hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Diphenylamine
Diphenylamine is an organic compound with the formula (C6H5)2NH. The compound is a derivative of aniline, consisting of an amine bound to two phenyl groups. The compound is a colorless solid, but commercial samples are often yellow due to oxidized impurities. Diphenylamine dissolves well in many common organic solvents, and is moderately soluble in water. It is used mainly for its antioxidant properties. Diphenylamine is widely used as an industrial antioxidant, dye mordant and reagent and is also employed in agriculture as a fungicide and antihelmintic.

Reagent
In chemistry, a reagent (/riˈeɪdʒənt/ ree-AY-jənt) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. A reactant is a substance or compound that is consumed in a chemical reaction. The terms reactant and reagent are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a substance consumed in the course of a chemical reaction; reagent is used in the context of chemical analysis, while reactant is used in the context of reaction itself. Solvents, though involved in the reaction mechanism, are usually not called reactants. Similarly, catalysts are not consumed by the reaction, so they are not reactants. In biochemistry, especially in connection with enzyme-catalyzed reactions, the reactants are commonly called substrates.
Camalaniugan Church Ruins
Camalaniugan Church Ruins are ruins of a Roman Catholic church located in Camalaniugan, Cagayan, Philippines. Built in 1596, the church was dedicated to Hyacinth of Poland, a Dominican priest and saint.

Camalaniugan
Camalaniugan, officially the Municipality of Camalaniugan (Ibanag: Ili nat Camalaniugan; Ilocano: Ili ti Camalaniugan; Tagalog: Bayan ng Camalaniugan), is a municipality in the province of Cagayan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 25,629 people.

This town is home to the oldest Christian bell in the Far East and is also the birthplace of Don Vicente Nepomuceno, the esteemed author of "Historia Nac Cagayan", a historical book written in the Ibanag language.
Gintautas Jakštas
Gintautas Jakštas (Lithuanian: [ɡʲɪnˈtɐʊ.tɐs jɐkʃˈtɐs]; born 28 May 1990) is a Lithuanian education specialist who served as Minister of Education, Science and Sports of Lithuania from 3 July 2023 until his formal resignation on 10 April 2024.

Specialist degree
The specialist degree is an academic degree conferred by a college or university. The degree is formatted differently worldwide and may be either a five-year program or a doctoral level graduate program that occurs after a master's degree but before a doctoral degree. In the post-Soviet system, the degree is between a bachelor's and a master's degree.
Donkey Punch (2008 film)
Donkey Punch is a 2008 British horror thriller film directed by Olly Blackburn and written by Blackburn and David Bloom. Starring Nichola Burley, Sian Breckin, Tom Burke, Jaime Winstone and Julian Morris, it follows a group of English people on holiday in Spain who end up fighting for their lives.

The New York Observer
The New York Observer was a weekly newspaper established in 1987. In 2016, it ceased print publication and became the online-only newspaper Observer. The media site focuses on culture, real estate, media, politics and the entertainment and publishing industries.
Narsingpura
Narsingpura is one of the Jain communities. It originated from the Mewar (Rajasthan) region. Many of them have migrated to Gujarat, MP, and recently to Maharashtra.

Narsingpura community follows Digambar Jain sect. According to tradition, it was founded by  Acharya Ramasena who belonged to Kashtha Sangh order, at a town called Narsingpura Patan of Mewad, now Lunada in Dist Udaipur.

The last Bhattaraka of the Kashtha Sangh Naditat Gaccha at Pratapgarh was Bhattarak Yashkirtijee Maharaj ordained in Samvat 1974. His disciples Pandit Raamchandraji and Daadamchandji have compiled the historical account of the community. They follow the Bispanth traditions.

They have an organization All India  Narsingpura Mahasabha. Kesariaji tirtha is of special significance to this community.

