hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Predrag Matvejević
Predrag Matvejević (7 October 1932 – 2 February 2017) was a Bosnian and Croatian writer and scholar. A literature scholar who taught at universities in Zagreb, Paris and Rome, he is best known for his 1987 non-fiction book Mediterranean: A Cultural Landscape, a seminal work of cultural history of the Mediterranean region which has been translated into more than 20 languages.

History of the Mediterranean region
The history of the Mediterranean region and of the cultures and people of the Mediterranean Basin is important for understanding the origin and development of the Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Canaanite, Phoenician, Hebrew, Carthaginian, Minoan, Greek, Persian, Illyrian, Thracian, Etruscan, Iberian, Roman, Byzantine, Bulgarian, Arab, Berber, Ottoman, Christian and Islamic cultures. The Mediterranean Sea was the central superhighway of transport, trade and cultural exchange between diverse peoples encompassing three continents: Western Asia, North Africa, and Southern Europe.

Various articles are available under the category: History of the Mediterranean
2024 Montemar Challenger
The 2024 Montemar Challenger Ene Construccion was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Alicante, Spain between 18 and 24 November 2024.

Alicante
Alicante or Alacant (officially: Alacant / Alicante) is a city and municipality in the Valencian Community, Spain. It is the capital of the province of Alicante and a historic Mediterranean port. With a population of 358,608 as of 2024, it is the 2nd-largest city in the Valencian Community and the 10th-largest in Spain.

Together with Elche (Elx) and other municipalities, Alicante forms a conurbation of nearly 1 million inhabitants.
Minister of Public Works and Infrastructure
The minister of public works and infrastructure (formerly the minister of public works) is the minister of the South African government with political responsibility for South Africa's Department of Public Works. The current minister is Dean Macpherson, who was appointed by President Cyril Ramaphosa on 30 June 2024.

The ministry was created after the creation of the Union of South Africa as a British dominion in 1910.

Department of Public Works and Infrastructure
The Department of Public Works and Infrastructure (DPWI; formerly the Department of Public Works) is one of the ministries of the South African government. It is responsible for public infrastructure as well as providing accommodation and property management services to all the other ministries of the South African government. It is also responsible for promoting the national Expanded Public Works Programme and for encouraging the transformation of the construction and property industries in South Africa.
Château Suduiraut
Château Suduiraut, formerly Cru du Roy and Château de Suduiraut, is a sweet white wine ranked as Premier Cru Classé (French, “First Growth”) in the original Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855. Belonging to the Sauternes appellation in Gironde, in the region of Graves, the winery is located in Preignac, adjacent to Château d'Yquem.

Preignac
Preignac (French pronunciation: [pʁɛɲak]) is a commune in the Gironde department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.

Preignac is located in the Sauternes wine appellation of Bordeaux. Preignac station has rail connections to Langon and Bordeaux.
Henry Haslett
Henry Haslett (Died 8 November 1916 at Bexley) was one of the small group who met regularly at the Rev. Stainforth's Rectory that formed the nucleus from which The Philatelic Society, London, subsequently The Royal Philatelic Society London, was formed (although Haslett was never a member of that organisation). He may therefore be called one of the first philatelists.

Part collector, part dealer, stamps acquired by Haslett subsequently found their way into the Tapling Collection, which is now part of the British Library Philatelic Collections, and the collection of William Image. Notable stamps acquired by Haslett included Sydney Views and other old colonial stamps. He also acquired early German stamped envelopes.

Royal Philatelic Society London
The Royal Philatelic Society London (RPSL) is the oldest philatelic society in the world. It was founded on 10 April 1869 as The Philatelic Society, London. The society runs a  postal museum, the Spear Museum of Philatelic History, at its headquarters in the City of London.
Shelley C.F.C.
Shelley Community Football Club is a football club based in Shelley near Huddersfield, England but play in Kirkburton. They were most recently members of the 2024-25 Northern Counties East League having been moved from the North West Counties Football League in 2024, but resigned from the league in April 2025 and play at The Stafflex Arena at Storthes Hall Park. They are now members of Yorkshire Amateur League Premier Division.  The club is a FA Charter Standard Club affiliated to the Sheffield & Hallamshire County Football Association.

