hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Schwarzer Grat
The Schwarze Grat between Eschachthal in the Bavarian county of Oberallgäu and Bolsternang in the Baden-Württemberg county of Ravensburg is 1,118 m above sea level (NHN) and thus the highest mountain in Ravensburg, in the province of Tübingen (Baden-Württemberg) and the Adelegg range, although within the Adelegg region it is topped by the Ursersberg (1,129 m). An observation tower, the Schwarzer Grat Tower stands at the summit.

Tübingen (region)
Tübingen is one of the four Administrative Regions (Regierungsbezirke) of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located in the south-east of the state. It covers most of the German shore of Lake Constance (Bodensee), and also the beginning of the Danube River valley. It is sub-divided into the three regions (Regionalverband): Neckar-Alb, Donau-Iller and Bodensee-Oberschwaben. Donau-Iller also includes three districts and one city of Bavaria.
Coregonus lutokka
Coregonus lutokka is a putative species of whitefish in the genus Coregonus. It is native to Lake Onega and Lake Ladoga in Karelia, but it has been introduced to many other water bodies in Russia.  It eats benthic larvae, molluscs and crustaceans, but in the summer it usually switches to feed on zooplankton.

It was originally described in 1916 by Lev Berg as Coregonus widegreni ludoga.

Lev Berg
Lev Semyonovich Berg, also known as Leo S. Berg (Russian: Лев Семёнович Берг; 14 March 1876 – 24 December 1950) was a leading Russian geographer, biologist and ichthyologist who served as President of the Soviet Geographical Society between 1940 and 1950.

He is known for his own evolutionary theory, nomogenesis (a form of orthogenesis incorporating mutationism) as opposed to the theories of Darwin and Lamarck.
Lougba
Lougba is a town and arrondissement in the Collines department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Bantè. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 6,006.

Collines Department
Collines ([kɔ.lin], "hills") is one of the twelve departments of Benin, located in the centre of the country. The department of Collines was created in 1999 when it was split off from Zou Department. In 2016, the city of Dassa-Zoumé (also called Igbo Idaasha) became the department's capital (formerly Savalou was the capital).

As of 2013, the total population of the department was 717,477, with 353,592 males and 363,885 females. The proportion of women was 50.70%. The total rural population was 72.50%, while the urban population was 27.50%. The total labour force in the department was 213,069, of which 45.30% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 57.60%.
Clostridial vaccine
A clostridial vaccine is a vaccine for sheep and cattle that protects against diseases caused by toxins produced by an infection with one or more Clostridium bacteria. Clostridial vaccines are often administered to pregnant ewes a few weeks before they are due to give birth, in order to give passive immunity to their lambs. Clostridial bacteria multiply rapidly in infected sheep, and produce large amounts of toxin which can cause the sheep to die within hours.

Clostridial vaccines can contain anti-toxins to one or more endotoxins produced by the following bacteria:

Clostridium chauvoei

Clostridium haemolyticum

Clostridium novyi

Clostridium perfringens

Clostridium septicum

Clostridium sordellii

Clostridium tetani

Clostridial vaccines which protect sheep against multiple clostridial diseases have been available since the 1950s.

Clostridium novyi
Clostridium novyi (oedematiens) a Gram-positive, endospore- forming, obligate anaerobic bacteria of the class Clostridia. It is ubiquitous, being found in the soil and faeces. It is pathogenic, causing a wide variety of diseases in humans and animals.

Growth in culture proceeds through 3 stages: Initial growth wherein no toxin is produced; vigorous growth wherein toxin is produced; and spore formation wherein endospores are formed and toxin production decreases. It is suggested that type C may be type B that forms spores more readily so does not go through the toxin-production stage.

Isolating and identifying C novyi is difficult due to its extreme anaerobic nature. Commercial kits may not be adequate.

It is also fastidious and difficult to culture, requiring the presence of thiols.
Bateman Paul
Robert Bateman Paul (10 October 1798 – 6 June 1877) was an Anglican priest in the 19th century.

