hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Solar Cruiser
Solar Cruiser was a planned NASA spacecraft that would have studied the Sun while propelled by a solar sail. The mission would have supported NASA's Solar Terrestrial Probes program by studying how interplanetary space changes in response to the constant outpouring of energy and particles from the Sun and how it interacts with planetary atmospheres. It was expected to launch as a rideshare payload alongside IMAP in February 2025. However, the spacecraft was not selected for further development and project closeout efforts concluded in 2023.

The principal investigator was Les Johnson at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama.

Principal investigator
In many countries, the term principal investigator (PI) refers to the holder of an independent grant and the lead researcher for the grant project, usually in the sciences, such as a laboratory study or a clinical trial. The phrase is also often used as a synonym for "head of the laboratory" or "research group leader". While the expression is common in the sciences, it is used widely for the person or persons who make final decisions and supervise funding and expenditures on a given research project.

A co-investigator (Co-I) assists the principal investigator in the management and leadership of the research project. There may be a number of co-investigators supporting a PI.
Babang Township, Sichuan
Babang (Tibetan: Palpung; Chinese: 八邦乡; pinyin: Bābāng Xiāng) is a rural Tibetan township in Dêgê County, Garzê Prefecture, Sichuan, China.  The township is primarily concentrated around the Pal Chu (Chinese: 白曲; pinyin: Bái Qū) river in the western reaches of the Chola Mountains on the east side of the Jinsha River.  The township contains significant remaining tracts of the Hengduan conifer forests.

Babang is known for the 18th-century Palpung Monastery located on a ridge approximately 160 m (520 ft) above the centre of the township.

Chola Mountains
The Chola Mountains, also romanized as the Trola Mountains, are a northern subrange of the Shaluli Mountains in  western Sichuan Province, China.  The mountains were once at the centre of the Kingdom of Derge and many remnant Tibetan Buddhist monasteries can be found in the mountain range's valleys.
Hai Li
Hai (Helen) Li is a Chinese-American electrical and computer engineer known for her research on neuromorphic engineering, the development of computation systems based on physical artificial neurons, and on deep learning, techniques for using deep neural networks in machine learning. She is Clare Boothe Luce Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering and chair of the Electrical and Computer Engineering department at Duke University.

Neuromorphic computing
Neuromorphic computing is a computing approach inspired by the human brain's structure and function. It uses artificial neurons to perform computations, mimicking neural systems for tasks such as perception, motor control, and multisensory integration. These systems, implemented in analog, digital, or mixed-mode VLSI, prioritize robustness, adaptability, and learning by emulating the brain’s distributed processing across small computing elements. This interdisciplinary field integrates biology, physics, mathematics, computer science, and electronic engineering to develop systems that emulate the brain’s morphology and computational strategies. Neuromorphic systems aim to enhance energy efficiency and computational power for applications including artificial intelligence, pattern recognition, and sensory processing.
Mosagallaku Mosagadu (2015 film)
Mosagalakku Mosagadu (transl. Cheater to the cheaters) is a 2015 Indian Telugu-language black comedy crime film directed by Nellore Bose and produced by Chakri Chigurapati under the Lakshmi Narasimha Entertainments banner. It stars Sudheer Babu, Nandini Rai and Abhimanyu Singh. Manchu Manoj enacted a guest role in the film. It was released on 22 May 2015. This film is a spiritual sequel for the film Swamy Ra Ra starring Nikhil Siddharth.

Spiritual successor
A spiritual successor (sometimes called a spiritual sequel) is a product or fictional work that is similar to, or directly inspired by, another previous product or work, but (unlike a traditional prequel or sequel) does not explicitly continue the product line or media franchise of its predecessor, and is thus only a successor "in spirit". Spiritual successors often have similar themes and styles to their preceding material, but are generally a distinct intellectual property.

In fiction, the term generally refers to a work by a creator that shares similarities to one of their earlier works, but is set in a different continuity, and features distinct characters and settings. Such works may arise when licensing issues prevent a creator from releasing a direct sequel using the same copyrighted characters and names as the original.
Spille
Spille is a coastal village situated in the central plains of Albania's Western Lowlands region. It is part of Tirana County. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Rrogozhinë.

