hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sir Thomas Samwell, 1st Baronet
Sir Thomas Samwell, 1st Baronet (c. 1654 – 23 February 1694) was a Member of Parliament for Northamptonshire from 1689 to 1690 and for Northampton from 1690 to 1694. His great-grandfather was Sir William Samwell (1559–1628), Auditor of the Exchequer to Queen Elizabeth I of England.

Northampton (UK Parliament constituency)
Northampton was a parliamentary constituency (centred on the town of Northampton), which existed until 1974.

It returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of England until 1707, the House of Commons of Great Britain until 1800 and to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until its representation was reduced to one member for the 1918 general election.  The constituency was abolished for the February 1974 general election, when it was replaced by the new constituencies of Northampton North and Northampton South.

A former MP of note for the constituency was Spencer Perceval, the only British Prime Minister to be assassinated.
Sclerospora graminicola
Sclerospora graminicola is a plant pathogen infecting maize and foxtail and pearl millet. Sclerospora graminicola was originally described by Saccardo in 1879 as Protomyces graminicola from infected Setaria verticillata. Schroeter examined infected Setaria viridis and determined that this species should be placed in a new genus that he named Sclerospora.  Sclerospora graminicola primarily infects C4 photosynthetic grasses of the subfamily Panicoideae, possibly due to C4 photosynthesis allowing for a greater complexity of carbohydrate substrates.

Pearl millet
Pearl millet (Cenchrus americanus, commonly known as the synonym Pennisetum  glaucum) is the most widely grown type of millet. It has been grown in Africa and the Indian subcontinent since prehistoric times. The center of diversity and suggested area of domestication for the crop is in the Sahel zone of West Africa.
Léonel Beaudoin
Léonel Beaudoin (September 13, 1924 – July 28, 2021) was a Canadian politician and insurance agent.

Born in Cookshire, Quebec in September 1924, Beaudoin was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1968 federal election as a Member of the Ralliement Créditiste to represent the riding of Richmond. After that party merged with the Social Credit Party of Canada, he was re-elected as a Social Credit candidate in the 1972 and 1974 federal elections. He ran unsuccessfully in the 1965 election in the riding of Richmond—Wolfe. He was a member of various standing committees.

Beaudoin died in Bromptonville, Quebec in July 2021 at the age of 96.

1968 Canadian federal election
The 1968 Canadian federal election was held on June 25, 1968, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 28th Parliament of Canada.

In April 1968, Prime Minister Lester Pearson of the Liberal Party resigned as party leader as a result of declining health and failing to win a majority government in two attempts. He was succeeded by his Minister of Justice and Attorney General Pierre Trudeau, who called an election immediately after becoming prime minister. Trudeau's charisma appealed to Canadian voters; his popularity became known as "Trudeaumania" and helped him win a comfortable majority. Robert Stanfield's Progressive Conservatives lost seats whereas the New Democratic Party's support stayed the same.
Piano Interpretations by Bud Powell
Piano Interpretations by Bud Powell  is a studio album by jazz pianist Bud Powell, released in 1956 by Norgran, featuring two sessions that Powell recorded at Fine Sound Studios in New York in April 1955.

The album was re-issued on LP by Verve (MGV 8167), and released as a CD replica by Verve (Japan) in 2006 (POCJ-2743). The sessions (with alternate takes) are also available on The Complete Bud Powell on Verve (1994) CD box set.

Norgran Records
Norgran Records was an American jazz record label in Los Angeles founded by Norman Granz in 1953. It became part of Verve Records, which Granz created in 1956. It is the first letters of Granz's full name.
The Logical Structure of Linguistic Theory
The Logical Structure of Linguistic Theory or LSLT is a major work in linguistics by American linguist Noam Chomsky. It was written in 1955 and published in 1975. In 1955, Chomsky submitted a part of this book as his PhD thesis titled Transformational Analysis, setting out his ideas on transformational grammar; he was awarded a Ph.D. for it, and it was privately distributed among specialists on microfilm. Chomsky offered the manuscript of LSLT for publication, but MIT's Technology Press refused to publish it. It was published by Plenum in 1975. It was republished in 1985 by U. of Chicago Press and in 2010 by Springer.

