hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Second Samoan Civil War
The Second Samoan Civil War was a conflict that reached a head in 1898 when Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States were locked in dispute over who should have control over the Samoan island chain, located in the South Pacific Ocean.

At the war's conclusion in 1899, the United States were granted the eastern section of the islands, the Germans were granted the western section of the islands, and the British were given the northern Solomon Islands of Choiseul, Isabel and the Shortland Islands that had formerly belonged to Germany. The German half was occupied and annexed by New Zealand in 1914 and is now an independent nation – Samoa. The U.S. half still remains under the control of the U.S. government as the territory of American Samoa.

Choiseul Island
Choiseul Island, native name Lauru, is the largest island (2,971 km2 (1,147 sq mi)) of the Choiseul Province, Solomon Islands, at 7°05′S 157°00′E﻿ / ﻿7.08°S 157°E﻿ / -7.08; 157. The administrative headquarters of Choiseul Province is situated in the town of Taro, on Taro Island.
Hans Peter Schlickewei
Hans Peter Schlickewei (born 1947) is a German mathematician, specializing in number theory and, in particular, the theory of transcendental numbers.

Schlickewei received his doctorate in 1975 at the University of Freiburg under the supervision of Theodor Schneider. Schlickewei is a professor at the University of Marburg.

He proved in 1976 the p-adic generalization of the subspace theorem of Wolfgang M. Schmidt. Schlickewei's theorem implies the Thue-Siegel-Roth theorem, whose p-adic analogue was already proved in 1958 by David Ridout.

In 1998, Schlickewei was an invited speaker with talk The Subspace Theorem and Applications at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Berlin.

International Congress of Mathematicians
The International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) is the largest conference for the topic of mathematics. It meets once every four years, hosted by the International Mathematical Union (IMU).

The Fields Medals, the IMU Abacus Medal (known before 2022 as the Nevanlinna Prize), the Gauss Prize, and the Chern Medal are awarded during the congress's opening ceremony. Each congress is memorialized by a printed set of Proceedings recording academic papers based on invited talks intended to be relevant to current topics of general interest. Being invited to talk at the ICM has been called "the equivalent ... of an induction to a hall of fame".
Hiten Dalal
Hiten Dalal (born 25 September 1994) is an Indian cricketer. He made his List A debut for Delhi in the 2017–18 Vijay Hazare Trophy on 5 February 2018. He made his first-class debut for Delhi in the 2018–19 Ranji Trophy on 12 November 2018. He was the leading run-scorer for Delhi in the tournament, with 376 runs in seven matches. He made his Twenty20 debut for Delhi in the 2018–19 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy on 21 February 2019.

2018–19 Ranji Trophy
The 2018–19 Ranji Trophy was the 85th season of the Ranji Trophy, the premier first-class cricket tournament that took place in India between November 2018 and February 2019. Vidarbha were the defending champions. The final took place between Vidarbha and Saurashtra, starting on 3 February 2019. Vidarbha defeated Saurashtra by 78 runs in the final, to become the sixth team in the tournament's history to retain their title.
Mornen noir
Mornen noir is a red French wine grape variety that was historically grown in both the Rhône and Loire departments but is today only found in very limited plantings around the commune of Chavanay.

DNA profiling has revealed a potential parent-offspring relationship between Mornen noir and Chasselas. At one time Mornen noir was thought to be a dark-berried color mutation of Chasselas. ('Mornen' is itself a synonym of 'Chasselas'.) While ampelographers have confirmed that Mornen noir is not a Chasselas color mutation, the grape's exact relationship with Chasselas has not yet been determined.

It was thought that the grape was also to be found growing in Hungary under the names Kékmedoc and Medoc noir, but DNA analysis has confirmed that the Hungarian plantings are actually a separate variety now known as Menoir (which is listed in the Vitis International Variety Catalogue a cross between Chasselas and Muscat D'Eisenstadt.)

Hungarian wine
Hungarian wine has a history dating back to the Kingdom of Hungary. Outside Hungary, the best-known wines are the white dessert wine Tokaji aszú (particularly in the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia) and the red wine Bull's Blood of Eger (Egri Bikavér).
Tummel hydro-electric power scheme
The Tummel hydro-electric power scheme is an interconnected network of dams, power stations, aqueducts and electric power transmission in the Grampian Mountains of Scotland. Roughly bounded by Dalwhinnie in the north, Rannoch Moor in the west and Pitlochry in the east it comprises a water catchment area of around 1,800 square kilometres (690 square miles)  and primary water storage at Loch Ericht, Loch Errochty, Loch Rannoch and Loch Tummel, in Perth and Kinross.  Water, depending on where it originates and the path it takes, may pass through as many as five of the schemes nine power stations as it progresses from north-west to south-east. The scheme was constructed in the 1940s and 50s incorporating some earlier sites.  It is managed by SSE plc.

