hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nelson Morgan
Nelson Harold Morgan (born May, 1949) is an American computer scientist and professor in residence (emeritus) of electrical engineering and computer science at the University of California, Berkeley. Morgan is the co-inventor of the Relative Spectral (RASTA) approach to speech signal processing, first described in a technical report published in 1991.

Rasta filtering
RASTA filtering and mean subtraction was introduced to support perceptual linear prediction
(PLP) preprocessing. It uses bandpass filtering in the log spectral domain. Rasta filtering then removes slow channel variations. It has also been applied to cepstrum feature-based preprocessing with both log spectral and cepstral domain filtering.

In general a RASTA filter is defined by

The numerator is a regression filter with N being the order (must be odd) and the denominator is an integrator with time decay. The pole controls the lower limit of frequency and is normally around 0.9. RASTA-filtering can be changed to use mean subtraction, implementing a moving average filter. Filtering is normally performed in the cepstral domain. The mean becomes the long term cepstrum and is typically computed on the speech part for each separate utterance. A silence is necessary to detect each utterance.
August 2023 Chilean winter storm
The August 2023 Chilean winter storm was a winter storm affecting Central Chile. The regions spanning from Valparaíso in the north to Bío Bío in the south were impacted. Three people died as a consequence of the events. The total number of affected people was counted as 33,234 and 42,120 people were left temporarily isolated due to the shutdown of roads. By August 23 and 24, damages to houses were counted as following; 21,832 houses with minor damage, 2,899 with major damage and 44 houses destroyed and while the impact on 1,509 houses was still being evaluated.

Biobío Region
The Biobío Region (Spanish: Región del Biobío [ˌbi.oˈβi.o]) is one of Chile's sixteen regions (first-order administrative divisions). With a population of 1.5 million, thus being the third most populated region in Chile, it is divided into three provinces: Arauco, Biobío and Concepción. The latter contains its capital and largest city, Concepción, a major city and metro area in the country. Los Ángeles, capital of the Biobío Province, is another important city in the region.
Canale Reale
Canale Reale is an Italian river in the province of Brindisi. The source of the river is near Francavilla Fontana. The river flows east for a distance before curving northeast near Latiano. It enters the Adriatic Sea near the Strait of Otranto between Villanova and Brindisi.

Brindisi
Brindisi (US: /ˈbrɪndɪzi, ˈbriːn-/ BRIN-diz-ee, BREEN-, Italian: [ˈbrindizi] ⓘ; Brindisino: Brìnnisi) is a city in the region of Apulia in southern Italy, the capital of the province of Brindisi, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. Historically, the city has played an essential role in trade and culture due to its strategic position on the Italian Peninsula and its natural port on the Adriatic Sea. The city remains a major port for trade with the Balkan Peninsula, Greece and the Middle East. Its industries include agriculture, chemical works, and the generation of electricity.

From September 1943 to February 1944, Brindisi was the provisional government seat of the Kingdom of Italy.
Tahmina (film)
Tahmina (Azerbaijani: Təhminə) is a 1993 Azerbaijani romantic drama. The screenplay was written by Anar Rzayev based on his novel Beşmərtəbəli Evin Altıncı Mərtəbəsi ("The Sixth Floor of a Five-Storey Building", 1974–78). Directed by Rasim Ojagov, this film depicts the love affair between Zaur, a man from an affluent family, and Tahmina, a divorced woman doing her best to survive in a conservative society. The film is considered to be one of the best Azerbaijani movies produced in the 1990s. Funding for the film was provided by a Turkish businessman.

