hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Root-knot nematode
Root-knot nematodes are plant-parasitic nematodes from the genus Meloidogyne. They exist in soil in areas with hot climates or short winters. About 2000 species of plants worldwide are susceptible to infection by root-knot nematodes and they cause approximately 5% of global crop loss. Root-knot nematode larvae infect plant roots, causing the development of root-knot galls that drain the plant's photosynthate and nutrients. Infection of young plants may be lethal, while infection of mature plants causes decreased yield.

Crop diversity
Crop diversity or crop biodiversity is the variety and variability of crops, plants used in agriculture, including their genetic and phenotypic characteristics. It is a subset of  a specific element of agricultural biodiversity. Over the past 50 years, there has been a major decline in two components of crop diversity; genetic diversity within each crop and the number of species commonly grown.

Crop diversity loss threatens global food security, as the world's human population depends on a diminishing number of varieties of a diminishing number of crop species. Crops are increasingly grown in monoculture, meaning that if, as in the historic Great Famine of Ireland, a single disease overcomes a variety's resistance, it may destroy an entire harvest, or as in the case of the 'Gros Michel' banana, may cause the commercial extinction of an entire variety. With the help of seed banks, international organizations are working to preserve crop diversity.
William F. Grant
William Frederick Grant (October 20, 1924 – October 6, 2011) was a Canadian plant geneticist, biosystematist, educator, and environmental advocate who developed higher plant species for monitoring and testing for mutagenic effects of environmental pollutants. He has carried out research on the genetics of species of the genus Lotus (Leguminosae) and the forage species Lotus corniculatus (birdsfoot trefoil) developing an innovative procedure for increasing seed production in the legume birdsfoot trefoil.

Lotus (genus)
Lotus, a latinization of Greek lōtos (λωτός), is a genus of flowering plants that includes most bird's-foot trefoils (also known as bacon-and-eggs) and deervetches. Depending on the taxonomic authority, roughly between 70 and 150 species are accepted, all legumes; American species formerly placed in the genus have been transferred to other genera. Lotus species are found in the Eastern Hemisphere and adapted to a wide range of habitats.

The aquatic plant commonly known as the Indian or sacred lotus is Nelumbo nucifera, a species not closely related to Lotus.
Byron, Ohio
Byron is a small unincorporated community in southeastern Bath Township, Greene County, Ohio, United States.  It sits at the intersection of Linebaugh and Dayton-Yellow Springs Roads, between Fairborn and Xenia.  Byron is located at 39°47′10″N 83°58′51″W﻿ / ﻿39.78611°N 83.98083°W﻿ / 39.78611; -83.98083 (39.7861705, -83.9807661), at an elevation of 915 feet (279 m).

The community is part of the Dayton Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Fairborn, Ohio
Fairborn is a city in Greene County, Ohio, United States. The population was 34,620 at the 2020 census. It is a suburb of Dayton and part of the Dayton metropolitan area. The city is home to Wright State University, which serves nearly 12,000 undergraduate and graduate students. The city also hosts the disaster training facility known informally as Calamityville.

It is the only city in the world named Fairborn, a portmanteau created from the names Fairfield and Osborn. After the Great Dayton Flood of 1913, the region and state created a conservation district here and, in the 1920s, began building Huffman Dam to control the Mad River. Residents of Osborn were moved with their houses to an area alongside Fairfield. In 1950, the two villages merged into the new city of Fairborn.
2025–26 Providence Friars men's ice hockey season
The 2025–26 Providence Friars Men's ice hockey season will be the 75th season of play for the program and 42nd in Hockey East. The Friars will represent Providence College in the 2025–26 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season, play their home games at Schneider Arena and be coached by Nate Leaman in his 15th season.

2025–26 Hockey East men's season
The 2025–26 Hockey East men's season will be the 42nd season of play for Hockey East and take place during the 2025–26 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season. The season will begin on October 3, 2025, and the conference tournament is set to concluded on March 20, 2026.
Careless Love
"Careless Love" is a traditional song, with several popular blues versions. It has been called a "nineteenth-century ballad and Dixieland standard".

The death referenced in an old version was the son of a Kentucky governor. Although published accounts have cited 1926 as the copyright date, W. C. Handy copyrighted "Loveless Love" in 1921 under Pace & Handy Music Co.

