hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Geology of Ceredigion
The bedrock geology of Ceredigion (formerly Cardiganshire) in west Wales consists wholly of a considerable thickness of Ordovician and Silurian age sedimentary rocks 
of marine origin. Unconsolidated (or 'superficial') deposits of 
Quaternary age include a widespread cover of glacial till, valley floor alluvium and scattered peat deposits in both upland and lowland settings.

Tregaron
Tregaron (Welsh: [treˈɡaːrɔn] "town of St Caron") is an ancient market town in Ceredigion, Wales. It is sited astride the River Brenig, a tributary of the River Teifi, and is 11 miles (18 km) north-east of Lampeter. According to the 2011 Census, the population of the ward of Tregaron was 1,213 and 67% of the population could speak Welsh; Tregaron is a community covering 33 square miles (85 km2); two-thirds of the population were born in Wales.
Photographic quantity
Photographic quantity (also known as photoquantity) is a measure of the amount of light received by a sensor, such as a camera, in dimensionless units that account for information lost by integration over the spectral response of the sensor, while otherwise preserving the linear relationship involved in the interaction of light through one or more exposures. The photoquantity is neither radiometric nor photometric. The photoquantity is not radiometric because the sensor, camera, or the like, is not an ideal receiving antenna. Rather, the sensor has some non-flat spectral response. The photoquantity is not photometric, because the sensor's spectral response does not necessarily match the spectral response of the human eye.

Photoquantities are often involved in the solutions to comparametric equations, appear in research papers dealing with image processing, and are also used in the production of visual art made from multiple differently illuminated pictures of the same subject matter.

Photometry (optics)
Photometry is a branch of optics that deals with measuring light in terms of its perceived brightness to the human eye. It is concerned with quantifying the amount of light that is emitted, reflected, transmitted, or received by an object or a system.

Photometric quantities (e.g., luminous flux) are related to their radiometric analogs (e.g., radiant flux) through standardized luminous efficiency functions that model the spectral sensitivity of the human visual system. Typically, this wavelength-dependent weighting function is the photopic sensitivity function, although the scotopic function or other functions may also be applied in the same way. The weightings are standardized by the CIE and ISO.

Photometry is a branch of radiometry. Radiometric quantities are not limited to light (i.e., cover other kinds of optical radiation and are sometimes extended to other kinds of electromagnetic radiation) and are not spectrally weighted.
Destry Rides Again (Randy Weston album)
Destry Rides Again is an album by American jazz pianist Randy Weston recorded in 1959 featuring music from the comedy stage musical Destry Rides Again and originally released on the United Artists label.

United Artists Records
United Artists Records was an American record label founded by Max E. Youngstein of United Artists in 1957 to issue movie soundtracks. The label expanded into other genres, such as easy listening, jazz, pop, and R&B.
José Manuel López Rodríguez
José Manuel López Rodríguez (born 21 February 1940) is a former Spanish cyclist. He competed in the individual road race and team time trial events at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He rode in 7 editions of the Vuelta a España and four times in the Tour de France.

Cycling at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's individual road race
The men's individual road race was a road bicycle racing event held as part of the Cycling at the 1964 Summer Olympics programme. It was held on 22 October 1964. The course, just short of 25 kilometres, was covered 8 times for a total distance of 194.832 kilometres. 132 cyclists from 35 nations competed. The maximum number of cyclists per nation was four. The event was won by Mario Zanin of Italy, the nation's second victory in the men's individual road race and third consecutive Games in the top two. Kjell Rodian earned Denmark's first medal in the event with his silver. Walter Godefroot's bronze was Belgium's fifth medal in five Games (with 2 in 1952 making up for missing the podium in 1956).
Belonophago
Belonophago is a small genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Distichodontidae. The fishes in this genus are found in the Congo River basin in Africa. They are specialized fin-eaters.

Congo River
The Congo River, formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second-longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the third largest river in the world by discharge volume, following the Amazon and Ganges–Brahmaputra rivers. It is the world's deepest recorded river, with measured depths of around 220 m (720 ft). The Congo–Lualaba–Luvua–Luapula–Chambeshi River system has an overall length of 4,700 km (2,900 mi), which makes it the world's ninth-longest river. The Chambeshi is a tributary of the Lualaba River, and Lualaba is the name of the Congo River upstream of Boyoma Falls, extending for 1,800 km (1,100 mi).

