hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Photoentrainment
In chronobiology, photoentrainment refers to the process by which an organism's biological clock, or circadian rhythm, synchronizes to daily cycles of light and dark in the environment. The mechanisms of photoentrainment differ from organism to organism. Photoentrainment plays a major role in maintaining proper timing of physiological processes and coordinating behavior within the natural environment. Studying organisms' different photoentrainment mechanisms sheds light on how organisms may adapt to anthropogenic changes to the environment.

Suprachiasmatic nucleus
The suprachiasmatic nucleus or nuclei (SCN) is a small region of the brain in the hypothalamus, situated directly above the optic chiasm. It is responsible for regulating sleep cycles in animals. Reception of light inputs from photosensitive retinal ganglion cells allow it to coordinate the subordinate cellular clocks of the body and entrain to the environment. The neuronal and hormonal activities it generates regulate many different body functions in an approximately 24-hour cycle.

The SCN also interacts with many other regions of the brain. It contains several cell types, neurotransmitters and peptides, including vasopressin and vasoactive intestinal peptide.

Disruptions or damage to the SCN has been associated with different mood disorders and sleep disorders, suggesting the significance of the SCN in regulating circadian timing.
Osieczna Castle
Osieczna Castle - built between 1890 and 1908, a Renaissance Revival castle located in Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship in Poland.

The first stronghold was built in this place probably in the 14th century for the castellan of Santok, Wojsław Borek from Gryżyna (d. 1373) or around the middle of the 15th century in the time of his successor, Maciej Borek from Nowe Miasto nad Wartą and Lipno (1418-1452). The castle had the shape of a quadrangle with the western and northern wings preserved to this day on the ground floor.

In 1512, Łukasz II Górka bought castle. In 1592 the castle inherited castellan Andrzej Czarnkowski, who expanded it around 1601. Reconstruction in the eclectic style was made in the years 1890-1908. The castle also housed the chess library of Tassilo von Heydebrand und der Lasa, who lived there in the last year of his life.

Tassilo von Heydebrand und der Lasa
Tassilo, Baron von Heydebrand und der Lasa (known in English as Baron von der Lasa; 17 October 1818 – 27 July 1899) was a German chess master, chess historian and theoretician of the nineteenth century, a member of the Berlin Chess Club and a founder of the Berlin Chess School (the Berlin Pleiades).
Christ Church South (Barbados Parliament constituency)
Christ Church South is a constituency in the Christ Church area of Barbados represented in the House of Assembly of the Barbadian Parliament since 2026 by Shantal Munro-Knight from the Barbados Labour Party. It was previously held since 2018 by Ralph Thorne, MP of the DLP after he crossed the floor from the Barbados Labour Party in February 2024.

Since its founding in 1991 it has mostly been held by the BLP.

Democratic Labour Party (Barbados)
The Democratic Labour Party (DLP), colloquially known as the "Dems", is a political party in Barbados, established in 1955. It was the ruling party from 15 January 2008 to 24 May 2018 but faced an electoral wipeout in the 2018 general election which left it with no MPs.

In common with Barbados' other major party, the Barbados Labour Party, the DLP has been broadly described as a centre-left social-democratic party, with local politics being largely personality-driven and responsive to contemporary issues and the state of the economy. Historically, the BLP claims a heritage from British liberalism, while the DLP was founded 11 years afterwards as a more left-leaning breakaway group.
Natural regions of the Black Forest
The Black Forest is categorised as a natural region of the 3rd level and is part of the South German Scarplands, where it forms the basement and escarpments of Bunter sandstone along with the major region of Odenwald, Spessart and South Rhön. According to the classification in the Handbook of the Natural Region Divisions of Germany and its successor publications in the former Bundesanstalt für Landeskunde, which are also used by the relevant Baden-Württemberg state department (LUBW), it is given the two-digit number 15; the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN), in its internal numbering system, designates it as D54.

Natural regions of Germany
This division of Germany into major natural regions takes account primarily of geomorphological, geological, hydrological, and pedological criteria in order to divide the country into large, physical units with a common geographical basis. Political boundaries play no part in this, apart from defining the national border.