A recording by Bessie Smith titled "Careless Love Blues" was very popular in 1925. The same year it was recorded by Papa Celestin and his Tuxedo Dixieland Jazz Band and released as a single by OKeh. New Orleans cornetist Chris Kelly was famous for his emotional rendition of the piece.

Chris Kelly (jazz)
Chris Kelly (c. 1890 – August 19, 1929) was an American blues trumpeter born in Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana, United States, on 'Deer Range Plantation', best known for his early contributions on the New Orleans jazz scene.  Throughout the 1920s, he was a regular collaborator with clarinetist George Lewis. No photographs or recordings have survived of Kelly.
Junko Kōmura
Junko Komura (香村純子, Komura Junko; born May 28, 1976) is a Japanese screenwriter who works primarily on Tokusatsu and anime. The first time she was the main writer for a Super Sentai Series was Doubutsu Sentai Zyuohger.

Super Sentai
The Super Sentai Series (スーパー戦隊シリーズ, Sūpā Sentai Shirīzu; lit. 'Super Squadron Series') is a Japanese superhero team media franchise consisting of multiple television series and films produced by Toei Company and aired by TV Asahi. The shows are of the tokusatsu genre, featuring live action characters and colorful special effects. Prior to its conclusion in 2026, Super Sentai aired alongside the Kamen Rider series in the Super Hero Time programming block on Sunday mornings on TV Asahi. In North America, the Super Sentai series is best known as the source material for the Power Rangers series.

The series went on a hiatus following the conclusion of the 49th season, No.1 Sentai Gozyuger, with a new Toei tokusatsu franchise, Project R.E.D. (Records of Extraordinary Dimensions), taking its timeslot in 2026.
Boris Blank (ice hockey)
Boris Blank (born July 10, 1978) is a German professional ice hockey player. He is currently an unrestricted free agent who last played for Iserlohn Roosters in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). He joined the Roosters as a free agent on June 25, 2014, after previously playing in nine seasons with the Krefeld Pinguine. In the 2016–17 season with the Roosters, Blank contributed with 8 goals and 16 points in 52 games as Iserlohn finished out of playoff contention. On March 3, 2017, it was announced that Blank's contract would not be renewed after three seasons with the Roosters.

Krefeld Pinguine
The Krefeld Pinguine (Krefeld Penguins) are an ice hockey team in the DEL2. Their home ice is in Krefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany at the Yayla Arena. Founded in 1936 by entrepreneur Willi Münstermann, the pro team became a limited liability company in 1994 and joined the top tier Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). In their history, they have won the German championship three times: 1951, 1952, and 2003.
Christian Pollas
Christian Pollas (born 1947) is a French astronomer, known for the discovery and observation of minor planets and supernovae.

Pollas is credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of 26 asteroids, some co-discovered with Eric Elst, including near-Earth asteroids: (65679) 1989 UQ (belonging to the Aten group of asteroids), 4179 Toutatis (belonging to the Apollo group of asteroids) and 9950 ESA (belonging to the Amor group of asteroids).

The main-belt asteroid 4892 Chrispollas is named in his honor.

Aten asteroid
The Aten asteroids are a dynamical group of asteroids whose orbits bring them into proximity with Earth. By definition, Atens are Earth-crossing asteroids (a < 1.0 AU and Q > 0.983 AU). The group is named after 2062 Aten, the first of its kind, discovered on 7 January 1976 by American astronomer Eleanor Helin at Palomar Observatory. As of January 2025, 2,966 Atens have been discovered, of which 271 are numbered, 14 are named, and 197 are classified as potentially hazardous asteroids.
Physopyxis ananas
Physopyxis ananas is a species of thorny catfish found in the lowlands of the Essequibo and Amazon basins.  It is found in the countries of Brazil, Guyana, Peru and Venezuela.  This species grows to a length of 2.2 centimetres (0.87 in) SL.  They prefer to live in submerged organic litter in shallow waters.

Essequibo River
The Essequibo River (Spanish: Río Esequibo; originally called by Alonso de Ojeda; Río Dulce) is the largest river in Guyana, and the largest river between the Orinoco and Amazon. Rising in the Acarai Mountains near the Brazil–Guyana border, the Essequibo flows to the north for 1,014 km (630 mi) through forest and savanna into the Atlantic Ocean. It has a total drainage basin of 156,828 km2 (60,552 mi2) and an average discharge of 154 to 178 km³/year.

