hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kachin offensive (2024–present)
The Kachin Independence Army's (KIA) offensive in Kachin State, known unofficially as Operation 0307 (after the date it began), is an ongoing military operation against the Tatmadaw military junta of Myanmar which began on 7 March 2024. Primarily centred along the road connecting Myitkyina to Bhamo, Operation 0307 was launched to capture junta bases which could threaten Laiza, the headquarters of the KIA. Operation 0307 was launched alongside concurrent KIA offensives against Hpakant and northern Shan State, and concurrent resistance offensives throughout Myanmar.

Hpakant
Hpakant (Burmese: ဖားကန့်, Burmese pronunciation: [pʰá ga̰ɰ̃]; Shan: ၽႃၵၢၼ်ႉ, also Hpakan and Phakant) is a town in Hpakant Township, Kachin State in the northernmost part of Myanmar (Burma). It is located on the Uyu River 350 kilometres (220 mi) north of Mandalay. It is famous for its jade mines which produce gem-quality jadeite.
Fistulinella nivea
Fistulinella nivea is a species of bolete fungus in the family Boletaceae found in New Zealand. First described by mycologist Greta Stevenson in 1962 as a species of Tylopilus, it was transferred to the genus Fistulinella by Rolf Singer. Stevenson originally discovered the bolete in 1955 at Tōtaranui, where it was growing under Nothofagus. Its fruitbody has a white cap with a diameter of up to 3 cm (1.2 in) atop a stipe measuring up 7 cm (2.8 in) long and 1–1.5 cm (0.4–0.6 in) thick. The pores on the cap underside are up to 1.5 mm in diameter. The pore surface is initially white before changing to pale pink. Spores are ellipsoid, hyaline (translucent), and measure 17–18 by 6–7 μm.

Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma (pl. basidiomata) is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles.
Mook War Cemetery
Mook War Cemetery is the final resting place of 322 soldiers killed in the Second World War, situated in the Dutch municipality of Mook en Middelaar. The Commonwealth War Graves Commission is responsible for the cemetery.

It features a Cross of Sacrifice at the cemetery entrance made of Portland stone, with a metal sword. A register and a guest book are present.

The 322 burials are from the following countries:

United Kingdom – 297

Poland – 11

Canada – 10

Australia – 3

New Zealand – 1

Portland stone
Portland stone is a limestone geological formation (formally named the Portland Stone Formation) dating to the Tithonian age of the Late Jurassic that is quarried on the Isle of Portland in Dorset, England. The quarries are cut in beds of white-grey limestone separated by chert beds. It has been used extensively as a building stone throughout the British Isles, notably in major public buildings in London such as St Paul's Cathedral and Buckingham Palace. Portland stone is also exported to many countries, being used for example at the United Nations headquarters in New York City.
Jean-Baptiste Simmenauer
Jean-Baptiste Simmenauer (born 19 November 2000) is a French racing driver who last competed for Inter Europol Competition in the 2025 24 Hours of Le Mans and 2025 European Le Mans Series. He is the former champion of the GT World Challenge Europe Endurance Cup in the Silver Cup category, a title he achieved alongside Benjamin Goethe and Thomas Neubauer, driving for ROFGO Racing with Team WRT.

2025 European Le Mans Series
The 2025 European Le Mans Series was the twenty-second season of the Automobile Club de l'Ouest's (ACO) European Le Mans Series. The six-event season began at Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya on 6 April and finished at Algarve International Circuit on 18 October.

The series was open to Le Mans Prototypes, divided into the LMP2 and LMP3 classes, and grand tourer-style racing cars in the LMGT3 class. This season marked the debut of the new, third-generation LMP3 cars.
Alfred Downward
Alfred Downward (c. 1847 – 26 June 1930) was an Australian politician.

Born in Melbourne to Edward and Elizabeth Downward, he was educated at Prahran and Mornington before working on his father's Balnarring sheep farm. From 1874, he had his own property and was highly involved in settlement on the Mornington Peninsula. In 1879, he married Josephine Kerr at Hawthorn, with whom he had seven children.

He was a member of Flinders and Kangerong Shire Council for twenty-five years, serving as president from 1890 to 1892, and was also a Mornington Shire Councillor and president.

