hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard Specht
Richard Specht (7 December 1870, Vienna – 18 March 1932) was an Austrian lyricist, dramatist, musicologist and writer.

Specht, who had studied music with Ignaz Brüll, Alexander von Zemlinsky, and Franz Schreker, is most well known for his writings on classical music, and in his time was seen as a leading music journalist.  He was a great authority on the music of Gustav Mahler, and in later life became a regular acquaintance of his widow, Alma Mahler-Werfel.

He was, amongst other things, a contributor to the Wiener Illustrierten Extrablatts and other Viennese newspapers, as well as a correspondent for the Berlin-based music magazine Die Musik.  In 1909, Specht founded the periodical Der Merker, for which he served as editor until July 1914 and again from May 1918 to October 1919 and collaborating with Richard Batka.  In 1925, he was appointed to a professorship at the institution that is now the University of Music and Performing Arts, Vienna.

Lyricist
A lyricist is a writer who writes lyrics (the spoken words), as opposed to a composer, who writes the song's music which may include (but is not limited to) the melody, harmony, arrangement and accompaniment.
1991 Rugby World Cup – Africa qualification
The 1991 Rugby World Cup – Africa qualification was a qualifying tournament for the 1991 Rugby World Cup  which was jointly hosted by England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales. The Confederation of African Rugby was allocated one place (Africa 1) and a tournament took place in Zimbabwe, which was won by the home team.

Rugby Africa
Rugby Africa is the administrative body for rugby union within the continent of Africa under the authority of World Rugby, which is the world governing body of rugby union. As of 2018, Rugby Africa has 37 member nations and runs several rugby tournaments for national teams, including the Africa Cup which is the main 15-a-side competition for African national teams.

Rugby Africa was founded in 1986 as the Confederation of African Rugby (CAR) to promote, develop, organise and administer the game of rugby in Africa. It was renamed Rugby Africa in December 2014.

The President of Rugby Africa is the Herbert Mensah from Ghana.
Rothenburg Station railway station
Rothenburg Station railway station (German: Bahnhof Rothenburg Station) is a railway station in the municipality of Rothenburg, in the Swiss canton of Lucerne. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Olten–Lucerne line of Swiss Federal Railways. Until the December 2022 timetable change, the station was named Rothenburg. It is located south-west of the village of Rothenburg.

Lucerne S-Bahn
The Lucerne S-Bahn (German: S-Bahn Luzern) is an S-Bahn-style commuter rail network focusing on Lucerne in Central Switzerland.

Opened on 12 December 2004, the network forms part of the Central Switzerland S-Bahn project (German: S-Bahn Zentralschweiz), which also includes the Zug Stadtbahn (German: Stadtbahn Zug).

The system connects to services of Aargau S-Bahn, Bern S-Bahn and Zurich S-Bahn. At larger stations, notably Arth-Goldau, Lucerne and Zug, its lines also connect to long-distance trains (RE, IR, IC, EC). It also connects to mountain railways, such as the Pilatus Railway or the Arth-Rigi railway. Lakeside stations are often close to landing sites served by the Lake Lucerne Navigation Company.
The Lonely Days Were Sundays
The Lonely Days Were Sundays: Reflections of a Jewish Southerner was a 1993 non-fiction book by Eli N. Evans, published by University Press of Mississippi.

It is the third book written by Evans.

Margaret Armbrester of the University of Alabama, Birmingham described the book as "Part autobiography, part history, primarily journalism". Melvin I. Urofsky of Virginia Commonwealth University stated that the autobiographical information is not explicitly stated as such, and is scattered around the various works.

University of Alabama at Birmingham
The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) is a public research university in Birmingham, Alabama, United States. Founded in 1969 and part of the University of Alabama System, UAB has grown to be the state's largest employer, with more than 27,302 faculty and staff and over 53,000 jobs at the university. The university is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".

UAB offers 140 programs of study in 12 academic divisions leading to bachelor's, master's, doctoral, and professional degrees. In the fall of 2024, UAB enrolled 20,905 students from more than 110 countries. The UAB Health System, one of the largest academic medical centers in the United States, is affiliated with UAB.

