hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lecanora subpraesistens
Lecanora subpraesistens is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) and crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. Found in northern India, it was formally described as a new species in 2006 by Sanjeeva Nayaka, Dalip Kumar Upreti, and H. Thorsten Lumbsch. The type specimen was collected on the southeast side of Gulmarg (Jammu and Kashmir) at an altitude between 2,500 and 2,800 m (8,200 and 9,200 ft); here it was found growing on the bark of a tree trunk. It is only known to occur at the type locality. Characteristic features of the lichen include its pulicaris-type amphithecium, glabrata-type epihymenium, and 16-spored asci. Secondary compounds in the lichen include atranorin, chloroatranorin, and zeorin. The specific epithet refers to its similarity with the species Lecanora praesistens.

Dalip Kumar Upreti
Dalip Kumar Upreti (born 26 January 1958) is an Indian lichenologist.  He served as Director and Chief Scientist at CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow during 1988 to 2017. Also he served as Head of Lichenology and herbarium division. Presently he is serving as CSIR-Emeritus Scientist in the same division.
Industrial Water Cooling
Industrial Water Cooling (IWC) is a manufacturer of cooling towers in South Africa. The company’s headquarters are in Isando, Johannesburg.

The company primarily supplies cooling towers to the following industrial sectors: power generation; mining; petrochemical industries; sugar; steel; food & beverage; air-conditioning and refrigeration.

The company has undertaken projects for companies such as Sasol, ArcelorMittal, Foskor, and Eskom.

Sasol
Sasol Limited, commonly referred to as Sasol, is an integrated energy and chemical company based in Sandton, South Africa.

The company was formed in 1950 in Sasolburg, South Africa, and built around coal liquefaction processes that German chemists and engineers first developed in the early 1900s. Today, Sasol develops and commercializes technologies, including synthetic fuel technologies, and produces different liquid fuels, chemicals, coal tar, and electricity.

Sasol is listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE: SOL) and the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: SSL). Major shareholders include the South African Government Employees Pension Fund, Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa Limited (IDC), Allan Gray Investment Counsel, Coronation Fund Managers, Ninety One, and others.

Sasol employs over 27,000 people worldwide and has operations in 33 countries. It is the largest corporate taxpayer in South Africa, and the seventh-largest coal mining company in the world.
Randall Dipert
Randall Roy Dipert (/ˈdaɪpɜːt/; 1951–2019) was an American philosopher and professor of philosophy at the State University of New York at Fredonia, the United States Military Academy, and the University at Buffalo where he retired as the C. S. Peirce Chair of American Philosophy.

State University of New York at Fredonia
The State University of New York at Fredonia (alternatively SUNY Fredonia, Fredonia State, or Fredonia) is a public university in Fredonia, New York, United States. It is the westernmost member of the State University of New York. Founded in 1826, it is the seventh-oldest college in New York, and second-oldest public school in New York (SUNY and CUNY) after SUNY Potsdam (1816).

Fredonia was one of the state teachers' colleges traditionally specializing in music education, but now offers programs in other areas, including a graduate division. Areas of study include science, communication, music, education, and the social sciences. There are over 80 majors and over 50 minors.
Ranqueles gounellei
Ranqueles gounellei is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Bosq in 1947. It is known from northern central Argentina and Bolivia. It feeds on Acacia aroma, Prosopis chilensis, and Prosopis juliflora.

Neltuma juliflora
Neltuma juliflora  (Spanish: bayahonda blanca, Cuji in Venezuela, Trupillo in Colombia, Aippia in the Wayuunaiki language and long-thorn kiawe in Hawaii), formerly Prosopis juliflora, is a shrub or small tree in the family Fabaceae, a kind of mesquite. It is native to Mexico, South America and the Caribbean. It has become established as an invasive weed in Africa, Asia, Australia and elsewhere. It is a contributing factor to continuing transmission of malaria, especially during dry periods when sugar sources from native plants are largely unavailable to mosquitoes.
Miss Guatemala 2011
The Miss Guatemala 2011 pageant was held on November 25, 2011 at Centro de Convenciones Ilumina in the capital city Guatemala City, Guatemala. This year only 18 candidates were competing for the national crown. The chosen winner will represent Guatemala at the Miss Universe 2012 and at Miss Continente Americano 2012. The winner of best national costume, the costume will be used in Miss Universe 2012. Miss World Guatemala will represent Guatemala at the Miss World 2012. Miss Guatemala Internacional will represent Guatemala at the Miss International 2012. The First Runner-Up will enter Miss Intercontinental 2012 and the Second Runner-Up will enter Top Model of the World 2012. The Top 10 Semifinalists entered Reina Internacional del Café 2012, Reina Hispanoamericana 2012, Reina Mundial del Banano 2012, Miss Globe International 2012, and Miss Tourism International 2012.

