hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
International Business School Groningen
The International Business School Groningen is the business school of the Hanze University Groningen in Groningen, Netherlands.

The International Business and Management Studies (IBMS) Programme of the Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, founded in 1988, is one of the oldest International Business Schools in the Netherlands. Approximately 60% of IBMS' students come from outside the Netherlands and over 40 nationalities are represented. Classes are taught in English or German by a multinational group of staff members with diverse international backgrounds.

International Business and Management Studies graduates obtain an internationally recognized Bachelor of Business Administration degree.

Business school
A business school is a higher education institution or professional school that teaches courses leading to degrees in business administration or management.

A business school may also be referred to as school of business, school of management, management school, school of business administration, college of business, business college, or colloquially b-school or biz school.
Solar eclipse of October 24, 2060
An annular solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Sunday, October 24, 2060, with a magnitude of 0.9277. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 18 hours before apogee (on October 25, 2060, at 1:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be smaller.

The path of annularity will be visible from parts of southern Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Côte d'Ivoire, the Annobón Natural Reserve, Angola, northeastern Namibia, Botswana, and South Africa. A partial solar eclipse will also be visible for parts of eastern Brazil, Africa, and Antarctica.

Magnitude of eclipse
The magnitude of eclipse is the fraction of the angular diameter of a celestial body being eclipsed. This applies to all celestial eclipses. The magnitude of a partial or annular solar eclipse is always between 0.0 and 1.0, while the magnitude of a total solar eclipse is always greater than or equal to 1.0, and has a theoretically maximum value of around 1.12.

This measure is strictly a ratio of diameters and should not be confused with the covered fraction of the apparent area (disk) of the eclipsed body. Neither should it be confused with the astronomical magnitude scale of apparent brightness.
Xavier Bosch i Sancho
Xavier Bosch i Sancho (born 21 July 1967) is a Catalan-Spanish writer and journalist.

He was the creator, together with Antoni Bassas of the humorous program Alguna pregunta més? at Catalunya Ràdio, for which he received an Ondas award. Specializing in sports journalism, he worked at La Vanguardia, TV3, RAC 1 and was director of the newspaper Avui from 2007 to 2008. In 2010 he has been one of the initiator of a new daily newspaper in Catalan language, Diari Ara. Regarding his career as a novelist, he has written a trilogy starred by journalist Dani Santana, which first book Se sabrà tot received a Sant Jordi Award in 2009. Second and third novels were Homes d'honor (2012) and Eufòria. His novel Algú com tu (Someone like you) (2015), is winner of the 2015 Ramon Llull Award. On his last novel La dona de la seva vida he writes about child abduction.

Premios Ondas
The Premios Ondas  (Spanish: literally "wave awards", also known in English as the Ondas Awards or simply The Ondas) have been given since 1954 by Radio Barcelona, a subsidiary of Cadena SER, in recognition of professionals in the fields of radio and television broadcasting, the cinema, and the music industry.

Past winners have included  R.E.M., U2, The Corrs, Eric Clapton, the Red Hot Chili Peppers, Cher, Gloria Estefan, Miguel Bosé, Luz Casal, Phil Collins, Joaquín Sabina, Mecano, Ketama, Coldplay, Ricky Martin,  Mikael Bertelsen & Roger Moore.
Dovesville, South Carolina
Dovesville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Darlington County, South Carolina, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census. Per the 2020 census, the population was 827.

The CDP is in northeastern Darlington County, along U.S. Routes 52 and 401. The concurrent highway leads north 8 miles (13 km) to Society Hill and south the same distance to Darlington, the county seat.

The southwest border of the CDP follows Black Creek, a southeast-flowing tributary of the Great Pee Dee River, while the eastern border follows Horse Creek, a south-flowing tributary of Black Creek. Jeffords Millpond is an impoundment on Horse Creek in the northeast corner of the community.

Darlington, South Carolina
Darlington is a city located in Darlington County, South Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, Darlington had a population of 6,149. It is the county seat of Darlington County. It is part of the Florence, South Carolina metropolitan area.

Darlington is known for its Darlington Oak and Spanish moss. Darlington is home to the famous Darlington Raceway, which hosts the annual NASCAR Southern 500 race on Labor Day weekend as well as a 400-mile spring race. It is also the site of the National Motorsports Press Association (NMPA) Hall of Fame. Darlington is also a center for tobacco farming.

Darlington is located 10 miles (16 km) northwest of Florence and 76 miles (122 km) northeast of the state capital, Columbia.
Nicholas Codner
Nicholas Codner (born March 23, 2006) is a Canadian curler from Torbay, Newfoundland and Labrador. He currently plays mate for the Team Simon Perry rink. He is known as the youngest person to ever compete in The Brier, when he played as an alternate for Nathan Young at the 2022 Tim Hortons Brier. He was 15.

