hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
California Historical Landmarks in Lake County
This list includes properties and districts listed on the California Historical Landmark listing in Lake County, California. Click the "Map of all coordinates" link to the right to view a Google map of all properties and districts with latitude and longitude coordinates in the table below.

Lake County, California
Lake County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 68,163. The county seat is Lakeport. The county takes its name from Clear Lake, the dominant geographic feature in the county and the largest non-extinct natural lake wholly within California. (Lake Tahoe is partially in Nevada; the Salton Sea was formed by flooding; Tulare Lake was drained by the agricultural industry.)

Lake County forms the Clearlake, California micropolitan statistical area. It is directly north of the San Francisco Bay Area.

Lake County is part of California's Wine Country, which also includes Napa, Sonoma, and Mendocino counties. It includes nine American Viticultural Areas and around 20 bonded wineries.
Borno State University
Borno State University is Borno State government-owned university located Maiduguri, northeast Nigeria. It was established in 2016. It has five faculties with over 20 departments. The pioneer and current vice chancellor of the university is Prof. Umar Kyari Sandabe. In June 2021, the university's senate building was inaugurated by Muhammadu Buhari, the president of Nigeria. The institution's pioneer Vice-Chancellor was Prof. Umar Kyari Sandabe. In October 2024, Prof. Babagana Gutti was appointed as the substantive Vice-Chancellor.

In January 2025, Gov. Babagana Zulum of Borno State approved the renaming of the institution to Kashim Ibrahim University, Maiduguri, to honour the first Northern Nigeria’s first Governor, Sir Kashim Ibrahim.

Babagana Zulum
Babagana Umara Zulum CON mni (born 25 August 1969) is a Nigerian professor and politician who has served as governor of Borno State since 2019 under the platform of the All Progressives Congress (APC).
Diaeretiella
Diaeretiella rapae is a species of cosmopolitan parasitoid wasp. It parasitizes many species of aphids, but especially the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae. It is the only species in the genus Diaeretiella.

Other host aphids include Aphis craccivora, Aphis fabae, Aphis gossypii, Aphis nasturtii, Aphis pomi, Aphis rumicis, Brachycolus asparagi, Brachycaudus helichrysi, Brachycaudus rumexicolens, Capitophonis, Dactynotus sp., Diuraphis noxius, Hayhurstia atriplicis, Hyadaphis foeniculi, Lipaphis erysimi, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Myzus certus, Myzus persicae, Protaphis sp., Rhopalosiphum fitchii, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rhopalosiphum padi and Schizaphis graminum.

Aphis pomi
Aphis pomi, commonly known as the apple aphid (the literal meaning of its binomial name), or the green apple aphid, is a true bug in the family Aphididae. It is found on young growth of apple trees and on other members of the rose family where it feeds by sucking sap. Reproduction is mainly by parthenogenesis, in which unmated females give birth to live young.
Jussi Oksanen
Jussi Oksanen (born 9 May 1979) is a Finnish former snowboarder. He competed in the men's halfpipe event at the 1998 Winter Olympics.

His son Gabriel Oksanen is a professional football player for Finnish club SJK and for Finland youth national teams.

Seinäjoen Jalkapallokerho
Seinäjoen Jalkapallokerho, commonly referred to as SJK, also internationally SJK Seinäjoki, is a Finnish professional football club from the city of Seinäjoki. The club plays in the Veikkausliiga, the highest tier of the Finnish league system. Their home ground is OmaSP Stadion, which is located near the city center and next to SJK's training facility Wallsport. SJK was formed in 2007 after the merger of TP-Seinäjoki and Sepsi-78. After starting in the third-tier, the club won the promotion to Veikkausliiga in 2014, and the next year won its first Finnish championship title.
Victoria Vikes
The Victoria Vikes are the athletic teams that represent the University of Victoria of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada in both men's and women's U Sports. Vikes was previously a longstanding nickname for both the men's teams (previously the Vikings) and women's teams (previously the Vikettes) until it was officially adopted as the teams' name in 1989.

