hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kamala Sohonie
Kamala Sohonie (18 June 1911 – 28 June 1998) was an Indian biochemist who in 1939 became the first Indian woman to receive a PhD in a scientific discipline. Her acceptance into and work at the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, paved the way for women to be accepted into the institution for the first time in  its history.

Her research delved into the effects of vitamins and into the nutritive values of pulses, paddy, and groups of food items consumed by some of the poorest sections of the Indian population. Her work on the nutritional benefits of the palm extract called 'Neera' was inspired by the then-president Rajendra Prasad's suggestion. Kamala Sohonie received the Rashtrapati Award for this work.

Neera
Neera, also called palm nectar, is a sap extracted from the inflorescence of various species of toddy palms and used as a drink.  Neera extraction is generally performed before sunrise. It is sweet, translucent in colour. It is susceptible to natural fermentation at ambient temperature within a few hours of extraction, and is also known as palm wine. Once fermented, Neera becomes toddy. Neera is widely consumed in India, Sri Lanka, Africa, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and Myanmar. Neera is not the juice made from palm fruit.

Neera requires neither mechanical crushing, as in the case of sugarcane, nor leaching, like beet-root; it is obtained by slicing the spathes of the coconut, sago, and Palmyra (Borassus flabellifer L.) palm, and scraping the tendermost part, just below the crown.

In Goa though, the word surr is used for toddy of the coconut palm, and nirau for the sweet juice extracted last from the cashew apple. The words are not interchangeable.
Bingo Shooting Device
The Bingo Shooting Device is a small mousetrap-like device used in novelty pranks and magic tricks. The device, invented by Sam S. Adams for S.S. Adams Novelties in 1907, consists of a hinge that is closed over a spring-loaded hammer. When the hinge is allowed to open, the hammer is released and strikes a percussion cap, causing a loud bang. The mechanism has been adapted to many prank items, including pens that explode when the cap is removed and toilet seats that explode when raised.

Hinge
A hinge is a mechanical bearing that connects two solid objects, typically allowing only a limited angle of rotation between them. Two objects connected by an ideal hinge rotate relative to each other about a fixed axis of rotation, and all other translations or rotations are prevented; thus a hinge has one degree of freedom. Hinges may be made of flexible material or moving components. In biology, many joints function as hinges, such as the elbow joint.

Hinges are frequently used on pivoting doors, but also are seen on folding ladders and many other flexible mechanisms such as automobile hoods (bonnets), and even large bridges.
Hammered (Motörhead album)
Hammered is the sixteenth studio album by British rock band Motörhead, released on 9 April 2002 via Steamhammer, their sixth with the label and beating the Bronze Records era total of original full-length album releases. It was also the beginning of distribution in North America, and other territories, under Sanctuary Records and their subsidiary Metal-Is.

SPV GmbH
SPV GmbH (short for Schallplatten Produktion und Vertrieb GmbH, "Vinyl Production and Distribution Company") is a German independent record label. Founded on 1 January 1984, it has slowly grown to be one of the largest independent distributors and record labels worldwide.

It has several sub-labels that it produces and distributes, including the labels Steamhammer (heavy metal, hard rock), Long Branch Records (alternative, indie, progressive rock, progressive metal, metalcore), Oblivion (darkwave, gothic), SPV Recordings (pop, rock), Cash Machine Records (hip hop), Select Records (urban), and Synthetic Symphony (industrial).

In November 2020, SPV was acquired by Napalm Records.
Tonga at the 2012 Summer Paralympics
Tonga participated in the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, United Kingdom, from August 29 to September 9, 2012. Their participation marked their fourth consecutive Summer Paralympics appearance since their début at the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney. Tonga was represented by the Tonga National Paralympic Committee, and was one of the 45 participating countries that sent only a single athlete. Tonga has always sent only a single athlete from Sydney 2000 to London 2012. Tonga National Paralympic Committee sent a delegation of three people, including one athlete. The sole athlete to represent the nation was ʻAloʻalo Liku, who participated in javelin and discus throw. Liku was the country's flag-bearer during the Games' opening ceremony. Tonga did not win a medal at these Games, however Liku finished with seasonal bests in both the events.