Torbay, Newfoundland and Labrador
Torbay is a town located on the eastern side of the Avalon Peninsula in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.

The town is located 12 km (7.5 mi) north of the capital city of St. John's and is part of the St. John's metropolitan area. Due to Torbay's close proximity to St. John's, the town's population is quickly growing. According to the 2021 census the population was 7,852, up from 7,397 in 2011.
Mark B. Salter
Mark B. Salter is a full professor of political science at the University of Ottawa in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. He is currently the editor-in-chief of Security Dialogue, an academic journal in the field of security studies.  Salter received a PhD in political science from the University of British Columbia in 1999, and held a professorship at The American University in Cairo before moving to the University of Ottawa.

Security studies
Security studies, also known as international security studies, is an academic sub-field within the wider discipline of international relations that studies organized violence, military conflict, national security, and international security.

While the field (much like its parent field of international relations) is often meant to educate students who aspire to professional careers in think tanks, consulting, defense contractors, human rights NGOs or in government service positions focused on diplomacy, foreign policy, conflict resolution and prevention, emergency and disaster management, intelligence, and defense, it can also be tailored to students seeking to professionally conduct academic research within academia, or as public intellectuals, pundits or journalists writing about security policy.
Dusky hopping mouse
The dusky hopping mouse (Notomys fuscus), is a small rodent endemic to Australia, inhabiting desert regions characterised by sand dunes. Populations have experienced significant declines since the arrival of Europeans, and continue to be subject to threatening processes. It is currently listed as a threatened species.

Ephemerality
Ephemerality (from Ancient Greek  ἐφήμερος (ephēmeros) 'lasting only a day') is the concept of things being transitory, existing only briefly. Academically, the term ephemeral constitutionally describes a diverse assortment of things and experiences, from digital media to types of ponds and streams. "There is no single definition of ephemerality". With respect to unique performances, for example, it has been noted that "[e]phemerality is a quality caused by the ebb and flow of the crowd's concentration on the performance and a reflection of the nostalgic character of specific performances". Because different people may value the passage of time differently, ephemerality may be a relative, perceptual concept: "In brief, what is short-lived may not be the object itself, but the attention we afford it".
Plymouth Cabana
The Plymouth Cabana was a 1958 concept car built by Plymouth. It was a station wagon that featured a panoramic glass roof over the rear portion of the car and rear facing 3rd row seats. The initial drawing that inspired the Cabana was done by Chrysler stylist John Samsen. The Cabana was reportedly built by Ghia in Italy, based on a 1958 Plymouth rolling chassis, but was never fitted with a drivetrain. It was reportedly never shown outside of the Chrysler design studio and was later scrapped.

Carrozzeria Ghia
Carrozzeria Ghia SpA (established 1916 in Turin) is an Italian automobile design and coachbuilding firm, established by Giacinto Ghia and Gariglio as "Carrozzeria Ghia & Gariglio". The headquarters are located at Corso Guglielmo Marconi, 4, Turin. The company is currently owned by Ford Motor Company and focused on the European market through Ford's subsidiary in the region.

Through the years, Ghia has produced many bodies for several automobile manufacturers such as Alfa Romeo, Chrysler, Ferrari, Fiat, Ford, Jaguar, and Volkswagen.
Equichordal point problem
In Euclidean plane geometry, the equichordal point problem is the question whether a closed planar convex body can have two equichordal points. The problem was originally posed in 1916 by Fujiwara and in 1917 by Wilhelm Blaschke, Hermann Rothe, and Roland Weitzenböck. A generalization of this problem statement was answered in the negative in 1997 by Marek R. Rychlik.

Euclidean plane
In mathematics, a Euclidean plane is a Euclidean space of dimension two, denoted  or . It is a geometric space in which two real numbers are required to determine the position of each point. It is an affine space, which includes in particular the concept of parallel lines. It has also metrical properties induced by a distance, which allows to define circles, and angle measurement.

A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian coordinate system is called a Cartesian plane.
The set  of the ordered pairs of real numbers (the real coordinate plane), equipped with the dot product, is often called the Euclidean plane or standard Euclidean plane, since every Euclidean plane is isomorphic to it.
FC Ahrotekhservis Sumy
FC Ahrotekhservis Sumy was the Ukrainian football club based in Sumy, Ukraine.

The club entered the competition of the Ukrainian SSR in the Soviet Second League in 1990. Soon after that the club became the member of the Ukrainian First League. Avtomobilist was not a successful team and soon in 1996 it lost its professional status. In 1994 the club changed its name to SBTS. For a single season in 1994–95 the team was simply named as FC Sumy. Before its relegation and losing its professional license in 1996 the name was changed to Ahrotekhservis.