The UAB athletic teams known as the Blazers compete in 18 varsity-level sports in the NCAA Division I - American Athletic Conference. Its official varsity colors are green and gold. The Blazers have won 11 conference championships to date.
Zbigniew Zieliński
Zbigniew Zieliński (born 14 January 1965) is a Polish prelate of the Catholic Church who is metropolitan archbishop of Poznań since 2025. He was bishop of the Diocese of Koszalin-Kołobrzeg from 2023 to 2025, after serving as bishop coadjutor there for a year. He was auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Gdańsk from 2015 to 2022.

Diocese of Koszalin–Kołobrzeg
The Diocese of Koszalin-Kołobrzeg (Latin: Dioecesis Coslinensis-Colubregana) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction of diocese of the Catholic Church in northwestern Poland. The diocese is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Szczecin-Kamień. The Diocese of Koszalin-Kołobrzeg's cathedral is the Katedra Niepokalanego Poczęcia NMP, in Koszalin. There is also a co-cathedral, the minor basilica Bazylika Konkatedralna Wniebowzięcia NMP, in Kołobrzeg, both in Zachodniopomorskie.
Sayonara Wild Hearts
Sayonara Wild Hearts is a 2019 rhythm action video game developed by Simogo and published by Annapurna Interactive. Described as a "pop album video game", Sayonara Wild Hearts follows the story of a heartbroken young woman through a surrealistic landscape. Each level of the game is set to a song, with the player guiding the woman while collecting hearts, avoiding obstacles, and fighting enemies. The game was released for iOS, macOS and tvOS through Apple Arcade, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4 in September 2019, for Windows in December 2019, for Xbox One in February 2020, and for PlayStation 5 in February 2025. It was met with positive reviews for its visuals, soundtrack, and gameplay, and nominated for several year-end awards.

Edge (magazine)
Edge is a multi-format video game magazine published by Future plc. It is a UK-based magazine and publishes 13 issues annually. The magazine was launched by Steve Jarratt in 1993. It has also released foreign editions in Australia, Brazil, France, Germany, Italy, and Spain.
German submarine U-83 (1940)
German submarine U-83 was a Type VIIB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She was laid down in the Flender Werke at Lübeck as yard number 291 on 5 October 1939. Launched on 9 December 1940, she was commissioned on 8 February 1941. U-83 served with 1st U-boat Flotilla from 8 February 1941 to 31 December, with the 23rd flotilla from 1 January 1942 to 30 April and with the 29th flotilla from 1 March 1942 until she was sunk.

29th U-boat Flotilla
29th U-boat Flotilla ("29. Unterseebootsflottille") was formed in December 1941 in La Spezia in Italy under the command of Korvettenkapitän Franz Becker. The flotilla operated mostly various marks of the Type VII U-boat and it concentrated its efforts mainly in the Mediterranean Sea, against convoys. In August 1943, the flotilla moved to Toulon, but did also have U-boats in Marseille and Salamis. The flotilla was disbanded in September 1944, when U-407 was sunk on September 19 and the two last flotilla boats U-565 and U-596 were scuttled in Salamis.
Shergold (surname)
Shergold is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adrian Shergold, British film and television director

Bevis Shergold, née Bevis Reid (1919–1997), British track and field athlete

Billy Shergold, Welsh footballer

Craig Shergold (born 1979), British cancer patient who received 350 million greeting cards, a world record

Peter Shergold (born 1946), Australian academic

Wilf Shergold (born 1943), English footballer

Billy Shergold
William Richard Shergold (22 January 1923 – 21 July 1968) was a Welsh professional footballer, born in Slade Street, Newport, where his Grandfather moved for work from Wiltshire in 1886, a mere quarter-of-a-mile from Somerton Park, home of his future team Newport County. An inside-forward, he joined Newport County in 1947 from Bishop Auckland. He went on to make 273 Football League appearances for Newport County scoring 48 goals, at the time Newport County were playing in Division 4 (North) and 3rd Division (South). He is the 7th longest serving member of Newport County. In 1956 he joined Weymouth with 104 appearances and 37 goals in two years.

On 29 Mar 1947 Billy Shergold played for Wales against England in a friendly in Newport. England won the match 2–1.

