hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ohannes Kouyoumdjian
Ohannes Pasha Kouyoumdjian (1852, Istanbul – 1933, Beirut), known as Ohannes Pasha, Ohannes, Ohannes Kuyumcuyan (Arabic: أوهانس باشا) was a high ranking Ottoman Armenian official, and the last mutasarrif of the Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate from 1912 until his resignation in 1915.

Mutasarrif
Mutasarrif, mutesarrif, mutasarriff, or mutesarriff (Ottoman Turkish: متصرّف, romanized: mutasarrıf, lit. 'plenipotentiary') was the title used in the Ottoman Empire and places like post-Ottoman Iraq for the governor of an administrative district in place of the usual sanjakbey. The Ottoman rank of mutasarrif was established as part of a 1864 reform, and its holder was appointed directly by the Sultan.

The administrative district under his authority, the mutasarrifate (mutasarriflık), was officially called a sanjak (سنجاق) in Turkish or liwa (لواء) in Arabic and Persian. A mutasarrif was subordinate to a wali or governor-general of a province, while being of superior rank to a kaymakam.
Canton of Val d'Oingt
The Canton of Val d'Oingt (before March 2020: canton of Le Bois-d'Oingt) is a French administrative division, located in the Rhône department.

The canton was established in 1790 and modified by decree of 27 February 2014 which came into force in March 2015. The canton was expanded from 18 to 27 communes (5 of which were merged into the new communes Porte des Pierres Dorées and Val d'Oingt).

Administrative division
Administrative divisions (also administrative units, administrative regions, subnational entities, or constituent states, as well as many similar generic terms) are geographical areas into which a particular independent sovereign state is divided. Such a unit usually has an administrative authority with the power to take administrative or policy decisions for its area. Administrative divisions are often used as polygons in geospatial analysis.
Popeye catalufa
The popeye catalufa (Pristigenys serrula), also known as the bigeye soldierfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish in the family Priacanthidae, the bigeyes.  This fish has an overall dusky orange to red colour with white markings. The dorsal fin appears feathery while rest of fins have black margins.  It occurs in the eastern Pacific, where it is found from Oregon to Chile. It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade. It grows to a size of 34 centimetres (13 in) in length. This species is nocturnal and shy, preferring deeper waters off islands. It has been recorded associating with squirrelfishes and cardinalfishes but the popeye catalufa goes as deep as 76 metres (249 ft), deeper than its associated species. This species has been recorded from rocky habitats at depths of less than 5 metres (16 ft) to over 100 metres (330 ft). It is a carnivorous species and, when kept in captivity, is known to feed on worms, crustaceans and brittle stars.

Apogonidae
Cardinalfishes are a family, Apogonidae, of ray-finned fishes found in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans; they are chiefly marine, but some species are found in brackish water and a few (notably Glossamia) are found in fresh water. A handful of species are kept in aquariums and are popular as small, peaceful, and colourful fish. The family includes about 370 species.

They are generally small fish, with most species being less than 10 cm (4 in), and are often brightly coloured. They are distinguished by their large mouths, and the division of the dorsal fin into two separate fins. Most species live in tropical or subtropical waters, where they inhabit coral reefs and lagoons.

They are nocturnal, spending the day in dark crevices within the reef. At least some species brood their eggs inside the mouths of the males. Males do not feed during this incubation period. Males incubate the eggs in their mouth due to having longer heads and a larger jaw, which females do not acquire.
Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburton
Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburton (27 October 1774 – 12 May 1848), was a British politician, diplomat, nobleman, financier, art collector, and a member of the Baring family. Baring was the second son of Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, and his wife Harriet, daughter of William Herring.

Investor
An investor is a person or entity that allocates financial capital with the expectation of a future return (profit) or to gain an advantage (interest). Through this allocated capital the investor usually purchases some species of property. Types of investments include equity, debt, securities, real estate, infrastructure, currency, commodity, token, derivatives such as put and call options, futures, forwards, etc. This definition makes no distinction between the investors in the primary and secondary markets.  That is, someone who provides a business with capital and someone who buys a stock are both investors.  An investor who owns stock is a shareholder.
Blue Roof
Blue Roof is the common name given to a mansion and former presidential palace in the suburb of Borrowdale in Harare, Zimbabwe. It was built in 2006 by the ZANU-PF political party as a family home for the then President of Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe. Following his death, ownership was transferred to the Mugabe family.

