hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sharon Case
Sharon Case (born February 9, 1971)  is an American actress and former model. At the age of 17, Case began working as a model, relocating briefly to Japan, before pursuing an acting career. She is best known for her roles on daytime television soap operas, scoring parts in the serials General Hospital and As the World Turns during the early stages of her career. In 1994, she stepped into the role of Sharon Newman on the CBS daytime soap opera The Young and the Restless, which she still plays. Case, who is considered a leading actress in the series, won the 1999 Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.

CBS Daytime
CBS Daytime is the division of the CBS television network that is responsible for the daytime television block programming on the network's late morning and early afternoon schedule. The block has historically encompassed soap operas and game shows.
Ikoma Ienaga
Ikoma Ienaga (生駒 家長, died 1607) was a Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period through early Edo period, who served the Oda clan. He is Nobunaga's stable master (umamawari, 馬廻).

He served in a number of Nobunaga's battles, including Moribe (1561) and Anegawa (1570). After Nobunaga's death, he served Toyotomi Hideyoshi. He was the brother of Kitsuno, Oda Nobunaga's concubine.

Oda clan
The Oda clan (Japanese: 織田氏, Hepburn: Oda-shi) is a Japanese samurai family who were daimyo and an important political force in the unification of Japan in the mid-16th century. Though they reached the peak of their power under Oda Nobunaga and fell soon after, several branches of the family continued as daimyo houses until the Meiji Restoration. After the Meiji Restoration, all four heads of the houses of the clan were appointed viscounts in the new system of hereditary peerage.
Federalism, the Supreme Court, and the Seventeenth Amendment
Federalism, the Supreme Court, and the Seventeenth Amendment: The Irony of Constitutional Democracy is a 2001 book by American author Ralph A. Rossum. Rossum argues that U.S. state sovereignty was ensured in the Constitution through structural powers, not judicial review, and that the stripping of state legislatures' powers to elect U.S. senators killed that federalist system.

Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
The Seventeenth Amendment (Amendment XVII) to the United States Constitution established the direct election of United States senators in each state. The amendment supersedes Article I, Section 3, Clauses 1 and 2 of the Constitution, under which senators were appointed by state legislatures. It also alters the procedure for filling vacancies in the Senate, allowing for state legislatures to permit their governors to make temporary appointments until a special election can be held.

The amendment was proposed by the 62nd Congress in 1912 and became part of the Constitution upon ratification by three-quarters (36) of the state legislatures: on April 8, 1913. Sitting senators were not affected until their existing terms expired. The transition began with two special elections in Georgia and in Maryland, then in earnest with the November 1914 election; it was complete on March 4, 1919, when the senators chosen by the November 1918 election took office.
Chen Wei (politician)
Chen Wei (simplified Chinese: 陈伟; traditional Chinese: 陳偉; pinyin: Chén Weǐ; born October 1966) is a former Chinese politician who spent most of his career in East China's Shandong province. As of February 2015 he was under investigation by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Previously he served as the CCP Committee Secretary of Zaozhuang. He is now the executive director of China Jingyi Group and chairman of Zhejiang Huajingtong Tourism Development Co., Ltd.

Chinese media reported that Chen Wei had close relations with Gu Liping, wife of Ling Jihua, former vice chairman of the National Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and the head of the United Front Work Department of the Communist Party Central Committee.

United Front Work Department
The United Front Work Department (UFWD) is an organ of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) responsible for conducting "united front work." It manages relations with, gathers intelligence on, and attempts to gain influence over elite individuals and organizations inside and outside mainland China, including in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and in other countries.

The UFWD focuses its work on people or entities that are outside the CCP, especially in the overseas Chinese diaspora, who hold political, commercial, religious, or academic influence, or who represent interest groups. Through its efforts, the UFWD seeks to ensure that these individuals and groups are supportive of or useful to CCP interests and that potential critics remain divided.
Pennsylvania State Game Lands Number 314
The Pennsylvania State Game Lands Number 314 are Pennsylvania State Game Lands in Erie County in Pennsylvania in the United States primarily used for deer, turkey, fox, squirrel, gray squirrel, and American woodcock hunting. The park is bordered on its western edge by Ohio and on the north by Lake Erie.

