hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elisabeth Bürstenbinder
Elisabeth Bürstenbinder  (pen name, Ernst Werner; 25 November 1838, in Berlin – 10 October 1918, in Merano) was a German writer who wrote under the name Ernst Werner. She first gained attention in 1870 with Hermann. Among her works Sacred Vows, Fickle Fortune, Riven Bonds, and some others had English translations.

Merano
Merano or Meran is a comune (municipality) in South Tyrol, Northern Italy. Generally best known for its spa resorts, it is located within a basin, surrounded by mountains standing up to 3,335 metres (10,942 feet) above sea level, at the entrance to the Passeier Valley and the Vinschgau.

The city has been a popular place of residence for several scientists, literary people, and artists, including Franz Kafka, Paul Lazarsfeld and also Empress Elisabeth of Austria, who appreciated its mild climate.
Pellegrino Parmense
Pellegrino Parmense (Parmigiano: Pelegrén) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Parma in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) west of Bologna and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of Parma, in the northern part of the Valle del Ceno.

Province of Parma
The province of Parma (Italian: provincia di Parma) is a province in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. Its largest town and capital is the city of Parma.

It is made up of 47 comuni (sg.: comune). It has an area of 3,449 square kilometres (1,332 sq mi) and a total population of around 450,000.

The province is bordered by the province of Reggio Emilia to the east, the Piacenza to the west, Lombardy's provinces of Cremona and Mantua to the north and by Liguria's provinces of La Spezia and Genoa and Tuscany's Province of Massa-Carrara to the south.
International Junior Science Olympiad
The International Junior Science Olympiad (IJSO) is an annual science competition for students aged 15 and under. Students are eligible to participate as long as they are less than 16 years old on December 31st of the competition year. It is one of the International Science Olympiads and an international academical competition that covers physics, chemistry and biology at the same time. The first IJSO was held in Jakarta, Indonesia in 2004. Around 50 countries send delegations of three to six students, plus one to three team leaders, and observers.

The competition is broken down into three tests, each of which lasts between three and four hours. The theoretical portion consists of two tests: a multiple choice questionnaire consisting of 30 questions, and a theoretical test. The practical portion consists of three laboratory examinations, one for each field.

Experimental physics
Experimental physics is the category of disciplines and sub-disciplines in the field of physics that are concerned with the observation of physical phenomena and experiments. Methods vary from discipline to discipline, from simple experiments and observations, such as experiments by Galileo Galilei, to more complicated ones, such as the Large Hadron Collider.
Eberhard of Sülichgau
Eberhard von Sülichen (c. 856 – after 889) was a Frankish nobleman, Count of Sülichgau.

It has been reported that he was the son of Unruoch III of Friuli, the Margrave of Friuli, a son of the Frankish Unruoching Duke of Friuli Eberhard of Friuli and of Gisela, daughter of Louis the Pious. It has also been reported that his father was Adelhard von Burc, lay abbot of Cysoing, himself a son of Eberhard of Friuli.

He married his first cousin, Gisela, and they had at least two daughters, Judith (who married Arnulf, Duke of Bavaria, and was the mother of Eberhard and Judith.) and Regelinda of Zürich, Duchess of Swabia.

Duchess of Swabia
The Duchess of Swabia was the wife of the Duke of Swabia, ruler of the Duchy of Swabia which existed from 915 to 1313 as part of the Kingdom of Germany. If the duke was unmarried there was no duchess. This is a list of holders of the title.
Ajit Pawar
Ajit Anantrao Pawar (22 July 1959 – 28 January 2026) was an Indian politician who served as Maharashtra's longest-serving deputy chief minister for more than eight years, between 2010 and his death in 2026, for six terms. He held the office under various governments, including the cabinets of Prithviraj Chavan, Devendra Fadnavis, Uddhav Thackeray, and Eknath Shinde.

He also served as the leader of the opposition in the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly from 2022 to 2023 and represented Baramati Lok Sabha constituency in 1991.