Territory near the river is argued over by Venezuela and Guyana. The river is administered by Guyana after being previously colonized by the British. Historically, Venezuela has claimed the Essequibo River as their most eastern border, though in practice it was under Dutch control.
Asni, Tiloi
Asni is a village in Tiloi block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. As of 2011, its population is 2,244, in 401 households. It has one primary school and no healthcare facilities.

The 1961 census recorded Asni as comprising 4 hamlets, with a total population of 814 people (404 male and 410 female), in 195 households and 190 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 656 acres.

The 1981 census recorded Asni as having a population of 1,053 people, in 229 households, and having an area of 265.07 hectares.

Raebareli district
Raebareli district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The city of Raebareli is the district headquarters. This district is a part of Lucknow Division in Uttar Pradesh state. The total area of Raebareli district is 3,371 Sq. km.

As of 2011, its population is 3,405,559, which makes it the 27th largest in the state. It is a predominantly rural district, with 91% of the population living in rural areas.
Mutual majority criterion
The mutual majority criterion is a criterion for evaluating electoral systems. It is also known as the majority criterion for solid coalitions and the generalized majority criterion. This criterion requires that whenever a majority of voters prefer a group of candidates above all others, then the winner must be a candidate from that group. The mutual majority criterion may also be thought of as the single-winner case of Droop-Proportionality for Solid Coalitions.

Solid coalition
In social choice theory, a solid coalition or voting bloc is a group of voters who support a given group of candidates over any opponent outside the group. Solid coalitions formalize the idea of a political faction or voting bloc, allowing social choice theorists to study how electoral systems behave when there are ideological divisions, without having to make explicit reference to political parties. This definition is useful even in the absence of party labels, or when labels do not accurately reflect ideological divisions in the electorate (as in the cleavages between Northern and Southern Democrats in the 20th century).
Go Baby
"Go Baby" is a song by Canadian singer Justin Bieber. It was released through Def Jam Recordings and ILH Productions as the fourth track from his seventh studio album, Swag, on July 11, 2025. The song was produced by Bieber himself, Eddie Benjamin, Carter Lang, Dylan Wiggins, and Daniel Chetrit, with the five of them writing it alongside Tobias Jesso Jr. and Jackson Morgan.

Eddie Benjamin
Eddie Benjamin is an Australian singer-songwriter and music producer based in Los Angeles, California. He has written and produced for artists such as Meghan Trainor, Earth, Wind & Fire, and Shawn Mendes while also touring with Justin Bieber in 2022. He released his debut EP Emotional in 2021.
Digital comparator
A digital comparator or magnitude comparator is a hardware electronic device that takes two numbers as input in binary form and determines whether one  number is greater than, less than or equal to the other number. Comparators are used in central processing units (CPUs) and microcontrollers (MCUs). Examples of digital comparator include the CMOS 4063 and 4585 and the TTL 7485 and 74682.

An XNOR gate is a basic comparator, because its output is "1" only if its two input bits are equal.

The analog equivalent of digital comparator is the voltage comparator.  Many microcontrollers have analog comparators on some of their inputs that can be read or trigger an interrupt.

Analog signal
An analog signal (American English) or analogue signal (British and Commonwealth English) is any signal, typically a continuous-time signal, representing some other quantity, i.e., analogous to another quantity. For example, in an analog audio signal, the instantaneous signal voltage varies in a manner analogous to the pressure of the sound waves.

In contrast, a digital signal represents the original time-varying quantity as a sampled sequence of quantized numeric values, typically but not necessarily in the form of a binary value. Digital sampling imposes some bandwidth and dynamic range constraints on the representation and adds quantization noise.

The term analog signal usually refers to electrical signals; however, mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, and other systems may also convey or be considered analog signals.
Chronicon
In historiography, a chronicon is a type of chronicle or annals. Examples are:

Chronicon (Eusebius)

Chronicon (Jerome)

Chronicon (Jacob of Edessa)

Chronicon Abbatiae de Evesham

Chronicon Burgense

Chronicon Ambrosianum

Chronicon Compostellanum

Chronicon Gothanum

Chronicon Helveticum

Chronicon Holtzatiae

Chronicon Iriense

Chronicon Lethrense

Chronicon Lusitanum

Chronicon Paschale

Chronicon Pictum

Chronicon Roskildense

Chronicon Salernitanum

Chronicon Scotorum

Chronicon complutense

Chronicon terrae Prussiae

Chronicon Pictum
The Chronicon Pictum or Illuminated Chronicle (Hungarian: Képes Krónika, Slovak: Obrázková kronika, German: Ungarische Bilderchronik, also referred to as the Illustrated Chronicle, Chronica Hungarorum, Chronicon Hungarie Pictum, Chronica Picta or Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum) is a medieval illustrated chronicle from the Kingdom of Hungary from the 14th century. It represents the artistic style of the royal court of King Louis I of Hungary. The codex is a unique source of art, medieval and cultural history.