Pennsylvania Game Commission
The Pennsylvania Game Commission (PGC) is the state agency responsible for wildlife conservation and management in Pennsylvania in the United States. It was originally founded 131 years ago and currently utilizes more than 700 full-time employees and thousands of part-time and volunteers in its official mission to "manage and protect wildlife and their habitats while promoting hunting and trapping for current and future generations."
Beyliks of Canik
Beyliks of Canik (Turkish: Canik beylikleri) was a group of small Turkish principalities in northern Anatolia during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Anthony Bryer connects the toponym Chanik with the name "Chani" which the Laz people call themselves.

Laz people
The Laz people, or Lazi (Laz: ლაზი Lazi; Georgian: ლაზი, lazi; or ჭანი, ch'ani; Turkish: Laz), are a Kartvelian ethnic group native to the South Caucasus, who mainly live in Black Sea coastal regions of Turkey and Georgia. They traditionally speak the Laz language (which is a member of the Kartvelian language family) but have experienced a rapid language shift to Turkish.

Of the 103,900 ethnic Laz in Turkey, only around 20,000 speak Laz and the language is classified as threatened (6b) in Turkey and shifting (7) in Georgia on the Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale.
Beatriz Noheda
Beatriz Noheda is a professor at the University of Groningen and the director of the Groningen Cognitive Systems and Materials Center (CogniGron ). She is particularly well known for discovering the monoclinic phase at the morphotropic phase boundary in lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and other piezoelectrics,  for her pioneering work in ferroelectric hafnia and for the development of memristors.

Hafnium(IV) oxide
Hafnium(IV) oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula HfO2. Also known as hafnium dioxide or hafnia, this colourless solid is one of the most common and stable compounds of hafnium. It is an electrical insulator with a band gap of 5.3~5.7 eV. Hafnium dioxide is an intermediate in some processes that yield hafnium metal.

Hafnium(IV) oxide is quite inert. It reacts with strong acids such as concentrated sulfuric acid and with strong bases. It dissolves slowly in hydrofluoric acid to give fluorohafnate anions. At elevated temperatures, it reacts with chlorine in the presence of graphite or carbon tetrachloride to give hafnium tetrachloride.
Barry Gustafson
Barry Selwyn Gustafson ONZM (born 1938) is a New Zealand political scientist and historian, and a leading political biographer.  He served for nearly four decades as professor of political studies at the University of Auckland, and as Acting Director of the New Zealand Asia Institute from 2004 to 2006. He has contested various general elections, first for the Labour Party and later for the National Party, coming second each time.

Dictionary of New Zealand Biography
The Dictionary of New Zealand Biography (DNZB) is an encyclopedia or biographical dictionary containing biographies of over 3,000 deceased New Zealanders. It was first published as a series of print volumes from 1990 to 2000, went online in 2002, and is now a part of Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. The dictionary superseded An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand of 1966, which had 900 biographies. The dictionary is managed by the Ministry for Culture and Heritage of the New Zealand Government. An earlier work of the same name in two volumes containing 2,250 entries, published in 1940 by Guy Scholefield with government assistance, is unrelated.
Realpolitik
Realpolitik (/reɪˈɑːlpɒlɪˌtiːk/ ray-AHL-po-lih-teek German: [ʁeˈaːlpoliˌtiːk] ⓘ) is the approach of conducting diplomatic or political policies based primarily on considerations of given circumstances and factors, rather than strictly following ideological, moral, or ethical premises. In this respect, it shares aspects of its philosophical approach with those of realism and pragmatism.

While generally used as a positive or neutral term, Realpolitik has been used pejoratively to imply policies that are perceived as being coercive, amoral, or Machiavellian. Prominent proponents of Realpolitik include Otto von Bismarck, Henry Kissinger, George H. W. Bush, George F. Kennan, Zbigniew Brzezinski, Hans-Dietrich Genscher, Deng Xiaoping, Charles de Gaulle, and Lee Kuan Yew. Realpolitik is often contrasted with Idealpolitik, which is guided by moral principles or ideals, and Gefühlspolitik, which is driven by and appeals to emotion or popular sentiment.

