hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Macapagal Bridge
The Macapagal Bridge (Filipino: Tulay ng Macapagal) is a steel cable-stayed bridge along Mayor Democrito D. Plaza II Avenue (also known as the Butuan Bypass Road) in Butuan that crosses the Agusan River. It has a length of 908 m (2,979 ft), making it the second-longest bridge in Mindanao after the Panguil Bay Bridge, and the third-longest cable-stayed bridge in the Philippines after the Marcelo Fernan Bridge and Cebu–Cordova Bridge.

Initially named the "Second Magsaysay Bridge" during construction (referring to the nearby Magsaysay Bridge), the bridge was officially named after President Diosdado Macapagal when it was inaugurated in 2007. The bridge was constructed along with the 13.1 km (8.1 mi) Butuan Bypass Road, which aims to decongest traffic along the Agusan-Misamis Oriental Road in downtown Butuan, through official development assistance from the Japan Bank for International Cooperation worth ₱2.2 billion.

Official development assistance
Official development assistance (ODA) is a category used by the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to measure foreign aid. The DAC first adopted the concept in 1969. It is widely used as an indicator of international aid flow. It refers to material resources given by the governments of richer countries to promote the economic development of poorer countries and the welfare of their people. The donor government agency may disburse such resources to the government of the recipient country or through other organizations. Most ODA is in the form of grants, but some is measured as the concessional value in soft (low-interest) loans.

In 2019, the annual amount of state donor aid counted as ODA was US$168 billion, of which US$152 billion came from DAC donors.
Kobophenol A
Kobophenol A is a stilbenoid. It is a tetramer of resveratrol. It can be isolated from Caragana chamlagu, from Caragana sinica, and from Carex folliculata seeds.

The molecule shows a 2,3,4,5-tetraaryltetrahydrofuran skeleton.

It has been shown to inhibit acetylcholinesterase.

Acid-catalyzed epimerization of kobophenol A to carasinol B can be performed in vitro.

Carex folliculata
Carex folliculata, the northern long sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to  eastern Canada (and Saint Pierre and Miquelon), and the eastern United States (but in the southeast it is confined to the Appalachians). A clumping perennial reaching 150 cm (5 ft) but usually shorter, it has broad, yellowish-green leaves. An obligate wetland species, it is found in a wide variety of wet habitats from sea level up to 1,800 m (5,900 ft), and can handle acidic, neutral, and basic conditions.
SugarGh0st RAT
SugarGh0st RAT is a Windows malware program (a customized variant of Gh0stRAT), utilized in cyberattacks since August 2023,  first documented by Cisco Talos.
It was used to attack government agencies and the private sector, in EMEA and Asia (cyberespionage, surveillance campaign and data theft).
In May 2024 it was reported an email phishing campaign (spotted first by Proofpoint) from threat actor SweetSpecter, using this malware, targeting US AI experts from government services, academia, US companies (for example, employees of OpenAI company), with the intention of obtaining non-public information.

Remote desktop software
Remote desktop software is software for remote administration of computers, allowing a desktop environment to be displayed on a computer, known as the client, other than the one on which it is running − the server. While commonly found in the context of personal computers, the concept also applies to other forms of computers, such as smartphones and dedicated servers.

Remote desktop applications have varying features. Some allow attaching to an existing user's session and "remote controlling", either displaying the remote control session or blanking the screen.
Marcel Gerritsen
Marcel Gerritsen (born 6 January 1967) is a Dutch former professional cross-country mountain biker and cyclo-cross cyclist. He won the silver medal in the cross-country at the 1993 UCI Mountain Bike World Championships.

Mountain biking
Mountain biking (abbr. MTB) is a sport of riding bicycles off-road, often over rough terrain, usually using specially designed mountain bikes. Mountain bikes share similarities with other bikes but incorporate features designed to enhance durability and performance in rough terrain, such as air or coil-sprung shocks used as suspension, larger and wider wheels and tires, stronger frame materials, and mechanically or hydraulically actuated disc brakes. Mountain biking can generally be broken down into distinct categories: cross country, trail, all mountain, enduro, downhill and freeride.
Lorenzo Tehau
Lorenzo Tehau is a footballer from Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport as a forward or midfielder. He is the twin brother of Alvin Tehau, brother of Jonathan Tehau and cousin of Teaonui Tehau, all of them playing for Tahiti national football team.

