hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Opinion polling on the 1989–1993 Polish governments
In 1989–1993, in the period following the abolition of communism in Poland with the 1989 Polish parliamentary election to the 1993 Polish parliamentary election, the country was governed by a 5 governments: the Mazowiecki government (1989–1991), Bielecki government (1991), Olszewski government (1991–1992), Pawlak government (1992, lost motion of confidence) and Suchocka government (1992–1993). In the period of these governments, several polling agencies conducted opinion polls researching support for issues regarding their time in power.

Opinion poll
An opinion poll, often simply referred to as a survey or a poll, is a human research survey of public opinion from a particular sample. Opinion polls are usually designed to represent the opinions of a population by conducting a series of questions and then extrapolating generalities in ratio or within confidence intervals. A person who conducts polls is referred to as a pollster.
Bhola Island
Bhola Island (also called Dakhin Shahbazpur) is the largest island of Bangladesh with an area of 1,295 km2 (500 sq mi) and a coastline of 324 km (201 mi). It accounts for most of the land area of Bhola District in Barisal Division.

Barisal Division
Barisal Division (Bengali: বরিশাল বিভাগ, romanized: Borishal Bibhag; Bengali pronunciation: [boriʃal bibʱag]) is one of the eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. Located in the south-central part of the country, it has an area of 13,225 km2 (5,106 sq mi), and a population of 9,325,820 at the 2022 census. It is the least populous division in Bangladesh. It is bounded by Dhaka Division on the north, the Bay of Bengal on the south, Chittagong Division on the east and Khulna Division on the west. The administrative capital, Barisal city, lies in the Padma River delta on an offshoot of the Arial Khan River. Barisal division is criss-crossed by numerous rivers that earned it the nickname Dhan-Nodi-Khal, Ei tin-e Borishal (rice, river and canal built Barisal).
Randall Grahm
Randall Grahm is a California winemaker and the founder of Bonny Doon Vineyard.  He is perhaps best known for his pioneering work with Rhone varieties in California and for popularizing the use of screw caps on premium wines.  He was an early proponent of transparent ingredient labeling on bottled wines, and has been a prominent advocate of terroir wines and biodynamic practice.

Winemaker
A winemaker or vintner is a person engaged in winemaking. They are generally employed by wineries or wine companies, where their work includes:

Cooperating with viticulturists

Monitoring the maturity of grapes to ensure their quality and to determine the correct time for harvest

Crushing and pressing grapes

Monitoring the settling of juice and the fermentation of grape material

Filtering the wine to remove remaining solids

Testing the quality of wine by tasting

Placing filtered wine in casks or tanks for storage and maturation

Preparing plans for bottling wine once it has matured

Making sure that quality is maintained when the wine is bottled

Today, these duties require an increasing amount of scientific knowledge, since laboratory tests are gradually supplementing or replacing traditional methods. Winemakers can also be referred to as oenologists as they study oenology – the science of wine.
2002 Asian Junior Athletics Championships
The 2002 Asian Junior Athletics Championships was the tenth edition of the international athletics competition for Asian under-20 athletes, organised by the Asian Athletics Association. It took place from 28 to 31 October in Bangkok, Thailand. A total of 43 events were contested, which were divided equally between male and female athletes aside from the men's 3000 metres steeplechase.

Asian Athletics
The Asian Athletics formerly known as Asian Athletics Association and Asian Amateur Athletics Association (from 1973 to 2002) is the continental governing body for the sport of athletics in Asia. It is headquartered in Thailand. It organises the Asian Championships in Athletics and other continental competitions.

The current president Qatari Dahlan Jumaan al-Hamad, who was elected to the position in 2013. Suresh Kalmadi of India was the president from 2000 to 2013.
Max Bohatsch
Max Bohatsch was an Austrian figure skater. He was the 1905 European champion and a three-time World medalist, winning silver in 1905 and 1907, and bronze in 1903. He won the Austrian Championships three times, in 1901, 1904, and 1905. He came in second place at the 1904 European Championships.

