hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
LDT
LDT may stand for:

Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, a nucleus in the brain stem

Laboratory developed test,  in vitro diagnostics

Labordatentransfer, a German xDT format to transfer laboratory tests

Large deviations theory, field of probability theory

Learning Design and Technology, an academic program

Lexical decision task in psychology experiments

Lightning Data Transport, later HyperTransport computer bus

Local Descriptor Table, an x86 data structure

Telbivudine or LdT, a drug for hepatitis B

Computer file extension for EULUMDAT

Large deviations theory
In probability theory, the theory of large deviations concerns the asymptotic behaviour of remote tails of sequences of probability distributions. While some basic ideas of the theory can be traced to Laplace, the formalization started with insurance mathematics, namely ruin theory with Cramér and Lundberg. A unified formalization of large deviation theory was developed in 1966, in a paper by Varadhan. Large deviations theory formalizes the heuristic ideas of concentration of measures and widely generalizes the notion of convergence of probability measures.

Roughly speaking, large deviations theory concerns itself with the exponential decline of the probability measures of certain kinds of extreme or tail events.
Al Abtal Gate
Al-Abtal Gate (Arabic: بوابة الأبطال, lit. 'Gate of the Heroes'), or Riyadh al-Gharbia Gate (Arabic: بوابة الرياض الغربية, lit. 'Western Gate of Riyadh'), is a pair of symmetrical memorial monuments situated on the either side of Highway 40 (Makkah al-Mukarramah Road) at the Qiddiya civilian checkpoint in southwestern Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, officially partitioned between King Abdullah City for Atomic and Renewable Energy from the north and Nemar suburb from the south. Constructed from 2001 to 2013 and modelled mainly after the Al-Masmak Palace, it commemorates the Battle of Riyadh of 1902 and is a local visitor attraction besides being a stopover for travellers passing through the city’s western exit.

Security checkpoint
Civilian checkpoints or security checkpoints are distinguishable from border or frontier checkpoints in that they are erected and enforced within contiguous areas under military or paramilitary control. Civilian checkpoints have been employed within conflict-ridden areas all over the world to monitor and control the movement of people and materials in order to prevent violence. They have also been used by police during peacetime to help counter terrorism.
The Velvet Underground (film)
The Velvet Underground is a 2021 American documentary film directed and produced by Todd Haynes that chronicles the life and times of the rock band the Velvet Underground.

The film had its world premiere at the Cannes Film Festival on July 7, 2021. It was released theatrically and on Apple TV+ on October 15, 2021, to critical acclaim.

Doug Yule
Douglas Alan Yule (born February 25, 1947) is an American musician and singer, most notable for being a member of the Velvet Underground from 1968 to 1973, serving as the bassist, guitarist, keyboardist and vocalist.
Minister for Government Services
The Minister for Government Services is the minister in the Government of Australia responsible for Services Australia. The current minister is Senator Katy Gallagher, who has held the position since 20 January 2025 following a cabinet reshuffle prompted by the retirement of the previous minister, Bill Shorten.

The portfolio was given its current title in machinery of government changes ordered by then-Prime Minister Scott Morrison following the 2019 federal election.

Machinery of government
The machinery of government (sometimes abbreviated as MoG) is the interconnected structures and processes of government, such as the functions and accountability of departments in the executive branch of government.  The term is used particularly in the context of changes to established systems of public administration where different elements of machinery are created.

The phrase 'machinery of government' was thought to have been first used by author John Stuart Mill in Considerations on Representative Government (1861).  It was notably used to a public audience by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt in a radio broadcast in 1934, commenting on the role of the National Recovery Administration (NRA) in delivering the New Deal.  A number of national governments, including those of Australia, Canada, South Africa, and the United Kingdom, have adopted the term in official usage.
Coregonus ussuriensis
The Amur whitefish (Coregonus ussuriensis) is a species of freshwater whitefish. It can withstand significant salinity levels. It reaches a maximum size of 60 cm (24 in), with a maximum weight of 2 kg (4.4 lb). Its life expectancy is 10 to 11 years. The Amur whitefish is usually eaten salted or smoked.

