hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carvel Rock (British Virgin Islands)
Carvel Rock (sometimes spelled Carval Rock ) is an uninhabited islet of the British Virgin Islands in the Caribbean, less than 2 acres (8,100 m2) in size. It lies at the southern edge of the archipelago, south of and roughly between Ginger Island and Cooper Island.

The waters around it are a scuba diving site, but its sheer cliffs and lack of a beach make landing practically impossible.

Cooper Island (British Virgin Islands)
Cooper Island is a small island of the British Virgin Islands in the Caribbean. It is one of the "Little Sisters" islands.

There are five privately owned properties on the island, plus a small beach club resort. Cooper Island Beach Club has 8 hotel rooms, a restaurant, rum bar, coffee shop, solar powered brewery, and gift shop. Facilities are open to guests, day visitors and yachts using the nearby moorings. Manchioneel Bay (/ˈmækəniːl/) features 30 mooring balls that accommodate vessels up to 60 feet.

Cooper Island is a popular stop for yachts, group tours visiting The Baths on Virgin Gorda, and day boat charters from Tortola, St. Thomas, and St. John.

The island lies adjacent to "wreck alley", a popular wreck diving site in the British Virgin Islands where a number of vessels have been deliberately sunk as dive sites.  A local dive store near the beach club rents tanks to certified scuba divers.
International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship
The International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering issues related to the marketing of sports that was established in 1999. Since 2004 it has been published  by International Marketing Reports. The journal is abstracted and indexed by PsycINFO and the Social Sciences Citation Index. It is currently published by the Emerald Publishing Group.

Emerald Group Publishing
Emerald Publishing Limited is a scholarly publisher of academic journals and books, headquartered in Leeds, England. Originally focused in the areas of social sciences and management, including management, business, education, and library studies, Emerald also publishes in the areas of health, science, engineering, and technology.

Emerald Publishing began as an independent publishing house, formed by Keith Howard (OBE) and a group of management academics from the University of Bradford. Howard stepped down as Chairman of the Emerald Group in 2017.
Vicky Williams became the CEO of Emerald Publishing in 2018, replacing Richard Bevan, who took over Howard's role of Executive Chairman.   Emerald Group Publishing was acquired by US-based Cambridge Information Group on 10 June 2022.
Wild Life (2014 film)
Wild Life (French: Vie sauvage) is a 2014 French-Belgian drama film directed by Cédric Kahn and adapted from the 2010 book Hors système, onze ans sous l'étoile de la liberté by Xavier Fortin, Okwari Fortin, Shahi'Yena Fortin and Laurence Vidal. The film won the Special Jury Prize at the 62nd San Sebastián International Film Festival. In January 2015, the film received three nominations at the 20th Lumière Awards.

20th Lumière Awards
The 20th Lumière Awards ceremony, presented by the Académie des Lumières, was held on 2 February 2015, at the Espace Pierre Cardin in Paris. Nominations were announced on 12 January 2015. Saint Laurent garnered the most nominations with a total of five. Timbuktu, La Famille Bélier and  Love at First Fight won two awards each.
Mount Gassan
Mount Gassan (月山, Gassan) is a stratovolcano in the ancient province of Dewa (modern-day Yamagata prefecture) and the highest of the Three Mountains of Dewa. The Gassan Shrine stands at the mountain's summit, 1,984 metres (6,509 ft) above sea level.

The hike from its trailhead to the summit usually requires about 4-5 hours and can be challenging.  Visitors should be aware of the weather and not try to hike it on days with wind or heavy rain.  The trail is not paved and in some parts requires the use of hands to navigate certain parts of the trail.

Due to heavy winter snowfall, the mountain and shrine are inaccessible for long periods of the year; however, this also means that skiing is possible on the mountain from April to mid-summer.

The mountain is interesting in that it contains elements of both shield volcanoes as well as stratovolcanoes, although it is classified as a stratovolcano.