The Miss Globe
The Miss Globe is an international beauty pageant held annually since 1925. Initially known as Dream Girl International, the contest was rebranded as Miss Globe in 1975.  There are three Miss Globe pageants, which are spin-offs from the original Miss Globe founded by Charlie See. The founder and coordinator of these trademarks is Mr. Alien Mouradian, also known as Charlie See. Miss Globe was registered with the Bureau of Patents and Trademarks in Washington, D.C., in 1975. As The Miss Globe, organized by the Deliart Association, the pageant is now officially headquartered in Albania.

The current titleholder, Chayathanus Saradatta from Thailand, was crowned on 15 October 2025, at the Tirana 	The Palace of Congresses in Albania. She succeeded Miss Globe 2024, Diana Moreno of Colombia.
Hans Åström
Hans "Måsen" Åström (born 28 November 1968) is a retired Swedish bandy player who played as a forward. Åström was brought up by Bollnäs GIF but only played in the first team for one season in his original spell although he did return later in his career. Hans has represented the Swedish national bandy team.

In 2019, he was a coach for the Great Britain national bandy team at that year's world championship.

Great Britain national bandy team
The Great Britain national bandy team represents the United Kingdom in international bandy for men since 2019. There used to be a team England in international bandy in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, but when Britain eventually came back to the sport, it was decided to do it under the name Great Britain.
Narjot de Toucy
Narjot de Toucy is the name of:

Narjot I de Toucy, who became Lord of Toucy in 1100

Narjot II de Toucy (died 1192), grandson of the preceding

Narjot de Toucy (died 1241), Regent of Constantinople, second son of the preceding

Narjot de Toucy (died 1293), Admiral of Sicily, grandson of the preceding

Narjot de Toucy (died 1293)
Narjot (or Narjod) de Toucy (died 1293) was the son of Philip of Toucy and of Portia de Roye. Narjot was therefore the grandson of his namesake who died in 1241.

Narjot de Toucy was Lord of Laterza, Captain-General of the Kingdom of Albania, Admiral of the Angevin Kingdom of Sicily in 1277, and bailli of the Principality of Achaea in 1282. On 23 June 1287 he helped command an Angevin galley fleet which was defeated by a fleet commanded by Roger of Lauria in the Battle of the Counts.

In c. 1275 or 1278 he married Lucia I, titular princess of Antioch, who was to become Countess of Tripoli in 1288, later titular. They had one son, Philippe II de Toucy, who inherited the lordship of Laterza on Narjot's death in 1293 and the claim to Antioch on Lucia's death.
Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons
The Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons (DAN) instrument is an experiment mounted on the Mars Science Laboratory's Curiosity rover. It is a pulsed sealed-tube neutron source and detector used to measure hydrogen or ice and water at or near the Martian surface.  The instrument consists of the detector element (DE) and a 14.1 MeV pulsing neutron generator (PNG). The die-away time of neutrons is measured by the DE after each neutron pulse from the PNG.
DAN was provided by the Russian Federal Space Agency, funded by Russia and is under the leadership of Principal Investigator Igor Mitrofanov.

Neutron source
A neutron source is any device that emits neutrons, irrespective of the mechanism used to produce the neutrons. Neutron sources are used in physics, engineering, medicine, nuclear weapons, petroleum exploration, biology, chemistry, and nuclear power. Neutron source variables include the energy of the neutrons emitted by the source, the rate of neutrons emitted by the source, the size of the source, the cost of owning and maintaining the source, and government regulations related to the source.
Nabokovia
Nabokovia is a Neotropical genus of butterflies, named by Arthur Francis Hemming in honour of Vladimir Nabokov, who extensively studied the Polyommatinae subfamily.

