hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Columbia Airport (Ohio)
Columbia Airport (FAA LID: 4G8) is a privately owned, public use airport in Lorain County, Ohio, United States. It is located one nautical mile (2 km) northwest of the central business district of Columbia Station, Ohio.

Columbia Township, Lorain County, Ohio
Columbia Township, also known as Columbia Station or just Columbia, is the easternmost of the eighteen townships of Lorain County, Ohio, United States. Columbia Township is the official government name, while Columbia Station is the post office name, and tends to be the town name used by residents. The post office name was chosen to differentiate the township from other Columbia Townships statewide, located in Hamilton and Meigs counties.

As of the 2020 census, the township had a population of 7,411.
Bull Meadow
Bull Neadow is a 1.4 hectare Local Nature Reserve in Colchester in Essex, owned and managed by Colchester Borough Council.

The meadow is unimproved damp grassland on the bank of the River Colne, with plants such as purple loosestrife and amphibious bistort. In drier areas there are great willowherb, creeping thistle and stinging nettles. There are many species of butterflies and spiders, and birds include warblers.

There is access from Meander Mews.

Urtica dioica
Urtica dioica, often known as common nettle, burn nettle, stinging nettle, nettle leaf, or just a nettle or stinger, is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant in the family Urticaceae. Originally native to Europe, much of temperate Asia and western North Africa, it is now found worldwide.

The species is divided into six subspecies, five of which have many hollow stinging hairs called trichomes on the leaves and stems, which act like hypodermic needles, injecting histamine and other chemicals that produce a stinging sensation upon contact ("contact urticaria", a form of contact dermatitis).

The plant has a long history of use as a source for traditional medicine, food, tea, and textile raw material in ancient (such as Saxon) and modern societies.
Asemia
Asemia is the term for the medical condition of being unable to understand or express any signs or symbols.
It is a more severe condition than aphasia, which is the inability to understand linguistic signs. Asemia is caused by damage to the areas of the brain that process communication – more specifically, when there is damage to the left side of the brain in the areas that process communication such as Broca's and Wernicke's areas. Damage can be inflicted by physical trauma to the brain, but is more commonly caused by stroke and sometimes tumors. The onset of this condition is usually quick but not permanent. Treatment of this condition is traditional speech therapy in which the individual must relearn how to read, write, and talk. Depending on the severity of the injury, recovery can take days to years. Considerable recovery is common, but often not to the full extent of baseline ability.

Symbol
A symbol is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, relationship, or mathematical formula. Symbols allow people to go beyond what is known or seen by creating linkages between otherwise different concepts and experiences. All communication is achieved through the use of symbols: for example, a red octagon is a common symbol for "STOP"; on maps, blue lines often represent rivers; and a red rose often symbolizes love and compassion. Numerals are symbols for numbers; letters of an alphabet may be symbols for certain phonemes; and personal names are symbols representing individuals. The academic study of symbols is called semiotics.

In the arts, symbolism is the use of a concrete element to represent a more abstract idea. In cartography, an organized collection of symbols forms a legend for a map.
Ariwara no Yukihira
Ariwara no Yukihira (在原 行平; 818 – September 6, 893) was a Japanese Heian period courtier and bureaucrat, who held a number of positions over the course of his life. At one time or another, he was governor of the provinces of Harima, Bizen, Shinano, and Bitchū. He also served as Councillor (中納言, chūnagon), Minister of Agriculture (民部卿, minbukyō), and inspector (azechi) of Mutsu and Dewa provinces.

Yukihira was also a poet, many of his works being published alongside those of his brother, Narihira. He also established a school, called Shogaku-in, for the purpose of educating members of the Ariwara family.

His most famous poem, no. 16 in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu is as follows:

Chūnagon
Chūnagon (中納言) was a counselor of the second rank in the Imperial court of Japan. The role dates from the 7th century.

The role was eliminated from the Imperial hierarchy in 701, but it was re-established in 705. This advisory position remained a part of the Imperial court from the 8th century until the Meiji period in the 19th century.

