hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Armenian Revolt (850–855)
The Armenian Revolt (Arabic: ثَوْرَةُ الأَرْمَن) was an armed rebellion fought in 850–855 by Armenian nobility against Abbasid authority over Arminiya following a taxation dispute. The main leading families were the Bagratuni of Taron and Artsruni of Vaspurakan. It was ultimately crushed by the Turkic general Bugha al-Kabir in the service of caliph al-Mutawakkil (r. 847–861), helped by disagreements and rivalry among the Armenian nobility. Bugha went on to also defeat the Tbilisi emir and the Abkhaz king. Tens of thousands were executed and Tbilisi was destroyed. The numerous noblemen captured and held at the Abbasid capital during the rebellion were subsequently released.

Gnuni
Gnuni (Armenian: Գնունի; c. 300–800.) was a princely family in Armenia, who ruled the region of Aliovit, including the cities of Archesh, Arberani and Berkri on the northern shore of Lake Van. They were an offshoot of the Orontids.

Main rulers:

Atat Gnuni c. 387, deposed

Atom Gnuni c. 445

Vahan Gnuni c. 451

Atom and Arastom Gnuni c. 480

Mjej Gnuni c. 628

Vahan a.k.a. Dachnak c. 772

Around 772, Manazkert and Aghiovit were occupied by the Qayasite Dynasty.
Sanaadi Appanna
Sanaadi Appanna (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1977 Indian Kannada-language musical film directed by Vijay based on the novel Kuniyitu Hejje Naliyithu Gejje by Krishnamoorthy Puranik which was loosely based on the life of Bagalkote shehnai player Appanna (1876-1945). The film starred Rajkumar in title role with Jaya Prada in the lead role along with Ashok, Balakrishna, R. Sampath, Thoogudeepa Srinivas, Papamma and Baby Madhavi in supporting roles. Puneeth Rajkumar made a brief appearance in one of the songs of this film.

The film is considered a landmark in Kannada cinema. It is notable for the fact that Bismillah Khan played the actual shehnai for Rajkumar's character in this movie. The film was remade in Telugu as Sannayi Appanna (1980) starring Sobhan Babu. It saw a theatrical run of 50 weeks.

Thoogudeepa Srinivas
Mysore Srinivas (17 April 1943 – 16 October 1995), known by his stage name Thoogudeepa Srinivas was an Indian actor who appeared in Kannada films and is remembered for his portrayal of negative-shaded characters. He is the father of actor, Darshan and film director Dinakar.
Go Se-tae
Go Se-tae (Korean: 고세태; 1925 – 22 April 1986) was a South Korean basketball player who competed in the 1956 Summer Olympics. He graduated from Kaesong Songdo Middle School, and went on to attend Korea University. In 1952 he was in military service and played for the Military Manpower Administration basketball team. He later played for the Korea Development Bank team. After his appearance at the Olympics, he became a director of the Korea Basketball Association, and was one of the few directors who did not join the mass resignation after the South Korean team's poor performance at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He died at his home in Hyochang-dong, Yongsan District, Seoul on the morning of 22 April 1986.

Basketball at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Basketball contests at the 1964 Summer Olympics was the sixth appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event. It took place at the Yoyogi National Gymnasium in Tokyo, Japan from October 11 to October 23. The United States defeated the Soviet Union to win their sixth consecutive gold medal at this event, while Brazil earned the bronze against Puerto Rico.
S. G. Esmatur Mominin
S. G. Esmatur Mominin is an Indian Bengali politician and lawyer, who served as the MLA for the Phulbari constituency in the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly from 2018 to 2023. He is also a member of the Garo Hills Autonomous District Council. He resigned from NPP and joined the All India Trinamool Congress in January 2023.

Garo Hills Autonomous District Council
Garo Hills Autonomous District Council (GHADC) is an autonomous district council in the state of Meghalaya in India. It is seated at Tura and covers East Garo Hills district, West Garo Hills district, South Garo Hills district, North Garo Hills district and South West Garo Hills district; is one of the three Autonomous District Councils within Meghalaya, and one of twenty-five autonomous regions of India. The total area of the Garo Hills Autonomous District Council is 10,102 sq km having a population of 1,394,362 as of 2011.
Australian Bill of Rights Group
The Australian Bill of Rights Group was a minor Australian political party agitating for the creation of a Bill of Rights for Australia. Formally registered on 19 December 1995, it operated until it was deregistered for having fewer than 500 members on 15 November 1999. At the 1996 federal election it contested the Senate in New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland on joint tickets with the Republican Party of Australia; among its candidates were future New South Wales Legislative Councillor Peter Breen, who headed the ticket in New South Wales. The party ran a single ticket in Victoria in the 1998 federal election.

