hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1990 Utah Utes football team
The 1990 Utah Utes football team represented the University of Utah as a member of the Western Athletic Conference (WAC) during the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their first season under head coach Ron McBride, the Utes compiled an overall record of 4–7 record with a mark of 2–6 against conference opponents, placed seventh in the WAC, and were outscored by their opponents 348 to 214. The team played home games at Robert Rice Stadium in Salt Lake City.

The McBride era started with a shutout of Utah State. It was the Utes first shutout since the 1981 season and signaled a change in defensive philosophy from the previous year, in which Utah finished in last place out of 106 NCAA Division I-A teams in total defense.

1990 Utah State Aggies football team
The 1990 Utah State Aggies football team represented Utah State University during the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season as a member of the Big West Conference. The Aggies were led by fifth-year head coach Chuck Shelton and played their home games at Romney Stadium in Logan, Utah. They finished the season with a record of five wins, five losses, and one tie (5–5–1, 5–1–1 Big West).

Utah State finished Big West play tied for second in the conference standings with Fresno State, losing only to eventual conference champion San Jose State. The 1990 season would mark the high point of the Chuck Shelton era at Utah State, as the Aggies finished with a .500 winning percentage (the first time the Aggies had a non-losing record since the 1981 season).
Overvalwagen
The Overvalwagen (Dutch: Assault vehicle) was an armored car or armored personnel carrier that saw service with the Royal Dutch East Indies Army and its auxiliary forces. It was used during the Second World War's Dutch East Indies Campaign.

Armoured personnel carrier
An armoured personnel carrier (APC) is a broad type of armoured military vehicle designed to transport personnel and equipment in combat zones. Since World War I, APCs have become a very common piece of military equipment around the world.

According to the definition in the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, an APC is "an armoured combat vehicle which is designed and equipped to transport a combat infantry squad and which, as a rule, is armed with an integral or organic weapon of less than 20 millimetres calibre." Compared to infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs), which are also used to carry infantry into battle, APCs have less armament and are not designed to provide direct fire support in battle. Infantry units that travel in APCs are known as mechanized infantry. Some militaries also make a distinction between infantry units that use APCs and infantry units that use IFVs, with the latter being known as armoured infantry.
Compello
Compello AS is a Norwegian IT company established in 2011 after the merger of Client Computing Europe ASA and Compello Software AS. The company develops solutions for automated data flow comprising solutions for EDI, eInvoice and Invoice Approval. The company is 100% owned by Etrinell AS with headquarters in Oslo, Norway.

More than 80 people are currently employed in Compello based in Oslo, Sandefjord, Stockholm, and Colombo. The company collaborates with Microsoft and was chosen Best Norwegian Independent Software Partner at Microsoft's annual Partner Conference in Washington, D.C., in 2014.

In 2018, Compello won the ODA Award Organization, a role model prize of promoting women in tech.

Technology company
A technology company (or tech company) is a company that focuses primarily on the manufacturing, support, research and development of—most commonly computing, telecommunication and consumer electronics–based—technology-intensive products and services, which include businesses relating to digital electronics, software, optics, new energy, and Internet-related services such as cloud storage and e-commerce services. Big Tech refers to the 6 largest companies, both in the United States and globally, symbolized by the metonym 'Silicon Valley', where 4 of them are based.
Tamar Halperin
Tamar Halperin (Hebrew: תמר הלפרין; born 1976) is an Israeli harpsichordist, pianist and musicologist. She has played Baroque music in historically informed performance, but also classical repertory and jazz with a big band.

Echo Jazz
The Echo Jazz (stylized as ECHO JAZZ) was a German music prize, an Echo Music Prize for personalities and production of jazz. It was awarded annually by the Deutsche Phono-Akademie between 2010 and 2018.

The awards had been given in 30 categories, including ensemble of the year, male and female singer of the year, record label, and lifetime achievement. In 2012, the criteria for entry included album release date and "two outstanding reviews from music journalists." Conductor Claus Ogermann was given the ECHO Jazz Lifetime Achievement Award in 2012. Awards were decided by a 12-member jury based on critical and commercial appeal.

