hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tatyana Ledovskaya
Tatyana Mikhailovna Ledovskaya (Belarusian: Таццяна Міхайлаўна Ледаўская, Russian: Татьяна Михайловна Ледовская; born 21 May 1966 in Shchyokino, Tula Oblast) is a retired athlete who competed mainly in the 400 metres hurdles. She represented the Soviet Union and later Belarus, training in Minsk.

Tula Oblast
Tula Oblast (Russian: Ту́льская о́бласть, romanized: Tulʹskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. It is geographically located in European Russia and is administratively part of the Central Federal District, covering an area of 25,700 square kilometers (9,900 sq mi). It has a population of 1,553,925 (2010 census). Tula is the largest city and the administrative center of the oblast.

Tula Oblast borders Moscow Oblast in the north, Ryazan in the east, Lipetsk in the southeast, Oryol in the southwest, and Kaluga in the west. Tula Oblast is one of the most developed and urbanized territories in Russia, and the majority of the territory forms the Tula-Novomoskovsk Agglomeration, an urban area with a population of over 1 million.
Redinho
Tom Calvert, better known by his stage name Redinho, is an English musician, DJ, and producer from London. Calvert produced Swet Shop Boys' debut album Cashmere and Sufi LA, and performed with them on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert in New York, and directed their live performance on BBC Radio 1. Calvert was also the member of Hudson Mohawke's live band on the Lantern album campaign, and produced Riz Ahmed's 2020 album The Long Goodbye.

Kossisko
Kossisko Konan (born 1991/1992), known mononymously as Kossisko and formerly known as 100s, is an American singer and rapper from Berkeley, California. In 2012, Kossisko, as rapper 100s, released their debut mixtape Ice Cold Perm. They were signed to Fool's Gold Records in June 2013. Following the release of the single "Ten Freaky Hoes", it was announced that Kossisko would be releasing their second mixtape, an EP titled Ivry, which was released on March 7, 2014, via Fool's Gold. It featured a greater g-funk and disco influence than their debut mixtape. At the start of 2015, they retired the 100s persona and now performs under the name Kossisko (which is their birth name). As Kossisko, they released their first single "This May Be Me" on February 17, 2015. The track was premiered by The Fader. Later that year, Kossisko released their debut EP, Red White N Cruel. In 2016, Kossisko launched a crowdfunding campaign to help fund their work on a short horror film titled '2037.'
Royal Watercolour Society
The Royal Watercolour Society is a British institution of painters working in watercolours. The Society is a centre of excellence for water-based media on paper, which allows for a diverse and interesting range of approaches to the medium of watercolour. Its members, or associates, use the post-nominal initials RWS and ARWS (associate member). They are elected by the membership, with typically half a dozen new associates joining the Society each year.

John Glover (artist)
John Glover RBA (18 February 1767 – 9 December 1849) was an English-born artist. In later life he migrated to Van Diemen’s Land and became a pastoralist during the early colonial period. He has been dubbed "the father of Australian landscape painting."
Cuddy Buddy
"Cuddy Buddy" (also called "Cutty Buddy") is the second single from Mike Jones' second album The Voice. The single version features Trey Songz, Lil Wayne and Twista. The album version features T-Pain instead of Songz. It was produced by Bigg D and Jim Jonsin. The song samples Keith Sweat's "How Deep is Your Love".

It was released to radio stations on May 19, 2008.

Keith Sweat
Keith Douglas Sweat (born July 22, 1961) is an American singer, producer and songwriter. An early figure in the new jack swing musical movement, he is known for his collection of hits including "I Want Her," "Make It Last Forever," "I'll Give All My Love to You," "Make You Sweat," "Get Up on It," "Twisted," "Nobody." He has released 13 solo albums (two as a part of the R&B supergroup LSG) and discovered the groups Silk and Kut Klose.  Sweat's sound reportedly was influenced by Slave front man Steve Arrington and go-go music.
Microsoft Remote Web Workplace
The Remote Web Workplace is a feature of Microsoft's Windows Small Business Server, Windows Home Server 2011, and the midsize business-focused product, Windows Essential Business Server, which enables existing users to log into a front-end network-facing interface of the small business/home server.

