hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Lawrence (Conservative politician)
William Frederic Lawrence (29 December 1844 – 15 January 1935) was a British politician. He was a Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) from 1885 to 1906.

He was the eldest son of the Rev. Charles Washington Lawrence of Liverpool. He went to Eton College, and received a B.A. from Christ Church, Oxford in 1867 and an M.A. in 1872.  He began the study of law at Lincoln's Inn in 1867 and was called to the bar in 1871.  He was a Justice of the Peace of Wiltshire.

Lawrence was first elected to Parliament in the 1885 general election for the new constituency of Liverpool Abercromby. He held the seat in the next four general elections.  In the 1906 general election, he lost the seat by 199 votes to the Liberal candidate J. E. B. Seely. He died in Salisbury aged 90.

Salisbury
Salisbury (/ˈsɔːlzbəri/ SAWLZ-bər-ee, locally /ˈsɔːzbəri/ SAWZ-bər-ee) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers Avon, Nadder and Bourne. The city is approximately 20 miles (30 kilometres) from Southampton and 30 miles (50 kilometres) from Bath.

Salisbury is in the southeast of Wiltshire, near the edge of Salisbury Plain. An ancient cathedral was north of the present city at Old Sarum. A new cathedral was built near the meeting of the rivers and a settlement grew up around it, which received a city charter in 1227 as New Sarum. This continued to be its official name until 2009, when Salisbury City Council was established. Salisbury railway station is an interchange between the West of England Line and the Wessex Main Line.

Stonehenge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is 8 miles (13 kilometres) northwest of Salisbury.
Luke Dorman
Luke Dorman is the principal designer of Santa Fe-based Meow Wolf. He designed the poster for the 2021 Telluride Film Festival, as well as the 2023 50th Telluride Film Festival. He has also taught at the Santa Fe University of Art and Design.

Dorman's style straddles fine art, graphic design, and illustration. His work has earned recognition from Print magazine, Communication Arts, and  the Society for Typographic Arts.

Print (magazine)
Print is an American design and culture website that began as Print, A Quarterly Journal of the Graphic Arts, in 1940, and continued publishing a physical edition through the end of 2017 as Print.

As a printed publication, Print was a general-interest magazine, written by cultural reporters and critics who looked at design in its social, political, and historical contexts, from newspapers and book covers to Web-based motion graphics, from corporate branding to indie-rock posters. During its run, Print won five National Magazine Awards and a number of Folio: Eddies, including Best Full Issue in its final year. Print ceased publication in 2017, with a promise to focus the brand on "a robust and thriving online community." Its publisher, F+W Media, declared bankruptcy in 2019, and a group of independent partners subsequently purchased PRINT from the company that arose out of F+W, Peak Media Properties.
Religion in South America
Religion in South America has been a major influence on art, culture, philosophy and law and changed greatly in recent years. Roman Catholicism has rapidly declined. Most of this is due to the growth of Protestantism, particularly evangelical Christians. A smaller number of South Americans are also beginning to identify as irreligious. Sizeable adherents of other religions are also present, including of various indigenous religions.

Irreligion
Irreligion is the absence or rejection of religious beliefs or practices. It encompasses a wide range of viewpoints drawn from various philosophical and intellectual perspectives, including atheism, agnosticism, religious skepticism, rationalism, secularism, and non-religious spirituality. These perspectives can vary, with individuals who identify as irreligious holding diverse beliefs about religion and its role in their lives.

Relatively little scholarly research was published on irreligion until around the year 2010.
Acacia diaphana
Acacia diaphana is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south of Western Australia. It is a bushy, spreading shrub with ascending linear phyllodes, spherical heads of golden yellow flowers and is found in Cape Arid National Park.

Phyllode
Phyllodes are modified petioles or leaf stalks, which are leaf-like in both appearance and function. In some plants, these  become flattened and widened, while the leaf itself becomes reduced or vanishes altogether. Thus the phyllode comes to serve the purpose of the leaf. Some important examples are Euphorbia royleana which are cylindrical and Opuntia which are flattened.

