hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jeremy James Bruhl
Jeremy James Bruhl (born 1956) is an Australian botanist. He is an emeritus professor in the School of Environmental and Rural Science at the University of New England and director of the N.C.W. Beadle Herbarium which holds c.110,000 plant specimens.

He has written on many species, in particular, on the genera  Phyllanthus, Sauropus  and Walwhalleya,  and also extensively on the family Cyperaceae (see below).

University of New England (Australia)
The University of New England (UNE) is a public university in the New England region of the state of New South Wales, Australia. Founded in 1938, it was the first Australian university to be established outside of a state capital. Its main campus is located in the regional city of Armidale mid-way between Sydney and Brisbane. As of 2023, the university had approximately 22,000 students, of which 82.8% were online and 17.2% on campus.

In the 2019 Student Experience Survey, UNE recorded the sixth-highest student satisfaction rating out of all Australian universities, and the highest student satisfaction rating out of all public universities in New South Wales, with an overall satisfaction rating of 83.2. The university ranks lower in research-based rankings of Australian universities.
Kettler (surname)
Kettler is a surname of Germanic origins, particularly in Germany and Austria. Notable people with the surname include:

Donald Joseph Kettler (born 1944) Catholic Bishop of St Cloud.

Ferdinand Kettler (1655–1737) Duke of Courland

Frederick Casimir Kettler (1650–1698) Duke of Courland

Gotthard Kettler (1517–1587), founder of the Duchy of Courland

Jacob Kettler (1610–1682) Duke of Courland

Robert C. Kettler, Washington D.C. area real estate developer (born 1952)

Wilhelm Kettler (1574–1640) Duke of Courland

Frederick William, Duke of Courland or Friedrich Kettler (1692–1711)

House of Kettler Noble House

Frederick William, Duke of Courland
Frederick William (German: Friedrich Wilhelm; 19 July 1692 – 21 January 1711) was Duke of Courland and Semigallia from 1698 to 1711. Frederick Wilhelm was the son of Friedrich Kasimir Kettler, Duke of Courland and Semigallia and Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Brandenburg. During his reign the duchy was occupied by Swedish and later by Russian troops.
Colombage
Colombage is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jayanath Colombage, Sri Lankan flag officer

Maria Colombage (born 1984), Sri Lankan model

Priyantha Colombage (born 1966), Sri Lankan film director

Sachindu Colombage (born 1998), Sri Lankan cricketer

Jayanath Colombage
Admiral Jayanath Colombage, RSP, VSV, USP, FNI is a Sri Lankan flag officer and diplomat. He was the Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Foreign Secretary) until 2022, prior to which he served as Additional Secretary to the President for foreign relations. A career naval officer, he had served as the Commander of the Sri Lankan Navy, the professional head of the navy from September 2012 to June 2014.
Sanders T. Frank
Dr. Sanders T. Frank M.D. (May 11, 1938 – September 14, 1997) was an American pulmonologist known for describing Frank's sign. He was born in Middletown, Connecticut and qualified from New York Medical College. He worked as director of respiratory medicine and associate clinical professor of medicine at the Garfield Medical Center, Monterey Park, California.

Pulmonology
Pulmonology (/ˌpʌlməˈnɒlədʒi/, /ˌpʊlməˈnɒlədʒi/, from Latin pulmō, -ōnis "lung" and the Greek suffix -λογία -logía "study of"), pneumology (/nʊˈmɒlədʒi, njʊ-/, built on Greek πνεύμων pneúmōn "lung") or pneumonology (/nʊmənˈɒlədʒi, njʊ-/) is a medical specialty that deals with diseases involving the respiratory tract. It is also known as respirology, respiratory medicine, or chest medicine in some countries and areas.

Pulmonology is considered a branch of internal medicine, and is related to intensive care medicine. Pulmonology often involves managing patients who need life support and mechanical ventilation. Pulmonologists are specially trained in diseases and conditions of the chest, particularly pneumonia, asthma, tuberculosis, emphysema, and complicated chest infections.

Pulmonology/respirology departments work especially closely with certain other specialties: cardiothoracic surgery departments and cardiology departments.
Sweden men's national beach handball team
The Sweden national beach handball team is the national beach handball team of Sweden and is controlled by the Swedish Handball Federation. Their best result in the European Championship is 2017, when Sweden finished in 5th place. The team played for the first time in the 2018 World Championships.

