hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Web cleaning
Web cleaning is a process used in industrial production to remove dust, fibres and other loose particles from moving webs or sheets. It is applied in the manufacturing and converting of paper, corrugated board, film, glass, nonwovens, tissue and other substrates, as well as in electronics manufacturing, such as printed circuit boards, semiconductor components and electronic assemblies, to prevent defects during assembly or downstream processing operations.

Corrugated fiberboard
Corrugated fiberboard, corrugated cardboard, or corrugate is a type of paper packaging material consisting of a fluted corrugated sheet and one or two flat linerboards. It is used for making corrugated boxes. Corrugated (also called pleated) paper was patented in England in 1856, but corrugated boxboard for use in shipping material was not patented until 1871. Several properties and characteristics can be measured for corrugated board, including moisture content and burst strength. Corrugated board is manufactured on large high-precision machinery lines called corrugators. Packaging engineers design corrugated boxes to meet the particular needs of the product being shipped. Old corrugated containers (OCC) are an excellent source of fiber for recycling.
Protestant church of Wyns
The Protestant church of Wyns or Saint Vitus Church is a religious building in Wyns, Netherlands,  one of the medieval churches in Friesland. The nave and quintuple closed choir date from c. 1200 and are built out of red brick.  The building has a tower that dates from the 13th century and a pipe organ that was built in 1899 by Bakker & Timmenga from Leeuwarden.

The church is located on the Wijns 31 and was once a Roman Catholic church dedicated to Saint Vitus but became a Protestant church after the Protestant Reformation. It is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 35690, and is rated with a very high historical value.

Rijksmonument
A rijksmonument (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɛiksmoːnyˌmɛnt] ⓘ, lit. 'state monument') is a national heritage site of the Netherlands, listed by the agency Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed (RCE) acting for the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science.

At the end of February 2015, the Netherlands had 61,822 listed national heritage sites, of which approximately 1,500 are listed as archaeological sites.
René-Émile Piquet
René-Émile Piquet is a French politician (born 23 October 1932 in Romorantin-Lanthenay) and long-time leader of the PCF, sitting on its Political Bureau from 1964 to 1990.

He was a Member of the European Parliament from 1979 to 1997.

Romorantin-Lanthenay
Romorantin-Lanthenay (French pronunciation: [ʁɔmɔʁɑ̃tɛ̃ lɑ̃tənɛ] ⓘ), commonly known as Romorantin, is a commune and town in the Loir-et-Cher department, administrative region of Centre-Val de Loire, France.

It is the capital city of the natural region of Sologne.
Ghosts of Loss
Ghosts of Loss is the second studio album by Finnish death-doom band Swallow the Sun, released on August 24, 2005. Compared with their debut, this album has more influences of gothic metal. Some of its themes are greatly influenced by the 1990-91 TV serial Twin Peaks.

Death-doom
Death-doom (also known as death-doom metal or doom-death) is a fusion genre of death metal and doom metal. It combines the slow tempos and pessimistic or depressive mood of doom metal with the deep growling vocals and double-kick drumming of death metal. The genre emerged in the late 1980s and gained a certain amount of popularity during the 1990s, but had become less common by the turn of the 21st century. In turn, death-doom gave rise to the closely related genre of funeral doom as well as to the more melodic, gloomy and romantic gothic metal.
Portage-du-Fort
Portage-du-Fort (French pronunciation: [pɔʁtaʒ dy fɔʁ]) is a village municipality in the Pontiac Regional County Municipality in the southwest corner of the Outaouais region of Quebec, Canada. The village lies across the Ottawa River from Chenaux, Ontario and Horton, Ontario.

At Portage-du-Fort there is a dam, the Chenaux Hydro-Electric Power Station, and bridge across the Ottawa River.

Pontiac Regional County Municipality
Pontiac (French pronunciation: [pɔ̃tjak]) is a regional county municipality in the Outaouais region of Quebec, Canada. Campbell's Bay is the county seat. It should not be confused with the municipality of Pontiac, which is located in the neighbouring Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais Regional County Municipality. For the electoral district see Pontiac (federal electoral district).
Johannes van den Bosch (chess player)
Johannes Hendrik Otto van den Bosch, Count van den Bosch (12 April 1906, The Hague – 15 November 1994, Hilversum) was a Dutch noble, lawyer, banker and chess master. He thrice represented The Netherlands in Chess Olympiads, including the 2nd Chess Olympiad at The Hague in 1928, the 3rd Chess Olympiad at Hamburg in 1930, and the 4th Chess Olympiad at Prague in 1931.

