hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philipp Christiaan Molhuysen
Philipp Christiaan Molhuysen (Almelo, 20 August' 1870 – The Hague, 15 July 1944) was a Dutch librarian, historian, biographer, and editor of a leading biographical dictionary, the Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek. He was librarian of the Peace Palace, and later of the Koninklijke Bibliotheek. In the latter capacity he was influential in organizing a national and international network of libraries and their interlibrary loan operations. He also stimulated the development of Dutch public libraries.

Almelo
Almelo (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɑlməloː] ⓘ) is a municipality and a city in the eastern Netherlands. The main population centres are Almelo itself and the villages of Aadorp, Mariaparochie, and Bornerbroek. Almelo has about 75,000 inhabitants in the middle of the rolling countryside of Twente, with the industrial centres of Enschede and Hengelo as close neighbours but also with tourist towns like Ootmarsum, Delden and Markelo only a bicycle ride away.

Almelo received city rights in 1394. Within the city limits lies the castle of the Counts of Almelo. Located in the city centre is Huize Almelo, a castle that in its current form dates back to 1662 but is not open to the public.

The city is also known for its local association football club Heracles Almelo, which plays in the Eredivisie, the highest football league in the Netherlands, and uses the Erve Asito stadium. Some of the Almelo population speak the Tweants dialect.
2018 Arkansas Senate election
The 2018 Arkansas Senate election was held on November 6, 2018, to determine which party would control the Arkansas Senate for the following two years in the 92nd Arkansas General Assembly. Eighteen out of 35 seats in the Arkansas Senate were up for election and the primary occurred on May 22, 2018. Prior to the election, 26 seats were held by Republicans and 9 seats were held by Democrats. The general election saw neither party gain nor lose any seats, meaning that Republicans retained their majority in the State Senate.

92nd Arkansas General Assembly
The Ninety-Second Arkansas General Assembly is the legislative body of the state of Arkansas in 2019 and 2020. In this General Assembly, the Arkansas Senate and Arkansas House of Representatives were both controlled by the Republicans. In the Senate, 26 senators were Republicans and 9 were Democrats. In the House, 76 representatives were Republicans, 24 were Democrats. A special session was called in March 2020 to address the COVID-19 pandemic.
Motagua Valley thornscrub
The Motagua Valley thornscrub ecoregion (WWF ID: NT1312) is located in the Motagua valley in eastern Guatemala.  Surrounded by mountains and receiving relatively little precipitation, the valley is one of the driest in Central America and is characterized by thorn scrub vegetation.  It covers an area of 2330 km2 and belongs to the deserts and xeric shrublands biome, as defined by the World Wildlife Fund.

Motagua River
The Motagua River (Spanish pronunciation: [moˈtaɣwa]) is a 486-kilometre-long (302 mi) river in Guatemala. It rises in the Western Highlands of Guatemala and runs in an easterly direction to the Gulf of Honduras. The Motagua River basin covers an area of 12,670 square kilometres (4,890 sq mi) and is the largest in Guatemala.

The Motagua River valley contains sources of jadeitite, which has been used by many Indigenous communities that have inhabited the region. The Motagua River is also one of the most plastic-emitting rivers in the world, contributing around two percent of global plastic pollution emissions into oceans annually. Conservation efforts have been driven by the government and non-governmental organizations to ensure safe water and clean oceans.
Timeline of the Anglophone Crisis (2026)
This is a timeline of the Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon during 2026.

The Anglophone Crisis is an ongoing armed conflict in the Republic of Cameroon in Central Africa, where historically English-speaking Ambazonian separatists are seeking the independence of the former British trust territory of Southern Cameroons, which was unified with Cameroon since 1961.

Cameroonian English
Cameroonian English (CamE), also known as Cameroon English, or sometimes Cameroon Anglophone English or Ambazonian English, is an English dialect spoken predominantly in Cameroon. It shares some similarities with English varieties in neighbouring West Africa, as Cameroon lies at the west of Central Africa; however, its distinctive phonetics, phonology and lexicon, influenced both by French and by indigenous Cameroonian languages, distinguish it as an independent variety. It is primarily spoken in the Northwest and Southwest regions of Cameroon.

