hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glacier County, Montana
Glacier County is located in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,778. The county is located in northwestern Montana between the Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains, known to the Blackfeet as the "Backbone of the World". The county is geographically and culturally diverse and includes the Blackfeet Indian Reservation, Glacier National Park, and Lewis and Clark National Forest. The county is bordered by 75 miles of international boundary with two ports of entry (Piegan and Del Bonita) open year-round and one seasonal (Chief Mountain) international border crossing into Alberta, Canada.

Del Bonita Border Crossing
The Del Bonita Border Crossing connects the town of Cut Bank, Montana with Del Bonita, Alberta on the Canada–US border. It is reached by Montana Secondary Highway 213 on the American side and Alberta Highway 62 on the Canadian side. The crossing was established in 1939, when the highway was completed.  At that time, the nearby crossing at Whiskey Gap was permanently closed. Today, there is little activity near this crossing on either side of the border, although the grass runway of the Whetstone International Airport runs along the boundary on the east side of the road. In 2012, the US replaced its border inspection station, which was built in 1962.

Although this is the 5th most used border crossing in Montana it is in the bottom 1/3 of all US border crossings and carries very little truck traffic.

Del Bonita Port GPS coordinates – Latitude & Longitude:  48.99863, -112.78841

Del Bonita U.S. Customs Office Telephone Number: 406-336-2130
Peter Gibson (judge)
Sir Peter Leslie Gibson (born 10 June 1934) is a British former barrister and Lord Justice of Appeal of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales, and was a judge of the Qatar International Court. Gibson has also served, between April 2006 and December 2010, as the UK's Intelligence Services Commissioner, and was appointed by David Cameron in July 2010 to lead the Detainee Inquiry. He is an honorary member of the Society of Legal Scholars.

The Society of Legal Scholars
The Society of Legal Scholars (SLS) is the learned society for those who teach law in a university or similar institution or who are otherwise engaged in legal scholarship. As of the beginning of 2016 the Society had over 3,000 members consisting of academic and practising lawyers in a wide variety of subject areas. It has charitable status.

The SLS publishes one of the UK's leading generalist peer-reviewed law journals, Legal Studies.

The Society was founded in 1908 by Edward Jenks as The Society of Public Teachers of Law and changed its name to the SLS in 2002.
Rho Ursae Majoris
Rho Ursae Majoris (ρ UMa) is the Bayer designation for a solitary star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Ursa Major. It is often faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.74. The distance to this star, based upon an annual parallax shift of 10.37 mas, is around 315 light years.

With a stellar classification of M3 III, this is a red giant star on the asymptotic giant branch. It is a suspected small amplitude variable. The measured angular diameter of the star after correcting for limb darkening is 5.64±0.15 mas, which, at the estimated distance of this star, yields a physical size of about 58 times the radius of the Sun. It is radiating 464 times the solar luminosity from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of about 3,725 K. Based upon its motion through space, there is a 60.6% chance that this star is a member of the Sirius stream.

Asymptotic giant branch
The asymptotic giant branch (AGB) is a region of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram populated by evolved cool luminous stars. This is a period of stellar evolution undertaken by all low- to intermediate-mass stars (about 0.5 to 8 solar masses) late in their lives.

Observationally, an asymptotic-giant-branch star will appear as a bright red giant with a luminosity ranging up to thousands of times greater than the Sun. Its interior structure is characterized by a central and largely inert core of carbon and oxygen, a shell where helium is undergoing fusion to form carbon (known as helium burning), another shell where hydrogen is undergoing fusion forming helium (known as hydrogen burning), and a very large envelope of material of composition similar to main-sequence stars (except in the case of carbon stars).
Dioptase
Dioptase is an intense emerald-green to bluish-green mineral that is cyclosilicate of copper. It is transparent to translucent. Its luster is vitreous to sub-adamantine. Its formula is Cu6Si6O18·6H2O, also reported as CuSiO2(OH)2. It has a Mohs hardness of 5, the same as tooth enamel. Its specific gravity is 3.28–3.35, and it has two perfect and one very good cleavage directions. Additionally, dioptase is very fragile, and specimens must be handled with great care. It is a trigonal mineral, forming six-sided crystals that are terminated by rhombohedra.

