hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Planar algebra
In mathematics, planar algebras first appeared in the work of Vaughan Jones on the standard invariant of a II1 subfactor. They also provide an appropriate algebraic framework for many knot invariants (in particular the Jones polynomial), and have been used in describing the properties of Khovanov homology with respect to tangle composition. Any subfactor planar algebra provides a family of unitary representations of Thompson groups.
Any finite group (and quantum generalization) can be encoded as a planar algebra.

Finite group
In abstract algebra, a finite group is a group whose underlying set is finite.  Finite groups often arise when considering symmetry of mathematical or physical objects, when those objects admit just a finite number of structure-preserving transformations.  Important examples of finite groups include cyclic groups and permutation groups.

The study of finite groups has been an integral part of group theory since it arose in the 19th century.  One major area of study has been classification: the classification of finite simple groups (those with no nontrivial normal subgroup) was completed in 2004.
Gap Mountain (Alberta)
Gap Mountain is a 2,675-metre (8,776-foot) mountain summit located at the southern end of the Opal Range in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. The nearest higher neighbor is Elpoca Mountain, 2 km (1.2 mi) to the east. Gap Mountain is situated 5 km (3.1 mi) south of Mount Wintour, within Peter Lougheed Provincial Park. Gap Mountain is a conspicuous peak seen from Alberta Highway 40 at Highwood Pass. It is a popular climbing destination because it offers exposed scrambling on its eastern flanks with excellent summit views of Kananaskis Country.

Highwood Pass
Highwood Pass is a mountain pass in Kananaskis Country, Alberta, Canada. It lies west of Mount Rae and Mount Arethusa of the Misty Range, south of Elbow Pass. It lies within Peter Lougheed Provincial Park on Alberta Highway 40 (Kananaskis Trail). Kananaskis Trail runs through the pass and offers access to campgrounds and recreational areas. The Highwood River originates in the pass.
Kontek
The Kontek HVDC is a 170-kilometre (110 mi) long, monopolar 400 kV high-voltage direct current cable between Germany and the Danish island Zealand.  Its name comes from "continent" and the name of the former Danish power transmission company "Elkraft", which operated the power grid on the Danish islands Lolland, Falster and Zealand and had the abbreviation "ek". As of today, the cable is operated by Energinet.dk in Denmark and 50Hertz Transmission GmbH in Germany.

Kontek is remarkable because, in contrast to similar facilities like Baltic Cable and Konti-Skan, all land sections of the 119-kilometre (74 mi) onshore lines on Falster, Zealand and Germany are implemented as underground cable. This unusual measure, which raised the construction costs of Kontek significantly, was made for practical rather than technical reasons. Obtaining permission for building overhead lines can take a long time, and hence underground cables were used in order to ensure it was completed on schedule.

50Hertz Transmission GmbH
50Hertz Transmission GmbH, formerly named Vattenfall Europe Transmission, is one of four transmission system operators for electricity in Germany, and is wholly owned by Eurogrid GmbH, indirectly owned and managed by the Belgian transmission system operator Elia System Operator and Australian-based IFM Investors.  The company is a member of the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E).

The company has headquarters in Berlin and owns the high power network in eastern Germany as well as the area around Hamburg. It operates the 220 kV and 380 kV networks and has about 10,200 km of power lines covering about 30% of Germany by area. The company employs 1,043 employees.

On 12 March 2010, Elia System Operator and Industry Funds Management acquired 50Hertz Transmission from Vattenfall. The deal was approved by the European Commission on 10 May 2010.
Émile Amann
Émile Amann (4 June 1880, Pont-à-Mousson – 11 January 1948, Strasbourg) was a French historian of the Church.

After studying at the major seminary of Nancy, Émile Amann continued his training at the Catholic Institute in Paris. He was mobilized in 1914 and fought during the four years of First World War. After his demobilization, he joined the faculty of Catholic theology of the University of Strasbourg (re-founded after the return to France of the three departments annexed in 1870), where he taught the ancient history of the Church until his death.

He is notable for his collaboration with the Dictionnaire de théologie catholique, from 1922 to his death.

University of Strasbourg
The University of Strasbourg (French: Université de Strasbourg, Unistra) is a public research university located in Strasbourg, France, with over 52000 students and 3300 researchers. Founded in the 16th century by Johannes Sturm, it was a center of intellectual life during the Age of Enlightenment.