He represented his country in the 2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup and now is a full-time member of the Tahiti national football team. He was the top goalscorer for Tahiti in the 2012 OFC Nations Cup, where his national side won the tournament for the first time.

2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup
The 2009 FIFA U-20 World Cup was the 17th edition of the FIFA U-20 World Cup, which was hosted by Egypt from 24 September to 16 October 2009. The tournament was initially going to take place between 10 and 31 July. However, the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup was played mid-year, resulting in both that year's U-20 and U-17 World Cups being played at the end of the year. The tournament was won by Ghana after they defeated Brazil on penalties in the final, becoming the first African team to win the tournament.
École Maïmonide
École Maïmonide (Hebrew: בֵּית סֵפֶר הַרַמְבַּ״ם) is a French-language Jewish day school located in Montreal, Quebec. The school has two campuses: the Parkhaven Campus in Côte Saint-Luc and the Jacob Safra Campus in Saint-Laurent.

Jewish day school
A Jewish day school is a modern Jewish educational institution that is designed to provide children with both a Jewish and a secular education in one school on a full-time basis. The term "day school" is used to differentiate schools attended during the day from part time weekend schools as well as secular or religious "boarding school" equivalents where the students live full-time as well as study. The substance of the "Jewish" component varies from school to school, community to community, and usually depends on the Jewish denominations of the schools' founders. While some schools may stress Judaism and Torah study others may focus more on Jewish history, Hebrew language, Yiddish language, Jewish culture, and Zionism. This is in addition to secular content that is the same as public school curricula.
Population Zero
Population Zero is a 2016 found footage crime thriller film directed by Adam Levins that premiered at the Newport Beach International Film Festival on April 26, 2016.

The filmmakers were inspired to make the film after learning of the existence of a small portion of Yellowstone National Park that, under the Sixth Amendment's Vicinage Clause, could enable one to commit a crime without having a jury be able to try them, thus creating "the perfect crime". This idea was first written about in a Georgetown Law Journal article, "The Perfect Crime," by Michigan State University law professor Brian C. Kalt, and first dramatized in the 2007 novel "Free Fire" by C. J. Box, from which Population Zero borrows heavily.

Newport Beach Film Festival
The Newport Beach Film Festival (NBFF) is an annual film festival in Newport Beach, California, typically held in late April. In 2022, it was announced that the festival had permanently changed its date to be held in October, as the festival began positioning itself for Oscar season.
Alexandrovka, Lgovsky District, Kursk Oblast
Alexandrovka (Russian: Александровка) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Vyshnederevensky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Lgovsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  31 (2010 Census); 42 (2002 Census);

Lgovsky District
Lgovsky District (Russian: Льго́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-eight in Kursk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the central eastern part of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,080 square kilometers (420 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Lgov (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 11,942 (2021 Census); 14,451 (2010 Census);  19,313 (2002 Census); 23,866 (1989 Soviet census).
Demänovská Dolina
Demänovská Dolina (Hungarian: Deménvölgy) is a village and municipality in Liptovský Mikuláš District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia. More precisely, it is situated in Demänovská valley, where Demänovská Cave of Liberty and Demänovská Ice Cave can be found.

Liptovský Mikuláš District
Liptovský Mikuláš District (okres Liptovský Mikuláš) is a district in the eastern part of Žilina Region of central Slovakia. The district was established in the 19th century with its current name and exists within current borders since 1996.  Its main cultural and economic center is its seat Liptovský Mikuláš. Liptovský Mikuláš District main economic branches are industry and tourism. In the district is located Liptovská Mara dam, one of the largest water reservoirs in Slovakia.
Psy 4 de la Rime
Psy 4 de la Rime (French pronunciation: [psi kat(ʁ) də la ʁim]) are a French hip hop band formed 1995 in Marseille comprising several rappers with immigrant backgrounds from former French colonies. Their original name was KDB, Kid Dog Black. The band was signed to 361 Records, a Marseille-based independent label founded by fellow rapper Akhenaton. The group had three albums, the debut Block Party (2002), Enfants de la lune (2005) and Les cités d'or (2008). After split, members particularly Soprano and Alonzo went on to have very successful solo careers with their own albums and single hits. The formation got together in 2013 to release a fourth album called 4eme Dimension that made to number 3 on the French Albums Chart.