President of Zimbabwe
The president of Zimbabwe is the head of state and head of government of Zimbabwe. The president chairs the national cabinet and is the chief commanding authority of the Zimbabwe Defence Forces. The incumbent president is Emmerson Mnangagwa, who was installed on 24 November 2017 after his predecessor, Robert Mugabe, resigned in the aftermath of the 2017 coup d'état.
Benin altars to the hand
Ikegobo, the Edo term for "altars to the Hand," are a type of cylindrical sculpture from the Benin Empire. Used as a cultural marker of an individual's accomplishments, Ikegobo are dedicated to the hand, from which the people of Benin considered the will for wealth and success to originate. These commemorative objects are made of wood or brass with figures carved in relief around their sides.

Ikegobo, like the royal ancestral altars, are settings for spectacular examples of Benin art.

Cylinder
A cylinder (from Greek  κύλινδρος (kúlindros) 'roller, tumbler') has traditionally been a three-dimensional solid, one of the most basic of curvilinear geometric shapes. In elementary geometry, it is considered a prism with a circle as its base.

A cylinder may also be defined as an infinite curvilinear surface in various modern branches of geometry and topology. The shift in the basic meaning—solid versus surface (as in a solid ball versus sphere surface)—has created some ambiguity with terminology. The two concepts may be distinguished by referring to solid cylinders and cylindrical surfaces. In the literature the unadorned term "cylinder" could refer to either of these or to an even more specialized object, the right circular cylinder.
Alfie Fripp
Alfred George Fripp (13 June 1914 – 3 January 2013), known as "Alfie" or "Bill", was a British Royal Air Force squadron leader who was a flight sergeant during the Second World War. He was shot down by the Luftwaffe in 1939 and held in twelve different prisoner of war camps, including Stalag Luft III, later the site of the "Great Escape".  As the last of the "39ers" (those taken prisoner in the first year of the war), he was the oldest surviving and longest serving British POW.

Wimborne Minster
Wimborne Minster (often referred to as Wimborne, /ˈwɪmbɔːrn/) is a market town in Dorset in South West England, and the name of the Church of England church in that town. It lies at the confluence of the River Stour and the River Allen, 5 miles (8 km) north of Poole, on the Dorset Heaths, and is part of the South East Dorset conurbation. According to Office for National Statistics data the population of the Wimborne Minster built-up area as of 2014 was 15,552.

The name Wimborne derives from the Old English winnburna meaning 'stream by a pasture'.
2012 Blu-express.com Tennis Cup – Doubles
Stefano Ianni and Luca Vanni were the defending champions but decided not to participate.
Martin Fischer and Philipp Oswald won the title, defeating Marco Cecchinato and Alessio di Mauro 6–3, 6–2 in the final.

Luca Vanni
Luca Vanni (born 4 June 1985) is an Italian former professional tennis player. He competed mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour and ITF Futures, both in singles and doubles. He reached his highest ATP singles ranking, No. 100 on 11 May 2015, and his highest ATP doubles ranking, No. 204, on 9 July 2012.
Mark Bucci
Mark Bucci (26 February 1924, New York City – 22 August 2002, Camp Verde, Arizona) was an American composer, lyricist, and dramatist. Influenced by Giacomo Puccini, his work is composed in a contemporary yet lyrical style, which frequently employs marked rhythms and memorable harmonies and melodies.

Camp Verde, Arizona
Camp Verde (Yavapai: ʼMatthi:wa; Western Apache: Gambúdih) is a town in Yavapai County, Arizona, United States. As of the 2020 census, Camp Verde had a population of 12,147.

Every summer, the downtown area of Camp Verde is the site of the annual Corn Fest; held each year on the third Saturday in July, the popular event is sponsored and organized by local growers, Hauser and Hauser Farms. Other annual local events include the Pecan, Wine and Antiques Festival (February), the Crawdad Festival (June), and Fort Verde Days (October).
Urdu College railway station
Urdu College railway station(Urdu: اردو کالج اسٹیشن, Sindhi: اردو کالج اسٽيشن) is an abandoned railway station on Karachi Circular Railway loop line in Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, Pakistan.
Urdu College railway station was established in 1984 as part of the Karachi Circular Railway (KCR) project. The station was built to serve the growing population of Gulshan-e-Iqbal, a suburb of Karachi.
However, the station has been abandoned since 2006 and is now in a state of disrepair. There are plans to revive the KCR project, and if this happens, Urdu College railway station may be reopened.

