hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nonode
A nonode is a type of thermionic valve that has nine active electrodes. The term most commonly applies to a seven-grid vacuum tube, also sometimes called an enneode. An example was the EQ80/UQ80, which was used as an FM quadrature detector. It was developed during the introduction of TV and FM radio and delivered an output voltage large enough to directly drive an end pentode while still allowing for some negative feedback. As most of the grids were tied together, even an 8-pin Rimlock base was sufficient in the case of the EQ40.

Electrode
An electrode is an electrical conductor used to make contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit (e.g. a semiconductor, an electrolyte, a vacuum or a gas). In electrochemical cells, electrodes are essential parts that can consist of a variety of materials (chemicals) depending on the type of cell.  An electrode may be called either a cathode or anode according to the direction of the electric current, unrelated to the potential difference between electrodes.

Michael Faraday coined the term "electrode" in 1833; the word recalls the Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron, "amber") and ὁδός (hodós, "path, way").

The electrophore, invented by Johan Wilcke in 1762, was an early version of an electrode used to study static electricity.
Annibale Berton
Annibale Berton (8 March 1936 – 30 December 2004) was an Italian sprint canoer who competed in the early 1960s. At the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, he was eliminated in the semifinals of the K-1 4 × 500 m event.

Canoeing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's K-1 4 × 500 metres
The men's K-1 4 × 500 metres event was a relay kayaking event conducted over 500 meters as part of the Canoeing at the 1960 Summer Olympics program on Lake Albano. This would be the only time this event was held in the Summer Olympics though it was part of the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships from 1948 to 1975.
Boxing at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Welterweight
The men's welterweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1924 Summer Olympics. The weight class was the fourth-heaviest contested, and allowed boxers of up to 147 pounds (66.7 kilograms). The competition was held from Tuesday, July 15, 1924, to Sunday, July 20, 1924. 29 boxers from 19 nations competed. Giuseppe Oldani was disqualified in his round of 16 bout against Douglas Lewis by referee T. H. Walker for persistent holding. Oldani's supporters pelted Walker with sticks, coins and walking stick knobs. This went on for nearly an hour, until Walker was escorted from the arena under the protection of several British, American and South African boxers.

Douglas Lewis (boxer)
Douglas Lewis (August 6, 1898 – February 19, 1981) was a welterweight professional boxer from Canada, who competed in the 1920s. Lewis trained out of Toronto's Praestamus Athletic Club, where Larry Gains also trained. He won the bronze medal in Boxing at the 1924 Summer Olympics in the welterweight division, losing against Jean Delarge in the semi-finals. He was born in Toronto, Ontario. After his boxing career, he moved to Los Angeles, California where he was a boxing trainer. In 1951, he obtained a patent for a new kind of boxing hand bandage.
John Tiarks
John Gerhard Tiarks (5 April 1903 – 2 January 1974) was an Anglican bishop whose ecclesiastical career spanned forty five years in the mid twentieth century.

Educated at Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge and ordained in 1927 — he was deaconed at Petertide 1926 (4 July) and priested the next Trinity Sunday (12 June 1927), both times by Albert David, Bishop of Liverpool, at Liverpool Cathedral — he began his career with a curacy at Christ Church Southport after which he was Vicar of Norris Green. He then held further incumbencies in  Widnes and St Helens before becoming Provost of Bradford Cathedral. In 1962 he became Bishop of Chelmsford, a post he held for nine years. He was consecrated a bishop on 24 February 1962 by Michael Ramsey, Archbishop of Canterbury, at Westminster Abbey; he was second-cousin to Geoffrey Tiarks (Bishop of Maidstone, 1969–1976).

Michael Ramsey
Arthur Michael Ramsey, Baron Ramsey of Canterbury (14 November 1904 – 23 April 1988), was a British Anglican bishop and life peer. He served as the 100th Archbishop of Canterbury in the Church of England. He was appointed on 31 May 1961 and held the office until 1974, having previously been appointed Bishop of Durham in 1952 and the Archbishop of York in 1956.

