hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Wild Cat Creek
The Battle of Wild Cat Creek was the result of a November 1812 punitive expedition against Native American villages during the War of 1812. It has been nicknamed "Spur's Defeat", which is thought to refer to the spurs used by the soldiers to drive their horses away from the battle as quickly as possible.  The campaign is sometimes referred to as the Second Battle of Tippecanoe.

Spur
A spur is a metal tool designed to be worn in pairs on the heels of riding boots for the purpose of directing a horse or other animal to move forward or laterally while riding. It is usually used to refine the riding aids (commands) and to back up the natural aids (the leg, seat, hands, and voice). The spur is used in many equestrian disciplines. Most equestrian organizations have rules covering spur design and use, as well as penalties for using spurs in any manner that constitutes animal abuse.
John Edmunds (English academic)
John Edmunds (died 1544) was master of Peterhouse, Cambridge.

Edmunds proceeded B.A. 1503–4, M.A. 1507, was admitted fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge, 1517, and afterwards fellow of St. John's 1519. He was prebendary of St. Paul's Cathedral 1510–17, and chancellor 1517–29. He commenced D.D. 1520, being then a member of Peterhouse; was Lady Margaret preacher 1521, was elected master of Peterhouse 1522, vice-chancellor 1523–8–9, 1541–3, and became chancellor of Salisbury Cathedral. He also held a prebend in the same church.

He died in November 1544 and was buried in the Church of St. Mary, outside Trumpington gates. He married a sister of the wife of John Mere. He was one of the compilers of ‘The Institution of a Christian Man.’

Jesus College, Cambridge
Jesus College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Jesus College was established in 1496 on the site of the twelfth-century Benedictine nunnery of St Mary and St Radegund by John Alcock, then Bishop of Ely. The cockerel is the symbol of Jesus College, after the surname of its founder. From 1560 to 1860, Jesus College was primarily a training college for Church of England clergy.

Jesus College has assets of approximately £375m making it Cambridge's seventh-wealthiest college. The college is known for its particularly expansive grounds which include its sporting fields and for its proximity to its boathouse. Three members of Jesus College have each received a Nobel Prize. Two fellows of the college have been appointed to the International Court of Justice.

Sonita Alleyne was elected master of Jesus College in 2019, 40 years after the college began admitting women as students. She is also the first black leader of an Oxbridge college.
Bong Bong Parish
The Parish of Bong Bong is a parish of the County of Camden in the Southern Highlands region of New South Wales. Moss Vale is the largest town in the area. The parish includes the small township of Bong Bong, which was the first village established in the Southern Highlands. The Wingecarribee River forms part of the boundary of the parish in the north and north-east. The Hume Highway passes through a small part of the parish in the north-west. Bowral is just beyond the boundary of the parish in the north-east. Berrima is located just to the north-west. The Illawarra Highway passes through the parish from east to west, and is also a small part of the boundary in the south-west.

Illawarra Highway
Illawarra Highway is a short state highway in New South Wales, Australia. It connects Wollongong to the Southern Highlands and links Princes Highway and Hume Highway. It is named after the geographical area it crosses, the Illawarra region.
Paul Randolph (musician)
Paul V. Randolph, aka "Randolph" is an American bass player, singer, songwriter, and producer from Detroit, Michigan. His musical style ranges from jazz, funk, soul, house, rock and electronica.  He is best known as the vocalist for the German collective, Jazzanova. Randolph has performed with well-known musicians, including Tony Allen, Odetta, Alice Cooper, Amp Fiddler, Hubert Laws, Josh White Jr, Mark Farner and Nigel Hall.

Bassist
A bassist (also known as a bass player or bass guitarist) is a musician who plays a bass instrument such as a double bass (upright bass, contrabass, wood bass), bass guitar (electric bass, acoustic bass), keyboard bass (synth bass) or a low brass instrument such as a tuba or trombone. Many musical genres tend to be associated with at least one or more of these instruments.
Mimi Mondal
Monidipa "Mimi" Mondal  is an Indian speculative fiction writer based in New York. She writes in many genres, including science fiction. Mondal is the co-editor of Luminescent Threads: Connections to Octavia E. Butler, an anthology of letters and essays, which received a Locus Award in 2018 and was a finalist for the Hugo Award and the William Atheling Jr. Award. Mondal is the first writer from India to have been nominated for the Hugo Award.