4th Chess Olympiad
The 4th Chess Olympiad (Czech: 4. Šachová olympiáda), organized by the Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE) and comprising an open and (unofficial) women's tournament, as well as several events designed to promote the game of chess, took place between July 11 and July 26, 1931, in Prague, Czechoslovakia. The 3rd Women's World Chess Championship also took place during the Olympiad.
Berdin
Berdin (Russian: Бердин) is a rural type settlement (khutor) in western Russia, in Bolshesoldatsky District of Kursk Oblast.

The settlement witnessed battles between Russian and Ukrainian forces in the beginning of 2025, during the Kursk offensive.

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Mikhaylovka, Irkutsk Oblast
Mikhaylovka (Russian: Миха́йловка) is an urban locality (a work settlement) in Cheremkhovsky District of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia. Population:  7,827 (2010 Census); 8,148 (2002 Census); 9,381 (1989 Soviet census).

Irkutsk Oblast
Irkutsk Oblast (Russian: Ирку́тская о́бласть, romanized: Irkutskaya oblastʹ; Buryat: Эрхүү можо, romanized: Erhüü možo) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southeastern Siberia in the basins of the Angara, Lena, and Nizhnyaya Tunguska Rivers. The administrative center is the city of Irkutsk. It had a population of 2,370,102 at the 2021 Census.
Moving On (Oleta Adams album)
Moving On is the fifth album by American vocalist, pianist and songwriter Oleta Adams, released in 1995. It saw Adams move towards a more straightforward R&B sound, working with established R&B producers Vassal Benford (who had produced Rebbie Jackson, Jade and Toni Braxton) and Michael J. Powell (producer of Randy Crawford, Anita Baker and Regina Belle) who helped to mix her usual soul, pop and gospel styles with R&B. Adams wrote or co-wrote six of the twelve songs on the album, and for the first time produced two of the songs.

Anita Baker
Anita Denise Baker (born January 26, 1958) is an American jazz and soul singer. She is known for her soulful ballads, particularly from the height of the quiet storm period in the 1980s.

Starting her career in the late 1970s with the funk band Chapter 8, Baker released her first solo album, The Songstress, in 1983. In 1986, she rose to fame following the release of her Platinum-selling second album, Rapture, which included the Grammy-winning single "Sweet Love". As of 2017, Baker has won eight Grammy Awards and has four Platinum albums, along with two Gold albums. Baker is a contralto with a wide range of octaves.
Heřmanice (Ostrava)
Heřmanice (Polish: Herzmanice or Hermanice, German: Herzmanitz) is a part of the city of Ostrava, Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic. Administratively it is a part of the district of Slezská Ostrava. It lies in the historical region of Těšín Silesia

Moravian-Silesian Region
The Moravian-Silesian Region (Czech: Moravskoslezský kraj) is one of the 14 administrative regions of the Czech Republic. Before May 2001, it was called the Ostrava Region (Czech: Ostravský kraj). The region is located in the north-eastern part of its historical region of Moravia and in most of the Czech part of the historical region of Silesia. The region borders the Olomouc Region to the west and the Zlín Region to the south. It also borders two other countries – Poland (Opole and Silesian Voivodeships) to the north and Slovakia (Žilina Region) to the east.

It is a highly industrialized region, its capital Ostrava was actually called the "Steel Heart of the Republic". In addition, it has several mountainous areas where the landscape is relatively preserved. Nowadays, the economy of the region benefits from its location in the Czech/Polish/Slovak borderlands.
Armenfilm
Armenfilm (Russian: Арменфильм; Armenian: Արմենֆիլմ), also known as Hayfilm (Armenian: Հայֆիլմ), is an Armenian film studio company located in Yerevan. The studio company was founded on 16 April 1923 as a production unit of the Soviet State Cinema Organization, with Daniel Dznuni as the first director. It is one of the oldest film studios in Armenia.

