hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Allopregnane
Allopregnane, also known as 5α-pregnane or as 10β,13β-dimethyl-17β-ethyl-5α-gonane, is a steroid and a parent compound of a variety of steroid derivatives. It is one of the epimers of pregnane, the other being 5β-pregnane. Derivatives of allopregnane include the naturally occurring steroids allopregnanolone, allopregnanediol, isopregnanolone, and 5α-dihydroprogesterone.

Epimer
In stereochemistry, an epimer is one of a pair of diastereomers. The two epimers have opposite configuration at only one stereogenic center out of at least two. All other stereogenic centers in the molecules are the same in each. Epimerization is the interconversion of one epimer to the other epimer.
Andy Lehrer
Andy Z. Lehrer (Hebrew: אנדי לרר; 16 May 1930 – 6 February 2014) was a Romanian entomologist. From 1996 until his death, he worked as a research associate in the laboratory of Zoology at the University of Tel Aviv in Tel Aviv, Israel. For several years, he studied flesh flies and blow flies from all over the world.

Lehrer was born in Iaşi, Romania. He died in February 2014, aged 83.

For many years he self-published the journal Fragmenta Dipterologica, for which he was almost the sole contributing author.

Self-publishing
Self-publishing is an author-driven publication of any media without the involvement of a third-party publisher. Since the advent of the internet, self-publishing usually depends on digital platforms and print-on-demand technology, ranging from physical books to eBooks. Examples include magazines, print-on-demand books, music albums, pamphlets, brochures, video games, video content, artwork, zines, and web fiction. Self-publishing is an alternative to traditional publishing that has implications for production, cost and revenue, distribution, and public perception.
Shao–Jiang Min
Shao–Jiang or Shaojiang Min (simplified Chinese: 邵将; traditional Chinese: 邵將; pinyin: Shàojiāng) is a Min Chinese language centered on Western Nanping in Northwest Fujian, specifically in the Nanping counties of Guangze, Shaowu, and Western Shunchang and the Northern Sanming county of Jiangle.

Shao–Jiang developed from Northern Min (Min Bei), and was deeply influenced by Gan Chinese and Hakka Chinese. The classification of Shao–Jiang is disputed. It is frequently classified as a variety of Northern Min, but sometimes it is excluded from Min and classified as Gan Chinese instead. But it is mutually intelligible with neither other Northern Min nor other Gan. Actually it is a collection of dialects which have limited mutual intelligibility with each other instead of a coherent language. Some Chinese scholars call them Min-Gan varieties (闽赣方言), Min-Gan transitional varieties (闽赣过渡方言) or Min-Hakka-Gan transitional varieties (闽客赣过渡方言).

Shaowu
Shaowu (Chinese: 邵武; pinyin: Shàowǔ) is a county-level city in northwestern Fujian province, China. It is located in the central part of the Wuyi Mountains and borders Jiangxi province to the west. The city has a population of over 270,000.  The local dialect incorporates elements of both Northern Min and Gan Chinese.
How Little We Know
"How Little We Know" is a song written by Hoagy Carmichael and Johnny Mercer for the 1944 film To Have and Have Not, where it is performed by the character "Slim" played by Lauren Bacall.  A young Andy Williams recorded the song for the film as a possible alternative track to dub Bacall's low voice; however, Bacall claimed that they used her singing. After the film's release, it was a hit recording sung by Judy Johnson. Nick Perito and his orchestra recorded an instrumental cover of the song for Muzak's Stimulus Progression program in the 1970s.

In 1948, a recording of "How Little We Know" by British singer Steve Conway was released by Columbia. It has been covered periodically, most recently in 1999 by Michael Feinstein with the Maynard Ferguson Big Band for the album Big City Rhythms.

This song should not be confused with the Carolyn Leigh/Phillip Springer composition "(How Little It Matters) How Little We Know", which was first recorded by Frank Sinatra in 1956.