In the 1970s, the old university was reorganized into three distinct institutions, which were consolidated in 2009. The current University of Strasbourg comprises 35 academic faculties, schools, and institutes, as well as 71 research laboratories spread across six campuses, including the historic site in the Neustadt.

Throughout its existence, Unistra alumni, faculty, or researchers have included 18 Nobel laureates, two Fields Medalists and a wide range of notable individuals in their respective fields. Among them are Goethe, statesman Robert Schuman, historian Marc Bloch and several chemists such as Louis Pasteur.
Arrondissements of the Cher department
The 3 arrondissements of the Cher department are:

Arrondissement of Bourges, (prefecture of the Cher department: Bourges) with 128 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 170,322 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Saint-Amand-Montrond, (subprefecture: Saint-Amand-Montrond) with 115 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 61,114 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Vierzon, (subprefecture: Vierzon) with 43 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 68,137 in 2021.

Bourges
Bourges (/bʊərʒ/ BOORZH; French: [buʁʒ] ⓘ; Borges in Berrichon) is a commune in central France on the river Yèvre. It is the capital of the department of Cher, and also was the capital city of the former province of Berry. It is part of the Centre-Val de Loire region of France.
Hesk Fell
Hesk Fell is a hill in the south-west of the English Lake District, between the Duddon Valley and Eskdale near Ulpha, Cumbria. It is the subject of a chapter of Wainwright's book The Outlying Fells of Lakeland. It reaches 1,566 feet (477 m) and Wainwright's route, an anticlockwise circuit from the Birker Fell road, also visits The Pike at 1,214 feet (370 m). Wainwright admits that the fell "has many shortcomings" and that the view of Scafell Pike and its neighbours is "the only reward for the ascent".

Ulpha
Ulpha is a small village and civil parish in the Duddon Valley in the Lake District National Park in Cumbria, England. Historically in Cumberland, it forms part of the Cumberland unitary authority area. At Ulpha a road leaves the Duddon Valley to cross Birker Fell to the valley of Eskdale. In the 2001 census the parish had a population of 159, reducing at the 2011 Census to 128.

The name Ulpha is believed to have originated with the meaning of 'hill frequented by wolves'. The name was derived from the Old Norse words ulfr meaning wolves and haugr meaning hill.
Old Warden Aerodrome
Old Warden Aerodrome (ICAO: EGTH) is located 6 nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) east southeast of Bedford, in Bedfordshire, England. The privately owned aerodrome serves The Shuttleworth Collection, which contains a large working collection of vintage aircraft, cars, motor cycles and agricultural vehicles and equipment.

The airfield is home to the Cambridge Flying Group, who operate two de Havilland Tiger Moth aircraft, G-AHIZ and G-AOEI.

Bedford
Bedford is a market town in Bedfordshire, England. At the 2021 Census, the population of its urban area was 167,446. Bedford is the county town of Bedfordshire and seat of the Borough of Bedford local government district.

Bedford was founded at a ford on the River Great Ouse and is thought to have been the burial place of King Offa of Mercia, who is remembered for building Offa's Dyke on the Welsh border. Bedford Castle was built by Henry I, although it was destroyed in 1224. Bedford was granted borough status in 1166 and has been represented in Parliament since 1265. It is known for its large population of Italian descent.
Mouriscas
Mouriscas is a Portuguese freguesia ("civil parish"), located in Abrantes Municipality, in Santarém District. The population in 2011 was 1,832, in an area of 35.02 km2. The parish stands in the north bank of the Tagus River and borders the parishes of Concavada, Pego and Alferrarede. It also borders the Mação Municipality and Sardoal Municipality.

Mação
Mação (European Portuguese pronunciation: [mɐˈsɐ̃w] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Santarém District in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 7,338, in an area of 399.98 km².

The present Mayor is Vasco António Mendonça Sequeira Estrela, elected by the Social Democratic Party. The municipal holiday is Easter Monday.
Little Fur Family
Little Fur Family is a 1946 picture book written by Margaret Wise Brown and illustrated by Garth Williams. It tells the story of a little fur child's day in the woods. The day ends when his big fur parents tuck him in bed "all soft and warm," and sing him to sleep with a  bedtime song.