Beach handball
Beach handball is a team sport where two teams pass and bounce or roll a ball, trying to throw it in the goal of the opposing team. The game is similar to standard handball, but it is played on sand instead of on a solid floor. Because the ball loses most of its bounce on sand, there is little to no dribbling, and players instead perform more passing as the rules of travelling still apply.
TVS One Make Championship
TVS One Make Championship is an annual motorcycling event conducted by TVS Motor Company. The championship is conducted in five rounds organized at Madras Motor Race Track, Kari Motor Speedway and Buddh International Circuit. The One Make Championship is approved by the Federation of Motor Sports Clubs of India (FMSCI).

Buddh International Circuit
The Buddh International Circuit is an Indian motor racing circuit situated in Jaypee Sports City, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh. The track shares its name with Gautama Buddha, as does the district of its location. The track was officially inaugurated on 18 October 2011.

The 5.125 km (3.185 mi) long circuit was designed by German racetrack designer Hermann Tilke. The circuit is best known as the venue for the annual Formula One Indian Grand Prix, which was first hosted in October 2011. However, the Grand Prix was suspended for 2014 and subsequently cancelled due to a tax dispute with the Government of Uttar Pradesh during the Akhilesh Yadav administration.
2023 Copa LP Chile
The 2023 Copa LP Chile, also known as LP Open by IND, for sponsorship reasons, was a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was also part of the 2023 WTA 125 season. It took place at the Hacienda Chicureo Club in Colina, Chile between 13 and 19 November 2023.

Lucciana Pérez
Lucciana Pérez Alarcón (born 8 May 2005) is a Peruvian tennis player.

She played college tennis for the Texas A&M Aggies and was named Southeastern Conference (SEC) Freshman of the Year in 2024. She helped the Aggies win their first NCAA Women's Championship that season.
Norman–Roberts syndrome
Norman–Roberts syndrome is a rare form of microlissencephaly caused by a mutation in the RELN gene. A small number of cases have been described. The syndrome was first reported by Margaret Grace Norman and M. Roberts et al. in 1976.

Lack of reelin prevents normal layering of the cerebral cortex and disrupts cognitive development. Patients have cerebellar hypoplasia, congenital lymphedema, and hypotonia. The disorder is also associated with myopia, nystagmus and generalized seizures.

Norman–Roberts syndrome is one of two known disorders caused by a disruption of the reelin-signaling pathway. The other is VLDLR-associated cerebellar hypoplasia, which is caused by a mutation in the gene coding for one of the reelin receptors, VLDLR.

Disruption of the RELN gene in human patients is analogous to the malfunctioning RELN gene in the reeler mouse.

Lymphedema
Lymphedema (USA), lymphœdema (UK) also known as lymphatic edema (US)/œdema (UK), is a condition of localized swelling caused by a compromised lymphatic system. The lymphatic system functions as a critical portion of the body's immune system and returns interstitial fluid to the bloodstream.

Lymphedema is most frequently a complication of cancer treatment or parasitic infections, but it can also be seen in a number of genetic disorders. Tissues with lymphedema are at high risk of infection because the lymphatic system has been compromised.

Though incurable and progressive, a number of treatments may improve symptoms. This commonly includes compression therapy, good skin care, exercise, and manual lymphatic drainage (MLD), which together are known as combined decongestive therapy. Diuretics are not useful.
Tony D'Alberto
Antonio Alvano "Tony" D'Alberto (born 9 December 1985) is an Australian professional racing driver. He currently drives the No.17 Ford Mustang GT for Dick Johnson Racing as a co-driver in the Supercars Championship.

Ford Mustang (seventh generation)
The Ford Mustang S650 is the seventh-generation of the Ford Mustang pony car manufactured by Ford. First shown at the 2022 North American International Auto Show, it is assembled at Ford's Flat Rock Assembly Plant and began production on May 1, 2023, initially available with either the redesigned 2.3 L EcoBoost turbocharged 4-cylinder with 315 HP, or the revised, 4th generation Coyote V8 with 480-486 HP in the GT and 500 HP in the Dark Horse.
Mono National Forest
Mono National Forest was established by the U.S. Forest Service in California and Nevada on July 1, 1908 with 659,456 acres (2,668.72 km2), almost all in California, from parts of Inyo, Toiyabe, Stanislaus and Sierra National Forests. On July 1, 1945 the entire forest was divided between Inyo and Toiyabe and the name was discontinued.