Thackeray ministry
After the 2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly elections, post-poll alliance was formed in between Shiv Sena, Nationalist Congress Party and Indian National Congress to form Maha Vikas Aghadi (MVA). Uddhav Thackeray, the president of Shiv Sena was sworn in as the 19th Chief Minister of Maharashtra on 28 November 2019. Following is the list of ministers from the cabinet of Uddhav Thackeray starting from November 2019.
TVP3 Gdańsk
TVP3 Gdańsk is one of the regional branches of the TVP, Poland's public television broadcaster. It serves the entire Pomeranian Voivodeship. In 1990–2010, there was an informative television programme Rodnô Zemia in the Kashubian language.

Kashubian language
Kashubian (/kəˈʃuːbiən/) or Cassubian (/kəˈsuːbiən/; endonym: kaszëbsczi jãzëk; Polish: język kaszubski) is a West Slavic language belonging to the Lechitic subgroup.

Approximately 87,600 people use mainly Kashubian at home. It is the only remnant of the Pomeranian language. It is close to standard Polish with influence from Low German and the extinct Polabian (West Slavic) and Old Prussian (West Baltic) languages.

The Kashubian language exists in two different forms: vernacular dialects used in rural areas, and literary variants used in education.
2009 League of Ireland Premier Division
The 2009 League of Ireland Premier Division was the 25th season of the League of Ireland Premier Division. The division was made up of 10 teams. Bohemians were champions while Shamrock Rovers finished as runners-up.

Bray Wanderers F.C.
Bray Wanderers Football Club are an Irish association football club playing in the League of Ireland First Division. The club in its present form was founded in 1942 in Bray, and was known until 2010 as Bray Wanderers A.F.C. It was elected to the league in 1985, and plays its home matches at the Carlisle Grounds. The club colours are green and white, and it goes by the nickname "The Seagulls".
16th Asianet Film Awards
The 16th Ujala Asianet Film Awards geared up at Dubai drew thousands of Malayalam movie fans at the Meydan Hotel & Grand Stand on January 10, 2014. The awards were presented annually by the Asianet TV to honor the artistic and technical excellence in Malayalam film industry with over 30 award categories. They were held in Dubai for the second time after a successful show there in 2012.

Asianet (TV channel)
Asianet is an Indian Malayalam language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Viacom18 and Disney India. It primarily telecasts programs such as serials, reality shows and Malayalam films. Asianet HD is the first High Definition channel in Malayalam and was the Star network's first HD channel in a language other than Hindi or English.
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia is a form of fibrous dysplasia affecting more than one bone. Fibrous dysplasia is a disorder where bone is replaced by fibrous tissue, leading to weak bones, uneven growth, and deformity.

McCune–Albright syndrome includes polyostotic fibrous dysplasia as part of its presentation. When polyostotic fibrous dysplasia manifests in the long bones, limping results; when it manifests in the face, asymmetric growth of the face can result.

One treatment that has been used is bisphosphonates.

Bisphosphonate
Bisphosphonates are a class of drugs that prevent the loss of bone density. They are the most commonly prescribed to treat osteoporosis and similar diseases.

Specifically, there is evidence that shows they may reduce the risk of fracture in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis.

Bone tissue undergoes constant remodeling and is kept in balance (homeostasis) by osteoblasts creating bone and osteoclasts destroying bone. Bisphosphonates inhibit the digestion of bone by encouraging osteoclasts to undergo apoptosis, or cell death, thereby slowing bone loss.

The uses of bisphosphonates include the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, Paget's disease of bone, bone metastasis (with or without hypercalcemia), multiple myeloma, primary hyperparathyroidism, osteogenesis imperfecta, fibrous dysplasia, and other conditions that exhibit bone fragility.
Antonio Alcalá Venceslada
Antonio Alcalá Venceslada (1883–1955) was a Spanish writer and scholar of Andalusia. Following college years in Jaen, where his master was Francisco Ureña Navas, he studied in Málaga, Granada and Sevilla. As an archivist/librarian, he worked in Compostela, Cádiz, Huelva and Jaén. He also taught at the Instituto Virgen del Carmen in Jaén.

Alcalá Venceslada was a renowned authority on Andalusian popular culture. He wrote many books, the most important of which, a reference work called Vocabulario Andaluz, was published in 1934. The author was awarded the sum of 10,000 pesetas by the Real Academia Española de la Lengua as a result. The book has been reprinted many times since. Other works include De la solera fina (Jaén, 1925) and La flor de la canela (Andújar, 1946). He was also a noted poet. According to Alfonso de Urquijo, Alcalá Venceslada was "el poeta montero de España". A street and a college in Jaen are named after him, likewise a small street in Andújar.

