hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Issa Pliyev
Issa Alexandrovich Pliyev (also spelled as Pliev; Ossetian: Плиты Алыксандры фырт Иссæ; Russian: Исса́ Алекса́ндрович Пли́ев; 25 November [O.S. 12 November] 1903 — 6 February 1979) was a Soviet military commander. Pliyev rose to become the premier cavalry general of the Soviet Army. He became Army General (1962), twice Hero of the Soviet Union (16 April 1944 and 8 September 1945), Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic (1971).

During World War II, Pliyev commanded several mechanized cavalry units, ranging from regiments to army corps. The military historians David Glantz and Jonathan House described Pliyev as a "great practitioner of cavalry operations in adverse terrain". However, Pliyev became known in the West largely for his involvement in the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Ossetian language
Ossetian (/ɒˈsɛtiən/ o-SET-ee-ən, /ɒˈsiːʃən/ o-SEE-shən, /oʊˈsiːʃən/ oh-SEE-shən), commonly referred to as Ossetic and rarely as Ossete, is an Eastern Iranian language that is spoken predominantly in Ossetia, a region situated on both sides of the Russian-Georgian border in the Greater Caucasus region. It is the native language of the Ossetian people, and a relative and possibly a descendant of the extinct Scythian, Sarmatian, and Alanic languages.

The northern half of the Ossetian region is part of Russia and is known as North Ossetia–Alania, while the southern half is part of the de facto country of South Ossetia (recognized by the United Nations as Russian-occupied territory that is de jure part of Georgia). Ossetian-speakers number about 614,350, with 451,000 recorded in Russia per the 2010 Russian census.

Despite Ossetian being the official languages of both North and South Ossetia, since 2009 UNESCO has listed Ossetian as "vulnerable".
Sona Tata Condé
Sona Tata Condé is an internationally recognised  Guinean musician. Sona Tata is a member of the Mandinka ethnic group. Sona Tata is widely popular in Guinea, especially in the capital Conakry. Sona Tata Condé recorded her afro-pop album Simbo which is named after her husband, in 2007. The title track, Simbo, is a love song to her husband and like many of her other songs, is not only sung in her native Malinke, but in other languages used in Guinea's capital, Conakry, including the Fula, Susu, French and English languages. .

Maninka language
Maninka (also known as Malinke), or more precisely Eastern Maninka, is the name of several closely related languages and dialects of the southeastern Manding subgroup of the Mande language family (itself, possibly linked to the Niger–Congo phylum). It is the mother tongue of the Malinké people in Guinea, where it is spoken by 3.1 million people and is the main language in the Upper Guinea region, and in Mali, where the closely related Bambara is a national language, as well as in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Ivory Coast, where it has no official status. It was the language of court and government during the Mali Empire.
1957–58 Queens Park Rangers F.C. season
The 1957–58 Queens Park Rangers season was the club's 67th season of existence and their 6th back in the Football League Third Division following their relegation in the 1951–52 season. QPR finished 10th in their league campaign, and were eliminated in the third round of the FA Cup. Their 10th place finish in the league qualified the club for the following season's football league merge of division three north and south teams into divisions three and four.

Goalkeeper Ron Springett was sold to first division side Sheffield Wednesday for £10,000 late in the season - within 18 months he was selected to play for England.

1951–52 Queens Park Rangers F.C. season
The 1951-52 Queens Park Rangers season was the club's 61st season of existence and their 4th in the Football League Second Division. QPR finished 22nd in their league campaign, being relegated back to the Football League Third Division, and were eliminated in the third round of the FA Cup.
Big Fun (Shalamar album)
Big Fun is the third album by the American musical group Shalamar, released in 1979 through SOLAR Records. Big Fun was produced by Leon Sylvers III and  is the first album to feature what is considered the 'classic' Shalamar line-up (Jeffrey Daniel, Howard Hewett and Jody Watley), with Hewett having replaced Gerald Brown. The album features the group's most successful hit on the Hot 100 pop chart, "The Second Time Around".

Big Fun has been certified Gold in the United States for sales of over 500,000.  It peaked at #4 on the R&B chart and #23 on the Billboard chart (Shalamar's highest-placing album on this chart).  In the UK it reached #45.

In 2002, Big Fun was re-released by Sanctuary Records in the United Kingdom in a two-for-one CD format with Shalamar's following album Three for Love.

