hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Whiteway (surgeon)
John Whiteway (c. 1722 - 25 May 1797) was a Dublin surgeon who was the second president of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) in 1786.

A kinsman of Whiteway, Jonathan Swift, Dean of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, paid for Whiteway's education as a surgeon, and Cameron notes that Whiteway performed the autopsy on Swift. He was appointed visiting surgeon to St Patrick's Hospital, Dublin, and visiting physician to Dr Steevens' Hospital. He was also Surgeon to the Hospital for Venereal Diseases, North King Street. Cameroon notes that his practice was large, and he was considered a skilful surgeon, and usually employed the flap operation in amputations.

Whiteway was one of 49 physicians and chirurgeons who declared their public support for the construction of a Publick Bath in Dublin in May 1771 and named Achmet Borumborad as a well qualified individual for carrying such a scheme into existence.

Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) is a not-for-profit medical professional and educational institution, which is also known as RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences. It was established in 1784 as the national body for the surgical branch of medicine in Ireland, with a role in supervision of training, and as of 2021 provides a broad range of medical education in multiple countries.

RCSI's main campus is situated on St. Stephen's Green and York Street in central Dublin and incorporates schools of medicine, pharmacy and biomolecular sciences, physiotherapy, population health, dentistry and nursing and midwifery.  It offers undergraduate and postgraduate education in a number of healthcare fields.

RCSI was ranked first in the world for SDG3 Good Health and Well-being in the Times Higher Education Impact Rankings 2025.
Gordon Moss
Gordon Moss is a nature reserve near Gordon, in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, in the former Berwickshire.

The moss is situated one mile west of Gordon village, south of the Gordon – Earlston road (A6105). Parking places.

The fauna includes 16 species of butterfly and over 200 species of moth.

Gordon, Scottish Borders
Gordon is a village in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, within the historic county of Berwickshire. The village sits on the crossroads of the A6105 Earlston to Berwick on Tweed road and the A6089 Edinburgh to Kelso road. It is 6 miles (10 km) east of Earlston and 4 miles (6 km) west of Greenlaw.

Gordon was served by trains on the Berwickshire Railway from 1863 to 1948.
Rawdat Egdaim
Rawdat Egdaim (Arabic: روضة اقديم; also spelled Rawdat Ekdaim) is a district in Qatar, located in the municipality of Al Rayyan.

In the 2015 census it was listed as a district of Zone 51, with a population of 56,027. It includes Izghawa, Gharrafat Al Rayyan, Al Gharrafa, Al Seej, Bani Hajer and Al Themaid.

It is bordered to the south by Bani Hajer and to the east by Gharrafat Al Rayyan. To the north is Umm Salal Municipality.

Umm Salal
Umm Salal (Arabic: أم صلال, romanized: Umm Ṣalāl, lit. 'mother of rocks'; also spelled Umm Slal) is a municipality in the State of Qatar.

Historic landmarks such as the  Barzan Tower are located in Umm Salal.The municipal headquarters  is located in Umm Salal Ali, about 10 km from the coast and 15 km north of Doha, the Qatari capital.
Borshchovychi
Borshchovychi (Ukrainian: Борщовичі, Polish: Barszczowice) is a village in Lviv Raion of Lviv Oblast in Ukraine. It belongs to Novyi Yarychiv settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. First mentioned in 1442 in court documents of the nearby city of Lviv.

Lviv Raion
Lviv Raion (Ukrainian: Львівський район) is a raion (district) of Lviv Oblast, Ukraine. It was created on 18 July 2020 as part of Ukraine's administrative reform. The center of the region is the city of Lviv. The raion was formed by merging four abolished raions, Horodok, Peremyshliany, Pustomyty, and Zhovkva Raions, as well as Lviv Municipality and parts of Kamianka-Buzka and Zolochiv Raions. Population: 1,141,119 (2022 estimate).
Nessus (centaur)
In Greek mythology, Nessus (Ancient Greek: Νέσσος, romanized: Nessos) was a famous centaur who was killed by Heracles, and whose poisoned blood in turn killed Heracles. He was the son of Centauros. He fought in the battle with the Lapiths and became a ferryman on the river Euenos.