The chronicle's full name is: Chronicon Pictum – Marci de Kalt Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum (Illustrated Chronicle – Mark of Kalt's Chronicle About the Deeds of the Hungarians).
1999 Tour de Suisse
The 1999 Tour de Suisse was the 63rd edition of the Tour de Suisse cycle race and was held from 15 June to 24 June 1999. The race started in Solothurn and finished in Winterthur. The race was won by Francesco Casagrande of the Vini Caldirola team.

Solothurn
Solothurn (/ˈsoʊlətʊərn, ˈzoʊ-/ SOH-lə-toorn, ZOH-; Swiss Standard German: [ˈzoːlotʊrn] ⓘ; French: Soleure [sɔlœʁ]; Italian: Soletta [soˈletta]; Romansh: Soloturnⓘ) is a city, a municipality, and the capital of the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. It is located in the north-west of Switzerland on the banks of the Aare and on the foot of the Weissenstein Jura mountains.

The city is the only municipality of the district of the same name.

The city got its name from Salodurum, a Roman-era settlement. From 1530 to 1792 it was the seat of the French ambassador to Switzerland. The pedestrian-only old town was built between 1530 and 1792 and shows an impressive array of Baroque architecture, combining Italian Grandezza, French style, and Swiss ideas. The city has eighteen structures listed as heritage sites.

The official language of Solothurn is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.
Palatinal Crypt
The Palatinal Crypt (Hungarian: Nádori kripta; German: Palatinsgruft) in Buda Castle, Budapest is the burial place of the Hungarian branch of the Habsburg dynasty, founded by Archduke Joseph, Palatine of Hungary. It is the only interior part of Buda Castle which survived the destruction of World War II and was not demolished during the subsequent decades of rebuilding.

György Zala (sculptor)
György Zala (16 April 1858 in Alsólendva, today Slovenija – 31 July 1937 in Budapest) (sometimes: Georg Zala) was a Hungarian sculptor. Along with Alajos Strobl and János Fadrusz, he is one of Hungary's leading public sculptors of the late 19th and early 20th century.
Kong Chuan
Kong Chuan (孔穿), courtesy name Zi Gao (子高), was a sixth-generation descendent of the philosopher Confucius, native to the State of Lu. He is primarily known for his debates with Gongsun Long on his White Horse Dialogue. He defined Confucianism as "embracing excellence and the Six Arts; the balance between movement and stillness should not be lost."

Lu (state)
Lu (Chinese: 魯; c. 1042 – 249 BC) was a vassal state during the Zhou dynasty of ancient China located around modern southwest Shandong.  Founded in the 11th century BC, its rulers were from a cadet branch of the House of Ji (姬) that ruled the Zhou dynasty. The first duke was Boqin, a son of the Duke of Zhou, who was brother of King Wu of Zhou and regent to King Cheng of Zhou.

Lu was the home state of Confucius as well as Mozi, and, as such, has an outsized cultural influence among the states of the Eastern Zhou and in history. The Annals of Spring and Autumn, for instance, was written with the Lu rulers' years as their basis.  Another great work of Chinese history, the Zuo Zhuan or Commentary of Zuo, was traditionally considered to have been written in Lu by Zuo Qiuming.
1990 Citibank Open – Singles
Martín Jaite was the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Mark Koevermans.

Mats Wilander won the title by defeating Marcelo Filippini 6–1, 6–2 in the final. It was the 33rd and final singles title for Wilander in his career.

Martín Jaite
Martín Jaite (born 9 October 1964) is a former top-10 professional tennis player from Argentina.

Jaite's career-high Association of Tennis Professionals singles ranking was world no. 10, which he achieved in the summer of 1990, and he won a total of 12 titles and $1,873,881 in tour prize money during his career.

Jaite's playing style leveraged his consistency, speed, thoughtful use of tactics, and fitness to compensate for his lack of power.
Pietro Pavesi
Pietro Pavesi (24 September 1844 – 31 August 1907) was an Italian professor of zoology at the University of Pavia. He also served as a mayor of Pavia from 1899 to 1902.

