hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rubidgea
Rubidgea is a genus of gorgonopsian from the upper Permian of South Africa and Tanzania, containing the species Rubidgea atrox. The generic name Rubidgea is sometimes believed to be derived from the surname of renowned Karoo paleontologist, Professor Bruce Rubidge, who has contributed to much of the research conducted on therapsids of the Karoo Basin. However, this generic name was actually erected in honor of Rubidge's paternal grandfather, Sidney Rubidge, who was a renowned fossil hunter. Its species name atrox is derived from Latin, meaning "fierce, savage, terrible". Rubidgea is part of the gorgonopsian subfamily Rubidgeinae, a derived group of large-bodied gorgonopsians restricted to the Late Permian (Lopingian). The subfamily Rubidgeinae first appeared in the Tropidostoma Assemblage Zone. They reached their highest diversity in the Cistecephalus and Daptocephalus assemblage zones of the Beaufort Group in South Africa.

Beaufort Group
The Beaufort Group is the third of the main subdivisions of the Karoo Supergroup  in South Africa. It is composed of a lower Adelaide Subgroup and an upper Tarkastad Subgroup. It follows conformably after the Ecca Group and unconformably underlies the Stormberg Group. Based on stratigraphic position, lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic correlations, palynological analyses, and other means of geological dating, the Beaufort Group rocks are considered to range between Middle Permian (Wordian) to Early Triassic (Anisian) in age.
1994 Tour de Romandie
The 1994 Tour de Romandie was the 48th edition of the Tour de Romandie cycle race and was held from 3 May to 8 May 1994. The race started in Marin and finished in Geneva. The race was won by Pascal Richard of the GB–MG Maglificio team.

Pascal Richard
Pascal Richard (born 16 March 1964) is a Swiss former racing cyclist. He is most notable as a former King of the Mountains winner at the Giro d'Italia and Olympic Games gold medalist. He won the Swiss National Road Race championship in 1989 and 1993.
Rolf Sorg
Rolf Sorg is an entrepreneur, founder and chairman of PM-International AG.

As a student Sorg started with direct sales of cosmetic products. In 1993 the company he worked for had to file for bankruptcy and Sorg used his savings to found PM-International, followed by the holding company in Luxembourg one year later. In 1995 he expanded the product range to include dietary supplements. Since 2015 the international headquarters of the company is located in Schengen, Luxembourg.

In 2013 Sorg sued Google for violation of his personal rights by adding search queries. He won the case before the German Federal Court of Justice. Sorg has lived in Luxembourg since 1998 and has the Luxembourg citizenship. He is married to Vicki Sorg, who is also active in the company as a charity ambassador. Sorg is father of 2 children.

In 2025, his company was ranked 6th in the Direct Selling News Global 100 list.

Schengen, Luxembourg
Schengen (Luxembourgish: [ˈʃæŋən] ⓘ, French: [ʃɛŋɡɛn] ⓘ, German: [ˈʃɛŋən]) is a wine-making village and commune in far south-eastern Luxembourg, on the western bank of the river Moselle. The commune border includes the tripoint where the borders of Germany, France, and Luxembourg meet.

After the mergers with Burmerange and Wellenstein in 2011, the commune has a population of 4,224 with an area of 31.42 square kilometres (12.13 sq mi).

The largest settlement within the commune of Schengen is Remerschen after which the commune used to be named. The name of the commune was changed in 2006 to take advantage of Schengen's name recognition after the signing of the Schengen Agreement there in 1985. The town of Schengen itself had a population of 704 as of 2025.

Schengen Castle dates from 1390 but was almost completely rebuilt in the 19th century.
Executive Agency for Exploration and Maintenance of the Danube River
The Executive Agency for Exploration and Maintenance of the Danube River (EAEMDR) of Bulgaria was established as an organization in 1935 under the name Danube Hydrographical Service within the structure of the Ministry of Railways, Post Offices and Telegraphs. The headquarters were situated in the city of Lom and the responsibilities of the Service were related to the maintenance of the waterway, creation of maps of the Danube River, conduction of hydro meteorological surveys in the Bulgarian section of the river.

