hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mbirurume River
The Mbirurume (also called Bilirume, Biruruma, Birurume, Bitirume) is a river in western Rwanda that is a tributary of the Nyabarongo River.

The Mbirurume rises in forested country in southern Rwanda to the east of the Congo-Nile Divide.
It originates in the extreme north of the Nyungwe National Park, in the Nyamagabe District.
It flows in a northeast direction, entering Karongi District and passes Mukungu to the west, then runs in a northeast direction along the border between Nyamagabe and Karongi districts. 
It then turns southeast shortly before meeting the Mwogo River from the left. 
The combined rivers form the Nyabarongo River, which flows northward along the eastern slopes of the Nile-Congo divide.

Congo-Nile Divide (Rwanda-Burundi)
The Congo-Nile Divide region of Rwanda and Burundi is a mountainous area in the southern section of the Congo-Nile Divide, to the east of the Albertine Rift.
The region includes the Nyungwe and Kibira national parks. The Bugoyi people live in the region.
Leipzig-Gohlis station
Leipzig-Gohlis (German: Bahnhof Leipzig-Gohlis) is a railway station located in Gohlis, a borough of Leipzig, Germany. The station is located on the Leipzig-Wahren–Leipzig Hbf and Leipzig–Großkorbetha railways. Passenger services are operated by DB Regio. Since December 2013 the station is served by the S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland.

DB Regio
DB Regio AG (German pronunciation: [deːbeː ˈʁeɡi̯o]) is a subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn which operates regional and commuter train services in Germany. It is a 100% subsidiary of the Deutsche Bahn Group and therefore part of the DB Regio business segment, which also includes DB Regionnetz Verkehrs GmbH and other independent subsidiaries headquartered in Frankfurt am Main.

The company as a mainly nationwide operational company is responsible for all regional transport activities (rail and bus) of the DB Group in Germany. This includes traffic in neighboring countries. DB Regio serves 310 lines with 22,800 trains and 295,000 stops every day, serving about ten million customers.
Grand National (Irish greyhound race)
The Grand National was a greyhound racing competition held annually at various tracks throughout Ireland.

The race was inaugurated in 1928 at Shelbourne Park and was shared between the two Dublin tracks of Shelbourne and Harold's Cross Stadium before being switched to the old Cork (Western Road) Greyhound Stadium just before World War II.

Kilkenny Greyhound Stadium hosted the race in 1960 & 1961 until Thurles Greyhound Stadium took over from 1962 to 1984. The competition returned to Shelbourne in 1985 for another 15 years but once again the nomadic race switched to Harold's Cross and was staged from 2001 to 2016 at the track. Following the closure of Harold's Cross, the event was switched to Cork in 2017.

It was the leading hurdle event in Ireland and an integral part of the Irish greyhound racing calendar. The event came to an end after the 2020 edition.

Greyhound racing in Ireland
Greyhound racing is a popular sport in Ireland. There are 17 stadiums operating in Ireland (two in Northern Ireland) of which nine are fully operated by Rásaíocht Con Éireann / Greyhound Racing Ireland (formerly named Irish Greyhound Board IGB,  Bord na gCon) with the remaining six owned and operated by private enterprise but licensed by GRI.

Most have modern facilities including grandstand restaurants and parimutuel betting tote system with on-course and off-course betting available. Leading events include the Derby, Easter Cup, Champion Stakes, Cesarewitch, Oaks, Laurels and St Leger.
Lisa Woollett
Lisa Woollett is a British writer whose work is about the sea, beachcombing and mudlarking. In 2016, she won the Non Fiction category of the International Rubery Book Award for Sea Journal. In 2017, she received 2nd prize in the Giles St Aubyn Awards for Non-Fiction for what would become Rag and Bone.

Beachcombing
Beachcombing is an activity that consists of an individual "combing" (or searching) the beach and the intertidal zone, looking for things of value, interest or utility. A beachcomber is a person who participates in the activity of beachcombing.

