hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Uttarānandamātā
Uttarānandamātā was a laywoman and chief disciple of the Buddha. She is foremost among women disciples in meditative absorption. She is also referred to simply as Uttarā, with "Uttarānandamātā" used to make a distinction between other disciples with the same name.

She is included in a list of eminent laywomen who observed uposatha and the eight precepts

Uposatha
An Uposatha (Pali: uposatha; Sanskrit: Upavasatha) day is a Buddhist day of observance, in existence since the Buddha's time (600 BCE), and still being kept today by Buddhist practitioners. The Buddha taught that the Uposatha day is for "the cleansing of the defiled mind," resulting in inner calm and joy. On this day, both lay and ordained members of the sangha intensify their practice, deepen their knowledge and express communal commitment through millennia-old acts of lay-monastic reciprocity. On these days, the lay followers make a conscious effort to keep the Five Precepts or (as the tradition suggests) the ten precepts. It is a day for practicing the Buddha's teachings and meditation.
Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia
Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia is a quarterly peer-reviewed open-access medical journal published by Medknow Publications on behalf of the Indian Association of Cardiovascular Thoracic Anaesthesiologists. It covers anaesthesia as related to cardiology and was established in 1998. The editor-in-chief is Prabhat Tewari (Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences), who succeeded Poonam Malhotra Kapoor (All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi) in 2018. Kapoor caused controversy when she published an editorial touting the accomplishments of the journal. Although Kapoor published a correction, her successor accused her of having "glorified" her contributions, "undermining the efforts of the past editors" of the journal, and the editorial was subsequently retracted.

Medknow Publications
Medknow Publications also known as Wolters Kluwer Medknow or simply Medknow, is a publisher of academic journals on behalf of learned societies and associations. Previously an independent Indian publisher, Medknow is now part of Wolters Kluwer's Health Division, under Wolters Kluwer India.

Medknow is not a member of the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association. Some, but not all of its journals are listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals. The publisher briefly appeared on Beall's list in 2011, but was taken down, being described as "[a] publisher for many well-respected Indian professional societies and is disseminating abundant, high-quality research."
Christopher P. Atwood
Christopher Pratt Atwood is an American scholar of Mongolian and Chinese history. Currently the Chair of the University of Pennsylvania's East Asian Languages and Civilizations Department, he has authored six books and published more than 100 articles on a wide variety of topics. Historian Timothy May described him as a leading scholar of Mongolian studies in Western Hemisphere.

Atwood is a recipient of the Order of the Polar Star, awarded by the President of Mongolia and Onon Prize, awarded by the University of Cambridge Mongolia and Inner Asia Studies Unit, and holds honorary doctorates from the Mongolian Academy of Sciences and the National University of Mongolia.

Mongolian Academy of Sciences
The Mongolian Academy of Sciences (MAS; Mongolian: Монгол улсын Шинжлэх ухааны Академи, Mongol ulsyn Shinjlekh ukhaany Akademi) is Mongolia's first centre of modern sciences. It came into being in 1921 when the government of newly
independent Mongolia issued a resolution declaring the establishment of "The Institute of Literature and Scripts", which was later upgraded into "The Institute of Sciences" and "The Institute of Sciences and Higher Education". In 1961, it was finally reorganized as "The Mongolian Academy of Sciences" MAS. At present there are 14 research institutes and two affiliated academies under MAS.
...And Mother Makes Three
...And Mother Makes Three is a British sitcom shown on ITV from 27 April 1971 to 27 June 1973. Starring Wendy Craig, it was written by Peter Buchanan, Peter Robinson, Richard Waring and Carla Lane. It was made for the ITV network by Thames Television.

Carla Lane
Romana Barrack (5 August 1928 – 31 May 2016), known by the pseudonym Carla Lane, was an English screenwriter and animal rights campaigner. Lane was known for creating or co-creating successful British sitcoms such as The Liver Birds (1969–1979), Butterflies (1978–1983), and Bread (1986–1991).

Described as "the television writer who dared to make women funny", much of Lane's work focused on strong female characters, including "frustrated housewives and working class matriarchs".
Kenneth Waltzer
Kenneth Alan "Kenny" Waltzer is an American historian and educator, formerly director of the Jewish Studies program at Michigan State University (MSU). His research on the Buchenwald concentration camp has focused on the rescue of children and youths inside the camp and has included some notable findings.

