hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jardin botanique de Nice
The Jardin botanique de la Ville de Nice (3.5 hectares), also known as the Jardin botanique de Nice, is a municipal botanical garden located at 78 avenue de la Corniche Fleurie, Nice, Alpes-Maritimes, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France. It is open daily without charge.

Astragalus (plant)
Astragalus is a large genus of over 3,000 species of herbs and small shrubs, belonging to the legume family Fabaceae and the subfamily Faboideae. It is the largest genus of plants in terms of described species. The genus is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Common names include milkvetch (most species), locoweed (in North America, some species) and goat's-thorn (A. gummifer, A. tragacantha). Some pale-flowered vetches (Vicia spp.) are similar in appearance, but they are more vine-like than Astragalus.
Ideal quotient
In abstract algebra, if  and  are ideals of a commutative ring , their ideal quotient  is the set

Then  is itself an ideal in . The ideal quotient is viewed as a quotient because  if and only if . The ideal quotient is useful for calculating primary decompositions. It also arises in the description of the set difference in algebraic geometry (see below).

is sometimes referred to as a colon ideal because of the notation. In the context of fractional ideals, there is a related notion of the inverse of a fractional ideal.

Commutative ring
In mathematics, a commutative ring is a ring in which the multiplication operation is commutative. The study of commutative rings is called commutative algebra. Complementarily, noncommutative algebra is the study of ring properties that are not specific to commutative rings. This distinction results from the high number of fundamental properties of commutative rings that do not extend to noncommutative rings.

Commutative rings appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ Euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields
Khirbet Shema
Khirbet Shema is an archaeological site located in Israel at the foot of Mount Meron. It features the ruins of a large Jewish village of the Roman and Byzantine periods, including the remains of an ancient synagogue and a mausoleum. It may be identified with the ancient Teqoa of Galilee.

Mount Meron
Mount Meron (Hebrew: הַר מֵירוֹן, romanized: Har Merón; named after the former village of Meiron), also known as Mount Jarmaq or Jebel Jarmaq (Arabic: جبل الجرمق, romanized: Jabal al-Jarmaq; named after the former village of Jarmaq), is a mountain in the Upper Galilee region of Israel.  It has special significance in Jewish religious tradition and parts of it have been declared a nature reserve. At 1,204 metres (3,950 ft) above sea level, Mount Meron is the highest peak in Israel within the Green Line. The mountain is a major motif in the art of the artists' quarter of Safed.
Rania Sansur
Rania Verena Sansur Osorio (Arabic: رانيا فيرينا صنصور أوسوريو; born 24 April 2006) is a professional footballer who plays as a forward for Chilean club Palestino. Born in Chile, she plays for the Palestine national team.

Palestine women's national under-20 football team
The Palestine women's national under-20 football team, colloquially known as "The Redeemers" (Arabic: الفدائيات), is the official national team that represents Palestine in football for young women. The team is controlled by the Palestinian Football Association. It is sometimes referred to as the under-19 or under-18 national team.

While team has never qualified for the FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup or the AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup, it has won the WAFF U-20 Girls Championship in 2025.
Japanese destroyer Makigumo
Three naval vessels of Japan have been named Makigumo (巻雲), meaning "Cirrus Clouds" (Rolling Clouds).

Japanese destroyer Makigumo (1905) was a Shikinami-class destroyer in the Imperial Japanese Navy. Originally, she was a Kazarsky-class torpedo cruiser Vsadnik of the Imperial Russian Navy.

Japanese destroyer Makigumo (1941) was a Yūgumo-class destroyer in the Imperial Japanese Navy. She was completed in 1942, scuttled in 1943, and struck in 1943.

JDS Makigumo (DD-114) was a Yamagumo-class destroyer in the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force. She was launched in 1967 and decommissioned in 1995.

Yamagumo-class destroyer
The Yamagumo class are vessels of the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force, usually classified as a destroyer, but due to their relatively light displacement, in other sources as a destroyer escort. This class is the successor of the Akizuki class.