Jaén, Spain
Jaén (Spanish: [xaˈen] ⓘ) is a municipality of Spain and the capital of the province of Jaén, in the autonomous community of Andalusia.

The city of Jaén is the administrative and industrial centre for the province. Industrial establishments in the city include chemical works, tanneries, distilleries, cookie factories, textile factories, as well as agricultural and olive oil processing machinery industry.

The layout of Jaén is determined by its position on the foothills of the Cerro de Santa Catalina, with steep, narrow streets, in the historic core.

Its population is 112,757 (2020), about one-sixth of the population of the province. Jaén had an increase in cultural tourism in the mid-2010s, having received 604,523 tourists in 2015, 10% more than in 2014.
Consort Dowager Cao
Consort Dowager Cao (Chinese: 曹太妃; personal name unknown) (died October or November 562) was an imperial consort of the Chinese Western Liang dynasty. She was a concubine of Emperor Xuan, and she was the mother of his son and crown prince Xiao Kui (Emperor Ming).

Xiao Kui was not initially considered Emperor Xuan's heir, as Emperor Xuan had an older son Xiao Liao (蕭嶚), who was initially his heir apparent. However, by the time that Emperor Xuan took the throne with Western Wei support in 555, Xiao Liao had already died, and so Xiao Kui, as the next son, was created crown prince. When Emperor Xuan died in 562, Xiao Kui succeeded to the throne. He honored Emperor Xuan's wife Empress Wang as empress dowager and honored Consort Cao as consort dowager.  Consort Dowager Cao died in the fall of that year.

Western Wei
Wei (/weɪ/), known in historiography as the Western Wei (Chinese: 西魏; pinyin: Xī Wèi), was an imperial dynasty of China that followed the disintegration of the Northern Wei. One of the Northern dynasties during the era of the Northern and Southern dynasties, it ruled the western part of northern China from 535 to 557 AD. As with the Northern Wei dynasty that preceded it, the ruling family of the Western Wei were members of the Tuoba clan of the Xianbei.
Li's criterion
In number theory, Li's criterion is a particular statement about the positivity of a certain sequence that is equivalent to the Riemann hypothesis.  The criterion is named after Xian-Jin Li, who presented it in 1997. In 1999, Enrico Bombieri and Jeffrey C. Lagarias provided a generalization, showing that Li's  positivity condition applies to any collection of points that lie on the Re(s) = 1/2 axis.

Journal of Number Theory
The Journal of Number Theory (JNT) is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of number theory. The journal was established in 1969 by R.P. Bambah, P. Roquette, A. Ross, A. Woods, and H. Zassenhaus (Ohio State University). It is currently published monthly by Elsevier and the editor-in-chief is Dorian Goldfeld (Columbia University). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 0.7.
Silver River, British Columbia
Silver River was a logging camp on the east side of Harrison Lake in British Columbia, Canada. The camp was located at the mouth of Big Silver Creek, which is also unofficially called the Silver River or Big Silver River.

In-SHUCK-ch Nation
The In-SHUCK-ch Nation, also known as Lower Lillooet people, are a small First Nations tribal council on the lower Lillooet River south of Pemberton-Mount Currie in the Canadian province of British Columbia. The communities of the In-SHUCK-ch are of the St'at'imcets-speaking St'at'imc people, but in recent years seceded from the Lillooet Tribal Council to form their own organization. The name In-SHUCK-ch is taken from In-SHUCK-ch Mountain (Ucwalmicwts: In-SHUCK-ch, meaning 'it is split'), a distinctive mountain near the south end of Lillooet Lake.

The three bands of the In-SHUCK-ch are:

Semahquam First Nation

Skatin First Nations

Douglas First Nation

Joined with the In-SHUCK-ch in the Lower Stl'atl'imx Tribal Council is the:

N'Quatqua First Nation of D'Arcy
Selenium dibromide
Selenium dibromide is a compound made of one selenium and two bromine atoms. It is unstable. No solid form of the compound has been discovered but it is a component of the equilibria in the vapour above selenium tetrabromide (SeBr4) and in nonaqueous solutions. In acetonitrile solution, selenium reacts with SeBr4 to form an equilibrium mixture containing SeBr2, Se2Br2 and Br2. This covalent compound has a bent molecular geometry in the gas phase.

