hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Poleteins Charterhouse
Poleteins Charterhouse (French: Chartreuse de Poleteins), sometimes Poletains or Poletins, was a community of Carthusian nuns, or charterhouse, located in Mionnay, department of Ain, France. It was founded in the 1230s and taken over by Lyon Charterhouse in the early 17th century. The buildings were demolished after the French Revolution.

Charterhouse (monastery)
A charterhouse (French: chartreuse; German: Kartause; Italian: certosa; Portuguese: cartuxa; Spanish: cartuja) is a monastery of Carthusian monks. The English word is derived by phono-semantic matching from the French word chartreuse  and it is therefore sometimes misunderstood to indicate that the houses were created by charter, a grant of legal rights by a high authority.

The actual namesake is instead the first monastery of the order, the Grande Chartreuse, which St Bruno of Cologne established in a valley of the Chartreuse Mountains in 1084.

The London Charterhouse was the first English site to which this English version of the word was applied.
1237 Geneviève
1237 Geneviève (prov. designation: 1931 XB) is a background asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 38 kilometers (24 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 2 December 1931, by French astronomer Guy Reiss at the Algerian Algiers Observatory in North Africa. The discoverer named it after his daughter Geneviève Reiss.

Center of Research in Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Geophysics
The Algiers Observatory was built in the late 19th century in the Algiers suburb of Bouzaréah, Algeria, North Africa. It participated in the Astrographic Catalogue project, taking the zone between -2 and +4 degrees to expose 1,260 plates between the years 1891 and 1911. At the tail end of that time, the director of the installation was François Gonnessiat.

It is now known as the Centre de Recherche en Astronomie Astrophysique et Géophysique (CRAAG), where it combines astronomy with work in astrophysics, and geophysical research, including the monitoring of earthquakes.
Murder of Reet Jurvetson
Reet Silvia Jurvetson (Estonian: Jürvetson; September 23, 1950 – c. November 14, 1969) was an Estonian-Canadian woman who was murdered in California in November 1969 at age 19. Her body remained unidentified for 46 years, until an online mortuary photograph was recognized by her family and friends in 2015. Prior to her identification, Jurvetson's body had been informally known as "Sherry Doe" and officially as "Jane Doe 59."

Members of the Manson Family were initially suspected of involvement in Jurvetson's murder, although the Los Angeles Police Department has discounted this possibility, stating the most likely suspect is an unidentified man named "John" or "Jean", whom she had specifically traveled from Canada to meet just weeks prior to her murder.

Forensic facial reconstruction
Forensic facial reconstruction (or forensic facial approximation) is the process of recreating the face of an individual (whose identity is often not known) from their skeletal remains through an amalgamation of artistry, anthropology, osteology, and anatomy.  It is easily the most subjective—as well as one of the most controversial—techniques in the field of forensic anthropology.  Despite this controversy, facial reconstruction has proved successful frequently enough that research and methodological developments continue to be advanced.

In addition to identification of unidentified decedents, facial reconstructions are created for remains believed to be of historical value and for remains of prehistoric hominids and humans.
Asphodelaceae
Asphodelaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Asparagales. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists, but the circumscription has varied widely. In its current circumscription in the APG IV system, it includes about 40 genera and 900 known species. The type genus is Asphodelus.

The family has a wide, but scattered, distribution throughout the tropics and temperate zones; for example, Xanthorrhoea is endemic to Australia, while the Aloes are unique to Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. Many of the family's genera are cultivated as ornamentals, with some being highly collectible and sought-after, such as Haworthia and Gasteria, as well as their intergeneric hybrids with Aloe (x Gasteraloe, x Gastorthia, x Haworthaloe, etc.), while a few are grown commercially for cut flowers. Two species of Aloe, A. vera and A. maculata, are grown for their leaf sap, which contains digestive enzymes, and has medicinal and cosmetic applications.

Aloe maculata
Aloe maculata (syn. Aloe saponaria), the soap aloe or zebra aloe, is a Southern African species of aloe. Local people in South Africa know it informally as the Bontaalwyn in Afrikaans, or lekhala in the Sesotho language.
Universitetet Blindern tram stop
Universitetet Blindern is a tram stop on the Ullevål Hageby Line of the Oslo Tramway. It is located on the north side of Blindern, the main campus of the University of Oslo, Norway.

