hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Geology of Sint Maarten
The geology of Sint Maarten consists of andesite tuff and tuff breccia from the middle and late Eocene, intruded by hypabyssal basalt, quartz diorite and younger andesite. Volcanic activity led to metamorphism of many rocks and the tilting and folding of the tuff series. Limestone and marl was later unconformably deposited atop the eroded volcanic rocks as volcanic activity shifted elsewhere.

Diorite
Diorite (/ˈdaɪ.əraɪt/ DY-ə-ryte) is an intrusive igneous rock formed by the slow cooling underground of magma (molten rock) that has a moderate content of silica and a relatively low content of alkali metals. It is intermediate in composition between low-silica (mafic) gabbro and high-silica (felsic) granite.

Diorite is found in mountain-building belts (orogens) on the margins of continents. It has the same composition as the fine-grained volcanic rock, andesite, which is also common in orogens.

Diorite has been used since prehistoric times as decorative stone. It was used by the Akkadian Empire of Sargon of Akkad for funerary sculptures, and by many later civilizations for sculptures and building stone.
Earl of Bath
Earl of Bath was a title that was created five times in British history, three times in the Peerage of England, once in the Peerage of Great Britain and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It is now extinct.

Peerage of Great Britain
The Peerage of Great Britain comprises all extant peerages created in the Kingdom of Great Britain between the Acts of Union 1707 and the Acts of Union 1800. It replaced the Peerage of England and the Peerage of Scotland, but was itself replaced by the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1801.

The ranks of the Peerage of Great Britain are Duke, Marquess, Earl, Viscount and Baron. Until the passage of the House of Lords Act 1999, all peers of Great Britain could sit in the House of Lords.

Some peerages of Great Britain were created for peers in the Peerage of Scotland and Peerage of Ireland as they did not have an automatic seat in the House of Lords until the Peerage Act 1963 which gave Scottish Peers an automatic right to sit in the Lords.

In the following table of peers of Great Britain, holders of higher or equal titles in the other peerages are listed. Those peers who are known by a higher title in one of the other peerages are listed in italics.
Expeditie Robinson 2010
Expeditie Robinson 2010 was the twelfth season of the RTL 5 and 2BE reality television series Expeditie Robinson first aired on September 2, 2010. It was the second season hosted by Evi Hanssen and Eddy Zoëy.

This season included celebrities only.

RTL 5
RTL 5 is a Dutch free-to-cable television channel that was launched on 2 October 1993, during the 4th anniversary of its sister channel. It mainly broadcasts American films and hit series but also reality shows, comedy, travel, international shows and local productions including Expeditie Robinson, Holland's Next Top Model & Benelux' Next Top Model, Dutch versions of America's Next Top Model, the Dutch version of Project Catwalk, So You Think You Can Dance and a Dutch version of ITV's Take Me Out.

Officially RTL 5 - along with RTL 4, RTL 7 and RTL 8 - is headquartered in Hilversum, broadcasting with a Luxembourg TV license. This allows them to avoid more severe control by the Dutch media authorities as Luxembourg's television watchdog is less strict.
Ilma University
Ilma University (Urdu: عِلما يونیورسٹی), formerly known as the Institute of Business & Technology, is a private and independent university based in Karachi, Sindh Pakistan. It was granted university status in May 2017 through legislation passed by the Provincial Assembly of Sindh. The university is officially recognised by the Higher Education Commission (Pakistan).

The main campus is located on Ibrahim Hyderi Road near Korangi Creek in Karachi. It includes academic departments, classrooms, an auditorium, media and computer labs, a digital library, faculty offices, a girls' common room, a mosque, a bookshop, counselling and admissions offices, a cafeteria, restrooms on each floor, and various sports clubs. Ilma University also operates an additional campus in Gulshan-e-Iqbal.

Korangi Creek Cantonment
Korangi Creek Cantonment or Korangi Cantonment (Urdu: کورنگی کریک چھاؤنی) is a military cantonment in Korangi Town within Malir District of the city of Karachi, in Sindh, Pakistan.

It serves as a military base and residential establishment. It was established by the British Colonial Army in the 19th-century British Raj and by Fort Wrigley. Currently, the former local seat of the British Wrigley-Pimley-McKerr family still stands.

