hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Blanksby
James Blanksby (1857 – 5 February 1924) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Burwood in Victoria to blacksmith William Blanksby and Millicent Holmes. He was a minister in the Primitive Methodist Church. On 11 April 1883 he married Elizabeth Irvine Penman, with whom he had six children. He resigned from the ministry to unsuccessfully run for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Newcastle West at the 1894 election, finishing 3rd with a margin of 160 votes (11.8%). He ran again 1895 election, but was narrowly defeated by the Labour candidate with a margin of 12 votes (1.1%). Later that year he became the manager of the Newcastle and Country Building Society, and was appointed to the New South Wales Legislative Council. He was generally considered a Free Trader, although one with Labour sympathies. He resigned from the Council in 1901 in order to become Secretary to the Miners' Accident Relief Board, a position he held until 1920. Blanksby died in Lakemba in 1924.

Primitive Methodist Church
The Primitive Methodist Church is a Methodist Christian denomination aligned with the holiness movement. Originating in early 19th-century England as a revivalist movement within Methodism, it was heavily influenced by American evangelist Lorenzo Dow (1777–1834), whose visits inspired a return to fervent, open-air preaching.

In the United States, the Primitive Methodist Church had eighty-three parishes and 8,487 members in 1996.  In 2025, the PMC in the United States has 60 congregations across 13 eastern states.

In Great Britain and Australia, the Primitive Methodist Church merged with other denominations, to form the Methodist Church of Great Britain in 1932 and the Methodist Church of Australasia in 1902. (The latter subsequently merged into the Uniting Church in Australia in 1977.)
Auguste Götze
Auguste Götze (or Goetze; 24 February 1840 – 29 April 1908) was a German classical singer, actress, playwright, and a distinguished voice teacher. Götze was born in Weimar where she initially trained in music with her father, the tenor Franz Götze. In her later years, she had her own singing school in Leipzig as well as teaching in the conservatory there. She died in Leipzig at the age of 68 after several years of increasingly poor health.

Kammersänger
Kammersänger (male; German: [ˈkamɐˌzɛŋɐ] ⓘ) or Kammersängerin (female; German: [ˈkamɐˌzɛŋəʁɪn] ⓘ), abbreviated Ks. or KS, is a German honorific title for distinguished singers of opera and classical music. It literally means "chamber singer". Historically, the title was bestowed by princes or kings, when it was styled Hofkammersänger(in), where Hof refers to the royal court.

The title is given in Germany and in Austria usually on the recommendation of relevant national and local institutions. In East Germany, some concert halls bestowed this designation.

Similar titles are Kammerschauspieler, Staatsschauspieler, Kammermusiker, Kammervirtuose, Kammertänzer and Kammerkomponist/Kammerkompositeur.
Foolproof (Desert Dolphins song)
"Foolproof" is a song recorded by Canadian country music group Desert Dolphins. It was released in 1996 as the first single from their debut album, Hang of the Heartache. It peaked at number 10 on the RPM Country Tracks chart in October 1996.

Desert Dolphins
Desert Dolphins was a Canadian country music group. Their 1994 single "Dynamite" reached the Top 10 of the RPM Country Tracks chart. They later returned to the Top 20 with their 1996 single "Foolproof."

The band was founded in 1993 in Kitchener, Ontario. Its original lineup was Grant Heywood (lead vocals, mandolin), Peter Padalino (guitar, keyboards, vocals), Rocky Howell (guitar, vocals), and Jamie Todd (various instruments). Padalino was a former member of Major Hoople's Boarding House. By mid-1995, the lineup had changed to Heywood, Peter Beacock (keyboards), Sean Gilders (bass guitar), and Daniel Davies (guitars). Randall Prescott of the band Prescott-Brown produced their album.
Pietro Ballo
Pietro Ballo (born October 2, 1952, in Palermo) is an Italian operatic tenor singer. He came from a family of laborers, and he himself worked in a quarry in Sicily before changing his professional orientation toward music. He enrolled in the school of singing at the Teatro Massimo in Palermo, then his operatic career started near the end of the 1980s, mostly in Italy, at various opera stages as well as concert halls.

During the 1970s he moved to Milan where he made his debut in such a role as Fenton in Verdi's Falstaff. He sang then roles of Rodolfo in La Bohème, Italian singer in Der Rosenkavalier, and Roland in Esclarmonde (Teatro Massimo, January 1993). In 1996 he was awarded with Beniamino Gigli Prize.

