hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Foliar feeding
Foliar feeding is a technique of feeding plants by applying liquid fertilizer directly to the leaves. Plants are able to absorb essential elements through their leaves. The absorption takes place through their stomata and also through their epidermis.  Transport is usually faster through the stomata, but total absorption may be as great through the epidermis.  Plants are also able to absorb nutrients through their bark.

Foliar feeding was earlier thought to damage tomatoes, but has become standard practice.

Epidermis (botany)
pith

protoxylem

xylem

phloem

sclerenchyma (bast fibre)

cortex

epidermis

The epidermis (from the Greek ἐπιδερμίς, meaning "over-skin") is a single layer of cells that covers the leaves, flowers, roots and stems of plants. It forms a boundary between the plant and the external environment. The epidermis serves several functions: it protects against water loss, regulates gas exchange, secretes metabolic compounds, and (especially in roots) absorbs water and mineral nutrients. The epidermis of most leaves shows dorsoventral anatomy: the upper (adaxial) and lower (abaxial) surfaces have somewhat different construction and may serve different functions. Woody stems and some other stem structures such as potato tubers produce a secondary covering called the periderm that replaces the epidermis as the protective covering.
Epiphysiodesis
Epiphysiodesis is a pediatric orthopedic surgery procedure that aims at altering or stopping the bone growth naturally occurring through the growth plate also known as the physeal plate. There are two types of epiphysiodesis: temporary hemiepiphysiodesis and permanent epiphysiodesis. Temporary hemiepiphysiodesis is also known as guided growth surgery or growth modulation surgery. Temporary hemiepiphysiodesis is reversible i.e. the metal implants used to achieve epiphysiodesis can be removed after the desired correction is achieved and the growth plate can thus resume its normal growth and function. In contrast, permanent epiphysiodesis is irreversible and the growth plate function cannot be restored after surgery. Both temporary hemiepiphysiodesis and permanent epiphysiodesis are used to treat a diverse array of pediatric orthopedic disorders but the exact indications for each procedure are different.

Implant
An implant is a medical device manufactured to replace a missing biological structure, support a damaged biological structure, or enhance an existing biological structure. For example, an implant may be a rod, used to strengthen weak bones. Medical implants are human-made devices, in contrast to a transplant, which is a transplanted biomedical tissue. The surface of implants that contact the body might be made of a biomedical material such as titanium, silicone, or apatite depending on what is the most functional.  In 2018, for example, American Elements developed a nickel alloy powder for 3D printing robust, long-lasting, and biocompatible medical implants. In some cases implants contain electronics, e.g. artificial pacemaker and cochlear implants. Some implants are bioactive, such as subcutaneous drug delivery devices in the form of implantable pills or drug-eluting stents.
Tristan Vautier
Tristan Philippe Alain Vautier (born 22 August 1989) is a French professional racing driver who is currently competing in the 2025 IMSA SportsCar Championship for Proton Competition and in the 2025 European Le Mans Series for CLX – Pure Rxcing.

CLX Motorsport
CLX Motorsport, formerly known as Cool Racing, is a French-based Swiss sports car racing team which currently competes in the European Le Mans Series, fielding entries in the LMP2 and LMP3 classes, as well as the Le Mans Cup.

Founded in 2017 by Patrick Barbier and Alexandre Coigny, owner of Cool Aviation, the team initially partnered with Racing Spirit of Léman to run their operations. At the end of 2020, a restructuring occurred, during which Nicolas Lapierre became the team principal and the outfit was rebranded to Cool Racing / CLX Motorsport; the C and L standing for Coigny and Lapierre respectively. CLX fully absorbed the team in 2025.
Demnia, Ternopil Oblast
Demnia (Ukrainian: Демня) is a village in Ternopil Raion of Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Naraiv rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Demnia belonged to Berezhany Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Berezhany Raion was merged into Ternopil Raion.