Rasim Ojagov
Rasim Ojagov (Azerbaijani: Rasim Ocaqov; 22 November 1933 – 11 July 2006) was a Soviet-Azerbaijani film director and camera operator, Honoured Art Worker of Chechen-Ingush ASSR (1964), People's Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR (1982), laureate of the State Prize of the Azerbaijan SSR.
Freeth
Freeth is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrew Freeth (1912–1986), British painter and etcher

Ben Freeth (born 1971), Zimbabwean farmer and activist

Denzil Freeth (1924–2010), English politician

Evelyn Freeth (1846–1911), English civil servant

Francis Arthur Freeth (1884–1970), British chemist

George Freeth (1883–1919), American surfer

Gordon Freeth (1914–2001), Australian politician

James Freeth (1872 - 1940), English artist

James Freeth (1786–1867), British Army general

James Freeth (1974)  Cambridge cricketer

John Freeth (1731–1808), English innkeeper, poet and songwriter

Malcolm Freeth (1943)  English physician

Peter Freeth (born 1968), English author

Rodger Freeth (1950–1993), New Zealand rally co-driver

Thomas Freeth, English artist

Zahra Freeth, British writer

Evelyn Freeth
Sir Evelyn Freeth (25 May 1846 – 16 September 1911) was an English civil servant who became an expert on death duties. In his youth he was a keen sportsman who played football against Scotland in the first representative match in March 1870.
Nicholas Walsh (soccer)
Nicholas Walsh (born 15 October 2002), is an Australian professional soccer player who plays as a defender for Perth RedStar. He made his professional debut on 25 November 2020 against Ulsan Hyundai in the 2020 AFC Champions League.

Ulsan HD FC
Ulsan HD FC (Korean: 울산 HD FC), formerly Ulsan Hyundai FC, is a South Korean professional football club based in Ulsan that competes in the K League 1, the top tier of South Korean football. Founded in 1983 as Hyundai Horang-i, they joined the K League in 1984. Their home ground is Ulsan Munsu Football Stadium. The club is owned by HD Hyundai Heavy Industries.

Ulsan HD have won the league title five times, most recently in 2024, and the Korean FA Cup once, in 2017. At the international level, they have won the AFC Champions League twice, in 2012 and 2020, and are the only club to have won the tournament twice without defeat.
El Qanater El Khayreya
El Qanater El Khayreya (Egyptian Arabic: القناطر الخيرية  pronounced [elʔɑˈnɑːtˤeɾ elxæjˈɾejjæ], meaning "the Benevolent Bridges") is a city and a markaz in Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt. It is the location of the Delta Barrages, the first modern irrigation structure across the Nile, located at the apex of the Nile Delta. In the mid 1850s, when Khedive Sa'id Pasha took over project construction, he ordered a silver medal to be struck to mark the occasion. He then ordered the construction of a town near the incomplete barrage.

Again the project would be bogged down due to financial problems; the original barrages were initially completed in 1862. A new barrage structure was built slightly downstream in 1939. The name of the city is a reference to the structure and the river crossing it.

Mehmed Said Pasha
Mehmed Said Pasha (Ottoman Turkish: محمد سعيد پاشا‎; 1838–1914), also known as Küçük Said Pasha, was an Ottoman Turkish monarchist, senator, statesman and editor of the Turkish newspaper Cerîde-i Havâdis. He served as grand vizier for nine years in total, seven times during the reign of Abdul Hamid II and twice during the Second Constitutional Monarchy.

His epithet makes him "Said Pasha the Younger" to distinguish him from a contemporary statesman İngiliz Said Pasha, who was also known as Büyük Said Pasha, or "Said Pasha the Elder". Küçük Said was also known as Mabeyn Başkâtibi Said Bey in this youth.

He was known for his opposition to the extension of foreign influence in the Ottoman Empire. He was among the statesmen who were disliked by the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP). However, in his last two grand vizierships, Said Pasha was supported by the CUP in the Chamber of Deputies, and his last grand vizierate ended in 1912 with a military memorandum against the Unionists.
Somatopause
Somatopause is the progressive decline in the levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), hormones of the hypothalamic–pituitary–somatotropic axis (HPS axis), with age. Secretion of GH may only be 60% of that of a young adult by age 70 years. Somatopause results in changes in the body, such as body composition changes like a decrease in lean body mass. Estrogens and progesterone may oppose somatopause by increasing GH and IGF-1 levels.

