hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hasbullah Osman
Hasbullah bin Osman (17 February 1957 – 16 November 2020) was a Malaysian politician who served as Chairman of the Syarikat Perumahan Negara Berhad (SPNB) from May 2020, Member of Parliament (MP) for Gerik from May 2013 to his death in November 2020 and Member of the Perak State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Temengor from March 2004 to May 2013. He was a member of the United Malays National Organisation, a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition.

Perak State Legislative Assembly
The Perak State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Perak) is the unicameral state legislature of the Malaysian state of Perak. It is composed of 59 members representing single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart, along with elections to the federal parliament and other state assemblies.

The Assembly convenes at the Bangunan Perak Darul Ridzuan in the state capital, Ipoh. At 59 seats, it is the largest state assembly among the 11 legislatures of the States of Malaya.
Julian von Schleinitz
Julian von Schleinitz (born September 19, 1991 in Germany) is a German luge athlete who represents his nation in the men's singles luge event in international competition.  In 2010 he won the junior world championship in the event.  During the 2010-11 luge World Cup season he placed third in the event held in Winterberg and during the 2013-14 Luge World Cup season he again placed third in an event, this time in Oberhof.

He is a member of the old Saxon noble family von Schleinitz.

2010–11 Luge World Cup
The 2010–11 Luge World Cup was a multi race tournament over a season for luge. The season started on 27 November 2010 in Igls, Austria and ended on 20 February 2011 in Sigulda, Latvia. The World Cup was organised by the FIL and sponsored by Viessmann.
Charlotte von Ahlefeld
Charlotte Sophie Luise Wilhelmine von Ahlefeld (December 6, 1781 – July 27, 1849) was a German novelist.

Von Ahlefeld was born  in Ottmannshausen, near Erfurt, as Charlotte von Seebach, to a noble family of Hanover. She began to write at a young age, with her first novel appearing in 1797, and attracted positive comments from Goethe. She married Johann Ritter von Ahlefeld, a landowner from Schleswig, on May 21, 1798. They separated in 1807, but she continued to live in Schleswig until 1821, when she moved to Weimar and befriended Charlotte von Stein. In 1846 she went to the spa town of Teplitz in Bohemia due to declining health, and died there in 1849. She wrote some of her novels under the pen name Elise Selbig, and some poetry under the name Natalia.

Charlotte von Stein
Charlotte Albertine Ernestine von Stein (alternatively Charlotta Ernestina Bernadina von Stein; née von Schardt; 25 December 1742 – 6 January 1827) was a German lady-in-waiting at the court in Weimar and a close friend to both Friedrich Schiller and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, whose work and life were influenced by her.
Citizens Against Government Waste
Citizens Against Government Waste (CAGW) is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization in the United States. It functions as a "government watchdog" and advocacy group for fiscally conservative causes.  The Council for Citizens Against Government Waste (CCAGW) is the lobbying arm of CAGW, organized as a section 501(c)(4) organization and therefore is permitted to engage in direct lobbying activities. According to its website, "CAGW is a private, non-partisan, non-profit organization representing more than one million members and supporters nationwide. CAGW's stated mission is to eliminate waste, mismanagement, and inefficiency in the federal government."

Economic efficiency
In microeconomics, economic efficiency, depending on the context, is usually one of the following two related concepts:

Allocative or Pareto efficiency: any changes made to assist one person would harm another.

Productive efficiency: no additional output of one good can be obtained without decreasing the output of another good, and production proceeds at the lowest possible average total cost.

These definitions are not equivalent: a market or other economic system may be allocatively but not productively efficient, or productively but not allocatively efficient. There are also other definitions and measures. All characterizations of economic efficiency are encompassed by the more general engineering concept that a system is efficient or optimal when it maximizes desired outputs (such as utility) given available inputs.
Pete Finnerty
Peter "Pete" Finnerty (born 4 March 1964 in Athlone, County Westmeath, Ireland) is an Irish former hurling coach and former player.

Regarded as one of his county's all-time greats, Finnerty had a distinguished playing career at club level with Mullagh and at senior level with the Galway county team. He was a wing-back on the latter team from 1985 until 1994 and collected two All-Ireland titles, one National Hurling League title and five All-Star awards.

