hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Morphogen
A morphogen is a substance whose non-uniform distribution governs the pattern of tissue development in the process of morphogenesis or pattern formation, one of the core processes of developmental biology, establishing positions of the various specialized cell types within a tissue. More specifically, a morphogen is a signaling molecule that acts directly on cells to produce specific cellular responses depending on its local concentration.

Typically, morphogens are produced by source cells and diffuse through surrounding tissues in an embryo during early development, such that concentration gradients are set up. These gradients drive the process of differentiation of unspecialised stem cells into different cell types, ultimately forming all the tissues and organs of the body. The control of morphogenesis is a central element in evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo).

Developmental biology
Developmental biology is the scientific study of the processes by which animals and plants grow and develop. The field of developmental biology is further defined by its study of phenomena such as regeneration, asexual reproduction, metamorphosis, and the growth and differentiation of stem cells within the adult organism.
SECU Stadium
SECU Stadium is an outdoor athletic stadium on the campus of the University of Maryland in College Park, Maryland. It is the home of Maryland Terrapins football and men's lacrosse teams, which compete in the Big Ten Conference. The facility was formerly named Byrd Stadium after Harry "Curley" Byrd, a multi-sport athlete, football coach, and university president in the first half of the 20th century, and temporarily Maryland Stadium after objections to Byrd's naming due to his history of supporting segregation.

State Employees Credit Union of Maryland
State Employees Credit Union of Maryland (also known as SECU of Maryland or SECU Maryland or SECU MD) is a state-chartered credit union headquartered in Linthicum, Maryland. It is the largest federally-insured credit union in the state and is regulated under the authority of The Office of the Commissioner of Financial Regulation, State of Maryland.
Boisar Assembly constituency
Boisar Assembly constituency is one of the 288 Vidhan Sabha (legislative assembly) constituencies of Maharashtra state, western India. This constituency is located in Palghar district. Vilas tare is the current legislator of this constituency.

Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
The Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra Vidhānasabhā) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Maharashtra state in western India. It consists of 288 members directly elected from single-seat constituencies. The Assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan in Mumbai, though the winter session is held in Nagpur. Along with the Maharashtra Legislative Council, it constitutes the legislature of Maharashtra. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker. Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Maharashtra through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in November 2024.
DetonatioN FocusMe
DetonatioN FocusMe (DFM) is a Japanese esports organization with professional teams competing across several titles. It was established as a Counter-Strike Online team named DetonatioN Gaming (DNG) in July 2012.

"DetonatioN FocusMe" was originally the name of the organization's League of Legends division, which began as an amateur team named "FocusMe". It also had a sister team DetonatioN Rabbit Five until 2015, when Riot Games applied the rule "one organization – one team" in every top league. DetonatioN FocusMe competes in the League of Legends Japan League (LJL), the country's top-level league for the game. The team qualified for the League of Legends World Championship in 2018, 2019, 2021, and 2022. During the 2021 World Championship, DetonatioN FocusMe placed first in their play-in group and automatically qualified for the group stage of the main event. This marked the first time an LJL team had advanced to the main event of an international tournament.

Counter-Strike Online
Counter-Strike Online  (CSO) is a tactical first-person shooter video game, targeted towards Asia's gaming market released in 2008. It is based on Counter-Strike and was developed by Nexon with oversight from license-holder Valve. It uses a micropayment model that is managed by a custom version of Steam.
Robert Lowe (athlete)
Robert Lowe (born 4 May 1945) is a former Paralympic athlete from Great Britain competing mainly in throwing events.

Lowe represented Great Britain at the 1984 Summer Paralympics in athletics taking a clean sweep of the field events of Javelin, Shot Put and Discus.

After he retired as a competitor, Lowe went onto coach the Great Britain bowls team at the 1988 Summer Paralympics in Seoul and was the International Paralympic Committee’s Chairman for Bowls from 1988-1996.

Robert (or Bob to friends) was a lifelong  Amateur Radio enthusiast, holding the CallSign G0FRL. Bob spent many years helping others to pass their Amateur Radio exams and he devoted many hours teaching Morse Code.

Lowe died on 23 August 2023.

