hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Baseball's Sad Lexicon
"Baseball's Sad Lexicon," also known as "Tinker to Evers to Chance" after its refrain, is a 1910 baseball poem by Franklin Pierce Adams. The eight-line poem is presented as a single, rueful stanza from the point of view of a New York Giants fan watching the Chicago Cubs infield of shortstop Joe Tinker, second baseman Johnny Evers, and first baseman Frank Chance complete a double play. These three players helped the Cubs win four National League championships and two World Series from 1906 to 1910.

"Baseball's Sad Lexicon" became popular across the United States among sportswriters, who wrote their own verses along the same vein. The poem only enhanced the reputations of Tinker, Evers, and Chance over the succeeding decades as the phrase became synonymous with a feat of smooth and ruthless efficiency. It has been credited with their elections to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1946.

Chris McCaughan
Chris McCaughan (born March 30, 1977), also known as Sundowner, is the guitarist and vocalist in the band The Lawrence Arms. McCaughan was formerly the guitarist for the bands Tricky Dick and The Broadways (the latter also featuring fellow Arms bandmate Brendan Kelly). His solo music is released under the name Sundowner.
Ilan Uti
Ilan Uti (Īlān Ūtī) also called Āq Kūtal ("White Pass"), is a strategic passage between the Zarafshān Valley and the Eurasian Steppe, separating Samarkand from Jizakh, Ūrā Tippa and Khojand. Located two hours east of Samarkand, it formed an extremely narrow gorge which was said to teem with snakes. This earned it the moniker "Snake Pass." Many travelers passing through in the nineteenth century called it the "Gateway of Tamerlane."

Zarafshon (river)
The Zarafshon is a river in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Its name 'spreader of gold' in Persian refers to the presence of gold-bearing sands in the upper reaches of the river. It was known as the Polytimetus by the ancient Greeks. The river is known in Russian as Zeravshan, and it was also formerly known as the Sughd River.  The river is 877 kilometres (545 mi) long and has a basin area of 17,700 square kilometres (6,800 mi2).
Maxyne Finkelstein
Maxyne Finkelstein is a non profit professional who is President of the Morris and Rosalind Goodman Family Foundation, based in Montreal, Canada.  Her previous professional positions included Chief of Staff of the Genesis Prize, Chief Operating Officer of Taglit Birthright Israel, and chief executive officer of the Jewish Agency for Israel, North America, among other top level positions in the global Jewish community.

Genesis Prize
The Genesis Prize (Hebrew: פרס בראשית) is a $1 million annual prize awarded to people who have achieved significant professional success, in recognition of their accomplishments, contributions to humanity, and commitment to Jewish values. Genesis Lifetime Achievement Awards have also been awarded.
Cargile membrane
A Cargile membrane was a sterile membrane made from the peritoneum of the ox, and was the first commercially available adhesion barrier. Its first reported use was in 1905. It was used in abdominal surgery to interpose between raw surfaces and thus prevent the formation of adhesions. It was also used to envelop freshly sutured nerves or tendons, and to protect wounds.

It was designed primarily to cover surfaces over which peritoneum has been removed, especially where a sterile membrane would lessen the formation of adhesion. It was available in the size of 4 × 6 inches, and sometimes used as packaging or a protective sheath.

It was named for American surgeon Charles H. Cargile (1853–1930), who first used it ca. 1900, according to Dorland's Medical Dictionary.

Tendon
A tendon or sinew is a tough band of dense fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone. It sends the mechanical forces of muscle contraction to the skeletal system, while withstanding tension.

Tendons, like ligaments, are made of collagen. The difference is that ligaments connect bone to bone, while tendons connect muscle to bone. There are about 4,000 tendons in the adult human body.
To the Public Danger
To the Public Danger is a 1948 British drama short film directed by Terence Fisher and produced by John Croydon. It stars Dermot Walsh, Susan Shaw, Barry Letts, and Frederick Piper.

The film was made at Highbury Studios as a second feature for release by the Rank Organisation. Like other Highbury productions, it offered acting opportunities for several of Rank's young contract stars. The film's sets were designed by Don Russell, although a number of the scenes were shot on location.