Dewa Province
Dewa Province (出羽国, Dewa no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [deꜜ.wa (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan comprising modern-day Yamagata Prefecture and Akita Prefecture, except for the city of Kazuno and the town of Kosaka.  Dewa bordered on Mutsu and Echigō Provinces. Its abbreviated form name was Ushū (羽州).
Sentimental Ol' You
"Sentimental Ol' You" is a song written by Bob DiPiero and Pat McManus, and recorded by American country music artist Charly McClain.  It was released in November 1983 as the first single from the album The Woman in Me.  The song reached #3 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

Charly McClain
Charlotte Denise "Charly" McClain (born March 26, 1956) is a retired American country music singer, best known for a string of hits during the 1980s. McClain's biggest hits include "Who's Cheatin' Who", "Sleepin' with the Radio On", and "Radio Heart".
Lupinus prunophilus
Lupinus prunophilus, commonly known as the hairy bigleaf lupine or chokecherry lupin, is a medium-sized herbaceous plant that grows in the Great Basin and other parts of the U.S. interior between the Sierra-Nevada and the Rockies.  It is a close relative and very similar to Lupinus polyphyllus and is considered a subspecies by some botanists.

Lupinus polyphyllus
Lupinus polyphyllus, the large-leaved lupine, big-leaved lupine, many-leaved lupine, blue-pod lupine, or, primarily in cultivation, garden lupin, is a species of lupine (lupin) native to western North America from southern Alaska and British Columbia and western Wyoming, and south to Utah and California. It commonly grows along streams and creeks, preferring moist habitats.
Onefour
Onefour (stylised in all caps) are an Australian drill and rap group originating from the Western Sydney suburb of Mount Druitt. They are regarded by many as the pioneers of drill music in Australia, following a run of viral singles in 2019. The group has Five core members: J Emz, Taxed, Spenny, Lekks and Celly.
YP was also a member but he left the group in 2024 to focus on religion.

Their debut EP, Against All Odds, released in November 2020, peaked at No. 7 on the ARIA Charts (Australia) and No. 8 in New Zealand.

Official Aotearoa Music Charts
The Official Aotearoa Music Charts, formerly the Official New Zealand Music Chart (Māori: Te Papa Tātai Waiata Matua o Aotearoa), is the weekly New Zealand top 40 singles and albums charts, issued weekly by Recorded Music NZ (formerly Recording Industry Association of New Zealand). The Music Chart also includes the top 40 Hot Singles chart, the top 20 New Zealand artist singles and albums, the top 20 Hot New Zealand singles, and top 10 compilation albums. All charts are compiled from data of both physical and digital sales from music retailers in New Zealand.

The chart also publishes gold and platinum certifications of albums and singles, according to thresholds set by Recorded Music NZ, through the database on radioscope.net.nz.
Richardson River (Canada)
The Richardson River is a waterway that flows into Richardson Bay, Coronation Gulf in the northern Canadian territory of Nunavut. Its mouth is situated northwest of Kugluktuk, Nunavut. The Rae River is 1.3 km (0.81 mi) away.

The Richardson River is named in honour of Sir John Richardson, a Scottish naval surgeon, naturalist and arctic explorer of the region.

Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.
Zero order
Zero order reaction

Zero-order process (statistics), a sequence of random variables, each independent of the previous ones

Zero order process (chemistry), a chemical reaction in which the rate of change of concentration is independent of the concentrations

Zeroth-order approximation, an approximation of a function by a constant

Zeroth-order logic, a form of logic without quantifiers

Zero-order process (statistics)
In probability theory and statistics, a zero-order process is a stochastic process in which each observation is independent of all previous observations. For example, a zero-order process in marketing would be one in which the brands purchased next do not depend on the brands purchased before, implying a fixed probability of purchase since it is zero order in regards to probability.
Bucculatrix anaticula
Bucculatrix anaticula is a moth in the family Bucculatricidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Ontario and Kentucky. It was first described in 1963 by Annette Frances Braun.

Annette Braun
Annette Frances Braun (August 24, 1884 – November 27, 1978) was an American entomologist and leading authority on microlepidoptera, a grouping of mostly small and nocturnal moths. Her special interest was leaf miners: moths whose larvae live and feed from within a leaf.
Shreyas Gopal
Ramaswamy Shreyas Gopal (born 4 September 1993) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Karnataka in domestic cricket. He is an all-rounder who bats right-handed, and bowls leg break. He played three ODIs for India Under-19 cricket team in 2011. He had captained Karnataka at various age levels such as Under-13, Under-15, Under-16 and Under-19.

