hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sleeping dragon (manoeuver)
A sleeping dragon is a maneuver used by protesters to hinder their removal from a protest site. A series of protesters are handcuffed together through PVC pipe, which prevents police from simply using bolt cutters to break the handcuffs. Advanced variations include covering the PVC pipe with elements which might make it more difficult to break. Examples include chicken wire, tar, and duct tape. Another variation is filling a barrel with concrete and putting the PVC pipe through the barrel such that it cannot be accessed without first destroying all of the concrete.

Often the protesters will chain, lock, or otherwise secure themselves to immovable objects, resulting in a difficult-to-remove human obstacle. This is typically accomplished best with carabiners tied to their wrists so that the protestors can easily unlock themselves, though they cannot be unlocked by outsiders.

Chicken wire
Chicken wire, or poultry netting, is a mesh of wire commonly used to fence in fowl, such as chickens, in a run or coop. It is made of thin, flexible, galvanized steel wire with hexagonal gaps. Available in 1⁄2 inch (about 1.3 cm), 1 inch (about 2.5 cm) diameter, and 2 inch (about 5 cm), chicken wire is available in various gauges—usually 19 gauge (about 1 mm wire) to 22 gauge (about 0.7 mm wire). Chicken wire is occasionally used to build inexpensive pens for small animals (or to protect plants and property from animals).
1st Texas Field Battery
1st Texas Field Battery or Edgar's Company was an artillery battery from Texas that served in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. The artillery company formed in November 1860, but was not formally taken into Confederate service until April 1861. The unit participated in the disarming and surrender of United States soldiers and property in Texas in early 1861. The battery marched to Arkansas where in 1862 it joined the infantry division known as Walker's Greyhounds. The battery fought at Milliken's Bend and Richmond (La.), shelled a Federal river transport, and campaigned in south Louisiana in late 1863. The 1st Texas Battery was captured at Henderson's Hill in March 1864. The soldiers were later exchanged, and the unit disbanded in 1865 at the end of the conflict.

Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies
The Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies in the War of the Rebellion, commonly known as the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies or Official Records (OR or ORs), is the most extensive collection of American Civil War land warfare records available to the general public. It includes selected first-hand accounts, orders, reports, maps, diagrams, and correspondence drawn from official records of both Union and Confederate armies.
Beryozovsky District, Perm Krai
Beryozovsky District (Russian: Берёзовский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion) of Perm Krai, Russia; one of the thirty-three in the krai. Municipally, it is incorporated as Beryozovsky Municipal District. It is located in the southeast of the krai. The area of the district is 1,977 square kilometers (763 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Beryozovka. Population:  17,042 (2010 Census); 18,516 (2002 Census); 20,242 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Beryozovka accounts for 40.5% of the district's total population.

Administrative divisions of Perm Krai
This is a list of administrative divisions of Perm Krai, a krai (federal subject) of Russia. Overall, the krai has 33 districts, 25 cities or towns, 27 "urban-type settlements", 3,961 rural localities, and 342 "uninhabited rural localities".
Chief of the Defence Force (Namibia)
The Chief of the Defence Force (CDF) is the professional head of the Namibian Defence Force. He is  responsible for the administration and the operational control of the Namibian military. The position was established after Namibia became independent in 1990. The current chief is Air Marshal Martin Pinehas, he succeeded  Lieutenant general John Mutwa.

Martin Pinehas
Martin Kambulu Pinehas is a Namibian military officer who is serving as the Chief of the Defence Force, he previously served as commander of the Namibian Air Force. He was appointed the commander of the Air Wing of the Namibian Defence Force in 2000. He has over 3700 flight hours of experience, including 700 as an instructor.
Gözeler, Ovacık
Gözeler (Kurdish: Munzur Bawa) is a village in the Ovacık District, Tunceli Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Beytan tribe and had a population of 89 in 2021.

The hamlets of Çayır, Yeniköy and Yılanlı are attached to the village.

