hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Smith Island (Alaska)
Smith Island is an island in the Prince William Sound in Chugach, Alaska, United States. It is located to the east of Eleanor Island, north of Montague Island, and west of Hinchinbrook Island. The island has a maximum elevation of 440 feet (130 m) above the sea level. Its name was first recorded in a land survey in 1900.

Chugach Census Area, Alaska
Chugach Census Area is a census area located in the state of Alaska, United States. It is part of the Unorganized Borough and therefore has no seat of government. On January 2, 2019, it was split from the Valdez–Cordova Census Area (of which it claims to be the successor), along with neighboring Copper River Census Area.

As of the 2020 census, the census area had a population of 7,102; its largest communities are the cities of Valdez and Cordova.
5α-Dihydrocortisol
5α-Dihydrocortisol (5α-DHF), also known as hydrallostane or as allodihydrocortisol, is a metabolite of cortisol that is formed by 5α-reductase. It is present in the aqueous humor of the eye, is produced in the lens of the eye, and is involved in regulating the formation of the aqueous humor. 5α-DHF can be further metabolized into 3α,5α-tetrahydrocortisol by 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.

5α-Reductase
5α-Reductases, also known as 3-oxo-5α-steroid 4-dehydrogenases, are enzymes involved in steroid metabolism. They participate in three metabolic pathways: bile acid biosynthesis, androgen and estrogen metabolism.  There are three isozymes of 5α-reductase encoded by the genes SRD5A1, SRD5A2, and SRD5A3.

5α-Reductases catalyze the following generalized chemical reaction:

a 3-oxo-5α-steroid + acceptor ⇌ a 3-oxo-Δ4-steroid + reduced acceptor

Where a 3-oxo-5α-steroid and acceptor are substrates, and a corresponding 3-oxo-Δ4-steroid and the reduced acceptor are products. An instance of this generalized reaction that 5α-reductase type 2 catalyzes is:

where dihydrotestosterone is the 3-oxo-5α-steroid, NADP+ is the acceptor and testosterone is the 3-oxo-Δ4-steroid and NADPH the reduced acceptor.
Mugila Mallige
Mugila Mallige (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1985 Indian Kannada language film written and directed by K. Balachander and produced by his own Kavithalaya Productions.  Starring Saritha, Ashok and Pavitra in lead roles, the film featured Ramakrishna and Srinath in other pivotal roles. Saritha received a Filmfare award for her performance.

The film was a remake of Balachander's own Tamil film Thamarai Nenjam. The film had Suresh Krissna as an assistant director working under Balachander.

Suresh Krissna
Suresh Krissna (born 25 June 1959) is an Indian film director who has directed Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada, and Hindi-language films. His first independent film as a director was Sathya (1988), with Kamal Haasan. He is well known for having directed Rajinikanth in four films which include, Annaamalai (1992), Veera (1994), Baashha (1995) and Baba (2002).
British Youth Council
The British Youth Council, known informally as BYC, was a UK charity that worked to empower young people and promote their interests. The national charity, run by young people, existed to represent the views of young people to government and decision-makers at a local, national, European and international level; and to promote the increased participation of young people in society and public life. It was partly funded by the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport and UK Parliament.

The charity announced its closure on 21st March 2024 after over 70 years working in the youth voice sector, following financial insolvency. All assets of the British Youth Council have been taken over by the National Youth Agency.

Department for Culture, Media and Sport
The Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It holds the responsibility for culture and sport, and some aspects of the media throughout the UK, such as broadcasting. Its main offices are at 100 Parliament Street, occupying part of the building known as Government Offices Great George Street.

It also has responsibility for the tourism, leisure and creative industries (some jointly with the Department for Business and Trade). The department was also responsible for the delivery of the 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games.

From 2017 to 2023, the department had responsibility for the building of a digital economy and was known as the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. The responsibilities for digital policy were transferred to the newly created Department for Science, Innovation and Technology in the February 2023 cabinet reshuffle.
Nervures
Nervures (English: Ribs) is a French aircraft manufacturer based in Soulom. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of paragliders and paramotor wings in the form of ready-to-fly aircraft, plus paragliding accessories.

Company paraglider designer Xavier Demoury has also designed gliders for ITV Parapentes and Aerodyne Technologies.

