hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Operation Audacity
Operation Audacity (Filipino: Oplan Pagpangahas) was a military operation during the 2000 Philippine campaign against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front which took place in Cotabato, Philippines. The Philippine Army, primarily units of its 6th Infantry Division, assaulted and cleared Moro Islamic Liberation Front forces from the Carmen-Banisilan area of Cotabato.

Banisilan
Banisilan, officially the Municipality of Banisilan (Maguindanaon: Inged nu Banisilan, Jawi: ايڠايد نو بنيسيلن; Iranun: Inged a Banisilan, ايڠايد ا بنيسيلن; Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Banisilan; Cebuano: Lungsod sa Banisilan; Tagalog: Bayan ng Banisilan), is a  municipality in the province of Cotabato, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 46,995 people.
Suzanne L. Topalian
Suzanne Louise Topalian (born 1954) is an American surgical oncologist. She is the Bloomberg-Kimmel Professor of Cancer Immunotherapy in the Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. In this role, she studies human anti-tumor immunity.

Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSOM) is the medical school of Johns Hopkins University, a private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. Established in 1893 following the construction of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Hopkins became a model for modern medical education. The school is recognized as a major center of biomedical research and is consistently ranked as one of the top medical schools in the United States.

The School of Medicine is located in Baltimore, where it shares a campus in East Baltimore with the School of Nursing, Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins Hospital, the school's primary teaching hospital. As part of the larger Johns Hopkins Medicine health system, the school is also affiliated with numerous regional hospitals and medical centers including the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins Howard County Medical Center, Suburban Hospital in Montgomery County, Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington, D.C.
Pemberton Music Festival
Pemberton Music Festival was a four-day music festival that took place near Mount Currie in Pemberton, British Columbia.  Produced by Huka Entertainment, the 2016 event took place on  July 14–17.  The festival features multiple stages of live entertainment, including rock, indie rock, hip hop, electronic, heavy metal, and comedy.

On April 28, 2017, HUKA Entertainment announced the 2017 lineup.  It was to include Chance The Rapper, Muse, A Tribe Called Quest, Major Lazer, Run the Jewels, HAIM, Big Sean and others.

On May 18, 2017, it was announced the festival was cancelled and it had filed for bankruptcy.  Ernst & Young were appointed as the 'Trustee in Bankruptcy'.  Rising costs from the lower Canadian dollar and ticket sales were factors in the decision to file. Ticket holders and creditors were not expected to get a full refund or payment.  They will be creditors in the bankruptcy.

Mount Currie (British Columbia)
Mount Currie (Lillooet: Ts̓zil [tsʼzel]) is the northernmost summit of the Garibaldi Ranges in southwestern British Columbia, Canada.  Its north face dominates the "skyline" of the Pemberton Valley and is one of the peaks visible from the Whistler-Blackcomb Ski Area just southwest.  Mount Currie is the namesake of Mount Currie, British Columbia and the adjoining Mount Currie Indian Reserve, home of the Lil'wat First Nation.

The mountain was named for John Currie, the first permanent non-indigenous settler in the Pemberton Valley, who homesteaded the Currie Ranch (a.k.a. "Currie's", later the name of a Pacific Great Eastern Railway stop) in what is now the area of the Mount Currie community/reserve in the 1870s and was the re-builder of the Pemberton Trail.
Nathan Robinson (politician)
Nathan Robinson (1828 – 9 August 1902) was a British politician.

Born in Holt, Norfolk, Robinson moved with his family to London in 1836.  He was involved in the Chartist movement in 1848, and was involved in radical politics for the rest of his life.  He worked as a publican, and was also elected to the St Pancras Vestry, serving for twelve years. In 1880, he was elected to the St Pancras Board of Guardians, serving for twelve years as chair of its Workhouse Visiting Committee, then as chair of the entire Board.

At the 1889 London County Council election, Robinson was elected for the Progressive Party in St Pancras East.  On the council, he devoted much of his time to the Parks and Asylums committees.  He suffered a long illness in the early 1900s, and died from an oedema, while still in office.