The screenplay, written by T.J. Morrison and Arthur Reid, was based on a 1939 radio play by Patrick Hamilton, who had been encouraged to write the story as part of a government road safety campaign. Hamilton had himself been knocked down by a drunk driver. The story was updated slightly, and represents the post-war malaise with the use of noirish sequences. After making the film Fisher graduated to directing several more expensive productions for Gainsborough Pictures.

Gainsborough Pictures
Gainsborough Pictures was a British film studio based on the south bank of the Regent's Canal, in Poole Street, Hoxton, London. Gainsborough Studios was active between 1924 and 1951. The company was initially based at Islington Studios, which were built as a power station for the Great Northern & City Railway and later converted to studios.

Other films were made at Lime Grove and Pinewood Studios. The former Islington studio was converted to flats in 2004 and a London Borough of Hackney historical plaque is attached to the building. The studio is best remembered for the Gainsborough melodramas it produced in the 1940s.

Gainsborough Pictures is now owned by Gregory Motton.
Mohammad Hassan Ganji
Mohammad Hassan Ganji, Ph.D. (Persian: محمدحسن گنجی‎; June 11, 1912 – July 19, 2012) was an Iranian meteorologist and academic. He was born in Birjand. He is credited as being the father of modern geography in Iran.

Meteorologist
A meteorologist is a scientist who studies and works in the field of meteorology aiming to understand or predict Earth's atmospheric phenomena including the weather. Those who study meteorological phenomena are meteorologists in research, while those using mathematical models and knowledge to prepare daily weather forecasts are called weather forecasters or operational meteorologists.

Meteorologists work in government agencies, private consulting and research services, industrial enterprises, utilities, radio and television stations, and in education. They are not to be confused with weather presenters, who present the weather forecast in the media and range in training from journalists having just minimal training in meteorology to full-fledged meteorologists.
George Henry Challenger
George Henry Challenger (1881–1947) was a British aviator and aero-engineer, originally with the Bristol Aeroplane Company and later with Vickers. He designed a number of aircraft and held a number of aviation-related patents.

Vickers Limited
Vickers Limited was a British engineering conglomerate. The business began in Sheffield in 1828 as a steel foundry and became known for its church bells, going on to make shafts and propellers for ships, armour plate and then artillery. Entire large ships, cars, tanks and torpedoes followed. Airships and aircraft were added, and Vickers jet airliners were to remain in production until 1965.

Financial problems following the death of the Vickers brothers were resolved in 1927 by separating Metropolitan Carriage Wagon and Finance Company and Metropolitan-Vickers, then merging the remaining bulk of the original business with Armstrong Whitworth to form Vickers-Armstrongs. The Vickers name resurfaced as Vickers plc between 1977 and 1999.
Raggio
Raggio is an Italian surname. It is derived from the Latin word raius (English: fame, glory). Notable people with the surname include:

Brady Raggio (born 1972), baseball player

Giuseppe Raggio (1823–1916), Italian painter

Grier Raggio, American lawyer and politician

Louise Raggio, (1919–2011), American lawyer from Texas

Luca Raggio (born 1995), Italian cyclist

Olga Raggio (1926–2009), art historian and curator

Silvano Raggio Garibaldi (born 1989), Italian football player

Tommaso Raggio (1531–1599), Jesuit missionary

William Raggio (1926–2012), American politician from Nevada

Olga Raggio
Olga Raggio (5 February 1926 – 24 January 2009) was an art historian and curator who worked with the Metropolitan Museum of Art for over 60 years, and discovered the 'lost' bust of Cosimo I de' Medici by Bartolommeo Bandinelli.
SNCF Class Z 8800
The SNCF Class Z 8800 is a double-deck, dual-voltage electric multiple unit trainset that are operated by SNCF on the Réseau Express Régional (RER), a hybrid suburban commuter and rapid transit system and the Transilien, a suburban commuter rail system, both serving Paris and its Île-de-France suburbs.

