hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chisha North station
Chisha North station (Chinese: 赤沙北站; Jyutping: cek3 saa1 bak1 zaam6; Cantonese Yale: Cěksāa Bāk Jaahm) is a station on Line 12 of the Guangzhou Metro. It is located underground on the southeast side of Line 11's Chisha Depot in Guangzhou's Haizhu District. It opened on 29 June 2025.

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
Sondernheim station
Sondernheim station is a station in the Germersheim suburb of Sondernheim, in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Deutsche Bahn classifies it as a category 6 station and it has two platform tracks. The station is located in the network of the Karlsruher Verkehrsverbund (Karlsruhe Transport Association, KVV) and belongs to fare zone 575. Since 2001, the station has also been part of the area where the fares of the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Neckar (Rhine-Neckar Transport Association, VRN) are accepted at a transitional rate. The address of the station is Germersheimer Straße 14. Its former entrance building is under heritage protection.

It is located on the Schifferstadt–Wörth railway and was opened on 25 July 1876 with the commissioning of the Germersheim–Wörth section of that railway. It is now classified as a Haltepunkt (halt). Since late 2010 it has been part of the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn.

German railway station categories
The approximately 5,400 railway stations in Germany that are owned and operated by the Deutsche Bahn subsidiary DB InfraGO are divided into seven categories, denoting the service level available at the station.

This categorisation influences the amount of money railway companies need to pay to DB Station&Service for using the facilities at the stations.
Apostolic Nunciature to Moldova
The Apostolic Nunciature to Moldova the diplomatic mission of the Holy See to Moldova. It is located in the Cathedral of Chisinau, in Chisinau. 
The Apostolic Nunciature to the Republic of Moldova is an ecclesiastical office of the Catholic Church in Moldova, with the rank of an embassy. The nuncio serves both as the ambassador of the Holy See to the President of Moldova, and as delegate and point-of-contact between the Catholic hierarchy in Moldova and the Pope.

The title Apostolic Nuncio to Moldova is held by the prelate appointed Apostolic Nuncio to Romania; he resides in Romania.

Cathedral of Divine Providence, Chișinău
The Cathedral of Divine Providence (Romanian: Catedrala Romano-Catolică Providența Divină) is a religious building affiliated with the Catholic Church which is located in Chișinău, Moldova, and is the see of the Diocese of Chișinău.

The neoclassical church was built in 1836 by architect Avraam Melnikov, thanks to grants by Tsar Nicholas I of Russia. With the advent of Soviet power in 1944, all parish activities ceased, in 1963 the church was closed and the faithful were forced to go to a small chapel in the cemetery. In 1989, the building was returned to the parish. The church has been host since 1993 of the Apostolic Administration of Moldova, and since 2001 the newly established Diocese of Chișinău. A series of restoration works began in the spring of 2002 and ended in 2004.
Subject reduction
In type theory, a type system has the property of subject reduction (also subject evaluation, type preservation or simply preservation) if evaluation of expressions does not cause their type to change. Formally, if ⊢ e1 : τ and e1 → e2  then ⊢ e2 : τ. Intuitively, this means one would not like to write an expression, in say Haskell, of type Int, and have it evaluate to a value v, only to find out that v is a string.

Together with progress, it is an important meta-theoretical property for establishing type soundness of a type system.

The opposite property, if Γ ⊢ e2 : τ and e1 → e2  then Γ ⊢ e1 : τ, is called subject expansion. It often does not hold as evaluation can erase ill-typed sub-terms of an expression, resulting in a well-typed one.

Haskell
Haskell (/ˈhæskəl/) is a general-purpose, statically typed, purely functional programming language with type inference and lazy evaluation. Haskell pioneered several programming language features including type classes for type-safe operator overloading and monadic input/output (IO). It is named after logician Haskell Curry. Haskell's main implementation is the Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC).

Haskell's semantics are historically based on those of the Miranda programming language, which served to focus the efforts of the initial Haskell working group. The last formal specification of the language was made in July 2010, while the development of GHC continues to expand Haskell via language extensions.

