hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Surgery for temporomandibular joint dysfunction
Attempts in the last decade to develop surgical treatments based on MRI and CAT scans now receive less attention. These techniques are reserved for the most difficult cases where other therapeutic modalities have failed. The American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons recommends a conservative/non-surgical approach first. Only 20% of patients need to proceed to surgery.

Examples of surgical procedures that are used in TMD, some more commonly than others, include arthrocentesis, arthroscopy, meniscectomy, disc repositioning, condylotomy or joint replacement. Invasive surgical procedures in TMD may cause symptoms to worsen. Menisectomy, also termed discectomy refers to the surgical removal of the articular disc. This is rarely carried out in TMD, it may have some benefits for pain, but dysfunction may persist and overall there it leads to degeneration or remodeling of the TMJ.

American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons
The American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons (ASMS) is a professional organization focused on the science and practice of surgery of the facial region and craniofacial skeleton. The organization is involved in education, research, and advocacy on behalf of patients and maxillofacial surgeons.
Polysialic-acid O-acetyltransferase
In enzymology, a polysialic-acid O-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.136) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

acetyl-CoA + an alpha-2,8-linked polymer of sialic acid  CoA + polysialic acid acetylated on O-7 or O-9

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acetyl-CoA and alpha-2,8-linked polymer of sialic acid, whereas its 3 products are CoA, polysialic acid acetylated on O-7, and polysialic acid acetylated on O-9.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:polysialic-acid O-acetyltransferase. Other names in common use include lecithin:retinol acyltransferase, lecithin-retinol acyltransferase, retinyl ester synthase, LRAT, and lecithin retinol acyl transferase.

Coenzyme A
Coenzyme A (CoA, SHCoA, CoASH) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. Every genome sequenced to date encodes enzymes that use coenzyme A as a substrate, and around 4% of cellular enzymes use it (or a thioester) as a substrate. In humans, CoA biosynthesis requires cysteine, pantothenate (vitamin B5), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

In its acetyl form, coenzyme A is a highly versatile molecule, serving metabolic functions in both the anabolic and catabolic pathways. Acetyl-CoA is utilised in the post-translational regulation and allosteric regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase and carboxylase to maintain and support the partition of pyruvate synthesis and degradation.
Hi-Jinks
Hi-Jinks is a hidden camera show that aired on Nick at Nite from August 2, 2005 to October 31, 2006. In the show, hosted by Leila Sbitani, parents are given a chance to play practical jokes on their children, in a similar fashion to Candid Camera. Taking a cue from Punk'd, each episode features a prank that is conducted with the assistance of a known celebrity.

Nick at Nite
Nick at Nite (stylized as nick@nite since 2002) is an American nighttime programming block on Nickelodeon. The block's programming broadcasts during the evening, prime time and late night hours. The block initially consisted of syndicated sitcoms and films from the 1950s to the 1970s. Nick at Nite gradually shifted its programming to primarily airing sitcoms as recent as the mid-1990s to the 2010s. The block was launched on July 1, 1985, and it replaced A&E on Nickelodeon's channel space after it spun off into its own 24-hour channel. The block launched present-day TV Land in 1996. The Nickelodeon Group, a division of Paramount Skydance's networks unit, generally regards Nick at Nite as a separate channel that shares space with Nickelodeon on the channel due to the block targeting adult audiences. Nielsen has reported Nick at Nite ratings separately from Nickelodeon since 2004.
Lakeland Army Air Field
Lakeland Army Airfield, was a World War II United States Army Air Force located 5.3 miles southwest of Lakeland, Florida.   From 1960 to 2017 it was Lakeland Linder Regional Airport. In 2017 it was renamed Lakeland Linder International Airport.

126th Operations Group
The 126th Operations Group is an air refuelling group of the United States Air Force and the Illinois Air National Guard. While its primary task is to refuel aircraft in flight, it can transport, airlift, supplies and personnel. The unit is also tasked with supporting the nuclear strike missions of the Single Integrated Operational Plan.

