hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Painscastle
Painscastle (Welsh: Castell-paen) is a village and community in Powys (formerly Radnorshire), Wales which takes its name from the castle at its heart. It lies between Builth and Hay-on-Wye, approximately 3 miles from the Wales-England border today.  The community also includes the villages and settlements of Rhosgoch, Bryngwyn, Llandeilo Graban and Llanbedr. The population as of the 2011 UK Census was 524. It is represented by the Painscastle and Rhosgoch Community Council, which comprises eight community councillors. It is included in the Glasbury electoral ward for Powys County Council elections.

The southern boundary of the community runs through the Begwns, the larger part of which range of hills are within the community. The village itself sits in the broad valley of the Bachawy a small left-bank tributary of the River Wye which runs westwards to the south of it. To the north the community extends to include Red Hill, Llanbedr Hill and Bryngwyn Hill.

Builth Wells
Builth Wells (/ˈbɪlθ ˈwɛlz/; Welsh: Llanfair-ym-Muallt ⓘ) is a market town and community in the county Powys and historic county Brecknockshire (Breconshire), mid-Wales, lying at the confluence of rivers Wye and Irfon in the Welsh (or upper) part of the Wye Valley. In 2011 it had a population of 2,568.
Malimo
Malimo is a textile manufacturing technique in which warp and weft yarns are sewn together. The method is also referred to as "stitch-bonding." It was invented in Eastern Germany in the 1950s. Malimo is used in a variety of applications, including apparel fabrics, wind turbine wings and isolation fabrics, and aerospace.

New states of Germany
The new states of Germany (German: die neuen Länder / die neuen Bundesländer) are the five re-established states of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR)  that unified with the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) with its 10 "old states" upon German reunification on 3 October 1990.

The new states, which were dissolved by the GDR government in 1952 and re-established in 1990, are Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia. The state of Berlin, the result of a merger between East and West Berlin, is usually not considered one of the new states although a number of its residents are former East Germans and some of its areas were in the former East Berlin. There have been 16 states in Germany since reunification.
Colac & District Football Netball League
The Colac & District Football Netball League (CDFNL) is a minor country football league based in the South West of Victoria in the city of Colac. The CDFNL has 10 clubs, all located in the Colac Otway Shire, with the exception of Lorne, which falls within the Surf Coast Shire. The competition incorporates the two sports of Australian rules football and netball.

Shire of Colac Otway
The Shire of Colac Otway is a local government area in the Barwon South West region of Victoria, Australia, located in the south-western part of the state. It covers an area of 3,438 square kilometres (1,327 sq mi) and in June 2018 had a population of 21,503. It includes the towns of Apollo Bay, Beeac, Birregurra, Colac, Cressy, Forrest, Kennett River, Lavers Hill, Warrion and Wye River.

The Shire is governed and administered by the Colac Otway Shire Council; its seat of local government and administrative centre is located at the council headquarters in Colac, it also has a service centre located in Apollo Bay.
Maurice Foster (politician)
Maurice Brydon Foster (September 8, 1933 – October 2, 2010) was a Canadian veterinarian and politician. He represented the electoral district of Algoma in the House of Commons of Canada from 1968 to 1993. He was a member of the Liberal Party.

Born in Bloomfield, Ontario, Foster attended the Ontario Veterinary College in Guelph and received a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine degree in 1957. He then moved to Carnduff, Saskatchewan where he practiced as a veterinarian. In 1959, he moved to Desbarats near Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario.

In 1968, he was elected to the House of Commons of Canada for the riding of Algoma. After retiring in 1993, he served as an adviser to Prime Minister Jean Chrétien. He retired in 2001.

He died in 2010 after a three-year battle with pulmonary fibrosis.

Pulmonary fibrosis
Pulmonary fibrosis is typically a condition in which the lungs become scarred over time. Symptoms include shortness of breath, a dry cough, feeling tired, weight loss, and nail clubbing. Complications may include pulmonary hypertension, respiratory failure, pneumothorax, and lung cancer.

Causes include environmental pollution, certain medications, connective tissue diseases, infections, and interstitial lung diseases. But in most cases the cause is unknown (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis). Diagnosis may be based on symptoms, medical imaging, lung biopsy, and lung function tests.