The 58 trainsets were built by a consortium of ANF, CIMT, and TCO between 1985 and 1988

Consortium
A consortium (pl. consortiums or consortia) is an association of two or more individuals, companies, organizations, or governments (or any combination of these entities) with the objective of participating in a common activity or pooling their resources for achieving a common goal. Consortia are generally nonprofit with a goal to help its members improve their competitiveness in the specific field.

Consortium is a Latin word meaning "partnership", "association", or "society", and derives from consors ("shared in property"), itself from con- ("together") and sors ("fate").
Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020
This article documents the chronology of the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020, which originated in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Some developments may become known or fully understood only in retrospect. Reporting on this pandemic began in December 2019.

The regional global  responses are categorized by six WHO offices: Africa, Western Pacific, Eastern Mediterranean, South East Asia, Europes, and Americas.

Defense Production Act of 1950
The Defense Production Act (DPA) of 1950 (Pub. L. 81–774) is a United States federal law enacted on September 8, 1950, in response to the start of the Korean War. It was part of a broad civil defense and war mobilization effort in the context of the Cold War. Its implementing regulations, the Defense Priorities and Allocation System (DPAS), are located at 15 CFR §§700 to 700.93. Since 1950, the act has been reauthorized over 50 times. It has been periodically amended and remains in force.
Take Me to the River
"Take Me to the River" is a 1974 song written by singer Al Green and guitarist Mabon "Teenie" Hodges. Hit versions were recorded by Syl Johnson, Talking Heads, and Delbert McClinton. In 2004, Green's original version was ranked number 117 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. Green's 1974 recording was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2011.

Grammy Hall of Fame
The Grammy Hall of Fame is a hall of fame to honor musical recordings of lasting qualitative or historical significance. Inductees are selected annually by a special member committee of eminent and knowledgeable professionals from all branches of the recording arts. It is compiled by The Recording Academy in the United States, and was established in 1973. Recordings (singles and albums) in all genres are eligible for selection, and must be over 25 years old to be considered. Additions to the list are chosen annually by a committee of recording arts professionals.

Alphabetical listing by title:

List of Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients (A–D)

List of Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients (E–I)

List of Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients (J–P)

List of Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients (Q–Z)
Macedonian Idol
Macedonian Idol (Macedonian: Македонски идол, romanized: Makedonski idol) was a Macedonian talent show airing on A1 TV, based on the popular British show Pop Idol. The auditions for the first season started in 2010 and the series premiered on 13 November. It is hosted by Ivanna Hadžievska and Nenad Gjeorgjievski.

Romanization of Macedonian
The romanization of Macedonian is the transliteration of text in Macedonian from the Macedonian Cyrillic alphabet into the Latin alphabet. Romanization can be used for various purposes, such as rendering of proper names in foreign contexts, or for informal writing of Macedonian in environments where Cyrillic is not easily available. Official use of romanization by North Macedonia's authorities is found, for instance, on road signage and in passports. Several different codified standards of transliteration currently exist and there is widespread variability in practice.

Although used for transliteration, Macedonian Latin script is neither widespread nor used in any formal or semi-formal communication in Macedonia. The language law of Macedonia emphasizes Cyrillic as the only alphabet of Macedonian language.
The Gustav Sonata
The Gustav Sonata is a novel by English author Rose Tremain published in 2016 by Chatto & Windus.

It won the National Jewish Book Award in 2016 and the Ribalow Prize in 2017 and it was also shortlisted for the Costa Book Awards and the Walter Scott Prize in 2016 and longlisted for the  Baileys Women’s Prize for Fiction in 2017.

It was loosely based on Paul Grüninger, Police Chief of the Canton of St Gallen in 1937.

Ribalow Prize
The Ribalow Prize is a literary prize awarded annually by Hadassah Magazine the best work of fiction in English on a Jewish theme.

The prize, formally the Harold U. Ribalow Prize, was endowed in memory of Harold U. Ribalow, an American writer, editor, and anthologist.