Jewish studies
Jewish studies (Hebrew: מדעי היהדות, romanized: madʿê ha-yahadut, lit. 'sciences of Judaism'), or Judaic studies, is an academic discipline centered on the study of Jews and Judaism. Jewish studies is interdisciplinary and combines aspects of history (especially Jewish history), Middle Eastern studies, Asian studies, Oriental studies, religious studies, archeology, sociology, languages (Jewish languages), political science, area studies, women's studies, and ethnic studies. Jewish studies as a distinct field is mainly present at colleges and universities in North America.

Related fields include Holocaust research and Israel studies, and in Israel, Jewish thought. Bar-Ilan University has the world's largest school of Jewish studies, while Harvard University was the first American university, and perhaps the first in the world, to appoint a full-time scholar of Judaica to its faculty.
Alpine skiing at the 1972 Winter Olympics – Women's slalom
The Women's slalom competition of the 1972 Winter Olympics at Sapporo, Japan, was held at Teine on Friday, February 11.

The defending world champion was Ingrid Lafforgue of France, while her sister Britt Lafforgue was the defending World Cup downhill champion and France's Françoise Macchi led the 1972 World Cup.

Barbara Cochran was the winner, edging Danièle Debernard by a scant two hundredths of a second; the two had the  fastest times in both runs and were well ahead of the field. It was the first gold medal for the United States in alpine skiing in twenty years.

Alpine skiing at the 1952 Winter Olympics
At the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo, Norway, the six alpine skiing events were held from Thursday, 14 February, to Wednesday, 20 February. The downhill and giant slalom events were held at Norefjell in Krødsherad, Buskerud, and the slalom events at Rødkleiva in Oslo.

The giant slalom made its Olympic debut, and the combined event was dropped as an Olympic medal event for four decades, until 1988.  It returned as a medal event at the World Championships two years later in 1954, and for the concurrent World Championships in Olympic years from 1956 through 1980. For fourteen World Championships (1954–1980), the combined was a "paper race," using the results from the three events (and required the completion of each).
Rae Hendrie
Rae Hendrie (born 30 November 1976) is a Scottish casting director and former actress. As an actress, she was known for her role as Jess Mackenzie in the BBC TV series Monarch of the Glen.

As a child, she sang in classical concerts. She later sang in her role on Monarch of the Glen. Prior to being cast in Monarch, Rae was a London classroom assistant working with children with special education needs. She also appeared in an episode of Taggart in 2002, playing Sadie McPhail, and in 2006 had a role in EastEnders playing Briony Campbell.

Hendrie has worked for more than a decade as a casting director, across projects such as Hotel Portofino, Bookish, The Couple Next Door, Moonflower Murders, Suspect, Patience, Trigger Point and Industry (for which she shared the 2021 RTS Award for Best Casting with Julie Harkin).

Suspect (TV series)
Suspect is a British crime drama television series. Adapted by Matt Baker, it is based on the Danish series Face to Face (Danish: Forhøret), which was created by Christoffer Boe. Suspect premiered on 19 June 2022 on Channel 4.

It was commissioned for a second series, with Baker being replaced as writer by Joy Wilkinson and David Allison. That series began broadcast on 17 July 2024.
Zayn al-Din Ali ibn Naja
Zayn al-Din Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn Naja was a Sunni Muslim preacher and close friend of Saladin.

Born in Damascus, Zayn al-Din was a jurist who belonged to the Hanbali school of Sunni Islam. In 1164, he participated in negotiations between Saladin's uncle Shirkuh, and Sunni Egyptian jurists on the overthrow of the Isma'ili Fatimid Caliphate.

According to some accounts, he was involved in, and betrayed, a conspiracy aimed against Saladin by Fatimid sympathizers in 1174, although it is possible that he acted all along as Saladin's agent and agent provocateur. He reportedly received all possessions and treasure of one of the ringleaders, the Isma'ili missionary (da'i) and former chief qadi of the Fatimid Caliphate, Hibatallah ibn Kamil al-Mufaddal, as a reward.

After the capture of Jerusalem from the Crusaders in 1187, Saladin chose Zayn al-Din to be one of the first to hold prayers there.