No cure exists and treatment options are limited. Treatment is directed toward improving symptoms and may include oxygen therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation. Certain medications may slow the scarring. Lung transplantation may be an option. At least 5 million people are affected globally. Life expectancy is generally less than five years.
House of Caracciolo
The House of Caracciolo (Italian: Casata dei Caracciolo [kaˈrattʃolo]; Latin: Domus Caracciolo) is a prominent aristocratic noble family that originated in the city of Naples. The Caracciolos are considered one of the most important families in the history of the Kingdom of Naples, and also held relevant posts in the Spanish Empire, Holy Roman Empire, and the Catholic Church.

Aristocracy (class)
The aristocracy (from Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía, "rule of the best"; Latin: aristocratia) is historically associated with a "hereditary" or a "ruling" social class. In many states, the aristocracy included the upper class with hereditary rank and titles. They are usually below only the monarch of a country or nation in its social hierarchy.
The Ends of the Earth (play)
The Ends of the Earth is a 1992 play by the Canadian playwright Morris Panych. It tells the story of two men, Frank and Walker, each of whom is convinced that the other is following him. Despite their best efforts at running away from each other, the two men repeatedly find themselves in the same places.

The Ends of the Earth premiered at the Arts Club Theatre in Vancouver in 1992, in a production directed by Panych, starring Alec Willows and Earl Pastko as Frank and Walker. Later that year it was performed at the Tarragon Theatre in Toronto, with Stephen Ouimette and Keith Knight in the lead roles, and Panych again directing.

Stephen Ouimette
Stephen Ouimette is a Canadian actor and director. Although mostly known for his stage work, particularly at the Stratford Festival of Canada and on Broadway in La Bete, he achieved TV fame (and a Gemini Award) as the ghostly Oliver Welles in the drama Slings and Arrows. From 2016 to 2019, Ouimette was the head of Stratford's Birmingham Conservatory, a training program for young actors.

Ouimette is also a voice actor, and is known for voicing Beetlejuice in the eponymous animated series, Angel in X-Men: The Animated Series, and Pompadour in Babar.
David Tannenberg
David Tannenberg (March 21, 1728 – May 19, 1804) was a Moravian organ builder who emigrated to Pennsylvania. He is cited as the most important American organ-builder of his time.  He constructed a number of organs during his lifetime, as well as other keyboard instruments. Many of the organs that he built are still in use.

Moravians
Moravians (Czech: Moravané or colloquially Moraváci, outdated Moravci) are a Czech ethnographic group from the Moravia region of the Czech Republic, who speak the Moravian dialects of Czech or Common Czech or a mixed form of both. They are not a separate ethnicity instead, a subgroup of the ethnic Czech people, as is recognized by most Moravians but a part of the group's population 'ethnically' identifies as 'Moravian', registered in Czech censuses since 1991. The figure has fluctuated and in the 2011 census, 6.01% of the Czech population declared Moravian as their 'ethnicity'. Smaller pockets of people declaring Moravian 'ethnicity' are also native to neighboring Slovakia.
Celeste Negarville
Celeste Negarville (17 June 1905 – 18 July 1959) was an Italian communist, journalist and politician, first director of the post-war newspaper l'Unità and undersecretary for foreign affairs in the Parri and De Gasperi governments. He was born in Avigliana.

Avigliana
Avigliana (Italian: [aviʎˈʎaːna]; Piedmontese: Vijan-a [viˈjɑŋa]; Arpitan: Velhanna; French: Veillane) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Piedmont region of Italy, with 12,129 inhabitants as of 1 January 2023. It lies about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Turin in the Susa valley, on the motorway going from Turin to Modane, France.

It is best known for two maar lakes, Lago Grande and Lago Piccolo. Also nearby is the massive Sacra di San Michele.
Lau Wah-sum
Lau Wah-sum, OBE, GBS JP (born 30 January 1928) is a member of the Liberal Party and was the unofficial member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (1988—95).

He is a registered investment adviser, fellow of Hong Kong Society of Accountants (FHKSA) and the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (FCMA). During the 1970s, Lau was the first Director of Finance of the Mass Transit Railway Corporation.