During peacetime, the group receives direction through the adjutant general of Illinois, the governor of Illinois and the National Guard Bureau. Upon federal mobilization, the wing is assigned to Air Mobility Command and the 15th Expeditionary Mobility Task Force.
El amor no tiene receta
El amor no tiene receta (English: Love Has No Recipe) is a Mexican telenovela produced by Juan Osorio for TelevisaUnivision. The series stars Claudia Martín and Daniel Elbittar. It aired on Las Estrellas from 19 February 2024 to 28 June 2024.

Nicola Porcella
Nicola Emilio Porcella Solimano (born 5 February 1988) is a Peruvian reality star, host, actor and retired footballer. After many years of an established career in Peru, he became known in Latin American countries as "El Novio de Mexico" due to his participation in the hit reality show La casa de los famosos México of the TelevisaUnivision conglomerate, in which he won 2nd place as well as the hearts of the audience for his loyalty, and charismatic personality.
The Hair of the Beast
The Hair of the Beast (French: Le Poil de la bête) is a Canadian comedy horror film, directed by Philippe Gagnon and released in 2010.

Set in colonial New France in the 1660s, the film stars Guillaume Lemay-Thivierge as Joseph Côté, a man who has escaped from prison after being sentenced to death for a crime; hiding out in Beauport after taking on the identity of a Jesuit priest, he falls in love with Marie Labotte (Viviane Audet), a fille du roy whom nobody else wants to marry, while simultaneously discovering that he is the only one who can battle the werewolves who terrorize the community at night.

The cast also includes Gilles Renaud, Patrice Robitaille, Antoine Bertrand, Marc Beaupré, Marie-Chantal Perron, Sébastien Huberdeau, Mirianne Brûlé, Pierre-Luc Lafontaine, Martin Dubreuil, Marie-Thérèse Fortin, Patrick Drolet, Benoît McGinnis, Michel Barrette, Isabeau Blanche, Étienne Pilon and Virginie Morin.

Antoine Bertrand
Antoine Bertrand (born November 24, 1977) is a Canadian film and television actor. He is best known for his roles in the television series Les Bougon and the films Louis Cyr, a role that earned him the Prix Iris for Best Actor, and Starbuck, for which he garnered a Genie Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor at the 2012 Genie Awards.
Canton of Audun-le-Roman
49°21′50″N 5°51′10″E﻿ / ﻿49.3639069°N 5.8526865°E﻿ / 49.3639069; 5.8526865

The canton of Audun-le-Roman (French: Canton d'Audun-le-Roman) is a former French canton located in the department of Meurthe-et-Moselle in the Lorraine region (now part of Grand Est). This canton was organized around Audun-le-Roman in the arrondissement of Briey. It is now part of the canton of Pays de Briey.

The last general councillor from this canton was Michel Mariuzzo (PCF), elected in 2011.

Departmental Council of Meurthe-et-Moselle
The Departmental Council of Meurthe-et-Moselle (French: Conseil départemental de Meurthe-et-Moselle) is the deliberative assembly of the French department of Meurthe-et-Moselle. It sits in the former Sédillot military hospital in Nancy.
Khoo Chung Chiat
Khoo Chung Chiat (born 28 September 1986) is a Malaysian badminton player. He was part of the Malaysian junior team that won the bronze medal at the 2004 Asian Junior Championships in the boys' team event. In the senior event, he was the men's doubles champion at the 2007 Singapore Cheers Asian Satellite in the men's doubles event partnered with Chang Hun Pin. Teamed-up with Mohd Razif Abdul Latif, they finished as the runner-up at the 2006 Sri Lanka Satellite and 2007 Malaysia International tournament. Khoo played at the 2007 Southeast Asian Games, winning the bronze medal in the men's team event.

Singapore International
The Singapore International or Singapore Satellite, Cheers Asian Satellite is an open international badminton tournament in Singapore. In the last few years, this tournament has been an International Series level. There is another tournament with higher level and prize money, which is the Singapore Open.
Serotonergic cell groups
Serotonergic cell groups refer to collections of neurons in the central nervous system that have been demonstrated by histochemical fluorescence to contain the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine). Since they are for the most part localized to classical brainstem nuclei, particularly the raphe nuclei, they are more often referred to by the names of those nuclei than by the B1-9 nomenclature. These cells appear to be common across most mammals and have two main regions in which they develop; one forms in the mesencephlon and the rostral pons and the other in the medulla oblongata and the caudal pons.

