hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Themba Mahlaba
Themba Louis Mahlaba (born 24 February 1963) is a South African politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 2006 to 2009. He was sworn in on 24 July 2006, filling the casual vacancy created by Cheryl Gillwald's resignation earlier that year. He did not stand for re-election in 2009.

2009 South African general election
General elections were held in South Africa on 22 April 2009 to elect members of the National Assembly and provincial legislatures. These were the fourth general elections held since the end of the apartheid era.

The North Gauteng High Court ruled on 9 February 2009 that South African citizens living abroad should be allowed to vote in elections. The judgment was confirmed by the Constitutional Court on 12 March 2009, when it decided that overseas voters who were already registered would be allowed to vote. Registered voters who found themselves outside their registered voting districts on election day were also permitted to vote for the national ballot at any voting station in South Africa.

The result was a victory for the ruling African National Congress (ANC), which won 264 of the 400 seats in the National Assembly, a fifteen seat reduction compared to the 2004 elections and losing its two-thirds supermajority. ANC leader Jacob Zuma became president.
Bazar Dara
Bazar Dara (Bāzār Darra, Tágh Nák, Tokanak or Maza Dala) was a small mining community at the junction of the Bazar Dara and Yarkand Rivers south of the Kunlun Mountains in the Xinjiang region of China, bordering on the Taklamakan Desert.

'Dara' means 'cliff' in the Uyghur language. Bazar Dara can, therefore, be translated, 'Cliff Bazaar' or 'Cliff Market,' an apt description of this ancient settlement. It is 139 km west of Shahidulla, and 25 km west of modern Mazar (Chinese: Mazha 麻扎), which name simply indicates the shrine of a Muslim holy man.

"The name of this kingdom is written Deruo [or Dere] 得若 in the Tangshu (ch. CCXXI, a, p. 9b) and Yiruo 億若 in the Weilüe. . . ." Translated and adapted from Édouard Chavannes: "Les pays d’Occident d’après le Heou Han chou." T’oung pao 8, (1907), p. 175, n. 2.

Édouard Chavannes
Émmanuel-Édouard Chavannes (5 October 1865 – 29 January 1918) was a French sinologist and expert on Chinese history and religion, and is best known for his translations of major segments of Sima Qian's Records of the Grand Historian, the work's first ever translation into a Western language.

Chavannes was a prolific and influential scholar, and was one of the most accomplished Sinologists of the modern era notwithstanding his relatively early death at age 52 in 1918.  A successor of 19th century French sinologists Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat and Stanislas Julien, Chavannes was largely responsible for the development of Sinology and Chinese scholarship into a respected field in the realm of French scholarship.
Grossmont College
Grossmont College is a public community college in El Cajon, California. Its name originated with the silent film actor and producer William J. Gross, who was enticed by Ed Fletcher to invest in the purchase of land, part of which was called Grossmont. The campus sits in the Fletcher Hills community of El Cajon and is bordered by the cities of San Diego and Santee. Grossmont College along with Cuyamaca College make up what is the Grossmont–Cuyamaca Community College District. Grossmont is part of the California Community Colleges system.

Grossmont College is also home to Grossmont Middle College High School, where selected high school students can receive both high school and college credit for taking courses on campus. The newspaper for Grossmont College is The Summit. Its radio station is Griffin Radio.

Fletcher Hills
The Fletcher Hills are a low mountain range in the Peninsular Ranges, in southwestern San Diego County, California.

The name Fletcher Hills also refers to a neighborhood near San Diego, California which lies primarily in the city of El Cajon and partially in La Mesa. The area was developed in 1927–1928 by San Diego developer Ed Fletcher.
Cereal coffee
A cereal coffee (also known as grain coffee, roasted grain drink or roasted grain beverage) is a hot drink made from one or more cereal grains roasted and commercially processed into crystal or powder form to be reconstituted later in hot water. The product is often marketed as a caffeine-free alternative to coffee and tea, or in other cases where those drinks are scarce or expensive.

Several well-known cereal coffee brands are Nestlé Caro, Postum, and Inka. Other brands can be found at health food stores and at some grocery stores. Some common ingredients include toasted barley, malted barley, rye, chicory, molasses, brown rice, chickpeas, sorghum, and beet root.