Progesterone
Progesterone (/proʊˈdʒɛstəroʊn/ ⓘ; P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species. It belongs to a group of steroid hormones called the progestogens and is the major progestogen in the body. Progesterone has a variety of important functions in the body. It is also a crucial metabolic intermediate in the production of other endogenous steroids, including the sex hormones and the corticosteroids, and plays an important role in brain function as a neurosteroid.

In addition to its role as a natural hormone, progesterone is also used as a medication, such as in combination with estrogen for contraception, to reduce the risk of uterine or cervical cancer, in hormone replacement therapy, and in feminizing hormone therapy. It was first prescribed in 1934.
Yoshihisa Tagami
Yoshihisa Tagami (田上喜久 Tagami Yoshihisa, usually written in hiragana たがみ よしひさ) is a Japanese manga artist.

Tagami was born on December 9, 1958, in Komoro, Nagano. He was the older brother of another manga artist, Iku Oyamada, who died in 2016. In 1978, Tagami received an Honorable Mention of the Shogakukan Manga Award in the Newcomer category for his manga Zashikiwarashi, which would become his first published manga in the January 10, 1979 issue of Shogakukan's Big Comic magazine.

Komoro, Nagano
Komoro (小諸市, Komoro-shi) is a city located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 March 2019, the city had an estimated population of 42,489 in 18776 households, and a population density of 430 persons per km². Its total area is 98.55 square kilometres (38.05 sq mi).
Northwest Papuan languages
The Northwest Papuan languages are a proposed language family of Papuan languages.

Many of the constituent branches of Northwest Papuan were first proposed to be related by H.K.J. Cowan in the 1950s. Voorhoeve (1971) connected the Border and Tor families. Using only pronouns as a diagnostic, Malcolm Ross linked most of the western (Foja Range) branch of the family, which is now fairly secure. The current form of the proposal was worked out by Timothy Usher under the name "North(west) New Guinea" (not to be confused with the proposed North New Guinea branch of the Austronesian language family).
It is not yet certain, however, that the similarities in vocabulary between Foja Range and the other constituent families are due to inheritance rather than borrowing.

Malcolm Ross (linguist)
Malcolm David Ross FAHA (born 3 May 1942) is an Australian linguist. He is emeritus professor of linguistics at the Australian National University (ANU).

Ross is best known among linguists for his work on Austronesian and Papuan languages, historical linguistics, and language contact (especially metatypy). He was elected as a Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities in 1996.
Marbled rockcod
The marbled rockcod (Notothenia rossii) is a species of marine ray-finned fish, belonging to the family Nototheniidae, the notothens or cod icefishes. It is native to the Southern Ocean, where it can be found at depths  from 5 to 350 m (16 to 1,148 ft). This is a commercially important species.

Nototheniidae
In some scientific literature, the term "cod icefish" is used to identify members of this family. This should not be confused with the term "icefish," which refers to the "white-blooded" fishes of the family Channichthyidae. See Icefish (disambiguation).

Nototheniidae, the notothens or cod icefishes, is a family of ray-finned fishes, part of the suborder Notothenioidei which is traditionally placed within the order Perciformes. They are largely found in the Southern Ocean.
Vasyl Krychevsky
Vasyl Hryhorovych Krychevsky (Ukrainian: Василь Григорович Кричевський; January 12, 1873 – November 15, 1952)  was a Ukrainian painter, architect, art scholar, graphic artist, film art consultant, pedagogue and master of applied art and decorative art. He is the designer of the 1918 Ukrainian coat of arms, state seals, banknotes. He was the brother of Ukrainian painter Fedir Krychevsky.

Decorative arts
The decorative arts are arts or crafts whose aim is the design and manufacture of objects that are both beautiful and functional. This includes most of the objects for the interiors of buildings, as well as interior design, but typically excludes architecture. Ceramic art, metalwork, furniture, jewellery, fashion, various forms of the textile arts and glassware are major groupings.

