hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samuel Asabia
Samuel Oyewole Asabia (1931–1993) was a Nigerian economist, administrator and banker who was permanent secretary Western Region Ministry of Finance from 1966 to 1970. He later became the first indigenous chief executive and managing director of First Bank of Nigeria in 1975.

Asabia was head of a few organizations and committees that brought him into prominence. Between 1970 and 1975, he was deputy governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria and also chairman of the Securities Issues Commission which later became Securities Exchange Commission. Between 1975 and 1981, he was president of the Nigerian Stock Exchange and in 1983, he was vice president of the Nigerian Economic Society.

Asabia was the founding chief executive officer of First Interstate Merchant bank (now part of Unity Bank of Nigeria) and he was founding chairman of Banque Internationale du Benin in 1989.

First Bank of Nigeria
First Bank of Nigeria is a multinational bank and financial services company with headquarters in Lagos, Nigeria. First Bank was founded in 1894 by Sir Alfred Jones and is currently owned by First HoldCo PLC, which in itself has diversified ownership with over 1.3 million shareholders.
Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
Villeneuve-Saint-Georges (French pronunciation: [vilnœv sɛ̃ ʒɔʁʒ] ⓘ) is a commune in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 15.5 kilometres (9.6 miles) from the centre of Paris. People from Villeneuve-Saint-Georges are called Villeneuvois in French.

Kilometre zero
Kilometre zero (or km 0), also known as zero mile marker or zero milepost, is a particular location (usually in the nation's capital city) from which traveled distances are traditionally measured, as in distance markers. Historically, they were markers where drivers could set their odometers to follow the directions in early roaming guidebooks.

One such marker is the Milliarium Aureum ("Golden Milestone") of the Roman Empire, believed to be the origin for the maxim "All roads lead to Rome".
BRP Cebu
BRP Cebu (PS-28) was a Miguel Malvar-class corvette of the Philippine Navy. She was originally built as USS PCE-881, a PCE-842-class patrol craft for the United States Navy during World War II and patrolled the Alaskan coast during that war. She was decommissioned from the U.S. Navy and transferred to the Philippine Navy in July 1948 and renamed RPS Cebu (E-28) after the Philippine province of the same name. The ship was decommissioned on 1 October 2019. Along with other World War II-era ships of the Philippine Navy, Cebu was considered one of the world's oldest fighting ships during her active service.

Oerlikon 20 mm cannon
The Oerlikon 20 mm cannon is a series of autocannons based on an original German Becker Type M2 20 mm cannon design that appeared very early in World War I.  It was widely produced by Oerlikon Contraves and others, with various models employed by both Allied and Axis forces during World War II. Many versions of the cannon are still used.
Lapthorne
Lapthorne is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrew Lapthorne (born 1990), British wheelchair tennis player

Darren Lapthorne (born 1983), Australian professional racing cyclist

Len Lapthorne (1919–1997), Australian footballer

Richard Lapthorne (born 1943), English company director

Andy Lapthorne
Andrew David Lapthorne (born 11 October 1990) is a British wheelchair tennis player. He took up wheelchair tennis in 2005, and entered the quad division in 2008. He is active in both singles and doubles tournaments, and has 17 grand slam titles in singles and doubles. He competed at his first Summer Paralympics at London 2012 in the quad singles and in the quad doubles, in which he won a silver medal and is now a four-time Paralympic medallist and British no.1 Quad tennis player, who started playing wheelchair tennis at the age of 10.
Arsenal Academy
The Arsenal Academy was a military academy in Columbia, South Carolina, originally established in 1842 as an independent school by the state of South Carolina.  In 1845, the academy became a component of the South Carolina Military Academy (now The Citadel), in which first year cadets underwent their initial year of training before completing their studies at the larger Citadel Academy in Charleston, South Carolina.  The school was burned by Sherman's forces in 1865 and never reopened.

