hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Biandrate
Biandrate (Piedmontese: Biandrà,  Lombard: Biandraa)  is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 70 kilometres (43 miles) northeast of Turin and about 12 km (7 mi) west of Novara.

Lombard language
The Lombard language (Lombard: lombard, lumbard, lumbart or lombart, depending on the orthography; pronunciation: [lumˈbaːrt, lomˈbart]) belongs to the Gallo-Italic group within the Romance languages. It is characterized by a Celtic linguistic substratum and a Lombardic linguistic superstratum and is a cluster of homogeneous dialects that are spoken by millions of speakers in Northern Italy and southern Switzerland.  These include most of Lombardy and some areas of the neighbouring regions, notably the far eastern side of Piedmont and the extreme western side of Trentino, and in Switzerland in the cantons of Ticino and Graubünden. The language is also spoken in Santa Catarina in Brazil by Lombard immigrants from the Province of Bergamo, in Italy.
Chris Snyder (American football, born 1961)
Chris Snyder is an American football coach and college athletics administrator.  He served as the head coach at Bethany College in Bethany, West Virginia from 2002 to 2003 and at Seton Hill University from 2005 to 2007.

Seton Hill University
Seton Hill University is a private Catholic university in Greensburg, Pennsylvania, United States. Originally a women's college, it became a coeducational university in 2002 and enrolls about 2,200 students.
Rigging (material handling)
Rigging is both a noun (equipment), and verb, (the action of designing and installing the equipment), in preparation to move objects. A team of riggers design and install the equipment needed to position (raise, roll, slide or lift) objects such as heavy machinery, structural components, building materials, or large-scale fixtures with a crane, hoist or block and tackle.

Rigging comes from rig, to set up or prepare. Rigging is equipment such as wire rope, turnbuckles, clevis, jacks used with cranes and other lifting equipment in material handling and structure relocation. Rigging systems commonly include shackles, master links and slings, and lifting bags (for underwater lifting).

In the United States the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulates workplace safety including rigging in CFR 1926.251.

The Health and Safety Executive is responsible for these matters in the United Kingdom.

Material handling
Material handling involves short-distance movement within the confines of a building or between a building and a transportation vehicle. It uses a wide range of manual, semi-automated, and automated equipment and includes consideration of the protection, storage, and control of materials throughout their manufacturing, warehousing, distribution, consumption, and disposal. Material handling can be used to create time and place utility through the handling, storage, and control of waste, as distinct from manufacturing, which creates form utility by changing the shape, form, and makeup of material.
Saluda Factory Historic District
Saluda Factory Historic District is a national historic district located at West Columbia, Lexington County, South Carolina. It encompasses three contributing sites associated with the development of the area along the Saluda River; Saluda Factory, Camp Sorghum and old State Road.  The Saluda Factory ruins consist of the granite foundation and sluices from a textile mill that operated on the river between the years 1834 and 1884. The Camp Sorghum site was the site of a Confederate prison camp. It held 1,300 Union soldiers, who were confined there from the autumn of 1864 to February 1865, and subsequently transferred to Charlotte, North Carolina. The old State Road, originally the Cherokee Path, bounded Saluda Factory and Camp Sorghum on the east.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Lexington County, South Carolina
Lexington County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 293,991. Its county seat and largest community is Lexington. The county was chartered in 1785 and was named in commemoration of Lexington, Massachusetts, the site of the Battle of Lexington in the American Revolutionary War. Lexington County is the sixth-most populous county in South Carolina by population and is part of the Columbia, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Midlands region of South Carolina.
Wolf Creek Shooting Complex
The Wolf Creek Shooting Complex, now known as the Tom Lowe Shooting Grounds, is a shooting range in Fulton County, Georgia, United States, southwest of Atlanta. During the 1996 Summer Olympics it hosted the shooting event. Until 2002, it was also often used for ISSF World Cup competitions in rifle and pistol events, although such competitions in the United States have reverted to being carried out at Fort Benning.

The venue is owned by the Parks & Recreation Department of Fulton County.

