hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ward brothers (carvers)
The Ward Brothers, Lemuel T. Ward (1897–1984) and Steven W. Ward (1895–1976), were two brothers from Crisfield, Maryland, who became famous for their wooden wildfowl carvings, commonly called decoys. Their decoys are highly prized by collectors. Few examples of their work survive on the open market, as private collectors and museums now own most of their original works. In November 2006, a Ward Brothers goldeneye drake decoy sold for US$109,250 at an Easton, Maryland waterfowl festival auction. They adopted the moniker 'Wildfowl Counterfeiters in Wood' as the motto for their carving operation. Another rare Ward Brothers bird, a Broadbill Drake made in 1936, was sold for $51,750 at a January 2013 auction on Park Avenue in New York City.

Originally barbers by trade, they began carving small decoys from cedar blocks in their barber shop during slow times and to help make extra money during the winter months.

Easton, Maryland
Easton is an incorporated town in and the county seat of Talbot County, Maryland, United States. The population was 17,101 at the 2020 census, with an estimated population of 17,342 in 2022. The primary ZIP Code is 21601, and the secondary is 21606. The primary phone exchange is 822, the auxiliary exchanges are 690, 819, 820, 763, and 770, and the area code is 410.
C. R. Joy House
The C. R. Joy House, also known as The Grande Anne Bed & Breakfast, was a historic building located in Keokuk, Iowa, United States. It was destroyed by fire in July 2018. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. In 2002 it was included as a contributing property in The Park Place-Grand Avenue Residential District.

Keokuk, Iowa
Keokuk /ˈkiːəkʌk/ is a city in and a county seat of Lee County, Iowa, United States. It is Iowa's southernmost city. The population was 9,900 at the time of the 2020 census. The city is named after the Sauk chief Keokuk. It is in the extreme southeast corner of Iowa, where the Des Moines River meets the Mississippi. Keokuk is also the home of Keokuk National Cemetery.

It is at the junction of U.S. Routes 61, 136 and 218. Just across the rivers are the towns of Hamilton and Warsaw, Illinois, and Alexandria, Missouri. Keokuk, along with the city of Fort Madison, is a principal city of the Fort Madison-Keokuk micropolitan area, which includes all of Lee County, Iowa, Hancock County, Illinois and Clark County, Missouri.
Name collision
In computer programming, a name collision is the nomenclature problem that occurs when the same variable name is used for different things in two separate areas that are joined, merged, or otherwise go from occupying separate namespaces to sharing one. As with the collision of other identifiers, it must be resolved in some way for the new software (such as a mashup) to work right.
Problems of name collision, and methods to avoid them, are a common issue in an introductory level analysis of computer languages, such as for C++.

Hash collision
In computer science, a hash collision or hash clash  is when two distinct pieces of data in a hash table share the same hash value. The hash value in this case is derived from a hash function which takes a data input and returns a fixed length of bits.

Although hash algorithms, especially cryptographic hash algorithms, have been created with the intent of being collision resistant, they can still sometimes map different data to the same hash (by virtue of the pigeonhole principle). Malicious users can take advantage of this to mimic, access, or alter data.

Due to the possible negative applications of hash collisions in data management and computer security (in particular, cryptographic hash functions), collision avoidance has become an important topic in computer security.
Murgoci
Murgoci is a Romanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Agnes Murgoci (1875–1929), English zoologist and folklorist

Gheorghe Munteanu Murgoci (1872–1925), Romanian geologist

Elena Murgoci (1960–1999), Romanian marathon runner

Elena Murgoci
Elena Murgoci-Florea (20 May 1960 – 26 August 1999) was a female long-distance runner from Romania, who specialized in the marathon race.

Murgoci represented her native country at the 1992 Summer Olympics, finishing in 32nd place in the women's marathon race. She is best known for winning the Amsterdam Marathon (1988) and the Rotterdam Marathon (1989). In 1996, she was disqualified for life by Romanian Athletics Federation for doping. She died aged 39 in Bucharest as a result of being stabbed outside her home by a jealous boyfriend.
Charles Haberkorn
Charles Haberkorn (born Karl Haberkorn; 16 November 1880 – 26 November 1966), later Habercorn, was a German-American tug of war competitor and wrestler who participated in both sports in the 1904 Summer Olympics.