He made an impressive American television appearance in the Luciano Pavarotti specials of the 1990s "Pavarotti + Plus" singing with Shirley Verrett among others.

Teatro Massimo
The Teatro Massimo Vittorio Emanuele is an opera house and opera company located on the Piazza Verdi in Palermo, Sicily. It was dedicated to King Victor Emanuel II.
It is the biggest in Italy, and one of the largest of Europe (at the time of its inauguration, it was - with its area of 7,730 square metres (83,200 sq ft) - the third largest opera house in Europe after the  Palais Garnier in Paris, and the K. K. Hof-Opernhaus in Vienna), renowned for its perfect acoustics.
James G. Marshall (industrialist)
James G. Marshall (August 24, 1869 –  December 28, 1960) was an American industrialist and inventor. Hailed as the "father of the covered furnace," he pioneered advancements in calcium carbide research and ferroalloys. As a co-founder of chemical company Union Carbide, Marshall held various roles throughout his lifetime, notably serving as general superintendent.

Ferroalloy
A ferroalloy is an alloy of iron with a high proportion of one or more other elements such as manganese (Mn), aluminium (Al), or silicon (Si).  They are used in the production of steels and alloys. The alloys impart distinctive qualities to steel and cast iron or serve important functions during production and are, therefore, closely associated with the iron and steel industry, the leading consumer of ferroalloys. The leading producers of ferroalloys in 2014 were China, South Africa, India, Russia and Kazakhstan, which accounted for 84% of the world production. World production of ferroalloys was estimated as 52.8 million tonnes in 2015.
Kate Hall (curator)
Kate Marion Hall FLS FZS (August 1861 – 12 April 1918) was an English museum curator, educator and writer. As the curator of the Whitechapel Museum, Hall was the first professionally employed female curator in England.

Zoological Society of London
The Zoological Society of London (ZSL) is a charity and organization devoted to the worldwide conservation of animals and their habitats. It was founded in 1826. Since 1828, it has maintained London Zoo, and since 1931 Whipsnade Zoo.
Kia and Cosmos
Kia and Cosmos is a Bengali-English whodunit drama film, directed by debutant director Sudipto Roy and produced by
Christopher Cornelsen, Pawan Kanodia and Prachi Kanodia under the banner of AVA Film Productions Pvt. Ltd. The story follows 15-year-old Kia who lives with her single mother, and her journey from Kolkata to Kalimpong to investigate the murder of a neighborhood cat named Cosmos. The film was released on 29 March 2019. The movie is loosely based on The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time novel by Mark Haddon.

Whodunit
A whodunit (less commonly spelled as whodunnit; a colloquial elision of "Who [has] done it?") is a complex plot-driven variety of detective fiction in which the puzzle regarding who committed the crime is the main focus. The reader or viewer is provided with the clues to the case, from which the identity of the perpetrator may be deduced before the story provides the revelation itself at its climax. The investigation is usually conducted by an eccentric, amateur, or semi-professional detective.
Anthony Wayne Cook Mansion
Anthony Wayne Cook Mansion is a historic home located at Cooksburg in Barnett Township, Forest County, Pennsylvania, United States. It was built in 1880, and is a three-story, irregularly shaped Queen Anne style dwelling.  It features a two-story tower, multiple dormers, a front gable, and one-story porch.  Also on the property is a contributing carriage house, ice house, and chicken coops.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Poultry farming
Poultry farming is the form of animal husbandry which raises domesticated birds such as chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese to produce meat or eggs for food. Poultry – mostly chickens – are farmed in great numbers.  More than 60 billion chickens are killed for consumption annually. Chickens raised for eggs are known as layers, while chickens raised for meat are called broilers.

In the United States, the national organization overseeing poultry production is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In the UK, the national organization is the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA).
2019 Goseong fire
The 2019 Goseong fire was a fire in Goseong County, South Korea that lasted from 4 April to 6 April, 2019. It spread to the cities of Sokcho, Inje, Donghae and Gangneung and caused two deaths, more than 30 injuries, and the evacuation of more than 4,000 residents.

