hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward Carrington Marshall
Edward Carrington Marshall (January 13, 1805 – February 8, 1882) was a Virginia farmer, planter, businessman, and politician. He represented Fauquier County in the Virginia House of Delegates 1834-1838 and became president of the Manassas Gap Railroad.

Fauquier County, Virginia
Fauquier County /fɔːˈkɪər/ is a United States county located on the Piedmont plateau of the Commonwealth of Virginia.  Part of the Northern Virginia region, Fauquier is included in the Washington metropolitan area.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 72,972. The county seat is the large historic town of  Warrenton.

The county was created in 1759 from part of Prince William County and was named in honor of Francis Fauquier, the administrative head of Virginia Colony at the time.  Fauquier hosts the Virginia Gold Cup, which, having started in 1922, is one of the longest running steeplechase horse race events in the United States.
Theodora Stanwell-Fletcher
Theodora Stanwell-Fletcher (born Theodora Morris Cope, January 4, 1906, died Theodora Gray, January 15, 2000) was an American naturalist and writer. She is best known for her book Driftwood Valley (1946) which won the John Burroughs Medal for distinguished writing in natural history in 1948. She was recognized as a Distinguished Daughter of Pennsylvania and elected to the Society of Woman Geographers.

Churchill, Manitoba
Churchill is a subarctic port town in northern Manitoba, Canada, on the west shore of Hudson Bay, roughly 140 km (87 mi) from the Manitoba–Nunavut border. It was named after John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough and governor of the Hudson's Bay Company from 1685 to 1691. It is well known for the many polar bears that move toward the shore from inland in the autumn, leading to the nickname "Polar Bear Capital of the World" and to the benefit of its burgeoning tourism industry.
Jirair Sefilian
Jirair Simoni Sefilian (Armenian: Ժիրայր Սիմոնի Սէֆիլեան (classical), Ժիրայր Սիմոնի Սեֆիլյան (reformed); born July 10, 1967) is a Lebanese-born Armenian military commander and political activist. During the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, he commanded the Shushi special military battalion, playing a significant role during the Battle of Shusha. From 1997 to 1998 Sefilian was a Brigade Commander in the Artsakh Defence Army.

He has long campaigned against any territorial concessions to Azerbaijan in Nagorno-Karabakh and against Russian influence in Armenia. Sefilian is one of the key figures of the Sasna Tsrer Pan-Armenian Party and the National Democratic Pole.

Armenian orthography reform
The Armenian orthography reform occurred between 1922 and 1924 in Soviet Armenia and was partially revised in 1940. Its main features "were the neutralization of classical, etymological writing and the adjustment of phonetic realization and writing."

The original orthography is now known as the classical orthography (Armenian: դասական ուղղագրութիւն, romanized: dasakan uġġagrut'yun) and is sometimes referred to as Mashtotsian orthography (մաշտոցեան ուղղագրութիւն), after Mesrop Mashtots, who invented the Armenian alphabet in 405 AD.

This reform is not to be confused with the 13th-century alphabet extension introducing letters ⟨օ⟩ and ⟨ֆ⟩.
Piedmont Heights, Atlanta
Piedmont Heights is an intown neighborhood on the east side of Atlanta, Georgia, founded in the early 20th century as a streetcar suburb.  It is located between the BeltLine on the west; across from the Sherwood Forest neighborhood; I-85 on the north, across from an industrial area (Armour Drive); and Piedmont Avenue/Road and Morningside-Lenox Park on the east.

Sherwood Forest
Sherwood Forest consists of the remnants of an ancient Royal Forest in Nottinghamshire, in the East Midlands region of England. It is associated with the legend of Robin Hood. The forest was proclaimed by William the Conqueror and mentioned in the Domesday Book in 1086. The reserve has the highest concentration of ancient trees in Europe.

Today, Sherwood Forest National Nature Reserve encompasses 424.75 hectares (1,049.6 acres), surrounding the village of Edwinstowe and the site of Thoresby Hall. The reserve contains more than a thousand ancient oaks which are known to be more than 500 years old, with the Major Oak being twice that age.
Restlezz
Leo Sandoval Jr, (born December 30, 1989), known professionally as Restlezz, is an American rapper and entrepreneur from Ogden, Utah currently signed to North Coast Music Group distributing under Sony's The Orchard. He collaborated with Roc Nation's Yo Gotti on single Get It How You Live on December 2, 2016.

