hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vitali covering lemma
In mathematics, the Vitali covering lemma is a combinatorial and geometric result commonly used in measure theory of Euclidean spaces. This lemma is an intermediate step, of independent interest, in the proof of the Vitali covering theorem. The covering theorem is credited to the Italian mathematician Giuseppe Vitali. The theorem states that it is possible to cover, up to a Lebesgue-negligible set, a given subset E of Rd by a disjoint family extracted from a Vitali covering of E.

Discrete geometry
Discrete geometry and combinatorial geometry are branches of geometry that study combinatorial properties and constructive methods of discrete geometric objects.  Most questions in discrete geometry involve finite or discrete sets of basic geometric objects, such as points, lines, planes, circles, spheres, polygons, and so forth.  The subject focuses on the combinatorial properties of these objects, such as how they intersect one another, or how they may be arranged to cover a larger object.

Discrete geometry has a large overlap with convex geometry and computational geometry, and is closely related to subjects such as finite geometry, combinatorial optimization, digital geometry, discrete differential geometry, geometric graph theory, toric geometry, and combinatorial topology.
Immortal Admiral Yi Sun-sin
Immortal Admiral Yi Sun-sin (Korean: 불멸의 이순신; RR: Bulmyeorui I Sunsin) is a South Korean television series based on the life of Yi Sun-sin, a Korean admiral famed for his victories against the Japanese navy during the Imjin war in the Joseon period.

The series, starring Kim Myung-min in the title role, aired on KBS1 on Saturdays and Sundays at 21:45 from September 4, 2004 to August 28, 2005 for 104 episodes.

The series filmed on location at the actual battle sites. It made extensive use of rendered images and a reconstruction of a turtle ship. Due to the preparation needed, the show took many months to produce.

KBS1
KBS 1TV (Korean: KBS 제1텔레비전) is a South Korean free-to-air television channel that launched on 31 December 1961 and is owned by Korean Broadcasting System. The channel offers more serious programming than its sister channel KBS2, and airs with no commercials.
Ozren Bonačić
Ozren Bonačić (born 5 January 1942) is a former Croatian water polo player and Olympic medalist with the Yugoslavia men's national water polo team.

During his club career he played for HAVK Mladost, with which he won four European championship titles. Since 1978 he has been a water polo coach, and he also coached Mladost for many seasons, winning the European championship in 1996. He was most recently the coach of Mladost in the 2008/09 season.

HAVK Mladost
Hrvatski akademski vaterpolo klub Mladost (English: Croatian Academic Water Polo Club Mladost) or simply HAVK Mladost is a professional water polo club based in Zagreb, Croatia. The club was formed in 1946 and it is part of the Mladost sports society. As of the 2025–26 season, it competes in the Croatian League and Champions League.
Alabam, Arkansas
Alabam is an unincorporated community in Madison County, Arkansas, United States. The community is located on Arkansas Highway 127, approximately six miles northeast of Huntsville. The community of Old Alabam is about one mile south at the intersection of Highway 127 and U.S. Route 412. Alabam is on a broad ridge between War Eagle Creek to the southwest and the Kings River to the northeast.

Kings River (Arkansas)
The Kings River is a tributary of the White River. It rises in the Boston Mountains of Arkansas and flows northward for more than 90 miles into Table Rock Lake in Missouri. The Arkansas portion of the river is undammed and bordered by rural and forested land, the river is popular for paddling and sport fishing.
Ryhall
Ryhall is a village and civil parish in the county of Rutland in the East Midlands of England. It is situated close to the eastern boundary of the county, about 2 miles (3 km) north of Stamford. The parish includes the hamlet of Belmesthorpe.

East Midlands
The East Midlands is one of nine official regions of England. It comprises the eastern half of the area traditionally known as the Midlands. It consists of Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire (except for North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire), Northamptonshire, Nottinghamshire, and Rutland. The region has a land area of 15,623 km2 (6,032 sq mi), with an estimated population 5,063,164 in 2024. With a sufficiency-level world city ranking, Nottingham is the only settlement in the region to be classified by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.

