hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert F. Almeder
Robert F. Almeder (born December 11, 1939) is Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at Georgia State University. He is known in particular for his work on the philosophy of science, and has also written on the philosophy of mind, epistemology and ethics. He is the author of 24 books, including The Philosophy of Charles S. Peirce (1980), Death and Personal Survival (1992), Harmless Naturalism: The Limits of Science and the Nature of Philosophy (1998), Human Happiness and Morality (2000), and Truth and Skepticism (2010).

Almeder served as the editor of the American Philosophical Quarterly (1998–2003), and co-edited the annual Biomedical Ethics Reviews (1983–2004). He was the inaugural McCullough Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at Hamilton College in New York (2005–2007), where he taught courses on human rights, biomedical ethics and the law.

Hamilton College
Hamilton College is a private liberal arts college in Kirkland, New York, with a Clinton postal address. It was established as the Hamilton-Oneida Academy in 1793 and received its charter as Hamilton College in 1812, in honor of Alexander Hamilton, one of its inaugural trustees, following a proposal made after his death in 1804. Since 1978, Hamilton has been a coeducational institution, having merged with its sister school, Kirkland College.

Hamilton enrolled approximately 2,000 undergraduate students as of the fall of 2021. The curriculum offers 57 areas of study, including 44 majors, as well as the option to design interdisciplinary concentrations. The student body consists of 53% female and 47% male students, representing 45 U.S. states and 46 countries. The acceptance rate for the class of 2026 was 11.8%. Hamilton's athletic teams participate in the New England Small College Athletic Conference.
General Staff Presidency
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's General Staff Presidency (Arabic: رئاسة الأركان العامة) is the general command of the Armed Forces of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, organized under the Ministry of Defense. Its headquarters is located in Riyadh.

Ministry of Defense (Saudi Arabia)
The Ministry of Defense (Arabic: وزارة الدفاع) is a government ministry in Saudi Arabia responsible for protecting the country’s national security and sovereignty against external threats. It oversees the Saudi Arabian Armed Forces and all of their service branches.
Mares of Diomedes
The Mares of Diomedes (Ancient Greek: Διομήδους ἵπποι, romanized: Diomēdous hippoi), also called the Mares of Thrace, were a herd of man-eating horses in Greek mythology. Magnificent, wild, and uncontrollable, they belonged to Diomedes of Thrace (not to be confused with Diomedes, son of Tydeus), king of Thrace, son of Ares and Cyrene who lived on the shores of the Black Sea. Bucephalus, Alexander the Great's horse, was said to be descended from these mares.

Bucephalus
Bucephalus (/bjuː.ˈsɛ.fə.ləs/; Ancient Greek: Βουκεφᾰ́λᾱς, romanized: Boukephalas; c. 355 BC – June 326 BC) or Bucephalas, was the horse of Alexander the Great, and one of the most famous horses of classical antiquity. According to the Alexander Romance (1.15), the name "Bucephalus" literally means "ox-headed" (from βοῦς and κεφᾰλή), and supposedly comes from a brand (or scar) on the thigh of the horse that looked like an ox's head.

Ancient historical accounts state that Bucephalus's breed was that of the "best Thessalian strain", and that he died in what is now Punjab, Pakistan, after the Battle of the Hydaspes in 326 BC. Alexander was so grieved at the loss of his horse that he named one of the many cities he founded after him, as Alexandria Bucephalus.
BrandYourself
BrandYourself is a US-based online reputation management company. It provides software and services to help businesses and individuals out-rank search results with new content and websites. It operates on a freemium model, in which certain tools and services are provided without charge, but also offers paid subscriptions and professional services.

The company was founded in 2010 by three students from Syracuse University. In 2015, the company featured on the TV show Shark Tank, where it turned down an investment offer from Robert Herjavec. In 2018, the company's CEO and COO appeared on the BBC show Dragons' Den where they accepted an offer from entrepreneur Peter Jones.

Dragons' Den (British TV programme)
Dragons' Den is a British reality television business programme, presented by Evan Davis and based upon the original Japanese series. The show allows several entrepreneurs an opportunity to present their varying business ideas to a panel of five wealthy investors, the "Dragons" of the show's title, and pitch for financial investment while offering a stake of the company in return.