The cause of the fire was an extra high-voltage wire owned by KEPCO that fell due to high winds which led to an electric arc. On April 20, 2023 KEPCO was found to be liable for the fire and ordered to pay $6.6 million (USD) to evacuees. In January 2023, seven current and former KEPCO employees were acquitted of charges related to safety failures.

The fire damaged more than 200 homes and more than 2,000 buildings causing estimated damages of $4.6 million (USD). More than 13,000 firefighters were mobilized from other parts of the country to fight the fire. 
The captain of the South Korea national football team, Heung-Min Son donated $124,600 (USD) to victims of the fire

Donghae, Gangwon
Donghae (Korean: 동해; Korean pronunciation: [to̞ŋ.ɦɛ̝], lit. 'East[ern] Sea') is a city in the state of Gangwon, South Korea. There are two major ports:  Donghae Harbor and Mukho Harbor.  The city is located on the Yeongdong Line railroad and the Donghae Expressway.  Numerous caverns are found in the city, as in neighboring Samcheok.  Hanzhong University was located here.
1771 Torghut migration
The Torghut migration or Kalmyk exodus to Dzungaria (also known as the 'Dusty trek' or the 'Torgutsky trek') was a mass migration in 1771 of the Kalmyk people, primarily Torghuts, from the Volga River region of the Russian Empire to the Dzungaria region in the Qing dynasty.

During the final conquest of Dzungaria, the Dzungar genocide resulted in the death of around 400,000 Dzungar Mongolians, or about 70% to 80% of the Dzungar population, perishing from warfare and disease. This led to the emergence of refugees in the Kalmyk Khanate, who advocated for the restoration of the Dzungar Khanate.

Mass migration
Mass migration refers to the migration of large groups of people moves from one geographical area to another. Mass migration is distinguished from individual or small-scale migration; and also from seasonal migration, which may occur on a regular basis.
Magic Lamp (film)
Magic Lamp is a 2008 Indian Malayalam-language Comedy drama film directed by K. K. Haridas and produced by Cherupuzha Jose. The film stars Jayaram in four roles, with Meena, Sangeetha, Divya Unni and Kalabhavan Mani appears in lead roles. The film has musical score by Ouseppachan. Magic Lamp is a multi-starrer comedy flick.

Meena (actress)
Meena Durairaj (born 16 September 1976), known professionally as Meena, is an Indian actress who predominantly works in South Indian films as well as Hindi cinema. She is a classical dancer. Meena has acted in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada, and Hindi films. She became one of the most sought after actresses in the South Indian film industry in the '90s. Meena is also a playback singer, TV show judge, and occasional dubbing artist. She has received numerous accolades, including two Filmfare Awards South, three Tamil Nadu State Film Awards, two Nandi Awards and two Cinema Express Awards. In 1998, she was honoured with the Kalaimamani Award by Government of Tamil Nadu.
Reality (Smooth album)
Reality is the fourth album by the American R&B singer Smooth. It was released on March 10, 1998, through Perspective Records, and contained production from Chris Stokes and the production duo Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis. It was her first album for Perspective.

Reality peaked at No. 48 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. It peaked at No. 32 on the Top Heatseekers.

The album contained Smooth's biggest hit, "Strawberries", which peaked at No. 49 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 17 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks.

Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis
James Samuel "Jimmy Jam" Harris III (born June 6, 1959) and Terry Steven Lewis (born November 24, 1956) are an American R&B/pop songwriting and record production team. Their productions have received commercial success since the 1980s with various artists, most extensively Janet Jackson. They have written 31 top ten hits in the UK and 41 in the US. In 2022, the duo were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in the Musical Excellence category.
Ruby, Washington
Ruby is an American ghost town in Okanogan County, Washington State.

Silver was discovered in 1886 on the slopes of Ruby Mountain and Peacock Hill. By 1887 a mining district was created and a camp grew up beside Salmon Creek. This camp was called Ruby, or Ruby City.

Ruby had a population of 700. By 1888, 70 buildings were located along the main street. In 1888, Ruby was briefly declared the county seat. A publication called the Ruby Miner advertised the mineral richness of the area. When the Panic of 1893 caused silver prices to plummet, Ruby was slowly abandoned, becoming, eventually, a ghost town.