Haskell is used in academia and industry. As of May 2021, Haskell was the 28th most popular programming language by Google searches for tutorials,  and made up less than 1% of active users on the GitHub source code repository.
Fleet Readiness Center Southeast
Fleet Readiness Center Southeast is a U.S. Navy maintenance, repair and overhaul depot-level facility located onboard Naval Air Station Jacksonville with intermediate-level detachments at Naval Air Station Jacksonville, Naval Station Mayport and Naval Air Station Key West.

Naval Station Mayport
Naval Station Mayport (IATA: NRB, ICAO: KNRB, FAA LID: NRB) is a major United States Navy base on San Pablo Island in Jacksonville, Florida. It contains a protected harbor that can accommodate aircraft carrier-size vessels, ship's intermediate maintenance activity (SIMA) and a military airfield (Admiral David L. McDonald Field) with one asphalt paved runway (5/23) measuring 8,001 ft × 200 ft (2,439 m × 61 m).
1998 Pakistani census
The 1998 Census of Pakistan was the fifth Pakistani national census. It provided a detailed enumeration of the population of Pakistan at the time it was conducted under the authority of the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, an agency of the Government of Pakistan. According to the 1998 census, the population of Pakistan proper (excluding disputed territories) stood at 130,857,717 people. With the inclusion of the population of Azad Jammu & Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan, the population stood at 134,714,017 people. Despite being mandated by the Constitution of Pakistan to be held every 10 years, this was the first census to take place in Pakistan after the 1981 census that took place 17 years earlier, and the next census would not be held for another 19 years, until 2017. The inconsistencies in Pakistan's national elections are due in part to political turmoil and instability within the country.

Military coups in Pakistan
Military coups in Pakistan began in 1958 when military army chief Muhammad Ayub Khan overthrew and exiled president Iskandar Ali Mirza. Since its creation in 1947, Pakistan has spent several decades under military rule (1958–1971, 1977–1988, 1999–2008). After their respective terms in office, each of the past five prime ministers of Pakistan has faced convictions or imprisonment.
Little Hartley, New South Wales
Little Hartley is a village in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia. It is located approximately 150 kilometres west-northwest of Sydney and 20 kilometres south-east of Lithgow, on the Great Western Highway. It is in the local government area of the City of Lithgow, the state seat of Bathurst and the Federal Division of Calare.

Bathurst, New South Wales
Bathurst (/ˈbæθɜːrst/ BATH-erst, locally /ˈbæθəst/ BATH-əst) is a city in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia. Bathurst is about 200 kilometres (120 mi) west-northwest of Sydney and is the seat of the Bathurst Regional Council. Founded in 1815, Bathurst is the oldest inland settlement in Australia and had a population of 44,621 in 2023.

Bathurst is often referred to as the Gold Country, as the area was the site of Australia's first discovery of payable gold in 1851, and where Australia's first gold rush occurred. Today education, tourism and manufacturing drive the economy. The internationally known racetrack Mount Panorama, also known as Wahluu, is a landmark of the city which brings in a lot of tourism, especially during the week of the Bathurst 1000. Bathurst has a historic city centre with many ornate buildings remaining from the New South Wales gold rush in the mid to late 19th century.
Åhus
Åhus (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈôːhʉːs]) is the second largest locality in Kristianstad Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden, with 9,840 inhabitants in 2015, but the number triples during the summer due to tourists who come seeking the beaches and nature of the Helgeå and Hanöbukten area. Åhus is also famous for hosting one of the largest beach handball tournaments in the world with approximately 20,000 participants. In 2011, in the village of Rinkaby near Åhus, the World Scout Meeting also known as the Jamboree was held.

Kristianstad Municipality
Kristianstad Municipality (Swedish: Kristianstads kommun) is a municipality in Skåne County in southernmost Sweden. Its seat is located in the city Kristianstad.

The present municipality was created in three steps during the last nationwide local government reform, and it has the largest area of the municipalities of Skåne County. In 1967 a number of rural municipalities were merged into the City of Kristianstad. In 1971 more former units were added and the city became a unitary municipality. Finally in 1974, the last amalgamations took place, and the municipality reached its present size. The number of original entities (as of 1863) is 35.
Duster (Duster album)
Duster is the third studio album by American rock band Duster. The album was released December 13, 2019 by Muddguts Records in the United States; the first Duster album to not be released under the Up Records label. Duster was also the first studio album released by the band in 19 years since the release of Contemporary Movement in 2000.

