hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elizabeth Ashbridge
Elizabeth Ashbridge (née Sampson; 1713 – May 16, 1755) was an 18th-century New England Quaker minister and autobiographer born in Cheshire, England. Her compelling autobiography, Some Account of the Fore Part of the Life of Elizabeth Ashbridge, provides a valuable firsthand account of her spiritual journey, her conversion to Quakerism, and the challenges she faced as a woman preacher in the 18th century. Ashbridge's writings offer insights into the social and religious landscape of colonial America, particularly the experiences of women and the development of Quaker communities. Her life story is characterized by her resilience in the face of adversity, her unwavering commitment to her faith, and her powerful voice as a religious leader.

Project Muse
Project MUSE, a non-profit collaboration between libraries and publishers, is an online database of peer-reviewed academic journals and electronic books. As of 2024, Project Muse hosts over 800 journals and 100,000 books in digital humanities and social sciences, sourced from approximately 400 university presses and scholarly societies worldwide. It is an aggregator of digital versions of academic journals, all of which are free of digital rights management (DRM). It operates as a third-party acquisition service like EBSCO, JSTOR,  OverDrive, and ProQuest. Project Muse's online journal collections are available on a subscription basis to academic, public, special, and school libraries.
Fonte della Fata Morgana
The Fonte della Fata Morgana (Fountain of Fata Morgana), locally also called '"Casina delle Fate" (Little Fairy House), at Grassina, is a small garden building located not far from Florence, Italy, in the comune of Bagno a Ripoli. It was built in 1573–1574 as a garden feature in the extensive grounds of the Villa il Riposo of Bernardo Vecchietti on the slope of the hill called Fattucchia.

The Fonte della Fata Morgana at one time was enriched by sculptures, including a bust of Morgana by Flemish artist Giambologna in the nymphaeum, which is now in a private collection. The site has been under restoration and redevelopment since 2016.

It is among that group of artificial garden grottoes and nymphaeums made for private gardens, and less well known than those in the Boboli Gardens or the Medici villa at Pratolino.

Bagno a Ripoli
Bagno a Ripoli is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 7 kilometres (4 mi) southeast of Florence.

The International School of Florence has its primary school campus in the comune.
Margaret Chin
Margaret S. Chin (born May 26, 1953) is a Chinese American politician who served as a council member for the 1st district of the New York City Council from 2010 to 2021. A Democrat, she and Queens Council member Peter Koo comprised the Asian American delegation of the city council.

Her district included all or parts of Battery Park City, Chinatown, Civic Center, East Village, Ellis Island, Financial District, Governors Island, Greenwich Village, Liberty Island, Little Italy, Lower East Side, NoHo, Nolita, SoHo, Tribeca, and the West Village.

West Village
The West Village is a neighborhood in the western section of the larger Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan, New York City. The West Village is bounded by the Hudson River to the west and 14th Street to the north. The eastern boundary is variously cited as Greenwich Avenue, Seventh Avenue, or Sixth Avenue, while the southern boundary is either Houston Street or Christopher Street.

The West Village is part of Manhattan Community District 2, and is patrolled by the 6th Precinct of the New York City Police Department. Residential property sale prices in West Village are among the most expensive in the United States, typically exceeding US$2,100 per square foot ($23,000/m2) in 2017.
Frenċ tal-Għarb
Francis Xavier Mercieca (Maltese: Franġisku Saverju Mercieca, né Franġisku Saverju Mercieca; 3 December 1892 – 19 May 1967), more commonly known as Frenċ tal-Għarb, was a farmer and healer from the village of Għarb, Gozo, Malta. He was a service apostle of Our Lady of Ta' Pinu.

