hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nioclás Tóibín
Nioclás Tóibín (5 February 1928 – 19 September 1994) was a sean-nós singer from the Déise tradition of County Waterford in Ireland. Nioclás was the winner of the main competition at Oireachtas na Gaeilge (this award is now called Corn Uí Riada) consecutively from 1961 to 1963. This was the principal national singing prize in Ireland at the time.

Born in the Gaeltacht parish of An Rinn (Ring) in County Waterford. His father and mother, Séamas Tóibín and Maighréad Ní Sheanacháin, were well known singers in the sean-nós style who had inherited the tradition from their own parents. Nioclás was known to sing songs such as 'Ar Éirinn Ní Neosfainn Cé Hí', 'Na Connerys' and 'Róisín Dubh'.

County Waterford
County Waterford (Irish: Contae Phort Láirge) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Munster and is part of the Southern Region. It is named after the city of Waterford. Waterford City and County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county at large, including the city, was 127,363 according to the 2022 census. The county is based on the historic Gaelic territory of the Déise. There is an Irish-speaking area, Gaeltacht na nDéise, in the southwest of the county.
Krugloozyornoye
Krugloozyornoye (Kazakh: Круглоозёрное) is an urban-type settlement in the Oral City Administration, West Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhstan. Since 2013 it includes the nearby village of Serebryakovo (KATO code - 271039100). Population: 3,782 (2009 census results); 2,942 (1999 census results).

West Kazakhstan Region
West Kazakhstan Region is a region of Kazakhstan. As of 1 August 2025, it had a population of 695,900. Its administrative centre is Oral (also known as Uralsk), a city of about 250,000 inhabitants.

The region was created as West Kazakhstan Oblast in the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic during the Soviet-era. Between 1962 and 1992, it was named Uralsk Oblast. It was renamed in 1993 following the independence of Kazakhstan from the Soviet Union.
2016 Outer Critics Circle Awards
The 2016 Outer Critics Circle Awards winners were announced on May 7, 2016, recognizing excellence in Broadway and Off-Broadway productions during the 2015–16 season. Nominations were announced on May 9, 2016, with American Psycho and She Loves Me receiving the most nominations with 8 each. Bright Star and On Your Feet! followed with 7 nominations, and the Off-Broadway production of Dear Evan Hansen received 6 nominations. For plays, Eclipsed and Long Day’s Journey Into Night led the field with five nominations each.

Roundabout Theatre Company's revival of She Loves Me won the most awards of the night, with four including Outstanding Revival of a Musical. It was followed by Long Day's Journey Into Night, another Roundabout production, with three wins, including Outstanding Revival of a Play. Bright Star, Dear Evan Hansen and American Psycho won two awards each.

Eclipsed conformation
In chemistry an eclipsed conformation is a conformation in which two substituents X and Y on adjacent atoms A, B are in closest proximity, implying that the torsion angle X–A–B–Y is 0°. Such a conformation can exist in any open chain, single chemical bond connecting two sp3-hybridised atoms, and it is normally a conformational energy maximum.  This maximum is often explained by steric hindrance, but its origins sometimes actually lie in hyperconjugation (as when the eclipsing interaction is of two hydrogen atoms).

In the example of ethane, two methyl groups are connected with a carbon-carbon sigma bond, just as one might connect two Lego pieces through a single "stud" and "tube".  With this image in mind, if the methyl groups are rotated around the bond, they will remain connected; however, the shape will change. This leads to multiple possible three-dimensional arrangements, known as conformations, conformational isomers (conformers), or sometimes rotational isomers (rotamers).
Visa requirements for Malawian citizens
Visa requirements for Malawian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Malawi. As of 2025, Malawian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 72 countries and territories, ranking the Malawian passport 68th in terms of travel freedom according to the  Henley Passport Index.

Henley Passport Index
The Henley Passport Index is an annual global ranking of countries according to the travel freedom allowed by those countries' ordinary passports for their citizens. It was launched in 2005 as Henley & Partners Visa Restrictions Index and was updated to Henley Passport Index in January 2018. The index is updated on a quarterly basis to reflect changes in global visa policies.