Transformational grammar
In linguistics, transformational grammar (TG) or transformational-generative grammar (TGG) was the earliest model of grammar proposed within the research tradition of generative grammar. Like current generative theories, it treated grammar as a system of formal rules that generate all and only grammatical sentences of a given language. What was distinctive about transformational grammar was that it posited transformation rules that mapped a sentence's deep structure to its pronounced form. For example, in many variants of transformational grammar, the English active voice sentence "Emma saw Daisy" and its passive counterpart "Daisy was seen by Emma" share a common deep structure generated by phrase structure rules, differing only in that the latter's structure is modified by a passivization transformation rule.
Pat Pending
Pat Pending is a fifty-foot trunk-cabin motor yacht that was designed by Ted Geary, and was built in 1929 by Lake Union Dry Docks in Seattle, Washington. The boat was originally owned by Lloyd Bacon, a film director made famous for films such as Moby Dick and 42nd Street. Pat Pending was then purchased in 1940 by a San Francisco Bay Area patent attorney named Don Owen, who planned to use the boat for recreational purposes. However, once World War II broke out in the Pacific theater, she was drafted by the U.S. Navy as a submarine net patrol boat, where she served from 1941 until 1944. After she was decommissioned, Pat Pending was then sold back to the Owen family in 1944, and is still owned by them today.

Lake Union Dry Dock Company
47°38′00″N 122°19′39″W﻿ / ﻿47.63327°N 122.32758°W﻿ / 47.63327; -122.32758

Lake Union Dry Dock Company is a full-service shipyard that specializes in vessel repair and conversions located in Seattle, Washington. Drydocking vessels up to 6,000 tonnes (5,900 long tons; 6,600 short tons), (420 feet (130 m) in length), Lake Union Dry Dock Company repairs factory trawlers, fishing vessels, Coast Guard Cutters and buoy tenders, tugboats, research vessels, ferries, mega-yachts, barges, and houseboats.

Lake Union Dry Dock Company was founded by Otis Cutting and John McLean in 1919 to build and service watercraft vessels. Located along the eastern shore of Lake Union, Lake Union Dry Dock Company is among the longest operating shipyards in the United States. Accessible via the Hiram A. Chittenden (Ballard) Locks, Lake Union provides refuge from tides as well as the marine life and corrosive saltwater of Puget Sound.
Monnet Authority
The Monnet Authority was the first High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), between 1952 and 1955. Its president was Jean Monnet of France.

Monnet resigned on Europe day 1955 following the failure of the European Defence Community and was succeeded by the Mayer Authority. There were four more High Authorities before the institutions of the ECSC were merged with those of the European Atomic Energy Community and the European Economic Community in 1967 to become the European Communities.

Europe Day
Europe Day is a day celebrating "peace and unity in Europe" celebrated on 5 May by the Council of Europe and on 9 May by the European Union.

The first recognition of Europe Day was by the Council of Europe, introduced in 1964. The European Union later started to celebrate its own European Day in commemoration of the 1950 Schuman Declaration which first proposed the European Coal and Steel Community, leading it to be referred to by some as "Schuman Day" or "Day of the united Europe". Both days are celebrated by displaying the flag of Europe.
Sulevi
Sulevi (Georgian: სულევი; Abkhaz: Пшоухәа) is a village in Abkhazia, Georgia.

The village was established by Estonians in 19th century. As of 2011, 127 Estonians live there (together with Salme village).

Abkhaz language
Abkhaz, also known as Abkhazian, is a Northwest Caucasian language most closely related to Abaza. It is spoken mostly by the Abkhaz people. It is one of the official languages of Abkhazia, where around 190,000 people speak it. Furthermore, it is spoken by thousands of members of the Abkhazian diaspora in Turkey, Georgia's autonomous republic of Adjara, Syria, Jordan, and several Western countries. 27 October is the day of the Abkhazian language in Georgia.
Meiringen
Meiringen (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈmaɪrɪŋən]) is a municipality in the Interlaken-Oberhasli administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. Besides the village of Meiringen, the municipality includes the settlements of Balm, Brünigen, Eisenbolgen, Hausen, Prasti, Sand, Stein, Unterbach, Unterheidon, Wylerli and Zaun. The municipal coat of arms shows a black eagle in a yellow field. ("Or an Eagle displayed Sable crowned, beaked, langued and membered of the first.")
Formerly the coat of arms of the entire Oberhasli Talschaft, this design continues the imperial coat of arms.