The cantonment was transferred to Pakistan Army after independence in 1947. The cantonment maintains its own infrastructure of water and electricity and is located outside the jurisdiction of the City District Government of Karachi.
Blue Origin NS-23
Blue Origin NS-23 was a sub-orbital cargo spaceflight mission of Blue Origin's New Shepard rocket, New Shepard Booster 3 (NS3), which launched on September 12, 2022. The booster failed during max q about a minute after launch, triggering the launch escape system which removed the capsule from the booster. The capsule landed successfully, while the booster was destroyed upon impact with the ground.

Max q
The max q, or maximum dynamic pressure, condition is the point when an aerospace vehicle's atmospheric flight reaches the maximum difference between the fluid dynamics total pressure and the ambient static pressure. For an airplane, this occurs at the maximum speed at minimum altitude corner of the flight envelope. For a space vehicle launch, this occurs at the crossover point between dynamic pressure increasing with speed and static pressure decreasing with increasing altitude. This is an important design factor of aerospace vehicles, since the aerodynamic structural load on the vehicle is proportional to dynamic pressure.
Patterson Lake (British Columbia)
Patterson lake, also known as Hook Lake, is a shallow lake in the western Chilcotin District of the Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada, located south of Tatla Lake.

This lake on the western edge of the Chilcotin Plateau has no road access and is in the shape of a hook. The outflow is seasonal, and flows down to Tatla Lake Creek to the north. In 2013 the lake and surrounding land was turned into Patterson Lake Provincial Park.  The park is utilized in the winter with a network of cross country ski trails.

Tatla Lake, British Columbia
Tatla Lake /ˈtætlə/ is a small unincorporated community in the west Chilcotin area of British Columbia, Canada, located at the west end of its eponymous lake. Situated 220 km west of Williams Lake along Highway 20 (Chilcotin Highway), Tatla Lake's 123 people live approximately halfway between the two ends of the highway; Williams Lake to the east and the coastal community of Bella Coola to the west. The community is the service centre for three major mountain valleys of West Branch, Chilko and Tatlayoko. These valleys extend southward via secondary roads.
Al Skinner
Albert Lee Skinner Jr. (born June 16, 1952) is an American men's college basketball head coach and a former collegiate and professional basketball player. He was formerly the head coach of the Boston College Eagles men's basketball team and was then an assistant at Bryant University before becoming the head coach of Kennesaw State University in 2015.

Kennesaw State University
Kennesaw State University (KSU) is a public research university in the U.S. state of Georgia with two campuses in the Atlanta metropolitan area, one in the Kennesaw area and the other in Marietta on a combined 581 acres (235 ha) of land. The school was founded in 1963 by the Georgia Board of Regents using local bonds and a federal space-grant during a time of major Georgia economic expansion after World War II. KSU also holds classes at the Cobb Galleria Centre, Dalton State College, and in Paulding County (Dallas). The total enrollment exceeds 51,000 students making KSU the third-largest university by enrollment in Georgia.

KSU is part of the University System of Georgia and is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". Kennesaw State's athletic teams are an NCAA Division I member of the Conference USA.
Pro Tennis: World Court
Pro Tennis: World Court is a sports video game released by Namco in 1988 for arcades in Japan. It was inspired by the 1987 Famicom game Family Tennis. In August 1988, the game was converted to the PC Engine console, in which a new tennis-based role-playing quest mode was added, and was released for the North American TurboGrafx-16 console by NEC as World Court Tennis in 1989. Up to four players can play simultaneously.

An arcade sequel, Super World Court, was released in 1992. It was re-released for the PlayStation 4 and Nintendo Switch as part of the Arcade Archives lineup in May 2022 worldwide.

NEC
NEC Corporation (日本電気株式会社, Nippon Denki Kabushiki gaisha; an acronym for the Nippon Electric Company) is a Japanese multinational information technology corporation headquartered at the NEC Supertower in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It provides IT and network solutions, including cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) platform, and telecommunications equipment and software to business enterprises, communications services providers and to government agencies. It is one of the five largest defense contractors in Japan.

