hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bishops Waltham Branch LNR
Bishops Waltham Branch LNR is a  1.6-hectare (4.0-acre) local nature reserve in Bishop's Waltham in Hampshire. It is owned and managed by Hampshire County Council.

This site is a 1 kilometre (0.62 miles) footpath along the former railway line from Bishop's Waltham to Botley. The path is lined by trees such as oaks and field maples, and flowering plants including wood avens and herb robert.

The King's Way and Pilgrims' Trail pass through the site.

Hampshire County Council
Hampshire County Council (HCC) is the upper-tier local authority for the non-metropolitan county of Hampshire in England. The council was created in 1889. The county council provides county-level services to eleven of the thirteen districts geographically located within the ceremonial county of Hampshire. The county council acts as the upper tier of local government to approximately 1.4 million people. It is one of 21 county councils in England.

Whilst they form part of the ceremonial county of Hampshire, the two cities of Southampton and Portsmouth are unitary authorities, independent from Hampshire County Council. The county council comprises 78 elected councillors, who meet in the city of Winchester, which is the county town.

Since 1997, the council has been controlled by the Conservatives.
Mekhov Uezd
The Mekhov uezd (Russian: Меховский уезд; Polish: powiat miechowski) was one of the subdivisions of the Kielce Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Mekhov.

Miechów
Miechów [ˈmʲɛxuf] is a town in southern Poland, in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, about 40 kilometres (25 miles) north of Kraków. It is the capital of Miechów County. Population is 11,852 (2004). Miechów lies on the Miechówka river, along European route E77. The area of the town is 15 square kilometres (6 sq mi), and it has a rail station, located on the main railroad which connects Kraków with Warsaw.
Sandy Lam
Sandy Lam Yik-lin (林憶蓮; born 26 April 1966), is a Hong Kong singer and actor. Initially a DJ, she released her debut album Sandy Lam (1985) and established herself as a pop diva in the 1990s. She won the Golden Melody Award for Best Mandarin Female Singer twice for Her albums, Gaia (2012) and 0 (2018).

Hunan Television
Hunan Television (Chinese: 湖南卫视; pinyin: Húnán Wèishì) is a Chinese provincial satellite television station based in Changsha, Hunan province. Launched on September 29, 1970 and often nicknamed the "mango channel" (Chinese: 芒果台, due to the station's current logo), it is currently China's second-most-watched television channel, second to China Central Television's CCTV-1, although Hunan TV has occasionally overtaken CCTV-1 in ratings.

Owned by Hunan Broadcasting System, Hunan TV's signal covers most of China, including Macau, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.  It is also broadcast overseas as Hunan STV World in Japan, India, Nepal, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Tajikistan, Papua New Guinea, New Zealand, Fiji, Australia,  and parts of Africa, the Americas, and Europe. The channel has broadcast in high-definition since September 28, 2009. The appearance of its logo has resulted in the nickname of Mango TV.
Kim Yong-hyun (badminton)
Kim Yong-hyun (born 13 May 1978) is a badminton player from South Korea.

Kim competed for Korea in badminton at the 2004 Summer Olympics in men's doubles with partner Yim Bang-eun.  They had a bye in the first round and defeated Lars Paaske and Jonas Rasmussen of Denmark in the second. In the quarterfinals, Kim and Yim lost to Eng Hian and Flandy Limpele of Indonesia 15-1, 15-10.

Kim also competed in mixed doubles with partner Lee Hyo-jung. They had a bye in the first run and were defeated by Jens Eriksen and Mette Schjoldager of Denmark in the round of 16.

Badminton at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Badminton at the 2004 Summer Olympics was held at the Goudi Olympic Hall at the Goudi Olympic Complex from 14 August through 21 August. Both men and women competed in their own singles and doubles events and together they competed in a mixed doubles event.
NDTV
New Delhi Television Ltd (NDTV) is an Indian news media company focusing on broadcast and digital news publication. It was founded in 1984 by economist Prannoy Roy and journalist Radhika Roy.

NDTV began as a production house for news segments, contracted by the public broadcaster Doordarshan and international satellite channels when television broadcasting was a state monopoly, and transitioned into India's first independent news network. The company launched the first 24x7 news channel in partnership with Star India in 1998. In 2003, it became an independent broadcasting network with the simultaneous launch of the Hindi and English language news channels NDTV India and NDTV 24x7.