On Monday 8 May 1967 a testimonial match took place at Newport County, for the Billy Shergold Testimonial Fund.
Tactical diameter
The tactical diameter of a ship is the distance:

travelled on sea surface

during a turning circle test

with maximum rudder angle

by the center of gravity of a ship

taken perpendicular to the initial track followed at approach speed

when the heading has changed by 180°

The ratio of the tactical diameter divided by the ship's length between perpendiculars gives a dimensionless parameter which can be used to compare ships maneuverability.

Ship
A ship  is a large watercraft designed for travel across the surface of a body of water, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized tasks such as warfare, oceanography and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce.

The word ship has meant, depending on era and context, either simply a large vessel or specifically a full-rigged ship with three or more masts, each of which is square rigged.

The earliest historical evidence of boats is found in Egypt during the 4th millennium BC. In 2024, ships had a global cargo capacity of 2.4 billion tons, with the three largest classes being ships carrying dry bulk (43%), oil tankers (28%) and container ships (14%).
44th General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador
The members of the 44th General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador were elected in the Newfoundland general election held in February 1999. The general assembly sat from 1999 to 2003.

The Liberal Party led by Brian Tobin formed the government. After Tobin reentered federal politics in October 2000, Beaton Tulk became interim party leader and Premier. Roger Grimes was elected party leader in February 2001.

Lloyd Snow served as speaker.

Arthur Maxwell House served as lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador until 2002. Edward Roberts succeeded House as lieutenant-governor.

Arthur Maxwell House
Arthur Maxwell House, OC (August 10, 1926 – October 17, 2013) was a Canadian neurologist and the tenth lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Born in Glovertown, Newfoundland, he graduated from medical school at Dalhousie University in 1952. He then specialized in neurology, at the Montreal Neurological Institute, and between 1959 and 1966 was the only neurologist in the province.

In the 1970s, House became pioneer of telehealth by offering telephone consultations with patients in remote areas of the province.

He had helped to establish the medical school at Memorial University of Newfoundland and worked for thirty years there as a professor of neurology. He also held several administrative positions there and he retired in 1993.

In 1997, he was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador.

In 1989, he was made a Member of the Order of Canada and was promoted to Officer in 2005.

He died at St. John's in 2013.
Seifert conjecture
In mathematics, the Seifert conjecture states that every nonsingular, continuous vector field on the 3-sphere has a closed orbit.  It is named after Herbert Seifert.  In a 1950 paper, Seifert asked if such a vector field exists, but did not phrase non-existence as a conjecture.  He also established the conjecture for perturbations of the Hopf fibration.

The conjecture was disproven in 1974 by Paul Schweitzer, who exhibited a  counterexample.  Schweitzer's construction was then modified by Jenny Harrison in 1988 to make a  counterexample for some .  The existence of smoother counterexamples remained an open question until 1993 when Krystyna Kuperberg constructed a very different  counterexample.  Later this construction was shown to have real analytic and piecewise linear versions.
In 1997 for the particular case of incompressible fluids it was shown that all  steady state flows on  possess closed flowlines based on similar results for Beltrami flows on the Weinstein conjecture.

Greg Kuperberg
Greg Kuperberg (born July 4, 1967) is a Polish-born American mathematician known for his contributions to geometric topology, quantum algebra, and combinatorics. Kuperberg is a professor of mathematics at the University of California, Davis.
Pinerolo Olimpica railway station
Pinerolo Olimpica railway station (Italian: Stazione di Pinerolo Olimpica) serves the town and comune of Pinerolo, in the Piedmont region of northwestern Italy. It is a through station of the Turin-Pinerolo-Torre Pellice railway.

Since 2012 the station has served line SFM2, part of the Turin metropolitan railway service.

Pinerolo
Pinerolo (Italian pronunciation: [pineˈrɔːlo]; Piedmontese: Pinareul [pinaˈrøl]; French: Pignerol; Occitan: Pineròl) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin, Piedmont, northwestern Italy, 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Turin on the river Chisone. The Lemina torrent has its source at the boundary between Pinerolo and San Pietro Val di Lemina.
United States national under-19 cricket team
The United States national under-19 cricket team represents the United States in international under-19 cricket. The team is coached by Vincent Vinay Kumar and is captained by Utkarsh Srivastava.