Paul was born at St Columb Major in Cornwall and educated at Exeter College, Oxford. He was ordained deacon and priest in 1822. He was Fellow, Bursar, and Tutor at Exeter College until 1827. He then held incumbencies at Long Wittenham, Llantwit Major and Kentish Town. He was Archdeacon of Nelson, New Zealand from 1855 to 1860. On his return to England he was Rector of Stamford, Lincolnshire. He was also the Confrater of Browne's Hospital, Stamford. In 1871, he became a Prebendary of Lincoln Cathedral.

Exeter College, Oxford
Exeter College (in full: The rector and Scholars of Exeter College in the University of Oxford) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England, and the fourth-oldest college of the university.

The college was founded in 1314 by two brothers from Devon, Bishop Walter Stapledon and Sir Richard Stapledon, as an institution to educate clergy, and has been located on Turl Street since 1315. At its foundation Exeter was popular with sons of the Devon gentry, though it has since become associated with a much broader range of notable alumni, including Raymond Raikes, William Morris, J. R. R. Tolkien, Richard Burton, Roger Bannister, Alan Bennett, and Philip Pullman.
Lloyd Francis
Cyril Lloyd Francis PC (March 19, 1920 – January 20, 2007) was a Canadian politician and speaker of the House of Commons. A member of the Liberal Party, he represented Carleton and Ottawa West in the House of Commons.

Ottawa West
Ottawa West was a federal and provincial electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1935 to 1997 and in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1908 to 1926 and from 1955 to 1999.  It covered the western part of the Ottawa area.
St James Workhouse
The St James Workhouse  opened in 1725 on Poland Street in the Soho area of London, England, in what was then the parish of Westminster St James, and continued well into the nineteenth century.

Higginbotham conjectured that the infirmary at St James Workhouse was the one referred to in the American song "St. James Infirmary Blues", on the basis that that song dates from 'at least the early 19th century'.

Inhabitants included the painter Charlotte Mercier, who died there in 1762.

The site of the workhouse is now the Q Park parking garage, occupying the space between Poland Street and Marshall Street.

Westminster St James
Westminster St James (or St James Piccadilly)  was a civil parish in the metropolitan area of London, England. The creation of the parish followed the building of the Church of St James, Piccadilly, in 1684. After several failed attempts, the parish was formed in 1685 from part of the ancient parish of St Martin in the Fields in the Liberty of Westminster and county of Middlesex. It included part of the West End of London, taking in sections of Soho, Mayfair and St James's. Civil parish administration was in the hands of a select vestry until the parish adopted the Vestries Act 1831. The vestry was reformed again by the Metropolis Management Act 1855. In 1889 the parish became part of the County of London and the vestry was abolished in 1900, replaced by Westminster City Council. The parish continued to have nominal existence until 1922.
Karl-Wilhelm Specht
Karl-Wilhelm Specht (22 May 1894 – 3 December 1953) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. He served on the "Court of Military Honour," a drumhead court-martial that expelled many of the officers involved in the 20 July Plot from the army before handing them over to the People's Court. Specht surrendered to the Soviet forces at the end of the war and died in Voikovo prison camp on 3 December 1953.

Court of Military Honour
The Court of Military Honour (German: Ehrenhof) was a drumhead court-martial in Nazi Germany, composed of high-ranking officers of the Wehrmacht, which was formed by a Führer decree (Führererlass) on 2 August 1944.

The court had the express task of identifying and expelling officers of the German Army who, according to the Gestapo, had participated in the 20 July plot against Adolf Hitler. The aim of the decree was to avoid having to bring the leaders of the military resistance to the Nazi regime before a military trial of the Reich Court-Martial (Reichskriegsgericht), in accordance with German military law. Instead, they were brought before a show trial of the People's Court (Volksgerichtshof).
Chessboard / Nichijō
“Chessboard / Nichijō” is the sixth single by Japanese band Official Hige Dandism, released on September 13, 2023, by IRORI Records under Pony Canyon.

It follows their previous single “TATTOO” by five months and marks their first CD single release in two and a half years since “Universe”. This is the band's first double A-side single.