Abernethy, Perth and Kinross
Abernethy is a village and former burgh in the Perth and Kinross council area and historic county of Perthshire, in the east central Lowlands of Scotland. The village is situated in rural Strathearn, 8 miles (13 km) south-east of the city of Perth, near the River Earn's confluence with the River Tay and on the northern edge of the Ochil Hills.

Formerly the site of a number of Roman encampments, Abernethy became an important Pictish religious and political centre. The village was the setting for the Treaty of Abernethy, where Malcolm Canmore gave allegiance to William the Conqueror and its mediaeval round tower marks the site of a former abbey and, later, collegiate church.

The civil parish of Abernethy also contains the nearby settlement of Aberargie and traditionally extends to Mugdrum Island in the Firth of Tay. It is part of the Almond and Earn ward for elections to Perth and Kinross Council
Ildefonso Altarpiece
The Ildefonso Altarpiece is a triptych painting by Peter Paul Rubens, dating to between 1630 and 1631. It is now in the Kunsthistorisches Museum, in Vienna.

It is named after the central panel, which shows Saint Ildefonsus's vision of the Virgin Mary, in which she gave him a casula. On the side panels are Isabella Clara Eugenia and Albert VII, regents of the Spanish Netherlands, with their patron saints Albert  and Elisabeth of Hungary. Albert had founded the Ildefonso Brotherhood in the Church of St. James on Coudenberg in Brussels, to encourage loyalty to the Habsburg dynasty - the altarpiece was commissioned for the Brotherhood by his widow shortly after his death.

Chasuble
The chasuble (/ˈtʃæzjʊbəl/) is the outermost liturgical vestment worn by clergy for the celebration of the Eucharist in Western-tradition Christian churches that use full vestments, primarily in Roman Catholic, Anglican, and Lutheran churches. In the Eastern Orthodox Church and in the Eastern Catholic Churches, the equivalent vestment is the phelonion.

"The vestment proper to the priest celebrant at Mass and other sacred actions directly connected with Mass is, unless otherwise indicated, the chasuble, worn over the alb and stole" (General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 337). Like the stole, it is normally of the liturgical colour of the Mass being celebrated.
Last Mountain Lake 80A
Last Mountain Lake 80A is a shared Indian reserve in Saskatchewan, used by the Day Star, George Gordon, Kawacatoose, Muscowpetung, Muskowekwan, Pasqua, and Piapot First Nations. It is in Township 21, Range 21, west of the Second Meridian.

The reserve is located on the western shore of Last Mountain Lake, on the west side of Regina Beach. It surrounds Little Arm Bay, which is where Arm River flows into the lake. The hamlet of Kinookimaw is with the reserve.

Kinookimaw
Kinookimaw is a hamlet in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The name comes from the Cree name kinokamâw "it is a long body of water".

It is situated on the shores of Last Mountain Lake, adjacent to Regina Beach.
2021–22 National League 2 North
The 2021–22 National League 2 North was the twelfth season (34th overall) of the fourth tier (north) of the English domestic rugby union competitions since the professionalised format of the second division was introduced.

Hull were crowned champions on 23 April 2022, when they played their last but one match of the season at home to local rivals Hull Ionians, beating them with a final minute try, 31–29 in front of a crowd of 950. Hull were promoted to National One for the 2022–23 seasom. Owing to the reorganisation of the national leagues, there was no play-off match and Sedgley Park continued to play at this level. Huddersfield (15th) and Harrogate (16th) also continued to play at this level, due to the increase of tier 4 leagues from two to three.