They are common in the genus Acacia, especially the Australian species, at one time put in Acacia subg. Phyllodineae. Sometimes, especially on younger plants, partially formed phyllodes bearing reduced leaves can be seen. The illustration (to the right) of Acacia suaveolens from Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen shows the juvenile true leaves, together with the developing phyllodes, and the phyllodes of the mature plant.

The genus, Daviesia, in the family Fabaceae, is characterised in part by the plants having phyllodes.
Danny Trevathan
Danny Eugene Trevathan (born March 24, 1990) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Denver Broncos in the sixth round of the 2012 NFL draft. He played college football for the Kentucky Wildcats, where in 2010, he was named an All-American by College Football News and was a first-team all-SEC selection.

John Fox (American football)
John Fox (born February 8, 1955) is an American football coach and former player who serves as a senior assistant for the Buffalo Bills of the National Football League (NFL). He was the head coach of the Carolina Panthers (2002–2010), Denver Broncos (2011–2014), and Chicago Bears (2015–2017) of the NFL. He coached the Panthers to an appearance in Super Bowl XXXVIII and the Broncos to an appearance in Super Bowl XLVIII.
Mount Tangkoko
Mount Tangkoko is a stratovolcano in the north of Sulawesi island in Indonesia. Its summit has an elongated deep crater.On the east flank is a flat lava dome, Batu Angus. Historical records only show eruptions in the 17th and 19th centuries, including a possible VEI5 eruption in 1680.

The Tangkoko Batuangus Nature Reserve, in the northern part of Sulawesi island, is named after the volcano and home to such species as the Celebes crested macaque and spectral tarsier.

Volcanic explosivity index
The volcanic explosivity index (VEI) is a scale used to measure the size of explosive volcanic eruptions. It was devised by Christopher G. Newhall of the United States Geological Survey and Stephen Self in 1982.

Volume of products, eruption cloud height, and qualitative observations (using terms ranging from "gentle" to "mega-colossal") are used to determine the explosivity value. The scale is open-ended with the largest eruptions in history given a magnitude of 8. A value of 0 is given for non-explosive eruptions, defined as less than 10,000 m3 (350,000 cu ft) of tephra ejected; and 8 representing a supervolcanic eruption that can eject 1.0×1012 m3 (240 cubic miles) of tephra and have a cloud column height of over 20 km (66,000 ft). The scale is logarithmic, with each interval on the scale representing a tenfold increase in observed ejecta criteria, with the exception of between VEI-0, VEI-1 and VEI-2.
Stefano Arduini
Stefano Arduini (born 1956) is a scholar of linguistics, rhetoric, semiotics and translation. He is Full Professor of Linguistics at the University of Rome Link Campus where he is the director of the Publishing Professionals Master's degree. He teaches Theory of Translation at the University of Urbino, and is the president of San Pellegrino Unicampus Foundation in Misano Adriatico (Rimini).

Misano Adriatico
Misano Adriatico (Romagnol: Misên) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rimini in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southeast of Bologna and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) southeast of Rimini.

Misano Adriatico borders the following municipalities: Cattolica, Coriano, Riccione, San Clemente, San Giovanni in Marignano.

Misano is a seaside town with a few resorts. The main attraction of the town is the Misano World Circuit Marco Simoncelli. The Conca enters the Adriatic Sea near the town.
Vernon Dean
Wellington Vernon Dean (born May 5, 1959) is an American football coach and former player who is the defensive backs coach for the DC Defenders of the United Football League (UFL). He played professionally as a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL), primarily  for the Washington Redskins, with whom he won two Super Bowls.

Dean played college football for the San Diego State Aztecs and was selected by Washington in the second round of the 1982 NFL draft. He also played for the Seattle Seahawks. Dean was the defensive backs coach at Virginia State University.

United Football League (2024–present)
The United Football League (UFL) is a professional American football spring league in the United States. The league was created following the merger of the latest iterations of the XFL and United States Football League (USFL); it started play in March 2024. It comprises eight teams, five of which were members of the XFL or USFL prior to the UFL's creation, and all concentrated in the Midwest and Southern United States.
Betaworks
Betaworks Studio, LLC is an American startup studio and seed stage venture capital company based in New York City that invests in network-focused media businesses.