It is a postcolonial variety of English, long in use in the territory (Southern Cameroons, now split into Northwest and Southwest). Over the years, it has developed characteristic features, particularly in lexis but also in phonology and grammar. Those characteristics were once regarded as errors but are now increasingly accepted as distinctive Cameroonian contributions to the English language.
Youssef Izz al-Din al-Samarrai
Youssef Izz al-Din Ahmad al-Samarrai (1922 – 8 April 2013) was an Iraqi poet and university professor. He was born and studied in the city of Baqubah. He worked as a primary teacher at the Primary Teacher's House, then joined the Faculty of Arts at Alexandria University where he obtained a BA in Arabic language and literature. Youssef Izz al-din has continued his studies there, receiving a master's degree, then a doctorate from the University of London. He was appointed as a teacher of modern Arabic literature at the College of Arts at the University of Baghdad. He was assigned to the iraqi scientific academy in 1961, then a general director of guidance at the ministry of culture. He was a member of the royal society of literature in London, and the scientific academy in Cairo, Damascus, Jordan, and Iraq. He has many poetry collections and a large number of books, studies and lectures that he delivered. He died in Britain.

Royal Society of Literature
The Royal Society of Literature (RSL) is a learned society founded in 1820 by King George IV to "reward literary merit and excite literary talent". A charity that represents the voice of literature in the UK, the RSL has about 800 Fellows, elected from among the best writers in any genre currently at work. Additionally, Honorary Fellows are chosen from those who have made a significant contribution to the advancement of literature, including publishers, agents, librarians, booksellers or producers. The society is a cultural tenant at London's Somerset House. The RSL is an independent charity and relies on the support of its Members, Patrons, Fellows and friends to continue its work.
Retail superannuation fund
In Australia, the term 'Retail superannuation fund' refers to a superannuation provider that is not an Industry superannuation fund, and so weren't established by a trade union as a method of managing worker retirement savings.

There are various providers of retail super funds in Australia. Australia's four major banks, historically provided superannuation as a component of wealth management services. In recent years however, some international players have entered the market including Vanguard.

Retail fund managers have lobbied for legislative changes that reduce a differential treatment between industry funds and retail funds. One reform that has been advocated for is the de-regulation of workplace default funds; such as by removing certain funds from being a default payment option under Australia's award system.

Not being established in the manner of industry funds, the boards of trustees for retail funds typically do not consist of trade union or employer representatives.

Modern award
A modern award (or award previously known as an "industrial award") is a ruling in Australian labour law of the national Fair Work Commission (or its predecessor) or by a state industrial relations commission which grants all wage earners in one industry or occupation the same minimum pay rates and conditions of employment such as leave entitlements, overtime and shift work, as well as other workplace-related conditions. The national awards, with the National Employment Standards, provide a minimum safety net of terms and conditions of employment for all national system employees. The pay rates are often called award wages or award rates. Awards in Australia are part of the system of compulsory arbitration in industrial relations.
Brympton d'Evercy
Brympton d'Evercy (alternatively Brympton House) is a Grade I listed manor house near Yeovil in the county of Somerset, England. The house has been called the most beautiful of its kind in England; in 1927, Christopher Hussey, near the start of a 50-year career as an architectural authority, termed it "the one which created the greatest impression and summarises so exquisitely English country life qualities." The house has belonged to six families since its construction: the D'Evercys, Stourtons, Sydenhams, Fanes, Weeks (1992–2008), and Glossops (since 2008).

Hinton St George
Hinton St George is a village and parish in Somerset, England, situated 3 miles (4.8 km) outside Crewkerne, 10 miles (16.1 km) south west of Yeovil.  The village has a population of 442.

It has a wide main street lined with hamstone cottages, some thatched.  The village has a thriving shop.  The village does not lie on a major road, and has a few holiday cottages and second homes.
Brendan Coogan
Brendan Coogan (born 17 July 1970) is a British television and radio presenter, from Middleton, Greater Manchester. In January 1999, Coogan briefly presented the BBC TV motoring programme Top Gear, following the departure of former host Jeremy Clarkson, but left after a few months, following a drink-driving conviction. Between 1999 and 2001, he was a presenter on BBC Radio 5 Live.

