hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Siege of Theodosia (389 BC)
The siege of Theodosia in 389 BC was the first of three sieges carried out against the city of Theodosia (modern day Feodosia) by the rulers of the Bosporan Kingdom, who attempted time and time again to annex the city to their dominions during the long Bosporan-Heracleote War. The first of these sieges was carried out by Satyros I, the father of Leukon I.

Tirgatao
Tirgatao (Scythian: Tigratavā; Ancient Greek: Τιργαταω, romanized: Tirgataō) was a princess of the Maeotes mentioned by  Polyaenus. She was the first wife of the Sindian king Hecataeus, and was a notable participant of the Bosporan wars of expansion.
Bilimora Junction railway station
Bilimora Junction railway station is a small railway station in Navsari district, Gujarat, India. Its code is BIM. It serves the city of Bilimora. The station consists of five platforms. The platforms are not well sheltered. It lacks many facilities including water and sanitation. Passenger, Express and Superfast trains halt here.

Bilimora is a junction railway station in the Mumbai division line of the Western Railway, from which a narrow-gauge line separates from the broad-gauge line to arrive at Waghai in the Dang district. It is said to be that this narrow-gauge line is to be converted into broad gauge and will be extended up to Manmad. Bilimora will be well connected through Maharashtra; the survey has been done and the project is to be evaluated for estimate. The town of Chikhli is about 10 km to the east, which is on National Highway 48.

National Highway 48 (India)
National Highway 48 (NH 48) is a major National Highway of India that starts at Delhi and terminates at Chennai, traversing through seven states of India. It has a total length of 2807 km (1744 miles). NH 48 passes through the states of Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. The stretch between Pune and Bengaluru was known as P.B. Road in olden days.

Its stretch from Delhi to Mumbai was earlier designated as NH 8, and the stretch between Mumbai and Chennai was designated, NH 4 before all the national highways were renumbered in the year 2010.
Wrighten
Wrighten is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charlotte Wrighten Placide (1776–1823), American actress and opera singer

James Wrighten (1745–1793), English actor

Mary Ann Wrighten (1751–1796), English singer, actress, and composer

Charlotte Wrighten Placide
Charlotte Wrighten Placide (c. 1776–1823), was an American actress and opera singer. She had a successful career from 1796, was the female star of the theatre company of Placide and the director of the Charleston Theatre in 1812–13.

She was married to Alexander Placide and the mother of four, including Jane Placide.
Danco Island
Danco Island or Isla Dedo is an island off Antarctica, 2 kilometres (1 nmi) long lying in the southern part of Errera Channel, off the west coast of Graham Land. It was charted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition under Adrien de Gerlache, 1897–1899. Danco Island was surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey from Norsel in 1955, and named by the UK Antarctic Place-names Committee for Emile Danco (1869–1898), a Belgian geophysicist and member of the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, who died on board Belgica in the Antarctic.

RV Belgica (1884)
Belgica was a barque-rigged steamship that was built in 1884 by Christian Brinch Jørgensen at Svelvik, Norway as the whaler Patria. In 1896, she was purchased by Adrien de Gerlache for conversion to a research ship, taking part in the Belgian Antarctic Expedition of 1897–1901, becoming the first ship to overwinter in the Antarctic. In 1902, she was sold to Philippe, Duke of Orléans and used on expeditions to the Arctic in 1905 and from 1907 to 1909.

In 1916, she was sold and converted to a passenger and cargo ship, serving Spitsbergen from the Norwegian mainland under the name Isfjord. In 1918, she was sold and renamed Belgica, being converted to a factory ship. Requisitioned by the British in April 1940, she was used as a depôt ship, being scuttled when the Franco-British Expeditionary Force evacuated Harstad in northern Norway. In 2007, plans to build a modern replica of Belgica were announced.
Thaxterogaster melleicarneus
Thaxterogaster melleicarneus is a species of fungus in the family Cortinariaceae, first described in 2014 as a member of the genus Cortinarius before being reclassified in 2022. It is characterized by its medium-sized fruit bodies with cream to honey-brown or grey-brown caps, pale greyish-white gills that turn greyish-brown with age, and distinctively almond-shaped to fusoid spores with densely warted surfaces. This fungus grows in warm-climate deciduous woodlands on calcareous soils, particularly in areas enriched by near-shore sandy shell beds. Known to occur only in Estonia (Hiiumaa) and southern Norway, it appears to prefer humus-rich, shell-influenced terrain beneath mixed stands of oak, beech, and planted larch.

