hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Osvaldo Lira
José Luis Osvaldo Lira Pérez SS.CC. (February 11, 1904, in Santiago, Chile – December 20, 1996, in Santiago) was a Chilean priest, philosopher and theologian who wrote more than 10 books on topics related to the philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas, as well as Ortega y Gasset and Juan Vázquez de Mella. He devoted most of his life to teaching in different universities, and had as many followers as opponents.

With Ramón Callis in 1952 they founded the National Syndicalist Revolutionary Movement, with an open fascist tendency.

José Ortega y Gasset
José Ortega y Gasset (/ɔːrˈteɪɡə/ or-TAY-gə, Spanish: [xoˈse oɾˈteɣa j ɣaˈset]; 9 May 1883 – 18 October 1955) was a Spanish philosopher and essayist. He worked during the first half of the 20th century while Spain oscillated between monarchy, republicanism and dictatorship. His philosophy has been characterized as a "philosophy of life" that "comprised a long-hidden beginning in a pragmatist metaphysics inspired by William James and with a general method from a realist phenomenology imitating Edmund Husserl, which served both his proto-existentialism (prior to Martin Heidegger's) and his realist historicism, which has been compared to both Wilhelm Dilthey and Benedetto Croce."
Merton Brown
Merton Brown (May 5, 1913, Berlin, Vermont – February 20, 2001, Charlestown, Massachusetts) was an American composer who studied with Wallingford Riegger and Carl Ruggles. He often collaborated with choreographers including former Martha Graham dancer Matti Haim, José Limón, and Thomas Hewitt.

Virgil Thomson describes him as a "neo-contrapuntalist" influenced by Carl Ruggles and involved with "rounded [melodic] material", but not so much with the "personalized sentiment"  involved in neoromanticism.

Melody
A melody (from Greek  μελῳδία (melōidía) 'singing, chanting'), also tune, voice, or line, is a linear succession of musical tones that the listener perceives as a single entity. In its most literal sense, a melody is a combination of pitch and rhythm, while more figuratively, the term can include other musical elements such as tonal color. It is the foreground to the background accompaniment. A line or part need not be a foreground melody.

Melodies often consist of one or more musical phrases or motifs, and are usually repeated throughout a composition in various forms. Melodies may also be described by their melodic motion or the pitches or the intervals between pitches (predominantly conjunct or disjunct or with further restrictions), pitch range, tension and release, continuity and coherence, cadence, and shape.
Convent of Mercy
Convent of Mercy could refer to:

Convent of Mercy, Adelaide, whose chapel was designed by architect Walter Bagot in 1920

Convent of Mercy (Mobile, Alabama)

Convent of Mercy (Pittsburgh)

Sisters of Mercy (disambiguation page)

Sisters of Mercy
The Sisters of Mercy is a religious institute for women in the Catholic Church. It was founded in 1831 in Dublin, Ireland, by Catherine McAuley. In 2019, the institute had about 6,200 sisters worldwide, organized into a number of independent congregations. Notable achievements include the foundation of education and health care facilities around the world.
Marc Minguell
Marc Minguell Alférez (born 14 January 1985 in Barcelona) is a Spanish water polo player who competed for the Spain men's national water polo team in three consecutive Summer Olympics (2008 Beijing, 2012 London and 2016 Rio. He helped Spanish water polo club CN Atlètic-Barceloneta win the LEN Champions League in 2013–14 season.

Water polo at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's tournament of water polo at the 2008 Summer Olympics at Beijing, People's Republic of China, began on 10 August and lasted until 24 August 2008. All games were held at the Ying Tung Natatorium.

Teams from twelve nations competed, seeded into two groups for the preliminary round. 44 games were played, 30 of them in the preliminary round (each team played the other teams in the group). Seven classification games and seven games in the medal round were also played.
Formin, Gorišnica
Formin (pronounced [fɔɾˈmiːn]) is a village east of Ptuj in northeastern Slovenia. It lies in the Municipality of Gorišnica between the right bank of the Pesnica River and an artificial canal of the Drava River, created for use by the Formin hydroelectric power plant, built south of the settlement in 1978. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

There is a small chapel-shrine in the settlement. It was built in 1914.