India national under-19 cricket team
The Indian men’s national Under-19 cricket team represents India in cricket at Under-19 level. The team has won six Under-19 World Cups and has the best win percentage in ODIs among all Under-19 national teams.

The team has won the Under-19 World Cup six times and finished runners-up four times. In 2000, they won it under the captaincy of Mohammad Kaif, in 2008, they won it under Virat Kohli's leadership, in 2012 under Unmukt Chand, in 2018 under Prithvi Shaw, and in 2022 under Yash Dhull. Ayush Mhatre led the team to their 6th title in 2026.

The team is currently captained by Ayush Mhatre, and coached by former India cricketer Hrishikesh Kanitkar.
Lakalaka
The lakalaka (walking briskly) is a Tongan group dance where the performers are largely standing still and make gestures with their arms only. It is considered as the national dance of Tonga and part of the intangible human heritage. It is the ideal dance at formal occasions, like the birthday of the king or the opening of a church.

Muʻa (Tongatapu)
Muʻa is a small town in the Hahake (eastern) district on the island of Tongatapu, and it was for centuries the ancient capital of the Tuʻi Tonga Empire. It is divided in the villages Lapaha and Tatakamotonga, is close to Talasiu and famous for the ancient langi (royal burial tombs).
Trochoid
In geometry, a trochoid (from Greek  trochos 'wheel') is a roulette curve formed by a circle rolling along a line. It is the curve traced out by a point fixed to a circle (where the point may be on, inside, or outside the circle) as it rolls along a straight line. If the point is on the circle, the trochoid is called common (also known as a cycloid); if the point is inside the circle, the trochoid is curtate; and if the point is outside the circle, the trochoid is prolate. The word "trochoid" was coined by Gilles de Roberval, referring to the special case of a cycloid.

Line (geometry)
In geometry, a straight line, usually abbreviated line, is an infinitely long object with no width, depth, or curvature. It is a special case of a curve and an idealization of such physical objects as a straightedge, a taut string, or a ray of light. Lines are spaces of dimension one, which may be embedded in spaces of dimension two, three, or higher. The word line may also refer, in everyday life, to a line segment, which is a part of a line delimited by two points (its endpoints).

Euclid's Elements defines a straight line as a "breadthless length" that "lies evenly with respect to the points on itself", and introduced several postulates as basic unprovable properties on which the rest of geometry was established. Euclidean line and Euclidean geometry are terms introduced to avoid confusion with generalizations introduced since the end of the 19th century, such as non-Euclidean, projective, and affine geometry.
Boione
Boione (Ancient Greek: Βοιωνή) was a town of ancient Aeolis. Although its name does not appear in historical texts, it is known from numismatic evidence, specifically coins from the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE that bears the inscriptions «ΒΟΙΩΝΙΤΙΚΟΝ» or «ΒΟΙΩΝΙΤΗΣ».

Most of the coins from Boione have been found in the valley of the Hermus River but the precise location of the town remains unknown. The editors of the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World suggest that Boione may have been situated between Larissa and Phocaea. This theory was initially proposed by Helmut Engelmann. However, since the key evidence for this hypothesis -- a reading of an inscription from Phocaea -- has been contested, the town's direct proximity to Phocaea remains uncertain.

Gediz River
The Gediz River (Turkish: Gediz Nehri, Turkish pronunciation: [ˈɡediz]) is the second-longest river in Anatolia flowing into the Aegean Sea. From its source of Mount Murat in Kütahya Province, it flows generally west for 401 km (249 mi) to the Gediz River Delta in the Gulf of İzmir.
Yukon Legislative Assembly
The Yukon Legislative Assembly (French: Assemblée législative du Yukon) is the legislative assembly for Yukon, Canada. Unique among Canada's three territories, the Yukon Legislative Assembly is the only territorial legislature which is organized along political party lines. In contrast, in Nunavut and the Northwest Territories, their legislative assemblies are elected on a non-partisan basis and operate on a consensus government model.

Each member represents one electoral district, elected through first-past-the-post voting. Members of the Legislative Assembly are sworn in by the commissioner of Yukon.