Meiringen is famous for the nearby Reichenbach Falls, a waterfall that was the setting for the final showdown between Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's fictional detective Sherlock Holmes and his nemesis Professor Moriarty. The village is also known for its claim to have been the place where meringue was first created.

Sable (heraldry)
In heraldry, sable (/ˈseɪbəl/ ⓘ) is the tincture equivalent to black. It is one of the five dark tinctures called colours.

Sable is portrayed in heraldic hatching by criss-crossing perpendicular lines. Sable is indicated by the abbreviation s. or sa. when a coat of arms is tricked.
Bahya ibn Paquda
Bahyā ibn Pāqudā (Bahya ben Joseph ibn Pakuda, Pekudah, Bakuda; Judeo-Arabic: בחיי אבן פקודה, Arabic: بهية بن فاقودا), c. 1050–1120, was a Jewish philosopher and rabbi who lived in the Taifa of Zaragoza in al-Andalus (now Spain). He was one of two people now known as Rabbeinu Behaye, the other being the Bible commentator Bahya ben Asher.

Taifa of Zaragoza
The taifa of Zaragoza (Arabic: طائفة سرقسطة) was an independent Arab Muslim state in the east of Al-Andalus (present-day Spain) with its capital in Saraqusta (Zaragoza) city. It was established in the early 11th century as one of the many Taifa kingdoms that followed the collapse of the Caliphate of Córdoba around this time. It survived until 1110, when it was annexed by the Almoravids.
Light Refracted
Light Refracted is a two-movement composition for chamber ensemble by the American composer Jennifer Higdon.  It was first performed on September 22, 2002 at the Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts by the clarinetist Igor Begelman, violinist Jo-Young Baek, violist Christina Castelli, cellist Mark Kosower, and pianist Tatiana Goncharova.

Mark Kosower
Mark Kosower (/ˈkɒsəwər/) is principal cellist of the Cleveland Orchestra. He was solo cellist of the Bamberg Symphony Orchestra in Germany from 2006 to 2010 and was professor of cello and chamber music at the San Francisco Conservatory of Music from 2005 to 2007. He was on the faculty at the Cleveland Institute of Music until his resignation in January 2020.
Jerry McCormick
James J. McCormick  (December 31, 1861 – September 11, 1905) was an American third baseman in Major League Baseball for the 1883 Baltimore Orioles of the American Association and the 1884 Philadelphia Keystones and Washington Nationals of the Union Association.

Washington Nationals (Union Association)
The 1884 Washington Nationals were a baseball team belonging to the Union Association. They were managed by Michael Scanlon and finished in seventh place with a record of 47–65. Their home games were played at Capitol Grounds. The Nationals folded with the rest of the Union Association when it was discontinued after 1884, its only season of operation.

This team is distinct from the other 1884 Washington Nationals franchise, a different team that played in the American Association the same year.
2024 Città di Grado Tennis Cup – Doubles
Emily Appleton and Julia Lohoff were the defending champions but Lohoff chose not to participate. Appleton partnered alongside Amina Anshba, but lost in the semifinals to Jessie Aney and Lena Papadakis.

Aney and Papadakis won the title, defeating Yvonne Cavallé Reimers and Aurora Zantedeschi in the final, 6–4, 7–5.

Jessie Aney
Jessie Aney (born 19 April 1998) is an American tennis player.
She has career-high WTA rankings of 343 in singles and 104 in doubles.

Aney has won three singles and 22 doubles titles on the ITF Women's World Tennis Tour.
2023 Collegiate Rugby Championship
The 2023 Collegiate Rugby Championship was a college rugby sevens tournament played from April 28–30, 2023 at Maryland SoccerPlex in Boyds, Maryland. The tournament is also known as May Madness. It was the 13th annual Collegiate Rugby Championship, and the first year that the tournament was held in Maryland. The men's Premier Cup competition consisted of 32 teams, while the women's premier cup competition featured 16 teams. The men's tournament as a whole featured 74 teams competing across four divisions. All teams in the Premier bracket competed in a single elimination bracket. Kutztown entered the tournament as defending champions. Lindenwood entered the tournament as four-time defending champions of the women's tournament. The matches were shown on The Rugby Network and National Collegiate Rugby's YouTube channel. Mount Saint Mary's won the men's Premier Cup defeating Indiana 19–5 in the final.