It is popular with mineral collectors and is sometimes cut into small gems. It can also be pulverized and used as a pigment for painting.

Tooth enamel
Tooth enamel is one of the four major tissues that make up the tooth in humans and many animals, including some species of fish. It makes up the normally visible part of the tooth, covering the crown. The other major tissues are dentin, cementum, and dental pulp. It is a very hard, white to off-white, highly mineralised substance that acts as a barrier to protect the tooth but can become susceptible to degradation, especially by acids from food and drink. In rare circumstances enamel fails to form, leaving the underlying dentin exposed on the surface.
Valery Garkalin
Valery Borisovich Garkalin (Russian: Вале́рий Бори́сович Гарка́лин; 11 April 1954 – 20 November 2021) was a Soviet and Russian theater and film actor. He was awarded the People's Artist of the Russian Federation in 2008. Garkalin was also a professor of GITIS.]

Russian Institute of Theatre Arts
The Russian Institute of Theatre Arts (GITIS) (Russian: Российский институт театрального искусства – ГИТИС, romanized: Rossiyskiy institut teatralnogo iskusstva – GITIS) is the largest and oldest independent theatrical arts school in Russia. Located in Moscow, the school was founded on 22 September 1878 as the Shostakovsky Music School. It became the School of Music and Drama of the Moscow Philharmonic Society in 1883, was elevated to the status of a conservatory in 1886 during which time the institution was colloquially referred to as the Philharmonic Conservatory. It was renamed the Institute of Music and Drama in 1918, and was known as the Lunacharsky State Institute for Theatre Arts (GITIS) from 1934 to 1991.
Acantholimon vvedenskyi
Acantholimon vvedenskyi is a species of flowering plant in the family Plumbaginaceae. The native range of this species is from Central Asia (Uzbekistan). It is a subshrub and grows primarily in the subalpine or subarctic biome and was described by Lincz.

Subarctic
The subarctic zone is a region in the Northern Hemisphere immediately south of the true Arctic, north of hemiboreal regions and covering much of Alaska, Canada, Iceland, the north of Fennoscandia, Northwestern Russia, Siberia, and the Cairngorms. Generally, subarctic regions fall between 50°N and 70°N latitude, depending on local climates. Precipitation is usually low, and vegetation is characteristic of the taiga.

Daylight at these latitudes is quite extreme between summer and winter due to its high latitude. Near the summer solstice for instance, subarctic regions can experience an all-night period of either civil, nautical, or astronomical twilight (or in the northern reaches full daylight), since the sun never dips more than 18 degrees below the horizon. Noctilucent clouds are best observed within this range of latitude.
Newcastle Emlyn RFC
Newcastle Emlyn RFC (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Castell Newydd Emlyn) is a Welsh rugby union club based on the outskirts of the town of Newcastle Emlyn, in the community of Adpar, Ceredigion on the north bank of the River Teifi. The club currently plays in the WRU Division One West (Known as Specsavers 1 West for sponsorship purposes) having spent 4 seasons in the Welsh Championship following the title win in 2015. The club is a feeder club for the Llanelli Scarlets.

River Teifi
The River Teifi, is a river in Wales. It forms the boundary for most of its length between the Welsh counties of Ceredigion and Carmarthenshire, and for the final 3 miles (4.8 km) of its total length of 76 miles (122 km), the boundary between Ceredigion and Pembrokeshire. Its estuary is northwest of Cardigan, known in Welsh as Aberteifi, meaning 'mouth of the Teifi'.
Zenker's diverticulum
A Zenker's diverticulum, also pharyngeal pouch, is a diverticulum of the mucosa of the human pharynx, just above the cricopharyngeal muscle (i.e. above the upper sphincter of the esophagus). It is a pseudo diverticulum or false diverticulum (only involving the mucosa and submucosa of the esophageal wall, not the adventitia), also known as a pulsion diverticulum.

It was named in 1877 after German pathologist Friedrich Albert von Zenker.

