hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Symmetric mean absolute percentage error
The symmetric mean absolute percentage error (SMAPE or sMAPE) is an accuracy measure based on percentage (or relative) errors. It is usually defined as follows:

where  are the actual values and  are the forecasted values. Note that if , then term  is undefined (), and is usually ignored in the summation.

Explaining this equation in words, the absolute difference between At and Ft is divided by half the sum of absolute values of the actual value At and the forecast value Ft. The value of this calculation is summed for every fitted point t and divided again by the number of fitted points n.

Absolute difference
The absolute difference of two real numbers  and  is given by , the absolute value of their difference. It describes the distance on the real line between the points corresponding to  and , and is a special case of the Lp distance for all . Its applications in statistics include the absolute deviation from a central tendency.
Caldecote
Caldecote is a common place name and means "cold cottage".

In the United Kingdom:

Caldecote, Buckinghamshire (City of Milton Keynes)

Caldecote, Huntingdonshire, Cambridgeshire

Caldecote, South Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire

Caldecote, Hertfordshire

Caldecote, Norfolk, formerly in Swaffham Rural District

Caldecote, Northamptonshire

Caldecote, Warwickshire

Chalk Farm, London, originally known as Caldecote or Chaldecote

Swaffham Rural District
Swaffham Rural District was a rural district in Norfolk, England from 1894 to 1974.

It was formed under the Local Government Act 1894 based on the Swaffham rural sanitary district.  It almost completely encircled Swaffham Urban District.

In 1935 it took in a small part of Downham Rural District to complete the encirclement of urban Swaffham. It also took in the central section of the disbanded Thetford Rural District.

In 1974, the district was abolished under the Local Government Act 1972, and became part of the Breckland district.
Horst Arndt
Horst Arndt (19 September 1934 – 18 October 2014) was a West German rower who competed for the United Team of Germany in the 1956 Summer Olympics.

Arndt was born in Königsberg in 1934, which was then part of Prussia and is now located in Russia and known as Kaliningrad. He was a lifelong member of the RG Wiesbaden-Biebrich 1888, a rowing club in Wiesbaden. At the 1956 European Rowing Championships in Bled, Yugoslavia, he won a gold medal in the coxed pair with fellow rower Karl-Heinrich von Groddeck and Rainer Borkowsky as cox. The same team went to the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia, where they won the silver medal in this boat class. At the 1957 European Rowing Championships in Duisburg, Germany, they again won a gold medal.

Arndt died in 2014 in Taunusstein, Germany.

1957 European Rowing Championships
The 1957 European Rowing Championships were rowing championships held on the Wedau Regatta Course in the city of Duisburg which, at the time, was located in West Germany. Men competed in all seven Olympic boat classes (M1x, M2x, M2-, M2+, M4-, M4+, M8+), and women entered in five boat classes (W1x, W2x, W4x+, W4+, W8+). Many of the men competed two months later at the Olympic Games in Melbourne; women would first be allowed to compete at Olympic level in 1976. Women competed from 23 to 25 August. Men competed the following week.
Knut Beckeman
Knut Wilhelm Malcolm Beckeman (13 October 1851 – 1943) was a Swedish architect.

Beckeman was born in Halmstad, Sweden. He was a student at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg between 1868 and 1972. He then studied architecture at Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen between 1978 and 1881. He started working for several architect firms in Stockholm, Uppsala and Gothenburg. He became city architect in Uppsala between 1884 and 1890.

Chalmers University of Technology
Chalmers University of Technology (Swedish: Chalmers tekniska högskola, commonly referred to as Chalmers) is a private research university located in Gothenburg, Sweden. Chalmers focuses on engineering and science, but more broadly it also conducts research and offers education in shipping, architecture and management. The university has approximately 3,100 employees and 10,000 students.

Chalmers coordinates the development of a Swedish quantum computer
and
the Graphene Flagship, a European Union research initiative to develop commercial technologies with graphene.

