hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2021 Tver Oblast gubernatorial election
The 2021 Tver Oblast gubernatorial election was held on 17–19 September 2021, on common election day, coinciding with election to the State Duma. Incumbent Governor Igor Rudenya was reelected for his second term.

Konakovsky District
Konakovsky District  (Russian: Конако́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast and borders with Kimrsky District in the northeast, the town of Dubna, Moscow Oblast, in the east, Dmitrovsky District of Moscow Oblast in the southeast, Klinsky District of Moscow Oblast in the south, Lotoshinsky District of Moscow Oblast in the southwest, and with Kalininsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,114 square kilometers (816 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Konakovo. Population: 87,125 (2010 Census);  49,692 (2002 census); 55,101 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Konakovo accounts for 47.4% of the district's total population.
X Factor (Italian TV series) season 12
X Factor is an Italian television music competition to find new singing talent; the winner receives a recording contract with Sony Music. Fedez and Manuel Agnelli have been as judges and mentors, Mara Maionchi is returned, also Alessandro Cattelan was confirmed as host. The twelfth season was aired on Sky Uno and TV8 since September 2018. Asia Argento was part of the season line up but was subsequently removed following sexual abuse allegations Lodo Guenzi replaced her in the live shows.

TV8 (Italian TV channel)
TV8 is a digital-terrestrial free-to-air Italian general entertainment TV channel owned by Sky Italia through its subsidiary company Nuova Società Televisiva Italiana S.r.l. The channel is allocated at number 8 of the Italian virtual channel list.
Fermat curve
In mathematics, the Fermat curve is the algebraic curve in the complex projective plane defined in homogeneous coordinates (X:Y:Z) by the Fermat equation:

Therefore, in terms of the affine plane its equation is:

An integer solution to the Fermat equation would correspond to a nonzero rational number solution to the affine equation, and vice versa. But by Fermat's Last Theorem it is now known that (for n > 2) there are no nontrivial integer solutions to the Fermat equation; therefore, the Fermat curve has no nontrivial rational points.

The Fermat curve is non-singular and has genus:

This means genus 0 for the case n = 2 (a conic) and genus 1 only for n = 3 (an elliptic curve). The Jacobian variety of the Fermat curve has been studied in depth. It is isogenous to a product of simple abelian varieties with complex multiplication.

The Fermat curve also has gonality:

Euclidean plane
In mathematics, a Euclidean plane is a Euclidean space of dimension two, denoted  or . It is a geometric space in which two real numbers are required to determine the position of each point. It is an affine space, which includes in particular the concept of parallel lines. It has also metrical properties induced by a distance, which allows to define circles, and angle measurement.

A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian coordinate system is called a Cartesian plane.
The set  of the ordered pairs of real numbers (the real coordinate plane), equipped with the dot product, is often called the Euclidean plane or standard Euclidean plane, since every Euclidean plane is isomorphic to it.
T-ara Single Complete Best Album "Queen of Pops"
T-ara Single Complete Best Album "Queen of Pops" (stylized as T-ARA Single Complete BEST ALBUM "Queen of Pops") is the second greatest hits album by South Korean girl group T-ara. It was released on July 2, 2014 by EMI Music Japan. The album contains all of T-ara's Japanese singles released up to their third and final Japanese album, Gossip Girls, including the sub-unit QBS's single "Kaze no Yō ni", as well as other tracks that T-ara had recorded for their three previous Japanese albums.

EMI Music Japan
EMI Music Japan Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社EMIミュージック・ジャパン, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha EMI Music Japan), formerly Toshiba EMI (東芝イーエムアイ株式会社, Tōshiba EMI Kabushiki-gaisha), was one of Japan's leading music companies. It became a wholly owned subsidiary of British music company EMI Group Ltd. on June 30, 2007, after Toshiba sold off its previous 45% stake. Its CEO and president was Kazuhiko Koike. When EMI Music Japan was trading as Toshiba-EMI, it was involved with the production of anime. On April 1, 2013, the company became defunct, following its absorption into Universal Music Japan as a sublabel under the name EMI Records Japan.
Fundulus dispar
The Starhead topminnow (Fundulus dispar) is a native United States species that ranges from the Ouachita River drainage in Louisiana, the Big Black river in Mississippi, and extends northward into the Mississippi River and Lake Michigan basins to the southern Michigan and southern Wisconsin areas. The Starhead topminnow is endangered due to the removal of aquatic vegetation and the continued development of land that infringes on its habitat.