U Sports
U Sports (stylized as U SPORTS) is the national sport governing body for universities in Canada, comprising the majority of degree-granting universities in the country and four regional conferences: Ontario University Athletics (OUA), Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec (RSEQ), Canada West (CW), and Atlantic University Sport (AUS). The equivalent body for organized sports at colleges in Canada is the Canadian Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). Some institutions are members of both bodies for different sports.
Cobden, New Zealand
Cobden is a suburb to the north of Greymouth on the West Coast of New Zealand. The Grey River separates Cobden from the rest of Greymouth. To the north is the Rapahoe Range, also called the Twelve Apostles Range. State Highway 6 skirts the south-eastern edge of Cobden.

During the period, 1853 to 1876, Cobden was administrated as part of the Nelson Province.

Nelson Province
Nelson Province was constituted in 1853 under the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852, and originally covered the entire upper South Island, including all of present-day Buller, Kaikoura, Marlborough, and Tasman districts, along with Nelson City, Grey District north of the Grey River, and the Hurunui District north of the Hurunui River. It was reduced in size by Marlborough Province splitting off in November 1859. It was abolished in 1876, along with all the provinces of New Zealand.
11th Corps (People's Republic of China)
The 11th Corps (later the 11th Army Corps) (Chinese: 第11军) was a military formation of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. It was active from 1949 to 1952, with a six month break; and from 1969 to the end of 1985. It is currently inactive. In 1979 the corps took part in the Sino-Vietnamese War. In 1984 it again fought in Vietnam. It was stationed in the Kunming Military Region.

People's Volunteer Army
The People's Volunteer Army (PVA), officially the Chinese People's Volunteers (CPV), was the armed expeditionary forces deployed by the People's Republic of China during the Korean War. Although all units in the PVA were actually transferred from the People's Liberation Army (PLA) under the orders of Chairman Mao Zedong, the PVA was separately constituted in order to prevent an official war with the United States. The PVA entered Korea on 19 October 1950 and completely withdrew by October 1958. The nominal commander and political commissar of the PVA was Peng Dehuai before the ceasefire agreement in 1953, although both Chen Geng and Deng Hua served as the acting commander and commissar after April 1952 following Peng's illness. The initial (25 October – 5 November 1950) units in the PVA included 38th, 39th, 40th, 42nd, 50th, 66th Corps; totalling 250,000 men. About 3 million Chinese civilian and military personnel had served in Korea throughout the war.
Anna Gyarmati
Anna Gyarmati (born 1993) is a Hungarian snowboarder. She competed at the FIS Freestyle Ski and Snowboarding World Championships 2015, where she qualified for the slopestyle final, and placed sixth in the final.

Snowboarding
Snowboarding is a recreational and competitive activity that involves descending a snow-covered surface while standing on a snowboard that is always attached to a rider's feet. It features in the Winter Olympic Games and Winter Paralympic Games.

Snowboarding was developed in the United States, inspired by skiing and skateboarding, which itself was inspired by surfing. Snowboarding became popular around the world in the late 20th century and was introduced as a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014. As of 2015, its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.
Phytophthora megakarya
Phytophthora megakarya is an oomycete plant pathogen that causes black pod disease in cocoa trees in west and central Africa. This pathogen can cause detrimental loss of yield in the economically important cocoa industry, worth approximately $70 billion annually. It can damage any part of the tree, causing total yield losses which can easily reach 20-25%. A mixture of chemical and cultural controls, as well as choosing resistant plant varieties, are often necessary to control this pathogen.

Plant disease
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Not included are ectoparasites like insects, mites, vertebrates, or other pests that affect plant health by eating plant tissues and causing injury that may admit plant pathogens. The study of plant disease is called plant pathology.
Comparison of C Sharp and Java
This article compares two programming languages: C# with Java. While the focus of this article is mainly the languages and their features, such a comparison will necessarily also consider some features of platforms and libraries.

