hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marthea
Marthea is a genus of green algae in the family Characiaceae, containing the single species Marthea tetras. It is an extremely rare genus; it has only been recorded once, as freshwater phytoplankton from its original locality in the Bohemian Forest region of the Czech Republic.

Marthea tetras consists of cells in colonies of four in a cross shape. Cells are spindle-shaped, with the base attached to a central mass of mucilage, while the apex of the cells are pointed. The cell wall is smooth. Cells contain one nucleus and a single, parietal chloroplast with one pyrenoid.

Marthea reproduces asexually by autospores. Four autospores form from one protoplast. Unusually, the autospores show amoeboid movement for some time, before settling in their usual shape and being released from the sporangium.

Sporangium
A sporangium (from Late Latin, from Ancient Greek  σπορά (sporá) 'seed' and  ἀγγεῖον (angeîon) 'vessel'; pl.: sporangia) is an enclosure in which spores are formed. It can be composed of a single cell or can be multicellular. Virtually all plants, fungi, and many other groups form sporangia at some point in their life cycle. Sporangia can produce spores by mitosis, but in land plants and many fungi, sporangia produce genetically distinct haploid spores by meiosis.
Mary Czerwinski
Mary Czerwinski is an American cognitive scientist and computer-human interaction expert who used to work for Microsoft Research as the manager of the Human Understanding and Empathy (HUE) group researching and developing systems that recognize, interpret, process and respond to human emotions for social good. Czerwinski resides in Redmond, WA.

Cognitive science
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes. It examines the nature, the tasks, and the functions of cognition (in a broad sense). Mental faculties of concern to cognitive scientists include perception, memory, attention, reasoning, language, and emotion. To understand these faculties, cognitive scientists borrow from fields such as psychology, philosophy, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, linguistics, and anthropology. The typical analysis of cognitive science spans many levels of organization, from learning and decision-making to logic and planning; from neural circuitry to modular brain organization. One of the fundamental concepts of cognitive science is that "thinking can best be understood in terms of representational structures in the mind and computational procedures that operate on those structures."
Mount Vernon High School
Mount Vernon High School could refer to:

Mount Vernon High School (Arkansas)

Mount Vernon High School (Fortville, Indiana)

Mount Vernon High School (Mount Vernon, Indiana)

Mount Vernon High School (Iowa)

Mount Vernon High School (Missouri)

Mount Vernon High School (New York)

Mount Vernon High School (Ohio)

Mount Vernon High School (South Dakota)

Mount Vernon High School (Texas)

Mount Vernon High School (Virginia)

Mount Vernon High School (Washington)

Mount Vernon High School (Washington)
Mount Vernon High School (MVHS) is a high school in Mount Vernon, Washington. The school was originally known as Union High School. With a student body nearing 2,000, it is the largest public high school in Skagit County, Washington.
2024 Scheldeprijs
The 2024 Scheldeprijs was the 112th edition of the Scheldeprijs road cycling one day race, which was held on 3 April 2024. It was a 1.Pro event on the 2024 UCI ProSeries calendar. The race, which was 205.3 kilometres (127.6 mi) long, started in Terneuzen in the Netherlands and finished in Schoten on the outskirts of Antwerp.

Schoten
Schoten (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈsxoːtə(n)] ⓘ) is a municipality located in Antwerp Province, Belgium. The municipality only comprises the town of Schoten proper.  As of 1 January 2020 Schoten has a total population of 34,311. The total area is 29.55 km2 (11.41 sq mi) which gives a population density of 1,122/km2 (2,910/sq mi). Schoten borders the Antwerp districts Merksem to the west and Deurne to the south west.  Neighboring municipalities include Brasschaat to the north, Brecht to the north east, Schilde to the east, and Wijnegem to the south.
2012–13 Serbian League West
Serbian League West is a section of the Serbian League, Serbia's third football league. Teams from the western part of Serbia are in this section of the league. The other sections are Serbian League East, Serbian League Vojvodina, and Serbian League Belgrade. In the 2012-13 season 1st placed team gains promotion to the Serbian First League and the last two team get relegated the Zone League.

