hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fourth Deuba cabinet
On 7 June 2017, Sher Bahadur Deuba got elected as the new prime minister of Nepal and therefore formed the new Governmental Cabinet of Nepal Deuba's candidacy was supported by the Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal, the Rastriya Janata Party Nepal, the Nepal Loktantrik Forum, the Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal and several small parties represented in the Nepalese Parliament after a power-sharing deal with the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre), who also supported Deuba's candidacy. After being sworn in, Deuba formed a new government in a coalition with the parties that supported his election. On 17 October 2017, in preparation for the Nepalese legislative election, the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) decided to cooperate with the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist). For this, all of their ministers left the cabinet after Prime Minister Deuba was prepared to dismiss them.

2017 Nepalese general election
General elections were held in Nepal in two phases on 26 November and 7 December 2017 to elect the 275 members of the fifth House of Representatives, the lower house of the Federal Parliament of Nepal.

The election was held alongside the first provincial elections for the seven provincial assemblies.

A political deadlock between the governing Nepali Congress and the winning left-wing coalition over the system used to elect the upper house led to delay in forming the new government.

Following the announcement of the final result by the Election Commission, K.P. Oli of Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) was sworn in as Prime Minister on 15 February 2018 by the President according to Article 76 (2) of the constitution. He passed a Motion of Confidence on 11 March 2018 with 208 votes.
Kalle Soini
Kalle Ahti Soini (13 February 1884 – 24 May 1946) was a Finnish agronomist and politician, born in Mouhijärvi. He was a Member of the Parliament of Finland from 1933 to 1945, representing the National Coalition Party.

Mouhijärvi
Mouhijärvi is a former municipality of Finland, located in the southwestern part of the country. It was an agricultural village since the 18th century.

On 1 January in 2009 Mouhijärvi was consolidated with the municipalities of Vammala and Äetsä, to form a new town named Sastamala.
Cante jondo
Cante jondo (Spanish: [ˈkante ˈxondo]) is a vocal style in flamenco, an unspoiled form of Andalusian folk music. The name means "deep song" in Spanish, with hondo ("deep") spelled with J (Spanish pronunciation: [x]) as a form of eye dialect, because traditional Andalusian pronunciation has retained an aspirated H lost in other forms of Spanish.

The common traditional classification of flamenco music divides it into three groups, of which the deepest, most serious forms are known as cante jondo.

Cante jondo is linked closely to the suffering and marginalization experienced by Romani people.

Eye dialect
Eye dialect is a writer's use of deliberately nonstandard spelling either because they do not consider the standard spelling a good reflection of the pronunciation or because they are intending to portray informal or low-status language usage. The term was coined by George Philip Krapp to refer to a literary technique that implies the standard pronunciation of a given word that is not well-reflected by its standard spelling, such as wimmin to represent more accurately the typical English pronunciation of women. However, eye dialect is also commonly used to indicate that a character's speech is vernacular (nonstandard), casual, foreign, or uneducated, often to be humorous. This form of nonstandard spelling differs from others in that a difference in spelling does not indicate a difference in pronunciation of a word.  That is, it is a "dialect to the eye", rather than "to the ear".
Reserve Infantry Division of Guyuan
The Reserve Infantry Division of Guyuan Area(Chinese: 固原地区陆军预备役师) was a short-lived reserve infantry formation of the People's Liberation Army active between 1984 and 1985.

The division was formally activated on June 8, 1984, in Guyuan, Ningxia. The division was then composed of:

1st Regiment - Longde

2nd Regiment - Xiji

3rd Regiment - Haiyuan

Artillery Regiment

In October 1985 the division was disbanded along with all its subordinates.

