hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Al Picard
Albert Patrick Picard (March 17, 1923 – July 1, 2019) was a Canadian ice hockey player with the Sudbury Wolves. He won a silver medal at the 1949 World Ice Hockey Championships in Stockholm, Sweden. He also played professionally with the Buffalo Bisons, Dallas Texans, Oakland Oaks, Houston Skippers, Houston Huskies, and Vancouver Canucks.

Oakland Oaks (ice hockey)
The Oakland Oaks were a minor professional ice hockey team based in Oakland, California that played in the Pacific Coast Hockey League from the 1944–45 season into the 1949–50 season. The team did not complete its final season, folding in December 1949. The team played its home games at Winterland Arena in San Francisco, a venue it shared with the San Francisco Shamrocks.

The team's coach for its first season was Denny Edge, who had previously coached the Gonzaga Bulldogs men's ice hockey team. Hockey Hall of Fame inductee Eddie Shore bought the team for $50,000 in May 1948 and owned it through closure. In its six-season history, the team compiled a record of 131–143–10.
African Elephant (sculpture)
African Elephant is an outdoor 1982 life-size Cor-ten steel sculpture depicting an African elephant by Robert Fowler (with assistance from John Long and Phil Schalekamp). The statue was originally installed at the Houston Zoo's main entrance, but was relocated in 2000, and underwent restoration work at the time.

Houston Zoo
The Houston Zoo is a 55-acre (22 ha) zoological park located within Hermann Park in Houston, Texas, United States. The zoo houses over 6,000 animals from more than 900 species. It receives around 2 million visitors each year and is the second most visited zoo in the United States, surpassed only by the San Diego Zoo. It is accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA). The zoo has been operated by the non-profit corporation Houston Zoo since 2002, and was previously operated by the City of Houston.
1989 Men's Hockey Champions Trophy
The 1989 Men's Hockey Champions Trophy was the 11th edition of the Hockey Champions Trophy, an international men's field hockey tournament. It took place from 10 until 18 June 1989 in West Berlin.

Australia won the tournament for the fourth time by finishing first in the round-robin tournament. West Germany were the defending champions but finished third.

Germany men's national field hockey team
The Germany men's national field hockey team is one of the most successful sides in the world, winning gold at the Summer Olympics four times (including once as West Germany), the Hockey World Cup 3 times, the EuroHockey Nations Championship nine times (including twice as West Germany) and the Hockey Champions Trophy ten times (including three times as West Germany).
Alagappan N.
Alagappan N is an Indian cinematographer who works primarily in Malayalam films. He received graduate diploma in cinematography from the M.G.R. Government Film and Television Training Institute in Chennai.

M.G.R. Government Film and Television Training Institute
The M.G.R. Government Film and Television Training Institute, popularly known earlier as Madras Film Institute, is Asia's first-ever film and television training institute. Established in 1945 as Adyar Film Institute, it is one of the pioneer film institutes in India. It is in Tharamani, Chennai, and is run by the Department of Information and Public Relations, Government of Tamil Nadu.

The diplomas are approved by All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), while the certificates are awarded by the Department of Technical Education, Government of Tamil Nadu.

The incumbent president of the Institute is Trotsky Marudu, who was appointed by the Government on 11 November 2024.
Joseph Ruzindana
Joseph Ruzindana (3 June 1943 – 5 June 1994) was a Catholic Bishop of Byumba in Rwanda.

Joseph Ruzindana was born on 3 June 1943 in Rambura.
On 23 July 1972 he was ordained priest of Byumba.
He was appointed Bishop of Byumba on 5 November 1981, and ordained on 17 January 1982.
The bishopric of Byumba was newly formed through a division of the diocese of Ruhengeri.

During the Rwandan genocide, Ruzindana was killed on 5 June 1994 by soldiers of the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF),
along with Vincent Nsengiyumva, Archbishop of Kigali, Thaddée Nsengiyumva, Bishop of Kabgayi, nine priests, a senior priest of the Josephite Brothers, and a child.
The soldiers who killed them were their guards at Gakurazo, near the Kabgayi church center.