Armenfilm was sold by the state to private investors in 2005 with a long list of conditions to revitalize the studio's equipment and produce new content. It was renamed as CS Film Studios but failed to produce the required new feature films. In 2015, the Government of Armenia decided that the new management had failed to satisfy the conditions of the sale and moved to reclaim the studio's assets.

Production company
A production company, production house, or production studio is a studio that creates works in the fields of performing arts, new media art, film, television, radio, comics, interactive arts, video games, websites, music, and video. These groups consist of technical staff and members to 
produce the media, and are often incorporated as a commercial publisher.

Generally the term refers to all individuals responsible for the technical aspects of creating a particular product, regardless of where in the process their expertise is required, or how long they are involved in the project.  For example, in a theatrical performance, the production team has not only the running crew, but also the theatrical producer, designers, and theatrical direction.
Pyotr Andreevich Pilyutov
Pyotr Andreevich Pilyutov (Russian: Петр Андреевич Пилютов, Belarusian: Пётр Андрэевіч Пілютаў; 23 December [O.S. 10 December] 1906 – 24 March 1960) was a Soviet fighter pilot and flying ace during the Winter War and World War II who totaled 14 solo and 1 shared aerial victories. Pilyutov is a recipient of the Hero of the Soviet Union award, taking part in the defense of Leningrad.

Order of the Patriotic War
The Order of the Patriotic War (Russian: Орден Отечественной войны, romanized: Orden Otechestvennoy voiny) is a Soviet military decoration that was awarded to all soldiers in the Soviet armed forces, security troops, and to partisans for heroic deeds in the Eastern Front of World War II. After the beginning of the German Operation Barbarossa, the Soviet Government applied the term "Great Patriotic War" to the war.
C. Sydney Frost
Charles Sydney Frost MC (27 November 1893 – 15 April 1985) was a Canadian banker who served from 1956 to 1958 as president of the Bank of Nova Scotia.

Frost joined the bank in 1908 in Yarmouth, and worked there until 1914, when he was posted to St. John's, Newfoundland as an accountant. Upon the outbreak of World War I, Frost joined the Royal Newfoundland Regiment and went on to serve in France. After the war, Frost rejoined the bank in Newfoundland as a manager.

Over the succeeding decades, Frost was appointed to a series of managerial and supervisory posts across the country. In 1946 he joined the head office in Toronto, where he became assistant general manager. In 1949 he became general manager, in 1950 was elected a director, in 1951 was appointed a vice-president, and in 1954 was appointed an executive vice-president. In June 1956, Frost was made president of the bank. He held this post until his retirement in December 1958. Frost died in Toronto on 15 April 1985.

Yarmouth, Nova Scotia
Yarmouth is a port town in southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada at the entrance to the Gulf of Maine—making it a significant coastal town for maritime activity.  Yarmouth is the shire town of Yarmouth County and is the largest population centre in the region.
1910 Minnesota State Auditor election
The 1910 Minnesota State Auditor election was held on November 8, 1910, in order to elect the state auditor of Minnesota. Republican nominee and incumbent state auditor Samuel G. Iverson defeated Democratic nominee Thomas J. Meighen.

Minnesota State Auditor
The state auditor of Minnesota is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Minnesota. Nineteen individuals have held the office of state auditor since statehood. The incumbent is Julie Blaha, a member of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party.
Health Practitioners Disciplinary Tribunal
The Health Practitioners Disciplinary Tribunal of New Zealand hears and determines disciplinary proceedings brought against health practitioners.

The Tribunal was created by section 84 Health Practitioners Competence Assurance Act 2003 and established 18 September 2004. It supersedes the Medical Practitioners Disciplinary Tribunal of New Zealand.

The Tribunal is administered by the Ministry of Health and covers a range of professions including medical professions (medical practitioners, nurses and midwives), dental professions (dentists, dental therapists, dental hygienists), pharmacists, osteopaths, and chiropractors.

Dental therapist
A dental therapist is a member of the dental team who provides preventive and restorative dental care for children and adults. The precise role varies and is dependent on the therapist's education and the various dental regulations and guidelines of each country.