The company has been noted for its large range of gliders offered, especially two-place gliders. At several points in its history the company has offered more than one type of two-place glider, such as in 2003-04 when both the Nervures Stromboli and Nervures Alpamayo were in the line.

The line of intermediate gliders in the mid-2000s also included the Altea and Estive as well as the Valluna and the mountain descent Kenya. The Valluna became one of the first gliders by any manufacturer to be certified to the CEN standard.

Aerospace manufacturer
An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, or spacecraft. Aerospace is a high technology industry.

The aircraft industry is the industry supporting aviation by building aircraft and manufacturing aircraft parts for their maintenance.  This includes aircraft and parts used for civil aviation and military aviation. Most production is done pursuant to type certificates and Defense Standards issued by a government body. This term has been largely subsumed by the more encompassing term: "aerospace industry".
Genitive construction
In grammar, a genitive construction or genitival construction is a type of grammatical construction used to express a relation between two nouns such as the possession of one by another (e.g. "John's jacket"), or some other type of connection (e.g. "John's father" or "the father of John"). A genitive construction involves two nouns, the head (or modified noun) and the dependent (or modifier noun).

In dependent-marking languages, a dependent genitive noun modifies the head by expressing some property of it. For example, in the construction "John's jacket", "jacket" is the head and "John's" is the modifier, expressing a property of the jacket (it is owned by John). The analogous relationship in head-marking languages is pertensive.

In Arabic and Persian grammar, call the head or modified noun in genitive construction "مضاف /muzaf/" and the dependent or modifier noun in genitive construction "مضاف‌الیه /muzafun-ilayh/".

Dependent-marking language
A dependent-marking language has grammatical markers of agreement and case government between the words of phrases that tend to appear more on dependents than on heads. The distinction between head-marking and dependent-marking was first explored by Johanna Nichols in 1986, and has since become a central criterion in language typology in which languages are classified according to whether they are more head-marking or dependent-marking. Many languages employ both head and dependent-marking, but some employ double-marking, and yet others employ zero-marking. However, it is not clear that the head of a clause has anything to do with the head of a noun phrase, or even what the head of a clause is.
Jennifer Kilian
Jennifer Mary Kilian (born September 19, 1953, New York City, New York, United States) is an American-Dutch translator. She started translating in 1988, when she co-founded Kist & Kilian with her associate Katy Kist. She studied art history at Barnard College and at the Institute of Fine Arts, NYU, NY, earning her Ph.D. in 1993 for her catalogue raisonne of the paintings of the Dutch Golden Age artist Karel du Jardin. Her book on the artist was published in 2005,  and her catalogue of the Du Jardin exhibition in the Rijksmuseum came out in 2007/2008. Both were reviewed in The Burlington Magazine. As a translator, she has worked for the Mauritshuis, the Van Gogh Museum, and the Rijksmuseum, translating books, catalogues, wall texts, brochures, etc., on history and art history.

Van Gogh Museum
The Van Gogh Museum (Dutch pronunciation: [vɑŋˈɣɔx mʏˌzeːjʏm]) is a Dutch art museum dedicated to the works of Vincent van Gogh and his contemporaries in the Museum Square in Amsterdam South, close to the Stedelijk Museum, the Rijksmuseum, and the Concertgebouw. The museum opened on 2 June 1973, and its buildings were designed by Gerrit Rietveld and Kisho Kurokawa.

The museum contains the largest collection of Van Gogh's paintings and drawings in the world. In 2017, the museum had 2.3 million visitors and was the most-visited museum in the Netherlands, and the 23rd-most-visited art museum in the world. In 2019, the Van Gogh Museum launched the Meet Vincent Van Gogh Experience, a technology-driven "immersive exhibition" on Van Gogh's life and works, which has toured globally.
Gotse Delchev Municipality
Gotse Delchev Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Гоце Делчев, Obshtina Gotse Delchev)  is a municipality in Blagoevgrad Province in Bulgaria. It is situated in the southwestern part of Bulgaria in the valley of Mesta river and the surrounding parts of Pirin and Rhodope mountains, bordering with Sandanski Municipality to the west, Bansko Municipality to the north, Garmen Municipality to the east and Hadzhidimovo Municipality to the south.