After logging into Remote Web Workplace (using their usual Windows domain username and password) a user can access enabled features of the Small Business Server or Essential Business Server such as Outlook Web App, viewing of SharePoint pages and (if a machine is running and allows it) full remote control of client machines connected to server's network.

Outlook on the web
Outlook on the web (formerly Outlook Web App and Outlook Web Access) is a personal information manager web app from Microsoft. It is a web-based version of Microsoft Outlook, and is included in Exchange Server and Exchange Online (a component of Microsoft 365.)

It can be freely accessed from any web browser whether inside or outside an organization's network, and includes a web email client, a calendar tool, a contact manager, and a task manager. It also includes add-in integration, Skype on the web, and alerts as well as unified themes that span across all the web apps.
Croajingolong National Park
The Croajingolong National Park is a coastal national park located in the East Gippsland region of the Australian state of Victoria. The 88,355-hectare (218,330-acre) national park is situated approximately 450 kilometres (280 mi) east of Melbourne and 500 kilometres (310 mi) south of Sydney.

The name Croajingolong derives from the Australian Aboriginal Krauatungalung words galung, meaning "belonging to" and kraua, meaning "east".

Gunaikurnai language
The Gunaikurnai or Gunai/Kurnai (/ˈɡʌnaɪkɜːrnaɪ/ GUN-eye-kur-nye) language, also spelt Gunnai, Kurnai, Ganai, Gaanay, or Kurnay /ˈkɜːrnaɪ/ KUR-nye) is an Australian Aboriginal dialect cluster of the Gunaikurnai people in Gippsland in south-east Victoria.  Bidawal was either a divergent dialect or a closely related language.
Ajam (maqam)
‘Ajam (Turkish: Acem) is the name of a maqam (musical mode) in Arabic, Turkish, and related systems of music. Ajam (عجم) in this usage means "Persian".

The maqam Ajam is constructed of two Ajam trichords with "whole step-whole step" pitch intervals and spacing similar to the 1-2-3 (or 5-6-7) scale degrees found in an equal-tempered Western major scale (although the Ajam trichord's third scale degree may be tuned just slightly flat of an equal-tempered third).  Because most uses of these Ajam trichords place the next (fourth) scale step a halfstep above the last (third) scale step of the Ajam trichord, the result is essentially the same as the "whole step—whole step—half step" tetrachord construction of the Western major scale, and thus the maqam Ajam sounds generally the same as the major scale in Western music.

On F (notated C in Turkish music), Ajam is known as Jaharkah (in Turkish: Çârgâh, see also Chahargah (mode)).

12 equal temperament
12 equal temperament (12-ET) is a musical system that divides the octave into 12 parts, all of which are equally tempered (equally spaced) on a logarithmic scale, with a ratio equal to the 12th root of 2 ( ≈ 1.05946). That resulting smallest interval, 1⁄12 the width of an octave, is called a semitone or half step.

Twelve-tone equal temperament is the most widespread system in music today. It has been the predominant tuning system of Western music, starting with classical music, since the 18th century. It has also been used in other cultures.

In modern times, 12-ET is usually tuned relative to a standard pitch of 440 Hz, called A440, meaning one note, A4 (the A in the 4th octave of a typical 88-key piano), is tuned to 440 hertz and all other notes are defined as some multiple of semitones apart from it, either higher or lower in frequency. The standard pitch has not always been 440 Hz. It has varied and generally risen over the past few hundred years.
Sam Houston Bearkats women's basketball
For information on all Sam Houston State University sports, see Sam Houston Bearkats

The Sam Houston Bearkats women's basketball team is the women's basketball team that represents Sam Houston State University in Huntsville, Texas. The Bearkats are members of Conference USA. Sam Houston joined the Western Athletic Conference on July 1, 2021 after playing the previous 34 seasons in the Southland Conference, the Bearkats played in the WAC until the conclusion of the 2023 season. The Bearkats are currently coached by Ravon Justice.

Sam Houston State University
Sam Houston State University (Sam Houston, SHSU or Sam) is a public research university in Huntsville, Texas, United States. Founded in 1879, it is the third-oldest public college or university in Texas. It is one of the first normal schools west of the Mississippi River and the first in Texas. The school is named for statesman Sam Houston, who made his home in the city and is buried there.