The inaugural prize was given in 1983 to Chaim Grade for the short story collection Rabbis and Wives.  The stories, first published in Yiddish, were translated into English and published by Knopf in 1982.
Snowden Ashford
Snowden Ashford (1866–1927) was an American architect who worked in Washington, D.C., his native city.  Born on January 1, 1866, Ashford was educated at Rittenhouse Academy and at the Christian Brothers Roman Catholic school. He studied architecture at Lafayette College and, upon graduation, entered the office of Alfred B. Mullett, who had formerly been supervising architect of the United States Treasury. Ashford entered the District service in 1895 and became Washington's first municipal architect. The Washington Post characterized him as "Architect of the Everyday", and noted: "Ashford designed or supervised everything the District built between 1895 and 1921, including the North Hall at the Eastern Market. But he was most proud of his schools."

A number of his works are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

Lafayette College
Lafayette College is a private liberal arts college in Easton, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1826 by James Madison Porter and other citizens in Easton, the college first held classes in 1832. The founders voted to name the college after the Marquis de Lafayette, a hero of the American Revolution.

Located on College Hill in Easton, the campus overlooks the Delaware River and is situated in the Lehigh Valley, about 70 mi (110 km) west of New York City and 60 mi (97 km) north of Philadelphia. Lafayette enrolls approximately 2,700 undergraduate students and offers programs in the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, and engineering. The college emphasizes small class sizes and undergraduate research, and it competes in NCAA Division I athletics as a member of the Patriot League. As of 2024, its endowment was valued at over $1 billion.
Miss Asia Pacific International 2019
Miss Asia Pacific International 2019 was the fourth Miss Asia Pacific International pageant, held at the Newport Performing Arts Theater in Pasay, Metro Manila, Philippines, on October 9, 2019.

Sharifa Akeel of the Philippines crowned Chaiyenne Huisman of Spain at the end of the event.

Pasay
Pasay, officially the City of Pasay (Filipino: Lungsod ng Pasay; IPA: [ˈpaː.saɪ̯]), is a highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 453,186 people.

Due to its location just south of Manila, Pasay quickly became an urban town during the American colonial period. It is now best known for being the site of most of Ninoy Aquino International Airport and of complexes such as Newport City and the SM Central Business Park.
Joe McKee
Joseph John Paul McKee (born 31 October 1992) is a Scottish footballer who plays as a midfielder for Cumnock Juniors.

McKee has previously played for Livingston, Burnley, Bolton Wanderers, Greenock Morton, Carlisle United, Falkirk, Queen of the South and Dumbarton.

Scottish League One
The Scottish League One, known as William Hill League One for sponsorship reasons, is the third tier of the Scottish Professional Football League, the league competition for men's professional football clubs in Scotland. The Scottish League One was established in July 2013, after the Scottish Professional Football League was formed by a merger of the Scottish Premier League and Scottish Football League.
Aldermanite
Aldermanite is a rare hydrated phosphate mineral with formula Mg5Al12(PO4)8(OH)22·32H2O. It is named after Arthur Richard Alderman (1901–1980), Professor of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Adelaide. Its type locality is Moculta Phosphate Quarry (Klemm's Quarry), Angaston, Barossa Valley, North Mount Lofty Ranges, Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia, Australia.

Barossa Valley
The Barossa Valley (Barossa German: Barossa Tal) is a valley in South Australia located 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Adelaide city centre. The valley is formed by the North Para River. It is notable as a major wine-producing region and tourist destination.

The Barossa Valley Way is the main road through the valley, connecting the main towns on the valley floor of Nuriootpa, Tanunda, Rowland Flat and Lyndoch. The Barossa Trail walking and cycling path is 40 kilometres (25 mi) long, and passes the main towns, starting from near Gawler on the Adelaide Plains, to Angaston to the east of the valley.
Teemu Rinkinen
Teemu Rinkinen (born March 7, 1987) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey forward. He played in Liiga for Pelicans, Blues, HPK and KooKoo before ending his career in DEL2 in Germany with Dresdner Eislöwen.