Municipality of Gorišnica
The Municipality of Gorišnica (pronounced [ɡɔˈɾiːʃnitsa], Slovene: Občina Gorišnica) is a municipality in Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is Gorišnica. The area belongs to the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region. It borders Croatia.
Vineyard
A vineyard (/ˈvɪnjərd/ VIN-yərd, UK also /ˈvɪnjɑːrd/ VIN-yard) is a plantation of grape-bearing vines. Many vineyards exist for winemaking; others for the production of raisins, table grapes, and non-alcoholic grape juice. The science, practice and study of vineyard production is known as viticulture. Vineyards are often characterised by their terroir, a French term loosely translating as "a sense of place" that refers to the specific geographical and geological characteristics of grapevine plantations, which may be imparted to the wine itself.

Table grape
Table grapes are grapes intended for consumption as fresh fruit, as opposed to grapes grown for wine production, juice production, jelly and jam making, or for drying into raisins.

Vitis vinifera table grapes appear in seeded or non-seeded varietals and range widely in terms of colour, size, sweetness and adaptability to local growing conditions. Common commercially available table grape varieties such as Thompson Seedless and Flame Seedless are favoured by growers for their high yield and relative resistance to damage during shipment. Other less common varietals such as Cotton Candy, Kyoho or Pione are custom hybrids bred for size, appearance, and specific flavour characteristics.
Tribu News
Tribu News (founded in 2016) is a Belgian company that provides a digital platform for producing collaborative photo albums and printed family newspapers. Initially developed for elderly relatives less familiar with digital media, the service is also used by families and social groups to exchange photographs and short texts. Tribu News compiles contributions into monthly journals or longer-term volumes such as annual photo books, with options for customization, which is accessible via mobile and web applications.

Digital platform (infrastructure)
A digital platform is a software-based online infrastructure that facilitates user interactions and transactions.

Digital platforms can act as data aggregators to help users navigate large amounts of information, as is the case with search engines; as matchmakers to enable transactions between users, as is the case with digital marketplaces; or as collaborative tools to support the development of new content, as is the case with online communities. Digital platforms can also combine several of these features, such as when a social media platform enables both searching for information and matchmaking between users.

Digital platforms can be more or less decentralized in their data architecture and can be governed based on more or less distributed decision-making.
Abdulla Galadari
Abdulla Galadari is an Emirati scholar of Quranic studies. He is an associate professor at Khalifa University of Science and Technology in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

His work focuses on Qur'anic hermeneutics and the engagement of the Quran with Near Eastern traditions in Late Antiquity, employing a multidisciplinary approach that integrates cognitive science of religion and philology.

Quranic studies
Quranic studies is the academic study of the Quran, the central religious text of Islam. Like in biblical studies, the field uses and applies a diverse set of disciplines and methods, such as philology, textual criticism, lexicography, codicology, literary criticism, comparative religion, and historical criticism.

Quranic studies has three primary goals. The first goal is to understand the original meaning, sources, history of revelation, and the history of the recording and transmission, of the Quran. The second is to trace how the Quran was received by people, including how it was understood and interpreted (exegesis), throughout the centuries. The third is a study and appreciation of the Quran as literature independently of the other two goals.
Jessica Tejada
Jessica Tejada (born (1971-02-28)28 February 1971) is a Peruvian female volleyball player. She is a setter and currently plays for Universitario de Deportes Club of Perú.

Tejada was part of the Peruvian women's national volleyball team at the 1998 FIVB World Championship in Japan.

1998 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship
The 1998 FIVB Women's World Championship was the thirteenth edition of the tournament, organized by the world's governing body, the FIVB. It was held from 3 to 12 November 1998 in Tokyo, Tokuyama, Matsumoto, Kagoshima, Nagoya, Fukuoka, and Osaka, Japan.
Ellenbrook transfer station
Ellenbrook Transfer Station was a Transperth bus station located on the corner of Lord Street and Gnangara Road, in Henley Brook, just south of Ellenbrook. It had 3 stands and was served by 7 Transperth routes operated by Swan Transit.

