hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HTree
An HTree is a specialized tree data structure for directory indexing, similar to a B-tree. They are constant depth of either one or two levels, have a high fanout factor, use a hash of the filename, and do not require balancing. The HTree algorithm is distinguished from standard B-tree methods by its treatment of hash collisions, which may overflow across multiple leaf and index blocks. HTree indexes are used in the ext3 and ext4 Linux filesystems, and were incorporated into the Linux kernel around 2.5.40. HTree indexing improved the scalability of Linux ext2 based filesystems from a practical limit of a few thousand files, into the range of tens of millions of files per directory.

Hash collision
In computer science, a hash collision or hash clash  is when two distinct pieces of data in a hash table share the same hash value. The hash value in this case is derived from a hash function which takes a data input and returns a fixed length of bits.

Although hash algorithms, especially cryptographic hash algorithms, have been created with the intent of being collision resistant, they can still sometimes map different data to the same hash (by virtue of the pigeonhole principle). Malicious users can take advantage of this to mimic, access, or alter data.

Due to the possible negative applications of hash collisions in data management and computer security (in particular, cryptographic hash functions), collision avoidance has become an important topic in computer security.
Anne Sheppard
Anne Sheppard is professor of ancient philosophy at Royal Holloway, University of London. She studied "Greats", (classics and philosophy), at St Anne's College, Oxford before completing her DPhil at Oxford on the literary theory of the Neoplatonist philosopher, Proclus. Sheppard's research interests relate to the interaction between philosophy and literature.

Literae humaniores
Literae humaniores, nicknamed Greats, is an undergraduate course focused on classics (ancient Rome, ancient Greece, Latin, ancient Greek, and philosophy) at the University of Oxford and some other universities. The Latin name means literally "more human literature" and was in contrast to the other main field of study when the university began, i.e. res divinae (or literae divinae, lit. div.), also known as theology. Lit. hum., is concerned with human learning, and lit. div. with learning treating of God. In its early days, it encompassed mathematics and natural sciences as well. It is an archetypal humanities course.
Guido Pizarro
Guido Hernán Pizarro Demestri (born 26 February 1990) is an Argentine former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder. He is the head coach of Tigres UANL.

Pizarro devoted the majority of his career to Tigres UANL, where he recorded more than 400 appearances and captured four league titles.

He is nicknamed "Conde" (Spanish for Count), and is a naturalized Mexican citizen.

2015–16 Liga MX season
The 2015–16 Liga MX season  (known as the Liga BBVA Bancomer MX for sponsorship reasons) was the 69th professional season of the top-flight football league in Mexico. The season was split into two championships—the Torneo Apertura and the Torneo Clausura—each in an identical format and each contested by the same eighteen teams.
Max Simon
Max Otto Simon (6 January 1899 – 1 February 1961) was a German SS commander and war criminal during World War II. Simon was one of the first members of the SS in the early 1930s. He rose through the ranks of the SS, and became a corps commander during World War II. After the war, Simon was convicted for his role in the Marzabotto massacre and the Sant'Anna di Stazzema massacre. Initially sentenced to death, his sentence was reduced to life imprisonment, and he was released in 1954. Despite being tried three more times in a West German court for war crimes, he was acquitted and died a free man in 1961.

Brigadeführer
Brigadeführer (German: [bʁiˈɡaːdəfyːʁɐ], lit. 'brigade leader') was a paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) that was used between 1932 and 1945.  It was mainly known for its use as an SS rank. As an SA rank, it was used after briefly being known as Untergruppenführer in late 1929 and 1930.
Catequentinib
Catequentinib (INN; formerly anlotinib) is a pharmaceutical drug for the treatment of cancer.  It is approved in China for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients who have undergone progression or recurrence after at least two lines of systemic chemotherapy. It is also approved in China as a second‑line treatment for advanced soft-tissue sarcoma.

Catequentinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets several different proteins including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFR), and c-kit.

Adverse effects include hypertension, fatigue, thyroid-stimulating hormone elevation, and hand-foot syndrome, among others.

