hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Madonna and Child with Saints John the Evangelist and Augustine
The Madonna and Child with Saints John the Evangelist and Augustine is a painting of c. 1494 by Pietro Perugino depicting the Madonna and Child enthroned between Saints John the Evangelist and Augustine of Hippo. It is in the church of Sant'Agostino in Cremona. It was commissioned in 1493 by the wealthy Roncadelli family, and the following year Perugino painted it at his studio in Florence before shipping it to Cremona. It is signed and dated on the throne PETRVS PERVSINVS PINXIT MCCCCLXXXXIIII ('Pietro Perugino painted [this] 1494').

The painting was taken to France by the occupying forces after the Treaty of Tolentino in 1797 and returned in 1815. However, it was not put back in its original position on a side altar on the north side of the nave but on another side altar on the south side of the nave. It was restored in 1999.

Treaty of Tolentino
The Treaty of Tolentino was a peace treaty between Revolutionary France and the Papal States, signed on 19 February 1797 and imposing terms of surrender on the Papal side. The signatories for France were the French Directory's Ambassador to the Holy See, François Cacault, and the rising General Napoleon Bonaparte and opposite them four representatives of Pope Pius VI's curia.

It was part of the events following the Italian campaign of 1796–1797, during the War of the First Coalition. Having defeated the Austrians at the Battle of Mantua, at the Battle of Arcole and in the Battle of Rivoli, Bonaparte had no more enemies in northern Italy and was able to devote himself to the Papal States. Following nine months of negotiations between France and the Papal States, in February 1797 9,000 French soldiers invaded the Papal Romagna region, leaving the Pope no choice but to accept the French terms.
Total Drama Island (2023)
Total Drama Island is the sixth season of the Canadian animated television series Total Drama, and the first season of the revival series after its eight-year hiatus, The first part of the season premiered in Italy on K2 and Discovery+ on April 10, 2023, and the second part of the season premiered in Italy on December 4, 2023. The first part of the season also premiered in the United States on June 1, 2024, and the second part of the season premiered on May 31, 2025 on Cartoon Network with the episodes dropping next day on Max.

The season was produced by Fresh TV and Corus Entertainment, in association with Cartoon Network and the BBC, and distributed by Cake Entertainment. Despite being announced as two, 13-episode seasons, it was later revealed in the credits of the second half that they were one, 26-episode season, similar to the previous season. Unlike previous seasons, there are no alternate endings.

Fresh TV
Fresh TV Inc. (formerly Fresh Animation) is a Canadian production company specializing in family entertainment aimed at preteens and teenagers, headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. Shows that have been broadcast internationally include Stoked, 6teen, and the Total Drama franchise. They expanded their focus to include live-action, with My Babysitter's a Vampire, Really Me, and Backstage.

Fresh TV's sister company, Elliott Animation Inc., is an internationally recognized 2D and 3D animation studio based in Toronto.
James Dayrolles Crosbie
Brigadier-General James Dayrolles Crosbie, CMG, DSO, JP, DL (19 August 1865 – 18 December 1947) was an Irish Justice of the Peace, High Sheriff and Deputy Lieutenant of County Kerry, and a senior officer in the British Army during the First World War. He was the last in the Crosbie line to live in Ballyheigue Castle.

Brigadier (United Kingdom)
Brigadier (Brig) is a senior rank in the British Army and the Royal Marines. Brigadier is the superior rank to colonel and subordinate to major-general. It corresponds to the rank of brigadier general in many other nations, although it is not considered to be a general officer rank in the United Kingdom.

The rank has a NATO rank code of OF-6, placing it equivalent to the Royal Navy commodore and the Royal Air Force air commodore ranks and the brigadier general (1-star general) rank of the United States military and numerous other NATO nations.
Costomediastinal recess
The costomediastinal recess is a potential space at the border of the mediastinal pleura and the costal pleura. It assists lung expansion during deep inspiration, although its role is not as significant as the costodiaphragmatic recess, which has a greater volume. The lung expands into the costomediastinal recess even during shallow inspiration. The costomediastinal recess is most obvious in the cardiac notch of the left lung.