The transfer station opened in 2006, initially providing bus services to Ellenbrook, Midland, Bassendean, and Morley. In August 2017, bus route 355 was introduced, which travelled to the west of Whiteman to provide a more direct route to the north-western suburbs and to connect to the Joondalup line, halving the previous travel time.

The transfer station ceased operation on 2 November 2019, being replaced by Henley Brook Bus Station the next day.

Bassendean, Western Australia
Bassendean (once referred to as West Guildford) is a north-eastern suburb of Perth, Western Australia. Its local government area is the Town of Bassendean.

It is also the name of the sand dune system on the Swan Coastal Plain known as the Bassendean Dune System.
The Battle of Brains
The Battle of Brains is a 13-minute 1941 Canadian documentary film, made by the National Film Board of Canada (NFB) as part of the wartime Canada Carries On series. The film, directed by Stanley Hawes and produced by Stuart Legg, contrasted modern warfare with the First World War. The film's French version title is Sur le front scientifique.

Andrew McNaughton
General Andrew George Latta McNaughton PC CH CB CMG DSO CD (25 February 1887 – 11 July 1966) was a Canadian electrical engineer, scientist, army officer, cabinet minister, and diplomat.

Before the First World War, McNaughton was a professor of engineering at McGill University. During the war he distinguished himself as an officer of the Canadian Expeditionary Force, was wounded twice and was twice awarded the Distinguished Service Order. In the interwar period, McNaughton served as Chief of the General Staff, where he was instrumental in modernizing and mechanizing the Canadian Army.

McNaughton commanded major Canadian field units in the first half of the Second World War and served as the commander of the First Canadian Army until he was relieved in 1943. He then served as Minister of National Defence until the end of the war. During his tenure as Minister, McNaughton was involved in the crisis surrounding the decision to send conscripts, known as "Zombies," for overseas service.
Ryan ministry
The Ryan Ministry was the 27th ministry of the Government of Queensland and was led by Premier T. J. Ryan of the Labor Party. It was the first majority Labor government in Queensland's history. It succeeded the Denham Ministry on 1 June 1915, following the latter's defeat at the 1915 state election on 22 May. The Theodore Ministry succeeded it on 22 October 1919 following T. J. Ryan's resignation from the Queensland Parliament to run for federal politics.

Queensland Government Gazette
The Queensland Government Gazette is the government gazette of the Government of Queensland in Australia. It lists appointments and public notices including new legislation. Traditionally, publication in the gazette was a legal requirement for an announcement to be official; however, in present times, other methods of communication have replaced some aspects of the gazette's role. It is normally published weekly, but extraordinary editions can be published in between the regular weekly issues if there is an urgent need.
Kenwyn, Cape Town
Kenwyn is a residential suburb in the Southern Suburbs of Cape Town, South Africa. It lies south of the N2 and alongside the M5 freeway. The surrounding suburbs include Wetton, Rondebosch East and Kenilworth.

M5 (Cape Town)
The M5 is an expressway in the City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa. It connects Milnerton on the Western Seaboard in the north to Muizenberg in the south, and crosses both the N1 and the N2. For part of its length, from the N1 interchange to Plumstead, it is a limited-access freeway (motorway). From Mowbray to Muizenberg, it is parallel to the M4 Main Road.
Danainae
Danainae is a subfamily of the family Nymphalidae, the brush-footed butterflies. The group may be referred to as the Danaids (reflecting their previous rank as a family) or milkweed butterflies, as they often lay their eggs on various milkweeds on which their larvae (caterpillars) feed, though it also encompasses the clearwing butterflies (Ithomiini), and the Tellervini.

Some 300 species of Danainae exist worldwide. Most of the Danaini are found in tropical Asia and Africa, while the Ithomiini are diverse in the Neotropics. Tellervini are restricted to Australia and the Oriental region. Four species are found in North America: the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus), the queen (Danaus gilippus), the tropical milkweed butterfly (Lycorea halia), and the soldier butterfly (or "tropic queen", Danaus eresimus). Of these, the monarch is by far the most famous, being one of the most recognizable butterflies in the Americas.