VEGF receptor
VEGF receptors (VEGFRs) are receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). There are three main subtypes of VEGFR, numbered 1, 2 and 3. Depending on alternative splicing, they may be membrane-bound (mbVEGFR) or soluble (sVEGFR).

Inhibitors of VEGFR are used in the treatment of cancer.
Popučke
Popučke is a village in the municipality of Valjevo, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 2607 people.

Popučke village - church

Popučke village - church (entrance)

Popučke village - mill

Popučke village - panorama

Popučke village - panorama

Popučke village - panorama

Municipalities and cities of Serbia
The municipalities and cities (Serbian: општине и градови / opštine i gradovi) are the first-level administrative division and the basic level of local government of Serbia. The country is divided into 145 municipalities and 29 cities.

Municipalities and cities form 29 administrative districts, except the City of Belgrade which is not part of any district.
Amaziah and Cornelia (Wait) Cannon House
The Amaziah and Cornelia (Wait) Cannon House, also known as Crab Apple Grove, is a historic building located in Mason City, Iowa, United States. New York natives Amaziah and Cornelia Cannon settled here from Wisconsin in 1866 with their three children.  They built this 1½-story stone house the same year in a grove of crab apple trees.  It is one of three stone houses built during the settlement era remaining in Mason City.  It was occupied by the Cannons and their descendants until 1963, when the present house on the farmstead was built immediately to the east.  This house is currently unoccupied and in a deteriorating condition.  It has been used as a workshop intermittently.  At the time of its construction it was 3 miles (4.8 km) northwest of town, but the farmstead was incorporated into the city limits in the 1970s. The immediate area has remained rural, however.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Mason City, Iowa
Mason City is a city in and the county seat of Cerro Gordo County, Iowa, United States. The population was 27,338 in the 2020 census. Mason City is known for its musical and masonry heritage, as well as being home to a significant collection of Prairie School style architecture. The city forms a regional commercial, industrial, and cultural hub for north-central Iowa with nearby Clear Lake.

The Mason City Micropolitan Statistical Area that includes all of Cerro Gordo and Worth counties is located at the transportation junction between Interstate 35 and the Avenue of the Saints. Local public education is provided by North Iowa Area Community College and Mason City Community School District. The Winnebago River traverses the community to the southeast.
1899 Ashfield colonial by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Ashfield on 26 September 1899 because Bernhard Wise (Protectionist) had been appointed Attorney General. Until 1904, members appointed to a ministerial position were required to face a by-election. These were generally uncontested. Of the nine ministers appointed with the formation of Lyne ministry, Ashfield and Hume (William Lyne) were the only electorates in which the by-election was contested.

Bernhard Wise
Bernhard Ringrose Wise KC (10 February 1858 – 19 September 1916), commonly referred to as B. R. Wise, was an Australian politician. He was a social reformer, seen by some as a traitor to his class, but who was not fully accepted by the labour movement. He said, "My failure in Sydney has been so complete—my qualities those which Australia does not recognise, my defects those which Australians dislike most." When he died, William Holman said, "There is hardly anything in our public life which we have to consider to-day that cannot be traced back to his brilliant mind and clear foresight … [Wise] held undisputed supremacy as the foremost debater, foremost thinker and foremost public man in the life of New South Wales".
WASP-45
WASP-45 is a K-type main-sequence star about 701 light-years (215 parsecs) away. The star's age cannot be well constrained, but it is probably older than the Sun. Yet WASP-45 is enriched in heavy elements compared to the Sun, having 240% of the solar abundance.
WASP-45 has low ultraviolet emission, therefore it is suspected to have a low starspot activity, although chromospheric activity was reported elsewhere.

There is a companion star at a separation of 4.4 arcseconds, corresponding to 929 AU.  The companion is estimated to have a mass of 0.157 M☉ and a temperature of 3,154 K.  Although it shares a similar distance and common proper motion with the primary star, its relative space velocity appears to be high enough that the pair are not gravitationally bound.

Starspot
Starspots are stellar phenomena, so-named by analogy with sunspots.  Spots as small as sunspots have not been detected on other stars, as they would cause undetectably small fluctuations in brightness. The commonly observed starspots are in general much larger than those on the Sun: up to about 30% of the stellar surface may be covered, corresponding to starspots 100 times larger than those on the Sun.
Capsella × gracilis
Capsella × gracilis is a sterile plant that were generated from a hybridization between C. bursa-pastoris and C. rubella. It is native to France, Switzerland, Italy, European Turkey, Algeria, and Morocco.

