hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
German submarine U-657
German submarine U-657 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II.
She was laid down on 5 October 1940 by Howaldtswerke, Hamburg as yard number 806, launched on 12 August 1941 and commissioned on 8 October 1941 under Oberleutnant zur See Hans-Jürgen Radke.

Radke was killed in a fire while the boat was undergoing trials on 14 December 1941.

Oberleutnant zur See
Oberleutnant zur See (OLt zS or OLZS in the German Navy, Oblt.z.S. in the Kriegsmarine) is traditionally the highest rank of Lieutenant in the German Navy. It is grouped as OF-1 in NATO.

The rank was introduced in the Imperial German Navy by renaming the former rank of Premier Lieutenant in 1890. Within the navy, officers of this rank were simply addressed as Herr Oberleutnant. To distinguish naval officers from those of the army, the suffix zur See (at sea) was added in official communications, sometimes shortened to z.S. (Oblt.z.S.). The rank has since been used by the Reichsmarine, Kriegsmarine, and Bundesmarine.  In the Volksmarine, the rank was originally used in the same way until the suffix zur See was dropped. In the Kriegsmarine, engineers (Ingenieur – Ing.) of the same rank were distinguished as Oberleutnant (Ing.).
Radio Ontinyent
Radio Ontinyent is a Spanish radio station based in the city of Ontinyent, in the Land of Valencia. It was established in 1923 by Salvador Miquel, self-taught inventor who created a broadcasting device whose signal could be heard by a crystal radio. It was the third station airing in Spain, and got an official license in 1931, being known since as EAJ30 Radio Onteniente, thus making it the 30rd oldest officially licensed radio station in Spain.

In 1933 Miquel improved the broadcasting power, reaching its signal the whole of the Iberian Peninsula, the Balearic Islands and parts of France and Northern Africa. It was sindicated to Radio Intercontinental and, in 1987, it would be absorbed by the Sociedad Española de Radiodifusión. It won an Ondas award in 2019. In 2024, the Miquel family sold the company to a new owner.

Ontinyent
Ontinyent, also known as Onteniente, is a town and municipality in the comarca of Vall d'Albaida, Valencian Community, Spain. It is situated on the banks of the Clarià River, a tributary of the Xúquer, and on the Xàtiva–Alcoi railway. Ontinyent is near the Serra de Mariola Natural Park.

Ontinyent is a historic city featuring many baroque churches, aristocratic mansions, city walls, the palace of the Dukes of Almodòver and a 16th century bridge alongside newer apartment buildings and modern retail. The city has been known for its production of cloth, paper, brandy, furniture and earthenware as well as its trade in cereals, wine, almonds and olive oil.

Juan Roig, Spanish billionaire and president of Mercadona, went to school in Ontinyent.
Jim Traynor
James Traynor (born 27 September 1953) is a Scottish former sports journalist and former Director of Communications at Rangers Football Club. Prior to joining the Glasgow club, Traynor was employed by the Scottish newspaper the Daily Record. He was also presenter of BBC Radio Scotland's football-based phone-in show Your Call.

Traynor was also a pundit on the Superscoreboard show on Radio Clyde for the 2000–2001 season. He also appeared on Scotsport during that season.

In December 2012 he wrote his final article for the Daily Record. Following rumours about a role at Rangers, he took up the position of Director of Communications on 8 December 2012 and resigned on 1 November 2013.

Daily Record (Scotland)
The Daily Record is a Scottish national tabloid newspaper based in Glasgow. The newspaper is published Monday–Saturday and its website is updated on an hourly basis, seven days a week. The Record's sister title is the Sunday Mail. Both are owned by Reach plc and have a close kinship with the UK-wide Daily Mirror.

The Record covers UK news and sport with a Scottish focus. Its website boasts the largest readership of any publisher based in Scotland. The paper was at the forefront of technological advances in publishing throughout the 20th century and became the first European daily newspaper to be produced in full colour.

As the Record's print circulation has declined in line with other national papers, it has focused increasing attention on expanding its digital news operation.

Neil McIntosh was announced as the latest editor of the Daily Record in August 2025.
Food & History
Food & History is a multilingual (French, English) scientific journal that is published since 2003. It is the biannual scientific review of the European Institute for the History and Cultures of Food (IEHCA) based in Tours. It publishes papers about the history and culture of food.