In retirement from playing Finnerty has maintained a keen association with the game. He has been a long-serving hurling analyst with RTÉ on both The Sunday Game and Sunday Sport. From 2007 until 2010 Finnerty served as coach, under the management of Martin Brennan, to the Mayo senior hurling team.

Athlone
Athlone (/æθˈloʊn/; Irish: Baile Átha Luain, meaning 'The town of Luan's ford' [ˌbʲlʲɑː ˈl̪ˠuənʲ]) is a town on the border of County Roscommon and County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located on the River Shannon near the southern shore of Lough Ree. It is the second most populous town in the Midlands Region with a population of 22,869 in the 2022 census.

Most of the town lies on the east bank of the river, within the townland of the same name; however, by the terms of the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898, six townlands on the west bank of the Shannon, formerly in County Roscommon, were incorporated into the town, and consequently, into the county of Westmeath.

Around 100 km west of Dublin, Athlone is near the geographical centre of Ireland.
Nicole C. Karafyllis
Nicole C. Karafyllis (born 22 April 1970 in Lüdinghausen, West Germany) is a German philosopher and biologist. As of 2010, she has been a Professor of Philosophy at the TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig/Brunswick Institute of Technology (Germany).

Lüdinghausen
Lüdinghausen (German pronunciation: [lyːdɪŋˈhaʊzn̩] ⓘ; Westphalian: Lünkhusen or Lünksel) is a town in district of Coesfeld in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located on the Dortmund-Ems Canal, approx. 25 km south-west of Münster.
Volodymyr Kushpet
Volodymyr Hryhorovych Kushpet (born April 6, 1948) is an influential Ukrainian baritone singer, and player on torban, kobza, bandura and lira, he is noted for reconstruction of traditional playing techniques on these instruments. He is the author of a primer for these instruments and an in-depth study of the institution of Kobzar Guilds, associations of itinerary blind singers in Ukraine.

Blind musicians
Blind musicians are singers or instrumentalists, or in some cases singer-accompanists, who are legally blind.

In the past, blind musicians often had to learn on their own because formal training relied heavily on written notation. Today, tools like Braille music and large collections of accessible scores have opened up far more opportunities. Although technology has improved, many programs are still hard to use without sight, but dedicated organizations now offer strong support to help blind musicians learn, create, and grow independently.
Roderick Ogle Bell-Irving
Roderick Ogle Bell-Irving DSO, MC, (15 January 1891 – 1 October 1918) was a Canadian army officer from Vancouver.

Bell-Irving had a distinguished military career during WWI. He was part of the Canadian Expeditionary Force that was assembled at Valcartier, Quebec, at the outbreak of the war. He shipped to France in 1915 as a lieutenant in the 16th Infantry Battalion (the Canadian Scottish). He was in action throughout the war and achieved the rank of acting lieutenant-colonel before his death in battle on 1 October 1918.

Roderick Ogle Bell-Irving was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Service Order in 1919. He had also been much decorated and recognized for his valour during the war. Five brothers, who also served in the war, survived the conflict.

CFB Valcartier
2nd Canadian Division Support Base Valcartier (2 CDSB Valcartier),  formerly known as and commonly referred to as Canadian Forces Base Valcartier (CFB Valcartier), is a Canadian Forces base located in the municipality of Saint-Gabriel-de-Valcartier, 8 nautical miles (15 km; 9.2 mi) north northwest of Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. The 2nd Canadian Division is stationed at the base, comprising the 5 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group and the 2nd Canadian Division Support Group.
It's Happy Bunny
Happy Bunny is a character in a series of stickers, buttons, greeting cards, posters, and other merchandise sold at novelty shops across North America. Designed by artist and writer Jim Benton in the 1990s, whom People Magazine called "the most visible cartoonist in America," Happy Bunny is a small, smiling bunny, often varying in color, with an insulting slogan printed at its feet. Happy Bunny gained popularity in 2001 after stores like Hot Topic and Spencers began selling its merchandise.