Acetonitrile
Acetonitrile, often abbreviated MeCN (methyl cyanide), is the chemical compound with the formula CH3CN and structure H3C−C≡N. This colourless liquid is the simplest organic nitrile (hydrogen cyanide is a simpler nitrile, but the cyanide anion is not classed as organic). It is produced mainly as a byproduct of acrylonitrile manufacture. It is used as a polar aprotic solvent in organic synthesis and in the purification of butadiene. The N≡C−C skeleton is linear with a short C≡N distance of 1.16 Å.

Acetonitrile was first prepared in 1847 by the French chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas.
Nelkan
Nelkan (Russian: Нелькан) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Nelkan, Sakha Republic, a settlement in Oymyakonsky District of the Sakha Republic

Rural localities

Nelkan, Khabarovsk Krai, a selo in Ayano-Maysky District of Khabarovsk Krai

Oymyakonsky District
Oymyakonsky District (Russian: Оймяко́нский улу́с; Yakut: Өймөкөөн улууһа, Öymököön uluuha, [øjmøkøːn uluːha]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic and borders with Ust-Maysky District in the southwest, Tomponsky District in the west, Momsky District in the north, Susumansky District of Magadan Oblast in the east, and with Okhotsky District of Khabarovsk Krai in the south. The area of the district is 92,300 square kilometers (35,600 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a settlement) of Ust-Nera. Population: 10,109 (2010 Census); 14,670 (2002 Census); 31,078 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Ust-Nera accounts for 63.9% of the district's total population.
Danebury Hill
Danebury Hill is a 13.7-hectare (34-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north-east of Nether Wallop in Hampshire. It is part of Danebury Hillfort Local Nature Reserve.

This gently sloping site surrounds Danebury, which is a hill fort dating to the Iron Age. It has herb-rich chalk grassland which is grazed by rabbits and sheep, and there are also areas of mixed and juniper scrub. Flowering plants include the scarce burnt-tip orchid, field fleawort and frog orchid.

Local nature reserve
Local nature reserve (LNR) is a statutory designation for certain nature reserves in Great Britain. The Wild Life Conservation Special Committee established them and proposed a national suite of protected areas comprising national nature reserves, conservation areas (which incorporated suggestions for Sites of Special Scientific Interest), national parks, geological monuments, local nature reserves and local educational nature reserves.

There are now over 1,280 LNRs in England, covering almost 40,000 hectares, which range from windswept coastal headlands and ancient woodlands to former inner city railways and long abandoned landfill sites.
Robert Neubauer
Robert Neubauer (7 December 1895 – 3 May 1969) was a Slovene doctor, specialising in phthisiology.

Neubauer was born in Vienna in 1895 to a German father and a Slovene mother. He studied medicine at the University of Vienna and graduated in 1922. In 1923 he started running the Hospital for Pulmonary and Allergic Diseases in Golnik, making it one of the leading hospitals of its kind in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. After the German invasion of Yugoslavia he was arrested and moved to Ljubljana. In 1942 he joined the Slovene Liberation Front and in 1944 joined the partisans. After the war he worked for the Yugoslav Red Cross and World Health Organization. He died in 1969 in Ljubljana.

Within his cooperation with the WHO Neubauer travelled extensively and after a visit to Sri Lanka wrote a book entitled Ceylon published in 1957 for which he won the Levstik Award in 1958.

Neubauer was a full member of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts from 1961.

Golnik
Golnik (pronounced [ɡɔlˈniːk] or [ɡɔu̯ˈniːk]; German: Gallenfels) is a village in the Municipality of Kranj in the Upper Carniolan region of Slovenia.