Boyds, Maryland
Boyds is an unincorporated community in exurban Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, located approximately 27 miles (43 km) north of Washington, D.C. Its ZIP Code is 20841.

According to the United States 2020 Census, the ZIP Code Tabulation Area (ZCTA) for Boyds covers an area of about 27 square miles (70 km2) and has a population of 9,538. Black Hill Regional Park, Little Seneca Lake, and Seneca Creek State Park are located in Boyds.
Rajaâ Cherkaoui El Moursli
Rajaâ Cherkaoui El Moursli (born 12 May 1954) is a Moroccan Professor of nuclear physics, at the faculty of science within the Mohammad V University of Rabat. She won the L'Oréal-UNESCO Awards for Women in Science for her work on the Higgs Boson.

Mohammed V University
Mohammed V University (Arabic: جامعة محمد الخامس, French: Université Mohammed-V) is a public university in Rabat, Morocco. It was founded in 1957 under a royal decree (Dahir). It is the first modern university in Morocco after the University of al-Qarawiyyin in Fez. It is named after Mohammed V of Morocco.
Voivodeship road 110
Voivodeship road 110 (Polish: Droga wojewódzka nr 110, abbreviated DW 110) is a route in the Polish voivodeship roads network. The route links the Voivodeship Road 102 in Lędzin, Voivodeship Road 103 in Cerkwica with Voivodeship Road 109 and Voivodeship Road 105 in Gryfice. The route runs through Gryfice County with length 23 km.

Gryfice County
Gryfice County (Polish: powiat gryficki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Gryfice, which lies 69 kilometres (43 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county also contains the towns of Trzebiatów, lying 17 km (11 mi) north of Gryfice, and Płoty, 13 km (8 mi) south of Gryfice.

The county covers an area of 1,018.19 square kilometres (393.1 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 60,773, out of which the population of Gryfice is 16,702, that of Trzebiatów is 10,113, that of Płoty is 4,142, and the rural population is 29,816.
Flashback (psychology)
A flashback, or involuntary recurrent memory, is a psychological phenomenon in which an individual has a sudden, usually powerful, re-experiencing of a past experience, or elements of a past experience. These experiences can be frightening, happy, sad, exciting, or any number of other emotions. The term is used particularly when the memory is recalled involuntarily, especially when it is so intense that the person "relives" the experience, and is unable to fully recognize it as memory of a past experience and not something that is happening in "real time".

Phenomenon
A phenomenon  (pl. phenomena), sometimes spelled phaenomenon, is an observable event. The term came into its modern philosophical usage through Immanuel Kant, who contrasted it with the noumenon, which cannot be directly observed. Kant was heavily influenced by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in this part of his philosophy, in which phenomenon and noumenon serve as interrelated technical terms. Far predating this, the ancient Greek Pyrrhonist philosopher Sextus Empiricus also used phenomenon and noumenon as interrelated technical terms.
Cachar Cancer Hospital and Research Centre
Cachar Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (CCHRC) is a non-profit oncology hospital and research institute located in Meherpur, near Silchar, in the Cachar district of Assam, India. The institution was established in 1996 by the Cachar Cancer Hospital Society, a public charitable society formed in 1992. It provides cancer diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and palliative care, with a focus on patients from rural and economically disadvantaged backgrounds in Northeast India.

Diagnosis
Diagnosis (pl.: diagnoses) is the identification of the nature and cause of a certain phenomenon. Diagnosis is used in a lot of different disciplines, with variations in the use of logic, analytics, and experience, to determine "cause and effect". In systems engineering and computer science, it is typically used to determine the causes of symptoms, mitigations, and solutions.
Oreophrynella cryptica
Oreophrynella cryptica is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

It is endemic to Auyan-tepui, Venezuela, and is classed as vulnerable because of its restricted range.

True toad
A true toad is any member of the family Bufonidae, in the order Anura (frogs and toads). This is the only family of anurans in which all members are known as toads, although some may be called frogs (such as harlequin frogs). The bufonids now comprise more than 35 genera, Bufo being the best known.
Noke (worms)
Noke is a culinary term used by the Māori of New Zealand to refer to earthworms. Some types of native worms (called noke whiti and noke kurekure in Māori) are historically local delicacies reserved for chiefs because of their sweet flavour, which was said to "remain in the mouth for two days". Another notable kind of worm, the noke waiū  (possibly Octochaetus multiporus), was prized as eel fishing bait due to its large size and bioluminescence. Noke has more recently become a popular trend at certain New Zealand wild food festivals, where it is often served in modern fusion dishes such as worm sushi and chocolate truffles with crystallized worm.

