hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Manning Cup
The Manning Cup Football Competition (also currently known as the Inter-Secondary Schools Sports Association (ISSA)/Gatorade/Digicel Manning Cup football competition for sponsorship reasons) is an annual football (soccer) contest among Secondary High School Under-19 boys' teams located in the Kingston & St Andrew and Saint Catherine parishes of Jamaica. Along with the Dacosta Cup contest for rural high school boys, the Manning Cup is one of the most watched football sporting events in Jamaica, rivaling the country's highest level football league (Jamaica Premier League) in popularity, . The competition remains a key showcase for talented players and serves as a launchpad into domestic and overseas club careers as well as call up opportunities to the Jamaica national football team.

Jamaica Premier League
The Jamaica Premier League (formerly the National Premier League), commonly abbreviated as JPL and officially known as the Wray and Nephew Jamaica Premier League for sponsorship reasons, is sanctioned by the Jamaican Football Federation as the top division for men's association football in Jamaica. Contested between 14 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the JFF Championship. Most games are played on Sunday afternoons and Monday evenings (Monday Night Football).
Adapter
An adapter or adaptor is a device that converts attributes of one electrical device or system to those of an otherwise incompatible device or system. Some modify power or signal attributes, while others merely adapt the physical form of one connector to another.

Passivity (engineering)
Passivity is a property of engineering systems, most commonly encountered in analog electronics and control systems. Typically, analog designers use passivity to refer to incrementally passive components and systems, which are incapable of power gain. In contrast, control systems engineers will use passivity to refer to thermodynamically passive ones, which consume, but do not produce, energy. As such, without context or a qualifier, the term passive is ambiguous.

An electronic circuit consisting entirely of passive components is called a passive circuit, and has the same properties as a passive component.

If a device is not passive, then it is an active device.
Laurent Bouhnik
Laurent Bouhnik (French pronunciation: [lɔʁɑ̃ bunik]) (born 7 April 1961) is a French director, writer, and actor.

Bouhnik began his career in the comic strip and illustration business. From 1988 to 1992, he worked technical image and editing jobs within his production company.

Bouhnik's film  Madeleine (1999) was the first step in  his project to direct one film per year between 1999 and 2009, recounting the turn of the century France in an interweaving narrative pattern.

Bouhnik teaches directing and script-writing at La Fémis in Paris. He has appeared in cameo roles in Vivante (2001), Sur un air d'autoroute (1999) and Paddy (1998).

Bouhnik is a member of the Assange support committee in France   that is advocating for his release and for France to grant him political asylum.

1994 in film
This is a list of films released in 1994. The top worldwide grosser was The Lion King, becoming the highest-grossing animated film of all-time, although it was slightly overtaken at the North American domestic box office by Forrest Gump, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture. The year is considered to be one of Hollywood's best years for cinema during the post-Golden Age era, setting the standard for the movies of the modern age.

Also in 1994, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer celebrated its 70th anniversary.
Spanish frigate Navas de Tolosa
Navas de Tolosa was a Spanish Navy screw frigate in commission from 1866 to 1886. She was the last wooden screw frigate to enter service in the Spanish Navy. She took part in operations related to the Chincha Islands War and the Ten Years' War. During the Cantonal Rebellion of 1873–1874, she fought on the central government side and participated in the Battle of Portmán. She also took part in the Third Carlist War in 1875. She was named for the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa of 16 July 1212, known in Islamic history as the Battle of Al-Uqab, a turning point in the Reconquista.

Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, known in Islamic history as the Battle of Al-Uqab (Arabic: معركة العقاب), took place on 16 July 1212 and was an important turning point in the Reconquista and the medieval history of Spain. The Christian forces of King Alfonso VIII of Castile, were joined by the armies of his rivals, Sancho VII of Navarre and Peter II of Aragon, in battle against the Almohad Muslim rulers of the southern half of the Iberian Peninsula. The caliph al-Nasir (Miramamolín in the Spanish chronicles) led the Almohad army, made up of people from all over the Almohad Caliphate.