Despite these general definitions, beachcombing and beachcomber are words with multiple, but related, meanings that have evolved over time.
Nursing Inquiry
Nursing Inquiry is a quarterly peer-reviewed nursing journal. It was established in 1994 with Judy Parker (La Trobe University) as the founding editor-in-chief. Sioban Nelson (University of Toronto) succeeded Parker in 2006. It is published by John Wiley & Sons and the current editor-in-chief is Sally Thorne (University of British Columbia). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.393, ranking it 27th out of 124 journals in the category "Nursing (Science)" and 26th out of 122 in the category "Nursing (Social Science)".

La Trobe University
La Trobe University is a public research university based in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Its main campus is located in the suburb of Bundoora. The university was established in 1964, becoming the third university in the state of Victoria and the twelfth university in Australia. La Trobe is one of the Australian verdant universities and also part of the Innovative Research Universities group.

La Trobe's original and principal campus is located in the Melbourne metropolitan area, within the northern Melbourne suburb of Bundoora. It is the largest metropolitan campus in the country, occupying over 267 hectares (660 acres). It has two other major campuses located in the regional Victorian city of Bendigo and the twin border cities of Albury-Wodonga. There are two smaller regional campuses in Mildura and Shepparton and a city campus in Melbourne's CBD on Collins Street and in Sydney on Elizabeth Street.

La Trobe offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses across its ten schools.
BCF (retailer)
BCF or Boating Camping and Fishing is an Australian chain of retail stores selling a wide range of outdoor clothing and equipment. It is a subsidiary of Super Retail Group.

The company is the largest outdoor retailer in the Australia with over 160 stores nationwide, operating in every state and major territory.

Chain store
A chain store or retail chain is a retail outlet in which several locations share a brand, central management, and standardized business practices. They have come to dominate many retail markets, dining markets, and service categories in many parts of the world. A franchised retail establishment is one form of a chain store.  In 2005, the world's largest retail chain, Walmart, became the world's largest corporation based on gross sales.
Durso
Durso is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edwin Durso, American television executive

Joe Durso (1924–2004), American sportswriter

Joe Durso (handballer) (born 1955), American handball player

John Durso Jr., American communications consultant

Robert Durso (born 1959), Italian-American pianist

Rodney Durso, American contemporary artist and graphic designer

Robert Durso
Robert Durso is an Italian-American pianist, born in 1959. Mr. Durso was educated at the Peabody Conservatory, Indiana University Bloomington and Temple University. His principal teachers were Enrica Cavallo-Gulli, Harvey Wedeen, Edna Golandsky, Dorothy Taubman, and Rosalyn Tureck.
Process flowsheeting
Process flowsheeting is the use of computer aids to perform steady-state heat and mass balancing, sizing and costing calculations for a chemical process. It is an essential and core component of process design.

The process design effort may be split into three basic steps

Synthesis

Analysis and

Optimization.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Viviani's curve
In mathematics, Viviani's curve, also known as Viviani's window, is a figure-eight-shaped space curve named after the Italian mathematician Vincenzo Viviani. It is the intersection of a sphere with a cylinder that is tangent to the sphere and passes through two poles (a diameter) of the sphere (see diagram). Before Viviani, this curve was studied by Simon de La Loubère and Gilles de Roberval.

The orthographic projection of Viviani's curve onto a plane perpendicular to the line through the crossing point and the sphere center is the lemniscate of Gerono, while the stereographic projection is a hyperbola or the lemniscate of Bernoulli, depending on which point on the same line is used to project.

In 1692, Viviani solved the following task: Cut out of a hemisphere (radius ) two windows, such that the remaining surface (of the hemisphere) can be squared; that is, a square with the same area can be constructed using only ruler and compass. His solution has an area of  (see below).

Cylinder
A cylinder (from Greek  κύλινδρος (kúlindros) 'roller, tumbler') has traditionally been a three-dimensional solid, one of the most basic of curvilinear geometric shapes. In elementary geometry, it is considered a prism with a circle as its base.

A cylinder may also be defined as an infinite curvilinear surface in various modern branches of geometry and topology. The shift in the basic meaning—solid versus surface (as in a solid ball versus sphere surface)—has created some ambiguity with terminology. The two concepts may be distinguished by referring to solid cylinders and cylindrical surfaces. In the literature the unadorned term "cylinder" could refer to either of these or to an even more specialized object, the right circular cylinder.
Miss India Worldwide 2015
Miss India Worldwide 2015 was the 24th edition of the Miss India Worldwide pageant, held on 5 September 2015. The event was held at Lalit Hotel in Mumbai, India.