Byumba
Byumba is a city and sector in northern Rwanda and the capital of Gicumbi District. It is home to an SOS Children's Village. The city lies about 60 kilometres (37 mi), north of the capital Kigali. This location lies approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi), south of the International border with Uganda at Gatuna.
Far from Yours
"Far From Yours" is a song by American rapper O.C. featuring American R&B singer Yvette Michele. It was released in July 1997 via Payday/FFRR Records as the second single from O.C.'s second solo studio album Jewelz. Recording sessions took place at Unique Recording Studios in New York. Production was handled by Buckwild, who utilizes samples from "Tomorrow" by The Brothers Johnson and "For the Listeners" by Eric B. & Rakim.

The single peaked at number 81 on the Billboard Hot 100, number 43 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, number 23 on the Dance Singles Sales and number 12 on the Hot Rap Songs in the United States. Billboard magazine remarked: "easy-paced jeep groove with an on-point rap that leaves the listener salivating for much more".

The Brothers Johnson
The Brothers Johnson was an American funk and R&B band consisting of the American brothers George ("Lightnin' Licks") and Louis E. Johnson ("Thunder Thumbs"). They achieved their greatest success from the mid-1970s to early 1980s, with three singles topping the R&B charts ("I'll Be Good to You", "Strawberry Letter 23", and "Stomp!").
Polvadera Group
The Polvadera Group is a group of geologic formations exposed in and around the Jemez Mountains of northern New Mexico. Radiometric dating gives it an age of 13 to 2.2 million years, corresponding to the Miocene through early Quaternary.

Bandelier Tuff
The Bandelier Tuff is a geologic formation exposed in and around the Jemez Mountains of northern New Mexico. It has a radiometric age of 1.85 to 1.25 million years, corresponding to the Pleistocene epoch. The tuff was erupted in a series of at least three caldera eruptions in the central Jemez Mountains.

The Bandelier Tuff was one of the first ignimbrites recognized in the geologic record, and has been extensively studied by geologists seeking to understand the processes involved in volcanic supereruptions.
Borș
Borş can refer to:

Borș (bran), an ingredient in Romanian cuisine used to make sour soup

Borș, Bihor (Hungarian: Bors), a commune in Bihor County, Romania

Valentin Borș (born 1983), Romanian football player

Borș, Bihor
Borș (Hungarian: Bors) is a commune in Bihor County, Crișana, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Borș, Santăul Mare (Nagyszántó), Santăul Mic (Kisszántó), and Sântion (Biharszentjános). There is an important border crossing with Hungary near Borș, both for road traffic (DN1) and rail traffic (CFR Line 300).
Danny Blind
Dirk Franciscus "Danny" Blind (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdɪr(ə)k frɑnˈsɪskʏz ˈdɛni ˈblɪnt]; born 1 August 1961) is a Dutch former football player and coach. He played as a defender for Sparta Rotterdam, Ajax and the Netherlands national team. As coach he has managed Ajax and the Netherlands national team.

He is one of only two Dutch players, together with Arnold Mühren, to have won all UEFA club competitions.

1995 UEFA Super Cup
The 1995 UEFA Super Cup was a two-legged match contested between the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup holders Zaragoza and the UEFA Champions League holders Ajax. The cup was played later than usual, the two legs taking place in February 1996. The first leg was drawn 1–1 at La Romareda in Zaragoza. The second leg was won 4–0 by Ajax at the Olympic Stadium in Amsterdam. Ajax won 5–1 on aggregate.
Fernando de Liñán
Fernando de Liñán y Zofio (19 April 1930 – 27 April 2011) was a Spanish politician who served as Minister of Information and Tourism of Spain between 1973 and 1974, during the Francoist dictatorship. He was a member of FET y de las JONS.

Ministry of Information and Tourism
The Ministry of Information and Tourism (Spanish: Ministerio de Información y Turismo) was a ministerial department of the Government of Spain created in 1951 during the dictatorship of Francisco Franco to control information and the censorship of press and radio. The ministry also assumed the management of Tourism, an important industry at that time when it had an important flowering. In historiography, some authors consider it as a simple Ministry of Propaganda.
C parity
In physics, the C parity or charge parity is a multiplicative quantum number of some particles that describes their behavior under the symmetry operation of charge conjugation.