KooKoo (ice hockey)
KooKoo is a Finnish ice hockey team playing in the first level of Finnish ice hockey league Liiga. KooKoo plays in the Lumon arena (capacity 5,950), in Kouvola.  The team was established in 1965 and the previous name of the club is Kouvolan Kiekko-65.
Hans Aaraas
Hans Aaraas (1919–1998) was a Norwegian literary researcher.

He was born in Skien. He took the mag.art. degree in 1947 and the dr.philos. degree in 1960 with a thesis on Georges Bernanos. He was a lecturer in Norwegian at Sorbonne from 1949 to 1953, lecturer at the University of Oslo from 1956 to 1961 and professor of French literature at the University of Bergen from 1961 to 1986. He was visiting faculty at the University of Washington from 1984 to 1985. He was awarded the Bastian Prize for translation in 1982.

Georges Bernanos
Louis Émile Clément Georges Bernanos (French: [ʒɔʁʒ bɛʁnanɔs]; 20 February 1888 – 5 July 1948) was a French author, and a soldier in World War I. A Catholic with monarchist leanings, he was critical of elitist thought and was opposed to what he identified as defeatism. He believed this had led to France's defeat and eventual occupation by Germany in 1940 during World War II. His two best-known novels Sous le soleil de Satan (1926) and the Journal d'un curé de campagne (1936) both revolve around a parish priest who combats evil and despair in the world. Most of his novels have been translated into English and frequently published in both Great Britain and the United States.
1956 LPGA Championship
The 1956 LPGA Championship was the second LPGA Championship, held June 21–24 at Forest Lake Country Club in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, a suburb northwest of Detroit.

Marlene Hagge, age 22, won her only major title in a sudden death playoff over runner-up Patty Berg, who missed a bogey putt on the first playoff hole to stay alive. The two were co-leaders after 54 holes and both shot 76 (+1) in the final round to tie at 291 (−9), five strokes ahead of third-place finisher Betty Jameson. Defending champion Beverly Hanson finished ten strokes back, tied for sixth.

The course hosted its second major two years later, the U.S. Women's Open in 1958.

Women's major golf championships
Women's golf has a set of major championships, a series of tournaments designated to be of a higher status than other tournaments. Five tournaments are currently designated as 'majors' in women's golf by the LPGA.

The LPGA's list of majors has changed in constitution since the first major was held at the Women's Western Open in 1930. There have been four different periods, 1930 to 1972, 1973 to 2000, 2001 to 2013, and the current version which began in 2014. The current version of tournaments is the Chevron Championship, The Evian Championship, U.S. Women's Open, Women's PGA Championship, The Women's Open.
James Whitney Bettes
James Whitney Bettes (October 17, 1848 – November 29, 1925) was an Ontario merchant and political figure. He represented Muskoka and Parry Sound in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Liberal member from 1882 to 1883.

He was born in Prince Albert, Ontario County, Canada West in 1848, the son of John Bettes. In 1872, Bettes married Martha Maria Crosby, a granddaughter of John Willson. He served on the council for Uxbridge. He was elected to the provincial assembly in an 1882 by-election held after John Classon Miller resigned to run unsuccessfully for a seat in the House of Commons.

He died in 1925 at Dauphin, Manitoba.

Scugog
Scugog is a township in the Regional Municipality of Durham, south-central Ontario, Canada. It is northeast of Toronto and just north of Oshawa.  The anchor and largest population base of the township is Port Perry. The township has a population of roughly 22,500. A smaller Scugog Township was also a historic municipality and geographic township prior to the amalgamation that formed the current municipality.
William Bowers Bourn II
William Bowers Bourn II (31 May 1857 – 5 July 1936) was an American entrepreneur and socialite. Bourn ran and controlled the Empire Mine and the San Francisco Gas Company, he was an investor in Spring Valley Water Company, and he led a merger to what later became Pacific Gas and Electric Company. Bourn II was the builder of many estates in California, including Filoli, the country estate in San Mateo County, California.

Socialite
A socialite is a person, typically a woman from a wealthy or aristocratic background, who is prominent in high society. A socialite generally spends a significant amount of time attending various fashionable social gatherings, instead of having traditional employment.