In the 1904 Olympics, he won a bronze medal as a member of Southwest Turnverein of Saint Louis No. 2 team, which is officially considered a mixed team.

As a wrestler, he competed in the freestyle lightweight category and was eliminated in the quarterfinals. He was born in Württemberg, Germany and died in St. Louis, Missouri.

Haberkorn was born in the Kingdom of Württemberg and immigrated to St. Louis in 1894 with his family. He became a U.S. citizen in 1911.

He died in November 1966, two days after being severely burned in an accident trying to light his gas oven.

Württemberg
Württemberg (/ˈwɜːrtəmbɜːrɡ, ˈvɜːrt-/ WURT-əm-burg, VURT-; German: [ˈvʏʁtəmbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart.

Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Württemberg now forms the Federal State of Baden-Württemberg. Württemberg was formerly also spelled Würtemberg and Wirtemberg.
Garden Ring
The Garden Ring  (Russian: Садовое кольцо, romanized: Sadovoye koltso), also known as the "B" Ring (Russian: кольцо "Б"), is a circular ring road and avenue around central Moscow, with its course corresponding to what used to be the city ramparts surrounding Zemlyanoy Gorod in the 17th century.

The Ring consists of seventeen individually named streets and fifteen squares. It has a circumference of 16 kilometers (9.9 mi). At its narrowest point, Krymsky Bridge, the Ring has six lanes. After reconstruction is completed, no section of the Ring will have more than ten lanes. In 2018, more than 50% of sections of the Garden Ring had been reconstructed, including Zubovskaya Square, which was the widest section, with about 18 lanes before reconstruction. The Ring emerged in the 1820s, replacing fortifications in the form of ramparts that were no longer of military value.

Avenue (landscape)
In landscaping, an avenue (from French), alameda (from Portuguese and Spanish), or allée (from French) is a straight path or road that runs between dual rows of trees or large shrubs. As its Latin origin venire ('to come') indicates, an avenue is used to emphasize the "coming to" or arrival at a landscape or architectural feature. In most cases, the trees planted in an avenue will be all of the same species or cultivar, so as to give uniform appearance along the full length of the avenue.

The French term allée is used for avenues planted in parks and landscape gardens, as well as boulevards such as the Grande Allée in Quebec City, Canada, and Karl-Marx-Allee in Berlin.
Common lime
Common lime could refer to:

Common lime tree (Tilia × europaea), a tree also known as the common linden

Common lime butterfly (Papilio demoleus), a swallowtail butterfly

Common lime (fruit)
Key lime, a common hybrid lime

Common lime stone

Common lime water

Papilio demoleus
Papilio demoleus is a common and widespread swallowtail butterfly. The butterfly is also known as the  lemon butterfly and chequered swallowtail. These common names refer to their host plants, which are usually citrus species such as the cultivated lime. Unlike most swallowtail butterflies, it does not have a prominent tail. When the adult stage is taken into consideration, the lime swallowtail is the shortest-lived butterfly, with male adults dying after four days and females after a week. The butterfly is native to Asia and Australia, and can be considered an invasive pest in other parts of the world. The butterfly has spread to Hispaniola (in the Dominican Republic and Haiti) and the rest of the Antilles in the Western Hemisphere, and to Mahé, Seychelles.
Ignurbia
Ignurbia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It contains a single species, Ignurbia constanzae, which is endemic to Hispaniola. It is an erect, little-branched, suffrutescent herb which grows from 0.5 to 2 meters tall. It is native to montane humid forest, broad-leaved scrub, and along streams from 1250 to 2400 meters elevation, often growing with Brunellia comocladifolia, Garrya fadyenii, and sometimes Pinus occidentalis.

The species was first described as Senecio constanzae by Ignatz Urban in 1912. In 2006 Bertil Nordenstam placed the species in a new monotypic genus, Ignurbia, which he named in honor of Urban.

Bertil Nordenstam
Rune Bertil Nordenstam (born 1936) is a Swedish botanist and professor emeritus at the Swedish Museum of Natural History in the Department of Phanerogamic Botany. 
He has worked with Colchicaceae, Senecioneae 
and Calenduleae,
was the editor of Compositae Newsletter newsletter since 1990, and is a Tribal Coordinator for The International Compositae Alliance with responsibility for the tribes Calenduleae and Senecioneae.