Shirkuh
Asad ad-Dīn Shīrkūh bin Shādhī (Arabic: أسد الدين شيركوه بن شاذي, romanized: ʾasad al-Dīn Šērkōh bin Šāḏī; Kurdish: ئەسەدەدین شێرکۆ، شێرگوێ, romanized: Esed El-Dîn Şêrko, Şêrgûh), (died 23 March 1169) was a Kurdish mercenary commander in service of the Zengid dynasty, then the Fatimid Caliphate and uncle of Saladin. His military and diplomatic efforts in Egypt were a key factor in establishing the Ayyubid dynasty in that country.
Forough Alaei
Forough Alaei (Persian: فروغ علائی; born 1989) is an Iranian documentary photographer and photojournalist. Her work focuses on women’s rights, youth culture, and social justice in Iran. She is a recipient of the World Press Photo Award and Getty Images Editorial Grant.. Her photographs have been published in TIME, National Geographic and The New Yorker.

Documentary photography
Documentary photography usually refers to a popular form of photography used to chronicle events or environments both significant and relevant to history and historical events as well as everyday life. It is typically undertaken as professional photojournalism, or real-life reportage, but it may also be an amateur, artistic, or academic pursuit. Social documentary photography aims to draw the public's attention to social issues or to the life of underprivileged people.
El Cerrito, New Mexico
El Cerrito is a village in San Miguel County, New Mexico, United States.  The village is located in the upper Pecos River valley and was founded in 1824 by settlers from Villanueva, 5 kilometres (3.1 miles) upstream.  The majority of the population is Hispanic.

Since 1939, El Cerrito has been the subject of several academic studies and books.  Its prominence is due to the isolation of the village from major transportation routes and population centers and its Hispanic culture.

Pecos River
The Pecos River (/ˈpeɪkəs/ PAY-kəs; Spanish: Río Pecos) originates in north-central New Mexico and flows into Texas, emptying into the Rio Grande. Its headwaters are on the eastern slope of the Sangre de Cristo mountain range in Mora County north of Pecos, New Mexico, at an elevation of over 12,000 feet (3,700 m). The river flows for 926 miles (1,490 km) before reaching the Rio Grande near Del Rio. Its drainage basin encompasses about 44,300 square miles (115,000 km2).

The name "Pecos" [p'æyok'ona], derives from the Keresan (Native American language) term for the Pecos Pueblo, c[p'æyok'ona].  The river was also historically referred to as the Río Natagés for the Mescalero people.
LNER internal combustion locomotives
The London and North Eastern Railway used a few petrol and diesel locomotives.  These included the LNER Class Y11 petrol locomotives, the diesel shunters which later became British Rail Class D3/9 and British Rail Class D3/14 and the Kitson-Still steam diesel hybrid locomotive. During the 1930s, Armstrong Whitworth supplied an experimental 1-Co-1 diesel-electric locomotive and several diesel-electric railcars. In the 1940s, the LNER had twenty-five 1,600 hp main-line diesel locomotives on order. These would have been similar to the British Rail Class D16/1 and British Rail Class D16/2 but the order was cancelled after nationalisation in 1948.

British Rail Class D16/1
LMS No. 10000 and 10001 were some of the first mainline diesel locomotives built in Great Britain. They were built in association with English Electric by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at its Derby Works, using an English Electric 1,600 hp diesel engine, generator and electrics.

Under British Railways, the locomotives became British Railways Class D16/1; they were initially operated primarily on mainline express passenger services on former LMS lines, both in single and in multiple. In 1953, they were transferred to the Southern Region for comparison with Bulleid's British Rail Class D16/2 diesel locomotives.

Both locomotives were withdrawn and scrapped in the 1960s.
1921 Auckland East by-election
The 1921 Auckland East by-election was a by-election in the New Zealand electorate of Auckland East, an urban seat at the top of the North Island.

The by-election was held on 2 December 1921, and was precipitated by the resignation of sitting Liberal member of parliament and former Mayor of Auckland, Arthur Myers.

New Zealand electorates
An electorate or electoral district (Māori: rohe pōti) is a geographic constituency used for electing a member (MP) to the New Zealand Parliament. The size of electorates is determined such that all electorates have approximately the same electoral population.