C# and Java are similar languages that are typed statically, strongly, and manifestly. Both are object-oriented, and designed with semi-interpretation or runtime just-in-time compilation, and both are curly brace languages, like C and C++.

Manifest typing
In computer science, manifest typing is explicit identification by the software programmer of the type of each variable being declared. For example: if variable X is going to store integers then its type must be declared as integer. The term "manifest typing" is often used with the term latent typing to describe the difference between the static, compile-time type membership of the object and its run-time type identity.

In contrast, some programming languages use implicit typing (a.k.a. type inference) where the type is deduced from context at compile-time or allow for dynamic typing in which the variable is just declared and may be assigned a value of any type at runtime.

It's important to know the difference between manifest/implicit typing and static/dynamic typing. The first one describes how the variables (and it's types) are defined, while the second describes whether the language checks the types at compile or execution time.
Nikon AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor 18-300mm f/3.5-6.3G ED VR
The 18-300mm f/3.5–6.3G lens (not to be confused with the 18-300mm  f/3.5–5.6G lens) is a telephoto superzoom lens manufactured by Nikon for its line of DX DSLR cameras.

As with other DX format lenses, the smaller image circle makes it compatible only with APS-C-sized image sensors. If used on a 35mm film SLR, vignetting will occur; however, the lens can be used on an FX DSLR because the camera can be automatically or manually set "DX Crop Mode", eliminating vignette, but also reducing the image area from an FX-size sensor to a DX-size sensor

The lens is designed to be an all-in-one solution. This lens does not replace the 18-300mm f/3.5–5.6G.

The differences between the lens and the 18-300mm f/3.5–5.6G are as follows:

Since it has the same focal length as the f/3.5–5.6G, it shares the record of having the largest zoom range of any other lens (interchangeable camera lenses only) currently manufactured.

Full-frame DSLR
A full-frame DSLR is a digital single-lens reflex camera (DSLR) with a 35 mm image sensor format (36 mm × 24 mm). Historically, 35 mm was one of the standard film formats, alongside larger ones, such as medium format and large format. Many digital cameras, both compact and SLR models, use a smaller-than-35 mm frame as it is easier and cheaper to manufacture imaging sensors at a smaller size. Historically, the earliest digital SLR models, such as the Nikon NASA F4 or Kodak DCS 100, also used a smaller sensor.

Kodak states that 35 mm film (note: in "Academy format", 21.0 mm × 15.2 mm) has the equivalent of 6K horizontal resolution, according to a senior vice president of IMAX. This equates to 10K horizontal resolution in full-frame size.
Danielz v De Wet
In Danielz v De Wet, an important case in the South African law of succession, Danielz was the executor of De Wet's estate.  Danielz sought an order declaring the deceased's widow (the sole nominated beneficiary) unworthy of inheriting.  The reason for this was that the widow had hired an accomplice to assault the deceased and as a result of the assault, the deceased died.

The widow claimed that she had only hired an accomplice to assault the deceased and not to kill him, but both were found guilty of murder.

The court considered the question of whether the bloedige hand principle could be extended to cover insurance benefits owing to a nominated beneficiary.

The court held that public policy dictates that the principle should not be limited and accordingly extended its application to the statute.

Estate (law)
In common law, an estate is a living or deceased person's net worth. It is the sum of a person's assets; their legal rights, interests, and entitlements to property of any kind, minus all of their liabilities at a given time. The issue is of special legal significance on a question of bankruptcy and death of the person. (See inheritance.)

Depending on the particular context, the term is also used in reference to an estate in land or of a particular kind of property (such as real estate or personal estate). The term is also used to refer to the sum of a person's assets only.

The equivalent in civil law legal systems is patrimony.
Luwang Ningthou Punshiba
Luwang Ningthou Punshiba, shortly known as Luwang Punshiba (Old Manipuri: Luwang Punshipa), is a king of the Luwang dynasty of Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak) civilization. He is best known as god of wisdom an had a long life  in Manipuri folklore and history of Manipur.

According to the Hijan Hirao and the Hirol, he is the originator of the Hiyang Tannaba (boat race) with the invention of the Hiyang Hiren (traditional boat).

