hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Partition of a set
In mathematics, a partition of a set is a grouping of its elements into non-empty subsets, in such a way that every element is included in exactly one subset.

Every equivalence relation on a set defines a partition of this set, and every partition defines an equivalence relation. A set equipped with an equivalence relation or a partition is sometimes called a setoid, typically in type theory and proof theory.

Proof theory
Proof theory is a major branch of mathematical logic and theoretical computer science within which proofs are treated as formal mathematical objects, facilitating their analysis by mathematical techniques. Proofs are typically presented as inductively defined data structures such as lists, boxed lists, or trees, which are constructed according to the axioms and rules of inference of a given logical system. Consequently, proof theory is syntactic in nature, in contrast to model theory, which is semantic in nature.

Some of the major areas of proof theory include structural proof theory, ordinal analysis, provability logic, proof-theoretic semantics, reverse mathematics, proof mining, automated theorem proving, and proof complexity. Much research also focuses on applications in computer science, linguistics, and philosophy.
Liverpool City (1906)
Liverpool City was a semi-professional rugby league club. The club was based in the Stanley area of Liverpool, a metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England.

The club played in the Rugby League for only one season, in 1906–07.

Metropolitan borough
A metropolitan borough (or metropolitan district) is a type of local government district in England. Created in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972, metropolitan boroughs are defined in English law as metropolitan districts within metropolitan counties. All of the metropolitan districts have been granted or regranted royal charters giving them borough status (and in some cases, they also have city status). Metropolitan boroughs have been effectively unitary authority areas since the abolition of metropolitan county councils by the Local Government Act 1985. Metropolitan boroughs pool much of their authority in joint boards and other arrangements that cover whole metropolitan counties, such as local enterprise partnerships and combined authorities, with most of the latter having a directly elected metropolitan mayor.
Charles-Auguste Lebourg
Charles-Auguste Lebourg (20 February 1829 – February 1906) was a French sculptor, best known for the sculptural design of the Wallace fountains, which are found in virtually every quarter of Paris and in various cities throughout the world.  He also created numerous statues and busts in bronze and marble, winning recognition at various Salons and World's Fairs throughout the latter half of the nineteenth century. His work is on display at the Musée d'Orsay in Paris and the Fine Arts Museum in Nantes, as well as various parks and cemeteries in France.

Fine Arts Museum of Nantes
The Fine Arts Museum of Nantes (French: Musée d'Arts de Nantes), along with 14 other provincial museums, was created, by consular decree on 14 Fructidor in year IX (31 August 1801). Today the museum is one of the largest museums in the region.

The facades, roof and stairs in the building that houses the art collections have been registered as historical monuments since 29 October 1975.

On 18 December 2011, the museum closed its doors for what was initially expected to be two years at most, to carry out extension expansion work. Due to problems associate with the discovery of ground water in the foundations, which required almost four years of additional work, the reopening of the entire building (renamed the "Art Museum of Nantes") was postponed until 23 June 2017.
Armored Brigade "Vittorio Veneto"
The Armored Brigade "Vittorio Veneto" was an armored brigade of the Italian Army. Its core units were armored and mechanized cavalry squadrons groups. The brigade's headquarters was in the city of Villa Opicina, with most of its units based in the Province of Trieste. The brigade's name was chosen to remember the decisive Italian World War I victory at the Battle of Vittorio Veneto.

Cervignano del Friuli
Cervignano del Friuli (Friulian: Çarvignan, locally Sarvignan; Latin: Cervenianum; Slovene: Červinjan) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine, in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy. It is the most important town of Bassa Friulana. It lies at about 12 kilometres (7 mi) from the Laguna di Grado and at about 18 kilometres (11 mi) from the Adriatic Sea; from the point of view of viability, its position is peculiar since it lies at the junction of the SS14, linking Venice to Trieste, and the SS352, linking Udine to Grado. Nevertheless, it is in Cervignano that the railroad from Austria, passing through Tarvisio and Udine, ends, and is linked to the one from Venice to Trieste. Its frazione (borough) of Strassoldo is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Dean House (Portland, Arkansas)
The Dean House is a historic house off U.S. Route 165 in Portland, Arkansas.  The 1+1⁄2-story house was designed by architect Charles L. Thompson and built c. 1910.  Stylistically, it is a Creole cottage, a simple rectangular shape mounted in a foundation with brick piers.  The roof extends over a wraparound porch, which is supported by Tuscan columns.  The roof is pierced by a pair of gabled dormers that are decorated with fish-scale shingles.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