In addition to a division of Germany by natural regions, the federal authorities have also produced a division by so-called landscape areas (Landschaftsräume) that is based more on human utilisation of various regions and so has clearly different boundaries.
Hermosa Creek Wilderness
The Hermosa Creek Wilderness is a 37,236-acre (15,069 ha) U.S. Wilderness Area in La Plata County, Colorado. It s located in the San Juan National Forest 12 miles (19 km) north of Durango. It was established by the Hermosa Creek Protection Act of 2014, which also created the adjacent Hermosa Creek Special Management Area, which shares its eastern border, Hermosa Creek. Elevation in the wilderness ranges from 7,500 feet (2,300 m) along Hermosa Creek to 12,338 feet (3,761 m) at the high point of Indian Trail Ridge.

La Plata County, Colorado
La Plata County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 55,638. The county seat is Durango. The county was named for the La Plata River and the La Plata Mountains.  "La plata" means "the silver" in Spanish. La Plata County comprises the Durango, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area. The county is home to Durango Rock Shelters Archeology Site, the type site for the Basketmaker II period of Anasazi culture.
Princess Berthe de Rohan
Berthe de Rohan (French: Marie-Berthe Françoise Félicie Jeanne de Rohan, Princesse de Rohan; 21 May 1868 – 19 January 1945) was a Princess of Rohan and member of the House of Rohan by birth. She was born in Teplitz, Kingdom of Bohemia, Austria-Hungary. Through her marriage to Carlist claimant to the Spanish throne, Berthe became a member of the House of Bourbon and titular Queen consort of Spain, France, and Navarre.

Waldstein family
The House of Waldstein (Valdštejn, Valdonio, or Wallenstein) is an old, wealthy and important noble family from Central Europe (from the present day Czech Republic). They owned many castles across Europe.
Pheasant cuckoo
The pheasant cuckoo (Dromococcyx phasianellus) is a species of neotropical cuckoo in the subfamily Neomorphinae of the family Cuculidae. It is native to Central and South America where it occurs in lowland tropical forest.

Neomorphinae
The Neomorphinae are a subfamily of the cuckoo family, Cuculidae.  Members of this subfamily are known as New World ground cuckoos, since most are largely terrestrial and native to the Americas. Only Dromococcyx and Tapera are more arboreal, and these are also the only brood parasitic cuckoos in the Americas, while the remaining all build their own nests.
Umatilla Site
The Umatilla Site (Smithsonian trinomial: 35UM1 and 35UM35) is an archaeological site near Umatilla, Oregon, United States. Situated on the shores of the Columbia River, the prehistoric component of the site is associated with the origins of seasonal (winter) sedentism around fishing opportunities. Pit houses at Umatilla date to at least 470 BCE, and significant evidence is present of occupations earlier than the pit houses. Other remains found include stone and bone art objects, burials, and extensive animal remains. The total set of remains may represent the largest prehistoric site in Oregon by area. The site may also yield useful evidence of the historical period of the town of Umatilla, founded over the prehistoric remains in the 1860s as a gold mining supply base and relocated in 1967 in connection with the construction of the John Day Dam.

The Umatilla Site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.

Sedentism
In anthropology, sedentism (sometimes called sedentariness; compare sedentarism) is the practice of living in one place for a long time. As of 2026, the large majority of people belong to sedentary cultures. In evolutionary anthropology and archaeology, sedentism takes on a slightly different sub-meaning, often applying to the transition from nomadic society to a lifestyle that involves remaining in one place permanently. Essentially, sedentism means living in groups permanently in one place. The invention of agriculture led to sedentism in many cases, but the earliest sedentary settlements were pre-agricultural.
Deicing
De-icing is the process of removing snow, ice or frost from a surface. Anti-icing is the application of chemicals that not only de-ice but also remain on a surface and continue to delay the reformation of ice for a certain period of time, or prevent adhesion of ice to make mechanical removal easier.

De-icing can be accomplished by mechanical methods (scraping, pushing); through the application of heat; by use of dry or liquid chemicals designed to lower the freezing point of water (various salts or brines, alcohols, glycols); or by a combination of these different techniques.