Great Britain at the 1984 Summer Paralympics
Great Britain was the co-host of the 1984 Summer Paralympics in Stoke Mandeville, United Kingdom and New York City, United States. It was represented by 227 athletes competing in archery, athletics, boccia, cycling, equestrian, football, lawn bowls, powerlifting, shooting, snooker, swimming, table tennis, volleyball, wheelchair basketball, and wheelchair fencing. It finished second in the overall medal count, with a total of 331 medals.

By hosting the Games in Stoke Mandeville, Britain was returning them to their roots. The Paralympic Games had grown out of the Stoke Mandeville Games, founded in 1948.

At the 1984 Games, Great Britain won the most medals among all Les Autres events.  They claimed 55.  Spain was second with 38 and the United States was third with 26.
Herb Abrams
Herbert Charles Abrams (July 9, 1955 – July 23, 1996), also known by the nickname Mr. Electricity, was an American professional wrestling promoter from Queens, New York, who founded the Universal Wrestling Federation (UWF) in 1990.

SportsChannel
SportsChannel is the collective name for a former group of regional sports networks in the United States that was owned by Cablevision, which from 1988 until the group's demise, operated it as a joint venture with NBC.

Operating from March 1, 1979, to January 27, 1998, it was the country's first regional sports network, and along with Prime Network, was an important ancestor to many of the regional sports outlets in the U.S., particularly Fox Sports Networks and Comcast SportsNet. At its peak, SportsChannel operated nine networks serving several of the nation's largest cities including New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago and Philadelphia.
The Historical Plague
The Historical Plague is a collector's vinyl boxed set by the black metal band Old Man's Child, limited to 2000 copies. It was released on 8 December 2003 by Century Media Records. It contained remastered Gatefold Vinyl LP versions of the five Studio Albums that Old Man's Child had released up to 2003: Born of the Flickering (1996), The Pagan Prosperity (1997), Ill-Natured Spiritual Invasion (1998), Revelation 666 - The Curse of Damnation (2000) and In Defiance of Existence (2003).

Century Media Records
Century Media Records is a German heavy metal record label with offices in Germany, the United States and the United Kingdom. In August 2015, Century Media was acquired by Sony Music for US$17 million.
Cho Sung-man
Cho Sung-man (Korean: 조성만) is a South Korean figure skating coach. He has coached skaters including Park Bit-na, Kim Na-young, and Park Yun-joon in both national and international competitions.

He currently serves as a coach and as Director of the Incheon Skating Federation. Cho has also been involved in a cultural skating exchange program with East West Ice Palace in Artesia, California. As part of this initiative, he has collaborated with coaches such as Jean Yun, Peter Oppegard, and Karen Kwan-Oppegard to provide South Korean skaters with training opportunities.

Kim Na-young (figure skater)
Kim Na-young (born November 18, 1990) is a South Korean former competitive figure skater. She is a two-time South Korean national champion (2007 & 2008), a two-time Asian Trophy silver medalist, and a two-time bronze medalist on the ISU Junior Grand Prix circuit.
2024 Polish Film Awards
The 26th Polish Film Awards took place on 4  March 2024 at the Polish Theatre in Warsaw, Poland. The ceremony honored the best in Polish cinema of 2023, presented by the Polish Film Academy. It was hosted by presenters Karolina Korwin Piotrowska and Błażej Hrapkowicz and broadcast on Canal+.

Drama film Green Border won its sole award, Best Film. Historical drama film Scarborn won the most awards with six, followed by Filip with four and The Peasants with two.

Green Border
Green Border (Polish: Zielona granica) is a 2023 drama film directed by Agnieszka Holland. The film is written by Holland, Gabriela Łazarkiewicz-Sieczko, and Maciej Pisuk, and stars an ensemble cast that includes Jalal Altawil, Maja Ostaszewska, Behi Djanati Atai, Tomasz Włosok, Mohamad Al Rashi, Dalia Naous, Maciej Stuhr, and Agata Kulesza. It dramatizes the plight of migrants caught in the Belarus–European Union border crisis. The film was an international co-production between companies in Poland, Czech Republic, France, and Belgium.

The film competed for the Golden Lion at the 80th Venice International Film Festival, where it won the Special Jury Prize. It received positive reviews from critics but was condemned by Polish government officials and by some segments of the wider Polish nation. It was released in Poland on 22 September 2023 by Kino Świat.
Magdrive
Magdrive Ltd is a British space technology company headquartered at the Harwell Science and Innovation Campus in Oxfordshire. Founded in 2019 by Mark Stokes (CEO) and Dr Thomas Clayson (CTO), the company develops compact, high-thrust electric plasma propulsion systems for small satellites and spacecraft using solid metal propellant. In June 2025, Magdrive launched its first two thrusters into orbit in collaboration with D-Orbit.

