hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Solar eclipse of August 12, 1654
A total solar eclipse occurred on August 12, 1654. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide.

Angular diameter
The angular diameter, angular width, angular size, apparent diameter, or apparent size is an angular separation (in units of angle) describing how large a sphere or circle appears from a given point of view. In the vision sciences, it is called the visual angle, and in optics, it is the angular aperture (of a lens). The angular diameter can alternatively be thought of as the angular displacement through which an eye or camera must rotate to look from one side of an apparent circle to the opposite side.

A person can resolve with their naked eyes diameters down to about 1 arcminute (approximately 0.017° or 0.0003 radians). This corresponds to 0.3 m at a 1 km distance, or to perceiving Venus as a disk under optimal conditions.
Abhinav Manohar
Abhinav Manohar Sadarangani (born 16 September 1994) is an Indian cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut on 16 November 2021, for Karnataka in the preliminary quarter-finals of the 2021–22 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy, where he top-scored in the match with 70 not out. He made his List A debut on 19 December 2021, also for Karnataka, in the preliminary quarter-finals of the 2021–22 Vijay Hazare Trophy.

In February 2022, he was bought by the Gujarat Titans in the auction for the 2022 Indian Premier League tournament. In 2024, Abhinav was brought by Sunrisers Hyderabad in the IPL auction.

Gujarat Titans
The Gujarat Titans, also known as GT, are a professional Twenty20 cricket team based in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, that competes in the Indian Premier League (IPL). The home ground of the team is Narendra Modi Stadium in Ahmedabad. The franchise is owned by Torrent Group and CVC Capital Partners. The team is captained by Shubman Gill and coached by Ashish Nehra. They won their maiden title in their debut season in 2022 under captain Hardik Pandya and secured the runners-up position the following season, in 2023.
Gaillot
Gaillot is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albane Gaillot (born 1971), French politician

Bernard Gaillot (1780–1847), French painter

Jacques Gaillot (1935–2023), French Roman Catholic bishop and activist

Jean Baptiste Aimable Gaillot (1834–1921), French astronomer

Philippe Gaillot (footballer) (born 1965), French footballer

Albane Gaillot
Albane Gaillot (French pronunciation: [alban ɡajo]; born 7 July 1971) is a French politician who served as a member of the French National Assembly from 2017 to 2022, where she represented the 11th constituency of Val-de-Marne. From 2016 until 2019, she was a member of La République En Marche (LREM). In May 2020, she was one of 17 deputies who formed the new Ecology, Democracy, Solidarity group in the National Assembly.
Darren Lehto
Darren Lehto (born May 17, 1968) is a Canadian-American curler from Athabasca, Alberta.

He won the 2013 United States Men's Curling Championship, earning the chance to compete at the 2013 World Men's Championship in Victoria, British Columbia. They finished ninth at World's.

At the national level Lehto has also won the  2005 United States Mixed Curling Championship and the 2020 United States Senior Curling Championship. The latter means he will again play on the world level, representing the United States at the 2020 World Senior Curling Championships in Kelowna, British Columbia in April, 2020.

United States Senior Curling Championships
The United States Senior Curling Championships are the annual national curling championships for seniors in the United States. The United States Curling Association (USCA) defines seniors as adults over the age of 50. The champions go on to represent the United States at the World Senior Curling Championships. The USCA has held the Senior Championships since 2002, coinciding with the first year the World Senior Championships were held. Those first World Senior Championships were held in Bismarck, North Dakota and the American men won the gold medal.

The 2024 United States Men's Senior Championships was held February 7-11, 2024, at the Heather Curling Club in Mapleton, MN, and the 2024 United States Women's Senior Championships was held February 19-25, 2024, at the Circle City Curling Club in Anderson, IN.
Morley Baer
Morley Baer (April 5, 1916 – November 9, 1995), an American photographer and teacher, was born in Toledo, Ohio. Baer was head of the photography department at the San Francisco Art Institute, and known for his photographs of San Francisco's "Painted Ladies" Victorian houses, California buildings, landscape and seascapes.