Restlezz, whose single “Undisputed” was featured on the NBA 2K24 video game soundtrack in 2024, was recognized by The Source magazine as one of their Most Improved Hitmakers of 2025 on July 26, 2025.

In 2026, the single "ALL CAP," a collaboration between Restlezz and Lazie Locz, entered the iTunes Top 100 Hip-Hop chart in Canada. This followed the song's appearance on YouTube's new music charts during its initial release in 2025. The track was produced by Lazie Locz and served as the lead single for their collaborative EP, Troublesome Two.

Roc Nation
Roc Nation is an American entertainment company founded by Jay-Z in 2008. Headquartered in New York City, the company is a successor to his previous Roc-A-Fella Records label, with additional offices in Los Angeles and London. It serves as a record label, talent agency, media production firm and clothing line along with educational and philanthropic programs.

It is co-owned by Jay-Z & Live Nation Entertainment.
Bren Smith
Bren Smith is an aquaculture professional and former commercial fisherman, best known for pioneering Regenerative Ocean Farming via co-founding the non-profit GreenWave.

Born in Maddox Cove, Newfoundland, Canada, Smith left school aged 14 to become a commercial fisherman, plying his trade in the Grand Banks and the Bering Sea. Having left the commercial fishing and subsequently the fish farming industries, he founded the Thimble Island Ocean Farm, on the Thimbles Islands in Long Island Sound, before co-founding GreenWave to promote the co-existent aquaculture of kelp and shellfish by local communities.

Smith gave one of the two 35th Annual E. F. Schumacher Lectures, organised by the Schumacher Center for a New Economics, entitled Ecological Redemption: Ocean Farming in the Era of Climate Change.

Smith graduated from Cornell Law School.

Thimble Islands
The Thimble Islands is an archipelago consisting of small islands in Long Island Sound, located in and around the harbor of Stony Creek in the southeast corner of Branford, Connecticut. The islands are under the jurisdiction of the United States with security provided by the town of Branford police and the US Coast Guard.

The archipelago of islands made up of pink Stony Creek granite bedrock were once the tops of hills prior to the last ice age. As a result, the Thimble Islands are much more stable than most other islands in Long Island Sound, which are terminal moraines of rubble deposited by retreating glaciers.
2003 Aaron's 499
The 2003 Aaron's 499 was held on April 6, 2003, at Talladega Superspeedway in Talladega, Alabama. It was the eighth race of 36 in the 2003 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season. Jeremy Mayfield was the polesitter.

Dale Earnhardt Jr. won the race, his first win of the season and fourth consecutive at Talladega, becoming the 8th different winner in the first 8 races, while Kevin Harvick finished second and Elliott Sadler finished third. This was also the fifth consecutive restrictor plate race win for Dale Earnhardt, Inc. stretching back to the previous year's spring Talladega race. There were six cautions, 16 different leaders, and 43 lead changes. The Big One did not take long, collecting 27 cars on the fourth lap — the second largest crash in a Cup race in the modern era, behind the 2024 YellaWood 500.

Talladega, Alabama
Talladega (/ˌtæləˈdɪɡə/, also /ˌtæləˈdeɪɡə/) is a city in and the county seat of Talladega County, Alabama, United States. It was incorporated in 1835. At the 2020 census, the population was 15,861. Talladega is approximately 50 miles (80 km) east of one of the state's largest cities, Birmingham.

The city is home to the Alabama Institute for the Deaf and Blind, Talladega Municipal Airport, and Talladega College, a historically black college. The Talladega Superspeedway,  and the International Motorsports Hall of Fame are located nearby. The First National Bank of Talladega (now First Bank of Alabama) is the oldest bank in the State of Alabama, being founded in 1848.
1987 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon – Singles
The 1987 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon – Singles was an event of the 1987 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon men's tennis tournament that was played at the Palais des Sports de Gerland in Lyon, France from 2 February until 9 February 1987. The draw comprised 32 players and eight were seeded. First-seeded Yannick Noah, who entered on the main draw on a wildcard, won the singles title, defeating second-seeded Joakim Nyström in the final, 6–4, 7–5.