From 2003 to 2004, he was a regular face on Granada Television in north-west England. In 2004, he won a Royal Television Society award for Best Presenter. Two of his brothers are comedian Steve Coogan, and former singer of the Mock Turtles, Martin Coogan.

Since 2008, Coogan has been a regular presenter on BBC Radio Manchester, filling in on The Eamonn O'Neal and Jimmy Wagg Show. In April 2006, he became a presenter for the Sky One motoring show Vroom Vroom. He was the live commentator on Cirque de Celebrité on Sky One in 2006.

Cirque de Celebrité
Cirque de Celebrité is a celebrity reality television show broadcast on Sky One. The show features celebrities training for and then performing various circus acts. The winner of the series of 2006 was Grace Adams-Short.

A second series of Cirque de Celebrité broadcast in 2007, with Jenni Falconer replacing Ruby Wax as host and the live commentator was Peter Dickson. Big Brother winner Brian Dowling hosted a spin off show, Cirque: Backstage at the Big Top. The winner of the series of 2007 was Kyal Marsh.
HackerNest
HackerNest is a not-for-profit organization and global movement founded on January 11, 2011. The organization unites local technology communities around the world through community events and socially beneficial hackathons to further its mission of economic development through technological proliferation. It is Canada's largest, most prolific technology community with growing international reach.

Not-for-profit organization
A not-for-profit organisation (NFPO) is a legal entity that does not distribute surplus funds to its members and is formed to fulfill specific objectives.

While not-for-profit organizations and nonprofit organizations (NPO) are distinct legal entities, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. An NFPO must be differentiated from a NPO as they are not formed explicitly for the public good as an NPO must be, and NFPOs are considered "recreational organizations", meaning that they do not operate with the goal of generating revenue as opposed to NPOs.
The Inspector General (1949 film)
The Inspector General is a 1949 American Technicolor musical comedy film directed by Henry Koster and starring Danny Kaye, Walter Slezak, Barbara Bates, and Elsa Lanchester. Original music and lyrics are by the associate producer Sylvia Fine, who was married to Danny Kaye, with Johnny Green credited for musical direction and incidental score. The film is loosely based on Nikolai Gogol's play The Inspector General. The plot is re-located from the Russian Empire into an unspecified corrupt region of a European country that suddenly finds itself under the supervision of the First French Empire.

Johnny Green
John Waldo Green (October 10, 1908 – May 15, 1989) was an American songwriter, composer, musical arranger, conductor and pianist. He was given the nickname "Beulah" by colleague Conrad Salinger. His most famous song was one of his earliest, "Body and Soul" from the revue Three's a Crowd. Green won four Academy Awards for his film scores and a fifth for producing a short musical film, and he was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1972. He was also honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Iain MacLean (basketball)
Iain Maclean (born 1965) is a Scottish basketball coach. He was the head coach of the Scotland men's national basketball team and the Glasgow Storm club. He is also known for his time as a player for teams in both Scotland and Great Britain.
Maclean is also head coach of the Scotland Men's Universities basketball team which won the BUSA Home Nations Basketball title in April 2007.
Maclean played NCAA Division I college basketball at Northern Arizona University and played professionally with the former MIM Livingston team and the Scottish Rocks in the British Basketball League. He also coached the Scottish Rocks during the 2001–02 season after Greg Lockridge was fired.

Livingston (basketball)
Livingston was a professional basketball team that was based in Livingston, Scotland. The team was founded in 1977, under the name Edinburgh, by steel magnate David Murray, and was backed by a sponsorship from his company, Murray International Metals. Using the name Murray International or MIM Livingston, they went on to be one of the most successful clubs in Scottish basketball history, playing first in Edinburgh, and then later moving to Livingston.
Plasminogen activator
Plasminogen activators are serine proteases that catalyze the activation of plasmin via proteolytic cleavage of its zymogen form plasminogen. Plasmin is an important factor in fibrinolysis, the breakdown of fibrin polymers formed during blood clotting. There are two main plasminogen activators: urokinase (uPA) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Tissue plasminogen activators are used to treat medical conditions related to blood clotting including embolic or thrombotic stroke, myocardial infarction, and pulmonary embolism.