Space technology
Space technology is technology for use in outer space. Space technology includes space vehicles such as spacecraft, satellites, space stations and orbital launch vehicles; deep-space communication; in-space propulsion; and a wide variety of other technologies including support infrastructure equipment, and procedures.

Many common everyday services for terrestrial use such as weather forecasting, remote sensing, satellite navigation systems, satellite television, and some long-distance communications systems critically rely on space infrastructure. Of the sciences, astronomy and Earth science benefit from space technology. New technologies originating with or accelerated by space-related endeavors are often subsequently exploited in other economic activities.
Niagara Frontier Review
Niagara Frontier Review was an annual small magazine of poetry and prose, edited by Charles Olson, Harvey Brown, and Charles Boer [Brover]. The magazine was published by Harvey Brown in Buffalo, New York, during the years 1964–1966 and ran three issues. It was associated with Charles Olson, then at SUNY Buffalo, San Francisco Renaissance poets, and New York avant-garde poets and jazz musicians. Submissions included those by Robert Creeley, Robert Kelly, Leroi Jones (Amira Baraka), Ed Dorn, John Wieners, Ray Bremser, Robert Duncan, Gary Snyder, John Temple,  Diane DiPrima,  Albert Glover,  Fred Wah,  the jazz musician Don Cherry,    Stephen Rodefer,  Herbert Huncke, Charles Boer, Andrew Crozier and Charles Olson. The third issue also carried Cantos CX and 116 by Ezra Pound.

Robert Creeley
Robert White Creeley (May 21, 1926 – March 30, 2005) was an American poet and author of more than 60 books. He is associated with the Black Mountain poets, although his verse aesthetic diverged from that school. Creeley was close with Charles Olson, Robert Duncan, Allen Ginsberg, John Wieners and Ed Dorn.

Creeley served as the Samuel P. Capen Professor of Poetry and the Humanities at State University of New York at Buffalo. In 1991, he joined colleagues Susan Howe, Charles Bernstein, Raymond Federman, Robert Bertholf, and Dennis Tedlock in founding the Poetics Program at Buffalo.

Creeley lived in Waldoboro, Buffalo, and Providence, where he taught at Brown University. He was a recipient of the Lannan Foundation Lifetime Achievement Award.
1962 Davis Cup
The 1962 Davis Cup was the 51st edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 28 teams entered the Europe Zone, 8 teams entered the Eastern Zone, and 5 teams entered the America Zone. Iran and the Soviet Union made their first appearances in the tournament.

Mexico defeated Yugoslavia in the America Zone final, India defeated the Philippines in the Eastern Zone final, and Sweden defeated Italy in the Europe Zone final. In the Inter-Zonal Zone, Mexico defeated Sweden in the semifinal, and then defeated India in the final. Mexico were then defeated by the defending champions Australia in the Challenge Round. The final was played at the Milton Courts in Brisbane, Australia on 26–28 December. It was Mexico's first appearance in a Davis Cup final.

Australia Davis Cup team
The Australia Davis Cup team is the second most successful team ever to compete in the Davis Cup, winning the coveted title on 28 separate occasions, second behind the United States with 32.

Australia also participated in winning the Davis Cup six times with New Zealand under the alias Australasia (1905–1922).
Antoaneta
Antoaneta is a Bulgarian given name. Notable people with this name include the following:

Antoaneta Boneva (born 1986), Bulgarian shooter

Antoaneta Frenkeva (born 1971), Bulgarian swimmer

Antoaneta Pandjerova (born 1977), Bulgarian tennis player

Antoaneta Rakhneva (born 1962), Bulgarian gymnast

Antoaneta Stefanova (born 1979), Bulgarian chess player

Antoaneta Strumenlieva (born 1968), Bulgarian swimmer

Antoaneta Todorova (born 1963), Bulgarian javelin athlete

Antoaneta Vassileva (born 1960), Bulgarian economist

Antoaneta Vassileva
Antoaneta Vassileva (in Bulgarian: Антоанета Василева; born 1960) is a Bulgarian economist and Professor of Global Economics and International Economic Relations at the International Economic Relations and Business Department at the University of National and World Economy (UNWE). She was Dean of the International Economics and Politics Faculty of the UNWE from 2011 until 2014.
Calico M960A
The Calico M960A is an American 
selective-fire submachine gun (SMG) based on the Calico M950 with the addition of an extending butt and a forward grip. It is chambered for the 9×19mm Luger which takes 50-round or 100-round helical magazine which fits on top of the rear of the receiver. The M960A was first produced in 1990, and its rate of fire is 750 rpm.

