hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Moritz Franz Kasimir von Wobersnow
Moritz Franz Kasimir von Wobersnow (5 March 1708 in Kamissow–23 July 1759 at Kay) was a Prussian major general of infantry and a general-adjutant of Frederick the Great. He died at the Battle of Kay; a lifelong friend of the King, his name is included on the Equestrian statue of Frederick the Great.

Equestrian statue of Frederick the Great
The equestrian statue of Frederick the Great on Unter den Linden avenue in Berlin's Mitte district commemorates King Frederick II of Prussia. Created from 1839 to 1851 by Christian Daniel Rauch, it is a masterpiece of the Berlin school of sculpture, marking the transition from neoclassicism to realism. The bronze statue shows "The Old Fritz" dressed in military uniform, ermine coat and tricorne hat on horseback above the leading generals, statesmen, artists and scientists of his time. Walled in during World War II, it was disassembled by East Germany in 1950, reassembled in Sanssouci Park in 1963, and returned to its original location in 1980.
Newtonia
Newtonia could refer to:

Newtonia, Cheshire, England

Newtonia, Missouri, a town in Missouri, USA

Newtonia (bird), a genus of vangas, passerine birds endemic to Madagascar

Newtonia (plant), a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae

662 Newtonia, a minor planet

Newtonia, Missouri
Newtonia is a village in Newton County, Missouri, United States. The population was 199 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area. Newtonia was the site of the Battles of Newtonia during the American Civil War.  The village contains some Antebellum houses, such as the Mathew H. Ritchey House, as well as a cemetery for Civil War dead.  It is a farming community and is immediately adjacent to Stark City, Missouri.
A Tribute to Stuff Smith
A Tribute to Stuff Smith is an album by the American jazz violinist Billy Bang recorded in 1992. The album was released on the Italian Soul Note label and features songs written by or associated with violinist Stuff Smith (1909-1967). Bang is supported by pianist and former Smith collaborator Sun Ra (in a rare sideman appearance), bassist John Ore and drummer Andrew Cyrille.

Black Saint/Soul Note
Black Saint and Soul Note are two affiliated Italian independent record labels. Since their conception in the 1970s, they have released albums from a variety of influential jazz musicians, particularly in the genre of free jazz.
B. K. Thapar
Bal Krishen Thapar (18 October 1921 – 6 September 1995) was an Indian archaeologist who served as the Director-general of the Archaeological Survey of India from 1978 to 1981. He was the founder of INTACH.

Director general
A director general, general director or director-general (plural: directors general, general directors, directors-general, director generals or director-generals) is a senior executive officer, often the chief executive officer, within a governmental, statutory, NGO, third sector or not-for-profit institution. The term is commonly used in many countries worldwide, but with various meanings.
Tuti Faal
Tuti Faal, also known as Tuti Faal Jammeh (born c. 1971 in Kembujeh) is a former First Lady of the West African country of Gambia. As the first wife of President Yahya Jammeh, she was the First Lady from 1994 until her divorce in 1998.

President of the Gambia
The president of the Republic of the Gambia is the head of state and head of government of the Gambia. The president leads the executive branch of the government of the Gambia and is the commander-in-chief of the Gambia Armed Forces. The post was created in 1970, when the Gambia became a republic and has been held by three people: Dawda Jawara, who ruled from 1970 until 1994, Yahya Jammeh, who seized power in a bloodless coup that year and Adama Barrow, who defeated Jammeh in elections held in December 2016.

As of 2021, there are no term limits for the president in the Constitution of the Gambia.
Per Ludvig Magnus
Per Ludvig Magnus (9 April 1945 – 19 June 2015) was a Norwegian diplomat.

He was born in Oslo, and is a cand.jur. by education. He started working for the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1974, and was the Norwegian ambassador to Saudi Arabia from 1991 to 1992. He served as deputy Under-secretary of State in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1992 to 1996, the Norwegian ambassador to the OECD from 1991 to 2001, assistant to the Permanent Under-Secretary of State in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 2001 to 2005 and the Norwegian ambassador to Spain from 2005 to 2010.