Serbian League Vojvodina
Serbian League Vojvodina (Serbian: Српска лига Војводина / Srpska liga Vojvodina) is one of four sections of the Serbian League, the third tier of professional football in Serbia. The other three sections are Serbian League Belgrade, Serbian League East, and Serbian League West. It began as the "Vojvodina League" in 1958 and obtain the current form in 1995.
Groote Kerk, Cape Town
The Groote Kerk (Afrikaans and Dutch for "Great Church") is a Dutch Reformed church in Cape Town, South Africa. The church is South Africa's oldest place of Christian worship. The first church on this land was built in 1678. Willem Adriaan van der Stel laid the cornerstone for the church. It was replaced by the present building in 1841 built by Herman Schuette and the original tower was retained. The pulpit is the work of Anton Anreith and the carpenter Jacob Graaff, and was inaugurated on 29 November 1789. The Groote Kerk lays claim to housing South Africa's largest church organ, which was installed in 1954

William Robertson (urban missionary)
William Robertson (1805–1882) was a Scottish minister of the Church of Scotland and a primary promoter of the 19th century concept of ragged schools and urban missions. The Robertson Memorial Mission in Edinburgh's Grassmarket is named after him.
NHL 2Night
NHL 2Night is  a former news magazine that used to broadcast highlights of National Hockey League games and stories about the league up to five nights a week on ESPN and ESPN2.  It was usually broadcast live at 10:00 PM ET or immediately following a game on ESPN2. It was then re-broadcast a few times throughout the night and the following day (with updated scores for games that were still in progress during the live broadcast).

It debuted in 1995. The show was originally hosted by Bill Pidto and later John Buccigross. Barry Melrose was the main analyst.

News magazine
A news magazine is a typed, printed, and published magazine, radio, or television program, usually published weekly, consisting of articles about current events. News magazines generally discuss stories in greater depth than newspapers or newscasts do, and aim to give the consumer an understanding of the important events beyond the basic facts.
A Hell of a Story
A Hell of a Story is a concert film by comedian Kathy Griffin, and her twenty-first special overall. Griffin self-financed the film, which was recorded on October 29, 2018, at the Santa Monica College Performing Arts Center. The special, which describes the aftermath of Griffin posing for  a photograph with a replica of the severed head of Donald Trump and subsequently being criminally investigated, was turned down by every television network and streaming service Griffin pitched to. It premiered on March 11, 2019, at South by Southwest. It was given a single-day theatrical release by Fathom Events on July 31, 2019, and released on video on demand on August 13.

Santa Monica College
Santa Monica College (SMC) is a public community college in Santa Monica, California. Founded as a junior college in 1929, SMC enrolls over 30,000 students in more than 90 fields of study. The college initially served pre-college high school students, eventually expanding its enrollment to educate college-age and non-traditional students with the intention to transfer to a four-year university. The college has high transfer rates to four-year universities such as the University of California and California State University campuses, being a leader among state community colleges in transfers to the former.
Instituto Piaget
Instituto Piaget is a Portuguese private institution of higher education. It provides both university and polytechnic higher education in a number of fields. Instituto Piaget was named after the Swiss philosopher and developmental psychologist Jean Piaget.

It has campuses in several locations of Portugal, namely in Almada, Macedo de Cavaleiros, Santo André, Silves, Vila Nova de Gaia and Viseu.

Besides the campuses in Portugal, the Instituto Piaget has affiliated institutions in Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique.

Vila Nova de Gaia
Vila Nova de Gaia (European Portuguese: [ˈvilɐ ˈnɔvɐ ðɨ ˈɣajɐ] ⓘ), or simply Gaia, is a city and a municipality in Porto District in Norte Region, Portugal. It is located south of the city of Porto on the other side of the Douro River.  The city proper had a population of 178,255 in 2001. The municipality has an area of 168.46 square kilometres (65.04 mi2) and a population of 303,824 inhabitants in 2021, making it the most populous municipality in Norte Region, and the third most populous in the country, after Lisbon and Sintra. Gaia along with Porto and 16 other municipalities make up the Porto metropolitan area.

The city contains many cellars (locally known as "caves") where port wine is stored and aged. These cellars have become a major tourist attraction.
Aida El-Khadra
Aida Xenia El-Khadra is a particle physicist who is a professor of high energy physics at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. She is the co-chair of the Muon g-2 Theory Initiative, which reported hints at new physics in the Standard Model in 2021. She is a fellow of the American Physical Society and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.

Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation is an American philanthropic nonprofit organization. It was established in 1934 by Alfred P. Sloan Jr., president and chief executive officer of General Motors.

The Sloan Foundation makes grants to support original research and broad-based education related to science, technology, and economics. The foundation is an independent entity and has no formal relationship with General Motors. As of 2024, the Sloan Foundation's assets totaled $2.2 billion.
Pyrausta socialis
Pyrausta socialis, the sociable pyrausta moth,  is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1877. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Ontario west to British Columbia, south to Montana and Colorado.

Augustus Radcliffe Grote
Augustus Radcliffe Grote (February 7, 1841 – September 12, 1903) was a British entomologist who described over 1,000 species of butterflies and moths. He is best known for his work on North American Noctuidae. A number of species were named after him, including the moth Horama grotei.
Herrestad
Herrestad is a former locality situated in Uddevalla Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden that became a neighbourhood of Uddevalla in 2015. It had 3 267 inhabitants in 2022. Herrestad is located 5 kilometers west of central Uddevalla, with Byfjorden to the south and Herrestadsfjället to the north. Torp Köpcentrum is located right next to Herrestad.

The neighbourhood’s church, Herrestads Kyrka, stands halfway up a  hill. It was originally built in the 12:th century, but had some drastic changes made in 1849. The church’s white tower is a major landmark in the area.

Herrestad grave field is located to the west of Herrestad, right next to the European route E6. Here, a total of 110 graves have been found. Most of these are from the iron and viking ages, while a few are from the bronze age.

Byfjorden (Bohuslän)
Byfjorden is a fjord in Bohuslän that connects into Havstensfjorden in the west. Uddevalla is located at the innermost part of the fjord, which is also where the fjord connects to Bäveån. Uddevalla Harbour takes up most of the fjord’s northeastern coast, while Unda Camping and Sunningen is to the northwest. A walk and bike path called Strandpromenaden follows the fjords southern coast from central Uddevalla to Lindesnäs and Rödön via the sea resort Gustavsberg. Only one road crosses the fjord, that being European Route E6 across the Uddevalla Bridge.

In late August 2004, a male narwhal found his way into Byfjorden. He made national headlines and got named Valder. In early September the same year, Valder was found dead. His skeleton got preserved and can now be found at the Natural History Museum in Gothenburg.
Reverberation of Sound Tantra
The Reverberation of Sound Tantra (Tibetan: སྒྲ་ཐལ་འགྱུར, Wylie: sgra thal 'gyur), is considered to be the root tantra of the seventeen tantras of the Menngagde (esoteric Instruction) class of the Tibetan Buddhist Dzogchen tradition.

These tantras are found in the Nyingma Gyubum ("The Hundred Thousand Tantras of the Ancients"), volumes 9 and 10, folio numbers 143-159 of the edition edited by Dilgo Khyentse (Thimpu, Bhutan, 1973) of the gting skyes dgon pa byang manuscript.

Menngagde
In Tibetan Buddhism and Bon, Menngagde (Tibetan: མན་ངག་སྡེ་, Wylie: man ngag sde, THL: men-ngak-dé, Sanskrit: upadeśavarga), is the name of one of three scriptural and lineage divisions within Dzogchen (Great Perfection atiyōga).

Dzogchen is itself the pinnacle of the ninefold division of practice according to the Nyingma school of Tibetan Buddhism. Menngagde focuses on rigpa. The Menngagde or 'Instruction Class' of Dzogchen teachings are divided into two parts: trekchö and tögel.

The practice is that of Cutting through Solidity (khregs chod), which is related to primordial purity (ka dag); and Direct Vision of Reality (thod rgal), which is related to spontaneous presence (Ihun grub).
Arjona, Spain
Arjona is a municipality in the province of Jaén, Andalusia, Spain. It is located 44 kilometres (27 mi) from the provincial capital, Jaén, and 77 kilometres (48 mi) from the city of Córdoba. It has an area of 158.45 square kilometres (61.18 sq mi), and as of 2017 it had a population of 5,662. It belongs to the comarca of Campiña. Its land area is primarily agricultural, with an emphasis on olive trees. Its economy relies primarily on agriculture and olive oil production, but it is also known for its furniture and baking industries. Arjona is known as the birthplace in 1194 of Muhammad I, founder of the Emirate of Granada.