Preceding the single release, “Chessboard” was released digitally on August 9, 2023. “Nichijou” was also released as a digital-only single on September 13.

Pony Canyon
Pony Canyon Inc. (株式会社ポニーキャニオン, Kabushiki gaisha Ponī Kyanion), also known by the shorthand form Ponican (ぽにきゃん, Ponikyan), is a Japanese company, established on October 1, 1966, which distributes music, films, home video, and video games. It is affiliated with the Japanese media group Fujisankei Communications Group. Pony Canyon is a major leader in the music industry in Japan, with its artists regularly at the top of the Japanese charts. Pony Canyon is also responsible for releasing taped concerts from its artists as well as many anime productions and several film productions.

Pony Canyon is headquartered in Tokyo with offices in Taiwan and South Korea. It employs approximately 360 people. Pony Canyon also owns the recording label Flight Master.
Blackbear Bosin
Blackbear Bosin (June 5, 1921 – August 9, 1980) was a self-taught Kiowa/Comanche sculptor, painter, and commercial artist. He is also known by his Kiowa name, Tsate Kongia (Kiowa: Sétkóñ:gyái), which means "black bear."

Bosin gained notoriety for his surreal and dynamic variations on the traditional Flatstyle painting of the Southern Plains Indians, and he add depth, motion, and drama to the genre while emphasizing symbolism.

His works have been modern icons of Native American art, and of his community (Wichita), county (Sedgwick County), state (Kansas) and region.

Flatstyle
Flatstyle refers to several 20th-century American Indian painting styles with limited or no shading or perspective but emphasized shape and contour. These include:

Bacone school, popularized by Bacone College, Muskogee, Oklahoma from the 1930s through 1980s

San Ildefonso School, active in New Mexico from the 1910s through 1940s

Southern Plains style, popularized by the Kiowa Six, beginning in the late 1920s.

Studio style, taught by Dorothy Dunn and Géronima Montoya Cruz at the Santa Fe Indian School, New Mexico, from the 1930s to early 1960s.
Spring Prairie
Spring Prairie is the name of several places in the United States:

Spring Prairie Township, Minnesota

Spring Prairie, Wisconsin, a town
Spring Prairie (community), Wisconsin, an unincorporated community

Spring Prairie Township, Clay County, Minnesota
Spring Prairie Township is a township in Clay County, Minnesota, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 506, up from 368 at the previous census.

The township is notable for being the home of an established Hutterite colony, called Spring Prairie Colony. As a result about a fourth (25.7%) of the township speak an other than English or Spanish Indo-European language, most likely the Hutterite German.
Mihin Lanka
Mihin Lanka was a low-fare leisure airline based in Colombo, Sri Lanka. It was owned by the Sri Lankan government. The airline operated scheduled flights from its hub at Bandaranaike International Airport to a number of cities in the Indian subcontinent, the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, Southeast Asia, and Eastern Africa. It code-shared with its partner SriLankan Airlines on several routes, as part of a consolidation exercise between the two airlines.

The airline was plagued by financial losses, debt, waste, and corruption since its inception in 2007. In order to reduce losses and increase productivity, the government approved the merger of Mihin Lanka with SriLankan Airlines by the end of 2016.

Mihin Lanka ceased operations in October 2016 when SriLankan Airlines resumed its schedule on routes formerly operated by Mihin Lanka and took over the additional destinations.

Bandaranaike International Airport
Bandaranaike International Airport (BIA; commonly known as Colombo International Airport, Colombo–Bandaranaike International Airport, and locally as Katunayake International Airport; IATA: CMB, ICAO: VCBI) is the main international airport in Sri Lanka. It is named after former Prime Minister S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike (1899–1959) and is in the suburb of Negombo, 32.5 kilometres (20+1⁄4 miles) north of the nation's capital and commercial center, Colombo.

It is administered by Airport and Aviation Services (Sri Lanka) Ltd and serves as the hub of SriLankan Airlines, the national carrier of Sri Lanka, Fitsair, a privately owned low-cost carrier, and domestic carrier Cinnamon Air.