It has 20 trap and skeet shooting combination fields, and nine lighted areas.

The facility has been host to several NSSA State and Zone skeet tournaments.

The range is also home to recreational shooting leagues such as the Atlanta Skeet League and the Atlanta Trap League.

Skeet shooting
Skeet shooting is a recreational and competitive activity whose participants use shotguns to attempt to break clay targets which two fixed stations mechanically fling into the air at high speed and at a variety of angles.

Skeet is one of the three major disciplines of competitive clay shooting—alongside trap shooting and sporting clays. There are several types of skeet, including one with  Olympic status (often called "Olympic skeet" or "international skeet"), and many with only national recognition.
George R. Swift
George Robinson Swift (December 19, 1887 – September 10, 1972) was a U.S. senator from the state of Alabama. He was appointed to fill the term left by the death of John H. Bankhead, II and served in the Senate from June 15 to November 5, 1946, when a successor, John J. Sparkman, was elected. Swift was in the lumber business. He served in the Alabama House of Representatives 1931-1935 and the Alabama State Senate 1935-1939 and 1947–1951. His younger brother was U.S. Army Major General Ira P. Swift.

Alabama House of Representatives
The Alabama House of Representatives is the lower house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of state of Alabama. The House is composed of 105 members representing an equal number of districts, with each constituency containing at least 42,380 citizens. There are no term limits in the House. The House is also one of the five lower houses of state legislatures in the United States that is elected every four years. Other lower houses, including the United States House of Representatives, are elected for a two-year term.

The House meets at the Alabama State House in Montgomery. The speaker of the Alabama House of Representatives is its leader.
London Buses route 15 (Heritage)
London Buses route 15H was a Transport for London contracted bus route in London, England. It ran between Tower Hill station and Trafalgar Square, and was operated by Stagecoach London subsidiary East London.

It was a short working of the standard route 15 and was the last route operated with preserved AEC Routemasters.

Stagecoach London
Stagecoach London is a major bus operator in Greater London. It is a subsidiary of Stagecoach and operates services under contract to Transport for London mostly in East and South East London, as well as some services running into Central London.

It is the largest subsidiary of the Stagecoach Group, with 283.4 million passengers journeys taken on Stagecoach London buses between May 2018 and April 2019, and as of March 2025, the fleet consisted of 1,504 buses.
Margab Fort
Margab Fort (Arabic: قلعة المرقب, lit. 'the watchtower citadel'), also known as al-Zirin Fort (Arabic: قلعة الظيرين), was a citadel in the eastern outskirts of the walled town of Riyadh in present-day Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It is not known by whom the structure was built, but its origins trace as far back as the 16th century. The fort functioned as a security checkpoint for travelers passing through the town at the time of Second Saudi State in the 19th century. It was first restored by Turki bin Abdullah and the tradition of Iftar cannon was introduced during the reign of Faisal bin Turki. It was again restored in 1936 by King Abdulaziz ibn Saud and finally demolished in the period 1954–1957 during the reign of King Saud bin Abdulaziz when the city underwent expansion. The fort lent its name to the Margab neighborhood in the city's downtown, where it stood.

Turki bin Abdullah Al Saud (1755–1834)
Turki bin Abdullah Al Saud (Arabic: ترکي بن عبدالله بن محمد;‎ 1755 – 9 May 1834) was the founder of the Emirate of Najd, also known as Second Saudi State and ruled Najd from 1823–1834 following administration by the Ottoman Empire.
Baran Moğultay
Baran Moğultay (born 18 May 2004) is a professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Süper Lig club Alanyaspor, on loan from Regionalliga West club Borussia Dortmund II. Born in Germany, he is a youth international for Turkey.

Regionalliga West
The Regionalliga West is a German professional football division administered by the Western German Football Association based in Duisburg. It is one of the five German regional football associations. Being the single flight of the Western German state association, the Regionalliga is currently a level 4 division of the German football league system. It is one of five leagues at this level, together with the Regionalliga Bayern, Regionalliga Nordost, Regionalliga Nord and the Regionalliga Südwest.
Convento de San Juan de la Penitencia, Toledo
The Convento de San Juan de la Penitencia, also known as the Colegio de Doncellas pobres de San Juan de la Penitencia, is an Isabelline former convent building that was erected in 1514 in Toledo, Spain.

