hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2015 Ebonyi State gubernatorial election
The 2015 Ebonyi State gubernatorial election was the 5th gubernatorial election of Ebonyi State. Held on April 11, 2015, the People's Democratic Party nominee Dave Umahi won the election, defeating Edward Nkwegu of the Labour Party.

Offia Nwali
Offia Nwali Listenⓘ was a Nigerian politician who served as a Second Republic senator representing the Abakaliki Senatorial District in the National Assembly from 1979 to 1983. He died on May 24, 2016, at the age of 74.
Alpine Star (horse)
Alpine Star (foaled 24 March 2017) is an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse. She showed very good form as a juvenile in 2019, winning two of her three races including the Debutante Stakes. On her first run of 2020 she won the Coronation Stakes.

Debutante Stakes (Ireland)
The Debutante Stakes is a Group 2 flat horse race in Ireland open to two-year-old thoroughbred fillies. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 7 furlongs (1,408 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in August.
Heather Roberts
Heather Roberts is an international lawn bowler from Botswana.

Fulton started bowling in 1974 in Zambia. After moving to Jwaneng at the end of 1979 she was a founder member of the Jwaneng Bowls Club. She won the National Pairs in 1983 and was a finalist in 1984 before being selected for the 1985 World Outdoor Bowls Championship.

She won a silver medal with June Fulton in the pairs at the 1988 World Outdoor Bowls Championship in Auckland.

She also competed in the pairs with Jacqueline Rhodes at the 1990 Commonwealth Games

Bowls
Bowls, also known as lawn bowls or lawn bowling, is a sport in which players try to roll their ball (called a bowl) closest to a smaller ball (known as a "jack" or sometimes a "kitty"). The bowls are shaped (biased), so that they follow a curved path when being rolled. The game is played either in teams or one against one.

The game was first played in the 13th century. The game is played on grass, although other surfaces are sometimes used. Matches are held either until one player gets to a score, or when a number of ends are played.

The game is mostly played on a bowling green, which can vary by the type of bowls being played. Whilst the game is often played outdoors, there are indoor bowling venues, and can also be played on rollable carpets. For outdoor games, this is usually on grass; however, it can also be played on cotula in New Zealand.
450, Chemin du Golf
450, Chemin du Golf is a Canadian French language sitcom previously aired on TQS. The show revolves around how a suburban neighbourhood is turned upside-down when someone new moves into the area. The series stars François Massicotte, a well-known Québécois. The title of the show refers to the 450 area code that is used for most of the suburbs off the island of Montreal.

Québécois people
Québécois (French pronunciation: [kebekwa] ⓘ; also known as Quebecers or Quebeckers in English) are people associated with Quebec. The term is most often used in reference to either descendants of the French settlers in Quebec or people of any ethnicity who live and trace their origins to the province of Quebec.

Self-identification as Québécois became dominant starting in the 1960s; prior to this, the francophone people of Quebec mostly identified themselves as French Canadians and as Canadiens before anglophones started identifying as Canadians as well. A majority in the House of Commons of Canada in 2006 approved a motion by Prime Minister Stephen Harper, which stated that the Québécois are a nation within a united Canada. Harper later elaborated that the motion's definition of Québécois relies on personal decisions to self-identify as Québécois, and therefore is a personal choice.
Aporpium
Aporpium is a genus of fungi in the order Auriculariales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are formed on dead wood and have a poroid hymenium. Species were often formerly referred to the genera Elmerina or Protomerulius, but molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has shown that Aporpium is a distinct, mainly north temperate genus.

Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma (pl. basidiomata) is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles.
MEEZA QSTP
MEEZA QSTP (Arabic: ميزة كيو اس تس بي) is an IT provider founded in Qatar Science & Technology Park (QSTP).

The company has five Tier III certified data centres known as M-VAULTs, offering a guaranteed uptime of 99.98% built to comply with the international standards.

MEEZA's provides Data Centre Services, Managed IT services, Cloud Services, and IT Security Services, as well as Smart Cities Solutions and Artificial Intelligence (AI).