The first episode was broadcast on BBC Two on 4 January 2005. After 16 series on the channel, the show has been broadcast on BBC One since 2021. Reruns of previous episodes are still broadcast on BBC Two. The programme is produced by BBC Studios Factual Entertainment Productions and co-produced with Sony Pictures Television International, the owners of the format that is distributed worldwide. The show was also broadcast by UKTV channel Dave during the daytime and late nights between 2007 and 2013.
Tallinn Music Week
Tallinn Music Week (TMW) is an International new music showcase (INMS), city culture festival and networking event for music and creative industry professionals, held every spring in Tallinn, Estonia since 2009. Operated by Tallinn-based company Shiftworks OÜ, it showcases emerging artists from all over Europe and beyond, provides a networking platform for music and creative industry professionals, and introduces the city of Tallinn. The festival is attended by around 20,000 people and 1,000 music industry executives yearly. TMW has been acknowledged as an important industry event and attractive tourism destination by The Guardian, New York Times, Forbes, and Experty.by.

Mari Kalkun
Mari Kalkun (born 1 April 1986) is an Estonian singer and musician who specializes in contemporary folk music. She has performed at home and abroad with the ensemble Runorum, releasing several recordings since 2007. In 2013, she was voted the best singer at Estonia's Ethno Music Awards. Her widely acclaimed 2018 album Ilmamõtsan consists of the songs inspired by Estonian traditional folk music, especially that from the villages of Kalkun's native Võru in south-eastern Estonia.
Ellis County, Texas
Ellis County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of 2020, its population was estimated to be 192,455. The county seat is Waxahachie. The county was founded in 1849 and organized the next year. It is named for Richard Ellis, president of the convention that produced the Texas Declaration of Independence. Ellis County is included in the Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metropolitan statistical area.

Texas Declaration of Independence
The Texas Declaration of Independence, adopted on March 2, 1836 at the Convention of 1836 in Washington-on-the-Brazos, formally declared Texas's independence from Mexico during the Texas Revolution. It was signed by delegates the following day after corrections were made to the text.
Aleksandra Ziółkowska-Boehm
Aleksandra Ziółkowska-Boehm (born 15 April 1949) is a Polish-born United States–based writer and academic. She obtained her Ph.D. in humanistic studies at the Warsaw University. Her works include historical biographies, the current outlook of Native Americans, autobiographical stories of her travels, Ingrid Bergman (a relative of 
Ziółkowska-Boehm's husband, Norman Boehm), and cats.

Central Connecticut State University
Central Connecticut State University (Central Connecticut, CCSU, Central Connecticut State, or informally Central) is a public university in New Britain, Connecticut. Founded in 1849 as the State Normal School, CCSU is Connecticut's oldest publicly-funded university. It is made up of four schools: the Ammon College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences; the School of Business; the School of Education and Professional Studies; and the School of Engineering, Science, and Technology. As of Spring 2022, the university was attended by 8,898 students: 7,054 undergraduate students and 1,844 graduate students. More than half of students live off campus and 96 percent are Connecticut residents. The school is part of the Connecticut State Colleges & Universities system (CSCU), which also oversees Eastern, Western, and Southern Connecticut State Universities.
N,N'-Diallyl-L-tartardiamide
N,N′-Diallyl-L-tartardiamide (DATD) is a crosslinking agent for polyacrylamide gels, e.g., as used for SDS-PAGE. Compared to bisacrylamide gels, DATD gels have a stronger interaction with glass, and therefore are used in applications where the polyacrylamide gel acts as a "plug" structural component at the bottom of a gel electrophoresis apparatus, thereby preventing a weak discontinuous gel from sliding out from or otherwise moving within the apparatus. Unlike bisacrylamide-polyacrylamide gels, DATD-polyacrylamide gels can be conveniently dissolved using periodic acid due to the presence of viscinal diols in DATD. DATD is the slowest polyacrylamide crosslinker tested, and has can act as an inhibitor of polymerization at high concentrations.