Measured along with the Lualaba, the main tributary, the Congo River has a total length of 4,370 km (2,720 mi). It is the only major river to cross the equator twice. The Congo Basin has a total area of about 4,000,000 km2 (1,500,000 mi2), or 13% of the entire African landmass.
Word joiner
The word joiner (WJ) (⁠) is a Unicode format character which is used to indicate that line breaking should not occur at its position. It does not affect the formation of ligatures or cursive joining and is ignored for the purpose of text segmentation. It is encoded since Unicode version 3.2 (released in 2002) as U+2060  WORD JOINER (&NoBreak;).

The word joiner replaces the zero-width no-break space (ZWNBSP, U+FEFF), as a usage of the no-break space of zero width. The ZWNBSP is originally and currently used as the byte order mark (BOM) at the start of a file. However, if encountered elsewhere, it should, according to Unicode, be treated as a word joiner, a no-break space of zero width.

The deliberate use of U+FEFF for this purpose is deprecated as of Unicode 3.2, with the word joiner strongly preferred.

Ligature (writing)
In writing and typography, a ligature occurs where two or more graphemes or letters are joined to form a single glyph. Examples are the characters ⟨æ⟩ and ⟨œ⟩ used in English and French, in which the letters ⟨a⟩ and ⟨e⟩ are joined for the first ligature and the letters ⟨o⟩ and ⟨e⟩ are joined for the second ligature. For stylistic and legibility reasons, ⟨f⟩ and ⟨i⟩ are often merged to create ⟨ﬁ⟩ (where the tittle on the ⟨i⟩ merges with the hood of the ⟨f⟩); the same is true of ⟨s⟩ and ⟨t⟩ to create ⟨ﬆ⟩. The common ampersand, ⟨&⟩, developed from a ligature in which the handwritten Latin letters ⟨e⟩ and ⟨t⟩ (spelling et, Latin for 'and') were combined.
1971 Shei Shob Din
1971 Shei Shob Din is a Bangladeshi film directed by Hridi Haq. This is a government-granted movie that tells the story of the Bangladesh Liberation War. It stars Mamunur Rashid, Jayanta Chattopadhyay, Munmun Ahmed, Shilpi Sarkar Apu, Ferdous Ahmed, Litu Anam, Saju Khadem, Sanjida Preeti, Tareen Jahan, Jewel Jahur and others. Litu Anam makes a return to the silver screen after 15 years in this movie. The film was written by director Hridi Haq, based on a concept by her father Enamul Haque.

Enamul Haque (actor)
Enamul Haque, sometimes Enamul Huq (29 May 1943 – 11 October 2021), was a Bangladeshi actor, academician and playwright. He acted in stage, television and film mediums. He was a professor at the Department of Chemistry of Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET). He was awarded Ekushey Padak in 2012 by the government of Bangladesh for his contribution to fine arts.
H&K
H&K can refer to:

Heckler & Koch, a German weapons manufacturing company

Hughes & Kettner, a German brand of guitar and bass amplifiers, cabinets and effects processors

Harold & Kumar, a series of stoner comedies and its titular characters
Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle, a 2004 film
Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay, its sequel

Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, American mass murder duo

Hampstead and Kilburn, a UK parliament constituency

The Calcium H and K lines, a pair of violet spectral lines

"H-K (Hunter-Killer)", song by Fear Factory from the album Demanufacture, 1995

Hampstead and Kilburn
Hampstead and Kilburn was a constituency created in 2010 and represented in the House of Commons by Tulip Siddiq of the Labour Party from 2015 until its abolition for the 2024 general election. Glenda Jackson was the MP from 2010 to 2015, having served for the predecessor seat of Hampstead and Highgate since 1992.

Under the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, the majority of the constituency – excluding the Borough of Brent wards of Brondesbury Park, Kilburn and Queens Park – was incorporated into the re-established seat of Hampstead and Highgate.
Bhanga interchange
Bhanga Interchange (Bengali: ভাঙ্গা ইন্টারচেঞ্জ), also known as Bhanga Roundabout (Bengali: ভাঙ্গা গোলচত্বর), is a major road interchange in Bhanga, Faridpur District, Bangladesh which consists of a cloverleaf interchange. It connects at least 21 districts of South Bengal in Bangladesh with Dhaka, capital of the country which is a junction of four national highways named Dhaka–Bhanga Expressway, Bhanga–Khulna highway, Dhaka–Faridpur highway and Dhaka–Patuakhali highway.