MEEZA is a publicly quoted company on Qatar Stock Exchange main market.

Qatar Science & Technology Park
Qatar Science & Technology Park (QSTP) is a home for international technology companies in Qatar, and an incubator of start-up technology businesses.

Inaugurated in March 2009 as a part of Qatar Foundation, the purpose of the science park is to spur development of Qatar's knowledge economy. At an investment of more than $800 million by Qatar Foundation, the QSTP also became Qatar's first free-trade zone.
Caspian cobra
The Caspian cobra (Naja oxiana), also called the Persian cobra or Russian cobra, is a species of highly venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is endemic to Central Asia. First described by Karl Eichwald, a German physician, in 1831, it was for many years considered to be a subspecies of the Naja naja until genetic analysis revealed it to be a distinct species.

Karl Eichwald
Karl Eduard von Eichwald known as Karl Eichwald (Russian: Эдуард Иванович Эйхвальд, Eduard Ivanovich Eykhvald; 4 July 1795, in Mitau, Duchy of Courland and Semigallia – 10 November 1876, in Saint Petersburg) was a Baltic German geologist, physician, and naturalist, who lived his whole life in the Russian Empire.
Yalgar River
The Yalgar River is a 185-kilometre-long tributary of the Murchison River, located in the Shire of Meekatharra in central Western Australia. It rises in the Glengarry Range 25 km southeast of Mooloogool Station homestead, about 80 kilometres northeast of Meekatharra, flowing 145 kilometres westward (crossing the Great Northern Highway at Karralundi) to a junction with the Hope River. From there it flows north-northwesterly for about 40 kilometres, emptying into the upper reaches of the Murchison River, near Moorarie Station homestead on the Carnarvon-Meekatharra Road.

Originally called Ord Creek, the river was named after Yalgar Pool on the Hope River, a watering point on the Cue-Ashburton Stock Route.

Meekatharra, Western Australia
Meekatharra is a town in the Mid West region of Western Australia. Meekatharra is a Yamatji word meaning "place of little water".  At the 2016 census, Meekatharra had a population of 708, with 34.0% being of Aboriginal descent.

Meekatharra is a major supply centre for the pastoral and mining area in the Murchison region of Western Australia. It is located 764 km (475 mi) north-east of Perth and may be reached by the Great Northern Highway. It is a centre for sheep and cattle transshipment, initially by rail but now by road trains. It is also a regional home to the Royal Flying Doctor Service and the School of the Air. No viable horticultural industry exists in the area, although extensive but poor cattle stations in the Murchison and Gascoyne exist.
Bhusandpur railway station
Bhusandpur railway station is a railway station on Khurda Road–Visakhapatnam section, part of the Howrah–Chennai main line under Khurda Road railway division of East Coast Railway zone. It is situated at Gobardhanpur, Bhusandapur in Khordha district in the Indian state of Odisha.

Howrah–Chennai main line
The Howrah–Chennai main line is an Indian railway line connecting Howrah and Chennai Central. It is one of the seven major trunk routes of the Indian Railways. It traverses about 1,661 km (1,032 mi) along the eastern coast of India across the states of West Bengal, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu.
Fire Station No. 5 (Roanoke, Virginia)
Fire Station No. 5 in Roanoke, Virginia is a former fire station at 216 12th Street NW, in the independent city of Roanoke. The neighborhood fire station was one of three built in 1911, and was designed to look like a house, blending into its residential neighborhood.  It housed one of the city's first fire trucks to be powered by an internal combustion engine.  It served the city as a fire station until 2010, when it was turned over to a local nonprofit organization.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011 as City of Roanoke Fire Station No. 5.

Fire station
A fire station (also called a fire house, fire hall, firemen's hall, or engine house) is a structure or other area for storing firefighting apparatuses such as fire engines and related vehicles, personal protective equipment, fire hoses and other specialized equipment. Fire stations frequently contain working and living space for the firefighters and support staff.