Urdu College railway station, view towards Karachi University

Gulshan-e-Iqbal
Gulshan-e-Iqbal (Urdu: گلشنِ اقبال) is a large middle-class to upper middle class (Block 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20) residential and commercial neighborhood in the Karachi East district of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. It was previously administered as part of the Gulshan Town borough, which was disbanded in 2011.
8th Regional Congress of the Syrian Ba'ath Party
8th Regional Congress (Arabic: المؤتمر الإقليمي الثامن, romanized: Al-Mutamar al'iiqlimiu al-Thaamin) was the last Regional Congress of the Syrian Ba'ath Party command under Hafez al-Assad's presidency and occurred from January 5 to January 20, 1985. The congress was held in the People's Palace and was attended by 771 delegates and was even attended by Rifaat al-Assad, who was exiled from Syria in mid-1984 after an attempted coup (but he was not given any opportunity to speak at the congress).

Al-Jama'a
The al-Jama'a (Arabic: الجماعة), also sometimes referred as Jam'a, was an unofficial and small political group of people closest to Syrian President Hafez al-Assad. The Jama'a was the main, the most influential political and military elite in all of Ba'athist Syria and had the greatest influence on President Assad's final decisions. The exact and complete personnel of Jama'a is unknown, but many high-ranking politicians were members of it. Jama'a is translates from Arabic as "company," "group," or sometimes "gang."
Crimson-breasted finch
The crimson-breasted finch (Rhodospingus cruentus), is a species of small finch-like bird native to woodland and scrub of western Ecuador and adjacent north-western Peru. It is the only member of the genus Rhodospingus. It has traditionally been placed in the family Emberizidae, but molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that it belongs to the tanager family Thraupidae. It is strongly sexually dichromatic, with males being blackish above and rich orange-red below and on the crown, while females are overall dull greyish-buff.

Buff (colour)
Buff (Latin: bubalinus) is a light brownish yellow, ochreous colour, typical of buff leather. Buff is a mixture of yellow ochre and white: two parts of white lead and one part of yellow ochre produces a good buff, or white lead may be tinted with French ochre alone.

As an RYB quaternary colour, it is the colour produced by an equal mix of the tertiary colours citron and russet. The hex RGB color value of the Buff swatch as an RYB quaternary colour is E0AB76.
Masseea
Masseea is a genus of fungi in the Helotiales order. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (incertae sedis), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any family.

The genus name of Masseea is in honour of George Edward Massee (1845–1917), who was an English mycologist, plant pathologist, and botanist.

The genus was circumscribed by Pier Andrea Saccardo in Syll. Fung. vol.8 on page 488 in 1899.

Plant pathology
Plant pathology or phytopathology is the scientific study of plant diseases caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Plant pathology involves the study of pathogen identification, disease etiology, disease cycles, economic impact, plant disease epidemiology, plant disease resistance, how plant diseases affect humans and animals, pathosystem genetics, and management of plant diseases.
1972 Wimbledon Championships – Men's doubles
Roy Emerson and Rod Laver were prevented from defending their title due to the International Lawn Tennis Federation ban on World Championship Tennis contract players competing in their tournaments.

Bob Hewitt and Frew McMillan defeated Stan Smith and Erik van Dillen in the final, 6–2, 6–2, 9–7 to win the gentlemen's doubles title at the 1972 Wimbledon Championships.

Erik van Dillen
Erik van Dillen (born February 21, 1951) is an American retired tennis player who played over 25 Grand Slam championships at Australian Open, French Open, Wimbledon and US Open. He was active from 1964 to 1982 and won 9 careers singles titles.
Hot Club of Portugal
The Hot Club of Portugal (Hot Clube de Portugal) is the oldest jazz club in Portugal and has uninterruptedly developed its activity since 1948. It occupies a cellar in Praça da Alegria (Square of Joy) in Lisbon.

With an almost daily concert programme , the Hot Club of Portugal is an acclaimed cultural entity in Portugal and abroad. Since the early 1980s, it has also run a jazz school where many Portuguese jazz musicians have learned their skills. Several great jazz musicians have played, jammed and given seminars in both the Praça da Alegria's club and in the Music School, including Ronnie Scott, Sarah Vaughan, Charlie Haden, Benny Golson, Maria João and Dave Liebman.