Blagoevgrad Province
41°45′N 23°15′E﻿ / ﻿41.750°N 23.250°E﻿ / 41.750; 23.250

Blagoevgrad Province (Bulgarian: област Благоевград, oblast Blagoevgrad or Благоевградска област, Blagoevgradska oblast), also known as Pirin Macedonia or Bulgarian Macedonia (Bulgarian: Пиринска Македония; Българска Македония), (Pirinska Makedoniya or Bulgarska Makedoniya) is a province (oblast) of southwestern Bulgaria. It borders four other Bulgarian provinces to the north and east, the Greek region of Macedonia to the south, and North Macedonia to the west. The province has 14 municipalities with 12 towns. Its principal city is Blagoevgrad, while other significant towns include Bansko, Gotse Delchev, Melnik, Petrich, Razlog, Sandanski, and Simitli.
Christine de Veyrac
Christine de Veyrac (born 6 November 1959 in Toulouse) is a French politician who served as a Member of the European Parliament from 1999 until 2014. She is a member of the Union for a Popular Movement, which is part of the European People's Party.

In parliament, De Veyrac served on the Committee on Transport and Tourism. She was also a substitute for the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs, a member of the Delegation for relations with the Palestinian Legislative Council and a substitute for the Delegation for relations with Israel.

She used to be the parliamentary attaché of Valéry Giscard d'Estaing.

European Parliament Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs
The Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs (LIBE) is a committee of the European Parliament that is responsible for protecting civil liberties and human rights, as listed in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.
1938 Saint Louis Billikens football team
The 1938 Saint Louis Billikens football team represented Saint Louis University during the 1938 college football season, their 39th season in existence. They finished the season 3–5–2 and 1–1–1 in the Missouri Valley Conference.

Against fellow MVC team, they lost to Tulsa, beat Grinnell, and tied Washington University. They recorded losses against Ole Miss of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and Missouri of the Big Six Conference.

1938 Tulsa Golden Hurricane football team
The 1938 Tulsa Golden Hurricane football team represented the University of Tulsa during the 1938 college football season. In their third year under head coach Vic Hurt, the Golden Hurricane compiled a 4–5–1 record (3–1 against conference opponents) and won the Missouri Valley Conference championship. The team defeated Oklahoma A&M (20–7), tied Arkansas (6–6) and lost to No. 10 Oklahoma (28–6) and TCU (21–0).
William III of Provence
William III (died after 1037) was the count and margrave of Provence from 1014 to his death. He inherited the titles of his father Rotbold II but preceded his cousin William IV as count.

His mother was Ermengarde, later the second wife of Rudolph III of Burgundy. He is recorded as late as 1032 with the title of marchio and is last recorded donating property to Cluny in 1037. William had no known descendants and he left his margravial rights to his sister, Emma, who married William III Taillefer, Count of Toulouse, and thus brought the margravial title in Provence to the House of Toulouse.

Cluny
Cluny (French pronunciation: [klyni]) is a commune in the eastern French department of Saône-et-Loire, in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. It is 20 km (12 mi) northwest of Mâcon.

The town grew up around the Benedictine Abbey of Cluny, founded by Duke William I of Aquitaine in 910. The height of Cluniac influence was from the second half of the 10th century through the early 12th. The abbey was sacked by the Huguenots in 1562, and many of its valuable manuscripts were destroyed or removed.
Godrej Enterprises Group
Godrej Enterprises Group (Including Godrej & Boyce and its affiliates) is an Indian multinational conglomerate headquartered in Mumbai. G&B was founded in 1897 by Ardeshir Godrej and Pirojsha Burjorji Godrej. The company is known for developing one of the earliest springless locks and manufacturing refrigerators in India.

In 2024, the Godrej family restructured its businesses, forming two independent entities: Godrej Enterprises Group and Godrej Industries Group. Jamshyd Godrej serves as the Chairperson and Managing Director of GEG, while Nyrika Holkar is the Executive Director.

GEG operates in over 60 countries across five continents and has business interests in aerospace, defense, energy, security, and consumer durables through its flagship company, Godrej & Boyce, and its affiliates. In 2024, the company introduced a new identity with a purple logo while retaining its cursive signature design.

Aerospace
Aerospace refers to the technology and industry involved with the atmosphere and outer space collectively. Aerospace activity is very diverse, with a multitude of commercial, industrial, and military applications. Aerospace engineering consists of aeronautics and astronautics. Aerospace organizations research, design, manufacture, operate, maintain, and repair both aircraft and spacecraft.