Geography of Malta
The geography of Malta is dominated by water. Malta is an archipelago of coralline limestone, located in Southern Europe, but like most of Sicily sits on the African tectonic plate in the Mediterranean Sea.  Malta is 81 kilometres (50 mi) south of Sicily, Italy, and nearly 300 km (190 mi) north (Libya) and northeast (Tunisia) of Africa. Although Malta is located farther south than Tunis and some other cities in North Africa, it is not the Southernmost point of Europe. Only the three largest islands – Malta, Gozo and Comino – are inhabited. Other (uninhabited) islands are: Cominotto, Filfla and the St. Paul's Islands. The country is approximately 316 km2 (122 sq mi) in area. Numerous bays along the indented coastline of the islands provide harbours. The landscape of the islands is characterised by high hills with terraced fields. The capital is Valletta.
John Jonik
John Jonik (born April 30, 1942) is an American artist, cartoonist, writer, and activist known for his fine art, gag cartoons, commercial art, and political cartoons from the late 1960s to the 2020s. Notable works include a community mural, paintings, snow globe designs, and cartoons for The New York Times, The New Yorker, and F&SF. Jonik is also active with the Philadelphia Dumpster Divers, a found object art collective dedicated to creative reuse.  His lifelong interest in games and puzzles led him to create the schizonym, a new kind of visual pun.

Upcycling
Upcycling, also known as creative reuse, is the process of transforming by-products, waste materials, useless, or unwanted products into new materials or products perceived to be of greater quality, such as artistic value or environmental value.
Babak Roshaninejad
Babak Roshaninejad (born 1977 in Iran)  is a contemporary Iranian artist.  He is known for is large scale thick oil paintings that are mainly inspired by social philosophy and the global language of the visual arts. His works were collected by the Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art.

Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art
Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art (Persian: موزه هنرهای معاصر تهران), also known as TMoCA, is among the largest art museums in Tehran and Iran. It has collections of more than 3,000 items that include 19th and 20th-century's world-class European and American paintings, prints, drawings, and sculptures. TMoCA also has one of the greatest collections of Iranian modern and contemporary art.

The museum was inaugurated by Shahbanu Farah Pahlavi (Persian: فرح پهلوی) in 1977, just two years before the 1979 Revolution. TMoCA is considered to have the most valuable collections of modern Western masterpieces outside Europe and North America.
General Stefan Grot-Rowecki Bridge
The General Stefan "Grot" Rowecki Bridge (sometimes called the Toruń Bridge, the Grot-Roweckiego Bridge or the Grot Bridge) is a bridge over the Vistula River in Warsaw. It was built from 1977 to 1981 as part of the Trasa Toruńska major thoroughfare by Przedsiębiorstwo Robót Kolejowych No. 15 (the abutments and supports) and Mostostal (the supporting structure and installation). Today, it is part of the S8 expressway, forming the northern bypass of Warsaw.

Mostostal
Mostostal is a steel construction group of companies based in Warsaw, Poland, part of one of the largest industrial conglomerate companies in Poland.

The company produces  a wide range of steel industrial structures. Projects have included chemical plants and radio masts.
Aké Arts and Book Festival
The Aké Arts and Book Festival is a literary and artistic event held annually in Nigeria. It was founded in 2013 by Lola Shoneyin, a Nigerian writer and poet, in Abeokuta. It features new and established writers from across the world, and its primary focus has been to promote, develop, and celebrate the creativity of African writers, poets, and artists. The Aké Arts and Book Festival has been described as the African continent's biggest annual gathering of literary writers, editors, critics, and readers. The festival has an official website and a dedicated magazine, known as the Aké Review.

Niyi Osundare
Niyi Osundare Listenⓘ is a Nigerian poet, dramatist, linguist, and literary critic. Born on 12 March 1947, in Ikere-Ekiti, Nigeria, his poetry is influenced by the oral tradition of his Yoruba culture, which he hybridizes with other poetic traditions of the world, including African-American, Latin American, Asian, and European.
Mons Haukeland
Mons Olai Haukeland (29 February 1892 – 26 July 1983) was a Norwegian gymnastics teacher and military officer, and district leader of Milorg during World War II until his arrest in 1943. He was imprisoned at Grini concentration camp from 8 to 9 December 1943, then at Sachsenhausen until the camp was liberated. He has been called father of the Norwegian Home Guard, being its general inspector (Norwegian: generalinspektør) from its formation in 1946 to 1958. He was promoted to the rank of major general in 1954.

