hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ragging in Pakistani colleges and universities
Ragging (locally referred to as fooling) is a practice in many Pakistani colleges, universities and hostels where senior students subject freshers or junior students to various forms of harassment, humiliation, or coercion. While sometimes defended as an initiation rite or lighthearted tradition, in many documented cases, ragging has serious negative consequences, including psychological distress, academic decline, physical abuse, and violations of dignity.

The practice is prevalent in both public and private institutions, particularly in hostels and during orientation periods. Unlike in neighbouring countries such as India and Sri Lanka, where specific anti-ragging laws and helplines exist, Pakistan lacks a uniform national legislation targeting ragging directly, relying instead on general harassment policies and institutional measures.

Initiation
Initiation is a rite of passage marking entrance or acceptance into a group or society. It could also be a formal admission to adulthood in a community or one of its formal components. In an extended sense, it can also signify a transformation in which the initiate is 'reborn' into a new role. Examples of initiation ceremonies might include Christian baptism or confirmation, Jewish bar or bat mitzvah, acceptance into a fraternal organization, secret society or religious order, or graduation from school or recruit training. A person taking the initiation ceremony in traditional rites, such as those depicted in these pictures, is called an initiate.
Fariza Aldangorova
Fariza Aldangorova (born 28 June 1996) is a Kazakhstani taekwondo practitioner. She won one of the bronze medals in the women's 53 kg event at the 2018 Asian Games held in Jakarta, Indonesia.

In 2013, Aldangorova won the silver medal in the girls' 55 kg event at the Asian Youth Games held in Nanjing, China. In the final, she lost against Pauline Lopez of the Philippines.

In 2014, Aldangorova competed in the women's 53 kg event at the Asian Games held in Incheon, South Korea without advancing far. She was eliminated in her first match by Sousan Hajipour of Iran.

2013 Asian Youth Games
The 2013 Asian Youth Games or AYG 2013 (Chinese: 2013年亚洲青年运动会; pinyin: Èr Líng yī sān Nián Yàzhōu Qīngnián Yùndònghuì), officially the 2nd Asian Youth Games (Chinese: 第二届亚洲青年运动会; pinyin: Dìèr Jiè Yàzhōu Qīngnián Yùndònghuì) and commonly as Nanjing 2013 (Chinese: 南京2013; pinyin: Nánjīng Èr Líng yī sān), were held in Nanjing, China from August 16–24, 2013. Like the inaugural edition, the games acted as dress-rehearsal for the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics, which were also held in the same city.
Toro language
Toro, also known as Turkwam, is a Plateau language of Nigeria. It has lost the nominal affix system characteristic of the Niger–Congo family.

Toro is spoken in Turkwam village, located northeast of Wamba. The language is still vital, with no immediate endangerment. There are about 3,000 to 4,000 people in Turkwam village. The plural form of 'Toro people' is à-Toro-mbò). The Toro people culturally identify with the Kantana people, who speak a Jarawan Bantu language.

Plateau languages
The Plateau languages are a tentative group of forty or so Benue–Congo languages spoken by 15 million people on the Jos Plateau, Southern Kaduna, Nasarawa State and in adjacent areas in central Nigeria.

Berom and Eggon have the most speakers. Most Plateau languages are threatened and have around 2,000-10,000 speakers.

Defining features of the Plateau family have only been published in manuscript form (Blench 2008). Many of the languages have highly elaborate phonology systems that make comparison with poor data difficult.
2015 Eliteserien promotion/relegation play-offs
The 2015 Eliteserien promotion/relegation play-offs was the 42nd time a spot in the Norwegian top flight was decided by play-off matches between top tier and second level clubs.

At the end of the 2015 season, Mjøndalen and Sandefjord Fotball were relegated directly to 2016 OBOS-ligaen, and was replaced by Sogndal and SK Brann who were directly promoted.

Mjøndalen IF
Mjøndalen IF is a Norwegian sports club located in Mjøndalen, Buskerud, Norway. Of the different athletic endeavours that the club supports, it may be best known in Norway for its bandy national championship teams and internationally for its association football national championship teams that have competed in UEFA championships. Founded in 1910, it has sections for association football, bandy, baseball, cycling, gymnastics, handball, judo and skiing. The club formerly had a section for athletics.
Hordeonius Flaccus
Marcus Hordeonius Flaccus (died 69 AD) was a Roman senator who lived during the first century. He was suffect consul for the nundinium of March to April 47 as the colleague of Gaius Calpetanus Rantius Sedatus, and later commander of the Rhine army during the Batavian rebellion.