Nine serotonergic cell groups have been identified.

Fourth ventricle
The fourth ventricle is one of the four connected fluid-filled cavities within the human brain. These cavities, known collectively as the ventricular system, consist of the left and right lateral ventricles, the third ventricle, and the fourth ventricle. The fourth ventricle extends from the cerebral aqueduct (aqueduct of Sylvius) to the obex, and is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

The fourth ventricle has a characteristic diamond shape in cross-sections of the human brain. It is located within the pons or in the upper part of the medulla oblongata. CSF entering the fourth ventricle through the cerebral aqueduct can exit to the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord through two lateral apertures and a single, midline median aperture.
Salix fargesii
Salix fargesii (川鄂柳), the Farges willow, is a species of flowering plant in the willow family (Salicaceae), which is native to Gansu, Hubei, Shaanxi, and Sichuan in China. It inhabits mountainous areas at 1,400–1,600 m (4,600–5,200 ft).

Growing to 3 m (9.8 ft) in height, it is a spreading deciduous shrub with prominent new green growth which turns a shiny brown in its second season. Bright red buds appear in winter, followed by erect catkins. The leaves are glossy green on the upper (abaxial) surface, and dull grey on the lower (adaxial) surface. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

The specific epithet fargesii commemorates Paul Guillaume Farges (1844–1912), a French missionary and botanist who sent many plant specimens back to Europe, where they were unknown at that time.

Catkin
A catkin or ament is a slim, cylindrical flower cluster (a spike), with inconspicuous or no petals, usually wind-pollinated (anemophilous) but sometimes insect-pollinated (as in Salix). It contains many, usually unisexual flowers, arranged closely along a central stem that is often drooping. Catkins are found in many plant families, including Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Moraceae, and Salicaceae.
Chuspa
Chuspa is a village in the Venezuelan state of Vargas. The village is mainly a fishermen's location with some tourist attractions. It is connected through a coast road with La Guaira and Higuerote. The town is located at the side of the Chuspa river.

Higuerote
Higuerote (Spanish pronunciation: [iɣeˈɾote]) is the capital city of Brión Municipality, located in the coastal region of Barlovento, in the state of Miranda, Venezuela, approximately an hour and a half from Caracas.

Its average annual temperature is about 27 degrees Celsius.
Anthony Batts
Anthony W. Batts (born 1960) is an American law enforcement officer who served as the chief of three different police departments in the United States: the Long Beach Police Department, the Oakland Police Department, and the Baltimore Police Department.

Oakland Police Department
The Oakland Police Department (OPD) is a law enforcement agency responsible for policing the city of Oakland, California, United States. As of May 2021, the department employed 709 sworn officers and 371 civilian employees. The department is divided into 5 geographical divisions policing Oakland's 78 square miles and population of 420,000. The OPD receives 550,000 annual calls for service, and responds to over 250,000 law enforcement incidents.
2015 Aegon Championships – Doubles
Alexander Peya and Bruno Soares were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals to Pierre-Hugues Herbert and Nicolas Mahut.
Herbert and Mahut went on to win the title, defeating Marcin Matkowski and Nenad Zimonjić in the final, 6–2, 6–2.

Chris Guccione (tennis)
Christopher Luke Guccione (/ˌɡuːtʃiˈoʊni/ GOO-chee-OH-nee; born 30 July 1985) is an inactive Australian professional tennis player from Greenvale, Victoria. He has won five ATP Tour doubles titles, and reached career-high rankings of singles world No. 67 in April 2008 and doubles world No. 38 in November 2014.
Microtraining
The Microtraining method is an approach aimed at supporting informal learning processes in organizations and companies. Learning in this sense means that an active process of knowledge creation is taking place within social interactions, but outside of formal learning environments or training facilities. This process can be facilitated by well-designed and structured systems and by supporting ways of communication and collaboration, like the Microtraining method does. A Microtraining arrangement comprises a time span of 15–20 minutes for each learning session, which can activate and maintain learning processes for a longer period if bundled into series. A Microtraining session can be held face-to-face, online or embedded in an e-learning scenario.