Rate of fire
Rate of fire is the frequency at which a specific weapon can fire or launch its projectiles. This can be influenced by several factors, including operator training level, mechanical limitations, ammunition availability, and weapon condition. In modern weaponry, it is usually measured in rounds per minute (RPM or round/min) or rounds per second (RPS or round/s).

There are three different measurements for the rate of fire: cyclic, sustained, and rapid. Cyclic is the maximum rate of fire given only mechanical function, not taking into account degradation of function due to heat, wear, or ammunition constraints. Sustained is the maximum efficient rate of fire given the time taken to load the weapon and keep it cool enough to operate. Finally, rapid is the maximum reasonable rate of fire in an emergency when the rate of fire need not be upheld for long periods.
Chandy–Lamport algorithm
The Chandy–Lamport algorithm is a snapshot algorithm that is used in distributed systems for recording a consistent global state of an asynchronous system. It was developed by and named after Leslie Lamport and K. Mani Chandy.

Asynchronous communication
In telecommunications, asynchronous communication is transmission of data, generally without the use of an external clock signal, where data can be transmitted intermittently rather than in a steady stream. Any timing required to recover data from the communication symbols is encoded within the symbols.

The most significant aspect of asynchronous communications is that data is not transmitted at regular intervals, thus making possible variable bit rate, and that the transmitter and receiver clock generators do not have to be exactly synchronized all the time. In asynchronous transmission, data is sent one byte at a time and each byte is preceded by start and stop bits.
Be Happy Koi no Yajirobee
Be Happy Koi no Yajirobee (BE HAPPY 恋のやじろべえ, "Be Happy (Balance Toy of Love)") is the 8th and final single by the Hello! Project girl group Tanpopo, and the first and only release by the group's "third generation" (Rika Ishikawa, Ayumi Shibata, Asami Konno, and Risa Niigaki). It was released on September 26, 2002 with the catalog number EPCE-5178. The first pressing came with a special trading card. The single peaked at #5 on the weekly Oricon charts, charting for 6 weeks. The single has a "crisp feel", with a touch of hip hop and R&B.

This single sold 40,070 copies in its first week and 60,450 copies all together, making it the group's lowest-selling single. It was not, however, their worst-charting single, as it cracked Oricon's top five, which some "first generation" singles had failed to do. The PV for the song was featured on Tanpopo Single V Clips 1, released in June 2004.

Tanpopo
Tanpopo (タンポポ; lit. "Dandelion") was a sub-group of the Japanese idol girl group Morning Musume and associated with Hello! Project. It was formed by Up-Front Promotion in November 1998 as Morning Musume's first sub-group. While the main group Morning Musume features predominantly upbeat songs with a fast tempo,  Tanpopo featured slower tempo, sentimental and retro-style songs.
Ndrouani
11°46′03″S 43°15′12″E﻿ / ﻿11.76750°S 43.25333°E﻿ / -11.76750; 43.25333

Ndrouani is a village on the island of Grande Comore (Ngazidja) in the Comoros. According to the 1991 census, the village had a population of 728.

Grande Comore
Grande Comore (French pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃d kɔmɔʁ]; Swahili: Ngazidja) is an island in Comoros off the coast of Africa. It is the largest island in the Comoros nation. Most of its population is of the Comorian ethnic group. Its population as of 2006 is about 316,600. The island's capital is Moroni, which is also the national capital. The island is made up of two shield volcanoes, with Mount Karthala being the country's highest point at 2,361 m (7,746 ft) above sea level. Inl line with the 2009 revision of the constitution of 2002, it is governed by an elected governor, as are the other islands, with the federal government being much reduced in power. The name Ngazidja is sometimes seen in the now nonstandard form Njazidja.
Folke Heybroek
Folke Heybroek (September 2, 1913 – February 28, 1983) was a Dutch expressionist artist, monumental sculptor, illustrator, textile designer and stained-glass designer who spent his professional life in Sweden where his monumental works decorate more than 70 public spaces, churches and schools.  Both he and his wife, Brita Horn-Heybroek, were prominent members of the prestigious Eskilstuna Art Society.