East Thrace
East Thrace or Eastern Thrace, also known as Turkish Thrace or European Turkey, is the part of Turkey that is geographically in Southeast Europe. Turkish Thrace accounts for 3.03% of Turkey's land area and 15% of its population. The largest city is Istanbul, which straddles the Bosporus between Europe and Asia. East Thrace is of historic importance as it is next to a major sea trade corridor and constitutes what remains of the once-vast Ottoman region of Rumelia. It is currently also of specific geostrategic importance because the sea corridor, which includes two narrow straits, provides access to the Mediterranean Sea from the Black Sea for the navies of five countries: Russia, Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria, and Georgia. The region also serves as a future connector of existing Turkish, Bulgarian, and Greek high-speed rail networks.
Due to the guest worker agreement with Turkey and Germany, some Turks in Germany originally come from Eastern Thrace, mostly from the Kırklareli Province.
Berkshire Royal Horse Artillery
The Berkshire Royal Horse Artillery was a Territorial Force Royal Horse Artillery battery that was formed in Berkshire in 1908.  It saw active service during the First World War in the Middle East, notably at Aden and in particular in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign, from 1915 to 1918.  A second line battery, 2/1st Berkshire RHA, served on the Western Front in 1917 and 1918 as part of an Army Field Artillery Brigade.  After the Armistice, it was reconstituted as a Royal Field Artillery battery of the Territorial Army (TA), later being expanded into a full heavy anti-aircraft (HAA) regiment that served during the Second World War in the Battle of Britain and Blitz, in the assault landings in North Africa (Operation Torch), Sicily (Operation Husky) and Italy (Operation Avalanche). Postwar, it continued in the TA until 1968.

Royal Horse Artillery
The Royal Horse Artillery (RHA) was formed in 1793 as a distinct arm of the Royal Regiment of Artillery (commonly termed Royal Artillery) to provide horse artillery support to the cavalry units of the British Army. Although the cavalry link remained part of its defining character, as early as the Battle of Waterloo the RHA was sometimes deployed more along the lines of conventional field artillery, fighting from comparatively fixed positions.

The Royal Horse Artillery, currently consists of three regiments, (1 RHA, 3 RHA and 7 RHA) and one ceremonial unit (King's Troop, Royal Horse Artillery). Almost all the batteries of the Royal Horse Artillery have served continuously since the French Revolutionary Wars or Napoleonic Wars, except the King's Troop, created in 1946, and M Battery, which was 'reanimated' in 1993. Horses are still in service for ceremonial purposes but were phased out from operational deployment in the 1930s.
14th Brigade (Japan)
The 14th Brigade (Japanese: 第14旅団) is one of eight active brigades of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. The brigade is subordinated to the Central Army and is headquartered in Zentsūji, Kagawa. Its responsibility is the defense of Shikoku.

The brigade was formed on 27 March 2006 with units from the disbanded 2nd Combined Brigade.

Shikoku
Shikoku (四国, Shikoku; pronounced [ɕi̥ꜜ.ko.kɯ, ɕi̥.koꜜ.kɯ] ⓘ, lit. 'four provinces') is the smallest of the four main islands of Japan. It is 225 kilometres (140 miles) long and between 50 and 150 kilometres (30 and 95 miles) wide. It has a population of 3.8 million, the least populated of Japan's four main islands. It is south of Honshu and northeast of Kyushu. Shikoku's ancient names include Iyo-no-futana-shima (伊予之二名島), Iyo-shima (伊予島), and Futana-shima (二名島), and its current name refers to the four former provinces that make up the island: Awa, Tosa, Sanuki, and Iyo.
Yey!
Yey! (stylized as YeY!) is a Philippine children's programming block created by ABS-CBN Corporation, and was one of the freemium channels of ABS-CBN TV Plus. Yey! was the second animation channel of ABS-CBN, after Hero TV. The channel aired Filipino-dubbed Japanese anime series and foreign cartoon shows, along with imported programming from ABS-CBN's former main channel and Hero TV.