In 2022, the Adani Group, noted for its close ties with the BJP, acquired a majority stake in the company. Adani's takeover led many prominent members of the channel to resign, including Ravish Kumar.

State monopoly
In economics, a  government monopoly or public monopoly is a form of coercive monopoly in which a government agency or government corporation is the sole provider of a particular good or service and competition is prohibited by law. It is a monopoly created, owned, and operated by the government. It is usually distinguished from a government-granted monopoly, where the government grants a monopoly to a private individual or company.

A government monopoly may be run by any level of government—national, regional, local; for levels below the national, it is a local monopoly. The term  'state monopoly' usually means a government monopoly run by the national government.
Surduc Pass
The Surduc Pass (in Romanian: Defileul Jiului or Pasul Surduc, in Hungarian Szurdok-szoros) is a mountain pass in the Gorj and Hunedoara counties of Southwestern Romania, connecting the Petroșani Depression with Oltenia.

In Surduc Pass, the Jiu River divides two mountain ranges that belong to the Southern Carpathians: the Vâlcan Mountains to the west and the Parâng Mountains to the east.

In 1947, a road (national road DN66, part of the E-road E79) and a railway line were opened that connect Transylvania with Wallachia (the two other passes in the region are in the Timiș-Cerna Gap and the Turnu Roșu Pass). In August 2005, a national park with an area of 110 km2 (42 sq mi) was created in this pass.

The Romanian name of the pass derives from the Hungarian word "szurdok", which means "defile" or "canyon".

Southern Carpathians
The Southern Carpathians (also known as the Transylvanian Alps; Romanian: Carpații Meridionali [karˈpatsij ˌmeridi.oˈnalʲ]; Hungarian: Déli-Kárpátok) are a group of mountain ranges located in southern Romania. They cover the part of the Carpathian Mountains located between the Prahova River in the east and the Timiș and Cerna Rivers in the west. To the south they are bounded by the Balkan Mountains in eastern Serbia.
Ninja Taro
Ninja Taro, released in Japan as Sengoku Ninja-kun (戦国忍者くん), is an action-adventure video game for the Game Boy by NMK. It was released in 1991 in both Japan by UPL and North America by American Sammy and is part of the Ninja-kun series.

Sammy Corporation
Sammy Corporation is a Japanese developer and retailer of video game and gambling products and subsidiary of Sega Sammy Holdings, headquartered in Shinagawa, Tokyo. Sammy manufactures pachinko and pachislot machines, and it expanded into video game development in the 1990s with games such as Viewpoint, Survival Arts, and The Rumble Fish.

Sammy was founded as Sammy Industry on November 1, 1975 as a spin-off of the arcade division of Satomi Corporation. The company primarily dealt with slot machines and arcade cabinets in Japan. Sammy largely left the video game industry by the late 1990s to focus on its pachinko and arcade management operations. In 2004, the company merged with video game developer and publisher Sega to form Sega Sammy Holdings.
Caroline C. Ummenhofer
Caroline C. Ummenhofer is a physical oceanographer at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution where she studies extreme weather events with a particular focus on the Indian Ocean. Ummenhofer makes an effort to connect her discoveries about predicting extreme weather events and precipitation to helping the nations affected.

Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society
The Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society (AMOS) is an independent learned society that supports and fosters interest in Meteorology, Oceanography and other related sciences. AMOS was founded in April 1987 as a successor to the Australian Branch of the Royal Meteorological Society which at the time had existed for 15 years.
Puppet History
Puppet History is an American comedy game show YouTube series created by Shane Madej and produced by Madej, Ryan Bergara, and Steven Lim. The show premiered on January 10, 2020, on the Watcher Entertainment YouTube channel.

The show's premise sees a colorful puppet historian known as the Professor presenting a game show about one or two distinctive persons or events from history. The two contestants answer questions, and the Professor gives them points; the contestant with the most points wins the title of "History Wizard" and a hat. Before season six, the contestant with the most points won the title of "History Master" and a small trophy.

The show received an Honoree Award at the 2022 Webby Awards for a Science & Education Channel.

Webby Awards
The Webby Awards (colloquially referred to as the Webbys) are awards for excellence on the Internet presented annually by the International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences, a judging body composed of over three thousand industry experts and technology innovators. Categories include websites, advertising and media, online film and video, mobile sites and apps, and social.

