hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2017 in Bangladesh
2017 (MMXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2017th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 17th  year of the 3rd millennium and the 21st century, and the  8th   year of the 2010s decade.

The year 2017 was the 46th year after the independence of Bangladesh. It was also the fourth year of the third term of the Government of Sheikh Hasina.

3rd millennium
The third millennium of the Anno Domini or Common Era is the current millennium spanning the years 2001 to 3000. It began on January 1, 2001 (MMI) and will end on December 31, 3000 (MMM), (21st to 30th centuries; in astronomy: JD 2451910.5 – 2817151.5).

Ongoing futures studies seek to understand what will likely continue and what could plausibly change in this period and beyond.
Steven Marsh (geneticist)
Steven G. E. Marsh is a British Immunogeneticist and leader in the field of histocompatibility and immunogenetics having published more than 400 scientific papers on the subject. Marsh is Professor of Immunogenetics within University College London. He was previously the Chief Bioinformatics and Immunogenetics Officer at the charity Anthony Nolan where he headed the HLA Informatics Group .

Marsh has made contributions to standardization of human leukocyte antigen nomenclature as Chair of the World Health Organization's Nomenclature Committee for Factors of the HLA System.

Histocompatibility
Histocompatibility, or tissue compatibility, is the property of having the same, or sufficiently similar, alleles of a set of genes called human leukocyte antigens (HLA), or major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Each individual expresses many unique HLA proteins on the surface of their cells, which signal to the immune system whether a cell is part of the self or an invading organism. T cells recognize foreign HLA molecules and trigger an immune response to destroy the foreign cells. Histocompatibility testing is most relevant for topics related to whole organ, tissue, or stem cell transplants, where the similarity or difference between the donor's HLA alleles and the recipient's triggers the immune system to reject the transplant. The wide variety of potential HLA alleles lead to unique combinations in individuals and make matching difficult.
Grant County Airport (West Virginia)
Grant County Airport (IATA: PGC, FAA LID: W99) is a public use airport in Grant County, West Virginia, United States. It is located one nautical mile (2 km) southwest of the central business district of Petersburg, West Virginia, and owned by the Grant County Airport Authority. This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation facility.

Grant County, West Virginia
Grant County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,976. Its county seat is Petersburg. The county was created from Hardy County in 1866 and named for Civil War General and the 18th president of the United States Ulysses S. Grant.
Cyril J. Knowles
Cyril J. Knowles (1905–1961) was a British cinematographer.  His credits include The Day Will Dawn (1942), Sodom and Gomorrah (1963), the location photography on Caravan (1946), and the African exterior shots on King Solomon's Mines (1937).

The Day Will Dawn
The Day Will Dawn, released in the US as The Avengers, is a 1942 British war film set in Norway during World War II. It stars Ralph Richardson, Deborah Kerr, Hugh Williams and Griffith Jones, and was directed by Harold French from a script written by Anatole de Grunwald, Patrick Kirwan and Terence Rattigan, based on a story by Frank Owen. The music by Richard Addinsell was performed by the London Symphony Orchestra conducted by Muir Mathieson.
David Forman
David Forman is an English actor, stuntman, puppeteer and internet entrepreneur who has played several suit roles in Jim Henson's Creature Shop, notably as the character of Leonardo in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles film (1990). He also served as a stunt performer for The Bear (1988), The NeverEnding Story III (1994), The Flintstones (1994) and Muppet Treasure Island (1996).

Leonardo (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles)
Leonardo, commonly nicknamed Leo, is a superhero appearing in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles comics and related media, and created by American comic book artists Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird. He is one of the main characters of the franchise, along with his brothers, Donatello, Raphael and Michelangelo. Leonardo is traditionally depicted as the leader and strategist of the turtles.

