hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Memmia gens
The gens Memmia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. The first member of the gens to achieve prominence was Gaius Memmius Gallus, praetor in 172 BC. From the period of the Jugurthine War to the age of Augustus they contributed numerous tribunes to the Republic.

Nomen gentilicium
The nomen gentilicium (Latin pronunciation: [ɡɛntiːˈlikiũ]; or simply nomen) was a hereditary name borne by the peoples of Roman Italy and later by the citizens of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. It was originally the name of one's gens (family or clan) by patrilineal descent. However, as Rome expanded its frontiers and non-Roman peoples were progressively granted citizenship and concomitant nomen, the latter lost its value in indicating patrilineal ancestry.

For men, the nomen was the middle of the tria nomina ("three names"), after the praenomen and before the cognomen. For women, the nomen was often the only name used until the late Republic. For example, three members of gens Julia were Gaius Julius Caesar and his sisters Julia Major and Julia Minor ("Julia the elder" and "Julia the younger").
Morewadi
Morewadi is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India.Talukas surrounding the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Khalapur taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district. Nearest railway stations around the village are  Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station.

Maval taluka
Maval taluka is a taluka in Mawal subdivision of Pune district of state of Maharashtra in India.

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, the taluka comprised 187 villages, a figure that was unchanged from 2001. There were also three census towns at that time - Wadagaon, Khadkale and Kusgaon Budruk. The census towns had their own governing bodies, whilst the gram panchayats which governed the villages numbered 100; there were two villages - Ahirvade and Kamshet - which had no official governing body.
New Brunswick School District 15
School District 15 is a Canadian school district in New Brunswick.

District 15 is an Anglophone district operating 14 public schools (gr. K-12) in Restigouche and Gloucester Counties.

Current enrollment is approximately 4,000 students and 280 teachers.  District 15 is headquartered in Dalhousie.

Gloucester County, New Brunswick
Gloucester County (2021 population 78,256) is located in the northeastern corner of New Brunswick, Canada. Fishing, mining and forestry are the major industries in the county. The eastern section of the county is known for its Acadian culture. The county is named for Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh.
Gentle Offoin
Gentle Offoin (born 19 August 1973) is a Nigerian former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. He held a Nigerian record in the 100 m freestyle, and later represented Nigeria at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

Offoin competed only in the men's 100 m freestyle at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. He received a Universality place from FINA, in an entry time of 53.08. He challenged seven other swimmers in heat three, including Trinidad and Tobago's 16-year-old George Bovell and Seychelles' three-time Olympian Kenny Roberts. He cleared a 53-second barrier, and established a Nigerian record of 52.91 to race for a sixth seed, finishing behind Bovell by a hundredth of a second (0.01). Offoin failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed sixtieth overall in the prelims.

Swimming at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre freestyle
The men's 100 metre freestyle event at the 2000 Summer Olympics took place on 19–20 September at the Sydney International Aquatic Centre in Sydney, Australia. There were 73 competitors from 66 nations. Nations have been limited to two swimmers each since the 1984 Games.
Petrosino Square
Lieutenant Joseph Petrosino Square is small triangular park in Lower Manhattan in New York City, bounded by Cleveland Place, Lafayette and Kenmare Streets, two blocks north of the old police headquarters at 240 Centre Street, at the juncture of the Little Italy, Nolita, and SoHo. Formerly Kenmare Square, it was renamed in 1987 in honor of Lieutenant Joseph Petrosino, an early 20th century NYPD official dedicated to investigating and combating, among other adversaries, the Black Hand, an early version of the Mafia in America.

The park underwent a $2 million renovation in 2008–2011 and is the site of a Citi Bike docking station.

Black Hand (extortion)
Black Hand (Italian: Mano Nera) was a type of organized extortion, active primarily in the eastern United States from the early 20th century to the 1920s in Italian-American ghettos or neighborhoods and committed mainly by criminal immigrants from southern Italy. The term "Black Hand" was reportedly first used in New York City, in 1903. The practice gradually began to decline around 1915 and ceased to exist during the 1920s, when the first Mafia families in the U.S.—more organized and structured—began to emerge.
2008 Romanian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Romania on 30 November 2008. The Democratic Liberal Party (PDL) won three more seats than PSD in the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, although the alliance headed by the Social Democratic Party (PSD) won more votes and a fractionally higher vote share. The two parties subsequently formed a governing coalition with Emil Boc of the PDL as Prime Minister.

Prime Minister of Romania
The prime minister of Romania (Romanian: Prim-ministrul României), officially the prime minister of the Government of Romania (Romanian: Prim-ministrul Guvernului României), is the head of the Government of Romania. Initially, the office was styled President of the Council of Ministers (Romanian: Președintele Consiliului de Miniștri), when the term "Government" included more than the Cabinet, and the Cabinet was called the Council of Ministers (Romanian: Consiliul de Miniștri). The title was officially changed to Prime Minister by the 1965 Constitution of Romania during the communist regime.
Hamid Ekrem Šahinović
Hamid Ekrem Šahinović (1879/1882 – 30 December 1936) was a Bosnian writer and dramatist. He was editor of Muslimanska svijest (English: Muslim Consciousness), a Bosnian-language newspaper supporting the Young Turks political reform movement, and Novi Behar, the 1920s revival of the Bosnian Muslim political magazine Behar.