Champ Rugby
Champ Rugby (formerly the RFU Championship) is an English rugby union competition among fourteen clubs. It is the second level of men's English rugby and is played by both professional and semi-professional players. The competition has existed since 1987, when English clubs were first organised into leagues. Historically the competition provided automatic promotion to the top-flight PREM Rugby, but following a vote by the RFU Council on 27 February 2026, automatic promotion and relegation between the two tiers was abolished from the 2026–27 season. Champ Rugby remains a required pathway to the PREM under the new criteria-based expansion model, under which any club seeking admission to the PREM must first have played at least one season in the Champ.
Snow Hill, Kanawha County, West Virginia
Snow Hill is an unincorporated community in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States. Snow Hill is 4 miles (6.4 km) southeast of downtown Charleston.

The community was descriptively named on account of nearby salt deposits.

Kanawha County, West Virginia
Kanawha County (/kəˈnɔːə/ kə-NAW-ə) is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 180,745, making it West Virginia's most populous county. The county seat is Charleston, which is also the state capital and most populous city.
Kanawha County is part of the Charleston, WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Biswapati Sarkar
Biswapati Sarkar is an Indian Screenwriter and Producer working with Posham Pa Pictures, a production house he co-founded with Sameer Saxena, Amit Golani and Saurabh Khanna. Sarkar previously worked as the Executive Creative Director and Writer at The Viral Fever (TVF).

He is also known as 'Arnub' for of his parody of Arnab Goswami in his YouTube sketch series Barely Speaking with Arnub. In his series, various celebrities have been featured (including politicians) such as Shahrukh Khan, Ranveer Singh, Parineeti Chopra, Ali Zafar, Sunny Leone, Arvind Kejriwal, Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Anil Kapoor and Chetan Bhagat.

He is also the writer of web series such as Kaala Paani, TVF Pitchers and Permanent Roommates and films like Jaadugar and Fighter.

Nawazuddin Siddiqui
Nawazuddin Siddiqui ([nəˈwaːzʊdːiːn sɪdːiːqi:]; born 19 May 1974) is an Indian actor known for his work in Hindi cinema. He is the recipient of various accolades, including a National Film Award, an IIFA Award, and two Filmfare Awards, as well as a nomination for an International Emmy. After studying acting at the National School of Drama, Siddiqui had minor roles in films such as Sarfarosh (1999), Shool (1999), and Munna Bhai M.B.B.S (2003).

Siddiqui first gained recognition for his role in Anurag Kashyap's Black Friday (2004) and the 2012 Gangs of Wasseypur duology. Further success came for his supporting roles in The Lunchbox (2013), for which he won a Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor; Kick (2014); and Bajrangi Bhaijaan (2015). He went on to gain critical acclaim for his roles in Raman Raghav 2.0 (2016), Raees (2017), Mom (2017), and Manto (2018).

He has also starred in two Emmy-nominated series, Sacred Games (2018–2019) and the British McMafia (2018).
Peter Baumgartner (footballer)
Peter Baumgartner is a Swiss former footballer who played as a forward.

Baumgartner joined FC Basel's first team for their 1950–51 season under player-coach Ernst Hufschmid. Baumgartner made his domestic league debut for the club on 5 November 1950 as Basel lost 5–0 away to Locarno.

Baumgartner played one season for Basel. He played four games without scoring a goal. Three of these games were in the Nationalliga A and the other was the test game. The test match was against Bolton Wanderers on 22 May 1950 and Basel won by one goal to nil.

FC Basel
Fussball Club Basel 1893, widely known as FC Basel, FCB, or just Basel, is a Swiss professional football club based in Basel, in the Canton of Basel-Stadt. Formed in 1893, the club has been Swiss national champions 21 times, Swiss Cup winners 14 times, and Swiss League Cup winners once.

Basel competed in UEFA competitions for 25 consecutive seasons between 1999–2000 and 2023–2024. They have qualified for the group stage of the Champions League more times than any other Swiss club – a total of seven times – and are the only Swiss club to have ever qualified to the said phase directly. In 2021, they set the new record for a Swiss team with the most successful international group stage campaign by reaching 14 points in their Europa Conference League group. Since 2001, the club has played its home games at St. Jakob-Park, built on the site of their previous home, St. Jakob Stadium. Their home colours are red and blue, leading to a nickname of RotBlau.
San Pietro Mosezzo
San Pietro Mosezzo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 miles) northeast of Turin and about 5 kilometres (3 miles) west of Novara.

San Pietro Mosezzo is divided into four frazioni (wards)—San Pietro (chef-lieu), Cesto, Mosezzo and Nibbia—and three hamlets—Cascinazza, San Stefano and Torre San Pietrina (San Pietro Mosezzo's industrial park). The Canale Cavour flows across the town.