Periodic acid
Periodic acid (/ˌpɜːraɪˈɒdɪk/ per-eye-OD-ik) is an oxoacid of iodine. It can exist in two forms: orthoperiodic acid, with the chemical formula H5IO6, and metaperiodic acid, which has the formula HIO4. Periodic acids are colourless crystals. Periodic acid features iodine in the highest oxidation state of +7.

Periodic acid was discovered by Heinrich Gustav Magnus and C. F. Ammermüller in 1833.
Jan van Virneburg
Jan van Virneburg (died 23 June 1371) served as Bishop of Utrecht from 1364 until his death in 1371. He had previously served as Prince and Bishop of Münster from 1363 to 1364.

Jan van Virneburg was transferred from Münster to Utrecht by Pope Urban V after the transfer of bishop Jan van Arkel from Utrecht to Liege. His rule was not a success. Already during the vacancy before his consecration, the chapters and the city of Utrecht united to codify their rights in the so-called Overdrachte. Because of this, Jan was a weak leader, forced to follow the politics of the states. He did not succeed in continuing the strong rule his predecessor had had. During the war against Albert I, Count of Holland he suffered multiple defeats, and he was captured during an expedition to Twente. In order to pay his ransom he was forced to lease the Oversticht and Vollenhove.

Albert I, Duke of Bavaria
Albert I, Duke of Lower Bavaria (German: Albrecht; 25 July 1336 – 13 December 1404) was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries. Additionally, he held a portion of the Bavarian province of Straubing, his Bavarian ducal line's appanage and seat, Lower Bavaria.
J.League promotion/relegation series
In 2004, J. League introduced a series of two test matches called League Promotion/relegation Series (入れ替え戦, irekae sen) (J1/J2 play-offs) between the sixteenth-place J. Division 1 (J1) club and third-place J.league Division 2 (J2) club. The winner of this game receives the third and final ticket to J1 in the following season, with the first two going to the first- and second-place J2 teams at the end of the season.

Kashiwa Reysol
Kashiwa Reysol (柏レイソル, Kashiwa Reisoru) is a Japanese professional football club based in Kashiwa, Chiba Prefecture, part of the Greater Tokyo Area. The club plays in the J1 League, which is the top tier of football in the country. Their home stadium is Sankyo Frontier Kashiwa Stadium, also known as "Hitachidai". Reysol is a portmanteau of the Spanish words Rey and Sol, meaning "Sun King". The name alludes to their parent company Hitachi, whose name means "rising sun" in Japanese.

The club was formed in 1940 and was a founding member ("Original Eight") of the Japan Soccer League (JSL) in 1965. Since the league's inception, they have spent the majority of their existence in the top tier of Japanese football. They have been Japanese League champions twice in 1972 and 2011, and have won three League Cups in 1976, 1999 and 2013, and three Emperor's Cups in 1972, 1975 and 2012.
Parnell and the Englishwoman
Parnell and the Englishwoman is a British television miniseries which aired on BBC Two in four hour-long episodes from 9 to 30 January 1991, and RTÉ One from 10 to 31 January 1991. The story is based on an episode in the life of Irish politician Charles Stewart Parnell and is based on Hugh Leonard's historical novel of the same name. The series was also shown on Masterpiece Theatre in the United States.

The television miniseries was produced by the BBC and Polymuse. It stars Trevor Eve and Francesca Annis

Masterpiece (TV series)
Masterpiece, styled as MASTERPIECE (formerly known as Masterpiece Theatre), is a drama anthology television series produced by WGBH Boston. It premiered on PBS on January 10, 1971. The series has presented numerous acclaimed British productions. Many of these are produced by the BBC, but the lineup has also included programs shown on the UK channels ITV1, Channel 4, and Channel 5.
Vehicle registration plates of the territories of the United States
All five inhabited United States territories require and issue license plates to vehicles. Puerto Rico was the first to require residents to register their motor vehicles and display license plates in 1906. However, the first territory to actually issue license plates was the former U.S. territory of the Panama Canal Zone, which began in 1910 and continued until September 1979.