This became a Taihō Code office in the early feudal Japanese government or daijō-kan.

In the ranks of the Imperial bureaucracy, the Chūnagon came between the Dainagon (major counselors) and the Shōnagon (minor counselors).  Imperial honors included the sometimes creation of a temporary or "acting middle counselor" (権中納言, gon-chūnagon).

The number of Chūnagon has varied, from three in 705 to four in 756.  There were eight in 1015; and in later years, there were up to ten Chūnagon at one time.
Beuno
Saint Beuno (Latin: Bonus; d. 640), sometimes anglicized as Bono, was a 7th-century Welsh abbot, confessor, and saint. Baring-Gould gives St Beuno's date of death as 21 April 640, making that date his traditional feastday. In the current Roman Catholic liturgical calendar for Wales, he is commemorated on 20 April, the 21st being designated for Saint Anselm.

Anglicisation of names
The anglicisation of personal names is the change of non-English-language personal names to spellings nearer English sounds, or substitution of equivalent or similar English personal names in the place of non-English personal names.
Avoid Bay Islands Conservation Park
The Avoid Bay Islands Conservation Park is a protected area in the Australian state of South Australia occupying three islands located west-southwest of Coffin Bay on the Eyre Peninsula. The group, which includes Black Rocks and Sudden Jerk Island (also known as Avoid Island), supports breeding populations of seabirds and marine mammals. Colonies of the endangered Australian sea lion (Neophoca cinerea) and protected New Zealand fur seal (Arctocephalus forsteri) occur on some of these islands.
The conservation park is classified as an IUCN Category Ia protected area.

Australian sea lion
The Australian sea lion (Neophoca cinerea), also known as the Australian sea-lion or Australian sealion, is a species of sea lion that is the only endemic pinniped in Australia. It is currently monotypic in the genus Neophoca, with the extinct Pleistocene New Zealand sea lion Neophoca palatina the only known congener. With a population estimated at 14,730 animals, the Wildlife Conservation Act of Western Australia (1950) has listed them as "in need of special protection". Their conservation status is listed as endangered. These pinnipeds are specifically known for their abnormal breeding cycles, which are varied between a 5-month breeding cycle and a 17-18-month aseasonal breeding cycle, compared to other pinnipeds, which fit into a 12-month reproductive cycle. Females are either silver or fawn with a cream underbelly, and males are dark brown with a yellow mane and are bigger than the females.
Rugby Canada National Junior Championship
The Rugby Canada National Junior Championship was an amateur rugby union competition in Canada. It only lasted two seasons, 2009 and 2010.  The 2009 champion was the Vancouver Wave, and the 2010 championship went to the Newfoundland Rock.

The league was created when Rugby Canada disbanded the Rugby Canada Super League (RCSL) and replace it with a new under-20 league. The league consisted of 12 teams, and was broken up into four divisions; Pacific, Prairie, Central, and Atlantic.

The league was intended to train, test, and get young rugby players ready so that someday they will be able to compete for the Canadian national rugby union team.

Amateur
An amateur (from French 'one who loves') is generally considered a person who pursues an avocation independent from their source of income. Amateurs and their pursuits are also described as popular, informal, self-taught, user-generated, DIY, and hobbyist.
Haripur, Punjab
Haripur is a village in Nakodar in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 10 km from Nakodar, 45 km from Kapurthala, 34 km from district headquarter Jalandhar and 153 km from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Jalandhar district
Jalandhar district is a district in Doaba region of the state of Punjab, India. The district headquarters is the city of Jalandhar.