Its hybrid investor/builder model has led to investments in fast-growing startups such as Tumblr, Airbnb, Groupon, and Twitter; and more exclusive stakes in internally built startups such as Chartbeat, Bitly, and SocialFlow. Betaworks was founded in 2007 by John Borthwick.

In 2016, the company gained some attention through "The Intern" podcast, hosted and produced by employee Allison Behringer.

In 2016, Betaworks sold its Instapaper product to Pinterest, a social media scrapbooking site, .

Airbnb
Airbnb, Inc. (/ˌɛərbiːɛnˈbiː/ AIR-bee-en-BEE, an abbreviation of its original name, "Airbed and Breakfast") is an American company operating an online marketplace for short-and-long-term homestays, experiences and services in various countries and regions. It acts as a broker and charges a commission from each booking. Airbnb was founded in 2008 by Brian Chesky, Nathan Blecharczyk, and Joe Gebbia.
Puthussery Ramachandran
Puthussery Ramachandran Pillai (23 September 1928 – 14 March 2020) was an Indian poet of the Malayalam language. He was a scholar of Dravidian linguistics and a professor of Malayalam for more than three decades. On 14 March 2020, he died of age-related illnesses.

Kerala Sahitya Akademi
The Kerala Sahitya Akademi or Academy for Malayalam Literature is an autonomous body established to promote the Malayalam language and literature. It is situated in the city of Thrissur, Kerala in India.
Kendra on Top
Kendra on Top is an American reality television series on WE tv that debuted June 5, 2012. The series follows the day-to-day life of former Playboy model and The Girls Next Door reality television personality Kendra Baskett as she balances motherhood and her business ventures. Season 2 chronicles Wilkinson as she prepares and participates as a celebrity contestant on Splash and stars on Celebrity Wife Swap. The series also documents the activities of her husband, Hank Baskett, as he works on his transition from NFL football player to businessman. Kendra's car accident that occurred in April 2013 is also included.

The show ran for six seasons until 2017.

Celebrity Splash!
Celebrity Splash! (also known as Splash!) is a reality television franchise created by Dutch company Eyeworks, started from their Dutch reality show Sterren Springen Op Zaterdag which premièred in 2012. The franchise involves celebrities diving into the pool.
Diastocera
Diastocera is a monotypic genus in the family Cerambycidae described by Pierre François Marie Auguste Dejean in 1835. Its only species, the African  Diastocera trifasciata, was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775, but the Asian Thysia wallichii has on occasion been placed in the genus.

Johan Christian Fabricius
Johann Christian Fabricius (7 January 1745 – 3 March 1808) was a Danish zoologist, specialising in the "Insecta", which at that time included all arthropods: insects, arachnids, crustaceans and others. He was a student of Carl Linnaeus, and is considered one of the most important entomologists of the 18th century, having named nearly 10,000 species of animals, and established the basis for the modern insect classification.
Mura uke seido
Mura uke seido (Japanese: 村請制度, Hepburn: mura uke seido), or mura uke sei (村請制), was a system for collecting taxes from villages during the Edo period of Japan. Under this system, tax payments, in the form of a portion of their crops, would be made by the village as a unit, and were therefore the collective responsibility of each respective village subjected to it. The amount would be collected by the village headman to be given to their local lord. If a household or individual were to be indigent or otherwise unable to provide tribute, the remaining residents of the village would have been required to contribute their portion of the village's tax burden. This contributed to the development of a communal culture characterized by altruism, mutual respect and sociality, as the system effectively compelled the affluent members of the village to assist the otherwise penurious members, so the tax burden could be met.

Village head
A village head, village headman or village chief is the leader of a village, hamlet, or other type of settlement too small to have their own mayor.

Unlike the position of mayor, denoting a leader of a city, town or other large settlements with its own incorporated government, the title of village head may be purely ceremonial or even entirely unofficial, simply denoting an individual which commands sizeable political and social influence in a given area. This is especially the case in the modern era, as increased urbanization and advances in communication mean that most villages are subject to some form of local government already, and thus the need for local chiefs has decreased. However, in some countries, village heads continue to exist as an official government position analogous to that of a mayor, or at the very least as a consultative or representative role that mediates between small communities and higher levels of government.
Georg Kreutzberg
Georg W. Kreutzberg (September 2, 1932 – March 20, 2019) was a German neuromorphologist. Kreutzberg was long-serving director at the Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology in Martinsried near Munich.