According to Māori mythology, the trickster Māui once transformed himself into a noke worm in order to crawl into the womb of the underworld goddess Hine-nui-te-pō and gain everlasting life. Due to its having characteristics of both males and females, it was considered divine.

Chocolate truffle
A chocolate truffle is a French chocolate confectionery traditionally made with a chocolate ganache center and coated in cocoa powder, coconut, or chopped nuts. A chocolate truffle is handrolled into a spherical or ball shape. The name derives from the chocolate truffle's similarity in appearance to truffles, a tuber fungus.
Diasporus gularis
Diasporus gularis, also known as the Esmeraldas robber frog, is a species of frog in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is found in western Colombia (Córdoba Department in the north through Antioquia and Chocó Departments to the Valle del Cauca, Cauca, and Nariño Departments in the southwest) and northwestern and central Ecuador (Esmeraldas, Imbabura, and Chimborazo Provinces).

Valle del Cauca Department
Valle del Cauca (Spanish for "Cauca Valley"; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbaʎe ðel ˈkawka]), is a department in western Colombia abutting the Pacific Ocean. Its capital is Santiago de Cali. Other cities such as Buenaventura, Buga, Cartago, Palmira and Tuluá have great economical, political, social and cultural influence on the department's life. Valle del Cauca has the largest number of independent (i.e., nonmetropolitan) towns with over 100,000 inhabitants in the country, counting six within its borders. Buenaventura has the largest and busiest seaport in Colombia, moving about 8,500,000 tons of merchandise annually.
Cetățeni
Cetățeni is a commune in Argeș County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Cetățeni, Lăicăi, and Valea Cetățuia.

The commune is situated at a distance of 91 km (57 mi) from Pitești and 25 km (16 mi) from Câmpulung, right next to Dâmbovița County.  The neighboring communes are: Stoenești to the north,  Pucheni to the east, Malu cu Flori to the south, Văleni to the west, and Mioarele to the northwest.

Cetățuia Monastery is located here.

Dâmbovița County
Dâmbovița County (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈdɨmbovitsa] ⓘ; also spelt Dîmbovița) is a county (județ) of Romania, in Muntenia, with the capital city at Târgoviște, the most important economic, political, administrative, and cultural center of the county. It is a traditional administrative unit, first attested in 1512.
The Memorial Gate for Virtuous Women
The Memorial Gate for Virtuous Women, also known as Bound by Chastity Rules, (Korean: 열녀문) is a 1962 South Korean film directed by Shin Sang-ok. It was chosen as Best Film at the Grand Bell Awards. It was also entered into the 13th Berlin International and Cannes Film Festivals.

Grand Bell Awards
The Grand Bell Awards (Korean: 대종상 영화제; RR: Daejongsang yeonghwaje), also known as the Daejong Film Awards, are annual awards presented for excellence in film in South Korea. The Grand Bell Awards retains prestige as the oldest continuous film awards held in South Korea, and has been called the Korean equivalent of the American Academy Awards.

Since 2025, the trademark of the Grand Bell Awards officially belong to the Korea Film Planning Producers Association.
Valeriy Veshko
Valeriy Veshko (born 2 January 1966 in Volochysk, Ukrainian SSR) is a Soviet sprint canoeist who competed from the late 1980s to the early 1990s. He won nine medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with seven golds (C-2 1000 m: 1987, C-4 500 m: 1989, 1990, 1991; C-4 1000 m: 1989, 1990, 1991), one silver (C-2 500 m: 1987), and one bronze (C-2 1000 m: 1989).

ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships are an international event in canoe racing, one of two top-tier Summer Olympic sport events organized by the International Canoe Federation (the other being the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships). They are usually held every non-Olympic year and have officially included paracanoe events since 2010; paracanoe-specific editions of this event (named ICF Paracanoe World Championships) are usually held in Summer Paralympic years.

Prior to November 2008, canoe sprint was known as flatwater racing.