Margaret Wise Brown
Margaret Wise Brown (May 23, 1910 – November 13, 1952) was an American writer of children's books, including Goodnight Moon (1947) and The Runaway Bunny (1942), both illustrated by Clement Hurd. She has been called "the laureate of the nursery" for her achievements. Besides her real name, she also used the noms-de-plume Golden MacDonald for Doubleday and Company, Timothy Hay for Harper & Brothers and Juniper Sage (her collaboration with Edith Thacher Hurd) for William R. Scott, Inc.
Transport of Rockland
The Transport of Rockland (TOR) is the bus system for Rockland County, New York, providing service along major routes in Rockland County, as well as connections to Clarkstown Mini-Trans in Clarkstown, Spring Valley Jitney in Spring Valley, the Bee-Line Bus System in Westchester as well as connections to Rockland Coaches and Short Line Bus routes providing commuter and local service to Northern New Jersey and New York City's Port Authority Bus Terminal, George Washington Bridge Bus Station, 5th Avenue, and Long Island. Annual ridership in 2008 was 3,862,232.

Spring Valley, New York
Spring Valley is a  village in the town of Ramapo and Clarkstown in Rockland County, New York, United States. It is located north of Chestnut Ridge, east of Airmont and Monsey, south of Hillcrest, and west of Nanuet. The population was 33,066 at the 2020 census, making it the second most populous community in both Clarkstown and Rockland County, after New City.

Spring Valley spans the border of two towns, occupying an eastern portion of the town of Ramapo and a small western portion of the town of Clarkstown. The village is next to the New York State Thruway (Interstate 87) and is served by a New Jersey Transit train station at the terminus of the Pascack Valley Line.

Spring Valley is 22 miles (35 km) north of Manhattan and 5 miles (8 km) north of the New Jersey border.
Rayney baronets
The Rayney Baronetcy, of Wrotham in the County of Kent, was a title in both the Baronetage of Nova Scotia and the Baronetage of England. It was first created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia on 19 December 1635 for Sir John Rayney of Wrotham Place, Wrotham, Kent. He was then created a Baronet in the Baronetage of England on 22 January 1642, with the same territorial designation. Rayney's father John Rayney, of West Malling, was a merchant and Alderman of London who bought Wrotham Place which became the family seat. The first Baronet had been knighted at the Coronation of Charles I in 1626. He served as High Sheriff of Kent in 1646. On the death of the fifth Baronet in 1721 the English baronetcy became extinct while the Scottish baronetcy became dormant.

High Sheriff of Kent
The high sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown (prior to 1974 the office previously known as sheriff). Formerly the high sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now obsolete, so that its functions are now largely ceremonial.  The high sheriff changes every March. The current High Sheriff is Jonathan Neame.

This is a list of high sheriffs of Kent.
20 Greatest Hits (Beatles album)
20 Greatest Hits is a compilation album featuring a selection of songs by The Beatles that were number one singles in the UK and US. It was released on 11 October 1982 in the United States and 18 October in the United Kingdom and marked the 20th anniversary of The Beatles' first record release, "Love Me Do", in the UK in October 1962. 20 Greatest Hits was the last Beatles album to be released with variations between the U.S. and UK versions (some Beatles hits in the US were not released as singles in the UK, such as "Eight Days a Week" and "Yesterday"). There is an extremely rare 8 track tape version of this album, of which approximately 10 to 15 copies still exist today. Capitol Records decided not to release the album in the format, as 8 tracks were not selling well in late 1982. However, in early 1983, they made a few copies available through Capitol Special Markets.

The band's 2000 compilation album 1 is a combination of both versions of 20 Greatest Hits.

I Feel Fine
"I Feel Fine" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles that was released in November 1964 as the A-side of their eighth single. It was written by John Lennon and credited to the Lennon–McCartney partnership. The recording includes one of the earliest uses of guitar feedback in popular music.