Faridpur District
Faridpur District (Bengali: ফরিদপুর জেলা) is a district in south-central Bangladesh. It is a part of Dhaka Division. It is bounded by the Padma River to the northeast. The district was named for its headquarters, the city of Faridpur, which itself was named for Farīd-ud-Dīn Masʿūd, a 13th-century Sufi saint. A separate district was created by severing Dhaka district in 1786 and was called Dacca Jelalpur. A municipality was established in 1869. Historically, the town was known as Fatehabad. It was also called Haveli Mahal Fatehabad.
Eastern College Australia
Eastern College Australia is a non-denominational Christian Private Higher Education and Vocational Education provider in Melbourne, Australia.

The college offers courses including Education, Arts, Counselling and Theology degrees.

Outline of counseling
Counseling is the professional guidance of the individual by utilizing psychological methods especially in collecting case history data, using various techniques of the personal interview, and testing interests and aptitudes.

This is a list of counseling topics.
Gadesco-Pieve Delmona
Gadesco-Pieve Delmona (Cremunés: Gadésc-Piéef Delmoùna) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southeast of Milan and about 6 kilometres (4 mi) northeast of Cremona.

Gadesco-Pieve Delmona borders the following municipalities: Cremona, Grontardo, Malagnino, Persico Dosimo, Vescovato.

Cremunés dialect
Cremonese (Cremunés) is a dialect of the Western Lombard dialect group spoken in the city and province of Cremona in Lombardy, Italy, with the exception of Crema and the area of Soresina, where an Eastern Lombard dialect is spoken, and the area of Casalmaggiore, where a form of Emilian closely related to Parmigiano is spoken.

Being at the crossroad between the core areas of different Lombard varieties, Cremonese exhibits features from both Western Lombard and Eastern Lombard, and a few which are typical of dialects spoken in the nearby region of Emilia-Romagna. It is best classified within the Southwestern Lombard group of dialects.
Corbin Strong
Corbin John Strong (born 30 April 2000) is a New Zealand road and track cyclist, who currently rides for UCI ProTeam Israel–Premier Tech. He won the points race and finished second in the team pursuit at the 2020 UCI Track Cycling World Championships.

In 2018, Strong crashed into a stationary car while on a training ride, fracturing his T1 vertebra.

2024 Tour de Wallonie
The 2024 Tour de Wallonie (known as the Ethias–Tour de Wallonie for sponsorship reasons) was a five-stage men's professional road cycling race mainly held in the Belgian region of Wallonia. It was a 2.Pro race as part of the 2024 UCI ProSeries calendar. It was the 51st edition of the Tour de Wallonie.
Nicely Formation
The Nicely Formation is a geologic formation in the Crook, Grant, and Harney Counties in Oregon. It preserves radiolaria and ichthyosaur fossils dating back to the Pliensbachian stage of the Early Jurassic period.

Pliensbachian
The Pliensbachian is an age of the geologic timescale and stage in the stratigraphic column. It is part of the Early or Lower Jurassic Epoch or Series and spans the time between 192.9 ±0.3 Ma and 184.2 ±0.3 Ma (million years ago). The Pliensbachian is preceded by the Sinemurian and followed by the Toarcian.

The Pliensbachian ended with the extinction event called the Toarcian turnover. During the Pliensbachian, the middle part of the Lias was deposited in Europe. The Pliensbachian is roughly coeval with the Charmouthian regional stage of North America.
Pádraig Boyle
Pádraig Boyle (born 3 December 1993) is an Irish hurler who plays for Kerry Senior Championship club Ballyduff and at inter-county level with the Kerry senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a forward.

2015 Christy Ring Cup
The 2015 Christy Ring Cup was the eleventh staging of the Christy Ring Cup hurling championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 2005. The cup competition began on 2 May 2015 and ended on 6 June 2014.

Kildare were the defending champions, however, they were beaten in the semi-final. Kerry won the title after defeating Derry by 1-20 to 0-12 in the final.

Mayo were relegated from the Christy Ring Cup after losing a play-off with Roscommon.
Joshua 22
Joshua 22 is the twenty-second chapter of the Book of Joshua in the Hebrew Bible or in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. According to Jewish tradition  the book was attributed to Joshua, with additions by the high priests Eleazar and Phinehas, but modern scholars view it as part of the Deuteronomistic History, which spans the books of Deuteronomy to 2 Kings, attributed to nationalistic and devotedly Yahwistic writers during the time of the reformer Judean king Josiah in 7th century BCE. This chapter records the mediation for the issue of the establishment of an altar on the east back of Jordan River, a part of a section comprising Joshua 22:1–24:33 about the Israelites preparing for life in the land of Canaan.