He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for Mornington in 1894, serving until 1929. He was Minister for Water Supply and Agriculture (1908–09), Minister of Mines, Forests and Public Health (1917–18), and Minister for Immigration (1924–27). Downward died in Mornington in 1930.

Balnarring
Balnarring is a town in the south-eastern extremity of the Mornington Peninsula in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, approximately 63 km (39 mi) south-east of Melbourne's central business district, located within the Shire of Mornington Peninsula local government area. Balnarring recorded a population of 2,371 at the 2021 census.

Balnarring is located about halfway between Hastings and Flinders.
Sanae Kikuta
Sanae Kikuta (Japanese: 菊田 早苗, Kikuta Sanae; born September 10, 1971) is a Japanese mixed martial artist currently competing in the Welterweight division. A professional competitor since 1996, he has competed for the UFC, PRIDE Fighting Championships, Pancrase, DREAM, World Victory Road, DEEP, Shooto, and Vale Tudo Japan. He is the former Pancrase Light Heavyweight Champion (2001–2003) and the winner of the ADCC 88 kg class in 2001.

Dream (mixed martial arts)
Dream (styled DREAM in capitals) was a Japanese mixed martial arts (MMA) organization promoted by former PRIDE FC executives and K-1 promoter Fighting and Entertainment Group (FEG).

Dream replaced FEG's previous-run mixed martial arts fight series, Hero's. It retained many of the stylistic flourishes and personnel from Pride FC broadcasts, including fight introducer Lenne Hardt.

They promoted over 20 shows highlighting Japanese and international talent, establishing or enhancing the careers of fighters such as Shinya Aoki, Gesias Cavalcante, Tatsuya Kawajiri, Ronaldo Jacaré, Eddie Alvarez, Jason Miller, Kazushi Sakuraba, Gegard Mousasi and Alistair Overeem.

Dream became defunct as FEG went bankupt in 2012, ending with a final New Year's Eve event later that year. In 2015, most of the old personnel from both Pride FC and Dream founded Rizin Fighting Federation as a successor.
Catholic Church in Guam
The Catholic Church in the United States unincorporated territory of Guam is part of the worldwide Catholic Church under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome and locally administered by the Archdiocese of Agaña.

Archdiocese of Agaña
The Archdiocese of Agaña (Latin: Archidiœcesis Aganiensis , Spanish: Arquidiócesis de Agaña) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese.  It comprises the United States dependency of Guam.  The prelate is an archbishop whose cathedral is the Dulce Nombre de Maria Cathedral-Basilica.

The archdiocese is a member of the Episcopal Conference of the Pacific (CEPAC) and of the Federation of Catholic Bishops Conferences of Oceania, and an observer to the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops.
Elizabeth Wetmore (novelist)
Elizabeth Wetmore (born 1967/68) is an American novelist, notable for her debut 2020 novel Valentine, which she published at the age of 52 and which made it to The New York Times hardcover fiction bestseller list.

Wetmore was born in Odessa, Texas. She left Texas at the age of 18 and never returned to live there. She graduated from Iowa Writers' Workshop and eventually moved to Chicago. Before Valentine, she published short stories in various literary magazines. She names, among others, Cormac McCarthy, Paulette Jiles, and Marilynne Robinson as literary influences.

Valentine is set in Texas in 1976. It was translated to Dutch (by Anne Jongeling),  Polish (by Hanna Pasierska) and Russian (by Viktor Golyshev).

Wetmore is married to the poet Jorge Sanchez and has a son.

Odessa, Texas
Odessa (/ˌoʊˈdɛsə/) is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Ector County in West Texas, with portions extending into Midland County. The population was 114,428 at the 2020 census, making it the 34th-most populous city in Texas. It is the principal city of the Odessa metropolitan statistical area, which includes all of Ector County. The metropolitan area is also a component of the larger Midland–Odessa combined statistical area, which had 359,001 residents in 2020.

The city is famous for being featured in the book Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream, and the movie adaptation, Friday Night Lights. The University of Texas Permian Basin is located in the city and enrolls over 5,000 students. In 1948, Odessa was also the home of First Lady Barbara Bush, and the one-time home of former U.S. presidents George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush. Former President George H. W. Bush has been quoted as saying, "At Odessa we became Texans and proud of it."
The New Tradition
The New Tradition is the California Barbershop quartet that won the 1985 SPEBSQSA international competition.  The name refers to an earlier quartet, the Grand Tradition, with the same lead and baritone.  It is not to be confused with the New Tradition Chorus from Northbrook, Illinois.