Two winners are selected in each category, one by members of The International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences, and one by the public who cast their votes during Webby People's Voice voting. Each winner presents a five-word acceptance speech, a trademark of the annual awards show.

In its early years, the award was hailed as the "Internet’s highest honor" and was associated with the phrase "The Oscars of the Internet."
Harsefeld
Harsefeld (in High German, in Low Saxon: Harsfeld; literally horse field) is a municipality situated south-west of Hamburg (Germany). Harsefeld has a population of c. 12,500 and belongs to the district of Stade, Lower Saxony.

Harsefeld is also the seat of the Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") Harsefeld.

Samtgemeinde
A Samtgemeinde (German pronunciation: ['zamtgəˌmaɪndə] ⓘ, lit. 'collective municipality'; plural: Samtgemeinden) is a type of administrative division in Lower Saxony, Germany. Samtgemeinden are local government associations of municipalities, equivalent to the Ämter in Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, and Brandenburg, and the Verbandsgemeinden in Rhineland-Palatinate.
Gunnar Sauer
Gunnar Sauer (born 11 June 1964) is a German retired professional footballer who played as a central defender, most notably with Werder Bremen.

Over the course of 13 seasons (12 with his main club), he amassed Bundesliga totals of 134 games and eight goals despite being plagued by injuries which kept him out of action for long periods.

Sauer represented West Germany at Euro 1988, but did not gain an international cap.

Franz Beckenbauer Supercup
The Franz Beckenbauer Supercup or German Super Cup is an annual football match in Germany that features the winners of the Bundesliga championship and the DFB-Pokal. The competition is run by the Deutsche Fußball Liga (English: German Football League).
Battlecade Extreme Fighting
Battlecade: Extreme Fighting, sometimes referred to simply as Extreme Fighting, was a mixed martial arts promotion which hosted four events in the United States and Canada between 1995 and 1997. Although few events were held, a number of well known fighters competed for the promotion. Battlecade CEO Rick Blume is credited with coining the phrase mixed martial arts and the promotion was the first to implement weight classes in MMA.

Despite the number of fighters which the promotion was able to attract, Battlecade struggled financially and had trouble with authorities over the sanctioning of MMA bouts. Following the fourth and final Extreme Fighting event, General Media International, Battlecade sponsor and publisher of Penthouse, withdrew their financial support of the promotion. Additionally, cable television providers Tele-Communications Inc. and Request TV refused to air further Extreme Fighting events.

Tele-Communications Inc.
Tele-Communications, Inc. (TCI) was a cable television provider in the United States, and for most of its history was controlled by Bob Magness and John Malone.

The company was started in 1958 in Bozeman, Montana, as Western Microwave, Inc. and Community Television, Inc., two firms with common ownership. The companies merged in 1968 and operations moved to Denver, taking the name Tele-Communications Inc. It was the largest cable operator in the United States at one time.

After going public in 1970, the company grew rapidly, and became the top cable provider in the United States. After a failed merger attempt with Bell Atlantic in 1994, it was purchased in 1999 by AT&T, whose cable television assets in select markets were later acquired by Charter Communications, Cox Communications, and then Cablevision and Comcast Corporation.
Montaigne Visiting Torquato Tasso in Prison (Granet)
Montaigne Visiting Torquato Tasso in Prison is an 1820 painting by François Marius Granet, now in the Musée Fabre in Montpellier. It shows Montaigne visiting Torquato Tasso.

It was displayed at the Musée des beaux-arts de Lyon in its 2014 exhibition L'invention du Passé. Histoires de cœur et d'épée 1802-1850.

Musée Fabre
The Musée Fabre (French: [myze fabʁ]; Fabre Museum) is a museum in the southern French city of Montpellier, capital of the Hérault department.

The museum was founded by François-Xavier Fabre, a Montpellier painter, in 1825. Beginning in 2003, the museum underwent a 61.2 million euro renovation, which was completed in January 2007. It is one of the main sights of Montpellier and close to the city's main square, the Place de la Comédie. The museum's national importance is recognised by it being classified as a Musée de France by the Ministry of Culture.
Wamba, Kenya
Wamba is a small town in Samburu County in central Kenya. It is located south-southwest edge of the Mathews Range, and northwest of the Samburu National Reserve. The northbound Isiolo - Moyale road (A2 road) is about 40 kilometres drives east of Wamba.