The other airport serving the city of Colombo is Ratmalana International Airport.
Hot Pink Shorts
Hot Pink Shorts is a Canadian English language anthology series comprising various LGBT related short films. Hot Pink Shorts premiered on September 13, 2007 at 8:30 pm EST on Canadian digital cable specialty channel, OutTV.

In 2012, a new series was launched titled Hot Pink Shorts: The Making Of.

OUTtv (Canadian TV channel)
OUTtv is a Canadian English language speciality channel and streaming network that was launched in September 2001. The brand focuses on general entertainment and lifestyle programming serving Canadian and international LGBT+ communities.

The network is owned by OUTtv Media Global Inc., majority owned (51%) by Ronald N. Stern through OM Acquisitions.
Tom DeBlois
Thomas H. DeBlois (born April 22, 1945) is an American politician who formerly served as a member of the New Hampshire Senate for the 18th district. A member of the Republican Party, he was elected in 2010, defeating incumbent Betsi DeVries. In 2012, he decided not to seek a second term and, instead, ran for the 4th district seat on the Executive Council of New Hampshire, narrowly losing the Republican nomination.

New Hampshire's 18th State Senate district
New Hampshire's 18th State Senate district is one of 24 districts in the New Hampshire Senate. It was represented by Democrat Donna Soucy, formerly the President of the New Hampshire Senate, from 2012 to 2024.  Former NH State Representative, Republican Victoria Sullivan, defeated her on November 5, 2024. Victoria Sullivan was sworn in to represent NH Senate District 18 on December 4, 2024.
T. M. Rangarajan
T. M. Rangarajan is an Indian politician and a former member of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly. He hails from Mannargudi town in Thiruvarur district. Rangarajan, completed his Master of Science and Bachelor of Law degrees and practicing as an advocate. Belonging to the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) party, he contested and won the Mylapore Assembly constituency in the 1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election to become a Member of the Legislative Assembly.

Advocate
An advocate is a professional in the field of law. Different countries and legal systems use the term with somewhat differing meanings. The broad equivalent in many English law–based jurisdictions could be a barrister or a solicitor. However, in Scottish, Manx, South African, Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Scandinavian, Polish, Israeli, South Asian and South American jurisdictions, "advocate" indicates a lawyer of superior classification.

"Advocate" is in some languages an honorific for lawyers, such as "Adv. Sir Alberico Gentili". "Advocate" also has the everyday meaning of speaking out to help someone else, such as patient advocacy or the support expected from an elected politician; this article does not cover those senses.
2000–01 Providence Friars men's basketball team
The 2000–01 Providence Friars men's basketball team represented Providence College during the 2000–01 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Led by head coach Tim Welsh, the Friars finished the season 21–10 (11–5 Big East) and received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament as the 10 seed in the South region. The team was beaten by No. 7 seed Penn State, 69–59, in the opening round.

2000–01 Penn State Nittany Lions basketball team
The 2000–01 Penn State Nittany Lions basketball team represented Pennsylvania State University in the 2000–01 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. They were led by head coach Jerry Dunn, in his sixth season with the team, and played their home games at the Bryce Jordan Center in University Park, Pennsylvania as members of the Big Ten Conference. The Lions finished the season 21–12, 7–9 in Big Ten play to finish in a two-way tie for 6th place. They defeated Michigan and Michigan State before losing to Iowa in the semifinals of the Big Ten tournament. They received a bid to the 2001 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament where they defeated Providence and North Carolina before losing to Temple in the Sweet 16.
Spanish ship San Juan Nepomuceno
San Juan Nepomuceno was a Spanish ship of the line launched in 1765 from the royal shipyard in Guarnizo (Cantabria). Like many 18th century Spanish warships she was named after a saint (John of Nepomuk). She was a solidly built ship of proven seaworthy qualities. Captured by the British Royal Navy during the Battle of Trafalgar, the ship was renamed first HMS Berwick, then HMS San Juan. The ship was discarded in 1816.