Figure skating historian James R. Hines reports that Irving Brokaw, in his 1910 book The Art of Skating (1910), describes "a slightly simplified version" of the ten-step ice dance, which Brokaw calls "the Bohastsch march".

1907 World Figure Skating Championships
The World Figure Skating Championships is an annual event sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion. The 1907 competition took place on January 21–22 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary.
Alexandre Antonelli
Alexandre Antonelli (born 15 August 1978) is Executive Director of Science at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK, Professor of Biodiversity and Systematics at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, and Visiting Professor at the University of Oxford. He is a biodiversity scientist working to understand the diversity, evolution and distribution of life on Earth and how best to protect and sustainably use it. His first popular science book, The Hidden Universe: Adventures in Biodiversity, was published in July 2022. It served as inspiration for the founding of two non-profits under the umbrella of the Hidden Universe: Biodiversity, or HUB Initiative, hosting the Atlantic Forest Research and Conservation Alliance.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Hunting Pignut
Hunting Pignut is a 2016 Canadian drama film, written and directed by Martine Blue. The film stars Taylor Hickson as Bernice, a young girl who sets off on her own in pursuit of Pignut (Joel Thomas Hynes) after he crashes her father's funeral and steals the ashes.

The film premiered at the Whistler Film Festival in 2016, before going into general release in 2017. Hickson won the Rising Star Award at Whistler, and was nominated for a Leo Award for Best Actress. At the Arizona International Film Festival in 2017, the film won the award for Best First Feature.

Dani Bailey received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Original Song at the 6th Canadian Screen Awards in 2018 for the song "Rid the Dark".

Arizona International Film Festival
The Arizona International Film Festival is the oldest and longest running independent film festival in Arizona. Taking place yearly, film programs include a mix of shorts, children's films, feature-length films, documentaries and animation films.  The festival is also a Film Festival Grant Recipient of The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
2018 in arthropod paleontology
Paleontology portal

History of science portal

This list of fossil arthropods described in 2018 is a list of new taxa of trilobites, fossil insects, crustaceans, arachnids, and other fossil arthropods of every kind that were described during the year 2018, as well as other significant discoveries, and events related to arthropod paleontology occurring in  2018.

Crown group
In phylogenetics, the crown group or crown assemblage is a collection of species composed of the living representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor. It is thus a way of defining a clade, a group consisting of a species and all its extant or extinct descendants. For example, Neornithes (birds) can be defined as a crown group, which includes the most recent common ancestor of all modern birds, and all of its extant or extinct descendants.

The concept was developed by Willi Hennig, the formulator of phylogenetic systematics, as a way of classifying living organisms relative to their extinct relatives in his "Die Stammesgeschichte der Insekten",
and the "crown" and "stem" group terminology was coined by R. P. S. Jefferies in 1979. Though formulated in the 1970s, the term was not commonly used until its reintroduction in 2000 by Graham Budd and Sören Jensen.
Committees of the 8th Supreme People's Assembly
The committees of the 8th Supreme People's Assembly (SPA) of North Korea were elected by the 1st Session of the aforementioned body on 30 December 1986. It was replaced on 26 May 1990 by the committees of the 9th Supreme People's Assembly.

Committees of the 9th Supreme People's Assembly
The committees of the 9th Supreme People's Assembly (9th SPA) were elected by the 1st Session of the 9th SPA on 26 May 1990. They were replaced on 6 September 1998 by the committees of the 10th Supreme People's Assembly.
Kessleria fasciapennella
Kessleria fasciapennella is a moth of the  family Yponomeutidae. It is found in Great Britain, Fennoscandia, the Baltic region, Poland, Austria, Switzerland and Spain.

The wingspan is 14–18 mm. Adults are on wing from August to September and again, after overwintering, from May to June.

The larvae feed on Parnassia palustris. They mine the leaves of their host plant. They can be found from June to July.