Guyuan
Guyuan (Chinese: 固原; pinyin: Gùyuán ⓘ), formerly known as Xihaigu (Chinese: 西海固; pinyin: xīhǎigù, Xiao'erjing: قُ‌يُوًا شِ) or Dayuan (大原), is a prefecture-level city in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. It occupies the southernmost section of the region, bordering Gansu province to the east, south, and due west. This is also the site of Mount Sumeru Grottoes (须弥山), which is among the ten most famous grottoes in China. As of the end of 2018, the total resident population in Guyuan was 1,124,200. At the end of 2024, the city's resident population was 1,140,800, a decrease of 6,900 compared with the end of the previous year. Among them, the resident population in urban areas was 535,600, accounting for 46.95% of the resident population (the urbanization rate of the resident population), an increase of 1.29 percentage points over the end of the previous year.
Executive Order 13990
Executive Order 13990, officially titled Protecting Public Health and the Environment and Restoring Science to Tackle the Climate Crisis is an executive order signed by President Joe Biden on January 20, 2021, which implements various environmental policies of his administration including revoking the permit for the Keystone XL Pipeline and temporarily prohibiting drilling in the arctic refuge. It was rescinded by Donald Trump within hours of his assuming office on January 20, 2025.

Second inauguration of Donald Trump
The  inauguration of Donald Trump as the 47th president of the United States took place on Monday, January 20, 2025. Due to freezing temperatures and high winds, it was held inside the U.S. Capitol rotunda in Washington, D.C. It was the 60th U.S. presidential inauguration and the second inauguration of Trump as U.S. president, marking the commencement of his second and final presidential term, and the first term of JD Vance as vice president. It was the second re-inauguration for a former U.S. president, after the second inauguration of Grover Cleveland in 1893. Trump's first inauguration was eight years earlier, on January 20, 2017.

The event included a swearing-in ceremony, a signing ceremony, an inaugural luncheon, a first honors ceremony, and then a procession and parade at Capital One Arena. Inaugural balls were held at various venues before and after the inaugural ceremonies. The Capitol rotunda can seat approximately 600 people; the number of attendees has not been disclosed.
Yaroslav Nikolaev
Yaroslav Sergeevich Nikolaev (Russian: Яросла́в Серге́евич Никола́ев; 30 April 1899, Šiauliai – 1 July 1978) was a Soviet Russian painter, Honored Art worker of Russian Federation (1956), People's Artist of the Russian Federation (1975), a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, who lived and worked in Leningrad. From 1948 to 1951, Nikolaev was a head of the Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his genre and historical painting.

People's Artist of the Russian Federation
People's Artist of the Russian Federation (Russian: Наро́дный худо́жник Росси́йской Федера́ции) is an honorary title given no earlier than five years after the honorary title "Honored Artist of Russia" or "Honored Art Worker of Russia" to an important artist who has created extraordinary works of painting, sculpture, graphic art, monumental, decorative, crafts, music, drama, film, or television; who has made an outstanding contribution to domestic art and culture; and who has received wide public recognition. This title in succession continues the Soviet tradition: a similar level of recognition was conveyed by the USSR title of "People's Artist of the RSFSR."
Paul Muralt
Paul Muralt is a physicist working in materials science from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, Switzerland. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2013 for his contributions to piezoelectric microelectromechanical systems. He was born in 1954 in Zurich, Switzerland. He studied solid state physics at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETH). He made a thesis at the same university on incommensurate phase transitions in a layered perovskite structure. He invented a method (scanning tunnelling potentiometry) to realise images of electrical surface potentials by means of scanning tunnelling microscopy  at the IBM Research Laboratory Zurich. Later he specialised in thin film processing and applications of piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and ferroelectric thin films.

Phase transition
In physics, chemistry and biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform physical properties. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change as a result of the change of external conditions, such as temperature or pressure. This can be a discontinuous change; for example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to its boiling point, resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The identification of the external conditions at which a transformation occurs defines the phase transition point.
1912 Northern Illinois State Normal football team
The 1912 Northern Illinois State Normal football team represented Northern Illinois State Normal College as an independent in the 1912 college football season. They were led by third-year head coach William Wirtz and played their home games at Glidden Field, located on the east end of campus. The team finished the season with a 3–5 record. William Baker was the team's captain.