More than 50 countries allow dental therapists to provide some dental services. In the United States, dental therapists are allowed to operate in 13 states. The American Dental Association, the largest professional association of dentists in the United States, has lobbied against allowing dental therapists to practice while the Federal Trade Commission has advocated that more dental therapists would enable greater access to oral care and strengthen competition in dental services. Research shows that dental therapists provide greater access to dental care without undermining the quality of care or undermining health outcomes.
Hanshaw
Hanshaw is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Annette Hanshaw (1901–1985), American jazz singer

Anthony Hanshaw (born 1978), American boxer

Roger Hanshaw (born 1980), American politician

Annette Hanshaw
Catherine Annette Hanshaw (October 18, 1901 – March 13, 1985) was an American Jazz Age singer. She was one of the most popular radio stars of the late 1920s and early 1930s, with many of her most notable performances taking place on NBC's Maxwell House Show Boat. Over four million of her records had been sold by 1934, following the peak of her popularity.

In her ten-year recording career, she recorded about 250 sides. In a 1934 poll conducted by Radio Stars magazine, she received the title of best female popular singer (Bing Crosby was voted the best male popular singer). Second place went to Ethel Shutta, third place went to Ruth Etting, and fourth place went to Kate Smith.
Robert Whitby
Robert Lionel Whitby MVO (29 October 1928 – January 2003) was an English first-class cricketer.

The son of Robert James Lawrence Whitby, he was born in British India at Calcutta in October 1928. He was educated in England at Charterhouse School, before going up to Caius College, Cambridge. While studying at Cambridge, he played one first-class cricket match for Cambridge University Cricket Club against Essex at Fenner's in 1950. Seven years later he made a second appearance in first-class cricket for the Marylebone Cricket Club against Scotland at Aberdeen. He scored 33 runs in these two matches, while with his right-arm medium-fast bowling, he bowled 38 wicket-less overs. Whitby was appointed a Member of the Royal Victorian Order, 4th Class in the 1968 New Years Honours. Whitby died at Portsmouth in January 2003.

Essex County Cricket Club
Essex County Cricket Club is one of eighteen first-class county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Essex.

Founded in 1876, the club had minor county status until 1894 when it was promoted to first-class status pending its entry into the County Championship in 1895. Since then, the team has played in every top-level domestic cricket competition in England.

Essex currently play all their home games at the County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford. The club has formerly used other venues throughout the county including Lower Castle Park in Colchester, Valentines Park in Ilford, Leyton Cricket Ground, the Gidea Park Sports Ground in Romford, and Garon Park and Southchurch Park, both in Southend.

The limited overs team has previously been known as the Essex Eagles but now play simply as Essex.
Minister of Science and Culture
The Minister of Science and Culture (Finnish: tiede- ja kulttuuriministeri, Swedish: Forsknings- och kulturminister) is one of the Finnish Government's ministerial positions.

The Orpo Cabinet's incumbent Minister for Science and Culture is since the 24th of January 2025 Mari-Leena Talvitie of the National Coalition Party who replaced Sari Multala the current Minister of the Environment and Climate Change.

Mari-Leena Talvitie
Mari-Leena Hannele Talvitie (born 11 June 1980) is a Finnish politician currently serving in the Parliament of Finland for the National Coalition Party at the Oulu constituency. She has served as minister of science and culture since 2025.
Bibliography of books critical of Judaism
This is a bibliography of literature treating the topic of criticism of Judaism as a religion, sorted by alphabetical order of titles.

Books that criticise the religion of Judaism can be categorised in several groups, such as:

Books that criticise the Torah / Hebrew Bible and other Jewish scriptures, or a Jewish fundamentalist interpretation and application of them;

Books that criticise the Jewish religion as a whole;

Books that criticise all religions (especially the Abrahamic religions), including Judaism in particular; and

Books that criticise social separatism of Jewish minority communities, and argue for (voluntary or involuntary) Jewish assimilation (religiously, linguistically, socially, or culturally).

Books that are critical of Judaism can be written by non-Jews (Gentiles) or by Jews themselves, such as Jewish secularists, Jewish atheists and Jewish assimilationists.

Jewish atheism
Jewish atheism is the atheism of people who follow the "ethnic" and cultural construct of Jewishness.