Eleazar
Eleazar (/ɛliˈeɪzər/; Hebrew: אֶלְעָזָר, Modern: ʾElʿazar, Tiberian: ʾElʿāzār, "El has helped") or Elazar was a priest in the Hebrew Bible, the second High Priest, succeeding his father Aaron after he died. He was a nephew of Moses.
Maggie Lucas
Margaret Taylor Lucas (born November 29, 1991) is an American assistant coach for the Bowling Green Falcons women's basketball team. As a player, Lucas played for three Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) teams over four seasons.

Ligue Féminine de Basketball
The Ligue Féminine de Basketball (LFB; Women's Basketball League) is the top women's French professional basketball league. The LFB authorities announced that the championship is renamed La Boulangère Wonderligue (LBWL) as for the seasons 2024-2025 to 2026-2027.
Squalius malacitanus
Squalius malacitanus, the Málaga chub, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, the daces, Eurasian minnows and related fishes. It was first isolated from the Guadalmina River in Málaga, hence its name. It is considered a vulnerable species. S. malacitanus differs from its cogenerate species by having 7–8 branched rays in its dorsal fin, 8 branched rays in the anal lateral line; the number of scale rows above its lateral line; possessing 3 scale rows below its lateral line; 38 vertebrae, 21 abdominal, and 17 caudal; large fourth and fifth infraorbital bones; maxilla without a pointed anterior process; the middle of its frontal bone being narrow, as well as its neurocranium bone; the lower branch of its pharyngeal bone is rather long; and the shortness of the inferior lamina of its urohyal bone.

Neurocranium
In human anatomy, the neurocranium, also known as the braincase, brainpan, brain-pan, or brainbox, is the upper and back part of the skull, which forms a protective case around the brain.   In the human skull, the neurocranium includes the calvaria or skullcap. The remainder of the skull is the facial skeleton.

In comparative anatomy, neurocranium is sometimes used synonymously with endocranium or chondrocranium.
Aveek Sarkar v. State of West Bengal
Aveek Sarkar v. State of West Bengal (2014) 4 SCC 257 is a landmark judgment of the Supreme Court of India that redefined the legal standard for determining obscenity under Indian law. Delivered on February 3, 2014, by a bench comprising Justice K.S. Radhakrishnan and Justice A.K. Sikri, the decision rejected the outdated Hicklin test in favor of the more progressive "community standards test," aligning Indian jurisprudence with contemporary societal values.

Anandabazar Patrika
Anandabazar Patrika is a Bengali-language broadsheet daily newspaper published in Kolkata, India, and owned by the ABP Group. First issued on 13 March 1922 as a four-page evening paper and noted for its bold stance against colonial rule, earning the nickname “danger signal” in contemporary British press. It has grown to become one of India's top regional-language newspapers, with a certified average circulation of 802,289 copies for January–June 2022.

The paper is currently edited by Ishani Dutta Ray. Its major competitors include Bartaman, Ei Samay, Sangbad Pratidin, Aajkal, Jago Bangla, Ganashakti and Dainik Statesman—as noted in regional media landscape surveys.
Kazdanga
Kazdanga (German: Katzdangen) is a larger village, the administrative center of the  Kazdanga Parish of South Kurzeme Municipality in the Courland region of Latvia. As of 2022 its population is 527.

It is located in the northern part of the parish on the banks of the Alokste river, which is dammed within the extents of the village to form an artificial reservoir known as the Kazdanga Mill Lake (Kazdangas dzirnavezers) by which there is a water mill.

The modern settlement grew around the Kazdanga manor (burned down during the Russian Revolution of 1905. Currently the  Kazdanga Palace, an architectural monument of national importance,  is the place of interest in the village. The adjacent village of Valāta forms a common settlement conglomerate with Kazdanga.

The P117 regional motorway runs across Kazdanga.

There is an archaeological site of national importance, the Kazdanga (Valata) Hillfort north of Valata (56°42′31″N 21°44′27″E﻿ / ﻿56.70865°N 21.74071°E﻿ / 56.70865; 21.74071).

Courland
Courland is one of the Historical Latvian Lands in western Latvia. Courland's largest city is Liepāja, which is the third largest city in Latvia.