This class was planned to become the new generation workhorse of the fleet of the JMSDF. In support of this objective, it was equipped with some new generation weapon and sensor systems such as the ASROC anti-submarine rocket and the OPS-11 early warning radar (Japanese equivalent of the American AN/SPS-40 radar).

The Minegumo-class destroyer derived from this class as the new DASH equipped version, but after the QH-50D DASH was scrapped, the JMSDF decided on resuming the construction of this class. The latter batch sometimes called as the Aokumo class, and there are some improvements, mainly in their electronics such as the OQS-3 hull-sonar (Japanese variant of the American AN/SQS-23) and the AN/SQS-35 variable depth sonar system.
Idempotent matrix
In linear algebra, an idempotent matrix is a matrix which, when multiplied by itself, yields itself. That is, the matrix  is idempotent if and only if . For this product  to be defined,  must necessarily be a square matrix. Viewed this way, idempotent matrices are idempotent elements of matrix rings.

Matrix ring
In abstract algebra, a matrix ring is a set of matrices with entries in a ring R that form a ring under matrix addition and matrix multiplication. The set of all n × n matrices with entries in R is a matrix ring denoted Mn(R) (alternative notations: Matn(R) and Rn×n).  Some sets of infinite matrices form infinite matrix rings.  A subring of a matrix ring is again a matrix ring.  Over a rng, one can form matrix rngs.

When R is a commutative ring, the matrix ring Mn(R) is an associative algebra over R, and may be called a matrix algebra.  In this setting, if M is a matrix and r is in R, then the matrix rM is the matrix M with each of its entries multiplied by r.
Community Resources Against Street Hoodlums
The Community Resources Against Street Hoodlums (CRASH) was a specialized gang intelligence unit of the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) tasked with combating gang-related crime between 1979 and 2000. The unit was established in the South Central district of Los Angeles, California, United States, to combat rising gang violence during the period. Each of the LAPD's 18 divisions had a CRASH unit assigned to it, whose primary goal was to suppress gang-related crimes in the city, which came about primarily from the increase in illegal drug trade.

CRASH was subject of the Rampart scandal from 1997, which exposed widespread police corruption within the unit assigned to the LAPD's Rampart Division, including involvement in murders, extortion, police brutality, evidence planting, and participating in gang activity. CRASH was disbanded in 2000 and was replaced by the LAPD Gang and Narcotics Division.

Police corruption
Police corruption is a form of police misconduct in which a law enforcement officer breaks their political contract and abuses their power for personal gain. Such a police officer is often referred to as a dirty cop. A corrupt officer may act alone or as part of a group. Corrupt acts include taking bribes, stealing from victims or suspects, and manipulating evidence to affect the outcome of legal proceedings (such as in a frameup). Police corruption challenges the human rights of citizens, and can undermine public trust in the police when uncovered or suspected.
Vazovo
Vazovo (Bulgarian: Вазово, formerly Ески Балабанлар, Turkish: Eski Balabanlar) is a village in northeastern Bulgaria, part of the Isperih Municipality of Razgrad Province, located in the central part of the Ludogorie region. Vazovo has an area of 20.843 km2. The closest villages to Vazovo are Sveshtari to the south and Raynino to the north. In the period 1913-1916 and again between 1919 and 1940, when Southern Dobrudzha was under Romanian control, the Bulgarian-Romanian border passed just north of the village. In 1934 the village was renamed Vazovo, after the Bulgarian writer Ivan Vazov.
Vazovo “Eski Balabanlar” has been a Turkish settlement since early 14th century, most who migrated to Turkey in between 1900 and 1989.

Isperih Municipality
Isperih Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Исперих) is a municipality (obshtina) in Razgrad Province, Northeastern Bulgaria, located in the Ludogorie geographical region part of the Danubian Plain. It is named after its administrative centre - the town of Isperih.

The municipality has a territory of 402 km2 (155 sq mi). As of December 2024, it had a population of 18,701.

The area is best known with the 3rd century BC Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari near the village of the same name, and the state-owned Voden hunting reserve, renowned for one of the strongest populations of red deer in the world.
Huis River Pass
The Huis River Pass is a mountain pass in Western Cape, South Africa, between Calitzdorp to the east and the old missionary stations of Zoar and Amaliënstein to the west. The pass peaks at 655 m above sea level and has a maximum gradient of 1:14. It crosses the R62 provincial road over the Huis River Mountains, a spur of the Swartberg. The name huis comes from the Khoikhoi word for "willow."