The border between space and the atmosphere has been proposed as 100 kilometres (62.1 mi) above the ground according to the physical explanation that the air density is too low for a lifting body to generate meaningful lift force without exceeding orbital velocity. This border has been called the Kármán line.
Vishakhadatta
Vishakhadatta (Sanskrit: विशाखदत्त) was an Indian Sanskrit poet and playwright. Although Vishakhadatta furnishes the names of his father and grandfather as Maharaja Bhaskaradatta and Maharaja Vateshvaradatta in his political drama Mudrārākṣasa, we know little else about him. Only two of his plays, the Mudrārākṣasa and the Devichandraguptam are known to us. His period is not certain but he probably flourished in or after the 6th century CE. Some scholars such as A. S. Altekar, K. P. Jayaswal and Sten Konow theorized that Vishakhadatta was a contemporary of Chandragupta II, and lived in late 4th century to early 5th century. But this view has been challenged by other scholars, including Moriz Winternitz and R. C. Majumdar.

R. C. Majumdar
Ramesh Chandra Majumdar (known as R. C. Majumdar; 4 December 1888 – 11 February 1980) was an Indian historian and professor known for promoting Hindu nationalist views. He principally studied the history of India.
San Casciano in Val di Pesa
San Casciano in Val di Pesa is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Florence.

San Casciano in Val di Pesa borders the following municipalities; Greve in Chianti, Impruneta, Montespertoli, Scandicci and
Tavarnelle Val di Pesa.

Tavarnelle Val di Pesa
Tavarnelle Val di Pesa is a village (Italian: frazione) in Barberino Tavarnelle in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany. Before 2019 it was a  municipality (Italian: comune). It is about 25 kilometres (16 miles) south of Florence.
Barri (surname)
Barri is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Barta Barri (1911–2003), Hungarian-born Spanish film actor

Diego Barri (born 1995), Spanish professional footballer

Felipe de Barri (died 1784) was comandante of Alta California

Gerard Barri (born 2001), Spanish footballer

Gerald de Barri, 14th-century mediaeval Bishop of Cork

Giacomo Barri (died 1690), Italian painter and printmaker of the Baroque period

Mario Barri (1928–1963), Filipino actor and film director

Odoardo Barri, the pseudonym of Edward Slater (1844–1920)

R. Barri Flowers, (born 1956), American writer of mystery novels and non-fiction books, as well as a criminologist

Steve Barri (born 1942), American songwriter and record producer

Tarik Barri (born 1979), Dutch audiovisual composer

Giacomo Barri
Giacomo Barri (died 1690) was an Italian painter and printmaker of the Baroque period. He was born in Venice. He etched some plates from his own designs, and in 1671 published a book entitled Viaggio pittoresco d'Italia, with summary vedute of the towns and paintings of great masters from diverse cities of Italy. Within a decade, the book was re-published in English by William Lodge (1649–1689) from Leeds. He also completed an etching of the Nativity after Paolo Veronese.
This Side of Heaven
This Side of Heaven is a 1934 American pre-Code drama film directed by William K. Howard, written by Zelda Sears, Eve Greene, Edgar Allan Woolf and Florence Ryerson, and starring Lionel Barrymore, Fay Bainter, Mae Clarke, Tom Brown and Una Merkel. It was released on February 2, 1934, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

William K. Howard
William K. Howard (June 16, 1899 – February 21, 1954) was an American film director, writer, and producer. Considered one of Hollywood's leading directors at one point, he directed over 50 films from 1921 to 1946, including The Thundering Herd (1925), The Power and the Glory (1933), Fire Over England (1937), and Johnny Come Lately (1943).
KAMB (FM)
KAMB (101.5 FM, Celebration Radio) is a non-commercial radio station licensed to Merced, California, United States, serving the Modesto-Turlock-Merced area of the Central Valley in Central California. Owned by Central Valley Broadcasting Company, Inc. KAMB features a Contemporary Christian format and has been a Christian radio station since its founding on November 4, 1967.

Studios are on East 16th Street in Merced, while the transmitter is on a mountaintop in Mount Bullion, California, about 20 miles (32 km) northeast of Merced. In addition, KAMB is relayed on several FM translators in Central and Northern California.