The station opened on 1 June 1999 as part of the extension of the Ullevål Hageby Line to Rikshospitalet. It was formerly named Blindern nord. It is served by line 17 and 18, using SL95 low-floor trams, giving the station step-free access to the vehicles.

Tram stop
A tram stop, tram station, streetcar stop, or light rail station is a place designated for a tram, streetcar, or light rail vehicle to stop so passengers can board or alight it. Generally, tram stops share most characteristics of bus stops, but because trams operate on rails, they often include railway platforms, especially if stepless entries are provided for accessibility. However, trams may also be used with bus stop type flags and with mid-street pavements as platforms, in street running mode.
Roger Lindsay
Roger Alexander Lindsay of Craighall, Baron of Craighall, KStJ, FRHSC, FSA Scot (1941 – March 30, 2023) was a Canadian accountant. He was a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland and was also Rouge Herald of Arms Extraordinary at the Canadian Heraldic Authority.

Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland (ICAS) is the world's first professional body of Chartered Accountants (CAs).

ICAS act as a voice of the professional business community. Although other British accounting bodies use the title Chartered Accountant, the CA designation is unique to ICAS in the UK.

ICAS has more than 21,000 members and students worldwide. ICAS members are business advisors, business owners and entrepreneurs.  They play roles in 80% of the FTSE 100 companies. Half of ICAS members are based in Scotland; the other half work in England and around the globe.
DWRV-AM
DWRV (1233 AM) Radyo Veritas is a radio station owned and operated by the Diocese of Bayombong under Global Broadcasting System. The station's studio and transmitter are located along Maharlika Hi-way, Brgy. Luyang, Bayombong.

Bayombong
Bayombong, officially the Municipality of Bayombong (Gaddang: Ili na Bayombong; Ilocano: Ili ti Bayombong; Tagalog: Bayan ng Bayombong),  is a municipality and capital of the province of Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 72,890 people.

Bayombong is the seat of the provincial capitol and the most populous town of Nueva Vizcaya. The name Bayombong emanated from the Gaddang word “Bayongyong” which means the confluence of two or more rivers. It has been reported that a certain tribe arrived and tried to invade the place, which caused the outbreak of the first tribal war in the area. The site was renamed “Bayumbung” as a sign of the Gaddangs' first victory in fighting for their private domains.
Love Phantom
"Love Phantom" is the eighteenth single by B'z, released on October 11, 1995. This song is one of B'z many number-one singles in Oricon chart. The song was used as ending theme for The X-Files during the height of its popularity in Japan. The single sold over 950,000 copies within one week. It sold over 1,862,000 copies according to Oricon. The song won "the best five single award" at the 10th Japan Gold Disc Award.

In 2011, the song was certified digitally by the RIAJ as a gold single for being downloaded more than 100,000 times to cellphones since its release as a digital download in early 2005.

B'z became also the first artist to have at least one single charted in the yearly top 10 for five consecutives years. This record was broken by Mr. Children in 2008 (6 years).

Japan Gold Disc Award
The Japan Gold Disc Award (日本ゴールドディスク大賞, Nihon Gōrudo Disuku Taishō) is an award presented by the Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ) in the field of music. The Japan Gold Disc Awards have multiple Grand Prix categories, including: Artist of the Year, Album of the Year, Song of the Year (download and streaming), single of the year, and more.

The awards are determined based on sales of CDs, music videos, paid music distribution, etc., over a year. The grand prize is "Artist of the Year," awarded to the artist with the highest total net sales during the period.
The first award ceremony was held at the Akasaka Prince Hotel in March 1987.
Slipstream (2007 film)
Slipstream is a 2007 American film starring, written, scored, and directed by Anthony Hopkins, which explores the premise of a screenwriter who is caught in a slipstream of time, memories, fantasy and reality. The film co-stars and was produced by Hopkins' wife Stella Arroyave, who also plays his wife. The film premiered at the 2007 Sundance Film Festival. Hopkins composed the music for the film, while British composer Harry Gregson-Williams scored and produced it.