In 69, the Year of the Four Emperors, Emperor Vitellius ordered troops from the Rhine borders redeployed to Italy to support him against the rebellion of Vespasian, which Flaccus refused because he had heard rumors of a possible uprising of the Batavians. When Vitellius ordered the forced recruitment of the Batavians, they rose in rebellion against the Romans.

His indecision in which emperor to support (Vitellius or Vespasian), and his resulting inactivity in the containment of the Batavian rebellion made his later reputation suffer in the works of Tacitus.  He was murdered by his troops (still loyal to Vitellius) after trying to celebrate the victory of Vespasian.

Revolt of the Batavi
The Revolt of the Batavi took place in the Roman province of Germania Inferior ("Lower Germania") between AD 69 and 70. It was an uprising against the Roman Empire started by the Batavi, a small but militarily powerful Germanic tribe that inhabited Batavia, on the delta of the river Rhine. They were soon joined by the Celtic tribes from Gallia Belgica and some Germanic tribes.

Under the leadership of their hereditary prince Gaius Julius Civilis, an auxiliary officer in the Imperial Roman army, the Batavi and their allies managed to inflict a series of humiliating defeats on the Roman army, including the destruction of two legions. After these initial successes, a massive Roman army led by the Roman general Quintus Petillius Cerialis eventually defeated the rebels. Following peace talks, the Batavi submitted again to Roman rule, but were forced to accept humiliating terms and a legion stationed permanently on their territory, at Noviomagus (modern day Nijmegen, The Netherlands).
South Western Air Command
The South Western Air Command (SWAC) is one of the five operational commands of the Indian Air Force, headquartered in Gandhinagar. It was raised in Jodhpur in July 1980 from the No.1 Operations Group of the Western Air Command. Its operations sector includes most of Rajasthan, through Gujarat and Saurashtra, as far south as Kutch and Pune. The SWAC moved to its current headquarters in Gandhinagar in May 1998, and incorporates the Indian airbases of Bhuj, Jaisalmer, Phalodi, Naliya, Jamnagar, Jodhpur, Uttarlai/Barmer and Pune. It controls air operations in the south western air sector, which includes most of Rajasthan, and south through Gujarat to Saurashtra, and Kutch to Pune. It also operates the forward airbases at Vadodara, Nal and Suratgarh. The SWAC's role has historically been largely of air defence, although it has been reported to have incorporated a strike profile.

Jamnagar Airport
Jamnagar Airport, officially known as Civil Enclave Jamnagar, (IATA: JGA, ICAO: VAJM) is a domestic airport and an Indian Air Force base serving the city of Jamnagar, Gujarat, India. It is owned by the Indian Air Force and also permits both commercial as well as private flights. It is the only airport in Gujarat which has two runways.

According to a survey conducted by the Gujarat Infrastructure Development Board, traffic at Jamnagar airport grew at 15% between 2003 and 2008. Compared to other airports in Gujarat, Jamnagar airport has low market share but high growth. The domestic passenger demand would increase by 6% between 2016 and 2020.

During the evacuation of Indian nationals from Yemen in April 2015, a C-17 Globemaster of the Indian Air Force was sent to Djibouti from the Jamnagar Airport.
Stardom American Dream 2024
Stardom American Dream 2024 in The Keystone State was a professional wrestling event promoted by World Wonder Ring Stardom and produced by New Japan Pro-Wrestling of America. The took place on April 4, 2024, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at the 2300 Arena. This was Stardom's first event in the United States since 2019.

Five matches were contested at the event, and two of Stardom's ten championships were on the line. The main event saw Maika defeat Megan Bayne to retain the World of Stardom Championship.