Navas de Tolosa (also called Las Navas) is a town and hamlet in southern Spain, in the municipality of La Carolina, in the province of Jaén, in the eastern part of the Sierra Morena region, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the border with the province of Ciudad Real.
Empingham Marshy Meadows
Empingham Marshy Meadows is a 14 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Empingham in Rutland.

This site in the valley of the North Brook has a complex geological structure and diverse habitats, including grassland and base-rich marsh and fen. Flora in wetter areas include adder's tongue fern, marsh marigold and ragged robin.

Public footpaths from Empingham go through the meadows.

Silene flos-cuculi
Silene flos-cuculi (syn. Lychnis flos-cuculi), the ragged-robin, is a perennial herbaceous plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. It is native to Eurasia and Siberia  and has been introduced to North America.
Karacaoğlan
Karacaoğlan was a 17th-century Anatolian Turkish folk poet and ashik. His exact dates of birth and death are unknown but it is widely accepted that he was born around 1606 and died around 1679. He lived around the city of Osmaniye. His tomb, which was organized as a mausoleum in 1997, is at Karacaoğlan hill in the village of Karacaoğlan, Mut, Mersin. In this regard, he was the first known folk poet and ashik whose statue was built.

His poetry gave a vivid picture of nature and village life in Anatolian settlements. This kind of folk poetry, as distinct from the poetry of the Ottoman palace, was emphasized after the foundation of the Republic of Turkey in 1923 and became an important influence on modern lyric poetry, with Karacaoğlan being its foremost exponent.

Diwan (poetry)
A diwan (from Persian دیوان divân [d̪iːˈvɒːn]; Arabic pronunciation: [diːˈwaːn]) is a collection of poems by a single author – usually excluding the poet's long poems – in Islamic cultures of West Asia, Central Asia, North Africa, Sicily and South Asia.

The vast majority of Diwan poetry was lyric in nature: either ghazals (or gazels, which make up the greatest part of the repertoire of the tradition) or kasîdes. There were, however, other common genres, most particularly the mesnevî—a kind of verse romance and thus a variety of narrative poetry; the two most notable examples of this form are the Layla and Majnun (ليلى و مجنون) of Fuzûlî and the Hüsn ü Aşk (حسن و عشق – 'Beauty and Love') of Şeyh Gâlib.

Originating in Persian literature, the idea spread to the Arab, Turkic and Indic worlds, and the term was sometimes used in Europe, albeit not always in the same way.
Morvern Callar (film)
Morvern Callar is a 2002 psychological drama film directed by Lynne Ramsay and starring Samantha Morton as the title character and Kathleen McDermott. The screenplay, cowritten by Ramsay and Liana Dognini, was based on the 1995 novel of the same name by Alan Warner. It follows a young woman in a small Scottish port town who, in the aftermath of her boyfriend's suicide, conceals his death before embarking on a vacation with her friend.

A co-production between the United Kingdom and Canada, Morvern Callar premiered at the 2002 Cannes Film Festival, and was released theatrically in the United Kingdom on 1 November 2002. It received favorable reviews from film critics. The film was nominated for seven awards at the British Independent Film Awards, with Morton winning for Best Actress and cinematography Alwin H. Küchler winning for Best Technical Achievement, while McDermott won the award for Best Actress at the BAFTA Scotland Awards.

BAFTA Scotland
BAFTA Scotland is the Scottish branch of the British Academy of Film and Television Arts. Formed in 1986, the branch supports film, television and games talent in Scotland through year-round membership activity, awarding bursaries for new talent and holds an annual awards ceremony recognising the achievement by performers and production staff in Scottish film, television and video games. These Awards are separate from the British Academy Television Awards and British Academy Film Awards.
Mayate
Mayate is a small town and rural commune in El Kelâat Es-Sraghna Province of the Marrakesh-Safi region of Morocco. At the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 11,504 people living in 1779 households.