Baltic region
The Baltic Sea Region, alternatively the Baltic Rim countries (or simply the Baltic Rim), and the Baltic Sea countries/states, refers to the general area surrounding the Baltic Sea, including parts of Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. Unlike the "Baltic states", the Baltic region includes all countries that border the sea.
João Henrique Campos
João Henrique de Andrade Lima Campos (born 26 November 1993), is a Brazilian politician who has been the mayor of Recife since 2021. He was first elected as a federal deputy to the Chamber of Deputies for the state of Pernambuco during the 2018 general election as a member of the Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB). He is the son of former government minister and governor of Pernambuco Eduardo Campos.

Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.
Ten Minute Alibi (play)
Ten Minute Alibi is a 1933 crime thriller play by the British author Anthony Armstrong. It premiered at the Embassy Theatre in Swiss Cottage on 2 January 1933, before transferring to London's West End. It ran for 857 performances between 8 February 1933 and 26 January 1935, initially at the Haymarket Theatre before switching to the Phoenix Theatre. The London cast included Anthony Ireland, Robert Douglas, Bernard Lee, George Merritt, Charles Hickman, Celia Johnson, Jessica Tandy, Gillian Maude and Aileen Marson. It was directed by Sinclair Hill. A Broadway version at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre ran for 89 performances.

Swiss Cottage
Swiss Cottage is an area in the London Borough of Camden, England. It is centred on the junction of Avenue Road and Finchley Road and includes Swiss Cottage tube station. Swiss Cottage lies 3.25 miles (5.23 km) north-northwest of Charing Cross. The area was named after a public house in the centre of it, known as "Ye Olde Swiss Cottage".
I'm Goin' Out Lika Soldier
I'm Goin' Out Lika Soldier is the second solo studio album by American rapper Willie D. It was released on September 15, 1992, through Rap-A-Lot Records with distribution via Priority Records. Recording sessions took place at Track Design Studios and at Ultimate Sound Studios in Houston. Production was handled by Crazy C, Goldfingers, John Bido, Roland and Willie D.

The album peaked at number 88 on the Billboard 200 and at number 27 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums in the United States. Its lead single, "Clean Up Man", made it to #51 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and to #6 on the Hot Rap Songs.

Priority Records
Priority Records is an American distribution company and record label known for artists including N.W.A, Ice Cube, MC Ren, Dr. Dre, Master P, Snoop Dogg, Mos Def, Silkk the Shocker, Jay-Z, Paris, Mack 10, 504 Boyz, Brotha Lynch Hung, C-Murder, Mia X, Westside Connection, and Ice-T. It also distributed hip-hop record labels including Death Row Records, Hoo-Bangin' Records, No Limit Records, Posthuman Records, Rap-A-Lot Records, Rawkus Records, Roc-A-Fella Records, Ruthless Records Duck Down Records, and Wu-Tang Records. According to Billboard, "few record labels were as important to the rise of West Coast hip-hop as Priority Records".
Katama Mkangi
George Chamanje Katama Mkangi was a Kenyan novelist, sociologist, and pro-democracy activist. He was born in Ribe Location, Kaloleni Constituency, Kilifi County, and is known both as a lecturer in Sociology and as a writer whose novels engaged deeply with Kenya's social and political realities. Beyond academia and literature, Mkangi was an advocate for human rights and democratic reforms.

Kilifi County
Kilifi County is located in the Kenyan coast. It was formed in 2010 as a result of a merger of Kilifi District and Malindi District, Kenya. Its capital is Kilifi and its largest town is Malindi . The county had a population of 1,453,787 people following the 2019 census and covers an area of 12,245.90 km2 (4,728.17 sq mi).

The county is located north and northeast of Mombasa. Kilifi has fewer tourists than Mombasa County, however there is some tourism in Kikambala, Watamu, Malindi and Kilifi. The county is known for the Ruins of Gedi, which includes mosques and tombs dating from the 11th to the 17th century.
Idaho's 25th legislative district
Idaho's 25th legislative district is one of 35 districts of the Idaho Legislature. It is currently represented by Senator Jim Patrick, Republican of Twin Falls, Representative Laurie Lickley, Republican of Jerome, and Representative Clark Kauffman, Republican of Filer.