Drink
A drink or beverage is a liquid intended for human consumption. In addition to their basic function of satisfying thirst, drinks play important roles in human culture. Common types of drinks include plain drinking water, milk, juice, smoothies and soft drinks. Traditionally warm beverages encompass coffee, tea, and hot chocolate. Caffeinated drinks that contain the stimulant caffeine, have been consumed for centuries.

In addition, alcoholic drinks such as wine, beer, and liquor, which contain the psychoactive substance ethanol, have been part of human culture for more than 8,000 years. Non-alcoholic drinks typically refer to beverages that are traditionally alcoholic—such as beer, wine, or cocktails—but are produced with a very low alcohol by volume content. This category includes beverages that have undergone processes to remove or significantly reduce alcohol, such as non-alcoholic beers and de-alcoholized wines.
2013 Sultan of Johor Cup
The 2013 Sultan of Johor Cup was the third edition of the Sultan of Johor Cup. It was held in Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia from 22 to 29 September 2013.

The number of teams for this year's cup is the same compared to the previous tournament where six teams competed.

India defeated Malaysia 3–0 in the final match to win the cup.

Argentina men's national under-21 field hockey team
The Argentina men's national under-21 field hockey team represents Argentina in men's international under-21 field hockey competitions and is controlled by the Argentine Hockey Confederation, the governing body for field hockey in Argentina.

The team competes in the Pan American Junior Championship which they have won a record 13 times. They have qualified for all Junior World Cups which they have won twice.
History of political Catalanism
The history of Catalan political nationalism, also referred to as Catalanism (Catalan: catalanisme), traces its origins to the early years of the Bourbon Restoration in Spain following the failure of the federalist system of the short-lived First Spanish Republic. However, its roots extend to the first half of the 19th century, driven by the cultural revival movement known as the Renaixença and opposition to the centralist model of the liberal Spanish state. Historian John H. Elliott notes that the term "Catalanism," previously associated with cultural movements, began to take on significant political meaning during the Revolutionary Sexennium (1868–1874). Specifically, the term "Catalanist" emerged around 1870–1871, used by members of Jove Catalunya and the journal La Renaixensa to signify ambitions beyond mere regionalism. As a political movement, Catalanism solidified in the late 1880s.

Francesc Cambó
Francesc Cambó i Batlle (Catalan pronunciation: [fɾənˈsɛsk kəmˈbo]; 2 September 1876 – 30 April 1947) was a conservative Spanish politician from Catalonia, founder and leader of the autonomist party Lliga Regionalista. He was a minister in several Spanish governments. He supported a number of artistic and cultural endeavours, especially, the translation of Greek and Latin classical texts to Catalan.
Saint-Mathieu-de-Beloeil
Saint-Mathieu-de-Beloeil (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ matjø də bɛlœj]) is a municipality in southwestern Quebec, Canada, east of Montreal in the Regional County Municipality of La Vallée-du-Richelieu. The population as of the 2021 Canadian Census was 2,952.

Classification of municipalities in Quebec
The following is a list of the types of local and supralocal territorial units in Quebec, Canada, including those used solely for statistical purposes, as defined by the Ministry of Municipal Affairs, Regions and Land Occupancy and compiled by the Institut de la statistique du Québec

Not included are the urban agglomerations in Quebec, which, although they group together multiple municipalities, exercise only what are ordinarily local municipal powers.

A list of local municipal units in Quebec by regional county municipality can be found at List of municipalities in Quebec.
Rajiv Ghai
Lieutenant General  Rajiv Ghai, SYSM, UYSM, AVSM, SM** is a senior general officer in the Indian Army serving as Deputy Chief of Army Staff (Strategy). He previously served as the Director General of Military Operations (DGMO). He has held various command and strategic positions, particularly in the region of Jammu and Kashmir.

Deputy Chief of the Army Staff (India)
The Deputy Chiefs of the Army Staff (DCOAS) are Principal Staff Officers (PSOs) of the Indian Army, and are three-star rank appointments held by Lieutenant Generals. Currently the rank of DCOAS has three divisions:- Capability Development and Sustenance, Information Systems & Training and Strategy.
Lucky Chance
Lucky Chance is a 1994 Telugu-language comedy film, produced by C. Sarath Babu under the Sri Madhav Arts banner and directed by Siva Nageswara Rao. It stars Rajendra Prasad, Kanchan and music composed by Sri. The film was inspired by the 1954 classic movie Chakrapani, which itself was based on Malladi Venkata Krishna Murthy's novel Vitamin M. The film was recorded as a Hit at the box office.