Freshwater whitefish
The freshwater whitefish are fishes  of the subfamily Coregoninae, which contains whitefishes (both freshwater and anadromous) and ciscoes, and is one of three subfamilies in the salmon family Salmonidae. Apart from the subfamily Coregoninae, the family Salmonidae includes the salmon, trout, and char species of the subfamily Salmoninae, and grayling species of the subfamily Thymallinae. Freshwater whitefish are distributed mainly in relatively cool waters throughout the northern parts of the Northern Hemisphere.
Public Ministry of Peru Building
The Building of the Ministry of Finance and Commerce (Spanish: Edificio del Ministerio de Hacienda y Comercio) is one of the largest buildings located in Abancay Avenue in the historic centre of Lima. Surrounded by Santa Rosa, Cuzco and Ayacucho (formerly Urubamba) streets, it serves as the headquarters of the Public Ministry of Peru.

Jirón Cuzco
Jirón Cuzco is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches Jirón Huánuco in Barrios Altos.
Plemyria rubiginata
Plemyria rubiginata, the blue-bordered carpet, is a moth of the family Geometridae found in Europe and across the Palearctic. The moth was first described by the Austrian lepidopterists Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775.

Lepidopterology
Lepidopterology (from Ancient Greek  λεπίδος (lepídos) 'scale'  πτερόν (pterón) 'wing' and  -λογία (-logia)) is a branch of entomology concerning the scientific study of moths and the two superfamilies of butterflies. Someone who studies in this field is a lepidopterist or, archaically, an aurelian.
Charlie McConkey
Charlie McConkey (born 1955) is an American politician who is a former Democratic member of the Iowa House of Representatives from the 15th district.  McConkey was first elected in 2014 to replace retiring Republican Representative Mark Brandenburg.

McConkey endorsed former Maryland governor Martin O'Malley for the Democratic nomination in the 2016 presidential election.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
Lauritz Sand
Lauritz Sand (1 October 1879 – 17 December 1956) was a Norwegian topographer, military officer in the Dutch army, estate owner in the Dutch East Indies, business man and resistance pioneer of World War II. He was called the hardest tortured person in Norway during the war, and came to be an important symbol of the resistance against the Nazi regime.

German occupation of Norway
The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany during the Second World War began on 9 April 1940 after Operation Weserübung. Conventional armed resistance to the German invasion ended on 10 June 1940, and Nazi Germany controlled Norway until the capitulation of German forces in Europe on 8 May 1945. Throughout this period, a pro-German government named Den nasjonale regjering ('the National Government') ruled Norway, while the Norwegian king Haakon VII and the prewar government escaped to London, where they formed a government in exile. Civil rule was effectively assumed by the Reichskommissariat Norwegen (Reich Commissariat of Norway), which acted in collaboration with the pro-German puppet government. This period of military occupation is, in Norway, referred to as the "war years", "occupation period" or simply "the war".
Ivanovka, Gostomlyansky Selsoviet, Medvensky District, Kursk Oblast
Ivanovka (Russian: Ивановка) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Gostomlyansky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Medvensky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  13 (2010 Census); 44 (2002 Census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
FBXW7 neurodevelopmental syndrome
FBXW7 neurodevelopmental syndrome is a newly discovered genetic disorder which is characterized by gastrointestinal, brain, and muscle anomalies accompanied by intellectual disabilities and developmental delays.

Middle age
Middle age  (or middle adulthood) is the age range of the years halfway between young adulthood and old age. The exact range is subject to public debate, but the term is commonly used to denote the age range from 45 to 60 years.
The Coming Out Show
The Coming Out Show was a radio program about women's issues broadcast by Australian Broadcasting Corporation.