The main cities in the region are Derby, Leicester, Lincoln and Nottingham. The largest towns in these counties are Boston, Chesterfield, Coalville, Corby, Glossop, Grantham, Kettering, Loughborough, Newark-on-Trent, Northampton, Mansfield, Oakham, Swadlincote and Wellingborough.
Serenade to a Soul Sister
Serenade to a Soul Sister is an album by jazz pianist Horace Silver, released on the Blue Note label in 1968 and featuring performances by Silver with Charles Tolliver, Stanley Turrentine, Bennie Maupin, Bob Cranshaw, John Williams, Mickey Roker and Billy Cobham.

The album was re-mastered, for the CD release in the 24-bit series, by Rudy Van Gelder, in 2004.

Francis Wolff
Francis Wolff (April 5, 1907 – March 8, 1971) was a record company executive, photographer and record producer. Wolff's skills, as an executive and a photographer, were important contributions to the success of the Blue Note record label.
Ceutholopha isidis
Ceutholopha isidis is a species of snout moth in the genus Ceutholopha. It was described by Zeller in 1867, and is known from Algeria, Cyprus, Egypt, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, Congo, Indonesia, Iran, Italy (Lampedusa), Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Nigeria, Réunion, South Africa, Sudan and the United Arab Emirates. One specimen was caught on 18 August 2012, at Dymchurch, England by J. E. Owen. The moth is either an adventive, or a possible immigrant because it arrived during a period of immigration.

The larvae feed on Acacia farnesiana, Acacia tortilis, Rhus oxyacantha and Acacia nilotica.

Dymchurch
Dymchurch listenⓘ is a village and civil parish in the Folkestone and Hythe district of Kent, England. The village is located on the coast five miles (8 km) south-west of Hythe, and on the Romney Marsh.
Vanjie: 24 Hours of Love
Vanjie: 24 Hours of Love is an American reality competition television series premiered on WOW Presents Plus. It is the streaming service's first unscripted reality original programming. The series sees Vanessa Vanjie Mateo selecting a suitor from 18 bachelors within 24 hours, at the Vansion. Guest appearances have been made by Derrick Barry, Gottmik, and Violet Chachki.

Vanessa Vanjie Mateo
Vanessa Vanjie Mateo, sometimes known as Vanessa Vanjie, Miss Vanjie, or simply Vanjie, is the stage name of José Luis Cancel, an American drag performer known for competing on the tenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race and placing fifth on the eleventh season of the show. In addition to competing on Drag Race, she has also appeared in many of its spin-offs, including RuPaul's Secret Celebrity Drag Race, RuPaul's Drag Race: Vegas Revue, Canada's Drag Race, and RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars, the latter of which she appeared as a contestant for its ninth season, where she placed runner-up along with season five and All Stars 2 contestant Roxxxy Andrews.
Grand-Gosier
Grand-Gosier (French pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃ ɡozje]; Haitian Creole: Gran Gozye) is a commune in the Belle-Anse Arrondissement, in the Sud-Est department of Haiti.
It has 17,059 inhabitants.

It is the birthplace of celebrated Haitian poet and Haitian Creole language advocate Félix Morisseau-Leroy.

Departments of Haiti
In the administrative divisions of Haiti, the department (French: département d'Haïti, pronounced [depaʁtəmɑ̃ d‿aiti]; Haitian Creole: depatman Ayiti) is the first of four levels of government. Haiti is divided administratively into ten departments, which are further subdivided into 42 arrondissements, 145 communes, and 571 communal sections.

In 2014, there was a proposal by the Chamber of Deputies to increase the number of departments from 10 to 14 —perhaps as high as 16.
Euphorbia marginata
Euphorbia marginata (commonly known as snow-on-the-mountain,  smoke-on-the-prairie, variegated spurge, or whitemargined spurge) is a small annual in the spurge family.

It is native to parts of temperate North America, from Eastern Canada to the Southwestern United States. It is naturalized throughout much of China.

The type specimen was collected in Rosebud County, Montana from the area of the Yellowstone River by William Clark during the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

William Clark
William Clark (August 1, 1770 – September 1, 1838) was an American explorer, soldier, Indian agent, and territorial governor. A native of Virginia, he grew up in pre-statehood Kentucky before later settling in what became the state of Missouri.