Before 1996, all MPs were directly chosen for office by the voters of an electorate. Thereafter, New Zealand's electoral system provides that some (in practice, the majority) of the usually 120 seats in Parliament are filled by electorate representatives with the remainder being filled from party lists in order to achieve proportional representation among parties. The number of electorates changes periodically, in line with national population growth. Starting from the 2020 general election, there are 72 electorates including the Māori electorates.
Étienne van Zuylen van Nyevelt
Étienne Gustave Frédéric, 3rd Baron van Zuylen van Nyevelt van de Haar (16 October 1860 – 8 May 1934), was a Dutch-Belgian banker, businessman, philanthropist, equestrian and car enthusiast. He was a founding member of the Automobile Club de France, serving as the organisation's first president, and was the first president of the Association Internationale des Automobile Clubs Reconnus (AIACR, later known as the FIA).

Car club
A car club or automotive enthusiast community is a group of people who share a common interest in motor vehicles. Car clubs are typically organized by enthusiasts around the type of vehicle (e.g. Chevrolet Corvette, Ford Mustang), brand (e.g. Jeep), or similar interest (e.g. off-roading). Traditional car clubs were off-line organizations, but automotive on-line communities have flourished on the internet.
Lexington and Covington Turnpike Toll House
Lexington and Covington Turnpike Toll House is a historic toll house located at Lexington, Virginia.  The original section was built about 1834, as a two-room brick structure.  A board-and-batten frame was added between 1865 and 1867.  Two additional rooms were added to the original structure in the 1870s, forming a "U"-shape.  In 1887, a Victorian style front porch was added to the original brick structure.  The house was sheathed in weatherboard in 1904, and an addition filling in the "U" was added. The house was rehabilitated between 1997 and 2004. Also on the property are the contributing ruins of a spring house.  The building housed a toll house into the 1850s, then became a dwelling.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Lexington, Virginia
Lexington is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 7,320. It is the county seat of Rockbridge County, although the two are separate jurisdictions, and is combined with it for statistical purposes by the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Lexington is within the Shenandoah Valley about 57 miles (92 km) east of the West Virginia border and is about 50 miles (80 km) north of Roanoke, Virginia. First settled in 1778, Lexington is best known as the home of the Virginia Military Institute and Washington and Lee University.
2004 Finnish Cup
The 2004 Finnish Cup (Finnish: Suomen Cup) was the 50th season of the main annual association football cup competition in Finland. It was organised as a single-elimination knock–out tournament and participation in the competition was voluntary.  A total of 386 teams registered for the competition.  The final was held at the Finnair Stadium, Helsinki on 30 October 2004 with MyPa defeating FC Hämeenlinna by 2-1 before an attendance of 2,650 spectators.

Finnish Cup
The Finnish Cup (Finnish: Suomen cup; Swedish: Finlands cup) is Finland's main national cup competition in football. This yearly competition is open for all member clubs of the FA of Finland and has been played since 1955.

The winner qualifies for the UEFA Europa Conference League.
Med Maud over Polhavet
Med Maud over Polhavet is a Norwegian documentary film from 1926, directed by Odd Dahl.

The film's maker, photographer and air force officer Odd Dahl, sailed aboard the ship Maud for two years from 1922 and filmed the crew on board as they travelled through the unexplored Arctic.  Odd Dahl filmed the scientific work and many critical situations the crew faced on the ice.

By this time, the Maud expedition's former leader Roald Amundsen had left, and was engaged in his aerial expeditions to the North Pole.

The crew consisted of:

Oscar Wisting, Captain

Harald Ulrik Sverdrup, oceanographer

Odd Dahl, airman, photographer

Finn Malmgren, meteorologist

Gennady Olonkin, telegraphist

Søren Syvertsen, machinist (died 1923)

Karl Hansen, handyman

Kakot, handyman from Siberia

The film had its premiere at the Victoria Teater in Oslo on 17 May 1926, but was it previewed the day before with a lecture at the University of Oslo.

Gennady Olonkin
Gennady Nikitich Olonkin (Russian: Геннадий Никитич Олонкин, Norwegian: Gennadij Nikititsj Olonkin) (September 10, 1898 – September 15, 1960) was a Russian-Norwegian polar explorer, telegraphist and radio operator.
September 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
September 21 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - September 23

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on October 5 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For September 22nd, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on September 9.