Haukeland was appointed a Commander of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav in 1959, Commander of the Danish Order of the Dannebrog and of the Swedish Order of the Sword. He was also awarded the Defence Medal 1940–1945 with Rosette, and the Home Guard Medal of Merit.

Haukeland was born in Os Municipality, and was educated as military officer and gymnastics teacher. He worked as a gymnastics teacher in Bergen from 1923 to 1943.

Norwegian Home Guard
The Norwegian Home Guard (Norwegian: Heimevernet – "HV") is the rapid mobilization force within the Norwegian armed forces. Its main focus is local defense and civil support, but it can also detach volunteers for international operations. Its main tasks are safeguarding territorial integrity, strengthening military presence, and protecting important infrastructure.

It has land defense units, and has volunteers and conscript personnel with backgrounds from all branches. 
Founded 6 December 1946, it is the second youngest branch in the Norwegian armed forces after the Norwegian Cyber Defence Force (Cyberforsvaret).
Astyanax apiaka
Astyanax apiaka is a is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acestrorhamphidae, the American characins. This fish is endemic to the Apiacá River in Mato Grosso, Brazil. It is one of the more recently described members of the genus, which results in little published research of its natural behaviors or preferred biotopes. However, descriptions of its appearance and general environment have been solidified, as well as some baseline information regarding its diet. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature considers it a data deficient species.

Acestrorhamphidae
Acestrorhamphidae, the American tetras, are a diverse family of freshwater fish in the order Characiformes. They are native to North and South America, from the southwestern United States south to temperate Argentina, with a few species introduced to other parts of the world. It includes many genera previously placed in the family Characidae, which was split into multiple families in 2024. It contains many of the most famous ornamental aquarium fish that are popularly known as tetras.
Haiden Deegan
Haiden Deegan (born January 10, 2006) is an American professional motorcycle racer, competing in the AMA Supercross and Motocross championships. He is a two-time 250cc SMX Champion, a two-time AMA Motocross 250cc Champion, & the 2025 AMA Supercross 250cc West Champion.

Motorcycle racing
The motorcycle sport of racing (also called moto racing and motorbike racing) includes motorcycle road racing and off-road racing, both either on circuits or open courses, and track racing. Other categories include hill climbs, drag racing and land speed record trials.
Pizotifen
Pizotifen, also known as pizotyline and sold under the brand names Sandomigran and Mosegor among others, is an antimigraine agent of the tricyclic group which is used primarily as a preventative to reduce the frequency of recurrent migraine headaches.

Drug overdose
A drug overdose (overdose or OD) is the ingestion or application of a drug or other substance in quantities much greater than are recommended. Typically the term is applied for cases when a risk to health is a potential result. An overdose may result in a toxic state or death.
Pierre Plihon
Pierre Plihon (born 29 October 1989 in Nice), is a French athlete who competes in recurve archery.

Plihon first competed internationally in 2014, in which year he won a team gold medal at the 2014 European Archery Championships in Echmiadzin and qualified for the 2014 World Cup Final in Lausanne, including a silver medal at the first stage in Shanghai.
 He represented France at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro and at 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.

France at the 2016 Summer Olympics
France competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. French athletes had appeared in every Summer Olympic Games of the modern era, alongside Australia, Great Britain, and Greece. The French Olympic Committee sent its largest ever delegation in Olympic history outside of when it was the host nation, with a total of 401 athletes, 232 men and 169 women, competing in all sports, except field hockey.
Bulboaca, Anenii Noi
Bulboaca  is a commune and village in the Anenii Noi District of the Republic of Moldova. There is located the Mimi Castle.

On 1 June 2023, Moldova hosted in Bulboaca, at the Mimi Castle, the second summit of the European Political Community (EPC).

European Political Community
The European Political Community (EPC) is an intergovernmental forum for political and strategic discussions about the future of Europe, established in 2022 after the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The group first met in October 2022 in Prague, with participants from 44 European countries, as well as the Presidents of the European Council and the European Commission. It is distinct from both the European Union (which is a participant) and the Council of Europe (represented by its Secretary General). The 47 EPC participating states are home to 689.5 million people, constitute 8.7 percent of the world's population and represent about 23.5 percent of the global GDP.
Lange Ruige Weide
Lange Ruige Weide is a former municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. It was located west of the city of Oudewater, and covered the hamlets of Langeweide and Ruigeweide.