Michael Feinstein
Michael Jay Feinstein (born September 7, 1956) is an American singer, pianist, and music revivalist. He is an archivist and interpreter for the repertoire known as the Great American Songbook. In 1988, he won a Drama Desk Special Award for celebrating American musical theater songs. Feinstein is also a multi-platinum-selling, five-time Grammy-nominated recording artist.  He is the founder of the Great American Songbook Foundation and the artistic director for Allied Solutions Center for the Performing Arts in Carmel, Indiana.
Dendi (province)
The Dendi (or Dandi, Dendiganda) was a former province of the Songhai Empire. It survived the fall of the Empire as a kingdom until 1901, when it was conquered by France and incorporated into French West Africa. Its centers today are the cities of Gaya in Niger, Kamba in Nigeria and Malanville in Benin.

French West Africa
French West Africa (French: Afrique-Occidentale française, AOF) was a federation of eight French colonial territories in West Africa: Mauritania, Senegal, French Sudan (now Mali), French Guinea (now Guinea), Ivory Coast, Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso), Dahomey (now Benin) and Niger. The federation existed from 1895 until 1958. Its capital was Saint-Louis in Senegal until 1902, and then Dakar until the federation's collapse in 1960.

With an area of 4,689,000 km2, French West Africa was eight times the size of Metropolitan France. French Equatorial Africa had an additional area of 2,500,000 km2.
Italian law codes
The Italian law codes constitute the codified law of Italy. They include a civil code and its related procedure code, a criminal code and its related procedure code, and a navigation code. Starting from the 1980s, more specific subjects were needed and specific codes were created to better codify the law.

Civil code
A civil code is a codification of private law relating to property, family, and obligations.

A jurisdiction that has a civil code generally also has a code of civil procedure. In some jurisdictions with a civil code, a number of the core areas of private law that would otherwise typically be codified in a civil code may instead be codified in a commercial code.
Lisa Feret
Lisa Feret (born July 31, 1988) is an American politician and social worker. She has been a member of the Colorado House of Representatives since January 2025, representing the 24th district, which includes portions of Adams and Jefferson counties, including the communities of Arvada and Fairmount. She was previously a member of the Arvada City Council. She is a member of the Democratic Party.

Fairmount, Colorado
Fairmount is an unincorporated community and a census-designated place (CDP) located in and governed by Jefferson County, Colorado, United States. The CDP is a part of the Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population of the Fairmount CDP was 9,324 at the United States Census 2020.
Battle of Dryfe Sands
The Battle of Dryfe Sands was a Scottish clan battle that took place on 6 December 1593, near Lockerbie, Scotland. It was fought between the  Clan Maxwell and Clan Johnstone after a hundred years of feuding between them. The Johnstones won a decisive victory over the Maxwells.

Historic Environment Scotland
Historic Environment Scotland (HES) (Scottish Gaelic: Àrainneachd Eachdraidheil Alba) is an executive non-departmental public body responsible for investigating, caring for and promoting Scotland's historic environment. HES was formed in 2015 from the merger of government agency Historic Scotland with the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS).
Edward Fitzharris
Edward Fitzharris (1648? – 1681) was an Anglo-Irish conspirator. His prosecution following the waning of public belief in the  Popish Plot hoax became a struggle for jurisdiction involving the courts and the two Houses of Parliament. He was executed for treason in 1681.

Popish Plot
The Popish Plot was a fictitious conspiracy invented by Titus Oates that between 1678 and 1681 gripped the kingdoms of England and Scotland in anti-Catholic hysteria. Oates alleged that there was an extensive Catholic conspiracy to assassinate Charles II, accusations that led to the show trials and executions of at least 22 men and precipitated the Exclusion Bill Crisis. During this tumultuous period, Oates weaved an intricate web of accusations, fueling public fears and paranoia. However, as time went on, the lack of substantial evidence and inconsistencies in Oates's testimony began to unravel the plot. Eventually, Oates himself was arrested and convicted for perjury, exposing the fabricated nature of the conspiracy.
Eocronartium
Eocronartium muscicola is a species of fungus belonging to the order Platygloeales. It is currently the only species in the monotypic genus Eocronartium. In the UK its recommended English name is moss rust. The species forms clavarioid basidiocarps (fruit bodies) on mosses, on which it is parasitic.

At least 21 moss species, all in the subclass Bryidae, are recorded as hosts for Eocronartium muscicola. The fungus parasitizes its host through its gametophytic transfer cells. The species appears to be widespread, with most reports from Europe, North and South America.

