hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rudka, Radomsko County
Rudka [ˈrutka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wielgomłyny, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) east of Wielgomłyny, 28 km (17 mi) east of Radomsko, and 90 km (56 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Radomsko
Radomsko (pronounced [raˈdɔmskɔ] ⓘ) is a city in south-central Poland with 44,700 inhabitants (2021). It is situated on the Radomka river in the Łódź Voivodeship. It is the county seat of Radomsko County.

Founded in the 11th century, Radomsko is a former royal city located within the Sieradz Land, which prospered as a trade center due to its location at the intersection of important trade routes. In the 14th century, it was the site of congresses at which Princess Jadwiga of Poland was chosen as Queen of Poland as the country's first female monarch. Due to particularly strong partisan resistance against German occupiers during World War II, it was dubbed Banditenstadt ("City of Bandits") by the Germans.

It is located on the main railway line connecting Warsaw and Katowice, the country's two largest metropolitan areas, and on the main highway connecting Gdańsk and Łódź with Katowice, part of the European route E75.
Steven Markoff
Steven C. Markoff is an American entrepreneur, film producer, author, and educator. He is the founder of the A-Mark Financial Corporation, a financial services firm based in Santa Monica, California that originally traded in rare coins and precious metals. He later created a series of websites (most notably ProCon.org) with the goal of providing nonpartisan information about a wide range of social and political topics. In the mid-2000s, Markoff served as an executive producer on several films including Alpha Dog, Next Day Air and Stander. He published the non-fiction books, The Case Against George W. Bush, HANDBOOK – The First 100 Years Of The ACLU: A Compendium Of Advocacy Before The United States Supreme Court, and Misfire: The Supreme Court, The Second Amendment, Our Right to Bear Arms, through Rare Bird Books.

Alpha Dog
Alpha Dog  is a 2006 American crime drama film written and directed by Nick Cassavetes. It is based on the true story of the kidnapping and murder of Nicholas Markowitz in 2000. The film features an ensemble cast that includes Ben Foster, Shawn Hatosy, Emile Hirsch, Christopher Marquette, Sharon Stone, Justin Timberlake, Anton Yelchin, and Bruce Willis.

Alpha Dog had its world premiere at the 2006 Sundance Film Festival on January 27, 2006, and was released in the United States on January 12, 2007, by Universal Pictures in the United States and by Capitol Films in international markets. The film received mixed reviews and was a minor box office success, grossing $32.4 million worldwide on a budget of $9.5 million.
Plectronoceras
Plectronoceras is the earliest known shelled cephalopod, dating to the Late Cambrian. None of the fossils are complete, and none show the apex or aperture of the shell. Approximately half of its shell was filled with septa; 7 were recorded in a 2 centimetres (0.79 in) shell.  Its shell contains transverse septa separated by about half a millimetre, with a siphuncle on its concave side. Its morphology matches closely to that hypothesised for the last common ancestor of all cephalopods.

Plectronoceras is the type genus of the family Plectronoceratidae. Fossils of Plectronoceras have been found in the San Saba Limestone of Texas and the Yunnan Province of China.

Province
A province is an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman provincia, which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outside Italy. The term province has since been adopted by many countries. In some countries with no actual provinces, "the provinces" is a metaphorical term meaning "outside the capital city".

While some provinces were produced artificially by colonial powers, others were formed around local groups with their own ethnic identities. Many have their own powers independent of central or federal authority, especially in Canada and Turkey. In other countries, like China or France, provinces are the creation of central government, with very little autonomy.
V. Balan
V. Balan (17 October 1942  – 22 January 2002) was a sculptor and painter from India. He was born the son of Chellamma and Venketachelam Pillai Perumbavoor, Kerala. In 1962 he graduated from and began teaching at the Cochin School of Art. In 1970 he moved to Chennai, where he created a mosaic for a chapel of Salesian Provincialate. From 1972 he started designing the interiors of churches throughout India.

Ten years later he moved to Bangalore and established his studio, Arte Sacra, near the National Biblical, Catechetical and Liturgical Centre.