Radical politics
Radical politics denotes the intent to transform or replace the fundamental principles of a society or political system, often through social change, structural change, revolution or radical reform. The process of adopting radical views is termed radicalisation.

The word radical derives from the Latin radix ("root") and Late Latin radicalis ("of or pertaining to the root, radical"). Historically, political use of the term referred exclusively to a form of progressive electoral reformism, known as Radicalism, that had developed in Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries. However, the denotation has changed since its 18th century coinage to comprehend the entire political spectrum, though retaining the connotation of "change at the root".
ISO 3166-2:CG
ISO 3166-2:CG is the entry for the Republic of the Congo (called simply "Congo" in the standard) in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for the Republic of the Congo, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for 12 departments. All subdivisions changed their status to departments in 2002.

Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is CG, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of the Republic of the Congo. The second part is either of the following:

three letters: Brazzaville

a number: remaining departments

Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments. Standardization can help maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, efficiency, and quality. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes.

In social sciences, including economics, the idea of standardization is close to the solution for a coordination problem, a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of non-tariff trade barrier.
Bannerfin shiner
The bannerfin shiner (Cyprinella leedsi) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the family Leuciscidae, the shiners, daces and minnows. It is endemic to the United States,  where it occurs on the Atlantic Slope from the Edisto River drainage in South Carolina to the Altamaha River drainage in Georgia.  It also occurs on the Gulf Slope in the Suwannee and the Oklockonee drainages in southern Georgia and northern Florida.

Ochlockonee River
The Ochlockonee River ( /oʊˈklɒknɪ/ o-KLOK-nee) is a fast running river, except where it has been dammed to form Lake Talquin in Florida, originating in Georgia and flowing for 206 miles (332 km) before terminating in Florida.
Jesse Jackson House
Jesse Jackson House is a historic home located near Kinston, Lenoir County, North Carolina. It was built about 1840 by plantation owner Jesse Jackson Sr., and is a two-story, five-bay, Greek Revival style frame dwelling. It has a gable roof, sits on a brick foundation, and has flanking concave shouldered chimneys.  The front facade features a one-story porch featuring a diminutive entablature supported by wooden pillars.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.

Lenoir County, North Carolina
Lenoir County (/lɛˈnɔːr/ le-NOR) is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 55,122. Its county seat is Kinston, located on the Neuse River, across which the county has its territory.

Lenoir County comprises the Kinston, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Udal (surname)
Udal is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Geoffrey Udal (1908–1980), English cricketer

John Udal (1848–1925), English cricketer, antiquarian, author

Robin Udal (1883–1964), English cricketer and colonial administrator

Shaun Udal (born 1969), English cricketer

Geoffrey Udal
Geoffrey Francis Uvedale Udal (23 February 1908 – 5 December 1980) was an English cricketer.

Udal was born in Holborn, London on 23 February 1908. He played once as a right-handed batsman and an opening right-arm fast bowler for Middlesex in 1932, while serving in the RAF. He later represented Leicestershire in three matches in 1946. He was found to be suffering from a broken rib during his Leicestershire appearances and played no subsequent first-class cricket. Udal died in Frimley, Surrey on 5 December 1980, at the age of 72.

His grandfather John Udal as Attorney-General in Fiji and did much to encourage cricket there. His grandson Shaun Udal has represented Hampshire, Middlesex and England.
Susan Leblanc
Susan Leblanc (born October 1, 1973) is a Canadian politician and actor who was elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in the 2017 provincial election. She was re-elected in 2021 and 2024. A member of the Nova Scotia New Democratic Party, she represents the electoral district of Dartmouth North.

As of August 2025, Leblanc serves as the Official Opposition critic for Communities, Culture, Tourism and Heritage, Service Nova Scotia, Status of Women and Energy. Leblanc also serves as the New Democrat Caucus Chair.

Nova Scotia New Democratic Party
The Nova Scotia New Democratic Party (Nova Scotia NDP) is a social democratic political party in Nova Scotia, Canada. It is the provincial section of the federal New Democratic Party.