He was known as a theologian, educator, and advocate of Christian unity.
Ramiro Ramírez
Ramiro Ramírez Estenor (January 27, 1896 – death unknown) was a Cuban professional baseball outfielder and manager in the Negro leagues and Cuban League.

A native of Guanabacoa, Cuba, Ramírez made his Negro leagues debut in 1916 for the Cuban Stars (East). He went on to play into the 1930s, including stints in the Cuban League with Almendares and Marianao. He served as player/manager of the Cuban House of David/Pollock's Cuban Stars from 1931 to 1933. In 1948, he managed the Indianapolis Clowns.

Marianao (baseball)
The Marianao baseball club played in the Cuban Professional League from the 1922–1923 season through to the 1960–1961 season. The club represented the populous town of Marianao in Havana and played their games at La Tropicana Stadium, official site of the league.
Diagnosis of tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is diagnosed by finding Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria in a clinical specimen taken from the patient.  While other investigations may strongly suggest tuberculosis as the diagnosis, they cannot confirm it.

A complete medical evaluation for tuberculosis (TB) must include a medical history, a physical examination, a chest X-ray and microbiological examination (of sputum or some other appropriate sample).  It may also include a tuberculin skin test, other scans and X-rays, surgical biopsy.

Chest radiograph
A chest radiograph, chest X-ray (CXR), or  chest film is a projection radiograph of the chest used to diagnose conditions affecting the chest, its contents, and nearby structures. Chest radiographs are the most common film taken in medicine.

Like all methods of radiography, chest radiography employs ionizing radiation in the form of X-rays to generate images of the chest. The mean radiation dose to an adult from a chest radiograph is around 0.02 mSv (2 mrem) for a front view (PA, or posteroanterior) and 0.08 mSv (8 mrem) for a side view (LL, or latero-lateral). Together, this corresponds to a background radiation equivalent time of about 10 days.
Jorge G. Durand
Jorge Guillermo Durand Arp-Nisen (born 1949 in Lima, Peru) is a research professor of anthropology at the University of Guadalajara and the Center for Economic Research and Teaching (CIDE). He is co-director with Douglas S. Massey on the Mexican Migration Project. (since 1987) and the Latin American Migration Project (since 1996), sponsored by the universities of Princeton and Guadalajara. He is a member of the American Philosophical Society, National Academy of Sciences, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In Mexico, he is a member of the National System of Researchers (Level III) of the Mexican Academy of Sciences. Further, he has been granted the Guggenheim Fellowship for Social Sciences award in the Latin American & Caribbean Competition, as well as the Bronislaw Malinowski Award by the Society for Applied Anthropology.

Mexican Academy of Sciences
The Mexican Academy of Sciences (Academia Mexicana de Ciencias) is a non-profit organization comprising over 1800 Mexican scientists, attached to various institutions in the country, as well as a number of foreign colleagues, including various Nobel Prize winners.
Miroslav Poliaček
Miroslav Poliaček (born 13 July 1983) is a Slovak football executive and former professional player who played as a midfielder. He is currently the general manager of Železiarne Podbrezová.

Before that, he played for Pohronie and Polish side Limanovia Limanowa. His former clubs also include 1. FC Tatran Prešov and the Gambrinus liga club Slovácko.

1. FC Tatran Prešov
FC Tatran Prešov (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈtatran ˈpreʂɔw]) is a Slovak football club based in the city of Prešov. Tatran Prešov is the oldest football club in Slovakia, founded on 25 May 1898. The club set to participate in the Slovak First Football League from 2025–26, the top tier of Slovak football after promotion from 2. Liga in 2024–25. The "Green and Whites" played 32 seasons in the Czechoslovak top division. Tatran became the dark horse of the Czechoslovak league in the 1960s and 1970s, but never won a title. The greatest league success was the second place in the 1965 and 1973 seasons. The club also came close in the Czechoslovak Cup, losing twice in 1966 and 1992 finals.
Canoeing at the 2015 Pan American Games – Men's slalom C-1
The men's slalom C-1 canoeing event at the 2015 Pan American Games will be held between the 18th and 19 July at the Minden Wild Water Preserve in Minden Hills. At the Pan American Sports Organization's 2013 general assembly in Jamaica, canoe slalom competitions were added to the program. This will be the first time slalom has been staged at the Pan American Games. Furthermore, women will also compete in canoe races for the first time ever in both disciplines. The winners of the four canoe slalom competitions (besides the C-1 women event, which is not an Olympic event) will qualify for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. If the host nation of the Olympics (Brazil) wins the event, the runner up will qualify instead.