Perumbavoor
Perumbavoor ([peɾumbaːʋuːr]) is a municipality and a north eastern suburb of the city of Kochi in Kerala. It is located 24 km (14.9 mi) north of the district collectorate in Thrikkakara and about 221 km (137.3 mi) north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram. Perumbavoor is part of the Kochi metropolitan area and is located 32 km (19.9 mi) northeast of the Kochi city centre. As per the 2011 Indian census, Perumbavoor has a population of 28,110 people, and a population density of 2,065/km2 (5,350/sq mi).

In recent years, Perumbavoor has experienced a large influx of migrant labourers from other states in India, primarily West Bengal, Assam, Bihar, and Odisha. Estimates for their numbers in Perumbavoor vary widely, ranging from the low thousands to over one lakh.
2025 Tour de Pologne
The 2025 Tour de Pologne was the 82nd edition of the Tour de Pologne road cycling stage race, and the 28th event of the men's 2025 UCI World Tour. The race began on 4 August in Wrocław and was finished on 10 August in Wieliczka. Brandon McNulty won the time trial on the last day of the race to move into first and win the yellow jersey.

Karpacz
Karpacz (Polish: [ˈkarpat͡ʂ] ⓘ, German: Krummhübel) is a spa town and ski resort in Jelenia Góra County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-western Poland, and one of the most important centres for mountain hiking and skiing, including ski jumping. Its population is about 4,500. Karpacz is situated in the Karkonosze Mountains – a resort with increasing importance for tourism as an alternative to the Alps.

Karpacz is located at 480 to 885 metres (1,575–2,904 ft) above sea level. South of Karpacz on the border to the Czech Republic there is Mount Sněžka-Śnieżka (1,602 m (5,256 ft)). Since 2020, the town has been hosting the annual international Economic Forum.
Shergarh Wildlife Sanctuary
Shergarh Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area in the Baran district of Rajasthan, India. Notified in 1983 under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, it covers an area of 81.67 km² along the Parban River on the Vindhyan plateau, approximately 65 km from Baran town.

Parban River
Parban River originates in Madhya Pradesh and flows through Rajasthan. It is a tributary of the Kali Sindh. Parban/Parvan originates in Sehore district of Madhya Pradesh and flows through Sehore, Shajapur and Rajgarh districts in Madhya Pradesh. It also flows through Jhalawar, Kota, Baran districts of Rajasthan. Before it joins the Kali Sindh it cuts a 10 km long valley of significant depth right across Ratibar Dungar near Akawad Kalan in Jhalawar district.  It meets Kali Sindh in Baran district of Rajasthan. Shergarh wildlife Sanctuary is situated at the bank of Parban river in Baran district.

Since 2017, the Parban Dam Project is being developed on Parban river. Parts of Baran district and Jhalawar district will be affected by the dam.
McVicker
McVicker is a surname of Scottish origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Dana McVicker (born 1963), American country singer

Daphne Alloway McVicker (1895–1979), American writer

J. McVicker Hunt (1906–1991), American educational psychologist and author

John McVicker (1868–c. 1940), Irish footballer

Mitch McVicker, American Christian music singer-songwriter

Norman McVicker (1940–2008), English cricketer

Roy H. McVicker (1924–1973), American politician

J. McVicker Hunt
Joseph McVicker Hunt (March 19, 1906 – January 9, 1991) was a prominent American educational psychologist and author. He promoted and researched concepts related to the malleable nature of child intelligence (also promulgated by Benjamin Bloom). That work eventually led to the theory of learning centered on the concept of the information processing system.
208th Motorized Division (Soviet Union)
The 208th Motorized Division was a Soviet infantry division in the Red Army during World War II. It began Operation Barbarossa as the 208th Mechanized Division under Colonel V.I. Nichiporovich, with the	128th Tank Regiment and 752nd and 760th Motorized Rifle Regiments. The Division was part of the 13th Mechanized Corps, 10th Army, Soviet Western Front. Unusually, Colonel Nichiporovich managed to keep a large group of men together after the destruction of his division during the border battles, and kept on the fight as 'Detachment No.208,' one of the first units of the Soviet partisans in Belarus.