Panic of 1893
The Panic of 1893 was an economic depression in the United States. It began in February 1893 and officially ended eight months later. The Panic of 1896 followed. It was the most serious economic depression in history until the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Panic of 1893 deeply affected every sector of the economy and produced political upheaval that led to a political realignment and the presidency of William McKinley.

The panic climaxed with a run on gold from the United States Treasury. Unemployment rates in many states rose above 25%, and poverty became widespread.
Western deer mouse
The western deermouse or western deer mouse (Peromyscus sonoriensis) is a rodent native to North America. It is a species of the genus Peromyscus, a closely related group of New World mice often called "deermice". It is widespread throughout the western half of the continent, mainly in areas west of the Mississippi River.

New World rats and mice
The New World rats and mice are a group of related rodents found in North and South America.  They are diverse in appearance and ecology, ranging from the tiny Baiomys to the large Kunsia. They represent one of the few examples of muroid rodents (along with the voles) in North America, and the only example of muroid rodents to have made it into South America.

The New World rats and mice are often considered part of a single subfamily, Sigmodontinae, but the recent trend among muroid taxonomists is to recognize three separate subfamilies.  This strategy better represents the extreme diversity of species numbers and ecological types.

Some molecular phylogenetic studies have suggested that the New World rats and mice are not a monophyletic group, but this is yet to be confirmed.  Their closest relatives are clearly the hamsters and voles.

The New World rats and mice are divided into 3 subfamilies, 12 tribes, and 84 genera.
Rayleigh fractionation
Rayleigh fractionation describes the evolution of a system with multiple phases in which one phase is continuously removed from the system through fractional distillation. It is used in particular to describe isotopic enrichment or depletion as material moves between reservoirs in an equilibrium process. Rayleigh fractionation holds particular importance in hydrology and meteorology as a model for the isotopic differentiation of meteoric water due to condensation.

Fractional distillation
Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions. Chemical compounds are separated by heating them to a temperature at which one or more fractions of the mixture will vaporize. It uses distillation to fractionate. Generally the component parts have boiling points that differ by less than 25 °C (45 °F) from each other under a pressure of one atmosphere. If the difference in boiling points is greater than 25 °C, a simple distillation is typically used.

A crude oil distillation unit uses fractional distillation in the process of refining crude oil.
Niyazqulular
39°15′23″N 46°57′21″E﻿ / ﻿39.25639°N 46.95583°E﻿ / 39.25639; 46.95583

Niyazqulular (Niyazgulular) is a village in the Jabrayil District of Azerbaijan. It was occupied by the Armenian forces in 1993. The Army of Azerbaijan recaptured the village on or around October 19, 2020.

Jabrayil District
Jabrayil District (Azerbaijani: Cəbrayıl rayonu) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the south-west of the country and belongs to the East Zangezur Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Khojavend, Fuzuli, Qubadli, Zangilan, and the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Its capital is Jabrayil, however since the city is completely ruined following its occupation by ethnic Armenian forces, the current de facto capital is Jojug Marjanly until Jabrayil is rebuilt. As of 2020, the district had a nominal population of 81,700.
What Do You Want from Me? (Monaco song)
"What Do You Want from Me?" is a song by New Order bassist Peter Hook's band Monaco, released as their debut single. The song is about Hook's failed relationship with comedian Caroline Aherne. Released in February 1997 from the band's debut album, Music for Pleasure (1997), the song peaked at number 11 on the UK Singles Chart and became a top-30 rock hit in both Canada and the United States. The band released two further singles from the album, but this remains the most successful. A music video was also shot for the song. The track was adopted by fans of Shelbourne F.C. in 2011.

Caroline Aherne
Caroline Mary Aherne (24 December 1963 – 2 July 2016) was an English actress, comedian, writer and director.

She was best known for performing as the acerbic chat show host Mrs Merton, in various roles in The Fast Show, and as Denise in The Royle Family (1998–2012), a series which she co-wrote. She won BAFTA awards for her work on The Mrs Merton Show and The Royle Family. Aherne narrated the Channel 4 reality television series Gogglebox from its inception in 2013 until 8 April 2016. She died of cancer at the age of 52.
Judge Dredd Megazine
Judge Dredd: The Megazine is a monthly British comic magazine, launched in September 1990. It is a sister publication to 2000 AD. Its name is a play on words, formed from "magazine" and Judge Dredd's locale Mega-City One.