Ternopil Raion
Ternopil Raion (Ukrainian: Тернопільський район) is a raion in Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. Its administrative center is Ternopil. It has a population of 559,357 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast was reduced to three, and the area of Ternopil Raion was significantly expanded. Six abolished raions, Berezhany, Kozova, Pidhaitsi, Pidvolochysk, Terebovlia, and Zboriv Raions, a part of one more abolished raion, Zbarazh Raion, as well as Berezhany Municipality and the city of Ternopil, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Ternopil Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 67,199 (2020 est.).
St Marys, New South Wales
St Marys is a suburb in western Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is 45 kilometres (28 mi)west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Penrith.

St Marys sits between South Creek which forms the western boundary and Ropes Creek, its eastern boundary. The Western train line splits the suburb into northern and southern halves. The northern portion of St Marys/Dunheved is abundant with trade (especially automotive), manufacturing, waste processing, and storage centres, yet also contains a leagues club. In contrast, the southern end of St Marys is a commercial and residential hub, with Queen Street functioning as the 'main street' retail district alongside separate shopping centres, a town square, a swimming pool, community centres, sports fields, and schools.

City of Penrith
The City of Penrith is a local government area in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The seat of the city is located in Penrith, located within Sydney about 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of Sydney central business district. It occupies part of the traditional lands of the Darug people. First incorporated as a municipality on 12 May 1871, on 1 January 1949, the municipalities of Penrith, St Marys and Castlereagh and part of the Nepean Shire amalgamated to form a new Municipality of Penrith. Penrith was declared a City on 21 October 1959, and expanded westwards to include Emu Plains and Emu Heights, formerly part of the City of Blue Mountains, on 25 October 1963. As of the 2021 census the City of Penrith had an estimated population of 217,664. It is a member council of the Hawkesbury River County Council.

The mayor of the City of Penrith is Todd Carney, a member of the Labor Party (no relation to the NRL player).
Laabam
Laabam (transl. Profit) is a 2021 Indian Tamil-language action drama film directed and co-written by S. P. Jananathan. It stars Vijay Sethupathi and Shruti Haasan, with Jagapathi Babu, Dhansika, and Kalaiyarasan in pivotal roles.

Filming for Laabam took place between April 2019 and December 2020. Ramji was hired as cinematographer, while D. Imman is the music composer. The film was released theatrically on 9 September 2021. It was Jananathan's final film as he died six months before its release.

Jagapathi Babu
Veeramachaneni Jagapathi Chowdary (born 12 February 1962), professionally known as Jagapathi Babu (pronunciationⓘ), is an Indian actor known for his works in Telugu cinema. He has also appeared in Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam and Hindi films. Babu has appeared in 170 feature films, and has received four Filmfare Awards and seven state Nandi Awards.

He has worked with notable directors like Kodi Ramakrishna, S. V. Krishna Reddy, Ram Gopal Varma, Krishna Vamsi, E. V. V. Satyanarayana, Gunasekhar, Chandra Sekhar Yeleti, Siva, A. M. Rathnam, K. Raghavendra Rao, Radha Mohan, Mohan Raja, J. D. Chakravarthy, Boyapati Srinu, Trivikram Srinivas, Vysakh, K. S. Ravikumar, Sukumar, Koratala Siva and Prashanth Neel.
Morton Margolin Prize for Distinguished Business Reporting
The Morton Margolin Prize for Distinguished Business Reporting was an award for reporting in business journalism published in a Colorado newspaper or magazine. It was awarded between 1980–2008 by the University of Denver Daniels College of Business and the University's Department of Media, Film and Journalism Studies (formerly part of the School of Communication).

The Margolin Family Distinguished Lecture Award was established at the University of Denver in 2015 to honor the legacy of Morton Margolin and to replace the Prize. The annual lecture introduces university students and the broader Denver community to journalists and news influencers who are utilizing journalism and media to inform and to bring about positive change on issues of concern to young people.

Rocky Mountain News
The Rocky Mountain News (nicknamed the Rocky) was a daily newspaper published in Denver, Colorado, from April 23, 1859, until February 27, 2009. It was owned by the E. W. Scripps Company from 1926 until its closing. As of March 2006, the Monday–Friday circulation was 255,427. From the 1940s until 2009, the newspaper was printed in a tabloid format.