1912 college football season
The 1912 college football season was the first season of the modern era of college football, as the NCAA implemented changes to increase scoring:

Teams were given 4 downs instead of 3 downs to gain ten yards

The value of a touchdown was increased from 5 points to 6 points

The length of the playing field was reduced from 110 yards to 100 yards, and end zones of ten yards were added

Kickoff was made from the 40 yard line rather than at midfield.

At the end of the season, Harvard was named the year's champion by The New York Times.
Id Tech 6
id Tech 6 is a multiplatform game engine developed by id Software. It is the successor to id Tech 5 and was first used to create the 2016 video game Doom. Internally, the development team also used the codename id Tech 666 to refer to the engine. The PC version of the engine is based on the Vulkan API and the OpenGL API.

John Carmack started talking about his vision regarding the engine that would succeed id Tech 5 several years before the latter debuted in Rage, but following his departure from id Software in 2014, Tiago Sousa was hired to replace him as the lead renderer programmer at the company.

On June 24, 2009, id Software was acquired by ZeniMax Media. It was later announced in 2010 that id Software's technology would be available only to other companies also belonging to ZeniMax Media. It was followed up by id Tech 7.

John Carmack
John D. Carmack II (born August 21, 1970) is an American computer programmer and video game developer. He co-founded the video game company id Software and was the lead programmer of its 1990s games Commander Keen, Wolfenstein 3D, Doom, Quake, and their sequels. Carmack made innovations in 3D computer graphics, such as his Carmack's Reverse algorithm for shadow volumes.

In 2013, he resigned from id Software to work full-time at Oculus VR as their CTO. In 2019, he reduced his role to Consulting CTO so he could allocate more time toward artificial general intelligence (AGI). In 2022, he left Oculus to work on his AGI startup, Keen Technologies.
Néiser Villarreal
Néiser David Villarreal Quiñones (born 24 April 2005) is a Colombian professional footballer who plays for Cruzeiro as a forward. Known for his creativity, close control, and powerful long-range shooting, he is regarded as one of the most promising young prospects in South American football.

A graduate of the Millonarios academy, Villarreal made his first-team debut during the 2023 Categoría Primera A season under manager Alberto Gamero and quickly established himself as one of the club’s standout young players. In September 2025, he agreed to join Cruzeiro on a free transfer following the conclusion of the 2025 Categoría Primera A season.

At international level, Villarreal has represented Colombia U20 since 2024, finishing as top scorer at the 2025 South American U-20 Championship and leading the nation to a third-place finish and qualification to the 2025 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Chile.

2023 Liga DIMAYOR
The 2023 Categoría Primera A season (officially known as the 2023 Liga BetPlay Dimayor season for sponsorship purposes) was the 76th season of the Categoría Primera A, Colombia's top-flight football league. The season began on 24 January and ended on 13 December 2023.

Two tournaments (Apertura and Finalización) were played in the season, each one of them being an independent championship. In the Torneo Apertura, Millonarios won their sixteenth league title after defeating Atlético Nacional 3–2 on penalty kicks in the finals after a 1–1 draw on aggregate, whilst Junior won their tenth league title in the Torneo Finalización, beating Independiente Medellín 5–3 on penalty kicks in the finals after tying 4–4 on aggregate. Deportivo Pereira were the defending champions, having won the 2022 Finalización tournament.
Madiakoye
Madiakoye is a village and seat of the commune of Séréré in the Cercle of Gourma-Rharous in the Tombouctou Region of Mali. The village lies on the right bank of the River Niger, upstream of Gourma-Rharous.