Three species are recognized:

Nabokovia ada Bálint & Johnson, 1994

Nabokovia cuzquenha Bálint & Lamas, [1997]

Nabokovia faga (Dognin 1895)

Polyommatinae
Polyommatinae, the blues, are a diverse subfamily of gossamer-winged butterflies (family Lycaenidae). This subfamily of butterfly was discovered in 1775. The group takes its name from its type genus Polyommatus; this scientific name means "(one of) many eyes" (poly-+ommatos), referencing the ocelli on their wings. The blues derive their common name from the coloration of males in most species.

These butterflies have been considered one of the poorest studied groups within the family Lycaenida. This subfamily was long used to assign taxa of unclear relationships (incertae sedis), and its contents and phylogeny are still in need of revision.
Franciscus Verellen
Carl Franciscus Verellen is a historian of medieval China specializing in the Tang-Song transition (ninth and tenth centuries) and the religious culture of Daoism in its formative period (second to tenth centuries). He is Professor Emeritus and a former director of the École française d’Extrême-Orient.

École pratique des hautes études
The École pratique des hautes études (French pronunciation: [ekɔl pʁatik de ot.z‿etyd]), abbreviated EPHE, is a French postgraduate top level educational institution, a Grand Établissement.

EPHE is a constituent college of the Université PSL (together with ENS Ulm, Paris Dauphine or École des Mines). The college is closely linked to École française d'Extrême-Orient and Institut français du Proche-Orient.

Prominent researchers in military strategy have taught in EPHE in the past such as Hervé Coutau-Bégarie. In addition, researchers in natural sciences (including neurosciences and chemistry) teach at EPHE (among them Jean Baptiste Charcot and Marcellin Berthelot).
Enthesophyte
Enthesophytes are abnormal bony projections at the attachment of a tendon or ligament. They are not to be confused with osteophytes, which are abnormal bony projections in joint spaces. Enthesophytes and osteophytes are bone responses for stress.

Synovial joint
A synovial joint, also known as diarthrosis, joins bones or cartilage with a fibrous joint capsule that is continuous with the periosteum of the joined bones, constitutes the outer boundary of a synovial cavity, and surrounds the bones' articulating surfaces. This joint unites long bones and permits free bone movement and greater mobility. The synovial cavity/joint is filled with synovial fluid. The joint capsule is made up of an outer layer of fibrous membrane, which keeps the bones together structurally, and an inner layer, the synovial membrane, which seals in the synovial fluid.

They are the most common and most movable type of joint in the body. As with most other joints, synovial joints achieve movement at the point of contact of the articulating bones. They originated 400 million years ago in the first jawed vertebrates.
Albert Day Putnam
Albert Day Putnam (February 25, 1852 – December 25, 1905) was an American businessman and Republican politician from Windham County, Connecticut.  He represented the town of Killingly in the Connecticut House of Representatives during the 1903 term.

Windham County, Connecticut
Windham County (/ˈwɪndəm/ WIN-dəm) is one of the eight counties in the U.S. state of Connecticut, located in its northeastern corner. As of the 2020 census, the population was 116,418, making it the least populous county in Connecticut. It forms the core of the region known as the Quiet Corner. Windham County is included in the Worcester, MA-CT Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT Combined Statistical Area. The entire county is within the Quinebaug and Shetucket Rivers Valley National Heritage Corridor, as designated by the National Park Service.
Ryedale School
Ryedale School, opened in 1953, is a coeducational secondary school located in Beadlam, North Yorkshire, England.

The school provides for pupils aged 11 to 16, and has a capacity enrolment of 750.

The school achieves higher than average GCSE results. In 2012 the school was inspected by Ofsted and was rated Grade 1 (outstanding) for overall effectiveness.

The school has represented both the County and Region at sport, music and interpretive dance; including National Youth Orchestras. Every year the school performs a carol service in the Church of All Saints, Helmsley.

Previously a community school administered by North Yorkshire County Council, in February 2021 Ryedale School converted to academy status.

Church of All Saints, Helmsley
The Church of All Saints is an Anglican parish church serving the town of Helmsley in North Yorkshire, England. It is located between the north-west corner of the market square, and Castlegate, on the B1257 road north of Helmsley Castle.  Dedicated to All Saints, it has been part of the Church of England since the Reformation. It is one of four churches in the same benefice: Sproxton, Rievaulx, and East Moors. The church was granted Grade II* listed building status on 4 January 1955.
Tengri Unitrade CARGO
The Tengri Unitrade CARGO is an official of Kazakhstan Railways forwarding cargo agent.