Mucous membrane
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs. It consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells overlying a layer of loose connective tissue known as the lamina propria. It is mostly of endodermal origin and is continuous with the skin at body openings such as the eyes, eyelids, ears, inside the nose, inside the mouth, lips, the genital areas, the urethral opening and the anus. Some mucous membranes secrete mucus, a thick protective fluid. The function of the membrane is to stop pathogens and dirt from entering the body and to prevent bodily tissues from becoming dehydrated.

Amphibians, fish, snails, slugs, and some other invertebrates also produce external mucus from their epidermis as protection against pathogens, to help in movement, and to line fish gills. Plants produce a similar substance called mucilage that is also produced by some microorganisms.
IC 2560
IC 2560 is a spiral galaxy lying over 110 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Antlia. It was discovered by Lewis Swift on 28 December 1897.

The luminosity class of IC 2560 is II with a broad HI line containing regions of ionized hydrogen. Moreover, IC 2560 is an active Type 2 Seyfert Galaxy. It has a distinct bar structure in the center with the supermassive black hole at the core having a mass of 4.4+4.4−2.2×106 M☉.

One supernova has been observed in IC 2560. SN 2020ejm (type Ia, mag. 16) was discovered by the Distance Less Than 40 Mpc Survey (DLT40) on 11 March 2020.

Lewis A. Swift
Lewis A. Swift (February 29, 1820 – January 5, 1913) was an American astronomer who discovered 13 comets and 1,248 previously uncatalogued nebulae. Only William Herschel discovered more nebulae visually.
James's Luas stop
James's  (Irish: Ospidéal San Séamas) is a stop on the Luas light-rail tram system in Dublin, Ireland.  It opened in 2004 as a stop on the Red Line.  The stop is located within the grounds of St. James's Hospital, next to the Trinity Centre for Health Sciences.  It also provides access to the National College of Art and Design and Guinness Storehouse.  The stop has two edge platforms, and is of the same design as many Luas stops.  After departing the stop, northbound trams turn right onto James's Street on their way to Connolly or The Point.  Southbound trams continue on their own right of way through the grounds of the hospital, with grass between the tracks, travelling towards Tallaght or Saggart.

The stop is also served by Dublin Bus routes 13, G1, G2 and S2, and Go-Ahead Ireland route 73.

Dublin Bus
Dublin Bus (Irish: Bus Átha Cliath) is an Irish state-owned bus operator providing services in Dublin. By far the largest bus operator in the city, it carried 145 million passengers in 2023. It is a subsidiary of Córas Iompair Éireann.
Helcystogramma chambersella
Helcystogramma chambersella is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Mary Murtfeldt in 1874. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Pennsylvania, Illinois, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Louisiana, Mississippi, Florida, Oklahoma, Missouri, Texas, Arizona and California.

The length of the forewings is 3.5–5 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from April to September.

The larvae feed on Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Ambrosia confertifolia and Ambrosia ptilostachya.

Mary Murtfeldt
Mary Esther Murtfeldt (August 6, 1839, New York City – February 23, 1913, Kirkwood) was an American entomologist, botanist, botanical collector, writer and editor. She undertook research on the life histories of insects, describing several species new to science and wrote extensively on entomology. Murtfeldt created a collection of plant specimens that contributed to the scientific knowledge on the plants of Missouri.
1972 Rothmans F5000 European Championship
The 1972 Rothmans F5000 European Championship  was a motor racing series for Formula 5000 cars. The series was organized in the United Kingdom by the British Racing and Sports Car Club but also included rounds in Belgium and Ireland. It was the fourth European Formula 5000 Championship, and the second to be contested under the Rothmans F5000 European Championship name. The championship was won by Gijs van Lennep, driving a Surtees TS11 and a McLaren M18.

British Racing and Sports Car Club
The British Racing and Sports Car Club (BRSCC) is one of the major organisers of motorsport events in the United Kingdom. It is currently based in Wheatley, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. The club currently runs around thirty circuit racing championships for cars as diverse as Citroën, BMWs and Mazda. Formed in Bristol in August 1946 as the 500 Club, the organisation changed its name to the BRSCC in 1954 and now has its headquarters in Wheatley, Oxford.
István Tótfalusi
István Tótfalusi, born István Tóth, bearing this name until 1960 (Budapest, December 8, 1936 – August 29, 2020) was a Hungarian writer, literary translator, linguist, editor, and a recipient of the Attila József Prize (1997).