NEC was one of the world's largest personal computer and semiconductor manufacturers from the 1980s to the 2000s, but has largely withdrawn from manufacturing since the beginning of the 21st century, having spun off its PC business to Lenovo and its semiconductor business to Renesas Electronics and Elpida Memory.

NEC is a member of the Sumitomo Group.
Joseph Demarco
Joseph Demarco (1718–1793) was a Maltese medical practitioner, a scientist, and a major philosopher. His areas of specialisation in philosophy were mostly philosophical psychology and physiology.

Demarco's extensive interests make him unique. His main concern was human health and he was fascinated by the mechanisms of the human body and its infirmities, especially within their psychological and social contexts. This brought him to be attracted to the philosophical underpinnings of the human condition in all of its aspects.

Cospicua
Cospicua (Italian) or Bormla (Maltese, [ˈbɔrmlɐ]) is a double-fortified harbour city in the Port Region of Malta. It served as the principal port of Phoenician Malta and, through Greek, Latin, and Arabic, may have given its name to the island and country. Along with Birgu and Senglea, it is one of the Three Cities located within the Grand Harbour to the east of the capital city Valletta. With a population of 5,395 as of March 2014, it is the most dense city of the Three Cities. Locals are known for their Cottonera dialect.
Zăbala
Zăbala (Hungarian: Zabola, pronounced [ˈzɒbolɒ]; German: Gebissdorf) is a commune in Covasna County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania. The commune comprises 4 villages: Peteni (Székelypetőfalva), Surcea (Szörcse), Tamașfalău (Székelytamásfalva), and Zăbala.

Covasna County
Covasna County (Romanian pronunciation: [koˈvasna] ⓘ, Hungarian: Kovászna megye, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈkovaːsnɒ]) is a county (județ) of Romania, in eastern Transylvania, with the county seat at Sfântu Gheorghe.
Euparkerella robusta
Euparkerella robusta is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the state of Espírito Santo in southeastern Brazil. It has been recorded from the municipality of Mimoso do Sul (type locality) and the neighboring Atílio Vivacqua. Common name Izecksohn's Guanabara frog has been proposed for it.

Mimoso do Sul
21°03′50″S 41°21′57″W﻿ / ﻿21.06389°S 41.36583°W﻿ / -21.06389; -41.36583
Mimoso do Sul is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo. Its population was 26,115 (2020) and its area is 867 km2 (335 sq mi).

The municipality contains part of the 10,459 hectares (25,840 acres) Serra das Torres Natural Monument, created in 2010 to protect the mountain peaks in the area.
Porphyrion
In Greek mythology, Porphyrion (Ancient Greek: Πορφυρίων) was one of the Gigantes (Giants), who according to Hesiod, were the offspring of Gaia, born from the blood that fell when Uranus (Sky) was castrated by their son Cronus. In some other versions of the myth, the Gigantes were born of Gaia and Tartarus.

Dionysiaca
The Dionysiaca /ˌdaɪ.ə.nɪˈzaɪ.ə.kə/ (Ancient Greek: Διονυσιακά, Dionysiaká) is an ancient Greek epic poem and the principal work of Nonnus. It is an epic in 48 books, the longest surviving poem from Greco-Roman antiquity at 20,426 lines, composed in Homeric dialect and dactylic hexameters, the main subject of which is the life of Dionysus, his expedition to India, and his triumphant return to the west.
Recursive filter
In signal processing, a recursive filter (also called an infinite impulse response filter) is a type of filter which reuses one or more of its outputs as an input.
They allow a system to respond over a long period of time to a brief input signal, without needing to perform complex calculations on every past input.
This feedback typically results in an unending impulse response, characterized by either exponentially growing, decaying, or sinusoidal signal output components.

However, a recursive filter does not always have an infinite impulse response. Some implementations of moving average filter are recursive filters but with a finite impulse response.

Non-recursive Filter Example:
y[n] = 0.5x[n − 1] + 0.5x[n].

Recursive Filter Example:
y[n] = 0.5y[n − 1] + 0.5x[n].