Parliamentary under-secretary of state
The parliamentary under-secretary of state (historically under-secretary of state or just parliamentary secretary, particularly in departments not led by a secretary of state) is the lowest of three tiers of government minister in the UK government, immediately junior to a minister of state, which is itself junior to a secretary of state.
Hague shadow cabinet
The Shadow Cabinet appointed by Conservative Party leader William Hague was the Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet from 1997 to 2001. Following his initial appointments in June 1997, Hague reshuffled the Shadow Cabinet five times before his resignation as leader following defeat in the 2001 general election.

Shadow Secretary of State for Health and Social Care
The shadow secretary of state for health and social care is an office within British politics held by a member of His Majesty's Loyal Opposition. The duty of the office holder is to scrutinise the actions of the government's secretary of state for health and social care and develop alternative policies. The office holder is a member of the Shadow Cabinet and appointed by the leader of the opposition.

It is currently held by Stuart Andrew.
This D.J.
"This D.J." is a song by American hip hop artist Warren G, released in July 1994 by Def Jam as the second single from his debut album, Regulate...G Funk Era (1994). Released as the follow-up to his hit song "Regulate", "This D.J." was another success for Warren G, becoming his second consecutive top-10 single in the US, peaking at number nine on the Billboard Hot 100 and  receiving gold certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), having sold 600,000 copies.

Warren G revealed in 2023, during an interview for Drink Champs, that "This DJ"'s chorus was written by Snoop Dogg, that was supposed to perform it as well, but because of discrepancies between their labels, he couldn't be on the song and Warren G performed it instead. Because of the label's involvement, Snoop Dogg was ultimately not credited for the writing as well. The song was nominated for the Best Rap Solo Performance at the 37th Annual Grammy Awards.

Grammy Award for Best Rap Solo Performance
The Grammy Award for Best Rap Solo Performance was awarded from 1991 to 2011, alongside the Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group.  Previously, a single award was presented for Best Rap Performance.

In 2003, this award was split into separate awards for Best Female Rap Solo Performance and Best Male Rap Solo Performance.  In 2005, it was again presented as a single award.

As of 2012, the award was permanently discontinued due to a major overhaul of Grammy categories. Since 2012, all solo and duo/group rap performances has been shifted to the revived Best Rap Performance category.

Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were presented, for works released from October a year and a half prior to September the previous year.
MUDAM
The Grand Duke Jean Museum of Modern Art (French: Musée d'art moderne Grand-Duc Jean), abbreviated to Mudam, is a museum of modern art in Luxembourg City, in southern Luxembourg.  The museum stands on the site of the old Fort Thüngen, on the southwestern edge of the Kirchberg-plateau, in close proximity to many of the European Union institutions based within the city.

Fiona Rae
Fiona Rae RA (born 10 October 1963) is a Hong Kong-born British artist. She is one of the Young British Artists (YBAs) who rose to prominence in the 1990s. Throughout her career, she has been known for having a portfolio of work that includes elements of energy, and complexity. Her work is known for aiming at expanding the modern traditions of painting.
Mišja Peč
Mišja Peč (pronounced [ˈmiːʃja ˈpeːtʃ], Slovene: Mišja peč) is a climbing area located on the Karst Rim in Slovenia.

Together with the faces of Osp, the rocky amphitheatre of Mišja Peč forms an almost continuous single climbing area. In recent years this overhang semicircular wall has represented an important challenge to the numerous top climbers who come from all over the world.  Recently, quite a few easier routes have been opened in the extreme left part of the crag and to the right of the amphitheatre, which might also attract those climbing in lower grades. The overhangs and stalactites of various forms and sizes offer difficulties from 6b up.

Since 1987, the upper end of the grades have been climbed, earning this crag its reputation as the foremost sports climbing area in Slovenia, and among the better climbing areas in Europe.

Glossary of climbing terms
Glossary of climbing terms relates to rock climbing (including aid climbing, lead climbing, bouldering, and competition climbing), mountaineering, and to ice climbing.

The terms used can vary between different English-speaking countries; many of the phrases described here are particular to the United States and the United Kingdom.
West Hertfordshire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
West Hertfordshire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust runs three National Health Services hospitals: Watford General Hospital, St Albans City Hospital and Hemel Hempstead Hospital, in Hertfordshire, England. It provides "acute healthcare services to a core catchment population of approximately half a million people living in west Hertfordshire and the surrounding area". The Trust also "serves people living in North London, Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire and East Hertfordshire".