Chakrapani (film)
Chakrapani is a 1954 Indian Telugu-language comedy film, produced and directed by P. S. Ramakrishna Rao under the Bharani Pictures banner. It stars Bhanumathi and Akkineni Nageswara Rao with music composed and songs sung by Bhanumathi.
Cobb & Co. (restaurant)
Cobb & Co. is a New Zealand family restaurant chain.

It is New Zealand's oldest surviving family restaurant chain, having opened its first branch in 1973. Its name derives from the Cobb & Co stagecoach business originally founded in Australia in the 19th century by Freeman Cobb, although the chain has no direct historical connection with that company.

The chain's trademark feature is a stagecoach theme with red saloon-style doors. It offers a casual dining menu with steak, hamburgers, seafood, and similar items. It is known for its   non-alcoholic mocktail drinks.

Western saloon
A Western saloon is a kind of bar particular to the Old West. Saloons served customers such as fur trappers, cowboys, soldiers, lumberjacks, businessmen, lawmen, outlaws, miners, and gamblers. A saloon might also be known as a "watering trough, bughouse, shebang, cantina, grogshop, and gin mill". The first saloon was established at Brown's Hole, Wyoming, in 1822, to serve fur trappers.

By 1880, the growth of saloons was in full swing. In Leavenworth, Kansas, there were "about 150 saloons and four wholesale liquor houses". Some saloons in the Old West were little more than casinos, brothels, and opium dens.
Nathalie Desmares
Nathalie Desmares  (born 18 May 1972) is a French snowboarder.

She was born in L'Aigle. She competed at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, in women's giant slalom, and she competed at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, in women's parallel giant slalom.

Desmares competed in the Parallel giant slalom with Sylvain Dufour as a partner in 2018.

Giant slalom
Giant slalom (GS) is an alpine skiing and alpine snowboarding competitive discipline. It involves racing between sets of poles ("gates") spaced at a greater distance from each other than in slalom, but less than in Super-G.

Giant slalom and slalom make up the technical events in alpine ski racing. This category separates them from the speed events of Super-G and downhill.  The technical events are normally composed of two runs, held on different courses on the same ski run.
MV Sea Empress
MV Sea Empress was a single-hull Suezmax oil tanker that ran aground at the entrance to the Milford Haven harbour on the southwest coast of Wales in February 1996.  The ensuing oil spill, Britain's third largest oil spillage and the 12th largest in the world at the time, devastated a considerable area of local coastline and killed many birds, and continued to affect the Pembrokeshire coast for years afterwards.

Suezmax
"Suezmax" is a naval architecture term for the largest ship measurements capable of transiting the Suez Canal in a laden condition, and is almost exclusively used in reference to tankers. The limiting factors are beam, draft, height (because of the Suez Canal Bridge), and length (even though the canal has no locks).
Terence O'Loghlin
Lieutenant-General Terence O'Loghlin (1764 – 15 August 1843) was an Irish British Army officer. Born in County Clare in the Kingdom of Ireland, he joined the army in 1782 as an ensign in the 45th Foot. He served in the Flanders Campaign during the French Revolutionary Wars and was wounded twice. He transferred into the Life Guards and rose to the rank of colonel by 1808. He served in the Peninsular War from January 1813 to April 1814. He was breveted as a major general and commanded the First Cavalry Brigade of the Duke of Wellington's army.

He retired to half pay in 1821, but had one final promotion to lieutenant general in 1825 before fully retiring in 1827. He lived at The Grange, Chalfont St Peter in Buckinghamshire. He died in London in August 1843.

Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom)
Lieutenant general (Lt Gen), formerly more commonly lieutenant-general, is a senior rank in the British Army and the Royal Marines. It is the equivalent of a multinational three-star rank; some British lieutenant generals sometimes wear three-star insignia, in addition to their standard insignia, when on multinational operations.

Lieutenant general is a superior rank to major general, but subordinate to a (full) general. The rank has a NATO rank code of OF-8, equivalent to a vice-admiral in the Royal Navy and an air marshal in the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the air forces of many Commonwealth countries.