Lapiths
The Lapiths (/ˈlæpɪθs/; Ancient Greek: Λαπίθαι, Lapithai, sing. Λαπίθης) were a group of legendary people in Greek mythology, who lived in Thessaly in the valley of the Pineios and on the mountain Pelion. They were believed to have descended from the mythical Lapithes, brother of Centaurus, with the two heroes giving their names to the races of the Lapiths and the centaurs respectively. The Lapiths are best known for their involvement in the Centauromachy (Ancient Greek: Κενταυρομαχία, romanized: Kentauromachía), a mythical fight that broke out between them and the centaurs during Pirithous and Hippodamia's wedding.
Buryad Unen
Buryad Unen (Russian Buryat: Буряад үнэн, [bʊrʲˈaːt uˈnəŋ], "The Buryat Truth") is the main newspaper in the Buryat language, founded in December 1921 and named after the Russian Pravda newspaper. It was originally published in the top-down Mongolian script before switching to Latin script in 1931–1938 and eventually Cyrillic script from 1939.

It was founded as Buriaad-Mongaliin ynen (Буряад-Монголиин үнэн, [bʊrʲˈaːt ˈmɔŋɡəɮiːŋ uˈnəŋ], Buryat-Mongol Truth) in 1921 in Chita, Buryat-Mongol ASSR, within Russian SFSR. Now it published in Ulan-Ude, as Chita was carved out of the Buryat-Mongol ASSR. In 1958, Buryat-Mongol ASSR removed the "-Mongol" from its official name, and the name of this newspaper followed the change. In the 1970s, it was published six times a week, with a circulation of approximately 8500.

Mongolian script
The traditional Mongolian script, also known as the Hudum Mongol bichig, was the first writing system created specifically for the Mongolian language, and was the most widespread until the introduction of Cyrillic in 1946. The script has been a co-official script since 2025, alongside the Cyrillic script for the language. It is traditionally written in vertical lines from top to bottom, flowing in lines from left to right . Derived from the Old Uyghur alphabet, it is a true alphabet, with separate letters for consonants and vowels. It has been adapted for such languages as Oirat and Manchu. Alphabets based on this classical vertical script continue to be used in Mongolia and Inner Mongolia to write Mongolian, Xibe and, experimentally, Evenki.

Computer operating systems have been slow to adopt support for the Mongolian script; almost all have incomplete support or other text rendering difficulties.
L'Atelier de Joël Robuchon
L'Atelier de Joël Robuchon is the name of French gourmet restaurants, located worldwide, created by chef Joël Robuchon and managed by JR International. The restaurants serve French haute cuisine in a stylized environment. Many of the seats are arranged to overlook the meal preparation in the kitchen. L'Atelier translates to "workshop," and the term atelier is commonly used to refer to the workshop of an artist in the fine or decorative arts.

In 2012, the Paris location of L’Atelier de Joël Robuchon in Saint-Germain-des-Prés was voted 12th best in the world in Restaurant magazine's Top 50.

Notable chefs who have worked at the ateliers include Lebanese writer Tara Khattar and Christophe Bellanca.

The World's 50 Best Restaurants
The World's 50 Best Restaurants  is a list produced by the UK media company William Reed, which originally appeared in the British magazine Restaurant in 2002. The list and awards are no longer directly related to Restaurant, though they are owned by the same media company.

In addition to the main 1–50 ranking, the organisation awards a series of special prizes for individuals and restaurants, including the One To Watch Award, the Icon Award, the Best Female Chef Award  and the Chefs' Choice Award, the latter based on votes from the fifty head chefs from the restaurants on the previous year's list. In specific regions the organisation also pre-announces a 51–100 list, showcasing more venues in the area. Often working as a barometer of global gastronomic trends, the list showcases a variety of cuisines from all over the world.
First Presbyterian Church of Oyster Bay
First Presbyterian Church built in 1873 is classified as an historic Stick/Eastlake style Presbyterian Church building located at 60 East Main Street in Oyster Bay, in the U.S. state of New York. Its architect was J. Cleaveland Cady, who was just beginning his career and would go on to design the original Metropolitan Opera House, the American Museum of Natural History, buildings at Yale University, Trinity College, and 23 other churches including the Plantsville Congregational Church, Southington, CT in the similar Gothic Revival style.

The congregation which dates back to 1842, is noted for its association with Theodore Roosevelt Sr., his wife, Martha Bulloch Roosevelt, and their children including their son, Theodore Roosevelt Jr., the future President of the United States. The funeral of Theodore Roosevelt Sr. was held in this building in 1878.