El Astillero
El Astillero (English: "The Shipyard") is a town and municipality in the province and autonomous community of Cantabria, northern Spain. It is near the provincial capital of Santander, and it is known for its shipyard, and for hosting of Spanish national Rowing Championships. Its location is geographically defined by the estuaries that surround it. It is located between the municipalities of Camargo (formerly part of El Astillero), Villaescusa, Piélagos, Medio Cudeyo and Marina de Cudeyo. Located at the foot of Peña Cabarga, is 7.5 kilometres away from the capital, Santander, and is 20 metres above sea level.

The confluence of the rivers and the coast of the bay is a large expanse of wetlands where various migratory birds nest throughout the year. The municipality covers an area of 6.80 km.
1995 Memorial Cup
The 1995 Memorial Cup occurred May 13–21 at the Riverside Coliseum in Kamloops, British Columbia.  It was the 77th annual Memorial Cup competition and determined the major junior ice hockey champion of the Canadian Hockey League (CHL).  Participating teams were the host Kamloops Blazers, who were also the champions of the Western Hockey League, as well as the WHL runner-up Brandon Wheat Kings, and the winners of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League and Ontario Hockey League, which were the Hull Olympiques and the Detroit Jr. Red Wings.  Kamloops won their second straight Memorial Cup, over Detroit.

Brandon Wheat Kings
The Brandon Wheat Kings are a Canadian major junior ice hockey team based in Brandon, Manitoba. Founded in 1936, the team was for three decades a successful junior team playing principally in the Manitoba Junior Hockey League. The Wheat Kings joined the Western Hockey League ahead of the 1967–68 season, and today play in the East Division of the Eastern Conference, hosting games at Keystone Centre. The team owns the best regular season record in WHL history from the 1978–79 season, when the Wheat Kings posted 58 wins and 125 points. That season, they won their first of three league championships.
First Council of Constantinople
The First Council of Constantinople (Latin: Concilium Constantinopolitanum; Ancient Greek: Σύνοδος τῆς Κωνσταντινουπόλεως) was a council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople in AD 381 by the Roman Emperor Theodosius I. This second ecumenical council, an effort to attain consensus in the church through an assembly representing all of Christendom, except for the Western Church, confirmed the Nicene Creed, expanding the doctrine thereof to produce the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed, and dealt with sundry other matters. It met from May to July 381 in the Church of Hagia Irene and was affirmed as ecumenical in 451 at the Council of Chalcedon for Chalcedonian Christianity and the Second Council of Ephesus for the Oriental Orthodox Churches.

Henry Wace (priest)
Henry Wace (10 December 1836 – 9 January 1924) was an English Anglican priest and ecclesiastical historian who served as Principal of King's College, London, from 1883 to 1897 and as Dean of Canterbury from 1903 to 1924. He is described in the Dictionary of National Biography as "an effective administrator, a Protestant churchman of deep scholarship, and a stout champion of the Reformation settlement".
Paddy Hannan
Patrick Hannan (baptised 26 April 1840 – 4 November 1925) was a gold prospector whose lucrative discovery on 14 June 1893 set off a major gold rush in the area now known as Kalgoorlie-Boulder in Western Australia.

The resulting goldfield has been mined ever since and is renowned as The Golden Mile, the richest square mile in the world. The modern open-cut mine is a vast, astonishing sight known as the Super Pit.

Hannan from Quin, County Clare, and his partners Thomas Flanagan from Ennis, County Clare and Daniel Shea from County Cork, are still remembered and celebrated in Australia and in Ireland.

Super Pit gold mine
The Fimiston Open Pit, colloquially known as the Super Pit, is an open-pit mine in the western Australia. It was Australia's largest open cut gold mine until late 2015, when it was overtaken by the Newmont Boddington gold mine, also in Western Australia. The Super Pit is located off the Goldfields Highway on the south-east edge of Kalgoorlie, Western Australia. The pit is oblong in plan view and is approximately 3.5 kilometres long, 1.6 kilometres wide and over 675 metres deep.

The Fimiston Open Pit is owned by Northern Star Resources. The mine produced 456,000 troy ounces (14.2 t) of gold in 2019, and employs around 1,100 employees and contractors directly on site.