The index annually ranks 199 passports of the world by the number of countries that their holders can travel to without requiring a visa. The number of countries that a specific passport can access becomes its visa-free "score". The data is obtained from the International Air Transport Association (IATA)'s Timatic documentation requirements database.
R241 road (Ireland)
The R241 road is a regional road in the north-west of Ireland. It is a coastal road on the eastern side of Inishowen, a peninsula in the north of County Donegal in Ulster. The road forms part of the Wild Atlantic Way. Part of the road is on the Inishowen Head Loop walking trail.

The R241 travels northeast from the R238 at Moville. The road travels along the western shore of Lough Foyle via Greencastle before ending near Inishowen Head at Shrove. The Shrove Lighthouses are located here. Originally built in the late 1830s, only the West Lighthouse remains operational. The R241 is 9.0 km (5.6 mi) long.

Wild Atlantic Way
The Wild Atlantic Way (Irish: Slí an Atlantaigh Fhiáin) is a tourism trail on the west coast, and on parts of the north and south coasts, of Ireland. The 2,500 km (1,553 mile) driving route passes through nine counties and three provinces, stretching from County Donegal's Inishowen Peninsula in Ulster to Kinsale, County Cork, in Munster, on the Celtic Sea coast.
Desirée Goyette
Desirée Goyette-Bogas (née Goyette) is an American singer, composer, lyricist and voice-over artist. She has been nominated for two Grammy Awards and has voiced such characters as Betty Boop, Barbie, Nermal, Petunia Pig, Honey Bunny and numerous others for radio, television and toys.

Petunia Pig
Petunia Pig is a cartoon character in the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of cartoons from Warner Bros. She looks much like her significant other, Porky Pig, except that she wears a dress and (since 1939) has pigtailed black hair.
Exponential stability
In control theory, a continuous linear time-invariant system (LTI) is exponentially stable if and only if the system has eigenvalues (i.e., the poles of input-to-output systems) with strictly negative real parts (i.e., in the left half of the complex plane). A discrete-time input-to-output LTI system is exponentially stable if and only if the poles of its transfer function lie strictly within the unit circle centered on the origin of the complex plane. Systems that are not LTI are exponentially stable if their convergence is bounded by exponential decay.
Exponential stability is a form of asymptotic stability, valid for more general dynamical systems.

Complex plane
In mathematics, the complex plane is the plane formed by the complex numbers, with a Cartesian coordinate system such that the horizontal x-axis, called the real axis, is formed by the real numbers, and the vertical y-axis, called the imaginary axis, is formed by the imaginary numbers.

The complex plane allows for a geometric interpretation of complex numbers. Under addition, they add like vectors. The multiplication of two complex numbers can be expressed more easily in polar coordinates: the magnitude or modulus of the product is the product of the two absolute values, or moduli, and the angle or argument of the product is the sum of the two angles, or arguments. In particular, multiplication by a complex number of modulus 1 acts as a rotation.

The complex plane is sometimes called the Argand plane or Gauss plane.
Somjibhai Damor
Somjibhai Damor (born 20 June 1940) is an Indian Adivasi politician from Gujarat. He was elected to the 6th Lok Sabha in 1977 from Dahod

constituency as an Indian National Congress candidate. He was re-elected to the Lok Sabha from the same constituency in 1980, 1984, 1989, 1991, 1996, and 1998. In the 1999 Lok Sabha elections, he was defeated by Babubhai Khimabhai Katara of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Ahead of the 2004 Lok Sabha elections Damor left Congress, which had refused him a ticket, and joined the Bharatiya Navshakti Party. Damor came third with 8.81% of the votes.

Later Damor joined the Nationalist Congress Party in 2005.

Damor is the president of the Akhil Bharatiya Adivasi Vikas Parishad.

Bharatiya Navshakti Party
Bharatiya Navshakti Party (Indian New Force Party), was a political party in India. BNP was active in the Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and the Adivasi areas in southern and central Gujarat. BNP was led by the Lok Sabha MP from Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Delkar Mohanbhai Sanjibhai.

Before launching BNP, Delkar had been involved in the formation of the Indian Federal Democratic Party together with the infamous Pappu Yadav.

In 2000 BNP contested the panchayat elections in Dadra and Nagar Haveli together with the Indian National Congress. The BNP-Congress combine won 10 of 12 seats in the governing body and 2/3 of all village councils.