Charge conjugation changes the sign of all quantum charges (that is, additive quantum numbers), including the electrical charge, baryon number and lepton number, and the flavor charges strangeness, charm, bottomness, topness and Isospin (I3). In contrast, it doesn't affect the mass, linear momentum or spin of a particle.

Topness
Topness (symbol T) or truth is a flavour quantum number that represents the difference between the number of top quarks (t) and number of top antiquarks (t) present in a particle:

By convention, top quarks have a topness of +1 and top antiquarks have a topness of −1. The term "topness" is rarely used; most physicists simply refer to "the number of top quarks" and "the number of top antiquarks".
Didier Falise
Didied Falise (born 3 March 1961) is a retired Belgian triple jumper.

He was born in Oreye. He finished tenth at the 1985 World Indoor Games, eighth at the 1986 European Championships, seventh at the 1987 European Indoor Championships, eighth at the 1987 World Indoor Championships, eleventh at the 1988 Olympic Games and twelfth at the 1989 European Indoor Championships, He also competed at the 1987 World Championships and the 1990 European Championships without reaching the final.

He became Belgian champion every year from 1980 through 1990, except for 1983. His personal best jump was 16.86 metres, achieved in August 1986 in Brussels.

Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Men's triple jump
The men's triple jump event at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea had an entry list of 45 competitors, with 43 athletes from 31 nations starting in two qualifying groups (43 jumpers) before the final (12) took place on Saturday September 24, 1988. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Khristo Markov of Bulgaria, the nation's first medal and victory in the men's triple jump. Igor Lapshin and Aleksandr Kovalenko of the Soviet Union took silver and bronze in an event where the Soviets had reached the podium eight consecutive Games before the 1984 boycott.
Osman Nuri Pasha
Osman Nuri Pasha (Ottoman Turkish: عثمان نوری پاشا‎; 1832, Tokat, Ottoman Empire – 4 to 5 April 1900, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire), also known as Gazi Osman Pasha (Turkish: Gazi Osman Paşa), was an Ottoman Turkish field marshal. Being one of the most respected and decorated Ottoman pashas of all time, many songs have been written for him, and many places named after him. This is mainly because he held the Bulgarian town of Plevna for five months against superior Russo-Romanian forces in 1877 during the Russo-Turkish War, though the city eventually fell.

Field marshal
Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is the most senior military rank, senior to the general officer ranks.

Promotion to the rank of field marshal in many countries historically required extraordinary military achievement by a general (a wartime victory). However, the rank has also been used as a divisional command rank and as a brigade command rank.
Ruby Group
The Ruby Group of two 600 ton Fourth Rate vessels were part of the 1651 Programme. They were the two larger vessels. Initially five vessels were specified, three of 410 tons at 6.10.0d per ton and two of 600 tons at £7.10.0d per ton. The size of these vessels grew from the 1647 predecessors with 600 tonners being much broader. The two 600-ton vessels would be completed as 42-gun Fourth Rates.

Fourth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy, a fourth-rate was a ship of the line with two gun decks which mounted between 46 and 60 guns. They served in all conflicts the Royal Navy participated in during the early modern period until they were gradually phased out of active service during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, as their usefulness was declining; though fourth-rates often remained in service on distant stations such as the East Indies. Several fourth-rates were created by razeeing larger ships of the line, and occasionally from East Indiamen such as HMS Calcutta.
Baglioni family
The House of Baglioni is an Umbrian noble family that ruled over the city of Perugia between 1438 and 1540, when Rodolfo II Baglioni had to surrender the city to the papal troops of Pope Paul III after the Salt War. At that point, Perugia came under the control of the Papal States.

Descendants of the family exist to the present day, including the French branch of Baglion de la Dufferie, which once owned the Château de la Motte-Husson in the Mayenne department of France, which is the setting for the Channel 4 programme Escape to the Chateau.

Umbria
Umbria (/ˈʌmbriə/ UM-bree-ə; Italian: [ˈumbrja]) is a region of central Italy. It includes Lake Trasimeno and Marmore Falls, and is crossed by the Tiber. It is the only landlocked region on the Apennine Peninsula. The capital is Perugia. The region has 851,954 inhabitants as of 2025.