Niger River
The Niger River (/ˈnaɪdʒər/ NY-jər; French: (le) fleuve Niger [(lə) flœv niʒɛʁ]) is the main river of West Africa, extending about 4,180 kilometres (2,600 miles). Its drainage basin is 2,117,700 km2 (817,600 sq mi) in area. Its source is in the Guinea Highlands in south-eastern Guinea near the Sierra Leone border. It runs in a crescent shape through southwest Mali and through southwest Niger, on the border with Benin, and then through Nigeria, discharging through a massive delta, known as the Niger Delta, into the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean. The Niger is the 14th-longest river in the world and the third-longest river in Africa, exceeded by the Nile and the Congo River. Its main tributary is the Benue River.
Taj Malik
Taj Malik (Pashto: تاج ملک; born 1975) is an Afghan former cricketer and coach. He was a right-handed batsman and leg break bowler who played for Afghanistan. He got interested in cricket at Kacha Gari camp during England's 1987 tour of Pakistan. He is credited as one of the most influential persons in Afghan cricket transitioning refugees from playing tape ball to hard ball and arranging match invites from Peshawar cricket clubs, and was their first national coach. He was also chairman of the Afghanistan National Cricket Academy, leading its domestic competitions, and General Secretary of the Afghanistan Cricket Federation.

He was featured in Out of the Ashes, a documentary of the Afghanistan national cricket team's qualification for the 2010 ICC World Twenty20 tournament.

Out of the Ashes (2010 film)
Out of the Ashes is a 2010 British documentary film directed by Tim Albone, Lucy Martens and Leslie Knott. It documents the story of the Afghanistan national cricket team's qualification for the 2010 ICC World Twenty20 tournament.
Constitution Act (British Columbia)
The Constitution Act, 1996 forms part of the provincial constitution of British Columbia. The Act outlines the powers and rules governing the executive and legislative branches of the provincial government of British Columbia. British Columbia is the only province of Canada to have such an act; the constitutions of other provinces are made up of a diffuse number of sources. Despite this, even the Constitution Act is not truly exhaustive, as certain aspects of the province's constitution are not included in it.

Prior to its enactment, the powers and rules of the British Columbia executive and legislature were derived from the British Columbia Terms of Union, which officially joined British Columbia into Canada. Those terms of union, in turn, continued the government established in the terms of union between the Colony of Vancouver Island with the Colony of British Columbia. The British Columbia Terms of Union is still part of the Constitution of Canada.

British Columbia Terms of Union
The British Columbia Terms of Union is an Order in Council of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom. It forms part of the Constitution of Canada.

British Columbia then joined the four-year-old Confederation and became the sixth province of Canada on July 20, 1871. The confederation agreement was based on terms of union negotiated in the Canadian capital of Ottawa between the Colony of British Columbia (on the west coast of North America, bordering the Pacific Ocean) and the new Dominion of Canada, extending its territory and reach continent-wide, coast to coast. The Terms of Union agreement document consists of 14 articles.
History of the administrative divisions of China
The history of the administrative divisions of China is covered in the following articles:

Administration of territory in dynastic China (before 1912)
Ancient Chinese states (before 221 BCE)
Administrative divisions of the Tang dynasty (618–907)
Administrative divisions of the Liao dynasty (916–1125)
Administrative divisions of the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368)
Administrative divisions of the Qing dynasty (1636–1912)

Administrative divisions of the Republic of China (1912–1949)

History of the administrative divisions of China (1949–present), the People's Republic of China

Administrative divisions of the Liao dynasty
The Liao dynasty was a Khitan-led imperial dynasty of China. This article discusses the administrative division system that existed within the Liao dynasty from the early 10th century until the fall of the empire in 1125, in what is now North China, Northeast China and Mongolia.
The Real Anthony Fauci
The Real Anthony Fauci: Bill Gates, Big Pharma, and the Global War on Democracy and Public Health is a 2021 book by Robert F. Kennedy Jr. in which he denounces Anthony Fauci and his leadership of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. In the book, Kennedy promotes HIV/AIDS denialism and misinformation about Fauci's role during the HIV epidemic and the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. The book was described as "controversial" by The Guardian and Publishers Weekly and a "conspiracy theory extravaganza" by Science-Based Medicine.

In response, Fauci called the book "unfortunate" and characterized Kennedy as "a very disturbed individual". Of a meeting he had with Kennedy to discuss vaccines early in Fauci's tenure with the first Trump administration, he would later recall "I don't know what’s going on in his [Kennedy's] head, but it’s not good.”

The book became a New York Times best seller, selling over one million copies.