On December 12, 1976, the church building was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

Carpenter Gothic
Carpenter Gothic, also sometimes called Carpenter's Gothic or Rural Gothic, is a North American architectural style-designation for an application of Gothic Revival architectural detailing and picturesque massing applied to wooden structures built by house-carpenters. The abundance of North American timber and the carpenter-built vernacular architectures based upon it made a picturesque improvisation upon Gothic a natural evolution. Carpenter Gothic improvises upon features that were carved in stone in authentic Gothic architecture, whether original or in more scholarly revival styles; however, in the absence of the restraining influence of genuine Gothic structures, the style was freed to improvise and emphasize charm and quaintness rather than fidelity to received models. The genre received its impetus from the publication by Alexander Jackson Davis of Rural Residences and from detailed plans and elevations in publications by Andrew Jackson Downing.
Ekaterina Matlashova
Ekaterina Matlashova  (born 25 September 1994) is a Russian handball player for SCM Craiova and the Russian national team.

She was selected to represent Russia at the 2017 World Women's Handball Championship.

2017 World Women's Handball Championship
The 2017 IHF World Women's Handball Championship, the 23rd event hosted by the International Handball Federation, was held in Germany from 1 to 17 December 2017. Germany was the only applicant for this championship. Germany was host of the World Championships in 1965 and 1997.

France won their second title after 2003, by defeating reigning champions Norway 23–21 in the final.
Georgian football clubs in European competitions
Georgian football clubs have competed in European football tournaments since 1972–73 season, when Dinamo Tbilisi took part in UEFA Cup. At the time Georgian clubs were representing the Soviet Union. After gaining independence in 1991, clubs took part in the UEFA Champions League (formerly European Cup), UEFA Europa League (formerly UEFA Cup), UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and UEFA Intertoto Cup. Georgian clubs have been qualifying to European competitions through the Erovnuli Liga and Georgian Cup.

The biggest achievement of Georgian club football is winning UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1981 by Dinamo Tbilisi.

FC Torpedo Kutaisi
FC Torpedo Kutaisi (Georgian: საფეხბურთო კლუბი ტორპედო ქუთაისი) is a Georgian professional football club based in Kutaisi, Georgia's third largest city. The team competes in the Erovnuli Liga, the first tier of the national football league system.

Being the all-time second most successful Georgian club, Torpedo have been a regular member of the top division apart from three seasons in the late 2000s. They have won the national league four times, the Georgian Cup five times and the Super Cup three times.

Torpedo play their home games at the Ramaz Shengelia Stadium, known until 2015 as the Givi Kiladze stadium.
Pseudorhipsalis
Pseudorhipsalis is genus of cacti. This genus is often included in Disocactus. It is epiphytic, many branched, and elongated with flattened, serrated cladodes. In its early life, it stands erect, but soon becomes prostrate. It produces numerous flowers.

Phylloclade
Phylloclades and cladodes are flattened, photosynthetic shoots, which are usually considered to be modified branches. The two terms are used either differently or interchangeably by different authors. Phyllocladus, a genus of conifer, is named after these structures.  Phylloclades/cladodes have been identified in fossils dating from as early as the Permian.
Nantō, Mie
Nantō (南島町, Nantō-chō) was a town located in Watarai District, Mie Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 7,440 and a density of 55.92 persons per km2. The total area was 133.04 km2.

On October 1, 2005, Nantō, along with the town of Nansei (also from Watarai District), was merged to create the town of Minamiise and thus no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Municipalities of Japan
Municipalities are a level of administration in Japan. The country has three levels of governments: national, prefectural, and municipal.

The nation is divided into 47 prefectures (within these, one metropolis, one regional prefecture, and two urban prefectures). Each prefecture consists of numerous municipalities, with 1,718 in total as of October 2018.

There are four types of municipalities in Japan: cities (市, shi), towns (町, chō), villages (村, son) and special wards of Tokyo (区, ku). In Japanese, this system is known as shikuchōson (市区町村), where each kanji in the word represents one of the four types of municipalities. In Tokyo, because the wards are at the center, the system is officially referred to as kushichōson (区市町村), with the wards first, and cities second.

Some designated cities also have further administrative subdivisions, also known as wards, but, unlike the special wards of Tokyo, these wards are not municipalities.
Thomas W. Dempsey
Thomas W. Dempsey (born January 23, 1931, in Williamsport, Pennsylvania) is a former Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives.