Maria João (singer)
Maria João Monteiro Grancha (born 27 June 1956) is a Portuguese jazz singer. She is known for her vocal flexibility and improvisational skills. Although considered a jazz singer, she incorporates folk music, avant-garde, and electronica.

Her main musical partner is Portuguese pianist Mário Laginha. She has also worked with Aki Takase, Bobby McFerrin, David Linx, Dino Saluzzi, Gilberto Gil, Joe Zawinul, Kai Eckhardt, Lenine, Manu Katche, Ralph Towner, Trilok Gurtu, Wolfgang Muthspiel, and OGRE Archived 5 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine.

She was invited by RTP to compose an entry for Festival da Canção 2024, the Portuguese selection for the Eurovision Song Contest 2024; she performed the song "Dia" in the second semi-final on 2 March 2024, failing to qualify for the final.
Gradski Stadion Kavadarci
Gradski Stadion Kavadarci (Macedonian Cyrillic: Градски Стадион Кавадарци) is a multi-use stadium in Kavadarci, North Macedonia. It is used mostly for football matches and is currently the home ground of GFK Tikvesh. The stadium was built in the late 1940s and the first match played was on 19 March 1950 between FK Tikvesh and NK Rudar Trbovlje from Slovenia, qualification for the Yugoslav Third League, the final score was 1–4 for the visitors from Slovenia.

The stadium has hosted the first ever Macedonia U-21 international fixture, a 7–0 win over Estonia U-21 played on 31 May 1994, and also the Macedonian Cup final between FK Sileks and FK Sloga Jugomagnat (4–1) on 28 May 1997.

Although used primarily for football, the stadium has hosted many concerts in the past as well.

The expansion of the new South Stand has finished in the summer of 2023. The development is completed with  1000 covered seats with improved facilities.

Macedonian alphabet
The orthography of the Macedonian language includes an alphabet consisting of 31 letters (Macedonian: Македонска азбука, romanized: Makedonska azbuka), which is an adaptation of the Cyrillic script, as well as language-specific conventions of spelling and punctuation.

The Macedonian alphabet was 
standardized in 1945 by a commission formed in Yugoslav Macedonia after the Partisans took power at the end of World War II. The alphabet used the same phonemic principles employed by Vuk Karadžić (1787–1864) and Krste Misirkov (1874–1926).

Before standardization, the language had been written in a variety of different versions of Cyrillic by different writers, influenced by Early Cyrillic, Russian, Bulgarian and Serbian orthography.
Margarita Prentice
Margarita López Prentice (February 22, 1931 – April 2, 2019) was a Washington state legislator. A Democrat, she represented the 11th District, which includes Seattle's Beacon Hill, South Park and portions of Renton, Kent, Tukwila, Burien, and SeaTac.

Kent, Washington
Kent is a city in King County, Washington, United States. It is part of the Seattle metropolitan area and had a population of 136,588 as of the 2020 census, and was estimated at 136,588 in 2024, making it the fourth-most populous municipality in greater Seattle and the sixth-most populous in Washington state. The city is connected to Seattle, Bellevue and Tacoma via State Route 167 and Interstate 5, Sounder commuter rail, and commuter buses.

Incorporated in 1890, Kent is the second-oldest incorporated city in the county, after the county seat of Seattle. It is generally divided into three areas: West Hill (mixed residential and commercial along Interstate 5), Valley (primarily industrial and commercial with some medium-density residential; significant parkland along Green River), and East Hill (primarily residential with retail).
Palmer Luckey
Palmer Freeman Luckey (born September 19, 1992) is an American entrepreneur best known as the founder of Oculus VR and designer of the Oculus Rift, a virtual reality headset that is widely credited with reviving the virtual reality industry.

In 2017, Luckey was fired from Facebook (owner of Oculus at that time) and founded military contractor Anduril Industries, a military technology company focused on autonomous drones and sensors for military applications. Luckey ranked number 22 on Forbes' 2016 List of America's Richest Entrepreneurs Under 40. As of February 2026, Forbes valued his net worth at $3.5 billion.

Autonomous robot
An autonomous robot is a robot that acts without recourse to human control. Historic examples include space probes. Modern examples include self-driving vacuums and cars.