Monica Gill of the United States crowned her successor Stephanie Lohale of Oman at the end of the event.

Monica Gill
Monica Gill is an American model, actress and beauty pageant titleholder. She won the Miss India Worldwide 2014 on 21 June 2014. She is also Miss India USA winner on 26 November 2013 while serving as Miss India New England. In 2015, she participated in MTV India show India's Next Top Model.
Legacy of Harriet Tubman
Harriet Tubman (1822–1913) was an American abolitionist and social activist. After escaping slavery, Tubman made some 13 missions to rescue approximately 70 enslaved people, including her family and friends, using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad. During the American Civil War, she served as an armed scout and spy for the Union Army. In her later years, Tubman was an activist in the movement for women's suffrage.

Widely known and well-respected while she was alive, Tubman became an American icon in the years after she died. A survey at the end of the 20th century named her as one of the most famous civilians in American history before the Civil War, third only to Betsy Ross and Paul Revere. She inspired generations of African Americans struggling for equality and civil rights; she was praised by leaders across the political spectrum.

American Civil War spies
Tactical or battlefield intelligence became vital to both sides in the field during the American Civil War. Units of spies and scouts reported directly to the commanders of armies in the field, providing details on troop movements and strengths. The distinction between spies and scouts was one that had life-or-death consequences: if a suspect was seized while in disguise and not in his army's uniform, he was often sentenced to be hanged. A spy named Will Talbot, a member of the 35th Battalion, Virginia Cavalry, was left behind in Gettysburg after his battalion had passed through the borough on June 26–27, 1863. He was captured, taken to Emmitsburg, Maryland, and executed on orders of Brig. Gen. John Buford.
István Ballér
István Ballér or Balliér (Slovene: Števan Baler August 28, 1760 – April 2, 1835) was an ethnic Slovene Lutheran priest, dean of Zala and Somogy, and writer. He lived and worked in the Kingdom of Hungary.

Born in the Slovene March (Prekmurje) in the village of Lončarovci (then officially Gerőháza), he received his schooling in Őrség and Nemescsó and higher education in Sopron. He was a cantor and then teacher among the Somogy Slovenes in Kissomlyó, relocated to Porrogszentkirály in 1784, and was then dean of the county from 1805 onward.

Ballér strongly opposed the official replacement of Prekmurje Slovene by Hungarian in the 1830s. He wrote several hymns in the Prekmurje dialect of Slovene.

Slovene March (Kingdom of Hungary)
The Slovene March or Slovene krajina (Slovene: Slovenska krajina, Hungarian: Vendvidék, Szlovenszka krajina, Szlovén krajina) was the traditional denomination of the Slovene-speaking areas of the Vas and Zala County in the Kingdom of Hungary from the late 18th century until the Treaty of Trianon in 1919. It comprised approximately two-thirds of modern Prekmurje, Slovenia, and the modern area between the current Slovenian-Hungarian border and the town of Szentgotthárd, where Hungarian Slovenes still live. In Hungarian, the latter area is still known as Vendvidék, which is the Hungarian denomination for the Slovene March, while in Slovene it is referred as Porabje (literally, 'the area along the Rába river').

It should not be confused with the medieval Slovene (or Windic) March of the Holy Roman Empire which was located in the present-day south-east Slovenia, roughly in the areas of the regions of Lower Carniola, White Carniola and Lower Sava Valley.
Banter (radio show)
Banter is a radio programme that is broadcast on BBC Radio 4 in the United Kingdom, starring Andrew Collins and Richard Herring. The pilot and the first 2 series were broadcast from August 2005 to November 2006, and a third series was broadcast in April and May 2008. There have been 19 half-hour episodes so far. The programme normally takes the form of invited guests naming their "top threes" in a given category.

The series was devised by Tim Barber and is produced for Radio 4 by Avalon. A pilot for a television version under the name of "Rule Of 3" was recorded in October 2011 with Rebecca Front as host and team captains Russell Howard and Chris Addison.