Danaus eresimus
Danaus eresimus, the soldier or tropical queen, is a North American, Caribbean, and South American butterfly in the family Nymphalidae.

Their flight is slow and they are reasonably easy to approach, but will fly for some distance if approached too closely.

Dorsal view - MHNT

Ventral view, same specimen
Bobby Rice
Bobby Rice (also known as Bobby Quinn Rice; born Robert Quinn Rice; March 14, 1983) is an American actor, known for The Lair (2007), Watercolors (2008), Remains (2011), LAIFF Award winning short film Spidora (2014), the role of  Peter Kirk in the Star Trek: New Voyages two-part episode Blood and Fire (2009) based on the Star Trek: The Next Generation episode of the same name, as well as several minor roles in other Star Trek fan productions.

Remains (film)
Remains, also billed as Steve Niles' Remains, is a 2011 post-apocalyptic horror film.  It depicts a small group of people in a Reno, Nevada casino who have survived a nuclear disaster while the rest of humanity has been turned into flesh eating zombies.  It was produced by the Chiller Network and is based on the comic book series of the same name.
2006 South American Youth Championships in Athletics
The 18th South American Youth Championships in Athletics were held
in Caracas, Venezuela from October 14–15, 2006.  The event was
relocated from the Estadio Pueblo Nuevo in San Cristóbal, Táchira,
Venezuela, because the renovation of the stadium for the Copa América de Fútbol 2007 was not yet completed.  A detailed report on the results was given.

2007 Copa América
The 2007 Campeonato Sudamericano Copa América, known simply as the 2007 Copa América or 2007 Copa América Venezuela, was the 42nd edition of the Copa América, the South-American championship for international association football teams. The competition was organized by CONMEBOL, South America's football governing body, and was held between 26 June and 15 July in Venezuela, which hosted the tournament for the first time.

The competition was won by Brazil (they were also the defending champions), who beat Argentina 3–0 in the final.
Mexico took third place by beating Uruguay 3–1 in the third-place match. Brazil thus won the right to represent CONMEBOL at the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup.
Layzell Merlin
The Layzell Merlin is a British autogyro that was designed by Scottish designer Jim Montgomery and produced by Layzell Gyroplanes of Quedgeley, Gloucester.  The aircraft was supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

The type remained in production by Layzell through 2011, although by July 2012 the company website had been removed from the internet.

Aircraft fairing
An aircraft fairing is a structure whose primary function is to produce a smooth outline and reduce drag.

These structures are covers for gaps and spaces between parts of an aircraft to reduce form drag and interference drag, and to improve appearance.
Detroit drill
Detroit drill is a subgenre of drill music, centered in Detroit, that began as a derivative of the drill music scene in Chicago and New York City and later became a derivative of UK drill with its 808 percussion and sliding notes by producers from the UK drill scene. Detroit drill emerged around 2019 with the single "MWBL" by 42 Dugg and Tee Grizzley. It was made popular in the mainstream with the 2021 single "4 Da Gang" by 42 Dugg. Other notable Detroit drill artists include Icewear Vezzo, Sada Baby and Teejayx6.

Icewear Vezzo
Chivez Smith (born October 31, 1989), known professionally as Icewear Vezzo, is an American rapper and songwriter from Detroit, Michigan. He is the founder of the label Iced Up Records. He is best known for his Clarity mixtape series and his Rich Off Pints mixtape trilogy, with the latter entering the Heatseekers Albums chart. He is noted as a prominent figure of the Detroit hip hop scene.
Spianada
Spianada (Greek: Σπιανάδα, pronounced [spi.aˈna.ða], "esplanade") is a large central square located in the city of Corfu, Greece. It is the largest square in Greece by area and is situated directly in front of the Old Fortress.