Sierra National Forest
Sierra National Forest is a U.S. national forest located on the western slope of the central Sierra Nevada in California, bounded on the northwest by Yosemite National Park and on the south by Kings Canyon National Park. The forest is known for its mountain scenery and beautiful lakes. Forest headquarters are located in Clovis, California. There are local ranger district offices in North Fork and Prather.
Travers railway station
Travers railway station (French: Gare de Travers) is a railway station in the municipality of Val-de-Travers, in the Swiss canton of Neuchâtel. It is located at the junction of the standard gauge Neuchâtel–Pontarlier line of Swiss Federal Railways and the Travers–Buttes line of Transports publics Neuchâtelois.

Transports publics Neuchâtelois
Transports publics Neuchâtelois (lit. 'Public transport in Neuchâtel', German: Neuenburgische Verkehrsbetriebe) is a public transport company in western Switzerland. It manages services under the transN brand in the canton of Neuchâtel. It was formed in 2012 through the merger of Transports Régionaux Neuchâtelois (TRN) and TN. It operates regional train services, a suburban tramway line, funiculars, buses, and trolleybuses.
2020 in paleoichthyology
Paleontology portal

History of science portal

This list of fossil fishes described in 2020 is a list of new taxa of jawless vertebrates, placoderms, acanthodians, fossil cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, and other fishes of every kind that were described during the year 2020, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleoichthyology that occurred in 2020.

Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes (/kɒnˈdrɪkθiiːz/; from Ancient Greek  χόνδρος (khóndros) 'cartilage' and  ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish') is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or bony fish, which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. Chondrichthyes are aquatic vertebrates with paired fins, paired nares, placoid scales, conus arteriosus in the heart, and a lack of opercula and swim bladders. Within the infraphylum Gnathostomata, cartilaginous fishes are distinct from all other jawed vertebrates.

The class is divided into two subclasses: Elasmobranchii (sharks, rays, skates and sawfish) and Holocephali (chimaeras, sometimes called ghost sharks, which are sometimes separated into their own class).  Extant chondrichthyans range in size from the 10 cm (3.9 in) finless sleeper ray to the over 10 m (33 ft) whale shark.
Paul Wenck
Paul Wenck (1892–1964) was a German and American painter, graphic artist and illustrator, particularly of book dust jackets.

Wenck was born in 1892 in Berlin, Germany. In 1941, he was living in New Rochelle, New York.

He is probably best known for his dust jackets designs for the Little, Brown and Company US first editions of the novels of Erich Maria Remarque, including All Quiet on the Western Front, The Road Back and Three Comrades.

He illustrated the dust jackets of Ernst Glaeser's Class of 1902 published in 1929, Cicely Hilda Farmer's Artemis Weds published in 1932, and Alfred Kreymborg's I'm No Hero published in 1933.

The Road Back
The Road Back, also translated as The Way Back, (German: Der Weg zurück) is a novel by German author Erich Maria Remarque, commonly regarded as a sequel to his 1929 novel All Quiet on the Western Front. It was first serialized in the German newspaper Vossische Zeitung between December 1930 and January 1931, and published in book form in April 1931.
Felix Joseph Widder
Felix Joseph Widder (16 December 1892 – 5 September 1974) was an Austrian mycologist, botanist, and naturalist.

The standard author abbreviation Widder is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection. Yeasts are among the most heavily utilized members of the fungus kingdom, particularly in food manufacturing.

Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases. The two disciplines are closely related, because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist.
Cochiti Dam
The Cochiti Dam is an earthen fill dam located on the Rio Grande in Sandoval County, New Mexico, approximately 50 miles (80 km) north of Albuquerque, New Mexico, in the United States. It also impounds the Santa Fe River. By volume of material, it is the 23rd largest dam in the world at 62,849,000 yd3 (48,052,000 m3) of material, one of the ten largest such dams in the United States, and the eleventh largest such dam in the world. Cochiti Dam is one of the four United States Army Corps of Engineers projects for flood and sediment control on the Rio Grande system, operating in conjunction with Abiquiu Dam, Galisteo Dam and Jemez Canyon Dam.