Poster
A poster is a large sheet, usually made of some type of paper or plastic, that is placed either on a public space to promote something or on a wall as decoration. Typically, posters include both textual and graphic elements, although a poster may be either wholly graphical or wholly text. Posters are designed to be both eye-catching and informative. Posters may be used for many purposes. They are a frequent tool of advertisers (particularly of events, musicians, and films), propagandists, protestors, and other groups trying to communicate a message. Posters are also used for reproductions of artwork, particularly famous works, and are generally low-cost compared to the original artwork. The modern poster, as we know it, however, dates back to the 1840s and 1850s when the printing industry perfected colour lithography and made mass production possible.
Burton Gilliam
Burton Gilliam (born August 9, 1938) is an American actor. He is best known for memorable roles in several popular 1970s movies such as Blazing Saddles and Paper Moon, as well as comedic cameos
in Back to the Future, Part III (1990) and Honeymoon in Vegas.

Alice (American TV series)
Alice is an American sitcom television series that aired on CBS from August 31, 1976, to March 19, 1985. The series is based on director Martin Scorsese's 1974 film Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore. The show stars Linda Lavin in the title role, a widow who moves with her young son to start life over again and finds a job working at a roadside diner in Phoenix, Arizona. Most of the episodes revolve around events at Mel's Diner, where Alice is employed.

With more than 200 episodes over nine seasons, Alice was the longest-running American television sitcom to feature a woman in the starring role until it was surpassed by Roseanne in 1996.
Qabatiya Brigade
The Qabatiya Brigade or Qabatiya Battalion (Arabic: كتيبة قباطية, romanized: Katībat Qabatiya), also known as the Qabatiya Groups, is a Palestinian militia in the West Bank based in Qabatiya. It primarily exists as a branch of the Al-Quds Brigades of Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), but is also affiliated with the Al-Qassam Brigades of Hamas.

Qabatiya
Qabatiya (Arabic: قباطية, also spelled Qabatia, Qabatya, and Kabatiya) is a city in Jenin Governorate, West Bank, Palestine. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) census, the town had a population of 19,197 in 2007 and 24,439 by 2017.

Its entire land area is 50,547 dunams (50.5 km2; 19.5 sq mi), and its elevation is roughly 256 meters (840 feet). Qabatiya is famous for its olive groves, modern agriculture, and limestone industry.
Wall of Tears (Galápagos Islands)
The Wall of Tears (Spanish: El Muro de las Lágrimas) is a historical site 5 km west of Puerto Villamil on Isabela Island in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. It was constructed between 1945 and 1959 by prisoners in the penal colony on the island, which had been established by President José María Velasco Ibarra in 1944, using infrastructure left by the US military after World War II.

The wall is about 8 m (25 ft) tall. Locals call it the Wall of Tears because it is said to emanate eerie cries and have a heavy energy surrounding it.

Penal colony
A penal colony or exile colony is a settlement used to exile prisoners and separate them from the general population by placing them in a remote location, often an island or distant colonial territory. Although the term can be used to refer to a correctional facility located in a remote location, it is more commonly used to refer to communities of prisoners overseen by wardens or governors having absolute authority.

Historically, penal colonies have often been used for penal labour in an economically underdeveloped part of a state's (usually colonial) territories, and on a far larger scale than a prison farm.
Phileosimias
Phileosimias ("Eosimias ally") is an extinct genus of primates with two species, P. kamli and P. bahuiorum, that are believed to be amongst the early simians.

Marivaux et al. announced in 2005 their discovery of fossils of two new species, Phileosimias kamali and Phileosimias brahuiorum, found in the Bugti Hills of Pakistan. They concluded that Phileosimias are almost certainly early simians. However, they felt the fossil evidence (primarily  dental specimens) was insufficient to categorise them as Eosimiidae (along with other early simians) or whether they were sufficiently different to be placed into a separate group. The shapes of their molars and premolars differ from species already classified as Eosimidae.

The two species are Phileosimias brahuiorum and Phileosimias kamali, which is slightly larger, but both are estimated to have weighed about 250 grams. They were extant during the Early Oligocene epoch.