Potential space
In anatomy, a potential space is a space between two adjacent structures that are normally pressed together (directly apposed). Many anatomic spaces are potential spaces, which means that they are potential rather than realized (with their realization being dynamic according to physiologic or pathophysiologic events). In other words, they are like an empty plastic bag that has not been opened (two walls collapsed against each other; no interior volume until opened) or a balloon that has not been inflated. The pleural space, between the visceral and parietal pleura of the lung, is a potential space. Though it only contains a small amount of fluid normally, it can sometimes accumulate fluid or air that widens the space. The pericardial space is another potential space that may fill with fluid (effusion) in certain disease states (e.g. pericarditis; a large pericardial effusion may result in cardiac tamponade).
Derevnya razyezda Ibragimovo
Derevnya razyezda Ibragimovo (Russian: Деревня разъезда Ибрагимово; Bashkir: Ибраһим разъезы, İbrahim razyezı) is a rural locality (a village) in Savaleyevsky Selsoviet, Karmaskalinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 48 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

Karmaskalinsky District
Karmaskalinsky District (Russian: Кармаскали́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Ҡырмыҫҡалы районы, Qırmıśqalı rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders with Ufimsky and Iglinsky Districts in the north, Arkhangelsky District in the east, Gafuriysky District in the southeast, Aurgazinsky District in the south, Davlekanovsky District in the southwest, and with Chishminsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,750 square kilometers (680 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Karmaskaly. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 51,504, with the population of Karmaskaly accounting for 16.6% of that number.
Wilhelm Ripe
Wilhelm Ripe (16 November 1818 – 5 December 1885) was a German painter and graphic designer.

Ripe was born in Hahnenklee in 1818. His contributions were during the era of Romanticism.

He died in Goslar in 1885.

Graphic designer
A graphic designer is a practitioner who follows the discipline of graphic design, either within companies or organizations or independently. They are professionals in design and visual communication, with their primary focus on transforming linguistic messages into graphic manifestations, whether tangible or intangible. They are responsible for planning, designing, projecting, and conveying messages or ideas through visual communication. Graphic design is one of the most in-demand professions with significant job opportunities, as it allows leveraging technological advancements and working online from anywhere in the world.
Pneumoridae
The Pneumoridae are a family of nocturnal short-horned grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera, commonly known as the bladder grasshoppers and the sole representative of the superfamily Pneumoroidea. Their centre of diversity is in southern Africa, but one species occurs as far north as South Sudan. Most adult males acquire an inflated abdomen, a specialization for amplified sound production, which is likely its primary function. Most genera display striking sexual dimorphism, and several species exhibit a dual male phenotype.

H. Radclyffe Roberts
Howard Radclyffe Roberts Jr. (March 26, 1906 – June 11, 1982) was an American entomologist known for his work on grasshoppers. His 1941 University of Pennsylvania Ph.D. dissertation was an early work highlighting the role phallic structures could play in grasshopper taxonomy. While serving in World War II, he and Edward Shearman Ross cowrote The Mosquito Atlas, used by the armed forces to identify malaria-transmitting mosquitos. Roberts worked for the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (ANSP), serving as its managing director from 1947 to 1972. He described dozens of grasshopper species from North and South America, and also is the eponym of several taxa named in his honor.
Abdominal epilepsy
Abdominal epilepsy is a rare condition consisting of gastrointestinal disturbances caused by epileptiform seizure activity. It is most frequently found in children, though a few cases of it have been reported in adults. It has been described as a type of temporal lobe epilepsy. Responsiveness to anticonvulsants can aid in the diagnosis. Distinguishing features of abdominal epilepsy include:

Abnormal laboratory, radiographic, and endoscopic findings revealing paroxysmal GI manifestations of unknown origin.

CNS symptoms.

An abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG).

Most published medical literature dealing with abdominal epilepsy is in the form of individual case reports. A 2005 review article found a total of 36 cases described in the medical literature.