Diol
A diol is a chemical compound containing two hydroxyl groups (−OH groups).  An aliphatic diol may also be called a glycol. This pairing of functional groups is pervasive, and many subcategories have been identified. They are used as protecting groups of carbonyl groups, making them essential in synthesis of organic chemistry.

The most common industrial diol is ethylene glycol. Examples of diols in which the hydroxyl functional groups are more widely separated include 1,4-butanediol HO−(CH2)4−OH and propylene-1,3-diol, or beta propylene glycol, HO−CH2−CH2−CH2−OH.
Death and state funeral of Michael I of Romania
On 5 December 2017, Michael I, King of Romania from 1927 to 1930 and 1940 to 1947, died at his private residence in Switzerland at the age of 96, in the presence of his youngest daughter Princess Maria.

Mihai Tudose
Mihai Tudose (Romanian pronunciation: [miˈhaj tuˈdose]; born 6 March 1967) is a Romanian politician, jurist and academic, deputy in the Parliament of Romania, a former Minister of Economy in 2017 and a former Prime Minister of Romania in 2018. On 16 January, 2018 he resigned from his position as Prime Minister after his own Social Democratic Party (PSD) retracted its political support for his government. He subsequently switched from PSD to Victor Ponta's party PRO Romania in 2019.

On 6 January 2020, he resigned from PRO Romania and re-joined the Social Democratic Party (PSD).
Fowles
Fowles is the surname of the following people:

Colin Fowles (1953−1985), Jamaican-American soccer player

Dennis Fowles (born 1951), Welsh runner

Duncan Fowles (1893−1969), Australian rugby union player

Edwin Fowles (1871−1945), Australia barrister and journalist

Glenys Fowles (born 1941 or 1946), Australian operatic soprano

Howard Fowles (1894−1973), Australian politician

Ian Fowles (born 1979), American guitarist

John Fowles (1926−2005), English writer

Joseph Fowles (1809−1878), Australian artist and educator

Leonard Fowles (1870−1939), English organist and choirmaster

Mitchell Fowles (born 1970), English cricketer

Nathan Fowles (born 1993), English rugby union player

Stacie Fowles (born 1979), Canadian writer

Sylvia Fowles (born 1985), American basketball player

Will Fowles (born 1978), Australian politician

William Fowles (1842−1880), Australian politician

Duncan Fowles
Duncan G. Fowles (18 July 1893– c. 1969) was a rugby union player who represented Australia.

Fowles, a hooker, was born in Brisbane, Queensland and claimed a total of 7 international rugby caps for Australia.
Battle of Buenavista
The Battle of Buenavista was a battle of the Tacna and Arica campaign of the War of the Pacific on April 18, 1880, between a Chilean cavalry detachment led by Commander José Francisco Vergara, and the forces of Colonel Gregorio Albarracín in the Sama River, Tacna Province, Peru.

Tacna province
Tacna (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtaɣna]; Aymara and Quechua: Taqna) is a province of the department of Tacna, Peru. It is located in the country's south, on the border with Chile and Bolivia and it's is the largest of the department's four provinces. From 1883 to 1929, the province's territory south of the Sama River was administered by Chile following the War of the Pacific.
Duke Jupiter
Duke Jupiter was an American rock band from Rochester, New York. They were active in the 1970s and 1980s on Mercury Records, CBS Records, and the Motown subsidiaries Morocco Records and Powerglide Records. They are best known for their hit single "I'll Drink to You".

After the release of their first album Sweet Cheeks in 1978, Duke Jupiter started touring with national acts, including ZZ Top, Stevie Ray Vaughan, David Bowie, Bob Seger, Robert Palmer, B. B. King, Toto, Sea Level, Huey Lewis and the News, REO Speedwagon, Foreigner, Blue Öyster Cult, The Charlie Daniels Band, Outlaws, and John Lee Hooker.

REO Speedwagon
REO Speedwagon (originally stylized as R.E.O. Speedwagon), or simply REO, was an American rock band from Champaign, Illinois.

Formed in 1966, the band cultivated a following during the 1970s and achieved significant commercial success throughout the 1980s. Their best-selling album, Hi Infidelity (1980), contained four US Top 40 hits and sold more than 10 million copies.