He remained active as emeritus director at that institute. His various research interests have included microglia cells, neuropathology and nerve regeneration following trauma (especially paraplegia and quadriplegia), fraud in science, correct reporting of scientific research to laypeople and the history of neuroscience in Germany.

Tetraplegia
Tetraplegia, also known as quadriplegia, is defined as the dysfunction or loss of motor and/or sensory function in the cervical area of the spinal cord. A loss of motor function can present as either weakness or paralysis leading to partial or total loss of function in the arms, legs, trunk, and pelvis (paraplegia is similar but affects the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral segments of the spinal cord, and arm function is retained). The paralysis may be flaccid or spastic. A loss of sensory function can present as an impairment or complete inability to sense light touch, pressure, heat, pinprick/pain, and proprioception. In these types of spinal cord injury, it is common to have a loss of both sensation and motor control.
Ivan A. Elliott
Ivan Arvel Elliott, Sr. (November 18, 1889 – April 13, 1990) was an American lawyer.

Born in White County, Illinois, Elliott received his bachelor's degree from University of Illinois and his law degree from Illinois Wesleyan University. He served in the United States Army during World War I and World War II. Elliott was a Democrat. He practiced law in Carmi, Illinois, served as the Carmi City Attorney and served as President of the Carmi School Board. From 1937 to 1942, Elliott served as State's Attorney of White County, Illinois. From 1949 to 1953, Elliott served as Illinois Attorney General. In 1952, he was defeated for re-election.

Illinois Wesleyan University
Illinois Wesleyan University is a private liberal arts college in Bloomington, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1850, the central portion of the present campus was acquired in 1854 with the first building erected in 1856.
Montellà i Martinet
Montellà i Martinet (Catalan pronunciation: [muntəˈʎaj məɾtiˈnɛt]) is a municipality in the comarca of Cerdanya and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. It has a population of 620 (register office, 2024) .

Comarques of Catalonia
The comarques of Catalonia (singular comarca, Eastern Catalan: [kuˈmarkə], Western Catalan: [koˈmaɾka]), often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia. Each comarca comprises a number of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the United States. Currently, Catalonia is divided into 42 comarques and Aran, considered a "unique territorial entity" and not a comarca.

Each comarca has a representative county council (Catalan: consell comarcal), except for Barcelonès, which abolished it in 2019, and Aran, which instead has the Conselh Generau d'Aran.

Comarques form the second-level administrative division within Catalonia, being a subdivision of vegueries (or provinces at state level).
Turkish Engine Center
Turkish Engine Center (TEC) is a joint venture between Pratt & Whitney and Turkish Technic for the maintenance, overhaul, and repair of CFM56 and V2500 turbofan aircraft engines.

TEC is located at Istanbul’s smaller international airport, Sabiha Gökçen Airport in Anatolia. TEC started operations in January 2010 and has an annual capacity of 200 shop visits. The facility occupies approximately 25,000 m2 (269,000 square feet). TEC currently employs around 250 people. Their repair capabilities include an information technology system, enhanced with methodology for engine overhaul practices, that provides services to airline operators in Europe, Middle East, North Africa, and CIS countries.

IAE V2500
The IAE V2500 is a two-shaft high-bypass turbofan engine built by International Aero Engines (IAE) which powers the Airbus A320 family, the McDonnell Douglas MD-90, and the Embraer C-390 Millennium.

The engine's name is a combination of the Roman numeral V, symbolizing the five original members of the International Aero Engines consortium, formed in 1983 to produce the engine, and 2500, which represents the 25,000-pound-force (110 kN) thrust produced by the original engine model, the V2500-A1. FAA type certification for the V2500 was granted in 1988.