Tunceli Province
Tunceli Province (Turkish: Tunceli ili), formerly Dersim Province (Kurdish: Parêzgeha Dêrsim; Zazaki: Dêsim wilayet; Armenian: Տէրսիմի մարզ), is a province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Its central city is Tunceli. The province has a Kurdish majority. Moreover, it is the only province in Turkey with an Alevi majority. The province has eight municipalities, 366 villages and 1,087 hamlets.
Robert McAllister (politician)
Robert McAllister (January 9, 1876 – October 10, 1963) was a businessman and politician in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented St. John County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick as a Conservative member from 1931 to 1960.

Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick
The Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick is a centre-right conservative political party in the Canadian province of New Brunswick. The party has its origins in the pre-Canadian Confederation Conservative Party that opposed the granting of responsible government to the colony. It has historically followed the Red Tory tradition. From the 2010s, the party underwent a shift to Blue Toryism after the election of Blaine Higgs as leader, who was premier from 2018 to 2024.
1995 U.S. F2000 National Championship
The 1995 United States Formula Ford 2000 National Championship was the first USF2000 national championship sanctioned by the SCCA Pro Racing. The championship was formed after the merger of the USAC FF2000 series and the American Continental Championship. Jeret Schroeder, racing with Schroeder Racing, won the championship.

Formula Continental
Formula Continental is a single seater, open wheel racing class in motorsports.  It replaced Formula C as a Sports Car Club of America (SCCA) racing class.

Most Formula Continental cars are Formula Ford 2000 (FF2000) models, which is a flat bottomed, steel tube frame open wheel car with smaller wings and a 2-liter engine derived from the steel blocked Ford Pinto, Ford Zetec, or Mazda MZR engines.
Torana Gate, Malaysia
Torana Gate is a torana in Brickfields, Kuala Lumpur. The gate is a gift from the Government of India to Malaysia, as a mark of continued friendship between the two countries. It was influenced by Hindu and Buddhist architecture of the Indian subcontinent.

Brickfields, Kuala Lumpur
3°3′27.99″N 101°45′1.84″E﻿ / ﻿3.0577750°N 101.7505111°E﻿ / 3.0577750; 101.7505111

Brickfields is a neighbourhood (as well as an administrative zone) located on the western flank of central Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is known as Kuala Lumpur's Little India due to the high percentage of Indian residents and businesses. Brickfields has been ranked third in Airbnb's list of top trending destinations.

Brickfields is notable for being home to KL Sentral, Kuala Lumpur's central public transportation hub.
Little Circle
The Little Circle was a Manchester-based group of Non-conformist Liberals, mostly members of the Portico Library, who held a common agenda with regard to political and social reform. The first group met from 1815 onwards to campaign for expanded political representation and gain social reform in the United Kingdom. The second group operated from 1830 onwards and was key in creating the popular movement that resulted in the Reform Act 1832.

The Portico Library
The Portico Library, The Portico or Portico Library and Gallery on Mosley Street in Manchester, England, is an independent subscription library designed in the Greek Revival style by Thomas Harrison of Chester and built between 1802 and 1806. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a Grade II* listed building, having been designated on 25 February 1952, and has been described as "the most refined little building in Manchester".
Mount Orient
Mount Orient, 955 feet (291 meters), is a south-facing high point on an upland plateau overlooking the Connecticut River Valley in Pelham, Massachusetts (near Amherst, Massachusetts). Although the summit is wooded, a lower, south-facing ledge of exfoliating metamorphic rock provides views of the Holyoke Range and the east-central Pioneer Valley. Both the Metacomet-Monadnock Trail and the Robert Frost Trail (Massachusetts) traverse Mount Orient. The ledge is a popular hiking destination among college students and residents of nearby Amherst. Easiest access is via the Amethyst Brook Conservation Area parking lot on Pelham Road in east Amherst.

Mount Orient drains into Heatherstone Brook and Amethyst Brook, thence into Fort River, the Connecticut River, and Long Island Sound.

Long Island Sound
Long Island Sound is a marine sound and tidal estuary of the Atlantic Ocean. It lies predominantly between the U.S. state of Connecticut to the north and Long Island in New York state to the south. From west to east, the sound stretches 110 mi (180 km) from the East River and the Throgs Neck Bridge in New York City, along the North Shore of Long Island, to Block Island Sound. The sound forms part of the Intracoastal Waterway.