Applied arts largely overlap with the decorative arts, and in modern parlance they are both often placed under the umbrella category of design. The decorative arts are often categorized in distinction to the "fine arts", namely painting, drawing, photography, and large-scale sculpture, which generally produce objects solely for their aesthetic quality and capacity to stimulate the intellect.
X Factor Adria series 2
X Factor Adria is a Balkan production of international talent show franchise of The X Factor. The Adria edition of the show covers Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia
After the first series the original production company lost their licence which was then acquired by Prva, Serbian broadcaster and production company. It was revealed that Croatian broadcaster RTL was interested in bringing the show to Croatia as well, and that would broadcast it.
In late February 2015 it was announced that Aleksandra Kovač, Massimo, Tonči Huljić and Željko Joksimović would judge the series. Shortly after that Antonija Blaće, Sneža Velkov and Aleksandar Radojičić would take the roles of show hosts.
The season premiered on 22 March 2015.

RTL (Croatian TV channel)
RTL (previously known as RTL Televizija) is a Croatian free-to-air television network founded on 30 April 2004. It was owned by the RTL Group from 2004 to 2022. Since 1 June 2022, it is owned by the CME Group. It is the second commercial television network in Croatia that has a national concession, following Nova TV.
Josephine Lang
Josephine Caroline Lang (14 March 1815 – 2 December 1880) was a German composer. Josephine Lang was the daughter of Theobald Lang, a violinist, and Regina Hitzelberger, opera singer. Her mother taught young Josephine how to play piano, and from age five it became apparent that Josephine was possessed with great potential as a composer. As early as age eleven Josephine started giving piano lessons herself. Through her godfather, Joseph Stieler, Josephine was exposed to some of the greatest artists of her time. Both Felix Mendelssohn and Ferdinand Hiller went to great lengths to ensure that Lang learned the proper theory for song-writing, and used their connections to publish Lang's music. Even Robert Schumann published a song of Josephine's in Neue Zeitschrift für Musik in 1838.

Neue Zeitschrift für Musik
The New Journal of Music (Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, pronounced [ˈnɔʏə ˈtsaɪt.ʃʁɪft fyːɐ̯ muˈziːk] and abbreviated to NZM) is a music magazine, co-founded in Leipzig by Robert Schumann, his teacher and future father-in law Friedrich Wieck, Julius Knorr and his close friend Ludwig Schuncke. Its first issue appeared on 3 April 1834.
Conard House
Conard House is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization based in the SoMa arts district of San Francisco, working to support adults living with serious mental health and medical conditions. The organization's restated mission is "to empower people who live and work on the margins of society."

Resources in support of this mission include supportive housing, case management, psychiatric rehabilitation, harm reduction, supported employment, money management and computer technology training.
Together, these resources are generally referred to as community supported self-management.

Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits from, or creates computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing encompasses scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering.

The term computing is also synonymous with counting and calculating. In earlier times, it was used in reference to the action performed by mechanical computing machines, and before that, to human computers.
2018 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Men's super-G
The men's super-G in the 2018 FIS Alpine Skiing World Cup involved six events including the final in Åre, Sweden. Norwegian skier Kjetil Jansrud, the defending champion in the discipline, won two of the first five races and finished second in two more, clinching the crystal globe for the season before the final.

The season was interrupted by the 2018 Winter Olympics from 12-24 February 2018 at Yongpyong Alpine Centre (slalom and giant slalom) at the Alpensia Sports Park in PyeongChang and at the Jeongseon Alpine Centre (speed events) in Jeongseon, South Korea.  The men's super-G was held on 16 February, one day later than originally scheduled due to other postponements.

Jeongseon County
Jeongseon (Jeongseon-gun) is a county in the state of Gangwon, South Korea. It is famous as the hometown of "Jeongseon Arirang," a traditional Korean folksong.  It is also the hometown of actor Won Bin and footballer Seol Ki-hyeon.
CDC display code
Display code is the six-bit character code used by many computer systems manufactured by Control Data Corporation, notably the CDC 6000 series in 1964, the 7600 in 1967 and the following Cyber series in 1971.  The CDC 6000 series and their successors had 60 bit words.  As such, typical usage packed 10 characters per word.  It is a six-bit extension of the four-bit BCD encoding, and was referred to as BCDIC (BCD interchange code.)