The convent was established to rescue women from the street until they marry or to insert them into religious life.

The convent was commissioned by Don Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros and built by architect Pedro Gumiel, combining elements of Moorish style with the Renaissance. The altarpiece was made by Alejandro Semini.

The convent building suffered a devastating fire in 1936.  It later served as a refuge for the homeless after the Spanish Civil War.

The building currently houses the Music Conservatory and the Center for International Studies of the Ortega y Gasset Foundation.

Moorish Revival architecture
Moorish Revival or Neo-Moorish is one of the exotic revival architectural styles that were adopted by architects of Europe and the Americas in the wake of Romanticist Orientalism. It reached the height of its popularity after the mid-19th century, part of a widening vocabulary of articulated decorative ornament drawn from historical sources beyond familiar classical and Gothic modes. Neo-Moorish architecture drew on elements from classic Moorish architecture and, as a result, from the wider Islamic architecture.
Defiance (punk band)
Defiance are an American anarcho street punk band from Portland, Oregon, formed in 1993. Their discography includes five EPs, four albums, and one album of out of print and rare songs. They have been cited as major influences on bands such as Anti-Flag and The Unseen.

The Riffs
The Riffs are a rock and roll and punk band from Portland, Oregon, United States. They have released three full-length albums, all on indie labels, namely Pelado Records, Vendetta Records, and TKO Records.
Hear Nothing See Nothing Say Nothing
Hear Nothing See Nothing Say Nothing is the debut studio album by English hardcore punk band Discharge, released on 21 May 1982 by Clay Records.

The album is characterized by a minimalistic approach of music and lyrics, a heavy, distorted, and grinding guitar-driven sound and raw, shouted vocals similar to a political speech, with lyrics on anti-war themes. AllMusic calls the band's sound a "high-speed noise overload" characterized by "ferocious noise blasts."

The album is considered highly important in the evolution of extreme forms of metal and punk music, paving the way for genres such as thrash metal, black metal, crust punk and grindcore.

The sample used between the songs "Cries of Help" and "The Possibility of Life's Destruction" was taken from the 1966 pseudo-documentary The War Game.

Anti-war movement
An anti-war movement is a social movement in opposition to one or more nations' decision to start or carry on an armed conflict. The term anti-war can also refer to pacifism, which is the opposition to all use of military force during conflicts, or to anti-war books, paintings, and other works of art. Some activists distinguish between anti-war movements and peace movements. Anti-war activists work through protest and other grassroots means to attempt to pressure a government (or governments) to put an end to a particular war or conflict or to prevent one from arising.
Glossary of firelighting
This is an alphabetized glossary of terms pertaining to lighting fires, along with their definitions. Firelighting (also called firestarting, fire making, or fire craft) is the process of starting a fire artificially. Fire was an essential tool in early human cultural development. The ignition of any fire, whether natural or artificial, requires completing the fire triangle, usually by initiating the combustion of a suitably flammable material.

Heat
In thermodynamics, heat is defined as the form of energy crossing the boundary of a thermodynamic system by virtue of a temperature difference across the boundary. A thermodynamic system does not contain heat. Nevertheless, the term is also often used to refer to the thermal energy contained in a system as a component of its internal energy and that is reflected in the temperature of the system.

Calorimetry is measurement of heat by its effect on the states of interacting bodies, for example, by the amount of ice melted or by change in temperature of a body.