Amaliënstein
Amaliënstein is a former mission station of the Berlin Missionary Society, 22 km east of Ladismith, on the road to Calitzdorp. Named after Amalie von Stein, benefactress of German missions. The church complex was completed in 1853.
1999 World Rally Championship
The 1999 World Rally Championship was the 27th season of the FIA World Rally Championship. The season consisted of 14 rallies. Tommi Mäkinen won his fourth drivers' world championship driving for Mitsubishi, ahead of Richard Burns and Didier Auriol. The manufacturers' title was won by Toyota, ahead of Subaru and Mitsubishi.

In an upset predicted two years earlier a two-wheel-drive car won a rally for the first time since Alain Oreille won the 1989 Rallye Côte d'Ivoire in his Renault 5 when Philippe Bugalski took his Citroën Xsara Kit Car to victory in the Rally Catalunya. Bugalski backed it up three weeks later winning the Tour de Corse. With such specialised tarmac cars now beating WRC cars while at the same time not competing in the FIA 2-Litre World Rally Cup designed for them a revamp of two-wheel-drive regulations was created for the 2000 season.

Didier Auriol
Didier Auriol (born 18 August 1958) is a French former rally driver. Born in Montpellier and initially an ambulance driver, he competed in the World Rally Championship throughout the 1990s. He became World Rally Champion in 1994, the first driver from his country to do so. He was a factory candidate for Lancia, Toyota and Peugeot among others, before losing his seat at Škoda at the end of 2003. His sister Nadine was also involved in rallying as a co-driver, while his brother Gerrard was also a former rally driver.
Marvin Gaye's Greatest Hits
Marvin Gaye's Greatest Hits is a compilation album released by American R&B/soul singer and Motown legend Marvin Gaye, released on the Motown label in 1976 on LP and 1987 on CD. 
The hits collection, with the exception of Gaye's signature 1960s hits "Can I Get a Witness", "How Sweet It Is (To Be Loved By You)" and "I Heard It Through the Grapevine", was a review of Gaye's signature 1970s hits including the socially conscious anthems "What's Going On" and "Mercy Mercy Me (The Ecology)", erotically focused material like "Let's Get It On", "I Want You" and "After the Dance", his bluesy and funky autobiographical "Trouble Man" and the live version of his quiet storm classic, "Distant Lover". The album has received a Gold as well as a Platinum Certification by the RIAA in 1993.

How Sweet It Is (to Be Loved by You)
"How Sweet It Is (to Be Loved by You)" is a song by the American soul singer Marvin Gaye. Motown issued the song as a single on its Tamla label in November 1964, and in January 1965 it appeared as the title track of Gaye's fifth studio album. The song was written in 1964 by the Motown songwriting team of Holland–Dozier–Holland, and produced by Brian Holland and Lamont Dozier.
Jefferson Performing Arts Center (Louisiana)
The Jefferson Performing Arts Center is a 1,041-seat live event venue located in Jefferson Parish in Metairie, Louisiana. The venue was designed to host grand operas, musicals, symphonies, choral concerts, ballet and private or corporate events. The venue is currently managed by the Jefferson Performing Arts Society.

The $54.5 million performing arts center features an acoustically designed interior, a 51-ft. proscenium arch stage with a mechanical orchestra lift, a theatrical fly rigging system, four star-dressing rooms and six ensemble-dressing rooms. The theater inside the arts center is named after former Louisiana State Senator Ken Hollis, who helped secure funding for the theater.

Metairie, Louisiana
Metairie (/ˈmɛtəri/ MET-ər-ee) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, United States, and is part of the New Orleans metropolitan area. With a population of 143,507 in 2020, Metairie is the largest community in Jefferson Parish, the fifth-largest CDP in the United States, and the largest outside Clark County, Nevada. It is an unincorporated area that (as of 2020) would have been Louisiana's fourth-largest city behind Shreveport if incorporated.
Cap de la Hague
Cap de la Hague (French pronunciation: [kap də la aɡ]) is a cape at the tip of the Cotentin peninsula in Normandy, France.