Speculative fiction
Speculative fiction is an umbrella genre of fiction that encompasses all the subgenres that depart from realism, or strictly imitating everyday reality, instead presenting fantastical, supernatural, futuristic, or other highly imaginative realms or beings.

This catch-all genre includes, but is not limited to: fantasy, science fiction, science fantasy, superhero, paranormal and supernatural horror, alternate history, magical realism, slipstream, weird fiction, utopia and dystopia, apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction. In other words, the genre presents individuals, events, or places beyond the ordinary real world.

The term speculative fiction has been used for works of literature, film, television, drama, video games, radio, and hybrid media.
LLNM2
LLNM2 (an abbreviation of "Las Leyendas Nunca Mueren 2" in Spanish, meaning "Legends Never Die 2") is the fourth solo studio album by Puerto Rican rapper Anuel AA. It was released on December 9, 2022, through Real Hasta la Muerte and Sony Music Latin. Formerly announced as an EP with the title Me Fui de Gira, the project follows his studio album Las Leyendas Nunca Mueren (2021) as its second part.

The album features collaborations with Omega, David Guetta, Jowell & Randy, De La Ghetto, Yailin La Más Viral, Bryant Myers, Mvsis, Kodak Black, Ñengo Flow, DaBaby, Treintisiete, Foreign Teck, YovngChimi, Lil Durk, Nicky Jam, RobGz, Zion and Randy.

Ñengo Flow
Edwin Laureano Rosa Vázquez Ortiz (born October 15, 1981), known professionally as Ñengo Flow, is a Puerto Rican rapper and singer. He was born in San Juan and grew up in Bayamón where he started in the music business. At the age of 14, Ortiz first presented on stage in the neighborhood where he lived in a community movement.

Ñengo Flow is one of the wealthiest reggaeton artists and had a net worth of $8 million in 2017.
Chris Dyer (artist)
Chris Dyer (born March 3, 1979) is a Peruvian–Canadian artist based in Montreal. Some of his broader artistic themes include consciousness, truth, oneness, introspection, personal development and kindness. He paints using acrylic, pencil, pen, spray paint, gouache and other media on a variety of different forms, including broken or blank skateboards in his early years, various sculptured and recycled items, and now commonly fabric or wood canvas. He is also known for his murals, logos, album covers, posters, illustrations, comic books, travel diaries, and YouTube adventure vlogs.

Dyer was the art director and brand manager of Creation Skateboards/Satori Movement for three and a half years, creating designs for skateboard decks. He teaches art workshops and classes on technique, spray painting, traditional medicinal healing, and the business of art, as well as offering an online class. His clothing and art brand Positive Creations features his artwork.

Pen
A pen is a common writing instrument that applies ink to a surface, typically paper, for writing or drawing. Early pens such as reed pens, quill pens, dip pens and ruling pens held a small amount of ink on a nib or in a small void or cavity that had to be periodically recharged by dipping the tip of the pen into an inkwell. 
Today, such pens find only a small number of specialized uses, such as in illustration and calligraphy. Reed pens, quill pens and dip pens, which were used for writing, have been replaced by ballpoint pens, rollerball pens, fountain pens and felt or ceramic tip pens.

Ruling pens, which were used for technical drawing and cartography, have been replaced by technical pens such as the Rapidograph. All of these modern pens contain internal ink reservoirs, such that they do not need to be dipped in ink while writing.
Minhaz Khan
Minhaz Khan (born 17 December 1991) is a Bangladeshi cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Dhaka Division in the 2016–17 National Cricket League on 20 December 2016. He made his List A debut for Shinepukur Cricket Club in the 2017–18 Dhaka Premier Division Cricket League on 15 February 2018. He made his Twenty20 debut for Uttara Sporting Club against Khelaghar Samaj Kallyan Samity in the 2018–19 Dhaka Premier Division Twenty20 Cricket League on 26 February 2019.