Mewar
Mewar, also spelled as Mewad, is a historical region located in the south-eastern part of the Indian state of Rajasthan. It includes the present-day districts of Udaipur, Rajsamand, Bhilwara, Chittorgarh and Pratapgarh in Rajasthan. The language of this region is known as Mewari, one of the dialects of the Rajasthani language spoken as a lingua franca by the different ethnic groups assembled altogether in one identity called the Mewaris.
Succubi: The Dawn's Early Light
"Succubi: The Dawn's Early Light" is the fifth episode of the first season of the comedic sword and sorcery series Kröd Mändoon and the Flaming Sword of Fire. It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on April 30, 2009. The episode was written by series co-developer Brad Johnson and directed by Alex Hardcastle. In "Succubi: The Dawn's Early Light", Kröd and his friends are tempted by evil Succubi during a quest to warn the resistance movement of danger, and Dongalor seeks the tears of a Pagan woman in order to activate his secret ancient weapon.

Kröd Mändoon and the Flaming Sword of Fire
Kröd Mändoon and the Flaming Sword of Fire is a British-American comedic sword and sorcery series created by Peter A. Knight, co-produced by Hat Trick Productions and Media Rights Capital for Comedy Central and BBC Two, which premiered on April 9, 2009 in the US and on June 11 in the UK.
Cranssen v R
Cranssen v the King is a decision of the High Court of Australia.

The case is notable for its statements of principle that apply to sentencing discretion in Australia. For this purpose, it was most recently cited by the High Court in 2011. It is often cited alongside House v The King.

At issue was an appeal of sentence by Fr Anthony Cranssen, a Dutch Catholic priest who was convicted of arson in the Territory of New Guinea. He had been sentenced to five years imprisonment and hard labour by the Supreme Court at Rabaul. Crassen had organised an armed group of Papuans, and instructed them to burn down huts belonging to Lutheran Papuans from outside the locality of his mission.

The case was reported on by The Otago Daily Times.

Otago Daily Times
The Otago Daily Times (ODT) is a newspaper published by Allied Media Ltd in Dunedin, New Zealand. The ODT is one of the country's four main daily newspapers, serving the southern South Island with a circulation of around 26,000 and a combined print and digital annual audience of 304,000. Founded in 1861 it is New Zealand's oldest surviving daily newspaper – Christchurch's The Press, six months older, was a weekly paper until March 1863.

Its motto is "Optima Durant" or "Quality Endures".
Timothy James Beck
Timothy James Beck is the collective pseudonym of four 21st-century American novelists — Timothy Forry, Timothy J. Lambert, Jim Carter, and Becky Cochrane — whose collaborative fiction focuses primarily on homosexuals, drag queens, other sexual minorities, and their families and friends. Beck's work is mostly set in Manhattan.

Beck's 2006 novel Someone Like You was a finalist for the 2007 Lambda Literary Awards in the Gay Romance category.

The four writers met online and started writing together in a tandem fiction experiment.  When friends and contacts began following their Manhattan tales and asking for more in the manner of Armistead Maupin's readers, they sought and found an agent and publisher.  At the beginning, two of the writers lived in Manhattan, one in Texas, and one in California.  In time, the two New Yorkers have moved to Connecticut and Texas.

Collaborative fiction
Collaborative fiction is a form of writing by a group of authors who share creative control of a story.

Collaborative fiction can occur for commercial gain, as part of education, or recreationally – many collaboratively written works have been the subject of a large degree of academic research.
Sabase Station
Sabase Station (鯖瀬駅, Sabase-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the town of Kaiyō, Kaifu District, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Shikoku and has the station number "M25".

Tokushima Prefecture
Tokushima Prefecture (徳島県, Tokushima-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [to.kɯ̥ꜜ.ɕi.ma, tokɯ̥.ɕiꜜ.ma, to.kɯ̥.ɕi.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Shikoku. Tokushima Prefecture has a population of 682,439 (1 February 2025) and has a geographic area of 4,146 km2 (1,601 sq mi). Tokushima Prefecture borders Kagawa Prefecture to the north, Ehime Prefecture to the west, and Kōchi Prefecture to the southwest.

Tokushima is the capital and largest city of Tokushima Prefecture, with other major cities including Anan, Naruto, and Yoshinogawa. Tokushima Prefecture is located on the Kii Channel, connecting the Pacific Ocean and Seto Inland Sea, across from Wakayama Prefecture on the Kii Peninsula of the island of Honshu. Tokushima Prefecture is connected to Awaji Island across the Naruto Strait by the Ōnaruto Bridge as part of the Kobe-Awaji-Naruto Expressway, connecting the prefecture to the city of Kobe and the San'yō Expressway on Honshu.
When the Trees Were Tall
When the Trees Were Tall (Russian: Когда деревья были большими, translit. Kogda derevya byli bolshimi) is a 1961 Soviet romantic drama film directed by Lev Kulidzhanov. The film was screened at the 1962 Cannes Film Festival.