Lom, Bulgaria
Lom (Bulgarian: Лом [ˈɫɔm]) is a town in northwestern Bulgaria, part of Montana Province, situated on the right bank of the Danube, close to the estuary of the Lom River. It is the administrative centre of the eponymous Lom Municipality. The town is 162 km (101 mi) north of Sofia, 56 km (35 mi) southeast of Vidin, 50 km (31 mi) north of Montana, and 42 km (26 mi) west of Kozloduy. It is the second most important Bulgarian port on the Danube after Ruse.
William Kramer (runner)
William Jacob Kramer (January 23, 1884 – February 29, 1964), also known as Willie Kramer, was an American long-distance runner. He competed in the men's 10,000 metres at the 1912 Summer Olympics.

Kramer's first major victory was at the 1909 USA Cross Country Championships. He won one USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships title in the 5-mile in 1910, and he then went on to repeat as cross country champion in 1911 and 1912. At the 1913 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships, Kramer won the two miles in a time of 9:191⁄5.

In his personal life, Kramer was a plumber. He was later a part owner of Long Island Machine and Pattern Works in Dumbo, Brooklyn.

1913 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships
The 1913 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships were organized by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) and served as the national championships in indoor track and field for the United States.

The men's championships were held at the 22nd Regiment Armory in New York City, New York, and they took place March 6. Women's championships were not officially held until 1927.

At the championships, Abel Kiviat won the 1000 yards in an American record, and then also won the 600 yards. The 2 miles walk was introduced for the first time.
Orwell Glacier
Orwell Glacier (60°43′S 45°38′W﻿ / ﻿60.717°S 45.633°W﻿ / -60.717; -45.633) is a small glacier, less than 0.5 nautical miles (0.9 km) long, which descends steeply from the south slopes of Snow Hills and terminates in 20 m ice cliffs along the south margin of Elephant Flats in the east part of Signy Island, in the South Orkney Islands. Surveyed by DI personnel in 1927 and named by them for the Norwegian transport throughout the seasons 1925–26 to 1929–30. It was resurveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1947.

Discovery Investigations
The Discovery Investigations were a series of scientific cruises and shore-based investigations into the biology of whales in the Southern Ocean. They were funded by the British Colonial Office and organised by the Discovery Committee in London, which was formed in 1918. They were intended to provide the scientific background to stock management of the commercial Antarctic whale fishery.

Discovery Investigations contributed greatly to knowledge of the whales, the krill they fed on and their habitat's oceanography, while charting the local topography, including Atherton Peak. They continued until 1951, with the final report published in 1980.

Collected specimens are in the Discovery Collections.
Deacon Edward Putnam Jr. House
The Deacon Edward Putnam Jr. House is a historic First Period house in Middleton, Massachusetts, United States.  The oldest portion of the house, its right (east) side and the central chimney, were built c. 1705, probably by Deacon Edward Putnam Sr. By 1718, Edward Jr. occupied the house with his family, by which time it had been expanded with rooms to the west.  The house facade had, until renovations in the 1960s, an unusual three bay configuration, with two windows on the west side of the chimney and one to its right.  The renovations in the 1960s added a lean-to section to the rear of the house, beyond which a single story ell connects the house to a series of barns.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990, where it is listed at 4 Gregory Street.

First Period architecture
First Period is an American architectural style that flourished between 1626 and 1725, used primarily by British colonists during the Colonial era, particularly in Massachusetts and Virginia. Essex County, Massachusetts, has the highest number of preserved First Period buildings.
COVID-19 CPI
The COVID-19 CPI, also known as Pandemic CPI, Coronavirus CPI, or simply COVID CPI, was a parliamentary inquiry commission from Brazil, with the goal to investigate alleged omissions and irregularities in federal government actions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. It was created on April 13, 2021 and officially installed in the Brazilian Senate on April 27, 2021. It ended with the voting of the final report on October 26, 2021.

Sergipe
Sergipe (English: /ˌsɛərˈʒiːpi/, sair-ZHEE-pee ⓘ; Brazilian Portuguese: [sɛʁˈʒipi] ⓘ), officially the State of Sergipe, is a state of Brazil. Located in the Northeast Region along the Atlantic coast of the country, Sergipe is the smallest state in Brazil by geographical area at 21,910 square kilometres (8,460 mi2), larger only than the Federal District. Sergipe borders Bahia to the south and west and Alagoas to the north. Aracaju is the capital and the largest city in the state; the state is divided into 75 municipalities. The state has 1.1% of the Brazilian population and produces 0.6% of the Brazilian GDP.
Newton Earp
Newton Jasper Earp (October 7, 1837 – December 18, 1928) was an American pioneer born in Kentucky in 1837.