Ouachita River
The Ouachita River (/ˈwɑːʃɪtɑː/ WAH-shi-tah) is a 605-mile-long (974 km) river that runs south and east through the U.S. states of Arkansas and Louisiana, joining the Tensas River to form the Black River near Jonesville, Louisiana. It is the 25th-longest river in the United States (by main stem).
International Journal of Nanomedicine
The International Journal of Nanomedicine  is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering research on the application of nanotechnology in diagnostics, therapeutics, and drug delivery systems throughout the biomedical field. The journal was established in 2006 and is published by Dove Medical Press.

Therapy
A therapy or medical treatment is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a medical diagnosis. Both words, treatment and therapy, are often abbreviated tx, Tx, or Tx.

As a rule, each therapy has indications and contraindications.  There are many different types of therapy.  Not all therapies are effective.  Many therapies can produce unwanted adverse effects.

Treatment and therapy are often synonymous, especially in the usage of health professionals. However,  in the context of mental health, the term therapy may refer specifically to psychotherapy.

A therapist is a person who offers any modality of therapy. Therapist refers to trained professionals engaged in providing services any kind of treatment or rehabilitation.
Listed buildings in Tarbock
Tarbock is a village in Knowsley, Merseyside, England.  It contains two buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings, both of which are listed at Grade II.  This grade is the lowest of the three gradings given to listed buildings and is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".

Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley
The Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley is a metropolitan borough in Merseyside, North West England. It covers several towns and villages, including Kirkby, Prescot, Huyton, Roby, Whiston, Halewood, Cronton  and Stockbridge Village; Kirkby, Huyton, and Prescot being the major commercial centres. It takes its name from the village of Knowsley, though its headquarters are in Huyton. It forms part of the wider Liverpool City Region.

Within the boundaries of the historic county of Lancashire, the borough was formed on 1 April 1974 by the merger of Huyton-with-Roby Urban District, Kirkby Urban District and Prescot Urban District, along with most of Whiston Rural District and a small part of West Lancashire Rural District, all from the administrative county of Lancashire.

It is known for Knowsley Hall and Knowsley Safari Park.
Herschelle Gibbs
Herschelle Herman Gibbs (born 23 February 1974) is a South African cricket coach and former cricketer, who played all formats of the game for fourteen years. A right-handed batsman, who mostly opened the batting, Gibbs became the first player to hit six consecutive sixes in one over in One Day International (ODI) cricket, doing so against the Netherlands in the 2007 Cricket World Cup.

Regarded as one of the most naturally talented cricketers South Africa has ever produced, Gibbs was also known as an excellent fielder. A report by ESPNcricinfo in 2005 showed that since the 1999 Cricket World Cup, he had effected the eighth highest number of run-outs in ODI cricket of any fieldsman, with the tenth highest success rate.

Diocesan College
The Diocesan College (commonly known as Bishops) is a private, English medium, boarding and day high school for boys situated in the suburb of Rondebosch in Cape Town in the Western Cape province of South Africa. The school was established on 2 October 1849 by the Anglican Bishop of Cape Town.
Haseeb Ahsan
Haseeb Ahsan (Urdu: حسيب احسن; 15 July 1939 – 8 March 2013) was a Pakistani cricketer who played 12 Test matches for Pakistan between 1958 and 1962. A right-arm off spinner, he took 27 wickets in Test cricket at an average of 49.25, including two five-wicket hauls. During his first-class career, he played 49 matches and took 142 wickets at an average of 27.71. Former Pakistan cricketer Waqar Hasan said about him that he "was a fighter to the core and served Pakistan cricket with honour and dignity."

Ahsan had conflicts with former Pakistan captain Javed Burki. A controversy regarding his bowling action resulted in the premature end of his international career when he was only 23. He worked as chief selector, team manager of Pakistan, and member of the 1987 Cricket World Cup organising committee. He died in Karachi on 8 March 2013, aged 73.