Joakim Nyström
Joakim "Jocke" Nyström (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈjûːakɪm ˈnŷːstrøːm]; born 20 February 1963) is a tennis coach and a former top ten ranked professional player from Sweden who won 13 singles titles during his career. The right-hander reached his highest singles ranking on the ATP Tour on 31 March 1986, when he was ranked world No. 7. He was also ranked world No. 4 in doubles that same year.
Toi (given name)
Toi is a given name of the following notable people:

toi8 (born 1976), Japanese artist

Toi Aukuso Cain (1959–2009), Samoan politician

Toi Cook (born 1964), American football player

Toi Derricotte (born 1941), American poet

Toi Hutchinson (born 1973), American politician

Toi Inagawa (1940–2005), Japanese yakuza member

Toi Kagami (born 1999) Japanese footballer

Toy Kojima (born 1999) Japanese professional wrestler

Toi Suzuki (born 1999) Japanese water polo player

Toi Te Rito Maihi (1937–2022), New Zealand weaver, printmaker, painter, educator and writer.

Sweet Tee (born Toi Jackson), American rapper

Toi Hutchinson
Toi Hutchinson (born May 20, 1973) is an American politician who served as a member of the Illinois Senate from 2009 to 2019, representing the 40th District. The 40th district includes all or parts of Bradley, Bourbonnais, Chicago Heights, Flossmoor, Homewood, Hopkins Park, Kankakee, Olympia Fields, Peotone and University Park. Prior to her service in the Illinois Senate, Hutchinson was City Clerk for the Village of Olympia Fields, Illinois.
Vukël
Vukël (definite form: Vukli) is a settlement in the former Kelmend municipality, Shkodër County, northern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Malësi e Madhe.
Vukel is one of the four original villages of Kelmend.  Three of these villages, Selca, Nikçi, and Vukli are located in the Kelmend Commune.  Boga is located in Shkreli Comune.  Inhabitants of Lepusha Village originated from Vukli village.

View from Brojë into the Vukël valley

Bar in village center

Landscape in Vukël

Malësi e Madhe
Malësi e Madhe (Albanian pronunciation: [maˈləsi ɛ maˈðɛ]) is a municipality in Shkodër County, in northwestern Albania. The municipality consists of the administrative units of Gruemirë, Kastrat, Kelmend, Qendër, Shkrel with Koplik constituting its seat. As of the Institute of Statistics estimate from the 2011 census, there were 30,823 people residing in Malësi e Madhe Municipality. The area of the municipality is 951.01 km2.
Channel 61 virtual TV stations in the United States
The following television stations operate on virtual channel 61 in the United States:

K34EE-D in Prescott-Cottonwood, Arizona

KASW in Phoenix, Arizona

KTFF-DT in Porterville, California

KZJL in Houston, Texas

WDSI-TV in Chattanooga, Tennessee

WFGC in Palm Beach, Florida

WOSC-CD in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

WPPX-TV in Wilmington, Delaware

WQHS-DT in Cleveland, Ohio

WTIC-TV in Hartford, Connecticut

WTSF in Ashland, Kentucky

The following stations, which are no longer licensed, formerly operated on virtual channel 61 in the United States:

K21EA-D in Lake Havasu City, Arizona

K34EF-D in Kingman, Arizona

W25EG-D in Columbus, Georgia

WOSC-CD
WOSC-CD (channel 61) is a low-power, Class A television station in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. Owned by The Videohouse, Inc., it primarily broadcasts national digital multicast networks.

The station went on the air as W61CC in 1997. By 1999, it was airing the America's Store home shopping service. The station switched to airing HSN in 2004 when America's Store moved to WQEX (channel 16).
Austrelaps
Austrelaps is a genus of venomous elapid snakes native to the relatively fertile, temperate, southern and eastern part of the Australian continent. Three species are currently recognized, with no subspecies. They are commonly called copperheads or Australian copperheads. They are not closely related to the American copperhead, Agkistrodon contortrix.

Venomous snake
Venomous snakes are species of the suborder Serpentes that are capable of producing venom, which they use for killing prey, for defense, and to assist with digestion of their prey. The venom is typically delivered by injection using hollow or grooved fangs, although some venomous snakes lack well-developed fangs. Common venomous snakes include the families Elapidae, Viperidae, Atractaspididae, and some of the Colubridae. The toxicity of venom is mainly indicated by murine LD50, while multiple factors are considered to judge the potential danger to humans. Other important factors for risk assessment include the likelihood that a snake will bite, the quantity of venom delivered with the bite, the efficiency of the delivery mechanism, and the location of a bite on the body of the victim. Snake venom may have both neurotoxic and hemotoxic properties. There are about 600 venomous snake species in the world.
Bashir Jehangiri
Muhammad Bashir Jehangiri Swati (Urdu: محمد بشیر جہانگیری; 1 February 1937 – 13 April 2020) was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan from 7 January 2002 to 31 January 2002. Previously, he served as Chief Justice of the Peshawar High Court. He did his 20 years of law practice at Peshawar High Court and the Supreme Court of Pakistan.