Baer learned basic commercial photography in Chicago and honed his skills as a World War II United States Navy combat photographer.  Returning to civilian life, over the next few years he developed into "one of the foremost architectural photographers in the world," receiving important commissions from premier architects in post-war Central California.  In the early 1970s, influenced by a friendship with Edward Weston, Baer began to concentrate on his personal landscape art photography.  During the last decades of the 20th century, he also became a sought-after instructor in various colleges and workshops teaching the art of landscape photography.

Architectural photographers
Early architectural photographers include Roger Fenton, Francis Frith (Middle East and Britain), Samuel Bourne, Inclined Studio (India) and Albert Levy (United States and Europe). They led to the modern speciality of architectural photography. Later architectural photography had practitioners such as Ezra Stoller and Julius Shulman. Stoller worked mainly on the east coast of America, having graduated with a degree in architecture in the 1930s. Shulman, who was based on the West Coast, became an architectural photographer after some images that he had taken of one of Richard Neutra's houses in California made their way onto the architect's desk.
David Mba
David Mba is the vice chancellor of Birmingham City University, UK. He was awarded the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Ludwig Mond Prize in 2010 for his contributions to the chemical industry. He serves on the advisory board of the Association for Black and Minority Ethnic Engineers (AFBE-UK).

Institution of Mechanical Engineers
The Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) is an independent professional association and learned society headquartered in London, United Kingdom, that represents mechanical engineers and the engineering profession. With over 110,000 members in 140 countries, working across industries such as railways, automotive, aerospace, manufacturing, energy, biomedical and construction, the Institution is licensed by the Engineering Council to assess candidates for inclusion on its Register of Chartered Engineers, Incorporated Engineers and Engineering Technicians.

The Institution was founded at the Queen's Hotel, Birmingham, by George Stephenson in 1847. It received a Royal Charter in 1930. The Institution's headquarters, purpose-built for the Institution in 1899, is situated at No. 1 Birdcage Walk in central London.
Michael Musto
Michael Musto (born December 3, 1955) is an American journalist who has long been a prevalent presence in entertainment-related publications, as well as on websites and television shows. He is best known as a columnist for The Village Voice, where he wrote the La Dolce Musto column of gossip, nightlife, reviews, interviews, and political observations for almost three decades, starting in 1984. In 2021, he started writing articles about nightlife, movies, theater, NYC, and LGBTQ politics for the revived Village Voice, which returned as a print publication, with accompanying website, and now is web only.

His books are Downtown and Manhattan on the Rocks, as well as a compilation of selected columns published as La Dolce Musto: Writings By The World's Most Outrageous Columnist and a subsequent collection, Fork on the Left, Knife in the Back.

Review
A review is an evaluation of a publication, product, service, or company or a critical take on current affairs in literature, politics or culture. In addition to a critical evaluation, the review's author may assign the work a rating to indicate its relative merit.

Reviews can apply to a movie, video game, musical composition, book; a piece of hardware like a car, home appliance, or computer; or software such as business software, sales software; or an event or performance, such as a live music concert, play, musical theater show, dance show or art exhibition. Online review platforms also aim to provide a space where buyers can share authentic experiences—positive or negative—and businesses can use this feedback to improve their services. In the cultural sphere, The New York Review of Books, for instance, is a collection of essays on literature, culture, and current affairs.
Growing teratoma syndrome
Growing teratoma syndrome is a rare complication of teratoma that can occur when an immature testicular or ovarian germ cell teratoma is treated by chemotherapy.

The masses are benign, but can grow quickly. They are usually found in the retroperitoneum but can be in the lung, cervical lymph nodes, mediastinum, supraclavicular lymph nodes, inguinal lymph nodes, forearm, mesentery, liver, and pineal gland.