Professional wrestling championship
In professional wrestling, a championship or title is a recognition promoted by professional wrestling organizations. Championship reigns are determined by professional wrestling matches, in which competitors are involved in predetermined rivalries; these narratives create feuds between the various competitors, which usually cast them as either faces (heroes), heels (villains), or more rarely tweeners (morally ambiguous). The bookers in a company, who decide the winners and where the storyline goes, will place the title on the most accomplished performer or the one they believe will generate fan interest in terms of event attendance and television viewership.
A Provincial Lady
A Provincial Lady (Russian: Провинциалка, romanized: Provintsialka) is a one-act play by Ivan Turgenev. Written in 1850, it was first produced in January 1851 at a benefit performance for the seminal 19th-century Russian actor Mikhail Shchepkin at the Maly Theatre in Moscow.

In the 20th century, the play was produced at the world-famous Moscow Art Theatre as part of a triple bill of works by Turgenev. Constantin Stanislavski directed and played Count Liubin. It opened on 5 March 1912.

Nineteenth-century theatre
A wide range of movements existed in the theatrical culture of Europe and the United States in the 19th century. In the West, they include Romanticism, melodrama, the well-made plays of Scribe and Sardou, the farces of Feydeau, the problem plays of Naturalism and Realism, Wagner's operatic Gesamtkunstwerk, Gilbert and Sullivan's plays and operas, Wilde's drawing-room comedies, Symbolism, and proto-Expressionism in the late works of August Strindberg and Henrik Ibsen.
Information and Communications University
Information and Communications University (ICU), established in 1998, was a Korean university focused primarily on research and engineering in the field of information technology.  It was located in the city of Daejeon and comprised an engineering school and a management school. As of 2006, about 20% of the enrolled graduate students were international students. Unlike other Korean universities, almost all courses were taught in English.

On March 1, 2009, the university merged into KAIST as a separate department, under the name of the Information Technology Convergence Campus. After this controversial merger  a consortium of Professors and Directors of Research Centres (at ICU) in South Korea founded The Information and Communications University (ICU) to perpetuate the legacy and continuity of the Information and Communications University through international training and distance education, with its subsidiary in Zambia (ICU Zambia).

International student
International students or exchange students, also known as foreign students, are students who undertake all or part of their secondary or tertiary education in a country other than their own.

In 2022, there were over 6.9 million international students, up from 5.12 million in 2016. The most popular destinations were in the Anglosphere. Three countries in particular received 39% of international students: the United States (with 1,126,690 international students), Canada (842,760 students), and the United Kingdom (758,855 students).
Hoyts
The Hoyts Group of companies in Australia and New Zealand includes Hoyts Cinemas, a cinema chain, and Val Morgan, which sells advertising on cinema screens and digital billboards.

The company was established by dentist Arthur Russell in Melbourne, Victoria in 1908, showing films in a hired hall. After expansion into other states and several changes of ownership, the majority of Hoyts was acquired by a Chinese conglomerate, the Wanda Group, in 2015. As of 2022, Hoyts owned 46 multiplexes housing 412 screens, making it Australia's second largest movie exhibitor after Event Cinemas.

Digital billboard
A digital billboard or a digital bulletin is a billboard that displays digital images that are changed by a computer every few seconds.  Digital billboards are primarily used for advertising, but they can also serve public service purposes. These are positioned on highly visible, heavy traffic locations such as expressways and major roadways.
2018 Montana House of Representatives election
An election was held on November 6, 2018, to elect all 100 members to Montana's House of Representatives. The election coincided with the elections for other offices, including the U.S Senate, U.S. House of Representatives, and state senate. The primary election was held on June 5, 2018.

Christopher Pope (politician)
Christopher Pope is an American politician serving as a member of the Montana Senate from the 31st district. He was previously a member of the Montana House of Representatives from 2015 to 2017 and again from 2019 to 2021.
Żarki Wielkie
Żarki Wielkie [ˈʐarki ˈvjɛlkʲɛ] (Lower Sorbian: Wjelike Żarki; Upper Sorbian: Wjelike Žarki) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Trzebiel, within Żary County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland, close to the German border.

Żary County
Żary County (Polish: powiat żarski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lubusz Voivodeship, western Poland, on the German border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Żary, which lies 43 km (27 mi) south-west of Zielona Góra and 123 km (76 mi) south of Gorzów Wielkopolski. The county contains three other towns: Lubsko, lying 21 km (13 mi) north-west of Żary, Jasień, lying 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Żary, and Łęknica, 30 km (19 mi) west of Żary.