In large U.S. cities, fire stations are often named for the primary fire companies and apparatus housed there, such as "Ladder 49". Other fire stations are named based on the settlement, neighborhood or street where they are located, or given a number.
Indiano Bridge
Indiano Bridge (Italian: Ponte all'Indiano) is the first earth-anchored cable-stayed bridge in the world. It is a bridge across the Arno River in Florence (Italy) (near the Indian Monument of Rajaram II).

The bridge was built between 1972 and 1978 by Società C.M.F. S.p.A. with architectural and urban architects Adriano Montemagni and Paolo Sica, and structural design engineer Fabrizio de Miranda.

The project won the national competition organized by the Municipality of Florence in 1968, and immediately attracted attention because it involved a pedestrian bridge hanging below. For the structural characteristics Fabrizio de Miranda in 1978 received the European award-CECM ECCS (European Convention for Construction Metallica). In fact it is the first cable-stayed bridge of large span anchored to the ground made the world and is one of the largest cable-stayed bridges in Italy of the twentieth century.

Rajaram II of Kolhapur
Rajaram II (April 13, 1850 – November 30, 1870), of the Bhonsle dynasty, was a Raja of Kolhapur from August 18, 1866 to November 30, 1870. He was adopted by Babasaheb Maharaj,  from Sardar Patankar family when he was just 16 years old, and crowned on 29 October 1866. During his reign, the gun salute of the state was increased from 17 to 19 guns. The first of his line to travel abroad, he died aged 20 in Florence, Italy, and was cremated  on the banks of the Arno River by special permission of the Council of Ministers of Italy. He was succeeded by Shivaji VI.
Battle of Lubartów (1863)
The Battle of Lubartów, which took place on the night of 22–23 January 1863, was one of the first battles of the January Uprising. Several hundred Polish insurgents, mostly scythemen and some armed with sticks, planned to attack the town of Lubartów, Congress Poland, which was garrisoned by the Imperial Russian Army. Furthermore, the Poles wanted to capture the nearby hamlet of Skrobów, where Russian artillery cannons were kept.

The attack on Skrobów failed, and Russian sentries, who fled to Lubartów, warned their officers. The insurgents thus lost the element of surprise, and their action was repulsed. After losing some men, the rebels withdrew to the nearby forests.

Lubartów
Lubartów (Polish pronunciation: [luˈbartuf]) is a town in eastern Poland, with 23,000 inhabitants (2004), situated in Lublin Voivodeship. It is the capital of Lubartów County and the Lubartów Commune. Historically it belongs to Lesser Poland.

Lubartów was established in 1543 by Piotr Firlej under a founding order issued by King Sigismund the Old.

The town is located 26 kilometres (16 miles) north of Lublin, on the Wieprz river, on the border between two geographical regions of Poland - Lublin Upland, and South Podlasie Lowland. Near Lubartów, the Kozłówka Landscape Park (Kozłowiecki Park Krajobrazowy) is located. The town is the 10th largest urban center of the voivodeship, and its area is 13.92 square kilometres (5.37 sq mi).
Bear, Arkansas
Bear, formerly also called Bear City, is an unincorporated community in Garland County, Arkansas, United States. It is close to the shore of Lake Ouachita, which was formed by the construction of the Blakely Mountain Dam across the Ouachita River. Today, Bear has very few inhabitants and is surrounded by the Ouachita National Forest.

Ouachita River
The Ouachita River (/ˈwɑːʃɪtɑː/ WAH-shi-tah) is a 605-mile-long (974 km) river that runs south and east through the U.S. states of Arkansas and Louisiana, joining the Tensas River to form the Black River near Jonesville, Louisiana. It is the 25th-longest river in the United States (by main stem).
Newhouse Records
Newhouse Records is an independent record label that began in 2000 by releasing vintage funk music compilations.  It continued with releases of the funk fusion group, Cymande, inclunding The Soul of Rasta (limited pressing 2000),  Renegades of Funk (2005) and Promised Heights (2007).

Newhouse also publishes jazz, dance, electronica, funk, soul and deep house music. One project included tracks by St. Germain and a new roster of French artists. Kia, Florian, The Bottle, Versus and Terrasse Tranquille featured on the album Paris Under a Groove, which showcased a "French touch" style, followed up by San Francisco Under a Groove in 2005.