Province of Jaén (Spain)
Jaén (Spanish pronunciation: [xaˈen]) is a province of southern Spain, in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is bordered by the provinces of Ciudad Real, Albacete, Granada and Córdoba. Its capital is the city of Jaén.
Salango Island
Salango Island is a South American island of approximately one square kilometer located in the Pacific Ocean one kilometer off the coast of the province Manabí in Ecuador near the town of Salango.

The island is part of the Machalilla National Park and is home to species such as the blue-footed booby (Sula nebouxii), while in the waters of the island, it is occasionally possible to observe whales.
In the surroundings of Salango Island it is possible to observe blue-footed booby, sea lions and large rocks that, due to their peculiar shapes, the work of nature, receive the names of the King Kong monkey and the giant turtle

Salango Island

Blue-footed booby around Salango Island

Sea lions in the surroundings of Salango Island

King Kong rock in the surroundings of Salango Island

Turtle rock in the surroundings of Salango Island

Wikimedia Commons
Wikimedia Commons, also known as Wikicommons, or simply Commons, is a wiki-based media repository of free-to-use images, sounds, videos and other media. It is a project of the Wikimedia Foundation.

Files from Wikimedia Commons can be used across all of the Wikimedia projects in all languages, including Wikipedia, Wikivoyage, Wikisource, Wikiquote, Wiktionary, Wikinews, Wikibooks and Wikispecies, and can also be downloaded for offsite use. As of November 2025, the repository contains over 130 million free-to-use media files, managed and editable by registered volunteers.
De Dominicis
De Dominicis is an Italian surname. Spellings include De Dominicis, de Dominicis, and DeDominicis. Notable people with the surname include:

Domenico de Dominicis (died 1478), Italian bishop

Gino De Dominicis (1947–1998), Italian artist

Luca De Dominicis (born 1973), Italian actor

Luca De Dominicis
Luca De Dominicis (July 5, 1973 – September 3, 2024) was an Italian actor. He is best known for his walk-on role as King Herod in Mel Gibson's The Passion of the Christ and in Cabras and Molinari's The Big Question.
De Dominicis died on September 3, 2024, at the age of 51.
Allot (surname)
Allot is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Robert Allot (died 1635), London bookseller and publisher

William Allot (16th century), English Roman Catholic priest

John Allot (died 1591), 16th-century English merchant and politician

Well Emmanuel Allot (1919–2012), birth name of François Brigneau

William Dixon Allott (1817–1892)

Robert Allot
Robert Allot (died 1635) was a London bookseller and publisher of the early Caroline era; his shop was at the sign of the black bear in St. Paul's Churchyard. Though he was in business for a relatively short time – the decade from 1625 to 1635 – Allot had significant connections with the dramatic canons of the two greatest figures of English Renaissance theatre, William Shakespeare and Ben Jonson.
Alchevsk Raion
Alchevsk Raion (Ukrainian: Алчевський район; Russian: Алчевский район) is a prospective raion (district) of Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine. It was formally created in July 2020 as part of the reform of administrative divisions of Ukraine. The center of the raion is in the town of Alchevsk. Population: 437,513 (2021 est.). The area of the raion is occupied by Russia, which continues to use the old, pre-2020 administrative divisions of Ukraine.

Raions of Ukraine
A raion (Ukrainian: район, romanized: raion; pl. райони, raiony), often translated as district, is the second-level administrative division in Ukraine. Raions were created in a 1922 administrative reform of the Soviet Union, to which Ukraine, as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, belonged.

On 17 July 2020, the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) approved an administrative reform to merge most of the 490 raions, along with the "cities of regional significance", which were previously outside the raions, into just 136 reformed raions. Most tasks of the raions (education, healthcare, sport facilities, culture, and social welfare) were taken over by new hromadas, the subdivisions of raions. The 136 new districts include ten in Crimea, which have been de facto outside Ukrainian control since the start of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014.
Continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic
Continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic, is a composite material that contains high-performance continuous fiber, such as carbon fiber, glass fiber, or aramid fiber that is impregnated in a matrix of thermoplastics like polycarbonates. CFRTP is producible into both tape and sheet formats that can later be formed using thermoforming techniques.