This film happened to be one of the first for Yuri Nikulin. This was also one of the most significant role for the career of Inna Gulaya, who played the female lead in the film. It was also Lydmila Chursina's debut film.

1962 Cannes Film Festival
The 15th Cannes Film Festival took place from 7 to 23 May 1962. Japanese writer and diplomat Tetsurō Furukaki served as jury president for the main competition.

The Palme d'Or went to the O Pagador de Promessas (Keeper of Promises) by Anselmo Duarte.

During the Cannes Film Festival of 1961, Robert Favre le Bret, artistic director of the Cannes Film Festival, with the agreement of the French Union of Film Critics, had decided to establish the International Critics' Week during the next Festival. In 1962, this parallel section of the Festival took place for the first time. Its goal was to showcase first and second works by directors from all over the world, not succumbing to commercial tendencies.

The festival opened with The Lovers of Teruel by Raymond Rouleau.
Gingival margin
In dental anatomy, the free gingival margin is the interface between the sulcular epithelium and the epithelium of the oral cavity.  This interface exists at the most coronal point of the gingiva, otherwise known as the crest of the marginal gingiva.

Because the short part of gingiva existing above the height of the underlying alveolar process of maxilla, known as the free gingiva, is not bound down to the periosteum that envelops the bone, it is moveable. However, due to the presence of gingival fibers such as the dentogingival and circular fibers, the free gingiva remains pulled up against the surface of the tooth unless being pushed away by, for example, a periodontal probe or the bristles of a toothbrush.

Periosteum
The periosteum is a membrane that covers the outer surface of all bones, except at the articular surfaces (i.e. the parts within a joint space) of long bones. (At the joints of long bones the bone's outer surface is lined with "articular cartilage", a type of hyaline cartilage.) Endosteum lines the inner surface of the medullary cavity of all long bones.
Joss Ackland
Sidney Edmond Jocelyn Ackland (29 February 1928 – 19 November 2023) was an English actor who appeared in more than 130 film, radio and television roles. He was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role for portraying Jock Delves Broughton in White Mischief (1987).

BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role
Best Actor in a Supporting Role is a British Academy Film Award presented annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) to recognise an actor who has delivered an outstanding supporting performance in a film.

The British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA), is a British organisation that hosts annual awards shows for film, television, children's film and television, and interactive media. Since 1968, selected actors have been awarded with the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role at an annual ceremony.

In the following lists, the titles and names in bold with a gold background are the winners and recipients respectively; those not in bold are the nominees. The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released, not the year of the ceremony, which always takes place the following year.
Raphael Cheenath
Raphael Cheenath (29 December 1934 – 14 August 2016) was the archbishop of Cuttack-Bhubaneswar, India. He was ordained a priest of the Society of the Divine Word on 21 September 1963 and appointed bishop of Sambalpur, India on 28 February 1974. He was appointed  archbishop of Cuttack-Bhubaneswar on 1 July 1985 and retired on 11 February 2011. Cheenath died on 14 August 2016 at Holy Spirit Hospital in Mumbai.

Archdiocese of Cuttack-Bhubaneswar
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cuttack-Bhubaneswar (Latin: Cuttacken(sis)-Bhubanesvaren(sis)) is an archdiocese located in the cities of Cuttack, Bhubaneswar and covering the entire Kandhamal district in India.
Clearwater Executive Airport
27°58′36″N 082°45′31″W﻿ / ﻿27.97667°N 82.75861°W﻿ / 27.97667; -82.75861

Clearwater Executive Airport (IATA: CLW, ICAO: KCLW, FAA LID: CLW) is a city-owned public-use airport located three miles (4.8 km) northeast of the central business district of Clearwater, a city in Pinellas County, Florida, United States. As of March 1, 2023, The airpark is managed by FlyUSA Inc. On March 31st, 2025 the Clearwater City Council officially approved renaming of Clearwater Airpark to Clearwater Executive Airport.