Wicket
In the sport of cricket, the term wicket has several meanings:

It is either of the two sets of three stumps and two bails at each end of the pitch. The fielding team's players can hit the wicket with the ball in a number of ways to get a batter out. 
The wicket is guarded by a batter who, with their bat (and sometimes with their pads, but see the laws on LBW, leg before wicket), attempts to prevent the ball from hitting the wicket (if it does, they may be bowled) and to score runs where possible.

Through metonymic usage, the dismissal of a batter is known as the taking of a wicket.

The cricket pitch itself is sometimes referred to as the wicket.
Darren Moulding
Darren Moulding (born December 2, 1982) is a Canadian curler from Langdon, Alberta. He currently coaches Team Thomas Scoffin. He is a former Canadian Junior Silver Medallist, a Canadian Mixed Champion, and represented Alberta in the 2017, 2018, 2020 and Team Wild Card in the 2019 Brier Canadian men's championship.

Langdon, Alberta
Langdon is a hamlet in southern Alberta, Canada under the jurisdiction of Rocky View County. It previously held village status between August 31, 1907, and January 1, 1946.

Langdon is located 12 km (7.5 mi) east of the City of Calgary at the intersection of Highway 560 (Glenmore Trail) and Highway 797, approximately 6 km (3.7 mi) south of the Trans Canada Highway and 7 km (4.3 mi) north of Highway 22X. It has an elevation of 1,005 m (3,297 ft).

The hamlet is located in Census Division No. 6 and in the federal riding of Bow River.  The hamlet is represented in federal government by Member of Parliament Martin Shields and in municipal government by Councillor Al Schule.
Buggerru
Buggerru is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sulcis Iglesiente in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Cagliari and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Carbonia.

Derek Jarman's 1976 film Sebastiane was shot near the comune.

Buggerru borders the following municipalities: Fluminimaggiore, Iglesias.

Iglesias, Sardinia
Iglesias (Italian pronunciation: [iˈɡlɛːzjas], locally [iˈɡlezjas] ⓘ; from Spanish: [iˈɣlesjas]; Sardinian: Igrèsias) is a town and municipality, as well as the co-capital (along with Carbonia) of the Province of Sulcis Iglesiente in the autonomous island region of Sardinia in Italy. As of 2025, with a population of 24,634, it is also the 2nd-largest town in the province and the 11th-largest in Sardinia.

Under Aragonese and Spanish control Iglesias was one of the most important royal cities on Sardinia (which depended directly on the king), and it is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Iglesias. At an elevation of 190 metres (620 ft) in the hills of southwestern Sardinia, it was the centre of a mining district from which lead, zinc, and silver were extracted. Iglesias was also a centre for the distillation of sulfuric acid.
Bobby Vinton Sings the Newest Hits
Bobby Vinton Sings the Newest Hits is Bobby Vinton's fifteenth studio album, released in 1967.

Primarily a cover album, this album contains various songs from past years, especially movie themes. Cover songs include "Call Me" (a British hit for Petula Clark in 1964 and U.S. hit for Chris Montez in 1965) and "The End of the World" (a hit for Skeeter Davis in 1963). Movie themes include "Born Free", "The Shadow of Your Smile", "This Is My Song", "Georgy Girl" and "All".  Two singles came from this album: "Coming Home Soldier" (co-written by Vinton); the song, a sequel of sorts to Vinton's earlier hit "Mr. Lonely", reached #11 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.  The follow-up, "For He's A Jolly Good Fellow", originally written and recorded by Ray Stevens, charted at #66.

Ray Stevens
Harold Ray Ragsdale (born January 24, 1939), known professionally as Ray Stevens, is an American country and pop singer-songwriter and comedian. He is best known for his Grammy-winning recordings "Everything Is Beautiful" and "Misty", as well as novelty hits including "Gitarzan" and "The Streak". Stevens has earned gold albums and has worked as a producer, music arranger, and television host. He was also inducted into the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame, the Georgia Music Hall of Fame, the Christian Music Hall of Fame, and the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum.
Emil Steinbach
Emil Robert Wilhelm Steinbach (11 June 1846 – 26 May 1907) was an Austrian politician.

In collaboration with Minister-President Eduard Taaffe he managed as Minister of Finance 1891–1893 some important reforms in imperial Austria like the extension of the right to vote, the implementation of a currency reform 1892 and the reorganisation of the system of income tax. In 1904–1907 he was President of the Austrian Supreme Court of Justice.