Cymande
Cymande (pronounced /sɪˈmɑːndeɪ/ sih-MAHN-day) are a British funk group that was originally active in the early 1970s. The band name derives from a calypso word for "dove", which symbolises peace and love; "Dove" is also the title of one of their best-known songs. With a membership deriving from several Caribbean nations, Cymande were noted for an eclectic mix of funk, soul, reggae, rock, African music, calypso, and jazz that they called "nyah-rock". The band formed in 1971 and released three albums before disbanding in 1974. After gaining newfound popularity when their music was sampled by many notable rap artists, Cymande reformed in the 2010s. Their most recent album Renascence was released in January 2025.
Schaefer's dichotomy theorem
In computational complexity theory, a branch of computer science, Schaefer's dichotomy theorem, proved by Thomas Jerome Schaefer, states necessary and sufficient conditions under which a finite set S of relations over the Boolean domain yields polynomial-time or NP-complete problems when the relations of S are used to constrain some of the propositional variables.
It is called a dichotomy theorem because the complexity of the problem defined by S is either in P or is NP-complete, as opposed to one of the classes of intermediate complexity that is known to exist (assuming P ≠ NP) by Ladner's theorem.

Special cases of Schaefer's dichotomy theorem include the NP-completeness of SAT (the Boolean satisfiability problem) and its two popular variants 1-in-3 SAT and not-all-equal 3SAT (often denoted by NAE-3SAT). In fact, for these two variants of SAT, Schaefer's dichotomy theorem shows that their monotone versions (where negations of variables are not allowed) are also NP-complete.

Propositional variable
In mathematical logic, a propositional variable (also called a sentence letter, sentential variable, or sentential letter) is an input variable (that can either be true or false) of a truth function. Propositional variables are the basic building-blocks of propositional formulas, used in propositional logic and higher-order logics.
Bishop of Barrow-in-Furness
The Bishop of Barrow-in-Furness was an episcopal title used by a suffragan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Carlisle, in the Province of York, England. The See was created by Order in Council on 6 April 1889 (under the Suffragans Nomination Act 1888) and took its name after the town of Barrow-in-Furness in Cumbria. Since 1944, the title has been in abeyance.

Order in Council
An Order in Council (abbreviated as OIC in some countries) is a type of legal instrument issued by the executive branch of a government, often the head of state or their representatives, on the advice of a cabinet or council of ministers. These instruments are used in several Commonwealth realms, with equivalent instruments also found in countries with a Westminster system of government. Although the specifics vary by country, Orders in Council typically allow the executive to make formal decisions or regulations without enacting new legislation.
Farmers Market District, Dallas
The Farmers Market District is an area in southeastern downtown Dallas, Texas (USA). It lies south of the Main Street District, north of the Cedars, west of Deep Ellum, northeast of the Convention Center District, and southeast of the Government District.

Deep Ellum, Dallas
Deep Ellum is a historic neighborhood of Dallas, Texas, home to a diverse array of arts venues, restaurants, bars, entertainment venues, businesses, and urban residential units near downtown in East Dallas. Its name is based on a corruption of the area's principal thoroughfare, Elm Street. Older alternative uses include Deep Elm and Deep Elem.

The neighborhood lies directly east of the elevated I-45/US 75 (unsigned I-345) freeway and extends to Exposition Avenue, connected to downtown by, from north to south, Pacific, Elm, Main, Commerce, and Canton streets. The neighborhood is north of Exposition Park and south of Bryan Place.
Operation Martin
Operation Martin (Red) was an Allied clandestine operation of the Second World War to destroy a German airfield control tower at Bardufoss and organise secret military resistance groups in Tromsø in German-occupied Norway in 1943. The operation consisted of twelve Norwegians of the Company Linge group, who had been trained by the British in Scotland and returned to Norway in March 1943.