Chartered Institute of Management Accountants
The Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) is a global professional management accounting body, based in the United Kingdom. CIMA offers training and qualification in management accounting and related subjects. It is focused on accountants working in industry and provides ongoing support and training for members.

CIMA is one of the professional associations for accountants in the UK and Ireland. Its particular emphasis is on developing the management accounting profession. CIMA is the largest and the oldest management accounting body in the world, with over 229,000 members and students worldwide.

The Chartered Global Management Accountant (CGMA) qualification has the academic standing of a master's degree in the UK (recognised at Level 7 by NARIC).
Mirza Mohammad Ebrahim Nasiri
Mirza Mohammad Ebrahim Nasiri was an official in Safavid Iran and member of the Ordubadi family. In 1680, he was appointed as the vizier of the governor of the Astarabad province, thus marking the start of his career. During a period in his later career, he became the custodian of the tomb of Shah Safi, then the vizier of the Azerbaijan province, and then the monshi al-mamalek. He was removed from his post after enemies at court conspired against him. In 1669/1700 he was appointed as the majles-nevis (official record keeper), signaling his return to favor at court. Mohammad Ebrahim was still alive in 1714, and was also the author of  the Dastur-e Shahryaran, a historical chronicle about the early reign of Shah Soltan Hoseyn (r. 1694–1722).

He may have been the father of Mohammad Rabi ibn Mohammad Ebrahim, the ambassador to the Siamese Ayutthaya Kingdom and author of the Safine-ye Solaymani.

Azerbaijan province (Safavid Iran)
The province of Azerbaijan (Persian: استان آذربایجان, romanized: ostān-e āzarbāyjān) was a province in the northwestern part of Safavid Iran, serving as one of its principal administrative areas. The city of Tabriz was the provincial capital, as well as the capital of the Safavids until 1555. The Ottoman Empire occupied Tabriz and a large portion of Azerbaijan from 1588 to 1603; as a result, the authority of the governor-general of Azerbaijan was mainly restricted to Ardabil.
John Dozier
John Dozier was an American politician. He was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives. He served in 1871 and 1873.

In 1873 he represented Perry County, Alabama along with P. G. Clarke and G. S. W. Lewis.

He was enslaved and was owned by a college president in Virginia who manumitted him. His wife and son had been sold to and were on a plantation in Alabama. Dozier went to them. He became a pastor and settled in Marion County, Alabama where he founded the First Colored Baptist Church. He was a trustee of Lincoln Normal School.

He and other black Alabama legislators of the Reconstruction era are commemorated on a historical marker.

Alabama House of Representatives
The Alabama House of Representatives is the lower house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of state of Alabama. The House is composed of 105 members representing an equal number of districts, with each constituency containing at least 42,380 citizens. There are no term limits in the House. The House is also one of the five lower houses of state legislatures in the United States that is elected every four years. Other lower houses, including the United States House of Representatives, are elected for a two-year term.

The House meets at the Alabama State House in Montgomery. The speaker of the Alabama House of Representatives is its leader.
Capture of Fort William and Mary
The capture of Fort William and Mary took place in Portsmouth, New Hampshire on December 14, 1774, when local Patriots led by John Langdon stormed Fort William and Mary guarding the mouth of the busy seaport. They overcame a six-man caretaker detachment and seized the garrison's powder, which was distributed through several towns in the colony for potential use in the looming conflict with Great Britain. On December 15, 1774, patriots led by John Sullivan again raided the fort, this time seizing numerous cannons, later used in the pivotal Battle of Bunker Hill.

The incident is significant as one of the first overt acts of the American Revolutionary War and the only battle to take place in the state of New Hampshire.

Caretaker (military)
A military caretaker or caretaker detachment  is a group of one or more personnel assigned to maintain for future use a military base, fortification, or other facility that is ungarrisoned but not abandoned. Naval reserve fleets and military aircraft in long-term storage are also maintained by caretakers. Whether the personnel are military or civilian varies by country, branch of service, and time period.
Flipturn (band)
Flipturn, stylized as flipturn, is an American indie rock band from Fernandina Beach, Florida formed in 2015. The band consists of founding members Dillon Basse (vocals), Tristan Duncan (guitar) and Madeline Jarman (bass) who founded the band as high school seniors.  After their college years at the University of Florida, they picked up guitarist and synthesizer player Mitch Fountain, and drummer Devon VonBalson.