Jehangiri died on 13 April 2020, at the age of 83.

Peshawar High Court
The Peshawar High Court (PHC, Urdu: عدالتِ عالیہ پشاور) is the provincial and highest judicial institution of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan. It is located in the provincial capital Peshawar. The Parliament passed a bill extending the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court (SC) and the Peshawar High Court to Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), one of a handful of reforms paving the way for a merger of the tribal areas with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Russula sinuata
Russula sinuata is a fungus in the family, Russulaceae, found in eucalyptus forests in Tasmania (E. angophoroides, E. gummifera and E. maculata).

It was first described in 2007 by Teresa Lebel and Jennifer Tonkin.

Eucalyptus angophoroides
Eucalyptus angophoroides, commonly known as the apple-topped box, apple box or apple gum, is a tree endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has rough, flaky or fibrous bark on its trunk and larger branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, white flowers and conical to hemispherical fruit.
Yeongam Jong clan
Yeongam Jong clan (Korean: 영암 종씨; Hanja: 靈巖 鍾氏) was one of the Korean clans. Their Bon-gwan was in Yeongam County, South Jeolla Province. Jong clan was begun because Duke Huan of Song (Hanja: 宋桓公) appointed his second son as Jongseong (Korean: 종성; Hanja: 鍾城)’s lord, but it is not clear that how Duke Huan of Song (Hanja: 宋桓公)’s second son entered Korea. Jong Gwan su (Hanja: 鍾寬秀), a family member of Duke Huan of Song (Hanja: 宋桓公)’s second son, was appointed as Prince of Yeongam (Hanja: 霊岩伯) during Taejo of Joseon’s reign in Joseon. Jong Seok, Jong Gwan su (Hanja: 鍾寬秀)’s descendant, began Yeongam Jong clan because he was bestowed territories in Yeongam.

South Jeolla Province
South Jeolla Province (Korean: 전라남도; RR: Jeollanam-do), formerly South Chŏlla Province, also known as Jeonnam (전남), is a province in the Honam region, South Korea, and the southernmost province in mainland Korea. South Jeolla borders the provinces of North Jeolla to the north, South Gyeongsang to the northeast, and Jeju to the southwest in the Korea Strait.

Suncheon is the largest city in the province, closely followed by Yeosu. Other major cities include Mokpo, Gwangyang and Naju.

Jeolla-do, including both North and South Jeolla, was the first province out of the Eight Provinces system to have its 1000th year anniversary in 2018, as the name 'Jeolla-do' was established in 1018, during Hyeonjong of Goryeo's 9th year in power.
Hay-on-Wye Bridge
Hay Bridge spans the River Wye at Hay-on-Wye, Powys, Wales.

Preceding the rebuild, the bridge was partly of stone and partly of wood, which itself replaced a stone bridge of seven arches, destroyed by a flood in 1795, and some remains of which form part of the later structure. The toll was taken on this bridge under the authority of an act of parliament in 1756 (29 Geo. 2 c. 73), which granted that privilege for a term of 98 years, from the first day of August 1763, at the expiration of which the bridge was to be toll-free.

River Wye
The River Wye (/waɪ/; Welsh: Afon Gwy [ɡʊɨ̯]) is the fourth-longest river in the UK, stretching some 250 kilometres (155 miles) from its source on Plynlimon in Mid Wales to the Severn Estuary.  The lower reaches of the river form part of the border between England and Wales. The Wye Valley (lower part) is designated a National Landscape (formerly an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty). The Wye is important for nature conservation and recreation, but is affected by pollution.
Front Line (CRI)
Front Line is a weekly English radio program produced by China Radio International discussing about life in modern China.  The flavor of the program is much like NPR's Morning Edition and All Things Considered.  The program combines news, analysis, commentary, interviews, and special features, but from a Chinese perspective.

The program airs on Round the Clock and is available on the podcasts through the World Radio Network on the Monday edition in the United States, Tuesday edition in Beijing.

The host of Front Line is Wu Jia.