FA Charter Standard Award
The FA's Charter Standard Award recognises and rewards high quality of levels of provision in club, league and schools football. There are three levels of FA Charter Standard Award for organisations to recognise the different standards. The entry level is an 'FA Charter Standard Club', the next is an 'FA Charter Development Club', and the most advanced is the 'FA Charter Community Club'.

Since it was launched in 2001, the award has been granted to 4,500 clubs with 460 advanced level Community clubs and 120 leagues, and there are now over 2,500 Charter Standard Award Schools in England.
Ruth Infarinato
Ruth Daniela Infarinato Morrizon (born 17 June 1969 in Buenos Aires) is an Argentine actress, TV host and journalist. She has been known as one of the strongest figures in the Latin-American youth audience for being VJ for more than 10 years in MTV Latin America.

She currently lives in Miami, Florida.

Video jockey
A video jockey (abbreviated VJ or sometimes veejay) is an announcer or host who introduces music videos and live performances on commercial music television channels such as MTV, VH1, MuchMusic and Channel V.
Sunday school
A Sunday school, known as a Sabbath school in some sabbatarian Christian denominations, is an educational institution or weekly activity in a place of worship, usually Christian in character and often intended for children or neophytes.

Sunday school classes usually precede a Sunday church service and are used to provide catechesis to Christians, especially children and teenagers, and sometimes adults as well. Churches of many Christian denominations have classrooms attached to the church used for this purpose. Many Sunday school classes operate on a set curriculum, with some teaching attendees a catechism. Members often receive certificates and awards for participation, as well as attendance.

Sunday school classes may provide a light breakfast. On days when Holy Communion is being celebrated, however, some Christian denominations encourage fasting before receiving the Eucharistic elements.

Sabbath
In Abrahamic religions, the Sabbath (/ˈsæbəθ/) or Shabbat (Biblical Hebrew: שַׁבָּת [ʃa'bat]) is a day set aside for rest and worship. According to the Book of Exodus, the Sabbath is a day of rest on the seventh day commanded by Yahweh to be kept as a holy day of rest as God rested in the Genesis creation narrative. Shabbat observance is commanded in the Ten Commandments: "Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy" in the Masoretic text contrasting with the Samaritan Pentateuch which says "Keep the Sabbath day to keep it holy."

A day of rest is observed in Islam (Friday), Judaism (Saturday), and Christianity (Sunday). Observances similar to or descended from the Sabbath also exist in other religions. The term may be generally used to describe similar weekly observances in other religions.

The Sabbath might have been influenced by Babylonian mid-month rest days and lunar cycles, though its origins remain debated.
Aquamicrobium lusatiense
Aquamicrobium lusatiense is a Gram-negative, oxidase-positive, strictly aerobic bacteria from the genus Aquamicrobium with a polar flagellum, which was isolated from activated sludge in Germany. Aquamicrobium lusatiense is able to degrade 2,4-dichlorophenol, 4-chloro-2-methylphenol, 4-chlorophenol, and phenol.

Oxidase
In biochemistry, an oxidase is an oxidoreductase (any enzyme that catalyzes a redox reaction) that uses dioxygen (O2) as the electron acceptor. In reactions involving donation of a hydrogen atom, oxygen is reduced to water (H2O) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Some oxidation reactions, such as those involving monoamine oxidase or xanthine oxidase, typically do not involve free molecular oxygen.

The oxidases are a subclass of the oxidoreductases. The use of dioxygen is the only unifying feature; in the EC classification, these enzymes are scattered in many categories.
BOP clade
The BOP clade (sometimes BEP clade) is one of two major lineages (or clades) of undefined taxonomic rank in the grasses (Poaceae), containing more than 5,400 species, about half of all grasses. Well-known members of this clade include rice, some major cereals such as wheat, barley, oat, and rye, many lawn and pasture grasses, and bamboos. Its sister group is the PACMAD clade; in contrast with many species of that group who have evolved C4 photosynthesis, the BOP grasses all use the C3 photosynthetic pathway.