Transfer cell
Transfer cells are specialized parenchyma cells that have an increased surface area, due to infoldings of the plasma membrane. They facilitate the transport of sugars from a sugar source, mainly mature leaves, to a sugar sink, often developing leaves or fruits. They are found in nectaries of flowers and some carnivorous plants.
Transfer cells are specially found in plants in the region of absorption or secretion of nutrients.

The term transfer cell was coined by Brian Gunning and John Stewart Pate. Their presence is generally  correlated with the existence of extensive solute influxes across the plasma membrane.
Brad Crawford (Canadian football)
Brad Crawford (born February 4, 1987) is a Canadian former professional football defensive back. He was drafted by the Toronto Argonauts in the sixth round of the 2009 CFL draft. He played CIS football for the Guelph Gryphons.

He is the younger brother of fellow Argonaut Bryan Crawford.

In 2009 Crawford was invited to the Argonauts pre-season training camp, but was later put on the suspended list on June 7. He was invited to the Argonauts pre-season training camp again in 2010, but was released on June 20.

U Sports football
U Sports football is the highest level of amateur play of Canadian football and operates under the auspices of U Sports, Canada's governing body for university sports. Twenty-seven teams from Canadian universities are divided into four athletic conferences, drawing from the four regional associations of U Sports: Canada West Universities Athletic Association, Ontario University Athletics, Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec, and Atlantic University Sport. At the end of every season, the champions of each conference advance to semifinal bowl games; the winners of these meet in the Vanier Cup national championship.
Transmogrification (video games)
Transmogrification, frequently referred to as Transmog or sometimes as Visual Customisation, is a video game feature which allows a player to change the appearance of their equipped armour or weapons to match another item, while keeping the original item's stats.

When applied to weapons, Transmogrification is typically limited to weapons within the same class. A sword, for example, may take on the appearance of any other sword, but not the appearance of a bow.

Bow and arrow
The bow and arrow is a ranged weapon system consisting of an elastic launching device (bow) and long-shafted projectiles (arrows). Humans used bows and arrows for hunting and aggression long before recorded history, and the practice was common to many prehistoric cultures. They were important weapons of war from ancient history until the early modern period, when they were rendered increasingly obsolete by the development of the more powerful and accurate firearms. Today, bows and arrows are mostly used for hunting and sports.

Archery is the art, practice, or skill of using bows to shoot arrows. A person who shoots arrows with a bow is called a bowman or an archer. Someone who makes bows is known as a bowyer, someone who makes arrows is a fletcher, and someone who manufactures metal arrowheads is an arrowsmith.
Busumbala
Busumbala , also known as Old-Busumbala, is a small town in western Gambia. It is located in Kombo North/Saint Mary District in the Western Division.  As of 2009, it has an estimated population of 11,189.

West Coast Division (The Gambia)
West Coast Region, originally the Western Division, also known as Foni or Fonyi, was one of the five administrative divisions of the Gambia. Its capital was Brikama. It was subsequently reorganised as the Brikama Local Government Area (LGA), without any change in the area covered.

Per 2013 census, the region had a population of 699,704 with a population density of 397. The total number of households was 45,396 as of 2003. As of 2003, the total area of the region is 1764.3 km2. The infant mortality rate was 71 for every thousand births and the under-five mortality was 93 per every thousand births. The poverty gap ratio was 22.4 per cent and literacy rate was 69.7 per cent as of 2003.
I Want Your Sex (film)
I Want Your Sex is a 2026 American erotic comedy thriller film directed by Gregg Araki and written by Karley Sciortino and Araki. It stars Olivia Wilde, Cooper Hoffman, Mason Gooding, Chase Sui Wonders, Daveed Diggs, and Charli XCX.

Comedy thriller
Comedy thrillers are a hybrid genre that draw subject matter generally from comedy and thrillers, combining suspense with sustained humor. It incorporates the core elements of thriller storytelling—high stakes, danger, escalating tension, and the possibility of death—while maintaining a comic tone throughout, a situation can be both genuinely threatening and funny at the same time. The characters are in real jeopardy, yet the film signals that the outcome will remain within the bounds of entertainment rather than genuine horror.