In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of measurement for heat is the joule (J).
Mark Lundberg
Mark Lundberg (25 March 1958 – 15 August 2008) was an American opera singer who had an active international career from the 1980s up until his sudden death in 2008. He began his career as a bass, then progressed to portraying baritone parts, and finally settled as a dramatic tenor, winning acclaim portraying Wagnerian heroes like Siegfried, Tristan and other standards of the dramatic repertoire. Samson from Saint-Saëns's Samson and Delilah and the title role in Giuseppe Verdi's Otello became "calling cards" for him. Standing at six and a half feet and possessing a big frame and a dark beard, Lundberg made a striking figure on stage.  His shoulders measured 6 and a half feet around and the Denver Post once Described as "a big blonde bear of a man", a fitting description for such a large man

Samson and Delilah (opera)
Samson and Delilah (French: Samson et Dalila), Op. 47, is a grand opera in three acts and four scenes by Camille Saint-Saëns to a French libretto by Ferdinand Lemaire. It was first performed in Weimar at the Grossherzogliches (Grand Ducal) Theater (now the Staatskapelle Weimar) on 2 December 1877 in a German translation.

The opera is based on the Biblical tale of Samson and Delilah found in Chapter 16 of the Book of Judges in the Old Testament. It is the only opera by Saint-Saëns that is regularly performed. The second act love scene in Delilah's tent is one of the set pieces that define French opera. Two of Delilah's arias are particularly well known: "Printemps qui commence" ("Spring begins") and "Mon cœur s'ouvre à ta voix" ("My heart opens itself to your voice", also known as "Softly awakes my heart"), the latter of which is one of the most popular recital pieces in the mezzo-soprano/contralto repertoire.
Ralf Brown's Interrupt List
Ralf Brown's Interrupt List (aka RBIL, x86 Interrupt List, MS-DOS Interrupt List or INTER) is a comprehensive list of interrupts, calls, hooks, interfaces, data structures, CMOS settings, memory and port addresses, as well as processor opcodes for x86 machines from the 1981 IBM PC up to 2000 (including many clones), most of it still applying to IBM PC compatibles today. It also lists some special function registers for the NEC V25 and V35 microcontrollers.

NEC V25
The NEC V25 (μPD70320) is the microcontroller version of the NEC V20 processor, manufactured by NEC Corporation. Features include:

NEC V20 core: 8-bit external data path, 20-bit address bus, machine code compatible with the Intel 8088 (the processor used in the original IBM PC)

On-chip peripheral hardware mapped in memory address space

Two-channel 16-bit timers

Internal interrupt controller

Dual-channel UART and baud rate generator for serial communications

Eight register banks,

base address of which can be dynamically relocated with Internal Data area Base (IDB) Register.

A two-channel DMA controller, enabling the direct addressing of the entire 1MB memory address space.

It was officially phased out by NEC in early 2003.
Emilijan Josimović
Emilijan Josimović (Moldova Nouă, Caraș-Severin County, then part of Austrian Empire, 1823 – Sokobanja, 25 May 1897) was a Serbian urban planner who designed the first urban plan of Belgrade at the same time as Cerdà in Barcelona and Georges-Eugène Haussmann in Paris from 1853 until 1870. Josimović was arguably the first modern Serbian urbanist and the first modern professor of architecture in Serbia.

Caraș-Severin County
Caraș-Severin (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈkaraʃ seveˈrin] ⓘ) is a county (județ) of Romania on the border with Serbia. The majority of its territory lies within the historical region of Banat, with a few northeastern villages considered part of Transylvania. The county seat is Reșița. The Caraș-Severin county is part of the Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion.
Wilson loop
In quantum field theory, Wilson loops are gauge invariant operators arising from the parallel transport of gauge variables around closed loops. They encode all gauge information of the theory, allowing for the construction of loop representations which fully describe gauge theories in terms of these loops. In pure gauge theory they play the role of order operators for confinement, where they satisfy what is known as the area law. Originally formulated by Kenneth G. Wilson in 1974, they were used to construct links and plaquettes which are the fundamental parameters in lattice gauge theory. Wilson loops fall into the broader class of loop operators, with some other notable examples being 't Hooft loops, which are magnetic duals to Wilson loops, and Polyakov loops, which are the thermal version of Wilson loops.