SHSU is a member of the Texas State University System and has an enrollment of more than 20,000 students across over 80 undergraduate, 59 master's, and 10 doctoral degree programs. It also offers more than 20 online bachelor's and graduate degrees. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity."
2024 US Open – Girls' singles
Mika Stojsavljevic won the girls' singles title at the 2024 US Open, defeating Wakana Sonobe in the final, 6–4, 6–4. Stojsavljevic became the second British player to win the girls' singles title, after Heather Watson in 2009.

Katherine Hui was the reigning champion, but was no longer eligible to compete in junior events.

Ksenia Efremova
Ksenia Efremova (born 28 April 2009) is a French tennis player. She has a career-high WTA singles ranking of No. 575 achieved on 5 January 2026 and a doubles ranking of No. 1,344 reached on 10 November 2025.

Efremova won the girls' singles title at the 2026 Australian Open.
Ivona Ćavar
Ivona Ćavar (born 19 October 1995 in Split, Croatia) is a leading women's Bosnian karate competitor.

In June 2021, she competed at the World Olympic Qualification Tournament held in Paris, France hoping to qualify for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. In November 2021, she competed in the women's 68 kg event at the 2021 World Karate Championships held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

She competed in the women's kumite 68 kg event at the 2022 European Karate Championships held in Gaziantep, Turkey. She also competed in the women's 68 kg event at the 2023 European Karate Championships held in Guadalajara, Spain.

Bosnians
Bosnians (Bosnian: Bosanci / Босанци; sg. masc. Bosanac / Босанац, fem. Bosanka / Босанкаcode: bos promoted to code: bs ) are people native to the country of Bosnia and Herzegovina, especially the region of Bosnia. The term is used regardless of ethnic or cultural affiliation. The term Bosnian refers to all inhabitants/citizens of the country, though people from the region of Herzegovina may prefer the demonym Herzegovinian. The term can also be used as a designation for anyone who is descended from Bosnia.

Bosnian as a demonym is a nationality and does not imply any specific ethnic group. The term should not be confused with the ethnonym Bosniak, which refers to the largest ethnic group in the country. The native ethnic groups of Bosnia and Herzegovina are Bosniaks, Bosnian Serbs and Bosnian Croats.
Glabrene
Glabrene is an isoflavonoid that is found in Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice). It has estrogenic activity, showing estrogenic effects on breast, vascular, and bone tissue, and hence is a phytoestrogen (IC50 for estrogen receptor binding = 1 μM). It has also been found to act as a tyrosinase inhibitor (IC50 = 3.5 μM) and to inhibit the formation of melanin in melanocytes, and for these reasons, has been suggested as a potential skin-lightening agent.

Melanocyte
Melanocytes are melanin-producing neural crest-derived cells located in the bottom layer (the stratum basale) of the skin's epidermis, the middle layer of the eye (the uvea), the inner ear, vaginal epithelium, meninges, bones, and heart found in many mammals and birds. Melanin is a dark pigment primarily responsible for skin color. Once synthesized, melanin is contained in special organelles called melanosomes which can be transported to nearby keratinocytes to induce pigmentation. Thus darker skin tones have more melanosomes present than lighter skin tones. Functionally, melanin serves as protection against UV radiation. Melanocytes also have a role in the immune system.
Harvest Remixes
Harvest Remixes is a remix album by Dragon Ash released in 2004. It includes remixes of ten tracks from their previous album, Harvest. The remixes were produced by the duo of Kj and BOTS from Dragon Ash under the name Fellows Inc. with help from other members Makoto Sakurai and Hiroki (who together called themselves Tekunokusu and have since formed endive). Other remixers include Dry & Heavy, Ganja Kru, and 3rd Force. The latter two may not have been actually involved, rather the songs might have been produced in the style of their music.

Harvest Remixes was also released as a vinyl LP on April 7, 2004, following the trend of their other analogue format releases in 2000.