Rebecca Front
Rebecca Louise Front (born 16 May 1964) is an English actress, writer and comedian. She won the 2010 BAFTA TV Award for Best Female Comedy Performance for The Thick of It (2009–2012). She is also known for her work in numerous other British comedies, including the radio show On The Hour (1992), The Day Today (1994), Knowing Me, Knowing You… with Alan Partridge (1994), Time Gentlemen Please (2000–2002), sketch show Big Train (2002), and Nighty Night (2004–2005).

Front has also been seen in a number of dramatic roles, including Chief Superintendent Jean Innocent in Lewis (2006–2014), Mrs. Bennet in Death Comes to Pemberley (2013), Mrs. Landau in The Eichmann Show (2015), Vera in Humans (2015), and Death in Paradise (2019). Her theatre credits include the musicals Company and The Fix at the Donmar Warehouse, directed by Sam Mendes.
Camí de la Retirada
Camí de la Retirada (Catalan: [kəˈmi ðə lə rə.tiˈɾa.də], Spanish: Camino de la Retirada) ("Path of the Retreat") refers to routes and paths in the eastern Pyrenees used by Republican exiles at the end of the Spanish Civil War. One of the best known paths, today signposted as a trail for hiking or biking, runs for 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from Molló to Prats de Molló via Col d'Ares at 1,513 metres (4,964 ft) above sea level. It is estimated that about 100,000 people of all ages used this path in January and February, 1939.

Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste
Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste (French pronunciation: [pʁats də mɔjo la pʁɛst] ⓘ; Catalan: Prats de Molló i la Presta) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France, near the border with Spain and the Autonomous Community of Catalonia. The name Prats-de-Mollo comes from Catalan "meadows of Molló". Molló is a town just across the border and the Col d'Ares. La Preste is a spa resort town that was a separate village but is now included as part of the municipality. Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste was the capital of the eponymous former canton. It forms part of the historical comarca of Vallespir and is part of Northern Catalonia. It is a member of Les Plus Beaux Villages de France (The Most Beautiful Villages of France) Association.
Subdued
Subdued (Persian: رگ خواب, Rag-e Khāb, lit. 'Weak Spot') is a 2017 Iranian romantic drama film directed by Hamid Nematollah and written by Masoumeh Bayat. The film stars Leila Hatami, Koroush Tahami, Elham Korda, and Leila Moosavi.

Cinema of Iran
The cinema of Iran (Persian: سینمای ایران), or of Persia, refers to the film industry in Iran. In particular, Iranian art films have garnered international recognition. Iranian films are usually written and spoken in the Persian language. Iran has been lauded as one of the best exporters of cinema in the 1990s. Some critics now rank Iran as the world's most important national cinema, artistically, with a significance that invites comparison to Italian neorealism and similar movements in past decades. A range of international film festivals have honoured Iranian cinema in the last twenty years.

Many film critics from around the world have praised Iranian cinema as one of the world's most important artistic cinemas.
S Muscae
S Muscae  is a classical (δ) Cepheid variable star in the constellation Musca about 2,600 light years away.

S Muscae is a yellow supergiant ranging between spectral types F6Ib and G0Ib and magnitudes 5.89 to 6.49 over a period of 9.66 days.  It is a luminous star around six times as massive as the Sun and 65.1 times the radius of the Sun. It is a binary star with a blue-white main sequence star companion likely to be of spectral type B3V to B5V with a mass of just over five solar masses, one of the hottest and brightest companions of a Cepheid known. The two stars orbit each other every 505 days.

S Muscae has been found to lie within the faint star cluster ASCC 69.

Yellow supergiant
A yellow supergiant (YSG) is a star, generally of spectral type F or G, having a supergiant luminosity class (e.g. Ia or Ib).  They are stars that have evolved away from the main sequence, expanding and becoming more luminous.

Yellow supergiants are hotter and smaller than red supergiants; naked eye examples include Polaris, Alpha Leporis, Alpha Persei, Delta Canis Majoris and Iota¹ Scorpii. Many of them are variable stars, mostly pulsating Cepheids such as δ Cephei itself.
Ümit Aydın
Ümit Aydın (born January 16, 1980) is a Turkish retired footballer who last played for Tepecikspor. Born in Istanbul, Turkey, he played defensive and center midfield. Standing at 183 cm. He played for Galatasaray, Adanaspor, Beşiktaş, Ankaraspor, Antalyaspor, Eskişehirspor, Kayserispor, Istanbulspor and now Bursaspor.