Lateral sulcus
The lateral sulcus (or lateral fissure, also called Sylvian fissure, after Franciscus Sylvius) is the most prominent sulcus of each cerebral hemisphere in the human brain. The lateral sulcus is a deep fissure in each hemisphere that separates the frontal and parietal lobes from the temporal lobe. The insular cortex lies deep within the lateral sulcus.
Tornaco Ministry
The Tornaco Ministry was in office in Luxembourg from 26 September 1860 until 3 December 1867. It was reshuffled six times.

The government of Victor de Tornaco saw several important developments in international politics, such as the dissolution of the German Confederation in 1866 after the Austro-Prussian War, and an attempt by Napoleon III to purchase Luxembourg off William III of the Netherlands, which was prevented by Otto von Bismarck. A solution to this crisis was found in London, and made official in the Second Treaty of London: the Prussian garrison had to withdraw, the fortress of Luxembourg was demolished and Luxembourg was declared neutral and independent.

In the same period, railway lines were laid down from Wasserbillig to Trier and from Ettelbrück to Gouvy, which was a boost to the steel industry in Luxembourg.

Félix de Blochausen
Baron Félix de Blochausen (5 March 1834 – 15 November 1915), was a Luxembourgish politician.  An Orangist, he was prime minister of Luxembourg, serving for ten years, from 26 December 1874 until 20 February 1885.

He was the son of Frederic Joseph Prosper de Blochausen (1802-1886), who had been Chancellor of State of Luxembourg in The Hague.
BAP Coronel Bolognesi
Four ships of the Peruvian Navy have been named BAP Coronel Bolognesi after Peruvian Army hero Francisco Bolognesi:

BAP Coronel Bolognesi (1906), commissioned in 1907, was an Almirante Grau-class cruiser

BAP Coronel Bolognesi (CL-82), commissioned in 1959, was a Crown Colony-class cruiser

BAP Coronel Bolognesi (DD-70), commissioned in 1982, was a Friesland-class destroyer

BAP Coronel Bolognesi (FM-57), commissioned in 2006, is a Lupo-class frigate

Peruvian Army
The Peruvian Army (Spanish: Ejército del Perú, abbreviated EP) is the branch of the Peruvian Armed Forces tasked with safeguarding the independence, sovereignty and integrity of national territory on land through military force. Additional missions include assistance in safeguarding internal security, conducting disaster relief operations and participating in international peacekeeping operations. It celebrates the anniversary of the Battle of Ayacucho (1824) on December 9.
KSTH
40°34′46″N 102°19′11″W﻿ / ﻿40.57944°N 102.31972°W﻿ / 40.57944; -102.31972

KSTH (92.3 FM) is a radio station licensed to Holyoke, Colorado, United States.  The station is owned by Armada Media - Mccook. The station has a construction permit from the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to increase of effective radiated power to 35,000 watts.

Holyoke, Colorado
Holyoke is the home rule municipality that is the county seat of and the most populous municipality in Phillips County, Colorado, United States.  As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 2,346.
Milo Candini
Mario Cain "Milo" Candini (August 3, 1917 – March 17, 1998) was an American professional baseball pitcher. A 6 ft (1.83 m), 187 lb (85 kg) right-hander, he played all or part of eight seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Washington Senators (1943–44; 1946–49) and Philadelphia Phillies (1950–51). After Candini's big league career, he continued to pitch in the Pacific Coast League until 1957, primarily for the Sacramento Solons. All told, Candini's professional career lasted 20 seasons.

Games pitched
In baseball statistics, games pitched (denoted by Games G in tables of only pitching statistics) is the number of games in which a player appears as a pitcher. The statistic is also referred to as appearances, especially to refer to the number of games a relief pitcher has pitched in.