Remix album
A remix album is an album consisting of remixes or rerecorded versions of an artist's earlier released material. The first act who employed the format was American singer-songwriter Harry Nilsson (Aerial Pandemonium Ballet, 1971). As of 2007, the best-selling remix album of all time is Michael Jackson's Blood on the Dance Floor: HIStory in the Mix (1997).
SS Benjamin Chew
SS Benjamin Chew was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Benjamin Chew, a fifth-generation American, a Quaker-born legal scholar, a prominent and successful Philadelphia lawyer, head of the Pennsylvania Judiciary System under both Colony and Commonwealth, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Province of Pennsylvania. Chew was well known for his precision and brevity in making legal arguments as well as his excellent memory, judgment, and knowledge of statutory law. Chew lived and practiced law in Philadelphia, four blocks from Independence Hall, and provided pro bono his knowledge of substantive law to America's Founding Fathers during the creation of the United States Constitution and Bill of Rights.

Substantive law
Substantive law is the set of laws that governs how members of a society are to behave. It is contrasted with procedural law, which is the set of procedures for making, administering, and enforcing substantive law. Substantive law defines rights and responsibilities in civil law, and crimes and punishments in criminal law, substantive equality or substantive due process. It may be codified in statutes or exist through precedent in common law. Substantive laws, which govern outcomes, are contrasted with procedural laws, which govern procedure.

Henry Sumner Maine said of early law, "So great is the ascendency of the Law of Actions in the infancy of Courts of Justice, that substantive law has at first the look of being gradually secreted in the interstices of procedure; and the early lawyer can only see the law through the envelope of its technical forms."
Testure
"Testure" is a song by Canadian electro-industrial band Skinny Puppy, taken from its 1988 album VIVIsectVI and released as a single in 1989. "Testure" was the group's first and last song to chart on Billboards's Dance Club Songs, and it was accompanied with a controversial music video.

Steven R. Gilmore
Steven R. Gilmore is a Canadian artist and graphic designer most known for his work on album cover design, particularly his role as in-house artist for Nettwerk Records for much of the 1980s and 1990s.  He has designed record album sleeves for bands such as Skinny Puppy, Nickelback, A Perfect Circle, BT, Machines of Loving Grace, Static-X, and Two Steps from Hell.
The Chinese Gold Murders
The Chinese Gold Murders is a gong'an historical mystery novel written by Robert van Gulik and set in Imperial China (roughly speaking the Tang dynasty). It is a fiction based on the real character of Judge Dee (Ti Jen-chieh or Di Renjie), a magistrate and statesman of the Tang court, who lived roughly 630–700.

The book includes a map of the fictional town of Peng-lai.

Di Renjie
Di Renjie (630 – November 11, 700), courtesy name Huaiying (懷英), posthumous name Duke Wenhui of Liang (梁文惠公), was a Chinese politician of the Tang and Wu Zhou dynasties, twice serving as chancellor during the reign of Wu Zetian. He was one of the most celebrated officials of Wu Zetian's reign. Di Renjie is depicted in the Wu Shuang Pu by Jin Guliang.
Pulmonic-contour click
Pulmonic-contour clicks, also called sequential linguo-pulmonic consonants, are consonants that transition from a click to an ordinary pulmonic sound, or more precisely, have an audible delay between the front and rear release of the click. All click types (alveolar ǃ, dental ǀ, lateral ǁ, palatal ǂ, retroflex 𝼊 and labial ʘ) have linguo-pulmonic variants, which occur as both stops and affricates, and are attested in four phonations: tenuis, voiced, aspirated, and murmured (breathy voiced). At least a voiceless linguo-pulmonic affricate is attested from all Khoisan languages of southern Africa (the Khoe, Tuu, and Kxʼa language families), as well as (reportedly) from the Bantu language Yeyi from the same area, but they are unattested elsewhere.

Pulmonic consonant
A pulmonic consonant is a consonant produced by air pressure from the lungs, as opposed to ejective, implosive and click consonants.

Most languages have only pulmonic consonants. Ian Maddieson, in his survey of 566 languages, found that only 152 had ejectives, implosives, or clicks (or two or three of these types) – that is, 73% of the world's extant languages have only pulmonic consonants. See glottalic consonants and click consonants for more information on the distribution of nonpulmonic consonants.
North Sheen Cemetery
North Sheen Cemetery is a cemetery in Kew  in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames (historically in North Sheen, Surrey). It is managed by Hammersmith and Fulham Council.