Under the leadership of president, publisher, and editor John Temple, the Rocky Mountain News had won four Pulitzer Prizes since 2000.  Most recently in 2006, the newspaper won two Pulitzers, in Feature Writing and Feature Photography. The paper's final issue appeared on Friday, February 27, 2009, less than two months shy of its 150th anniversary. Its demise left Denver a one-newspaper town, with The Denver Post as the sole remaining large-circulation daily.
Pete Caringi III
Peter Anthony Caringi III (born September 24, 1992) is an American soccer player currently playing for Christos FC, a United States Adult Soccer Association team playing in the Baltimore metropolitan area.

Baltimore metropolitan area
The Baltimore–Columbia–Towson Metropolitan Statistical Area, also known as Central Maryland, is a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in Maryland as defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB). It is part of the larger Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area. As of 2022, the combined population of the seven counties is 2,985,871, making it the 20th-largest metropolitan statistical area in the nation.

The area has the fourth-highest median household income in the United States, at $66,970 as of 2012.
Acıöz, Şereflikoçhisar
Acıöz is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Şereflikoçhisar, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 56 (2022). It used to be considered as a village before 2013 Turkish local government reorganisation.

Ankara Province
Ankara Province (Turkish: Ankara ili, pronounced [ˈaŋkaɾa iˈli]) is a province and metropolitan municipality of Turkey with the capital city Ankara. Its area is 25,632 km2, and its population is 5,782,285 (2022).
Petteri Lampinen
Petteri Lampinen (born 5 February 1975) is a Finnish bandy player who plays for Russian side Rodina and the Finnish national bandy team.  Petteri plays in defence and has gained three national champions medals whilst at Edsbyns IF. He made his debut for the national team near the start of 21st century while he was still a Tornio PV player.

Rodina Kirov
Rodina (Russian: Родина) is a bandy club from Kirov, Russia whose team plays in the Russian Bandy Super League. It was founded in 1934. The club colours are white and blue.

The team was originally called Kutsho Factory Team and starting with 1941 Lepse Factory Team after the factory it belonged to. In 1957 it got its current name. It was defunct for seven years in 1967-1974, and didn't return to the top division until the 1980-81 season.

The team plays at the Rodina Stadium in Kirov.
Eugène Balme
Eugène Jean François Balme (22 November 1874 – 24 February 1914) was a French sport shooter who competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris and 1908 Summer Olympics in London.

In 1900 at Paris he won the bronze medal in the 25 metre rapid fire pistol event. Eight years later at London he won another bronze medal in the team free rifle event and was fourth in team military rifle event.

He was born in Oullins and died in Paris. He killed himself in 1914.

Shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's military rifle, team
The  men's team military rifle, also referred to as the International, was one of 15 events on the Shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme.  Teams consisted of six shooters, with each shooter firing 90 shots at targets at varying distances.  Fifteen shots were fired at each of six distances: 200, 500, 600, 800, 900, and 1000 yds 1,000 yards (910 m) (based on traditional military rifle range distances in English speaking countries).  A bulls-eye counted for five points, and thus the highest possible score for each shooter was 450 points, with the team maximum being 2700.

Each shooter was required to use his nation's official military rifle.
Hillcrest High School (Ottawa)
Hillcrest High School is an Ottawa-Carleton District School Board high school in the Elmvale Acres neighbourhood of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The school was opened in 1961. Its sports teams are nicknamed "The Hawks". Its exclusive catchment area covers the neighbourhoods of Riverview, Faircrest Heights, Playfair Park, Elmvale Acres, Urbandale, Hawthorne Meadows, Sheffield Glen, Hunt Club Park and part of Greenboro.

Hillcrest High School is an ethnically diverse school. The surrounding area includes significant Black, Arab, Indian, and Somali communities, among others. Hillcrest also offers a full-immersion French program.

Hawthorne Meadows
Hawthorne Meadows is a neighbourhood in Alta Vista Ward in southeast Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is triangular in shape; it is bounded on the west by St. Laurent Boulevard, on the northeast by Russell Road and on the south by Walkley Road. According to the Canada 2016 Census, the population of this area was 3,577.
Lin Chambers
Lin Chambers (née Hartung) is an American physical scientist. She has developed and contributed to multiple international programs around science education and  citizen science at NASA Langley Research Center.