Pinellas County, Florida
Pinellas County (US: /pɪˈnɛləs/, pih-NEL-əss) is located on the west central coast of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 959,107, making it the seventh-most populous county in the state. It is also the most densely populated county in Florida, with 1,326 residents per square kilometer. The county is part of the Tampa–St. Petersburg–Clearwater Metropolitan Statistical Area. Clearwater is the county seat. St. Petersburg is the largest city in the county, as well as the largest city in Florida that is not a county seat.
1990 Richmond upon Thames London Borough Council election
The 1990 Richmond upon Thames Borough Council election took place on 3 May 1990 to elect members of Richmond upon Thames London Borough Council in London, England. The whole council was up for election and the Liberal Democrats (successors of the SDP–Liberal Alliance) stayed in overall control of the council.

Richmond upon Thames London Borough Council
Richmond upon Thames London Borough Council, also known as Richmond upon Thames Council, LBRUT or Richmond Council, is the local authority for the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames in Greater London, England. The council has been under Liberal Democrat majority control since 2018. Although the borough is named after Richmond, the council meets at York House in Twickenham, and has its main offices in the adjoining Civic Centre.
Campion (lacewing)
Campion is a genus of mantisflies belonging to the subfamily Mantispinae.

The species of this genus are endemic to Australia, where they are widely distributed. Like most mantispids, they are homometabolous, with eggs laid on bark or other surfaces and parasitism of spider egg sacs practiced by larvae after hatching. Known hosts of Campion larvae include lycosid spiders and tarantulas.

Campion species are similar in appearance and may be difficult to distinguish.

Species:

Campion australasiae (Guérin-Méneville, 1844)

Campion callosus Lambkin, 1986

Campion chrysops (Stitz, 1913)

Campion cruciferus (Navás, 1914)

Campion impressus (Navás, 1914)

Campion kroombitensis Lambkin & New, 1994

Campion rubellus Navás, 1914

Campion spiniferus Lambkin, 1986

Campion tenuistriga (Gerstaecker, 1885)

Campion vittatus (Guérin-Ménéville, 1831)

Holometabolism
Holometabolism, also called complete metamorphosis, is a form of insect development which includes four life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and imago (or adult). Holometabolism is a synapomorphic trait of all insects in the clade Holometabola. Immature stages of holometabolous insects are very different from the mature stage. In some species, a holometabolous life cycle minimizes competition between larvae and adults by separating their ecological niches. The morphology and behavior of each stage are adapted for different activities. For example, larval traits maximize feeding, growth, and development, while adult traits enable dispersal, mating, and egg laying. Some species of holometabolous insects protect and feed their offspring. Other insect developmental strategies include ametabolism and hemimetabolism.
Port Talbot Railway 0-8-2T (Cooke)
The Cooke 0-8-2T were two 0-8-2T steam tank locomotives built in 1899 for the Port Talbot Railway (PTR), South Wales.  Their PTR numbers were 20 and 21 and they became Great Western Railway (GWR) nos. 1378 and 1379 in 1922.

The PTR obtained tenders from six British and three American companies and the winning tender was from the Cooke Locomotive and Machine Works of Paterson, New Jersey, United States.  Cooke's London agents were Thomas W. Ford & Company of Palace Chambers, 9 Bridge Street, Westminster.

The locomotives were fairly British in appearance, but had some notable characteristics of American locomotive practice, such as bar frames, and the smokebox being a separate piece from the steam chest, the latter being a "saddle" connecting to the cylinders, upon which the former was mounted on top.  Both were fitted with new taper boilers at the GWR's Swindon Works in 1908.

Paterson, New Jersey
Paterson (English pronunciation: /ˈpætɚsən/ ⓘ) is the largest city in and the county seat of Passaic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, Paterson was the state's third-most-populous municipality, with a population of 159,732, an increase of 13,533 (+9.3%) from the 2010 census count of 146,199, which in turn reflected a decline of 3,023 (-2.0%) from the 149,222 counted in the 2000 census. The Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program calculated a population of 156,452 for 2023, making it the 168th-most populous municipality in the nation.