Tengri Unitrade Cargo has implemented simplified tariffs and standardised freight contracts.
"Tengri Unitrade CARGO" recently pioneered a new system that microwaves tank wagons to help extract heavy oil residues.

Law of agency
The law of agency is an area of commercial law dealing with a set of contractual, quasi-contractual and non-contractual fiduciary relationships that involve a person, called the agent, who is authorized to act on behalf of another (called the principal) to create legal relations with a third party. It may be referred to as the equal relationship between a principal and an agent whereby the principal, expressly or implicitly, authorizes the agent to work under their control and on their behalf. The agent is, thus, required to negotiate on behalf of the principal or bring them and third parties into contractual relationship. This branch of law separates and regulates the relationships between:

agents and principals (internal relationship), known as the principal-agent relationship;

agents and the third parties with whom they deal on their principals' behalf (external relationship); and

principals and the third parties when the agents deal.
Christ Church Ground
Christ Church Ground is a cricket ground in Oxford, England. The ground is owned by Christ Church, a constituent college of the University of Oxford. Privately owned, it was the preferred venue in Oxford for matches where a gated admission was to be levied on spectators, typically in matches between Oxford University and a touring international team. The ground was a first-class cricket venue from 1878 to 1961, hosting 37 first-class matches. After 1961, the University Parks became the preferred venue for all first-class matches in Oxford, but it remained in use in minor counties and one-day cricket by Oxfordshire until the start of the 21st century and hosted a Women's One Day International during the 1993 Women's Cricket World Cup.

Fred Spofforth
Frederick Robert Spofforth (9 September 1853 – 4 June 1926), also known as "The Demon Bowler", was an Australian cricket team pace bowler of the nineteenth century. He was the first bowler to take 50 Test wickets, and the first to take a Test hat-trick, in 1879. He played in Test matches for Australia between 1877 and 1887, and then settled in England where he played for Derbyshire. In 2009, he was inducted into the ICC Hall of Fame.
Andryein Tamir
Andryein Tamir (born April 24, 1986) is a Mongolian swimmer. At the 2004 Summer Olympics, he competed in the men's 100 metre freestyle, finishing in 64th place.  At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he competed in the Men's 100 metre freestyle, finishing in 49th place overall in the heats, failing to qualify for the semifinals.

Swimming at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre freestyle
The men's 100 metre freestyle event at the 2012 Summer Olympics took place on 31 July and 1 August at the London Aquatics Centre in London, United Kingdom. There were 56 competitors from 49 nations. The event was won by Nathan Adrian of the United States.
Babacar Niang
Babacar Niang (born 9 September 1958) is a retired Senegalese-French middle distance runner who specialized in the 800 metres.  He remains Senegal's national record holder in the 1000 metres dating back to 1983.  In 1995, he briefly held the masters M35 world record for 800m, which lasted only a month before his contemporary Johnny Gray contested and beat the record.

1000 metres
The 1000 metres, 1 kilometre run, or 1K run is an uncommon middle-distance running event in track and field competitions. It consists of two and a half laps around an outdoor 400 m track, or five laps around an indoor 200 m track.

The 1000 yards, an imperial alternative, was sometimes also contested.
Eleutherodactylus lucioi
Eleutherodactylus lucioi (common name: St. Nicholas robber frog) is a species of frog in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is endemic to Haiti, where it is only known from a single specimen collected near Môle-Saint-Nicolas in Nord-Ouest department.

Eleutherodactylidae
The Eleutherodactylidae are a family of direct-developing frogs native to northern South America, the Caribbean, and southernmost North America. They are sometimes known under the common name rain frogs. Formerly the subfamily Eleutherodactylinae of the family Leptodactylidae, it was raised to the family status following a major revision of New World direct-developing frogs in 2008. As currently defined, the family has more than 200 species (as of 2014, 206 or 207 species).

Eleutherodactylid frogs vary considerably in size, from the minuscule Eleutherodactylus iberia (female snout–vent length 10.5 mm (0.41 in)) to the relative giant E. inoptatus (female snout–vent length 88 mm (3.5 in)). Except for the ovoviviparous E. jasperi, these frogs have direct development:  no free-living tadpole stage exists; instead, eggs develop directly into small froglets.
Tullich Hill
Tullich Hill (632 m) is a hill in the southern Grampian Mountains of Scotland. It lies south of the village of Arrochar, between Loch Long and Loch Lomond in Argyll.