He has done field work in Greece, Sweden, Turkey, Mongolia, Egypt, Namibia. This botanist is denoted by the author abbreviation B.Nord. when citing a botanical name.

In 2006, botanist Roger Lundin published Nordenstamia, a genus of flowering plants from South America, belonging to the family Asteraceae and named in Nordenstam's honour.
Fred Shepherd
Frederick Lee Shepherd (September 16, 1923 – October 8, 1988), nicknamed "Tubhead", was an American Negro league outfielder in the 1940s.

A native of Columbus, Georgia, Shepherd attended Morris Brown College and played for the Atlanta Black Crackers in 1944. He died in Miami, Florida in 1988 at age 65.

Morris Brown College
Morris Brown College (MBC) is a private Methodist historically black liberal arts college in Atlanta, Georgia. Founded January 5, 1881, Morris Brown is the first educational institution in Georgia to be owned and operated entirely by African Americans.
Władysław Andrzej Serczyk
Władysław Andrzej Serczyk (23 July 1935 – 5 January 2014) was a Polish historian-Ukrainist. Born in Kraków, he after graduating Jagiellonian University stayed in the university and began his scientific career. In 1963, he received his doctorate and in 1968 Serczyk received his habilitation. Since 1976 he was a professor. In 1974-1978, Serczyk was a director of Jagiellonian Library. In 1986–1996, he headed a branch of University of Warsaw in Białystok, Institute of History of Eastern Europe (today University of Białystok).

Jagiellonian Library
The Jagiellonian Library (Polish: Biblioteka Jagiellońska, popular nickname Jagiellonka) is the library of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków and with almost 6.7 million volumes, one of the largest libraries in Poland, serving as a public library, university library and part of the Polish national library system. It has a large collection of medieval manuscripts, for example the autograph of Copernicus' De Revolutionibus and Jan Długosz's Banderia Prutenorum, and a large collection of underground literature (so-called drugi obieg or samizdat) from the period of communist rule in Poland (1945–1989). The Jagiellonian also houses the Berlinka art collection, whose legal status is in dispute with Germany.
544 Oenoke Ridge
544 Oenoke Ridge, also known as Orchard's End Estate, is a 25,000 sq ft (2,300 m2) Tudor Great Estate located in New Canaan, Connecticut. Built in 1929 and designed by New York architect William B. Tubby, it is the largest home in New Caanan and set a record for the highest asking price for a private residence in its city history. Originally built by Taubman for the chief counsel of the Rockefeller family, previous residents include singer Mariah Carey and billionaire Carlos Hank. It is reported to be owned by entrepreneur Daniel Rotman.

Rockefeller family
The Rockefeller family (/ˈrɒkəfɛlər/ ROCK-ə-fell-ər) is an American industrial, political, and banking family that owns one of the world's largest fortunes. The fortune was made in the American petroleum industry during the late 19th and early 20th centuries by brothers John D. Rockefeller and William A. Rockefeller Jr., primarily through Standard Oil (the predecessor of ExxonMobil and Chevron Corporation). The family had a long association with, and control of, Chase Manhattan Bank. By 1987, the Rockefellers were considered one of the most powerful families in American history.

The Rockefellers originated in the Rhineland in Germany and family members moved to the Americas in the early 18th century, while through Eliza Davison, with family roots in Middlesex County, New Jersey, John D. Rockefeller and William A. Rockefeller Jr. and their descendants are also of Scots-Irish ancestry.
Woodlawn railway station
Woodlawn railway station is a railway station situated on the Dublin-Galway line. It is beside a level crossing on the R359 regional road in the village of Woodlawn in County Galway, Ireland.

The station is on the Dublin to Galway Rail service. Passengers to or from Westport  travel to Athlone and change trains. Passengers to or from Limerick and Ennis travel to Athenry and change trains.

Westport railway station (Ireland)
Westport railway station serves the town of Westport, County Mayo, Ireland.

The station is the terminus station on the Dublin to Westport Rail service. Passengers to or from Galway must travel to Athlone and change trains. Passengers to or from Ballina and Foxford must travel to Manulla Junction and change trains.
ARM-657 Mamboretá
The ARM-657 Mamboretá is a rocket pod of Argentine origin, each carrying 6 Áspid 57mm rockets. It is used on the IA 58 Pucará, Embraer 312 Tucano,  IA 63 Pampa, A-4AR Fightinghawk and Hughes 500 helicopters of the Argentine Air Force, it was also expected to be used by the UH-1H Huey II and the CH-14 Aguilucho of the Argentine Army. It is a design by Fabricaciones Militares and CITEDEF, and mass-production as well as further improvement of the system has been planned at the former.