On April 13, 2018, Duster posted via their Instagram page that they were "recording a little bit". Later it was announced that the band's discography would be reissued as the box set Capsule Losing Contact through The Numero Group, which was released on March 22, 2019. On July 4, 2019, the band released their first standalone single in almost 20 years "Interstellar Tunnel" (the track was not included on Duster), and subsequently announced their third self-titled studio album, which was released on December 13 that year.

Up Records
Up Records was a Seattle based independent record label founded in 1994 by Chris Takino and Rich Jensen. Some of the label's best-known artists were Duster, 764-HERO, Built to Spill, Modest Mouse, Quasi and Tad.

Chris Takino died of leukemia in 2000. The label was owned and managed by his partner Pete Ritchey until it was licensed to Sub Pop about 2018. The last update to the Up Records website was in 2007.
Roz Chast
Roz Chast (born November 26, 1954) is an American cartoonist and a staff cartoonist for The New Yorker. Since 1978, she has published more than 1000 cartoons in The New Yorker. She also publishes cartoons in Scientific American and the Harvard Business Review.

In recognition of her work, ComicsAlliance listed Chast as one of twelve women cartoonists deserving of lifetime achievement recognition. She was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2010. In May 2017, she received the Alumni Award for Artistic Achievement at the Rhode Island School of Design commencement ceremony. In 2024, Chast was awarded a National Humanities Medal by President Joe Biden.

Harvard Business Review
Harvard Business Review (HBR) is a general management magazine published by Harvard Business Publishing, a not-for-profit, independent corporation that is an affiliate of Harvard Business School. HBR is published six times a year and is headquartered in Brighton, Massachusetts.

HBR covers a wide range of topics that are relevant to various industries, management functions, and geographic locations. These include leadership, negotiation, strategy, operations, marketing, and finance. HBR has published articles by Clayton Christensen, Peter F. Drucker, Justin Fox, Michael E. Porter, Rosabeth Moss Kanter, John Hagel III, Thomas H. Davenport, Gary Hamel, C. K. Prahalad, Vijay Govindarajan, Robert S. Kaplan, Rita Gunther McGrath and others. Several management concepts and business terms were first given prominence in HBR.

HBR's worldwide English-language circulation is 250,000. HBR licenses its content for publication in nine international editions.
Rama Pilot
Rama Pilot (born 12 February 1948) is an Indian National Congress (INC) politician from the state of Rajasthan. She represented Dausa in the 13th Lok Sabha. She has also represented Hindoli in the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly.

Rajasthan Legislative Assembly
The Rajasthan Legislative Assembly (ISO: Rājāsthān Vidhān Sabhā), is the unicameral legislature of the state of Rajasthan. It is a vital part of the state government, responsible for making and implementing laws.

The assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan situated in Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan.
Pyramid wavefront sensor
A pyramid wavefront sensor is a type of a wavefront sensor. It measures the optical aberrations of an optical wavefront. This wavefront sensor uses a pyramidal prism with a large apex angle to split the beam into multiple parts at the geometric focus of a lens. A four-faceted prism, with its tip centered at the peak of the point spread function, will generate four identical pupil images in the absence of optical aberrations. In the presence of optical aberrations, the intensity distribution among the pupils will change. The local wavefront gradients can be obtained by recording the distribution of intensity in the pupil images. The wavefront aberrations can be evaluated from the estimated wavefront gradients.

It has potential applications in astronomy and ophthalmology.

Apex (geometry)
In geometry, an apex (pl.: apices) is the vertex which is in some sense the "highest" of the figure to which it belongs. The term is typically used to refer to the vertex opposite from some "base". The word is derived from the Latin for 'summit, peak, tip, top, extreme end'. The term apex may be used in different contexts:

In an isosceles triangle, the apex is the vertex where the two sides of equal length meet, opposite the unequal third side.