The rank insignia for both the Army and the Royal Marines is a crown over a crossed sabre and baton. During the reign of Elizabeth II, the St Edward's Crown, commonly known as the Queen's Crown, was depicted. Before 1953, and again since the accession of Charles III in 2022, the Tudor Crown has been used.
Filipp Mironov
Filipp Kuzmich Mironov (Russian: Филипп Кузьмич Миронов; 1872–1921) was a Bolshevik revolutionary leader during and after the Russian Revolution. He actively supported the idea of democracy in the form of the Soviet Republic, was one of the first commanders in the Red Army. Mironov was commander of the Cavalry Corps and refused to subordinate himself to the orders of the Southern Front Command. He had organised a mutiny with 5,000 Red Guards in 1919.

In response, he was trialled in a military tribunal organised by Trotsky and initially sentenced to death for military insubordination. He was pardoned on the eve of this execution due to the intervention of Trotsky and Lenin, but later re-arrested on charges for conspiring to organise an insurrection against the Soviet government. According to historian Laura Engelstein, the documents do not specify "if the charges had any foundation". Mironov was shot by the Cheka in Moscow.

Insubordination
Insubordination is the act of willfully disobeying a lawful order of one's superior. It is generally a punishable offense in hierarchical organizations such as the armed forces, which depend on people lower in the chain of command obeying orders.
Wisconsin's 55th Assembly district
The 55th Assembly district of the Wisconsin is one of 99 districts in the Wisconsin State Assembly.  Located in east-central Wisconsin, the district comprises most of Winnebago County and part of southern Outagamie County.  It includes all of the city of Omro and the village of Winneconne, the portion of Fox Crossing west of the Fox River, and the southern quarter of the city of Oshkosh. The district is represented by Republican Nate Gustafson, since January 2023.

The 55th Assembly district is located within Wisconsin's 19th Senate district, along with the 56th and 57th Assembly districts.

Omro Village Hall and Engine House in Omro

Fox River viewed from Omro

Winneconne, Wisconsin
Winneconne is a village in Winnebago County, Wisconsin. The population was 2,544 at the time of the 2020 census. The village is located within the Town of Winneconne. Developed along the Wolf River, the community is in the middle of the Wolf Chain of lakes, including Poygan, Winneconne, and Butte des Morts. It is host to numerous bass fishing tournaments.
Daienne Lima
Daienne Cardoso Lima (born 9 June 1993) is a Brazilian individual trampolinist who has represented the nation at international competitions.

She has competed at world championships, including at the 2010, 2011, 2015 Trampoline World Championships. She has also competed at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics.

2015 Trampoline World Championships
The 31st Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships was held at the Stadium Arena Fyn in Odense, Denmark, from November 25–28, 2015. This event was the first qualifying round for the 2016 Olympics which was held in Rio de Janeiro. The top 8 men and women automatically earned their nation quota places for the Olympics, subject to a maximum of two quota places per nation. A further 16 of each sex will get a second chance to earn a quota place at the Rio de Janeiro test event in April 2016 for a further five spots.
John Ronan
John Ronan (born 1963, Grand Rapids, Michigan) is an American architect, designer and educator based in Chicago, in the United States. John Ronan FAIA is founding principal of John Ronan Architects in Chicago, founded in 1999.

Designer
A designer is a person who plans the form or structure of something before it is made, by preparing drawings or plans. In practice, anyone who creates tangible or intangible objects, products, processes, laws, games, graphics, services, or experiences can be called a designer.
Robert Tennant
Robert Tennant (1828 – 5 March 1900) of Chapel House in the parish of Conistone (now Conistone with Kilnsey, Burnsall), Yorkshire, England, was the Conservative Party Member of Parliament for Leeds, Yorkshire, from 1874 to 1880. He served as a captain in the Yorkshire Hussars and as a Justice of the Peace for Yorkshire and for Ross and Cromarty and Sutherland in Scotland.

Conistone
Conistone is a small village in the county of North Yorkshire, England. It lies 3 miles (5 km) north of Grassington, 3 miles (5 km) south of Kettlewell and 12 miles (19 km) north of Skipton beside the River Wharfe, in Upper Wharfedale.
1882 New York gubernatorial election
The 1882 New York gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 1882.