New Tradition Chorus
The New Tradition Chorus is a mixed voice barbershop chorus based in Northbrook, Illinois, in the Chicago area.  Founded in 1982, they have competed at the International Chorus Contest of the Barbershop Harmony Society 19 times, winning a medal on every attempt until the 2009 competition, where they finished 15th.  They have won ten bronze medals, a record eight consecutive silver medals (1993–2000), and the gold medal in 2001. The chorus had all male members until 2022.
Tamara Rahn
Tamara Rahn is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. She is an alien of the water-breathing extraterrestrial Banari race from the planet Laab and a red-skinned humanoid with blonde hair.

Tiger Shark (Marvel Comics)
Tiger Shark (Todd Arliss) is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Roy Thomas and artist John Buscema, the character first appeared in Prince Namor, the Sub-Mariner #5 (September 1968). Todd Arliss is a recurring antagonist of the antihero Namor. His powers come from both the DNA of Namor and shark DNA. He is also known under the codename Tiger Shark.
Kaloyan Nunatak
Kaloyan Nunatak (pronounced ka-lo-'ya-nov 'nu-na-tak\) is a conspicuous nunatak in the Tangra Mountains. It is named after Czar Kaloyan of Bulgaria, 1197-1207 AD.

Kaloyan Nunatak rises to approximately 400 m in Delchev Ridge, Tangra Mountains, on eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  It is situated next  northeast of Sozopol Gap, 1.81 km east-northeast of Elena Peak, 1.53 km west-southwest of Mesta Peak and 3.32 km west-southwest of Renier Point.  The peak surmounts Pautalia Glacier to the south, and Sopot Ice Piedmont to the west, north, and northeast.

It was mapped in 2005 and 2009 from the Tangra 2004/05 topographic survey, and has since been registered in the SCAR Composite Antarctic Gazetteer.

Kaloyan Nunatak is located at 62°37′23.8″S 59°51′48″W﻿ / ﻿62.623278°S 59.86333°W﻿ / -62.623278; -59.86333.

Renier Point
Renier Point (62°36′34″S 59°48′21″W﻿ / ﻿62.60944°S 59.80583°W﻿ / -62.60944; -59.80583) is a narrow point forming the east extremity of both Burgas Peninsula and Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The feature was known to sealers as Point Renier as early as 1821. The name ‘Pin Point’, given by Discovery Investigations personnel on the Discovery II in 1935, has been rejected in favor of the original name.
Gyaarah Gyaarah
Gyaarah Gyaarah is a 2024 Indian Hindi-language fantasy thriller series directed by Umesh Bist. The show is an adaptation of the Korean drama Signal (2016). Produced by Sikhya Entertainment and Dharma Productions, the series stars Kritika Kamra, Raghav Juyal, Dhairya Karwa, Nitesh Pandey and Aakash Dixit in lead roles.This marks the final performance of Nitesh Pandey in a web series after his death in 2023

The plot revolves around a unique twist of time-travel and communication across timelines to solve mysteries. It follows the interconnected stories of characters who attempt to unravel long-buried secrets through a magical radio that connects the past and the future.

Gyaarah Gyaarah premiered on ZEE5 on 9 August 2024.

Dharma Productions
Dharma Productions Pvt. Ltd. is an Indian film production and distribution company established by Yash Johar in 1976. It was taken over in 2004, after his death, by his son, Karan Johar. Based in Mumbai, it mainly produces and distributes Hindi films.

In July 2016, a new sector of the company was launched called Dharma 2.0, which focuses on producing advertising commercials. Another subsidiary of the studio was created in November 2018, called Dharmatic Entertainment, which produces film and television content for online distribution platforms.
White Shoes & the Couples Company
White Shoes & the Couples Company is an Indonesian pop band from Jakarta, Indonesia. The band are currently signed to both Indonesian label Aksara Records and American independent label Minty Fresh. Their music is influenced by Indonesian film soundtracks from the 1970s, 1930s jazz, disco, and 1960s pop music.