Cream (colour)
Cream is the colour of the cream produced by cattle grazing on natural pasture with plants rich in yellow carotenoid pigments, some of which are incorporated into the fresh milk (specifically, the butterfat). This gives a yellow tone to otherwise-white milk at higher fat concentrations. Cream is the pastel colour of yellow, much as pink is to red. By mixing yellow and white, cream can be produced.

The first recorded use of cream as a colour name in English was in 1590.
2015 Western Canada Cup
The 2015 Western Canada Cup was the Western Canadian Junior A ice hockey championship played at the Casman Centre in Fort McMurray, Alberta from April 25 to May 3, 2015.  It determined the two Western seeds for the 2015 Royal Bank Cup, the Canadian Junior A National Championship.  The Penticton Vees and Portage Terriers finished first and second, respectively.  As the Terriers already secured a berth in the Royal Bank Cup as the host team, the second runner-up Melfort Mustangs were awarded the second Western seed.

Penticton Vees (BCHL)
The Penticton Vees were a junior ice hockey franchise in the British Columbia Hockey League (BCHL) based in Penticton, British Columbia, Canada. As a charter member of the league, the Penticton franchise had been named, at different times, the Junior Vees (1961–1963), the Broncos (1964–1975), the Vees (1975–1979), the Knights (1979–1990), the Panthers (1990–2004) and the Vees (2004–2025). After the establishment of a Western Hockey League franchise called the Penticton Vees in 2025, the BCHL franchise was placed on hiatus while seeking to relocate.
Bill O'Hara (baseball)
William Alexander O'Hara (August 14, 1883 – June 13, 1931) was a Major League Baseball outfielder. He started his professional baseball career in 1902 and played for the Baltimore Orioles from 1905 to 1908. He then played in the National League for the New York Giants and St. Louis Cardinals before finishing his career with the Toronto Maple Leafs.

Toronto Maple Leafs (International League)
The Toronto Maple Leafs were a high-level minor league baseball club located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, which played from 1896 to 1967.

While the Maple Leafs had working agreements with numerous Major League Baseball clubs after the introduction of farm systems in the 1930s, they achieved great success as an unaffiliated club during the 1950s, when they were the strongest team on the field and in attendance in the Triple-A International League. The 1902, 1918, 1920, 1926, and 1960 teams were recognized as being among the 100 greatest minor league teams of all time.

Toronto was without professional baseball from 1968 to 1976, when the American League added the Toronto Blue Jays via the 1977 Major League Baseball expansion.
Joseph Athale
Joseph Georges Athale (born 11 July 1995) is a New Caledonian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Tahiti club Tahiti United. He made his debut for the national team on 25 March 2016 in their 1–0 loss against Vanuatu and has also represented his nation in beach soccer.

He joined Hienghène Sport in 2019 and scored for the club against ASPV Strasbourg in the seventh round of the Coup de France. He also appeared in the 2019 FIFA Club World Cup, playing a full match against Al Sadd.

In January 2023, Athale moved to the French Metrople, signing for Olympique Saint-Quentin.

Vanuatu national football team
The Vanuatu men's national football team (French: équipe du Vanuatu de football) represents Vanuatu in men's international football competitions. The team is governed by the Vanuatu Football Federation, which is currently a member of FIFA and the Oceania Football Confederation.
CPU shim
A CPU shim (also called CPU spacer) is a shim used between the CPU and the heat sink in a computer. Shims make it easier and less risky to mount a heatsink on the processor because it stabilizes the heatsink, preventing accidental damaging of the fragile CPU packaging. They help distribute weight evenly over the surface.