The La Hague area has precambrian granite and gneiss cliffs, several coves and small fields surrounded by hedges. France's oldest rocks are to be found on its coast in Jobourg. Other rocky outcroppings on the coast include Cadomian granite in Auderville and Variscan granite in Flamanville.

The La Hague cape consists of two promontories about half a mile apart. The cape itself, which has the lighthouse and a lifeboat station, is very low-lying.

The dialect of the Norman language spoken by a minority in the region is called Haguais. The Norman poet Côtis-Capel was a native of the region and used the landscape as inspiration for his poetry. The painter Jean-François Millet was also a native of the region.

The La Hague site, the largest light water reactor nuclear waste reprocessing plant on earth (over half of the world's capacity), is located in the region.

Norman language
Norman or Norman French (Normaund, French: Normand [nɔʁmɑ̃] ⓘ, Guernésiais: Normand, Jèrriais: Nouormand) is a langue d'oïl spoken in the historical and cultural region of Normandy.

The name "Norman French" is sometimes also used to describe the administrative languages of Anglo-Norman and Law French used in England. For the most part, the written forms of Norman and modern French are mutually intelligible. The thirteenth-century philosopher Roger Bacon was the first to distinguish it along with other dialects such as Picard and Bourguignon.

Today, although it does not enjoy any official status outside of Jersey, some reports of the French Ministry of Culture have recognized it as one of the regional languages of France.
Rüdiger Klein
Rüdiger Klein (born March 24, 1958, in Nickenich) is a German neurobiologist. He is director at the Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence (formerly Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology) and head of the department Molecules - Signaling - Development.

Rüdiger Klein studied biology at the universities of Marburg and Tübingen and at the Juniata College (USA). He gained his PhD at the University of Tübingen and worked as a post-doctoral researcher at the National Cancer Institute at Frederick (NCI-Frederick) (USA) and at the Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute (USA). Afterwards, he led a junior research group at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) in Heidelberg. In 2001, he was appointed director at the Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology.

Neuroscientist
A neuroscientist (or neurobiologist) is a scientist specializing in neuroscience that deals with the anatomy and function of neurons, neural circuits, and glia, and their behavioral, biological, and psychological roles in health and disease.

Neuroscientists generally work as researchers within a college, university, government agency, or private industry setting. In research-oriented careers, neuroscientists design and conduct scientific experiments on the nervous system and its functions. They can engage in basic or applied research. Basic research seeks to expand current understanding of the nervous system, whereas applied research seeks to address a specific problem, such as developing a treatment for a neurological disorder.

Neuroscientists have numerous career opportunities outside of academic research, including careers in industry, science writing, government program management, science advocacy, and education. A neuroscientist commonly holds a doctorate in a medical science.
Francis Martin (biblical scholar)
Francis Martin (October 20, 1930 – August 11, 2017) was an American Catholic priest of the Archdiocese of Washington, and a professor of Sacred Scripture. His teaching appointments included the Dominican House of Studies, the John Paul II Institute, the Catholic University of America, and Sacred Heart Major Seminary. Martin was an advisor to Cardinal Leo Joseph Suenens during the Second Vatican Council.

Dominican House of Studies
The Dominican House of Studies is a Catholic institution in Washington, DC, housing both the Priory of the Immaculate Conception, a community of the Province of St. Joseph of the Order of Preachers (Dominicans), and the Pontifical Faculty of the Immaculate Conception, an ecclesiastical faculty of theology.

The house is dedicated to the theological formation of Dominican friars and the service of the church in the Archdiocese of Washington. It serves as a formation community for Dominican candidates for holy orders and the Dominican cooperator brotherhood. It is also the location of the Thomistic Institute and the academic journal The Thomist.
Adoration of the Shepherds (Parmigianino)
Adoration of the Shepherds is an oil on panel painting by Parmigianino, executed c. 1521–1522, now in a private collection. The work was rediscovered by Gould in 1992 and a year later was exhibited at the Kunsthaus Zürich. Like Nativity (Courtauld Gallery), it was identified as a work of the artist's youth, whilst he was still strongly influenced by Correggio, an influence which only faded after 1524.