Rrogozhinë
Rrogozhinë (Albanian definite form: Rrogozhina) is a town and a municipality in Tirana County, centrally located in the Western Lowlands region of Albania. It was formed at the 2015 local government reform by the merger of the former municipalities Gosë, Kryevidh, Lekaj, Rrogozhinë and Sinaballaj, that became municipal units. The seat of the municipality is the town Rrogozhinë.

Positioned between Durrës, Lushnja and Elbasan, it is considered an important node of the VIII corridor and the railway intersection of Rrogozhinë – Durrës, Rrogozhinë – Vlorë and Rrogozhinë – Pogradec. On the coastline of Rrogozhina there are some of the most beautiful beaches along the shores of the Adriatic. Bashtova Castle, located in this territory, is considered one of the most important cultural heritage monuments of the area and a tourist attraction for foreign and domestic tourists. The laurel forest that flourishes around the Castle is considered a natural monument.
Operation Lalgarh
Operation Lalgarh was an armed operation in India against the Maoists who have been active in organising an armed tribal movement alongside a group called the People's Committee Against Police Atrocities (PCAPA). The operation is organised by the police and security forces in Lalgarh, Jhargram, West Bengal to restore law and order in the area and flush out the Maoists. The area of operation is said to be expanded to 18 police stations in the three Maoist-affected districts of Paschim Medinipur (including newly split Jhargram), Bankura and Purulia.

Purulia district
Purulia district (Bengali pronunciation: [puruliːaː]) is one of the twenty-three districts of West Bengal state in Eastern India. Purulia is the administrative headquarters of the district. Some of the other important towns of Purulia district are Raghunathpur-Adra, Manbazar, Jhalda, Anara and Balarampur.
Melbourne tram route 58
Melbourne tram route 58 is a tram route on the Melbourne tramway network serving the city of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia. Operated by Yarra Trams, the route is coloured light grey and extends from West Coburg to Toorak over 18.0 kilometre of double track via Brunswick West, Parkville, North Melbourne, West Melbourne, William Street, Southbank and South Yarra. It is serviced out of Essendon and Southbank depots utilising Z, B and E class trams.

Z-class Melbourne tram
The Z-class are single-unit bogie trams that operate on the Melbourne tram network. Between 1975 and 1983, 230 trams spanning three sub-classes were built by Comeng, in Dandenong. The design was based on two similar Gothenburg tram models, and a prototype built by the Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board. While the Z1 and Z2-class trams were very similar, the Z3-class had significant design changes.

Since introduction they have had a variety of liveries, and modifications. The Z1 and Z2-class trams have been retired, with 86 Z3-class trams remaining in service.
2020 Al Habtoor Tennis Challenge
The 2020 Al Habtoor Tennis Challenge was a women's professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the twenty-third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2020 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Dubai, United Arab Emirates between 7 and 13 December 2020.

Ekaterine Gorgodze
Ekaterine Gorgodze (Georgian: ეკატერინე გორგოძე, romanized: ek'at'erine gorgodze, pronounced [ekʼatʼeɾine ɡoɾɡodze]; born 3 December 1991) is a Georgian professional tennis player.
On 23 May 2022, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 108. On 15 August 2022, she peaked at No. 43 in the doubles rankings.

Gorgodze has won two doubles titles on the WTA Tour, plus six doubles titles on the WTA Challenger Tour, along with 19 singles and 38 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Since her debut for Georgia Fed Cup team in 2007, Gorgodze has accumulated a win–loss record of 18–19 in singles and 8–7 in doubles (overall 26–26), as of August 2024.
John Tapley
John Theodore Tapley (September 22, 1911 – December 26, 1956) was an American Negro league third baseman in the 1930s.

A native of Winona, Mississippi, Tapley attended Pontiac High School in Pontiac, Michigan. He was the brother of fellow Negro leaguer Townsend Tapley, and played for the Akron Black Tyrites in 1933. Tapley died in Pontiac in 1956 at age 45.