The clade contains three subfamilies from whose initials its name derives: the bamboos (Bambusoideae); Oryzoideae (syn. Ehrhartoideae), including rice; and Pooideae, mainly distributed in temperate regions, with the largest diversity and important cereal crops such as wheat and barley. Oryzoideae is the earliest-diverging lineage, sister to the bamboos and Pooideae:

Oryza
Oryza is a genus of plants in the grass family. It includes the major food crop rice (species Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima). Members of the genus grow as tall, wetland grasses, growing to 1–2 metres (3–7 ft) tall; the genus includes both annual and perennial species.

Oryza is situated in tribe Oryzeae, which is characterized morphologically by its single-flowered spikelets whose glumes are almost completely suppressed. In Oryza, two sterile lemma simulate glumes. The tribe Oryzeae is in subfamily Ehrhartoideae,  a group of Poaceae tribes with certain features of internal leaf anatomy in common. The most distinctive leaf characteristics of this subfamily are the arm cells and fusoid cells found in their leaves.

One species, Asian rice (O. sativa), provides 20% of global grain and is a food crop of major global importance. The species are divided into two subgroups within the genus.
Graphis argentea
Graphis argentea is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in the Andaman Islands, it was formally described as a new species in 2005 by Urmila Makhija and Bharati Adawadkar. The type specimen was collected from the beach forest of Elphiston Bay in Long Island Range (Middle Andaman Island). The species epithet argentea (incorrectly spelled argentius in the original publication), is from the Latin argenteus ("silvery"), and refers to the distinctive colour of the thallus.

Graphidaceae
The Graphidaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. The family contains nearly a hundred genera and more than 2000 species. Although the family has a cosmopolitan distribution, most Graphidaceae species occur in tropical regions, and typically grow on bark. These lichens are characterized by their crust-like growth form and typically partner with orange-pigmented Trentepohlia algae. Many species produce distinctive elongated, slit-like fruiting bodies, and some have unusually large ascospores that can begin germinating almost immediately upon release. The family originated approximately 176 million years ago and has diversified steadily since, with major bursts of new species arising alongside the spread of flowering plants and tropical rainforests.
Thomas DiLorenzo
Thomas James DiLorenzo (/diləˈrɛnzoʊ/; born August 8, 1954) is an American author and former university economics professor who is the President of the Ludwig von Mises Institute. He has written books denouncing President Abraham Lincoln and is well known among economists for his work chronicling the history of antitrust policy in the United States.

He is a research fellow at The Independent Institute, Board of Advisors member at CFACT, and an associate of the Abbeville Institute. He identifies with the Austrian School of economics. He has spoken in favor of secession and has been described as an ally of, or part of, the neo-Confederate movement.

Committee for a Constructive Tomorrow
The Committee for a Constructive Tomorrow (CFACT) is a US-based 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization founded in 1985 that advocates for free-market solutions to environmental issues. According to its mission statement, CFACT also seeks to protect private property rights, promote economic policies that reduce pollution and protect wildlife, and provide an "alternative voice on issues of environment and development".

The organization rejects the scientific consensus on climate change.
Hans Brandner
Hans Brandner (born 19 February 1949 in Berchtesgaden, Bavaria) is a German former luger who competed for West Germany from the early 1970s to the early 1980s. Competing in three Winter Olympics, He won the silver medal in the men's doubles event at Innsbruck in 1976.

Brandner also won two medals at the men's doubles event at the FIL World Luge Championships with a gold in 1979 and a bronze in 1977. He also won four medals in the men's doubles event at the FIL European Luge Championships with one gold (1977), one silver (1972), and two bronzes (1973, 1980).

Brandner's best overall finish in the men's doubles Luge World Cup was second in the inaugural 1977–8 season.

Later he managed with his wife the  "Hochkalter" hotel (named after the nearby Hochkalter mountains) in Ramsau near Berchtesgaden.

1976 Winter Olympics
The 1976 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XII Olympic Winter Games (German: XII. Olympische Winterspiele, French: XIIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver) and commonly known as Innsbruck 1976 (Austro-Bavarian: Innschbruck 1976), were a winter multi-sport event celebrated in Innsbruck, Austria, from February 4 to 15, 1976. The games were awarded to Innsbruck after Denver, the original host city, withdrew in 1972. This was the second time the Tyrolean capital had hosted the Winter Olympics, having first done so in 1964.
2012–13 NBL squads
The 2012–13 NBL season was the thirty-fifth season of the NBL. There were eight teams in the competition. The regular season was played between 5 October 2012 and 24 March 2013, followed by a post-season involving the top four in April 2013. The New Zealand Breakers were the defending champions, for the second straight year.