Polycarbonate
Polycarbonates (PC) are a group of thermoplastic polymers containing carbonate groups in their chemical structures. Polycarbonates used in engineering are strong, tough materials, and some grades are optically transparent. They are easily worked, molded, and thermoformed.  Because of these properties, polycarbonates find many applications. Polycarbonates do not have a unique resin identification code (RIC) and are identified as "Other", 7 on the RIC list. Products made from polycarbonate can contain the precursor monomer bisphenol A (BPA).
Joseph Ansah
Joseph Ansah (born 5 November 1978) is a Ghanaian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Accra Hearts of Oak for most of his career. He also played for the Ghana national football team.

He was part of the 2000s Hearts of Oak team that won several laurels for the club. He won the Ghana Premier League seven times winning it in four consecutive seasons from 1999 to 2002. He helped the club win the 2000 CAF Champions League and the 2001 CAF Super Cup. He served as captain of the side within the 2000s.

At the international level, Ansah was a key member of the Ghana national under-17 football team from 1995 to 1997, featuring in two world cups in 1995 and 1997, in the process winning in 1995 and placing 4th in the 1997 edition.

Ghana Super Cup
The Ghana Super Cup is a football competition involving a match played between the champion of the Ghana Premier League and the winner of the Ghanaian FA Cup in Ghana. The first Ghana Super Cup competition took place in the 1996–1997 season, after which there was a thirteen-year hiatus between the 1998 and 2010 seasons. Kumasi Asante Kotoko is the most successful club in the competition's history.

The current cup holders are Kumasi Asante Kotoko , champions of the 2024-25 Ghanaian FA Cup
Grand Island and Wyoming Central Railroad
The Grand Island and Wyoming Central Railroad (GI&WC) was a railroad that served the U.S. states of Nebraska and South Dakota. It was headquartered in Grand Island, Nebraska. In 1902, it had a length of 401.32 miles (645.86 km).

It was leased by the Burlington and Missouri River Railroad (B&M), which was a subsidiary of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, on May 25, 1886. The original intent was to extend the line into Wyoming, and westward construction began in 1886; but in 1889, the railroad began building into the Black Hills to serve the mines built during the Black Hills Gold Rush. In 1890, the railroad reached Hill City and Englewood, and in 1891, service to Deadwood was established. A line to Spearfish was added in 1893. In 1897, the B&M purchased the GI&WC, and the line began operating as the B&M.

Spearfish, South Dakota
Spearfish (Lakota: Hočhápȟe) is a city in Lawrence County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 12,193 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 13,803 in 2024, making it the 10th most populous city in South Dakota. Spearfish is the largest city in Lawrence County and the home of Black Hills State University.
Jūji Tanabe
Jūji Tanabe (Japanese: 田部 重治, Hepburn: Tanabe Jūji); August 4, 1884 – September 22, 1972) was a Japanese literature scholar, teacher, and mountain climber.

Tanabe was born in Toyama City. He majored in English literature at Tokyo Imperial University, specializing in William Wordsworth. He lectured at Toyo University and Hosei University.

He climbed the Japanese Alps and Okuchichibu Mountains. He is the author of the book The Japanese Alps and A Pilgrimage to Chichibu (日本アルプスと秩父巡礼, Nippon Alps to Chichibu Junrei) in 1919, which was republished as Mountains and Ravines (山と渓谷, Yama to Keikoku) in 1930.

Tanabe and his friend Kogure Ritarō's (1873–1944) accounts of the Okuchichibu Mountains have become influential. There is a monument to them at the foot of the Mt. Kimpu (金峰山; 2599 m).

Toyama (city)
Toyama (富山市, Toyama-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [toꜜ.ja.ma, to.ja.maꜜ.ɕi]) is the capital city of Toyama Prefecture, Japan, located on the coast of the Sea of Japan in the Chūbu region on central Honshū, about 200 km (120 mi) north of the city of Nagoya and 300 km (190 mi) northwest of Tokyo. As of 1 June 2019, the city had an estimated population of 415,844 in 176,643 households, and a population density of 335 persons per km2. Its total area was 1,241.77 square kilometres (479.45 sq mi). The city has been designated an environmental model city by the national government for its efforts to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.