13th Mechanized Corps (Soviet Union)
The 13th Mechanized Corps (Military Unit Number 9825) was a mechanized corps of the Red Army, formed in March 1941. Stationed in the Białystok salient, the corps was destroyed during the Battle of Białystok–Minsk.
Herminio Menéndez
Herminio Menéndez Rodríguez (born 20 December 1953) is a Spanish sprint canoer who competed from the early 1970s to the mid-1980s. Competing in four Summer Olympics, he won three medals with two silvers (1976: K-4 1000 m, 1980: K-2 500 m) and one bronze (1980: K-2 1000 m).

Menéndez also won eight medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (K-4 1000 m: 1975), a silver (K-4 500 m: 1978), and six bronzes (K-1 4 x 500 m: 1975. K-2 1000 m: 1982, K-2 10000 m: 1979, K-4 500 m: 1977, K-4 1000 m: 1977, 1978).

1975 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1975 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Belgrade, Yugoslavia for the second time, having hosted them in 1971. This also equaled the most times a city had done so with Copenhagen, Denmark (1950, 1970).

The men's competition consisted of six Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.

This was the twelfth championships in canoe sprint. It marked the first time in the championships' history in which there was tie for a medal and that happened to be for the gold in the men's K-1 1000 m event between Italy's Oreste Perri and Poland's Grzegorz Śledziewski. The second would occur thirty-five years later in the C-1 200 m (debuted 1994) for the bronze between Canada's Richard Dalton and Ukraine's Yuriy Cheban, neither of who were born in 1975.
Solarroller
Solarroller is a BEAM dragster photovore robot run by solar panel that utilizes sunlight. In competitions between solarrollers, each one must run one meter in the shortest time possible. Components include pager motors,
capacitors, resistors, transistors, and solar panels.

There are several different kinds of configurations of solarrollers, with bigger or smaller wheels, one or two motors. Configurations differences include:

motor (number and output),

wheels (number and size), and

frame designs

This robot type always moves forwards. The motor drives one or more wheels. A "Solar Engine" circuit is used to feed the robot.
Solarroller's speed is directly related to the amount of light robot registers on its optical sensor. Most are driven by an electronic "relaxation oscillator", in which a charge is accumulated in a capacitor while at rest and then suddenly released in the drive mechanism.

Drag racing
Drag racing is a type of motor racing in which automobiles or motorcycles compete, usually two at a time, to be first to cross a set finish line. The race follows a short, straight course from a standing start over a measured distance, most commonly 1⁄4 mi (1,320 ft; 402 m), with a shorter, 1,000 ft (0.19 mi; 304.80 m) distance becoming increasingly popular, as it has become the standard for Top Fuel dragsters and Funny Cars, where some major bracket races and other sanctioning bodies have adopted it as the standard. The 1⁄8 mi (660 ft; 201 m) is also popular in some circles. Electronic timing and speed sensing systems have been used to record race results since the 1960s.

The history of automobiles and motorcycles being used for drag racing is nearly as long as the history of motorized vehicles themselves, and has taken the form of both illegal street racing and as a regulated motorsport.
85 to Africa
85 to Africa is the second studio album by Nigerian-American recording artist Jidenna. It was released on August 23, 2019 through Wondaland and Epic Records. It follows the release of both his debut effort The Chief and the EP Boomerang (both released in 2017). The album features guest appearances from GoldLink, St. Beauty, Mr Eazi, Mereba and Seun Kuti. Reviews for the record were positive, often praising the production and lyrical content. 85 to Africa charted at number 112 on the Billboard 200. The accompanying singles "Tribe", "Sufi Woman", "Zodi", and "Sou Sou" were released.

St. Beauty
St. Beauty was an American musical duo consisting of singers Alexe Belle and Isis Valentino. The duo was affiliated with a larger artistic collective called Wondaland Art Society, a group of musicians that also includes Janelle Monáe, Jidenna, Roman GianArthur, and Deep Cotton. Both the duo and the collective are based in Atlanta, Georgia.
Sternocostal triangle
The sternocostal triangle (foramina of Morgagni, Larrey's space, sternocostal hiatus, etc.) are small zones lying between the costal and sternal attachments of the thoracic diaphragm. No vascular elements are present within this space. The borders of this space are:

Medial: the lateral border of the sternal part of the diaphragm

Lateral: the medial border of the costal part of the diaphragm

Anterior: the musculoaponeurotic plane formed by a confluence of the transversus thoracis superiorly and the transversus abdominis inferiorly

The superficial epigastric artery passes in front of the aponeurotic plane that forms the anterior border and enters the abdomen anterior to the diaphragm.