Carolinas campaign
The Carolinas campaign (January 1 – April 26, 1865), also known as the Campaign of the Carolinas, was the final campaign conducted by the Union Army against the Confederate Army in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. On January 1 Union Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman advanced north from Savannah, Georgia, through the Carolinas, with the intention of linking up with Union forces in Virginia. The campaign culminated in the defeat of Confederate Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's army at the Battle of Bentonville, and its unconditional surrender to Union forces on April 26, 1865. Coming just two weeks after the defeat of Robert E. Lee's army at the Battle of Appomattox Court House, it signaled that the war was effectively over.
Metrobus (Malaysia)
Metrobus Nationwide Sdn Bhd (doing business as Metrobus) was a privately owned public transport company in the Klang Valley that was formed in 1992. It was based in Subang Jaya. It was the second largest stage bus (regular or trunk bus route) and feeder bus operator in Kuala Lumpur after RapidKL. Metrobus Nationwide owned a fleet of Nissan Diesel, Hino and Mercedes Benz buses.

Mercedes-Benz buses
Mercedes-Benz has been producing buses since 1895 in Mannheim in Germany. Since 1995 Mercedes-Benz buses and coaches are known by the brand name of Daimler Buses (formerly EvoBus GmbH), a wholly owned subsidiary of Daimler Truck.
First Dunstan ministry (South Australia)
The first Dunstan ministry was the 61st ministry of the Government of South Australia, led by the state's 35th premier Don Dunstan. Dunstan assumed the premiership in June 1967 after Frank Walsh resigned due to ill-health. Dunstan's Labor government stood for a year before being defeated at the 1968 election. Dunstan's second ministry began in June 1970 after winning the 1970 election, which stood for almost nine years.

1968 South Australian state election
The 1968 South Australian State election was held in South Australia on 2 March 1968. All 39 seats in the South Australian House of Assembly were up for election; 38 of the 39 contests were won by candidates from Australia's two major political parties.  The incumbent Labor Party South Australia led by Premier of South Australia Don Dunstan and the Liberal and Country League led by Leader of the Opposition Steele Hall) both won 19 seats. The sole independent candidate to win a race, Tom Stott of the Ridley electorate, joined with the LCL's 19 seats to form a coalition government that held a 20 to 19 majority, thus defeating the Dunstan Labor government.
Pseudocentrotus depressus
Pseudocentrotus depressus, commonly known as the pink sea urchin, is a species of sea urchin, one of only two species in the genus Pseudocentrotus. It was first described in 1864 by the American  marine zoologist Alexander Agassiz as Toxocidaris depressus, having been collected during the North Pacific Exploring and Surveying Expedition undertaken by Captain Cadwalader Ringgold and later Captain John Rodgers.

John Rodgers (admiral)
John Rodgers (August 8, 1812 – May 5, 1882) was an admiral in the United States Navy. He began his naval career as a commander in the American Civil War and during his postwar service became an admiral.
Writers Guild of America Award for Television: Episodic Drama
The Writers Guild of America Award for Television: Episodic Drama is an award presented by the Writers Guild of America to the best written episodes of a dramatic television series. It has been presented annually since the 14th annual Writers Guild of America awards in 1962. The years denote when each episode first aired. Though, due to the eligibility period, some nominees could have aired in a different year. The current eligibility period is December 1 to November 30. The winners are highlighted in gold.

Writers Guild of America
The Writers Guild of America (WGA) is the name of two American labor unions representing writers in film, television, radio, and online media:

The Writers Guild of America East (WGAE) is headquartered in New York City and is affiliated with the AFL-CIO national trade union center

The Writers Guild of America West (WGAW) is headquartered in Los Angeles and is unaffiliated with any larger national trade union.

Although both organizations operate independently, they perform some common activities, including negotiating contracts and launching strike actions, as well as maintaining the American database of writing credits, and arbitrating between writers when conflicts arise.
National fiscal policy responses to the Great Recession
Beginning in 2008, many nations of the world enacted fiscal stimulus plans in response to the Great Recession. These nations used different combinations of government spending and tax cuts to boost their sagging economies. Most of these plans were based on the Keynesian theory that deficit spending by governments can replace some of the demand lost during a recession and prevent the waste of economic resources idled by a lack of demand. The International Monetary Fund recommended that countries implement fiscal stimulus measures equal to 2% of their GDP to help offset the global contraction. In subsequent years, fiscal consolidation measures were implemented by some countries in an effort to reduce debt and deficit levels while at the same time stimulating economic recovery.