Flipturn gained traction in 2018 with their EP Citrona. The band signed to Dualtone Records in June 2022. 
They released their debut album Shadowglow in August 2022, which received positive reception. The album release was followed by a tour through the United States in late 2022 into 2023 and the festival lineups of Lollapalooza, Governor’s Ball, Bonnaroo, Shaky Knees, and SXSW. The band's second studio album, Burnout Days, was released in January 2025.

Fernandina Beach, Florida
Fernandina Beach is a city in and the county seat of Nassau County, Florida, United States, in the state's northeastern corner. It is the northernmost city on Florida's Atlantic coast, situated on Amelia Island, and is one of the municipalities comprising Greater Jacksonville (formally the Jacksonville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area).

As of the 2020 census, Fernandina Beach had a population of 13,052.
Lens, Pas-de-Calais
Lens (French pronunciation: [lɑ̃s] ⓘ; Picard: Linse) is a city in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France. It is one of the main towns of Hauts-de-France along with Lille, Valenciennes, Amiens, Roubaix, Tourcoing, Arras and Douai. The inhabitants are called Lensois (pronounced [lɑ̃swa]).

Tourcoing
Tourcoing (French: [tuʁkwɛ̃] ⓘ; Dutch: Toerkonje [tuːrˈkɔɲə]; West Flemish: Terkoeje; Picard: Tourco) is a city in northern France on the Belgian border. It is designated municipally as a commune within the department of Nord. Located to the north-northeast of Lille, adjacent to Roubaix, Tourcoing is the chef-lieu of two cantons and the fourth largest city in the French region of Hauts-de-France ranked by population with about 97,000 inhabitants.

Together with the cities of Lille, Roubaix, Villeneuve-d'Ascq and eighty-six other communes, Tourcoing is part of four-city-centred metropolitan area inhabited by more than 1.1 million people: the Métropole Européenne de Lille. To a greater extent, Tourcoing belongs to a vast conurbation formed with the Belgian cities of Mouscron, Kortrijk and Tournai, which gave birth to the first European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation in January 2008, Lille–Kortrijk–Tournai with an aggregate of just over 2 million inhabitants.
Hokkaidō Prefectural Board of Education
The Hokkaido Prefectural Board of Education (北海道教育委員会, Hokkaidō kyōiku iinkai) is a board of education that mainly oversees public schools in Hokkaido, Japan.

The board directly oversees high schools and provides educational services in Hokkaido.

Higashikawa, Hokkaido
Higashikawa (東川町, Higashikawa-chō) is a town located in Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan.

As of September 2016, the town has an estimated population of 8,092, and a density of 33 persons per km2. The total area is 247.06 km2.

Higashikawa declared itself a photo town (写真の町, shashin no machi) in the 1980s and has done much to sponsor photography since, notably the annually awarded Higashikawa Prizes.
In recent years, the number of cafes, general stores, wineries, vineyards, sake breweries, etc. has increased due to population growth resulting from increased immigration from all over the country. More young people are visiting as tourists. In terms of population growth in 2021, it ranked first in Hokkaido.
Zinsser
Zinsser is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Frederick G. Zinsser (1868–1956), American businessman

Hans Zinsser (1878–1940), American physician, bacteriologist and writer

William Zinsser (1922–2015), American writer, editor, literary critic and teacher

William Zinsser
William Knowlton Zinsser (October 7, 1922 – May 12, 2015) was an American writer, editor, literary critic, and teacher. He began his career as a journalist for the New York Herald Tribune, where he worked as a feature writer, drama editor, film critic and editorial writer. He was a longtime contributor to leading magazines.
Results of the 2022 Swedish general election
The 2022 Swedish general election was held on 11 September to determine the 349 seats of Sweden's parliament, the Riksdag, for the term lasting until 2026. The opposition right-wing bloc won a majority of seats and later formed the Tidö Agreement. The agreement paved the way to the Kristersson cabinet, a minority government of Ulf Kristersson's Moderate Party, the Christian Democrats, and Liberals that relies on confidence and supply from the Sweden Democrats (SD), the first time the party is holding direct influence on government policy.