The program was first broadcast on ABC Radio 2 (now Radio National) in 1975, the United Nations designated International Women's Year, and ran for 23 years (until c.1998). It was launched as Coming Out Ready Or Not, produced by the Australian Women's Broadcasting Cooperative.

The 1995 book The Coming Out Show: Twenty years of feminist ABC Radio, edited by Liz Fell and Carolin Wenzel, tells the story of the program.

Elizabeth Fell
Elizabeth Dyneley Fell, known as Liz Fell, (7 March 1940 – 13 August 2020) was an Australian activist, journalist, academic, feminist and public intellectual, who was a founding member of the prison activist organisations Prisoners Action Group and Women Behind Bars. She was awarded the George Munster Award for Freelance Journalism in 1986 for her radio features on ABC Radio National about government and corporate activity in media and telecommunications.
Gamshurst
Gamshurst is a German neighborhood (Stadtteil) of the major district town (Große Kreisstadt) of Achern in the German state of Baden-Württemberg.  First documented on February 21, 902, Gamshurst was originally the site of a Catholic monastery.  The village of Gamshurst is originally mentioned in a Papal bull in 1216.  From the 13th to the mid-20th century, Gamshurst was predominantly an agricultural village.

Quarter (urban subdivision)
A quarter is a section of an urban settlement. A quarter can be administratively defined and its borders officially designated, and it may have its own administrative structure (subordinate to that of the city, town or other urban area). Such a division is particularly common in countries like Bulgaria (Bulgarian: квартал, romanized: kvartal), Croatia (četvrt), France (Quartier), Georgia (კვარტალი, k'vart'ali),  Italy (Quartiere), Romania (Cartier), and Serbia (четврт / četvrt). It may be denoted as a borough (in English-speaking countries), Portugal/Brazil (bairro), Spain (barrio); or some other term (e.g. Cambodia (សង្កាត់ sangkat), Germany (Stadtteil), and Poland (dzielnica)).

Quarter can also refer to a non-administrative but distinct neighbourhood with its own character: for example, a slum quarter. It is often used for a district connected with a particular group of people: for instance, some cities are said to have Jewish quarters, diplomatic quarters or Bohemian quarters.
Best Destiny
Best Destiny is pop singer Miliyah Kato's fourth album, and first greatest hits collection. She described Best Destiny as the "Sampling Best [of·Miliyah Kato as a R&B musician]". It was released on November 5, 2008, and debuted on at number 1 on the Oricon weekly chart. The album sold 92,423 copies that week, becoming her first number 1 album on the charts. Best Destiny is certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of Japan. One single was taken from the album, "Sayonara Baby/Koi Shiteru" six weeks before the album's release. The second A-side "Koi Shiteru" (恋シテル, I'm in Love) was only featured.

Recording Industry Association of Japan
The Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ) (日本レコード協会, Nihon Rekōdo Kyōkai) is an industry trade group composed of Japanese corporations involved in the music industry. It was founded in 1942 as the Japan Phonogram Record Cultural Association, and adopted its current name in 1969.

The RIAJ's activities include promotion of music sales, enforcement of copyright law, and research related to the Japanese music industry. It publishes the annual RIAJ Year Book, a statistical summary of each year's music sales, as well as distributing a variety of other data.

Headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, the RIAJ has twenty member companies and a smaller number of associate and supporting members; some member companies are the Japanese branches of multinational corporations headquartered elsewhere.

The association is responsible for certifying gold and platinum albums and singles in Japan.
Defense National Stockpile Center
The Defense National Stockpile Center (DNSC) is a division of the United States Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) responsible for the acquisition, storage, management, and disposition of strategic and critical materials held in the National Defense Stockpile (NDS). Headquartered at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, the DNSC operates storage depots across the United States and manages a reserve of raw materials deemed vital for military, economic, and industrial readiness. The stockpile is designed to ensure the United States has access to essential resources during national emergencies or supply chain disruptions. The DNSC is based in Fort Belvoir and has operations throughout the United States. Materials they offer for sale include: aluminum oxide, beryllium, chromium, cobalt, diamonds, ferrochromium, ferromanganese, iodine, iridium, mica, niobium, platinum group metals, talc, tantalum, thorium, tin, tungsten and zinc.