It was founded as the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) in 1932, and became the New Democratic Party in 1961. It became the governing party of Nova Scotia following the 2009 Nova Scotia election, winning 31 seats in the Legislature, under the leadership of Premier Darrell Dexter. It is the only New Democratic Party in Atlantic Canada to form a government, and the second to form a government in a province east of Manitoba. The party lost government at the 2013 election, losing 24 seats, including Dexter's seat. Gary Burrill, the party’s leader from 2016 to 2022, is credited with bringing the party back to its left-wing roots. The party currently holds nine seats in the Legislature and has been led by Claudia Chender since June 2022.
Arrondissement of Sarrebourg
The arrondissement of Sarrebourg is a former arrondissement of France in the Moselle department in the Lorraine region. In January 2016 it was merged into the new arrondissement of Sarrebourg-Château-Salins. It had 102 communes, and its population was 64,374 (2012).

Moselle (department)
Moselle (French pronunciation: [mɔzɛl] ⓘ) is the most populous department in Lorraine, in the northeast of France, and is named after the river Moselle, a tributary of the Rhine, which flows through the western part of the department. It had a population of 1,046,543 in 2019. Inhabitants of the department are known as Mosellans.
Roa Ridge
Roa Ridge (77°38′S 162°20′E﻿ / ﻿77.633°S 162.333°E﻿ / -77.633; 162.333﻿ (Roa Ridge)) is a bow-shaped ridge, 5 mi (8.0 km) long in the Asgard Range of Victoria Land, Antarctica. 
For much of its extent, it separates Matterhorn Glacier and Lacroix Glacier.
Named by New Zealand Geographic Board (NZGB) in 1998. 
Roa is a Māori word meaning “long” ridge.

Taylor Valley
Taylor Valley 77°37′S 163°00′E﻿ / ﻿77.617°S 163.000°E﻿ / -77.617; 163.000﻿ (Taylor Valley) is an ice-free valley about 18 nautical miles (33 km; 21 mi) long, once occupied by the receding Taylor Glacier.
It lies north of the Kukri Hills between the Taylor Glacier and New Harbour in Victoria Land, Antarctica.
Taylor Valley is the southernmost of the three large McMurdo Dry Valleys in the Transantarctic Mountains, located west of McMurdo Sound.
Nityananda Datta
Nityananda Datta (born 13 August 1933) was an Indian filmmaker who was originally from Chittagong, then in Bengal Presidency.

Datta is best known for his work with Satyajit Ray as his assistant director. His body of work includes some of Ray's most renowned works depicting life and struggles of people in Calcutta and West Bengal, such as Charulata, Aparajito, Kanchenjungha, Devi, The World of Apu, and Jalsaghar.

Later in his career, Dutta also directed his own features, including Baksa Badal (1970) (written by Ray, who also composed the music) and Hathat Dekha (1967).

After relocating to Bombay, Datta supported filmmaker Hrishikesh Mukherjee as associate director in several more films. He also worked on several documentary films sponsored by Doordarshan between 1977 and 1983.

Devi (1960 film)
Devi (transl. Goddess) is a 1960 Indian Bengali-language drama by director Satyajit Ray, starring Sharmila Tagore, Soumitra Chatterjee, and Chhabi Biswas. It is based on a short story by Prabhat Kumar Mukhopadhyay. The plot follows a zamindar (Biswas) who believes that his daughter-in-law (Tagore) has revealed herself to be a Goddess incarnate in a dream.
Omphalocele
An omphalocele or omphalocoele, also known as an exomphalos, is a rare abdominal wall defect. Beginning at the 6th week of development, rapid elongation of the gut and increased liver size reduces intra abdominal space, which pushes intestinal loops out of the abdominal cavity. Around 10th week, the intestine returns to the abdominal cavity and the process is completed by the 12th week. Persistence of intestine or the presence of other abdominal viscera (e.g. stomach, liver) in the umbilical cord results in an omphalocele.

Omphalocele occurs in 1 in 4,000 births and is associated with a high rate of mortality (25%) and severe malformations, such as cardiac anomalies (50%), neural tube defect (40%), exstrophy of the bladder and Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome. Approximately 15% of live-born infants with omphalocele have chromosomal abnormalities. About 30% of infants with an omphalocele have other congenital abnormalities.