Plasminogen activators are inhibited by plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-2, and protein C inhibitor.

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) also known as endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor (serpin E1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SERPINE1 gene. Elevated PAI-1 is a risk factor for thrombosis and atherosclerosis.

PAI-1 is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) that functions as the principal inhibitor of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA), the activators of plasminogen and hence fibrinolysis (the physiological breakdown of blood clots). It is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) protein (SERPINE1).

The other PAI, plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2) is secreted by the placenta and only present in significant amounts during pregnancy. In addition, protease nexin acts as an inhibitor of tPA and urokinase. PAI-1, however, is the main inhibitor of the plasminogen activators.
Cheikh Al Kamel Mausoleum
The Shaykh al-Kamil Mausoleum (Arabic: ضريح الشيخ الكامل), romanized as Cheikh Al Kamel Mausoleum also known as the Mausoleum of al-Hadi ben Issa (ضريح الهادي بنعيسى) is a historic religious complex located in Meknes, Morocco.

It consists of a zawiya, mosque, and the mausoleum of Mohammed al-Hadi ben Issa the founder of the Isawiyya order of Sufism.

Isawiyya order
The Isawiyya order (Arabic: الطريقة العيساوية, romanized: al-Ṭarīqa al-ʿĪsāwiyya) also known as Aissawa, Issawa, Aissaoua, Issaoua (Arabic: عيساوة, romanized: ʿĪsāwā) is a Sufi religious order or tariqa founded in Meknes, Morocco, by Sheikh al-Kamil Mohamed al-Hadi ben Issa (or Aissa) (1465–1526).

It is known for its spiritual performances, which generally comprise group recitation of religious psalms, accompanied by the use of the oboe ghaita (similar to the mizmar or zurna) and polyrhythmic percussion.

Ceremonies, including symbolic dances to bring the participants to ecstatic trance, are held by the Aissawa in private during domestic ritual nights (lîla-s), and in public during celebrations of cultural festivals and pilgrimages, called moussem-s. Other occasions are religious festivities, such as the Eid holidays or mawlid, celebration of the birth of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
The Lakes Mental Health Hospital
The Lakes Mental Health Hospital is a mental health hospital on Turner Road, Colchester. The hospital has two impatient wards, Gosfield Ward (an all-male ward) and Ardleigh Ward (an all-female ward). It is run by Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust (EPUT).

Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust
Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust (EPUT) is an NHS foundation trust which provides community health, mental health and learning disability services to approximately 1.3 million people throughout Bedfordshire, Essex, Suffolk and Luton.
Ivan the Young
Ivan Ivanovich (Russian: Иван Иванович) or Ioann Ioannovich (Иоанн Иоаннович), also known as Ivan the Young (Russian: Иван Молодой, romanized: Ivan Molodoy; 15 February 1458 – 6 March 1490), was the eldest son and heir of Ivan III of Russia from his first marriage to Maria of Tver. In 1471, he was given the title of grand prince by his father and made co-ruler. In 1485, he was given Tver as an appanage.

Appanage
An appanage, or apanage (/ˈæpənɪdʒ/; French: apanage [apanaʒ] ⓘ), is the grant of an estate, title, office or other thing of value to a younger child of a monarch, who would otherwise have no inheritance under the system of primogeniture (where only the eldest inherits). It was common in much of Europe.

The system of appanage greatly influenced the territorial construction of France and the German states and explains why many of the former provinces of France had coats of arms which were modified versions of the king's arms.
Caundle Marsh
Caundle Marsh is a village and civil parish in northwest Dorset, England, situated in the Blackmore Vale, 4 miles (6.4 km) southeast of Sherborne. The parish includes the hamlet of Tut Hill and the Dorset County Council estimate that in 2013 the population of the parish was 70.