Retroperitoneal space
The retroperitoneal space (retroperitoneum) is the anatomical space (sometimes a potential space) behind (retro) the peritoneum. It has no specific delineating anatomical structures. Organs are retroperitoneal if they have peritoneum on their anterior side only. Structures that are not suspended by mesentery in the abdominal cavity and that lie between the parietal peritoneum and abdominal wall are classified as retroperitoneal.

This is different from organs that are not retroperitoneal, which have peritoneum on their posterior side and are suspended by mesentery in the abdominal cavity.

The retroperitoneum can be further subdivided into the following:

Perirenal (or perinephric) space

Anterior pararenal (or paranephric) space

Posterior pararenal (or paranephric) space
Ralph Woolsey
Ralph Woolsey (January 1, 1914 – March 23, 2018) was an American cinematographer. He won a Primetime Emmy Award in 1968 for his work on It Takes a Thief, after having been nominated twice for the television programs Maverick and 77 Sunset Strip.

Woolsey died on March 23, 2018 at the Motion Picture & Television Fund cottages in Woodland Hills, California, at the age of 104.

77 Sunset Strip
77 Sunset Strip is an American private detective crime drama television series created by Roy Huggins and starring Efrem Zimbalist Jr., Roger Smith, Richard Long (from 1960 to 1961) and Edd Byrnes (billed as Edward Byrnes). Each episode was one hour long when aired with commercials. The series aired on ABC from October 10, 1958, to February 7, 1964.
The character of detective Stuart Bailey was first used by writer Huggins in his 1946 novel The Double Take, later adapted into the 1948 film I Love Trouble.
Paddy McMinn
Francis Alexander McMinn (10 November 1874 – 8 August 1947), usually known as Alex or Paddy McMinn was a New Zealand rugby union player. Playing most of his rugby at hooker, McMinn represented Manawatu, Hawke's Bay and Wellington at a provincial level. He was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, in 1904, appearing in a single test match against the touring British Isles team. He was the son of Irish journalist Alexander McMinn, who established the Manawatu Evening Standard newspaper in 1880.

Manawatū Standard
The Manawatū Standard (formerly the Evening Standard) is the daily paper for the Manawatū region based in Palmerston North. The Manawatū Standard has been recognised as one of the best in New Zealand being a finalist in the 2008 Qantas Media Award (renamed to Voyager Media Awards after Voyager Internet Ltd stepped in as naming sponsor for the 2018 awards) for best regional daily newspaper; it won the same category in 2007. It also won Best Headline and Student Journalist of the Year at the Qantas Media Awards 2017.
Holmes Block
Holmes Block (78°13′S 161°35′E﻿ / ﻿78.217°S 161.583°E﻿ / -78.217; 161.583) is a blocklike bluff, rising to 1,855 metres (6,090 ft) at the west side of Ruecroft Glacier, 2 nautical miles (4 km) west of Cooke Bluff, in Victoria Land, Antarctica. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 1994 after John W. Holmes, a cartographer specialising in Antarctic mapping with the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Branch of Special Maps, 1951–77, and from 1977, assigned to the USGS Mapping Applications Center.

Victoria Land
Victoria Land is a region in eastern Antarctica which fronts the western side of the Ross Sea and the Ross Ice Shelf, extending southward from about 70°30'S to 78°00'S, and westward from the Ross Sea to the edge of the Antarctic Plateau. It was discovered by Captain James Clark Ross in January 1841 and named after Queen Victoria. The rocky promontory of Minna Bluff is often regarded as the southernmost point of Victoria Land, and separates the Scott Coast to the north from the Hillary Coast of the Ross Dependency to the south.
Herbert Goodman
Herbert Goodman (born August 31, 1977) is an American retired professional mixed martial artist and former NFL running back for the Green Bay Packers. A professional competitor from 2007 until 2011, Goodman competed for Bellator, M-1 Global and King of the Cage. He received his nickname, "Whisper" due to his soft-spoken personality.

M-1 Global
M-1 Global (Mixfight-1) or MMA-1 (Mixed martial arts-1) is a mixed martial arts promotion based in St. Petersburg, Russia which organizes between 10 and 20 competitions per year.