Echo Jazz was disestablished in 2018.
United Bank for Africa Uganda Limited
United Bank for Africa Uganda Limited, also UBA Uganda, is a commercial bank in Uganda. It is licensed by the Bank of Uganda, the central bank and national banking regulator. UBA Uganda is a subsidiary of the United Bank for Africa, headquartered in Lagos, Nigeria, with a presence in twenty African countries, the United Kingdom, France, and the United States. The stock of UBA Transnational trades on the Nigeria Stock Exchange under the symbol UBA.

Commercial bank
A commercial bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and gives loans to its clients to make a profit.

It can also refer to a bank or a division of a larger bank that deals with wholesale banking to corporations or large or middle-sized businesses, to differentiate from retail banks and investment banks. Commercial banks include private sector banks and public sector banks. However, central banks function differently from commercial banks, despite a common misconception known as the "bank analogy". Unlike commercial banks, central banks are not primarily focused on generating profits and cannot become insolvent in the same way as commercial banks in a fiat currency system.
Kalyazinsky Uyezd
Kalyazinsky Uyezd (Калязинский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Tver Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the eastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Kalyazin. In terms of present-day administrative borders, the territory of Kalyazinsky Uyezd is divided between the Kalyazinsky, Kashinsky and Kimrsky districts of Tver Oblast and Taldomsky District of Moscow Oblast.

Tver Oblast
Tver Oblast (Russian: Тверская область, romanized: Tverskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [tvʲɪrˈskajə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Tver. From 1935 to 1990, it was known as Kalinin Oblast (Russian: Калининская область). Population: 1,353,392 (2010 census).

Tver Oblast is a region of lakes, such as Seliger and Brosno. Much of the remaining area is occupied by the Valdai Hills, where the Volga, the Western Dvina, and the Dnieper have their source.

Tver Oblast is one of the tourist regions of Russia with a modern tourist infrastructure. There are many historic towns, such as Torzhok, Zubtsov, Kashin, Vyshny Volochyok, and Kalyazin. The oldest of these is Rzhev, primarily known for the Battles of Rzhev in World War II and the Rzhev Memorial. Staritsa was the seat of the last appanage principality in Russia, while Ostashkov, located on lake Seliger, is a major center of recreational and nature tourism.
Tower Grove East, St. Louis
Tower Grove East is a neighborhood of St. Louis, Missouri. The Tower Grove East neighborhood is bordered by Shenandoah Avenue to the north, Nebraska Avenue to the east, Gravois Avenue to the south, and south Grand Boulevard to the west.

The neighborhood is so named because it partially borders (across Grand Boulevard) the east entrance of Tower Grove Park. The land of Tower Grove Park was deeded to the city in 1868 as a gift by Henry Shaw, the owner of much of the surrounding land, including what is now the Missouri Botanical Gardens. The park also lends its name to the near neighborhood of Tower Grove South. Tower Grove Park lends much culture and activity to the neighborhood, with its annual festivals, farmers' markets, and activities.

The neighborhood also includes many businesses on South Grand Avenue, a popular area of restaurants, nightlife, and shopping. Within the neighborhood itself are many restaurants, a community garden, churches, schools, and the Stray Dog Theatre.

Missouri Botanical Garden
The Missouri Botanical Garden is a botanical garden located at 4344 Shaw Boulevard in St. Louis, Missouri. It is also known informally as Shaw's Garden for founder and philanthropist Henry Shaw. Its herbarium, with more than 7.5 million specimens, is the second largest in North America, behind that of the New York Botanical Garden. Its Peter H. Raven Library contains 85% coverage of all literature ever published on systematic botany and plant taxonomy.  The Index Herbariorum code assigned to the herbarium is MO and it is used when citing housed specimens.
Steve Evetts
Steve Evetts is an American record producer who has produced music for Alesana, Poison the Well, A Static Lullaby, The Dillinger Escape Plan, Sepultura, Symphony X, Saves the Day, Lifetime, Kid Dynamite, Hightower, Story of the Year, Every Time I Die, Earth Crisis, Still Remains, Our Last Night, and The Wonder Years. Steve Evetts has been an active producer since 1992, producing mostly metal albums, as well as indie and emo bands.