Sherborne
Sherborne is a market town and civil parish in north west Dorset, in South West England. It is sited on the River Yeo, on the edge of the Blackmore Vale, 6 miles (10 kilometres) east of Yeovil. The parish includes the hamlets of Nether Coombe and Lower Clatcombe. The A30 road, which connects London to Penzance, runs through the town. In the 2021 census the population of Sherborne was 10,361.

Sherborne's historic buildings include Sherborne Abbey, its manor house, independent schools, and two castles: the ruins of a 12th-century fortified palace and the 16th-century mansion known as Sherborne Castle built by Sir Walter Raleigh. Much of the old town, including much of the abbey and many medieval and Georgian buildings, is built from distinctive honey-brown coloured Sherborne Stone.

The town is served by Sherborne railway station.
White Oak High School (Texas)
White Oak High School is a public high school located in the city of White Oak, Texas, in Gregg County, United States and classified as a 3A school by the University Interscholastic League (UIL). It is a part of the White Oak Independent School District located in west central Gregg County. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

The school district includes most of White Oak and a portion of Clarksville City.

University Interscholastic League
The University Interscholastic League (UIL) is an organization that creates rules for and administers almost all athletic, musical, and academic contests for public primary and secondary schools in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the largest organization of its type in the world.

Activities range from American football and cross-examination debate to mathematics and marching band competitions; however, the UIL does not administer Academic Decathlon competitions.

The UIL is under the governance of the Vice President for Diversity and Community Engagement at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas. Although the Texas Education Agency governs the activities of schools and school districts in Texas, the UIL does not report to TEA, but is instead a separate entity.
Phyllonorycter harrisella
Phyllonorycter harrisella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found in all of Europe, except the Balkan Peninsula and the Mediterranean islands.

The wingspan is 7–9 mm. The forewings are shining white; three posterior costal and two dorsal dark fuscous strigulae, anteriorly more or less margined suffusedly with brownish-ochreous, apex brownish-ochreous, enclosing a round black apical dot; an ill-defined dark hook in apical cilia. Hindwings are light grey.

Adults are on wing in May and June and again in autumn.

The larvae feed on Quercus cerris, Quercus cerris austriaca, Quercus dalechampii, Quercus faginea, Quercus frainetto, Quercus macranthera, Quercus petraea, Quercus pontica, Quercus pubescens and Quercus robur. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Quercus frainetto
Quercus frainetto (synonyms Quercus conferta, Quercus farnetto), commonly known as the Hungarian oak, is a species of oak, native to southeastern Europe (parts of Italy, the Balkans, parts of Hungary, Romania) and Turkey. It is classified in Quercus sect. Quercus.
North European hypothesis
The North European hypothesis is a linguistic and archaeological theory that tries to explain the spread of the Indo-European languages in Europe and parts of Asia by locating the original homeland (Urheimat) in southern Scandinavia or in the North German Plain. This hypothesis, advanced by Karl Penka, Hermann Hirt, Gustaf Kossinna and others, had some success in the late 19th century and the early 20th century. However, given its association with Nazism, and even more decisively given the subsequent rise of the Kurgan hypothesis (developed out of the more general steppe hypothesis of the 19th century), it is now a fringe theory only supported by a minority of scholars, typically in a variant known as the Neolithic creolisation hypothesis.

Gustaf Kossinna
Gustaf Kossinna (28 September 1858 – 20 December 1931) was a German philologist and archaeologist who was Professor of German Archaeology at the University of Berlin.

Along with Carl Schuchhardt he was the most influential German prehistorian of his day, and was creator of the techniques of settlement archaeology (German: Siedlungsarchaeologie). His nationalistic theories about the origins of the Germanic peoples and Indo-Europeans influenced aspects of National Socialist ideology. Though politically discredited after World War II, Kossinna's methodological approach has greatly influenced archaeology up to the present day.

In the years following World War II, Kossinna's theories of settlement archaeology were widely dismissed as pseudoscience. Recent discoveries in archaeogenetics have prompted a renewed discussion of Kossinna's legacy and the significance of migration in prehistory.