The song "I Owe You One" was sampled in Raw Man's "Beautiful", and Le Knight Club's "Mosquito".

Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo
Guillaume Emmanuel "Guy-Manuel" de Homem-Christo (French pronunciation: [ɡi(jom e)manɥɛl də ɔmɛm kʁisto]; born 8 February 1974) is a French musician and record producer. He is known as one half of the former French house music duo Daft Punk, along with Thomas Bangalter. He has produced several works from his now-defunct record label Crydamoure with label co-owner Éric Chedeville.
Loss given default
Loss given default or LGD is the share of an asset that is lost if a borrower defaults.

It is a common parameter in risk models and also a parameter used in the calculation of economic capital, expected loss or regulatory capital under Basel II for a banking institution. This is an attribute of any exposure on bank's client. Exposure is the amount that one may lose in an investment.

The LGD is closely linked to the expected loss, which is defined as the product of the LGD, the probability of default (PD) and the exposure at default (EAD).

Capital requirement
A capital requirement (also known as regulatory capital, capital adequacy or capital base) is the amount of capital a bank or other financial institution has to have as required by its financial regulator. This is usually expressed as a capital adequacy ratio of equity as a percentage of risk-weighted assets. These requirements are put into place to ensure that these institutions do not take on excess leverage and risk becoming insolvent. Capital requirements govern the ratio of equity to debt, recorded on the liabilities and equity side of a firm's balance sheet. They should not be confused with reserve requirements, which govern the assets side of a bank's balance sheet—in particular, the proportion of its assets it must hold in cash or highly-liquid assets. Capital is a source of funds, not a use of funds.

From the 1880s to the end of the First World War, the capital-to-assets ratios globally declined sharply, before remaining relatively steady during the 20th century.
Firedoglake
Firedoglake (abbreviated as FDL) was an American collaborative blog that described itself as a "leading progressive news site, online community, and action organization".  Established by film producer Jane Hamsher in 2004, Firedoglake served as a platform for Hamsher, other writers and commenters to engage in debate and activism. Hamsher shut down Firedoglake on August 1, 2015, citing health reasons, and announced that all posts would be archived at the Shadowproof website, which was launched that year by former staff members. Shadowproof describes itself as "a press organization driven to expose systemic abuses of power in business and government while developing a model for independent journalism that supports a diverse range of young freelance writers and contributors."

Healthcare reform in the United States
Healthcare reform in the United States is the comprehensive change in the law and conduct of the healthcare system in the United States. Reforms have often been proposed but have rarely been accomplished. In 2010, landmark reform was passed through two federal statutes: the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), signed March 23, 2010, and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (H.R. 4872), which amended the PPACA and became law on March 30, 2010.

Future reforms of the American health care system continue to be proposed, with notable proposals including a single-payer system and a reduction in fee-for-service medical care. The PPACA includes a new agency, the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation (CMS Innovation Center), which is intended to research reform ideas through pilot projects.
House of Sundarakul na Jolburi
Sundarakul na Jolburi (Thai: สุนทรกุล ณ ชลบุรี) is a Thai family which traces its ancestry to His Highness prince Reuang, The Prince Sundarabhubet or Krom Khun (prince of the second class) Sundarabhubet (กรมขุนสุนทรภูเบศร์) of Siam.

His Highness prince Reuang, The Prince Sundarabhubet was a Chonburi-commoner by birth, later elevated to princely status by King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I)'s royal command. He did not have royal blood, but became sworn brothers with the Front Palace Prince Maha Sura Singhanat, the king's younger brother, hence the royal grant of the Thai nobiliary particle "na". The family name was one of many formally granted by King Vajiravudh, (Rama VI, r. 1910–1925.)

Rama (Kings of Thailand)
All kings in the current Chakri dynasty of Thailand are often referred to as King Rama in the English speaking world. The name Rama was adopted from the name of the Hindu God Rama, an avatar of Vishnu.

The use of the name "King Rama nth" is in line with Thai practice of giving numbers to the king in the current dynasty. However, the translation was not exact and can give rise to some confusion as to whether this was actually the name adopted by the king on his coronation.
Mount William stone axe quarry
The Mount William stone axe quarry (traditionally known as Wil-im-ee moor-ing) is an Aboriginal Australian archaeological site in Central Victoria, Australia.  It is located 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) northeast of Lancefield, off Powells Track, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of Romsey and 78 kilometres (48 mi) from Melbourne. Known as Wil-im-ee moor-ring, meaning "axe place" in the Woiwurrung language, the greenstone quarry was an important source of raw material for the manufacture of greenstone ground-edge axes, which were traded over a wide area of south-east Australia.