Often shown wearing an ocean blue bandana, his signature weapons are a pair of swords (named katanas in many versions of the series). He is traditionally portrayed as the most mature and disciplined of the Turtles, displaying a stoic demeanor and a strong sense of responsibility. Like his brothers, he is named after an Italian Renaissance artist, in this case Leonardo da Vinci. In the original comics, all four of the Turtles wear red masks, but for the creators to tell them apart, he was written and redrawn to have an ocean-blue mask.
Solitary Rose
"Solitary Rose" is a song by German recording artist Jeanette Biedermann. It was written by her along with AJ Junior and Carl Falk, and produced by the latter for her seventh studio album Undress to the Beat (2009). Released as the album's third and final single in German-speaking Europe in October 2009, the ballad reached the top twenty of the Austrian and German Singles Charts, becoming the album's highest-charting single in Austria and Switzerland. Highly promoted on Sat.1 telenovela Anna und die Liebe, in which Biedermann starred from 2008 until 2012, it marked her last single as solo artist until 2019.

Ö3 Austria Top 40
Ö3 Austria Top 40 is the official Austrian singles chart, as well as the radio show which presents it, aired on Mondays on Hitradio Ö3. The show presents the Austrian singles, ringtones and downloads chart. It premiered on 26 November 1968 as Disc Parade and was presented by Ernst Grissemann.

The weekly number-ones are released by Musikmarkt and GoTV.
Apostolic Vicariate of Thessaloniki
The Apostolic Vicariate of Thessaloniki (Latin: Vicariatus Apostolicus Thessalonicensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or apostolic vicariate of the Catholic Church in northern continental Greece.

It is exempt to the Holy See and is not part of any ecclesiastical province, and remains vacant under apostolic administrators since its only proper apostolic vicar, Alessandro Guidati, was promoted Archbishop of Naxos, Andros, Tinos and Mykonos in 1929.

Its cathedra is within the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, in Thessaloniki.

Exemption (Catholic canon law)
In the Catholic Church, an exemption is the full or partial release of an ecclesiastical person, corporation, or institution from the authority of the ecclesiastical superior next higher in rank. For example, the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Strasbourg, and the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem are exempt, being directly subject to the Holy See.

See exempt dioceses for a list of exempt entities.
Tawgs Salter
Thomas "Tawgs" Salter is a Canadian musician, songwriter, producer, and recording engineer. His extensive body of musical work includes a vast array of artists ranging from Josh Groban, Lights and Lenka to Chantal Kreviazuk, Fefe Dobson, Dear Rouge, Midway State, and USS. Salter has also worked alongside Grammy-winning writer/producer Walter Afanasieff. Salter's music, production and collaborations have been featured on television shows, including Vampire Diaries, Grey's Anatomy, American Idol, and The Simpsons, to films such as Prom Night and Joe Somebody (Tom Wilson).

Prom Night (2008 film)
Prom Night is a 2008 slasher film directed by Nelson McCormick. It is the fifth and final installment of the Prom Night film series and serves as a remake, mainly taking inspiration from the original 1980 film. The film stars Brittany Snow, Scott Porter, Jessica Stroup, Dana Davis, Collins Pennie, Kelly Blatz, James Ransone, Brianne Davis, Johnathon Schaech, and Idris Elba. Prom Night follows Donna Keppel (Snow) and her friends during their senior prom as they are attacked by Richard Fenton (Schaech), an escaped convict who murdered Donna's family three years prior.

Prom Night was released in the United States by Screen Gems on April 11, 2008, and was panned by critics, who criticized its predictability and PG-13 rating and compared it unfavorably to the 1980 film. However, the film was a box office success, grossing $57.2 million worldwide on a $20 million budget.
Freya Mathews
Freya Mathews FAHA is an Australian environmental philosopher whose main work has been in the areas of ecological metaphysics and panpsychism. Her current special interests are in ecological civilization; indigenous (Australian and Chinese) perspectives on "sustainability" and how these perspectives may be adapted to the context of contemporary global society; panpsychism and critique of the metaphysics of modernity; and wildlife ethics and rewilding in the context of the Anthropocene.

Mathews has been teaching in Australian universities since 1979. She currently holds the post of Adjunct Professor of Environmental Philosophy at La Trobe University. Mathews is the author of several books and over seventy articles on ecological philosophy, metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and politics. In addition to her research activities she manages a private biodiversity reserve in northern Victoria, Australia.  She is a fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities.