Sumy
Sumy (Ukrainian: Суми, IPA: [ˈsumɪ] ⓘ, Russian: Сумы) is a city in northeastern Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Sumy Oblast. The city is situated on the banks of the Psel River and has a population of 256,474 (2022 estimate), making it the 23rd-largest in the country.

The city of Sumy was founded in the 1650s by Cossacks within the historical region of Sloboda Ukraine. The city experienced rapid development starting from the second half of the 19th century and became a centre of sugar, machine building, metalworking and textile industry, as well as an important trade fair location. Today Sumy is one of the chief industrial and cultural centres in Northern Ukraine.
Acanthephyra purpurea
Acanthephyra purpurea, sometimes called the fire-breathing shrimp, is a species of bioluminescent deep sea shrimp first described in 1881. The species is known for 'vomiting' bioluminescent fluid when distressed, although the fluid likely originates from the hepatopancreas and not the stomach.

A. purpurea expels large quantities of luminous fluid when distressed.  When it is discharged into the water, luciferin contained in the fluid reacts with oxygen to produce luciferase and light. It is believed that this fluid is intended to confuse or distract predators. A. purpurea is one of several species of deep sea shrimp that are known to expel bioluminescent fluid, including Heterocarpus ensifer, Systellaspis debilis, and Oplophorus gracilorostris.

The species is mostly gonochoric. It engages in courtship displays through olfactory and tactile cues, and usually employs indirect sperm transfer.

Hepatopancreas
The hepatopancreas, digestive gland or midgut gland is an organ of the digestive tract of arthropods and molluscs. It provides the functions which in mammals are provided separately by the liver and pancreas, including the production of digestive enzymes, and absorption of digested food.
Joomla
Joomla (/ˈdʒuːm.lɑː/), also styled Joomla! (with an exclamation mark) and sometimes abbreviated as J!, is a free and open-source content management system (CMS) for publishing web content on websites. Web content applications include discussion forums, photo galleries, e-Commerce and user communities, and numerous other web-based applications. Joomla is developed by a community of volunteers supported with the legal, organisational and financial resources of Open Source Matters, Inc.

Joomla is written in PHP, uses object-oriented programming techniques and simple software design patterns, and stores data in a Structured Query Language (MySQL/MariaDB) database. Joomla includes features such as page caching, RSS feeds, blogs, search, and support for language internationalisation. It is built on a model–view–controller web application framework that can be used independently of the CMS.

Among CMSes, Joomla ranks fifth or sixth in global market share.

Internationalization and localization
In computing, internationalization and localization (American) or internationalisation and localisation (Commonwealth), often abbreviated i18n and l10n respectively, are means of adapting to different languages, regional peculiarities and technical requirements of a target locale.

Internationalization is the process of designing a software application so that it can be adapted to various languages and regions without engineering changes. Localization is the process of adapting internationalized software for a specific region or language by translating text and adding locale-specific components.

Localization (which is potentially performed multiple times, for different locales) uses the infrastructure or flexibility provided by internationalization (which is ideally performed only once before localization, or as an integral part of ongoing development).
Juul Haalmeyer
Julius Anton Haalmeyer (May 17, 1949 – February 28, 2025) was a Dutch-Canadian costume designer, best known for doing costume design on several iterations of SCTV. Haalmeyer also worked as a costume designer for many movies, television shows, theatre productions, concerts wardrobes for various artists and specials like Bridge to Silence, All My Sons, Long Day's Journey into Night, Noddy, the Shining Time Station Family Specials, Mr. Conductor's Thomas Tales, Diamonds, Andrea Martin: Together Again, and Ghostwriter.

All My Sons
All My Sons is a three-act play written in 1946 by Arthur Miller. It opened on Broadway at the Coronet Theatre in New York City on January 29, 1947, closed on November 8, 1947, and ran for 328 performances. It was directed by Elia Kazan (to whom it is dedicated), produced by Kazan and Harold Clurman, and won the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award. It starred Ed Begley, Beth Merrill, Arthur Kennedy, and Karl Malden and won both the Tony Award for Best Author and the Tony Award for Best Direction of a Play. The play was adapted for films in 1948 and 1987.
Chapelle, Glâne
Chapelle (French pronunciation: [ʃapɛl] ⓘ; Arpitan: Chapèla, locally Tsapala [tsaˈpala] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

Since 2005, Chapelle (Broye) in the same canton is part of the municipality of Cheiry.

On 1 January 2025, the former municipalities of Auboranges, Chapelle and Écublens merged into the municipality of Rue.