Preacher (comics)
Preacher is an American comic book series published from 1995 to 2000 by Vertigo, an imprint of DC Comics.  The series was created by writer Garth Ennis and artist Steve Dillon, with painted covers by Glenn Fabry. It won the Eisner Award for Best Continuing Series in 1999.

The series consists of 75 issues in total – 66 regular, monthly issues, five one-shot specials, and a four-issue Preacher: Saint of Killers limited series. The final monthly issue, number 66, was published in October 2000, with an epilogue published in Ennis' subsequent series The Boys in February 2009. The entire run has been collected in four series of collected editions: an original nine volume run of trade paperbacks, a second run of six trade paperbacks/hardcovers, three extra oversized "Absolute Preacher" volumes, and two oversized omnibus volumes.

A television series adaptation, Preacher, aired for 43 episodes over four seasons on AMC, from 2016 to 2019.
Beit Oren
Beit Oren (Hebrew: בֵּית אֹרֶן, lit. 'Home of the Pine') is a kibbutz in northern Israel on Mount Carmel. It falls under the jurisdiction of Hof HaCarmel Regional Council. In 2023 its population was 535.

Hof HaCarmel Regional Council
Hof HaCarmel Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית חוף הכרמל, Mo'atza Azorit Hof ha-Karmel, lit. Carmel Coast Regional Council) is a regional council located in the northern Israeli coastal plain. The council serves a large area, stretching from Tirat HaCarmel in the north to Caesarea in the south. Its offices are located in Ein Carmel to the south of Haifa. The head of the council is Asif Izek, elected in 2018.
Seyi Olofinjana
Oluwaseyi George Olofinjana Listenⓘ(born 30 June 1980) is a Nigerian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

Olofinjana began his career with local sides Crown and Kwara United before moving to Europe with Norwegian side SK Brann. After two seasons at Brann he moved to English club Wolverhampton Wanderers. He became a regular at Molineux making 213 appearances for the club over four seasons before joining Premier League club Stoke City in August 2008 for a fee of £3 million. He played only the 2008–09 season with the team before joining another top flight side, Hull City, again for a fee of £3 million.

Crown F.C.
Crown Football Club is a Nigerian professional association football club based in Ogbomosho, Oyo State, that competes in the Nigeria National League. The club plays at the Lekan Salami Stadium, with a capacity of 10,000. For the 2010–11 season they played some games at the Ilaro Stadium in nearby Ogun State and returned in 2012/2013 to the Soun Stadium.
Olga Esina
Olga Esina (Ольга Есина) is a Russian ballerina who was educated at the Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet in Saint Petersburg, Russia.  In 2010, she became a First Solo Dancer at the Vienna State Ballet.

Mariinsky Theatre
The Mariinsky Theatre (Russian: Мариинский театр, romanized: Mariinskiy teatr, also transcribed as Maryinsky or Mariyinsky) is a historic opera house in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Opened in 1860, it became the preeminent music theatre of late 19th-century Russia, where many of the stage masterpieces of Tchaikovsky, Mussorgsky, and Rimsky-Korsakov received their premieres. Through most of the Soviet era, it was known as the Kirov Theatre.  Today, the Mariinsky Theatre is home to the Mariinsky Ballet, Mariinsky Opera and Mariinsky Orchestra. Since Yuri Temirkanov's retirement in 1988, the conductor Valery Gergiev has served as the theatre's general director.
Jesse Tuttle
Jesse Tuttle (also known as Hackah Jak) is an American tech consultant, Speaker, software engineer, and hacker, who is a former member of the hacking groups Hackweiser, Project China, and The Dispatchers.

Security hacker
A security hacker or security researcher is someone who explores methods for breaching or bypassing defenses and exploiting weaknesses in a computer system or network. Hackers may be motivated by a multitude of reasons, such as profit, protest, sabotage, information gathering, challenge, recreation, or evaluation of a system weaknesses to assist in formulating defenses against potential hackers.

Longstanding controversy surrounds the meaning of the term "hacker". In this controversy, computer programmers reclaim the term hacker, arguing that it refers simply to someone with an advanced understanding of computers and computer networks, and that cracker is the more appropriate term for those who break into computers, whether computer criminals (black hats) or computer security experts (white hats). A 2014 article noted that "the black-hat meaning still prevails among the general public". The subculture that has evolved around hackers is often referred to as the "computer underground".