REO Speedwagon sold more than 40 million records and charted 13 Top 40 hits, including the number ones "Keep On Loving You" and "Can't Fight This Feeling".
Kiwa hirsuta
Kiwa hirsuta is a crustacean discovered in 2005 in the South Pacific Ocean. This decapod, which is approximately 15 cm (5.9 in) long, is notable for the quantity of silky blond setae (resembling fur) covering its pereiopods (thoracic legs, including claws). Its discoverers dubbed it the "yeti lobster" or "yeti crab".

Decapod anatomy
The anatomy of a decapod consists of 20 body segments grouped into two main body parts: the cephalothorax and the pleon (abdomen). Each segment – often called a somite – may possess one pair of appendages, although in various groups these may be reduced or missing.
Gian Tommaso Scarascia Mugnozza
Gian Tommaso Scarascia Mugnozza (27 May 1925 – 28 February 2011) was an Italian agronomist and geneticist. He was born in Rome, Italy.

After graduating in agriculture at the University of Bari in 1946, he started teaching there and became a full professor in 1968. He was director of the ENEA Casaccia laboratory in Cesano, Rome. Other positions include; Dean of the Faculty of Agriculture at the University of Bari, chairman of the Agriculture and Forestry Commission of the Italian National Research Council, and rector at Tuscia University at Viterbo. He was president of the Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze and was a fellow of several Italian and foreign academies. His scientific research focused on wheat breeding and adaptation to arid and semi-arid climates. He coordinated national and international research programs in agriculture and plant breeding.

He also served as rector of Tuscia University.

National Research Council (Italy)
The National Research Council (Italian: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR) is the largest research council in Italy. As a public organisation, its remit is to support scientific and technological research. Its headquarters are in Rome.
Ishtiyak Khan
Ishtiyak Khan (born Istayak Arif Khan; 15 April 1976) is an Indian actor known for his work in Bollywood movies and television shows. He came into limelight for his role as english teacher in the film Phas Gaye Re Obama which also went viral as a meme in social media and he gained popularity from his role as Rajesh Autowala in Tamasha, Ludo (as Inspector), Janhit Mein Jaari (as Purushottam), Anaarkali of Aarah, as well as portraying Chaurasia in Bharat, Vasu (Lawyer from Rohtak) in Jolly LLB, Sunny in FryDay, and Munna in Ammaa Ki Boli. He is also well known for his role in Television series as Kappu Ka Sasur in the fourth season of The Kapil Sharma Show (2022), Puttan in Har Shaakh Pe Ullu Baithaa Hai, and in web series Dhindora (as Boss).

Anaarkali of Aarah
Anaarkali of Aarah (Anārakalī ŏph Ārā) is a 2017 Indian film written and directed by debutant Avinash Das. The movie has Swara Bhaskar playing the lead role of a small-town erotic folk dancer in Arrah in Bihar. The movie revolves around her confrontation with a vice chancellor played by Sanjay Mishra. The film was released on 24 March 2017. Bhaskar received widespread acclaim for her performance and a Filmfare Award nomination for Best Actress (critics) at the 63rd Filmfare Awards.
Dale Michels
Dale Robert Michels (August 4, 1932 – April 8, 1998) was an American businessman who founded Michels Welding Company in 1959 which ultimately became Michels Corporation, one of the largest general contractors in North America. He was the father of Tim Michels. He is the namesake of SSM Health Dale Michels Heart & Vascular Care.

SSM Health
SSM Health (an initialism of Sisters of Saint Mary) is a Catholic, non-profit United States health care system. It has 11,000 providers and nearly 39,000 employees in four states: Missouri, Illinois, Oklahoma, and Wisconsin.

Based in St. Louis, SSM Health owns hospitals, pediatric medical centers, outpatient centers, clinics, surgery centers, nursing homes, assisted living facilities, physician offices, emergency centers, rehabilitation facilities, urgent care centers, home care, and hospice.
Chase Terrace Academy
Chase Terrace Academy (formerly Chase Terrace Technology College and Chase Terrace High School before that) is a mixed secondary school and sixth form located in the Chase Terrace area of Burntwood in the English county of Staffordshire.