Pontiac High School (Michigan)
Pontiac High School (PHS) is a public high school in Pontiac, Michigan, United States. It was formed and reestablished in 2009 from the consolidation of Pontiac Central High School and Pontiac Northern High School. Pontiac High School occupies the former Pontiac Northern High School building.
Bob Beck
Robert E. Beck Jr. (September 2, 1944 – May 24, 2008) was a zoologist and conservationist, who worked to save Guam's indigenous native birds from 1982 to 2003. Beck championed the fight to save Guam's native birds, such as the Mariana crow, rufous fantail, Guam flycatcher, Guam kingfisher and the Guam rail, known locally as  ko'ko' in Chamorro, which are under the extreme threat of extinction due to the non-native brown tree snake and habitat loss. The rufous fantail and the  Guam flycatcher listed above are now extinct in the wild in their native Guam. However, the captive and wild populations of the Mariana crow, Guam rail and the Micronesian kingfisher have increased, due in large part to conservation efforts by Beck.

Chamorro language
Chamorro is an Austronesian language spoken by about 58,000 people, numbering about 25,800 on Guam and about 32,200 in the Northern Mariana Islands and elsewhere.

It is the historic native language of the Chamorro people, who are indigenous to the Mariana Islands, although it is less commonly spoken today than in the past. Chamorro has three distinct dialects: Guamanian, Rotanese, and that in the other Northern Mariana Islands (NMI).
Gohory
Gohory (French pronunciation: [ɡɔ.ɔʁi]) is a commune in the Eure-et-Loir department and Centre-Val de Loire region of north-central France. It lies 36 km south-west of Chartres and some 115 km from Paris.

Eure-et-Loir
Eure-et-Loir (French pronunciation: [œʁ‿e lwaʁ], locally: [øʁ‿e lwaʁ]) is a French department, named after the Eure and Loir rivers. It is located in the region of Centre-Val de Loire. In 2019, Eure-et-Loir had a population of 431,575.
Timeline of the Tigray war (July 2021–November 2022)
This Timeline of the Tigray War (July 2021 to present) is part of a chronology of the military engagements of the Tigray War, a civil war that began in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia in early November 2020.

Engagement (military)
A military engagement is combat between two forces, neither larger than a division nor smaller than a company, in which each has an assigned or perceived mission. An engagement begins when the attacking force initiates combat in pursuit of its mission, and ends when the attacker has accomplished the mission, or ceases to try to accomplish the mission, or when one or both sides receive sufficient reinforcements, thus initiating a new engagement.

As a tactical mission, the engagement is often a part of a battle. An engagement normally lasts one to two days; it may be as brief as a few hours and is rarely longer than five days. It is at this scale of combat that tactical engagement ranges of weapons and support systems become important to the troops and their commanders.
Gladys Lounsbury Hobby
Gladys Lounsbury Hobby (November 19, 1910 – July 4, 1993), born in New York City, was an American microbiologist whose research played a key role in the development and understanding of antibiotics. Her work took penicillin from a laboratory experiment to a mass-produced drug during World War II.

Martin Henry Dawson
Martin Henry Dawson (6 August 1896 – 27 April 1945) was a Canadian researcher who made important contributions in the fields of infectious diseases.

Dawson was born in Truro, Nova Scotia, a grandson of John Barnhill Dickie and educated at Dalhousie University and McGill University. His research included studies on the transformation of pneumococci and on the biological variants of the streptococcus and other microorganisms. Dawson's studies on the nature and treatment of arthritis made him a recognized authority in this disorder.  He was a pioneer in penicillin therapy, and was the first in the world to prepare it and use it in human disease. This included the successful treatment of bacterial endocarditis with penicillin, and the use of gold salts in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Dawson became the first person in history to administer an antibiotic (penicillin) to a patient, on October 16, 1940.
Tranemo Municipality
Tranemo Municipality (Swedish: Tranemo kommun) is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in western Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Tranemo.

There are twelve original municipal units (as of 1863) in the area. The municipal reform of 1952 created four larger entities. The next reform was implemented in two steps with amalgamations taking place in 1967 and 1974, leading to the present municipality.