Harry Gregson-Williams
Harry Gregson-Williams (born 13 December 1961) is an English composer, conductor, orchestrator, and record producer. He has composed music for video games, television and films including the Metal Gear series, Phone Booth, The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe and Prince Caspian, X-Men Origins: Wolverine, Team America: World Police, Antz, The Tigger Movie, Chicken Run and its sequel, the Shrek franchise, Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas, Flushed Away, Arthur Christmas, Early Man, Catch-22, and several films from Scott Free Productions. He is also the older brother of fellow composer Rupert Gregson-Williams.

Gregson-Williams collaborated with several film directors such as Ridley Scott, Tony Scott, Andrew Adamson, Ben Affleck, Joel Schumacher, Antoine Fuqua, Niki Caro, Nick Park, and Peter Lord.
Fineness
The fineness of a precious metal object (coin, bar, jewelry, etc.) represents the weight of fine metal therein, in proportion to the total weight which includes alloying base metals and any impurities. Alloy metals are added to increase hardness and durability of coins and jewelry, alter colors, decrease the cost per weight, or avoid the cost of high-purity refinement. For example, copper is added to the precious metal silver to make a more durable alloy for use in coins, housewares and jewelry. Coin silver, which was used for making silver coins in the past, contains 90% silver and 10% copper, by mass. Sterling silver contains 92.5% silver and 7.5% of other metals, usually copper, by mass.

Various ways of expressing fineness have been used and two remain in common use: millesimal fineness expressed in units of parts per 1,000 and karats or carats used only for gold. Karats measure the parts per 24, so that 18 karat = 18⁄24 = 75% gold and 24 karat gold is considered 100% gold.

Hardness
In materials science, hardness (antonym: softness) is a measure of the resistance to localized plastic deformation, such as an indentation (over an area) or a scratch (linear), induced mechanically either by pressing or abrasion. In general, different materials differ in their hardness; for example hard metals such as titanium and beryllium are harder than soft metals such as sodium and metallic tin, or wood and common plastics. Macroscopic hardness is generally characterized by strong intermolecular bonds, but the behavior of solid materials under force is complex; therefore, hardness can be measured in different ways, such as scratch hardness, indentation hardness, and rebound hardness. Hardness is dependent on ductility, elastic stiffness, plasticity, strain, strength, toughness, viscoelasticity, and viscosity. Common examples of hard matter are ceramics, concrete, certain metals, and superhard materials, which can be contrasted with soft matter.
Valery Slauk
Valery Petrovich Slauk (Belarusian: Валерый Пятровіч Слаук / Славук; born 1947) is a Belarusian graphic artist, book illustrator, and professor at the Belarusian Academy of Arts. His works are exhibited in the National Art Museum of Belarus and in several museums abroad.

Belarusian State Academy of Arts
The Belarusian State Academy of Arts (Belarusian: Беларуская дзяржаўная акадэмія мастацтваў; Russian: Белорусская государственная академия искусств) is a state-owned institution of higher education in Minsk, Belarus. The Belarusian State Academy of Arts has status as a leading institution of the national system of art and cultural education alongside the Belarusian State Academy of Music and the Belarusian State University of Culture and Arts.

It was established in 1945 as the Belarus Theatrical institute. Art faculty was established in 1953, and renamed into the "Belarusian State Academy of Arts" in 2001.
McSharry
McSharry is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andy "The Bull" McSharry, Irish sheep farmer

Carmel McSharry (1926–2018), Irish actor

Dave McSharry (born 1990), Irish rugby union player

Mona McSharry (born 2000), Irish swimmer

Carmel McSharry
Carmel Evelyn McSharry (18 August 1926 – 4 March 2018) was an Irish character actress, best known for her roles as Beryl Humphries in Beryl's Lot (1973–77), and as Mrs. Hollingbery in In Sickness and in Health.
Yifat Bitton
Yifat Bitton (Hebrew: יפעת ביטון) is an Israeli law professor, and activist. She is the president of the Achva Academic College of education & science. She is the founder of Tmura—The Israeli Anti-discrimination Center, which advocates for the rights of women who have suffered abuse. She was shortlisted for Israel's Supreme Court twice. In February 2019, Bitton entered politics, and joined Ehud Barak in the formation of a new political party.