Evetts has also engaged in music-production education. He taught an online CreativeLive class in collaboration with Ben Weinman of The Dillinger Escape Plan.

Evetts has also appeared as a guest instructor on the Nail the Mix platform, where he provided a detailed mix walkthrough for a song by The Dillinger Escape Plan.

The Wonder Years (band)
The Wonder Years is an American rock band from Lansdale, Pennsylvania, formed in July 2005. The band currently consists of Dan "Soupy" Campbell (lead vocals), Casey Cavaliere (lead guitar, backing vocals), Matt Brasch (guitar, vocals), Josh Martin (bass, vocals), Nick Steinborn (keyboards, guitar, backing vocals) and Mike Kennedy (drums, percussion). They have released seven full-length albums, two EPs, and several splits/compilations. The group is currently signed to Hopeless Records. Their name originates from a paper that Campbell read that was written by one of his after-school educators titled "The Wonder Years."
Levatores costarum muscles
The levatores costarum (/ˌlɛvəˈtɔːriːz kəˈstɛərəm/), twelve in number on either side, are small tendinous and fleshy bundles, which arise from the ends of the transverse processes of the seventh cervical and upper eleven thoracic vertebrae

They pass obliquely downward and laterally, like the fibers of the Intercostales externi, and each is inserted into the outer surface of the rib immediately below the vertebra from which it takes origin, between the tubercle and the angle (Levatores costarum breves).

Each of the four lower muscles divides into two fasciculi, one of which is inserted as above described; the other passes down to the second rib below its origin (Levatores costarum longi).

They have a role in forceful inspiration.

Rib
In vertebrate anatomy, ribs (Latin: costae) are the long curved bones which form the rib cage, part of the axial skeleton. In most tetrapods, ribs surround the thoracic cavity, enabling the lungs to expand and thus facilitate breathing by expanding the thoracic cavity. They serve to protect the lungs, heart, and other vital organs of the thorax. In some animals, especially snakes, ribs may provide support and protection for the entire body.
Chociw, Tomaszów Mazowiecki County
Chociw [ˈxɔt͡ɕif] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czerniewice, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) east of Czerniewice, 25 km (16 mi) north-east of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 56 km (35 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Tomaszów Mazowiecki
Tomaszów Mazowiecki (pronounced [tɔˈmaʂuf mazɔˈvjɛt͡skʲi] ⓘ, Yiddish: טאָמעשעוו or Tomashuv) is a town in central Poland with 60,529 inhabitants (2021). It is the fourth most populous city in the Łódź Voivodeship and the second with free public transport. It is the seat of Tomaszów County.

In Tomaszów Mazowiecki there is the first (and the only) all-year speed skating track in Poland - Ice Arena Tomaszów Mazowiecki, which has hosted the World Championships. In autumn, the city hosts the international Love Polish Jazz festival, organized by the Polish Ministry of Culture and National Heritage.
American Football Association of Nigeria
The American Football Association of Nigeria, also known as the Nigerian American Football Association (NAFA), is a private organization dedicated to promoting and developing American football across Nigeria.

Established in 2019, NAFA operates as an associated member of the International Federation of American Football (IFAF) representing Nigeria though they are not officially recognized as the governing body of American Football by the Nigerian government.

