остап) is a  Ukrainian male given name. It derives from the Greek name Eustathius.

People with this name include:

Ostap Bender, a fictional character from the Russian novel The Twelve Chairs

Ostap Dashkevych (ca. 1495–1535), commander of the Ukrainian Cossacks

Ostap Ortwin (1876–1942), Polish journalist

Ostap Steckiw (1924–2001), Polish-born Canadian soccer player

Ostap Veresai (1803–1890), Ukrainian minstrel

Ostap Vyshnya (1889–1956), Ukrainian writer, satirist, and medical official

Ostap Steckiw
Ostap Steckiw (Ukrainian: Остап Стецьків) (March 14, 1924 – April 13, 2001) was a Canadian soccer player who earned one cap for the Canada national side against the United States in 1957, scoring one goal. During World War II he was a member of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army. He was awarded the UPA Golden Cross.
1989 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes
The 1989 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes was a horse race held at Ascot Racecourse on Saturday 22 July 1989. It was the 39th running of the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes.

The winner was Hamdan Al Maktoum's Nashwan, a three-year-old chestnut colt trained at West Ilsley in Berkshire by Dick Hern and ridden by Willie Carson. Nashwan's victory gave his owner Hamdan Al Maktoum his first win in the race whilst Carson and Hern had won the race with Troy, Ela-Mana-Mou and Petoski. In addition, Hern had trained the 1972 winner Brigadier Gerard.

Hamdan bin Rashid Al Maktoum
Sheikh Hamdan bin Rashid Al Maktoum (Arabic: حمدان بن راشد أل مكتوم, Ḥamdān bin Rāšid Āl Maktūm; 25 December 1945 – 24 March 2021) was an Emirati politician, the deputy ruler of Dubai and the minister of finance and industry of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). He was the second son of the late ruler Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum. Hamdan bin Rashid Al Maktoum was the head of the UAE's delegation at the International Monetary Fund and the OPEC Fund.
Allen W. Wood
Allen William Wood (born October 26, 1942) is an American philosopher specializing in the work of Immanuel Kant and German idealism, with particular interests in ethics and social philosophy. One of the world's foremost Kant scholars, he is the Ruth Norman Halls professor of philosophy at Indiana University, Ward W. and Priscilla B. Woods Professor, emeritus, at Stanford University, and before that a professor at Cornell University across parts of four decades. He has also held professorships and visiting appointments at several other universities in the United States and Europe. In addition to popularising and clarifying the ethical thought of Kant, Wood has also mounted arguments against the validity of trolley problems in moral philosophy.

Social philosophy
Social philosophy is the study and interpretation of society and social institutions in terms of ethical values rather than empirical relations. Social philosophers emphasize understanding the social contexts for political, legal, moral and cultural questions, and the development of novel theoretical frameworks, from social ontology to care ethics to cosmopolitan theories of democracy, natural law, human rights, gender equity and global justice.
Harry Birkhead
Harry Birkhead (1931-2013) was a South African philatelist who signed the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists of South Africa in 1982 and was a Fellow of The Royal Philatelic Society London. He was Honorary Life President of the Philatelic Federation of South Africa.

Harry was a specialist in the stamps and postal history of the Anglo-Boer War and the Rhodesias. His Rhodesian collection was sold by Christie's Robson Lowe in 1986.

Royal Philatelic Society London
The Royal Philatelic Society London (RPSL) is the oldest philatelic society in the world. It was founded on 10 April 1869 as The Philatelic Society, London. The society runs a  postal museum, the Spear Museum of Philatelic History, at its headquarters in the City of London.
Rosa and Eliana Martínez
Eliana Martínez (September 15, 1981 – November 27, 1989) was an American adoptee who contracted HIV from a blood transfusion as an infant. Her adoptive mother, Rosa Martínez (February 20, 1952 – August 18, 2022), fought for Eliana to be allowed to attend a public school without being isolated from other students by transparent partitions, referred to by Rosa Martínez as a "glass cage". Eliana died of complications from AIDS seven months after winning the right to attend a special education program without being physically isolated from other students.

Adoption
Adoption is a process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents. Legal adoptions permanently transfer all rights and responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parents to the adoptive parents.