Amorality
Amorality (also known as amoralism) is an absence of, indifference towards, disregard for, or incapacity for morality. Some simply refer to it as a case of being neither moral nor immoral. The word amoral can be conflated with immoral, which refers to an agent doing or thinking something they know or believe to be wrong.

Morality and amorality in humans and other animals is a subject of dispute among scientists and philosophers. Human capabilities may be thought of as amoral in that they can be used for either constructive or destructive purposes, i.e., for good or for ill.

There is a position which claims that amorality is just another form of morality or a concept that is close to it, citing moral naturalism, moral constructivism, moral relativism, and moral fictionalism as constructs that resemble key aspects of amorality.
2022 World Athletics U20 Championships – Women's javelin throw
The women's javelin throw at the 2022 World Athletics U20 Championships was held at the Estadio Olímpico Pascual Guerrero on 1 and 2 August.

18 athletes from 13 countries were entered to the competition, however 16 of them competed.

2022 World Athletics U20 Championships
The 2022 World Athletics U20 Championships, also known colloquially by its former official title, the World Junior Championships, was an international athletics competition for athletes qualifying as juniors (born no earlier than 1 January 2003), which was held from 1 to 6 August 2022 at the Estadio Olímpico Pascual Guerrero in Cali, Colombia.
Cali previously hosted the 2015 World Youth Championships in Athletics.
1970 United States Virgin Islands voting age referendum
A referendum on the voting age was held in the United States Virgin Islands on 3 November 1970. After the Legislature of the Islands requested a referendum take place, it was approved by the United States Congress on 6 October 1970. Voters were given the options of 18, 19, 20 or 21, and the winning option had to receive an absolute majority of the vote. Although the results saw 55.67% vote in favor of setting the voting age at 18, when the blank votes were included, this dropped to 46.71%. A lawsuit was subsequently filed on 1 December 1970, and on 21 January 1971 a court decided that the blank ballots should be discarded, giving the 18 option an absolute majority of votes.

Prior to the Elective Governor Acts of 1968, the governor of the US Virgin Islands was appointed. Melvin H. Evans was the first governor elected under the new system.

Legislature of the Virgin Islands
The Legislature of the United States Virgin Islands is the territorial legislature of the United States Virgin Islands. The legislative branch of the unincorporated U.S. territory is unicameral, with a single house consisting of 15 senators, elected to two-year terms without term limits. The legislature meets in Charlotte Amalie on the island of St. Thomas.
Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories 14 (1952)
Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories 14 (1952) is the fourteenth volume of Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories, which is a series of short story collections, edited by Isaac Asimov and Martin H. Greenberg, which attempts to list the great science fiction stories from the Golden Age of Science Fiction. They date the Golden Age as beginning in 1939 and lasting until 1963. This volume was originally published by DAW books in January 1986.

Martin H. Greenberg
Martin Harry Greenberg (March 1, 1941 – June 25, 2011) was an American academic and anthologist in many genres, including mysteries and horror, but especially in speculative fiction. In all, he compiled 1,298 anthologies and commissioned over 8,200 original short stories. He founded Tekno Books, a packager of more than 2000 published books. He was also a co-founder of the Sci-Fi Channel. Greenberg was also an expert in terrorism and the Middle East. He was a longtime friend, colleague and business partner of Isaac Asimov.
Andrew Musgrave
Andrew "Andy" Musgrave (born 6 March 1990) is a British cross-country skier.  He has competed in the World Cup since 2008 and represented Great Britain at the 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019, 2021, 2023, and 2025 Nordic World Ski Championships and the 2010, 2014, 2018, 2022, and 2026 Winter Olympics.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2015
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2015 took place between 18 February and 1 March 2015 in Falun, Sweden. This was the fourth time the event is held there, having previously been held there in 1954, 1974 and 1993. In 1980, one World Ski Championship race was held there as well, to make up for its exclusion from the Olympic Games the same year.
2018 Idaho elections
A general election was held in the U.S. state of Idaho on November 6, 2018. All of Idaho's executive officers were up for election as well as both of Idaho's two seats in the United States House of Representatives. Primary elections were held on May 15, 2018.