2004 Moroccan census
The 2004 Moroccan census, formally the General Population and Housing Census for the year 2004, was held in Morocco in 2004, conducted by the High Planning Commission. The previous census was taken in 1994.
Canopus Hill Observatory
The Canopus Hill Observatory, located approximately 12 km from Hobart in Tasmania, Australia, is an optical astronomy observatory belonging to the University of Tasmania (UTAS). Due to the high southern latitude, the Canopus Hill Observatory is able to observe and study the Magellanic Clouds. However, the observatory has closed down due to the "encroaching light pollution from the Hobart suburbs". According to the Astronomical Society, light pollution reduces the vision of the night sky, becoming a "major menace to amateur and professional astronomers alike".

Magellanic Clouds
The Magellanic Clouds (Magellanic system or Nubeculae Magellani) are two irregular dwarf galaxies in the southern celestial hemisphere. Orbiting the Milky Way galaxy, these satellite galaxies are members of the Local Group. Because both show signs of a bar structure, they are often reclassified as Magellanic spiral galaxies.

The two galaxies are the following:

Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), about 163 kly (50 kpc) away

Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), about 206 kly (63 kpc) away

The Magellanic Clouds are visible to the unaided eye from the Southern Hemisphere, but cannot be observed from the most northern latitudes.
Sándor Csörgő
Sándor Csörgő (16 July 1947 at Egerfarmos, Heves County – 14 February 2008 at Újszeged, Csongrád County) was a Hungarian mathematician, and a professor at the University of Szeged.

His main fields were probability, mathematical statistics, and asymptotic theory. He did important research on the St. Petersburg paradox.

He was a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

His brother Miklós Csörgő is also a mathematician.

Mathematical statistics
Mathematical statistics is the application of probability theory and other mathematical concepts to statistics, as opposed to techniques for collecting statistical data. Specific mathematical techniques that are commonly used in statistics include mathematical analysis, linear algebra, stochastic analysis, differential equations, and measure theory.
Amata nigricornis
Amata nigricornis  is a species of moth of the family Erebidae first described by Sergei Alphéraky in 1883. It is common in Ukraine and found in the southern part of European Russia, the Transcaucasus, Turkey and Iran.

The wingspan is 30–35 mm.

South Caucasus
The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia, or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, which are sometimes collectively known as the Caucasian States. The total area of these countries measures about 186,100 square kilometres (71,850 square miles). The South Caucasus and the North Caucasus together comprise the larger Caucasus geographical region that divides Eurasia.
Valtorta, Lombardy
Valtorta (Bergamasque: Altòrta) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Milan and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Bergamo.

Valtorta borders the following municipalities: Barzio, Cassiglio, Gerola Alta, Introbio, Ornica, Vedeseta.

Barzio
Barzio (Valsassinese Lombard: Bàrs) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located in the Valsassina about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Milan and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) northeast of Lecco.
1956 anti-Tamil pogrom
The 1956 anti-Tamil pogrom, also known as the Gal Oya riots, was the first organised pogrom against Sri Lankan Tamils in the Dominion of Ceylon. It began with anti-Tamil rioting in Colombo, followed by anti-Sinhalese rioting in the Batticaloa District. The worst of the violence took place in the Gal Oya valley after the Batticaloa attacks, where local majority Sinhalese colonists and employees of the Gal Oya Development Board commandeered government vehicles, dynamite and weapons and massacred minority Tamils. It is estimated that over 150 people, mostly Tamils, had died during the violence. The police and army were eventually able to bring the situation under control.

Ilankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi
Ilankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi (ITAK; lit. 'Sri Lanka Tamil State Party'; Tamil: இலங்கைத் தமிழரசுக் கட்சி, Sinhala: ඉලංගෙයි තමිළ් අරසු කච්චි) is a Sri Lankan political party which represents the Sri Lankan Tamil minority in the country. It was originally founded in 1949 as a breakaway faction of the All Ceylon Tamil Congress (ACTC). In 1972, ITAK merged with the ACTC and Ceylon Workers' Congress (CWC) to form the Tamil United Front, which later changed its name to the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF). ITAK remained dormant until 2004 when a split in the TULF resulted in ITAK being re-established as an active political party. ITAK was the main constituent party of the Tamil National Alliance from 2004 until its dissolution in 2024. As of 2024, the party is the largest Tamil party in Parliament and the third-largest overall,  after the National People's Power and the Samagi Jana Balawegaya.
1910 Alabama gubernatorial election
The 1910 Alabama gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 1910, in order to elect the governor of Alabama. Democratic incumbent B. B. Comer was term-limited, and could not seek a second consecutive term.

