hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Linda Trueb
Linda Trueb is an American professor of herpetology and systematics biology at the University of Kansas and a senior curator emerita at the university's Biodiversity Institute. She also acts as the associate director for the Institute's Administration and Research department.

Johns Hopkins University Press
Johns Hopkins University Press (also referred to as JHU Press or JHUP) is the publishing division of Johns Hopkins University. It was founded in 1878 and is the oldest continuously running university press in the United States. The press publishes books and journals, and operates other divisions including fulfillment and electronic databases. Its headquarters are in Charles Village section of Baltimore, Maryland.

In 2017, after the retirement of Kathleen Keane, who is credited with modernizing JHU Press for the digital age, the university appointed new director Barbara Pope.
Sigajang laleng lipa
Sigajang laleng lipa or sitobo laleng lipa (Lontara: ᨔᨗᨈᨚᨅᨚ ᨒᨒ ᨒᨗᨄ) is a dueling tradition originating from the Bugis people of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The name "sigajang laleng lipa" literally means "fighting inside a sarong" in the Buginese language. This tradition emerged as a way to resolve serious disputes or conflicts related to self-esteem. The two disputants would enter a sarong and fight using badik, a traditional Bugis weapon, until one or both were killed. The movements of Sigajang Laleng Lipa are usually performed accompanied by flutes and kendang for entertainment.

Today, with the expansion of law enforcement in Indonesia, the sigajang laleng lipa tradition to resolving disputes or conflict is becoming rarer and is now preserved as an artistic performance, without the use of dangerous items.

Buginese language
Buginese (/bʊɡɪˈniːz, -ɡə-/; Basa Ugi, Lontara script: ᨅᨔ ᨕᨘᨁᨗ, Jawi-Serang script: بهاس بوڬيس/ بَاسَ أُوْڬِيْ, pronounced [basa.uɡi]), or simply Bugis, is an Austronesian language spoken by about 4 million people, mainly in the southern part of Sulawesi, Indonesia. It is the mother tongue of the Buginese people.
1932 Australian Championships – Mixed doubles
Marjorie Crawford and Jack Crawford successfully defended their title by defeating Meryl O'Hara Wood and Jiro Sato 6–8, 8–6, 6–3 in the final, to win the mixed doubles tennis title at the 1932 Australian Championships.

This match was scheduled to be the sole Final for Friday, 12 February but – because of falling light – remain unfinished that day with the score at one set all. The deciding set was played the next day following on the Singles and before the Doubles finals.

Marjorie Cox Crawford
Marjorie Elizabeth Cox Crawford (1903–26 July 1983) was an Australian tennis player who reached at least the singles quarterfinals at the Australian Championships seven out of the nine times she played the event.  Her best result was a runner-up finish in 1931, losing to Coral McInnes Buttsworth in three sets.

Crawford teamed with Buttsworth in 1932 to win the women's doubles title at the Australian Championships.  Crawford was the runner-up in that event in 1926 (teaming with Daphne Akhurst Cozens) and 1930 (teaming with Sylvia Lance Harper).  She also partnered with Jack Crawford, a six-time winner of singles titles in Grand Slam tournaments and a member of the International Tennis Hall of Fame, to win the mixed doubles title at the Australian Championships in 1931, 1932, and 1933. They were the runners-up in 1929 and 1930. The couple married in Sydney on 28 February 1930.

Crawford died on 26 July 1983, in Sydney.
Blomstrandhamna Bird Sanctuary
Blomstrandhamna Bird Sanctuary (Norwegian: Blomstrandhamna fuglereservat) is a bird reserve at Svalbard, Norway, established in 1973. It includes the skerry in Blomstrandhamna in Haakon VII Land. The protected area covers a total of 580,000 square metres.

Square metre
The square metre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures) or square meter (American spelling) is the unit of area in the International System of Units (SI) with symbol m2. It is the area of a square with sides one metre in length.

Adding and subtracting SI prefixes creates multiples and submultiples; however, as the unit is exponentiated, the quantities grow exponentially by the corresponding power of 10. For example, 1 kilometre is 103 (one thousand) times the length of 1 metre, but 1 square kilometre is (103)2 (106, one million) times the area of 1 square metre, and 1 cubic kilometre is (103)3 (109, one billion) cubic metres.