U.S. Route 165
U.S. Route 165 is a north–south United States highway spur of U.S. Highway 65.  It currently runs for 412 miles (663 km) from U.S. Route 90 in Iowa, Louisiana north to U.S. Highway 70 in North Little Rock, Arkansas. The route passes through the states of Arkansas and Louisiana.  It passes through the cities of Monroe and Alexandria in Louisiana. A segment of US 165 serves as a routing of the Great River Road within Arkansas.
Disturbed (album)
Disturbed is the third album by American rapper Coo Coo Cal. It was released on September 18, 2001, through Tommy Boy Records. Production was mostly handled by Bigg Hank, though Rated X, Bink!, DJ Cipha Sounds, Double 8 and KayGee also contributed production to the album. It features guest appearances from Midwikid, Mr. Do It To Death, Gage, Koffee Brown, Lil' Niq, Mocha, Nothing Typical, Twista, Indo G, Kurupt and Trick Daddy.

The album found mild success in the United States, reaching 45 on the Billboard 200, number 15 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number one on the Independent Albums. Its lead single, "My Projects", made it to number 81 on the Billboard Hot 100, number 22 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and topped the Hot Rap Songs chart in the US.

KayGee
Keir Lamont Gist (born September 15, 1969), professionally known by his stage name KayGee, is an American DJ and producer from East Orange, New Jersey, best known as a member of hip hop trio Naughty by Nature. He has won a Grammy Award for Best Rap Album at the 38th Annual Grammy Awards for Poverty's Paradise. KayGee parted ways with Naughty by Nature in 2000, but rejoined the group in 2006.

In the mid-'90s, Gist created his own R&B-oriented record label, Illtown, which was evolved and developed into Divine Mill, where he discovered and signed acts such as Zhané, Next, Jaheim, Tha' Rayne and Koffee Brown.
Erich Loewenhardt
Oberleutnant Erich Loewenhardt (7 April 1897 – 10 August 1918) was a German soldier and military aviator who fought in the First World War and became a fighter ace credited with 54 confirmed aerial victories. Originally enlisting in an infantry regiment even though he was only 17, he fought in the Battle of Tannenberg, winning a battlefield commission on 2 October 1914. He would serve in the Carpathians and on the Italian Front before being medically discharged in mid-1915. Following a five month recuperation, Loewenhardt joined the Imperial German Air Service in 1916. After serving as an aerial observer and reconnaissance pilot, he underwent advanced training to become a fighter pilot with Jagdstaffel 10 in March 1917. Between 24 March 1917 and 10 August 1918, Loewenhardt shot down 45 enemy airplanes, as well as destroying nine observation balloons. Shortly after his final victory, he was killed in a collision with another German pilot.

Oberleutnant
Oberleutnant (English: First Lieutenant) is a senior lieutenant officer rank in the German-speaking armed forces of Germany (Bundeswehr), the Austrian Armed Forces, and the Swiss Armed Forces. In Austria, Oberleutnant is also a designation for certain positions in the federal police and prison guards. In the former West Germany, it was also a rank in the Federal Border Protection (Bundesgrenzschutz).
Nicholas George
Nicholas Thomas Peter George (born 29 February 1972) is  an English cricketer.  George is a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium pace.  He was born at Penzance, Cornwall.

George made his Minor Counties Championship debut for Cornwall in 1995 against Wales Minor Counties.  From 1995 to 2006, he represented the county in 31 Minor Counties Championship matches, the last of which came against Wiltshire.  George also represented Cornwall in the MCCA Knockout Trophy.  His debut in that competition came against Dorset in 1999.  From 1999 to 2005, he represented the county in 10 Trophy matches, the last of which came against Wiltshire.