Science-Based Medicine
Science-Based Medicine is a website and blog with articles covering issues in science and medicine, especially medical scams and practices. Founded in 2008, it is owned and operated by the New England Skeptical Society, and run by Steven Novella and David Gorski.
Albert R. Day
Albert R. Day (December 1861 -January 21, 1924) was an American educator and politician from Maine. Day, a Republican from Corinna, Penobscot County was Maine Senate President.

Day was a high school teacher and principal, eventually becoming Superintendent of Schools in Corinna. He left that profession in 1887, and in 1893 was elected to the Maine House of Representatives. In 1895, he was elected to the Maine Senate, and was re-elected in 1897, also becoming President of the Maine Senate that year.

Maine Republican Party
The Maine Republican Party is an affiliate of the United States Republican Party in Maine. It was founded in Strong, Maine, on August 7, 1854. The party currently does not control the governor's office or either chamber of the Maine Legislature, nor either of Maine's two U.S. House. The only federal elected office that the party controls is one of Maine's two U.S. Senate seats, currently held by Susan Collins.
Swami Avdheshanand Giri
Swami Avdheshanand Giri (born 1962) is an Indian Hindu spiritual guru, writer and philosopher. He is the current Acharya Mahamandaleshwar of Juna Akhara. Juna Akhara is the largest Akhara for Naga Sadhus in India. Giri has initiated about one million Naga sadhus. His Ashram is situated at Kankhal, Haridwar. He is the president of Hindu Dharm Acharya Sabha and also a board member of the World Council of Religious Leaders.

Kankhal
Kankhal is a small colony in Haridwar in the Haridwar district of Uttarakhand state in India.

Mentioned in the Vayu Purana and the Mahabharata as Kanakhala, Kankhal is one of 'Panch Tirth' (Five Pilgrimages) within Haridwar, with other spots being Gangadwara (Har ki Pauri), Kushwart (Ghat in Kankhal), Bilwa Teerth (Mansa Devi Temple) and Neel Parvat (Chandi Devi Temple).

It is most known for the Daksheswara Mahadev Temple, Maa Anandamoyi Ashram and numerous other ashrams and old houses with exquisite wall paintings built by Hindu pilgrims in the 19th century.
HMS Greenwich
Six ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Greenwich after the town of Greenwich, now part of London:

HMS Greenwich (1666) was a 54-gun fourth rate launched in 1666. She was rebuilt in 1699 and again in 1730, before being wrecked in 1744.

HMS Greenwich (1747) was a 50-gun fourth rate launched in 1747 and captured by the French in 1757.

HMS Greenwich (1777) was a 26-gun East Indiaman purchased in 1777 and sold in 1783.

HMS Greenwich (1778) was a 12-gun sloop captured from the Americans in 1778 and wrecked in 1779.

HMS Greenwich was previously HMS Rodney, a 74-gun third rate launched in 1809.  She was renamed Greenwich in 1827 and rearmed to 50 guns before being sold in 1836.

HMS Greenwich (1915) was a Greek merchant ship, converted on the stocks to a depot ship and launched in 1915. In 1939 she was converted into a wireless telegraphy ship at Henry Robb shipyard in Leith. She was sold into mercantile service in 1946 and renamed Hembury.

HMS Rodney (1809)
HMS Rodney was a 74-gun third rate Vengeur-class ship of the line built for the Royal Navy in the first decade of the 19th century. Completed in 1810, she played a minor role in the Napoleonic Wars. She sometimes served as a flagship.

The Dockyard was suffering from a shortage of seasoned timber at the time Rodney was being built. In consequence the hull was built from unseasoned wood which quickly shrank and rotted when exposed to seawater. After just three years at sea all of the hull fastenings had given way and Rodney was returned to Deptford for decommissioning.

In 1827 she was reduced to a 50-gun ship, and in 1836 Rodney was sold out of the Navy.

In commercial service, Rodney collided with the British paddle steamer Thames at Havana, Cuba, on 11 October 1846, destroying her pinnace, and was driven ashore.