Its inverse is the reciprocal square metre (m−2), often called "per square metre".
25th Reserve Division (German Empire)
The 25th Reserve Division (25. Reserve-Division) was a unit of the Imperial German Army, in World War I. The division was formed on mobilization of the German Army in August 1914 as part of XVIII Reserve Corps and was disbanded in October 1918, with its assets being distributed to other units. The division was raised in the Grand Duchy of Hesse and the Prussian Province of Hesse-Nassau, while its 83rd Reserve Infantry Regiment included troops from the Principality of Waldeck.

Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont
The County of Waldeck (later the Principality of Waldeck and Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire and its successors from the late 12th century until 1929. In 1349 the county gained Imperial immediacy and in 1712 was raised to the rank of principality. After the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 it was a constituent state of its successors: the Confederation of the Rhine, the German Confederation, the North German Confederation, and the German Empire. After the abolition of the monarchy in 1918, the renamed Free State of Waldeck-Pyrmont became a component of the Weimar Republic until divided between Hannover and other Prussian provinces in 1929. It comprised territories in present-day Hesse and Lower Saxony (Germany).
Slave Girls from Beyond Infinity
Slave Girls from Beyond Infinity is a 1987 sexploitation film that utilises the premise of the frequently-adapted 1924 short story "The Most Dangerous Game" by Richard Connell, setting it on an alien world and populating it with bikini-clad space prison escapees and weird space monsters. It was directed by Ken Dixon and stars Elizabeth Kaitan, Cindy Beal, Brinke Stevens, Don Scribner, and Carl Horner.

The film combines the typical themes of women in prison film with those of science fiction. The women's prison is depicted as a Soviet-style gulag. The film was the topic of a political controversy in 1992, when Senator Jesse Helms cited it as an example of indecent films that should not be broadcast by cable channels. Helms' attempt to introduce a new censorship standard for cable television was blocked by a 1996 decision of the United States Supreme Court.

Incarceration of women
Approximately 741,000 women are incarcerated in correctional facilities, a 17% increase since 2010 and the female prison population has been increasing across all continents. The list of countries by incarceration rate includes a main table with a column for the historical and current percentage of prisoners who are female.
Heinrich Engelhard (priest)
Heinrich Engelhard (fl. 1476–1551) was a Swiss canon, humanist, and supporter of the Reformation in Zürich. Of patrician origin from Zurich, he played a role in the city's religious transformation during the early 16th century through his support of Huldrych Zwingli and later Heinrich Bullinger.

Reformation in Zürich
The Reformation in Zürich was promoted initially by Huldrych Zwingli, who gained the support of the magistrates of the city of Zürich and the princess abbess Katharina von Zimmern of the Fraumünster Abbey, and the population of the city of Zürich and agriculture-oriented population of the present Canton of Zürich in the early 1520s. It led to significant changes in civil life and state matters in Zürich and spread to several other cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy, and thus initiated the Reformation in Switzerland.
Night Train to Surbiton
Night Train to Surbiton was a 1965 British television thriller mini-series aired on the BBC. Cast included Peter Jones, Nicholas Parsons, Eleanor Summerfield, and Christine Finn. All six episodes are missing, believed lost.

Eleanor Summerfield
Eleanor Audrey Summerfield (7 March 1921 – 13 July 2001) was an English actress who appeared in many plays, films and television series. She is known for her roles in Laughter in Paradise (1951), Final Appointment (1954), Odongo (1956), Dentist in the Chair (1960), On the Fiddle (1961), The Running Man (1963) and Some Will, Some Won't (1970).
May 2003 Montenegrin presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Montenegro on 11 May 2003. They were the third such elections in six months, as those held in December 2002 and February 2003 had been declared invalid due to voter turnouts of less than 50%. For the May election, the turnout rule was abolished. The result was a victory for Filip Vujanović, who was nominated by the Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro and Social Democratic Party of Montenegro, who received 64.2% of the vote. Vujanović had also won both previous votes by a large margin. The elections were boycotted by the opposition Together for Change coalition.