Anniversary
An anniversary is the date on which an event took place or an institution was founded.

Most countries celebrate national anniversaries, typically called national days. These could be the date of independence of the nation or the adoption of a new constitution or form of government. There is no definite method for determining the date of establishment of an institution, and it is generally decided within the institution by convention. The important dates in a sitting monarch's reign may also be commemorated, an event often referred to as a "jubilee".
Hogenakkal Falls water dispute
The Hogenakkal Water Dispute is a conflict between the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka over the implementation of Hogenakkal Integrated Drinking Water Project, whose foundation stone was laid in February 2008. The Rs. 13.34 billion project envisages water supply to 4040,000 people in the fluorosis affected Dharmapuri and Krishnagiri districts of Tamil Nadu.

Dharmapuri district
Dharmapuri district is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil-Nadu, India. It is the first district created in Tamil Nadu after the independence of India by splitting it from then-Salem district on 2 October 1965. Dharmapuri District is one of the major producers of mango in the state, fine quality granite is found in the district. It is also one of the main sericulture belts in the state. Around 30 percent of the district's area is under forest cover. Kaveri enters Tamil Nadu through this district. Dharmapuri district had the lowest literacy rate of 74.23% in Tamilnadu during the 2011 census.
Kanashimi wa Kitto
"Kanashimi wa Kitto" is the 14th single released by the Japanese rock band Uverworld. Released on October 28, 2009, it reached #2 on Japanese Oricon Weekly Charts.

The song "Kanashimi wa Kitto" is the soundtrack of the Japanese television drama titled "Shōkōjo Seira" (based on A Little Princess), played by Shida Mirai.

Mirai Shida
Mirai Shida (志田 未来, Shida Mirai; born May 10, 1993) is a Japanese actress. She became recognized after her breakthrough role as Kazumi Kanda in "Joō no Kyōshitsu" ("The Queen's Classroom") leading her to more prominent roles, such as Miki Ichinose in 14-year-old Mother.
160th Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 160th Infantry Regiment (Seventh California) is an infantry regiment of the United States Army. The 1st Battalion, 160th Infantry is a light infantry component of the 79th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (IBCT).

Originally designated the 7th California, the 160th Infantry Regiment traces their lineage back to the early days of California statehood when the call went out and 17,000 men volunteered for service in the Civil War under the 7th Regiment California Volunteer Infantry. The 1st Battalion, 160th Infantry, is headquartered in the Inglewood Armory, which houses a Regimental room dedicated to preserving the rich history of the 160th Infantry Regiment.

Nelson M. Holderman
Colonel Nelson Miles Holderman (November 10, 1885 – September 3, 1953) was a United States Army officer, most notable for commanding a rifle company of the Lost Battalion during World War I for which he received the Medal of Honor. He was considered by many to be one of the most decorated American soldiers of the war.
Gabriele Adinolfi
Gabriele Adinolfi is an Italian far-right ideologue and essayist. Adinolfi was involved in Terza Posizione, a short-lived far-right group founded in 1979. Like other neo-fascists of his generation, he saw his enemy as the far-left and the Italian Social Movement (MSI). He founded several publications and a website called Noreporter.

He has self-published two books, namely Noi Terza Posizione (Us, Third Position) (2000) with Roberto Fiore and Il domani che ci appartenne (The tomorrow which belonged to us) (2005).

Neo-fascism
Neo-fascism is a post-World War II far-right ideology which includes significant elements of fascism. Neo-fascism usually includes ultranationalism, ultraconservatism, racial supremacy, right-wing populism, authoritarianism, nativism, xenophobia, and anti-immigration sentiment, as well as opposition to social democracy, parliamentarianism, Marxism, communism, socialism, liberalism, neoliberalism, and liberal democracy.
Tony Gauci
Tony Gauci (6 April 1944 – 29 October 2016) was the proprietor of Mary's House, a clothes shop in Sliema, Malta, who was a witness in the prosecution of Abdelbaset al-Megrahi in relation to the Lockerbie Bombing.

According to evidence given at the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial in 2000, Gauci sold clothing that was found among the wreckage, and determined by investigators to have been in the same suitcase as the improvised explosive device (IED) that brought the aircraft down. Gauci's account as a witness linked Libyan intelligence officer Abdelbaset al-Megrahi directly to the explosion, and was therefore important in the conviction of Megrahi on 31 January 2001. Gauci died on 29 October 2016, in Swieqi, Malta at the age of 72.