Romsey, Victoria
Romsey /ˈrɒmzi/ is a town in the local government area of the Shire of Macedon Ranges in the state of Victoria, Australia. The town is 61 kilometres (38 mi) north of Melbourne. As of the 2021 Census, Romsey had a population of 4,934.
Sclerophrys regularis
Sclerophrys regularis, commonly known as the African common toad, square-marked toad, African toad, Egyptian toad, African bouncing toad (due to the bouncing motion) and Reuss's toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is found widely in the Subsaharan Africa, with its range extending to the oases in Algeria and Libya as well as to northern Nilotic Egypt. Specifically, it is found in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, and Uganda.

True toad
A true toad is any member of the family Bufonidae, in the order Anura (frogs and toads). This is the only family of anurans in which all members are known as toads, although some may be called frogs (such as harlequin frogs). The bufonids now comprise more than 35 genera, Bufo being the best known.
Deivapiravi (1985 film)
Deivapiravi (transl. Noble Soul) is a 1985 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by R. Krishnamoorthy, starring Mohan, Radhika, and Urvashi. It is a remake of the Telugu film Devatha (1982). The film was released on 14 April 1985 and ran for one-hundred days in theatres.

Mohan (actor)
Mohan (born 10 May 1956) is an Indian actor, known for his works predominantly in Tamil cinema. Besides Tamil films, he has also acted in some Telugu, Kannada and Malayalam films. Mohan is also known as "Kokila Mohan" after his debut film Kokila (1977), and "Mic Mohan" from numerous roles playing singers using microphones. In 1982, he received the Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Actor for his work in Payanangal Mudivathillai. One of the most successful Tamil film stars of the 1980s, he faced career setbacks in the 1990s and his film appearances have been intermittent since.
Widdringtonia whytei
Widdringtonia whytei, the Mulanje cedar or Mulanje cypress, is a species of conifer native to Malawi, where it is endemic to the Mulanje Massif at altitudes of 1,830–2,550 m. It has become endangered as a result of over-harvesting for its wood, and an increase in the frequency of wildfires due to human activity.

Mulanje Mountain Conservation Trust
The Mulanje Mountain Conservation Trust (MMCT) is a conservation trust in Malawi. Local conservationists founded MMCT as a non- governmental organisation with support from the UK’s Department for International Development (DfID), the World Bank, and Global Environment Facility (GEF)  in 2000. In 2005, it was renamed a Conservation Trust Fund. The trust is based in Mulanje of Southern Region, Malawi and it is funded by the World Bank through the Global Environment Facility.

The trust was partnered with the United States Agency for International Development.
Ferran (surname)
Ferran or Ferrán is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anne Ferran (born 1949), Australian photographer

Augusto Ferrán (1835–1880), Spanish poet

Eilís Ferran (born 1962), Northern Irish legal scholar, solicitor and academic administrator

Francis Ferran (died 1923), Irish politician

Gerardo Díaz Ferrán (born 1942), Spanish businessman

Gil de Ferran (born 1967), French-born Brazilian racing driver and team owner

Javier Ferrán (born 1956), Spanish businessman

Kim Ferran (born 1958), British speed skater

Pascale Ferran (born 1960), French film director and screenwriter

Patsy Ferran (born 1989), Spanish-British actress

Vilma Ferrán (1940–2014), Argentine actress

Ferran Torres (born 2000) Spanish professional footballer who plays for La Liga club Barcelona and the Spain national team.

Vilma Ferrán
Vilma Ferrán (30 October 1940 – 14 July 2014) was an Argentine movie and television actress. She was known for her roles in Animalada and in Dormir al sol.2. She was also known for her television roles in Son de Fierro and in Casi ángeles. She was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Ferrán died in Buenos Aires, Argentina, aged 73.
Siege of Ani
The medieval city of Ani was a center of confrontation in the 12th and 13th centuries. It was captured fives times by the Kingdom of Georgia, and recaptured three times by Shaddadids, until it came under the Mongol rule in 1239:

Siege of Ani (1064), when a large Seljuk army under Alp Arslan attacked.