The county covers an area of 1,393.49 square kilometres (538.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 96,496, out of which the population of Żary is 37,502, that of Lubsko is 13,921, that of Jasień is 4,309, that of Łęknica is 2,478, and the rural population is 38,286.
FC Lyulin
FC Lyulin (Bulgarian: ФК Люлин) is a Bulgarian football club from Sofia, based in the capital's biggest residential area Lyulin, currently playing in the Sofia A OFG, the fourth division of Bulgarian football. The team is known for its loyal fans.

Football club (association football)
In association football, a football club (or association football club, alternatively soccer club) is a sports club that acts as an entity through which association football teams organise their sporting activities. The club can exist either as an independent unit or as part of a larger sports organization as a subsidiary of the parent club or organization.

The sport of association football allows teams that partake in some sort of club activity to participate in tournaments such as leagues and other competitions. Teams must register their players as well as staff and other personnel to be eligible to represent the club in any activity as it regards to association football competitions.
Vernon Methodist Church
Vernon Methodist Church is a historic Methodist church at the junction of NY 5 and Sconondoa Street in Vernon, Oneida County, New York.  It was built in 1892 and is a rectangular structure consisting of a square sanctuary (54 feet by 54 feet) with projecting, gable roofed wall bays on three sides and an attached parish hall wing.  It features a massive engaged entrance/bell tower which incorporates an open belfry with balustrade and a large bellcast roof with slate shingles.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Vernon, New York
Vernon is a town in Oneida County, New York, United States. The population was 5,408 at the 2010 census.

The Town of Vernon is on the western border of the county. The town contains a village, also named Vernon.
The Holdovers (soundtrack)
The Holdovers (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack to the 2023 film of the same name directed by Alexander Payne. Featuring musical score composed by Mark Orton, the soundtrack featured 24 tracks—seven of them being from Orton's score and the remainder being songs from prominent artists Damien Jurado, Labi Siffre, Andy Williams and bands and vocal groups such as The Chambers Brothers, Shocking Blue, The Allman Brothers Band, Artie Shaw and His Orchestra, The Swingles, The Temptations, Tony Orlando and Dawn amongst several others. The soundtrack was released digitally by Back Lot Music on November 10, 2023, coinciding with the film's nationwide release, and physically the following week.

The Swingles
The Swingles are a UK-based a cappella vocal group, originally founded by Ward Swingle in 1962 in France as Les Swingle Singers. In 1973, Swingle disbanded the French ensemble and established a new UK-based iteration, initially known as Swingle II. The group later became known as The New Swingle Singers, and subsequently The Swingle Singers. Since 2014, the group has performed under the name The Swingles.
Bear, Oveys and Great Bottom Woods
Bear, Oveys and Great Bottom Woods is a 64.1-hectare (158-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Henley-on-Thames in Oxfordshire.

This beech woodland has more than 40 species of ground flora which is commonly associated with ancient woods in southern Britain, including broad-leaved helleborine, southern wood-rush, yellow archangel, enchanter's nightshade, goldilocks buttercup, woodruff and the moss Leucobryum glaucum.

Luzula forsteri
Luzula forsteri, commonly known as southern wood-rush, is a species of perennial plant in Juncaceae family that is native to Europe, north Africa and western Asia. There is a record of it having been collected at Salem, Oregon in 1910.

The species was named for Edward Forster the Younger (1765–1849).
Patrick Kelly (Galway Gaelic footballer)
Patrick Kelly is an Irish Gaelic footballer who plays for Mountbellew–Moylough and at senior level for the Galway county team.

Kelly played for Galway in the 2022 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final. He scored two goals for Galway to help them overcome Leitrim and gain a place in the 2022 Connacht Senior Football Championship final.

Kelly has also played association football (soccer) for Athlone Town.

2022 Connacht Senior Football Championship
The 2022 Connacht Senior Football Championship was the 2022 iteration of the Connacht Senior Football Championship organised by Connacht GAA.

London and New York were withdrawn from the 2020 and 2021 Connacht championships as part of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Gaelic games, due to international travel restrictions, but both returned for the 2022 season.