Before the Partition of India, Jalandhar was also the headquarters of the Jalandhar Division, with constituent districts Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana, Ferozepur and Kangra. The entire Jalandhar Division was awarded to India when Punjab was partitioned.
Starorussky (rural locality)
Starorussky (Russian: Старору́сский; masculine), Starorusskaya (Старору́сская; feminine), or Starorusskoye (Старору́сское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Starorusskoye, Kaliningrad Oblast, a settlement in Khrabrovsky Rural Okrug of Guryevsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast

Starorusskoye, Leningrad Oblast, a logging depot settlement in Polyanskoye Settlement Municipal Formation of Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast

Starorusskoye, Sakhalin Oblast, a selo under the administrative jurisdiction of the city of oblast significance of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Sakhalin Oblast

Vyborgsky District, Leningrad Oblast
Vyborgsky District (Russian: Вы́боргский райо́н, romanized: Výborgskiy raión, IPA: [ˈvɨbərkskʲɪj rɐˈjɵn]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast on the Karelian Isthmus and borders with Priozersky District in the northeast, Vsevolozhsky District in the east, Kurortny District of the federal city of St. Petersburg in the south, Kymenlaakso and South Karelia regions of Finland in the northwest, and Lakhdenpokhsky District of the Republic of Karelia in the north. From the southwest, the district is limited by the Gulf of Finland. The area of the district is 7,475.472 square kilometers (2,886.296 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Vyborg. Population (excluding the administrative center): 120,446 (2010 Census); 113,748 (2002 Census); 108,571 (1989 Soviet census).
Lady Franklin's Lament
"Lady Franklin's Lament" (also known as "Lord Franklin" and "The Sailor's Dream") is a traditional folk ballad indexed by George Malcolm Laws (Laws K09) and Steve Roud (Roud 487). The song recounts the story of a sailor who dreams about Lady Franklin speaking of the loss of her husband, Sir John Franklin, who disappeared in Baffin Bay during his 1845 expedition through the Arctic Ocean in search of the Northwest Passage sea route to the Pacific Ocean. The song first appeared as a Broadside ballad around 1850 and has since been recorded with the melody of the Irish traditional air "Cailín Óg a Stór" by numerous artists. It has been found in Ireland, in Scotland, and in some regions of Canada.

Roud Folk Song Index
The Roud Folk Song Index is a database of around 250,000 references to nearly 25,000 songs collected from oral tradition in the English language from all over the world. It is compiled by Steve Roud. Roud's Index is a combination of the Broadside Index (printed sources before 1900) and a "field-recording index" compiled by Roud. It subsumes all the previous printed sources known to Francis James Child (the Child Ballads) and includes recordings from 1900 to 1975. Until early 2006, the index was available by a CD subscription; now it can be found online on the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library website, maintained by the English Folk Dance and Song Society (EFDSS). A partial list is also available at List of folk songs by Roud number.
Socialist Party of National Liberation
The Socialist Party of National Liberation (Catalan: Partit Socialista d'Alliberament Nacional, PSAN) was an independentist and communist party active in Catalonia. The PSAN was created in 1968 following a split in the more leftist sector of the National Front of Catalonia. Initially it was only present the Catalonia, but later also gained presence in the French region of Roussillon (September 1971), the Valencian Community (July 1974) and the Balearic Islands (February 1976). The party was illegal and clandestine until 1978, when all parties were fully legalised, after the Franco Dictatorship.

Basques
The Basques are a Southwestern European ethnic group, characterised by the Basque language, a common culture, shared genetic ancestry to the ancient Vascones and Aquitanians, and are considered among the last remaining direct descendants of Neolithic Europeans populations in Europe. Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, an area traditionally known as the Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herria)—a region that is located around the western end of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and straddles parts of north-central Spain and south-western France.
Thudikkum Karangal (1983 film)
Thudikkum Karangal (transl. Shivering hands) is a 1983 Indian Tamil-language action drama film written and directed by C. V. Sridhar, and produced by K. R. Gangadharan. The film stars Rajinikanth and Radha, while Jaishankar, Sujatha, Vijayakumar and Y. G. Mahendran play other supporting roles. The soundtrack was composed by S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, who made his debut as composer with this film in Tamil. It was average at box-office.