Together for Change
Together for Change (Serbian: Заједно за Промјене, ЗЗП, Zajedno za Promjene, ZZP) was a populist political alliance in Montenegro that existed from 2001 to 2006, originally known as Together for Yugoslavia (ЗЗЈ, ZZJ). It based itself upon the necessity for a united Yugoslav state with Serbia. Predrag Bulatović was its wingleader. The pro-European semi-conservative coalition also based itself on economic and democratic reforms, bringing down of the authoritarian regime of Prime Minister Milo Đukanović and his Democratic Party of Socialists.
Ken McKnight
Kenneth James McKnight (born 8 April 1964) is a New Zealand former cricketer. He played eight first-class matches for Otago between the 1987–88 and 1991–92 seasons.

McKnight was born at Ranfurly in Central Otago in 1964, the son of Stewart McKnight, a farmer who had played seven times for Otago and represented New Zealand at curling. Ken McKnight was educated at Otago Boys' High School in Dunedin and played age-group cricket for Otago in the 1982–83 season before making his Hawke Cup debut for Central Otago the following season.

McKnight's highest first-class score was 56 not out against Central Districts in 1988-89, when he helped Otago save the match after they followed on 231 runs behind. Later he captained Central Otago to their only Hawke Cup title when they defeated Taranaki in January 1996. He now lives in Queensland.

Central Districts cricket team
The Central Stags, formerly known as Central Districts, are a first-class cricket team based in central New Zealand. They are the men's representative side of the Central Districts Cricket Association. They compete in the Plunket Shield first-class competition, The Ford Trophy domestic one-day competition and the Men's Super Smash Twenty20 competition. They are one of six teams that make up New Zealand Cricket. They were the fifth of the current teams to compete in the Plunket Shield which they entered for the first time in the 1950/51 season, and are the only men's first-class side representing regions in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand.
Yakumaru Jigen-ryū
Yakumaru Jigen-ryū (薬丸自顕流) is a traditional school (koryū) of Japanese swordsmanship founded in the 17th century by Satsuma retainer Yakumaru Kenchin as a branch of high-speed Jigen-ryū. It integrates the Yakumaru family's nodachi techniques into Jigen-ryū.

Originally called Nodachi Jigen-ryū (野太刀自顕流), the name of the school was changed in the 19th century.

Ōdachi
An ōdachi (大太刀, large/great sword) or nodachi (野太刀, field sword) is a type of traditionally made Japanese sword (日本刀, nihontō) used by the samurai class of feudal Japan. The Chinese equivalent of this type of sword in terms of weight and length is the miaodao or the earlier zhanmadao, and the Western battlefield equivalent (though less similar) is the Zweihänder.

To qualify as an ōdachi, the sword in question would have a blade length of around 3 shaku (90.9 cm (35.8 in)). However, as with most terms in Japanese sword arts, there is no exact definition of the size of an ōdachi.
Zone Point
Zone Point (Cornish: Sawan Hir, meaning long chasm) is the southernmost extremity of the Roseland peninsula extending into Falmouth Bay near St Mawes in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom at grid reference SW8430.

It is approximately 500 metres (550 yards) east-southeast of the St. Anthony's Lighthouse on St Anthony Head. The cliffs make the beach between Zone Point and St Anthony Head inaccessible from land and the small bay is the site of many Atlantic grey seal sightings; Atlantic grey seal pups can be seen on this beach from the headland and the sea.

The top of Zone Point is pasture with scrubby slopes. The South West Coast Path marks the transition between the two ecotypes.

The origin of the name Zone Point first appears in the 1597 map of the River Fal by Baptista Boazio as Savenheer, or the long coved point.

St Anthony's Lighthouse
St Anthony's Lighthouse is the lighthouse at St Anthony Head, on the eastern side of the entrance to Falmouth harbour, Cornwall, UK. The harbour is also known as Carrick Roads and is one of the largest natural harbours in the world.
Polysaccharide A
Polysaccharide A (PSA) is a polysaccharide produced by the  Gram-negative bacterium Bacteroides fragilis. B.fragilis produces eight identified distinct capsular polysaccharides, identified by the letters "A" through "H".