Panam Sports
Panam Sports, officially the Pan American Sports Organization (Spanish: Organización Deportiva Panamericana), is an international organization which represents the current 41 National Olympic Committees of the American continents.

It is affiliated with the International Olympic Committee and its affiliated bodies, including ANOC, the Association of National Olympic Committees, and serves as the continental association of the American Continents.

The organization's flagship event is the quadrennial Pan American Games, held since 1951. The Parapan American Games were inaugurated in 1999 for disabled athletes and are held alongside the able-bodied Pan American Games. The Pan American Winter Games, for winter sports, were held only once in 1990. The Pan American Sports Festival was inaugurated in 2014 as a developmental event for the region's athletes.
Eustathius of Thessalonica
Eustathius of Thessalonica (or Eustathios of Thessalonike; Greek: Εὐστάθιος Θεσσαλονίκης; c. 1115 – c. 1195/6) was a Byzantine Greek scholar and Archbishop of Thessalonica and is a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church. He is most noted for his stand against the sack of Thessalonica by the Normans in 1185, contemporary account of the event, for his orations and for his commentaries on Homer, which incorporate many remarks by much earlier researchers.

He was officially canonized on June 10, 1988, and his feast day is on September 20.

Rhomaioi
Rhomaioi or Romaioi (Ῥωμαῖοι) were the Greek-speaking inhabitants of Southern Europe and Western Asia that identified as Romans starting from Late Antiquity. Although modern scholarship commonly refers to these populations as Byzantines, Eastern Romans, or Byzantine Greeks, they consistently understood their identity as Roman, rooted in imperial continuity, the Christian faith, and the Greek language and culture. Over time, Rhōmaios became closely associated with the Eastern Orthodox Church as well as Greek speech, and the identity continued in use among Greek Orthodox communities after the fall of Constantinople in 1453.
Ophiomorus tridactylus
Ophiomorus tridactylus, commonly known as the three-toed snake skink,  is a species of skink endemic to sandy desert areas of South Asia. It is also called the Indian sand-swimmer for its habit of moving just under the sand.

Skink
Skinks are lizards that constitute the family Scincidae, which is part of the infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one of the most diverse families of lizards. Skinks are characterized by their smaller legs in comparison to typical lizards and are found in different habitats except arctic and subarctic regions.
Pammal Nallathambi
Pammal Nallathambi was an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from Tambaram constituency as a Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate in 1980 election.

Tambaram Assembly constituency
Tambaram is a state assembly constituency in Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu, India. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 31. It includes all wards from Zone 4 and Zone 5, wards comprising the rest of the areas other than Hashinapuram and Nemilichery in Zone 3 of Tambaram City Municipal Corporation and Agaramthen, Madurapakkam and Kovilanchery villages in St. Thomas Mount Panchayat Union. It forms a part of Sriperumbudur Lok Sabha constituency for national elections. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu in India.
Lizarazo
Lizarazo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfonso Lizarazo (born 1940), Colombian host and politician

Carlos Lizarazo (born 1991), Colombian football player

Jeinny Lizarazo (born 1988), Venezuelan actress, television hostess, and model

Jose Antonio Osorio Lizarazo (1900–1964), Colombian writer

Yuliana Lizarazo (born 1993), Colombian tennis player

Carlos Lizarazo
Carlos David Lizarazo Landazury (born 26 April 1991) is a Colombian football player who plays as a forward and midfielder for Categoría Primera A side Deportivo Cali.