Demand
In economics, demand is the quantity of a good that consumers are willing and able to purchase at various prices during a given time. In economics "demand" for a commodity is not the same thing as "desire" for it. It refers to both the desire to purchase and the ability to pay for a commodity.

Demand is always expressed in relation to a particular price and a particular time period since demand is a flow concept. Flow is any variable which is expressed per unit of time. Demand thus does not refer to a single isolated purchase, but a continuous flow of purchases.
Hopton's Almshouses
Hopton's Almshouses are almshouses and a committee room in Southwark, London, SE1 at Hopton Gardens, 10–11 Hopton Street, all of which are Grade II* listed.

They were built in 1746–49 by Thomas Ellis and William Cooley to the designs of the builder Mr Batterson, trustee of Charles Hopton's will.

Originally built as 26 homes for poor men of Southwark of good character, in particular those from the Parish of Christchurch, Southwark, the buildings were extensively reconfigured in the 1980s and now comprise 20 single bedroom homes for older people from Southwark. The Committee Room is still used by residents and the extensive gardens are an oasis of green in a heavily built up part of London.

The Almshouses were transferred from Hopton's Charity into the management and trusteeship of historic Southwark charity, United St Saviour's Charity in 2012.

Almshouse
An almshouse (also known as a bede-house, poorhouse, or hospital) is charitable housing provided to people in a particular community, especially during the Middle Ages. They were often built for the poor of a locality, for those who had held certain jobs, or their widows, and for elderly people who could no longer pay rent. They are generally maintained by a charity or the trustees of a bequest. "Alms" are, in the Christian tradition, money or services donated to support the poor and indigent. Almshouses were originally formed as extensions of the church system and were later adapted by local officials and authorities.
RK Bosna Visoko
RK Bosna Visoko (Bosnian: Rukometni klub Bosna) is a handball club from Visoko, founded on 9 February 1954. RK Bosna competes in the Handball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Handball Cup of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

EHF Cup Winners' Cup
The EHF Cup Winners' Cup was the official competition for men's and women's handball clubs of Europe that won their national cup, and took place every year. From the 2012–13 season, the men's competition was merged with the EHF Cup.
Saltash Community School
Saltash Community School is a mixed 11 to 18 academy school established in its present form in 1965, in Saltash, Cornwall, England. The school was previously maintained by the Cornwall Education Authority before 1 April 2011, when the school became an academy. In 2013 it formed Saltash Multi Academy Regional Trust (SMART), together with Landulph Primary School. The school is situated in an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and it occupies a 13-acre (5.3 ha) site overlooking Plymouth Sound and the Tamar and Lynher rivers.

Cornwall National Landscape
Cornwall National Landscape is an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It was formerly known as, and is still legally designated as, Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, with the National Landscape branding adopted in November 2023.

The National Landscape covers 958 square kilometres (370 sq mi), or about 27% of the total area of the county. It comprises 12 separate sections, of which 11 cover stretches of coastline and one Bodmin Moor, which together are treated as a single National Landscape.

It was designated in 1959 for special landscape protection, and under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000, Cornwall Council is required to produce a 5-year management plan, and authorities must have regard to the purpose of conserving and enhancing natural beauty when discharging any function affecting land within the National Landscape.
Approbative
In linguistics, approbatives are words or grammatical forms that denote a positive affect; that is, they express the appreciation or approval of the speaker. !Claro! (Spanish) and "Gotcha!" (English) are examples.

Sometimes a term may begin as a pejorative word and eventually be adopted in an approbative sense. In historical linguistics, this phenomenon is known as amelioration. Examples from English include "punk", "nerd", "badass", "sick", and "killer".

Historical linguistics
Historical linguistics, also known as diachronic linguistics, is the scientific study of how languages change over time. It seeks to understand the nature and causes of linguistic change and to trace the evolution of languages. Historical linguistics involves several key areas of study, including the reconstruction of ancestral languages, the classification of languages into families, (comparative linguistics) and the analysis of the cultural and social influences on language development.