Y. G. Mahendran
Yecha Gunja Mahendran (born 9 January 1950), also known as Y. G. Mahendran or Y. G. Mahendra,  is an Indian actor, dramatist, singer, playwright and comedian from the state of Tamil Nadu. He has acted in a number of plays and films. He is the son of Y. G. Parthasarathy, one of the pioneers of modern Tamil drama and Rajalakshmi Parthasarathy, founder and dean of Padma Seshadri Bala Bhavan group of schools, and nephew of veteran Tamil filmmaker K. Balaji. Mahendran is also the cousin of actress Vyjayanthimala and the co-brother of Rajinikanth and Mohanlal.
2018 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship qualification
The 2018 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship qualification  is a series of tournaments to decide teams which will play in the 2018 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship. The 2018 World Championship will feature 24 teams. Two places were allocated to the hosts, Japan and the titleholder, United States. The remaining 22 places will be determined by a qualification process in which entrants from among the other teams from the five FIVB confederations will compete.

Japan women's national volleyball team
The Japan women's national volleyball team (Hinotori Nippon, 火の鳥NIPPON), or All-Japan women's volleyball team, is currently ranked 7th in the world by FIVB. The head coach is Ferhat Akbaş.

One of their greatest successes was at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, when they defeated the heavily favored Soviet Union on the way to the gold medal.

Japan was qualified for the 2004 Summer Olympics by winning the Women's Olympic Qualifier that was held from 8 May to 16 May in Tokyo, Japan. In Athens, Greece the team took fifth place in the overall-rankings.

Finally after almost three decades of medal drought in the Olympics, Japan took home the bronze medal by defeating South Korea in the 2012 Summer Olympics.
Benajah Collins
Benajah Collins (October 29, 1734 – 1820) was a merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Queen's County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1784 to 1797.
He was born in Chatham, Massachusetts, the son of Joseph Collins and Abigail Crowell, and later settled in Liverpool, Nova Scotia. Collins married Susannah Tracy. He was involved in the fisheries and coastal trade, owning a number of ships. Collins was also a justice in the Inferior Court of Common Pleas for Queen's County. He was elected to the assembly in a 1784 by-election held after Nathaniel Freeman's seat was declared vacant for non-attendance. In 1797, Collins went back to Massachusetts, settling in Danvers. He returned to Liverpool in 1815 to dispose of his property there; he died in Danvers several years later.

His son George also served in the provincial assembly. His daughter Susanna married James Taylor and their son William Benajah Taylor later served in the assembly.

Chatham, Massachusetts
Chatham (/ˈtʃætəm/) is a town on Cape Cod in Massachusetts. Chatham is located at the southeastern tip of Cape Cod and has historically been a fishing community. First settled by the English in 1664, the township was originally called Monomoit based on the indigenous population's term for the region.  Chatham was incorporated as a town on June 11, 1712, and has become a summer resort area. The population was 6,594 at the 2020 census and can swell to 25,000 during the summer months. There are four villages that comprise the town, those being Chatham (CDP), South Chatham, North Chatham, and West Chatham. Chatham is home to the Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge and the decommissioned Monomoy Point Light, both located on Monomoy Island. A popular attraction is the Chatham Light, which is an operational lighthouse that is operated by the United States Coast Guard.
Arnfinn Johs. Stein
Arnfinn Johannes Stein (30 January 1931 – 15 February 2024) was a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party.

He was born in Sømna Municipality and took a deacon's education in Oslo. After a period working at the National Centre for Epilepsy, Stein was hired as a deacon in the health service at Eidanger Salpeterfabrikk.

Settling in Eidanger Municipality, he chaired the local chapter of the Christian Democratic Party, was elected to the municipal council of Porsgrunn Municipality and Telemark county council. He was elected as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Telemark during the terms 1977–1981 and 1981–1985. In total he met during 52 days of parliamentary session.

Stein's main political field was social policy and alcoholism care. Active in the International Blue Cross, he was a co-founder and director of their Borgestad Clinic.

He is the father of politician Bente Stein Mathisen. In his later life he resided at Capralhaugen near Grav.

Sømna Municipality
Sømna is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Helgeland traditional region. The administrative center of Sømna is the village of Vik i Helgeland. Other villages in the municipality include Dalbotn, Sund, Vennesund, and Berg.

The 195-square-kilometre (75 sq mi) municipality is the 302nd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Sømna Municipality is the 282md most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,976. The municipality's population density is 10.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (26/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 3.5% over the previous 10-year period.