Akhenaton (rapper)
Philippe Fragione (French pronunciation: [filip fʁaʒjɔn]; Italian: [fraˈdʒoːne]; born 17 September 1968), better known by his stage name Akhenaton, is a French rapper and hip hop producer. He has also worked under the aliases Chill, AKH, Sentenza and Spectre. He is best known as member of hip hop group IAM and has since made a number of records, both with IAM and as a solo artist.

Akhenaton has worked as a producer, producing songs for several French rappers and groups such as Passi, Stomy Bugsy, Fonky Family, Freeman (a fellow member of IAM who has since made his break as a solo artist), La Brigade, Le 3ème Œil, etc. He is the creator of the record label Côté Obscur, the publishing house La Cosca and the vinyl record label 361.
Fate of the World
Fate of the World is a 2011 global warming game developed and published by Red Redemption. It features several scenarios, based on actual scientific research, in which the player is put in charge of a fictional international organization managing social, technological and environmental policies. The goals of the scenarios range from improving living conditions in Africa, to preventing catastrophic climate change, to exacerbating it.  It is quickly followed by an expansion pack called Fate of the World: Tipping Point, released in late 2011. The climate prediction models for the game are the work of Myles Allen, the head of the Climate Dynamics group at the University of Oxford.

Environmental policy
Environmental policy is the pledge by governments or organizations to adopt laws, regulations, and other policy tools aimed at addressing environmental issues. These typically involve air and water pollution, waste management, ecosystem protection, biodiversity conservation, management of natural resources, and safeguarding wildlife and endangered species
For example, concerning environmental policy, the implementation of an eco-energy-oriented policy at a global level to address the issue of climate change could be addressed.

Policies concerning energy or regulation of toxic substances including pesticides and many types of industrial waste are part of the topic of environmental policy. This policy can be deliberately taken to influence human activities and thereby prevent undesirable effects on the biophysical environment and natural resources, as well as to make sure that changes in the environment do not have unacceptable effects on humans.
Marjo Voutilainen
Marjo Hannele Voutilainen (born 22 March 1981) is a Finnish retired ice hockey player and current head coach of Ilves Naiset in the Naisten Liiga (NSML). During her playing career, she competed internationally with the Finnish national team, winning a bronze medal at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver and at the IIHF World Women's Championships in 2008 and 2009.

Voutilainen previously served as head coach of KalPa Kuopio in the NSML during 2016 to 2022. She was named Naisten Liiga Coach of the Year for the 2019–20 season, after guiding KalPa to their best regular season finish ever, upon which they built the most successful playoff run in team history. In May 2022, it was announced that she had signed on as head coach with Ilves Naiset to fill the vacancy created when Linda Leppänen resigned from the position a month prior.

Hannu Saintula Award
The Hannu Saintula Award (Finnish: Hannu Saintula -palkinto) is a seasonal ice hockey trophy awarded by the Finnish Ice Hockey Association to the Naisten Liiga Coach of the Year.

It is named after Hannu Saintula and was first awarded in the 2010–11 season.
A River Runs Through It (film)
A River Runs Through It is a 1992 American period drama film directed by Robert Redford, based on Norman Maclean's 1976 semi-autobiographical novella. It stars Craig Sheffer and Brad Pitt as brothers Norman and Paul Maclean, with Tom Skerritt, Brenda Blethyn and Emily Lloyd.

Set in and around Missoula, Montana, the story follows two sons of a Presbyterian minister, one studious and the other rebellious, as they grow up and come of age in the Rocky Mountain region during a span of time from roughly World War I to the early days of the Great Depression, including part of the Prohibition era.

The film premiered at the 1992 Toronto International Film Festival, and was released in the United States on October 9, 1992. It received positive reviews and was nominated for three Academy Awards, including Best Adapted Screenplay, and won Best Cinematography. Robert Redford was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Director.

Cineplex Odeon Corporation
Cineplex Odeon is a theatre brand owned by Cineplex Entertainment in Canada, after acquiring the Cineplex Odeon Corporation in 1998. As of 2023, there are 61 Cineplex Odeon locations in Canada.