Galway won the competition.
Robinson Crusoe (musical)
Robinson Crusoe or long titled Robinson Crusoe on Rainbow Island was a musical written by Australian actor and theatre manager Victor Prince, with music supplied by Australian composers Herbert De Pinna and Bert Rache. The show was first produced in 1917 by Victor Prince in the lead role in partnership with the Fuller brothers theatre circuit. The dialogue manuscript is lost, but many of the songs remain preserved. The original production had a successful run of 112 consecutive nights at the Grand Opera House, Sydney.

Bert Rache
Bert Rache (1876–1928) born Joseph Bernard Rash, was an Australian composer, music director, conductor, pianist, company leader.

Bert Rache grew up in Lismore, New South Wales, and began his career as a musician in the late 1890s. After touring as George Rignold's orchestra leader, he was employed as a pianist with Harry Rickards in 1903, continuing this association for many years. His early career also included work with Perth's Palace Gardens (1904–06) and King's Theatre (circa 1909). Rache was in high demand as a music director, composer, and arranger throughout the 1910s and 1920s, and he toured with his own troupes at various times, including the Imperial Orchestra and Th' Drolls.
I.O.I.O.
"I.O.I.O." is a song by the Bee Gees, released on the album Cucumber Castle. It was written by Barry and Maurice Gibb. The song was released as a single in March 1970, and was also one of the highlights of the album. The single was a relative success mainly on European charts. Its music video is taken from the film Cucumber Castle.

It was a cult favourite of fans, however, and made it onto the compilation Best of Bee Gees, Volume 2.

Cucumber Castle (film)
Cucumber Castle is a British comedy film made for television directed by Hugh Gladwish and starring the Bee Gees, Eleanor Bron and Frankie Howerd. It aired on BBC2 on 26 December 1970.

The film's title is taken from a song of the same name featured on the album Bee Gees' 1st in 1967 although the song's lyrical content bears no relation to the film script except for the titular castle.
Freddy Zix
Freddy Zix (7 January 1935 – 5 January 2025) was a French footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1968 Summer Olympics. A defender, he began his playing career with ASL Robertsau, then spent one season with Strasbourg followed by a 13-year career at amateur level with Mulhouse, AS Mutzig and CS Pierrots Strasbourg. With Pierrots Strasbourg, he won the 1968–69 Championnat de France amateur. He was director of RC Strasbourg's training centre from 1984 to 2005.

Zix died in Strasbourg on 5 January 2025, at the age of 89.

Football at the 1968 Summer Olympics
The 1968 Olympic football tournament was played as part of the 1968 Summer Olympics. The tournament features 16 men's national teams from five continental confederations. The 16 teams are drawn into four groups of four and each group plays a round-robin tournament. At the end of the group stage, the top two teams advanced to the knockout stage, beginning with the quarter-finals and culminating with the gold medal match at the Azteca Stadium on 26 October 1968. This was the first time an Asian team won a medal, Japan claiming bronze.
Mychal Green
Mychal Green (born January 15, 1983, in Columbus, Ohio, United States ) is an American professional basketball player. He is a 6'4" guard and plays for the Glasgow Rocks.

Green played his first two years of collegiate basketball for the Ohlone College Renegades in California. In 2004–05, he then transferred to Ohio University in Athens, Ohio. As a junior at Ohio, he led the team in scoring, averaging 15.0 points a game, 11th best in the Mid-American Conference. In a first-round NCAA tournament game in Nashville, Tennessee, Green scored 24 points against the Florida Gators.

In his senior year, he again led the Bobcats with 12.7 points a game, good enough to be voted to the 2006 MAC All-tournament team. His career high at Ohio University was 25 points which he hit on three occasions. In addition to this Green was a co-captain in his senior year for the Bobcats.

Green led the Canterbury Rams in scoring during the 2007 NBL season with 20.3 ppg.

Ohlone College
Ohlone College  (Ohlone or OC; /oʊˈloʊni/) is a public community college, a member of the California Community College System, with its main campus in Fremont and a second campus in Newark. The Ohlone Community College District serves Fremont, Newark, and parts of Union City.

Ohlone offers 61 associate degree programs leading to university transfer or careers and over 100 vocational certificate programs that provide job skill training.