He was the eldest child of Nicholas Porter Earp and Abigail Storm.  He was the half-brother of Old West lawmen Wyatt, Virgil, and Morgan Earp.

He was in the Union army during the Civil War, serving as a part of the 4th Iowa Cavalry, and eventually mustered out with the rank of corporal. Departing the army in 1865 he went to Missouri to farm on the land of his father near Lamar, then lost an election for constable five years later at Lamar. In 1871 he moved to Kansas, near the town of Stearling, Rice County where he was a farmer and pioneer settler, and thence to Garden City, in which town he rose quickly, becoming marshal for some time.  He was said to have hunted buffalo in 1873 near Peace, Kansas.  He had also migrated to Wyoming and Nevada, probably settling in the towns of Casper and Paradise before moving to California. Newton was a Mason and died in 1928.

Garden City, Kansas
Garden City is a city in and the county seat of Finney County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 28,151.  The city is home to Garden City Community College and the Lee Richardson Zoo, the largest zoological park in western Kansas.
Spain at the FIFA World Cup
Spain is one of only eight countries ever to have won the FIFA World Cup, doing so in South Africa in 2010, the first time the team had reached the final.

The team is one of the most present at the World Cup, with 16 appearances out of the 22 tournaments. Prior to their win in 2010, Spain's best World Cup result was a fourth-place finish in 1950.

Spain have reached the semi-finals twice and the quarter-finals six times, but have not reached the last 8 since their triumph in 2010.

1950 FIFA World Cup
The 1950 FIFA World Cup was the fourth edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football championship for senior men's national teams. It was held in Brazil from 24 June to 16 July 1950.

It was the first World Cup tournament in over twelve years, as the 1942 and 1946 World Cups were cancelled due to World War II. Italy, the two-time defending champions, were eliminated in the first round for the first time in history. Uruguay, who had won the inaugural competition in 1930, defeated the host nation, Brazil, in the deciding match of the four-team group of the final round, causing what is sometimes known as one of the biggest upsets in sports history, occasionally called the Maracanaço. This was the only tournament not decided by a one-match final. It was also the inaugural tournament where the trophy was referred to as the Jules Rimet Cup, to mark the 25th anniversary of Jules Rimet's presidency of FIFA.
2016 Speedway World Cup Race-off
The 2016 Monster Energy FIM Speedway World Cup Race Off was the third race of the 2016 edition of the Speedway World Cup. It was run on July 29 at the National Speedway Stadium in Manchester, England and was won by Australia from Denmark, Russia and the United States. As a result, Australia progressed to the 2016 Speedway World Cup Final, where they will join defending champions and Event Two winners Sweden, hosts Great Britain and Event One winners Poland. Denmark finished second, but were eliminated from the competition along with Russia and the United States.

Jason Doyle led Australia to victory with a 15-point maximum, and he was well supported by Sam Masters and Chris Holder, while reserve Brady Kurtz scored six points after replacing the injured Max Fricke. Niels Kristian Iversen top scored with 16 points for Denmark, however his efforts were not enough as the Danes fell short of reaching the final by four points.

Jason Doyle
Jason Kevin Doyle (born 6 October 1985) is an Australian motorcycle speedway rider. He became World Champion in 2017 after winning the 2017 Speedway Grand Prix.

Doyle is a member of the Australia national speedway team and represented his country in the Speedway World Cup and was a part of the Australian team that won the 2022 Speedway of Nations.
Rendon Labador
Rendon Labador is a Filipino social media personality known for speaking very directly. He often talks about public figures and shares his opinions on different issues in the Philippines. He became well-known after a meme he made, called "Motivational Rice" went viral online. Labador became one of the most hated and controversial internet personalities in the Philippines.

In 2020, Labador rose to prominence social media, following his earlier work in fitness culture as a bodybuilder, which he began in 2014. He founded the gym Fitness Army in 2019, and also opened a restaurant called Episode Bar + Kitchen, which eventually closed following negative comments surrounding his online presence.