Šahinović was born in either 1879 or 1882 in the hamlet Hum near Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina, during Ottoman rule over the country. He completed gymnasium in Sarajevo, then pursued a high education in Zagreb and Vienna. Although Šahinović died 30 December 1936, his year of death is sometimes mistakenly given as 1939.

Foča
Foča (Serbian Cyrillic: Фоча, pronounced [fôtʃa]) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, located in the south-east on the banks of Drina river. As of 2013, the town has a population of 12,234 inhabitants, while the municipality has 18,288 inhabitants.
Foča houses some faculties (including the Medical and Orthodox Theological Faculty of Saint Basil of Ostrog) from the Istočno Sarajevo University. It is also home to the "Seminary of Saint Peter of Sarajevo and Dabar-Bosna", one of seven seminaries in the Serbian Orthodox Church. Foča was, before the ethnic cleansing in 1992-1994, home to one of Bosnia's most important Islamic high schools, the Madrasa of Mehmed Pasha Kukavica. The Sutjeska National Park, which is the oldest National Park in Bosnia and Herzegovina, is located in the municipality.
Park Ji-yoon
Park Ji-yoon (Korean: 박지윤; born January 3, 1982) is a South Korean singer, actress, and model. As a teen model, she gained wide exposure after starring in a Haitai biscuit commercial in 1994, and held a minor role in the television drama Dinosaur Teacher that same year. Her debut studio album, Skyblue Dream, was released in 1997. Park's early career under Taewon Entertainment saw the hit singles "Skyblue Dream", "Steal Away", "Precious Love" and "Don't Know Anything", and she was associated with a charming and fresh image.

In 2000, Park signed with JYP Entertainment and released her fourth album, Coming-of-Age Ceremony. She attracted attention for her provocative transformation, and the album's lead single of the same name became a defining hit for her. She released two further albums with JYP before going on a six-year hiatus in 2003.

Haitai
Haitai (Korean: 해태) is a South Korean company based in Seoul. Its main businesses are retail and instant foods, especially confectionery, beverage and ice cream.

The company was founded on October 3, 1945, and employs 3900 people at 8 plants in Cheonan, Anyang, Hayang, Gwangju, Cheongju, Munmak-eup, and Okcheon.

It was acquired by another Korean company, Crown Confectionery, in October 2004.
Robert M. Knapp
Robert McCarty Knapp (April 21, 1831 – June 24, 1889) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois, brother of Anthony Lausett Knapp.

Born in New York City, Knapp moved with his parents to Jerseyville, Illinois, in 1839.
He attended the common schools and the Kentucky Military Institute in Frankfort, Kentucky.
He studied law.
He was admitted to the bar in 1855 and commenced practice in Jerseyville.
He served as member of the Illinois House of Representatives in 1867.
He served as mayor of Jerseyville 1871–1876.

Knapp was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-third Congress (March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1875).
He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1874.

Knapp was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1877 – March 3, 1879).
He was again an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1878.
He resumed the practice of law.
He died in Jerseyville, Illinois, June 24, 1889.
He was interred in Oak Grove Cemetery in Jerseyville.

43rd United States Congress
The 43rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1873, to March 4, 1875, during the fifth and sixth years of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency.

The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1870 United States census.

Both chambers had a Republican majority. This is the last time Republicans held a 2/3 majority in the Senate.
1990 NCAA Division III baseball tournament
The 1990 NCAA Division III baseball tournament was played at the end of the 1990 NCAA Division III baseball season to determine the 15th national champion of college baseball at the NCAA Division III level.  The tournament concluded with six teams competing at a new location at C. O. Brown Stadium in Battle Creek, Michigan, for the championship.  Six regional tournaments were held to determine the participants in the World Series. Regional tournaments were contested in double-elimination format, with one region consisting of six teams, four regions consisting of four teams, and one region consisting of two teams, which was played as best-of-five, for a total of 24 teams participating in the tournament. The tournament champion was Eastern Connecticut State, who defeated Aurora for the championship.

Eastern Connecticut State University
Eastern Connecticut State University (Eastern, Eastern Connecticut, Eastern Connecticut State, or ECSU) is a public university in Willimantic, Connecticut. Founded in 1889, it is the second-oldest campus in the Connecticut State University System and third-oldest public university in the state. Eastern is located on Windham Street in Willimantic, Connecticut, on 182 acres (74 ha) 30 minutes from Hartford, lying midway between New York City and Boston.