Lange Ruige Weide was a separate municipality from 1818 to 1964, when it became part of Driebruggen.

Ruigeweide
Ruigeweide is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is a part of the municipality of Oudewater, and lies about 2 km northwest of the city of Oudewater.

It was first mentioned in 1371 as "in de ruwer weyde, ende op ter langher weyde", and means meadow with rough vegetation. Also to distinguish it from Langeweide. The postal authorities have placed it under Oudewater. The hamlet has no place name signs. In 1840, Ruigeweide was home to 84 people.
Allen & Ginter
Allen & Ginter was a Richmond, Virginia, tobacco manufacturing company formed by John F. Allen and Lewis Ginter around 1880. The firm created and marketed the first cigarette cards for collecting and trading in the United States. Some of the notable cards in the series include baseball players Charles Comiskey, Cap Anson, and Jack Glasscock, as well as non-athletes like Buffalo Bill Cody.

The company merged with four other tobacco manufacturers to form the American Tobacco Company in 1890. Since 2006, a revived version of the brand has been issued by Topps for a line of baseball cards.

Charles Comiskey
Charles Albert Comiskey (August 15, 1859 – October 26, 1931), nicknamed "Commy" or "the Old Roman", was an American Major League Baseball player, manager, and team owner. He was a key person in the formation of the American League and was also founding owner of the Chicago White Sox. Comiskey Park, the White Sox's storied baseball stadium, was built under his guidance and named for him.

Comiskey's reputation was permanently tarnished by his team's involvement in the Black Sox Scandal, although he was inducted as an executive into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1939.
VPB-125
VPB-125 was a Patrol Bombing Squadron of the U.S. Navy. The squadron was established as Patrol Squadron 20 (VP-20) on 1 September 1938, redesignated Patrol Squadron 44 (VP-44) on 1 July 1940, redesignated Patrol Squadron 61 (VP-61) on 6 January 1941, redesignated Patrol Squadron 82 (VP-82) on 1 July 1941, redesignated Bombing Squadron 125 (VB-125) on 1 March 1943, redesignated Patrol Bombing Squadron 125 (VPB-125) on 1 October 1944 and disestablished on 8 June 1945.

Augusto Severo International Airport
Augusto Severo International Airport (IATA: NAT, ICAO: SBNT), originally called Parnamirim Airport, was the civilian airport that served Natal, Brazil, located in the adjoining municipality of Parnamirim. Starting on November 24, 1951, the airport was named after the aviator Augusto Severo de Albuquerque Maranhão (1864-1902).

On May 31, 2014, all domestic and international flights were moved to the new Gov. Aluízio Alves International Airport, and Augusto Severo was closed for civil aviation.

Some of its facilities were shared with the Natal Air Force Base of the Brazilian Air Force.
Ixia vinacea
Ixia vinacea is a perennial flowering plant and geophyte belonging to the genus Ixia and is part of the fynbos. The species is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs at Tulbagh. The plant has a range of less than 2 km2 where the single population consists of less than 500 plants. The species has lost large parts of its habitat to agricultural activities and is currently threatened by uncontrolled wildfires, invasive plants and overgrazing.

Tulbagh
Tulbagh (Afrikaans: [ˈtœlbaχ]), previously named Roodezand, then Land van Waveren later in 1804 named after Cape of Good Hope Governor Ryk Tulbagh, is a town located in the "Land van Waveren" mountain basin (also known as the Tulbagh basin), in the Winelands of the Western Cape, South Africa. The basin is fringed on three sides by mountains, and is drained by the Klein Berg River and its tributaries. The nearest towns are Ons Rust and Gouda beyond the Nuwekloof Pass, Wolseley some 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the south inside the basin, and Ceres and Prince Alfred Hamlet beyond Michell's Pass in the Warm Bokkeveld.
Karl Widerquist
Karl Widerquist (/ˈwaɪdərkwɪst/) is an American political philosopher and economist at Georgetown University on its campus in Qatar. He is best known as an advocate of basic income, but is also an interdisciplinary academic writer who has published in journals in fields as diverse as economics, politics, philosophy, and anthropology. He is a consistent critic of propertarianism, right-libertarianism, social contract theory, and the belief that modern societies fulfill the Lockean proviso.