The former corporation was one of North America's largest movie theatre operators and live theatre, with theatres in its home country of Canada and the United States. The company was the result of Cineplex Corporation in 1984 purchasing and merging with Canadian Odeon Theatres, which itself was the result of a merger between Canadian Theatres and Odeon Theatres of Canada in 1978. Theatres formerly operated by the company are now operated by Cineplex Entertainment in Canada and as AMC Theatres in the United States.
Stary Ertil
Stary Ertil (Russian: Старый Эртиль) is a rural locality (a selo) in Shchuchinskoye Rural Settlement, Ertilsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 376 as of 2010. There are 7 streets.

Ertilsky District
Ertilsky District  (Russian: Эрти́льский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Voronezh Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,457.81 square kilometers (562.86 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Ertil. Population: 20,865 (2021 Census); 25,728 (2010 Census); 31,499 (2002 Census); 36,054 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Ertil accounts for 48.0% of the district's total population.
Agudath Israel
Agudath Israel can refer to any of several related organizations, including:

World Agudath Israel, an international movement

Agudath Israel of America, an American organization

Agudat Yisrael, an Israeli political party

Agudath Israel of America
Agudath Israel of America (Hebrew: אגודת ישראל באמריקה; also called the Agudah) is an American organization that represents Haredi Orthodox Jews. It is loosely affiliated with the international World Agudath Israel. Agudah seeks to meet the needs of the Haredi community, advocates for its religious and civil rights, and services its constituents through charitable, educational, and social service projects across North America.
Green Line (Hyderabad Metro)
The Green Line is a part of the Hyderabad Metro system in Telangana, India. The line is 16.6 km long and spans 15 stations from JBS Parade Ground to Falaknuma. It was funded by a public–private partnership (PPP), with the state government holding a minority equity stake. A special purpose vehicle company, L&T Metro Rail Hyderabad Ltd (L&TMRHL), was established by the construction company Larsen & Toubro (L&T) to develop the Hyderabad Metro rail project.

An 11-kilometre (6.8-mile) stretch of the Green Line from JBS Parade Ground to MG Bus Station, with 9 stations, was inaugurated on 7 February 2020 by Telangana Chief Minister K. Chandrasekhar Rao, and opened to the public the next day. A 5.6 km southward extension from MG Bus Station to Falaknuma is yet to be completed in the Old City.

Larsen & Toubro
Larsen & Toubro Limited (L&T) is an Indian multinational conglomerate headquartered in Mumbai. It operates in sectors including industrial technology, heavy industry, engineering, construction, manufacturing, power, information technology, defence, and financial services.

L&T was founded in 1938 in Bombay by Danish engineers Henning Holck-Larsen and Søren Kristian Toubro. As of  31 March 2022, the L&T Group consisted of 93 subsidiaries, 5 associate companies, 27 joint ventures, and 35 joint operations. As of 1 October 2023, S N Subrahmanyan serves as the chairman and managing director of L&T, having succeeded A M Naik.
Bristol Tourer
The Bristol Tourer was a British civil utility biplane produced in the years following the First World War, using as much as possible from the design of the Bristol Fighter aircraft. Bristol Tourers were delivered with a variety of engines, subject to availability and customer desires; these included the Rolls-Royce Falcon, Siddeley Puma, Hispano-Suiza 8, and Wolseley Viper. Many Tourers were fitted with a canopy to cover the one or two passenger seats in the rear cockpit, giving the type its original name of Coupé. The pilot's cockpit, however, remained open.

Bristol Tourers operated by Western Australian Airways made the first scheduled airline services in Australia, commencing on 4 December 1921 between Perth and Geraldton.

Aircraft canopy
An aircraft canopy is the transparent enclosure over the cockpit of some types of aircraft. An aircraft canopy provides a controlled and sometimes pressurized environment for the aircraft's occupants, and allows for a greater field of view over a traditional flight deck. A canopy's shape is a compromise designed to minimize aerodynamic drag, while maximizing visibility for pilots and other crewmembers.
Idlidlya Island
Idlidlya Island (Ostrov Idlidlya) is a small island in the Chukchi Sea. It is close to the coast, being only 2 km (1.2 mi) away from the shores of the Chukotka Peninsula in the area of the coastal landspits enclosing Neskynpil'gyn Lagoon.