The university is a co-founder of the CDIO Initiative, a member of the UNITECH International program, the IDEA League, the Nordic Five Tech, 
and the ENHANCE alliances as well as the EURECOM consortium and the CESAER network.
Shri Aday Durgay Temple
Shri Aday Durgay Temple is located near village Rameshwar in Devgad taluka of Sindhudurg District, Maharashtra, India. This temple is dedicated to two Hindu goddesses Aday and Durgay.  It is a historic temple that was built even before the 15th century, dedicated to the Clan Goddess or Kuladevata of the Pujare.

Kuladevata
A kuladevata (Sanskrit: कुलदेवता, romanized: Kuladevatā, lit. 'clan deity'), also known as a kuladaivaṃ (Malayalam: കുലദൈവം, Telugu: కులదైవంcode: tel promoted to code: te ), is an ancestral tutelary deity in Hinduism and Jainism.

Such a deity is often the object of one's devotion (bhakti), and is coaxed to watch over one's clan (kula), gotra, family, and children from misfortune. This is distinct from an ishta-devata (personal tutelar) and a grāmadevatā (village deities).

A male deity is called a kuladeva and female deity kuladevi (sometimes spelled kuldev and kuldevi respectively).
Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores
The Institute of the National Housing Fund for Workers (Spanish: Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores; INFONAVIT) is the Mexican federal institute for worker's housing, founded in 1972, and located at Barranca del Muerto 280, in Mexico City.

It is the largest mortgage lender in Latin America and the fourth worldwide, with over 12 million mortgages on its books and a new one added every 53 seconds. The reform and expansion of Infonavit led to a transformation of the housing production system in Mexico, whereby more houses are now built by developers and purchased with a mortgage than through a self-build process, and it enabled the growth of several national homebuilding firms such as Casas GEO, Homex and Consorcio Ara.

Infonavit receives 5% of all formal workers salaries and provides a series of housing-related mortgage products. These include a mortgage to buy a new or existing home, a mortgage to remodel a home or a mortgage to build a new home.

Consorcio ARA
Consorcio ARA is a Mexico-based construction company specialized in the construction, maintenance and commercialization of low-income, affordable entry-level, middle-income and residential buildings. In addition, ARA is engaged in real estate developments, such as shopping centers and golf courses.

The company also operates 20 concrete production plants for its own use.

Headquartered in Mexico City, ARA operated offices in New York and Chicago in the United States.  The US offices were closed as of September 2010.
Erzurum Airport
Erzurum Airport (IATA: ERZ, ICAO: LTCE) is a military and public airport serving the city of Erzurum in eastern Turkey. Inaugurated in 1966, it is located 11 km from the city. The airport's public passenger terminal covers an area of 5,750 m2 and has an open-air parking lot for 200 cars.

Erzurum
Erzurum (Armenian: Կարին, romanized: Karin; Kurdish: Erzîrom) is a city in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. It is the largest city and capital of Erzurum Province and is 1,900 meters (6,233 feet) above sea level. Erzurum had a population of 367,250 in 2010. It is the site of ancient Theodosiopolis.

The city uses the double-headed eagle as its coat-of-arms, a motif that has been a common symbol throughout Anatolia since the Bronze Age.

Erzurum has winter sports facilities, hosted the 2011 Winter Universiade, and the 2023 Winter Deaflympics (in March 2024).
Manu (TV series)
Manu is a French animated series, based on comic books by cartoonist Frank Margerin. It premiered in 1991 and was about a teenager 'Manu' and situations in his own life, with the rest of his family and his friend Robert. It used to air in the United Kingdom (Dubbed into English) on the now defunct Children's Channel between 1992 and the channel's closure in 1998.

It was produced by the French animation studio "Jingle", and the French and defunct network La Cinq.

Animation studio
An animation studio is a company producing animated media. The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce, own the physical equipment for production, employ operators for that equipment, and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced. They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created or held by the company, much like authors holding copyrights. In some early cases, they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity. Overall, they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms.
Arnaldo Pereira (futsal player)
Arnaldo Augusto Rodrigues Pereira (born 16 June 1979) is a Portuguese futsal player who plays for Rio Ave after a short stint at GD Viso as a winger. Arnaldo is the most capped player in the history of the Portugal national futsal team with 208 appearances.

Portugal national futsal team
The Portugal national futsal team represents Portugal in international men's futsal competitions and is controlled by the Portuguese Football Federation. They are the reigning FIFA Futsal World Cup champions, the current and back-to-back winners of the UEFA Futsal Championship, and the first team to win the Futsal Finalissima.