The trust is part of the East of England Local Education and Training Board, and has students from UCL Medical School.

In July 2016 Katie Fisher from the Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust took over as Chief Executive. She left in March 2018.

Local education and training board
Local education and training boards (LETBs) are the thirteen regional structures in the health education and training system of the NHS in England, established as part of the NHS reforms of April 2013. They are statutory committees of Health Education England
Channel 14 (Israel)
Now 14 (Hebrew: עכשיו 14), colloquially referred to as Channel 14, is an Israeli right-wing and conservative commercial television channel and news site. The channel broadcasts news, political commentary, satire and talk shows, all of which are presented from a right-wing perspective. The controlling shareholder of the channel is Yitzchak Mirilashvili.

Conservatism in Israel
Conservatism in Israel is mostly based around upholding Jewish tradition, promotion of forms of Zionism that tend to be more irredentist in nature (i.e. Revisionist and Neo-Zionism, which promote the idea of Greater Israel as compared to Liberal or Labor Zionism, which are supportive of a two-state solution), promoting Israeli national security, maintaining the role of religion and the Rabbinate in the public sphere, support for the free market, and closer ties with the United States. However, a variety of ideological trends exist within Israeli conservatism, and not all hold up every single one of these ideals or points of view.
Foffie Williams
Ernest Albert Vivian "Foffie" Williams (10 April 1914, Bank Hall, St Michael, Barbados – 13 April 1997, Bridgetown, Barbados) was a West Indian cricketer who played in four Tests in 1939 and 1948.

In the second innings of the First Test at Bridgetown in 1948, Williams hit his first six balls to the boundary: 6, 6, 4, 4, 4, 4. He reached 50 in half an hour and finished with 72 in 63 minutes. His highest first-class score was 131 not out for Barbados against Trinidad in 1935–36, when he and Manny Martindale shared an eighth-wicket partnership of 255, which remains a West Indian first-class record; he also took three wickets in each innings, opening the bowling.

He became the chief sports officer in Barbados.

Kensington Oval
The Kensington Oval is a stadium located in the western part of Bridgetown, Barbados. It is the pre-eminent sporting facility on the island and is primarily used for cricket. It has hosted many important cricket games between local, regional, and international teams during its more than 120-year history.
Piddig
Piddig, officially the Municipality of Piddig (Ilocano: Ili ti Piddig; Filipino: Bayan ng Piddig) is a municipality in the province of Ilocos Norte, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 22,781 people.

The town is known for its role in the Basi Revolt which was led by Pedro Mateo, a native of Piddig.  Today, Piddig is known for its basi and for their sariwagwag, a dish made out of gabi leaves with fresh shrimps that are freshly gathered from their rich river. The municipio (town hall) is located on top of a hill offering panoramic views of fields and mountains.

Piddig is also the birthplace of Teófilo Yldefonso, a Filipino swimmer who is the first Filipino and Southeast Asian to win an Olympic medal, and the first Filipino to win multiple medals.

Taro
Taro (/ˈtɑːroʊ, ˈtær-/; Colocasia esculenta) is a root vegetable. It is the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the family Araceae that are used as vegetables for their corms, leaves, stems and petioles. Taro corms are a food staple in African, Caribbean, Oceanian, East Asian, Southeast Asian and South Asian cultures (similar to yams).
2012 Buffalo Wild Wings Bowl
The 2012 Buffalo Wild Wings Bowl, the 24th edition of the Buffalo Wild Wings Bowl, although the first played under that name, was a post-season American college football bowl game held on December 29, 2012 at Sun Devil Stadium in Tempe, Arizona as part of the 2012–13 NCAA Bowl season.

The game was telecast at 8:15 p.m. MT on ESPN. It featured the Michigan State Spartans of the Big Ten Conference against the TCU Horned Frogs of the Big 12 Conference. Down 13–0 at the half, the Spartans rallied back to win 17–16, having taken the lead for good with only 1:01 remaining in the contest.