Tantalum
Tantalum is a chemical element; it has symbol Ta and atomic number 73. It is named after Tantalus, a figure in Greek mythology. Tantalum is a very hard, ductile, lustrous, blue-gray transition metal that is highly corrosion-resistant. It is part of the refractory metals group, which are widely used as components of strong high-melting-point alloys. It is a group 5 element, along with vanadium and niobium, and it always occurs in geologic sources together with the chemically similar niobium, mainly in the mineral groups tantalite, columbite, and coltan.

The chemical inertness and very high melting point of tantalum make it valuable for laboratory and industrial equipment such as reaction vessels and vacuum furnaces. It is used in tantalum capacitors for electronic equipment such as computers. It is being investigated for use as a material for high-quality superconducting resonators in quantum processors.
Moose Valley Provincial Park
Moose Valley Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located in the South Cariboo region 31 km west of 100 Mile House.

Comprising approximately 2,322 ha, it is located to the north of Gustafsen Lake.

Provincial park
A provincial park (or territorial park) is a park administered by one of the provinces of a country, as opposed to a national park. They are similar to state parks in other countries. They are typically open to the public for recreation. Their environment may be more or less strictly protected.
Hayley Edwards
Hayley Edwards was formerly the Deputy Mayor for the City of Rockingham and was an independent candidate during the 2023 Rockingham state by-election.

Edwards was the deputy mayor of the City of Rockingham. She was first elected as a councillor in 2019 and was elected deputy mayor by fellow councillors in 2021. She announced that she would not recontest her position during the 2023 Western Australia local government elections.

In 2023, Edwards, who had been a member of the WA Labor Party until April of that year, resigned from the party and announced her candidacy as an independent for the safe Labor seat of Rockingham. The WA Labor Party moved to preselect the political staffer Magenta Marshall to the seat, who was selected unopposed in the internal party process.

The West Australian
The West Australian is the only locally edited daily newspaper published in Perth, Western Australia. It is owned by Southern Cross Media Group, as is the state's other major newspaper, The Sunday Times. It is the second-oldest continuously produced newspaper in Australia, having been published since 1833. It tends to have conservative leanings, and has mostly supported the Liberal–National Party Coalition. It has Australia's largest share of market penetration (84% of WA) of any newspaper in the country.
John R. Steel
John Robert Steel (born October 30, 1948) is an American set theorist at the University of California, Berkeley (formerly at UCLA).  He has made many contributions to the theory of inner models and determinacy.  With Donald A. Martin, he proved projective determinacy, assuming the existence of sufficiently large cardinals.  He earned his Ph.D. in Logic & the Methodology of Science at Berkeley in 1977 under the joint supervision of John West Addison Jr. and Stephen G. Simpson.

Projective determinacy
In mathematical logic, projective determinacy is the special case of the axiom of determinacy applying only to projective sets.

The axiom of projective determinacy, abbreviated PD, states that for any two-player infinite game of perfect information of length ω in which the players play natural numbers, if the victory set (for either player, since the projective sets are closed under complementation) is projective, then one player or the other has a winning strategy.

The axiom is not a theorem of ZFC (assuming ZFC is consistent), but unlike the full axiom of determinacy (AD), which contradicts the axiom of choice, it is not known to be inconsistent with ZFC. PD follows from certain large cardinal axioms, such as the existence of infinitely many Woodin cardinals.
Chronic Bachelor
Chronic Bachelor is a 2003 Indian Malayalam-language romantic comedy film, written and directed by Siddique. The film stars Mammootty in the titular role as Sathyaprathapan, a wealthy misogynist businessman. Mukesh, Rambha, Indraja, Bhavana, Innocent, Lalu Alex and Biju Menon plays supporting roles. Jyothika was signed as the lead actress but later was replaced by  Rambha. The movie was produced by Fazil. The film was a commercial success. It was later remade in Tamil as Engal Anna starring Vijayakanth and in Telugu as Kushi Kushiga with Jagapati Babu.

