hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samuel J. Call
Samuel Johnson Call (February 1858 – February 16, 1909) was a medical doctor who served with the United States Revenue Cutter Service as the ship's surgeon of the U.S. Revenue Cutter Bear. Call played a key role in the Overland Relief Expedition, traveling across 1,500 miles of tundra and pack-ice to bring food to 265 whalers whose ships had become stranded in the ice off the northern Alaska coast. He was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal and is the namesake of the Samuel J. Call Health Services Center, a U.S. Coast Guard hospital located at Cape May, New Jersey.

United States Revenue Cutter Service
The United States Revenue Cutter Service was established by an Act of Congress (1 Stat. 175) on 4 August 1790 as the Revenue-Marine at the recommendation of the nation's first secretary of the treasury, Alexander Hamilton.

The federal government body was initially created to serve as an armed customs enforcement service. Over time, however, the service gradually gained missions either voluntarily or by legislation, including those of a military nature. It was generally referred to as the Revenue-Marine until 31 July 1894, when it was officially renamed the Revenue Cutter Service. The Revenue Cutter Service operated under the authority of the U.S. Department of the Treasury. On 28 January 1915, the service was merged by an act of Congress with the United States Life-Saving Service to form the United States Coast Guard.
Xiachayu
Xiazayü (Chinese: 下察隅; pinyin: Xiàcháyú; lit. 'lower Zayü'; Standard Tibetan: རྫ་ཡུལ་རོང་སྨད།) is a town of Zayü County, in southeastern Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China (PRC), located in a deep river valley 47 km (29 mi) from the county seat and bordering India's Arunachal Pradesh, which is claimed by the PRC, to the southwest, as well as Burma to the southeast.

As of 2005, Xiachayu Town has a population of 5389 residing in an area of 1,215.07 km2 (469.14 sq mi), and as of 2011, it has 18 villages under its administration. The town contains a population of the Mishmi people (or Deng people), which has yet to be officially recognised as one of the PRC's 56 ethnicities. Tourism was developing in the Shaqiong Deng Village (沙瓊僜人村). However, foreigners were not allowed to enter Zayü as of 2011.

Zayu County
Zayul County
(Tibetan: རྫ་ཡུལ་རྫོང) or Zayü (Chinese: 察隅县) is a county in the Nyingchi Prefecture in the southeastern part of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China.

The historical Zayul region is marked by the basin of the Zayul River, with its two branches: Rongto Chu (or the western Zayul River) and Zayul Chu (or the eastern Zayul River). The two branches join near the town of Rima. After the junction, the Zayul river enters India's Arunachal Pradesh where it is called Lohit.

The Zayul county borders India and Burma to the south and China's Yunnan province to the southeast. To the northeast lies the Pome County and to the northwest the Medog County. The county's headquarter located at Kyigang Village, Zhowagoin Town.
Aleksander Midtsian
Aleksander Midtsian (born 2 October 1982) is a Norwegian footballer and coach who played in Norway for Egersunds IK II before retiring in 2022. He continued a career in management, and is currently Assistant Manager of Sandnes Ulf.

Sandnes Ulf
Sandnes Ulf is a Norwegian association football club from Sandnes, Rogaland, currently playing in the 1. divisjon, the second highest division in the Norwegian football league system. The club play their home matches at Øster Hus Arena. The club was founded on 1 June 1911 as SK Ulf, and today has over 80 registered teams, making it the largest football club in Rogaland.

Sandnes Ulf play in light blue jerseys, white shorts and light blue socks. Sandnes Ulf is an open member association and the annual general meeting is the highest policy-making body. The meeting approves the accounts and elects the chairman and board. Stig Ravndal is the current chairman, elected in 2012. Daily operations are run by a managing director who liaises with the chairman.