San Pietro Mosezzo borders the following municipalities: Biandrate, Briona, Caltignaga, Casaleggio Novara, Casalino, Novara, and Vicolungo.

Province of Novara
The province of Novara (Italian: provincia di Novara) is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Novara.

In 1992, the new province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola was created through the fusion of three geographical areas which had previously been part of the province of Novara.

It has an area of 1,339 square kilometres (517 sq mi) and a population of 362,925 (2021). The province contains 87 comuni (sg.: comune) (see list of comuni of the province of Novara).
USS Cohoes
Two ships of the United States Navy have been named Cohoes after the city of Cohoes, New York.

USS Cohoes (1865) was a light draft monitor.

USS Cohoes (AN-78) was a net laying ship launched 29 November 1944 by the Commercial Iron Works, in Portland, Oregon.

USS Cohoes (AN-78)
USS Cohoes (YN-97/AN-78/ANL-78) was a Cohoes-class net laying ship which was assigned to protect United States Navy ships and harbors during World War II with her anti-submarine nets. Her World War II career was short lived; however, she was recommissioned during the Vietnam War where she earned nine campaign stars.
Domenic Cassisi
Domenic Cassisi (born 22 September 1982) is a former premiership winning Australian rules footballer with the Port Adelaide Football Club, and was the club's 62nd captain from 2009 to 2012. He was recruited in the 2000 AFL draft with pick 50, and is a member of Port Adelaide's 2004 premiership side.

2000 AFL draft
The 2000 AFL draft was the annual draft of talented Australian rules football players by teams that participate in the Australian Football League.  It consisted of a pre-season draft, a national draft, a trade period and a rookie elevation.

In 2000 there were 87 picks to be drafted between 16 teams in the national draft. The St Kilda Football Club received the first pick in the national draft after finishing on the bottom of the ladder during the 2000 AFL season.
Lennart Hannelius
Lennart Vilhelm Hannelius (8 November 1893 – 4 May 1950) was a Finnish sport shooter who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. He won the bronze medal in the 25 m rapid fire pistol event.

He led the Finnish shooting team at the 1927 World Shooting Championships in Rome.

ISSF World Shooting Championships
The ISSF World Shooting Championships are governed by the International Shooting Sport Federation. These championships, including all ISSF shooting events, are held every four years since 1954. For the shotgun events only, there is an additional World Championship competition in odd years.
Boy Culture (novel)
Boy Culture is a 1995 novel by Matthew Rettenmund. It centers on a call boy in the city of Chicago, Illinois and his two roommates. The protagonist goes by X throughout the book in order to maintain his anonymity. In 2006, it was adapted into a movie by filmmaker Q. Allan Brocka, starring Patrick Bauchau, Darryl Stephens, Emily Stiles, and newcomer Derek Magyar as "X". Award Nominated writers Craig Hepworth and Adele Stanhope are adapting the novel to the stage, Boy Culture the play will open August 2012 in Manchester, UK and will be produced by Vertigo Theatre Productions.

Patrick Bauchau
Patrick Nicolas Jean Sixte Ghislain Bauchau (born 6 December 1938) is a Belgian actor best known for his roles in the films A View to a Kill, The Rapture and Panic Room. On television, he was a main cast member in the NBC series The Pretender and the HBO drama Carnivàle, as well as making notable guest appearances in series such as Columbo and House, M.D..
Samuel Folsom
Samuel Bruce Folsom (July 24, 1920 – November 12, 2022) was an American marine pilot. He received the Distinguished Flying Cross and a Purple Heart.

The Library of Congress has information on him in its Veterans History Project Collection including a video interview.

He wrote a memoir. He died on November 12, 2022, at the age of 102.

Maritime pilot
A maritime pilot, marine pilot, harbor pilot, port pilot, ship pilot, or simply pilot, is a mariner who has specific knowledge of an often dangerous or congested waterway, such as harbors or river mouths. Maritime pilots know local details such as depth, currents, and hazards. They board and temporarily join the crew to safely guide the ship's passage, so they must also have expertise in handling ships of all types and sizes. Obtaining the title "maritime pilot" requires being licensed or authorised by a recognised pilotage authority.
Xestia rhaetica
Xestia rhaetica is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in northern Europe, central Fennoscandia, northern Russia and further east to Siberia. It is also present in the Tatra Mountains and the Bohemian Forest. In the Alps it is found on altitudes between 1,000 and 2,500 meters, but it is found at sea level in northern Europe. The species is also present in the Nearctic, including New York.