Sandoval County, New Mexico
Sandoval County (Spanish: Condado de Sandoval) is a county located in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 census, the population was 148,834, making it the fourth-most populous county in New Mexico. The county seat is Bernalillo.

Sandoval County is part of the Albuquerque metropolitan area.
USS A. Houghton
USS A. Houghton – a 326 ton bark – was purchased during the beginning of the American Civil War by the Union Navy.

A. Houghton served throughout the war against the Confederate States of America as an ammunition ship, supporting the Union fleet. Towards the end of the war, she served as a storeship and as a health ship whose task it was to restore post-operative wounded personnel back to health.

Tonnage
Tonnage is a measure of the capacity of a ship, and is commonly used to assess fees on commercial shipping. The term derives from the taxation paid on tuns or casks of wine. In modern maritime usage, "tonnage" specifically refers to a calculation of the volume or cargo volume of a ship. Although tonnage (volume) should not be confused with displacement (the actual mass of the vessel), the long ton (or imperial ton) of 2,240 lb is derived from the fact that a "tun" of wine typically weighed that much.
Eubank
Eubank is a surname of Old English origin in use since the 13th century, derived from the phrase yew-bank, referring to those who lived near a ridge of yew. Historical spellings include Ewbanke, Ewbanck, Ewbancke, Ewbanche, Ubank, Yuebanc, and Ewbank. 1

Taxus baccata
Taxus baccata is an Old World species of evergreen tree in the family Taxaceae. It is the tree originally known as yew, though with other related trees becoming known, it is sometimes called common yew, European yew, or, in North America, English yew. It is a woodland tree in its native range, including much of Eurasia and Northwest Africa. All parts of the plant except the fleshy aril are poisonous, with toxins that can be absorbed through inhalation, ingestion, and transpiration through the skin.

The wood has been prized for making longbows and for musical instruments such as lutes. Yews are often grown as ornamental trees, hedges or topiaries, including in churchyards, where they sometimes reach great age; many explanations have been given for this planting, especially that the yew is associated with death, immortality, and rebirth. Multiple place names derive from the Proto-Celtic *eburos, but scholars disagree as to whether this meant the yew tree.
Rick Mohr
Richard Alan Mohr Jr. (July 27, 1959 – June 6, 2021) was a Canadian football defensive lineman in the Canadian Football League (CFL) who played for the Toronto Argonauts and Saskatchewan Roughriders. He played college football for the UC Davis Aggies from 1977 to 1980. After college, he signed as a free agent with the Green Bay Packers. He also played in the USFL for the Oakland Invaders and Tampa Bay Bandits.

Mohr died on June 6, 2021, after a heart attack while golfing at the Quail Lodge & Golf Club in Carmel, California, at the age of 61.

Oakland Invaders
The Oakland Invaders were a professional American football team that played in the United States Football League (USFL) from 1983 through 1985.  Based in Oakland, California, they played at the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum.

The team can trace its history to 1977 when they played in the California Football League as the Twin Cities Cougars, and won four league championships (1979–1982). During that time, they played their home games at the Marysville High School field.
Hedvig Eleonora Parish
Hedvig Eleonora Parish (Swedish: Hedvig Eleonora församling) is a parish in Östermalm's church district (kontrakt) in the Diocese of Stockholm, Sweden. The parish is located in Stockholm Municipality in Stockholm County. The parish forms its own pastorship.

Stockholm Municipality
Stockholm Municipality (Swedish: Stockholms kommun) or the City of Stockholm (Swedish: Stockholms stad) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. It has the largest population of the 290 municipalities of the country, but one of the smallest areas, making it the second most densely populated. It is also the most populous municipality in the Nordic countries.

Although legally a municipality with the official proper name Stockholms kommun, the municipal assembly (kommunfullmäktige) has decided to use the name Stockholms stad (City of Stockholm in English) whenever possible. This is purely nominal and has no effect on the legal status of the municipality.