Sine wave
A sine wave, sinusoidal wave, or sinusoid (symbol: ∿) is a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function. In mechanics, as a linear motion over time, this is simple harmonic motion; as rotation, it corresponds to uniform circular motion. Sine waves occur often in physics, including wind waves, sound waves, and light waves, such as monochromatic radiation. In engineering, signal processing, and mathematics, Fourier analysis decomposes general functions into a sum of sine waves of various frequencies, relative phases, and magnitudes.

When any two sine waves of the same frequency (but arbitrary phase) are linearly combined, the result is another sine wave of the same frequency; this property is unique among periodic waves. Conversely, if some phase is chosen as a zero reference, a sine wave of arbitrary phase can be written as the linear combination of two sine waves with phases of zero and a quarter cycle, the sine and cosine components, respectively.
Günter Rombold
Günter Rombold (2 January 1925, in Stuttgart – 10 December 2017, in Linz) was an Austrian theologian, art historian, philosopher and priest. A graduate of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, and the University of Graz, he served as rector and professor emeritus of the Catholic Private University Linz, and was a curator for the Lentos Art Museum and served on the jury of the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna. He was the recipient of a Kulturpreis des Landes Oberösterreich and a Heinrich Gleißner Prize.

University of Graz
The University of Graz (German: Universität Graz, formerly: Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz) in Graz is the largest public research university in Styria and the second oldest university in Austria. Its name is derived from Archduke Charles II of Inner Austria and Francis I of Austria. The University of Graz was founded on January 1, 1585.

The Faculty of Medicine was spun off as the Medical University of Graz on January 1, 2004, under the University Act 2002.
2012 Men's Hockey Düsseldorf Masters
The 2012 Men's Hockey Düsseldorf Masters was the seventeenth edition of the Hamburg Masters, consisting of a series of test matches. It was held in Düsseldorf, Germany, from 21 to 24 June 2012, and featured four of the top nations in men's field hockey.

Spain men's national field hockey team
The Spain men's national field hockey team represents Spain in international men's field hockey competitions. It is controlled by the Royal Spanish Hockey Association, the governing body for field hockey in Spain.

Spain has competed in every European Championship or World Cup, and has qualified consistently since 1960 for the Olympic Games. They also have won medals in these three main international competitions: six at European Championships (two-time winners), three at World Cups (two-time finalists) and four at Olympic Games (three silvers and a bronze).
Emilio Alcalá-Galiano, 4th Count of Casa Valencia
Don Emilio Alcalá-Galiano y Valencia, 4th Count of Casa Valencia and 2nd Viscount of the Pontón (7 March 1831, in Madrid, Spain – 12 November 1914, in San Sebastián, Spain) was a Spanish noble and politician who served as Minister of State in the reign of King Alfonso XII.

Don (honorific)
The terms Don (in Spanish and Italian), Dom (in Portuguese), and Domn (in Romanian), are honorific prefixes derived from the Latin Dominus, meaning "lord" or "owner". The honorific is commonly used in Spain, Portugal, and Italy, as well as in the Spanish-speaking world and Portuguese-speaking world, as well as some other places formerly colonized by Spain or Portugal. The feminine equivalents are Doña (Spanish: [ˈdoɲa]), Donna (Italian: [ˈdɔnna]), Doamnă (Romanian) and Dona (Portuguese: [ˈdonɐ]), meaning "lady".

The term is derived from the Latin dominus: a master of a household, a title with background from the Roman Republic in classical antiquity. With the abbreviated form having emerged as such in the Middle Ages, traditionally it is reserved for Catholic clergy and nobles, in addition to certain educational authorities and persons of high distinction.
Fredrik Gulsvik
Fredrik Gulsvik (born 29 August 1989) is a Norwegian former footballer. He played in Tippeligaen with Odd Grenland and Sandefjord, in addition to Mjøndalen before he decided to retire at the age of 22.