Bardufoss
Bardufoss (Norwegian) or Beardogorži (Northern Sami) is a town and commercial centre in Målselv Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The urban area was formally established as a town under Norwegian law in 2021 when the three villages of Andselv, Andslimoen, and Heggelia were merged together to form the new town of Bardufoss. The three neighboring villages are now considered as boroughs or neighborhoods within the larger town.

Bardufoss is located in the Målselvdalen valley near the confluence of the Barduelva and Målselva rivers. It is located about 82 kilometres (51 mi) north of the town of Narvik and about 70 kilometres (43 mi) south of the city of Tromsø. Bardufoss Airport is located here. The 3.71-square-kilometre (920-acre) town has a population (2023) of 2,752 and a population density of 742 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,920/sq mi).
Vijitha Berugoda
Vijitha Berugoda is a Sri Lankan politician, a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka. He belongs to the Sri Lanka Freedom Party. He has started his political career as the chairman of Bibila Pradeshiya Sabha in 1998. From 1999, after winning Provincial council election he became a member of Uva Provincial Council and continued until 2010.

1999 Sri Lankan provincial council elections
The 1999 Sri Lankan provincial council election was held on 25 January 1999, 6 April 1999 and 10 June 1999 to elect members to seven provincial councils in Sri Lanka. No election was held in the eighth province, North Eastern, which had been governed directly by the national government since March 1990. The People's Alliance, which was in power nationally, won the majority of seats in two provinces (North Central and North Western). It was also able to form a majority administration in the other five provinces with the support of smaller parties such as the Ceylon Workers' Congress.
Derbesia
Derbesia is a genus of green algae in the family Derbesiaceae. The plant was originally known from different names applied to its larger sporophyte, Derbesia, and its less conspicuous gametophyte, Halicystis. Derbesia was successfully cultured in the laboratories of German phycologist Peter Kornmann to learn that both it and the plant Halicystis were different parts of the life cycle of the same organism.

The genus name of Derbesia is in honour of Auguste Alphonse Derbès (1818–1894), French naturalist, zoologist and botanist,
Professor of Natural Sciences at the University of Aix-Marseille.

Sporophyte
A sporophyte (/ˈspɔːr.əˌfaɪt/) is one of the two alternating multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants and algae. It is a diploid multicellular organism which produces asexual spores. This stage alternates with a multicellular haploid gametophyte phase.
Glucose 1-dehydrogenase
In enzymology, glucose 1-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.47) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The two substrates of this enzyme are β-D-glucose and oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Its products are D-glucono-1,5-lactone, reduced NADH, and a proton. The enzyme can alternatively use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) for oxidation and in that case produces NADPH.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is beta-D-glucose:NAD(P)+ 1-oxidoreductase. Another name in common use is D-glucose dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+).

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
SM U-22 (Germany)
SM U-22 was one of 329 submarines serving in the Imperial German Navy in World War I. U-22 was engaged in commerce war as part of the naval warfare, during the First Battle of the Atlantic.

U-22 had a career of 14 patrols, sinking 43 ships for a total of 46,521 tons. In addition, she damaged three ships totalling 8,988 tons, and captured 1 prize worth 1,170 tons.

Oblt.z.S. Hashagen was the most successful, sinking 28 of the vessels, the largest being the British passenger steamer California at 5,629 tons. She was sunk 145 nautical miles (269 km; 167 mi) NWxN3/4N of Cape Villano on 17 October 1917.

U-22 was surrendered to the Allies at Harwich on 1 December 1918 in accordance with the requirements of the Armistice with Germany. She was sold (with one of her engines) by the British Admiralty to Hughes Bolckow on 3 March 1919 for £2,975, and was broken up at Blyth between 25 April 1919 and 1922.

Naval warfare of World War I
Naval warfare in World War I was mainly characterised by blockade. The Allied powers, with their larger fleets and surrounding position, largely succeeded in their blockade of Germany and the other Central Powers, whilst the efforts of the Central Powers to break that blockade, or to establish an effective counter blockade with submarines and commerce raiders, were eventually unsuccessful. Major fleet actions were extremely rare and proved less decisive.