Operator (physics)
An operator is a function over a space of physical states onto another space of states. The simplest example of the utility of operators is the study of symmetry (which makes the concept of a group useful in this context). Because of this, they are useful tools in classical mechanics. Operators are even more important in quantum mechanics, where they form an intrinsic part of the formulation of the theory. They play a central role in describing observables (measurable quantities like energy, momentum, etc.).
1950 Iowa Senate election
The 1950 Iowa State Senate elections took place as part of the biennial 1950 United States elections. Iowa voters elected state senators in 22 of the state senate's 50 districts. State senators serve four-year terms in the Iowa State Senate.

A statewide map of the 50 state Senate districts in the 1950 elections is provided by the Iowa General Assembly here.

The primary election on June 5, 1950, determined which candidates appeared on the November 7, 1950 general election ballot.

Following the previous election, Republicans had control of the Iowa state Senate with 43 seats to Democrats' 7 seats.

To claim control of the chamber from Republicans, the Democrats needed to net 19 Senate seats.

Republicans maintained control of the Iowa State Senate following the 1950 general election with the balance of power shifting to Republicans holding 41 seats and Democrats having 9 seats (a net gain of 2 seats for Democrats).

Iowa General Assembly
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa General Assembly is the legislative branch of the state government of Iowa. Like the federal United States Congress, the General Assembly is a bicameral body, composed of the upper house Iowa Senate and the lower Iowa House of Representatives respectively. The Senate consists of four year terms and the House consists of two year terms. The General Assembly convenes within the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines since the capital was moved there in 1857. The assembly convenes annually on the second Monday in January.
Mount Peary
Mount Peary (65°15′S 63°52′W﻿ / ﻿65.250°S 63.867°W﻿ / -65.250; -63.867) is a conspicuous massif, 1,900 m, with a flat, snow-covered summit several miles in extent, surmounted by a marginal peak on the west, standing 7 nautical miles (13 km) east-northeast of Cape Tuxen and dominating the area between Wiggins and Bussey Glaciers on Kyiv Peninsula in Graham Land. Discovered by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, under Charcot and named by him for R. Admiral Robert E. Peary, U.S. Navy, American Arctic explorer and first to attain the North Pole, in 1909.

In 1976, three men in an expedition died while climbing the mountain.

Wiggins Glacier
Wiggins Glacier (65°14′S 64°3′W﻿ / ﻿65.233°S 64.050°W﻿ / -65.233; -64.050) is a 10 nautical miles (18 km) long glacier on Kyiv Peninsula in Antarctica, flowing from Bruce Plateau to the west coast of Graham Land just south of Blanchard Ridge. Charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, under Charcot, and named Glacier du Milieu ("Middle Glacier"). Feeling that a more distinctive name was needed, the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1959 renamed the glacier for W.D.C. Wiggins, then Deputy Director of Overseas Surveys.
Liberty Aerospace
Liberty Aerospace, Inc. was a Bahrainian-owned manufacturer of general aviation aircraft based in Melbourne, Florida, United States.

The company, started by British entrepreneur Anthony Tiarks, produced one model, the Liberty XL2, a two-seat touring aircraft based on the British-designed Europa homebuilt airplane. Originally, the XL2 design received FAA production certification in the spring of 2006 and commenced sales in North America and the European market. In early April 2014, Discovery Aviation announced the acquisition of the Liberty XL-2's FAA type certificate, all rights to manufacture the Liberty XL-2 and that the resulting transaction, which saw the former senior management team of Liberty Aerospace join Discovery Aviation, would allow the aircraft to resume production. The Sausalito, California based Discovery Aviation chose to consolidate the companies at the Liberty Aerospace Melbourne, Florida facilities and retired the Liberty Aerospace company name.

Aerospace manufacturer
An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, or spacecraft. Aerospace is a high technology industry.

The aircraft industry is the industry supporting aviation by building aircraft and manufacturing aircraft parts for their maintenance.  This includes aircraft and parts used for civil aviation and military aviation. Most production is done pursuant to type certificates and Defense Standards issued by a government body. This term has been largely subsumed by the more encompassing term: "aerospace industry".