National Basketball League (Australia)
The National Basketball League (NBL) is a men's professional basketball league in Australasia, currently composed of ten teams: nine in Australia and one in New Zealand. It is the premier professional men's basketball league in Australia and New Zealand. The league was played in the Australian winter until 1998 when it switched to summer seasons beginning with the 1998–99 season. The NBL's regular season runs from September to February, with each team playing 33 games. The league's finals extends into March to April, culminating with the Championship grand final series.
Tarnawa (horse)
Tarnawa (foaled 9 February 2016) is an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse. After failing to win in three starts as a two-year-old in 2018 she improved in the following year to win four races including the Blue Wind Stakes, Give Thanks Stakes and Blandford Stakes. She returned in 2020 to win a second Give Thanks Stakes before taking the Prix Vermeille, Prix de l'Opera and Breeders' Cup Turf.

Prix de l'Opéra
The Prix de l'Opéra is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbred fillies and mares aged three years or older. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 2,000 metres (about 1¼ miles) each year in early October.
Danshoku Dino
Aki Miyashita (みやしたあき, Miyashita Aki; born May 18, 1977) is a Japanese professional wrestler better known as Danshoku Dino (男色ディーノ, Danshoku Dīno; lit. "Homosexual Dino", also transliterated as Danshoku Dieno). Miyashita has spent most of his career competing for DDT Pro-Wrestling (DDT), where he plays an overly exaggerated homosexual character. His ring name comes from the character of Baron Dino (男爵ディーノ, Danshaku Dīno) from the manga series Sakigake!! Otokojuku and his gimmick itself is based on openly bisexual Japanese wrestler Men's Teioh.

Sakigake!! Otokojuku
Sakigake!! Otokojuku (Japanese: 魁!!男塾; lit. 'Charge!! Men's Private School'), also known as simply Otokojuku, is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Akira Miyashita. It was originally serialized in Shueisha's Weekly Shōnen Jump from 1985 to 1991. It is staged in an all-boys school that teaches how to be true men. The students are trained to "revive the Spirit of Japan" and mainly engage in events where they will polish their manhood and push through with their guts.
1913 Copa La Nación final
The 1913 Copa de Competencia La Nación Final was the final that decided the winner of the 1st. edition of Copa de Competencia La Nación, an Argentine domestic cup organised by dissident body Federación Argentina de Football. The match was contested by Argentino de Quilmes and Rosario Central.

The final was held in Gimnasia y Esgrima Stadium in Palermo, Buenos Aires, on October 26, 1913. Rosario Central beat Argentino 3–2, winning their first national title ever.

Palermo, Buenos Aires
Palermo is a barrio or neighborhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is located in the north of the city, near the Río de la Plata.

It has a total land area of 17.4 km2 and a population of 249,016. It is the only barrio within the administrative division of Comuna 14.

Palermo is perhaps best known as the polo capital of the world. Each year, in November, the city hosts the Argentine Polo Open, commonly known as the Palermo Open.
De la Haye
de la Haye, de La Haye, or de-la-Haye is the surname of:

Charlotte-Jeanne Béraud de La Haye de Riou, known as Madame de Montesson (1738–1806), playwright, wife of Louis Philippe d'Orléans, duc d'Orléans

Corneille de La Haye, also known as Corneille de Lyon (died 1575), Dutch portrait painter

Donald De La Haye (born 1996), American football kicker for the San Antonio Brahmas and YouTube personality

Jean de La Haye (1593–1661), French Franciscan preacher and Biblical scholar

Louis Marie de la Haye, Vicomte de Cormenin (1788–1868), French jurist and political pamphleteer

Nicola de la Haye (between 1150 and 1156 to 1230), castellan of Lincoln Castle, England

Nicola de la Haie
Nicola de la Haie (born c. 1150; d. 1230), of Swaton in Lincolnshire, (also written de la Haye) was an English landowner and administrator who inherited from her father not only lands in both England and Normandy but also the post of hereditary constable of Lincoln Castle. On her own, she twice defended the castle against prolonged sieges. After the death of her second husband in 1214, she continued to hold the castle until she retired on grounds of old age in 1226.