A mix of freshwater from tributaries, and saltwater from the Atlantic Ocean, Long Island Sound is 21 miles (34 km) at its widest point and varies in depth from 65 to 230 feet (20 to 70 m).
HM 1
HM 1, also known as Havlen-Moffat 1, is an open cluster located in the constellation of Scorpius, close to the galactic plane. It was first observed by R. J. Havlen and A. F. J. Moffat in 1976. HM 1 is thought to be 9,500 to 12,700 light-years (2,900 to 3,900 parsecs) away from the Earth, beyond the Carina–Sagittarius Arm. It is heavily reddened by interstellar extinction, so although it comprises mostly blue-colored stars, it appears brighter for longer-wavelength passbands. It is projected against the H II region known as RCW 121, and appears to be the source of ionization for the nearby regions RCW 122 and RCW 123.

Anthony Moffat
Anthony (Tony) F.J. Moffat is an emeritus professor of astronomy at the Université de Montréal in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He was appointed as a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 2001. Moffat's research focuses on massive stars (Wolf-Rayet stars in particular), stellar winds, binary stars, as well as the structure and dynamics of star formation regions and galaxies.
Lempereur
Lempereur is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dylan Lempereur (born 1998), French footballer

Ingrid Lempereur (born 1969), Belgian swimmer

Jean Lempereur (born 1938), French footballer

Jérémy Lempereur (born 1987), French footballer

Jérôme Lempereur (born 1973), French footballer

Lewis Lempereur-Palmer (born 1996), English actor

Martin Lempereur (died 1536), French printer and publisher

Rachel Lempereur (1896–1980), French politician

Rachel Lempereur
Rachel Odile Lempereur (14 February 1896 – 8 Octobers 1980) was a French politician. She was elected to the National Assembly in 1945 as one of the first group of French women in parliament. She served in the National Assembly until 1958.
Canadian Owners and Pilots Association
The Canadian Owners and Pilots Association (COPA) (French: Association canadienne des pilotes et propriétaires d'aéronefs) is a federally registered not-for-profit association that provides information and advocacy services for Canadian pilots who fly for non-commercial purposes.

COPA has 13,000 members from every province and territory in Canada. The organization's mission is to "Advance, Promote and Preserve the Canadian Freedom to Fly". Its members represent about 50% of all private and commercial pilots in the country.

Advocacy
Advocacy is the set of activities by individuals or groups intended to influence decisions within political, economic, and social institutions. It encompasses tactics ranging from grassroots organizing and media campaigns to lobbying, strategic litigation, and coalition-building, and aims to change laws, budgets, institutional practices, and public opinion. Advocacy can include many activities that a person or organization undertakes, including media campaigns, public speaking, commissioning and publishing research. Lobbying (often by lobby groups) is a form of advocacy where a direct approach is made to legislators on a specific issue or specific piece of legislation. Research has started to address how advocacy groups in the United States and Canada are using social media to facilitate civic engagement and collective action.
Aurecocrypta lugubris
Aurecocrypta lugubris, also known as the south-west brush-footed trapdoor spider, is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1994 by Australian arachnologist Robert Raven.

Robert Raven
Robert John Raven is an Australian arachnologist, being the Head of Terrestrial Biodiversity and the Senior Curator (Arachnida) at the Queensland Museum. Dr Raven has described over 450 species of spider in Australia and elsewhere, and is spider bite consultant to the Royal Brisbane Hospital, leading to much work on spider toxins.
Wakashimazu Mutsuo
Wakashimazu Mutsuo (若嶋津 六夫) (born 12 January 1957 as Mutsuo Hidaka) is a Japanese former sumo wrestler from Nakatane, Kagoshima, Japan. His highest rank was ōzeki. He won two top division yūshō or tournament championships. He retired in 1987 and founded Matsugane stable in 1990 (now known as Hanaregoma stable).