Sandnes Ulf's official fan club is known as Gaukereiret ("The Cuckoo's Nest"), reflecting on the nickname for people from Sandnes; Sandnes-cuckoos.
Mauch
Mauch is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Billy and Bobby Mauch, (1921 – 2006 and 1921 – 2007),  American child actors

Christof Mauch (born 1960), German historian

Cody Mauch (born 1999), American football player

Corine Mauch (born 1960), Swiss politician

Daniel Mauch (c. 1477 – 1540), German sculptor

Fritz C. Mauch (1905-1940), German film editor

Gene Mauch (1925–2005), American baseball player and manager

Hans Mauch (1906–1984), German aerospace engineer

Hans-Rudi Mauch (1919–1979), of the figure-skating duo Frick and Frack

Karl Mauch (1837–1875), German explorer and geographer

Loy Mauch, (born 1952), American politician

Margaret Evelyn Mauch (1897–1987), American mathematician and professor

Monika Mauch, German opera singer

Paul Mauch (1897–1924), German footballer

Richard Mauch (1874 –1921) was an Austrian painter and illustrator

Thomas Mauch (born 1937), German cinematographer and film producer

Hans Mauch
Hans Adolph Mauch (6 March 1906 – 20 January 1984) was an engineer known for his work in early jet engine development in Germany, and aeromedical and prosthesis work in the USA in the post-war era. His S-N-S artificial leg design remains in widespread use in the 2010s.
Kirkiaceae
Kirkiaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales. It comprises one (or two) genera, Kirkia (and Pleiokirkia now included in Kirkia), totalling six species. These two genera were previously placed in family Simaroubaceae, but were transferred into their own family because they produce neither quassinoids nor limonoids. Kirkia is named for Captain John Kirk (explorer) of the famous Zambesi Expedition.

They occur along the east coast of Africa, and in Madagascar.

Quassinoid
Quassinoids are degraded triterpene lactones (similar to limonoids) of the Simaroubaceae plant family grouped into C-18, C-19, C-20, C-22 and C-25 types.  The prototypical member of the group, quassin, was first described in the 19th century from plants of the genus Quassia from which it gets its name. It was isolated in 1937, and its structure elucidated in 1961.
Taalaibek Omuraliev
Taalaibek Baryktabasovich Omuraliev (Kyrgyz: Таалайбек Барыктабасович (Барыктабас уулу) Өмүралиев, romanized: Taalaybek Baryktabasovich (Baryktabas uulu) Ömüraliyev, Russian: Таалайбек Барыктабасович Омуралиев, romanized: Taalaybek Baryktabasovich Omuraliyev; born 2 May 1965) is a Kyrgyz major general and a former Minister of Defense of Kyrgyzstan. He also served briefly as the Chief of the General Staff twice.

Ministry of Defense (Kyrgyzstan)
The Ministry of Defense of the Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyz: Кыргыз Республикасынын Коргоо министрлиги, romanized: Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn Korgoo ministrligi, Russian: Министерство обороны Кыргызской Республики), formerly known as the State Committee for Defense Affairs (Kyrgyz: Кыргыз Республикасынын Коргоо иштери боюнча мамлекеттик комитети, КР КИБМК, romanized: Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn Korgoo ishteri boyuncha mamlekettik komiteti, KR KIBMK, Russian: Государственный комитет по делам обороны Кыргызской Республики, ГКДO КР), is the main executive body responsible for the Armed Forces of Kyrgyzstan, having the authority to is responsible for the readiness of the military command and the control bodies in its ranks. In accordance with legislation connected to the armed forces. The current Minister of Defense is Major General Ruslan Mukambetov.
Põhara
Põhara is a village in Pärnu urban municipality, Pärnu County, in southwestern Estonia. It has a population of 98 (as of 1 January 2011). Prior to the 2017 administrative reform of local governments, it was located in Audru Parish.

Pärnu County
Pärnu County (Estonian: Pärnu maakond or Pärnumaa; German: Kreis Pernau) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It is located in the southwestern part of the country, on the coast of the Gulf of Riga, and it borders Lääne and Rapla counties to the north, Järva and Viljandi counties to the east, and Latvia to the south. In 2022, Pärnu County had a population of 85,705, constituting 6.4% of the total population of Estonia.

Pärnu County is the largest county of Estonia in terms of land area.
Obstetrical nursing
Obstetrical nursing, also called perinatal nursing, is a nursing specialty that works with patients who are attempting to become pregnant, are currently pregnant, or have recently delivered. Obstetrical nurses help provide prenatal care and testing, care of patients experiencing pregnancy complications, care during labor and delivery, and care of patients following delivery. Obstetrical nurses work closely with obstetricians, midwives, and nurse practitioners. They also provide supervision of patient care technicians and surgical technologists.