All Things Considered
All Things Considered (ATC) is the flagship news program produced by National Public Radio (NPR). It was the first news program on NPR, premiering on May 3, 1971. It is broadcast live on NPR affiliated stations in the United States, and worldwide through several different outlets. All Things Considered and Morning Edition were the highest rated public radio programs in the United States in 2002 and 2005. The show combines news, analysis, commentary, interviews, and special features, and its segments vary in length and style. ATC airs weekdays from 4:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. Eastern Time (live) or Pacific Time (recorded with some updates; in Hawaii it airs as a fully recorded program) or from 3:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. Central Time. ATC's weekend counterpart airs on Saturdays and Sundays.
APCN 2
APCN 2 or Asia-Pacific Cable Network 2 is a submarine telecommunications cable linking several countries in the Asia-Pacific region.

It has landing points in:

Chongming, Shanghai, China

Shantou, Guangdong Province, China

Lantau Island, Islands District, Hong Kong

Chikura, Chiba Prefecture, Japan

Kitaibaraki, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan

Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan

Kuantan, Pahang State, Malaysia

Batangas Bay, Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines

Katong, Singapore

Busan, South Korea

Kuantan
Kuantan (Pahang Malay: Kontaeng; Terengganu Malay: Kuatang/Kuantang) is a city and the state capital of Pahang, Malaysia. It is located near the mouth of the Kuantan River. Kuantan is the 12th largest city in Malaysia based on a 2020 population of 548,014 and the largest city on the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia.

The administrative centre of the state of Pahang was officially relocated to Kuantan on 27 August 1955 from Kuala Lipis, and was officiated by HRH Sultan Abu Bakar Ri'ayatuddin Al Muadzam Shah, the Sultan of Pahang.
Schur algebra
In mathematics, Schur algebras, named after Issai Schur, are certain finite-dimensional algebras closely associated with Schur–Weyl duality between general linear and symmetric groups. They are used to relate the representation theories of those two groups. Their use was promoted by the influential monograph of J. A. Green first published in 1980. The name "Schur algebra" is due to Green. In the modular case (over infinite fields of positive characteristic) Schur algebras were used by Gordon James and Karin Erdmann to show that the (still open) problems of computing decomposition numbers for general linear groups and symmetric groups are actually equivalent. Schur algebras were used by Friedlander and Suslin to prove finite generation of cohomology of finite group schemes.

Characteristic (algebra)
In mathematics, the characteristic of a ring R, often denoted char(R), is defined to be the smallest positive number of copies of the ring's multiplicative identity (1) that will sum to the additive identity (0). If no such number exists, the ring is said to have characteristic zero.

That is, char(R) is the smallest positive number n such that:(p 198, Thm. 23.14)

if such a number n exists, and 0 otherwise.
Edison, Washington
Edison is a census-designated place (CDP) in Skagit County, Washington, United States. The population was 240 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Mount Vernon–Anacortes, Washington Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Anacortes, Washington
Anacortes (/ˌænəˈkɔːrtəs/ AN-ə-KOR-təs) is a city in Skagit County, Washington, United States. The name "Anacortes" is an adaptation of the name of Anne Curtis Bowman, who was the wife of early Fidalgo Island settler Amos Bowman. Anacortes' population was 17,637 at the time of the 2020 census. It is one of two principal cities of and included in the Mount Vernon-Anacortes Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Anacortes is known for the Washington State Ferries dock and terminal serving Lopez Island, Shaw Island, Orcas Island, and San Juan Island. There is also a Skagit County-operated ferry that serves Guemes Island, a residential island located across Guemes Channel, north of Anacortes.
Fullbrook School
Fullbrook School is a secondary school and sixth form college in northwest Surrey, England. The school has held Specialist Science, Technology, Mathematics and Computing College status since 2002.

The school gained Grant Maintained status in September 1994 and was then given foundation status in 1999. In 2011, the school became an academy. Its main catchment areas are Byfleet, West Byfleet and New Haw with some pupils coming from Addlestone, Woking, Goldsworth Park and Sheerwater. The school has around 1550 students and there are about 250 students in the school's Sixth Form. In January 2017, Mrs A Turner retired as head of Fullbrook School, and was succeeded by Mrs K Moore. In 2022, Mr A McKenzie was appointed as head of the school, coinciding with his lead as principal at King's College, Guildford.

Grant-maintained school
Grant-maintained schools or GM schools were state schools in England and Wales between 1988 and 1998 that had opted out of local government control, being funded directly by a grant from central government. Some of these schools had selective admissions procedures.