In a pyramid or cone, the apex is the vertex at the "top" (opposite the base). In a pyramid, the vertex is the point that is part of all the lateral faces, or where all the lateral edges meet.
Emilio S. Belaval
Emilio S. Belaval (born in Fajardo, Puerto Rico on November 8, 1903; died in San Juan, Puerto Rico, 1973) was a lawyer and Supreme Judge and writer from Puerto Rico. He graduated from the University of Puerto Rico. His 1935 work Los cuentos de la Universidad, including the essay Los problemas de la cultura puertorriqueña, dealt with ideas of Puerto Rican identity with Beleval favoring one centering on "its own geography" rather than any universalism. This aspect is said to place his views at variance to Antonio S. Pedreira's Insularismo, despite the works having some similarities and being published close together in time. Some of the works by Belaval were made into theater productions by his countryman, playwright Leopoldo Santiago Lavandero.

A literary award is named for Emilio S. Belaval.

University of Puerto Rico
The University of Puerto Rico (Spanish: Universidad de Puerto Rico; often shortened to UPR) is the main public university system in the U.S. Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. It is a government-owned corporation with 11 campuses and approximately 44,200 students and approximately 4,450 faculty members. UPR has the largest and most diverse academic offerings in the commonwealth, with 472 academic programs of which 32 lead to a doctorate.
Bedsted, Thisted Municipality
Bedsted, in postal and railway terms Bedsted Thy, is a small railway town in Thisted Municipality in North Jutland Region, Denmark. As of 1 January 2025 it has a population of 698. It is located in the southern part of the Thy district about 25 km southwest of Thisted and about 30 km west of Nykøbing Mors.

Bedsted is served by Bedsted Thy railway station located on the Thy Line between Thisted and Struer.

The medieval Bedsted Church is located about 2 km northeast of the railway town by the original village of Bedsted.

Thy Line
The Thy Line (Danish: Thybanen) is a 73.6 km (45.7 mi) long standard gauge single track railway line in Denmark which runs between Struer and Thisted through the historical region of Thy.

The railway opened in 1882. It is owned and maintained by Rail Net Denmark and served with passenger trains by Arriva and the Danish State Railways (DSB). The Thy Line runs north from Struer, crossing the Limfjord on a 472 metres (1,549 ft) long bascule bridge, the Oddesund Bridge. From Oddesund the line cuts through the peninsula of Thyholm and continues through Thy to reach Thisted.
Elko Main Post Office
The Elko Main Post Office, located at 275 Third in Elko, Nevada, was built in 1933.  Its Mediterranean Revival design is credited to the Office of the Supervising Architect under James A. Wetmore. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

It is a combination post office and federal office building.  It is a two-story tall building, with a brick exterior and quoins at the corners, upon a raised basement.  Molded terra cotta is used for details in the quoins, cornice, brackets and other elements.  Its NRHP nomination argues that the building's design achieves an "imposing and stately" status, and that it is the city's "first and only federal building and represents the efforts of local lobbying efforts to gain federal recognition for the city.": 2–3

It was listed on the National Register in 1990 as U.S. Post Office-Elko Main.

Quoin
Quoins (/kɔɪn/ or /kwɔɪn/) are masonry blocks at the corner of a wall. Some are structural, providing strength for a wall made with inferior stone or rubble, while others merely add aesthetic detail to a corner. According to one 19th-century encyclopedia, these imply strength, permanence, and expense, all reinforcing the onlooker's sense of a structure's presence.

Stone quoins are used on stone or brick buildings. Brick quoins may appear on brick buildings, extending from the facing brickwork in such a way as to give the appearance of generally uniformly cut ashlar blocks of stone larger than the bricks. Where quoins are decorative and non-load-bearing a wider variety of materials is used, including timber, stucco, or other cement render.
Sherwyn Noble
Sherwyn Noble (born 15 August 1976) is a Guyanese-born Sint Maartener cricketer.

A right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-fast bowler, Noble was selected in Sint Maarten's squad for the 2008 Stanford 20/20. Having received a bye into the first round after Cuba could not fulfill their preliminary round fixture, Dornick made his Twenty20 debut in the first-round match against Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, which despite an unbeaten century from John Eugene, Sint Maarten lost by 10 runs and were eliminated from the tournament. Noble played in this match as a middle-order batsman, though without success as he was dismissed without scoring by Orlanzo Jackson. This marks Noble's only appearance in Twenty20 cricket.