Austro-Hungarian krone
The krone (alternatively crown; German: Krone, Hungarian: korona, Italian: corona, Polish: korona, Slovene: krona, Serbo-Croatian: kruna, Czech: koruna, Slovak: koruna, Romanian: coroană, Ukrainian: корона) was the official currency of Austria-Hungary from 1892 (when it replaced the gulden as part of the adoption of the gold standard) until the dissolution of the empire in 1918. The subunit was one hundredth of the main unit, and was called a Heller in the Austrian and a fillér in the Hungarian part of the Empire. Unlike the preceding silver currency, it was established on a gold basis. One kilogram of fine gold was equivalent to 3,280 crowns. Gold coins, however, were struck only in the values of 10, 20, and 100 crowns, with a purity of 900/1000.
Paul Ettore Tabone
Paul Ettore Tabone is an Australian lyric tenor opera singer and musical theatre actor. Dubbed "Australia's own Bocelli," Tabone has performed at the Romanian National Opera, Bucharest, Teatro Carlo Felice in Italy, Teatro del Giglio in Italy, and on Broadway.

Teatro del Giglio
The Teatro del Giglio (Theater of the Giglio) is the historic city theater and opera house located in Piazza del Giglio #13 and #15 in the center of Lucca, region of Tuscany, Italy. A statue of Garibaldi stands in the square in front of the theater.
J. W. Buttery
J. W. Buttery was a British socialist activist.

Based in Stafford, Buttery became active on the Stafford Trades Council.  He joined the Fabian Society in 1890, and became secretary of the Wolverhampton Fabian Society.  This was a sufficiently prominent position that he was elected to the first National Administrative Council of the Independent Labour Party, in 1893, as a representative of the Midlands.

In about 1900, Buttery relocated to London, where he worked as a land surveyor with the Land Registry Office.  He was also active in the Pharos Club.

Independent Labour Party
The Independent Labour Party (ILP) was a British political party of the left, established in 1893 at a conference in Bradford, after local and national dissatisfaction with the Liberals' apparent reluctance to endorse working-class candidates. A sitting independent MP and prominent union organiser, Keir Hardie, became its first chairman.

The party played a key role in the formation of the Labour Representation Committee, to which ILP members Hardie and Ramsay MacDonald were delegates at its foundation in 1900. The committee was renamed the Labour Party in 1906, and the ILP remained affiliated until 1932. In 1947, the organisation's three parliamentary representatives defected to the Labour Party, and the organisation joined Labour as Independent Labour Publications in 1975.
Trayvon Lathan
Trayvon Lathan (born May 16, 1984) is an American former professional basketball player. He played college basketball at Chowan University and went on to become an NBL Canada All-Star with the Moncton Miracles of the National Basketball League of Canada (NBL). Lathan is a native of Chesapeake, Virginia and attended Deep Creek High School in the same area.

After winning his third CIBACOPA title with the Tijuana Zonkeys in 2018, Lathan retired from professional basketball. He was inducted into the Chowan Athletic Hall of Fame in 2019.

Zonkeys de Tijuana
The Zonkeys de Tijuana are a Mexican professional basketball team based in Tijuana, Baja California. The Zonkeys compete in the Circuito de Baloncesto de la Costa del Pacífico (CIBACOPA). The team plays its home games at Auditorio Zonkeys. The Zonkeys were founded in 2010, and won back-to-back championships in 2014 and 2015.

The name comes from the tradition of painting stripes on donkeys to resemble zebras, a practice once common on the city's famed tourist strip, Avenida Revolución. Tourists would pay to take pictures with or on the zonkeys.
Cindy Roleder
Cindy Roleder (born 21 August 1989) is a German track and field athlete, specializing in 100 metres hurdles. She won the silver medal at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics. Roleder claimed three medals at the European Athletics Championships, becoming the first German winner of the European 100 m hurdles title since reunification in 2016. She also won the 60 m hurdles title at the 2017 European Indoor Championships.

Roleder won nine German national titles outdoors and indoors.