A prominent mill town within the New York–New Jersey metropolitan area, Paterson has been known as Silk City for its once-dominant role in silk production during the latter half of 19th century. It has since evolved into a major destination for Hispanic immigrants as well as for immigrants from Turkey, the Arab world, and South Asia. Paterson has the nation's second-largest per capita Muslim population.
Mañón
Mañón (Galician pronunciation: [maˈɲoŋ]), also registered in the past as Maañón 43°46′09.10″N 7°41′08.09″W﻿ / ﻿43.7691944°N 7.6855806°W﻿ / 43.7691944; -7.6855806, is a municipality in north-western Spain in the province of A Coruña, in the autonomous community of Galicia. It belongs to the comarca of Ortegal. Ferrolterra's population represents the third largest concentration of people in Galicia, and its disperse population exceeds 211,000 (2005).

Province of A Coruña
The province of A Coruña (Galician: provincia da Coruña [pɾoˈβinθjɐ ðɐ koˈɾuɲɐ]; Spanish: provincia de La Coruña [la koˈɾuɲa] ⓘ; historical English: Corunna) is the northwesternmost province of Spain, and one of the four provinces which constitute the autonomous community of Galicia. This province is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and north, Pontevedra Province to the south and Lugo Province to the east. It has a population of 1,128,449 across its 93 municipalities.
V. O. Chidambaram College
V. O. Chidambaram College (commonly known as VOC College) is a college of arts and sciences in Tuticorin, (Thoothukudi), a southern city of Tamil Nadu, India. The college, founded by Kulapathi A. P. C. Veerabahu in 1951, has been recognized by UGC under the 12(b) and 2(f). Named in honour of V. O. Chidambaram Pillai, this postgraduate and research centre is affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli. It offers undergraduate courses, postgraduate courses, and research courses. Managed by V. O. Chidambaram Educational Society, the college provides higher education to the economically and gender-wise discriminated sections hailing from the backward areas of southern districts of Tamilnadu, India.

The College is ranked 28th among colleges in India by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) in 2024.

National Institutional Ranking Framework
National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) is a ranking methodology released annually by the Ministry of Education, Government of India, to rank institutions of higher education in India. The framework was approved by the former Ministry of Human Resource Development (now the Ministry of Education) and launched by the Minister on 29 September 2015.

Depending on their areas of operation,  institutions have been ranked under 11 different categories – overall, university, colleges, engineering, management, pharmacy, law, medical, architecture, dental and research. The Framework uses several parameters for ranking purposes like resources, research, and stakeholder perception. These parameters have been grouped into five clusters and these clusters were assigned certain weights. These weights depend on the type of institution. About 3500 institutions voluntarily participated in the first round of rankings.
Biš
Biš (pronounced [ˈbiːʃ]) is a village in the Municipality of Trnovska Vas in northeastern Slovenia. It lies on the regional road from Lenart to Ptuj. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

The chapel with a belfry in the centre of the village dates to 1888.

A Roman period burial ground with four now destroyed burial mounds has been identified near the settlement.

Drava Statistical Region
The Drava Statistical Region (Slovene: podravska statistična regija) is a statistical region in Slovenia. The largest city in the region is Maribor. The region's name comes from the Drava River and includes land on both banks along its course through Slovenia as well as the Pohorje mountains in the northeast of the region. The Drava is used for the production of hydroelectricity and the fertile land around it is used for agriculture. The share of job vacancies in all available jobs is among the highest in Slovenia and the region has a positive net migration rate but a very high natural decrease, which means an overall decrease in the population.
Huws
Huws is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bethan Huws (born 1961), Welsh artist

Emily Huws (born 1942), Welsh writer

Emyr Huws (born 1993), Welsh footballer

Iwan Huws, Welsh politician

Meri Huws, Welsh Language Commissioner

Iwan Huws
Iwan Huws is a former executive of environmental governing bodies and political candidate.

Huws, from Y Felinheli, previously served as a chief executive of the Snowdonia National Park and as the Welsh director of the National Trust. In November 2010, Huws was selected as the Aberconwy constituency candidate for Plaid Cymru for the Welsh Assembly elections in May 2011. He was selected after the incumbent Plaid AM for Aberconwy, Gareth Jones, announced he would be standing down from the Assembly.

Huws was defeated by the Conservative candidate Janet Finch Saunders, who gained the seat from Plaid Cymru with a majority of 1,567 votes. He finished in second place with 5,321 votes.