Transversus thoracis muscle
The transversus thoracis muscle (/trænzˈvɜːrsəs θəˈreɪsɪs/), also known as triangularis sterni,  lies internal to the thoracic cage, anteriorly.  It is usually a thin plane of muscular and tendinous fibers, however on athletic individuals it can be a thick 'slab of meat', situated upon the inner surface of the front wall of the chest. It is in the same layer as the subcostal muscles and the innermost intercostal muscles.
Demographics of Belarus
The demographics of Belarus is about the demographic features of the population of Belarus, including population growth, population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population.

Religion in Belarus
Christianity is the main religion in Belarus, with Eastern Orthodoxy being the largest denomination. The legacy of the state atheism of the Soviet era is apparent in the fact that a proportion of Belarusians (especially in the east part of the country) are not religious. Moreover, other non-traditional and new religions have sprung up in the country after the end of the Soviet Union.

According to the estimations for 2011 by the Ministry of the Interior, 73.3% of the Belarusians are Orthodox Christians, 14.8% are irreligious (atheists and agnostics), 9.7% are Catholics (either Latin Catholic and Belarusian Greek Catholic), and 2.20% are members of other religions (mostly Pentecostals).
Denton Island
Denton Island is a major road junction near Denton in Greater Manchester.

It is a grade-separated roundabout which is both Junction 24 of the M60 motorway and the western terminus (Junction 1) of the M67 motorway. The A57 road also runs west from the junction into Manchester city centre, and east as slip roads to/from the M67 arm into Denton and towards Hyde.

Denton railway station is located underneath the M67 arm of the junction.

A57 road
The A57 is a major road in England.  It runs east from Liverpool to Lincoln via Warrington, Salford and Manchester, and then through the Pennines over the Snake Pass (between the high moorlands of Bleaklow and Kinder Scout), around the Ladybower Reservoir, through Sheffield and past Worksop. Between Liverpool and Glossop, the road has largely been superseded by the M62, M602 and M67 motorways. Within Manchester a short stretch becomes the Mancunian Way, designated A57(M).
Cuba at the 2015 Pan American Games
Cuba competed at the 2015 Pan American Games in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, from July 10 to 26, 2015.

Greco-Roman wrestler Mijaín López was the flagbearer of the team during the opening ceremony. For first time since 1971, Cuba finished outside the top 2 places, struggling to the 4th position. This Cuba's participation made a breakpoint in Cuban sports, starting a period of decline in the successive games.

Mijaín López
Mijaín López Núñez (born 20 August 1982) is a Cuban retired Greco-Roman wrestler. Widely considered one of the greatest wrestlers of all time, López is a five-time Olympic gold medalist, five-time World Champion, for a total of 10 world gold medals (second highest, behind Aleksandr Karelin's twelve), and a five-time Pan American Games champion. He is the younger brother of Michel López Núñez, a Cuban amateur boxer. López was Cuba's flag bearer at the opening ceremony of the 2008, 2012, 2016 and 2020 Summer Olympics, and one of the country's flag bearers at the closing ceremony of the 2024 Summer Olympics.

Upon winning the gold medal in the Greco-Roman 130 kg event at the 2024 Paris Olympics, López became the first and only athlete in modern Olympics history to win five consecutive gold medals in the same individual event.
Nanpie
Nanmi or Nanpie (Chinese: 喃撇; pinyin: nan piě; Tai Nüa: ᥢᥣᥢᥙᥥ) is a traditional Dai sauce-like side dish made with various fresh ingredients, herbs and spices.

Nan piě is made by pestling various ingredients to form a pungent paste which is accompanied with other dishes such as rice. It can be also used as a dip. Common variations  of nanmi are tamarillo nanpie, goby nanpie and black nightshade nanpie. Popular herbs and spices used in nanpie are, coriander, chili peppers, sawtooth coriander, garlic, ginger and basil. Nanpie is a key dish  during traditional Dai banquets and it is said that the more nanpie are on the table the more delicious and important the meal is.

Nanpie was featured on the Netflix food documentary series, Flavorful Origins in the second episode or the second season which highlighted Yunnanese culinary traditions.