The Áspid rocket has a modular warhead section that can be switched for different types of targets expected in close air support and counterinsurgency missions.

It has two variants: A with intervalometer and B without intervalometer.

Argentine Army
The Argentine Army (Spanish: Ejército Argentino, EA) is the land force branch of the Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic and the senior military service of Argentina. Under the Argentine Constitution, the president of Argentina is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. Command authority is exercised through the Minister of Defense.

The Army's official foundation date is May 29, 1810 (celebrated in Argentina as the Army Day), four days after the Spanish colonial administration in Buenos Aires was overthrown. The new national army was formed out of several pre-existing colonial militia units and locally manned regiments; most notably the Infantry Regiment "Patricios", which to this date is still an active unit.
Flight-to-liquidity
A flight-to-liquidity is a financial market phenomenon occurring when investors sell what they perceive to be less liquid or higher risk investments, and purchase more liquid investments instead, such as US Treasuries. Usually, flight-to-liquidity quickly results in panic leading to a crisis.

For example, after the Russian government defaulted on its government bonds (GKOs) in 1998 many investors sold European and Japanese government bonds and purchased on-the-run US Treasuries instead. 
(The most recently issued treasuries, known as “on-the-run”, have larger trading volumes, that is more liquidity, than treasury issues that have been superseded, known as “off-the run”.)
This widened the spread between off-the-run and on-the-run US Treasuries, which ultimately led to the 1998 collapse of the Long-Term Capital Management hedge fund.

Risk
Risk is the possibility of something bad happening, comprising a level of uncertainty about the effects and implications of an activity, particularly negative and undesirable consequences.

Risk theory, assessment, and management are applied but substantially differ in different practice areas, such as business, economics, environment, finance, information technology, health, insurance, safety, security, and privacy. The international standard for risk management, ISO 31000, provides general guidelines and principles on managing risks faced by organizations.
Church of St Mary and St John, Lamyat
The Anglican Church Of St Mary and St John in Lamyatt, within the English county of Somerset, was built in the 13th century. It is a Grade II* listed building.

From the 12th century until the Dissolution of the Monasteries the advowson of the church was held by Godstow nunnery.

The fabric of the building has been changed and renovated many times, however the two-stage 13th-century tower remains.

The stained glass window depicting St Christopher carrying the Christ child was donated by Christopher Welch in 1907.

The parish is part of the Bruton and District Team Ministry within the Diocese of Bath and Wells.

Advowson
Advowson (/ədˈvaʊzən/) or patronage is the right in English law of a patron (avowee) to present to the diocesan bishop (or in some cases the ordinary if not the same person) a nominee for appointment to a vacant ecclesiastical benefice or church living, a process known as presentation (jus praesentandi, Latin: "the right of presenting").

The word derives, via French, from the Latin advocare, from vocare "to call" plus ad, "to, towards", thus a "summoning". It is the right to nominate a person to be parish priest (subject to episcopal – that is, one bishop's – approval), and each such right in each parish was mainly first held by the lord of the principal manor. Many small parishes only had one manor of the same name.
Fuegian dog
The Fuegian dog, or Yahgan dog, or Patagonian dog (Spanish: perro fueguino, perro yagán, perro patagónico) is an extinct type of canine. The Fuegian dog was bred and domesticated from the South American culpeo, also known as the culpeo fox (Lycalopex culpaeus).

There are very few remaining museum specimens or examples of the Fuegian dog; one is at the Museo Salesiano Maggiorino Borgatello in Chile, and another is at the Fagnano Regional Museum in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina.

Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
The Revista Chilena de Historia Natural is a bilingual open access scientific journal published by the Sociedad de Biología de Chile covering research in many areas of biology. It was established in 1897 by Carlos Porter.
Symington Yard
Symington Yard is the largest rail classification yard of the Canadian National Railway, and one of the largest rail yards in the world. The intermodal facility is located next to the Windsor Park area of Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Built in 1962 to replace Transcona and Fort Rouge, and named for former CNR Director Herbert James Symington (1881–1965), it can store 7,000 cars and handles 3,000 cars per day.