Unlike guardianship or other systems designed for the care of the young, adoption is intended to effect a permanent change in status and as such requires societal recognition, either through legal or religious sanction. Historically, some societies have enacted specific laws governing adoption, while others used less formal means (notably contracts that specified inheritance rights and parental responsibilities without an accompanying transfer of filiation). Modern systems of adoption, arising in the 20th century, tend to be governed by comprehensive statutes and regulations.
Grateful Dead Records
Grateful Dead Records was a record label established in 1973 by the American rock group Grateful Dead. The band released four vinyl LPs on the label in the mid-1970s: Wake of the Flood in 1973, From the Mars Hotel in 1974, Blues for Allah in 1975, and a live double album, Steal Your Face, in 1976. Album distribution was negotiated and contracted by the band's label through United Artists Records. A second label, Round Records, was used to release solo albums by members of the band.

Steal Your Face
Steal Your Face is a live double album by the Grateful Dead, released in June 1976. It is the band's fifth live album and thirteenth overall. The album was recorded October 17–20, 1974, at San Francisco's Winterland Ballroom, during a "farewell run" that preceded a then-indefinite hiatus. It was the fourth and final album released by the band on their original Grateful Dead Records label. The Grateful Dead Movie Soundtrack, a second album from the same run of shows, was released in 2005.
PDD-62
Presidential Decision Directive 62 (PDD-62), titled Combating Terrorism, was a Presidential Decision Directive (PDD), signed on May 22, 1998 by President Bill Clinton. It identified the fight against terrorism a top national security priority.

Airport security
Airport security includes the techniques and methods used in an attempt to protect passengers, staff, aircraft, and airport property from malicious harm, crime, terrorism, and other threats.

Aviation security is a combination of measures and human and material resources in order to safeguard civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference. Unlawful interference could be acts of terrorism, sabotage, threat to life and property, communication of false threat, bombing, etc.
Price White
Price White  ((1873-04-25)25 April 1873 – 1952) was a Welsh international footballer. He was part of the Wales national football team, playing one match on 29 February 1896 against Ireland.

He lived in Bangor, North Wales and was employed as an engineer by the Bangor Electrical Company. On 12 August 1902 he married Charlotte Bell, the suffragist and local councillor.

They had two children together, Margaret and David Archibald, who became a solicitor and Conservative Party politician.

Bangor, Gwynedd
Bangor (/ˈbæŋɡɔːr/, /-ɡər/; Welsh: [ˈbaŋɡɔr] ⓘ) is a cathedral city and community in Gwynedd, Wales. Historically part of Caernarfonshire, the community had a population of 15,060 at the 2021 census, and the built up area had a population of 16,990. Landmarks include Bangor Cathedral, Bangor University and Garth Pier. The Britannia and Menai Suspension bridges connect the city to the Isle of Anglesey.
Mark Lemon (speedway rider)
Mark Ian John Lemon (born 12 February 1973) is an Australian former motorcycle speedway rider. He won the Victoria State Championship on three occasions and is currently the Manager of both the Senior and Under-21 Australian speedway teams. He is also the manager of the Belle Vue Aces in the SGB Premiership.

British League Division Two
The British League Division Two was created in 1968 and was the second tier of speedway racing in the United Kingdom until the restructuring of British speedway in 1995. It was renamed the New National League in 1975 and the National League between 1976 and 1990.
2020–21 Cymru North
The 2020–21 Cymru North season (also known as the 2020–21 JD Cymru North season for sponsorship reasons) would have been the second season of the second-tier northern region football in Welsh football pyramid.  Teams were to play each other twice on a home and away basis.

Prestatyn Town were the defending champions.  They were not promoted last season because they did not meet FAW tier 1 guidelines.  Second placed Flint Town United were promoted instead. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales, this season was cancelled.

Cymru North
The Cymru North is a regional football league in Wales, covering the northern half of the country. It initially had clubs with semi-professional status. Together with the Cymru South, it forms the second tier of the Welsh football league system.