It hosted its first major show (rather than co-promoting with other organizations) entitled M-1 Global Presents Breakthrough on August 28, 2009 at Memorial Hall in Kansas City, Kansas.

M-1, in 2009, signed a contract to co-promote with Explosion Entertainment.
Lodore, Virginia
Lodore is a rural unincorporated community in northern Amelia County just south of the Appomattox River in the U.S. state of Virginia. It is located along SR 616 (S. Genito Road) at its intersection with the northern terminus of SR 636 (N. Lodore Road).

Appomattox River
The Appomattox River is a tributary of the James River, approximately 157 miles (253 km) long, in central and eastern Virginia, named for the Appomattocs Indian tribe who lived along its lower banks in the 17th century. It drains a cotton and tobacco-growing region of the Piedmont and coastal plain southwest of Richmond.
Aramis Ramírez
Aramis Nin Ramírez (/əˈrɑːmɪs/; born June 25, 1978) is a Dominican former professional baseball third baseman, who played 18 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Chicago Cubs, and Milwaukee Brewers. He was named an All-Star three times during his career.

He started his professional career with the Pirates in 1998, before being traded to the Chicago Cubs in 2003. On November 12, 2006, Ramírez signed a five-year deal with the Cubs. On December 12, 2011, he signed a three-year contract with the Milwaukee Brewers. On July 23, 2015, he was traded back to Pittsburgh exactly 12 years after they first traded him, where he would finish the remainder of his final season.

Range factor
Range Factor (commonly abbreviated RF) is a baseball statistic developed by Bill James. It is calculated by dividing putouts and assists by the number of innings or games played at a given defense position. The statistic is premised on the notion that the total number of outs in which a player participates is more relevant in evaluating that player's defensive play than the percentage of cleanly handled chances as calculated by the conventional statistic fielding percentage.

However, some positions (especially first baseman) may have substantially more putouts because of a superior infield around them that commits fewer errors and turns many double plays, allowing them to receive credit for more putouts. Also, catchers who have many strikeout pitchers on their team will have a high range factor, because the catcher gets the putout on a strikeout if the batter does not reach base.
Petrobrasaurus
Petrobrasaurus is a genus of herbivorous sauropod dinosaur. It is a titanosaur which lived during the upper Cretaceous period (Coniacian-Santonian age) in what is now Rincón de los Sauces, Patagonia, Argentina. It is known from the holotype MAU-Pv-PH-449 — a partial disarticulated skeleton recovered from the Plottier Formation (Neuquén Basin), Argentina. This genus was named by Leonardo S. Filippi, José Ignacio Canudo, Leonardo J. Salgado, Alberto C. Garrido, Rodolfo A. Garcia, Ignacio A. Cerda and Alejandro Otero in 2011, and the type species is Petrobrasaurus puestohernandezi. The generic name is derived from "Petrobras" (oil company) and saurus, "lizard". The specific name refers to the Puesto Hernández oil field, where the fossil remains were found.

Plottier Formation
The Plottier Formation is a geologic formation that outcrops in the Argentine Patagonian provinces of Río Negro and Neuquén. It is the younger of two formations belonging to the Río Neuquén Subgroup within the Neuquén Group of the Neuquén Basin, with the oldest rocks dating from the late Coniacian and its youngest maybe from the very start of the Santonian. Formerly, that subgroup was treated as a formation, and the Plottier Formation was known as the Plottier Member.
CNG carrier
Compressed natural gas (CNG) carrier ships are those designed for transportation of natural gas under high pressure. CNG carrier technology relies on high pressure, typically over 250 bar (2900 psi), to increase the density of the gas, but it is still 2.4 times less than that of LNG (426 kg/m3). CNG carriers may find their place abreast with the well established technology of liquefied natural gas by LNG carriers as it is economical for medium distance marine transport. Most of the energy consumed for the gas pressurisation can be recovered as electricity using turboexpander while delivering CNG to the inland piping network at unloading jetty/harbour. CNG carriers are also alternate solutions to the undersea pipelines as they have less complicated fast loading and unloading features.

Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.: 445  Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure.

Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per square metre (N/m2); similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in the imperial and US customary systems. Pressure may also be expressed in terms of standard atmospheric pressure; the unit atmosphere (atm) is equal to this pressure, and the torr is defined as 1⁄760 of this. Manometric units such as the centimetre of water, millimetre of mercury, and inch of mercury are used to express pressures in terms of the height of column of a particular fluid in a manometer.
James David Forbes
James David Forbes FRS FRSE FGS (1809–1868) was a Scottish physicist and glaciologist who worked extensively on the conduction of heat and seismology. Forbes was a resident of Edinburgh for most of his life, educated at its University and a professor there from 1833 until he became principal of the United College of St Andrews in 1859.

Dependent and independent variables
A variable is considered dependent if it depends on (or is hypothesized to depend on) an independent variable. Dependent variables are the outcome of the  test they depend, by some law or rule (e.g., by a mathematical function), on. Independent variables, on the other hand, are not seen as depending on any other variable in the scope of the experiment in question. Rather, they are controlled by the experimenter.
Druid's Head Inn
The Druid's Head Inn is a grade II listed building in the town centre of Monmouth, Monmouthshire, Wales. It is located in the historic Glendower Street and Chippenhamgate Street neighbourhood, within the medieval town walls. The building served as a public house during most of its history, but for the last several decades has been the headquarters of the Monmouth Rugby Football Club.

Monmouth town walls and defences
The Monmouth town walls and defences comprise the defensive system of town walls and gates built in Monmouth, Wales between 1297 and the early part of the following century. Wye Bridge Gate, East Gate (Dixton Gate), Monk's Gate, and Monnow Bridge Gate were access points to the town. West Gate, across Monnow Street, also provided access. Only the Monnow Bridge Gatehouse survives intact, albeit in a substantially modified version from the original.
Wetter (surname)
Wetter is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ernst Wetter (1877–1963), Swiss politician

Fabian Wetter (born 1989), German footballer

Friedrich Wetter (born 1928), German cardinal archbishop of Munich and Freising

Harry Wetter (1882–1934), Welsh international rugby union player

Herbert Wetter (1891–1966), Norwegian Olympic swimmer in Swimming at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's 1500 metre freestyle

Jack Wetter (1887–1967), Welsh international rugby union player

Paul Alan Wetter, American medical doctor

Jack Wetter
Jack Wetter DCM (29 December 1887 – 29 July 1967) was a Welsh international rugby union player who played club rugby predominantly for Newport. He was captain for both his club and country and earned 10 caps for Wales.

Wetter's rugby career was disrupted by the outbreak of World War I, in which he served. He was awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal during the conflict.
Go Open Source
Go Open Source was a campaign mainly concentrating on South Africa to create awareness of, educate about, and provide access to free/open-source software. The campaign was important in ensuring, once awareness of free and open source software was created, that interested parties had the ability to gain access to the software and services and that they have access to additional resources for support and training. The campaign contributed in planning for a transition to free/open-source software within the South African government. The campaign also launched the Geek Freedom League which is a group promoting free/open-source software to South Africa. As of May 2006 there are nearly 5000 South African members.

The campaign was launched by Mark Shuttleworth on behalf of Canonical, the CSIR's Meraka Institute, HP, and the Shuttleworth Foundation.

The Go Open Source campaign officially launched in May 2004 and completed its two-year run at the end of May 2006.

Mark Shuttleworth
Mark Richard Shuttleworth (born 18 September 1973) is a South African and British entrepreneur, founder and CEO of Canonical, the company behind the Ubuntu Linux operating system. In 2002, Shuttleworth became the first African to travel to space, doing so as a space tourist. He holds dual citizenship from South Africa and the United Kingdom. In 2020, the Sunday Times Rich List estimated Shuttleworth's net worth to be £500 million.