Originally known as Chase Terrace High School, the school acquired specialisms in Design and Technology and in the Visual, Media and Performing Arts and was renamed Chase Terrace Technology College. The school was destroyed by fire in August 2002, and was rebuilt and refurbished by 2004.

Previously a community school administered by Staffordshire County Council, in January 2017 Chase Terrace Technology College converted to academy status and is now a part of the John Taylor Multi-Academy Trust.

Chase Terrace Academy offers GCSEs and BTECs as programmes of study for pupils, while students in the sixth form have the option to study from a range of A-levels and further BTECs.

Staffordshire County Council
Staffordshire County Council is the upper-tier local authority for the non-metropolitan county of Staffordshire, England. The non-metropolitan county is smaller than the ceremonial county, which additionally includes Stoke-on-Trent.

The council has been under Reform majority control since 2025. It meets at County Buildings in Stafford and has its main offices nearby at Staffordshire Place on Tipping Street.
Jungle Love (Family Guy)
"Jungle Love" is the 13th episode of the fourth season of Family Guy. Written by Mark Hentemann and directed by Seth Kearsley, the episode originally aired on Fox on September 25, 2005. Chris runs away from his home after getting hazed on his first day of school and joins the Peace Corps, after which he is dropped off in South America and becomes popular with the indigenous people. Peter gets a job at the Pawtucket Brewery, where the beer is free as long as employees do not drink during their shift.

Mayor Adam West
Mayor Adam West, or simply Mayor West, is a fictional character that was voiced by actor Adam West (as a fictionalized version of himself) on the American animated television series and franchise Family Guy. Depicted as the mayor of the town of Quahog, Rhode Island, where the show is set, he appeared on a recurring basis from his first appearance in the second season until his final appearance in the seventeenth season.
Thomas Henry Manning
Thomas Henry Manning, OC (22 December 1911 – 8 November 1998) was a British-Canadian Arctic explorer, biologist, geographer, zoologist, and author.  Appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada, Manning held the positions of vice-chairman and executive director of the Arctic Institute of North America. Nicknamed the Lone Wolf of the Arctic, he was known for travelling alone with dog sled and canoe.

Baffin Island
Baffin Island (formerly Baffin Land and also James Island), in the Canadian territory of Nunavut, is the largest island in Canada, the second-largest island in the Americas (behind Greenland), and the fifth-largest island in the world. Its area is 507,451 km2 (195,928 sq mi) (slightly smaller than Thailand) with a population density of 0.026/km2 (0.067/sq mi); the population was 13,039 according to the 2021 Canadian census; and it is located at 68°N 70°W﻿ / ﻿68°N 70°W﻿ / 68; -70﻿ (Baffin Island). Iqaluit, the capital of Nunavut, is located on Frobisher Bay on the southern tip of the island.
Surf Punks
The Surf Punks were a pop punk band formed in 1976 by Malibu residents Dennis Dragon (1947-2017) and Drew Steele (d. October 2021). Dragon was the son of symphony conductor Carmen Dragon, the brother of Captain & Tennille's Daryl Dragon, and previously the drummer of the Byrds and the Beach Boys.  Steele's stepfather was Gavin MacLeod of McHale's Navy, The Mary Tyler Moore Show and Love Boat fame. Dragon recruited the additional talents of Malibu residents Tony Creed AKA the "Hulk", for lead guitar and blues harp, fellow bodysurfer/frisbeeist John Hunt on the bass, and South Bay resident John Heussenstamm for lead guitar. This was the original core group, produced and engineered by Dragon in his garage studio across the street from Zuma Beach, his favorite body surfing spot. Mark Miller joined them on "Locals Only." Jeff "Ray Ban" Eyrich joined the Surf Punks on bass when John Hunt left the group.

Scott Goddard (1952–2006) later joined as lead vocalist on a few songs.

Zuma Beach
Zuma Beach is a county beach at 30000 Pacific Coast Highway (PCH) in Malibu, California. One of the largest and most popular beaches in Los Angeles County, California, it is known for its long, wide sands and excellent surf. It consistently ranks among the healthiest beaches for clean water conditions in Los Angeles County.