Turlock, California
Turlock is a city in Stanislaus County, California, United States. Its population was 72,740 at the 2020 United States census, making it the second-largest city in Stanislaus County after Modesto. The city is home to California State University, Stanislaus.
2009 Wimbledon Championships – Ladies' invitation doubles
Jana Novotná and Kathy Rinaldi were the defending champions but did not compete together. Novotná competed with Andrea Temesvári and Rinaldi competed with Tracy Austin, but both paired were eliminated in the round robin.

Martina Navratilova and Helena Suková defeated Ilana Kloss and Rosalyn Nideffer in the final, 6-3, 6-2 to win the ladies' invitation doubles tennis title at the 2009 Wimbledon Championships.

Jana Novotná
Jana Novotná (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjana ˈnovotnaː]; 2 October 1968 – 19 November 2017) was a Czech professional tennis player. She was ranked world No. 2 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) in 1997, and as the world No. 1 in women's doubles for 67 weeks. Novotná won the women's singles title at Wimbledon in 1998, and was runner-up in three other singles majors. She also won twelve major women's doubles titles (completing a double career Grand Slam), four major mixed doubles titles, and three Olympic medals. Novotná played a serve and volley game, an increasingly rare style of play among women during her career.
Viggo Johannessen
Viggo Johannessen (6 February 1936 – 21 June 2012) was a Norwegian director and civil servant.

He was born at Nøtterøy in 1936. In 1963, he graduated from the University of Oslo with a cand.real. degree. From 1960 to 72, Johannessen worked as a scientist at the Institute of Transport Economics; for the rest of the decade he acted as managing director of Linjegods. In 1982, after ten years at Linjegods, he became the managing director of the three Oslo local transport authorities Oslo Sporveier, Ekebergbanen and Holmenkolbanen. In 1985, Johannessen left the director's office in order to become chief administrative officer of finance (finansrådmann) of Oslo Municipality. In 1991, he returned to Oslo Sporveier as special adviser, and, in the following year became division director of the same company. He died in 2012.

Oslo Sporveier
AS Oslo Sporveier is a defunct municipal owned company responsible for public transport in Oslo, Norway. It was created in 1924 to take over the city's two private tram companies. In 1927 its started with bus transport, including from 1940 to 1968 trolleybuses. Since 1966 rapid transit and from 1985 water buses have also been operated by the company. It was split into two separate companies in 2006; Kollektivtransportproduksjon took over the operation while Oslo Public Transport Administration (who retained the Oslo Sporveier brand) was responsible for buying the services, fare regulation and marketing. The latter merged into Ruter in 2008, when the Oslo Sporveier brand was discontinued.
1940 Philippine National Assembly special elections
Four special elections (known elsewhere as "by-elections") were held on December 10, 1940, for vacant seats in the National Assembly of the Philippines, the legislative body of the Commonwealth of the Philippines. These elections were conducted to fill the seats left vacant by the appointment of Pedro Sabido as manager of the National Abaca and other Fibers Corporation in Albay's third district, the deaths of Ruperto Montinola in Iloilo's second district and Ruperto Kapunan in Leyte's fifth district, and the resignation of Felipe Buencamino Jr. in Nueva Ecija's second district. The date of the special elections was set by President Manuel L. Quezon through Proclamation No. 625 signed on October 4, 1940.

The special elections were held on the same date as local elections for provincial, municipal and city officials.

Nueva Ecija
Nueva Ecija, officially the Province of Nueva Ecija (Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Nueva Ecija Tagalog pronunciation: [ˈnwɛvɐ ʔɛˈsiha, ˈnwɛbɐ -]; Ilocano: Probinsia ti Nueva Ecija; Pangasinan: Luyag na Nueva Ecija; Kapampangan: Lalawigan ning Nueva Ecija; Spanish: Provincia de Nueva Écija), is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. Its capital is the city of Palayan, while Cabanatuan, its former capital, is the largest city and the economic, commercial, and institutional center of Nueva Ecija. The province borders, from the south clockwise, Bulacan, Pampanga, Tarlac, Pangasinan, Nueva Vizcaya and Aurora. The province is nationally known as the Rice Granary of the Philippines, producing the largest rice yield in the country.