Vehicle registration plates of Hawaii
Each of Hawaii's four counties registered vehicles completely autonomously starting with the City & County of Honolulu in 1906, and license plates were homemade / owner-provided. The first government-issued plates were used by both Honolulu and the County of Hawaii in 1915. Maui County first issued plates in 1919, while Kauai County retained homemade plates through 1921; this was the last jurisdiction in the United States to do so. All license plates were standardized throughout the Territory of Hawaii for the first time in 1922. Despite its status at the time as a territory, Hawaii's vehicle registration laws and license plates were the same as the rest of the United States until the State of Hawaii was admitted to the U.S. as the 50th state in August 1959.
Parsytec
Isra Vision Parsytec AG, a subsidiary of Isra Vision, was originally founded in 1985 as Parsytec (parallel system technology) in Aachen, Germany.

Parsytec gained recognition in the late 1980s and early 1990s as a manufacturer of transputer-based parallel systems. Its product lineup ranged from single transputer plug-in boards for IBM PCs to large, massively parallel systems with thousands of transputers (or processors), such as the Parsytec GC. Some sources describe the latter as ultracomputer-sized, scalable multicomputers (smC).

As part of ISRA VISION AG, the company now focuses on the machine vision and industrial image processing sectors. ISRA Parsytec products are primarily used for quality and surface inspection, particularly in the metal and paper industries.

SPARCstation
The SPARCstation, SPARCserver and SPARCcenter product lines are a series of SPARC-based computer workstations and servers in desktop, desk side (pedestal) and rack-based form factor configurations, that were developed and sold by Sun Microsystems.

The first SPARCstation was the SPARCstation 1 (also known as the Sun 4/60), introduced in 1989. The series was very popular and introduced the Sun-4c architecture, a variant of the Sun-4 architecture previously introduced in the Sun 4/260. Thanks in part to the delay in the development of more modern processors from Motorola, the SPARCstation series was very successful across the entire industry. The last model bearing the SPARCstation name was the SPARCstation 4. The workstation series was replaced by the Sun Ultra series in 1995; the next Sun server generation was the Sun Enterprise line introduced in 1996.
Feminist views on the Oedipus complex
Feminists have long struggled with Sigmund Freud's classical model of gender and identity development, which centers on the Oedipus complex. Freud's model, which became integral to orthodox psychoanalysis, suggests that because women lack the visible genitals of the male, they feel they are "missing" the most central characteristic necessary for gaining narcissistic value—therefore developing feelings of gender inequality and penis envy. In his late theory on the feminine, Freud recognized the early and long lasting libidinal attachment of the daughter to the mother during the pre-oedipal stages. Feminist psychoanalysts have confronted these ideas (particularly the female relationship to the real, imaginary and symbolic phallus) and reached different conclusions. Some generally agree with Freud's major outlines, modifying it through observations of the pre-Oedipal phase. Others reformulate Freud's theories more completely.

Feminist theory
Feminist theory is the extension of feminism into theoretical, fictional, or philosophical discourse. It aims to understand the nature of gender inequality. It examines women's and men's social roles, experiences, interests, chores, and feminist politics in a variety of fields, such as anthropology and sociology, communication, media studies, psychoanalysis, political theory, home economics, literature, education, and philosophy.

Feminist theory often focuses on analyzing gender inequality. Themes often explored in feminist theory include discrimination, objectification (especially sexual objectification), oppression, patriarchy, stereotyping, art history and contemporary art, and aesthetics.
2011 Copa Topper – Doubles
Diego Junqueira and Brian Dabul were the defending champions but decided not to participate.
Carlos Berlocq and Eduardo Schwank won the title, defeating Marcel Felder and Jaroslav Pospíšil 6–7(1–7), 6–4, [10–7] in the final.

Jaroslav Pospíšil
Jaroslav Pospíšil (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjaroslaf ˈpospiːʃɪl]; born 9 February 1981) is a Czech tennis coach and a former professional player who competed on the ITF Futures and ATP Challenger tours. On 23 May 2011 he reached his highest ATP singles ranking of world No. 103. On 1 October 2012, he reached his best doubles ranking of No. 115.

To date, Pospíšil has reached 53 singles finals on the ATP Challenger and ITF Futures tours, from which he has won 28 titles. On the same tours, he has won 64 doubles titles after reaching a total of 101 doubles finals.
1992 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2
The 1992 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2 season is the fourth season of Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2. A total of eight teams participated in the season.