The maintenance, repair, and operations market for the V2500 is close to US$3 billion as of 2015.
Shibnibas
Shibnibas is a village located in Krishnaganj subdivision of Nadia district in West Bengal, India. It belongs to the Presidency division and is situated 21 km to the east of the district headquarters, Krishnanagar, Nadia. It is located 3 km away from Krishnaganj and is situated 113 km away from the state capital, Kolkata. Shibnibas is known for its rich history and cultural heritage. It is locate don the bank of Churni River.

Presidency division
Presidency division is an administrative division within the Indian state of West Bengal. The headquarters and the largest city of the Presidency division is Kolkata, the state capital. Presidency division is bounded by Medinipur division to southwest, Burdwan division to northwest and Malda division to north. The whole east side of the division is covered by  India–Bangladesh border.
Thorofon Records
Thorofon Schallplatten KG is a classical record label based in Wedemark, Germany.

Among the several series of recordings the label has published, there are works and titles such as Ludwig van Beethoven's piano sonatas, the complete works for solo piano by Johannes Brahms, the chamber music by Josef Rheinberger, the complete piano works of Robert Schumann, and a complete recording of the work of Max Reger. The label offers a number of recordings of out-of-the-mainstream classical music, almost all with some tie to Germany, such as a near-complete discography of Hugo Distler or the complete works of Louis Ferdinand, Prince of Prussia. The label has received several awards, such as the ECHO Klassik, which they received 17 times.

Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia (1772–1806)
Prince Frederick Louis Christian "Ferdinand" of Prussia (German: Friedrich Ludwig Christian; 18 November 1772 – 10 October 1806), was a Prussian prince, soldier, composer and pianist. Prince Louis Ferdinand fought in the Napoleonic Wars. The 1927 German film Prinz Louis Ferdinand depicts his life.
Mario Teguh
Mario Teguh (born Sis Maryono Teguh; 5 March 1956) is an Indonesian businessman. In 2010, Teguh has been listed as one of 8 Personality Changes version of newspaper Republika. Teguh had more popularity in public when he was a presenter for Mario Teguh Golden Ways on Metro TV.

Before he began his career, Teguh worked in several banks, including Citibank, BSB Bank, and Aspac Bank. Teguh was also establishing for his businessman Exnal Corp Jakarta where he was CEO and senior consultant. Teguh presented a show, titled Business Art on O Channel.

Citibank
Citibank, N.A. ("N. A." stands for "National Association"; stylized as citibank) is the primary U.S. banking subsidiary of Citigroup, a financial services multinational corporation. Citibank was founded in 1812 as City Bank of New York, and later became First National City Bank of New York. The bank has branches in 19 countries. The U.S. branches are concentrated in six metropolitan areas: New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Washington, D.C., and Miami.

As of 2023, Citibank is the third-largest bank in the United States in terms of assets.
Metropolis (Auckland building)
Metropolis is a 40-storey residential / hotel skyscraper in the Auckland CBD of Auckland, New Zealand, developed in 1999 by Krukziener Properties. Commended for its style and quality, the NZ$180 million cost of its construction also led to major financial fallout. Metropolis is considered one of Auckland's most exclusive apartment buildings, and it was the tallest residential building in New Zealand until 2020 when the nearby Pacifica was completed.

The building was constructed from mainly reinforced concrete from 1997 to 1999, when it became the tallest building in New Zealand for one year until it was surpassed by the Vero Centre. The building contains 368 apartments in addition to 55 hotel rooms, and was designed by Peddle Thorp Architects.

On 11 December 2013, Alain Robert climbed the building as part of a promotion for the Samsung Galaxy Gear smartwatch.

Samsung Galaxy Gear
The Samsung Galaxy Gear is a smartwatch produced by Samsung Electronics in the Samsung Gear family of devices. Unveiled during a Samsung Unpacked event in Berlin, Germany on September 4, 2013, the device serves as a companion for all Samsung Galaxy smartphones and tablets which runs on Android 4.3 "Jelly Bean" or newer. It was released on September 25, 2013. Originally released as an Android-based device, Samsung replaced the operating system with Tizen through the May 2014 software update.

The Gear's successor, the Gear 2, was released on April 11, 2014.