Coron, Palawan
Coron, officially the Municipality of Coron (Tagalog: Bayan ng Coron),  is a municipality in the province of Palawan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 69,439 people.

It is home to the Coron Island Natural Biotic Area, which is listed in the natural category of the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List.
A Boy Named Sue (film)
A Boy Named Sue is a 2001 documentary film directed by Julie Wyman. It shows the life and transition of Theo, a transgender man who undergoes various stages of transition (including a mastectomy and hormone therapy). The protagonist is filmed extensively throughout, gives a number of interviews, and eventually settles down as a gay male. The film's title is taken from the song A Boy Named Sue.

Gay men
Gay men are male homosexuals. Historic terminology for gay men has included inverts and uranians.

Gay men continue to face significant discrimination in large parts of the world, particularly in parts of Asia and Africa. In the Western world, many gay men still experience discrimination in their daily lives, though some openly gay men have reached national success and prominence, including Apple CEO Tim Cook and heads of state or government such as Edgars Rinkēvičs (president of Latvia since 2023).

The word gay is recommended by LGBTQ groups and style guides to describe all people exclusively attracted to members of the same sex, while lesbian refers specifically to female homosexuals, and gay men to male homosexuals.
Anna Coddington
Anna Coddington (born 14 June 1981) is a New Zealand singer-songwriter. She has released four albums. Her previous band 'Duchess', for whom Coddington was songwriter, singer and guitarist, also released a 6 track EP in 2005. In 2015, Coddington covered Terence Trent D'Arby's "Sign Your Name" for Katie Noonan's album Songs That Made Me.

Terence Trent D'Arby
Sananda Francesco Maitreya (born Terence Trent Howard; March 15, 1962), who started his career with the stage name Terence Trent D'Arby, is an American singer and songwriter who came to fame with his debut studio album, Introducing the Hardline According to Terence Trent D'Arby (1987). The album includes the singles "If You Let Me Stay", "Sign Your Name", "Dance Little Sister", and "Wishing Well". Maitreya is a multi-instrumentalist and noted for his soulful voice and flamboyant, charismatic and androgynous persona.
Shamil Omarov
Shamil Magomedovich Omarov (Russian: Шамиль Магомедович Омаров; September 28, 1936, in Dagestan, Soviet Union - 2020) was a Russian pharmacologist, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Distinguished Professor of the Dagestan State Medical University (since 2013), Member of the National Academy of Sciences of the Dagestan, Chairman of the Society of Pharmacologists of the Dagestan, Member of the Russian Union of Writers.
Honored Scientist of the Dagestan (1990).
In 2016, in the Dagestankaya Pravda named him "The Leader of Dagestan pharmacology and apitherapy".

Apitherapy
Apitherapy is a branch of alternative medicine that uses honey bee products, including honey, bee pollen, propolis, royal jelly and bee venom. There has been no scientific or clinical evidence for the efficacy or safety of apitherapy treatments. Bee venom can cause minor or major reactions, including allergic responses, anaphylaxis or death.
Shailendra Kumar Upadhyay
Shailendra Kumar Upadhyay Dahal (Nepali: शैलेन्द्र कुमार उपाध्याय; April 17, 1929 – May 9, 2011) was a Nepalese politician. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs for Nepal from 1986 to 1990. He was Nepal's Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the United Nations from 1972 to 1978. He also held positions such as Defense Minister, Interior Minister, and the King's Royal Adviser.

Upadhyay was born in exile in Karnol, Saheb Ganj, India, due to the Kshatriya seizure of the Nepalese government in 1846. He died on May 9, 2011, in an attempt to become the oldest person to climb Mount Everest.

Ministry of foreign affairs
In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support, including consular services, for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entity is usually headed by a foreign minister or minister of foreign affairs (the title may vary, such as a secretary of state who has the same functions). The foreign minister typically reports to the head of government (such as prime minister or president).
Mackinac Rendezvous
Mackinac Rendezvous is a BSA event held in the Mackinac region of Michigan, taking place on a weekend in September, every other year, since 1987 (1987).

The Boy Scouts at the Mackinac Rendezvous XIV (2013) set a world record for the most people posed in the shape of a symbol, with 1132 participants forming the shape of the Fleur-de-lis.