Geographically, the city comprises the Stockholm City Centre and two suburban areas, Söderort (South Stockholm) and Västerort (West Stockholm). Administratively, it is subdivided into 14 districts (sometimes incorrectly called "boroughs" in English), which are administered by district councils (stadsdelsnämnder).
Rear services
Rear services were those agencies in Warsaw Pact and Soviet style military forces concerned with military logistics and support. The Rear Services supplied the armed forces with ammunition, fuel, spare parts, food, clothing, and other material. They included the Central Military Medical Administration. Usually a deputy minister of defence served as chief of Rear Services for the armed forces. Rear Services encompasses mainly the Rear Services' Staff, several main and central departments and other services.

Main Military Medical Directorate (Russia)
55°44′56″N 37°36′8″E﻿ / ﻿55.74889°N 37.60222°E﻿ / 55.74889; 37.60222
The Main Military Medical Directorate, (Russian: Главное военно-медицинское управление Министерства обороны Российской Федерации) also known as Military Medical Directorate, a successor of Soviet Military Medical Directorate, is the specialist medical corps in the Russian Ministry of defense and it was part of the Soviet Armed Forces. Now, it is part of the Russian Armed Forces which provides medical services to all Army personnel and their families, in war and in peace.

The headquarters is located in the Main Building of the Ministry of Defense at Znamenka 19, Moscow, Russia.
Kottappady
Kottappady  is a village in Kothamangalam Taluk in Ernakulam district of Kerala State, India. It belongs to Central Kerala Division. It is located 10 km from Kothamangalam. The village came into existence in the year 1953.

Kalkunnel Mar Geevarghese Sahada Jacobite Syrian Church, one of the prominent Jacobite churches in Kerala, is situated here, one of the biggest Jacobite churches in India. Kottekkevu bhagavathi temple in south Kottappady, famous for Kottekkavu Bharani (Meenam) is the first place of worship.

Thrikkariyoor Kottekkavu Bhagavathi Temple
Thrikkariyoor Sree Kottekavu Bhagavathi Temple is situated 4 km from Kothamangalam, Kerala, India. The presiding deity of the temple is Devi Adi Parashakti, located in main Sanctum Sanctorum, facing north.  This temple deserves a special mention, as it is believed to have the spirits of Lord Krishna and Lord Shiva. The rites and rituals are based on those of the Arya Dravida traditions. Thrikkariyoor is also believed to be the capital of Chera Dynasty.
Soot blower
A sootblower is a device for removing the soot that is deposited on the internal furnace tubes of a boiler during combustion to prevent plugging of the gas passes and maintain boiler efficiency. The world market leader is Clyde Bergemann Power Group.

Types of soot blowers:

Wall Blowers also known as IRs (Insertable Rotating)

Long Retractable Sootblower (LRSB) or IK (Insertable Kinetic)

Part-Retractable Sootblowers

Oscillating Sootblowers

Rake Sootblowers

Air Heater Blower

Rotating Element Sootblowers

Multi-Media Sootblowers

Fixed Rotating

Steam blowing medium:

Steam

Air

High Pressure Water

Dual-media air heater

Steam is normally used as a medium for blowing away the soot since capital cost of steam pressure reducing equipment and drain is less than the cost of compressors, motors and control of air systems.

Capital cost
Capital costs are fixed, one-time expenses incurred on the purchase of land, buildings, construction, and equipment used in the production of goods or in the rendering of services. In other words, it is the total cost needed to bring a project to a commercially operable status. Whether a particular cost is capital or not depend on many factors such as accounting, tax laws, and materiality.
Frank J. Jirka Jr.
Frank Joseph Jirka Jr., (July 27, 1922 – October 2, 2000) was an American physician. He was elected as the President of the American Medical Association in 1983, before which he served as the President of the Illinois State Medical Society, President of the Chicago Medical Society and of the Douglas Park Branch of the Chicago Medical Society.

Cermak branch
The Cermak branch, formerly known as the Douglas branch, is a 6.6 mi (10.6 km) long section of the Pink Line of the Chicago "L" system in Chicago, Illinois. It was built by the Metropolitan West Side Elevated west of the Loop. As of February 2013, it serves an average of 17,474 passengers every weekday. The branch serves the Near West Side, Pilsen, Lower West Side, South Lawndale, and North Lawndale neighborhoods of Chicago, and the west suburb Cicero, Illinois. The branch operates from 4:05 a.m. to 1:25 a.m., weekdays, and Saturdays from 5:05 a.m. to 1:25 a.m., and Sundays from 5:00 a.m. to 1:25 a.m., including holidays.