2012 Summer Paralympics opening ceremony
The 2012 Summer Paralympics opening ceremony was held on 29 August 2012, starting at 20:30 BST and marking the official opening of the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, England. The show, named Enlightenment, had Jenny Sealey and Bradley Hemmings as its artistic directors, leading a team that included Jon Bausor as set designer and Moritz Junge as costume designer. Queen Elizabeth II officially opened the Games. The ceremony was performed in the Olympic Stadium in London in front of a capacity audience of 80,000 people.
Pōmare I (Ngāpuhi)
Pōmare I (died 1826) was a New Zealand Māori rangatira (chief) of the Ngāti Manu hapū (subtribe) of the Ngāpuhi iwi (tribe). Formerly called Whētoi, he adopted the name of Pōmare, after the name of the king of Tahiti who had converted to Christianity. After his death he was called Pōmarenui ('Pōmare the Great') by Ngāti Manu in order to distinguish him from his nephew Whiria, who also took the name Pōmare.

The Ngāti Manu originally lived at Tautoro, south of Kaikohe, however disputes with the Ngāti Toki (Ngāti Wai) in Pōmare’s lifetime forced them to move and settle at Kororāreka, Matauwhi, Ōtūihu, Waikare and Te Kāretu on the southern shore of the Bay of Islands. Pōmare I established a pā at Matauwhi, near Kororāreka (now Russell), in what is now called Pōmare Bay.

Following the death of Pōmare I in 1826, his nephew Whiria adopted his uncle’s names, Whētoi and Pōmare, so Whiria is referred to as Pōmare II.

Hapū
In Māori and New Zealand English, a hapū ("subtribe", or "clan") functions as "the basic political unit within Māori society".  A Māori person can belong to or have links to many hapū. Historically, each hapū had its own chief and normally operated independently of its iwi (tribe).
Garthwaite Stadium
Garthwaite Stadium is a multi-sports venue in Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, in the USA. It has a capacity of 3,700 with its full name being the Albert A. Garthwaite Stadium Field. The stadium is named for the former President of Lee Tire & Rubber Company.

In 2012 the stadium was fully renovated with upgrades to the stands, facilities and the floodlights. The stadium hosts the Conshohocken Music Festival and was used by Toronto Wolfpack rugby league team for their reality programme Last Tackle.

Conshohocken, Pennsylvania
Conshohocken (/ˌkɒnʃəˈhɒkən/ KON-shə-HOK-ən; Lenape: Kanshihàkink) is a borough on the Schuylkill River in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania in suburban Philadelphia. Historically a large mill town and industrial and manufacturing center, after the decline of industry in recent years Conshohocken has developed into a center of riverfront commercial and residential development. In the regional slang, it is sometimes referred to by the colloquial nickname Conshy (/ˈkɒnʃi/ KON-shee).

As of the 2020 census, Conshohocken had a population of 9,261.

The sister community of West Conshohocken is located on the opposite side of the Schuylkill River.
Alice Springs Inland Dragway
23°47′55″S 133°52′11″E﻿ / ﻿23.79861°S 133.86972°E﻿ / -23.79861; 133.86972

Alice Springs Inland Dragway, also known as ASID is a motorsports complex located 13 km (8.1 mi) south of Alice Springs in the Northern Territory, Australia. Owned and operated by the Central Australian Drag Racing Association (CADRA), it is the only purpose-built quarter mile drag racing venue in regional Australia and is sanctioned by the Australian National Drag Racing Association (ANDRA) and Motorsport Australia.

Drag racing
Drag racing is a type of motor racing in which automobiles or motorcycles compete, usually two at a time, to be first to cross a set finish line. The race follows a short, straight course from a standing start over a measured distance, most commonly 1⁄4 mi (1,320 ft; 402 m), with a shorter, 1,000 ft (0.19 mi; 304.80 m) distance becoming increasingly popular, as it has become the standard for Top Fuel dragsters and Funny Cars, where some major bracket races and other sanctioning bodies have adopted it as the standard. The 1⁄8 mi (660 ft; 201 m) is also popular in some circles. Electronic timing and speed sensing systems have been used to record race results since the 1960s.