Portugal has won the 2021 FIFA Futsal World Cup, the European Championship in 2018 and 2022 and the 2022 Futsal Finalissima. They are one of only four teams to win the World Cup as well as one of four to be crowned European champions and the winners of the first ever Futsal Finalissima. Portugal are, together with Spain, the only team from UEFA to be world champions and the only team, also alongside Spain, to successfully defend their European title. They are the only team to win the World Cup title as reigning European champions.
Dragotinci, Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici
Dragotinci (pronounced [dɾaɡɔˈtiːntsi]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional Styria region. It is now included in the Mura Statistical Region.

The small village chapel was built in 1900 and redecorated in 1989 with an unusual iconography which apart from the conventional sacral images depicts the sun, the moon and even a piglet.

Municipality of Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici
The Municipality of Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici (pronounced [ˈsʋeːti ˈjuːɾii̯ ɔp ˈʃtʃaːu̯nitsi]; Slovene: Občina Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici) is a municipality in the traditional region of Styria in northeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici. Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici became a municipality in 1994.
Folgore da San Gimignano
Folgore da San Gimignano [folˈɡoːre da (s)san dʒimiɲˈɲaːno], pseudonym of Giacomo di Michele or Jacopo di Michele (c. 1270 – c. 1332), was an Italian poet.

He represented mostly hunting scenes, jousts of the citadine bourgeoisie of Tuscany. 32 sonnets are attributed to him, written around 1308–1316. The most famous ones are the corone dedicated to the days of the week and the months. The language is Tuscan, the poetic form a derivation of the Provençal then ruling in Italian poetry. Others had an anti-Ghibelline satirical tone.

His corone were later satirized by Cenne della Chitarra.

Little more is known about his life: he is cited in a document in 1295 and other sources date his death to 1332.

Lorenzo Ferrero
Lorenzo Ferrero (Italian pronunciation: [loˈrɛntso ferˈrɛːro]; born 1951) is an Italian composer, librettist, author, and book editor. He started composing at an early age and has written over a hundred compositions thus far, including twelve operas, three ballets, and numerous orchestral, chamber music, solo instrumental, and vocal works. His musical idiom is characterized by eclecticism, stylistic versatility, and a neo-tonal language.
Repair and deduct
Repair and deduct is a principle of landlord–tenant law in the United States regarding a tenant's legal right to repair defects or damages that the landlord has neglected to repair, and then deduct the value of the repair (parts, labor, etc.) from the next rent payment. Within the United States, the availability to tenants of a right to repair and deduct, varies on a state-by-state basis. In the state of California, tenants may exercise the repair and deduct right up to two times in a single 12-month period.

Negligence
Negligence (Latin: negligentia) is a failure to exercise appropriate care expected to be exercised in similar circumstances.

Within the scope of tort law, negligence pertains to harm caused by the violation of a duty of care through a negligent act or failure to act. The concept of negligence is linked to the obligation of individuals to exercise reasonable care in their actions and to consider foreseeable harm that their conduct might cause to other people or property. The elements of a negligence claim include the duty to act or refrain from action, breach of that duty, actual and proximate cause of harm, and damages. Someone who suffers loss caused by another's negligence may be able to sue for damages to compensate for their harm. Such loss may include physical injury, harm to property, psychiatric illness, or economic loss.
Police Federation
In the United Kingdom, a Police Federation is a statutory association that represents police officers. As policing is devolved, there are separate federations for each part of the United Kingdom:

Police Federation of England and Wales

Police Federation for Northern Ireland

Scottish Police Federation

There is also a federation for the Ministry of Defence Police:

Defence Police Federation

Defence Police Federation
The Defence Police Federation (DPF) is the representative body of Ministry of Defence Police (MDP) officers, up to and including the rank of Chief Superintendent. There are around 2,000 members as of 2014. Membership is restricted by law to serving officers. MDP officers have their own federation because they are also part of the Civil Service and are accountable to the Secretary of State for Defence, and not the Home Secretary. Moreover, MDP officers have different terms and conditions of service to civilian police officers. Officers' pay is directly linked to national settlements made by the Home Office and the Police Federation of England and Wales. The DPF also administer the Defence Police Retired Officers Association. With an 'all armed' membership, the DPF maintains close ties with the Police Firearms Officers Association (PFOA); as of 1 October 2014 all DPF members, have automatic membership of the PFOA.
Thomas C. Browne
Thomas C. Browne (c. 1792 – November 4, 1862) was an American jurist and politician from Kentucky and Illinois.