Along with Meriwether Lewis, Clark led the Lewis and Clark Expedition of 1804–1806 across the Louisiana Purchase to the Pacific Ocean, the first major effort to explore and map much of what is now the Western United States and to assert American claims to the Pacific Northwest. Before the expedition, he served in a militia and the United States Army. Afterward, he served in a militia and as governor of the Missouri Territory. From 1822 until his death in 1838, he served as a U.S. Superintendent of Indian Affairs in St. Louis.
Jules Roulleau
Jules Pierre Roulleau (1855, Libourne – 1895, Paris) was a French sculptor. He produced a monumental sculpture of Joan of Arc at Chinon. His other sculptures include Lazare Carnot at Nolay, Théodore de Banville in the Jardin du Luxembourg in Paris and Nicolas Appert (1893) at the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Châlons-en-Champagne.

Châlons-en-Champagne
Châlons-en-Champagne (French pronunciation: [ʃɑlɔ̃ ɑ̃ ʃɑ̃paɲ]) is a city in the Grand Est region of France. It is the capital of the department of Marne, despite being only a quarter the size of the city of Reims.

Formerly called Châlons-sur-Marne, the city was officially renamed in 1995. It should not be confused with the Burgundian town of Chalon-sur-Saône.
But What About the Noise ...
But What About the Noise of Crumpling Paper Which He Used to Do in Order to Paint the Series of "Papiers Froissés" Or Tearing Up Paper to Make "Papiers Déchirés?" Arp Was Stimulated by Water (Sea, Lake, and Flowing Waters Like Rivers), Forests, sometimes shortened as But What About the Noise ..., is a composition for percussion ensemble by American composer John Cage. It was finished in 1985.

Percussion ensemble
A percussion ensemble is a musical ensemble consisting of only percussion instruments. Although the term can be used to describe any such group, it commonly refers to groups of classically trained percussionists performing primarily classical music. In America, percussion ensembles are most commonly found at conservatories, though some professional groups, such as Nexus and So Percussion exist. Drumlines and groups who regularly meet for drum circles are two other forms of the percussion ensemble.
3 Idiots (soundtrack)
3 Idiots is the soundtrack to the 2009 Indian Hindi-language film of the same name written and directed by Rajkumar Hirani and co-written by Abhijat Joshi. The soundtrack featured five original songs and two remixes composed and produced by Shantanu Moitra and lyrics written by Swanand Kirkire.

The soundtrack album was released by T-Series on 27 November 2009, to positive reviews from critics praising Moitra's composition and it was one of the "highest-selling Bollywood soundtrack of 2009". The album received two National Film Awards, six International Indian Film Academy Awards, five Global Indian Music Academy Awards and one nomination at the Filmfare Awards. The track "Aal Izz Well" was one of the "Top 10 Bollywood songs of the year" and became a sensation among the younger generation in that period. It was later re-released by Zee Music Company in 2021.

National Film Awards
The National Film Awards are awards for artistic and technical merit given for excellence within the Indian film industry. Established in 1954, it has been administered, along with the International Film Festival of India and the Indian Panorama, by the Indian government's Directorate of Film Festivals from 1973 until 2020, and by the NFDC since 2021.

Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entry, and the award ceremony is held in New Delhi, where the President of India presents the awards. This is followed by the inauguration of the National Film Festival, where award-winning films are screened for the public. Declared for films produced in the previous year across the country, they hold the distinction of awarding merit to the best of Indian cinema overall, as well as presenting awards for the best films in each region and language of the country.
Coma (South Korean miniseries)
Coma (Korean: 코마) is a five-part series co-produced by two South Korean firms, SIO Film and OCN.  It is a horror-mystery film set in a hospital that is being shut down due to its dubious practices.

It was shown at the 7th Jeonju International Film Festival in 2006.

OCN (TV channel)
OCN (originally an initialism of the Orion Cinema Network) is a movie channel on basic cable throughout South Korea, owned by CJ ENM E&M Division. In the 2000s, it became the most viewed station in South Korea, which prompted them to create their widely recognized English-language slogan, "Korea number-one channel." With cable TV penetration quite high in South Korea, OCN is a popular movie resource.

OCN's lineup is a mixture of movies from several years ago or earlier, particularly during the daytime, with more recent films during evening prime-time hours. They do not air movies that are as recent as those of sister station CatchOn, a pay service offered on cable TV. They also air episodes of popular overseas television series, mostly from the United States.
Kyle Building
The Kyle Building (also known as Kyle Block) was built in 1933 in downtown Beaumont, Texas. It was designed as a retail storefront, with two-story offices at each end of the building. It is located at 215 Orleans St.  The building contains 11 stores, and it is an excellent example of Zig-Zag Art Deco architecture. A contributing property to the Beaumont Historic District, it is located at the site of the former Kyle Opera house, which was demolished in 1931.