George has also represented Cornwall in 2 List A matches.  These came both against Cheshire in the 1st round of the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy and in the 1st round of the 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was played in 2001.  In his 2 List A matches, he took a single wickets at a bowling average of 49.00, with best figures of 1/49.

Wales National County Cricket Club
Wales National County Cricket Club is one of the 20 county clubs that compete in the National Counties Cricket Championship. It represents all of the historic counties of Wales except Glamorgan, and is the only non-English team in the competition.

The team is currently a member of the National Counties Cricket Championship Western Division, having joined in 1988 (under the name Wales Minor Counties) after Somerset's second eleven left the competition, and plays in the NCCA Knockout Trophy. Wales National County played List A matches occasionally from 1993 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team per se.
1935 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship
The 1935 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship was the 18th staging of the All-Ireland Junior Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1912.

Waterford entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Limerick in the Munster final.

The All-Ireland final was played on 13 October 1935 at Mountsfield Park in Catford, between Limerick and London, in what was their first ever meeting in a final. Limerick won the match by 4–09 to 3–03 to claim their first ever championship title.

Mountsfield Park
Mountsfield Park is a public park in Catford, near to Hither Green within the London Borough of Lewisham. It opened in 1905 and has since been greatly enlarged, incorporating a former football ground, The Mount, and adjacent allotments and playing fields. The nearest railway stations are Hither Green, Ladywell and Lewisham Station. Catford and Catford Bridge are also nearby.
Ken Keller
Kenneth W. Keller (August 16, 1922 – February 24, 1983) was an American professional basketball player. At 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m) and 180 pounds (82 kg), he played as a guard for the Washington Capitols and the Providence Steamrollers during the 1946–47 BAA season. He attended the University of Vermont and St. John's University.

Washington Capitols
The Washington Capitols were a Basketball Association of America (forerunner of the National Basketball Association) team based in Washington, D.C. from 1946 to 1951. The team was coached from 1946 to 1949 by NBA Hall of Famer Red Auerbach.
Kinare (tribe)
Kinare is a name given to one of the sub-tribes of the Ogiek community which is found within Kenya. The original name is Akiek pa Kinare. They generally spoke a Kalenjin dialect. A pre-colonial Kikuyu leader by the name of Waiyaki Wa Hinga had some roots in this community which has led to many theories being created about him being a Kalenjin and not a Kikuyu.

Kalenjin languages
The Kalenjin languages are a family of a dozen Southern Nilotic languages spoken in Kenya, eastern Uganda and northern Tanzania. The term Kalenjin comes from an expression meaning 'I say (to you)' or 'I have told you' (present participle tense). Kalenjin in this broad linguistic sense should not be confused with Kalenjin as a term for the common identity the Nandi-speaking peoples of Kenya assumed halfway through the twentieth century; see Kalenjin people and Kalenjin language.
Frobenius endomorphism
In commutative algebra and field theory, the Frobenius endomorphism (after Ferdinand Georg Frobenius) is a special endomorphism of commutative rings with prime characteristic p, an important class that includes finite fields. The endomorphism maps every element to its p-th power. In certain contexts it is an automorphism, but this is not true in general.

European Mathematical Society
The European Mathematical Society (EMS) is a European organization dedicated to the development of mathematics in Europe. Its members are different mathematical societies in Europe, academic institutions and individual mathematicians. The current president is Jan Philip Solovej, professor at the Department of Mathematics at the University of Copenhagen.
Portrait of William Gordon
Portrait of William Gordon is an 1766 portrait painting by the Italian artist Pompeo Batoni. It depicts the Scottish soldier Colonel William Gordon. Gordon was on his Grand Tour when he sat to Batoni in Rome. He is shown wearing the uniform of the 105th Foot, a Highland regiment of the British Army which he had commanded during the Seven Years' War. Distinctly Neoclassical in tone, the Huntly Tartan plaids resemble those of a Roman toga. A statue of Roma and the ruins of the Colosseum in the background reinforces this association. Gordon likely chose to be depicted in Highland costume, at a time when it was still had lingering association with Jacobite sympathies. James Boswell saw the painting in Batoni's studio during his visit to Rome.