Textile design
Textile design, also known as textile geometry, is the creative and technical process by which thread or yarn fibers are interlaced to form a piece of cloth or fabric, which is subsequently printed upon or otherwise adorned. Textile design is further broken down into three major disciplines: printed textile design, woven textile design, and mixed media textile design. Each uses different methods to produce a fabric for variable uses and markets. Textile design as an industry is involved in other disciplines such as fashion, interior design, and fine arts.
Marius Curtuiuș
Marius Aurelian Curtuiuș (born August 8, 1989) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Liga IV side Silvicultorul Maieru. In his career Curtuiuș played in the Liga I and Liga II for teams such as: Gloria Bistrița, Râmnicu Vâlcea, Olt Slatina and UTA Arad.

Liga IV
Liga IV is the fourth level of the Romanian football league system and is run in all 41 counties and in the Municipality of Bucharest. It was known as the Regional Championship, County Championship, Divizia C – County Phase and Divizia D. Its name was changed into Liga IV before the start of the 2006–07 season.
You Ain't Seen the Last of Me
You Ain't Seen the Last of Me is the ninth studio album by American actor and country music artist John Schneider. It was released in 1987 via MCA Records. The album includes singles "Love, You Ain't Seen the Last of Me", "When the Right One Comes Along" and "If It Was Anyone but You".

John Schneider (screen actor)
John Richard Schneider (born April 8, 1960) is an American actor and singer. He is best known for his portrayal of Bo Duke in the television action comedy series The Dukes of Hazzard (1979–1985), as Clark Kent's father: Jonathan Kent, in the television series Smallville (2001–2011), and Jim Cryer in the television series The Haves and the Have Nots (2013–2021).

Alongside his acting career, Schneider has been a country singer since the early 1980s, releasing nine studio albums, a greatest hits package, and eighteen singles. This total includes "I've Been Around Enough to Know", "Country Girls", "What's a Memory Like You", and "You're the Last Thing I Needed Tonight", all of which reached the top of the Billboard country singles charts.
Sharjah Professor in Islamic Law and Finance
The Sharjah Chair in Islamic Law and Finance is a professorship or chair in the Institute for Middle East and Islamic Studies, which forms part of the School of Government and International Affairs at Durham University. The Chair is named after the Sharjah emirate whose Emir Sheikh Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi originally endowed the chair in 2008.

Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi
Sheikh Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi (Arabic: سلطان بن محمد القاسمي, romanized: Sulṭān bin Muḥammad al-Qāsimī; born 2 July 1939) is an Emirati politician, author, historian, and the current and 11th ruler of the Emirate of Sharjah and a member of the Federal Supreme Council of the United Arab Emirates since January 1972. He is best known for his historical publications, support for education, and preservation of cultural landmarks. He restored the Al Hisn Fort in Sharjah in 1970 and served as the United Arab Emirates first Minister of Education in 1971. As an academic, he has authored multiple historical documents as well as memoirs, studies, novels, poetry and plays regarding the Middle East and North Africa.
Paul Berth
Paul Ludvig Laurits Berth (7 April 1890 in Copenhagen – 9 November 1969 in Gentofte) was a Danish amateur Association football player, who played 26 games and scored one goal for the Denmark national team, with whom he won a silver medal at the 1912 Summer Olympics.

Berth played for Danish team Akademisk Boldklub (AB), when he made his Danish national team debut in October 1911. He was part of the Danish team at the 1912 Summer Olympics, in which he played all three matches as Denmark won the silver medals in the football tournament. With AB, he won the 1919 and 1921 Danish football championships. He was a part of the Danish squad at the 1920 Summer Olympics, but spent the tournament as an unused reserve. He ended his national team career in April 1922, having played 26 international games for Denmark, 14 of these as team captain.

Gentofte
Gentofte (Danish pronunciation: [ˈkentsʰʌftə]) is a district of Gentofte Municipality in the northern suburbs of Copenhagen, Denmark. Major landmarks include Gentofte Town Hall, Gentofte Hospital and Gentofte Church. Gentofte Lake with surrounding parkland and nature reserves form the most important greenspace.