In 2016, he went out on loan to FC Dallas of Major League Soccer.
Simons River
The Simons River is a short river in Delaware in the United States, approximately 3 mi (5 km) long. It drains a wetlands area on the southern shore of Delaware Bay.

It is formed in Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge approximately 5 mi (8 km) northwest of Dover, Delaware, by the confluence of Herring Branch and Green Creek. It flows in a serpentine course to the Delaware. The river is flanked on the north by the mouth of the Leipsic River.

Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge
The Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge is a 15,978-acre (64.66 km2) National Wildlife Refuge located along the eastern coast of Kent County, Delaware, United States, on Delaware Bay. It was established on March 16, 1937, as a refuge and breeding ground for migratory and wintering waterfowl along the Atlantic Flyway. The Refuge was purchased from local land owners with federal duck stamp funds.

Today, the refuge protects wildlife of all kinds, with emphasis on all migratory birds. The refuge also contains the Allee House, a pre-revolutionary war farmhouse on the National Register of Historic Places. It is a stop on Delaware's Coastal Heritage Greenway.
Tom Peterson (volleyball)
Tom Peterson is an American college volleyball coach. He won two national championships in NCAA Division I men's volleyball with Penn State in 1994 and BYU in 2004. His Penn State team was the first team outside of California to win the men's volleyball national title. He is also the only coach to lead two different schools to men's volleyball championships.

He was formerly the head women's volleyball coach at Salt Lake Community College, Utah State, New Mexico, and Weber State.

Salt Lake Community College
Salt Lake Community College (SLCC) is a public community college in Salt Lake County, Utah.  It is the state's largest two-year college with the most diverse student body. It serves almost 50,000 students on eight campuses, as well as through online classes. The college has a student-to-faculty ratio of 19:1. Since SLCC is a community college, it focuses on providing associate degrees that students can transfer to any other four-year university in the state to satisfy their first two years of requirements for a bachelor's degree. SLCC has open enrollment and serves the local community, with about 95% of the student body considered Utah residents.
Paul Castiglia
Paul Castiglia is an American comic book writer and editor known for his work for Archie Comics, including his work on Sonic the Hedgehog, Archie's Weird Mysteries and his editing work on the Archie Americana Series. He has also written non-fiction text articles for magazines and books on pop culture, has recorded music under the name Paul Cast, is a documentary film producer, and is the co-writer of two animated series, Thomas & Friends Adventures for Mattel Toys, and Cocoa Talk for Minno.

Archie Americana Series
The Archie Americana Series is a series of comic book trade paperbacks, published by Archie Comics from 1991 to 2011. The series attempts to present a history of Archie comics, with each book featuring significant stories from a specific decade, and featuring introductions by famous writers and celebrities.  The series initially covered the entire span between the 1940s and the 1990s with stories showcasing some of the more significant stories from those decades. Archie Comics has printed "book 2" for those decades.
2023 Internazionali di Tennis Città di Vicenza – Doubles
Francisco Comesaña and Luciano Darderi were the defending champions but only Comesaña chose to defend his title, partnering Román Andrés Burruchaga. Comesaña lost in the quarterfinals to Anirudh Chandrasekar and Vijay Sundar Prashanth.

Chandrasekar and Prashanth won the title after defeating Fernando Romboli and Marcelo Zormann 6–3, 6–2 in the final.

Marcelo Zormann
Marcelo Zormann da Silva (born 10 June 1996) is a Brazilian tennis player.
He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 92 achieved on 20 May 2024. He also has an ATP career high singles ranking of No. 467 achieved on 13 June 2016.
Tafito Lafaele
Tafito Lafaele (born 17 February 2001) is a New Zealand rugby league player. She made her Black Ferns test debut in 2022. She played for the Blues Women in the Super Rugby Aupiki competition and represented Auckland provincially. She joined the Brisbane Broncos NRLW squad in 2023, making her debut on August 27 against the Canberra Raiders.

Test match (rugby union)
A test match in rugby union is an international match, usually played between two senior national teams, that is recognised as such by at least one of the teams' national governing bodies.