Bill of rights
A bill of rights, sometimes called a declaration of rights or a charter of rights, is a list of the most important rights to the citizens of a country.  The purpose is to protect those rights against infringement from public officials and private citizens.

Bills of rights may be entrenched or unentrenched. An entrenched bill of rights cannot be amended or repealed by a country's legislature through regular procedure, instead requiring a supermajority or referendum; often it is part of a country's constitution, and therefore subject to special procedures applicable to constitutional amendments.
Terry Harper (baseball)
Terry Joe Harper (born August 19, 1955) is an American former professional baseball player who played outfielder in the Major Leagues from 1980–1987. He played for the Atlanta Braves, Pittsburgh Pirates, and Detroit Tigers, as well as one season for the Yakult Swallows in Japan. Harper now works as a hitting coach in the Atlanta area.

Tokyo Yakult Swallows
The Tokyo Yakult Swallows (Japanese: 東京ヤクルトスワローズ, Hepburn: Tōkyō Yakuruto Suwarōzu) are a Japanese professional baseball team competing in Nippon Professional Baseball's Central League. Based in Shinjuku, Tokyo, they are one of two professional baseball teams in Tokyo, the other being the Yomiuri Giants. They have won nine Central League championships and six Japan Series championships. Since 1964, they have played their home games at Meiji Jingu Stadium.

The Swallows are named after their corporate owners, Yakult Honsha. From 1950 to 1965, the team was owned by the former Japanese National Railways (known as Kokutetsu (国鉄) in Japanese) and called the Kokutetsu Swallows; the team was then owned by the newspaper Sankei Shimbun from 1965 to 1968 and called the Sankei Atoms. Yakult purchased the team in 1970 and renamed it the Yakult Atoms, before renaming it again as the Yakult Swallows in 1974, and then the Tokyo Yakult Swallows in 2006.
Ian Williams (sailor)
Ian Williams (born 26 April 1977) is a world class sailor with many credits to his name, including seven-time winner of the World Match Racing Championships.

Williams specialises in match racing competing in the World Match Racing Tour. In 2008 following winning the tour and therefore the World Championship title he was shortlisted by the International Sailing Federation for the ISAF World Sailor of the Year Awards. This achievement was remarkable as Williams was up against a number of full-time professional America's Cup teams.

Williams is featured on the International mainstream sports talk broadcast network as a sailing celebrity on Sports Byline on Sail Sport Talk with Karen Lile (co-host Rick Tittle)

World Sailor of the Year Awards
The World Sailor of the Year Awards were launched in 1994 by World Sailing (formerly the International Sailing Federation) to reward individual sailors for outstanding achievements in the sport. The awards have been sponsored by Rolex since 2001.
McSherrystown, Pennsylvania
McSherrystown is a borough in Adams County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 3,077 as of the 2020 census.

McSherrystown was home to the headquarters of Teddy Bear manufacturer Boyds Bears, as well as the oldest operating family-run cigar manufacturer in the U.S. (since 1863), F.X. Smith & Sons. Boyds has since closed down, and in 2018, the cigar company was sold.

Borough (Pennsylvania)
In the United States Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, a borough (sometimes spelled boro) is a self-governing municipal entity, equivalent to a town in most jurisdictions, usually smaller than a city, but with a similar population density in its residential areas.  Sometimes thought of as "junior cities", boroughs generally have fewer powers and responsibilities than full-fledged cities.
Jerry Clark (politician)
Gerald Clark (born November 29, 1952) is a Republican politician. Clark represented District 29C of the Maryland House of Delegates from when he was appointed to the position on October 13, 2016, to January 11, 2023.