Jim Patrick
Jim Patrick (born July 1, 1945) is an American politician and farmer who served as a member of the Idaho Senate from the 25th district. He was previously a member of the Idaho House of Representatives from 2006 to 2012. He served as chairman of the Senate Commerce and Human Resources Committee.
Al-Bukiryah FC
Al-Bukiryah Football Club (Arabic: نادي البكيرية) is a Saudi Arabian football club based in Al Bukayriyah, Qassim. Founded in 1962, the club competes in the Saudi First Division, the second tier of Saudi football.

Saudi football league system
The tables below show the current makeup of the Saudi Arabian Football League system. The Saudi Pro League sits at the top of the pyramid and currently three teams get promoted/relegated between the Pro League and the First Division League.

There is also a Second Division League which currently features two groups of sixteen teams were clubs are promoted between this level and the First Division.

SAFF announcement a newly created fourth division officially named is Third Division League from 2021, the league features four groups of eight teams were clubs are promoted between this level and the Second Division.

The Saudi Arabian Football Federation announced the launch of new versions of women's football competitions by introducing the Saudi Women's Premier League and Saudi Women's First Division League.
Carl Tham
Carl Gustav Wilhelm Tham (born 5 July 1939) is a Swedish politician. Until 1984, he was a member of Liberal People's Party, and since 1986, he is a Social Democrat.

He was Party secretary in the Liberal People's Party from 1969 to 1978. He was minister for energy from 1978 to 1979 and member of the Riksdag (parliament) in 1976 and from 1979 to 1980. Then he became director-general of the State Energy Agency (Statens energiverk), a position he held from 1983 to 1985 and of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency from 1985 to 1994. He became education minister in 1994 and served in that capacity until 1998. Between 2002 and 2006, he was the Swedish Ambassador in Berlin. Tham is the only person in modern times who has served in a right/centre government as well as a Social Democratic Government.

Minister for Energy (Sweden)
The Minister for Energy (Swedish: Energiminister) is a cabinet minister within the Government of Sweden and appointed by the Prime Minister of Sweden.

The minister is responsible for issues regarding energy, the energy market and the development of renewable energy. The current minister for energy is Ebba Busch, appointed on 18 October 2022.
S. Kalitheerthan
S. Kalitheerthan (died January 2011) was an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly from Sankarapuram constituency as an Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate in 1980 and 1984 elections. He died in January 2011 following illness.

1984 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
The eighth legislative assembly election for Tamil Nadu was held on 24 December 1984. All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) won the election and its general secretary, incumbent M. G. Ramachandran (M.G.R) was sworn in as Chief Minister, for the third time. The election victory was mainly attributed to the sympathy wave created by Indira Gandhi's assassination and M.G.R's illness coupled with Rajiv Gandhi's popularity. This is the last election M.G.R contested as he died in office in 1987. This is also the only general election which M. Karunanidhi did not contest since 1957 until his death, as he sought to avoid a direct, disadvantageous contest due to a volatile political climate. As now, this is the last election where the ruling party gained seats.
Madan Prasad Pariyar
Madan Prasad Pariyar is a Nepalese Climate & Agriculture expert, and the president of Samata Foundation who is currently serving as the Minister for Agriculture and Livestock Development in the interim cabinet of Prime Minister Sushila Karki since 22 September 2025. Pariyar is also serving as the Minister of Water Supply as of January 2026.

2025 United Nations Climate Change Conference
The 2025 United Nations Climate Change Conference or Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC, more commonly known as COP30, was the 30th session of the United Nations Climate Change Conference. It was held at the Hangar Convention Centre in Belém, Brazil, from 10 to 21 November 2025.

Agreeing an explicit plan or roadmap for phasing out fossil fuels was the most contentious issue. Oil producing nations blocked any binding language so the COP30 president, André Corrêa do Lago, announced two voluntary roadmaps outside the formal UN process.

The conference text agreed after final negotiations was a compromise.  Its main points were:

Tripling climate adaptation finance by 2035 but without clarity on who pays.

A Just Transition Mechanism (JTM) to support fairness in moving to a green economy.

Adoption of 59 global indicators for tracking adaptation progress.