Swieqi
Swieqi (Maltese: Is-Swieqi) is a town in the Eastern Region of Malta. It is a residential area just 15 minutes by bus from Sliema and within walking distance of Malta's nightlife and entertainment centres, Paceville and St. Julian's. As the town developed, residential estates took over farmland. The town's name means "water channels", a reminder of the region's past.

It has an estimated population of 14,452 as of 1 January 2019.
Eurico Paes
Eurico Jorge Henriques Paes OIH GOM (born 3 June 1946) is a Portuguese diplomat.

He earned a licentiate degree in Law from the University of Lisbon in 1971, and joined the diplomatic career in 1974.

Among other relevant positions, he chaired the group of United Nations observers for the first democratic elections in Guinea-Bissau in 1994, and coordinated the protocolary preparations and served as the master of ceremonies during the Handover of Macau in 1999,

He served as the Portuguese Ambassador in Harare (Zimbabwe) from 2000 to 2002, as the country's Chief of Protocol from 2002 to 2005, and as the Portuguese Ambassador in Bern (Switzerland) from 2005 to 2010.

University of Lisbon
The University of Lisbon (ULisboa; Portuguese: Universidade de Lisboa) is a public research university in Lisbon, and Portugal's largest university. It was founded in 1911, but the university's present structure dates to the 2013 merger of the former University of Lisbon (1911–2013) and the Technical University of Lisbon (1930–2013).
Ernest Tedder
Ernest Cranfield Tedder (5 September 1915 – 9 September 1972) was an English cricketer.  Tedder was a right-handed batsman.  He was born at Woodford Green, Essex.

Tedder served in World War II with the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, initially holding the rank of acting pilot officer. He was later promoted to flying officer in July 1941. Following the war, Tedder played first-class cricket for Essex against Somerset in the 1946 County Championship.  He made seven further first-class appearances in that season, with his final appearance coming against Sussex. In his eight first-class appearances, he scored 208 runs at an average of 14.85, with a high score of 55. This score, which was his only half century, came against Sussex.

He died on 9 September 1972 at Ipswich, Suffolk.

Flying officer
Flying officer (Fg Off or F/O) is a junior officer rank used by some air forces, with origins from the UK Royal Air Force. The rank is used by air forces of many countries that have historical British influence.

Flying officer is one rank above pilot officer and one below flight lieutenant.

It is equivalent to the rank of sub-lieutenant in the navy and lieutenant in other services.

The equivalent rank in the Women's Auxiliary Air Force was "Section Officer" before this organisation adopted common ranks with male officers.
Loukhi-3 (air base)
Loukhi-3 is an air base in the Republic of Karelia, Russia located 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) west of Loukhi.  It is a minor airstrip with only turnarounds and a 400-meter central taxiway.

Loukhi had some use during World War II and probably maintained forward fighter deployments in the 1950s and 1960s.

Loukhi
Loukhi (Russian: Лоухи; Karelian: Louhi) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Loukhsky District in the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located on the shore of Lake Panovo, 500 kilometers (310 mi) north of Petrozavodsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 4,772.
Neal Barrett Jr.
Neal Barrett Jr. (November 3, 1929 – January 12, 2014) was an American writer of fantasy, science fiction, mystery/suspense, and historical fiction.  He also worked under the pseudonyms Victor Appleton, Chad Calhoun, Franklin W. Dixon (Stratemeyer Syndicate house names), Rebecca Drury, and J. D. Hardin.

Subterranean Press
Subterranean Press is a small press publisher in Burton, Michigan. Subterranean is best known for publishing genre fiction, primarily horror, suspense and dark mystery, fantasy, and science fiction. In addition to publishing novels, short story collections and chapbooks, Subterranean also produced a quarterly publication called Subterranean Magazine from 2005 to 2014, specialising in short fiction and edited by William Schafer; it had also an online direct seller. In addition to trade editions, the company produces collector's and limited editions. These books are issued with author signatures, in both numbered and lettered states, and are produced using high-grade book papers and bindings with matching slipcases and traycases.