This field is grounded in the uniformitarian principle, which posits that the processes of language change observed today were also at work in the past, unless there is clear evidence to suggest otherwise. Historical linguists aim to describe and explain changes in individual languages, explore the history of speech communities, and study the origins and meanings of words (etymology).
Rawmarsh
Rawmarsh (locally /ˈroʊmɪʃ/) is a village in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, in South Yorkshire, England. Historically within the West Riding of Yorkshire, it is 2 miles (3 km) north-northeast from Rotherham town centre and 3 miles (5 km) south-southwest of Swinton. The village also forms part of the Sheffield Urban Area. The Rawmarsh ward of Rotherham MBC had a population of 13,389 at the 2011 Census. Rawmarsh also contains other output areas from neighbouring wards giving it a population of 18,498 in 2011 and 18,535 in 2014.

Sheffield urban area
The Sheffield Urban Area is a conurbation in the north of England with a population of 685,368 according to the 2011 census. This was a 7% increase on the 2001 population of 640,720 making it the 8th largest conurbation in the United Kingdom and England's 6th largest.  Named the Sheffield Urban Area by the Office for National Statistics, it must not be confused with the Sheffield City Region, a non-government term, although often used, particularly by the business community. In 2001 the population density of the urban area was 3,949.2 people per km2  by 2011 this had increased slightly to 4,092 people per km2.

The city of Sheffield contributes just over two thirds of the population of the whole conurbation.
Aimé Brisson
Aimé Brisson (September 13, 1928 – February 12, 2023) was a Canadian politician in the province of Quebec.

Brisson was born in Montreal on September 13, 1928, and attended primary schooling there before attending HEC Montréal. He joined the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants in 1952. Brisson was a Liberal member of the National Assembly of Quebec for Jeanne-Mance from 1962 until his defeat in the 1976 election. He died in Laval on February 12, 2023, at the age of 94.

27th Quebec Legislature
The 27th Legislative Assembly of Quebec was the Quebec, Canada provincial legislature that was elected in the 1962 Quebec general election.  It sat for six sessions, from 15 January 1963 to 11 July 1963; from 21 August 1963 to 23 August 1963; from 14 January 1964 to 31 July 1964; from 21 January 1965 to 6 August 1965; from 22 October 1965 to 23 October 1965; and from 25 January 1966 to 18 April 1966.  The Liberal government led by Jean Lesage continued the Quiet Revolution reforms begun during its first mandate. The official opposition Union Nationale was led by Daniel Johnson, Sr.
Bandai Namco Entertainment
Bandai Namco Entertainment Inc. is a Japanese multinational video game publisher, and the video game branch of the wider Bandai Namco Holdings group. Founded in 2006 as Namco Bandai Games Inc., it is the successor to Namco's home and arcade video game business, as well as Bandai's former equivalent division. Development operations were spun off into a new company in 2012, Namco Bandai Studios, now called Bandai Namco Studios.

Bandai Namco Entertainment owns several multi-million video game franchises, including Pac-Man,  Tekken, Soulcalibur, Tales, Ace Combat, Taiko no Tatsujin, The Idolmaster, Ridge Racer, Dark Souls, .hack and Little Nightmares. Pac-Man himself serves as the official mascot of the company. The company also owns the licenses to several Japanese media franchises, such as Shonen Jump, Gundam, Kamen Rider, Super Sentai, Sword Art Online, and the Ultra Series.

Super Sentai
The Super Sentai Series (スーパー戦隊シリーズ, Sūpā Sentai Shirīzu; lit. 'Super Squadron Series') is a Japanese superhero team media franchise consisting of multiple television series and films produced by Toei Company and aired by TV Asahi. The shows are of the tokusatsu genre, featuring live action characters and colorful special effects. Prior to its conclusion in 2026, Super Sentai aired alongside the Kamen Rider series in the Super Hero Time programming block on Sunday mornings on TV Asahi. In North America, the Super Sentai series is best known as the source material for the Power Rangers series.