Some historians opined that Luwang Ningthou Punshiba is the fourth descendant of Poireiton and he has nine wives.
Regarding relationship with the Meitei kings of the Ningthouja dynasty, Punshiba gave training of state craft and the art of governance to Naothingkhong (663 AD-763 AD) when he was a prince. Besides, the great-grandson of Luwang Ningthou Punshiba (from his first wife) married Meitei king Naothingkhong's's daughter.

However, he is also considered as a mythological divine figure in some literary works.

Hiyang Tannaba
Hiyang Tannaba (Meitei: ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯡ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕ, lit. 'boat race') is a traditional boat race ceremony performed in Manipur, India as a part of the religious festival of Lai Haraoba. It is generally organized in the month of November at many places including Thangapat (moat). The boats called Hiyang Hiren are regarded as invested with spiritual powers and the game is associated with religious rites. The Meiteis believe that the worship of the Hiyang Hiren will bring protection from evil spirits.

The Hiyang Tannaba festival has been celebrated since the time of Nongda Lairen Pakhangba (c. 33 AD) in Kangleipak kingdom.
Trimethylsilyl acetate
Trimethylsilyl acetate, also known as TMSOAc, is an organosilicon compound with the chemical formula CH3COOSi(CH3)3. It is a colorless liquid. It is the silyl ester analog of tert-butyl acetate, having a trimethylsilyl group −Si(CH3)3 in place of the tert-butyl group −C(CH3)3.

Trimethylsilyl group
The trimethylsilyl group (–Si(CH3)3, abbreviated TMS) is a functional group in organic chemistry. This group consists of three methyl groups bonded to a silicon atom, which is in turn bonded to the rest of a molecule. This structural group is characterized by chemical inertness and a large molecular volume.  
Compounds with trimethylsilyl groups are not normally found in nature, but have applications in chemical synthesis and analysis.
Villeneuve VD railway station
Villeneuve VD railway station (French: Gare de Villeneuve VD) is a railway station in the municipality of Villeneuve, in the Swiss canton of Vaud. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Simplon line of Swiss Federal Railways. The station is one city block east of the Villeneuve ferry terminal, with service to various destinations on Lake Geneva.

Simplon Railway
The Simplon Railway is a line that links Lausanne in Switzerland and Domodossola in Italy, via Brig. The 20 km (12 mi)-long Simplon Tunnel (opened in 1906) is a major part of it. The line between Lausanne and Vallorbe is sometimes considered to form part of the line, making it 233 km (145 mi) long.

Together with the Lötschberg Railway to its north, it forms the second most important trans-Alpine railway line in Switzerland after the Gotthard Railway, which lies to its east and is about 240 km (150 mi) long.

ETCS level 2 is expected to be installed on the line between Lausanne and Brig before 2022.
Given Lubinda
Given Lubinda is a Zambian politician who served in the Cabinet of Zambia as Minister of Justice, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Information and Broadcasting Services and Minister of Agriculture. He was the Member of Parliament in the National Assembly of Zambia for Kabwata Constituency in Lusaka District from 2001 to 2021. Lubinda is of mixed-race parentage. He is the current acting President of the Patriotic Front having been appointed to the position by former President Edgar Lungu.

In January 2012 he bungee-jumped from the Victoria Falls bridge to restore confidence in the jump arrangements after Australian Erin Langworthy's rope broke during her jump. He has offered to jump again with Langworthy.