He graduated from Williamsport High School in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, in 1948 and from Lycoming College in 1952. He was elected to represent the 83rd legislative district in November 1987, following the death of fellow Republican Anthony J. Cimini, a position he held until his retirement prior to the 2000 elections.

In 2001, he received the Angela R. Kyte Outstanding Alumnus Award from Lycoming College.

2000 Pennsylvania House of Representatives election
Elections for the Pennsylvania House of Representatives were held on November 7, 2000, with all districts being contested. State Representatives are elected for two-year terms, with the entire House of Representatives up for a vote every two years. The term of office for those elected in 2000 ran from January 3, 2001, until November 30, 2002. Necessary primary elections were held on April 4, 2000.
David Fairlie
David B. Fairlie (born in South Queensferry, Scotland, 1935) is a British mathematician and  theoretical physicist, Professor Emeritus at the
University of Durham (UK).

He was educated in mathematical physics at the University of Edinburgh (BSc 1957),
and  he earned a PhD at the University of Cambridge in 1960, under the 
supervision of John Polkinghorne. After postdoctoral training at Princeton University
and Cambridge, he was lecturer in St. Andrews (1962–64) and at Durham University 
(1964), retiring as Professor (2000).

He has made numerous influential contributions in particle and mathematical physics, 
notably in the early formulation of string theory, as well as the determination of the weak mixing angle in extra dimensions, infinite-dimensional Lie algebras, classical solutions of gauge theories,
 higher-dimensional 
gauge theories, and 
deformation quantization.

He has co-authored several volumes, notably on quantum mechanics in phase space.

Phase space
The phase space of a physical system is the set of all possible physical states of the system when described by a given parameterization. Each possible state corresponds uniquely to a point in the phase space. For mechanical systems, the phase space usually consists of all possible values of the position and momentum parameters. It is the direct product of direct space and reciprocal space. The concept of phase space was developed in the late 19th century by Ludwig Boltzmann, Henri Poincaré, and Josiah Willard Gibbs.
Bill Harrelson
William Charles Harrelson (born November 17, 1945) is an American former professional baseball pitcher who appeared in ten games in Major League Baseball for the 1968 California Angels. Harrelson threw right-handed and was a switch hitter; he was listed as 6 feet 5 inches (1.96 m) tall and 215 pounds (98 kg).

Games pitched
In baseball statistics, games pitched (denoted by Games G in tables of only pitching statistics) is the number of games in which a player appears as a pitcher. The statistic is also referred to as appearances, especially to refer to the number of games a relief pitcher has pitched in.

Normally, a pitcher must face at least one batter (or three batters in some relief situations), but exceptions are made in the case of injury. A notable example was Larry Yount, who suffered an injury while throwing warmup pitches after being summoned as a reliever in a Major League Baseball (MLB) game on September 15, 1971. He did not face a batter, but was credited with an appearance because he had been announced as a substitute. Yount never appeared in (or actually played in) any other MLB game.
Orleans (album)
Orleans is the debut album from the soft rock band Orleans. Formed in 1972 by multi-instrumentalists/vocalists John Hall, Larry Hoppen, and Wells Kelly, the group had been playing at bars in upstate New York as a trio for several months before Hoppen's then 18-year-old brother Lance was added to take up the position of bassist.

Orleans (band)
Orleans is an American pop rock band formed in 1972 in Woodstock, New York by John Hall, Larry Hoppen and Wells Kelly. Larry's younger brother, bassist Lance Hoppen and drummer Jerry Marotta joined the band in 1972 and 1976, respectively. The band is best known for its hits "Dance with Me" (No. 6 in 1975); "Still the One" (No. 5 in 1976), from the album Waking and Dreaming; and "Love Takes Time" (No. 11 in 1979). The group's name evolved from the music it was playing when it formed; their music is inspired in part by Louisiana artists, including Allen Toussaint and the Neville Brothers.
Clubb
Clubb is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

George Clubb (1844–1924), Scottish-born Australian politician

Oliver Edmund Clubb (1901–1989), American diplomat and historian

Tony Clubb (born 1987), English rugby league footballer

William Clubb (1884–1962), Canadian politician

Oliver Edmund Clubb
Oliver Edmund Clubb (16 February 1901 - 9 May 1989) was a 20th-century American diplomat and historian. He was considered one of the China Hands:  United States State Department officials attacked during McCarthyism in the 1950s for "losing China" to the Communists.
893 Dvin earthquake
The 893 Dvin earthquake occurred on 28 December 893 at around midnight. It had a magnitude of approximately 6 and a maximum intensity of approximately IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale. It destroyed the city of Dvin in Armenia, causing approximately 30,000 casualties.