The painting is in the collection of Fyvie Castle in Aberdeenshire, controlled by the National Trust for Scotland.

National Trust for Scotland
The National Trust for Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Urras Nàiseanta na h-Alba) is a Scottish conservation organisation. It is the largest membership organisation in Scotland and describes itself as "the charity that cares for, shares and speaks up for Scotland's magnificent heritage".

The trust owns and manages around 130 properties and 76,000 hectares (190,000 acres; 760 km2) of land, including castles, ancient small dwellings, historic sites, gardens, coastline, mountains and countryside. It is similar in function to the National Trust, which covers England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, and to other national trusts worldwide.
2008 Korea Open Super Series
The 2008 Korea Open Super Series is the second tournament of the 2008 BWF Super Series in badminton. It was held in Seoul, South Korea from January 22 to January 27, 2008.

The men's singles final marred by the incident between Lin Dan and Korea coach Li Mao.

Yu Yang (badminton)
Yu Yang (Chinese: 于洋; pinyin: Yú Yáng; born 7 April 1986) is a retired Chinese badminton player specializing in doubles. She is an Olympic Games gold medalist, three time World Champion and four time Asian Champion. Yu was part of the China winning team in four Sudirman Cup, three Uber Cup, two Asian Games, and in a Asia Team Championships.

She graduated with a bachelor's degree from the University of Science and Technology of China.
Chris Sulages
Chris Sulages (born January 25, 1973) is an American football coach and former player. He was the head football coach at Lewis & Clark College from 2006 until 2015. Sulages revived the Pioneers football program from consecutive winless seasons in 2006 and 2007 to a 7–2 record and second place in the Northwest Conference in 2011, which earned him the distinction of D3football.com's West Region Coach of the Year.

Northwest Conference
The Northwest Conference (NWC) is an intercollegiate athletic conference which competes in the NCAA's Division III.  Member teams are located in the states of Oregon and Washington. It was known as the Pacific Northwest Conference from 1925 to 1984.
Oala Oala-Rarua
Oala Oala-Rarua (12 June 1934 – 17 May 1980) was a Papua New Guinean educator, civil servant, trade unionist, politician and diplomat. He served as a member of the House of Assembly and Assistant Minister for the Treasury between 1968 and 1972, later becoming the first Lord Mayor of Port Moresby and High Commissioner to Australia.

House of Assembly of Papua and New Guinea
The House of Assembly of Papua and New Guinea was the legislature of the territory of Papua and New Guinea from 1964 to 1975. Before 1964, the Legislative Council of Papua and New Guinea sat from 1951 to 1964 under the Papua and New Guinea Act 1949. After independence in 1975, the legislature was renamed from the House of Assembly of Papua New Guinea to the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea.

From 1884 to 1902, Papua or British New Guinea was administered by Britain and then transferred to direct rule by Australia under the Papua Act 1906. Australian rule was interrupted during World War II.
Vytoč mého agenta
Vytoč mého agenta (Slovak title: Vytoč môjho agenta; English: Call My Agent) is a Czech-Slovak comedy drama television series coproduced by FTV Prima and TV JOJ. It is a Czech and Slovak version of French series Call My Agent!. It was initially released on Prima+ and JOJ Play streaming services before being broadcast in television. Many Czech and Slovak celebrities appeared in the series as fictional versions of themselves.

TV JOJ
TV JOJ is a Slovak private television channel owned by J&T Enterprises and launched in March 2002. The channel screens serial dramas and TV shows. The name JOJ is derived from a Slovak interjection, comparable to oh là là.
Minaminaka District, Miyazaki
(Japan > Miyazaki Prefecture > Minaminaka District)

Minaminaka (南那珂郡, Minaminaka-gun) was a district located in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan.

Until the day before the dissolution, the district contained two towns.

Kitagō (北郷町; Kitagō-chō)

Nangō (南郷町; Nangō-chō)

Districts of Japan
In Japan, a district (郡, gun) is composed of one or more rural municipalities (towns or villages) within a prefecture. Districts have no governing function, and are only used for geographic or statistical purposes such as mailing addresses. Cities are not part of districts.