Social relation
A social relation is the fundamental unit of analysis within the social sciences, and describes any voluntary or involuntary interpersonal relationship between two or more conspecifics within and/or between groups. The group can be a language or kinship group, a social institution or organization, an economic class, a nation, or gender. Social relations are derived from human behavioral ecology, and, as an aggregate, form a coherent social structure whose constituent parts are best understood relative to each other and to the social ecosystem as a whole.
2018 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Men's super-G
The men's super-G in the 2018 FIS Alpine Skiing World Cup involved six events including the final in Åre, Sweden. Norwegian skier Kjetil Jansrud, the defending champion in the discipline, won two of the first five races and finished second in two more, clinching the crystal globe for the season before the final.

The season was interrupted by the 2018 Winter Olympics from 12-24 February 2018 at Yongpyong Alpine Centre (slalom and giant slalom) at the Alpensia Sports Park in PyeongChang and at the Jeongseon Alpine Centre (speed events) in Jeongseon, South Korea.  The men's super-G was held on 16 February, one day later than originally scheduled due to other postponements.

Åre
Åre (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈôːrɛ]; Southern Sami: Ååre) is a locality and one of the leading Scandinavian ski resorts situated in Åre Municipality, Jämtland County, Sweden with 3,200 inhabitants in 2018. It is, however, not the seat of the municipality, which is Järpen. 25% of the local economy is based on tourism, most notably the downhill skiing and biking resorts in Åre, Duved and Storlien. The growth in tourism has resulted in the development of hotels, recreational and shopping opportunities in the area.
He's My Guy (film)
He's My Guy is a 1943 American comedy film directed by Edward F. Cline and written by M. Coates Webster and Grant Garett. The film stars Dick Foran, Irene Hervey, Joan Davis, Fuzzy Knight, Don Douglas and Samuel S. Hinds. The film was released on March 26, 1943, by Universal Pictures.

The ballad and jazz standard written by Don Raye and Gene de Paul with the same title as this film was introduced by Foran and Davis.

Edward F. Cline
Edward Francis Cline (November 4, 1891 – May 22, 1961) was an American screenwriter, actor, writer and director best known for his work with comedians W.C. Fields and Buster Keaton. He was born in Kenosha, Wisconsin and died in Hollywood, California.
Bilal Omer Khan
Major General Bilal Omer Khan (3 February 1954 – 4 December 2009), known affectionately as Billy, was a two-star rank general in the Pakistan Army who died in the December 2009 Rawalpindi attack along with 39 others. He was posthumously awarded the Sitara-e-Basalat on Pakistan Day 2010.

Throughout his career, he held the positions of Director General Armoured Corps, Director General Plans and Operations at Joint Staff Headquarters, Commander 11th Infantry Division, Commander 10th Infantry Division, and Commander 111th Infantry Brigade.

111th Infantry Brigade (Pakistan)
The 111th Independent Infantry Brigade Group, commonly known as the 111th Brigade or Triple-1 Brigade, is an infantry brigade of the Pakistan Army notable for its frequent involvement and fast response in military coup d'etats since Pakistani independence. From 11 January 2012 Brigadier Sarfraz Ali commanded the Brigade. He succeeded Brigadier Faheem Rao who had earlier replaced Brigadier Asim Salim Bajwa.
Popular Front for National Rebirth
Popular Front for National Rebirth (French: Front populaire pour la renaissance nationale, abbr. FPRN) is a rebel group operating in Tissi area, where borders of CAR, Chad and Sudan meet.

It was founded in 2001 by Adoum Yacoub ‘Kougou’, a veteran of Chadian armed opposition groups. The group begun fighting in Darfur area along Sudanese Liberation Movement during the Darfur war. For most of its existence it operated in southeastern Chad. It is mostly composed of Ouaddaïan but it also has Masalit and Tama combatants. Its fighters are considered to have significant military experience.

Tama people
The Tama are an ethnic group of people who live in eastern Chad and western Sudan. They speak Tama, a Nilo-Saharan language. The population is 200,000–300,000 people and they practice Islam. Many Tama are subsistence farmers who live in permanent settlements and some raise livestock. In the civil war in Chad the Tama were involved in ethnic conflicts with the Zaghawa tribe.
Govind Armstrong
Govind Armstrong is an American chef who specializes in California cuisine. He has appeared on the Bravo series Top Chef as a guest judge as well as the Food Network series Iron Chef America as a contestant. He is also the author of the cookbook Small Bites, Big Nights: Seductive Little Plates for Intimate Occasions and Lavish Parties.