The earthquake is sometimes referred to as the 893 Ardabil earthquake. Although the 893 Ardabil earthquake appears in several catalogues the event may not have happened. The similarity of the Arabic name for Dvin, 'Dabil' to Ardabil in northwestern Iran, may have caused confusion in written records. The Ardabil area is prone to numerous earthquakes and was struck by a major earthquake in 1997.

1997 Ardabil earthquake
The 1997 Ardabil earthquake occurred on 28 February with a moment magnitude of 6.1 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). The strike-slip earthquake occurred in northern Iran, near the city of Ardabil.
AKR1B1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B1 (AKR1B1) is an gene in humans that encodes the enzyme aldose reductase. It is a reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent enzyme catalyzing the reduction of various aldehydes and ketones to the corresponding alcohol. The involvement of AKR1B1 in oxidative stress diseases, cell signal transduction, and cell proliferation process endows AKR1B1 with potential as a therapeutic target.

Ketone
In organic chemistry, a ketone /ˈkiːtoʊn/ is an organic compound with the structure R−C(=O)−R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group −C(=O)− (a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). A ketone derived from an alkane is an alkanone. The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' are methyl), with the formula (CH3)2CO. Many ketones are of great importance in biology and industry. Examples include many sugars (ketoses), many steroids, e.g., testosterone, and the solvent acetone.
Ganja Battalion
The Ganja Volunteer Battalion (Azerbaijani: Gəncə yarım könüllü batalyonu) was a battalion of volunteers made up of active and reserve Azerbaijani military personnel sent to the Nagorno-Karabakh region as part of the Armed Forces of Azerbaijan force fighting in the first Nagorno-Karabakh War. The battalion is best known for liberation of Askeran province and elimination of Armenian Arabo Unit on June 29, 1992, in Ağdərə.

Askeran Province
Askeran Province (Armenian: Ասկերանի շրջան) was a province of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh, de jure part of the Khojaly District of the Republic of Azerbaijan. It was in the center of Artsakh, surrounding the capital, Stepanakert. It was notable for containing the Tigranakert of Artsakh.
El secreto de la solterona
El secreto de la solterona (also known as The Secret of the Spinster or The Secret of the Old Maid) is a 1945 Mexican mystery romantic drama film directed and co-written by Miguel M. Delgado, based on an 1868 book of the same name by E. Marlitt.

Miguel M. Delgado
Miguel Melitón Delgado Pardavé (17 May 1905 – 2 January 1994) was a Mexican film director and screenwriter best known for directing thirty-three of Cantinflas' films, under contract of Posa Films. He directed 139 films between 1941 and 1990. His film The Three Musketeers was entered into the 1946 Cannes Film Festival.
MTV Unplugged (Live in Melbourne)
MTV Unplugged (Live in Melbourne) is the first live album by Australian alternative band Gang of Youths. Gang of Youths were the first band to record a MTV Unplugged live in Australia in the new millennium.

The album includes nine tracks from their album Go Farther in Lightness and one from their EP Let Me Be Clear. Gang of Youths bassist Max Dunn said the performance was a "pretty important moment" for the group, explaining "it's a cool chance to do something a little different and stretch ourselves and give the fans a little more experience of the songs."

The recording took place at Cobblestone Pavilion, West Melbourne on 25 July 2018 and was broadcast on MTV Australia on 19 August 2018. The album was released on 26 October 2018.

David Le'aupepe
David Immanuel Menachem Sasagi Le’aupepe is an Australian singer, songwriter, guitarist and frontman of alternative rock band Gang of Youths, which he founded in 2011. He served as the sole songwriter on the band's first two albums, The Positions (2015) and Go Farther in Lightness (2017), finding lyrical inspiration from personal hardships including loss. Following the death of his father in 2018, the band's most recent album, Angel in Realtime (2022), is a reflection on Le'aupepe's grieving process and family identity.