The first year of its operation was 2019–20 with the Football Association of Wales owning and administering the tier 2 leagues for the first time. These changes followed from a review of the Welsh Football Pyramid. Prior to 2019, the equivalent league was the Cymru Alliance, covering North and Central Wales.
Ian Anstruther
Sir Ian Fife Campbell Anstruther, of that Ilk, 8th Baronet of Balcaskie and 13th Baronet of Anstruther, Hereditary Carver of the Sovereign, Hereditary Master of the Royal Household in Scotland, Chief of the Name and Arms of Anstruther FSA (11 May 1922 – 29 July 2007) was a baronet twice over.  He inherited substantial property interests in South Kensington and wrote several books on specialised areas of 19th-century social and literary history.

South Kensington
South Kensington is a district at the West End of Central London in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. Historically it settled on part of the scattered Middlesex village of Brompton. Its name was supplanted with the advent of the railways in the late 19th century and the opening (and shutting) and naming of local tube stations. It is home to several well-known museums and cultural landmarks such as the Natural History Museum, the Science Museum, the Victoria and Albert Museum, and Imperial College London.
Beth Raines
Beth Raines is a fictional character from the long-running American soap opera, Guiding Light. Beth is the stepdaughter of the late Bradley Raines and daughter of Lillian Raines. She is the mother of Lizzie, James, and Peyton Spaulding and is known for her tumultuous relationship with her husband Phillip Spaulding. The character was originally portrayed by actress Judi Evans from her introduction in 1983 until 1986 and then by Beth Chamberlin who portrayed the character on and off from her re-introduction in 1989 until the finale in 2009.

Grant Aleksander
Grant Aleksander (born Grant Aleksander Kunkowski; August 6, 1960) is an American actor. He is best known for playing the role of Phillip Spaulding on the CBS Daytime soap opera Guiding Light, off and on from 1982 until the show's cancellation in 2009. He received a Soap Opera Digest Award and four Daytime Emmy Award nominations for his role on Guiding Light.
Rob Andrews
Robert Ernest Andrews (born August 4, 1957) is an American politician who served as a U.S. representative for New Jersey's 1st congressional district from 1990 to 2014. The district included most of Camden County and parts of Burlington County and Gloucester County. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

New Jersey's 1st congressional district
New Jersey's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The district, which includes Camden and South Jersey suburbs, has been represented by Democrat Donald Norcross since November 2014. It is among the most reliably Democratic districts in New Jersey, as it is mainly made up of Democratic-dominated Camden County.
Orthonevra nigrovittata
Orthonevra nigrovittata (Loew, 1876), the black-lined mucksucker, is a rare species of syrphid fly.  It has been observed in California. Hoverflies get their names from the ability to remain nearly motionless while in flight. The  adults are also  known as flower flies for they are commonly found around and on flowers from which they get both energy-giving nectar and protein rich pollen. Larvae for this genus are of the rat-tailed type. O. nigrovittata larvae have not been described.

Rat-tailed maggot
Rat-tailed maggots are the larvae of certain species of hoverflies belonging to the tribes Eristalini and Sericomyiini. A characteristic feature of rat-tailed maggots is a tube-like, telescoping breathing siphon located at their posterior end. This acts like a snorkel, allowing the larva to breathe air while submerged. The siphon is usually about as long as the maggot's body (20 mm (1 in) when mature), but can be extended up to about 150 mm (6 in). This organ gives the larva its common name.

The most commonly encountered rat-tailed maggot is the larva of the drone fly, Eristalis tenax. It lives in stagnant, oxygen-deprived water, with a high organic content. It is fairly tolerant of pollution and can live in sewage lagoons and cesspools.
Morgan High School (Texas)
Morgan High School, also known as Morgan School, is a public high school located in Morgan, Texas, United States. The school falls within Education Service Center Region Twelve. It is the sole high school in the Morgan Independent School District and is classified as a 1A school by the UIL. For the 2024-25 school year, the school received a "C" rating by the Texas Education Agency.

During the spring semester of the 24-25 school year, Morgan ISD became the first school of its size to be chosen for a site visit by Commissioner Mike Morath.

University Interscholastic League
The University Interscholastic League (UIL) is an organization that creates rules for and administers almost all athletic, musical, and academic contests for public primary and secondary schools in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the largest organization of its type in the world.

Activities range from American football and cross-examination debate to mathematics and marching band competitions; however, the UIL does not administer Academic Decathlon competitions.