Wamba town is the headquarters of the Wamba administrative division, which is divided into five locations, Wamba being one of them. The location has a population of 4,051 (1999 census).

Wamba forms an electoral ward of the Samburu East Constituency and Samburu County Council.

The town was featured in Episode 9 of Survivor: Africa.

Samburu National Reserve
Samburu National Reserve is a game reserve on the banks of the Ewaso Ng'iro river in Kenya. It is 165 km2 (64 sq mi) in size and is 350 km (220 mi) from Nairobi. It ranges in elevation from 800 to 1,230 m (2,620 to 4,040 ft). Geographically and administratively, it is part of Samburu County. It is owned and managed by the Samburu County Government.

In the middle of the reserve, the Ewaso Ng'iro flows through doum palm groves and thick riverine forests. It provides water to the wildlife in the reserve.

Samburu National Reserve was one of the two areas in which conservationists George and Joy Adamson raised Elsa the Lioness, made famous in the best-selling book and award-winning movie Born Free. The Elephant Watch Camp, of which Saba Douglas-Hamilton is director, lies within the park.
Samburu National Reserve is also the home of Kamunyak, a lioness famous for adopting oryx calves.
Fast Walsh–Hadamard transform
In computational mathematics, the Hadamard ordered fast Walsh–Hadamard transform (FWHTh) is an efficient algorithm to compute the Walsh–Hadamard transform (WHT).  A naive implementation of the WHT of order  would have a computational complexity of O().  The FWHTh requires only  additions or subtractions.

The FWHTh is a divide-and-conquer algorithm that recursively breaks down a WHT of size  into two smaller WHTs of size .   This implementation follows the recursive definition of the  Hadamard matrix :

The  normalization factors for each stage may be grouped together or even omitted.

The sequency-ordered, also known as Walsh-ordered, fast Walsh–Hadamard transform, FWHTw, is obtained by computing the FWHTh as above, and then rearranging the outputs.

A simple fast nonrecursive implementation of the Walsh–Hadamard transform follows from decomposition of the Hadamard transform matrix as , where A is m-th root of .

Recursion
Recursion occurs when the definition of a concept or process depends on a simpler or previous version of itself. Recursion is used in a variety of disciplines ranging from linguistics to logic. The most common application of recursion is in mathematics and computer science, where a function being defined is applied within its own definition. While this apparently defines an infinite number of instances (function values), it is often done in such a way that no infinite loop or infinite chain of references can occur.

A process that exhibits recursion is recursive. Video feedback displays recursive images, as does an infinity mirror.
BNS Surma (1974)
BNS Surma was an Ajay-class patrol vessel of the Bangladesh Navy. She was gifted by the Indian Navy in 1974.

Another vessel of Bangladesh Navy carrying the same name was built at Khulna Shipyard was commissioned into the navy in 2013.

Bangladesh Navy
The Bangladesh Navy (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ নৌবাহিনী, romanized: Bānlādeś Noubāhinī; abbreviated as BN) is the naval warfare branch of the Bangladesh Armed Forces, responsible for defending the maritime interests and territorial waters of Bangladesh. Operating under the Ministry of Defence, the Navy conducts maritime security, naval defense, surveillance, and disaster relief operations. Established after the 1971 Liberation War, the Bangladesh Navy has developed into a modern and professional force, actively participating in United Nations peacekeeping operations and regional maritime security initiatives. The Bangladesh Navy today is typically categorized as a green-water navy both domestically and internationally.
Joseph Moore (peace rider)
Joseph Moore (January 9, 1732 in Woodbridge, Middlesex, New Jersey – October 7, 1793 in  Amwell, Hunterdon Co., NJ), was notable as a Quaker peace negotiator sent to the talks between Native leaders of the Western Confederacy and American government representatives at Sandusky, Ohio, in 1793. The issue was whether or not American settlers would be allowed to settle west of the Ohio River.

Woodbridge Township, New Jersey
Woodbridge Township is a township in northern Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The township is a regional hub of transportation and commerce for central New Jersey and a major bedroom suburb of New York City, within the New York metropolitan area. Located within the core of the Raritan Valley region, Woodbridge Township hosts the junction of the New Jersey Turnpike and the Garden State Parkway, the two busiest highways in the state, and also serves as the headquarters for the New Jersey Turnpike Authority, which operates both highways.