PSA interacts with Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) on dendritic cells. PSA colonization of B. fragilis in the gut mucosa induces regulatory T cells and suppresses pro-inflammatory T helper 17 cells. PSA has been shown to protect animals from experimental diseases like colitis, asthma, or pulmonary inflammation. Nonetheless, PSA can be pro-inflammatory as well as anti-inflammatory.

PSA has been studied extensively in the spleen and gastrointestinal tract, but PSA uses regulatory T cells to reduce inflammation in the central nervous system.

Mucous membrane
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs. It consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells overlying a layer of loose connective tissue known as the lamina propria. It is mostly of endodermal origin and is continuous with the skin at body openings such as the eyes, eyelids, ears, inside the nose, inside the mouth, lips, the genital areas, the urethral opening and the anus. Some mucous membranes secrete mucus, a thick protective fluid. The function of the membrane is to stop pathogens and dirt from entering the body and to prevent bodily tissues from becoming dehydrated.

Amphibians, fish, snails, slugs, and some other invertebrates also produce external mucus from their epidermis as protection against pathogens, to help in movement, and to line fish gills. Plants produce a similar substance called mucilage that is also produced by some microorganisms.
8th federal electoral district of Veracruz
The 8th federal electoral district of Veracruz (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 08 de Veracruz) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 19 such districts in the state of Veracruz.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the third region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Jorge Alberto Mier Acolt of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).

Tonayán
Tonayán is a municipality located in the south zone in the Mexican state of Veracruz, about 20 km from the state capital Xalapa. It has a surface of 74.03 km2. It is located at 19°43′12″N 96°54′36″W﻿ / ﻿19.72000°N 96.91000°W﻿ / 19.72000; -96.91000.
HD 170873
HD 170873, also known as HR 6954 or rarely 19 G. Telescopii, is a solitary orange-hued star located in the southern constellation Telescopium. It has an apparent magnitude of 6.20, placing it near the limit for naked eye visibility. Gaia DR3 parallax measurements imply a distance of 551 light years and it is currently receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 23.8 km/s. At its current distance, HD 170873's brightness is diminished by 0.39 magnitudes due to interstellar dust, and it has an absolute magnitude of −0.31.

HD 170873 is an evolved red giant with a stellar classification of K2 III. It has 3.2 times the mass of the Sun but at the age of 318 million years, it has expanded to 22.6 times the Sun's radius. It radiates 170 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,473 K. It has a near-solar metallicity at [Fe/H] = −0.01 and spins too slowly for its projected rotational velocity to be measured accurately.

Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface.

The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also undergo differential rotation. Thus the equator of the star can rotate at a different angular velocity than the higher latitudes. These differences in the rate of rotation within a star may have a significant role in the generation of a stellar magnetic field.

In its turn, the magnetic field of a star interacts with the stellar wind. As the wind moves away from the star its angular speed decreases. The magnetic field of the star interacts with the wind, which applies a drag to the stellar rotation. As a result, angular momentum is transferred from the star to the wind, and over time this gradually slows the star's rate of rotation.
David Gibbs (politician)
David Gibbs (May 28, 1936 – January 13, 2013) was an American politician.

Born in West Point, Mississippi, Gibbs served in the Mississippi House of Representatives, as a Democrat, representing District 36 which covers parts of Clay, Lowndes, and Monroe counties, from 1992 until his death. Gibbs is a former chairman of the House County Affairs Committee. He resigned from office just a week before his death from cancer at Northeast Mississippi Medical Center in Tupelo, Mississippi.

Gibbs was a loan broker and consultant. He went to Faulkner University, Mississippi State University, and Kentucky State University. He served on the Clay County, Mississippi county board of supervisors.  He was also a member of the State Democratic Executive Committee in Mississippi.