Khelaghar Samaj Kallyan Samity cricket team
Khelaghar Samaj Kallyan Samity is a Bangladeshi cricket team that has played List A cricket in the Dhaka Premier League in 2013–14, 2016–17, 2017–18 and 2021–22. Its name translates as "Khelaghar Social Welfare Association". Khelaghar is a patriotic youth cultural organization founded in Dacca in 1952, which has over 500 branches around Bangladesh.
Yardley Griffin
Yardley Wendell Griffin, Jr. is an American gospel musician, urban contemporary gospel recording artist, and worship leader. He started his music career, in 2015, with the studio album, Hear Me Now, that was released by Black Market Blue Records. This album was his breakthrough released upon the Billboard magazine charts.

Urban contemporary gospel
Urban/contemporary gospel, also known as urban gospel music, urban gospel pop, or just simply urban gospel, is a modern subgenre of gospel music. Although the style developed gradually, early forms are generally dated to the 1970s, and the genre was well established by the end of the 1980s. The radio format is pitched primarily to African-Americans. Christian hip hop can be considered a subtype of this genre.
Archdiocese of Mbarara
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Mbarara (Latin: Archidioecesis Mbararensis) is a metropolitan archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church located in Mbarara, Uganda. Elevated to archdiocese status on January 2, 1999, it serves as the metropolitan see for the Western Uganda Ecclesiastical Province.

Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)
A metropolis, metropolitanate or metropolitan diocese is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces.
British comedy
In film, television, theatre, and radio, British comedy has produced some of the most renowned characters in the world. In it, satire is one of the features of British humour. Radio comedy in Britain has been almost exclusively hosted on the BBC.

Radio comedy
Radio comedy, or comedic radio programming, is a radio broadcast that may involve variety show, sitcom elements, sketches, and various types of comedy found in other media. It may also include more surreal or fantastic elements, as these can be conveyed on a small budget with just a few sound effects or some simple dialogue. Radio comedy began in the United States in 1930, based on the fact that as most United Kingdom music hall comedians such as Charlie Chaplin and Stan Laurel progressed to silent films, they moved to Hollywood and fed the radio comedy field. Another British music hall comic, George Formby, stayed in the British movie industry, and in 1940 joined the Entertainments National Service Association to entertain British World War II troops. UK radio comedy therefore started later, in the 1950s.
Kennedia stirlingii
Kennedia stirlingii, commonly known as bushy kennedia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a trailing or twining shrub with trifoliate leaves and orange-red flowers.

Papilionaceous flower
Papilionaceous flowers (from Latin: papilion, a butterfly) are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla found in many, though not all, plants of the species-rich Faboideae subfamily of legumes. Tournefort suggested that the term Flores papilionacei originated with Valerius Cordus, who applied it to the flowers of the bean.
Steve Simske
Steve Simske (born 1964 in San Diego, United States), also known as Steven J. Simske,  is an American engineer and scientist specialized in biomedical engineering, cybersecurity, anti-counterfeiting, Variable data printing, imaging, and robotics. He is a full professor of systems engineering  at the Walter Scott Jr. School of Engineering of Colorado State University.

Counterfeit
A counterfeit is a fake or unauthorized replica of a genuine product, such as money, documents, designer items, or other valuable goods. Counterfeiting generally involves creating an imitation of a genuine item that closely resembles the original to deceive others into believing it is authentic.

Counterfeit products are often made to take advantage of the higher value of the original product, typically using lower-quality materials or production methods. Counterfeit food, drinks, medicines, and personal care products can contain harmful or inactive ingredients, causing anything from mild issues to serious, life-threatening ones. Counterfeit footwear, clothing, and accessories have been found to contain high levels of lead, arsenic, and phthalates.
Hopkins Presbyterian Church
Hopkins Presbyterian Church, also known as Hopkins Methodist Church, is a historic church building located near the junction of CR 66 and CR 86 in Hopkins, Richland County, South Carolina.  It was built about 1891, and is a small, one-story frame building. It was built by a Methodist congregation, and purchased by a Presbyterian congregation in 1919.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Richland County, South Carolina
Richland County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 416,147, making it the second-most populous county in South Carolina, behind only Greenville County. The county seat and largest community is Columbia, the state capital. The county was established on March 12, 1785. Richland County is part of the Columbia, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. In 2020, the center of population of South Carolina was located in Richland County, in the city of Columbia. The county is also the location of the geographic center of South Carolina, southeast of Columbia.
It is located in the Midlands region of South Carolina.
Baron Hill (politician)
Baron Paul Hill (born June 23, 1953) is a retired American politician who served as a U.S. representative for Indiana's 9th congressional district from 1999 to 2005 and from 2007 to 2011.