Governor of Alabama
The governor of Alabama is the head of government of the U.S. state of Alabama. The governor is the head of the executive branch of Alabama's state government and is charged with enforcing state laws. Kay Ivey is the 54th and current governor since 2017.
Friends in Bellwoods
Friends in Bellwoods is a compilation album, released in 2007. It was the first release on Out of This Spark, through a distribution deal with Sonic Unyon Records. The album is named for a house on Bellwoods Avenue in Toronto, shared by two members of the band Ohbijou, which NOW has written "might just be the new epicentre of T.O.'s indie rock community". All of the featured artists are members or friends and collaborators of Ohbijou, and many of the tracks on the album were recorded in the house itself.

The album is a benefit for Toronto's Daily Bread Food Bank.

The album was officially released across Canada on February 12, 2007, although it was available for sale in some venues in Toronto in mid-January.

A second edition, Friends in Bellwoods II, was released in August 2009.

Daily Bread Food Bank
Daily Bread Food Bank (DBFB) is a Canadian charity organization with a stated goal of ending hunger in Toronto by collaborating with all to eliminate food insecurity and advocate for solutions to end poverty. Founded in 1983, the organization is based in Toronto, Ontario, and is one of the largest food bank organizations in Canada.

Daily Bread distributes fresh and shelf-stable food, as well as fresh-cooked meals, to over 200 food programs at 129 member agencies across Toronto. Its network of agencies serviced nearly 3 million client visits in 2023.
Fort of Cego
The Fort of Cego is located in the municipality of Arruda dos Vinhos, in the Lisbon District of Portugal. It is also known as the Fort of Saint Sebastian (Portuguese: Forte de S. Sebastião). The fort was built in 1809-10 as part of the first of the three Lines of Torres Vedras, which were defensive lines to protect the Portuguese capital Lisbon from invasion by the French during the Peninsular War (1807–14) or, in the event of defeat, to safely embark a retreating British Army.

Lisbon District
Lisbon (Portuguese: Lisboa) is a district located along the western coast of Portugal.  The district capital is the city of Lisbon, which is also the national capital. From its creation in 1835 until 1926, it included the area of the current Setúbal District.
NKVD prisoner massacre in Lutsk
The NKVD prisoner massacre in Lutsk was a Soviet war crime conducted by the NKVD and NKGB in the city of Lutsk, situated in occupied Poland (present-day Ukraine). On June 23, 1941, during the second day of the German invasion of the USSR, the Soviets executed a vast majority of the prisoners held in the Lutsk prison, predominantly Ukrainians and Poles. The estimated number of victims is believed to be around 2,000, although there are varying estimates from different sources. This atrocity was one among many prisoner massacres carried out by the Soviet secret police and army during the summer of 1941.

Secret police
Secret police (or political police) are government agencies that operate as secret services engaging in covert operations against a government's political, ideological or social opponents and dissidents. Secret police organizations are characteristic of police states governed by authoritarian and totalitarian regimes. They protect the political power of a dictator or regime and often operate outside the law to repress dissidents and weaken political opposition, frequently using violence. They may enjoy legal sanction to hold and charge suspects without ever identifying their organization.
Aïn Bessem
Ain-Bessem is a town and commune in Bouïra Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 32,548.

Ain Bessam people are the same ethnic group of Berbers of Kabylia. But only few of them speaks Kabyle, Ain bessam people also known as "Souara" are Berbers who speaks Algerian Arabic (Derja)

Algerian Arabic
Algerian Arabic (Arabic: الدارجة الجزائرية, romanized: ad-dārija al-jazāʾiriyya), natively known as Dziria, Darja or Derja, is a variety of Arabic spoken in Algeria. It belongs to the Maghrebi Arabic dialect continuum and is mostly intelligible with the Tunisian and Moroccan dialects. Darja (الدارجة) means 'everyday/colloquial dialect'.