International Federation of American Football
The International Federation of American Football (IFAF) is the international governing body of American football associations. The IFAF oversees the organization and promotion of all international competitions across both contact and non contact versions of the game, including the IFAF World Championship, which is held every four years. The IFAF became a provisionary member of SportAccord in 2003, and became a full SportAccord member in 2005. In 2023, IFAF was officially recognized as an Olympic IF (International Federation) by the IOC. In 2023, IFAF marked a historic new streak, with flag football being selected as one of the five new sports for the LA 2028 Olympic Summer Games. The organization's head office relocated to Lausanne, Switzerland in 2026.
Pledge to Africa Act
The Pledge to Africa Act is an Act of the Parliament of Canada. It was Bill C-9 of the third session of the 37th Canadian Parliament. The legislation amends the Patent Act and the Food and Drugs Act to implement Canada's Access to Medicines Regime.  It represented the first implementation of the TRIPS flexibilities declared in the August 30, 2003, General Council decision. Enacted in May 2004, it allows Canada to enact compulsory licenses to export essential medicines to countries without the capacity to manufacture their own. Other countries that have since enacted similar legislation include Norway and India.

Compulsory license
A compulsory license provides that the owner of a patent or copyright licenses the use of their rights against payment either set by law or determined through some form of adjudication or arbitration. In essence, under a compulsory license, an individual or company seeking to use another's intellectual property can do so without seeking the rights holder's consent, and pays the rights holder a set fee for the license. This is an exception to the general rule under intellectual property laws that the intellectual property owner enjoys exclusive rights that it may license—or decline to license—to others.

Under UK patent law, a compulsory license is different from a statutory license. Under statutory license, the rate is fixed by law, whereas in case of compulsory license, the rate is left to be negotiated or decided in court.
Georgina Montagu
Georgina Montagu is a British journalist and author. In 2022, she wrote Top Dogs: A British Love Affair.

Top Dogs has a foreword from Queen Camilla (and pictures of her rescue terriers), and interviews with subjects including Andrew Lloyd Webber, Camilla Lowther and her partner Charles Aboah, Carole Bamford, the Irish Guards, Jasper Conran, John Pawson, Philip Mould and the Duke of Richmond, along with photos of their dogs.

Montagu is the great-granddaughter of English collector and philanthropist Nellie Ionides who, at her home in Sussex, Buxted Park, had kennels for more than 100 standard poodles, and ran a school for kennel maids.

She has lived in London, Tokyo, Paris and San Francisco, and worked for The Sunday Times Magazine and The World of Interiors, among others.

Montagu has two daughters and a standard poodle, Rollo, and lives in London .

Irish Guards
The Irish Guards (IG) is one of the Foot Guards regiments of the British Army and is part of the Guards Division. Together with the Royal Irish Regiment, it is one of the two Irish infantry regiments in the British Army. The regiment has participated in campaigns in the First World War, the Second World War, the Iraq War and the War in Afghanistan as well as numerous other operations throughout its history. The Irish Guards claim six Victoria Cross recipients, four from the First World War and two from the Second World War.
Wrestling at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's freestyle 48 kg
Women's freestyle 48 kilograms competition at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China, was held on August 16 at the China Agricultural University Gymnasium.

This freestyle wrestling competition consisted of a single-elimination tournament, with a repechage used to determine the winner of two bronze medals. The two finalists faced off for gold and silver medals. Each wrestler who lost to one of the two finalists moved into the repechage, culminating in a pair of bronze medal matches featuring the semifinal losers each facing the remaining repechage opponent from their half of the bracket.

Each bout consisted of up to three rounds, lasting two minutes apiece. The wrestler who scored more points in each round was the winner of that rounds; the bout finished when one wrestler had won two rounds (and thus the match).

Repechage
Repechage (/ˌrɛpɪˈʃɑːʒ/ ⓘ REP-ish-AHZH, UK also /ˈrɛpɪʃɑːʒ/ REP-ish-ahzh; French: repêchage [ʁəpɛʃaʒ] ⓘ, lit. 'fishing out'  or 'rescuing') is a practice in series competitions that allows participants who failed to meet qualifying standards by a small margin to continue to the next round. A well-known example is the wild card system.
Staffordshire Rugby Union
The Staffordshire Rugby Union is the governing body for the sport of rugby union in the county of Staffordshire in England. The union is the constituent body of the Rugby Football Union (RFU) for Staffordshire, and administers and organises rugby union clubs and competitions in the county. It also administers the Staffordshire county rugby representative teams.

Sports governing body
A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function.