La Trobe University
La Trobe University is a public research university based in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Its main campus is located in the suburb of Bundoora. The university was established in 1964, becoming the third university in the state of Victoria and the twelfth university in Australia. La Trobe is one of the Australian verdant universities and also part of the Innovative Research Universities group.

La Trobe's original and principal campus is located in the Melbourne metropolitan area, within the northern Melbourne suburb of Bundoora. It is the largest metropolitan campus in the country, occupying over 267 hectares (660 acres). It has two other major campuses located in the regional Victorian city of Bendigo and the twin border cities of Albury-Wodonga. There are two smaller regional campuses in Mildura and Shepparton and a city campus in Melbourne's CBD on Collins Street and in Sydney on Elizabeth Street.

La Trobe offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses across its ten schools.
Harry Potter and the Escape from Gringotts
Harry Potter and the Escape from Gringotts is an indoor steel roller coaster designed by Universal Creative and built by Intamin at Universal Studios Florida, a theme park located within the Universal Orlando Resort. Similar to dark rides, the roller coaster utilizes special effects in a controlled-lighting environment and also employs motion-based 3-D projection of both animation and live-action sequences to enhance the experience. The ride is themed to Gringotts Wizarding Bank, as depicted in the Harry Potter films, and became the flagship attraction for the expanded Wizarding World of Harry Potter – Diagon Alley when it opened on July 8, 2014.

Motion simulator
A motion simulator or motion platform is a mechanism that creates the feelings of being in a real motion environment.  In a simulator, the movement is synchronised with a visual display of the outside world (OTW) scene.  Motion platforms can provide movement in all of the six degrees of freedom (DOF) that can be experienced by an object that is free to move, such as an aircraft or spacecraft:.  These are the three rotational degrees of freedom (roll, pitch, yaw) and three translational or linear degrees of freedom (surge, heave, sway).
Cerebral Palsy Greece
Cerebral Palsy Greece (CPG; Greek: Εταιρεία Προστασίας Σπαστικών) is a Greek nonprofit charitable organization that serves people with cerebral palsy.

Cerebral Palsy Greece was founded as the Athens Spastic Society in 1972. In 2001, thanks to a significant donation made by the Lilian Voudouri Foundation and the success of the TV-Marathon organized by Mega Channel in 1996, CPG built the Open Door Centre of Education and Rehabilitation in Argyroupolis, Greece.

CPG benefitted from the auction sale of some valuable Piaget jewellery featured in the Christie's London sale, SALE 7970 —IMPORTANT JEWELS held on 8 June 2011.

CPG currently serves about 250 people a day and has served over 3000 families.

Argyroupoli
Argyroupoli (Greek: Αργυρούπολη) is a town and a suburb in the southern part of the Athens agglomeration, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the Elliniko-Argyroupoli municipality, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. A bustling suburb today, it is known for its cafés, restaurants, and bars.
Bird Island, Utah
Bird Island is an island located in the southwest quadrant of Utah Lake in Utah County, Utah, located about 8 miles (13 km) southwest of Provo and roughly 2.25 miles off the nearest shore.

The island is primarily gravel and small rocks and has populations of walleye, white bass, and channel catfish. There are a few small trees that can be seen on the island from the nearest shore. In some years, when the water level is high, the island can become completely submerged.

Channel catfish
The channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus),meaning “fish cat with spots”. known informally as the "channel cat", is a species of catfish native to North America. They are North America's most abundant catfish species, and the official state fish of Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska and Tennessee. The channel catfish is the most fished species of catfish in the United States, with around 8 million anglers angling them per year. The popularity of channel catfish for food has contributed to the rapid expansion of this species' aquaculture in the United States. It has also been widely introduced to Europe, Asia and South America, and many countries consider it an invasive species.
The Mouse Turned into a Maid
The Mouse Turned into a Maid is an ancient fable of Indian origin that travelled westwards to Europe during the Middle Ages and also exists in the Far East. The story is Aarne-Thompson type 2031C in his list of cumulative tales,  another example of which is The Husband of the Rat's Daughter. It concerns a search for a partner through a succession of more powerful forces, resolved only by choosing  an equal.