Like other varieties of Maghrebi Arabic, Algerian Arabic has a mostly Semitic vocabulary. It contains Berber, Punic, and African Romance influences and has some loanwords from French, Andalusi Arabic, Ottoman Turkish and Spanish. Berber loanwords represent 8% to 9% of its vocabulary.
Anwar Maqsood
Anwar Maqsood Hameedi (born 7 September 1939) is a Pakistani scriptwriter, television presenter, satirist, humorist, painter and infrequent actor. He is well known for his drama write-ups for PTV in the late 1970s and 1980s.

Humorist
A humorist is an intellectual who uses humor, or wit, in writing or public speaking. A raconteur is one who tells anecdotes in a skillful and amusing way.

Henri Bergson writes that a humorist's work grows from viewing the morals of society.

The term comedian is generally applied to one who is performing to an audience for laughter.
Daníel Leó Grétarsson
Daníel Leó Grétarsson Schmidt (born 2 October 1995) is an Icelandic professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for SønderjyskE and the Iceland national team. He has previously played for Grindavík, Aalesund, Blackpool and Śląsk Wrocław.

Grindavík (men's football)
The Grindavík men's football team is the men's football department of the Ungmennafélag Grindavíkur multi-sport club. It is based in Grindavík in south-west Iceland, and currently plays in the Lengjudeildin, the second tier in Icelandic football.
National Institute of Animal Welfare
The National Institute of Animal Welfare (NIAW) is a division of the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying (Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying) in India. It is located in Ballabgarh, Haryana. Gram Panchyat land was acquired, District Khadi and Village Industries Officer at Faridabad Naresh Kadyan played key roles to establish NIAW in Faridabad District of Haryana State.
Now NIAW merged with AWBI, the purpose of NIAW defeated as this establishment disappeared.

Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying
The Department of Animal husbandry and Dairying (DAHD) is an Indian government department. It is a subsidiary department of the Ministry of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries which was formed as a new Indian ministry in 2019. The DAHD or the erstwhile Department of Animal husbandry, Fishiries and Dairying was formed in 1991 by merging together into a separate department, of two divisions of Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, namely animal husbandry and dairy development. In 1997 the fisheries division of Department of Agriculture and Cooperation and a part of the Ministry of Food Processing Industries was transferred to it. In February 2019 the Department of Fisheries was carved out from the Department of Animal husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries and it has been functioning as Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying since then.
BYC
BYC may mean:

Baloch Yakjehti Committee, a human rights movement in Balochistan, Pakistan

Backyard cricket

Balboa Yacht Club

Barrack Young Controllers FC, an association football club in Monrovia, Liberia

Balatonfüredi Yacht Club of Balatonfüred, Hungary

Base Year Compensation, a type of player in NBA, see NBA Salary Cap

Bayview Yacht Club of Detroit, Michigan

Biloxi Yacht Club of Biloxi, Mississippi

Brachyspina carrier, a calf tested positive for having brachyspina syndrome (a genetic abnormality in the Holstein Friesian cattle breed); those tested negative are designated as BYF (brachyspina-free)

British Youth Council

Broken Yolk Cafe

Buccaneer Yacht Club (Alabama)

Backyard cricket
Backyard cricket, also known as bat ball, bat down, street cricket, beach cricket, corridor cricket, garden cricket, gully cricket (in the Indian subcontinent) and box cricket (in instances of shorter grounds), is an informal variant of cricket. It is typically played in various non-traditional venues such as gardens, backyards, streets, parks, carparks, beaches, and any area not specifically designed for the sport.

Backyard cricket has connections to the pastimes of Australian, South African and New Zealand and English children who frequently lived on properties with large backyards, providing the facility to play this informal game of sport often with friends, family and neighbors. In South Asia, backyard cricket is very popular.