Tidö Agreement
The Tidö Agreement (Swedish: Tidöavtalet) is a political agreement of Riksdag parties from the right-wing bloc (Sweden Democrats, Moderate Party, Christian Democrats and Liberals) for appointing Ulf Kristersson of the Moderate Party as Prime Minister of Sweden and the Kristersson cabinet as the Government of Sweden after the 2022 Swedish general election. The name Tidö Agreement comes from Tidö Castle in Västmanland, where the four party leaders negotiated the agreement.
European Kendo Federation
The European Kendo Federation (EKF) is the governing body for Kendo in Europe, overseeing its development, competitions, and regulations across its member countries. It is the member of the International Kendo Federation which is responsible for the European zone. The EKF is the overall organization for the Japanese martial arts Kendo, Jōdō and Iaido in Europe.

Established in 1969, the EKC has significantly contributed to the development and popularity of kendo throughout the continent.

Jōdō
Jōdō (杖道), meaning "way of the jō", or jōjutsu (杖術), meaning "art of the jō", is a Japanese martial art using a short staff called jō.  The art is similar to bōjutsu, and is strongly focused upon defense against the Japanese sword. The jō is a short staff, usually about 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 m) long.
Bozdoğan, Mut
Bozdoğan is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Mut, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 351 (2022). It is at to the west of Göksu River valley. The distance to Mut is 30 kilometres (19 mi) and to Mersin is 195 kilometres (121 mi).

Mersin Province
Mersin Province (Turkish: Mersin ili), formerly İçel Province (İçel ili), is a province and metropolitan municipality in southern Turkey, on the Mediterranean coast between Antalya and Adana. Its area is 16,010 km2, and its population is 1,916,432 (2022). The provincial capital and the biggest city in the province is Mersin, which is composed of four municipalities and district governorates: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir. Next largest is Tarsus, the birthplace of Paul the Apostle. The province is considered to be a part of the geographical, economical and cultural region of Çukurova, which covers the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
Chas. H. Hansen Music Corp.
Chas. H. Hansen Music Corp. was an American music publisher founded by Charles Henry Hansen (1913–1995) in 1952 and incorporated in New York.  Its music covered a broad spectrum of genres that included classical (opera, orchestra, band, choral, chamber, and solo), jazz, folk, rock, country, popular, educational — and music text books. Chas. H. Hansen Music Corp. was the exclusive U.S. publisher and distributor of Beatles sheet music starting in 1964. In the 1980s, Hansen Music shifted its focus from popular music to classical and jazz method books.  In 1980, Hansen Music operated seven retail sheet music stores located in San Francisco, Seattle, and Las Vegas. Hansen Music ceased operations in December 1991, and its musical catalog was acquired by Alfred Publications.

Sony Pictures Television
Sony Pictures Television Inc. (abbreviated as SPT) is an American television production and distribution studio and the television arm of Sony Pictures Entertainment, the film studio subsidiary of Sony Group Corporation. Established on September 16, 2002 and based at the Sony Pictures Studios complex in Culver City, California, it is a renaming of the Columbia TriStar Television studio and the fourth and current iteration of what had originated as Columbia Pictures's television studio, Screen Gems.
Connecticut's 125th House of Representatives district
Connecticut's 125th House of Representatives district elects one member of the Connecticut House of Representatives. From 2003 to 2023, it encompassed parts of New Canaan and Wilton. After 2023, portions of Darien and North Stamford were added to the district, while Wilton was removed. The district has been represented by Republican Tom O'Dea since 2013.

Darien, Connecticut
Darien (/ˌdɛəriˈæn/ DAIR-ee-AN) is a coastal town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. It is the smallest town on Connecticut's Gold Coast.

Situated on the Long Island Sound between the cities of Stamford and Norwalk, Darien is a commuter town for New York City. There are two railroad stations in Darien, Noroton Heights and Darien, linking the town to Grand Central Terminal.