Republican incumbent Alonzo B. Cornell ran for re-election to a second term in office, but was defeated for the Republican nomination by Charles J. Folger, the Secretary of the Treasury under President Chester A. Arthur. Folger's nomination was a victory for President Arthur and the Stalwart faction of the state party, but he was badly defeated in the general election by the mayor of Buffalo, Grover Cleveland.

John C. Robinson
John Cleveland Robinson (April 10, 1817 – February 18, 1897) was an American soldier in the United States Army. Robinson had a long and distinguished military career, fighting in many wars and culminating his career as a brigadier general and brevet major general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

In 1866, President Andrew Johnson made Robinson a brevet grade of major general in the regular army, which was approved by the U.S. Senate. He received the Medal of Honor for valor in action in 1864 near Spotsylvania Courthouse, Virginia, where he lost a leg.

He retired from the U.S. Army on May 6, 1869, and was placed on the retired list as a full rank major general. After his army service, he served as Lieutenant Governor of the state of New York from 1873 to 1874, and served two terms as the president of the Grand Army of the Republic.
Stanley Plotkin
Stanley Alan Plotkin (born 12 May 1932) is an American physician and virologist who specialized in the development of vaccines. In the 1960s, he played a pivotal role in the discovery of a vaccine against rubella virus while at Wistar Institute in Philadelphia. Plotkin was a member of Wistar’s research faculty from 1960 to 1991. In addition to his emeritus position at Wistar, he is emeritus professor of pediatrics at the University of Pennsylvania.  His book, Vaccines, is the standard reference on the subject. As of 2025, Vaccines is in its eighth edition. Plotkin is also an editor of Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, which is published by the American Society for Microbiology in Washington, D.C..

Paul de Kruif
Paul Henry de Kruif (/dəˈkraɪf/, rhyming with "life") (March 2, 1890 – February 28, 1971) was an American microbiologist and writer. Publishing as Paul de Kruif, he is known for his 1926 book, Microbe Hunters.  This book was not only a bestseller for a lengthy period after publication, but has remained high on lists of recommended reading for science and has been an inspiration for many aspiring physicians and scientists.
Bishop (artillery)
The Bishop, formal designation Ordnance QF 25-pdr on Carrier Valentine 25-pdr Mk 1, was a British self-propelled gun vehicle based on the Valentine tank and armed with the QF 25-pounder gun-howitzer, which could fire an 87.6 mm (3.45 in) 11.5 kg (25 lb) HE shell or an armour-piercing shell. A result of a rushed attempt to create a self-propelled gun, the vehicle had numerous problems, was produced in limited numbers and was soon replaced by better designs.

Gun-howitzer
Gun-howitzer (also referred to as gun howitzer) is a type of artillery weapon that is intended to fulfill the roles of both an ordinary cannon or field gun, and of a howitzer. It is thus able to convey both direct and indirect fire. Modern gun-howitzers are usually identified just as howitzers.

To be able to serve as a howitzer, gun-howitzers are typically built to achieve at least 60° to 70° of elevation. For effective direct fire, the gun-howitzers typically employ a fairly long gun barrel, usually not shorter than 30 calibres. Also, its ammunition has a high muzzle velocity and is usually of large calibre (120 millimetres (4.72 in) or greater).
Clearwater Women's Open
The Clearwater Women's Open was a tournament for professional female tennis players played on outdoor hardcourts. The event was classified as a $25,000 ITF Women's Circuit tournament and was held in Clearwater, Florida, United States, from 2005 to 2012.

Clearwater, Florida
Clearwater is a city in and the county seat of Pinellas County, Florida, United States, west of Tampa and north of St. Petersburg. To the west of Clearwater lies the Gulf of Mexico and to the southeast lies Tampa Bay. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 117,292. It is the smallest of the three principal cities in the Tampa–St. Petersburg–Clearwater metropolitan area, most commonly referred to as the Tampa Bay area.

Clearwater Beach is part of the city of Clearwater, but is separated from it by the Intracoastal Waterway. Cleveland Street is one of the city's historic avenues, and the city includes BayCare Ballpark and Coachman Park.

The Church of Scientology owns the majority of property in the Clearwater downtown core district.