Achva Academic College
Achva Academic College is a public academic institution located within the jurisdiction of Beer Tuvia Regional Council.

Achva Academic College offers accredited undergraduate and graduate programs in various fields such as science, education, social sciences, and humanities. With 3,200 students, 500 lecturers, and 20 fields of study including special education, mathematics teaching, psychology, and more, the college also provides diploma studies, continuing education, and preparatory programs. Emphasizing a multicultural approach, it serves surrounding areas, welcoming diverse student groups, including those with special needs and disabilities.
Cultural report
In the New Zealand judicial system a cultural report is a document supplied to the court in order to establish a cultural context for a defendant's actions and to aide in their rehabilitation. In New Zealand law, they are allowed under section 27 of the Sentencing Act 2002, and so are also called S27 reports. Although cultural reports are not required, they have become increasingly common since 2019, and are frequently submitted by defendants in order to receive lighter sentencing.

Defendant
In court proceedings, a defendant is a person or object who is the party either accused of committing a crime in criminal prosecution or against whom some type of civil relief is being sought in a civil case.

Terminology varies from one jurisdiction to another. In Scots law, the terms "accused" or "panel" are used instead in criminal proceedings and "defender" in civil proceedings. Another term in use is "respondent".
NV Ingenieurskantoor voor Scheepsbouw
NV Ingenieurskantoor voor Scheepsbouw (Dutch: engineer-office for shipbuilding), usually contracted to IvS or Inkavos, was a Dutch dummy company set up in The Hague and funded by the Reichsmarine after World War I in order to maintain and develop German submarine know-how and to circumvent the limitations set by the Treaty of Versailles. The company designed several submarine types for paying countries, including the Soviet S-class submarine, as well as the prototypes for the German Type II submarines and Type VII submarines.

The company was a joint venture by the German shipyards AG Vulcan Stettin (located in Stettin and Hamburg), the Krupp-owned Germaniawerft in Kiel, and AG Weser in Bremen. Design work was carried out at the facilities of these companies in Germany.

AG Vulcan Stettin
Aktien-Gesellschaft Vulcan Stettin (short AG Vulcan Stettin) was a German shipbuilding and locomotive building company. Founded in 1851, it was located near the city of Stettin, today Polish Szczecin. Because of the limited facilities in Stettin, in 1907 an additional yard was built in Hamburg. The now named Vulcan-Werke Hamburg und Stettin Actiengesellschaft constructed some of the most famous civilian German ships and it played a significant role in both World Wars, building warships for the Kaiserliche Marine and the Kriegsmarine later.

Both yards became members of the Deschimag in the 1920s. The Stettin shipyard was closed in 1928, opened again in 1939. During World War II it exploited slave workers, and after the war, was taken over by the Polish government, while the Hamburg yard was sold to Howaldtswerke AG in 1930 and the Locomotive Department was sold to Borsig in Berlin.
Karl Vossler
Karl Vossler (6 September 1872 – 19 September 1949) was a German linguist and scholar, and a leading romance philologist. Vossler was known for his interest in Italian thought, and as a follower of Benedetto Croce. He declared his support of the German military by signing the Manifesto of the Ninety-Three in 1914. However, he opposed the Nazi government, and supported many Jewish intellectuals at that time.

In 1897 he received his doctorate from the University of Heidelberg, and in 1909 was named a professor of Romance studies at the University of Würzburg. From 1911 onward, he taught classes at the University of Munich.

University of Würzburg
The Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg (also referred to as the University of Würzburg, in German Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg) is a public research university in Würzburg, Germany. Founded in 1402, it is one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in Germany. The university initially had a brief run and was closed in 1415. It was reopened in 1582 on the initiative of Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn. Today, the university is named for Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn and Maximilian Joseph.