60 metres hurdles
60 metres hurdles is a distance in hurdling which is generally run in indoor competitions. It is equivalent with the first 5 hurdles of a standard outdoor hurdle race. The current women's and men's world records are 7.65 seconds (Devynne Charlton) and 7.27 seconds (Grant Holloway), respectively.
Karate at the 2023 Pan American Games – Men's individual kata
The men's individual kata competition of the karate events at the 2023 Pan American Games was held on November 3 at the Contact Sports Center (Centro de Entrenamiento de los Deportes de Contacto) in Santiago, Chile.

2023 Pan American Games
The 2023 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2023), officially the XIX Pan American Games (Spanish: XIX Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Santiago 2023, were an  international multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization, held in Santiago, Chile from 20 October to 5 November 2023; preliminary rounds in certain events began on 18 October 2023. These are the first Pan American Games to be held in Chile, and the eighth to be held in South America.

The games were held in 39 venues across the Santiago Metropolitan Region and another three regions of Chile. The Pan American Games and the 2023 Parapan American Games were organized by the Santiago Organizing Committee for the 2023 Pan and Parapan American Games.
Arumathurai Thanaluxmi
Arumathurai Thanaluxmi was a minority Sri Lankan Tamil girl aged 15 who was gang-raped and killed by the Sri Lankan Army during the Kumarapuram massacre in Trincomalee on 11 February 1996, and who became a cause célèbre of the Sri Lankan civil war because of this.

Sri Lanka Army
The Sri Lanka Army (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා යුද්ධ හමුදාව, romanised: Śrî Langkâ Yudha Hamudâwa; Tamil: இலங்கை இராணுவம், romanised: Ilankai iraṇuvam) is the oldest and largest of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces. The army was officially established as the Ceylon Army in 1949, though the army traces its roots back to 1881 when Ceylon Light Infantry Volunteers was created; the army was renamed as the 'Sri Lanka Army' when Sri Lanka became a republic in 1972. In 2024, the Army had approximately 150,000 personnel.

The Army Headquarters is situated in Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte; Commander of the Army is the highest appointment in the army who commands the army and is assisted by the Chief of Staff of the Army and Deputy Chief of Staff of the Army. The Commander-in-Chief of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces is the President of Sri Lanka, who heads the National Security Council through the Ministry of Defence, which is charged with formulating, executing defence policy and procurements for the armed forces.
Thomas Köhler
Thomas Köhler (born 25 June 1940) is an East German former luger who competed during the 1960s.

He won three Winter Olympic medals in men's luge with two golds (Singles: 1964, Doubles: 1968) and one silver (Singles: 1968).

Köhler won five medals at the FIL World Luge Championships with three golds (singles: 1962, 1967; doubles: 1967) and one silver (doubles: 1965).

FIL World Luge Championships 1967
The FIL World Luge Championships 1967 took place in Hammarstrand, Sweden, between 18 and 19 February 1967. This event was held following the cancellation of the previous year's championships in Friedrichroda, East Germany, which was the last cancellation in the history of the world championships.
William J. Atkinson
William J. Atkinson (born about 1950), an American, is a senior scientist at Boeing Satellite Systems who was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society in 2011. An expert in nuclear and space radiation hardening and electro-optics, he was cited for "academic contributions in the areas of nuclear physics and for substantial applications of radiation technology to spaceborne applications in the aerospace community." In 2011, he was also honored as an Associate Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

IEEE Spectrum reported Atkinson "developed software known as TSAREME (short for Total Space and Atmospheric Radiation Effects on Microelectronics) to account for errors induced by the impact of radiation in near-Earth orbits and inside the atmosphere."

Single-event upset
A single-event upset (SEU), also known as a single-event error (SEE), is a change of state caused by one single ionizing particle (e.g. ions, electrons, photons) striking a sensitive node in a live micro-electronic device, such as in a microprocessor, semiconductor memory, or power transistors. The state change is a result of the free charge created by ionization in or close to an important node of a logic element (e.g. memory "bit"). The error in device output or operation caused as a result of the strike is called an SEU or a soft error.

The SEU itself is not considered permanently damaging to the transistors' or circuits' functionality, unlike the case of single-event latch-up (SEL), single-event gate rupture (SEGR), or single-event burnout (SEB). These are all examples of a general class of radiation effects in electronic devices called single-event effects (SEEs).