The history of automobiles and motorcycles being used for drag racing is nearly as long as the history of motorized vehicles themselves, and has taken the form of both illegal street racing and as a regulated motorsport.
Sobo Katamuki Prefectural Natural Park (Miyazaki)
Sobo Katamuki Prefectural Natural Park (祖母傾県立自然公園, Sobo Katamuki kenritsu shizen kōen) was a Prefectural Natural Park in northern Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. In 2017 it was incorporated into the Sobo, Katamuki and Okue Biosphere Reserve.

Established in 1958, the park spanned the municipalities of Hinokage, Nobeoka, and Takachiho. The park encompasses the Gokasho plateau, stretches of the Hinokage and Mōnose rivers, and Mount Mukabaki (行縢山).

Nobeoka
Nobeoka (延岡市, Nobeoka-shi) is a city located in the north of Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2023, the city had an estimated population of 113,367 in 51272 households, and a  population density of 130 persons per km². The total area of the city is 868.02 km2 (335.14 sq mi).
Utsavam (1975 film)
Utsavam (transl. Special occasion) is a 1975 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by I. V. Sasi and written by Sherif. It is the directorial debut of Sasi. The film stars K. P. Ummer, Vincent, Srividya, Sankaradi, Raghavan, M. G. Soman and Sukumaran. It was released on 21 November 1975.

Utsava
Utsava (Sanskrit: उत्सव, lit. 'special occasion'), also referred to as Utsavam, generally means a festival or celebration or any joyous occasion, mostly associated with Hinduism. It also carries the meaning of delight, merriment and pleasure. The Sanskrit word utsava comes from the word "ut" meaning "removal" and "sava" which means "worldly sorrows" or "grief". According to Hindu tradition, utsava are specific to festivals associated with temples.

According to the Agamas, the daily rituals are called Nityotsava, weekly festivals as Varotsava, monthly as Masotsava, alignment with stars as rkotsava and annual festivals as Mahotsava or Brahmotsava. Most of the temple towns in South India have prakarams and streets that accommodate an elaborate festival calendar in which dramatic processions circumambulate the shrines at varying distances from the centre. The temple chariots used in processions are progressively larger in size based on the size of the concentric streets.
Brzegi, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Brzegi [ˈbʐɛɡi] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sobków, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-west of Sobków, 14 km (9 mi) north-east of Jędrzejów, and 22 km (14 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Sobków
Sobków [ˈsɔpkuf] is a town in Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Sobków. It lies in historic Lesser Poland, approximately 14 km (9 mi) north-east of Jędrzejów and 24 km (15 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

The village is located on the left bank of the Nida river. Sobkow has a railway station, which is located three kilometers northwest of the village, along a main line from Kraków to Kielce.
Independence Airport
Independence Airport (FAA LID: 2O7) is a public airport located one mile (1.6 km) north of Independence, serving Inyo County, California, United States. It has two runways and is mostly used for general aviation. The airport is a base for the Bureau of Land Management when fighting wildfires in the Eastern Sierra.

Independence, California
Independence  is an unincorporated census-designated place in and the county seat of Inyo County, California. Independence is located 41 miles (66 km) south-southeast of Bishop, at an elevation of 3930 feet (1198 m).  The population of this census-designated place was 593 at the 2020 census, down from 669 at the 2010 census.
10-deacetylbaccatin III 10-O-acetyltransferase
In enzymology, a 10-deacetylbaccatin III 10-O-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.167) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

acetyl-CoA + 10-deacetylbaccatin III  CoA + baccatin III

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acetyl-CoA and 10-deacetylbaccatin III, whereas its two products are CoA and baccatin III.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:taxan-10beta-ol O-acetyltransferase. This enzyme participates in diterpenoid biosynthesis.