An irregular, rocky hill, its most distinguished feature is the corrie on its southern slopes.

Arrochar, Argyll
Arrochar (/ˈærəxər/ ARR-ə-khər; Scottish Gaelic: An t-Àrchar [ən̪ˠ t̪aːɾəɾ] or An Tairbeart an Iar) is a village at the head of Loch Long in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. The Arrochar Alps are named after the village.  The village is within the Loch Lomond and The Trossachs National Park.
Natt
Natt is a surname.  Notable people with the surname include:

Calvin Natt (born 1957), American basketball player in the National Basketball Association

Chris Natt (born 1952), Australian politician and Australian rules footballer

Kenny Natt (born 1958), American basketball player and coach, brother of Calvin Natt

Phoebe Davis Natt (1848–1899), American painter

Ted Natt (1941–1999), American publisher

Kenny Natt
Kenneth Wayne Natt (born October 5, 1958) is an American former professional basketball player and ex-interim head coach for the National Basketball Association's Sacramento Kings. He was a 6'3" 185 lb (84 kg) guard and played collegiately at Northeast Louisiana University (now the University of Louisiana-Monroe) and had a three-year NBA playing career. After serving as an assistant with the Cleveland Cavaliers from 2004 to 2007, Natt was named to the coaching staff of newly appointed Kings head coach and former Kansas City Kings teammate Reggie Theus in 2007. He was subsequently named interim head coach on the firing of Theus, but he himself was fired on April 24, 2009, after the Kings finished with an NBA season-low 17 wins.
Toyohibiki Ryūta
Toyohibiki Ryūta (Japanese: 豊響 隆太; born November 16, 1984 as Ryūta Kadomoto (門元 隆太)) is a former Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Toyoura, Yamaguchi. He turned professional in 2005, reaching the top makuuchi division in July 2007. He has earned two special prizes for Fighting Spirit, and one gold star  for a yokozuna upset. His highest rank was  maegashira 2. He was from Sakaigawa stable, which had four other wrestlers with top division experience for much of the time he was in makuuchi: Myōgiryū, Sadanofuji, Sadanoumi and Gōeidō, the last of whom joined at the same time as him. He had one of the most tournaments ranked in makuuchi without reaching ever san'yaku. His ring name roughly translates as "abundant echo". He retired in June 2021 to become a coach and elder of the Japan Sumo Association under the name of Yamashina Oyakata.

Professional sumo divisions
Professional sumo as administered by the Japanese Sumo Association is divided into six ranked divisions. Wrestlers are promoted and demoted within and between these divisions based on the merit of their win–loss records in official tournaments. For more information, see kachi-koshi and make-koshi. Wrestlers are also ranked within each division. The higher a wrestler's rank within a division is, the general level of opponents he will have to face becomes stronger. According to tradition, each rank is further subdivided into East and West, with East being slightly more prestigious, and ranked slightly higher than its West counterpart. The divisions, ranked in order of hierarchy from highest to lowest, are as follows:
Petronas Philharmonic Hall
The Petronas Philharmonic Hall (Malay: Dewan Filharmonik Petronas) is Malaysia's first concert hall built specifically for classical music. It is the home of the Malaysian Philharmonic Orchestra (MPO), and has hosted many of the world's leading orchestras such as New York Philharmonic, Philadelphia Orchestra, BBC Symphony and Vienna Symphony.

The concert hall was designed by Cesar Pelli based on the inspiration from the traditional shoebox shape of the 19th century European classical music halls. It has the capacity to accommodate for 920 seats which includes box seats, corporate suites and a royal suite. The stage floor is designed for flexibility, has an approximate area of 297m2, and can be extended to 369m2. The orchestra pit was designed to accommodate up to 45 musicians but can accommodate more with the existing stage extension.

César Pelli
César Pelli (October 12, 1926 – July 19, 2019) was an Argentine-American architect who designed some of the world's tallest buildings and other major urban landmarks. Three of his most notable buildings are the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur, the World Financial Center in New York City, and the Salesforce Tower in San Francisco. The American Institute of Architects named him one of the ten most influential living American architects in 1991 and awarded him the AIA Gold Medal in 1995. In 2008, the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat presented him with The Lynn S. Beedle Lifetime Achievement Award.