Mawashi
In sumo, a mawashi (廻し) is the loincloth that rikishi (sumo wrestlers) wear during training or in competition. Upper ranked professional wrestlers wear a keshō-mawashi as part of the ring entry ceremony or dohyō-iri.
Gerald Davies
Sir Thomas Gerald Reames Davies CBE DL (born 7 February 1945) is a Welsh former rugby union wing who played international rugby for Wales between 1966 and 1978 and was selected for two British Lions tours. He is one of a small group of Welsh players to have won three Grand Slams.

Grand Slam (rugby union)
In rugby union, a Grand Slam occurs when one team in the Six Nations Championship (or its Five Nations predecessor) beats all the others during one year's competition.  This has been achieved 42 times in total, for the first time by Wales in 1908, and most recently by the Irish team in 2023. The team with the most Grand Slams is England with 13.
It can also apply to the U20 and Women's Six Nations Championships.

In another context, a Grand Slam tour refers to a touring side – South Africa, Australia or New Zealand – which plays fixtures against all four home nations (England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales) during their tour. If the tourists win all of those matches, they are said to have achieved a Grand Slam. This has been done nine times, first by South Africa in 1912–13, and most recently by New Zealand in 2010.
1977 German Supercup
The 1977 German Supercup was an unofficial edition of the German Supercup, a football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Bundesliga and DFB-Pokal competitions.

The match was played at the Volksparkstadion in Hamburg, and contested by league champions Borussia Mönchengladbach and cup winners Hamburger SV. Gladbach won the match 3–2 to claim the unofficial title.

Volksparkstadion
Volksparkstadion (German pronunciation: [ˈfɔlkspaʁkˌʃtaːdi̯ɔn] ⓘ) is a football stadium in Hamburg, Germany, with a capacity of 57,000, which makes it the eighth largest stadium in Germany. It has served as the home ground of Bundesliga side Hamburger SV since 1953.

The Volksparkstadion has additionally served as the home ground for FC Shakhtar Donetsk in continental competition during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, and as a stadium for the Germany national football team. Recently, it has served as a host stadium for both the 2006 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2024.
Lykoudis
Lykoudis (Greek: Λυκούδης) is a Greek surname, derived from the Greek word for wolf (Greek: λύκος, lykos).

Notable people with the surname include:

Georgios Lykoudis (born 1964), Greek volleyball player

John Lykoudis (1910–1980), Greek doctor

Spyros Lykoudis (born 1945), Greek politician

Stylianos Lykoudis (1878–1958), Greek admiral

Spyros Lykoudis
Spyros Lykoudis (born 1945), a Greek politician, has been a political activist of the Renewing Left for five decades. He was elected a Member of the Hellenic National Parliament with the Democratic Left (DIMAR), assuming office on May 27, 2012, in the 2012 elections. He declared his independence from the Democratic Left in September 2014 and in October 2014 he constituted the Reformers for Democracy and Development.
1947–48 Nationalliga A
The following is the summary of the Swiss National League in the 1947–48 football season, both Nationalliga A and Nationalliga B. This was the 51st season of top-tier and the 50th season of second-tier football in Switzerland.

Urania Genève Sport
Urania Genève Sport is a Swiss omnisport club based in Geneva, canton of Geneva. Its football section was founded in 1896. The team currently play in 2. Liga Interregional, the fifth tier of Swiss football.
125th US Colored Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 125th United States Colored Infantry Regiment, (USCI) part of the United States Colored Troops (USCT), was an African-American unit formed during the final months of the American Civil War. Organized in Louisville, Kentucky, between February 12 and June 2, 1865, the regiment was the last of its type to be formed, thus not participating in active combat during the war itself. The regiment performed garrison and guard duties, initially around Louisville then in New Mexico. It was officially disbanded and paid off in Louisville on December 20, 1867, the last of the USCT units to be mustered out.

New Mexico Territory
The Territory of New Mexico was an organized incorporated territory of the United States from September 9, 1850, until January 6, 1912. It was created from the U.S. provisional government of New Mexico, as a result of Nuevo México becoming part of the American frontier after the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. It existed with varying boundaries until the territory was admitted to the Union as the U.S. state of New Mexico in 1912. This jurisdiction was an organized, incorporated territory of the US for nearly 62 years, the longest period of any territory in the contiguous United States.
Russian Americans in New York City
New York City is home to the largest Russian or Russophone population in the Western Hemisphere. The largest Russian-American communities in New York City are located in Brighton Beach and Sheepshead Bay in Brooklyn. Brighton Beach has been nicknamed Little Odessa due to its population of Russian-speaking immigrants from the former Soviet Union.