Examples range from verbal wit and farce to dark or absurd humor. The comedy-thriller differs from straight comedies with occasional danger or thrillers with brief comic relief because neither element dominates; both remain active throughout the story.
Žaltys
A žaltys (Lithuanian pronunciation: [ʒɐlʲˈtʲǐːs], literally: grass snake) is a household spirit in Lithuanian mythology. As a sacred animal of the sun goddess Saulė, the grass snake was considered a guardian of the home and a symbol of fertility. People used to keep it as a pet by the stove or other special area of the house, believing that it would bring good harvest and wealth. Killing the žaltys was said to bring great misfortunes upon the household. If a žaltys was found in the field, people gave it milk attempting to befriend the creature and make it a sacred household pet.

Fertility
Fertility in colloquial terms refers the ability to have offspring. In demographic contexts, fertility refers to the actual production of offspring, rather than the physical capability to reproduce, which is termed fecundity. The fertility rate is the average number of children born during an individual's lifetime. In medicine, fertility refers to the ability to have children, and infertility refers to difficulty in reproducing naturally. In general, infertility or subfertility in humans is defined as not being able to conceive a child after one year (or longer) of unprotected sex. The antithesis of fertility is infertility, while the antithesis of fecundity is sterility.
Bad Guy (Eminem song)
"Bad Guy" is a song by American rapper Eminem, taken from his eighth album The Marshall Mathers LP 2 (2013). The song connects the second LP to the first Marshall Mathers LP, which was released in 2000. "Bad Guy" is also a sequel to Eminem's hit single "Stan", which appears on the aforementioned album.

The track consists of two parts; Part I was produced by S1 and M-Phazes, and Part II was produced by StreetRunner and Vinny Venditto. The song was written by the four, alongside Eminem, S. Hacker, M. Aiell and Sarah Jaffe, the latter of which is featured singing the song's refrain. The song samples "Hocus Pokus", as performed by Walter Murphy; "Soana", written by Gian Piero Reverberi and Laura Giordano; as well as "Ode to Billie Joe", as performed by Lou Donaldson.

"Bad Guy" was met with universal acclaim from music critics, with the most praise going towards the song's storytelling. It debuted at number 38 on the US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, upon the album's release.

Lou Donaldson
Louis Andrew Donaldson Jr. (November 1, 1926 – November 9, 2024) was an American jazz alto saxophonist. He was best known for his soulful, bluesy approach to playing the alto saxophone, although in his formative years he was heavily influenced by Charlie Parker, as were many during the bebop era.
Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Northern Passenger Depot-Dows
Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Northern Passenger Depot-Dows, also known as the Dows Rock Island Depot, is an historic building located in Dows, Iowa, United States.  The depot was built in 1896 and served the Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Northern Railway as a combination passenger and freight station.  The Romanesque Revival style was inspired by Henry Hobson Richardson's designs
for small railroad stations. It was the first railway depot in Wright County.  It passed to the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad and continued to serve as a working depot until 1980. The Dows Historical Society bought and restored the depot in 1988.  It now serves as a welcome center and railroad museum. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad
The original Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad (CRI&P RW, sometimes called Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway) (reporting marks CRI&P, RI, ROCK) was an American Class I railroad. It was also known as the Rock Island Line, or, in its final years, The Rock.

At the end of 1970, it operated 7,183 miles of road on 10,669 miles of track; that year it reported 20,557 million ton-miles of revenue freight and 118 million passenger miles. (Those totals may or may not include the former Burlington-Rock Island Railroad.)

"Rock Island Line", a folk song from the late 1920s, first recorded in 1934, was inspired by the railway.
Fácánkert
Fácánkert is a village in Tolna county, Hungary.

The village of Facankert is located in the Hungarian county of Tolna. It hosts the estate of Count Festetich, which he lived in from 1904 to 1907, until a wealthy merchant family, the Kunffy's, purchased it and began to grow crops there.