In the 2004 Lok Sabha elections Delkar won as the candidate in the Dadra and Nagar Haveli seat. The party provides outside support to the UPA government at the centre.

The party was merged with Indian National Congress before 2009 General Election.
Philadelphia Association of Black Journalists
The Philadelphia Association of Black Journalists (PABJ), formerly the Association of Black Journalists (ABJ), is an organization formed in June 1974 to advocate for a fair representation of Black journalists in the city’s mainstream media. It was composed of journalists and television and radio stations.

Philadelphia Daily News
Philadelphia Daily News is a tabloid newspaper that serves Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The newspaper is owned by The Philadelphia Inquirer, LLC, and is published as an edition of The Philadelphia Inquirer.

The Daily News began publishing on March 31, 1925, under founding editor Lee Ellmaker. By 1930, the newspaper's circulation exceeded 200,000, but by the 1950s the news paper was losing money. In 1954, the newspaper was sold to Matthew McCloskey and then sold again in 1957 to publisher Walter Annenberg.

In 1969, Annenberg sold the Daily News to Knight Ridder. In 2006 Knight Ridder sold the paper to a group of local investors, and it later became part of Philadelphia Media Network (PMN) with The Inquirer. PMN was donated to The Philadelphia Foundation in 2016, and the Daily News became an edition of The Inquirer in 2019. The Daily News has won three Pulitzer Prizes.
Styazhkina
Styazhkina, or Stjazkhkina, is a Cyrillic surname. Notable people so named include:

Anna Styazhkina (born 1997), Russian chess player
Viacheslav Styazhkina, her father, also a chess player, covered at Anna Styazhkina

Olga Stjazhkina (born 1970), Russian chess player

Tetyana Styazhkina (born 1977), Ukrainian cyclist

Tetyana Styazhkina
Tetyana Styazhkina, also written as Tetyana Stiajkina, (Ukrainian: Тетяна Стяжкіна; born 10 April 1977) is a Ukrainian cycle racer who rides for the Chirio Forno d'Asolo team. She is a climber, featured in the Vuelta a El Salvador.

She competed at the 2000 and 2008 Summer Olympics.
Talking in Your Sleep (Lena Philipsson album)
Talking in Your Sleep (released on 5 May 1988) is an album from Swedish pop singer Lena Philipsson. It peaked at #10 at the Swedish album chart. On this album, she combines singing in Swedish and English.

Lena Philipsson
Maria Magdalena Filipsson (born 19 January 1966), known by her stage name Lena Philipsson (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈlêːna ˈfîːlɪpˌsɔn]), is a Swedish singer, songwriter and media personality. She represented Sweden in the 2004 Eurovision Song Contest, finishing fifth. In 2024, Philipsson was hired by Per Gessle as the female vocalist for Roxette's 2025 tour.
Alexander Balus
Alexander Balus (HWV 65) is an oratorio by George Frideric Handel, named after its title character, the Seleucid king Alexander Balas. The work has three acts and was written in English. The period of the story is from 150 B.C to 145 B.C. The libretto is by Thomas Morell after the biblical book of 1 Maccabees.

Fourth in a series of English military oratorios, following Joshua and the success of Judas Maccabaeus, celebrating the victories of the Hanoverian monarchy over the Jacobite uprisings, the work moves from celebrations of military success in the first act to personal tragedies in the last. Alexander Balus was composed in the summer of 1747 and premiered on 23 March 1748 at Covent Garden Theatre, London, with Caterina Galli singing the title role, Thomas Lowe as Jonathan, and Thomas Reinhold as Ptolemee. In 1754 Handel made a revision to his work and changed the leading role, the king Alexander, to a soprano instead of an alto.

Thomas Lowe (tenor)
Thomas Lowe (c. 1719 – 1 March 1783) was an English tenor and actor. He appeared at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane and at Covent Garden, and frequently performed in London's pleasure gardens. He was particularly associated with the works of Thomas Arne and George Frideric Handel.
Julia Chinyere Oparah
Julia Chinyere Oparah, formerly Julia Sudbury, is a faculty member at the University of San Francisco. She is also the founder of the Center for Liberated Leadership in Oakland, California. Oparah is an activist-scholar, a community organizer, and an intellectual focused on producing relevant scholarship in accompaniment to social justice movements. She has worked at University of California, Berkeley, University of Toronto, and Mills College prior to the University of San Francisco.