Sports governing bodies come in various forms and have a variety of regulatory functions, including disciplinary procedure for rule infractions and deciding on rule
changes in the sport that they govern. Governing bodies have different scopes. They may cover a range of sport at an internationally acceptable level, such as the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee, or only a single sport at a national level, such as the Rugby Football League. National bodies will largely have to be affiliated with international bodies for the same sport. The first international federations were formed at the end of the 19th century.
Crabs of the British Isles
Around 65 species of crab occur in the waters of the British Isles. All are marine, with the exception of the introduced Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, which occurs in fresh and brackish water. They range in size from the deep-water species Paromola cuvieri, which can reach a claw span of 1.2 metres (3 ft 11 in), to the pea crab, which is only 4 mm (0.16 in) wide and lives inside mussel shells.

Chinese mitten crab
Eriocheir sinensis, the Chinese mitten crab (simplified Chinese: 大闸蟹; traditional Chinese: 大閘蟹; pinyin: dàzháxiè; Jyutping: daai6 zaap6 haai5; Shanghainese: du6-zaq8-ha5, lit. 'big sluice crab'; Korean: 참게) or Shanghai hairy crab (上海毛蟹, p Shànghǎi máoxiè), is a medium-sized burrowing crab that is named for its furry claws, which resemble mittens. It is native to rivers, estuaries, and other coastal habitats of East Asia; from Korea in the north to Fujian in the south. It has also been introduced to Europe and North America, where it is considered an invasive species. The species features on the list of invasive alien species of Union concern. This means that the import of the species and trade in the species is forbidden in the whole of the European Union.
Modeste Randriamanantena
Modeste Randriamanantena is a Malagasy politician. A member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as a member of the Tiako I Madagasikara party; he represents the constituency of Ambato Boéni.

National Assembly (Madagascar)
The National Assembly (Malagasy: Antenimieram-Pirenena; French: Assemblée Nationale) is the lower house of the Parliament of Madagascar. The Assembly has 163 members, elected for five-year terms in single-member and two-member constituencies.

The Parliament of Madagascar has two chambers. The other chamber is the Senate (Antenimieran-Doholona/Sénat), which has 18 members, 12 of which are indirectly elected (one from each district of Madagascar), with 6 more being appointed.
Artin's theorem on induced characters
In group representation theory, a branch of mathematics, Artin's theorem on induced characters, introduced by E. Artin, states that a character on a finite group is a rational linear combination of characters induced from all cyclic subgroups of the group.

There is a similar but in some sense more precise theorem due to Brauer, which says that the theorem remains true if "rational" and "cyclic subgroup" are replaced with "integer" and "elementary subgroup".

Finite group
In abstract algebra, a finite group is a group whose underlying set is finite.  Finite groups often arise when considering symmetry of mathematical or physical objects, when those objects admit just a finite number of structure-preserving transformations.  Important examples of finite groups include cyclic groups and permutation groups.

The study of finite groups has been an integral part of group theory since it arose in the 19th century.  One major area of study has been classification: the classification of finite simple groups (those with no nontrivial normal subgroup) was completed in 2004.
Les Bruton
Leslie Hector Ronald Bruton (1 April 1903 – 2 April 1989) was an English footballer who played at centre-forward in the 1920s and 1930s for various clubs, having his most successful period with Blackburn Rovers.

1930–31 FA Cup
The 1930–31 FA Cup was the 56th staging of the world's oldest football cup competition, the Football Association Challenge Cup, commonly known as the FA Cup. West Bromwich Albion of the Football League Second Division won the competition, beating First Division team Birmingham 2–1 in the final at Wembley, London. In doing so Albion became the first and to date only club to both win the cup and gain promotion in the same year.

Matches were played at the stadium of the team named first on the date specified for each round, which was always a Saturday. If scores were level after 90 minutes had been played, a replay would take place at the stadium of the second-named team later the same week. If the replayed match was drawn further replays would be held at neutral venues until a winner was determined. If scores were level after 90 minutes had been played in a replay, a 30-minute period of extra time would be played.