Umbilical ring
The umbilical ring is a dense fibrous ring surrounding the umbilicus at birth. At about the sixth week of embryological development, the midgut herniates through the umbilical ring; six weeks later it returns to the abdominal cavity and rotates around the superior mesenteric artery.

Dense embryonic connective tissue encircles the attachment of the umbilical cord. It forms an umbilical ring of mesodermal condensation surrounding the coelomic portal, and is present in the 16 mm. embryo, but more emphatically so in the 23 mm. embryo. The compact tissue first appears in the stalk mesoderm, situated superficial to the allantoic vessels. Cranially it lies ventral to the umbilical vein and on each side extends into the tissue of the lateral pillars of the cord bounding the coelom. When the myotomic downgrowths reach the ventral aspect, their anterior portions (i.e. the sheaths of the recti muscles) become continuous with the tissue of the umbilical ring.
Bantayanon language
The Bantayanon language is the regional language of the Bantayan islands in the Philippines. It is a part of the Bisayan language family and is closely related to Waray and Hiligaynon. There are three dialects of Bantayanon, based in the three municipalities that comprise the island group: Binantayanun (in Bantayan), Linawisanun (in Madridejos), and Sinantapihanun (in Santa Fe), the most idiosyncratic of the three. There are also significant dialectal differences between the speech patterns of those that live in the town centers and those that live outside of the more rural areas of the islands.

Regional language
A regional language is a language spoken in a region of a sovereign state, whether it be a small area, a federated state or province or some wider area.

Internationally, for the purposes of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, "regional or minority languages" means languages that are:

traditionally used within a given territory of a State by nationals of that State who form a group numerically smaller than the rest of the State's population and

different from the official language(s) of that State

Recognition of regional or minority languages must not be confused with recognition as an official language.
Wood ear
Wood-ear or tree ear (Chinese: 木耳; pinyin: mù'ěr, Korean: 목이 버섯), also translated wood jellyfish or tree jellyfish (Japanese: キクラゲ, Hepburn: ki-kurage), can refer to a few similar-looking edible fungi used primarily in Chinese cuisine; these are commonly sold in Asian markets shredded and dried.

Auricularia heimuer (黑木耳, black ear fungus), previously misdetermined as Auricularia auricula-judae

Auricularia cornea (毛木耳, cloud ear fungus), also called Auricularia polytricha

Tremella fuciformis (银耳, white/silver ear fungus)

The black and cloud ear fungi are black in appearance and closely related. The white ear fungus is superficially similar but has important ecological, taxonomical, and culinary differences.

Other species in the genus Auricularia may be commonly called "wood ear" where they are found.

Auricularia
Auricularia is a genus of fungi in the family Auriculariaceae. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are typically gelatinous and ear-shaped, with a slightly downy to conspicuously hirsute upper surface and an under surface that is smooth, wrinkled or veined. All species grow on wood. Several Auricularia species are edible and commercially cultivated on a large scale in China and East Asia.
Floating Schools
Floating Schools in Bangladesh are mobile educational boats designed to provide access to schooling in flood-prone, riverine and haor regions of the country. These floating classrooms operate on boats or pontoons equipped with solar power, internet facilities, and educational resources. They offer formal and non-formal education to children who are unable to attend conventional schools due to seasonal or permanent flooding.

Internet in Bangladesh
The Internet in Bangladesh has witnessed significant growth despite facing many constraints in expanding Internet access and use, development of the Internet and Information Technology are high government priorities. In 2025, Internet users in Bangladesh increased to 77.7 million with internet penetration at 44.5%.

On 19 February 2018, Bangladesh started the 4G network service.
The George Washington Hotel (Winchester, Virginia)
The George Washington Hotel is a historic hotel located in downtown Winchester, Virginia. It was built in 1924 by The American Hotel Corporation, as part of their "Colonial Chain" of hotels. Like many hotels of the era, the property was built in close proximity of a B&O train station and was constructed to provide lodging to railroad passengers.