Storefront
A storefront or shopfront is the facade or entryway of a retail store located on the ground floor or street level of a commercial building, typically including one or more display windows. A storefront functions to attract visual attention to a business and its merchandise.
Luusika
Luusika is a village in Vinni Parish, Lääne-Viru County, in northeastern Estonia. Between 1992 and 2017 (until the administrative reform of Estonian municipalities) the village was located in Laekvere Parish.

Lääne-Viru County
Lääne-Viru County (Estonian: Lääne-Viru maakond or Lääne-Virumaa) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It is in northern Estonia, on the south coast of the Gulf of Finland. In Estonian, lääne means 'western' and ida means 'east' or 'eastern'. Lääne-Viru borders Ida-Viru County to the east, Jõgeva County to the south, and Järva and Harju counties to the west. In January 2013, Lääne-Viru County had a population of 58,806, or 4.5% of the population of Estonia.
En el séptimo día
En el séptimo día (English: On the Seventh Day) is a 2017 American Spanish-language independent drama film directed by Jim McKay. Set over the course of seven days, the film depicts a group of undocumented Mexican immigrants living in Sunset Park, Brooklyn, who form a soccer team.

The film premiered at BAMcinemaFest in Brooklyn in June 2017, and screened in the International Competition section at the Locarno Festival in August 2017. In February 2019, it won the John Cassavetes Award at the 34th Independent Spirit Awards.

Independent Spirit John Cassavetes Award
The Independent Spirit John Cassavetes Award is presented to the creative team of a film budgeted at less than $1,000,000 by the Film Independent, a non-profit organization dedicated to independent film and independent filmmakers. It is named after actor/screenwriter/director John Cassavetes, a pioneer of American independent film. The award is given to the directors, writers and producers of a film.
Alberto Bayo
Alberto Bayo y Giroud (27 March 1892 – 4 August 1967) was a Cuban military commander of the Republican faction during the Spanish Civil War. His most significant action during the war was the attempted invasion of the Nationalist-held islands of Ibiza and Mallorca at the Battle of Majorca. He was also a poet and essayist.

Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)
The Republican faction (Spanish: Bando republicano), also known as the Loyalist faction (Bando leal) or the Government faction (Bando gubernamental), was the side in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939 that supported the government of the Second Spanish Republic against the Nationalist faction of the military rebellion. The name Republicans (republicanos) was mainly used by its members and supporters, while its opponents used the term Rojos (Reds) to refer to this faction due to its left-leaning ideology, including communist and anarchist groups, and the support it received from the Soviet Union.
At the beginning of the war, the Republicans outnumbered the Nationalists by ten-to-one, but by January 1937 that advantage had dropped to four-to-one.
Loyalty (film)
Loyalty is the seventh film of the British TV film series Hornblower, based on the books by C. S. Forester, particularly Hornblower and the Hotspur. It was released on 5 January 2003, nearly four years after the first four films and nine months after the next two films.

The series received four nominations for the 2004 56th Primetime Emmy Awards: Outstanding Miniseries, Outstanding Art Direction for a Miniseries or Movie, Outstanding Costumes for a Miniseries, Movie or a Special and Outstanding Single-Camera Sound Mixing for a Miniseries or Movie, although it is not clear whether they were for Loyalty or Duty (which was broadcast one day after Loyalty) or both.

C. S. Forester
Cecil Louis Troughton Smith (27 August 1899 – 2 April 1966), best known by his pen name C.S. Forester, was an English novelist known for writing tales of naval warfare, such as the 12-book Horatio Hornblower series depicting a Royal Navy officer during the Napoleonic Wars.

The Hornblower novels A Ship of the Line and Flying Colours were jointly awarded the 1938 James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction. Other works include The African Queen and The Good Shepherd, both of which were later adapted as movies.

During World War II, he moved to the United States where he worked for the British Ministry of Information, writing propaganda for the Allied cause. He eventually settled in Fullerton, California, where he died in 1966 of complications arising from a stroke.
Paul Holle
Paul Holle (1807-1862) was a mixed-race French soldier and writer, best known for his staunch defense of Fort-Médine against the besieging Toucouleur army of El Hadj Omar Tall between April and July 1857.