Kentucky State University
Kentucky State University (KSU, and KYSU) is a public historically black land-grant university in Frankfort, Kentucky, United States. Founded in 1886 as the State Normal School for Colored Persons, and becoming a land-grant college in 1890, KSU is the second-oldest state-supported institution of higher learning in Kentucky.
Ruth Harris (scientist)
Ruth Harris is a scientist at the United States Geological Survey known for her research on large earthquakes, especially on how they begin, end, and cause the ground to shake. In 2019, Harris was elected a fellow of the American Geophysical Union who cited her "for outstanding contributions to earthquake rupture dynamics, stress transfer, and triggering".

American Geophysical Union
The American Geophysical Union (AGU) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization of Earth, atmospheric, ocean, hydrologic, space, and planetary scientists and enthusiasts that according to their website includes 130,000 people (not members). AGU's activities are focused on the organization and dissemination of scientific information in the interdisciplinary and international fields within the Earth and space sciences. The geophysical sciences involve four fundamental areas: atmospheric and ocean sciences; solid-Earth sciences; hydrologic sciences; and space sciences. The organization's headquarters is located on Florida Avenue in Washington, D.C.
2026 Broxbourne Borough Council election
The 2026 Broxbourne Borough Council election will be held on 7 May 2026 to elect members to Broxbourne Borough Council. It will be held on the same day as other local elections. The election will be the last election held in Broxbourne before local government reorganisation.

Borough of Broxbourne
The Borough of Broxbourne is a local government district with borough status in Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in Cheshunt. Other settlements in the borough include Broxbourne, Hoddesdon and Waltham Cross. The eastern boundary of the district is the River Lea. The borough covers 20 square miles (52 km2) in south east Hertfordshire, and had an estimated population of 99,000 in 2021.

Much of the borough lies within the Metropolitan Green Belt which surrounds London. The western side of the borough is largely rural with extensive areas of woodland, whilst the eastern part, particularly between the A10 road and the River Lea, is generally urban. Most of the built-up parts of Broxbourne fall within the Greater London Urban Area. The Lee Valley Park lies on the borough's eastern boundary.

The borough is twinned with the Sicilian city of Sutera.
Sullenger
Sullenger is a surname, being an Americanized form of the German surname Solinger. Notable people with the surname include:

Bruce A. Sullenger, American physician

Cheryl Sullenger (born 1955), American anti-abortion activist and felon

Jacob Sullenger (born 1995), better known as Jawny, American singer, songwriter, and producer

Jawny
Jacob Lee-Nicholas Sullenger (born December 23, 1995), known professionally as Jawny (stylized in all caps; formerly Johnny Utah), is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer. He first received recognition after the release of his 2019 single "Honeypie" and was signed to Interscope Records in January 2020. He made his major-label debut with the mixtape For Abby.
Chris Taylor (music producer)
Chris Taylor (born May 22, 1962), also known by his monikers The Glove, DJ Glove, and ChrisGlove, is best known as a DJ and producer on the West Coast hip hop scene in the 1980s and 1990s. Taylor is known for his appearance in the film Breakin' alongside Ice-T. Taylor is credited on "Phone Tap" (The Firm) as producer. Other production credits include "Reckless" (Ice T & Dave Storrs), "Tebitan Jam" (Chris "the Glove" Taylor), "Go Off" (Ice T & Dave Storrs), and "Itchiban Scratch" (Chris "the Glove" Taylor). Taylor produced "Stranded on Death Row" and "Doggy Dogg World" on the genre-defining albums The Chronic and Doggystyle, and also claims to have written/produced the tracks for "Xxplosive" (Dr. Dre) and "Hello" (NWA), though uncredited. Other sources name Taylor as an engineer, mixer and musician on The Chronic.

West Coast hip-hop
West Coast hip-hop is a regional genre of hip-hop music that encompasses any artists or music that originated in the West Coast of the United States. West Coast hip-hop began to dominate from a radio play and sales standpoint during the early to-mid 1990s with the birth of G-funk and the emergence of record labels such as Suge Knight and Dr. Dre's Death Row Records, Ice Cube's Lench Mob Records, the continued success of Eazy-E's Ruthless Records, Dr. Dre's Aftermath Entertainment, and many others. Though the term "West Coast hip hop" may also be used to describe Northwest hip-hop and other movements from the Western U.S., it is primarily associated with the state of California, especially Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay Area.