Winchester, Virginia
Winchester is the northernmost independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. It is the county seat of Frederick County, although the two are separate jurisdictions. As of 2020 United States census, the city's population was 28,120. It is the principal city of the Winchester metropolitan area with a population of just over 145,000 extending into West Virginia, which is a part of the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area. Winchester is home to Shenandoah University and the Museum of the Shenandoah Valley.
2022 Swiss referendums
Federal referendums were held in Switzerland on 13 February, 15 May and 25 September 2022. Swiss referendums take three forms: popular initiatives, which are citizen proposals to create a new law and require 100,000 valid signatures on a petition to get on the ballot; facultative or optional referendums, which are citizen proposals to approve or reject a piece of existing law and require 50,000 valid signatures on a petition to get on the ballot; and mandatory referendums, which are required to revise the constitution, join an international organization or introduce emergency federal legislation for over a year.

Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland
The Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland (German: Eidgenössisch-Demokratische Union, EDU; French: Union Démocratique Fédérale, UDF; Italian: Unione Democratica Federale, UDF; Romansch: Uniun Democrata Federala, UDF) is a national-conservative political party in Switzerland. Its ideology is politically conservative, Protestant fundamentalist, and right-wing populist. It is similar to the Christian right in the United States, and its top goals are to promote "biblical values" and oppose other cultures and values.

Founded in 1975, the party's current president is Daniel Frischknecht who succeeded the long-serving Hans Moser (2001–2020) in 2020. The EDU is a minor political party that polls around 1% of the vote and holds two seats in the Swiss National Council as of 2023.
Why (Gabrielle song)
"Why" is a song by English singer Gabrielle. It was written by Gabrielle, longtime collaborators Ben Wolff and Andy Dean, and Paul Weller for her fifth studio album, Always (2007). The song was one of the final songs recorded for the album and written around a sample of Weller's 1993 song "Wild Wood". Weller enjoyed Gabrielle's interpretation of the song so much, he recorded new vocals for the track following Gabrielle's recording of the original demo version of "Why". It also features David Cracknell, then political editor of The Sunday Times, on piano. Selected as the album's lead single, "Why" was released on 17 September 2007 as a digital download and one week later, on 24 September 2007, as a physical CD single. It charted at number 42 on the UK Singles Chart, her second consecutive single to miss the top 40.

Wild Wood
Wild Wood is the second solo studio album by the English singer-songwriter Paul Weller, released in September 1993. It made it to number 2 on the UK Albums Chart, and contained four UK hits: "Wild Wood", which reached number 14 on the UK charts, "Sunflower", which reached number 16, "The Weaver" which reached number 18 as "The Weaver EP" and "Hung Up", which reached number 11.

The original 1993 UK and European CD included 15 tracks. When issued in the US, and reissued in the UK in 1994, a 16th track was added. A two-disc deluxe edition was released on 22 October 2007.

The title track, "Wild Wood", was released as a single in 1993, with "Ends of the Earth" as the B-side. It reached no. 14 on the UK charts in September 1993.
Pointe technique
Pointe technique (/pwænt/ pwant) is part of classical ballet involving a technique that concerns pointe work, in which a ballet dancer supports all body weight on the tips of fully extended feet when wearing pointe shoes. A dancer is said to be en pointe (/ɒ̃-, ɒn-, ɑːn ˈpwænt/) when the body is supported in this manner, and a fully extended vertical foot is said to be en pointe when touching the floor, even when not bearing weight.

Pointe technique resulted from a desire for female dancers to appear weightless and sylph-like. Although both men and women are capable of pointe work, it is most often performed by women. Extensive training and practice are required to develop the strength and technique needed for pointe work. Typically, dance teachers consider factors such as age, experience, strength and alignment when deciding whether to allow a dancer to begin pointe work.

Toe
Toes are the digits of the foot of a tetrapod. Animal species such as cats that walk on their toes are described as being digitigrade. Humans, and other animals that walk on the soles of their feet, are described as being plantigrade; unguligrade animals are those that walk on hooves at the tips of their toes.