University of San Francisco
The University of San Francisco (USF) is a private Jesuit university in San Francisco, California, United States. Founded in 1855, it has nearly 9,000 students pursuing undergraduate and graduate degrees in 59 major programs. In addition to its main campus in the Golden Gate area, it has satellite campuses in downtown San Francisco, Orange County, Sacramento, San Jose, and Santa Rosa.
Joseph Gorrick
Joseph Albert Gorrick (6 July 1843 – 22 April 1921) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Wilberforce to farmer Jacob Gorrick and Elizabeth Maskie. Educated at Maitland, he became a solicitor's clerk and was admitted as a solicitor in 1868. Also in 1868 he married Cecilia Catherine Hillcoat, with whom he had seven children. He practised at Maitland from 1868, eventually setting up his own practice in 1871. In 1882 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Wollombi, but he was defeated in 1885. Gorrick died at Neutral Bay in 1921.

Neutral Bay
Neutral Bay is a suburb on the Lower North Shore of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Neutral Bay is around 1.5 kilometres (1 mile) north of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of North Sydney Council.

Neutral Bay takes its name from the bay on Sydney Harbour. Kurraba Point, formerly a locality in Neutral Bay, was declared a separate suburb in 2010, sharing the postcode 2089. Surrounding suburbs include North Sydney, Cammeray, Milsons Point, Cremorne and Cremorne Point.
Khamsin Pass
Khamsin Pass (69°29′S 67°45′W﻿ / ﻿69.483°S 67.750°W﻿ / -69.483; -67.750) is a pass at 750 metres (2,460 ft), running north–south between the Relay Hills and the Kinnear Mountains, southward of the Wordie Ice Shelf, Antarctic Peninsula. An important pass used by the British Graham Land Expedition, 1936–37, and subsequent parties, it allows easy access from the Wordie Ice Shelf into Palmer Land. It was named in 1977 by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in association with other wind names in the area, khamsin being the warm southerly wind in Egypt that comes from the Sahara.

Relay Hills
Relay Hills (69°29′S 68°0′W﻿ / ﻿69.483°S 68.000°W﻿ / -69.483; -68.000) is a group of low, ice-covered hills, mainly conical in shape, between Mount Edgell and Kinnear Mountains in western Antarctic Peninsula. First roughly surveyed from the ground by British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE), 1936–37. Photographed from the air by Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE), November 1947. Resurveyed by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), November 1958. The name, applied by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC), arose because both the BGLE and the FIDS sledging parties had to relay their loads through this area to the head of Prospect Glacier.
Basuki (comedian)
Agus Basuki bin Suwito Hadiwiryono (5 March 1956 – 12 December 2007), or mononymously known as Basuki, was an Indonesian actor and comedian. He was a member of the Indonesian comedy troupe, Srimulat. However, he became famous after appearing in the program, Si Doel Anak Sekolahan in the 1990s. He was also famous for creating a jingle called "Wes Ewes Ewes Bablas Angine" for a traditional medicine commercial.

Basuki collapsed following a game of futsal on 12 December 2007. He was rushed to Melia Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia, where he died at the age of 51 (heart attack).

Jingle
A jingle is a short song or tune used in advertising and for other commercial uses. Jingles are a form of sound branding. A jingle contains one or more hooks and meanings that explicitly promote the product or service being advertised, usually through the use of one or more advertising slogans.   Ad buyers use jingles in radio and television commercials; they can also be used in non-advertising contexts to establish or maintain a brand image.  Many jingles are also created using snippets of popular songs, in which lyrics are modified to appropriately advertise the product or service.
British Aircraft Eagle
The B.A. Eagle was a light aircraft manufactured in the United Kingdom during the 1930s. It was a three-seat low-wing monoplane built by the "British Klemm Aeroplane Company" (which later became known as the British Aircraft Manufacturing Co.) Production was limited, with 43 aircraft built.

Light aircraft
A light aircraft is an aircraft that has a maximum gross takeoff weight of 12,500 lb (5,670 kg) or less.