Janji Joni
Janji Joni (English: Joni's Promise) is a 2005 Indonesian adventure romantic comedy film written and directed by Joko Anwar in his directorial debut. Starring Nicholas Saputra, Mariana Renata, Rachel Maryam, and Surya Saputra, the film was a commercial and critical success, earning Anwar his first Citra Award for Best Director nomination.

The film features multiple cameo appearances from well-known celebrities.
Copacetic (Knuckle Puck album)
Copacetic is the debut studio album by American pop punk band Knuckle Puck. Following the release of several EPs and the addition of bassist Ryan Rumchaks, the band began writing material for their debut album. In late December, it was announced the band had signed to Rise Records. The band recorded at Always Be Genius Recording Studio between February and April 2015 with producer Seth Henderson.

Copacetic was released through Rise on July 31. The album sold over 8,000 copies in the first week, charting at number 61 on the Billboard 200. It also charted in the top 20 on several Billboard charts and in the top 50 on several UK charts.

The Plain Dealer
The Plain Dealer is the primary newspaper of Cleveland, Ohio. In the fall of 2019, it ranked 23rd in U.S. newspaper circulation, a significant drop since March 2013, when its circulation ranked 17th daily and 15th on Sunday.

As of May 2019, The Plain Dealer had 94,838 daily readers and 171,404 readers on Sunday. The Plain Dealer's media market, the Cleveland-Akron Designated Market Area, has a population of 3.8 million people making it the 19th-largest market in the United States.

As of 2023, Sunday print circulation had declined to 37,000 copies.

In August 2013, The Plain Dealer reduced home delivery to four days a week, including Sunday. A daily version of The Plain Dealer was available electronically as well as in print at stores, newsracks and newsstands.
Siena University
Siena University could mean:

University of Siena, one of the oldest and first publicly funded universities in Italy, founded in 1240

Università per Stranieri di Siena, an Italian university oriented towards study by foreign students

Siena Heights University in Adrian, Michigan

Siena University (New York)

University of Siena
The University of Siena (Italian: Università degli Studi di Siena, abbreviation: UNISI), located in Siena, Tuscany, holds the distinction of being Italy's first publicly funded university as well as one of the oldest, originally established as Studium Senese in 1240. As of 2022, it hosts approximately 16,000 students—nearly one-third of Siena's total population of about 53,000. The university is renowned for its schools of law, medicine, and economics and management.
Artur Zaczek
Artur Zaczek (born 28 February 1989) is a Polish athlete specialising in the sprinting events. He won a bronze medal in the 4 × 100 metres relay at the 2009 European U23 Championships in addition to three medals won in the same event at the Summer Universiades between 2009 and 2015. He was also an unused reserve runner at the 2012 Summer Olympics, as well as the 2011 and 2013 World Championships.

2011 World Championships in Athletics
The 13th IAAF World Championships in Athletics (Korean: 2011년세계육상선수권대회) was an international athletics competition that was held in Daegu, South Korea. It started on 27 August 2011 and finished on 4 September 2011.

The United States topped the medal standings in the competition with 28 (12 gold, 9 silver, and 7 bronze). During the competition, 41 national records, 4 area records, 3 championship records, and 1 world record was set.

The championships were heavily affected by post-championship doping cases, particularly from the Russian team, who in subsequent years were stripped of eleven medals, seven of them gold.
Darwin Gonnerman
Darwin Lynn "Go Go" Gonnerman (January 3, 1947 – February 7, 2015) was an American professional football player who played for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers, Ottawa Rough Riders and Edmonton Eskimos. He won the Grey Cup in 1969 with Ottawa. He previously played college football at South Dakota State University. He died after a brief hospitalization in 2015.

South Dakota State University
South Dakota State University (SDSU or SD State) is a public land-grant research university in Brookings, South Dakota, United States. Founded in 1881, it is the state's largest university and is the second oldest continually operating university in the state. The university is governed by the South Dakota Board of Regents.

South Dakota State University is a land-grant university founded under the provisions of the 1862 Morrill Act. This land-grant heritage and mission has led the university to place a special focus on academic programs in agriculture, engineering, nursing, and pharmacy, as well as liberal arts. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The graduate program is classified as Doctoral, Science, Technology, Engineering, Math dominant.
Eba Island Conservation Park
Eba Island Conservation Park is a protected area in the Australian state of South Australia. It comprises 134 hectares (330 acres) of land, proclaimed in 1972 to conserve island habitat within Streaky Bay and sea bird breeding colonies. Eba Island is located 700 metres (2,300 feet) offshore and 4 kilometres (2.5 miles) south of Perlubie Hill. It is entirely composed of calcarenite, often overlaid with a limestone capping.