A native of Seymour, Indiana, Hill is a Democrat, and as a member of Congress belonged to the conservative-leaning Blue Dog Coalition of that party. Hill's district is in the southeastern part of the state, stretching from Bloomington to the Indiana side of the Louisville metropolitan area.

Indiana's 9th congressional district
Indiana's 9th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Indiana. Located in south-central and southeastern Indiana, the district includes the Indiana side of the Louisville metropolitan area. The district's largest city is Bloomington, home to Indiana University.

The district is currently represented by Erin Houchin, first elected in 2022.
Retardation time
Retardation is the delayed response to an applied force or stress, which can be described as "delay of the elasticity".

Ideal elastic materials show an immediate deformation after applying a jump-like stress, and an immediate reformation after removing the stress afterwards in the jump-like form again. For viscoelastic samples, this elastic behaviour occurs with a certain time delay.

The term "relaxation time" has been described. It is used in combination with tests presetting the strain (deformation) or strain rate (shear rate), e.g., when performing relaxation tests.

On the other hand, the term "retardation time" is used for tests when presetting the stress, e.g., when performing creep tests.

Relaxation (physics)
In the physical sciences, relaxation usually means the return of a perturbed system into equilibrium.
Each relaxation process can be categorized by a relaxation time τ. The simplest theoretical description of relaxation as function of time t is an exponential law exp(−t/τ) (exponential decay).
Veronika Vlasova
Veronika Valerievna Vlasova (Russian: Вероника Валериевна Власова; born 2 November 1966, Kemerovo) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 8th State Duma.

From 1990 to 2021, Vlasova worked at the Kemerovo Regional Clinical Hospital, first as an intern doctor and, later, as obstetrician-gynaecologist of the gynaecological department. In November 2003, she was appointed head of the gynaecological department. In September - October 2012, she had an internship in the Netherlands as part of the Presidential Management Training Program. Since September 2021, she has served as deputy of the 8th State Duma.

She is a candidate of science in medicine, equivalent to a DPhil or PhD in anglophone countries, and sits on the committee on health protection in the State Duma.

Candidate of Sciences
A Candidate of Sciences is a PhD-equivalent academic research degree established by the Soviet Union. Since the 1990s, it has been replaced by a Doctor of Philosophy degree in many post-soviet Central and Eastern European countries, but is still offered in others, particularly Russia. It is officially classified by UNESCO as ISCED level 8: doctoral or equivalent. In countries that confer a Candidate of Sciences degree, a more advanced degree, Doctor of Sciences, is usually conferred as a higher doctorate.

The Candidate of Sciences degree may be recognized as a Doctor of Philosophy, usually in natural sciences, by scientific institutions in other countries.
Convertors
The Convertors were a line of action figures made by Japanese toy company MARK and localized in North America by New York-based Select in the 1980s.

Often compared to the more famous Gobots and Transformers, the Convertors were a line of toys which came out at about the same time and also featured transforming robots.

Fighter Squadron 1 (United States Navy)
Fighter Squadron 1 (VF-1) was a fighter squadron of the United States Navy. Originally established on 14 October 1972 it was disestablished on 30 September 1993. It was the fifth US Navy squadron to be designated VF-1. Known as the "Wolfpack" the squadron saw combat during the Vietnam War and Operation Desert Storm.  The squadron was de-activated and its personnel reassigned in 1993 when its carrier, USS Ranger, was decommissioned.
Euphorbia ambovombensis
Euphorbia ambovombensis is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Madagascar. It is native to the area around Ambovombe at the southern end of the island, where it is locally common. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Trade in this species is regulated under Appendix I of CITES.