CPU shims are usually made of thin and very flat aluminium or copper. Copper has good heat dissipation capacity but is electrically conductive. CPU shims should be non-conductive to prevent any accidental short circuiting. Aluminium shims are often anodized, which makes them non-conductive and improves their appearance (see case modding). It is also very important that the shim is the proper thickness. If it is too thick then the heatsink will not make contact with the CPU, resulting in poor cooling and possibly overheating.

Most shims are CNC manufactured, often using laser cutting. Cheaper ones may be pressed or stamped which could make them less accurate.

Short circuit
A short circuit (sometimes abbreviated to "short" or "s/c") is an electrical circuit that allows an electric current to travel along an unintended path with no or very low electrical impedance. This results in an excessive current flowing through the circuit.

The opposite of a short circuit is an open circuit, which is an infinite resistance (or very high impedance) between two nodes.
Episode 6 (Humans series 1)
"Episode 6" is the sixth episode of the first series of Humans, a show based on Real Humans and co-produced by Channel 4 and AMC. It aired in the UK on 19 July 2015, and was watched by 3.926 million viewers; it aired on 2 August 2015 in the US to 1.03 million households. The episode received positive reviews.

Humans (TV series)
Humans is a science fiction television series that debuted in June 2015 on Channel 4 and on AMC. Written by Jonathan Brackley and Sam Vincent, based on the Swedish science fiction drama Real Humans, the series explores the themes of artificial intelligence, robotics, and their effects on the future of humanity, focusing on the social, cultural, and psychological impact of the invention and marketing of anthropomorphic robots called "synths". The series is produced jointly by Channel 4 and Kudos in the United Kingdom, and AMC in the United States.

Eight episodes were produced for the first series which aired between 14 June and 2 August 2015. The second eight-episode series was broadcast in the UK between 30 October and 18 December 2016. A third series was commissioned in March 2017 and aired eight episodes between 17 May and 5 July 2018. In May 2019, Channel 4 announced that the series had been cancelled.
Ezio (Latilla)
Ezio is an opera eroica or "heroic" opera in 3 acts by Gaetano Latilla. The opera uses an Italian-language libretto by Pietro Metastasio. Metastasio's libretto was partly inspired by Jean Racine's play Britannicus and had earlier been set to music by George Frideric Handel in 1732. The work's protagonist is the fifth-century AD Roman general Flavius Aetius (Ezio in Italian), returned from his victory over Attila. Latilla's version premiered at the Teatro di San Carlo in Naples on 10 July 1758. The composer both directed and conducted the production and Vincenzo Re designed the sets used in the premiere. The cast included Giovanni Carestini in the title role, Caterina Gabrielli as Fulvia, Maddalena Galli as Onoria, Caterina Galli as Valentiniano III (Valentinian III), Gregorio Babbi as Massimo, and Antonio Ambrogi as Varo.

Jean Racine
Jean-Baptiste Racine (/ræˈsiːn/ rass-EEN, US also /rəˈsiːn/ rə-SEEN; French: [ʒɑ̃ batist ʁasin]; 22 December 1639 – 21 April 1699) was a French dramatist, one of the three great playwrights of 17th-century France, along with Molière and Corneille, as well as an important literary figure in the Western tradition and world literature. Racine was primarily a tragedian, producing such "examples of neoclassical perfection" as Phèdre, Andromaque, and Athalie. He did write one comedy, Les Plaideurs, and a muted tragedy, Esther, for the young.

Racine's plays displayed his mastery of the dodecasyllabic (12 syllable) French alexandrine. His writing is renowned for its elegance, purity, speed, and fury, and for what American poet Robert Lowell described as a "diamond-edge", and the "glory of its hard, electric rage". Racine's dramaturgy is marked by his psychological insight, the prevailing passion of his characters, and the nakedness of both plot and stage.
El Torno
El Torno is a municipality located in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain. According to the 2005 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 938 inhabitants.

El Torno is a small village at the west of Spain. It is a mountains village, and has a river named Jerte. The village is at 900 m altitude. The main monument is an old church. It is an agriculture village, and its main fruit is the cherry. It is rainy and has much forest. The more important holiday is San Lucas on 18 October, and also the Carnival is very important.