Coenzyme A
Coenzyme A (CoA, SHCoA, CoASH) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. Every genome sequenced to date encodes enzymes that use coenzyme A as a substrate, and around 4% of cellular enzymes use it (or a thioester) as a substrate. In humans, CoA biosynthesis requires cysteine, pantothenate (vitamin B5), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

In its acetyl form, coenzyme A is a highly versatile molecule, serving metabolic functions in both the anabolic and catabolic pathways. Acetyl-CoA is utilised in the post-translational regulation and allosteric regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase and carboxylase to maintain and support the partition of pyruvate synthesis and degradation.
Youstin Salas
Youstin Delfín Salas Gómez (Latin American Spanish: [ˈjus.tin delˈfin ˈsa.las ˈɡo.mes]; born 17 June 1996) is a Costa Rican professional footballer who plays as a midfielder or right-back for A-League Men club Brisbane Roar, on loan from Sporting San José.

2018–19 Liga FPD
The 2018–19 Liga FPD season, also known as Campeonato Banco Popular for sponsorship reasons, is the 98th since its establishment. The tournament is the second since the 2006–07 season to use the Apertura and Clausura names to their short tournaments, marking a departure from the Invierno and Verano tournaments.

The Voit Lummo is the official match ball of the tournament. Deportivo Saprissa are the defending champions, after defeating Herediano in the Clausura 2018 tournament.
Thomas A. Wynn
Thomas A Wynn is an immunologist specializing in macrophage-mediated fibrosis in helminth infections.

He received a PhD in the department of microbiology and immunology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Medical School He then did post-doctoral work with Dr. Alan Sher in the laboratory of parasitic diseases at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. He is now a senior investigator in NIAID.

Wynn is a fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology and has received the Oswaldo Cruz Medal of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation and the Bailey K. Ashford Medal of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH) is an Arlington, Virginia-based non-profit organization of scientists, clinicians, students and program professionals whose longstanding mission is to promote global health through the prevention and control of infectious and other diseases that disproportionately afflict the global poor. ASTMH members work in areas of research, health care and education that encompass laboratory science,  international field studies,  clinical care and country-wide programs of disease control. The current organization was formed in 1951 with the amalgamation of the American Society of Tropical Medicine, founded in 1903, and the National Malaria Society, founded in 1941.

ASTMH has more than 2,700 members from all regions of the world including North America, South America, Europe, Asia and Africa. The Society publishes The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, a monthly scientific publication.
The Definitive Vince Guaraldi
The Definitive Vince Guaraldi is Fantasy/Concord Records compilation album of songs by American jazz pianist/composer Vince Guaraldi released on November 3, 2009. It contains 31 tracks over two CDs, highlighting Guaraldi's Peanuts work as well his collaborations with guitarist Bola Sete.

The album was released on 180-gram vinyl on November 20, 2015 as a 4-LP box set.

As the release was label-specific containing material Guaraldi recorded for Fantasy Records, it excludes tracks from Guaraldi's three Warner Bros.-Seven Arts releases (Oh Good Grief!, The Eclectic Vince Guaraldi, Alma-Ville) as well as Vince Guaraldi with the San Francisco Boys Chorus (1967) released on Guaraldi's own D&D record label. Guaraldi's three Warner Bros. albums were released separately by Omnivore Recordings as part of the 2-disc set The Complete Warner Bros.–Seven Arts Recordings in July 2018.

Fantasy Records
Fantasy Records is an American independent record label company founded by brothers Max and Sol Stanley Weiss in 1949. The early years of the company were dedicated to issuing recordings by jazz pianist Dave Brubeck, who was also one of its investors, but in more recent years the label has been known for its recordings of comedian Lenny Bruce, jazz pianist Vince Guaraldi, the last recordings made on the Wurlitzer organ in the San Francisco Fox Theatre before the theatre was demolished, organist Korla Pandit, the 1960s rock band Creedence Clearwater Revival, bandleader Woody Herman, and disco and R&B singer Sylvester.
Miguel Rangel (politician)
Miguel Machado da Silva Rangel da Fonseca (born 24 November 1975) is a Portuguese politician who currently serves as Secretary-General of the Liberal Initiative, being the interim party leader since the resignation of Rui Rocha, in May 2025. He is also a Member of the Assembly of the Republic from Porto, being elected after the 2025 legislative election.

Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)
The Assembly of the Republic (Portuguese: Assembleia da República, pronounced [ɐsẽˈblɐjɐ ðɐ ʁɛˈpuβlikɐ]), commonly referred to as simply Parliament (Portuguese: Parlamento), is the unicameral parliament of Portugal. According to the Constitution of Portugal, the parliament "is the representative assembly of all Portuguese citizens". The constitution names the assembly as one of the country's sovereignty bodies.

It meets in São Bento Palace, the historical site of an old Benedictine monastery. The palace has been the seat of the Portuguese parliaments since 1834 (Cortes until 1910, Congress from 1911 to 1926 and National Assembly from 1933 to 1974).
Esther Mwombe
Esther Mwombe (born 10 April 1987) is a retired Kenyan female volleyball player.

She was part of the Kenya women's national volleyball team at the 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship in Japan. She played with Kenya Prisons.

2010 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship
The 2010 FIVB Women's World Championship was the sixteenth edition of the competition. Like the previous tournament, the 2010 edition also was held from 29 October to 14 November 2010 in Japan, though the range of venues and locations was modified slightly (Matsumoto and Hamamatsu replaced Sapporo and Kobe in 2010). Twenty-four teams participated in the tournament.

The tournament was won by Russia, who finished with a perfect record, defeating Brazil in the intense final game. Japan defeated the United States for the third place, winning their first bronze medal in the tournament history, and the first medal since 1978, having so far three gold and three silver already to their name. Russia won its second straight title, while Brazil was prevented from achieving a volleyball double of winning both the men's championship and the women's championship in the same year.

Russia's towering outside hitter Yekaterina Gamova was named the tournament's Most Valuable Player.
Well logging
Well logging, also known as borehole logging is the practice of making a detailed record (a well log) of the geologic formations penetrated by a borehole.  The log may be based either on visual inspection of samples brought to the surface (geological logs) or on physical measurements made by instruments lowered into the hole (geophysical logs).  Some types of geophysical well logs can be done during any phase of a well's history: drilling, completing, producing, or abandoning. Well logging is performed in boreholes drilled for the oil and gas, groundwater, mineral and geothermal exploration, as well as part of environmental, scientific and geotechnical studies.

Geotechnical engineering
Geotechnical engineering, also known as geotechnics, is the branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials. It uses the principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics to solve its engineering problems. It also relies on knowledge of geology, hydrology, geophysics, and other related sciences.

Geotechnical engineering has applications in military engineering, mining engineering, petroleum engineering, coastal engineering, and offshore construction. The fields of geotechnical engineering and engineering geology have overlapping knowledge areas. However, while geotechnical engineering is a specialty of civil engineering, engineering geology is a specialty of geology.
Australian gold rushes
During the Australian gold rushes, starting in 1851, significant numbers of workers moved from elsewhere in Australia and overseas to where gold had been discovered. Gold had been found several times before, but the colonial government of New South Wales (Victoria did not become a separate colony until 1 July 1851) had suppressed the news out of the fear that it would reduce the workforce and destabilise the economy.

The Australian gold rushes changed the convict colonies into more progressive cities with the influx of free immigrants.

After the California Gold Rush began in 1848, many people went there from Australia, so the New South Wales government sought approval from the British Colonial Office for the exploitation of mineral resources, and offered rewards for finding gold.

History of Victoria
The history of Victoria refers to the history of the Australian state of Victoria and the area's preceding Indigenous and British colonial societies.

Before British colonisation of Australia, many Aboriginal peoples lived in the area now known as Victoria. After the first Europeans settled there in October 1803, in September 1836 the area became part of the colony of New South Wales, known as the District of Port Phillip. In July 1851, the District of Port Phillip was established as its own colony, becoming the Colony of Victoria, with its own government within the British Empire. During the 1850s, gold was discovered in Clunes and Buninyong in Ballarat in 1851, which was the start of the Victorian Gold Rush. In 1901 it became a state of the Commonwealth of Australia.