CDC 6000 series
The CDC 6000 series is a discontinued family of mainframe computers manufactured by Control Data Corporation in the 1960s. It consisted of the CDC 6200, CDC 6300, CDC 6400, CDC 6500, CDC 6600 and CDC 6700 computers, which were all extremely rapid and efficient for their time. Each is a large, solid-state, general-purpose, digital computer that performs scientific and business data processing as well as multiprogramming, multiprocessing, Remote Job Entry, time-sharing, and data management tasks under the control of the operating system called SCOPE (Supervisory Control Of Program Execution).  By 1970 there also was a time-sharing oriented operating system named KRONOS.  They were part of the first generation of supercomputers. The 6600 was the flagship of Control Data's 6000 series.
Parmouti 16
Parmouti 15 – Coptic calendar – Parmouti 17

The sixteenth day of the Coptic month of Parmouti, the eighth month of the Coptic year. In common years, this day corresponds to April 11, of the Julian calendar, and April 24, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.

Season of the Harvest
The Season of the Harvest or Low Water was the third and final season of the lunar and civil Egyptian calendars. It fell after the Season of the Emergence (Prt) and before the spiritually dangerous intercalary month (Ḥryw Rnpt), after which the New Year's festivities began the Season of the Inundation (Ꜣḫt). In the Coptic and Egyptian calendars this season begins at the start of the month of Pashons (about 9 May), continues through the months of Paoni and Epip, before concluding at the end of Mesori (about 5 September).: 453

The festival known as Sham Ennessim, is often claimed to have originated from Shemu. Sham Ennessim is an official holiday in modern Egypt. Earlier Egyptian šm.w and its Coptic successor ϣⲱⲙ relate to the name of a season in Egyptian, not a specific festival.
Last Night on Earth (Finger Eleven album)
Last Night on Earth is the eighth studio album by the Canadian rock band Finger Eleven, released on November 7, 2025, through Better Noise Music. It follows the band's 2023 Greatest Hits album, marks their first album released with their new label, Better Noise, and is the group's first release of an full-length album of new music in over ten years, the last being July 2015's Five Crooked Lines.

Better Noise Music
Better Noise Music is an American record label founded in 2006 by Allen Kovac, CEO of 10th Street Entertainment. The label was previously known as Eleven Seven Label Group with Eleven Seven, Five Seven and Better Noise Records as imprints. They are an artist development label, developing new bands in the rock music genre. The label recently announced an expanded alliance with FUGA and was named 2019 Active Rock Label of the Year for the second consecutive year.  In early 2020, Kovac launched sister company, Better Noise Films.

The Eleven Seven Music label was the home of recording artists Papa Roach, and others.
We'll Carry The Star Spangled Banner Thru The Trenches
We'll Carry The Star Spangled Banner Thru The Trenches is a World War I song written by Daisy May Pratt Erd. The song was first published in 1917 by Lang & Mendelsohn in Boston MA. The sheet music cover depicts soldiers advancing over barbed wire with a flag waving.

The sheet music can be found at the Pritzker Military Museum & Library.

Pritzker Military Museum & Library
The Pritzker Military Museum & Library (formerly Pritzker Military Library) is a non-profit museum and research library for the study of military history located in a state-of-the art facility in Kenosha, WI. The institution was founded in 2003, and its specialist collections include material relating to Winston Churchill and war-related sheet music.
Georgian–Shaddadid wars
The Georgian–Shaddadid wars were a series of medieval conflicts between the Kingdom of Georgia and the Muslim Shaddadid dynasty over control of strategic cities in the South Caucasus, particularly Ani and Tbilisi. Beginning in the early 11th century and lasting until the end of the 12th, these wars saw shifting alliances, repeated sieges, and decisive Georgian victories under kings like Bagrat IV, David IV, and Tamar. The wars culminated in the eventual annexation of Shaddadid territories and the fall of the dynasty.

South Caucasus
The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia, or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, which are sometimes collectively known as the Caucasian States. The total area of these countries measures about 186,100 square kilometres (71,850 square miles). The South Caucasus and the North Caucasus together comprise the larger Caucasus geographical region that divides Eurasia.