The single topped charts in the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway and Sweden. In the UK, it was the fifth-highest-selling single of the 1960s, and the Christmas number one of 1964.
2019 Super GT Series
The 2019 Autobacs Super GT Series was a motor racing championship based in Japan for grand touring cars. The series is sanctioned by the Japan Automobile Federation (JAF) and run by the GT Association (GTA). It was the twenty-seventh season of the Japan Automobile Federation Super GT Championship which includes the All Japan Grand Touring Car Championship (JGTC) era and the fifteenth season the series has competed under the Super GT name. It was the thirty-seventh overall season of a national JAF sportscar championship dating back to the All Japan Sports Prototype Championship. The season began on April 14 and ended on November 24, after 8 championship races & 2 non-championship races.

As the culmination of a unified set of technical regulations adopted by Super GT and the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters (DTM), the two series staged a joint-promotion race, the Super GT x DTM Dream Race at Fuji Speedway.

All Japan Grand Touring Car Championship
All Japan Grand Touring Car Championship (JGTC) is a grand touring car racing series that began in 1993. Originally titled as the Zen Nihon GT Senshuken (全日本GT選手権), the series was renamed to Super GT in 2005. It was the top level of sports car racing in Japan.

The series was sanctioned by the Japan Automobile Federation (JAF) and ran by the GT Association (GTA). Autobacs has served as the title sponsor of the series since 1998.
Huronia Regional Centre
The Huronia Regional Centre (previously the Ontario Hospital School, Orillia, and initially the Orillia Asylum for Idiots) was an institution for developmentally disabled people operated by the government of Ontario, Canada between 1876 and 2009. After the closing of the school, and prompted by a class-action lawsuit, the government apologized for decades of neglectful abuse of the facility's residents and paid a settlement to surviving victims.

The Ontario Hospital School, Orillia served Central Ontario, including the Counties of Halton, Peel, York, Ontario, Simcoe and the Districts of Muskoka and Parry Sound.: 35

Central Ontario
Central Ontario is a secondary region of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario that lies between Georgian Bay and the eastern end of Lake Ontario.

The population of the region was 1,123,307 in 2016; however, this number does not include large numbers of seasonal cottage country residents, which at peak times of the year swell its population to well in excess of 1.5 million. Although it contains many small and medium-sized urban centres, much of Central Ontario is covered by farms, lakes (with freshwater beaches), rivers or sparsely populated forested land on the southern edge of the Canadian Shield.
Dystrophic calcification
Dystrophic calcification (DC) is the calcification occurring in degenerated or necrotic tissue, as in hyalinized scars, degenerated foci in leiomyomas, and caseous nodules. This occurs as a reaction to tissue damage, including as a consequence of medical device implantation. Dystrophic calcification can occur even if the amount of calcium in the blood is not elevated, in contrast to metastatic calcification, which is a consequence of a systemic mineral imbalance, including hypercalcemia and/or hyperphosphatemia, that leads to calcium deposition in healthy tissues.  In dystrophic calcification, basophilic calcium salt deposits aggregate, first in the mitochondria, then progressively throughout the cell.  These calcifications are an indication of previous microscopic cell injury, occurring in areas of cell necrosis when activated phosphatases bind calcium ions to phospholipids in the membrane.

Leiomyoma
A leiomyoma, also known as a fibroid, is a benign smooth muscle tumor that very rarely becomes cancer (0.1%). They can occur in any organ, but the most common forms occur in the uterus, small bowel, and the esophagus. Polycythemia may occur due to increased erythropoietin production as part of a paraneoplastic syndrome.

The word is from leio- + myo- + -oma, 'smooth-muscle tumor'. The plural form can be either the English leiomyomas or the classical leiomyomata.
Hockey Premier League
The Hockey Premier League (HPL) (Russian: Хоккейная премьер-лига) is a proposed international professional ice hockey league that is due to launch in time for the 2016–17 season. The teams within the HPL will act as affiliate teams to those in the KHL, in much the same way that teams in the AHL are farm teams to those in the NHL.

Some KHL teams have already agreed to operate a farm team within the HPL in this league, Dinamo Riga amongst them, therefore those teams' affiliates should leave the VHL to join this new league. As the KHL playoffs are still underway, there have been no other official statements regarding this league, however, it is rumored that the new league will contain between 18 and 22 teams.

As of May 18, it seems that the proposed league will not take place after all. Dmitry Kurbatov Executive Director of the Ice Hockey Federation of Russia stated that the league will not be held, and that the VHL be consist of between 24 and 26 teams for the upcoming season.