The region is characterized by hills, mountains, thick forests, valleys and historical towns such as the university centre of Perugia, Assisi (a World Heritage Site associated with St. Francis of Assisi), Terni, Norcia, Città di Castello, Gubbio, Spoleto, Orvieto, Todi, Castiglione del Lago, Narni, Amelia, Spello and other small cities.
Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte
The Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte is a Portuguese Catholic shrine in Tenões, outside the city of Braga, in northern Portugal. Its name means Good Jesus of the Mount.

This sanctuary is a notable example of Christian pilgrimage site with a monumental, Baroque stairway that climbs 116 meters (381 feet). It is an important tourist attraction of Braga.

On 7 July 2019, the Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte in Braga was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Tourism in Portugal
Tourism in Portugal serves millions of international and domestic tourists. Tourists visit to see cities, historic landmarks, enjoy beaches, or religious sites. As of 2024, Portugal had 29 million international visitors. In addition, there were 22,9 million trips made by Portuguese residents including overnight stays at local hotels.
The most popular destinations are Lisbon, Porto, the Algarve, the Portuguese Riviera, Madeira, Sintra, Óbidos, Nazaré, Fátima, Braga, Guimarães and Coimbra. The most popular with internationals were Lisbon region, the Algarve, the West and Tagus Valley region (Óbidos, Nazaré, Fátima), Northern Portugal (Porto, Braga and Guimarães) and Coimbra. National tourists prefer the Algarve and Northern Portugal, followed by Central region of Portugal.
The Colorado Springs School
The Colorado Springs School (CSS), on the estate formerly known as Claremont, is a private, nonprofit, college preparatory school serving pre-kindergarten to 12th grade in Colorado Springs.

The 28-acre (110,000 m2) campus is located on the former Claremont Estate, built in 1907 as the home of Charles and Virginia Baldwin. The main building, known as the Trianon (formerly called "Claremont"), is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The school is set in a residential neighborhood at the foot of the Rocky Mountains.

CSS is accredited by The Association of Colorado Independent Schools (ACIS) and is a member of the National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS).

Experiential education
Experiential education is a philosophy of education that describes the process that occurs between a teacher and student that infuses direct experience with the learning environment and content. This concept is distinct from experiential learning, however experiential learning is a subfield and operates under the methodologies associated with experiential education. The Association for Experiential Education regards experiential education as "a philosophy that informs many methodologies in which educators purposefully engage with learners in direct experience and focused reflection in order to increase knowledge, develop skills, clarify values, and develop people's capacity to contribute to their communities".  The Journal of Experiential Education publishes peer-reviewed empirical and theoretical academic research within the field.
1912 Hereford by-election
The 1912 Hereford by-election was held on 8 March 1912.  The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Conservative MP, John Arkwright.  It was won by the Liberal Unionist candidate William Hewins, who was unopposed.

Liberal Unionist Party
The Liberal Unionist Party was a British political party that was formed in 1886 by a faction that broke away from the Liberal Party. Led by Lord Hartington (later the Duke of Devonshire) and Joseph Chamberlain, the party established a political alliance with the Conservative Party in opposition to Irish Home Rule. The two parties formed the ten-year-long coalition Unionist Government 1895–1905 but kept separate political funds and their own party organisations until a complete merger between the  Liberal  Unionist  and the  Conservative parties was agreed to  in May 1912.
Lorenzo Baldassarri
Lorenzo Baldassarri (born 6 November 1996) is an Italian Grand Prix motorcycle racerwho is set to compete in the 2025 MotoE World Championship with Dynavolt Intact GP. Baldassarri recently raced in the Supersport World Championship, finishing runner-up to Dominique Aegerter in the 2022 standings, but is best known for winning the 2011 Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup.

Supersport World Championship
The Supersport World Championship, abbreviated to WorldSSP, is a motorcycle racing competition on hard-surfaced circuits, based on mid-sized sports motorcycles. Competition machines were originally based on production-based motorcycles with 600 cc to 955 cc engines, depending on the number of cylinders. After trials in UK national series British Supersport, from 2022 the regulations have changed to allow eligibility of larger-displacement engines, to reflect the engine sizes being produced and encourage different manufacturers.