Butch Otter
Clement Leroy "Butch" Otter (born May 3, 1942) is an American businessman and politician who served as the 32nd governor of Idaho from 2007 to 2019. A member of the Republican Party, he was elected in 2006, and re-elected in 2010 and 2014. Otter served as lieutenant governor from 1987 to 2001 and in Congress from 2001 to 2007.

Otter is Idaho’s second longest serving governor, ahead of Robert E. Smylie, but behind Cecil Andrus.
E. M. Waller
Edmund Meredith "Nig" Waller (October 18, 1904 – June 4, 1988) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Middle Tennessee State University from 1934 to 1935. He also coached basketball and baseball there from 1933 to 1935. During his two-season tenure as basketball coach at Middle Tennessee State, Waller compiled an overall record of 9–2. His football record was an overall 3–14–1. Waller played quarterback under Dan McGugin at Vanderbilt University from 1924 to 1926. He was called "Nig" due to his dark complexion. He was coach when Middle Tennessee was first dubbed the "Blue Raiders."

Prior to coaching at Middle Tennessee State University, Waller coached at Bessemer City High School in Bessemer, Alabama. In seven seasons at Bessemer, Waller went 49–11–4 (.797).

Middle Tennessee State University
Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU or MT) is a public research university in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, United States. Founded in 1911 as a normal school, the university consists of eight undergraduate colleges as well as a college of graduate studies, together offering more than 300 degree programs through more than 35 departments. It is classified among "R2:  Universities".

Prior to 2017, MTSU was governed by the Tennessee Board of Regents and part of the State University and Community College System of Tennessee. In 2017, governance was transferred to an institutional board of trustees. MTSU is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges. MTSU athletics programs compete intercollegiately in the NCAA Division I as a member of Conference USA.
Sadek, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Sadek [ˈsadɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pińczów, within Pińczów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Pińczów and 52 km (32 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Pińczów
Pińczów pronounced [ˈpʲiɲt͡ʂuf] is a town in southern Poland, in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. It lies approximately 40 km (25 mi) south of Kielce. It is the capital of Pińczów County. The population is 10,946 (2018). Pińczów belongs to the historical region of Lesser Poland (Polish: Małopolska) and lies in the valley of the river Nida.
West Budd Island
West Budd Island is the western of two larger islands at the north end of the Flat Islands, Holme Bay. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37. They named the northern islands Flatøynalane (the flat island needles). This western island was named by ANCA for Dr. G.M. Budd, medical officer at nearby Mawson Station in 1959.

Mawson Station
Mawson Station, commonly called Mawson, is one of three permanent bases and research outposts in Antarctica managed by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD). Mawson lies in Holme Bay in Mac. Robertson Land, East Antarctica in the Australian Antarctic Territory, a territory claimed by Australia. Established in 1954, Mawson is Australia's oldest Antarctic station and the oldest continuously inhabited Antarctic station south of the Antarctic Circle. It houses approximately 20 personnel over winter and up to 53 in summer.

Mawson was named in honour of the Australian Antarctic explorer Sir Douglas Mawson.

Mawson was listed on the Register of the National Estate in 2001 and listed on the Commonwealth Heritage List on 22 June 2004, reflecting the post-World War Two revival of Australia's scientific research and territorial interests in Antarctica.
St. Peter's Church, Akureyri
St. Peter's Church (Icelandic: St. Péturskirkja) is a religious building of the Catholic Church which is located in Eyrarlandsvegi 26, in the town of Akureyri, Norduland Eystra (Northeast Region) in Iceland, and named after Saint Peter.

St. Peter's Church follows the Roman or Latin rite and is located within the Diocese of Reykjavík, the capital of Iceland. The church is noted for its red and white colors. The house was built in 1912, acquired by the diocese in 1952 and rebuilt as a church from 1998 to 2000.

Another church also dedicated to St. Peter is located nearby in Hrafnagilsstræti 2.