Since 1921, it has been best known for its hospital for diagnosis and treatment of patients with pulmonary and allergic diseases, now known as the Golnik University Clinic of Pulmonary and Allergic Diseases. Its location, good humidity conditions, and high number of sunny days per year have contributed to it becoming a leading health care centre in the region. A 16th-century castle is part of the hospital complex and it is surrounded by a park designed by the architect Ivan Vurnik.
Nong Krathing railway station
Nong Krathing railway station is a railway station located in Kong Rot Subdistrict, Huai Thalaeng District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province. It is a class 3 railway station located 337.50 km (209.7 mi) from Bangkok railway station.

Hua Lamphong railway station
Bangkok (Hua Lamphong) railway station (Thai: สถานีกรุงเทพ (หัวลำโพง), RTGS: Sathani Krung Thep (Hua Lamphong)) is a railway station in Pathum Wan, the former central passenger terminal in Bangkok and the former railway hub of Thailand. It is in the center of the city in the Pathum Wan district, and is operated by the State Railway of Thailand (SRT). Long distance trains moved to the new central station at Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal in 2023.
Unit load device
A unit load device (ULD) is a container used to load luggage, freight, and mail on wide-body aircraft and specific narrow-body aircraft. It allows preloading of cargo, provided the containerised load fits in the aircraft, enabling efficient planning of aircraft weight and balance and reduced labour and time in loading aircraft holds compared with 'bulk-loading' single items of cargo or luggage by hand. Each ULD has its own packing list or manifest so that its contents can be tracked. A loaded aircraft cargo pallet secured with a cargo net also forms a ULD, but its load must be gauged for size in addition to being weighed to ensure aircraft door and hold clearances.

The IATA publishes ULD regulations and notes there are 900,000 in service worth more than US$1 billion, averaging $1100 each.

Cargo net
A cargo net is a type of net used for transferring cargo to and from ships. It is usually square or rectangular, but sometimes round, made of thick rope, with cinch ropes extending from the corners, and in some designs, the edges.
Theistic naturalism
Theistic naturalism is a theologically-based belief system within philosophy which rejects divine intervention but maintains theism.

It is different from traditional or classical theism.: 123  Theistic naturalists think evolution and naturalism can be in tune with religious beliefs, such as Christianity.: 85

According to Sarah Lane Ritchie of the University of Edinburgh, the term "theistic naturalism" was first used by Dutch philosopher Willem Drees. Drees used the term to describe "a scheme of primary and secondary causes, with the transcendent realm giving effectiveness and reality to the laws of nature and the material world governed by them." This view is, however, is not universally seen as compatible with naturalism.

Divine intervention
Divine intervention is an event that occurs when a deity (i.e. God, gods, goddesses etc.) becomes actively involved in changing some situation in human affairs.  In contrast to other kinds of divine action, the expression "divine intervention" implies that there is some kind of identifiable situation or state of affairs that a god chooses to get involved with, to intervene in, in order to change, end, or preserve the situation.
Energy in Italy
Energy in Italy comes mostly from fossil fuels. Among the most used resources are petroleum (mostly used for the transport sector), natural gas (used for electric energy production and heating), coal and renewables. Italy has few energy resources, and most supplies are imported.

An important share of its electricity is imported, mainly from Switzerland and France. The share of primary energy dedicated to electricity production is above 35%, and has grown steadily since the 1970s.

Electricity is produced mainly from natural gas, which accounts for the source of more than half of the total final electric energy produced. Another important source is hydroelectric power, which was practically the only source of electricity until 1960. Wind and solar power grew rapidly between 2010 and 2013 thanks to high incentives. Italy is one of the world's largest producers of renewable energy.

Tonne of oil equivalent
The tonne of oil equivalent (abbreviated toe) is a unit of energy defined as the amount of energy released by burning one tonne of crude oil. It is approximately 42 gigajoules or 11.630 megawatt-hours, although as different crude oils have different calorific values, the exact value is defined by convention; several slightly different definitions exist. The toe is sometimes used for large amounts of energy.

Multiples of the toe are used, in particular the megatoe (Mtoe, one million toe) and the gigatoe (Gtoe, one billion toe). A smaller unit of kilogram of oil equivalent (kgoe or koe) is also sometimes used denoting 1/1000 toe.

A related concept is the physical quantity oil-equivalent mass (or mass of oil equivalent), expressed in the ordinary units of mass and its multiples: kilogram (kg), megagram (Mg) or tonne (t), etc.