Historically, districts have at times functioned as an administrative unit.  From 1878 to 1921 district governments were roughly equivalent to a county of the United States, ranking below prefecture and above town or village, on the same level as a city. District governments were entirely abolished by 1926.
Retailers Association of India
Retailers Association of India (RAI) is an Indian retail trade association. A not-for-profit organization, it represents the rights of Indian retailers. Its members include chain store retailers, independent retailers, e-commerce retailers and retail service providers across India. RAI is involved with retail advocacy, organizing conferences, knowledge-sharing initiatives and training programs.

As of 2021, the association represents 500,000 stores across the nation. It has requested the Government of Maharashtra to allow malls and shopping centres in Maharashtra to operate with the necessary precautions to save employment and improve the economy.

Chain store
A chain store or retail chain is a retail outlet in which several locations share a brand, central management, and standardized business practices. They have come to dominate many retail markets, dining markets, and service categories in many parts of the world. A franchised retail establishment is one form of a chain store.  In 2005, the world's largest retail chain, Walmart, became the world's largest corporation based on gross sales.
Clayworth (Bassetlaw electoral ward)
Clayworth is an electoral ward in the district of Bassetlaw. The ward elects one councillor to Bassetlaw District Council using the first past the post electoral system for a four-year term in office. The number of registered voters in the ward is 1,530 as of 2019.

It consists of the villages of Clayworth, Clarborough, Hayton and Wiseton.

The ward was created in 2002 following a review of electoral boundaries in Bassetlaw by the Boundary Committee for England.

Wiseton
Wiseton is a small village, country estate and civil parish, Nottinghamshire, England, situated between the villages of Gringley-on-the-Hill and Everton, approximately 5.6 miles (9.0 km) southeast of Bawtry and 7.7 miles (12.4 km) west of Gainsborough. There is also a nearby hamlet called New Wiseton. The Chesterfield Canal flows nearby, and there are several bridges in the vicinity. 109 residents were recorded for the 2021 census.
Balraj Chouhan
Balraj Chauhan is the first Vice Chancellor of Dharmashastra National Law University, Jabalpur in India.

Before joining the University, Chauhan served as Director, Amity Law School, Lucknow, Vice Chancellor of Dr Ram Manohar Lohia National Law University, Lucknow and also served as the founding Vice Chancellor of NLIU, Bhopal. He has completed degree in Law from Faculty of Law, University of Lucknow.

Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya National Law University
Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya National Law University, also known as RMLNLU or   NLU Lucknow  is a public law school and a National Law University located in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was established as Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya National Law Institute undergraduate and post-graduate legal education, later in 2006 it was renamed as RMLNLU to give a NLU touch to its name. It is one among the 26 NLUs across India and the first one established in Uttar Pradesh. It is among the top 10 National Law Universities / Law colleges in India.
Osgodby, Barlby with Osgodby
Osgodby is a village in the civil parish of Barlby with Osgodby, in North Yorkshire, England, 2 miles (3.2 km) from Selby.

Its neighbouring village is Barlby, which lies directly to the west. The village play area has climbing frames, swings, a slide and a football pitch. There is an Indian takeaway, a builder's merchant, and hairdressing salon. It also has a large garden centre and a country pub called 'The Wadkin Arms'.

There is a pond opposite the village play area. It has a bench and a balcony. There is currently a family of moorhens that inhabit the village pond.

Osgodby used to have a village shop, near the Barlby junction, but this is now a residential property

The hamlet of Osgodby Common lies due north at grid reference SE646354.

Selby
Selby is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England, 12 miles (19.3 km) south of York on the River Ouse. At the 2021 Census, it had a population of 17,193.

The town grew around Selby Abbey, a former Benedictine house whose surviving church is nationally protected. Historic records indicate that Henry I of England was born in the town.

The town was historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire and was transferred to the new county of North Yorkshire in 1974.  From 1974 until 2023 it was the administrative centre of the Selby District. Local government is now provided by North Yorkshire Council, a unitary authority.

Selby once had a large shipbuilding industry, and was an important port on the Selby Canal, which brought trade from Leeds.