The series went on a hiatus following the conclusion of the 49th season, No.1 Sentai Gozyuger, with a new Toei tokusatsu franchise, Project R.E.D. (Records of Extraordinary Dimensions), taking its timeslot in 2026.
Thomas Brown (American football coach)
Thomas Brown (born May 15, 1986) is an American professional football coach and former running back who currently serves as the passing game coordinator and tight ends coach for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). Brown played college football for the Georgia Bulldogs and played professionally in the NFL for the Atlanta Falcons and Cleveland Browns. He previously served as an assistant coach for several NFL and college football teams.

Position coach
In American football, a position coach is a team official in charge of coaching a specific position group. Position coaches have more specialized duties than the head coach, associate and assistant coach, and the offensive and defensive coordinators.
North Tyneside Steam Railway
The North Tyneside Steam Railway and Stephenson Steam Railway are visitor attractions in North Shields, North East England. The museum and railway workshops share a building on Middle Engine Lane adjacent to the Silverlink Retail Park. The railway is a standard gauge line, running south for 2 miles (3.2 km) from the museum to Percy Main. The railway is operated by the North Tyneside Steam Railway Association (NTSRA). The museum is managed by North East Museums on behalf of North Tyneside Council.

The railway runs along the alignment of various former coal wagonways, which were later used by the Tyne and Wear Metro Test Centre; the museum and workshop building used to be the test facility. The museum is dedicated to the railway pioneers George Stephenson and his son Robert, with one of George's early locomotives, Billy, housed in the museum.

Embsay and Bolton Abbey Steam Railway
The Embsay and Bolton Abbey Steam Railway (E&BASR) is a heritage railway in North Yorkshire, England, formed in 1979 and opened in 1981.

The preserved railway was part of the former Midland Railway route from Skipton to Ilkley which was closed down by British Railways in 1965 over 15 years before the reopening of part of the line.

The E&BASR currently runs for a total distance of 4 miles (6 km) from Embsay via Draughton Sidings, Holywell and Stoneacre Loop to Bolton Abbey station and carries around 100,000 passengers a year.

The long-term objectives of the railway are extensions of the line in both directions, eastwards to the West Yorkshire village of Addingham and southwest towards the North Yorkshire market town of Skipton.
Apothecaries' Hall of Ireland
The Apothecaries' Hall of Ireland is one of only two extant successors of a medieval Dublin guild. Apothecaries in Dublin were first organized as members of the 1446 Guild of Barbers, with St Mary Magdelene as the patron saint. In 1747, Apothecaries formed their own guild, with St Luke as the patron. In 1791, the Company of Apothecaries’ Hall was formed for the purposes of building their own Hall and regulating practitioners throughout Ireland. Although the Company ceased licensing doctors in 1971, it continues to exist as a statutory corporation. The Company of Apothecaries’ Hall now shares premises with the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland on Kildare Street, Dublin.

Statutory corporation
A statutory corporation is a corporation created by statute. Their precise nature varies by jurisdiction, but their powers are defined in, and controlled by, the creating legislation.

Bodies described in the English language as "statutory corporations" exist in the following countries in accordance with the associated descriptions (where provided).
William Beal (cricketer)
William Matthew Beal (17 March 1877 – 3 August 1964) was a New Zealand cricketer who played for Otago. He was born in Launceston, Tasmania, Australia in 1877.

Beal made a single first-class appearance for the side in the 1909–10 Plunket Shield against Auckland. He scored a single run in the match.

Beal later stood as umpire in five first-class matches, including the second international match in 1927–28 between the touring Australian team and New Zealand at Carisbrook in Dunedin. His brother, Carl, played first-class cricket for Otago and Canterbury.

Beal died at Dunedin in 1964 aged 87.

Carisbrook
Carisbrook (sometimes incorrectly referred to as Carisbrook Stadium) was a major sporting venue in Dunedin, New Zealand. The city's main domestic and international rugby union venue, it was also used for other sports such as cricket, football, rugby league and motocross. In 1922, Carisbrook hosted the first international football match between Australia and New Zealand. The hosts won 3–1.

Carisbrook also hosted a Joe Cocker concert and frequently hosted pre-game concerts before rugby matches in the 1990s. In 2011 Carisbrook was closed, and was replaced as a rugby ground by Forsyth Barr Stadium in North Dunedin, and as a cricket ground by University Oval in Logan Park.