Siege of Ani (1124), a siege led by David IV of Georgia against the Shaddadids during the Georgian–Seljuk wars.

Siege of Ani (1161), a siege led by the George III of Georgia against the Shaddadids, and a subsequent siege by the Muslim coalition of Shah-Armens, Saltukids, Artuqids and Emirate of Kars against the Kingdom of Georgia in an attempt to recapture the city.

Siege of Ani (1174), a siege led by George III of Georgia against the Shaddadids.

Siege of Ani (1199), a siege led by Tamar of Georgia against the Shaddadids.

Siege of Ani (1226), a siege led by the Mongol Empire against the Zakarid ruler of Ani.

Siege of Ani (1239), a sack of the city by the Mongols.

Saltukids
The Saltukids or Saltuqids (Modern Turkish: Saltuklu Beyliği) were a dynasty of the Seljuk Empire, founded after the Battle of Manzikert (1071) centred on Erzurum. The Saltukids ruled between 1071 and 1202. The beylik was founded by Emir Saltuk, one of the Turkmen commanders of the Great Seljuk Alp Arslan. The beylik fought frequently against the Georgian Kingdom for hegemony of the Kars region. The center of the beylik, Erzurum, was briefly re-occupied by the Byzantine Empire between 1077 and 1079, and was besieged by the Georgian King Giorgi III in 1184. It comprised the entirety of present-day Erzurum and Bayburt provinces, lands east of Erzincan, most of Kars, and lands north of Ağrı and Muş provinces during its height.
Sudhir Ranjan Jain
Sudhir Ranjan Jain (born 16 May 1963) is an Indian theoretical physicist at the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, known for his contributions in complex quantum systems and Nonlinear dynamics. He worked as a scientist at the Nuclear Physics Division of Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, a professor at Homi Bhabha National Institute and an adjunct professor and member of the Academic Board at the Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences. He is currently the Professor of Eminence at Somaiya Vidyavihar University. He has authored Mechanics, Waves and Thermodynamics: An Example-based Approach and A Primer on Fluid Mechanics with Applications.
 His doctoral advisor was Prof. Suresh V. Lawande, who was a student of Edward Teller.

Homi Bhabha National Institute
The Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) is an Indian deemed university established by the Department of Atomic Energy, which unifies academic programmes of several of its constituent institutions. Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai and its Constituent Units are the institutions of excellence as per section 4(b) of "The Central Education Institutions (Reservation in Admission) Act, 2006".

National Assessment and Accreditation Council has accredited HBNI with a CGPA of 3.40 on a four-point scale at A+ grade valid up to 25 March 2026.
Espen Eskås
Espen Eskås (born 24 June 1988) is a Norwegian football referee. He is an UEFA elite referee. He began refereeing in 2005. He was chosen as the match official during the 2023 FIFA U-17 World Cup final between France and Germany.

On April 2024, Eskås was nominated as 4th official for UEFA Euro 2024 in Germany. He then refereed matches at the 2024 Summer Olympics Football Tournament in Paris. He took charge of three matches; two appearances in the group stage - including once in the women's tournament and referee bronze medal match between Egypt and Morocco.

Germany national under-17 football team
Germany national under-17 football team, also known as Germany Under-17s or Germany U17(s), represents Germany in association football at an under-17 age level and is controlled by German Football Association, the governing body for football in Germany.
VMA-324
Marine Attack Squadron 324 (VMA-324) was an attack squadron in the United States Marine Corps.  Nicknamed the "Devil Dogs," the squadron was based out of Marine Corps Air Station Beaufort, South Carolina for most of its history however it spent its last three years at Marine Corps Air Station Yuma, Arizona.  Originally commissioned during World War II as a fighter squadron, VMF-324 deployed to Midway Atoll during the later months of the war never participating in combat operations.  Following a post-war decommissioning, the squadron was reactivated during the Korean War as an attack squadron.  VMA-324 conducted regular training evolutions and world-wide deployments until it was decommissioned on 29 August 1974.