Cardcaptor Sakura: Clear Card
Cardcaptor Sakura: Clear Card (Japanese: カードキャプターさくら クリアカード編, Hepburn: Kādokyaputā Sakura Kuria Kādo-hen; lit. "Cardcaptor Sakura Clear Card Saga") is a Japanese shōjo manga series written and illustrated by the manga group Clamp. It is a sequel to Clamp's manga Cardcaptor Sakura and focuses on Sakura Kinomoto in junior high school. The manga was serialized in Kodansha's Nakayoshi magazine between the July 2016 and January 2024 issues, with the chapters collected in 16 tankōbon volumes. A 22-episode anime television series adaptation produced by Madhouse, featuring the cast and staff from the original series, aired from January to June 2018, which loosely adapts the first 24 chapters.
Tara Moore
Tara Shanice Moore (born 6 August 1992) is an inactive Hong Kong-born British tennis player. She achieved career-high rankings by the WTA of 145 in singles and No. 77 in doubles. In her career, she won nine singles titles and 18 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

As a junior, she was coached by the American tennis coach, Nick Bollettieri. In September 2006, he referred to Moore as one of the best young players in his school, the Bollettieri Tennis Academy, along with Michelle Larcher de Brito. Her coach was Charles Homewood. Her favourite surface is stated as being grass although most of her titles to date have come on hardcourt.

Moore is currently serving a four-year competition ban set to end in December 2027 for an anti-doping rule violation relating to a failed test in 2022.

Michelle Larcher de Brito
Micaela Carolina Larcher de Brito (born 29 January 1993), known by the anglicized name Michelle Larcher de Brito,  is a Portuguese former professional tennis player. She is the former Portuguese No. 1. Larcher de Brito won four singles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit in her career. On 6 July 2009, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 76.

Upon entering the 2009 French Open, Larcher de Brito became the second Portuguese female player ever to appear in the main draw of a Grand Slam tournament (after Deborah Fiuza in the 1975 Australian Open). She reached the third round, which remains her best ever result at a major (repeated at the 2013 and 2014 Wimbledon Championships). Playing for the Portugal Fed Cup team, she has a win–loss record of 25–23.

Larcher de Brito is now a real estate agent.
Etruscan Press
Etruscan Press is a literary press associated with Wilkes University (Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania) in partnership with Youngstown State University (Youngstown, Ohio). The press, which was founded in 2001 by Philip Brady and Robert Mooney, specializes in publishing poetry, fiction, and creative nonfiction. The press is a member of the Community of Literary Magazines and Presses (CLMP).

Wilkes University
Wilkes University is a private university in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. It has over 2,200 undergraduates and over 2,200 graduate students (both full and part-time). Wilkes was founded in 1933 as a satellite campus of Bucknell University, and became an independent institution in 1947, naming itself Wilkes College, after English radical politician John Wilkes after whom Wilkes-Barre is named. The school was granted university status in January 1990. It is classified among "Doctoral/Professional Universities" (D/PU) and accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

The university's mascot is a colonel and the official colors are blue and yellow. The campus symbol is a letter "W" known as the "flying W" by students and alumni.
Justine Dupont
Justine Dupont (born 27 August 1991) is a French professional surfer and champion in several disciplines. She holds the record for the 2nd largest measured wave ever surfed by a woman, at 70.5 ft (21.5 m), in February, 2020, at Nazaré, Portugal. She is a 12 times World Champion of the XXL Awards, three times World Champion of Tow Surfing, four times World Champion 2nd place, and 2019 Stand Up Paddle World Champion. Her performance in tow-in surfing ranks her with some of the best male surfers in the discipline. In 2025 she placed second among men in the Nazaré Big Waves Challenge.

Tow-in surfing
Tow-in surfing is a surfing technique which uses artificial assistance to allow the surfer to catch faster-moving waves than was traditionally possible when paddling by hand. Tow-in surfing was invented by surfers who wanted to catch big waves and break the 30 ft (9 m) barrier. It has been one of the biggest breakthroughs in surfing history.
Ragale
Ragale (Kannada: ರಗಳೆ Ragaḷe) is a type of meter in  Kannada prosody  that is used in Kannada poetry. 
This meter can usually have as many padas of syllables divided into two groups of various fixed number of matra in each line. It is the most prevalent meter of the Old Kannada poets Harihara and Raghavanka.