Industrial robot arms that work on assembly lines inside factories may also be considered autonomous robots, though their autonomy is restricted due to a highly structured environment and their inability to locomote.
Johannes Sass
Johannes Sass (also in German: Saß) born (1889-09-04)4 September 1889 in Hamburg, died (1971-12-31)31 December 1971) was a linguist who specialized in the Low German language. He obtained his doctorate in 1926 from the University of Hamburg.

University of Hamburg
The University of Hamburg (German: Universität Hamburg, also referred to as UHH) is a public research university in Hamburg, Germany. It was founded on 28 March 1919 by combining the previous General Lecture System (Allgemeines Vorlesungswesen), the Hamburg Colonial Institute (Hamburgisches Kolonialinstitut), and the Academic College (Akademisches Gymnasium). The main campus is located in the central district of Rotherbaum, with affiliated institutes and research centres distributed around the city-state. Seven Nobel Prize winners and one Wolf Prize winner are affiliated with UHH.
Joseph Delteil (speleologist)
Joseph Delteil (21 March 1909 – 7 November 1979) was a French speleologist.

Delteil trained as a carpenter before turning to speleology. In 1935, he participated in the exploration of the Labouiche underground river, revealing 3800 metres of active network. In 1943 and in 1946-47, he also participated alongside Marcel Loubens and Norbert Casteret in the exploration of the abyss of Henne Morte.

His name is given to the 130 metre deep shaft located at the bottom of the "gouffre Raymonde", the major chasm of the réseau Félix Trombe.

Speleology
Speleology (from Ancient Greek  σπήλαιον (spḗlaion) 'cave' and  -λογία (-logía) 'study of') is the scientific study of caves and other karst features, as well as their composition, structure, physical properties, history, ecology, and the processes by which they form (speleogenesis) and change over time (speleomorphology). The term speleology is also sometimes applied to the recreational activity of exploring caves, but this is more properly known as caving, potholing (British English), or spelunking (United States and Canadian English). Speleology and caving are often connected, as the physical skills required for in situ study are the same.

Speleology is a cross-disciplinary field that combines the knowledge of chemistry, biology, geology, physics, meteorology, and cartography to develop portraits of caves as complex, evolving systems.
Hilda Hannunen
Hilda Maria Hannunen (29 August 1882 – ?) was a Finnish weaver and politician. Born in Laukaa, she was a member of the Parliament of Finland, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland from 1920 to 1922 and the Socialist Workers' Party of Finland (SSTP) from 1922 to 1923. When the SSTP was banned in 1923 and the authorities ordered her to be imprisoned because of her political activities, she fled to the Soviet Union. There she worked as the director of a retirement home in Valaam after 1944, but nothing is known about her later life.

Valaam
Valaam (Russian: Валаам or Валаамский архипелаг; Finnish: Valamo) is an archipelago in the northern portion of Lake Ladoga, lying within the Republic of Karelia, Russia. The total area of its more than 50 islands is 36 km2. The largest island is also called Valaam. Other named islands are: Skitsky (second by size), Lembos, Sviatoy, Bayonny, Moskovsky, Predtechensky, Nikonovsky, Divny, Emelyanov, Oboronny, Goly, Savvaty's, Zosima's, Skalisty, Lukovy, Ovsiany, Rzhanoi, Nikolsky.

It is best known as the site of the 14th century Valaam Monastery on Valaam Island and for its natural environment.
Frank Rice (actor)
Frank Rice (May 13, 1892 – January 9, 1936) was an American film actor. He appeared in more than 120 films between 1912 and 1936. He was born in Muskegon, Michigan, and died in Los Angeles, California of hepatitis. Rice was educated in Portland, Oregon.

Muskegon, Michigan
Muskegon (/məˈskiːɡən/ mə-SKEE-gən) is a city in and the county seat of Muskegon County, Michigan, United States. Situated around a harbor of Lake Michigan, Muskegon is known for fishing, sailing regattas, and boating. It is the most populous city along Lake Michigan's eastern shore. At the 2020 census, the city's population was 38,318. The city is administratively autonomous from adjacent Muskegon Township, and several locations in Muskegon Township and other surrounding townships have Muskegon addresses.

Muskegon is the center of the Muskegon metropolitan statistical area, which is coextensive with Muskegon County and had a population of 175,824 as of the 2020 census. It is also part of the larger Grand Rapids-Kentwood-Muskegon-combined statistical area.