"Jewish atheism" is not a contradiction because Jewish identity encompasses not only religious components but also, and for most Jews mainly, ethnic and cultural ones. Jewish law's emphasis on descent through the mother means that even religiously conservative Orthodox Jewish authorities would accept an atheist born to a Jewish mother as fully Jewish.

Jewish secularism, which describes Jews who do not explicitly reject the existence of God but also do not believe it is an important part of their Jewishness, has a long tradition in the United States.
John Richard Williams (poet)
John Richard Williams (29 September 1867 – 19 March 1924), often referred to as J. R. Tryfanwy or simply by his bardic name Tryfanwy, was a Welsh-language lyrical poet. He was born in the village of Rhostryfan in the old county of Caernarfonshire (Gwynedd), north Wales. He is buried at Portmadoc.

Bardic name
A bardic name (Welsh: enw barddol, Cornish: hanow bardhek, Breton: anv ur barzh) is a pseudonym used by poets and other artists in the Brythonic cultures of Wales, Cornwall and Brittany.

In Wales, it is also associated with the National Eisteddfod, with new members of the Gorsedd assuming a bardic name when being admitted.
HMS Carysfort
Five ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Carysfort:

HMS Carysfort (1766) was a 28-gun sixth rate launched in 1766 and sold in 1813

HMS Carysfort (1836) was a 26-gun sixth rate launched in 1836 and sold in 1861

HMS Carysfort (1878) was a Comus-class screw corvette launched in 1878 and sold in 1899

HMS Carysfort (1914) was a C-class light cruiser launched in 1914 and scrapped in 1931

HMS Carysfort (R25) was a C-class destroyer launched in 1944 and sold in 1970

Comus-class corvette
The Comus class was a class of Royal Navy steam corvettes, re-classified as third-class cruisers in 1888.  All were built between 1878 and 1881.  The class exemplifies the transitional nature of the late Victorian navy.  In design, materials, armament, and propulsion the class members resemble their wooden sailing antecedents, but blended with characteristics of the all-metal mastless steam cruisers which followed.

Despite their qualities they had relatively short commissions, as they soon were rendered superfluous by the "flood of warships" built under the Naval Defence Act of 1889.  By the turn of the century all were in reserve, relegated to subsidiary duties, or being scrapped.
Engelmann Woods Natural Area
Engelmann Woods Natural Area consists of 149 acres (0.60 km2) in northeastern Franklin County, Missouri. It is located southwest of the town of St. Albans on a bluff overlooking the Missouri River.

Engelmann Woods preserves one of the last old growth forests in Missouri. Some of the trees in the area are approximately 3 feet (0.91 m) in diameter, 100 feet (30 m) tall, and 200 years old. In 1942, private landowners, primarily Mrs. Oscar Johnson, donated the land to the Missouri Botanical Garden. The Missouri Department of Conservation acquired the area in the 1980s, and it was designated a natural area in 1983.

There is a 1.5-mile (2.4 km) hiking trail in the area, and hunting and fishing are not permitted in the area.

Missouri Botanical Garden
The Missouri Botanical Garden is a botanical garden located at 4344 Shaw Boulevard in St. Louis, Missouri. It is also known informally as Shaw's Garden for founder and philanthropist Henry Shaw. Its herbarium, with more than 7.5 million specimens, is the second largest in North America, behind that of the New York Botanical Garden. Its Peter H. Raven Library contains 85% coverage of all literature ever published on systematic botany and plant taxonomy.  The Index Herbariorum code assigned to the herbarium is MO and it is used when citing housed specimens.
Ministers of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)
The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасының Сыртқы істер министрі, Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Syrtqy ıster ministrı; Russian. Министр иностранных дел Республики Казахстан) is an official in the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, responsible for ensuring the implementation of foreign policy. He/She heads the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The President of the Republic of Kazakhstan can independently appoint and dismiss the minister without consulting the Parliament.

The current foreign minister of Kazakhstan is Ermek Köşerbaev.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan (MFA RK, Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы Сыртқы істер министрлігі, romanized: Qazaqstan Respublikasy Syrtqy ıster ministrlıgı, ҚР СІМ; Russian: Министерство иностранных дел Республики Казахстан, МИД РК) is the Kazakh government ministry which oversees the foreign relations of Kazakhstan.