Eskişehirspor
Eskişehirspor Kulübü is a Turkish football club located in Eskişehir. Founded in 1965, Eskişehirspor competed in the top division of Turkish football for 16 years until they were relegated. After being out of the Süper Lig for 12 years the club won the TFF First League playoffs and were promoted in May 2008. Since being relegated from the Süper Lig in 2016 they have competed in lower leagues.
Dermot Murnaghan
Dermot John Murnaghan (/ˈmɜːrnəhən/; born 26 December 1957) is an English media personality, notable as a journalist, news reporter and television host. He has been a presenter for numerous networks, including at Channel 4, a news presenter at CNBC Europe, Independent Television News and BBC News. He presented news programmes in a variety of time slots from when he joined Sky News in 2007, until the end of February 2023. Murnaghan also presented the BBC quiz show Eggheads between 2003 and 2014.

CNBC Europe
Consumer News and Business Channel Europe (referred to on air simply as CNBC) is a business and financial news television channel which airs across Europe. The station is based in London, where it shares the Adrian Smith-designed 10 Fleet Place building with organisations including Dow Jones & Company. Along with CNBC Asia, the channel is operated by the Singapore-headquartered CNBC subsidiary company CNBC International, which is in turn wholly owned by Versant.

As the most viewed pan-European financial TV channel according to the 2010 EMS survey, the broadcaster reaches over 100 million households across the continent. CNBC Europe produces four hours of live programming each weekday and airs reports and content for its global sister stations and the outlets of NBC News.
Wehda Street
Wehda Street (Arabic: شارع الوحدة), also spelled Wihda Street, is a thoroughfare that runs through central Gaza City, more or less parallel with Omar Mukhtar Street. It branches west of the main Salah al-Din Road, which runs north–south through the Gaza Strip and opens into Nasser Street just before it ends at al-Shifa Hospital. Gaza landmarks Qasr al-Basha and the Sayed Hashem Mosque are situated off Wehda Street.

On 16 May 2021, Wehda Street was bombed by the Israel Defense Forces during the 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis, killing 44 civilians. Israel said the target was a Hamas tunnel underneath the street, and accused Hamas of using civilians as human shields. It said that the tunnel, which was the military target collapsed, causing nearby houses and their supporting structures to collapse as well and cause casualties, which was not the aim.

Human shield
A human shield is a non-combatant (or a group of non-combatants) who either volunteers or is forced to shield a legitimate military target in order to deter the enemy from attacking it. The 20th and 21st centuries had numerous operations that used involuntary human shields. Use of voluntary human shields have also had use, particularly with Mahatma Gandhi using the concept as a tool of resistance.
Jett8 Airlines
Jett8 Airlines Pte Ltd was a cargo airline based in Singapore, which was incorporated on 8 March 2005. It was the second Singapore-based airline to offer all-cargo flights after Singapore Airlines Cargo. It was a privately owned airline with strategic alliance partnerships with Nippon Cargo Airlines and NYK Line. Jett8 launched its inaugural flight on 23 June 2007 to Hong Kong.

Jett8 Airlines did not get its air operator's certificate (AOC) renewed by the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore when it expired on 31 May 2011 and has ceased operations. However, Jett8 managed to secure an AOC in August 2011, allowing it to continue to operate chartered flights for one more year.

Cargo airline
Cargo airlines (or air freight carriers, and derivatives of these names) are airlines mainly dedicated to the transport of cargo by air. Some cargo airlines are divisions or subsidiaries of larger passenger airlines.
In 2018, airline cargo traffic represented 262,333 million tonne-kilometres with a 49.3% load factor: 52.1% for dedicated cargo operations, and 47.9% within mixed operations (belly freight of passenger airliners).

Dedicated cargo airlines such as FedEx, UPS, and DHL, operate a fleet of cargo aircraft and handle the entire freight transportation process. Many airlines, like Emirates and Qatar Airways, have dedicated cargo divisions that operate their own fleet of cargo aircraft alongside their passenger operations. During the COVID-19 pandemic, airlines like American Airlines, Air Canada, and Delta Air Lines utilized their passenger planes, removing seats to create space for cargo, to meet the demand for freight transport.