Kedah and Kelantan were relegated from 1991 Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 1.

Under the new format, only the top six teams in Divisyen 1 and the Divisyen 2 champions and runners-up will be involved in the Malaysia Cup. Malaysia Cup was played from the quarter-final stage, scheduled for November after the league was finished. The Malaysia Cup quarter-final and semi-final matches will be played on a home and away basis.

The season kicked off on 10 May 1992. Kedah ended up the season by winning the title. Kedah and Penang were automatically promoted to the first division alongside Kelantan which won the promotion play-off against Singapore.

Singapore FA
Singapore FA was a representative team of the Football Association of Singapore in competitions run by the Football Association of Malaysia, separate from the Singapore national team. Despite dissolving in 1994, it is still by far the second most successful team in Malaysia with 65 honours (only surpassed by its rival Selangor). Its derby with Selangor was known as the most North-South Rivalry.
Andrew Pleavin
Andrew Pleavin (born 13 April 1968) is an English actor known for his appearances in the TV film Attila, Unstoppable, Batman Begins, Attack of the Gryphon, Return to House on Haunted Hill and his roles in the British police dramas Messiah III: the Promise and The Bill. In February 2006, he was cast in 300 by Frank Miller, a film in which he played a character called Daxos.

Pleavin was born in England but spent his early years in Transvaal, South Africa. He returned to the UK and to the Wirral in Northern England, aged 12, and received a black belt status in martial arts at the age of 18 after six years of training in Liverpool and London.

From 1993 to 1996, he trained at the London Drama Centre.

Transvaal (province)
The Province of Transvaal (Afrikaans: Provinsie van Transvaal), commonly referred to as the Transvaal (/ˈtrɑːnsvɑːl, ˈtræns-/; Afrikaans: [transˈfɑːl]), was a province of South Africa from 1910 until 1994, when a new constitution subdivided it following the end of apartheid. The name "Transvaal" is from the Latin prefix trans, which means across from, or on the other side. Hence, Transvaal refers to the province's geographical location to the north of the Vaal River. Its capital was Pretoria, which was also the country's executive capital.
Harrie Wade
Harrie Walter Wade OBE (10 January 1905 – 18 November 1964) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the Country Party and served as a Senator for Victoria from 1956 until his death in 1964. He was the party's Senate leader and held ministerial office in the Menzies Government as Minister for Air (1960–1961) and Minister for Health (1961–1964).

Menzies government (1949–1966)
The Menzies government (1949–1966) refers to the second period of federal executive government of Australia led by Prime Minister Robert Menzies. It was made up of members of a Liberal–Country Party coalition in the Australian Parliament from 1949 to 1966. Menzies led the Liberal–Country Coalition to election victories in 1949, 1951, 1954, 1955, 1958, 1961 and 1963. Robert Menzies was Australia's longest serving prime minister. He had served a previous term as prime minister as leader of the United Australia Party from 1939 to 1941. Although he would retire in 1966, his party would remain in office until 1972, an unprecedented 23 years of government from nine consecutive election victories.
Verkhnyaya Malykhina
Verkhnyaya Malykhina (Russian: Верхняя Малыхина) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Artyukhovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  47 (2010 census); 53 (2002 census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Lars Schmidt (producer)
Lars Reinhold Schmidt (11 June 1917 – 18 October 2009) was a Swedish theatrical producer, director and publisher. He owned theaters in Paris, France, and Sweden. Schmidt was instrumental in bringing American theater to the European stage. He produced and translated numerous post-war American plays in Europe; including A Street Car Named Desire, Cat On A Hot Tin Roof, Oklahoma! and Anne Frank. He is considered one of the most important cultural personalities of the 20th century evolution and commercialization of European theatre. In a 1964 Life magazine article, he was called "Europe's most important theatrical producer." Lars Schmidt married three-time Academy Award-winning film star Ingrid Bergman in December 1958.

Broken Glass (play)
Broken Glass is a 1994 play by Arthur Miller, focusing on a couple in New York City in 1938, the same time of Kristallnacht, in Nazi Germany. The play's title is derived from Kristallnacht, which is also known as the Night of Broken Glass.