Subterranean Press won the 2025 Locus Award for Best Publisher.
1831 Massachusetts legislature
The 52nd Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1831 during the governorship of Levi Lincoln Jr. Leverett Saltonstall served as president of the Senate and William B. Calhoun served as speaker of the House.

Notable legislation included "a law to transfer state elections to the fall so as to coincide with national elections."

Autumn
Autumn, also known as fall in North American English, is one of the four temperate seasons on Earth. Outside the tropics, autumn marks the transition from summer to winter, beginning in September (Northern Hemisphere) or March (Southern Hemisphere). Autumn is the season when the duration of daytime becomes noticeably shorter and the temperature cools considerably. Day length decreases and night length increases as the season progresses until the winter solstice in December (Northern Hemisphere) and June (Southern Hemisphere). One of its main features in temperate climates is the striking change in colour of the leaves of deciduous trees as they prepare to shed.
Gajendra (1984 film)
Gajendra (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1984 Indian Kannada-language political thriller film directed by V. Somashekhar based on a screenplay by M. D. Sundar. The film stars Ambareesh playing the title character along with Pavithra, Vajramuni, T. N. Balakrishna and Sudheer in other supporting roles. The film's songs were composed by G. K. Venkatesh, with lyrics written by Chi. Udayashankar. The film was released on 14 February 1984.

V. Somashekhar
Venkatappa Somashekhar (27 July 1937 – 22 August 2003) was an Indian film director, producer and screenwriter in Kannada and Malayalam cinema. In 40 years of his career as a director, he directed 49 films, including commercial successes such as Premada Kanike (1976), Shankar Guru (1978), Seetharamu (1979), Chakravyuha (1983), and Prathap (1990).
Widely known for action-oriented movies, he was much sought as a hit-machine.

Following his directorial career, he worked as the President of Kannada Film Directors Association. Recognizing his contribution to Kannada cinema, he was awarded the Puttanna Kanagal Award in 2001.
Sutton Maddock
Sutton Maddock is a village and civil parish 16 miles (26 km) south east of Shrewsbury, in the Shropshire district, in the county of Shropshire, England. The parish includes the hamlet of Brockton. In 2011 the parish had a population of 254. The parish touches Barrow, Beckbury, Broseley, The Gorge, Kemberton, Madeley, Ryton and Stockton.

Shropshire (district)
Shropshire is a unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of Shropshire, in the West Midlands region of England. It was created on 1 April 2009 from the former districts of Bridgnorth, North Shropshire, Oswestry, Shrewsbury and Atcham and South Shropshire. The district is governed by Shropshire Council. It contains 188 civil parishes.
Aia Api
The Aia Api (English: New Land) is a political party in French Polynesia. It was founded in 1982 by Émile Vernaudon.

At the last legislative elections on May 23, 2004, and by-elections on February 13, 2005, the party was part of the Union for the Democracy (Union pour la Démocratie), that won 27 out of 57 seats.

The party was officially deregistered in January 2015 for failing to submit its annual accounts.

Elections in French Polynesia
French Polynesia elects the Assembly of French Polynesia (Assemblée de la Polynésie française), the unicameral legislature at the territorial level. The Assembly has 57 members, elected for five-year terms by proportional representation in multi-seat constituencies. French Polynesia has a two-party system, which means that there are two dominant political parties, making it difficult to be elected under the banner of another party.

In June 2011, the electoral law was changed to a two-round system with a bonus of a third of the seats for the winning list in the second round, with the rest of the seats distributed proportionally; the electoral threshold to advance to the second round is 12.5%.
History of Sufism
Sufism is the mystical branch of Islam in which Muslims seek divine love and truth through direct personal experience of God. This mystic tradition within Islam developed in several stages of growth, emerging first in the form of early asceticism, based on the teachings of Hasan al-Basri, before entering the second stage of more classical mysticism of divine love, as promoted by al-Ghazali and Attar of Nishapur, and finally emerging in the institutionalised form of today's network of fraternal Sufi orders, based on Sufis such as Rumi and Yunus Emre. At its core, however, Sufism remains an individual mystic experience, and a Sufi can be characterized as one who seeks the annihilation of the ego in God.

Abu al-Najib Suhrawardi
Abu al-Najib Abd al-Qahir Suhrawardi (Persian: ابوالنجیب عبدالقادر سهروردی) (1097–1168) was a Sunni Persian Sufi who was born in Sohrevard, near Zanjan, and founded the Suhrawardiyya Sufi order. He studied Islamic law in Baghdad, later becoming professor of Shafi'ite law at the Nizamiyya school in the same city.