World Scout Emblem
The world scout emblem, used worldwide by Scouts and many Scout organizations within the Scout Movement is the fleur-de-lis, commonly with a five-point star in each outer lobe. This emblem was adopted by Scouts from the inception of the Scout Movement and is used, in various forms, by many Scout organizations.
89 Aquarii
89 Aquarii (abbreviated 89 Aqr) is a binary star system in the equatorial constellation of Aquarius. 89 Aquarii is the Flamsteed designation,  though it also bears the Bayer designation c3 Aquarii. The apparent visual magnitude of +4.69 is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. Its distance from Earth is roughly 500 light-years (150 pc), based upon parallax measurements with an 11% margin of error.

The primary component of this system has a magnitude of 5.27 and a stellar classification of G3 II, which suggests this is an evolved star in the bright giant stage. The companion is an A-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of A2 V. As of 2010, it is located at an angular separation of 0.1843 arcseconds along a position angle of 135.1°. They orbit each other with an estimated period of 201 years and a semimajor axis of 0.45 arcseconds.

Giant star
A giant star has a substantially larger radius and luminosity than a main-sequence (or dwarf) star of the same surface temperature. They lie above the main sequence (luminosity class V in the Yerkes spectral classification) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and correspond to luminosity classes II and III. The terms giant and dwarf were coined for stars of quite different luminosity despite similar temperature or spectral type (namely K and M) by Ejnar Hertzsprung in 1905 or 1906.

Giant stars have radii up to a few hundred times the Sun and luminosities over 10  times that of the Sun. Stars still more luminous than giants are referred to as supergiants and hypergiants.

A hot, luminous main-sequence star may also be referred to as a giant, but any main-sequence star is properly called a dwarf, regardless of how large and luminous it is.
1967 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The 1967 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships men's competition took place between June 26–28 at Memorial Stadium on the campus of Bakersfield College in Bakersfield, California. The women's division held their championships a little over a week later, separately, eighty miles southwest at La Playa Stadium on the campus of Santa Barbara City College, California.  Both tracks were dirt tracks, technically a finely crushed brick surface.

This is the meet where Jim Ryun set the world record in the mile, uncharacteristically leading from the gun in 3:51.1, which lasted for almost eight years. Paul Wilson also set the world record in the pole vault at 17 ft 73⁄4 in (5.37 m); which lasted over a year, until runner-up Bob Seagren surpassed it (at altitude) at the 1968 Olympic Trials.

In Santa Barbara, Barbara Ferrell also equalled the world record in the 100 meters at 11.1 (+0.3).  Her record would last until Wyomia Tyus broke it in the Olympic final (at altitude) in Mexico City.

Wyomia Tyus
Wyomia Tyus (pronunciation: why-o-mi; born August 29, 1945) is a retired American track and field sprinter, and the first person to retain the Olympic title in the 100 m (a feat since duplicated by Carl Lewis, Gail Devers, Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce, Usain Bolt, and Elaine Thompson-Herah).
USS Seawolf (SSN-575)
USS Seawolf (SSN-575) was the third ship of the United States Navy to be named for the seawolf, the second nuclear submarine, and the only US submarine built with a liquid metal cooled (sodium), beryllium-moderated nuclear reactor, the S2G. Her overall design (known as SCB 64A) was a variant of Nautilus, but with numerous detail changes, such as a conning tower, stepped sail, and the BQR-4 passive sonar mounted in the top portion of the bow instead of further below. This sonar arrangement resulted in an unusual bow shape above the water for a U.S. submarine. Originally laid down in 1953, her distinctive reactor was later replaced with a standard pressurized water reactor, the replacement process lasting from 12 December 1958 to 30 September 1960.

Sail (submarine)
In naval parlance, the sail (American usage) or fin (British/Commonwealth usage) (also known as a fairwater) of a submarine is the tower-like structure found on the dorsal (topside) surface of submarines. Submarine sails once housed the conning tower (command and communications data center), and continue to house the periscope(s), radar and communications masts (antenna). 
When above the water's surface, the sail serves as an observation platform. It also provides an entrance and exit point on the submarine that has enough freeboard to prevent the submarine being swamped. Under water, the sail acts as a vertical stabilizer. In some submarines, the sail also supports diving planes (or fairwater planes), which are control surfaces used for depth control while underwater.