Light aircraft are used as utility aircraft commercially for small-scale passenger and freight transport; for sightseeing, photography, cropdusting, and other so-called aerial work roles of civil aviation; for the personal-use aspect of general aviation; and in certain aspects of military aviation.

Examples of aircraft that are at the maximum gross takeoff weight for this category include the de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter and Beechcraft B200 Super King Air.
History of candlelight rallies in South Korea
In South Korea, candlelight rallies, also referred to as candlelight struggles, candlelight revolutions, or candlelight cultural festivals are attended with a humorous props and banners along with candles. Candlelight protests are symbolic collective gatherings of political dissent in South Korea to combat injustice peacefully. This method of protesting began in 1992 for opposing the charging of online service. After that in 2002, as a result of the Yangju highway incident, then utilized in the rallies against the impeachment of Roh Moo-hyun in 2004, re-used again in the 2008 U.S. beef protests, and emerged in the 2016–18 President Park Geun-hye protests.

Yangju highway incident
37°51′28″N 126°56′56″E﻿ / ﻿37.857722°N 126.948972°E﻿ / 37.857722; 126.948972﻿ (Location of the Yangju highway incident)

The Yangju highway incident, also known as the Yangju training accident or Highway 56 Accident, occurred on June 13, 2002, in Yangju, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. A United States Army armored vehicle-launched bridge, returning to base in Uijeongbu on a public road after training maneuvers in the countryside, struck and killed two 14-year-old South Korean schoolgirls, Shin Hyo-sun (Korean: 신효순) and Shim Mi-seon (심미선).

The American soldiers involved were found not guilty of negligent homicide in the court martial, further inflaming anti-American sentiment in South Korea and sparking a series of candlelight vigil protests in protest of their deaths. The memory of the two schoolgirls is commemorated annually in South Korea.
Bluing (steel)
Bluing, sometimes spelled as blueing, is a passivation process in which steel is partially protected against rust using a black oxide coating. It is named after the blue-black appearance of the resulting protective finish. Bluing involves an electrochemical conversion coating resulting from an oxidizing chemical reaction with iron on the surface selectively forming magnetite (Fe3O4), the black oxide of iron. In comparison, rust, the red oxide of iron (Fe2O3), undergoes an extremely large volume change upon hydration; as a result, the oxide easily flakes off, causing the typical reddish rusting away of iron. Black oxide provides minimal protection against corrosion, unless also treated with a water-displacing oil to reduce wetting and galvanic action. In colloquial use, thin coatings of black oxide are often termed "gun bluing", while heavier coatings are termed "black oxide". Both refer to the same chemical process for providing true gun bluing.

Iron(III) oxide
Iron(III) oxide or ferric oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Fe2O3. It occurs in nature as the mineral hematite, which serves as the primary source of iron for the steel industry. It is also known as red iron oxide, especially when used in pigments.

It is one of the three main oxides of iron, the other two being iron(II) oxide (FeO), which is rare; and iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4), which also occurs naturally as the mineral magnetite.

Iron(III) oxide is often called rust, since rust shares several properties and has a similar composition; however, in chemistry, rust is considered an ill-defined material, described as hydrous ferric oxide.

Ferric oxide is readily attacked by even weak acids. It is a weak oxidising agent, most famously when reduced by aluminium in the thermite reaction.
Malleolar sulcus
The tibial malleolar sulcus, also known as the malleolar groove, is the smooth, vertical depression found on the posterior aspect of the medial malleolus. This groove is traversed by the tendons of the tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus muscles.

There are two malleolar sulci, medial and lateral. The medial malleolar sulcus is the posto-inferior groove just lateral to the medial malleolus on the distal part of the tibia.  It is where the tendons of the tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus course on their way to their insertions on the foot. The lateral malleolar sulcus is the posto-inferior groove on the distal part of the fibula.  The tendons of the peroneus longus and peroneus brevis course behind it on the way to their insertions on the foot.

Fibularis brevis
In human anatomy, the fibularis brevis (or peroneus brevis) is a muscle that lies underneath the fibularis longus within the lateral compartment of the leg. It acts to tilt the sole of the foot away from the midline of the body (eversion) and to extend the foot downward away from the body at the ankle (plantar flexion).