The fable’s classical analogue is Aesop's fable of "Venus and the Cat", in which a man appeals to the goddess Venus to change his cat into a woman. This fable has the themes of incomplete transformation and the impossibility of changing character. It has received many treatments in literature, folklore and the arts.

Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index
The Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index (ATU Index) is a catalogue of folktale types used in folklore studies. The ATU index is the product of a series of revisions and expansions by an international group of scholars: Originally published in German by Finnish folklorist Antti Aarne (1910), the index was translated into English, revised, and expanded by American folklorist Stith Thompson (1928, 1961), and later further revised and expanded by German folklorist Hans-Jörg Uther (2004). The ATU index is an essential tool for folklorists, used along with the Thompson (1932) Motif-Index of Folk-Literature.
John E. Corbally
John Edward Corbally Jr. (October 14, 1924 – July 23, 2004) was an American academic administrator and university president. Corbally led Syracuse University from 1969 to 1971 before becoming president of the University of Illinois system from 1971 to 1979. He held roles in numerous non-profit organizations, including a decade as the first president of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation.

University of Illinois System
The University of Illinois System is a system of public universities in the U.S. state of Illinois, consisting of three campuses located in Chicago, Springfield, and Urbana-Champaign. Across all campuses, the University of Illinois System enrolls more than 101,000 students. It had an operating budget of $7.18 billion in 2021. Its oldest university, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, was established as the state's land grant university in 1867.
Merger doctrine (civil procedure)
The merger doctrine in civil procedure stands for the proposition that when litigants agree to a settlement, and then seek to have their settlement incorporated into a court order, the court order actually extinguishes the settlement and replaces it with the authority of the court to supervise the behavior of the parties. Under this doctrine, the court is free to modify its order as necessary to achieve justice in the case, and may hold a party that breaches the agreement in contempt of court.

In U.S criminal law, merger doctrine holds that if a defendant has committed acts that simultaneously meet the elements of a more serious and less serious offense, the defendant may be charged with the more serious offense and the lesser offense drops in order to avoid implicating double jeopardy.

Double jeopardy
In jurisprudence, double jeopardy is a procedural defence (primarily in common law jurisdictions) that prevents an accused person from being tried again on the same or similar charges following an acquittal or conviction. Double jeopardy is a common concept in criminal law – in civil law, a similar concept is that of res judicata.

A variation in common law countries is the peremptory plea, which may take the specific forms of autrefois acquit ('previously acquitted') or autrefois convict ('previously convicted'). These doctrines appear to have originated in ancient Roman law, in the broader principle non bis in idem ('not twice against the same').
Ramavatar Bairwa
Ramavatar Bairwa (born 1 February 1981) is an Indian politician currently serving as a member of the 16th Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from the Chaksu Assembly constituency. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

Following the 2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election, Bairwa was elected as an MLA from Chaksu. He defeated Indian National Congress candidate Ved Prakash Solanki, securing 104,064 votes.

Rajasthan Legislative Assembly
The Rajasthan Legislative Assembly (ISO: Rājāsthān Vidhān Sabhā), is the unicameral legislature of the state of Rajasthan. It is a vital part of the state government, responsible for making and implementing laws.

The assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan situated in Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan.
Ak Bars Kazan
Hockey Club Ak Bars (Russian: Ак Барс, Tatar: Ак Барс, English: Snow Leopard), also known as Ak Bars Kazan, is a professional ice hockey club based in Kazan, Russia. It is a member of the Kharlamov Division in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

IIHF Continental Cup
The Continental Cup is a second-level ice hockey tournament for European clubs (behind Champions Hockey League), begun in 1997 after the discontinuing of the European Cup. It was intended for teams from countries without representatives in the European Hockey League, with participating teams chosen by the countries' respective ice hockey associations. Hans Dobida served as chairman of the Continental Cup until 2018.
Wenceslaus II, Duke of Opava
Duke Wenceslaus II of Opava (also known as Wenceslaus of Głubczyce; Czech: Václav II. Opavský; c. 1397 – between 1445 and 1447) was a member of the Opavian branch of the Přemyslid dynasty.  He was Duke of Opava from 1433 until his death.  From 1435 until his death, he was also Duke of Głubczyce and Lord of Fulnek.