Seabird breeding behavior
The term seabird is used for many families of birds in several orders that spend the majority of their lives at sea. Seabirds make up some, if not all, of the families in the following orders: Procellariiformes, Sphenisciformes, Pelecaniformes, and Charadriiformes. Many seabirds remain at sea for several consecutive years at a time, without ever seeing land. Breeding is the central purpose for seabirds to visit land. The breeding period (courtship, copulation, and chick-rearing) is usually extremely protracted in many seabirds and may last over a year in some of the larger albatrosses; this is in stark contrast with passerine birds. Seabirds nest in single or mixed-species colonies of varying densities, mainly on offshore islands devoid of terrestrial predators. However, seabirds exhibit many unusual breeding behaviors during all stages of the reproductive cycle that are not extensively reported outside of the primary scientific literature.
1994 South American Games
The V South American Games (Spanish: Juegos Sudamericanos; Portuguese: Jogos Sul-Americanos) were a multi-sport event held in 1994 in Valencia, Carabobo, Venezuela, with some events in Puerto Cabello (boxing, judo, karate, wrestling) and Caracas (shooting). The Games were organized by the South American Sports Organization (ODESUR).  An appraisal of the games and detailed medal lists were published
elsewhere,
emphasizing the results of the Argentinian teams.

Torch lighter at the Polideportivo Misael Delgado was local swimmer Ramón Volcán.  Aruba, the Netherlands Antilles, and Panamá had their first appearance at the games, enhancing the number of participating nations to 14.

The games were initially awarded to Montevideo, Uruguay, but the local officials declined in 1992.

Puerto Cabello
Puerto Cabello (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpweɾto kaˈβeʝo] ⓘ) is a city on the north coast of Venezuela. It is located in Carabobo State, about 210 km west of Caracas. As of 2011, the city had a population of around 182,400. The city is home to the largest and busiest port in the country and is thus a vital cog in the country's vast oil industry. The word 'cabello' translates to 'hair'. The Spanish took to saying that the sea was so calm there that a ship could be moored to the dock with a single hair.
Goldman domain
In mathematics, a Goldman domain or G-domain is an integral domain A whose field of fractions is a finitely generated algebra over A. They are named after Oscar Goldman.

An overring (i.e., an intermediate ring lying between the ring and its field of fractions) of a Goldman domain is again a Goldman domain. There exists a Goldman domain where all nonzero prime ideals are maximal although there are infinitely many prime ideals.

An ideal I in a commutative ring A is called a Goldman ideal if the quotient A/I is a Goldman domain. A Goldman ideal is thus prime, but not necessarily maximal. In fact, a commutative ring is a Jacobson ring if and only if every Goldman ideal in it is maximal.

The notion of a Goldman ideal can be used to give a slightly sharpened characterization of a radical of an ideal: the radical of an ideal I is the intersection of all Goldman ideals containing I.

Field of fractions
In abstract algebra, the field of fractions of an integral domain is the smallest field in which it can be embedded. The construction of the field of fractions is modeled on the relationship between the integral domain of integers and the field of rational numbers. Intuitively, it consists of ratios between integral domain elements.

The field of fractions of an integral domain  is sometimes denoted by  or , and the construction is sometimes also called the fraction field, field of quotients, or quotient field of .  All four are in common usage, but are not to be confused with the quotient of a ring by an ideal, which is a quite different concept. For a commutative ring that is not an integral domain, the analogous construction is called the localization or ring of quotients.
Wola Zadąbrowska
Wola Zadąbrowska [ˈvɔla zadɔmˈbrɔfska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Warta, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north of Warta, 22 km (14 mi) north-west of Sieradz, and 60 km (37 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Warta, Poland
Warta (Polish: [ˈvarta] ⓘ; Yiddish: דווארט, romanized: Dvart) is a town in Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland, with 3,208 inhabitants (2020). It is situated on the Warta River. It is located in the Sieradz Land.