The cemetery, which adjoins Mortlake Road (the A205 or South Circular Road) and Lower Richmond Road (the A316), opened in 1909 and is still in use. It is also known as Fulham New Cemetery as it provided burials for the then Metropolitan Borough of Fulham when the old Fulham Cemetery on Fulham Palace Road was full. It has a grid layout of paths and had a temporary chapel, which was replaced by a small red brick chapel in 1931. The chapel is in the gothic style, designed by Arthur Holden, Fulham Borough Surveyor & Engineer, with stained glass by Antoine Acket (1918–1981) added in 1953.

The cemetery includes 111 identified graves of Commonwealth service personnel in World War I and the World War II and a memorial garden.

A316 road
The A316 (known in parts as the Great Chertsey Road) is a major road in England, which runs from the A315 Chiswick High Road, Turnham Green, Chiswick to join head-on the M3 motorway at Sunbury-on-Thames.  Its initial London section Chiswick Lane (to the Hogarth Roundabout) heads south – following this it is a mostly straight dual carriageway aligned WSW.
Historisk-philosophiske Samlinger
Historisk-philosophiske Samlinger (Historical-Philosophical Collections) was a Norwegian journal published by the Norwegian Society for Development (Selskabet for Norges Vel)  from 1811 to 1813.

Publications in the journal especially included submissions by winners of the Norwegian Society for Development Prize. Among others, these include Nicolai Wergeland's prize-winning composition arguing for a separate Norwegian university in Christiania, Mnemosyne, which was published in 1811. Bishop Johan Ernst Gunnerus's older treatment of the same subject was also published in the journal in 1812. Some of Niels Hertzberg's meteorological measurements were also published in the journal.

The journal's editor was Ludvig Stoud Platou, who was also chairman of the society's historical-philosophical section. The society also published the newspaper Budstikken.

Johan Ernst Gunnerus
Johan Ernst Gunnerus (26 February 1718 – 25 September 1773) was a Norwegian bishop and botanist.  Gunnerus was born at Christiania. He was bishop of the Diocese of Nidaros from 1758 until his death and also a professor of theology at the University of Copenhagen.
Showtime Steppers
The Showtime Steppers are a nationally recognized step team, and the first professional step team of its kind. The group, which originated from a Fort Worth, Texas high school, was professionally founded by Jenerian "El Hadjo" Young, and is currently being led by  Shane "Mr. Showtime" Wilson. This group has become one of the most established professional step teams in America, and is widely known as "America's Favorite Step Team". The group has performed several times on national television, and has performed live for Kirk Franklin, President Barack Obama and his family, Ne-Yo, Pretty Ricky, Trey Songz, Nick Cannon, Lil' Fizz, Deitrick Haddon, Fonzworth Bentley, and Tonex.

Nick Cannon
Nicholas Scott Cannon (born October 8, 1980) is an American comedian, television presenter, actor, and rapper. In television, he began his career as a teenager on Nickelodeon's All That before going on to host The Nick Cannon Show, Wild 'n Out, America's Got Talent, Lip Sync Battle Shorties, and The Masked Singer. He has also acted in the films Drumline, Love Don't Cost a Thing, Roll Bounce, and Goal II: Living the Dream.

As a recording artist, Cannon briefly saw commercial success with his 2003 single "Gigolo" (featuring R. Kelly), which peaked within the top 30 of the Billboard Hot 100 and led his self-titled debut studio album (2003) — his only major label release under Jive Records. In 2006, Cannon released two singles — "Dime Piece" and "My Wife" — intended for his follow-up album Stages, which was never released under Universal Motown Records. His second album was released as White People Party Music (2014) by RED Distribution and his NCredible Entertainment label.
Hylomorphism (computer science)
In computer science, and in particular functional programming, a hylomorphism is a recursive function, corresponding to the composition of an anamorphism (which first builds a set of results; also known as 'unfolding') followed by a catamorphism (which then folds these results into a final return value). Fusion of these two recursive computations into a single recursive pattern then avoids building the intermediate data structure. This is an example of deforestation, a program optimization strategy. A related type of function is a metamorphism, which is a catamorphism followed by an anamorphism.

Return statement
In computer programming, a return statement causes execution to leave the current subroutine and resume at the point in the code immediately after the instruction which called the subroutine, known as its return address. The return address is saved by the calling routine, today usually on the process's call stack or in a register. Return statements in many programming languages allow a function to specify a return value to be passed back to the code that called the function.