Přemyslid dynasty
The Přemyslid dynasty or House of Přemysl (Czech: Přemyslovci, German: Przemysliden, Polish: Przemyślidzi) was a Bohemian royal dynasty that reigned in the Duchy of Bohemia and later Kingdom of Bohemia and Margraviate of Moravia (9th century – 1306), as well as in parts of Poland (including Silesia), Hungary and Austria.
1982 Monte Carlo Open – Singles
No defending champions were declared for this edition, as the 1981 Final match between Jimmy Connors and Guillermo Vilas was cancelled due to rain, with the score tied 5–5 in the first set.

Connors did not compete this year, while Vilas successfully managed to win the title, by defeating Ivan Lendl 6–1, 7–6, 6–3 in the final.

This was the only tournament that Björn Borg disputed in the entire season, and the last one before retiring from professional tennis in January 1983. Borg will eventually reach the quarterfinals, before losing to Yannick Noah in straight sets.

Yannick Noah
Yannick Noah (French pronunciation: [janik nɔa]; born 18 May 1960) is a French former professional tennis player and singer, who was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2005. Noah won the French Open in 1983, and is a former captain of both France's Davis Cup and Billie Jean King Cup teams. During his nearly two-decade career, Noah captured 23 singles titles and 16 doubles titles, reaching a career-high singles ranking of world No. 3 in July 1986 and attaining the world No. 1 doubles ranking the following month. Since his retirement from the game, Noah has remained in the public eye as a popular music performer and as the co-founder, with his mother, of a charity organization for underprivileged children. Noah is also the father of former NBA player Joakim Noah.
Nasir Colony
Nasir Colony (Urdu: ناصر کالونی) is a neighbourhood in the Korangi District in eastern Karachi, Pakistan. It was previously part of Korangi Town, which was an administrative unit that was disbanded in 2011.

There are several ethnic groups in Nasir Colony including Muhajirs, Punjabis, Sindhis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Pakhtuns, Balochis, Memons, Christians, Bohras and Ismailis.

Nasir Colony has two large mosques, one church, and one football pitch. Its football club's name is Nasir Sports Football Club.

Maps of Karachi: For accurate depiction of Nasir Colony's location within Korangi District.

Baloch people
The Baloch people or the Balochs are an Iranian nomadic pastoral ethnic group which speaks the Western Iranic Balochi language and are native to the Balochistan region of South and West Asia, occupying parts of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan. There are also Baloch diaspora communities in neighbouring regions, including in Central Asia, and the Arabian Peninsula.

The majority of the Baloch reside within Pakistan. About 50% of the total Baloch population live in the Pakistani province of Balochistan, while 40% are settled in Sindh and a significant albeit smaller number resides in the Pakistani Punjab. They make up 3.6% of Pakistan's total population, 2% of Iran's population, and around 0.5%–1% of the population of Afghanistan, and the largest non-Arab community in Oman.
João Barrento (translator)
João Barrento (born 1940) is a Portuguese writer, critic and translator. He is the winner of the 2023 Camoes Prize.
He was born in Alter do Chao. He studied German at the University of Lisbon (1958–64), where he also wrote a thesis on the work of Harold Pinter. He later taught in Hamburg and Lisbon.

Barrento is one of the pre-eminent Portuguese translators of German literature. He has translated numerous authors, among them Goethe, Robert Musil, Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Erich Fried, Michael Krüger, Gottfried Benn, Christa Wolf, Paul Celan, Johannes Bobrowski, Thomas Bernhard, Georg Trakl, Peter Handke and Heiner Müller.

Alter do Chão
Alter do Chão (European Portuguese pronunciation: [alˈtɛɾ ðu ˈʃɐ̃w] ⓘ) is a town and a municipality in the District of Portalegre in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 3,562, in an area of 362.07 square kilometres (139.80 sq mi).

The present Mayor is Francisco Miranda, elected by a centre-right coalition of the Social Democratic Party and the People's Party. The municipal holiday is Ascension Day. The municipality is famous for its horsebreeding and high school of horseriding.