Diocese of Reykjavík
The Diocese of Reykjavík (Latin: Dioecesis Reykiavikensis)  is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church which covers the whole of the country of Iceland, and numbered 14,723 Catholics as of 2022. It is directly subject to the Holy See.
John Butler (Irish politician)
John Butler (1891 – 16 February 1968) was an Irish politician, farmer and trade union official. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann at the 1922 general election for the Waterford–Tipperary East constituency as a Labour Party Teachta Dála (TD). He was re-elected for the Waterford constituency at the 1923 general election. He lost his seat at the June 1927 general election. He stood for the Dáil again at several subsequent general elections but was not elected.

In 1933 he joined Fine Gael on its formation and unsuccessfully stood as a party candidate at the 1937 and 1943 general elections for the Waterford constituency.

He was elected to the 2nd Seanad on the Labour Panel in 1938. He served in the Seanad until losing his seat at the 1957 Seanad election. He was re-elected on the Labour Panel at the 1961 Seanad election, and he did not contest the 1965 election.

His son Pierce Butler also served as a Senator from 1969 to 1983.

Seanad Éireann
53°20′26″N 6°15′14″W﻿ / ﻿53.34055°N 6.254021°W﻿ / 53.34055; -6.254021
Seanad Éireann (/ˈʃænəd ˈɛərən, ˈʃænəð/ ⓘ SHAN-əd(h) AIR-ən; Irish: [ˈʃan̪ˠəd̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ]; "Senate of Ireland") is the upper house of the Oireachtas (the Irish legislature), which also comprises the President of Ireland and Dáil Éireann (the lower house).

It is commonly called the Seanad or Senate and its members are known as senators (Irish: seanadóirí, singular: seanadóir). Unlike Dáil Éireann, it is not directly elected but consists of a mixture of members chosen by various methods. Its powers are much weaker than those of the Dáil and it can only delay laws with which it disagrees, rather than veto them outright. It can introduce new legislation. Since its establishment, it has been located in Leinster House.
Essential spectrum
In mathematics, the essential spectrum of a bounded operator (or, more generally, of a densely defined closed linear operator) is a certain subset of its spectrum, defined by a condition of the type that says, roughly speaking, "fails badly to be invertible".

Isolated point
In mathematics, a point x is called an isolated point of a subset S (in a topological space X) if x is an element of S and there exists a neighborhood of x that does not contain any other points of S. This is equivalent to saying that the singleton {x}  is an open set in the topological space S (considered as a subspace of X). Another equivalent formulation is: an element x of S is an isolated point of S if and only if it is not a limit point of S.

If the space X is a metric space, for example a Euclidean space, then an element x of S is an isolated point of S if there exists an open ball around x that contains only finitely many elements of S.
A point set that is made up only of isolated points is called a discrete set or discrete point set (see also discrete space).
LG enV3 (VX9200)
The LG enV3 is a mobile phone built by LG Electronics, and released from Verizon Wireless in the United States and Telus Mobility in Canada (as the Keybo 2).  It succeeded the LG enV2. Along with a slimmer design, the enV3 also boasts a full keyboard, a 2.6-inch screen and a 3.0-megapixel camera. In addition to standard phone and text messaging capabilities, the enV3 can be used as a portable music player as well as Internet capabilities such as e-mail and web browsing. The phone is Bluetooth enabled.

LG Electronics
LG Electronics Inc. (Korean: 엘지 전자; RR: Elji Jeonja) is a South Korean multinational major appliance and consumer electronics corporation headquartered in Yeouido-dong, Seoul, South Korea. LG Electronics is a part of LG Corporation, the fourth largest chaebol in South Korea, and often considered as the pinnacle of LG Corp with the group's chemical and battery division LG Chem. It comprises four business units: home entertainment, mobility, home appliances & air solutions, and business solutions. LG Electronics acquired Zenith in 1995 and is the largest shareholder of LG Display, the world's largest display company by revenue in 2020. LG Electronics is also the world's second largest television manufacturer behind Samsung Electronics. The company has 128 operations worldwide, employing 83,000 people.