Maryland House of Delegates District 29C
Maryland House of Delegates District 29C is one of the 67 districts that compose the Maryland House of Delegates. Along with subdistricts 29A and 29B, it makes up the 29th district of the Maryland Senate. District 29C includes parts of Calvert County and St. Mary's County, and is represented by one delegate.
Hinwood
Hinwood is surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bonaventure Hinwood (1930–2016), South African priest and poet

John Hinwood (1894–1971), English cricketer

Peter Hinwood (born 1946), English actor

Rhyl Hinwood (born 1940), Australian sculptor

John Hinwood
John Hinwood (8 April 1894 – 14 May 1971) was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-fast bowler who played for Glamorgan. He was born in Wilton and died in Swansea.

Hinwood played league cricket for Clydach, Llanelli and Swansea, the latter of whom he occasionally captained. However, he made just one first-class appearance for Glamorgan, and was unfortunate to score a pair in the two innings in which he batted, against Northamptonshire in 1923.
Guillermo O'Donnell
Guillermo Alberto O'Donnell Ure (February 24, 1936 – November 29, 2011) was a prominent Argentine political scientist who specialized in comparative politics and Latin American politics. He spent most of his career working in Argentina and the United States, and who made lasting contributions to theorizing on authoritarianism and democratization, democracy and the state, and the politics of Latin America. His brother is Pacho O'Donnell.

Comparative politics
Comparative politics is a field in political science characterized either by the use of the comparative method or other empirical methods to explore politics both within and between countries. Substantively, this can include questions relating to political institutions, political behavior, conflict, and the causes and consequences of economic development. When applied to specific fields of study, comparative politics may be referred to by other names, such as comparative government (the comparative study of forms of government).
Henry Rathbone
Henry Reed Rathbone (July 1, 1837 – August 14, 1911) was an American military officer and lawyer who was present at the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln; Rathbone and his fiancée Clara Harris were sitting with Lincoln and Lincoln's wife Mary Todd Lincoln when the president was shot by John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theatre on April 14, 1865.

When Rathbone attempted to apprehend Booth, Booth stabbed and seriously wounded him. Rathbone may have played a part in Booth's leg injury. His mental state deteriorated afterwards, and in 1883, he killed his wife, Clara; he was declared insane and lived the rest of his life in a lunatic asylum.

Lunatic asylum
The lunatic asylum, insane asylum or mental asylum was an institution where people with mental illness were confined. It was an early precursor of the modern psychiatric hospital.

Modern psychiatric hospitals evolved from and eventually replaced the older lunatic asylum. The treatment of inmates in early lunatic asylums was sometimes brutal and focused on containment and restraint. The discovery of anti-psychotic drugs and mood-stabilizing drugs resulted in a shift in focus from containment in lunatic asylums to treatment in psychiatric hospitals. Later, there was further and more thorough critique in the form of the deinstitutionalization movement which focuses on treatment at home or in less isolated institutions.

Whilst it was used in the past, modern and more humane areas have been developed as opposed to the unorthodox methods of isolation and questionable therapies used in Lunatic (insane) asylum(s).
Surendran Reddy
Surendran Reddy (9 March 1962 – 22 January 2010) was a South African composer and pianist.

After his studies at the Royal College of Music and King's College in London he had a highly successful international career as a classical and jazz pianist. He invented his own new musical style called "clazz" in which he fuses classical, jazz, South African mbaqanga and other world music elements. His compositions, which have been performed all over the world, include orchestral and chamber music as well as solo instrumental and vocal works.

Mbaqanga
Mbaqanga (Zulu pronunciation: [mɓaˈǃáːŋga]) is a style of South African music that emerged in the early 1960s in the urban townships, particularly around Johannesburg. It draws from a variety of ethnic traditions, including Zulu, Xhosa, Sotho, Pedi, and Tsonga musical elements. Mbaqanga blends traditional South African vocal harmonies, rhythmic patterns, and dance styles with influences from marabi, kwela, and Western popular music such as jazz. It continues to influence musicians both in South Africa and globally.
First Congregational Church (Jackson, Michigan)
The First Congregational Church is a historic church in downtown Jackson, Michigan, adjacent to the original city square. It was listed as a Michigan State Historic Site in 1987 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in July 2017. The church is currently home to the First Congregational Church, United Church of Christ of Jackson.