The wingspan is 38–45 mm. Adults are on the wing from July to August in one generation.

The larvae mainly feed on Vaccinium myrtillus.

Fennoscandia
Fennoscandia (Finnish, Swedish and Norwegian: Fennoskandia; Russian: Фенноскандия, romanized: Fennoskandiya), Fenno-Scandinavia, or the Fennoscandian Peninsula, is a peninsula in Europe which includes the Scandinavian and Kola peninsulas, mainland Finland, and Karelia. Administratively, this roughly encompasses the mainlands of Finland, Norway and Sweden, as well as Murmansk Oblast, the Republic of Karelia, and parts of northern Leningrad Oblast in Russia.
Emily Husband
Emily Husband is an English professional football manager and former footballer who managed Australian A-League Women's team Central Coast Mariners FC. In her second season in charge, Husband's team won the 2025 grand final securing their first League Championship. She is the assistant coach of Australia women's national soccer team (Matildas) since mid-2025.

University of Texas at Brownsville
The University of Texas at Brownsville (abbreviated as UTB and formerly known as the University of Texas at Brownsville and Texas Southmost College [UTB/TSC]) was an educational institution located in Brownsville, Texas. The university was on the land once occupied by Fort Brown. It was a member of the University of Texas System. The institution was formed from a 1991 partnership between the two-year Texas Southmost College and  University of Texas-Pan American at Brownsville. The partnership ended in 2011 as UTB became a standalone University of Texas institution, and Texas Southmost College returned to being an independent community college. UTB itself offered baccalaureate and graduate degrees in liberal arts, sciences, education, business, and professional programs.

In 2015, the UT Brownsville merged with UT–Pan American, to form The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley.
Li Zi
Li Zi (李滋) (died 897), formally the Prince of Tong (通王), was an imperial prince of the Chinese Tang dynasty. He was the favorite son of Emperor Xuānzong, but was unable to take the throne after Emperor Xuānzong's death, as his older brother Li Wen (Emperor Yizong) was chosen by the eunuch Wang Zongshi (王宗實), who overpowered other eunuchs who supported Li Zi. Later, during the reign of Emperor Yizong's son (Li Zi's nephew) Emperor Zhaozong, Emperor Zhaozong tried to commission imperial princes to command armies to counteract the powerful warlords (jiedushi) and eunuchs. In response, in 897, when Emperor Zhaozong had to flee to the domain of one of the warlords, Han Jian, Han falsely accused 11 imperial princes, including Li Zi, of treason, and massacred them without approval from Emperor Zhaozong.

Old Book of Tang
The Old Book of Tang, or simply the Book of Tang, is the first classic historical work about the Tang dynasty, comprising 200 chapters, and is one of the Twenty-Four Histories. Originally compiled during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (10th century AD), it was superseded by the New Book of Tang, which was compiled in the Song dynasty, but later regained acceptance.

The credited editor was chief minister Liu Xu, but the bulk (if not all) of the editing work was actually completed by his predecessor Zhao Ying. The authors include Zhang Zhao, Jia Wei (賈緯), and Zhao Xi (趙熙).
Corine van der Zijden
Corine van der Zijden (born 16 November 1995) is a Dutch former professional racing cyclist, who rode for UCI Women's Team Feminine Cycling Team in 2015. In 2012, she won the junior women's time trial at the UEC European Road Championships.

UCI Women's Team
A UCI Women's Team is a women's road bicycle team sanctioned by the International Cycling Union (UCI). These teams compete in the major women's bicycle races, including the UCI Women's World Tour. The country designation of each team is determined by the country of registration of most of its riders and is not necessarily the country where the team is registered or based.
China women's national under-23 volleyball team
The China women's national under-23 volleyball team represents China in women's under-23 volleyball events, it is controlled and managed by the Chinese Volleyball Association that is a member of Asian volleyball body Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) and the international volleyball body government the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB).

Chinese Volleyball Association
Chinese Volleyball Association (中国排球协会) is a national non-governmental, nonprofit sports organization in the People's Republic of China. It represents China in the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball and the Asian Volleyball Confederation, as well as the volleyball sports in the All-China Sports Federation. It also manages men's and women's national volleyball team of China and organizes Chinese Volleyball Super League.