GLOBE Program
The Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) Program is a worldwide hands-on, science and education program focusing on the environment, now active in over 125 countries worldwide. It works to promote the teaching and learning of science, enhance environmental literacy and stewardship, and promote scientific discovery. Students, educators, and members of the public collect data and perform research in collaboration with scientists from many international agencies, and their work is made accessible through the GLOBE website.
Amanda Murphy (model)
Amanda Jean Murphy (born November 16, 1986) is an American fashion model, radiology technologist, and equestrian. She is best known for being a Prada muse for over a decade. She has been listed as an Icon and one of the Top 50 models in the world by models.com She has been on the cover of Vogue Italia four times.

Vogue Italia
Vogue Italia is the Italian edition of Vogue magazine owned by Condé Nast International. In publication since 1964, it has been called the top fashion magazine in the world. The publication is currently edited by Francesca Ragazzi and was previously edited by Emanuele Farneti, Franca Sozzani and others.
Asterix Versus Caesar
Asterix Versus Caesar (also known in France as Astérix et la surprise de César) is a 1985 French animated adventure comedy film, written by René Goscinny, Albert Uderzo and Pierre Tchernia, produced by Dargaud Films and Les Productions René Goscinny, and released in France originally in December 1985. The film's story sees Asterix and his friend Obelix set off to rescue two lovers from their village that have been kidnapped by the Romans.

The film is the fourth film adaptation of the Asterix comic book series, but features an original story combining the plots of Asterix the Gladiator and Asterix the Legionary, both written by Goscinny. The film's main theme song, Astérix est là, was composed and performed by Plastic Bertrand. A book of the film, containing stills, was released following the film's release, and was later reprinted by Orion Publishing when it re-released the entire comic series.

Traditional animation
Traditional animation (or classical animation, cel animation, or hand-drawn animation) is an animation technique in which each frame is drawn by hand. The technique was the dominant form of animation of the 20th century in the United States until there was a shift to computer animation in the industry, such as 3D computer animation. Despite this, the process remains commonly used primarily in the form of digital ink and paint for television and film, especially when outsourced.
Charles David Cuming
Charles David Cuming (April 7, 1900 – April 27, 1995) was a political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Souris-Estevan from 1944 to 1948 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) member.

He was born in Inchkeith, Saskatchewan and educated in Inchkeith, in Kipling and in Calgary, Alberta. Cuming was a director for the Saskatchewan section of the United Farmers of Canada and also served on the local school board. He was defeated when he ran for reelection to the provincial assembly in 1948. After leaving politics, Cuming served as sheriff for the Estevan district until he retired in 1965. He died in Regina at the age of 95.

Estevan
Estevan is the eleventh-largest city in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is approximately 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) north of the Canada–United States border. The Souris River runs by the city. This city is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Estevan No. 5.
Folkerts
Folkerts is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brian Folkerts (born 1990), American football center

Clayton Folkerts (1897–1964), American aircraft designer, whose designs include:
Folkerts SK-1
Folkerts SK-2
Folkerts SK-3
Folkerts Henderson Highwing

David Folkerts-Landau (born 1949), German economist

Knut Folkerts (born 1952), German terrorist and member of the Red Army Faction

Ulrike Folkerts (born 1961), German actress

Ulrike Folkerts
Ulrike Folkerts (German pronunciation: [ʊlˈʁiːkə ˈfɔlkɐt͡s] ⓘ; born 14 May 1961 in Kassel, Hesse, Germany) is a German actress. She is most famous for playing police officer Lena Odenthal in the German crime television series Tatort. The episodes are located in the town of Ludwigshafen.

Folkerts, who is openly lesbian, participated in the Gay Games 2002 in Sydney and won a silver and bronze medal in the swimming relay. In the single competition, she was disqualified because of a false start. In July 2004, she won a bronze medal at the EuroGames in München.

On the stage, in 2005 and 2006, she was the first woman to play Death in Jedermann, Hugo von Hofmannsthal's version of Everyman, at the Salzburg Festival.
Royal North Gloucestershire Militia
The Royal North Gloucestershire Militia (RNGM), later the 4th (Militia) Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment was a Militia regiment raised in the county of Gloucestershire in the West of England. From its formal creation in 1763 the regiment served in home defence and overseas garrisons in all of Britain's major wars until 1908.