Ambovombe-Androy
Ambovombe-Androy ([ambuˈvumbe ˈaɳɖʐuj]), or just Ambovombe, is a city in the far south of Madagascar, and the capital of the Androy region. Ambovombe has now acquired city status with an officially estimated population of 114,230 in 2018.

The city is connected by the Route nationale 13 with Taolagnaro (110 km) to the east. The RN 13 also leads north to Ihosy (383 km), and the Route nationale 10 north-west to Toliara, but these roads are in bad condition.
Geology of the Comoros
The Comoros island chain in the Mozambique Channel is the result of the rifting of Madagascar away from Africa as well as "hotspot" mantle plume activity. The region is also impact by seismicity and deformation associated with the East African Rift system and the Comoros region is one of the best places in the world to study rift-hotspot interactions. The islands remain volcanically active.

Mozambique Channel
The Mozambique Channel (French: Canal du Mozambique, Malagasy: Lakandranon'i Mozambika, Portuguese: Canal de Moçambique) is an arm of the Indian Ocean located between the Southeast African countries of Madagascar and Mozambique. The channel is about 1,700 km (900 nmi; 1,100 mi) long and 419 km (226 nmi; 260 mi) across at its narrowest point, and reaches a depth of 3,292 m (10,801 ft) about 230 km (124 nmi; 143 mi) off the coast of Mozambique. A warm current, the Mozambique Current, flows in a southward direction in the channel, leading into the Agulhas Current off the east coast of Southern Africa.
Dwight School London
Dwight School London is an independent co-educational international school in North Finchley and Friern Barnet areas of north London, United Kingdom. The school educates children from the ages of 2-18 and consists of the senior and primary schools plus has a nursery. It offers the International Baccalaureate programme at all levels. It is part of the Dwight global family of schools which have presences in New York, Dubai, Hanoi, Shanghai, and Seoul.

North Finchley
North Finchley is a suburb of London in the London Borough of Barnet, situated seven miles (11 km) north-northwest of Charing Cross. North Finchley is centred on Tally Ho Corner, the junction of the roads to East Finchley, Church End, Friern Barnet and Whetstone.

North Finchley offers an array of amenities, including parks such as Victoria Park, providing residents and visitors alike with spaces for relaxation and recreation. Excellent transport links, including bus routes and nearby tube stations like Woodside Park and Finchley Central, facilitate easy travel to and from central London and surrounding areas.

Lodge Lane has a large car park, part of which is used as a Friday market.
African Movement for Development and Progress
The African Movement for Development and Progress (French: Mouvement africain pour la développement et le progrès, MADEP) is a political party in Benin created in 1997. In the legislative elections held on 30 March 2003, the party was part of the Presidential Movement, the alliance of supporters of President Mathieu Kérékou, who had won the 2001 presidential election, and won nine out of 83 seats. The President of MADEP is Séfou Fagbohoun, a wealthy businessman.

A leading member of the party, Antoine Kolawolé Idji, was elected President of the National Assembly in April 2003. In the presidential election of 5 March 2006, the party's candidate, Antoine Kolawolé Idji, took fifth place with 3.25% of the vote.

In the March 2007 parliamentary election, MADEP participated in the Alliance for a Dynamic Democracy, which won a total of 20 seats.

The party has used the rooster as a symbol in its campaign literature.

Elections in Benin
Elections in Benin take place within the framework of a multi-party democracy and a presidential system. Both the President and the National Assembly are directly elected by voters, with elections organised by the Autonomous National Electoral Commission (CENA).
Urzhar Airport
Ürjar Airport (Kazakh: Ürjar Äuejaiy) is an airport serving Ürjar the administrative center of Ürjar District in the Abai Region of Kazakhstan. It is classified as a national aerodrome in the latest AIP.

Abai Region
Abai Region (Kazakh: Абай облысы, romanized: Abai oblysy, pronounced [ɑˈbɑj wobləˈsə]) is a region of Kazakhstan. President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev announced on 16 March 2022 that the region would be created. The area split off from East Kazakhstan Region when Tokayev's bill came into force on 8 June 2022. The administrative center of the region is Semey, until 2007 known as "Semipalatinsk". Its borders roughly correspond to the old Semipalatinsk Region which was abolished in 1997 and merged with East Kazakhstan Region.