Pavesi was born in Pavia to calligraphist Carlo Giuseppe and Luigia née Farina. He studied natural sciences at the University of Pavia, graduating in 1865. He then taught natural history at the University of Naples until 1871 at the Canton High School in Lugano where he also founded a natural history cabinet. He then taught comparative anatomy at the University of Napes (serving alongside Paolo Pancer), in 1872 he moved to Genoa and in 1875 to Pavia. He worked on the fauna of Ticino Canton, especially the fish and arachnids. In 1899 he became a mayor of Pavia and continued to hold the position until 1902, representing a laicist position. he died at Asso in Lombardy from pneumonia.

Asso
Asso (Valassinese Lombard: Ass) is an Italian comune in the province of Como, in Lombardy, Italy. It has 3,524 citizens and an area of 6.46 square kilometres (2.49 sq mi), with a density of 546 people per square kilometer (1,410 people/sq mi).
Rossetti-class research vessel
The Rossetti class of coastal research vessels consists of two units operated by the Italian Navy and named as "Nave Esperienze" (experiences ship). The vessels are used by Centro Supporto Sperimentazioni Navali (Naval Experimentation Support Centre) for technologies research and development trials on anti-submarine weapons.

Anti-submarine weapon
An anti-submarine weapon (ASW) is any one of a number of devices that are intended to act against a submarine and its crew, to destroy (sink) the vessel or reduce its capability as a weapon of war. In its simplest sense, an anti-submarine weapon is usually a projectile, missile or bomb that is optimized to destroy submarines.
Middle Road, Hong Kong
Middle Road (traditional Chinese: 中間道; simplified Chinese: 中间道; Cantonese Yale: jung1 gaan1 dou6; pinyin: Zhōngjiān Dào) is a street in the southern part of Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

The street runs from Kowloon Park Drive in the west to the entrance of East Tsim Sha Tsui station in the east, where it makes a 90-degree turn to the south, terminating at Salisbury Road. Part of Middle Road marks the original coastline of Tsim Sha Tsui prior to land reclamation. A subway runs underneath the east–west segment of the street, forming an important pedestrian artery in the district.

Land reclamation in Hong Kong
The reclamation of land from the ocean has long been used in mountainous Hong Kong to expand the limited supply of usable land in the territory. The first reclamations can be traced back to the early Western Han dynasty (206 BC – 9 AD), when beaches were turned into fields for salt production. Major land reclamation projects have been conducted since the mid-19th century. By 1996, a total of approximately 60 square kilometres (37 square miles) of land had been created through the process.
Rahara
Rahara (Irish: Ráth Ara, meaning 'fort of the charioteer') is a village in County Roscommon, Ireland. It lies on the  R362 regional road, between Athlone and Athleague about 3 km (1.9 mi) north of the village of Curraghboy. Rahara is in a townland and civil parish of the same name.

As of December 2011, the local primary school, Rahara National School, had an enrollment of 34 children. The Roman Catholic church in Rahara, the Church of Mary Immaculate, is in the combined parish of Knockcroghery, St. John's and Rahara of the Diocese of Elphin.

County Roscommon
County Roscommon (Irish: Contae Ros Comáin) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the province of Connacht and the Northern and Western Region. It is the 11th largest Irish county by area and 26th most populous. Its county town and largest town is Roscommon. Roscommon County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 70,259 as of the 2022 census.
Michael Gill (cricketer)
Michael Fredrick Gill (19 March 1957 – 8 December 2024) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played in 19 first-class and eight List A matches for Central Districts from 1974 to 1982.

Gill was a right-arm opening bowler. His best first-class figures were 6 for 53 in Central Districts' victory over Canterbury in the 1980–81 Shell Trophy. He had taken his best one-day figures a few weeks earlier, 4 for 27 in Central Districts' victory over Otago. He also played Hawke Cup cricket for Wanganui and Hutt Valley between 1974 and 1986.

Gill died in Whanganui on 8 December 2024, at the age of 67. He had three sons and a stepdaughter. His wife Angela predeceased him.

Hutt Valley cricket team
The Hutt Valley cricket team represented the Hutt Valley in the Wellington Region of New Zealand between 1928 and 1999. It competed in the Hawke Cup, which it won four times. Cricket in the area is now part of Cricket Wellington.