Nurse practitioner
A nurse practitioner (NP) is an advanced practice registered nurse and a type of mid-level practitioner. NPs are trained to assess patient needs, order and interpret diagnostic and laboratory tests, diagnose disease, prescribe medications and formulate treatment plans. NP training covers basic disease prevention, coordination of care, and health promotion.
ASD Viareggio Calcio
Associazione Sportiva Dilettanistica Viareggio Calcio, usually referred to simply as Viareggio, is an Italian football club located in Viareggio, Tuscany.

Viareggio Calcio, as of 2021–22 season, plays in Tuscan Second Category.

Terza Categoria
The Terza Categoria is the lowest level of amateur football in Italy.  It is the ninth level in the Italian football league system. Each individual league winner within the Terza Categoria level progresses to their closest regional league in the Seconda Categoria level.  Unlike all the levels above the Terza Categoria, there is no relegation.

This level of Italian football is completely amateur and is run on a provincial level from the Local and Provincial Committees. It is also the only Italian football division where head coaches are not requested to own any license released by the federation.

In theory, this is the final league in Italy from which a team can rise the ranks and eventually become Serie A champions.
Metaceratodus
Metaceratodus is an extinct genus of prehistoric lungfish in the family Ceratodontidae, with an indeterminate specimen known from the Late Triassic (Norian)-aged Lissauer Breccia of Poland and more complete specimens known from the Late Cretaceous of Queensland, Australia and Argentina (Malargue Group). The genus was named and described by Frederick Chapman in 1914.

Norian
The Norian is a division of the Triassic Period. It has the rank of an age (geochronology) or stage (chronostratigraphy). It lasted from ~227.3 to 205.7 million years ago. It was preceded by the Carnian and succeeded by the Rhaetian.
Shokolad, Menta, Mastik
Shokolad, Menta, Mastik (Hebrew: שוקולד מנטה מסטיק, English translation: Chocolate, mint, gum) was an Israeli musical trio active from 1972 to 1978. It initially consisted of Yardena Arazi, Ruthie Holzman and Tami Azaria. Azaria was replaced by Leah Lupatin in 1973.

All the performers served in the Israel Defense Forces as part of Lehakat HaNahal. The trio performed both in Israel and internationally, especially after being Israel's 1976 entry to the Eurovision Song Contest with "Emor Shalom".

Leah Lupatin later worked with 1979 Eurovision winners Milk and Honey, replacing Gali Atari to perform their winning Eurovision entry "Hallelujah" in live concerts, including the 1981 Songs of Europe programme.

Chewing gum
Chewing gum is a soft, cohesive substance designed to be chewed without being swallowed. Modern chewing gum is composed of gum base, sweeteners, softeners/plasticizers, flavors, colors, and, typically, a hard or powdered polyol coating. Its texture is reminiscent of rubber because of the physical-chemical properties of its polymer, plasticizer, and resin components, which contribute to its elastic-plastic, sticky, chewy characteristics.
1928 Swedish general election
General elections were held in Sweden between 15 and 21 September 1928. The Swedish Social Democratic Party remained the largest party, winning 90 of the 230 seats in the Andra kammaren of the Riksdag. Arvid Lindman of the General Electoral League became Prime Minister, replacing the incumbent, Carl Gustaf Ekman of the Free-minded National Association. The elections have since become known as the "Cossack election" due to the harsh tone and aggressive criticism used by both sides.

Free-minded National Association
The Free-minded National Association (Swedish: Frisinnade Landsföreningen) was a political party in Sweden. The party was in government from 1905 to 1906 and from 1911 to 1914 under the leadership of Karl Staaff, from 1917 to 1920 under the leadership of Nils Edén, from 1926 to 1928 and from 1930 to 1932 under the leadership of Carl Gustaf Ekman and briefly from August to September 1932 under the leadership of Felix Hamrin.

Established in 1902, in 1923 the party split over the issue of alcohol prohibition and the anti-ban minority formed the Liberal Party of Sweden. The two parties reunited again in 1934 as the People's Party.
James Jonas Dodd
James Jonas Dodd (1863 – September 1925) was a British solicitor and political activist.

Born in Woolwich, Dodd was educated at Colfe's School in Lewisham.  He qualified as a solicitor, specialising in representing working-class members of Hoxton Hall, Kingsgate Baptist Church, and Bell Street Domestic Mission.  He also spent time living in Spennymoor and West Hartlepool, and wrote a History of Spennymoor.