The oldest remains of a boat ever found in Norway (the 2,500-year-old Haugvikbåten) was discovered in a bog in Sømna.

Sømna has some of the best agriculture in the region. Dairy and beef cows as well as grains are produced in Sømna. There is also a dairy in Berg that produces milk and cheese.
Colorado low
A Colorado low is a low-pressure area that forms in southeastern Colorado or northeastern New Mexico, typically in the winter. After forming, the system moves across the Great Plains. Colorado lows can produce heavy wintry precipitation, and have a general east to northeast movement, impacting regions as far north as Winnipeg and as far east as the Atlantic coast. If upper-level conditions are right, the jet stream can push the low farther south, bringing wintry precipitation as far as Texas. When pushed this far south, the system is often referred to as a "blue norther". On the more typical track, a Colorado low can be similar to an Alberta clipper. In the winter Colorado lows are responsible for a majority of the snow that the Midwest receives; however, summer systems can trigger long-lasting convective systems, including severe weather. Spring and early summer Colorado low cyclogenesis can result in significant tornado outbreaks over the Great Plains and Midwest.

Severe weather
Severe weather is any dangerous meteorological phenomenon with the potential to cause damage, serious social disruption, or loss of life. These vary depending on the latitude, altitude, topography, and atmospheric conditions. High winds, hail, excessive precipitation, and wildfires are forms and effects, as are thunderstorms, downbursts, tornadoes, waterspouts, tropical cyclones, and extratropical cyclones. Regional and seasonal phenomena include blizzards, snowstorms, ice storms, and duststorms.

Severe weather is one type of extreme weather, which includes unexpected, unusual, severe, or unseasonal weather and is by definition rare for that location or time of the year. Due to the effects of climate change, the frequency and intensity of some of the extreme weather events are increasing, for example, heatwaves and droughts.: 9
Hôpital Honoré-Mercier
The Honoré Mercier Hospital (French: Hôpital Honoré-Mercier) is the major hospital in Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada. It serves Saint-Hyacinthe its surrounding Les Maskoutains Regional County Municipality, as well as the neighbouring Acton Regional County Municipality and La Vallée-du-Richelieu Regional County Municipality.

It currently has 213 acute care, 35 short-term psychiatric and 25 mental health shelter beds (Saint-Charles Pavilion).

The hospital is named for Honoré Mercier, a lawyer, journalist and politician best known for being the ninth Premier of Quebec from 27 January 1887 to 21 December 1891.

Premier of Quebec
The premier of Quebec (French: premier ministre du Québec [pʁəmje ministʁ dy kebɛk] (masculine) or première ministre du Québec [pʁəmjɛʁ-] [feminine]) is the first minister and head of government of the Canadian province of Quebec. The current premier of Quebec is François Legault of the Coalition Avenir Québec, sworn in on October 18, 2018, following that year's election.
Affirmation (George Benson song)
"Affirmation" is a composition by José Feliciano, written in 1975 and first released on his album Just Wanna Rock 'n' Roll the same year. It was made popular by jazz guitarist George Benson on his 1976 album Breezin'. It was one of Benson's greatest hits and it is regarded as a jazz standard.

Japanese DJ and composer Nujabes sampled Jose Feliciano's rendition of Affirmation for the instrumental track, Counting Stars, which appears on the compilation album, Hydeout Productions 2nd Collection.

José Feliciano
José Montserrate Feliciano García (Spanish pronunciation: [xoˈse feliˈsjano]; born September 10, 1945) is a Puerto Rican musician. He recorded many international hits, including his rendition of the Doors' "Light My Fire" and his self-penned Christmas song "Feliz Navidad". Music genres he explores consist of a fusion of many styles, such as Latin, blues, jazz, soul and rock music, created primarily with the help of his signature acoustic guitar sound.

In the United States, Feliciano became popular in the 1960s, particularly after his 1968 album Feliciano! reached number 2 on the music charts. Since then in his career, he has released over 50 albums worldwide in both the English and Spanish languages.