A preparatory drawing for the Madonna, angels and Joseph survives in a London private collection and was exhibited in Washington and Parma, also showing the influence of Correggio, whilst the two rams and a lamb in the bottom left may be a tribute to the bucranium in that painter's Camera di San Paolo. Another drawing in the Cleveland Museum of Art (inv. 24–10003) may be a first idea for the composition, later elaborated.

Cleveland Museum of Art
The Cleveland Museum of Art (CMA) is an art museum in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Located in the Wade Park District of University Circle, the museum is internationally renowned for its substantial holdings of Asian and Egyptian art and houses a diverse permanent collection of more than 61,000 works of art from around the world. The museum provides free general admission to the public. With a $920 million endowment as of 2023, it is the fourth-wealthiest art museum in the United States. With about 770,000 visitors annually as of 2018, it is one of the most visited art museums in the world.
Shooting at the 2011 Pan American Games – Men's skeet
The men's skeet shooting event at the 2011 Pan American Games was on October 21 and 22 at the Jalisco Hunting Club in Guadalajara. The defending Pan American Games champion is Vincent Hancock of the United States.

The event consisted of two rounds: a qualifier and a final. In the qualifier, each shooter fired 5 sets of 25 shots in skeet shooting.

The top 6 shooters in the qualifying round moved on to the final round. There, they fired one additional round of 25. The total score from all 150 shots was used to determine final ranking. Ties are broken using a shoot-off; additional shots are fired one pair at a time until there is no longer a tie.

Skeet shooting
Skeet shooting is a recreational and competitive activity whose participants use shotguns to attempt to break clay targets which two fixed stations mechanically fling into the air at high speed and at a variety of angles.

Skeet is one of the three major disciplines of competitive clay shooting—alongside trap shooting and sporting clays. There are several types of skeet, including one with  Olympic status (often called "Olympic skeet" or "international skeet"), and many with only national recognition.
John Gosling (cricketer, born 1921)
John William Gosling (1921 – 1994 ) was a Fijian cricketer. A right arm medium pace bowler, he played one first-class match for the Fiji national cricket team, against Canterbury in March 1948. Eight years later, he was a key part of the Fijian team that gained an upset 28 run win over the Test-playing West Indians, taking six wickets, including that of Garfield Sobers.

Canterbury cricket team
Canterbury is a first-class cricket team based in Canterbury, New Zealand. It is one of six teams that compete in senior New Zealand Cricket competitions and has been the second most successful domestic team in New Zealand history. They compete in the Plunket Shield first-class competition and The Ford Trophy one day competition as well as in the Men's Super Smash competition as the Canterbury Kings.
Fort St. Philip
Fort St. Philip is a historic masonry fort located on the eastern bank of the Mississippi River, about 40 miles (64 km) upriver from its mouth in Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana, just opposite Fort Jackson on the other side of the river. It formerly served as military protection of New Orleans, some 80 miles (130 km) up the river, and of the lower Mississippi River.

Lower Mississippi River
The Lower Mississippi River is the portion of the Mississippi River downstream of Cairo, Illinois.  From the confluence of the Ohio River and the Middle Mississippi River at Cairo, the Lower flows just under 1000 miles (1600 km) to the Gulf of Mexico.  It is the most heavily travelled component of the Mississippi River System.
Luck of Roaring Camp (film)
Luck of Roaring Camp is a 1937 American western film directed by Irvin Willat and starring Owen Davis, Charles Brokaw and Joan Woodbury. It is based on the 1868 story The Luck of Roaring Camp by Bret Harte. It was shot at the Iverson Ranch in California.

Irvin Willat
Irvin V. Willat (November 18, 1890 – April 17, 1976) was an American film director of the silent film era. He directed 39 films between 1917 and 1937. Early in his career Willat worked as a cinematographer on several films. His older brother Edwin Willat (1882–1950) was cinematographer on several silent films.