Dodd worked as a solicitor for many years, and became known as an advocate of legal reform, giving evidence to the Divorce Commission.  He joined the Fabian Society in 1910, and through it became active in the Labour Party.  He stood unsuccessfully in Hereford at the 1922 United Kingdom general election, and in St Marylebone at the 1923 United Kingdom general election.

Dodd also wrote several books under the pseudonym "Arnold Crossley", including Marriage and Baby Culture and the Compleat Baby Book.

Fabian Society
The Fabian Society (/ˈfeɪbiən/) is a British socialist organisation whose purpose is to advance the principles of social democracy and democratic socialism via gradualist and reformist effort in democracies, rather than by revolutionary overthrow. It is related to radicalism, a left-wing liberal tradition.

As one of the founding organisations of the Labour Representation Committee in 1900, and as an important influence upon the Labour Party which grew from it, the Fabian Society has strongly influenced British politics. Members of the Fabian Society have included political leaders from other countries, such as Jawaharlal Nehru and Lee Kuan Yew, who adopted Fabian principles as part of their own political ideologies. The Fabian Society founded the London School of Economics in 1895.

Today, the society functions primarily as a think tank and is one of twenty socialist societies affiliated with the Labour Party. Similar societies exist in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Italy.
Wheelchair fencing at the 2012 Summer Paralympics – Women's épée B
The women's épée category B fencing competition at the 2012 Summer Paralympics was held on 5 September 2012 at the ExCeL Exhibition Centre in London. This class was for athletes who had good trunk control and their fencing arm was not affected by their impairment.

Excel London
Excel London (formerly styled as ExCeL, an abbreviation for Exhibition Centre London) is an international exhibition and convention centre in the Custom House area of Newham, East London. The facility is situated on a 100-acre (0.40 km2) site on the northern quay of the Royal Victoria Dock in London Docklands, located between Canary Wharf and London City Airport.
Fiszor
The Fiszor is a river of Wyszków County in the Masovian Voivodeship of eastern central Poland, a left tributary of the Bug River. It is 27.16 kilometres (16.88 mi) long and flows through Choszczowe, Mostówka, in the vicinity of Niegów and the village of Młynarze in Gmina Wyszków district. It flows into the Bug near the village of Słopsk, which is roughly 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast by air from the northern outskirts of Warsaw.

Gmina Wyszków
Gmina Wyszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wyszków County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyszków, which lies approximately 53 kilometres (33 mi) north-east of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 165.6 square kilometres (63.9 sq mi) and, in 2006, its total population was 37,872 (of which the population of Wyszków amounted to 27,010 and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 10,862).
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R. is a first-person shooter survival horror video game franchise developed by Ukrainian game developer GSC Game World. The series is set in an alternate version of the present-day Chernobyl exclusion zone in Ukraine, where, according to the series' backstory, a mysterious second Chernobyl disaster took place in 2006. As a result, the physical, chemical, and biological processes in the area were altered, spawning numerous nature-defying anomalies, artifacts, and mutants. The player takes the role of a "stalker" - a name given to trespassers and adventurers who have come to explore the exclusion zone and its strange phenomena.

The series is based on the novel Roadside Picnic by Arkady and Boris Strugatsky, and influenced by the 1979 film Stalker by Andrei Tarkovsky which was itself adapted from Roadside Picnic.

Parallel universes in fiction
A parallel universe, also known as an alternate universe, world, or dimension, is a plot device in fiction which uses the notion of a hypothetical universe co-existing with another, typically to enable alternative narrative possibilities. The sum of all potential parallel universes that constitute reality is often called the "multiverse".

The device serves several narrative purposes. Among them, parallel universes have been used to allow stories with elements that would ordinarily violate the laws of nature, to enable characters to meet and interact with alternative versions of themselves or others from their home universe, thus enabling further character development, and to serve as a starting point for speculative fiction, particularly alternate history.
Cross Rivers State Ministry of health
The Cross River State Ministry of Health is a government ministry of Nigeria with the task of formulating and implementing policies designed to strengthen the state's health system, thereby ensuring the delivery of effective, efficient, and equitable healthcare services to all residents across the state. The ministry is located at Michael Ani Secretariat Diamond Road Pmb 1049 Calabar, Cross River.