Canton of Fribourg
The canton of Fribourg, also canton of Freiburg, is located in western Switzerland. The canton is bilingual, with French spoken by more than two thirds of the citizens and German by a little more than a quarter. Both are official languages in the canton. The canton takes its name from its capital city of Fribourg.
Jani Forsström
Jani Forsström (born February 19, 1986) is a Finnish professional ice hockey defenceman who currently plays for TPS of the Liiga.

Forsström previously played in Liiga for Pelicans and HPK. He also played in Serie A for HC Alleghe.

Alleghe Hockey
Alleghe Hockey is a professional ice hockey team in Alleghe, Italy. The team plays in the country's second-tier Italian Hockey League and plays at Stadio Alvise De Toni in Alleghe.

The team was the surprise winner of the 1992-93 Alpenliga.

Current coach of the Vegas Golden Knights NHL team Bruce Cassidy was an important player for Alleghe Hockey, also a member of the roster in the 1992-93 Alpenliga win.

They were also formerly coached by former NHL player Steve McKenna.
2014 U.S. Open Cup qualification
The 2014 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup tournament proper features teams from all five tiers of men's soccer of the American Soccer Pyramid.

The 2014 tournament added another round to include the largest field of teams (80) in tournament history. All American-based teams from the top three tiers, Major League Soccer, the North American Soccer League, and USL Pro earned berths into the fourth, third, and second rounds of the tournament, respectively.

For the fourth and fifth tiers of the pyramid, a series of qualification and state tournaments are held to determine the berths into the tournament. These teams will complete the 80-team field in the U.S. Open Cup.

United States soccer league system
The United States soccer league system is a series of professional and amateur soccer leagues based, in whole or in part, in the United States. Although sometimes called the American soccer pyramid, teams and leagues are not linked by a system of promotion and relegation as is common in other countries. Instead, the United States Soccer Federation (USSF or U.S. Soccer) defines professional leagues in three levels, called divisions, with all other leagues sanctioned by the USSF not having an official designated level or division.

For practical and historical reasons, some teams from Bermuda, Canada, and Puerto Rico (considered a separate country by FIFA) can also compete in these leagues. However, these teams are not eligible for the U.S. Open Cup and cannot represent the United States in the CONCACAF Champions Cup because they are not affiliated with U.S. Soccer.
Danijel Cerović
Danijel Cerović (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Данијел Церовић), born in 1979 in Nikšić, is a Montenegrin classical guitarist. He lectures in guitar and chamber music at the Music Academy in Cetinje, University of Montenegro and he is a guest lecturer at the Sarajevo Music Academy.

Cetinje
Cetinje (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Цетиње, pronounced [t͡sětiɲe]) is a town in Montenegro. It is the former royal capital (Montenegrin: prijestonica / приjестоница) of Montenegro and is the location of several national institutions, including the official residence of the president of Montenegro.

According to the 2023 census, the town had a population of 12,460 while the Cetinje Municipality had 14,465 residents. Cetinje is the centre of Cetinje Municipality. The city rests on a small karst plain surrounded by limestone mountains, including Mount Lovćen, the legendary mountain in Montenegrin historiography. Cetinje was founded in the 15th century and became a cradle of the culture of Montenegro. Its status as the honorary capital of Montenegro is due to its heritage as a long-serving former capital of Montenegro.
Heinz Ewald
Heinz "Esau" Ewald (1 September 1922 – 14 March 2002) was a Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. Ewald was credited with 84 victories in 395 combat missions.

German Cross
The War Order of the German Cross (German: Der Kriegsorden Deutsches Kreuz), normally abbreviated to the German Cross or Deutsches Kreuz, was instituted by Adolf Hitler on 28 September 1941. It was awarded in two divisions: in gold for repeated acts of bravery or military leadership; and in silver for distinguished non-combat war service. The German Cross in Gold ranked higher than the Iron Cross First Class but below the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, while the German Cross in Silver ranked higher than the War Merit Cross First Class with Swords but below the Knight's Cross of the War Merit Cross with Swords.
2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois
The 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois were held on November 5, 2024, to elect the 17 U.S. representatives from the State of Illinois, one from each of the state's 17 congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2024 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The primary elections were held on March 19, 2024.

Joint Action Committee for Political Affairs
Joint Action Committee for Political Affairs (JAC) is a national political action committee that contributes to candidates for the United States Congress who support strengthening the U.S.-Israel relationship and combatting antisemitism, as well as prioritize liberal domestic policies such as protecting reproductive rights, promoting gun reform, and upholding the separation of church and state.

Unlike most other pro-Israel PACs, JAC concerns itself not only with supporting the US-Israel relationship, but also with confronting other domestic issues it deems of importance to the Jewish community.

JACPAC funds its support for Congressional campaigns through annual memberships and through the bundling of member donations to candidates. Although JACPAC describes itself as bipartisan, the vast majority of its support goes to members of the Democratic Party.