The literal meaning of the name is "Land of Curonians".
Higashikawa Prize
The Higashikawa Prize (東川賞, Higashikawa-shõ) has been awarded to photographers by the "Phototown" of Higashikawa, Hokkaidō, Japan since 1985. The Overseas and Domestic Photographer prizes are of 500,000 yen and the New Photographer and Special prizes are of 300,000 yen.

The work of twenty years' winners of the Overseas Photographer Prize was exhibited in the Tokyo Metropolitan Museum of Photography in 2006.

Tokyo Photographic Art Museum
35°38′30″N 139°42′48″E﻿ / ﻿35.6417°N 139.7132°E﻿ / 35.6417; 139.7132

The Tokyo Photographic Art Museum (東京都写真美術館, Tōkyō-to Shashin Bijutsukan) is an art museum concentrating on photography.

As the Tokyo Metropolitan Museum of Photography, it was founded by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, and is in Meguro-ku, a short walk from Ebisu station in southwest Tokyo. The museum also has a movie theater.

Until 2014, the museum nicknamed itself "Syabi" (pronounced shabi); since 2016, it has called itself "Top Museum".
Martin Aeschlimann
Martin Aeschlimann (born 1957) is a Swiss physicist and professor in the physics department of the University of Kaiserslautern. Since 2008 he is the spokesman of the State Research Center for Optics and Material Sciences (OPTIMAS).

German Physical Society
The German Physical Society (German: Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft, DPG) is the oldest organisation of physicists. DPG's 2025 worldwide membership is cited as 50,668, with a peak of 63,012 in 2014. It holds an annual conference (Jahrestagung) and multiple spring conferences (Frühjahrstagungen), which are held at various locations and along topical subjects of given sections of the DPG.
The DPG concerns the fields of pure and applied physics and aims to foster connections among German physicists, as well as the exchange of ideas between its members and foreign colleagues. The bylaws of the DPG commit the organization and its members to maintain scientific integrity and ethics, including freedom, tolerance, truthfulness, and dignity in scientific work, as well as the promotion of gender equality in the fields of physics and related sciences.
Topy Industries
Topy Industries, Ltd. (トピー工業株式会社, Topī Kōgyō Kabushiki-gaisha)  is a Japanese company specializing in steel, particularly automobile and industrial components. Its main products are steel products; wheels for passenger cars, buses, trucks and construction machinery; and undercarriage components for construction equipment.

The company has production sites in Japan, US, China, Mexico and Thailand and is an OEM wheel supplier to a number of car manufacturers such as Honda, Nissan, Ford, General Motors, Subaru, Kia and Chrysler. In the past Topy Industries was part of the Fuyo Group keiretsu.

Kia
Kia Corporation (Korean: 기아; pronounced [ki.a]) is a South Korean multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. It is South Korea's second largest automobile manufacturer, after its parent company, Hyundai Motor Company, with sales of over 2.8 million vehicles in 2019. Kia is owned by Hyundai, which holds a 33.88% stake valued at just over US$6 billion. Kia in turn is a minority owner of more than twenty Hyundai subsidiaries ranging from 4.9% up to 45.37%, totaling more than US$8.3 billion.
First United Building
The First United Building, formerly known and still commonly referred to as Perez-Samanillo Building, is an Art Deco building on Escolta Street in Binondo, Manila, Philippines. It was designed by Andrés P. Luna, the son of renowned painter Juan N. Luna, and was the tallest building in Manila when it was completed in 1928.

Binondo
Binondo (Chinese: 岷倫洛; pinyin: Mínlúnluò; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bîn-lûn-lo̍h; Tagalog: Distrito ng Binondo) is a district in Manila and is referred to as the city's Chinatown. Its influence extends beyond to the places of Quiapo, Santa Cruz, San Nicolas and Tondo. It is the oldest Chinatown in the world, established in 1594 by the Spaniards as a settlement near Intramuros but across the Pasig River for Catholic Chinese; it was positioned so that the colonial administration could keep a close eye on their migrant subjects. It was already a hub of Chinese commerce even before the Spanish colonial period. Binondo is the center of commerce and trade of Manila, where all types of business run by Chinese Filipinos thrive.

Noted residents include Saint Lorenzo Ruiz, the Filipino protomartyr, and Venerable Mother Ignacia del Espiritu Santo, founder of the Congregation of the Religious of the Virgin Mary.