Dinamo Riga
Dinamo Riga (Latvian: Rīgas Dinamo) was a professional ice hockey team based in Riga, Latvia. It most recently was a member of the Latvian Hockey Higher League. The club is affiliated with HK Zemgale/LBTU.

The club was re-founded on 7 April 2008 as a successor of a former team (also named "Dinamo Riga"), which was founded in 1946, but ceased to exist in 1995. Since being re-established, Dinamo Riga played their home games at the Arēna Rīga until 2022, which could accommodate 10,300 spectators.
Tomás Pablo Elorza
Tomás Pablo Elorza (30 October 1921 – 1 December 1999) was a Chilean politician and architect who served as President of the Senate of Chile.

He invested to Salvador Allende with the presidential band when he was elected.

Pablo Elorza was married to Ester Roa Rebolledo, mayor of Concepción (1956−1963) whose name the Estadio Municipal de Concepción was baptized.

A well regarded article that he wrote was «Aylwin, the word of a democrat».

Senate of Chile
33°02′52″S 71°36′21″W﻿ / ﻿33.04778°S 71.60583°W﻿ / -33.04778; -71.60583

The Senate of the Republic of Chile is the upper house of Chile's bicameral National Congress, as established in the current Constitution of Chile.
History of Chiloé
The history of Chiloé, an archipelago in Chile's south, has been marked by its geographic and political isolation. The archipelago has been described by Renato Cárdenas, historian at the Chilean National Library, as “a distinct enclave, linked more to the sea than the continent, a fragile society with a strong sense of solidarity and a deep territorial attachment.”

National Library of Chile
The National Library of Chile (Spanish: Biblioteca Nacional de Chile) is the national library of Chile. It is located on the Avenida Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins in Santiago, in a building completed in 1925, though its history reaches to the early nineteenth century before it was relocated to its current home.
The Shirelles and King Curtis Give a Twist Party
The Shirelles and King Curtis Give a Twist Party is a 1962 collaborative album between American blues and rhythm and blues saxophonist King Curtis and girl group The Shirelles. In 1968, the album was re-released as Eternally Soul.

Luther Dixon
Luther Dixon (August 7, 1931 – October 22, 2009) was an American songwriter, record producer, and singer. Dixon's songs achieved their greatest success in the 1950s and 1960s, and were recorded by Elvis Presley, the Beatles, the Jackson 5, B.B. King, Jerry Lee Lewis, Dusty Springfield, Jimmy Reed and others. As a producer, Dixon helped create the signature sound of the girl group the Shirelles.
José Isabel Trejo
José Isabel Trejo Reyes (born 9 April 1959) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PAN. As of 2013 he served as Deputy of both the LIX and LXII Legislatures of the Mexican Congress representing Zacatecas. He also served as Senator during the LX and LXI Legislatures.

LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXI Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 61st session of the Congress of Mexico, met from 1 September 2009 to 31 August 2012. Members of the upper house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2006 while members of the lower house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2009.
Hieracium paniculatum
Hieracium paniculatum, the Allegheny hawkweed, is a North American plant species in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae. It grows only in the eastern United States and eastern Canada, from Nova Scotia west to Ontario, Michigan, and Indiana south as far as Georgia.

Hieracium paniculatum is an herb up to 90 cm (3.0 ft) tall, with leaves mostly on the stem with only a few in a rosette at the bottom. Leaves are up to 150 mm (5.9 in) long, sometimes with teeth on the edges. One stalk can sometimes produce as many as 50 flower heads in a flat-topped array. Each head has 8-30 yellow ray flowers but no disc flowers.

Cichorieae
The Cichorieae (also called Lactuceae) are a tribe in the plant family Asteraceae that includes 93 genera, more than 1,600 sexually reproductive species and more than 7,000 apomictic species. They are found primarily in temperate regions of the Eastern Hemisphere. Cichorieae all have milky latex and flowerheads that only contain one type of floret. The genera Gundelia and Warionia only have disk florets, while all other genera only have ligulate florets. The genera that contain most species are Taraxacum (Crepidinae subtribe) with about 1,600 apomictic species, Hieracium with about 770 sexually reproducing and 5,200 apomictic species, and Pilosella with 110 sexually reproducing and 700 apomictic species (both Hieraciinae). Well-known members include lettuce, chicory, dandelion, and salsify.