Tukulor Empire
The Tukulor Empire (Arabic: الخلافة التجانية; Fula: Laamateeri Tijaani; French: Empire toucouleur; also known as the Tijaniyya Jihad state or the Segu Tukulor or the Tidjaniya Caliphate or the Umarian State) (1861–1890) was an Islamic state in the mid-nineteenth century founded by Elhadj Oumar Foutiyou Tall of the Toucouleur people of Senegal.
Titti Maartmann
Titti Astri Maartmann (27 September 1920 – 18 September 2018) was a Norwegian luger who competed in the late 1930s. She won a gold medal in the women's singles event at the 1937 European luge championships in Oslo, Norway. Living an active life, she still played golf at age 97.

Her uncles were soccer players Erling Maartmann and Rolf Maartmann. Her great-grandfather was Norwegian politician Knud Geelmuyden Fleischer Maartmann. Her grandfather was Harald Sigvart Maartmann, the first Executive Director of Ringnes.

FIL European Luge Championships 1937
The FIL European Luge Championships 1937 took place in February 1937 at Korketrekkeren in Oslo, Norway under the auspices of the Fédération Internationale de Bobsleigh et de Tobogganing (FIBT - International Bobsleigh and Tobogganing Federation in (in French)) under their "Section de Luge", a trend that would continue until the International Luge Federation (FIL) was formed in 1957.
Swedish Division 1
Swedish Division 1 can refer to:

Division 1 (Swedish football), third level in the Swedish football league system

Swedish Women's Football Division 1, third level in the league system of Swedish women's football

Hockeyettan, formerly known as Division 1, third tier of ice hockey in Sweden

Ettan Fotboll
Ettan Fotboll, or simply Ettan (English: the first [division]), which also is its common name in everyday speech, is the third level in the Swedish football league system and consists of 32 Swedish football teams. It was formerly simply known as Division 1. Division 1 was the second tier from 1987 to 1999, but was replaced by Superettan in 2000. It was reestablished for the 2006 season as the third tier below Superettan.
Makkah Masjid
Makkah Masjid is the name of various Muslim places of worship.
Makkah means the holy city of Mecca and Masjid means a place of worship, otherwise known as a Mosque.
Institutions with this name include:

Makkah Masjid, Chennai

Makkah Masjid, Bijapur

Makkah Masjid, Hyderabad

Mecca Masjid, Bijapur
The Mecca Masjid, also known as Makka Masjid, is a mosque located in the Vijayapura district of Bijapur, in the state of Karnataka, India. Believed to be completed in c. 1669, the mosque was built for women of the royal household.

The mosque structure is a Monument of National Importance.
La Salustia
La Salustia is a 1732 opera (dramma per musica) in three acts by Giovanni Battista Pergolesi to a revised text, possibly by Sebastiano Morelli, after Apostolo Zeno's famous 1716 libretto Alessandro Severo, which was also later adapted by Handel. The production was marred when the leading man Nicolo Grimaldi "Nicolini" fell fatally ill before the performance and an inexperienced substitute Gioacchino Conti "Gizziello" had to be called in at the last minute. La Salustia was Pergolesi's first opera seria. The story is based on the life of the Roman emperor Alexander Severus and his wife Sallustia Orbiana.

Apostolo Zeno
Apostolo Zeno (11 December 1668 – 11 November 1750) was a Venetian poet, dramatist and scholar, known for his contributions to the development of opera seria and his role in the early eighteenth-century Italian literary scene.
Directorate-General for Interpretation
The Directorate-General for Interpretation (also known as DG Interpretation and SCIC for its former French name Service Commun Interprétation-Conférences) is a Directorate-General of the European Commission. 
It is the European Commission's interpreting service and conference organiser and provides interpreters for around 11,000 meetings every year, thus being the largest interpreting service in the world.

DG Interpretation manages the allocation of Commission meeting rooms and provides support for the smooth running of meetings in many languages that are held there. It also organises conferences for Directorates-General and departments of the Commission, typically in the range of over 40 main events per year.

In 2016, Florika Fink-Hooijer became the Director-General of DG Interpretation. In 2020, Genoveva Ruiz Calavera took over the role after Fink-Hooijer stepped down.

European Civil Service
The European Civil Service is a generic term applied to all staff serving the institutions and agencies of the European Union (EU). Although recruitment is sometimes done jointly, each institution is responsible for its own internal structures and hierarchies.