Lalita Ragale, Mandānila Ragale, Utsāha Ragale are variations we see in the use of Ragale meter.

Kannada poetry
Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) is the language spoken in Karnataka (ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ, ಕರುನಾಡು). Karnataka has eight Jnanapeeth (ಜ್ಞಾನ ಪೀಠ ಪುರಸ್ಕೃತ) award winners, the highest honor bestowed for Indian literature. From the period of Adikavi Pampa(ಆದಿಕವಿ ಪಂಪ) who proclaimed his wish to be reborn as a little bee in the land of Kannada, Kannada poetry has come a long way to Kuvempu (ಕುವೆಂಪು) and Dattatreya Ramachandra Bendre (ದರಾ ಬೇಂದ್ರೆ)
Strindheim
Strindheim is a neighbourhood in the city of Trondheim in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the borough of Østbyen in Trondheim Municipality. It is the site of Strindheim Church, Strindheim School, the confectionery factory Nidar and the home area of Strindheim IL (Strindheim Idrettslag).

Strindheim IL
Strindheim Idrettslag is a Norwegian multisports club located in Trondheim. It has sections for athletics, handball, football, speed skating, and cross-country skiing. The cross-country ski team has several world cup competitors (see separate article for Petter Northug). The football team currently plays in the 3. divisjon after being promoted from 4. divisjon in 2018.
Aristolochene synthase
The enzyme aristolochene synthase (EC 4.2.3.9) catalyzes the chemical reaction

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on phosphates.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is (2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing, aristolochene-forming). Other names in common use include sesquiterpene cyclase, trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate aristolochene-lyase, trans,trans-farnesyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing and aristolochene-forming).  This enzyme participates in terpenoid biosynthesis.

This protein may use the morpheein model of allosteric regulation.

Lyase
In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. The reverse reaction is also possible (called a Michael reaction). For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase:

ATP → cAMP + PPi

Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they require only one substrate for the reaction in one direction, but two substrates for the reverse reaction.
Grković
Grković (Serbian Cyrillic: Грковић) is a Serbian patronymic surname, derived from the nickname Grk translated to  "Greek". Notable people with the surname include:

Branko Grković (1920–1982), Bosnian-Herzegovinian composer, pianist, music educator, and writer

Jovan Grković-Gapon (1879-1912), former Serbian Orthodox monk turned guerrilla fighter

Trajko Grković (1919-1943), Yugoslav partisan

Jelena Grkovic

Radovan Grković (1913—1974), Yugoslav partisan

Jelena Grkovic
Jelena Grkovic (Serbian Cyrillic: Јелене Грковић, Serbian: Jelena Grković; born 30 August 1997) is a Hungarian-Serbian ice hockey player and member of the Hungarian national ice hockey team, currently playing in the Liga Nacional de Hockey Hielo Femenino (LNHHF) with S.A.D. Majadahonda.

Grkovic represented Hungary at the 2021 IIHF Women's World Championship.
Bob Barnard (musician)
Robert Graeme Barnard AM (24 November 1933 – 7 May 2022) was an Australian trumpet and cornet player. He was nominated at the ARIA Music Awards of 1996 for Best Jazz Album for Live at the Sydney Opera House, which was recorded with the Australian Jazz Allstars.

In the 1990 Australia Day Honours Barnard was made a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for "service to music, particularly jazz."

ARIA Award for Best Jazz Album
The ARIA Music Award for Best Jazz Album is an award presented within the Fine Arts Awards at the annual ARIA Music Awards.

The award for Best Jazz Album was first presented in 1987, when George Golla Orchestra, received a trophy for their album, Lush Life (1987). Paul Grabowsky has won the award seven times in various guises (leader of the Paul Grabowsky Trio, Paul Grabowsky Sextet, duet with Vince Jones, duet with Katie Noonan, duet with Kate Ceberano and as a member of Wizards Of Oz).