Marine Corps Air Station Yuma
Marine Corps Air Station Yuma or MCAS Yuma (IATA: YUM, ICAO: KNYL, FAA LID: NYL) is a United States Marine Corps air station in Yuma, Arizona. It is the home of multiple squadrons of F-35B Lightning IIs of the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing, Marine Aviation Weapons and Tactics Squadron 1 (MAWTS-1), Marine Operational Test and Evaluation Squadron 1 (VMX-1) and Marine Fighter Training Squadron 401 (VMFT-401), an air combat adversary squadron of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing of the Marine Corps Reserve. It is a designated Superfund site due to a number of soil and groundwater contaminants, including asbestos.

The station is 2 miles (1.7 nmi; 3.2 km) from the city center of Yuma. A joint use civilian-military airport, MCAS Yuma shares airfield facilities with Yuma International Airport and occupies approximately 3,000 acres (1,200 ha), most of which is flat desert. MCAS Yuma also operates an auxiliary airfield on the Barry M. Goldwater Range.
Guinness family
The Guinness family is an Anglo-Irish noble family known for its achievements in brewing, banking, politics, and Protestant ministry. The brewing branch is particularly well known among the general public for producing the dry stout beer Guinness, as founded by Arthur Guinness in 1759. An Anglo-Irish Protestant family, beginning in the late 18th century, they became a part of what is known in Ireland as the Protestant Ascendancy.

The "banking line" Guinnesses all descend from Arthur's brother Samuel (1727–1795) who set up as a goldbeater in Dublin in 1750; his son Richard (1755–1830), a Dublin barrister; and Richard's son Robert Rundell Guinness who founded Guinness Mahon in 1836.

The current head of the family is the Earl of Iveagh. Another prominent branch, descended from the 1st Earl of Iveagh, is headed by Lord Moyne.

Protestantism in Ireland
Protestantism is a Christian community on the island of Ireland. In the 2011 census of Northern Ireland, 48% (883,768) described themselves as Protestant, which was a decline of approximately 5% from the 2001 census. In the 2011 census of the Republic of Ireland, 4.27% of the population described themselves as Protestant. In the Republic, Protestantism was the second largest religious grouping until the 2002 census in which they were exceeded by those who chose "No Religion". Some forms of Protestantism existed in Ireland in the early 16th century before the English Reformation, but demographically speaking, these were very insignificant and the real influx of Protestantism began only with the spread of the English Reformation to Ireland. The Church of Ireland was established by King Henry VIII of England, who had himself proclaimed as King of Ireland.
Thomas Donovan (rugby union)
Thomas Matthew Donovan (27 February 1867 — 30 June 1938) was an Irish international rugby union player.

The eldest of eight siblings, Donovan hailed from Blarney in County Cork and attended Queen's College Cork, before undertaking further studies at the University of Edinburgh. He gained his solitary Ireland cap while with Edinburgh University RFC, playing as a forward against Scotland at Belfast in 1889. An all-round sportsman, Donovan also won Irish Championships in the 440 yards and decathlon, as well as three Scottish amateur boxing titles.

Immigrating to Australia, Donovan settled in the town of Richmond near Sydney, where he was a medical officer.

Edinburgh University RFC
Edinburgh University Rugby Football Club is a rugby union side based in Edinburgh, Scotland which currently plays its fixtures in the Edinburgh Regional Shield competition and the British Universities Premiership. It is one of the eight founder members of the Scottish Rugby Union.  In the years prior to the SRU's introduction of club leagues in 1973 and the advent of professionalism in the 1990s, EURFC was a major club power and it won the 'unofficial' Scottish Club championship several times. It remains a club with an all-student committee, and is only open to students of the University of Edinburgh. The club runs a men's team and a women's team; both playing in the university leagues.
Frank McAllister
Frank McAllister (April 29, 1918 – May 5, 1987), nicknamed "Chip", was an American Negro league pitcher in the 1930s and 1940s.

A native of Forrest City, Arkansas, McAllister made his Negro leagues debut in 1937 with the Pittsburgh Crawfords. The following season, he joined the Indianapolis ABCs, and was selected to play in the East–West All-Star Game. McAllister died in Cairo, Illinois in 1987 at age 69.

St. Louis–New Orleans Stars
The St. Louis–New Orleans Stars, originally the Indianapolis ABCs and then the St. Louis Stars, were a major Negro league baseball team that played in the Negro American League from 1938 through 1941. They disbanded for the 1942 season due to financial difficulties but regrouped for the 1943 season in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania as the Harrisburg–St. Louis Stars in the Negro National League before folding for good.