Province of Cáceres
The province of Cáceres (Spanish: provincia de Cáceres; Portuguese: província de Cáceres; Extremaduran: provincia de Caçris; Fala: provincia de Cáciris) is a province of western Spain, and makes up the northern half of the autonomous community of Extremadura. Its capital is the city of Cáceres. Other cities in the province include Plasencia, Coria, Navalmoral de la Mata, and Trujillo, the birthplace of Francisco Pizarro González. As of 2024, the province had 388,652 inhabitants, of whom a quarter lived in the capital. The Tagus river runs through the province.
Rainbow Hospice
Rainbow Hospice and Palliative Care, founded in 1981, was one of the oldest and largest non-profit hospice and palliative care providers in Illinois.

With main offices at 1550 Bishop Court in Mt. Prospect and additional offices in Elgin and Urbana, Rainbow serves patients in seven counties throughout Illinois: Cook, DuPage, Kane, Kendall, Lake, McHenry and Will counties.

Rainbow Hospice and Palliative Care is accredited by the Community Health Accreditation Program (CHAP) as of 2013. As an accrediting body, CHAP has regulatory authorization to survey agencies providing home health and hospice services, to determine whether they meet the Medicare Conditions of Participation (COPs).

Community Health Accreditation Program
The Community Health Accreditation Partner (CHAP) is a national, independent, U.S. not-for-profit accrediting body for community-based health care organizations. CHAP is the oldest national, community-based accrediting body with more than 9,000 agencies currently accredited nationwide.
Odontodactylus
Odontodactylus (from Ancient Greek ὀδούς (odoús), meaning "tooth", and δάκτυλος (dáktulos), meaning "finger") is a genus of mantis shrimp, the only genus in the family Odontodactylidae. Mantis shrimp of the genus Odontodactylus can not only detect circular polarisation of light, but can also detect polarised light reflecting off their telson and uropods.

The genus Odontodactylus contains the following species:

Odontodactylus brevirostris (Miers, 1884)

Odontodactylus cultrifer (White, 1850)

Odontodactylus hansenii (Pocock, 1893)

Odontodactylus havanensis (Bigelow, 1893)

Odontodactylus hawaiiensis Manning, 1967

Odontodactylus japonicus (de Haan, 1844)

Odontodactylus latirostris Borradaile, 1907

Odontodactylus scyllarus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Odontodactylus brevirostris

Odontodactylus cultrifer

Odontodactylus latirostris

Odontodactylus scyllarus

Telson
The telson (from Ancient Greek  τέλσον 'headlands, limit') is the hindmost division of the body of an arthropod. Depending on the definition, the telson is either considered to be the final segment of the arthropod body, or an additional division that is not a true segment on account of not arising in the embryo from teloblast areas as other segments. It never carries any appendages, but a forked "tail" called the caudal furca may be present. The shape and composition of the telson differs between arthropod groups.
USS Perfecto
USS Perfecto (SP-86) was a motorboat that served in the United States Navy during World War I.  She was built in 1917 by the Greenport Basin and Construction Company in Greenport, New York, and owned by J. J. Phelps of Hackensack, New Jersey.  She was acquired by the Navy on 22 June 1917 and placed in service on 25 June 1917.  During World War I, Perfecto served in the 5th Naval District, headquartered in Norfolk Navy Yard in Norfolk, Virginia.  She patrolled the coastline for German U-boats.  She was returned to her owner, Phelps, after the war ended on 18 February 1919.

Norfolk Naval Shipyard
The Norfolk Naval Shipyard, often called the Norfolk Navy Yard and abbreviated as NNSY, is a U.S. Navy facility in Portsmouth, Virginia. It was created for building, remodeling and repairing the United States Navy's ships. It is the oldest and largest industrial facility that belongs to the U.S. Navy as well as the most comprehensive. Located on the Elizabeth River, the yard is just a short distance upriver from its mouth at Hampton Roads.

It was established as Gosport Shipyard in 1767. Though it was destroyed during the American Revolutionary War, it was rebuilt and became home to the first operational drydock in the United States in the 1830s. Changing hands during the American Civil War, it served the Confederate States Navy until it was again destroyed in 1862, when it was given its current name. The shipyard was again rebuilt, and has continued to operate through the present day.
Doug Winslow
Charles Douglas Winslow (born July 19, 1951) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL) for the New Orleans Saints and Washington Redskins.  He played college football for the Drake Bulldogs and was selected in the eighth round of the 1973 NFL draft.