Legislative assembly
Legislative assembly is the name given in some countries to either a legislature, or to one of its houses.

The name is used by a number of countries, including member-states of the Commonwealth of Nations and other countries.  It is also used by their sub-national divisions, such as the Indian states and union territories, Australian states and Canadian provinces.
Pierre Scheemackers
Pierre Scheemackers (c.1728 - 1765) was a sculptor in mid-18th century Paris.

A member of the Scheemaeckers family of sculptors from Antwerp and of Flemish descent through both his parents, Pierre Scheemackers was born in London but grew up and worked as a sculptor in Paris where he was admitted to the Académie de Saint-Luc in 1755, and was later appointed teaching Professor there.

Pierre was the elder son of sculptor Henry Scheemakers (c.1686-1748) of London and Paris, nephew of sculptor Peter Scheemakers The Younger (1691-1781) of London, and grandson of sculptor Pieter Scheemaeckers of Antwerp.  Pierre's younger brother Thomas-Henry became known as sculptor Thomas Scheemakers (c.1740-1808) of London.

Pieter Scheemaeckers
Pieter Scheemaeckers, Pieter Scheemackers, Pieter Scheemaeckers I or Pieter Scheemaeckers the Elder (alternative spellings and form of first name: Peter, Peeter and Petrus) (1640, Antwerp  – 1714, Antwerp) was a Flemish sculptor who played an important role in the development of Baroque church sculpture in the late 17th-century Habsburg Netherlands. He was also known for his marble funerary monuments and small scale ivory works.  He was the father of Peter Scheemakers who became a leading sculptor of portraits and church monuments in 18th century London.
Otto Zimmermann
Otto Zimmermann (11 September 1892 – 24 July 1979) was a Swiss chess master.

He won Swiss Chess Championship at Interlaken 1924, and represented Switzerland in 1st unofficial Chess Olympiad at Paris 1924, where shared 8th in the Consolation Cup. He also participated in official Chess Olympiads at London 1927, Prague 1931, and Amsterdam 1954.

Zimmermann had his best results in the 1920s, when he tied for 2nd-3rd at Neuchâtel 1922, took 3rd at Bern 1923, shared 1st at Margate 1923 (B tournament), tied for 10–11th at Zurich 1925, took 2nd at Geneva 1926, and took 6th at Basel 1928.

After World War II, he played in several friendly matches: Switzerland vs. France (1946), vs. Argentina (1950), vs. Belgium (1950), vs. West Germany (1952).

He shared 3rd at Zurich Seniors 1962.

Chess Olympiad
The Chess Olympiad is a biennial chess tournament in which teams representing nations of the world compete. FIDE organises the tournament and selects the host nation. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, FIDE held an Online Chess Olympiad in 2020 and 2021, with a rapid time control that affected players' online ratings.
2012 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 2012 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 115th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896. The draw for the 2012 fixtures took place on 28 January 2012. The championship began on 11 May 2012 and ended on 7 October 2012.

Coolderry, the defending champions, were defeated in the quarter-final stages by St Rynagh's. Shamrocks were relegated from the championship. Kilcormac–Killoughey won the title following a 2–16 to 2–12 defeat of St Rynagh's in the final.

Offaly GAA
The Offaly County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Bord Contae Uíbh Fhailí de Chumann Lúthchleas Gael) or Offaly GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Offaly. Separate county boards are also responsible for the Offaly county teams.

The county hurling team won All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) titles during the 1980s and 1990s. The county football team won All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC) titles during the 1970s and 1980s.
Albert Olsson (writer)
Albert Olsson (1904 in Eslöv – 1994) was a Swedish writer and elementary school teacher. For most of his life he lived in Harplinge in the county of Halland, where he worked as a teacher, after graduating in 1924. He is mostly known for his novel trilogy about the farmer Tore Gudmarsson, published in the early 1940s and set in Halland in the 17th century, during the time when Halland switched hands from Denmark to Sweden.

Eslöv
Eslöv (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈěːslœv];) is a town and the seat of Eslöv Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 19,598 inhabitants as of 2018.