Corfu (city)
Corfu (/kɔːrˈf(j)uː/, also US: /ˈkɔːrf(j)uː/) or Kerkyra (Greek: Κέρκυρα, romanized: Kérkyra, pronounced [ˈcercira] ⓘ; Ancient Greek: Κόρκυρα, romanized: Kórkyra, pronounced [kórkyra]; Medieval Greek: Κορυφώ, romanized: Koryfó; Italian: Corfù; Latin: Corcyra) is a city and a former municipality on the island of Corfu, Ionian Islands, Greece. Since the 2019 local government reform, it is part of the municipality Central Corfu and Diapontian Islands. It is the capital of the municipality and of the Corfu regional unit. The city also serves as a capital for the region of the Ionian Islands. The city (with a population of 23,541 residents, while the whole island has a population of 101,600 residents) is a major tourist attraction and Greek regional centre and has played an important role in Greek history since antiquity.
Samuel W. Davis
Samuel Walker Davis (January 23, 1846 - May 5, 1914) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.

Union navy
The Union navy is used to describe the United States Navy (USN) during the American Civil War, when it fought the Confederate States Navy (CSN). The term is sometimes used to describe vessels of war used on the rivers of the interior under the control of the Union army.
Arnoldi iteration
In numerical linear algebra, the Arnoldi iteration is an eigenvalue algorithm and an important example of an iterative method.  Arnoldi finds an approximation to the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of general (possibly non-Hermitian) matrices by constructing an orthonormal basis of the Krylov subspace, which makes it particularly useful when dealing with large sparse matrices.

The Arnoldi method belongs to a class of linear algebra algorithms that give a partial result after a small number of iterations, in contrast to so-called direct methods which must complete to give any useful results (see for example, Householder transformation). The partial result in this case being the first few vectors of the basis the algorithm is building.

When applied to Hermitian matrices it reduces to the Lanczos algorithm.  The Arnoldi iteration was invented by W. E. Arnoldi in 1951.

Linear algebra
Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations such as

linear maps such as

and their representations in vector spaces and through matrices.

Linear algebra is central to almost all areas of mathematics. For instance, linear algebra is fundamental in modern presentations of geometry, including for defining basic objects such as lines, planes and rotations. Also, functional analysis, a branch of mathematical analysis, may be viewed as the application of linear algebra to function spaces.

Linear algebra is also used in most sciences and fields of engineering because it allows modeling many natural phenomena, and computing efficiently with such models. For nonlinear systems, which cannot be modeled with linear algebra, it is often used for dealing with first-order approximations, using the fact that the differential of a multivariate function at a point is the linear map that best approximates the function near that point.
Mark Tribe
Mark Tribe (born 1966) is an American artist. He is the founder of Rhizome, a not-for-profit arts organization based in New York City.

In 2013, he was appointed chair of the MFA program of the School of Visual Arts in New York City. Formerly, he was Assistant Professor of Modern Culture and Media Studies at Brown University, Director of the Digital Media Center at the Columbia University School of the Arts, and Visiting Assistant Professor and Artist in Residence at Williams College. He is the author of The Port Huron Project: Reenactments of Historic Protest Speeches (Charta, 2010) and the co-author of New Media Art (Taschen, 2006). He received an MFA in Visual Art from the University of California, San Diego in La Jolla, California in 1994 and an BA in Visual Art from Brown University in 1990.

School of Visual Arts
The School of Visual Arts New York City (SVA NYC) is a private for-profit art school in New York City. It was founded in 1947 and is a member of the Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design.
FanDuel Racing
FanDuel Racing (formerly TVG2, HRTV, and Meadows Racing Network) is an American sports-oriented digital cable and satellite television network. It is part of the FanDuel Group and is owned by Flutter Entertainment. Dedicated to horse racing, it broadcasts events from U.S. and international racetracks, as well as a range of English and Western horse competitions, news, original programming and documentaries

Flutter Entertainment
Flutter Entertainment plc is an Irish-American multinational sports betting and gambling company. It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and has a secondary listing on the London Stock Exchange. It owns brands such as Betfair, FanDuel, Paddy Power, PokerStars, Sky Betting & Gaming, and Sportsbet. Flutter is the world's largest online betting company.