Siddique (director)
Siddique Ismail (25 March 1955  – 8 August 2023) was an Indian film director, producer, screenwriter and actor who predominantly worked in Malayalam cinema. He made his directorial debut with the Malayalam film Ramji Rao Speaking (1989). His screenwriting debut came with the Malayalam film Pappan Priyappetta Pappan (1986). His final film was Big Brother (2020).
Transhumanist Bill of Rights
The Transhumanist Bill of Rights is a crowdsourced document that conveys rights and laws to humans and all sapient entities while specifically targeting future scenarios of humanity. The original version was created by transhumanist US presidential candidate Zoltan Istvan and was posted by Zoltan on the wall of the United States Capitol building on December 14, 2015.

Zoltan Istvan
Zoltan Istvan Gyurko (born March 30, 1973) is an American transhumanist,, former National Geographic journalist, and international speaker. Istvan is the author of The Transhumanist Wager, a philosophical science fiction novel.

Istvan ran for his Transhumanist Party in the 2016 United States presidential election to raise awareness for transhumanist politics issues but did not place his name on any state ballot. In 2017, Istvan ran for Governor of California in the 2018 election as a member of the Libertarian Party. In 2019, Istvan ran for the Republican Party's nomination in the 2020 United States presidential election against President Donald Trump. In April 2025, Istvan announced he was running for Governor of California as a Democrat in the 2026 state election.
Novellara
Novellara (Reggiano: Nualêra or Nuvalêra) is a town and comune (municipality) in the province of Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy, with a population of 13,670. It is located 18 kilometres (11 miles) north of Reggio Emilia and has a railway station for the local train line going from Reggio to Guastalla.

Province of Reggio Emilia
The province of Reggio Emilia (Italian: provincia di Reggio nell'Emilia; Emilian: pruvînsa ed Rèz) is a province in the region of Emilia-Romagna in Italy. The capital city is the eponymous Reggio Emilia.

It has a population of 530,740 in an area of around 2,292 square kilometres (885 mi2) across its 42 municipalities.

The province is home to the historical Canossa Castle, property of the countess Matilde; it is where the Walk to Canossa of Henry IV occurred. Representatives of the free municipalities of Reggio, Modena, Bologna and Ferrara met in Reggio Emilia's Sala del Tricolore in 1797 to proclaim the Repubblica Cispadana, adopting the three colour green-white-red flag to represent their newly formed Republic; it was later adopted in 1848 as the national flag.
Anagrus incarnatus
Anagrus incarnatus is a species of fairyfly. It is an egg parasitoid of Cicadella viridis, several genera and species of Delphacidae (Hemiptera), and also Orthotylus virescens. It's native to the Palearctic.

Cicadella viridis
Cicadella viridis, sometimes called the "green leafhopper" (but not to be confused with Nephotettix a genus that includes rice pests), is a species of European leafhoppers belonging to the subfamily Cicadellinae.
Barbara Schock-Werner
Barbara Schock-Werner (born 23 July 1947, Ludwigsburg) is a German architect, and was until her retirement end of August 2012 the master builder at Cologne Cathedral with overall responsibility for conservation and restoration work. With the official title of Dombaumeisterin (cathedral master builder), she was the first and only woman to hold the position in the cathedral's 800 years history.

Ludwigsburg
Ludwigsburg (German pronunciation: [ˈluːtvɪçsˌbʊʁk] ⓘ) is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) north of Stuttgart city centre, near the river Neckar. It is the largest and primary city of the Ludwigsburg district with about 94,000 inhabitants. It is situated within the Stuttgart Region, and the district is part of the administrative region (Regierungsbezirk) of Stuttgart.