The name comes from the bird Trana, which means crane.

The coat of arms, granted in 1975, show a crane with a glass blowing belge. Glass blowing is an old industry in the municipality, with the first glass blower established in 1741.

Västra Götaland County
Västra Götaland County  (Swedish: Västra Götalands län) is a county or län on the western coast of Sweden.

The county is the second most populous of Sweden's counties and it comprises 49 municipalities (kommuner). Its population of 1,616,000 amounts to 17% of Sweden's population. The formal capital and seat of the governor of Västra Götaland County is Gothenburg. The political capital and seat of the Västra Götaland Regional Council is Vänersborg.

The county was established on 1 January 1998, when Älvsborg County, Gothenburg and Bohus County and Skaraborg County were merged.
Starlink Project
The Starlink Project, referred to by users as Starlink and by developers as simply The Project, was a UK astronomical computing project which supplied general-purpose data reduction software. Until the late 1990s, it also supplied computing hardware and system administration personnel to UK astronomical institutes. In the former respect, it was analogous to the US IRAF project.

The project was formally started in 1980, though the funding had been agreed, and some work begun, a year earlier. It was closed down when its funding was withdrawn by the Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council in 2005. In 2006, the Joint Astronomy Centre released its own updated version of Starlink and took over maintenance; the task was passed again in mid-2015 to the East Asian Observatory. The latest version was released on 2025 November 26.

Part of the software is relicensed under the GNU GPL while some of it remain under the original custom licence.

Software relicensing
Software relicensing is applied in open-source software development when software licenses of software modules are incompatible and are required to be compatible for a greater combined work. Licenses applied to software as copyrightable works, in source code as binary form, can contain contradictory clauses. These requirements can make it impossible to combine source code or content of several software works to create a new combined one.
Colony Square Mall
Colony Square Mall is an enclosed shopping mall in Zanesville, Ohio. Opened in 1981, the anchor stores are Cinemark Theatres, Dunham's Sports, Planet Fitness, TJ Maxx, Five Below, Jo-Ann Fabrics, and JCPenney. There is 1 vacant anchor store that was once Elder-Beerman. It is owned by Time Equities, Inc.

Cinemark Theatres
Cinemark Holdings, Inc. (stylized as CineMark from 1998 until 2022 and in all caps since 2022) is an American movie theater chain that started operations in 1977 and since then has operated theaters with hundreds of locations throughout the Americas. It is headquartered in Plano, Texas, in the Dallas–Fort Worth area. Cinemark operates 497 theaters and 5,653 screens in the U.S. and Latin America as of March 2025. It is also the largest movie theater chain in Brazil, with a 30 percent market share.

Cinemark operates theaters under several brands, including its flagship Cinemark, Century Theatres, Tinseltown USA, CinéArts and Rave Cinemas.

In May 2021, Cinemark struck agreements to show films from some of its major Hollywood studio partners, including Warner Bros., Walt Disney Studios, Paramount, and Sony Pictures. The goal of the move is to establish how long movies will play in theaters before being available for home video.
VTV International Women's Volleyball Cup
The VTV International Women's Volleyball Cup is an international volleyball tournament for women organised by the Volleyball Federation of Vietnam (VFV), and sponsored by Vietnam Television (VTV). The cup was established in 2004 and held every year. From 2020 to 2022, the tournament was cancelled due to worldwide COVID-19 pandemic and the reschedule of 2021 Southeast Asian Games.

Vietnam Television
Vietnam Television, officially branded as VTV, is the national television broadcaster of Vietnam. As the state broadcaster under the Government of Vietnam, VTV is tasked with "propagating the views of the Party, policies, laws of the government, improve people's knowledge and serve the spiritual life of the people".