Eslöv is part of the Öresund Region, and the Malmö Metropolitan Area.
Bonapartists (political party)
The Bonapartist Party, typically shortened to just the Bonapartists, was the name given to a political party that took part to the May 1815 French legislative election but was disbanded following the Second Bourbon Restoration. Following the 1851 French coup d'état led by soon to be Napoleon III, the party was reformed and participated in four elections until being reduced to a minor party after the fall of Napoleon III in 1870.  The party became once again a major contender during the 1876 election, and remained a major contender until the 1885 election. Following the 1885 election, the party was merged into the Conservative Rally alliance in 1889 when it was finally disbanded.

Bourbon Restoration in France
The Bourbon Restoration was the period of French history during which the House of Bourbon returned to power after the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1814 and 1815. Exiled supporters of the monarchy returned to France, which had been profoundly changed by the French Revolution. Exhausted by the Napoleonic Wars, the kingdom experienced a period of internal and external peace, stable economic prosperity and the preliminaries of industrialisation. The July Revolution of 1830 effectively ended the restoration during the reign of Charles X, brother of the late King Louis XVI, leading to the July Monarchy and eventually the French Second Republic.
Clotrimazole/betamethasone dipropionate
Clotrimazole/betamethasone dipropionate, sold under the brand name Lotrisone among others, is a topical medication used for the treatment of fungal infections of the feet, groin, and body in people 17 years of age and older. It is a combination of clotrimazole and betamethasone dipropionate. It is applied to the skin.

Common side effects include paresthesia, rash, edema, and secondary infections.

In 2023, it was the 241st most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.<

Rash
A rash is a change of the skin that affects its color, appearance, or texture.

A rash may be localized in one part of the body, or affect all the skin. Rashes may cause the skin to change color, itch, become warm, bumpy, chapped, dry, cracked or blistered, swell, and may be painful.
The causes, and therefore treatments for rashes, vary widely. Diagnosis must take into account such things as the appearance of the rash, other symptoms, what the patient may have been exposed to, occupation, and occurrence in family members. The diagnosis may confirm any number of conditions.
The presence of a rash may aid diagnosis; associated signs and symptoms are diagnostic of certain diseases. For example, the rash in measles is an erythematous, morbilliform, maculopapular rash that begins a few days after the fever starts. It classically starts at the head, and spreads downwards.
Detroit Grand Prix
The title of Detroit Grand Prix (United States Grand Prix – East) was applied to the Formula One races held at the Detroit street circuit in Detroit, Michigan, United States of America from 1982 through 1988.

Detroit street circuit
The streets of Detroit, in the U.S. state of Michigan, hosted Formula One racing, and later Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART) racing, between the 1982 and 1991 seasons. The street circuit course was set up near the Renaissance Center and the Cobo Arena, also including a small part of the M-1 highway, also known as Woodward Avenue. It is a flat circuit, with elevation ranging from 577–604 ft (176–184 m) above sea level.

The circuit was reopened on June 2, 2023, for the IndyCar Detroit Grand Prix race weekend with a modified and shortened layout.
Dry Branch State Natural Area
Dry Branch State Natural Area is a small nature preserve located in Lewis, Hickman, and Perry counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee. The land was first designated as a natural area of interest in 1997 when it was owned by International Paper. The Nature Conservancy purchased the land from International Paper in 2006. It was turned over to the state in 2007 and designated as a State Natural Area. The area is protected due to the presence of rare ecosystems supporting the growth of endangered plants, including Tennessee yellow-eyed grass, which is found only in five other locations in the state.

June 2025, the state announced plans to be re-designate the natural area as a State Park and open it to the public. Picnic and camping areas, hiking trails, and educational facilities are planned. In October 2025, the Tennessee State Building Commission approved $16.5 million for construction of a ranger station, maintenance facilities, and infrastructure to support the new park.

The Nature Conservancy
The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a global environmental organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, United States. As of 2021, it works via affiliates or branches in 79 countries and territories, as well as across every state in the US.

Founded in 1951, The Nature Conservancy has over one million members globally as of 2021 and has protected more than 119 million acres (48 million ha) of land in its history. As of 2014, it is the largest environmental non-profit organization by assets and revenue in the Americas.