Michigan State Historic Preservation Office
The Michigan State Historic Preservation Office is one of 59 state historic preservation offices established according to the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 that plays a role in implementing federal historic preservation policy in the United States. The purposes of a SHPO include surveying and recognizing historic properties, reviewing nominations for properties to be included in the National Register of Historic Places, reviewing federal and state undertakings for their impact on historic resources, and supporting federal organizations, state and local governments, and private sector in historic preservation matters.

The organization was formerly involved in the listing of state historic sites and operating the state's historical marker program; that function is now performed by the Michigan History Center and Eastern Michigan University.
Tyler Clutts
Tyler Clutts (born November 9, 1984) is an American former professional football player who was a fullback in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cleveland Browns, Chicago Bears, Houston Texans, Miami Dolphins and Dallas Cowboys. He played college football for the Fresno State Bulldogs.

Fresno State Bulldogs football
The Fresno State Bulldogs football team represents California State University, Fresno, in NCAA Division I FBS college football as a member of the Mountain West Conference (Pac-12 Conference in 2026). The green "V" on the Bulldogs' helmets, uniforms, and playing field symbolizes California's Central Valley, specifically the San Joaquin Valley, the agricultural valley from which they draw their support.
Ivy the Kiwi?
Ivy the Kiwi? (アイビィ ザ キウィ?, Aibyi za Kiwi?) is a platform video game developed by Prope and designed by Yuji Naka. The Windows Mobile version was released in Japan in November 2009 and in North America in January 2010. That same year, versions for Wii and Nintendo DS were published by Namco Bandai Games in Japan, by Xseed Games in North America, and by Rising Star Games in Europe. The game was ported and released for iOS in October 2012 and Android in August 2013.

Xseed Games
Marvelous USA Inc., (formerly Xseed Games), is an American video game company founded in 2004 by former members of Square Enix USA with the goal to localize Japanese games for American market.

Xseed Games later became a subsidiary of Japanese game company Marvelous in 2011, providing the localization and publishing services for video games and related materials.

In 2024, the company only retained the Xseed Games brand for third-party published titles.
Panos Skourletis
Panagiotis ("Panos") Skourletis (Greek: Παναγιώτης ("Πάνος") Σκουρλέτης; born 1 January 1962 in Athens) is a Greek politician of the Coalition of the Radical Left (SYRIZA). He served as the Minister of Productive Reconstruction, Environment and Energy from 18 July to 28 August 2015. From 27 January 2015 to 18 July 2015 he was the Minister of Labour and Social Solidarity.

Ministry of the Environment and Energy (Greece)
The Ministry of the Environment and Energy (Greek: Υπουργείο Περιβάλλοντος και Ενέργειας) is a government department of Greece responsible for environmental and energy policy. It was created on 7 October 2009 as the Ministry of the Environment, Energy and Climate Change to succeed the Ministry for the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works. The incumbent minister is Theodoros Skylakakis of New Democracy.
The Careless Age
The Careless Age is a 1929 American all-talking pre-Code drama film directed by John Griffith Wray and written by Harrison Macklyn and Harold Shumate. It is based on the 1927 play Diversion by John Van Druten. The film stars Douglas Fairbanks Jr., Carmel Myers, Holmes Herbert, Kenneth Thomson, and Loretta Young. The film was released by Warner Bros. Pictures on September 15, 1929.

John Griffith Wray
John Griffith Wray (August 30, 1881 – July 15, 1929) was an American stage actor and director who later became a noted Hollywood silent film director. He worked on 19 films between 1913 and 1929 that included Anna Christie (1923) and Human Wreckage (1923), Dorothy Davenport's story about her husband Wallace Reid's drug addiction and death.
Channel 45 digital TV stations in the United States
The following television stations broadcast on digital channel 45 in the United States:

K45KS-D in Billings, Montana, to move to channel 19

W45DN-D in Washington, D.C., to move to channel 10, on virtual channel 46

The following television stations, which are no longer licensed, formerly broadcast on digital channel 45 in the United States:

K45AF-D in Parachute, etc., Colorado

K45AU-D in Follett, Texas

K45DS-D in Freshwater, etc., California

K45DY-D in New Mobeetie, Texas

K45GD-D in Romeo, etc., Colorado

K45IA-D in Rock Springs, Wyoming

K45KT-D in Sargents, Colorado

K45KX-D in Weed, California

KCDR-LD in Cedar Rapids, Iowa

KHPB-CD in Bastrop, Texas

KLHU-CD in Lake Havasu City, Arizona

KMDK-LD in Jonesboro, Arkansas

W45DI-D in Juana Diaz, Puerto Rico

W45DJ-D in Panama City, Florida

W45ED-D in Clarksdale, Mississippi

WJOS-LD in Pomeroy, Ohio

WKDH in Houston, Mississippi

WMUN-CD in Mineola, New York

WKDH
WKDH (channel 45) was a television station licensed to Houston, Mississippi, United States, which served as the ABC affiliate for the Columbus–Tupelo market. WKDH was owned by Southern Broadcasting, which was headed by Walter D. Spain whose father, Frank K. Spain, owned Tupelo-based NBC affiliate WTVA (channel 9). As such, the station was operated under a local marketing agreement (LMA) with WTVA; the Spain family also operated West Point–licensed Fox affiliate WLOV-TV (channel 27) under a separate LMA with Lingard Broadcasting. The three stations shared studios on Beech Springs Road (County Road 681) in Saltillo; WKDH's transmitter was located in Woodland, Mississippi.
N4 Library
The N4 Library is a public library in the London Borough of Islington, England.  The library sits alongside the City and Islington College Centre for Lifelong Learning building, on Blackstock Road. Both were opened in January 2004.

City and Islington College
City and Islington College (CANDI) has now been rebranded to Capital City College Group and provides further, adult and higher education full-time and part-time courses, including vocational technical courses, A Levels, T Levels and professional and academic courses at different levels.
LEC billing
LEC billing is a form of billing for Internet-based or other usually electronic services where the user is charged through their account with the local telephone company (also known as the local exchange carrier or LEC), rather than directly from the provider of the service.

LEC billing is permitted in the United States as the breakup of the Bell System forced local telcos out of the long-distance business; each client would otherwise receive multiple monthly bills (one for local service, one for long distance). There is no LEC billing for alternate long-distance carriers in Canada as Bell Canada and Telus remain in the long-distance business and do not collect on behalf of their competitors.

The LEC billing system is subject to abuse by vendors. Cramming is a form of phone fraud in which a third-party vendor adds unauthorised charges to a subscriber's local telephone bill.

Interexchange carrier
An interexchange carrier (IXC), in U.S. legal and regulatory terminology, is a type of telecommunications company, commonly called a long-distance telephone company. It is defined as any carrier that provides services across multiple local access and transport areas (interLATA). Calls made on telephone circuits within the local geographic area covered by one local network are handled only by that intraLATA carrier, commonly called a local telephone exchange carrier. Local calls are usually defined by connections made without additional charge whether the connected call is in the same LATA or connects to another LATA with no charge. IntraLATA usually refers to rated or toll calls between LATA within state boundaries, as opposed to interstate, or calls between LATAs in different states.
Carl Friedrich von Gerber
Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Gerber, since 1859 von Gerber (11 April 1823 – 23 December 1891) was a Saxon politician and one of Germany's leading jurists of his time.

Born to a Thuringian family in Ebeleben, Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, Gerber studied law in Jena and taught it in Erlangen after 1847, in Jena in 1862 and in Leipzig after 1863. He is often mentioned as a leading scholar of civil law together with his friend Rudolf von Jhering, and his views also helped shape the development of constitutional law in Germany.

In 1867, he was elected to the North German Reichstag, and became North German minister of culture in 1871. He held that post until in 1891, shortly before his death, he was appointed chief minister of the Saxon government.

Gerber married Rosalie von Bloedau in 1848, with whom he had three children. After her death in 1859, he married her sister Helene von Bloedau, with whom he had two children.

Kingdom of Saxony
The Kingdom of Saxony (German: Königreich Sachsen) was a German monarchy in Central Europe between 1806 and 1918, the successor of the Electorate of Saxony. It joined the Confederation of the Rhine after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, later joining the German Confederation after Napoleon was defeated in 1815. From 1871, it was part of the German Empire. It became a free state of the Weimar Republic in 1918 after the end of World War I and the abdication of King Frederick Augustus III. Its capital was Dresden, and its modern successor is the Free State of Saxony.