Odds BK
Odds Ballklubb, commonly known as Odd, is a Norwegian professional football club from Skien. Originally the football section of a multi-sports club, it was founded in 1894, nine years after the club's founding. Most sports other than football and gymnastics were discontinued and the club became dedicated primarily to football. Odd plays in the Norwegian First Division, the second tier of the Norwegian football league system, and holds the record of winning the Norwegian Football Cup the most times with twelve wins, the last coming in 2000. The club was known as Odd Grenland between 1994 and 2012. Founded in 1894, Odd is the oldest football club in Norway. As of 13 May 2017 the club was granted a membership in Club of Pioneers. It then became the first Nordic football club to be granted this membership.
Reste Encore
"Reste Encore" (French for: Keep Staying) is a song by French recording band L5. Initially written by Christina Rumbley, Peter Ibsen, and Sacha Skarbek with English lyrics, it was adapted by Noun and produced by Fred Fraikin and Djoum for the group's second studio album Retiens-Moi (2002). The sensual piano ballad was released as the album's fourth and final single in November 2003 and reached number 56 on the French Singles Chart, becoming the band's lowest-charting single. In 2007, fellow Popstars winners No Angels recorded the original song, entitled "Make a Change", for their fourth studio album Destiny (2007).

Sacha Skarbek
Sacha Skarbek (born 29 May 1972) is a British songwriter and producer. He is best known for co-writing James Blunt's hit singles "You're Beautiful" and "Goodbye My Lover" as well as Miley Cyrus' hit song "Wrecking Ball". Skarbek has worked with artists such as Adele, Lana Del Rey, Jason Mraz, Tears for Fears, Duffy and many more.
Il Colle-Villa
Il Colle-Villa is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Calci, province of Pisa.

The village is composed by the two hamlets of Il Colle (or Colle) and Villa. It is about 11 km from Pisa and 1 km from the municipal seat of La Pieve.

Province of Pisa
The province of Pisa (Italian: provincia di Pisa) is a province in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Pisa. With an area of 2,448 square kilometres (945 mi2) and a total population of 421,642 (As of 2014), it is the second most populous and fifth largest province of Tuscany. It is subdivided into 37 comuni (sg.: comune).

With a history that dates to the Etruscans and Phoenicians, the province achieved considerable power and influence in the Mediterranean in the 12th and 13th centuries. Pisa, the provincial capital, is known for its Leaning Tower, and other historic landmarks that attract tourists.
Apolinary Wnukowski
Apolinary Wnukowski (1848–1909) was a Catholic clergyman who was Archbishop of Mohilev (1908-1909).

Wnukowski was born in Podolia to Maciej and Anna. He attended the gymnasium in Kamianets-Podilskyi. His theological education continued in Zhytomyr and Saint Petersburg, and he became a priest on 15 June 1872. His theological education in Saint Petersburg ended in 1874, obtaining a magister degree primi ordinis. He was then professor of dogmatics in Zhytomyr and became seminary rector by 1898. He then became Bishop of Płock in 1904 and Archbishop of Mohilev in 1908.

Wnukowski died in 1909 and is buried in Zhytomyr. He was a recipient of the Order of Saint Vladimir.

Magister degree
A magister degree (also magistar, female form: magistra; from Latin: magister, "teacher") is an academic degree used in various systems of higher education.

The magister degree arose in medieval universities in Europe and was originally equal to the doctorate; while the doctorate was originally conferred in theology, law and medicine, the magister degree was usually conferred in the liberal arts, broadly known as "philosophy" in continental Europe, which encompassed all other academic subjects. In some countries, the title has retained this original meaning until the modern age, while in other countries, magister has become the title of a lower degree, in some cases parallel with a master's degree (whose name is cognate).
Baseball at the 2003 Pan American Games
Baseball at the 2003 Pan American Games was contested between teams representing Bahamas, Brazil, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and the United States. The 2003 edition was the 14th Pan American Games, and was hosted by Santo Domingo.

Cuba entered the competition as the eight-time defending champions, having won each gold medal dating back to 1971. They successfully defended their title, with the United States finishing second.

Panama national baseball team
The Panama national baseball team (Spanish: Selección de béisbol de Panamá) is the baseball team that represents Panama at an international level. Panama has medalled at multiple international tournaments at both junior and senior levels throughout the sport's history, including one silver medal and two bronze medals at the Baseball World Cup. They are currently the 9th ranked baseball team in the world.

Team Panama will compete in the 2026 World Baseball Classic in March 2026.