This island is only 1 km (0.62 mi) in length. There is a small Chukchi village called Neshkan on the coast close to the island.

The importance of this small island lies in the fact that many environmental observations, like monitoring of species, are taken from it.

Chukchi Peninsula
The Chukchi Peninsula (also Chukotka Peninsula or Chukotski Peninsula; Russian: Чуко́тский полуо́стров, Chukotskiy poluostrov, short form Russian: Чуко́тка, Chukotka), at about 66° N 172° W, is the easternmost peninsula of Asia.
Pingtai, Guangdong
Pingtai (simplified Chinese: 平台; traditional Chinese: 平台 or 平臺; pinyin: Píngtái; Jyutping: ping4toi4*2; lit. 'platform or terrace') is a town of Yunan County in western Guangdong province, China, just 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) southeast of the border with Guangxi and south of G80 Guangzhou–Kunming Expressway. As of 2011, it has one residential community (社区) and 13 villages under its administration.

G80 Guangzhou–Kunming Expressway
The Guangzhou–Kunming Expressway (Chinese: 广州—昆明高速公路), designated as G80 and commonly referred to as the Guangkun Expressway (Chinese: 广昆高速公路) is an expressway in China that connects the cities of Guangzhou, Guangdong, and Kunming, Yunnan. When complete, it will be 1,511 km (939 mi) in length.

The section of roadway from Suolongshi, Mile County, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan to Shilin Yi Autonomous County still follows China National Highway 326 which is not a grade-separated expressway. It is currently being upgraded to expressway standards.
Kazimierz Dmochowski
Kazimierz Dmochowski (24 June 1779 – 11 January 1851) was a Roman Catholic archbishop of the Archdiocese of Mohilev from 1848 until his death in 1851. He previously served as auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Vilnius and titular bishop of Meloë from 1840 to 1848.

Archdiocese of Vilnius
The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Vilnius (Latin: Archidioecesis Vilnensis; Lithuanian: Vilniaus arkivyskupija) is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Lithuania. Established as the Diocese of Vilnius in the 14th century, it was elevated to the rank of a metropolitan archdiocese by Pope Pius XI on 28 October 1925. It has two suffragan sees of Kaišiadorys and Panevėžys.

The archdiocese's motherchurch and thus seat of its archbishop is Cathedral-Basilica of St. Stanislaus and St. Ladislaus in Vilnius; it also houses a minor basilica in Trakai. The current archbishop of Vilnius is Gintaras Grušas. He is assisted by auxiliary bishops Arūnas Poniškaitis and Darius Trijonis.
Female hysteria
Female hysteria was once a common medical diagnosis for women. It was described as exhibiting a wide array of symptoms, including anxiety, shortness of breath, fainting, nervousness, exaggerated and impulsive sexual desire, insomnia, fluid retention, heaviness in the abdomen, irritability, loss of appetite for food or sex, sexually impulsive behavior, and a "tendency to cause trouble for others". It is no longer recognized by medical authorities as a medical disorder. Its diagnosis and treatment were routine for hundreds of years in Western Europe.

In extreme cases, the woman may have been forced to enter an insane asylum or to undergo surgical hysterectomy.

In Western medicine, hysteria was considered both common and chronic among women. Though it was categorized as a disease at the time, modern day analyses suggest that hysteria's symptoms can be explained by the normal fluctuations of women's sexuality.

Lunatic asylum
The lunatic asylum, insane asylum or mental asylum was an institution where people with mental illness were confined. It was an early precursor of the modern psychiatric hospital.

Modern psychiatric hospitals evolved from and eventually replaced the older lunatic asylum. The treatment of inmates in early lunatic asylums was sometimes brutal and focused on containment and restraint. The discovery of anti-psychotic drugs and mood-stabilizing drugs resulted in a shift in focus from containment in lunatic asylums to treatment in psychiatric hospitals. Later, there was further and more thorough critique in the form of the deinstitutionalization movement which focuses on treatment at home or in less isolated institutions.

Whilst it was used in the past, modern and more humane areas have been developed as opposed to the unorthodox methods of isolation and questionable therapies used in Lunatic (insane) asylum(s).