Tolna County
Tolna (Hungarian: Tolna vármegye, pronounced [ˈtolnɒ]; German: Komitat Tolnau) is an administrative county (comitatus or vármegye) in present-day Hungary as it was in the former Kingdom of Hungary. It lies in central Hungary, on the west bank of the river Danube. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties of Somogy, Fejér, Bács-Kiskun, and Baranya. The capital of Tolna county is Szekszárd. Its area is 3,703 km2.
David Ward (American football)
David Ward (March 10, 1907 – March 1982) was an American football end in the National Football League for the Boston Redskins. Born in Wynnewood, Oklahoma, Ward attended Haskell Indian Nations University and the University of New Mexico.

End (gridiron football)
In gridiron football, an end is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles.  Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on each end of the line is an eligible receiver who can catch forward passes.  There are two types on offense: the split end, or wide out, and the tight end. On defense, the position name survives in the name of the defensive end; in function, this position no longer corresponds to its offensive counterparts, which are defended more commonly by the edge rusher (which is sometimes a defensive end depending on formation) against the tight end and the cornerback against the split end.

It is also used in terminology such as an end run.
Gooloogongia
Gooloogongia (/ˌɡʊlʊˈɡɒŋɡiə/ GUU-luu-GONG-gee-ə) is a genus of prehistoric lobe-finned fish which belonged to the group of rhizodont fishes. Gooloogongia lived during the Late Devonian period (Famennian stage, about 360 million years ago). Fossils have been found in the Canowindra site, (Australia). It was named by Zerina Johanson and Per Ahlberg in 1998. In general size and shape Gooloogongia is similar to the modern saratoga which lives in the tropical rivers of northern Australia.

Gooloogongia loomesi ("Loomes' Gooloogong") named after Bruce Loomes, the foreman of the 1993 excavation of the Canowindra site, and the town of Gooloogong, NSW.

Stage (stratigraphy)
In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition.  A given stage of rock and the corresponding age of time will by convention have the same name, and the same boundaries.

Rock series are divided into stages, just as geological epochs are divided into ages. Stages are divided into smaller stratigraphic units called chronozones or substages, and added together into superstages.

The term faunal stage is sometimes used, referring to the fact that the same fauna (animals) are found throughout the layer (by definition).
Giant babax
The giant babax (Pterorhinus waddelli) is a species of bird in the laughingthrush family Leiothrichidae, found in northeast India and southern Tibet.  It prefers the low bushes at the edge of the southern Tibetan plateau, but it can adapt to both dry and cold mountain habitats. It is also commonly seen around villages and monasteries, where it feeds off scraps.

Laughingthrush
The laughingthrushes are a family, Leiothrichidae, of Old World passerine birds. The family contains 143 species and is divided into 17 genera. The species are diverse in size and coloration. These are birds of tropical areas, with the greatest variety in Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent.  The entire family used to be included in the Old World babbler family Timaliidae.
Kyiv Camerata
The Kyiv Camerata (in Ukrainian: Київська камерата, romanized: Kyivska Camerata) is a musical group in Kyiv, fully titled National Ensemble of soloists Kyivska Camerata. It is a leading Ukrainian performer of chamber music of different styles. The ensemble's repertoire is remarkably diverse, ranging from works of Vivaldi, Bach, Haydn, Mozart, Wagner, Grieg, Chaykovsky, Stravinsky, Sheinberg to the best samples of world avant-garde classics of the second half of the 20th century. Notably, the ensemble focuses on the popularization of modern Ukrainian music and the global representation of Ukrainian composers.

Edvard Grieg
Edvard Hagerup Grieg (/ɡriːɡ/ GREEG, Norwegian: [ˈɛdvaʁd ˈhɑ̀ːɡəʁʉp ˈɡʁɪgː]; 15 June 1843 – 4 September 1907) was a Norwegian composer and pianist. He is widely considered one of the leading Romantic era composers, and his music is part of the standard classical repertoire worldwide. His use of Norwegian folk music in his own compositions brought the music of Norway to fame, as well as helping to develop a national identity, much as Jean Sibelius did in Finland and Bedřich Smetana in Bohemia.

Grieg is the most celebrated person from the city of Bergen, with numerous statues that depict his image and many cultural entities named after him: the city's largest concert building (Grieg Hall), its most advanced music school (Grieg Academy) and its professional choir (Edvard Grieg Kor). The Edvard Grieg Museum at Grieg's former home, Troldhaugen, is dedicated to his legacy.