Sándor Kányádi
Sándor Kányádi (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈʃaːndor ˈkaːɲaːdi]; 10 May 1929 – 20 June 2018) was a Hungarian poet and translator from the region of Transylvania, Romania. He was one of the most famous and beloved contemporary Hungarian poets. He was a major contributor to Hungarian children's literature. His works have been translated into English, Finnish, Estonian, Swedish, German, French, Romanian and Portuguese.
Star Wars Episode I Journal
The Star Wars Episode I Journal is a young adult science fiction series published by Scholastic, written by different authors, and recounting the story of Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace from the perspective of different characters. It is the second Journal series after Star Wars Journal (1998) which recounted the story of Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope (1977).

Scholastic Corporation
Scholastic Corporation is an American multinational publishing, education, and media company that publishes and distributes books, comics, and educational materials for schools, teachers, parents, children, and other educational institutions. Products are distributed via retail and online sales and through schools via reading clubs and book fairs. Clifford the Big Red Dog, a character created by Norman Bridwell in 1963, is the mascot of Scholastic.
Tanimbar monitor
The Tanimbar monitor (Varanus tanimbar) is a species of monitor lizard native to the Tanimbar archipelago of Maluku, Indonesia. It was first described in 2023 using specimens that were preserved at the Western Australian Museum. Another species of Varanus, the Louisiade monitor, was described in the same study.

Western Australian Museum
The Western Australian Museum is a statutory authority within the Culture and the Arts Portfolio, established under the Museum Act 1969.

The museum has six main sites. The state museum, WA Museum Boola Bardip, is located in the Perth Cultural Centre. The other sites are: the WA Maritime Museum and WA Shipwrecks Museum in Fremantle, the Museum of the Great Southern in Albany, the Museum of Geraldton in Geraldton, and the Museum of the Goldfields in Kalgoorlie-Boulder.
Busan–Gimhae Light Rail Transit Operation Corporation
Busan–Gimhae Light Rail Transit Operation Corporation, also known as B&G Metro is a private corporation which was established in 2003 to operate the Busan–Gimhae Light Rail Transit in Gimhae, South Gyeongsang, South Korea.

South Gyeongsang Province
South Gyeongsang Province (Korean: 경상남도, romanized: Gyeongsangnam-do, Korean pronunciation: [kjʌŋ.saŋ.nam.do]) is a province in the southeast of South Korea. The provincial capital is at Changwon. It is adjacent to the major metropolitan center and port of Busan. The UNESCO World Heritage Site Haeinsa, a Buddhist temple that houses the Tripitaka Koreana and tourist attraction, is located in this province. Automobile and petrochemical factories are largely concentrated along the southern part of the province, extending from Ulsan through Busan, Changwon, and Jinju.
Clara S. Lane
Clara Sophia Lane (October 9, 1826 – 1918) was an English painter and illustrator.

Clara Sophia Lane was the eldest daughter of Richard James Lane, an engraver and lithographer who was the great-uncle of poet Gerard Manley Hopkins.  Clara and her sister Emily Lane both became artists.

Clara Lane regularly exhibited at the Society of Female Artists and the Royal Academy, usually watercolor works depicting fruit and flowers.   She painted portraits of Edward William Lane, her uncle, and James Silk Buckingham, both now in the National Portrait Gallery.  Her illustration work included illustrations for Aunt Judy's Tales (1859) by Margaret Gatty, an illustration of Hopkins' poem "The Palimpsest," and the wood engraving of a work by W. J. Linton for the title page of Hopkins' Hawaii: The Past, Present, and Future of its Island-Kingdom (1862).

John Everett Millais used Lane as the model for the seated nun in his painting The Vale of Rest.