Browne was born in Kentucky around 1792. He moved to Shawneetown, Illinois in 1812. He was elected to the Legislature of the Illinois Territory in 1814 as a representative of Gallatin County, and again in 1816 as a member of the Legislative Council. Browne was appointed to the Illinois Supreme Court in 1818, and re-appointed on January 19, 1825. In 1841 Browne was assigned to the 6th Judicial Circuit of the newly expanded Court. He was accused of incompetence in 1843, but was defended by Abraham Lincoln and the charges were dropped. Browne lost his seat in 1848, when a new Illinois Constitution reduced the justices from nine to three. He died on November 4, 1862, in San Francisco.

Constitution of Illinois
The Constitution of the State of Illinois is the governing document of the state of Illinois. There have been four Illinois Constitutions, with the fourth version adopted in 1970. That constitution is referred to as the "Constitution of Illinois of 1970" or less formally as the "1970 Constitution" even though there have been amendments to it after 1970. Important features of the 1970 Constitution include the creation of home rule powers for larger municipalities and other units of local government.
African oystercatcher
The African oystercatcher or African black oystercatcher (Haematopus moquini)  is a large charismatic wader resident to the mainland coasts and offshore islands of southern Africa. This oystercatcher has a population of over 6,000 adults, which breed between November and April. The scientific name moquini commemorates the French naturalist Alfred Moquin-Tandon who discovered and named this species before Bonaparte.

Charles Lucien Bonaparte
Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte, 2nd Prince of Canino and Musignano (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁl lysjɛ̃ ʒyl lɔʁɑ̃ bɔnapaʁt]; 24 May 1803 – 29 July 1857) was a French naturalist and ornithologist, and a nephew of Napoleon. Lucien and his wife had twelve children, including Cardinal Lucien Bonaparte.
Jono Macbeth
Jonathan "Jono" Macbeth (born 26 March 1973) is a former New Zealand professional yachtsman who has participated in 6 America's Cup campaigns and won 3.

Macbeth was born in Castor Bay, Auckland, New Zealand. He joined Team New Zealand in 1997 and remained with them for their 2003 and 2007 campaigns.

Macbeth joined the Sir Russell Coutts led American syndicate BMW Oracle Racing in 2008 and remained with them for their 2013 campaign.

Macbeth joined Sir Ben Ainslie's Land Rover BAR team in 2014 for their 2017 campaign.

Ben Ainslie
Sir Charles Benedict Ainslie (born 5 February 1977) is a British competitive sailor. Ainslie is the most successful sailor in Olympic history. He won medals at five consecutive Olympics from 1996 onwards, including gold at four consecutive Games from 2000 to 2012.

He is one of three men to win medals in five different Olympic Games in sailing, doing so after Torben Grael and Robert Scheidt, and the second to win four gold medals, after Paul Elvstrøm.

Ainslie is CEO of Athena Sports Group which includes the roles of team principal, CEO and skipper of Athena Racing and CEO of the Emirates Great Britain SailGP Team. He is also a Patron of the 1851 Trust, a British charity that supports young people in sailing and STEM education.
Antonio Rocha (mime)
Antônio Rocha is a mime and storyteller.

Originally from Brazil, in 1988 he moved to Maine after receiving a Partners of the Americas grant to study in the United States.  He has studied under the mime master Tony Montanaro, and has a theater degree from the University of Maine. He regularly performs at festivals and the National Storytelling Festival.

National Storytelling Festival
The National Storytelling Festival is held the first full weekend of October in Jonesborough, Tennessee at the International Storytelling Center. The National Storytelling Festival was founded by Jimmy Neil Smith, a high school journalism teacher, in 1973.  It has grown over the years to become a major festival both in the United States and internationally.
National Soccer League of New York
The National Soccer League of New York (also known as the National League of New York) was an amateur U.S. soccer league which served as a lower division for the de facto first division American Soccer League from the 1920s into the 1950s.  The league began to decline in the second half of the twentieth century and was displaced by the German American Soccer League (GASL) as the dominant New York amateur league.  In 1974, the NSL merged with the GASL.