Widerquist is the co-founder of the U.S. Basic Income Guarantee (USBIG) Network, which was the first Basic Income network in the United States. He was co-chair of the Basic Income Earth Network (BIEN) 2008–2017, and he co-founded Basic Income News in 2011. He has been a commentator on several television, radio, and print networks. According to the Atlantic Monthly, Karl Widerquist is "a leader of the worldwide basic income movement."

Propertarianism
Propertarianism, or proprietarianism, is a political philosophy that reduces all questions of law to the right to own property. On property rights, it advocates private property on the basis of Lockean sticky property norms, where an owner keeps their property more or less until they consent to gift or sell it, rejecting the Lockean proviso. Propertarianism is often described by its advocates as either synonymous with capitalism or its logical conclusion.

Closely related to and overlapping with right-libertarianism, it is also often accompanied with the idea that state monopoly law should be replaced by market-generated law centered on contractual relationships. Propertarian ideals are most commonly cited to advocate for an anarcho-capitalist or minarchist society, with governance systems either limited to enforcing contracts and private property or abolished through total privatization of its basic functions.
Carletonite
Carletonite is a rare phyllosilicate mineral with formula KNa4Ca4(CO3)4Si8O18(F,OH)·(H2O). Its tetragonal crystals are a translucent blue, white, colorless or pink with a vitreous to dull lustre. It has a density of 2.45 and a hardness of 4–4.5.

It was discovered by G.Y Chao and named for the school he attended, Carleton University of Ottawa. It was first described in 1969 for an occurrence at Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec. The type locality at Mont Saint–Hilaire is the only reported occurrence.

It occurs in hornfels and siliceous marble xenoliths within and adjacent to a nepheline syenite intrusion. It occurs in association with quartz, narsarsukite, calcite, fluorite, ancylite, molybdenite, leucosphenite, lorenzenite, galena, albite, pectolite, apophyllite, leifite, microcline and arfvedsonite.

Molybdenite
Molybdenite is a mineral of molybdenum disulfide, MoS2. Similar in appearance and feel to graphite, molybdenite has a lubricating effect that is a consequence of its layered structure.  The atomic structure consists of a sheet of molybdenum atoms sandwiched between sheets of sulfur atoms.  The Mo-S bonds are strong, but the interaction between the sulfur atoms at the top and bottom of separate sandwich-like tri-layers is weak, resulting in easy slippage as well as  cleavage planes.
Molybdenite crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system as the common polytype 2H and also in the trigonal system as the 3R polytype.
Piano Concerto (Ligeti)
The Concerto for Piano and Orchestra by György Ligeti is a five-movement piano concerto. Ligeti wrote:

I present my artistic credo in the Piano Concerto: I demonstrate my independence from the criteria of the traditional avantgarde, as well as the fashionable postmodernism. Musical illusions which I consider to be also so important are not a goal in itself for me, but a foundation for my aesthetical attitude. I prefer musical forms which have a more object-like than processual character. Music as "frozen" time, as an object in imaginary space evoked by music in our imagination, as a creation which really develops in time, but in imagination it exists simultaneously in all its moments. The spell of time, the enduring its passing by, closing it in a moment of the present is my main intention as a composer.

It is dedicated to the American conductor Mario di Bonaventura who premiered the work.

Avant-garde music
Avant-garde music is music that is considered to be at the forefront of innovation in its field, with the term avant-garde implying a critique of existing aesthetic conventions, rejection of the status quo in favor of unique or original elements, and the idea of deliberately challenging or alienating audiences. Avant-garde music may be distinguished from experimental music by the way it adopts an extreme position within a certain tradition, whereas experimental music lies outside tradition.