The Vale of Rest
The Vale of Rest (1858–59) is a painting by the English Pre-Raphaelite artist John Everett Millais. It depicts a twilight graveyard scene and prominently features two nuns. Of all the paintings that Millais produced, this was his favourite. It was conceived as a pendant (companion piece) to Spring (1856–59).
Laura Monk
Laura Monk is a French mathematician whose research in spectral geometry, on the expansion and spectral properties of random hyperbolic surfaces, continues the work of Maryam Mirzakhani. She works in England at the University of Bristol as a Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Research Fellow and proleptic (tenure-track) lecturer.

Expander graph
In graph theory, an expander graph is a sparse graph that has strong connectivity properties, quantified using vertex, edge or spectral expansion. Expander constructions have spawned research in pure and applied mathematics, with several applications to complexity theory, design of robust computer networks, and the theory of error-correcting codes.
Vlatko Marković International Tournament
Vlatko Marković International Tournament is an association football tournament organised by the Croatian Football Association (HNS), contested by men's national under-15 teams. The tournament was established in 2019. The second tournament held in 2020 was contested by the under-16 teams. The tournament is held annually. The first winner of the tournament in 2019 was Argentina, the rest were won by Croatia, including the under-16 team in 2020.

The tournament is named after Vlatko Marković, a distinguished figure of Croatian football, former player, coach, manager and sports official who was president of the HNS from 1998 to 2012.

Croatian Football Federation
The Croatian Football Federation (Croatian: Hrvatski nogometni savez, HNS) is the national governing body of football in Croatia. It was originally formed in 1912 and is based in the capital city of Zagreb. The organisation is a member of both FIFA and UEFA, and is responsible for overseeing all aspects of the game of football in Croatia. Marijan Kustić has served as president of the federation since 2021.

The HNS sanctions all competitive football matches in Croatia, beginning with the HNL down to 3. NL, as well as the Croatian Cup, while low-tiered leagues are sanctioned by inter-county and county associations. It is also responsible for appointing the management of the men's, women's and youth national football teams. As of 2009, the HNS had 118,316 registered players (650 of them professionals) and a total of 1,732 registered association football and futsal clubs.
Las Tablas, Bocas del Toro
Las Tablas is a town and corregimiento in the Changuinola District of Bocas del Toro Province of Panama. It has a land area of 97.3 square kilometres (37.6 sq mi) and had a population of 9,286 as of 2010, giving it a population density of 95.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (247/sq mi). It was created by Law 40 of April 30, 2003.

Corregimientos of Panama
In Panama, a corregimiento is a subdivision of a district, which in turn is a subdivision of a province. It is the smallest administrative division level in the country; which is further subdivided into populated places/centres. As of 2012, Panama is subdivided into a total of 693 corregimientos, since several of these were created in the province of Bocas del Toro and the indigenous region (comarca indígena) of Ngäbe-Buglé.
Kopar, Thane
Kopar (Marathi: कोपर) is a town in neighbourhood in Dombivli. It is connected with the Mumbai Metropolitan Region by the Mumbai Suburban Railway. It is served by Kopar railway station on the Central Line.

Mumbai Suburban Railway
The Mumbai Suburban Railway (colloquially called local trains or simply locals) consists of exclusive inner suburban railway lines, augmented by commuter rail on main lines serving outlying suburbs to serve the Mumbai Metropolitan Region in India. Spread over 450 kilometres (280 mi), the suburban railway operates 2,342 train services and carries more than 7.5 million commuters daily.

The daily commuters constitute around 40% of the daily commuters of Indian Railways. By annual ridership (2.64 billion), the Mumbai Suburban Railway is one of the busiest commuter rail systems in the world.
Singaporeans in India
There is a small community of Singaporeans in India, consisting largely of expatriate professionals from Singapore and their families as well as international students at Indian universities, including the citizens of India who identify themselves to be of Singaporean descent. Most of them are Singaporeans of Indian descent along with a small number of Chinese Singaporeans working there and they live mainly in Chennai and Bangalore.

International student
International students or exchange students, also known as foreign students, are students who undertake all or part of their secondary or tertiary education in a country other than their own.

In 2022, there were over 6.9 million international students, up from 5.12 million in 2016. The most popular destinations were in the Anglosphere. Three countries in particular received 39% of international students: the United States (with 1,126,690 international students), Canada (842,760 students), and the United Kingdom (758,855 students).