The UIL is under the governance of the Vice President for Diversity and Community Engagement at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas. Although the Texas Education Agency governs the activities of schools and school districts in Texas, the UIL does not report to TEA, but is instead a separate entity.
Alexandru Pesamosca
Alexandru Pesamosca (March 14, 1930 – September 1, 2011) was a Romanian surgeon and pediatrician, medic at the Marie Sklodovska-Curie (former Budimex) Hospital in Bucharest. He was the leading surgeon for over 50,000 medical surgeries on children at this hospital and other medical facilities in Romania and outside the country.

He was born in Constanța, the son of an officer in the Romanian Royal Navy. He studied at the Mircea cel Bătrân High School in his native city, graduating in 1948. He then went to Bucharest to study at the Faculty of Medicine, obtaining his MD degree in 1954. In 2000 he was awarded the National Order of Faithful Service, Commander rank.

Pesamosca was the patron of the Cuviosul Stelian și Sfântul Nicolae-Brâncoveanu Church built in the backyard of the hospital. In the summer of 2011 he was hospitalized at the Floreasca Hospital for cardiac and renal problems. He died there on 1 September 2011, aged 81
and was buried in the courtyard of the Marie Curie Hospital.

Floreasca Hospital
Floreasca Hospital (Romanian: Spitalul Clinic de Urgență București Floreasca) is a major hospital located at 8 Calea Floreasca, Bucharest, Romania. The hospital is specialized in providing emergency medical care.
Lim Tze Peng
Lim Tze Peng DUBC PJG BBM PPA (Chinese: 林子平; pinyin: Lín Zǐpíng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lîm Tsí-pîng, 28 September 1921 – 3 February 2025) was a Singaporean artist. He was awarded a Cultural Medallion in 2003 in recognition of his contribution to the country's art and culture. In June 2021, it was reported that he was still producing art at the age of 99.

Pingat Pentadbiran Awam
The Pingat Pentadbiran Awam (English: Public Administration Medal) is a Singaporean decoration instituted in 1963 and has three grades:

Emas (Gold)

Perak (Silver)

Gangsa (Bronze)

The medal may be awarded to any of the following persons for outstanding efficiency, competence and industry:

any person who is or has been a public officer.

any person who is or has been an officer employed by any statutory authority (other than a Town Council).

any person who is or has been in the service of any organisation, association or body rendering services in the field of education.

any person who is or has been employed in any company which is wholly owned by the Government and which is carrying on business mainly as an agent or instrumentality of the Government.

Recipients are entitled to use the post-nominal letters PPA, and may include the grade in brackets - e.g.: PPA(E).

The Pingat Pentadbiran Awam (Tentera) is the Singapore Armed Forces equivalent award.
Attentive user interface
Attentive user interfaces (AUI) are user interfaces that manage the user's attention. For instance, an AUI can manage notifications, deciding when to interrupt the user, the kind of warnings, and the level of detail of the messages presented to the user.
Attentive user interfaces, by generating only the relevant information, can in particular be used to display information in a way that increase the effectiveness of the interaction.

According to Roel Vertegaal, there are four main types of attentive user interfaces:

Visual attention

Turn management

Interruption decision interfaces

Visual detail management interfaces

Roel Vertegaal
Roeland "Roel" Vertegaal (born July 13, 1968) is a Dutch-Canadian interaction designer, scientist, musician and entrepreneur working in the area of Human-Computer Interaction. He is best known for his pioneering work on flexible and paper computers, with systems such as PaperWindows (2004), PaperPhone (2010) and PaperTab (2012).
Osculating plane
In mathematics, particularly in differential geometry, an osculating plane is a plane in a Euclidean space or affine space which meets a submanifold at a point in such a way as to have a second order of contact at the point.  The word osculate is from Latin  osculari 'to kiss'; an osculating plane is thus a plane which "kisses" a submanifold.

The osculating plane in the geometry of Euclidean space curves can be described in terms of the Frenet-Serret formulas as the linear span of the tangent and normal vectors.

Submanifold
In mathematics, a submanifold of a manifold  is a subset  which itself has the structure of a manifold, and for which the inclusion map  satisfies certain properties. There are different types of submanifolds depending on exactly which properties are required. Different authors often have different definitions.