Rupelian
The Rupelian, in the geologic timescale, the older of two ages or the lower of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between 33.9 and 27.3 Ma. It is preceded by the Priabonian Stage (part of the Eocene) and is followed by the Chattian Stage. The Rupelian is also known, informally, as the early Oligocene  and lower Oligocene.
Alexa Halko
Alexa Halko (born June 28, 2000) is a parasport athlete from the United States competing mainly in T34 classification sprint and middle-distance events. She competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio, where she won a bronze and two silver medals for her country, and followed this with a second bronze five years later at the Tokyo Paralympics.

T34 (classification)
T34 is a disability sport classification for disability athletics.  The classification is one of eight specifically for athletes with cerebral palsy, and one of four for athletes with cerebral palsy who use a wheelchair.  People in this class have hypertonia, ataxia and athetosis.  This class includes people who have cerebral palsy, or who have had a stroke or traumatic brain injury.
Oskar Schade
Oskar Schade (25 March 1826 – 30 December 1906) was a German philologist and Germanist born in Erfurt.

In 1860, he received his habilitation at Halle, and from 1863 to 1906 was a professor at the University of Königsberg.

He was the author of the influential Altdeutsches Wörterbuch (Old German Dictionary), and with August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben (1798-1874), was co-editor of the Weimarisches Jahrbuch für deutsche Sprache, Literatur und Kunst (Weimar Annals of German language, literature and art). Other noted works by Schade include:

Geistliche Gedichte des 14. und 15. Jahrhunderts vom Niederrhein (Spiritual poems from the 14th and 15th century of the Lower Rhine), 1854.

Satiren und Pasquille aus der Reformationszeit (Pasquille and satire from the time of the Reformation), 1863.

Deutsche Handwerkslieder, 1865.

German studies
German studies is an academic field that researches, documents and disseminates German language, literature, and culture in its historic and present forms. Academic departments of German studies therefore often focus on German culture, German history, and German politics in addition to the language and literature component. Approaches to the discipline vary by country. Modern German studies is usually seen as a combination of two sub-disciplines: German linguistics alongside Germanophone literature and cultural studies.

Common names for "German Studies" for the field within German-speaking countries are Germanistik, Deutsche Philologie, and Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft und Literaturwissenschaft. In English, the terms Germanistics or Germanics are sometimes used (mostly by Germans), but the subject is more often referred to as German studies, German language and literature, or German philology. Academics who specialize in German studies are referred to as Germanists.
TPC at Summerlin
TPC at Summerlin is a private golf club in the western United States, located within the planned community of Summerlin in Las Vegas, Nevada.

Opened 34 years ago in 1991, the championship golf course was designed by Bobby Weed and is a member of the Tournament Players Club network operated by the PGA Tour. It hosts the tour's Shriners Hospitals for Children Open, formerly the Las Vegas Invitational, played in October.  The average elevation of the course is approximately 2,700 feet (820 m) above sea level. The course was featured in the PS1 version of Tiger Woods PGA Tour 2001; it was added to Tiger Woods 99 PGA Tour Golf on PC as part of the Vegas courses expansion pack.

Tiger Woods PGA Tour 2001
Tiger Woods PGA Tour 2001 (also known as Tiger Woods PGA Tour Golf for the PlayStation version) is a sports video game developed by Headgate Studios for the Microsoft Windows version, Stormfront Studios for the PlayStation version, and EA Redwood Shores for the PlayStation 2 version, and published by EA Sports for Windows and PlayStation in 2000 and PlayStation 2 in 2001. The latter console version was later published in Japan by Electronic Arts Square on June 21, 2001.
Montù
Montù (or Montuni) is an Italian wine grape variety that is grown in the Emilia region of central Italy. While ampelographers believe that the grape is indigenous to the plains of the Po river, its numbers have been steadily declining with 1200 hectares (3000 acres) reported in 1990.

There is some confusion about the color of the grapes with the Vitis International Variety Catalogue describing Montù as a blanc grape, while wine expert Jancis Robinson and writers Joe Bastianich and David Lynch describe the grape as a red wine variety. According to Italian wine laws, Montù is a permitted variety in the white Denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) wine of Montuni del Reno.