Max Bullough
Max Levi Bullough (born February 11, 1992) is an American football coach and former linebacker who is the co-defensive coordinator and linebackers coach of the Michigan State Spartans of the Big Ten Conference. He played college football at Michigan State and signed with the Houston Texans of the National Football League (NFL) as an undrafted free agent in 2014. He previously coached for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish.
Interleukin 40
Interleukin 40 (IL-40), also known with other name C17orf99, is a protein belonging to a group of cytokines called interleukins. It is encoded by a gene that does not belong to any cytokine superfamily. This cytokine is produced primarily by human expression tissues such as bone marrow and fetal liver, and its expression can be also induced in peripheral B cells after activation. IL-40 is involved in immunoglobulin A (IgA) production, and plays an important role in humoral immune responses and B cell homeostasis and development.

Pathogenesis
In pathology, pathogenesis is the process by which a disease or disorder develops. It can include factors which contribute not only to the onset of the disease or disorder, but also to its progression and maintenance. The word comes from Ancient Greek  πάθος (pathos) 'suffering, disease' and  γένεσις (genesis) 'creation'.
Melanomys zunigae
Melanomys zunigae, also known as Zuniga's melanomys or Zuniga's dark rice rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Melanomys of family Cricetidae. Known only from a small region of coastal Peru, it is listed as "critically endangered" by the IUCN and may even be extinct.

Cricetidae
The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true hamsters, voles, lemmings, muskrats, and New World rats and mice. At over 870 species, it is either the largest or second-largest family of mammals, and has members throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia.
Luís Caetano Pereira Guimarães Júnior
Luís Caetano Pereira Guimarães Júnior (17 February 1845, in Rio de Janeiro – 20 May 1898, in Lisbon) was a Brazilian diplomat, poet, novelist and dramaturgist.

He undertook his education in the Faculdade de Direito do Recife in 1869, in the same class of the writer Araripe Júnior. His works switched from Romanticism to Parnasianism.  During his career, he also used the pseudonym Oscar d'Alva.

As a diplomat, he lived in Santiago de Chile, Roma and Lisbon, where he finally stayed and he met intellectuals such as Eça de Queiroz, Ramalho Ortigão, Guerra Junqueiro or Fialho de Almeida. He was a member and one of the founders of Academia Brasileira de Letras.

Parnassianism
Parnassianism (or Parnassism) was a group of French poets that began during the positivist period of the 19th century (1860s–1890s), occurring after romanticism and prior to symbolism. The style was influenced by the author Théophile Gautier as well as by the philosophical ideas of Arthur Schopenhauer.
Gräsö
Gräsö is an island in Östhammar Municipality, off the coast of Uppland province on the eastern coast of Sweden. It is also the name of a village on the island which lies at the southern end of the Gulf of Bothnia.
The island has an area of 93.26 square kilometres (36.01 sq mi) and a population of about 600. The island has a mixture of fields and woodland. It is a popular summer resort.

Östhammar Municipality
Östhammar Municipality (Swedish: Östhammars kommun) is a municipality in Uppsala County in east central Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Östhammar.

The present municipality was created during the local government reform in the late sixties and early seventies. Already in 1967 the City of Öregrund joined the City of Östhammar in a common municipality. It was the first time a former city joined another local government unit. By 1971 the new combined city became a municipality of unitary type and in 1974 more units were added.

In June 2018 the municipal council voted in favour of the building of Forsmark nuclear waste repository, with the final decision needing to be made by the Swedish government.
Deh-e Gowd, Rudbar-e Jonubi
Deh-e Gowd (Persian: ده گود, also Romanized as Deh Gowd; also known as Allāhābād, Deh-e Gowdāl, Deh Goo, Deh-i-Gāv, and Deh Ka’ū) is a village in Jazmurian Rural District, Jazmurian District, Rudbar-e Jonubi County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 413, in 92 families.

Jazmurian Rural District
Jazmurian Rural District (Persian: دهستان جازموريان) is in the Central District of Jazmurian County, Kerman province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Miyandaran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Zeh-e Kalut, now a city.
West (2013 film)
West (German: Westen) is a 2013 German drama film directed by Christian Schwochow and written by his mother Heide Schwochow. The film is based on the German novel Lagerfeuer by Julia Franck. Westen had its premiere at the 25th Montreal World Film Festival and was released in the United States on November 7, 2014.