Normally, a pitcher must face at least one batter (or three batters in some relief situations), but exceptions are made in the case of injury. A notable example was Larry Yount, who suffered an injury while throwing warmup pitches after being summoned as a reliever in a Major League Baseball (MLB) game on September 15, 1971. He did not face a batter, but was credited with an appearance because he had been announced as a substitute. Yount never appeared in (or actually played in) any other MLB game.
Mount Machatschek
Mount Machatschek (66°52′S 68°4′W﻿ / ﻿66.867°S 68.067°W﻿ / -66.867; -68.067) is a prominent, mainly snow-covered mountain in northern Adelaide Island, Antarctica, about 14 nautical miles (26 km) southwest of Mount Velain. It was mapped from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (1947–48) and the Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (1956–57), and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Austrian geomorphologist Fritz Machatschek (1876–1957), who was the joint author with Erich von Drygalski of Gletscherkunde, 1942.

Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition
The Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) was an aerial survey of the Falkland Islands Dependencies and the Antarctic Peninsula which took place in the 1955–56 and 1956–57 southern summers.

Funded by the Colonial Office and organized by Peter Mott, the survey was carried out by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd.  The expedition was based at Deception Island and utilized the Oluf Sven, two Canso flying-boats, and several helicopters.

The photographic collection, held by the British Antarctic Survey as the United Kingdom Antarctic Mapping Centre, comprises about 12,800 frames taken on 26,700 kilometers of ground track.
Jeff Yabuki
Jeffery "Jeff" W. Yabuki is an American businessman currently serving as chairman of Motive Partners and chairman & CEO of InvestCloud. He previously served as the CEO of Fiserv, a Fortune 500 Company, from 2005-2020 and the executive vice president and COO of H&R Block. In 2019, Yabuki was named among the top 30 most innovative leaders in America by Forbes.

Fortune 500
The Fortune 500 is an annual list compiled and published by Fortune magazine that ranks 500 of the largest United States corporations by total revenue for their respective fiscal years. The list includes publicly held companies, along with privately held companies for which revenues are publicly available. The concept of the Fortune 500 was created by Edgar P. Smith, a Fortune editor, and the first list was published in 1955. The Fortune 500 is more commonly used than its subset Fortune 100 or superset Fortune 1000.
Catchiness
Catchiness is how easy it is for a song, tune, or phrase to be recalled. It is often taken into account when writing songs, catchphrases, advertising slogans, jingles etc.  Alternatively, it can be defined as how difficult it is for one to forget it. Songs that embody high levels of remembrance or catchiness are referred to as "catchy songs" or "earworms". While it is hard to scientifically explain what makes a song catchy, there are many documented techniques that recur throughout catchy music, such as repetition, hooks and alliteration. Selling Sounds: The Commercial Revolution in American Music says that "although there was no definition for what made a song catchy, all the songwriting guides agreed that simplicity and familiarity were vital".

The physical symptoms of listening to a catchy song include "running [it] over in our heads or tapping a foot". According to Todd Tremlin, catchy music "spread[s] because [it] resonates similarly from one mind to the next".

Alliteration
Alliteration is the repetition of syllable-initial consonant sounds between nearby words, or of syllable-initial vowels if the syllables in question do not start with a consonant. It is often used as a literary device. A common example is "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers".
I'm No Stranger to the Rain
"I'm No Stranger to the Rain" is a song recorded by American country music artist Keith Whitley. It was released in January 1989 as the fifth and final single from his album Don't Close Your Eyes, and was the last single released during Whitley's lifetime. It peaked at number-one in both the United States and Canada. Joe Diffie covered the song on Whitley's 1995 tribute album. It was written by Sonny Curtis and Ron Hellard.

The song won Single of the Year at the Country Music Association Awards in 1989 after Whitley's death.

Country Music Association Awards
The Country Music Association Awards, also known as the CMA Awards or CMAs, are presented to country music artists and broadcasters to recognize outstanding achievement in the country music industry. The televised annual presentation ceremony features performances and award presentations by popular country music artists, with occasional appearances from pop and rock artists. The CMA Awards were first presented in 1967, and televised for the first time the following year.
2011 Svenska Cupen
The 2011 Svenska Cupen (English: Swedish Cup) was the 56th season of Svenska Cupen, the main Swedish football Cup. It began on 5 March 2011 with the first match of the preliminary round and ended on 5 November with the Final. Helsingborgs IF won the cup after beating Kalmar FF 3–1 in the final, Helsingborg were also the defending champions. The winners of this competition earned a place in the second qualifying round of the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League, however the second round spot was awarded to Allsvenskan runners-up AIK since Helsingborg were already qualified for European cup play, Kalmar FF who were the runners-up of the cup were awarded AIKs previous qualification spot in the first round.