Plain
In geography, a plain, commonly known as flatland, is a flat expanse of land  that generally has few rapid or steep changes in elevation.  Natural vegetation in plains can include prairies/grasslands, forests, savanah, tundra, and desert biomes, among others. Plains occur as lowlands along valleys or at the base of mountains, as coastal plains, and as plateaus or uplands. Plains are one of the major landforms on earth, being present on all continents and covering more than one-third of the world's land area. Plains in many areas are important for agriculture. There are various types of plains, and biomes on them.
2014 World Weightlifting Championships – Men's 77 kg
The men's 77 kilograms event at the 2014 World Weightlifting Championships was held on 11 and 12 November 2014 in Baluan Sholak Sports Palace, Almaty, Kazakhstan.

Daniel Godelli was the original gold medalist with a total of 369 kg, but was later disqualified due to one of his samples testing positive for the use of the steroid Stanozolol.

Baluan Sholak Sports Palace
The Baluan Sholak Sports Palace (Kazakh: Балуан Шолақ атындағы спорт сарайы, romanized: Baluan Şolaq atyndağy sport saraiy; Russian: Дворец спорта Балуана Шолака, romanized: Dvorets sporta Baluana Sholaka) or Bolyan Sholak Sports Palace is a Palace of Sports in Almaty, the former capital of Kazakhstan. It was built in 1967 and extensively renovated in 2009–2011. It is named after Baluan Sholak, a celebrated Kazakh composer, singer, poet, dombra player, dzhigit and wrestler.

It is the home arena for Aisulu Almaty, a women's ice hockey team based in Almaty, and HC Almaty, an ice hockey team playing in the Kazakhstan Hockey Championship.
The Longest Promise
The Longest Promise (Chinese: 玉骨谣; pinyin: Yù gǔ yáo) is a 2023 Chinese television series starring Xiao Zhan and Ren Min. The series is based on the xianxia romance novel Zhu Yan by Cang Yue. It is the prequel of the 2021 series Mirror: A Tale of Twin Cities. The series premiered on Tencent Video and WeTV on July 2, 2023, and concluded on July 20, 2023 with a total of 40 episodes.

Tencent Video
Tencent Video (Chinese: 腾讯视频; pinyin: Téngxùn Shìpín, also called WeTV outside of China) is a Chinese video streaming website owned by Tencent, launched in April 2011. As of October 2022, Tencent Video has 120 million paid subscribers, making it the 4th largest streaming service in the world, after Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, and Disney+. Tencent Video also operates an international version, WeTV, which was launched in 2018.

Tencent Video supports online video on demand, television broadcasts, and in July 2017 began featuring video content on TCL Corporation, China's biggest television maker.
Richard Jones (U.S. diplomat)
Richard Henry Jones (born August 26, 1950) is an American diplomat and the former Deputy Executive Director of the International Energy Agency.

Jones is a career Foreign Service Officer and member of the Senior Foreign Service. He has served as United States Ambassador to Israel (2005–2008), Senior Advisor to the Secretary of State and Coordinator for Iraq Policy (February–September 2005), Chief Policy Officer and Deputy Administrator for the Coalition Provisional Authority in Baghdad (November 2003 - June 2004), Ambassador to Kuwait (2001–2004), Ambassador to Kazakhstan (1998–2000), and Ambassador to Lebanon (1996–1998).

Senior Foreign Service
The Senior Foreign Service (SFS) comprises the top four ranks of the United States Foreign Service.  These ranks were created by the Foreign Service Act of 1980 and Executive Order 12293 in order to provide the Foreign Service with senior grades equivalent to general and flag ranks in the military and naval establishments, respectively, and to grades in the Senior Executive Service.  Like military ranks and other Foreign Service ranks, the Senior Foreign Service grade system assigns rank in person, not rank in position.
Dock Hill Road Extension Stone Arch Bridge
Dock Hill Road Extension Stone Arch Bridge is a historic stone arch bridge located at Cornwall on Hudson in Orange County, New York. It was built about 1870.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

Orange County, New York
Orange County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 401,310. The county seat is Goshen. This county was first created in 1683 and reorganized with its present boundaries in 1798. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

Orange County is part of the Kiryas Joel-Poughkeepsie-Newburgh metropolitan statistical area, which belongs to the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY–NJ–CT–PA Combined Statistical Area.

As of the 2020 census the center of population of the state of New York was located in Orange County, in the hamlet of Cuddebackville.