California cuisine
California cuisine is a food movement that originated in Northern California, in the United States. The cuisine focuses on dishes that use local and sustainable ingredients, with attention to seasonality.

The food is historically chef-driven; Alice Waters's restaurant Chez Panisse is an iconic example. Dishes and meals low in saturated fats and high in fresh vegetables and fruits with lean meats and seafood from the California coast often define the style.

The term "California cuisine" arose as a result of culinary movements in the last decades of the 20th century and is not to be confused with the traditional foods of California. California fusion cuisine has been influenced by French, American, Italian, Mexican, and Chinese culinary styles, among other food cultures.
Jo Lual-Acuil
Joseph Lual-Acuil Jr. (born 26 April 1994) is a South Sudanese-Australian professional basketball player for the Perth Wildcats of the National Basketball League (NBL). He played college basketball for Neosho County Community College and Baylor University. In 2021, he won an NBL championship with Melbourne United. In 2024, he won MVP of the Basketball Africa League (BAL) with Al Ahly Ly.

National Basketball League (Australia)
The National Basketball League (NBL) is a men's professional basketball league in Australasia, currently composed of ten teams: nine in Australia and one in New Zealand. It is the premier professional men's basketball league in Australia and New Zealand. The league was played in the Australian winter until 1998 when it switched to summer seasons beginning with the 1998–99 season. The NBL's regular season runs from September to February, with each team playing 33 games. The league's finals extends into March to April, culminating with the Championship grand final series.
Caroline de Crespigny
Caroline Champion de Crespigny (née Bathurst; 14 September 1797 – 26 December 1861) was an English poet and translator. In the tradition of Romanticism, she published My Souvenir, or, Poems in 1844. Her translations, mainly from German into English, were often made in collaboration with Thomas Medwin, the cousin and biographer of Percy Bysshe Shelley.

Justinus Kerner
Justinus Andreas Christian Kerner  (18 September 1786, in Ludwigsburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany – 21 February 1862, in Weinsberg, Baden-Württemberg) was a German poet, practicing physician, and medical writer. He gave the first detailed description of botulism.
Muhić
Muhić is a Croatian and Bosniak surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Enes Muhić (born 1961), Bosnian footballer

Ferid Muhić (born 1944), Bosniak philosopher

Pavao Muhić (1811–1897),  Croatian lawyer and politician

Pavao Muhić
Pavao Muhić (1 January 1811 - 17 October 1897) was a lawyer and politician.

He was born in Požega. He taught as a professor of political science and cameralism at the School of the Royal Academy of Science (1835-1850) and at the Law Academy (1850-1871), where he also served as a director. He was a member of the Croatian Parliament in 1861–1866, and the Head of the Department for Education and Religious Affairs of the Provincial Government of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia in 1872–1881. He was a regular member of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts since 1866, and its president in 1888.

He died in Zagreb.
2009 Sri Lanka Football Premier League
The 2009 Sri Lanka Football Premier League championship, organized by the Football Federation of Sri Lanka, and was sponsored by Dialog Telekom. Renown SC won the championship by beating SL Air force SC. Mohamed Fazal of Renown SC is the top scorer.

Football Federation of Sri Lanka
The Football Federation of Sri Lanka (FFSL), also known as Football Sri Lanka (FSL), is the governing body of football in Sri Lanka. It operates the Sri Lanka national football team and Sri Lanka Football Premier League.
School of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics
The School of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics is a four-year public high school in Paterson in Passaic County, New Jersey, United States, operated as part of the Paterson Public Schools. It is one of a number of academy programs serving students in ninth through twelfth grades based at the John F. Kennedy High School campus.

As of the 2020–21 school year, the school had an enrollment of 625 students and 40.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 15.6:1. There were 341 students (54.6% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and none eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Ninth grade
Ninth grade (also 9th or Grade 9) is the ninth year of formal or compulsory education in some countries. It is generally part of high school or secondary school depending on the country. Students in ninth grade are usually 14–15 years old.