Svenska Cupen
Svenska cupen (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈsvɛ̂nːska ˈkɵ̌pːɛn], lit. 'the Swedish cup'), also known as the Swedish Cup in English, is a knockout cup competition in Swedish football and the main Swedish football cup. Svenska cupen usually refers to the men's tournament, although a women's tournament is also held. Each year 96 teams compete, comprising the 16 teams from Allsvenskan and the 16 teams of Superettan together with 64 teams from lower tiers of the league system. The winners qualify for the qualifying stages of the UEFA Europa League. The winner is awarded the Gustaf VI Adolf cup.

Svenska cupen was first held in 1941. The current holders of the cup are BK Häcken who beat Malmö FF in the 2025 final. Malmö FF are the most successful club of the competition having won 16 titles, the latest in 2024.
Thestor compassbergae
Thestor compassbergae, the Compassberg skolly, is a species of butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is endemic to South Africa, where it is only known from grassy inclusions in Nama Karoo on the mountain slopes of the Kompasberg, above Nieu-Bethesda in the East Cape.

The wingspan is 26–29 mm for males and 27–30 mm for females. Adults are on wing in mid-December. There is one generation per year.

Nieu-Bethesda
Nieu-Bethesda (Afrikaans for New Bethesda), renamed KwaNoheleni in January 2026, is a village in the Eastern Cape at the foot of the Sneeuberge, approximately 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Graaff Reinet. It was founded in 1875 as a church town, like many other Karoo villages, and attained municipal status in 1886. The name is of biblical origin (John 5:2–4) and means "place of flowing water".

In 2023, it was proposed for Nieu-Bethesda to be renamed to Kwa-Noheleni. The name change was approved in January 2026 by the Minister of Sport, Arts and Culture, with the change taking place in February 2026.
Multiplex (juggling)
Multiplexing is a juggling trick or form of toss juggling where more than one ball is in the hand at the time of the throw. The opposite, a squeeze catch, is when more than one ball is caught in the hand simultaneously on the same beat. If a multiplex throw were time-reversed, it would be a squeeze catch.

Juggling ball
Juggling balls, or simply balls,  are a popular prop used by jugglers, either on their own—usually in sets of three or more—or in combination with other props such as clubs or rings.  A juggling ball refers to any juggling object that is roughly spherical in nature.
LaFrance-Republic
LaFrance-Republic was a truck manufacturing company that was established in 1929 in Michigan as a merger of the Republic Motor Truck Company and American LaFrance. The company introduced a one-ton model in November 1929, and a "super truck" called the Mogul in 1931 powered by a 240 hp twelve-cylinder American-La France engine2. However, the company's fortunes did not improve, and it was eventually bought by Sterling Motor Truck Company.

Republic Motor Truck Company
The Republic Motor Truck Company was a manufacturer of commercial trucks from 1913 to 1929, in Alma, Michigan. By 1918, it was recognized as the largest exclusive truck manufacturer in the world, and the maker of one out of every nine trucks on the roads in the United States. It was one of the major suppliers of "Liberty trucks" used by American troops during World War I.
Canton of Aulnoye-Aymeries
The canton of Aulnoye-Aymeries is an administrative division of the Nord department, northern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Aulnoye-Aymeries.

It consists of the following communes:

Aulnoye-Aymeries
Aulnoye-Aymeries (French pronunciation: [o(l)nwaɛm(ə)ʁi]; Picard: Auno-Aymeries) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. It was established in 1953 by the merger of the former communes Aulnoye and Aymeries.

Before the opening of the high-speed railway line between Brussels and Paris, the railway station of Aulnoye-Aymeries was a major junction, where the lines Paris–Brussels and Calais–Lille–Thionville connected.