The championship runs as a support class to the Superbike World Championship, which is similarly based on large production-based sports motorcycles. The championship, organized and promoted as its parent series by FGSport—renamed Infront Motor Sports in 2008—until 2012 and by Dorna from the 2013 season onwards, is sanctioned by the FIM.
Fulani-Mossi conflict
The Fulani-Mossi conflict, also known as the Peulh-Mossi conflict, refers to various attacks and massacres between Fulani pastoralists and Mossi farmers, predominantly located in Burkina Faso. The conflict is a subconflict of the jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso that began in 2015, although ethnically-motivated killings and attacks did not occur on a mass scale until the Yirgou massacre in 2019.

While anti-Fulani sentiment has driven conflicts in Nigeria and Mali for decades, the conflict between Fulani and Mossi groups have primarily been defined by Mossi makeup of pro-government Koglweogo groups, which comprise a majority of the Volunteers for the Defense of the Homeland. Fulani militants comprise a large portion of jihadist groups such as Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal-Muslimin and the Islamic State – Sahel Province, and Fulani civilians are often targeted by Mossi government forces in suspicion of being affiliated with these groups.

Anti-Fulani sentiment
Anti-Fulani sentiment is the hostility that exists towards Fulani people in Nigeria, Mali and other West African nations and the discrimination that they are subjected to as a result of it. The Fulani are a semi-nomadic ethnic group that is dispersed across several West African countries. Fulani people represent 6% of Nigeria's population.
Al-Afdal al-Abbas
Al-Afdal al-Abbas (Arabic: الأفضل العباس; r. 1363–1377) was a ruler of Yemen and a member of the Rasulid dynasty.

He was the son and successor of sultan al-Mujahid Ali. He produced a multilingual "dictionary" defining terms in Arabic, Persian, Turkic, Greek, Armenian, and Mongolian. He also took measures against extortion by local bureaucrats in the ports of the kingdom, thereby striving to maintain the attraction of Yemen in the eyes of foreign merchants. When he stayed in Aden one winter he was "dealing out measures of justice such are not usual. He gave robes of honour to the ship captains, and abolished many things recently introduced by the collectors of taxes. So the merchants departed recounting his praises and his abundant gifts in all quarters by land and by sea." At his death in 1377 he was succeeded by his son al-Ashraf Isma'il.

Middle Mongol
Middle Mongol or Middle Mongolian was a Mongolic koiné language spoken in the Mongol Empire. Originating from Genghis Khan's home region of Northeastern Mongolia, it diversified into several Mongolic languages after the collapse of the empire. In comparison to Modern Mongolian, it is known to have had no long vowels, different vowel harmony and verbal systems and a slightly different case system.
Trans,trans,trans-(1,5,9-Cyclododecatriene)nickel(0)
trans,trans,trans-(1,5,9 Cyclododecatriene)nickel(0) a organonickel compound with the formula NiC12H18, better known as t-Ni(cdt). It is a 16-electron coordination complex featuring trigonal planar nickel (0) bound to the three alkene groups in the cyclododecatriene ligand. X-ray structural analysis demonstrates that the three olefins adopt a propeller-like arrangement around the nickel atom center, making the structure chiral. This extremely air-sensitive deep red solid was the first discovered Ni(0)-olefin complex.

Coordination complex
A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.  Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes.
Sociology of literature
The sociology of literature is a subfield of the sociology of culture. It studies the social production of literature and its social implications. A notable example is Pierre Bourdieu's 1992  Les Règles de L'Art: Genèse et Structure du Champ Littéraire, translated by Susan Emanuel as Rules of Art: Genesis and Structure of the Literary Field (1996).

Lucien Febvre
Lucien Paul Victor Febvre (/ˈfɛvrə/ FEV-rə; French: [lysjɛ̃ pɔl viktɔʁ fɛvʁ]; 22 July 1878 – 11 September 1956) was a French historian best known for the role he played in establishing the Annales School of history. He was the initial editor of the Encyclopédie française together with Anatole de Monzie.