Commentators considered the overall outcome to have been weak.
Le Plateau, Gatineau
Le Plateau (also known as Plateau, or Du Plateau) is a neighbourhood and an urban village in Gatineau, located west of downtown Hull, in the Ottawa area of Canada. The neighbourhood is limited to Gatineau Park to the north, chemin Vanier to the west, Boulevard Saint-Raymond to the east and Boulevard des Allumettières to the south. It consists mostly of houses, but many shopping centres find their home at Plateau.

Le Plateau is located south of Gatineau Park, one of the biggest urban parks in the world. It also contains the Gatineau Hills and does not border any major body of water.

Allumettières Boulevard
Boulevard des Allumettières (formerly called Boulevard Saint-Laurent) is a major 13.7 km arterial road in Gatineau, Quebec, Canada, that connects Aylmer and Hull sectors of the city running from Eardley Road to the Alexandra Bridge towards Ottawa. It is the most recent east-west arterial connection from the West to the downtown core and construction of the entire length was completed during the fall of 2007.
Acanthophora
Acanthophora is also a synonym for Aralia. For the section of Solanum, see Solanum sect. Acanthophora.

Acanthophora is a genus of marine red algae in the family Rhodomelaceae.There are 26 species (and infraspecific) names in the AlgaeBase database at present, of which 7 have been flagged as currently accepted taxonomically.

Section (botany)
In botany, a section (Latin: sectio) is a taxonomic rank below the genus, but above the species. The subgenus, if present, is higher than the section, and the rank of series, if present, is below the section. Sections may in turn be divided into subsections.

Sections are typically used to help organise very large genera, which may have hundreds of species. A botanist wanting to distinguish groups of species may prefer to create a taxon at the rank of section or series to avoid making new combinations, i.e. many new binomial names for the species involved.

Examples:

Lilium sectio Martagon Rchb. are the Turks' cap lilies

Plagiochila aerea Taylor is the type species of Plagiochila sect. Bursatae
Los archivos del cardenal
Los archivos del cardenal (The Archives of the Cardinal) is a Chilean TV series that premiered on 21 July 2011 on Televisión Nacional de Chile (TVN) and was based on the human rights defense work carried out by the Vicariate of Solidarity during the dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet (1973–1990). The first season had 12 episodes, achieving an audience rating of 17.5 points for its first chapter. The last episode of the season got 8.0 points, and was broadcast live at the Museum of Memory and Human Rights before more than 2,000 people in a giant screen projection.

After sweeping the 2012 Altazor Awards (Best Screenplay, Best Director, Best Actress, and Best Actor), its director Nicolás Acuña announced the renewal of the series for a second season. This one, which consists of 12 episodes, was released on Sunday, 9 March 2014, achieving an average of 6.5 points, but generating discomfort among the cast and crew due to its filming schedule.

Francisco Melo
Juan Francisco Melo Miquel (born February 14, 1966) is a Chilean actor, producer and also model. His first TV performance was in the TVN program Mea Culpa in 1993. From then on he has appeared in several soap operas, movies and TV shows.
Saverio Bettinelli
Saverio Bettinelli S.J. (18 July 1718 – 13 September 1808) was an Italian Jesuit priest and writer. He became known as a polymath, dramatist, polemicist, poet, and literary critic. He was a friend of some of the leading authors of his times: Voltaire, Francesco Algarotti, Vincenzo Monti and Ippolito Pindemonte. Théodore Tronchin, Guillaume du Tillot, Melchiorre Cesarotti, Giacomo Filippo Durazzo, Pietro Verri, Giammaria Mazzucchelli and Francesco Maria Zanotti were among his correspondents.

Treccani
Institute Giovanni Treccani for the publication of the Italian Encyclopedia (Italian: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana - Treccani), also known as Treccani Institute or simply Treccani, is a cultural institution of national interest, active in the publishing field, founded by Giovanni Treccani and Giovanni Gentile in 1925. It is known for publishing the first edition and the subsequent ten supplements of the Italian Encyclopaedia of Science, Literature and Arts (Italian: Enciclopedia Italiana di scienze, lettere ed arti).