The team was coached by Thiru Kumaran, a former Indian Test player, during the 2015 ICC Americas Under-19 Championship. and was coached by former U.S. player Kevin Darlington in 2020.

Nondescripts Cricket Club Ground
Nondescripts Cricket Club Ground, a Sri Lankan first-class cricket ground in Maitland Place, Colombo, is the home ground of the Nondescripts Cricket Club. In February 1926, it hosted the first first-class cricket match ever played in Ceylon (as Sri Lanka was then called).
Richie Loop
Richie Loop (aka Richard Webb) is a Jamaican singer, MC and music producer. Born in Kingston and raised in Clarendon Parish, he worked with Derrick Morgan in his early career, before going on to collaborate with a wide variety of artists across a range of genres of electronic dance music from the 2000s onwards. His productions and collaborations typically combine Caribbean and European dance music styles, including reggae, dancehall, soca, techno, bass house, psy-trance and drum 'n' bass. Past collaborators include Hardwell, Banx & Ranx, Bad Royale, Shaggy, Henry Fong, Mr.Black and Bassjackers.

Richie Loop's breakthrough hit was "My Cup" released in 2010, which led to a collaboration with Busy Signal. His album Manimal was released in 2018 on Flex Up Records. In 2024, he released the 8-track Spacehall Vol.1 EP, a collaboration with JP Backhouse.

Clarendon Parish, Jamaica
Clarendon (Jamaican Patois: Clarindan) is a parish in Jamaica. It is located on the south of the island, roughly halfway between the island's eastern and western ends. Located in the county of Middlesex, it is bordered by Manchester on the west, Saint Catherine in the east, and in the north by Saint Ann. Its capital and largest town is May Pen.
Liye
Liye (Chinese: 里耶鎮; pinyin: Lǐyē zhèn) is a town in Longshan County, Hunan, China. Located on the northern bank of You River, Liye is the southernmost town of the county, and bordered to the west by Youshuihe Town (酉水河鎮) and Keda Township (可大鄉) of Youyang County, Daxi Township (大溪鄉) of Xiushan County of Chongqing, to the south by Qingshuiping (清水坪鎮) and Bi'er Towns (比耳鎮) of Baojing County, to the east and southeast by Maoertan Town (苗兒灘鎮), and to the southwest by Zaguo Township (咱果鄉). The present-day Liye was reformed on November 30, 2015. It covers an area of 259.2 km2 (100.1 sq mi), and as of November 2015, it has a registered population of 43,300. The seat is at Liye Community.

You River (Yuan River tributary)
The You River (Chinese: 酉水; pinyin: yǒu shuǐ) is the largest tributary of the Yuan River, one of main rivers in the Wuling Mountains in Southwest China. Its other name is Gengshi River (Chinese: 更始水); it was called Youxi River (Chinese: 酉溪) in ancient times. Its trunk stream flows through Hubei, Chongqing and Hunan, and its drainage basin reaches into Guizhou. Its watershed covers an area of 19,254.3 square kilometres (7,434.1 sq mi), including 2,680.7 square kilometres (1,035.0 sq mi) of Hubei, 10,485.7 square kilometres (4,048.6 sq mi) of Hunan, 4,658.4 square kilometres (1,798.6 sq mi) of Chongqing and 1,519.5 square kilometres (586.7 sq mi) of Guizhou; it has a length of 484 kilometres (301 mi).

The valley of the You River was home of the ancient Ba people, the ancestors of the Tujia people.  The You River basin is one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization: the Qin Dynasty Bamboo Slips of Liye and the Tusi Sites of Laosicheng and Tangya were discovered in the region.
Trevvy
TREVVY was an LGBTQ website in Singapore.  Started  August 2006 through a re-branding exercise of Singapore's first gay portal, Trevvy ceased operation in 2021.  At one point, Trevvy had over 120,000 registered users.

In February 2007, Trevvy.com was awarded the Hitwise Online Performance Award recognizing it as the most visited gay and lesbian website in Singapore.

In August 2007, Trevvy.com launched an HIV/AIDS awareness campaign called Evolve which was the first such campaign in Singapore to use digital animation.

Trevvy.com was awarded the Arts Supporter Award by Singapore's National Arts Council for its contributions towards the local arts scene.

On 20 April 2021, Trevvy.com announced on their Facebook page its closure effective 30 April 2021.