Kingscote Park, Gloucestershire
Kingscote Park (formerly Kingscote Cottage) is a Grade II listed house and country estate in Kingscote, near Tetbury, Gloucestershire, England. The original Kingscote Park was demolished in 1951. Both houses formed part of the manor of Kingscote which was held by the Kingscote family from the 12th century and is mentioned in the Domesday Book as 'Chingescote'.
Iron Mike DiBiase
Michael DiBiase (December 24, 1923 – July 2, 1969) was an American professional wrestler also known by his ring name "Iron" Mike DiBiase. The adoptive father of professional wrestler "The Million Dollar Man" Ted DiBiase, he was married to Ted's mother Helen Hild (also a professional wrestler), and was the grandfather of Mike, Ted Jr., and Brett DiBiase.

NWA North American Heavyweight Championship (Amarillo version)
The Amarillo version of the NWA North American Heavyweight Championship was a top singles title in the National Wrestling Alliance's Amarillo, Texas territory, Western States Sports. It lasted from 1957 until 1969, when it was replaced with the NWA Western States Heavyweight Championship.
Asif Sandila
Mohammad Asif Sandila NI(M) HI(M) SI(M) LoM OM BJSN BYD NMSI (Urdu: محمد ﺁصف سندیلہ; born: 1954), is a retired four-star admiral in the Pakistan Navy who was the 19th Chief of Naval Staff of the Pakistan Navy. Prior to this command appointment, Sandila briefly tenured as the Vice Chief Naval Staff in the Pakistan Navy which he assumed in 2010.

In 2011, President Asif Ali Zardari, on the request of Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gillani, promoted Sandila to four-star admiral and appointed him as the Chief of the Naval Staff on 7 October 2011 upon retirement of the then Chief of Naval Staff Admiral Noman Bashir.

HMS Gabbard
HMS Gabbard was a Battle-class destroyer of the Royal Navy (RN). She was named in honour of the Battle of the Gabbard, which occurred in 1653, and which resulted in an English victory over the Dutch Fleet. Gabbard was built by Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson Limited on the Tyne. She was laid down on 2 February 1944, launched on 16 March 1945 and completed on 10 December 1946.
Violet Sampa-Bredt
Violet Sampa-Bredt (27 October 1950 – 29 March 2015, Germany) was a Zambian politician who served as the member of the National Assembly for Chawama constituency from 2006 to 2011 as a member of the Patriotic Front. She also served as the General Secretary of the Council of Churches in Zambia.

She was:

first ordained female Minister in the United Church of Zambia

General Secretary of the Council of Churches in Zambia

Member of National Assembly of Zambia 2006 to 2011

She was awarded the 1971 Winifred Kiek Scholarship.

United Church in Zambia
The United Church of Zambia (UCZ) is a United Protestant denomination in Zambia, founded in 1967 as a merger of several denominations resulting from missions of the Church of Scotland, the Methodist Missionary Society, and the London Missionary Society.

The United Church of Zambia is the largest Protestant denomination in the country and the second largest Christian denomination, after the Roman Catholic Church.
Menu (film)
Menu is a 1933 American pre-Code short comedy film directed by Nick Grinde, produced by Pete Smith, and filmed in Technicolor. The film was nominated for an Academy Award at the 6th Academy Awards in 1933 for Best Short Subject (Novelty). This could be considered a "prequel" to the MGM short film Penny Wisdom (1937), also produced by Pete Smith.

Prequel
A prequel is a literary, dramatic or cinematic work whose story precedes that of a previous work, by focusing on events that occur before the original narrative. A prequel is a work that forms part of a backstory to the preceding work.

The term "prequel" is a 20th-century neologism from the prefix "pre-" (from Latin prae, "before") and "sequel".

Like sequels, prequels may or may not concern the same plot as the work from which they are derived. More often they explain the background that led to the events in the original, but sometimes the connections are not completely explicit. Sometimes prequels play on the audience's knowledge of what will happen next, using deliberate references to create dramatic irony.