As of the 2020 United States census, the township was the state's seventh-most-populous municipality, with a population of 103,639, its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 4,054 (+4.1%) from the 99,585 recorded at the  2010 census, which in turn reflected an increase of 2,382 (+2.5%) from the 97,203 counted in the 2000 census. Woodbridge was the state's sixth-largest by population in 2000 and 2010.
Swiss Maid
Swiss Maid (13 February 1975 – after 1992) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare, who was rated the best three-year-old filly in Europe in 1978. Unraced as a two-year-old, she won only one of her first eight races in 1978 and appeared to be some way inferior to the best horses of her generation. She then showed consistent improvement, winning her last four races of the season including the Sun Chariot Stakes and ended her year by decisively defeating a strong international field in the weight-for-age Champion Stakes. She remained in training as a four-year-old but failed to reproduce the form he had shown in the autumn of 1978. She made no impact as a broodmare.

Champion Stakes
The Champion Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Ascot over a distance of 1 mile 1 furlong and 212 yards (2,004 metres), and it is scheduled to take place as part of British Champions Day each year in October.
Basukinath railway station
Basukinath railway station (station code: BSKH) is a railway station at Basukinath city in Dumka district in the Indian state of Jharkhand on the Jasidih–Rampurhat section. It is in the Asansol Division of the Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. It has an average elevation of 207 metres (679 ft).

The railway line has single 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad gauge track from Jasidih junction in Deoghar district in Santhal Pargana division of Jharkhand to Rampurhat in Birbhum district of West Bengal. This railway track to Dumka is a boon for Santhal Pargana Division.

Deoghar district
Deoghar district (pronounced, Devo ka ghar) is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state in eastern India. Deoghar, the central city of the district, is also its administrative headquarters. This district is known for the Baidyanath Jyotirlinga shrine and is a part of the Santhal Pargana division. Deoghar is a Hindi word meaning abode ('ghar') of the Gods and Goddesses ('dev'). Deoghar is also known as "Baidyanath Dham", and "Baba Dham",.
Tanganika-Moero District
Tanganika-Moero District (French: District du Tanganika-Moero, Dutch: District Tanganika-Moero) was a district of the Belgian Congo from 1912 to 1933, when it was dissolved.
It roughly corresponded to the present Tanganyika Province and the northern part of Haut-Katanga Province.

Tanganyika Province
Tanganyika (Swahili: Jimbo la Tanganyika) is one of the 26 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo created in the 2015 repartitioning. Tanganyika, Haut-Katanga, Haut-Lomami and Lualaba provinces are the result of the splitting up of the former Katanga province. Tanganyika was formed from the Tanganyika district whose town of Kalemie was elevated to capital city of the new province.

The new province's territory corresponds to the historic Nord-Katanga province that existed in the early period of post-colonial Democratic Republic of the Congo between 1962 and 1966.
Indian Cardamom Research Institute
Indian Cardamom Research Institute(ICRI) is the research wing under Spices Board dedicated to Cardamom. Started in 1978 to undertake basic and applied research on small Cardamom. It is situated in Myladumpara, Idukki.To address location specific requirements, two Regional Research Stations were also set up at Sakleshpur in Hassan District of Karnataka and Thadiankudisai in Dindigul District of Tamil Nadu during 1980.

Spices Board of India
The Spices Board is the Indian government regulatory and export promotion agency for Indian spices headed by a Chairman, a rank equivalent to Joint Secretary to the Government of India. The board is headquartered in Kochi.
Buddy Hayes (baseball)
Melvin "Buddy" Hayes (March 7, 1894 – death date unknown) was an American Negro league catcher in the 1910s and 1920s.

A native of Nashville, Tennessee, Hayes made his Negro leagues debut in 1916 with the St. Louis Giants and the Chicago American Giants. He went on to play for several teams through 1924, including the Pittsburgh Keystones, Toledo Tigers Homestead Grays, Milwaukee Bears and Cleveland Browns.

Cleveland Browns (baseball)
The Cleveland Browns were a baseball team in the Negro National League, based in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1924.   In their only season, they finished with a 17–34 record in league play.

Their manager that year was Baseball Hall of Fame member Sol White.