National Arts Council, Singapore
The National Arts Council (NAC) is a statutory board established on 15 October 1991 to oversee the development of arts in Singapore. It is under the purview of the Ministry of Culture, Community and Youth. The NAC provides grants, scholarships, awards and platforms for arts practitioners, as well as arts education and programmes for the general public.
Koreanosaurus
Koreanosaurus (lit. 'Korean lizard') is a genus of orodromine neornithischian dinosaur that lived during the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous of what is now South Korea. One species has been described, Koreanosaurus boseongensis.

Neornithischia
Neornithischia ("new ornithischians") is a clade of the dinosaur order Ornithischia.  It is the sister group of the Thyreophora within the clade Genasauria. Neornithischians are united by having a thicker layer of asymmetrical enamel on the inside of their lower teeth. The teeth wore unevenly with chewing and developed sharp ridges that allowed neornithischians to break down tougher plant food than other dinosaurs.

Neornithischians include a variety of basal forms historically known as "hypsilophodonts", including the Thescelosauridae. As these taxa do not all form a monophyletic clade, the term 'small-bodied early diverging ornithischian' (SBEDO) has been used to refer to these as a collective group. In addition, there are derived forms classified in the groups Marginocephalia and Ornithopoda. The former includes clades Pachycephalosauria and Ceratopsia, while the latter typically includes Hypsilophodon and the more derived Iguanodontia.
Sheylanli (tribe)
Sheylanli tribe (Kurdish: شیلانلی) is a Kurdish tribe who lived in the Sheylanli village, Lachin, until it was occupied by Armenian troops. Due to the war, the Sheylanlis fled to Aghjabadi Rayon, Azerbaijan. They speak the Kurmanji dialect of the Kurdish Language.

This tribe is considered to be one of the 24 Kurdish tribes those were moved from Iran to Karabakh and Zangezur by Shah Abbas I of Iran in the 16th century to fortify the borders of the Safavid Empire. Tatiana Fyodorovna Aristova gives some Sheylanli Kurdish family names such as Asadlar, Ismaillar, Nabilar, and Khudular in the book Kurdy Zakavkazia. The author mentions Sheylanli, Zerty, and Minkend among the poorest Kurdish communities of Azerbaijan in Lachin.

Kurmanji
Kurmanji (Kurdish: کورمانجی, romanized: Kurmancî, lit. 'Kurdish', pronunciationⓘ), also termed Northern Kurdish, is the northernmost of the Kurdish languages, spoken predominantly in southeast Turkey, northwest and northeast Iran, northern Iraq, northern Syria and the Caucasus and Khorasan regions. It is the most widely spoken form of Kurdish.

Kurmanji is also the common and ceremonial language of Yazidis. Their sacred book Mishefa Reş and all prayers are written and spoken in Kurmanji.

Ethnologue reports that the use of Kurmanji is declining in Turkey even when the language is used as a language of wider communication (LWC) by immigrants to Turkey, and that the language is threatened because it is losing speakers.
Jean B. Bingham
Jean Barrus Bingham (born June 10, 1952) was the 17th Relief Society General President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from April 2017 to August 2022.

Bingham was born in Provo, Utah to Robert R. Barrus and Edith Joy Clark. Bingham was raised in New Jersey, Minnesota, and Texas. In Minneapolis, Minnesota, her father served in the LDS Church's local congregation as its bishop, and she did minor aid in helping build a new chapel. She lived in New Jersey during her high school years. She has an associate degree from Elgin Community College and another from Brigham Young University (BYU), along with bachelor's and master's degrees in teaching from National Louis University. After graduating, she moved to Illinois and also lived in Wisconsin. Bingham taught English as a second language and also worked as a nurse's aid.

Bishop (Latter Day Saints)
In the Latter Day Saint movement, a bishop is the highest office of the Aaronic priesthood. It is almost always held by one who holds the office of high priest in the Melchizedek priesthood. The Latter Day Saint concept of the office differs significantly from the role of bishops in other Christian denominations, being in some respects more analogous to a pastor or parish priest. Each bishop serves with two counselors, who together form a bishopric.

The role of a bishop varies in the different Latter Day Saint denominations; however, they derive from a common history.