Bungee jumping
Bungee jumping (/ˈbʌndʒi/), also spelled bungy jumping, is an activity that involves a person jumping from a great height while connected to a large elastic cord. The launching pad is usually erected on a tall structure such as a building or crane, a bridge across a deep ravine, or on a natural geographic feature such as a cliff. It is also possible to jump from a type of aircraft that has the ability to hover above the ground, such as a hot-air-balloon or helicopter. The thrill comes from the free-falling and the rebound. When the person jumps, the cord stretches and the jumper flies upwards again as the cord recoils, and continues to oscillate up and down until all the kinetic energy is dissipated.
Demetrius of Bulgaria
Demetrius (Church Slavonic: Димитрїи Блъгарьскъ Bulgarian: Димитрий Български) was the second Patriarch of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church and the first one to have been recognized by the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople as a result of the Byzantine–Bulgarian Treaty of 927, which affirmed the Bulgarian victory in the War of 913–927 against the Byzantine Empire. Demetrius headed the Bulgarian Patriarchate in the first years of the reign of emperor Peter I (r. 927–969).

Demetrius was mentioned as the second Patriarch of Bulgaria in the Book of Boril, written in 1211. It is likely that Demetrius resided in the city of Drastar on the river Danube rather than in the capital of the Bulgarian Empire Preslav. He was succeeded by Sergius.

Book of Boril
The Book of Boril or Boril Synodic (Bulgarian: Борилов синодик) is a medieval Bulgarian book from the beginning of the 13th century.
It is an important source for the history of the Bulgarian Empire.

The book was written in conjunction with the Synod of Tarnovo (1211) convoked by tsar Boril against the Bogomils in 1211. Later additions and editions were made, dated at the end of XIV c.
Thomas F. McManus
Thomas Francis McManus (September 11, 1856 – November 14, 1938) was a fish merchant who became a naval architect, who introduced a shortened bowsprit and long stern overhang to make his vessels faster.: p7  He was well known for revolutionizing the Gloucester fishing schooner. He made the fastest vessels of their type in the world, and was honored on two continents for his skill as a naval architect. He became known as the "Father of the Fishermen's Races." 500 fishing schooners used his designs to improve speed. He was a friend of Sir Thomas Lipton and President Theodore Roosevelt.

Naval architecture
Naval architecture, or naval engineering, is an engineering discipline incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software and safety engineering as applied to the engineering design process, shipbuilding, maintenance, and operation of marine vessels and structures. Naval architecture involves basic and applied research, design, development, design evaluation (classification) and calculations during all stages of the life of a marine vehicle. Preliminary design of the vessel, its detailed design, construction, trials, operation and maintenance, launching and dry-docking are the main activities involved. Ship design calculations are also required for ships being modified (by means of conversion, rebuilding, modernization, or repair). Naval architecture also involves formulation of safety regulations and damage-control rules and the approval and certification of ship designs to meet statutory and non-statutory requirements.
Higor Meritão
Higor Matheus Meritão (born 23 June 1994) is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for CRB, on loan from UNAM.

He has previously represented a number of São Paulo state clubs in the lower divisions of the Campeonato Paulista, as well as a spell with Botafogo-PB in 2017. He made his debut in the national league in 2018 for Ferroviária in a 2018 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D match against Cianorte on 19 May 2018.

Following his loan move to Botafogo-SP, he made his Campeonato Brasileiro Série B debut as a second-half substitute in the first match of the 2019 season, against Vitória.

Cianorte Futebol Clube
Cianorte Futebol Clube, more commonly referred to as Cianorte, is a Brazilian professional association football club in Cianorte, Paraná which currently plays in Campeonato Brasileiro Série D, the fourth tier of Brazilian football, as well as the Campeonato Paranaense, the top division of the Paraná state football league.
Cabinet of the Turks and Caicos Islands
The Cabinet of the Turks and Caicos Islands comprises the ministers who advise the governor on government affairs. It was known as the Executive Council under the 1988 Constitution, and was given its current name in the 2006 Constitution. The Cabinet was disbanded in 2009 when self-government in the Turks and Caicos Islands was suspended. It was reconstituted after the 2012 election.

2012 Turks and Caicos Islands general election
General elections were held in Turks and Caicos Islands on 9 November 2012. The PNP won the election, winning eight seats with the PDM winning seven. The PNP won most of its seats by narrow margins over the PDM, while the PDM won its seats by wide margins over the PNP, with the result that despite winning fewer seats and thereby losing the election, the PDM garnered more overall votes nationwide.