Basil
Basil (Ocimum basilicum), also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family Lamiaceae (mints). It is a tender plant, and is used in cuisines worldwide. In Western cuisine, the generic term "basil" refers to the variety also known as Genovese basil or sweet basil. Basil is native to tropical regions from Central Africa to Southeast Asia. In temperate climates basil is treated as an annual plant, but it can be grown as a short-lived perennial or biennial in warmer horticultural zones with tropical or Mediterranean climates.

There are many varieties of basil including sweet basil, Thai basil (O. basilicum var. thyrsiflora), and Mrs. Burns' Lemon (O. basilicum var. citriodora). O. basilicum can cross-pollinate with other species of the Ocimum genus, producing hybrids such as lemon basil (O. × africanum) and African blue basil (O. × kilimandscharicum).
Lakhandei River
The Lakhandei River is a river in southern Nepal and in the state of Bihar in India.  It is a main tributary of the Bagmati River.

In Nepal, the river basin lies in the Sarlahi District, and the river originates in the Sivalik Hills.  The river enters India in the Sitamarhi district of Bihar, and flows through the town of Sitamarhi. It floods heavily in Sitamarhi. It then enters the Muzaffarpur district, and joins the Bagmati at Katra (within the Muzaffarpur district). Before joining the Bagmati, the Lakhandei splits into two parts, one joins the Bagmati and the other remains open and is known as Kali Khadai near Khangura village.

The Lankhandei is known for flooding.

Sitamarhi
Sitamarhi is the headquarters of the Sitamarhi district in Tirhut Division, Bihar. The city was named in honour of Sītā, wife of Rāma,  who was born in Sitamarhi according to Hindu legends.

In 1875, a subdivision for Sitamarhi was created within the Muzaffarpur district. Sitamarhi was detached from Muzaffarpur and made a separate district on December 11, 1972. The district headquarters is located in Dumra, five kilometres (3 mi) south of Sitamarhi's main temple.
Sheldon Holder
Sheldon Holder (born 30 September 1991) is a Guyanese footballer who plays for the Morvant Caledonia United of Trinidad & Tobago, and the Guyanese national team. He scored his first hat-trick, internationally during the CONCACAF Nations League qualifying rounds where he scored three goals in the 0-8 match against the Turks and Caicos Islands.

CONCACAF Nations League
The CONCACAF Nations League (Spanish: Liga de Naciones de la CONCACAF, French: Ligue des Nations de la CONCACAF) is an association football competition organized by CONCACAF as its secondary continental tournament for men's senior national teams from North America, Central America and the Caribbean. The tournament takes place on dates allocated for international friendlies on the FIFA International Match Calendar. A one-time qualifying tournament took place from September 2018 to March 2019, with its inaugural edition in 2019.
Decerebellate
Decerebellate rigidity is caused by a lesion in the cerebellum. The function of the cerebellum is to coordinate muscular activity. Animals with decerebellate rigidity show opisthotonus with thoracic limb extension, flexion of the pelvic limbs rigidly extended. Mentation of decerebellate animals is generally adequate.

Lesion
A lesion is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by injury or diseases. The term lesion is derived from the Latin laesio, meaning "injury". Lesions may occur in plants and animals.
Apostolic Delegation to Kosovo
The Apostolic Delegation to Kosovo represents the interests of the Holy See in Kosovo to officials of the Catholic Church, civil society, and government offices. The Holy See and the government of Kosovo have not established diplomatic relations and the position of Apostolic Delegate to Kosovo is not a diplomatic one, though the Delegate is a member of the diplomatic service of the Holy See. The Apostolic Delegate normally holds the title Apostolic Nuncio to Slovenia and resides in Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Kosovo unilaterally declared independence from Serbia on 17 February 2008 after a century of rule by Yugoslavia, the short-lived State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, and Serbia, subject to a period of United Nations administration. The Holy See has not formally recognized the independence of Kosovo.

Kosovo established its own Special Mission to the Holy See in January 2024.

United Nations Administered Kosovo
United Nations Administered Kosovo refers to the period when the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo was directly responsible for the governance of Kosovo between 1999 and 2008. This period began on 10 June 1999 with the adoption of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244 and effectively ended on 17 February 2008 with the unilateral declaration of independence of Kosovo.