Emmeram of Regensburg
Saint Emmeram of Regensburg (also Emeram(m)us, Emmeran, Emmerano, Emeran, Heimrammi, Haimeran, or Heimeran) was a Christian bishop and a martyr born in Poitiers, Aquitaine. Having heard of idolatry in Bavaria, Emmeram travelled to Ratisbon (Regensburg) some time after the year 649 to the court of Theodo I, Duke of Bavaria. He supposedly travelled up the Loire, crossed through the Black Forest and then followed the Danube to Regensburg. Theodo welcomed Emmeram to his court, where he laboured for three years carrying out missionary work. During this time, he gained a reputation as a pious man. He died circa 652 and is buried in St. Emmeram's in Regensburg, Germany. His feast day in the Catholic Calendar of saints is September 22.
The Drink
The Drink is an English odd dark folk pop band based in London, England. Made up of Dearbhla Minogue, David Stewart and Daniel Fordham, they formed in late 2011 when Dearbhla recruited Daniel and David after their former band Fighting Kites split as she had got to know them whilst living above their rehearsal space. Their first record, Company, was released in 2014. The group's second album Capital was released in November 2015. The album received praise from The Guardian and The Line of Best Fit and was supported with session for Marc Riley on BBC Radio 6 Music.

The Drink have performed with groups like Frog, Field Music, Darren Hayman and the Long Parliament, and The Wave Pictures, in addition to playing festival slots for events like End of the Road Festival and Green Man Festival.

Green Man Festival
The Green Man Festival is an independent music, science and arts festival held annually in mid-August in the Brecon Beacons, Wales. Green Man has evolved into a 25,000 capacity week long event, showcasing predominantly live music (in particular alternative, indie, rock, folk, dance and Americana). The festival site is divided into 10 areas, hosting literature, film, comedy, science, theatre, wellness and family acts.

The festival has expanded into other ventures, including setting up a charitable wing called the Green Man Trust and launching its own beer range called Green Man Growler. Previous headliners have included Kraftwerk, Bicep, Laura Marling, Van Morrison, Michael Kiwanuka, PJ Harvey, Fontaines D.C, Devo, Fleet Foxes and First Aid Kit.
Presidency of Jomo Kenyatta
The presidency of Jomo Kenyatta began on 12 December 1964, when Jomo Kenyatta was named as the 1st president of Kenya, and ended on 22 August 1978 upon his death. Jomo Kenyatta, a KANU member, took office following the formation of the republic of Kenya after independence following his efforts during the fight for Independence. Four years later, in the 1969 elections, he was the sole candidate and was elected unopposed for a second term in office. In 1974, he was re-elected for a third term. Although the post of President of Kenya was due to be elected at the same time as the National Assembly, Jomo Kenyatta was the sole candidate and was automatically elected without a vote being held. He died on 22 August 1978 while still in office and was succeeded by Daniel arap Moi.

1974 Kenyan general election
General elections were held in Kenya on 14 October 1974. At the time, the country was a de facto one-party state with the Kenya African National Union being the sole party to participate in the election. 740 KANU candidates stood for the 158 National Assembly seats, with 88 incumbents (including four ministers) defeated. Voter turnout was 56.5%. Although the post of President of Kenya was due to be elected at the same time as the National Assembly, Jomo Kenyatta was the sole candidate and was automatically elected without a vote being held. Following the election, a further 12 members were appointed by Kenyatta.
Oscar Eklund
Oscar Eklund (born August 27, 1988) is a Swedish professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing with Södertälje SK of the HockeyAllsvenskan (Allsv).

Eklund had previously played with the Oulun Kärpät in the SM-Liiga. He also has presented HIFK in Finnish Liiga.

HIFK Hockey
HIFK Hockey (a traditional abbreviation of the Swedish name Idrottsföreningen Kamraterna, Helsingfors, English: "Sporting Society Comrades, Helsinki") is a professional ice hockey team based in Helsinki, Finland that plays in the SM-liiga, the sport's top-level league in Finland. The team plays at Helsinki Ice Hall.