VTV exists alongside the Voice of Vietnam and the Vietnam News Agency as the official information agencies under direct administration of the Government of Vietnam.
Tegg's Nose
Tegg's Nose is a hill east of Macclesfield in Cheshire, England. It has a short ridge with a high point of 380 metres (1,250 ft) at SJ947725, terminating in a promontory at the southern end. It lies on the western edge of the Peak District, although outside the boundary of the national park. Much of the hill's area falls within the Tegg's Nose Country Park, managed by Cheshire East Council Countryside Management Service; Tegg's Nose is also part of the Environmentally Sensitive Area Scheme.

Historically quarried for millstone grit, Tegg's Nose now includes a range of environments including moorland, meadow, farmland, broadleaved woodland and is rich in wildlife. Recreational uses of the area include walking, orienteering, horse riding, fell running, cycling, mountain biking, rock climbing, sledging and fishing.

Promontory
A promontory is a raised mass of land that projects into a lowland or a body of water (in which case it is a peninsula). Most promontories either are formed from a hard ridge of rock that has resisted the erosive forces that have removed the softer rock to the sides of it, or are the high ground that remains between two river valleys where they form a confluence. One type of promontory is a headland, or head.
Touchstone Television
The second incarnation of Touchstone Television, formerly known as Fox 21 Television Studios, was an American television production company and a subsidiary of the Disney Television Studios, a subsidiary of the Disney Media Networks business segment of the Walt Disney Company. It was founded on December 4, 2014 from the merger of Fox Television Studios and Fox 21 and given its second name in mid-2020 following the acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney.

On December 1, 2020, Disney announced that the label was folded into 20th Television.

Talkshow with Spike Feresten
Talkshow with Spike Feresten is an American late-night talk show television program on Fox starring Spike Feresten that aired late Saturday nights from September 16, 2006, to May 16, 2009. It was the longest-running late night talk show in Fox's history, with three seasons.
The Political Machine 2012
The Political Machine 2012 is a government simulation game from Stardock and the third game in The Political Machine series, in which the player leads a campaign to elect the President of the United States. The player accomplishes this goal by traveling from state to state and engaging in a variety of activities to either raise money or raise poll numbers.

Stardock
Stardock Corporation is an American software development company founded in 1991 and incorporated in 1993 as Stardock Systems. Stardock initially developed for the OS/2 platform, but transitioned to Microsoft Windows with the collapse of the OS/2 ecosystem between 1997 and 1998. The company is best known for software that allow a user to modify or extend a graphical user interface as well as PC games, particularly strategy games such as the Galactic Civilizations series.

Stardock created and maintains WinCustomize, a graphical user interface customization community, and developed the Impulse digital distribution system before its sale to GameStop and its 2014 discontinuation. It offers skins and themes for software that is part of their Object Desktop desktop suite. The company is headquartered in Plymouth, Michigan.
Sangha Adarsha Balika Vidyalaya
Sangha Adarsha Balika Vidyalaya is an English-medium school located in Howrah, India. This is a girls' school and is affiliated to the West Bengal Board of Secondary Education for Madhyamik Pariksha (10th Board exams), and to the West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education for Higher Secondary Examination (12th Board exams).

West Bengal Board of Secondary Education
The West Bengal Board of Secondary Education (WBBSE) is the West Bengal state government administered autonomous examining authority for the Standard 10 examination (or secondary school level examination) of West Bengal, India. It came into force by the West Bengal Board of Secondary Education Act-1963. They conduct board exams every year. This exam is organized every February. The next exam will be held in 2026
Pattacheruvanda C. Thimayya
Lieutenant General Pattacheruvanda Chengappa Thimayya, PVSM, VSM, ADC is a former General Officer in the Indian Army. He was the 21st General Officer Commanding-in-Chief (GOC-in-C) Army Training Command. He assumed office on 1 November 2018 from Lt Gen Manoj Mukund Naravane.

Lieutenant general (India)
Lieutenant general is a three-star general officer rank in the Indian Army. It is the second-highest active rank in the Indian Army. Lieutenant generals rank above the two-star rank of Major General and below the four-star rank of General, which is held by the Chief of the Army Staff.

The equivalent rank in the Indian Navy is Vice Admiral and in the Indian Air Force is Air Marshal.

Officers in the rank of lieutenant general hold important appointments at the army commands and at the army headquarters.