Calabar
Calabar (also referred to as Callabar, Calabari, Calbari, Cali  and Kalabar) is the capital city of Cross River State, Nigeria. It was originally named Akwa Akpa, in the Efik language, as the Efik people dominate this area. The city is adjacent to the Calabar and Great Kwa rivers, and the creeks of the Cross River (from its inland delta).

Calabar was once described as the tourism capital of Nigeria, especially due to several initiatives implemented during the administration of Donald Duke as the Governor of Cross River State (1999–2007). The city became the cleanest and most environmentally friendly city in Nigeria.

Administratively, the city is divided into Calabar Municipal and Calabar South Local Government Areas. It has an area of 406 square kilometres (157 sq mi) and, as of the 2006 census, a population of 371,022. Both LGAs together had an estimated population of 571,500 in 2022.
Tangi Satyanarayana
Tangi Satyanarayana (1931 – 25 October 2009) was an Indian politician.

He was elected as an Independent candidate from Srikakulam in 1967. Later he joined the Telugu Desam Party and was reelected in 1983 under the leadership of N. T. Rama Rao.

He served as the Speaker of the Vidhan Sabha, the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly from 18 January 1983 to 28 August 1984 during the Telugu Desam Party (TDP) government. After the fall of N. T. Rama Rao's government, he joined with Nadendla Bhaskara Rao and subsequently, was made revenue minister for a brief period.

Satyanarayana died on 25 October 2009, in his native village of Killipalem in Srikakulam district following a long illness at the age of 84.

Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly (Telugu: ఆంధ్రప్రదేశ్ శాసన సభ, ISO: Āndhra Pradēś Śāsana Sabha) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the Indian state, Andhra Pradesh.

The Legislative Assembly consists of 175 members who are elected by adult universal suffrage under the first-past-the-post system. The duration of the Assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting unless it is decided to dissolve the Assembly sooner. The Legislative Assembly's main functions include legislation, overseeing of administration, passing the budget, and airing public grievances.

The Legislative Assembly holds three sessions annually, one for Budget and the other for Monsoon and Winter sessions.

The Legislative Assembly took up residence in the interim Legislative Assembly Building in Amaravati beginning from the 2017 Budget session. The new building has systems for automatic speech translation and automatic vote recording.
WIG20
The WIG20 is a capitalization-weighted stock market index of the twenty largest companies on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. WIG is an acronym for "Warszawski Indeks Giełdowy", which translates to Warsaw Stock Index in Polish. However, so that no sector would dominate the index, the rule was introduced that there can be a maximum of 5 companies per sector. In this way, for example, there are 5 banks in the index. Companies also have different shares in the index, with clear consequences.

The all-time high of the index is 3,940.53 points, set during the intraday on 29 October 2007.

In 2013, a new stock market index WIG30 was created. It lists the 30 major Polish blue chip companies on the WSE Main Market.

Stock market index
In finance, a stock market index or stock index is an index that measures the performance of a stock market, or of a subset of a stock market. It helps investors compare current stock price levels with past prices to calculate market performance.

Two of the primary criteria of an index are that it is investable and transparent: The methods of its construction are specified. Investors may be able to invest in a stock market index by buying an index fund, which is structured as either a mutual fund or an exchange-traded fund, and "tracks" an index. The difference between an index fund's performance and the index, if any, is called tracking error.
Twohill
Twohill is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Twohill (born 1954), Australian musician

Lorraine Twohill, Irish marketer

Pat Twohill (1915–1989), New Zealand actor and radio announcer

Pat Twohill
Edmund Patrick Twohill (22 October 1915 – 7 October 1989) was a New Zealand actor and radio announcer who worked extensively in Australian film, radio and theatre, often under the name John Sherwood.

Twohill went to England aged 21 and was cast in the second lead role in a boxing film with John Mills called Only Pain is Real. It was cancelled due to the war and he returned home.

He is best known for his role in the classic war film in Forty Thousand Horsemen (1940) although this has been described as a "nothing part". After this he took the stage name John Sherwood. He said he did this to avoid confusion over the spelling of his real name.

Twohill had a long association with radio station 2SM as an announcer.