On 18 October 1216, she was also appointed sheriff of Lincolnshire by King John.
Jalaja (film)
Jalaja or Natya Mahimai (transl. Jalaja or The Glory of Dance) is a 1938 Indian Tamil-language dance film written by Manjeri S. Isvaran, Dr. V. Raghavan and G. K. Seshagiri. The film was directed by R. R. Gautam and Seshagiri and produced by the Sagar Renaissance Theatre, a joint production by Seshagiri’s Renaissance Theatre and Sagar Movietone. It stars Bhanumathi, Lakshmi, G. K. Seshagiri and K. S. Gopalakrishan in lead roles. The film is marked as India's first dance film. It is also dedicated to Bhanumathi’s cousin, Bharatanatya Art Expert Srimathi Varalakshmi, who died early on in the film’s production. No print of the film is known to survive, making it a lost film.

Mridangam
The mridangam is an ancient percussion instrument originating from the Indian subcontinent. It is a traditional royal instrument originating in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu and is widely used in south Indian classical music, called Carnatic music, especially in its sangeetha kacherees. It is the primary rhythmic accompaniment in a Carnatic music ensemble. In dhrupad, a modified version, the pakhawaj, is the primary percussion instrument. A related instrument is the kendang, played in the Maritime Southeast Asia. It is a complex instrument to tune and involves a lot of mathematics to construct korvais.

During a percussion ensemble, the mridangam is often accompanied by the ghatam, the kanjira, and the morsing.
Joonas Tamm
Joonas Tamm (born 2 February 1992) is an Estonian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Liga II club Sepsi OSK and the Estonia national team.

Tamm was named the Estonian Footballer of the Year in 2022.

2010 Meistriliiga
The 2010 season of the Meistriliiga, the first level in the Estonian football system, was the 20th season in the league's history. It started in March and ended in November. The defending champions were Levadia.
Nisha Ravikrishnan
Nisha Ravikrishnan, also known as Nisha Milana, is an actress in the Kannada television. She began her career in television during her school days. She hosted diverse programs on Chintu Television. Her debut as an actress came with the serial Sarvamangala Mangalye. After working for a few months in Sarvamangala Mangalye , she got an opportunity to play a lead role in the serial Gattimela on Zee Kannada.
Anshu Film marks her debut on Big Screen.

Zee Kannada
Zee Kannada also known as Z Kannada is an Indian Kannada pay television general entertainment channel that was launched in the year 2006 and owned by Zee Entertainment Enterprises. It is also being as the first mainstream satellite channel in Kannada.
Ramón Barajas López
Ramón Barajas López (born 29 January 1966) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). 
In the 2006 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies 
to represent Sinaloa's 4th district during the 60th session of Congress.

4th federal electoral district of Sinaloa
The 4th federal electoral district of Sinaloa (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 04 de Sinaloa) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of seven such districts in the state of Sinaloa.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the first region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Felicita Pompa Robles of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).
2012 Tetra Pak Tennis Cup – Doubles
Marcel Felder and Caio Zampieri were the defending champions but they decided not to participate together.
Felder played alongside Máximo González, while Zampieri partnered up with Henrique Meloni.
Marcelo Demoliner and João Souza won the title, defeating Marcel Felder and Máximo González 6–1, 7–5 in the final.

Marcelo Demoliner
Marcelo Fedrizzi Demoliner (born 18 January 1989) is a Brazilian professional tennis player, who specializes in doubles. He reached a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 34 in November 2017. Demoliner has won five doubles titles.

He won his first title at the ATP 250 Antalya Open with Santiago González in June 2018, after having reached six finals at that level. He was runner-up at the ATP 500 Vienna in 2018 and Saint Petersburg in 2020.

Alongside Maria José Martinez Sanchez, he was a mixed doubles semifinalist in 2017 Wimbledon Championships and 2018 Australian Open.