Intermodal freight transport
Intermodal freight transport involves the transportation of freight in an intermodal container or vehicle, using multiple modes of transportation (e.g., rail, ship, aircraft, and truck), without any handling of the freight itself when changing modes. The method reduces cargo handling, and so improves security, reduces damage and loss, and allows freight to be transported faster. Reduced costs over road trucking is the key benefit for inter-continental use. This may be offset by reduced timings for road transport over shorter distances.
Ingles (surname)
Ingles is an Old English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

William Ingles (1729-1782), soldier and judge in Colonial Virginia

Mary Draper Ingles (1732-1815), American pioneer who escaped from captivity by Shawnee Indians

H. Gil Ingles, Angolan record producer

Harry C. Ingles (1888–1976), United States Army general

Henry Ingles (1840–1892), New Zealand politician

J. Lewis Ingles, American football coach

Jodie Ingles, Australian cardiac researcher

Joe Ingles (born 1987), Australian basketball player

Juanmi (footballer, born 1971), Juan Miguel García Inglés, Spanish footballer

Paul Ingles (born 1956), American radio personality

Jodie Ingles
Jodie Ingles is an Australian cardiac researcher and genetic counsellor. She is director of the Genomics of Inherited Disease Program and Head of the Clinical Genomics Lab at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research in Sydney, Australia. Ingles is also a Conjoint Senior Lecturer at the University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health. She works as a genetic counsellor at the Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital.
Heeren (surname)
Heeren is a Dutch and Low German patronymic surname. The now rare given name Heer, Heere or Here is a short form of names containing the Germanic root -her- ("army"), like Herman and Herbert. People with this surname include:

Arnold Hermann Ludwig Heeren (1760–1842), German historian

Cor Heeren (1900–1976), Dutch racing cyclist

Friedrich Heeren (1803–1885), German chemist

Henri Heeren (born 1974), Dutch footballer

Irma Heeren (born 1967), Dutch duathete and triathlete

Paul Heeren (born 1954), Australian guitarist and songwriter

Variants

Achille Vander Heeren (1880–1956), Belgian Catholic biblical scholar

Aimée de Heeren (1903–2006), Brazilian socialite, wife of Rodman Heeren

Scott Heeren (1970 – Today), United States Army Veteran, Retired Officer, Golfer

Trevor Heeren (1995 – Today), United States Army Veteran, Helicopter Mechanic, Businessman

Achille Vander Heeren
Achille Vander Heeren (1880-1956) was a Belgian Catholic biblical scholar. He was Professor of Moral Theology and Librarian at the Great Seminary, Bruges. He wrote several articles for the Catholic Encyclopedia, including those on Scandal (theology), and Suicide.

He also wrote a series of pamphlets circulated among Dutch-speaking Catholics in the 1930s: De Joden: hun bekering (1935), Gelooven (1936), Sint Jans Evangelie (1937).
V.I.P (Sid song)
"V.I.P" is a single by Japanese rock band SID, released on November 21, 2012, by Ki/oon Records. It is opening theme of the anime Magi: The Labyrinth of Magic. The song ranked in second place at the 35th Anime Grand Prix in the best anime song category.

"V.I.P" was featured on Outsider album and Sid 10th Anniversary Best and SID Anime Best 2008-2017 compilations. The group Morfonica covered the song and released on the album Bang Dream! Girls Band Party! Cover Collection Vol. 6 in 2021.

Morfonica
Morfonica is a Japanese all-female rock band that is part of Bushiroad's media franchise BanG Dream!. Formed in 2020, the group's members portray fictional characters in the project's anime series and mobile game BanG Dream! Girls Band Party! in addition to performing their characters' respective instruments in live concerts.

The band consists of Amane Shindō (vocals), Hina Suguta (guitar), Yūka Nishio (bass), Mika (drums), and Ayasa (violin). In the game, Morfonica is represented by five first-year students at the prestigious Tsukinomori Girls' Academy: Mashiro Kurata (Shindō), Tōko Kirigaya (Suguta), Nanami Hiromachi (Nishio), Tsukushi Futaba (Mika), and Rui Yashio (Ayasa).

Of the ten bands in BanG Dream!, Morfonica is one of seven whose members perform their own music during live shows.