Century (cricket)
In cricket, a century is a score of 100 or more runs in a single innings by a batter. The term is also included in "century partnership" which occurs when two batsmen add 100 runs to the team total when they are batting together. A century is regarded as a landmark score for batters and a player's number of centuries is generally recorded in their career statistics. Scoring a century is loosely equivalent in merit to a bowler taking a five-wicket haul, and is commonly referred to as a ton or hundred. Scores of more than 200 runs are still statistically counted as a century, although these scores are referred to as double (200–299 runs), triple (300–399 runs), and quadruple centuries (400–499 runs), and so on. Reaching 50 runs in an innings is known as a half-century.

Scoring a century at Lord's cricket ground in London earns the batter a place on the Lord's honours boards.
Kenorland
Kenorland is a hypothetical Neoarchean supercontinent. If it existed, it would have been one of the earliest known supercontinents on Earth. It is thought to have formed during the Neoarchaean Era c. 2.72 billion years ago (2.72 Ga) by the accretion of Neoarchaean cratons and the formation of new continental crust. It comprised what later became Laurentia (the core of today's North America and Greenland), Baltica (today's Scandinavia and Baltic), Western Australia and Kalaharia.

Swarms of volcanic dikes and their paleomagnetic orientation as well as the existence of similar stratigraphic sequences permit this reconstruction. The core of Kenorland, the Baltic/Fennoscandian Shield, traces its origins back to over 3.1 Ga. The Yilgarn craton (present-day Western Australia) contains zircon crystals in its crust that date back to 4.4 Ga.

Kenorland was named after the Kenoran orogeny (also called the Algoman orogeny), which in turn was named after the town of Kenora, Ontario.

Accretion (geology)
In geology, accretion is a process by which material is added to a tectonic plate at a subduction zone, frequently on the edge of existing continental landmasses. The added material may be sediment, volcanic arcs, seamounts, oceanic crust or other igneous features.
Himitsu – Top Secret
Himitsu – Top Secret (Japanese: 秘密 -トップ·シークレット-, Hepburn: Himitsu - Toppu Shiikuretto -; lit. Secret - Top Secret) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Reiko Shimizu. It has been serialized in the shojo manga magazine Melody. A prequel Himitsu – Season 0 (Japanese: 秘密 season０ -, Hepburn: lit. Secret - Season 0) began serializing in the same magazine in 2012.

It has been adapted into an anime series, Top Secret ~The Revelation~ (秘密(トップ·シークレット) 〜The Revelation〜), by Madhouse and broadcast in Japan on NTV between April 8, 2008, and September 30, 2008.

A television drama titled The Top Secret (秘密　〜THE TOP SECRET〜, Himitsu ~THE TOP SECRET~) premiered on Kansai TV, Fuji Television and other FNS stations on January 20, 2025.

Kansai Television
JODX-DTV (channel 8), branded as Kansai TV (Japanese: 関西テレビ, Hepburn: Kansai-terebi; KTV, also spelled as Kantele (カンテレ)), is the Kansai region key station of the Fuji News Network (FNN) and Fuji Network System (FNS), owned-and-operated by the Kansai Television Co. Ltd. (Japanese: 関西テレビ放送株式会社, Hepburn: Kansai Terebi Hōsō kabushiki gaisha). Its studios and headquarters are located in Osaka and the broadcaster is an affiliate company of the Hankyu Hanshin Holdings Group, part of the wider Hankyu Hanshin Toho Group.
Corey–Link reaction
In organic chemistry, the Corey–Link reaction is a name reaction that converts a 1,1,1-trichloro-2-keto structure into a 2-aminocarboxylic acid (an alpha amino acid) or other acyl functional group with control of the chirality at the alpha position. The reaction is named for E.J. Corey and John Link, who first reported the reaction sequence.

Elias James Corey
Elias James Corey (born July 12, 1928) is an American organic chemist. In 1990, he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his development of the theory and methodology of organic synthesis", specifically retrosynthetic analysis.