Some teams do not represent a single country but their international games are still considered test matches (for example the British and Irish Lions). Likewise some countries award caps for games between their full national teams and some invitation teams such as the Barbarians.
Tarata Canton
Tarata Canton (Quechua: T'arata) is one of the cantons of the Tarata Municipality, the first municipal section of the Esteban Arce Province in the Cochabamba Department in central Bolivia. Its seat is the town of Tarata (3,323 inhabitants, census 2001).

Cochabamba Department
Cochabamba (Aymara: Quchapampa Jach'a Suyu, Spanish: Departamento de Cochabamba pronounced [kotʃaˈβamba] ⓘ, Quechua: Quchapampa Suyu), from Quechua qucha or qhucha, meaning "lake", pampa meaning "plain", is one of the nine departments of Bolivia. It is known to be the breadbasket of the country because of its variety of agricultural products from its geographical position. It has an area of 55,631 km2. Its population in the 2024 census was 2,005,373. Its capital is the city of Cochabamba, known as the "City of Eternal Spring" and "The Garden City" because of its spring-like temperatures all year.
91st Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
91st Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery (91st HAA Rgt) was a part-time unit of Britain's Territorial Army (TA) formed in the West Riding of Yorkshire just before the outbreak of World War II. Its service during the war included Home Defence during the Battle of Britain and The Blitz, and a length period in Middle East Forces. Postwar, it continued to serve in the TA in the air defence role until 1955.

Arborfield Green
Arborfield Green is a new village approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) south east of the village of Arborfield Cross in the English county of Berkshire, previously a British Army garrison called Arborfield Garrison. The army vacated the site in 2015 and it is now being redeveloped for housing, with a total of 3,500 homes planned. The Garrison and its associated housing estates are split between the civil parishes of Arborfield and Newland, Barkham, Finchampstead, and Swallowfield. Both parishes are within the unitary authority of Wokingham. According to the Post Office, the majority of the 2011 Census population was included in the civil parish of Barkham. As of 2023, the new village centre is still under construction.
Verdi Inlet
Verdi Inlet (71°36′S 74°30′W﻿ / ﻿71.600°S 74.500°W﻿ / -71.600; -74.500) is an ice-filled inlet lying between Pesce Peninsula and Harris Peninsula, on the north side of the Beethoven Peninsula, situated in the southwest portion of Alexander Island, Antarctica. The inlet was observed from the air and first roughly mapped by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition in 1947–48. Remapped from the RARE air photos by Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960. Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Giuseppe Verdi (1813–1901), Italian opera composer.

Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition
The Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) was an aerial survey of the Falkland Islands Dependencies and the Antarctic Peninsula which took place in the 1955–56 and 1956–57 southern summers.

Funded by the Colonial Office and organized by Peter Mott, the survey was carried out by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd.  The expedition was based at Deception Island and utilized the Oluf Sven, two Canso flying-boats, and several helicopters.

The photographic collection, held by the British Antarctic Survey as the United Kingdom Antarctic Mapping Centre, comprises about 12,800 frames taken on 26,700 kilometers of ground track.
Origin of the Oak Ridges Moraine
The Oak Ridges Moraine is a geological landform that runs east-west across south central Ontario, Canada. It developed about 12,000 years ago, during the Wisconsin glaciation in North America. A complex ridge of sedimentary material, the moraine is known to have partially developed under water. The Niagara Escarpment played a key role in forming the moraine in that it acted as a dam for glacial meltwater trapped between it and two ice lobes.

In order to understand the process by which the moraine formed, it is necessary to understand the physical geography in which it currently exists (that is, its physiography), and the layers of sediments found within it (the stratigraphy of the moraine).

Landform
A landform is a land feature on the solid surface of the Earth or other planetary body. They may be natural or may be anthropogenic (caused or influenced by human activity). Landforms together make up a given terrain, and their arrangement in the landscape is known as topography. Landforms include hills, mountains, canyons, and valleys, as well as shoreline features such as bays, peninsulas, and seas, including submerged features such as mid-ocean ridges, volcanoes, and the great oceanic basins.