Christian Schwochow
Christian Schwochow (German: [ˈkʁɪsti̯a(ː)n ˈʃvɔxoː]; born 23 September 1978) is a German film and television director. He has directed more than ten films since 2005, including TV movie Open the Wall on the ARD channel, a tragicomedy about the fall of the Berlin Wall. Schwochow also directed episodes of season 3, season 5 and season 6 of the Netflix series The Crown.
Countersex
Controsesso, internationally released as Countersex, is a 1964 Italian anthology comedy film directed by Franco Rossi, Marco Ferreri and Renato Castellani. All the episodes have sex as main theme. The episode of Ferreri is considered by several critics as the masterpiece of the first Italian period of the director.

Anthology film
An anthology film (also known as an omnibus film, package film or portmanteau film) is a single film consisting of three or more shorter films, each complete in itself and distinguished from the other, though frequently tied together by a single theme, premise, or author. Sometimes each one is directed by a different director or written by a different author, or may even have been made at different times or in different countries. Anthology films are distinguished from "revue films" such as Paramount on Parade (1930)—which were common in Hollywood in the early decades of sound film, composite films, and compilation films.

Anthology films are often mistaken for hyperlink cinema. Hyperlink cinema shows parts of many stories throughout a film, whereas anthology films show story segments of one at a time. Some mistaken examples include Pulp Fiction (1994) and Amores Perros (2000), distributing their storylines non-chronologically, separated by segments.
Waweru
Waweru is a Kenyan name given to baby boys of the Kikuyu tribe in the Mount Kenya region.

Charles Waweru Kamathi (born 1978), Kenyan long-distance runner

David Waweru, CEO of WordAlive Publishers

George Japhet Waweru (born 1978), Kenyan footballer

Joel Waweru Mwangi (born 1959), Kenyan bishop

John Kiarie Waweru (born 1978), Kenyan politician

Julius Waweru Karangi (born 1951), former General in the Kenya Defence Forces

Patrick Waweru (born 1958), Kenyan boxer

Peter Waweru (born 1982), Kenyan football referee

Wangechi Waweru (born 1994), Kenyan musician

George Japhet Waweru
George Japhet Waweru (born 12 October 1978) is a Kenyan footballer. He played in 41 matches for the Kenya national football team from 1999 to 2007. He was also named in Kenya's squad for the 2004 African Cup of Nations tournament.
Kayea ferruginea
Kayea ferruginea is a plant belonging to Calophyllaceae family; It was renamed Mesua ferruginea and references from 1980s refer to K. ferruginea as Mesua ferruginea.

It is a small riverine species of Southeast Asia.

The distribution of this species has been recorded (Ridley, 1922) in Eastern Johore, Sungei Endau southwards, Pahang, Ayer Etam, Kelantan, Temangan and far ranging Andamans.

The fruits are 6 cm across, enveloped in four loose leathery fleshy sepals. Flowers found in short, axillary panicles and leaves are elliptic of 8 x 3 to 12 x 4.5 cm size.

The local or common name has been said to be Sembawang tree in a paper (Ridley and Curtis, 1897). Thus, giving the area of Sembawang its name.

Calophyllaceae
Calophyllaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales and is recognized by the APG III system of classification. Most of the 14 genera and 475 species included in this family were previously recognized in the tribe Calophylleae of the family Clusiaceae. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group determined that splitting this clade of genera off into their own family was necessary.
Palazzo Loredan Cini
The Palazzo Loredan Cini is a Gothic-style palace located between the Palazzo Balbi Valier and the Rio San Vio on the Grand Canal, in the sestiere of Dorsoduro, Venice, Italy. The palace was formed from the amalgamation of the former Palazzo Foscari-Loredan with the adjacent Palazzo Grimani. The narrow facade on the Canal has no entrance, but the facade to the north on the Rio, has a single water door, and is connected to the adjacent campo by a bridge. The facade is decorated with two poliforas.

Grand Canal (Venice)
The Grand Canal (Italian: Canal Grande [kaˌnal ˈɡrande], locally and informally Canalazzo; Venetian: Canal Grando, locally usually Canałaso [kanaˈɰaso]) is the largest channel in Venice, Italy, forming one of the major water-traffic corridors in the city.

One end of the canal leads into the lagoon near the Santa Lucia railway station and the other end leads into the basin at San Marco; in between, it makes a large reverse-S shape through the central districts (sestieri) of Venice. It is 3.8 kilometres (2.4 miles) long, and 30 to 90 metres (98 to 295 ft) wide, with an average depth of 5 metres (16 feet).