The University of Würzburg is part of the U15 group of research-intensive German universities. The university is also a member of the Coimbra Group. In the winter semester 2022/2023, 26,787 students were enrolled, of which 16,351 were women and 3,250 were first semester university students. The University is associated with 14 Nobel laureates.
Parsnip Peak Wilderness
Parsnip Peak Wilderness is a 43,693-acre (17,682 ha) wilderness in northeastern Lincoln County, Nevada. Its elevations range from 6,160 to 8,916 feet (1,878 to 2,718 m). It received wilderness status in 2004.

The area, which lies within the Wilson Creek Range, contains prehistoric sites, including the Mount Wilson Archaeological District. Its vegetation includes aspen groves, grasslands, mountain mahogany, and sagebrush, and it serves as a habitat for elk, mule deer, and raptors, including the northern goshawk.

Mule deer
The mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) is a deer indigenous to western North America; it is named for its ears, which are large like those of the mule. Two subspecies of mule deer are grouped into the black-tailed deer.

Mule deer are found only on the western Great Plains, in the Rocky Mountains, in the southwest United States, and on the west coast of North America. Their range is much smaller than the related white-tailed deer, which are found throughout most of North America east of the Rocky Mountains and in the valleys of the Rocky Mountains from Idaho and Wyoming northward. Mule deer have also been introduced to Argentina and Kauai, Hawaii.
IFrogz
iFrogz was a Utah-based manufacturer brand of Apple digital audio accessories, with an emphasis on phone cases. A subsidiary of Reminderband, Inc., iFrogz launched its line of iPod cases in March 2006 and has since produced a variety of other media accessories such as iPhone cases, iPad cases, headphones, earbuds, speakers, headphone adapters, carrying cases and bags as well as specialty accessories for kids.

The company sends products worldwide. They have offices in the United States, Singapore, Canada, and France, as well as a logistics and development center in Hong Kong. Apple, Wal-Mart, AT&T, Radio Shack, Staples, and Best Buy are among their large array of retail partners. iFrogz is also the producer of EarPollution, a line of headphones and other audio accessories.

In 2011, iFrogz was acquired by Salt Lake City-based Zagg, Inc.

Dual headphone adapter
A dual headphone adapter, also known as a "headphone splitter" or "audio jack splitter", is a device that allows two headphones to be connected through to one audio jack. They can be used to listen to audio through multiple audio input devices, such as headphones on devices such as an MP3 player, CD player, modern Computer with audio-out compatibility (such as a headphone socket) or boombox. Although earbuds, a type of headphone design, can be shared with a bud (with one "bud" in another's ear), a dual headphone adapter can be more practical. Dual headphone adapters can be purchased at various audio and electronic stores. Headphone adapters can be used by inserting a 3.5mm Audio jack plug into the headphone jack.
Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference
Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference is a reference book published by Pharmaceutical Press listing some 7,900 drugs and medicines used throughout the world, including details of over 300,000 proprietary preparations. It also includes almost 700 disease treatment reviews.

It was first published in 1883 under the title Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia. Martindale contains information on drugs in clinical use worldwide, as well as selected investigational and veterinary drugs, herbal and complementary medicines, pharmaceutical excipients, vitamins and nutritional agents, vaccines, radiopharmaceuticals, contrast media and diagnostic agents, medicinal gases, drugs of abuse and recreational drugs, toxic substances, disinfectants, and pesticides.

The 41st edition of Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference is the latest and final print edition. Future updates will now only be available online through MedicinesComplete.

Contrast agent
A contrast agent (or contrast medium) is a substance used to increase the contrast of structures or fluids within the body in medical imaging. Contrast agents absorb or alter external electromagnetism or ultrasound, which is different from radiopharmaceuticals, which emit radiation themselves. In X-ray imaging, contrast agents enhance the radiodensity in a target tissue or structure. In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), contrast agents shorten (or in some instances increase) the relaxation times of nuclei within body tissues in order to alter the contrast in the image.

Contrast agents are commonly used to improve the visibility of blood vessels and the gastrointestinal tract.

The types of contrast agent are classified according to their intended imaging modalities.