Brooklyn Celtic
Brooklyn Celtic was a name used by at least two U.S. soccer teams. The first was an early twentieth century amateur team which was formed in August 1910 and dominated the New York Amateur Association Football League from 1912 to 1917.  The second was a member of the professional American Football League in the 1930s and early 1940s.  A third Celtic club from Brooklyn, St. Mary's Celtic replaced the second club in the ASL before the 1935/36 season.
Record of Agarest War Zero
Record of Agarest War Zero, known as Agarest Senki Zero (アガレスト戦記 ZERO, Agaresuto Senki Zero) in Japan and Agarest: Generations of War Zero in Europe, is a tactical role-playing game developed by Compile Heart and Red Entertainment. It was published in Japan by Idea Factory on June 25, 2009, for the PlayStation 3. It is the prequel to the 2007 game Record of Agarest War.

An enhanced port of Agarest Zero was released for the Xbox 360 titled Agarest Senki Zero: Dawn of War. The Xbox 360 version contained extra content not found in the PlayStation 3 version of the game, such as costumes, CGs and more.
HyperDevbox Japan released ports for Android and iOS.

Both versions feature an extra mode where you can return to the maps from the previous game, and unlock characters via the PlayStation Store or Xbox Live Marketplace.

Compile Heart
Compile Heart (株式会社コンパイルハート, Kabushiki gaisha Konpairu Hāto) is a Japanese video game developer founded on June 2, 2006 as a subsidiary of Idea Factory. The company was formerly managed by Compile's former executive Masamitsu "Moo" Niitani, most well known as the creator of the Madou Monogatari and Puyo Puyo series, before his retirement in December 2012. Compile Heart is primarily known for its Hyperdimension Neptunia and Record of Agarest War brands.
Salomonia (plant)
Salomonia is a genus of plants in the milkwort family, Polygalaceae. It includes five species native to the Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, southern China, Korea, Japan, Malesia, Micronesia, Papuasia, and Queensland. They are annual herbs with erect or ascending stems, aromatic roots, simple alternate leaves and axillary, terminal spike inflorescence.

Malesia
Malesia is a biogeographical region straddling the Equator and the boundaries of the Indomalayan and Australasian realms. It is a phytogeographical floristic region in the Paleotropical kingdom. It was first recognized as a distinct region in 1857 by Heinrich Zollinger, a Swiss botanist and explorer. The precise boundaries used to define Malesia vary. The broadly defined area used in Flora Malesiana consists of the countries of Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, the Philippines, Timor-Leste and Papua New Guinea. The original definition by the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) covered a similar area, but New Guinea and some offshore islands were split off as Papuasia in its 2001 version.
Rio Grande Valley Open
The Rio Grande Valley Open was a golf tournament on the PGA Tour that played in the Rio Grande Valley of south Texas in 1949 and 1950.

On February 27, 1949, Cary Middlecoff won the event. Jack Burke Jr. won on February 19 of the following year. It was Burke's first PGA Tour victory, which he calls his "best memory" in golf.

The 1948 event, which played as the Lower Rio Grande Open, was won by Lloyd Mangrum in an 18-hole playoff over Jimmy Demaret. Mangrum scored 65 to Demaret's 69 and received the $2,000 winners share out of a total of $10,000 in prize money.

The events were held at the Harlingen Municipal Golf Course in Harlingen, Texas, a 6,320-yard, par-71 course opened in 1929. Today the site of the tournament is known as the "eighteen" course at the Tony Butler Municipal Golf Course. On June 20, 1973, the City of Harlingen renamed the course in honor of Butler for his more than 40 years of service as head professional.

Jimmy Demaret
James Newton Demaret (May 24, 1910 – December 28, 1983) was an American professional golfer. He won 31 PGA Tour events in a long career between 1935 and 1957, and was the first three-time winner of the Masters, with titles in 1940, 1947, and 1950.