He then later on set up a retreat by the river Tigris, where he gathered disciples, which eventually came to be the Sufi order of Suhrawardiyya which included Ahmed Al-Ghazali, the younger brother of Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali. His paternal nephew Shahab al-Din Abu Hafs Umar Suhrawardi expanded the order. His name is also sometimes transcribed as Diya al-din Abu 'n-Najib as-Suhrawardi.
Ashwood School Gymnasium and Auditorium
Ashwood School Gymnasium and Auditorium is a historic school gymnasium and auditorium located at Ashwood near Bishopville, Lee County, South Carolina.  It was built in 1938 to serve Ashwood Plantation, the first and largest of the Resettlement Administration (RA) project tracts in South Carolina.  The building served as the school and community gymnasium and as an auditorium for dramatic performances and films.  It is a one-story building with a simplified Colonial Revival style popular in the 1930s in government-sponsored construction.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

Auditorium
An auditorium is a room built to enable an audience to hear and watch performances. For movie theaters, the number of auditoriums is expressed as the number of screens.  Auditoriums can be found in entertainment venues, community halls, and theaters, and may be used for rehearsal, presentation, performing arts productions, public speeches or as a learning space.
John Osborne Jr.
John Howe Osborne, also known as John Osborne Jr. (c. 1833 - 1922) was a multiple British classic winning jockey. He was the most successful and most popular jockey in the north of England in the second half of the 19th century. His riding career lasted 46 years.

His first ride was on Miss Castling at Radcliffe Bridge, near Bury in Lancashire in 1846. His last ride was on Llanthony at Newmarket in 1892.

British Classic Races
The British Classics are five long-standing Group 1 horse races run during the traditional flat racing season. They are restricted to three-year-old horses, and traditionally represent the pinnacle of achievement for racehorses against their own age group. As such, victory in any classic marks a horse as amongst the very best of a generation. Victory in two or even three of the series (a rare feat known as the Triple Crown) marks a horse as truly exceptional.
Frederick Cronyn Betts
Frederick Cronyn Betts (July 4, 1896 – May 7, 1938) was a Canadian politician and solicitor. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in 1935 as a Member of the Conservative Party to represent the riding of London. He died in office on May 7, 1938. Prior to his federal political experience, he was a councillor on the London City Council between 1928 and 1929. During World War I, he served overseas with the 12th Battery, Canadian Field Artillery in France.

London (federal electoral district)
London was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1968. It was located in the province of Ontario.

It consisted initially of the City of London, Ontario.

In 1914, it was redefined to exclude parts of the former township of London, which was now a part of the city.

In 1924, it was redefined as consisting of that part of the city of London lying west of and south of a line following (from the north) Adelaide Street and Oxford Street, the east side of Wolsley Barracks area, Middleton Avenue, Glasgow Street, Lorne Avenue, Burbrook Place, Dundas Street, Swinyard Street, Pine Street, Elm Street, Trafalgar Street, Adelaide Street, the south branch of the River Thames, Beverly Street, and Wellington Street south to the south boundary of the city.
Anne Amieux
Anne-Léontine Nicolas Amieux (18 June 1871 – 1960?) was a French educator. She was principal of the École normale supérieure de jeunes filles at Sèvres from 1919 to 1936.

She was born in Lyon and was educated at the girls' lycée there. She continued her studies at the École normale supérieure de jeunes filles at Sèvres where she received her qualification to teach science. In 1905, she was awarded a travel bursary by the philanthropist Albert Kahn. She was a founding member of the Association française des femmes diplômées des universités and also served on the council for the International Federation of University Women.

Amieux taught at a girls' lycée in Tournon-sur-Rhône and at the Lycée Victor-Hugo in Paris. She was founding principal at the Lycée Jules-Ferry.

In 1933, she was named a Chevalier in the French Legion of Honour.

Albert Kahn (banker)
Albert Kahn (3 March 1860 – 14 November 1940) was a French banker and philanthropist, known for initiating The Archives of the Planet, a vast photographical project. Spanning 22 years, it resulted in a collection of 72,000 colour photographs and 183,000 metres of film.