Western Hemisphere
The Western Hemisphere is the half of the planet Earth that lies west of the Prime Meridian and east of the 180th meridian. The other half is called the Eastern Hemisphere. In the United States, the term "Western Hemisphere" is often used as a metonym for the Americas, even though geographically, the hemisphere also includes parts of other continents.
Larissa Saveliev
Larissa Saveliev (Russian: Лари́са Саве́льева) is a former Bolshoi Ballet dancer and the Founder and Artistic Director of YAGP, – the world's largest student ballet scholarship competition. She is also a producer of various performing arts events in the U.S. and around the world.

Bolshoi Ballet
The Bolshoi Ballet is an internationally renowned classical ballet company based at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow, Russia. Founded in 1776, the Bolshoi is among the world's oldest ballet companies. In the early 20th century, it came to international prominence as Moscow became the capital of Soviet Russia. The Bolshoi has been recognised as one of the foremost ballet companies in the world. It has a branch at the Bolshoi Ballet Theater School in Joinville, Brazil.
Kolyshleysky District
Kolyshleysky District (Russian: Колышле́йский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-seven in Penza Oblast, Russia. It is in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,685 square kilometers (651 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Kolyshley. Population: 26,187 (2010 Census);  27,751 (2002 Census); 29,125 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kolyshley accounts for 31.7% of the district's total population.

Penza Oblast
Penza Oblast (Russian: Пензенская область, IPA: [ˈpʲenzʲɪnskəjə ˈobɫəsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Penza. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,266,348. It was formed in 1939 on the territory detached from neighboring Tambov Oblast.
Madonna and Child (Francesco Solimena)
Madonna and Child is a 1720 oil on canvas painting by Francesco Solimena, a prolific Italian painter of the Baroque era, one of an established family of painters and draughtsmen. It is now in the Art Gallery of South Australia.

Francesco Solimena
Francesco Solimena (4 October 1657 – 3 April 1747) was a prolific Italian Baroque painter, one of an established family of painters and draughtsmen. In his early years, influenced above all by Luca Giordano and Mattia Preti, he developed a highly personal and dramatic handling of light and shade, yet his later art reveals a tendency towards a more restrained classicism. Solimena had many pupils, making him one of the strongest influence in Neapolitan painting of the early 18th century.
Texas State Cemetery
The Texas State Cemetery (TSC) is a cemetery located on about 22 acres (8.9 ha) just east of downtown Austin, the capital of the U.S. state of Texas. Originally the burial place of Edward Burleson, Texas Revolutionary general and vice-president of the Republic of Texas, it was expanded into a Confederate cemetery during the Civil War. Later it was expanded again to include the graves and cenotaphs of prominent Texans and their spouses.

It is a popular tourist attraction and colloquially referred to as the "Arlington of Texas" because of the renown of those interred and proximity to the seat of government.

The cemetery is divided into two sections. The smaller one contains around 900 graves of prominent Texans, while the larger has over 2,000 marked graves of Confederate veterans and widows.  There is room for 7,500 interments; the cemetery is about half full, after including plots chosen by people who are eligible for burial.

Texas Revolution
The Texas Revolution (October 2, 1835 – April 21, 1836) was a rebellion by Anglo-American immigrants as well as Hispanic Texans (known as Texians and Tejanos respectively) against the centralist government of Mexico in the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas. The uprising was part of a larger revolt against the Centralist Republic of Mexico that included other provinces opposed to the regime of President Antonio López de Santa Anna. The Mexican Congress passed the Tornel Decree, declaring that any foreigners fighting against Mexican troops "will be deemed pirates and dealt with as such, being citizens of no nation presently at war with the Republic and fighting under no recognized flag". Only the province of Texas succeeded in breaking with Mexico, establishing the Republic of Texas. It was eventually annexed by the United States about a decade later.