Drake Bulldogs football
The Drake Bulldogs are an NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision non-scholarship college football program representing Drake University. They currently compete in the non-scholarship Pioneer Football League and have been charter members of the conference  since 1993.  Drake began playing intercollegiate football in 1893.
Timeline of category theory and related mathematics
This is a timeline of category theory and related mathematics. Its scope ("related mathematics") is taken as:

Categories of abstract algebraic structures including representation theory and universal algebra;

Homological algebra;

Homotopical algebra;

Topology using categories, including algebraic topology, categorical topology, quantum topology, low-dimensional topology;

Categorical logic and set theory in the categorical context such as algebraic set theory;

Foundations of mathematics building on categories, for instance topos theory;

Abstract geometry, including algebraic geometry, categorical noncommutative geometry, etc.

Quantization related to category theory, in particular categorical quantization;

Categorical physics relevant for mathematics.

In this article, and in category theory in general, ∞ = ω.

Topos
In mathematics, a topos (US: /ˈtɒpɒs/, UK: /ˈtoʊpoʊs, ˈtoʊpɒs/; plural topoi /ˈtɒpɔɪ/ or /ˈtoʊpɔɪ/, or toposes) is a category that behaves like the category of sheaves of sets on a topological space (or more generally, on a site). Topoi behave much like the category of sets and possess a notion of localization.  The Grothendieck topoi find applications in algebraic geometry, and more general elementary topoi are used in logic.

The mathematical field that studies topoi is called topos theory.
Glosa (music)
Glosa is a term in music which has two possible meanings. In the Spanish language, it's the word used for ornaments in music. Its second possible meaning is to a specific type of music composition from 16th-century Spain that utilized a variation construction similar to that of the Spanish diferencias but within sacred music rather than secular music and with less extensive development. Composers who wrote glosas included Alonso Mudarra, Enríquez de Valderrábano, and Luis Venegas de Henestrosa.

Variation (music)
In music, variation is a formal technique where material is repeated in an altered form. The changes may involve melody, rhythm, harmony, counterpoint, timbre, orchestration or any combination of these.

Variation is often contrasted with musical development, which is a slightly different means to the same end. Variation depends upon one type of presentation at a time, while development is carried out upon portions of material treated in many different presentations and combinations at a time.
Blizhneye Stoyanovo
Blizhneye Stoyanovo (Russian: Ближнее Стояново) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Gnilovskoye Rural Settlement, Ostrogozhsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 580 as of 2010. There are 9 streets.

Ostrogozhsky District
Ostrogozhsky District  (Russian: Острого́жский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Voronezh Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,725 square kilometers (666 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Ostrogozhsk. Population: 55,747 (2021 Census); 61,291 (2010 Census); 27,972 (2002 Census); 31,201 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Ostrogozhsk accounts for 58.3% of the district's total population.
Old Bavarian Donaumoos
The Old Bavarian Donaumoos (German: Altbayerisches Donaumoos) is an old fen on the southern side of the Danube, southwest of Ingolstadt, Bavaria, in the Neuburg-Schrobenhausen district. The fen, drained from 1790 onwards, has now dropped 3 metres (9.8 ft) in surface level because of the drainage and associated environmental effects. The Donaumoos was once the largest area of fenland in Southern Germany.

It is one of two former fens named Donaumoos, the other being the Swabian Donaumoos (German: Schwäbisches Donaumoos), also predominantly located in Bavaria, between Ulm and Gundelfingen. Of the Bavarian fens, the Moose, 95 percent have been dried out, a trend the Bavarian government wishes to reverse by re-flooding some of the former fens.

Gundelfingen
Gundelfingen (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʊndl̩ˌfɪŋən] ⓘ; Low Alemannic: Gundelfinge) is a municipality directly north of the city Freiburg in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.

Gundelfingen is one of the larger municipalities in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district. It consists of the old place Gundelfingen and the village Wildtal, which was included in the municipality in the 1970s.