Eastern Connecticut State University is a member of the Connecticut State Colleges & Universities.
Simone Zaggia
Simone Zaggia is an Italian astronomer.  He was born in 1965 and did undergraduate work at the 
University of Padua, where he also received his Ph.D. in 1996.  He has done post-doctoral work at the
European Southern Observatory and the Capodimonte Observatory, he worked at Trieste Observatory and currently (2007) works at Padua Observatory.
Zaggia's research interest include the dynamics of dwarf galaxies and globular clusters.

Dynamics (mechanics)
In classical mechanics, dynamics  is the study of forces and their effect on motion. It is in contrast to statics, which deals with forces on objects at rest. The fundamental principle of dynamics is linked to Newton's second law.
The Southland (band)
The Southland was an American rock band from Los Angeles.  They featured Jed Whedon on keyboards and vocals, Ethan Phillips on bass guitar,  Andy Crosby on drums, Nick Gusikoff on guitar, and Danny Chaimson on keyboards.

The Southland's debut album, Influence of Geography, was released in June 2005. They toured regularly, and supported artists such as Toots & the Maytals, O.A.R., Gavin DeGraw, Tristan Prettyman, Jem, Virginia Coalition, Steel Pulse, and As Fast As. The song "Shadow" from the album Influence of Geography appeared on NBC-TV's Scrubs in late February 2006. They released an EP of demos called MacArthur Park in December 2022 that had been intended for an abandoned second album.

Steel Pulse
Steel Pulse are a British roots reggae band from the Handsworth area of Birmingham, England. They originally formed at Handsworth Wood Boys School, and were composed of David Hinds (lead vocals, guitar), Basil Gabbidon (lead guitar, vocals), and Ronald McQueen (bass); along with Basil's brother Colin briefly on drums and Mykaell Riley (vocals, percussion). Steel Pulse were the first non-Jamaican act to win the Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album. Collectively the band has won one Grammy award with nine nominations.
St Isidore's
St Isidore's is a heritage-listed homestead at 40 Post Office Road, Mapleton, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from c. 1900 to c. 1913 by James Blair Cramb. It is also known as Mapleton Homestead, Seaview House, and St Isidore's Farm College. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 July 2000.

Sunshine Coast Region
The Sunshine Coast Region is a local government area located in the Sunshine Coast region of South East Queensland, Australia, from which it takes its name.

It was created by the amalgamation in 2008 of the City of Caloundra and the Shires of Maroochy and Noosa. It contains 4,194 kilometres (2,606 mi) of roads, 211 kilometres (131 mi) of coastline and a population of 351,424 in January 2021. The budget for the 2020–2021 financial year totals A$782 million including $243 million for Capital Works.

On 1 January 2014, the Shire of Noosa was re-established independent of the Sunshine Coast Regional Council.

In the 2021 census, the Sunshine Coast Region had a population of 342,541 people.
Santa Maria Valley Railroad
The Santa Maria Valley Railroad (reporting mark SMV) is a 14.8 miles (23.8 km) shortline railroad that interchanges with the Union Pacific Railroad's (former Southern Pacific) Coast Line at Guadalupe, California. As of 2006, the Railroad is owned by the Coast Belle Rail Corporation.

GE 70-ton switcher
The GE 70-ton switcher is a 4-axle diesel-electric locomotive built by General Electric between about 1942 and 1955. It is classified as a B-B type locomotive. The first series of "70 tonners" were a group of seven center-cab locomotives built for the New York Central Railroad in November 1942.  These units differ from the later end-cab versions.  Locomotives exported to Brazil were known as GE 64T (70 short tons or 63 long tons or 64 metric tons) and nicknamed "scooters".
Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance
The Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance is an open access scientific journal that was established in 2010 and is published by the Oslo Bioimpedance Group with assistance of the University of Oslo Library. The editor-in-chief is Ørjan G. Martinsen (University of Oslo). The journal publishes reviews, articles, and educational material covering research on all aspects of bioimpedance. It is abstracted and indexed in Scopus and PubMed Central.

Bioelectrical impedance analysis
Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a method for estimating body composition, in particular body fat and muscle mass, where a weak electric current flows through the body, and the voltage is measured in order to calculate impedance (resistance and reactance) of the body. Most body water is stored in muscle. Therefore, if a person is more muscular, there is a high chance that the person will also have more body water, which leads to lower impedance. Since the advent of the first commercially available devices in the mid-1980s the method has become popular, owing to its ease of use and portability of the equipment. It is familiar in the consumer market as a simple instrument for estimating body fat. BIA actually determines the electrical impedance, or opposition to the flow of an electric current through body tissues, which can then be used to estimate total body water (TBW), which can be used to estimate fat-free body mass and, by difference with body weight, body fat.
Akali movement
The Akali movement (IPA: /əˈkɑːli/; known in Punjabi as the Ākali Morcha), also called the Gurdwara Reform Movement, was a set of campaigns to bring reform in the gurdwaras (the Sikh places of worship) in India during the early 1920s. The movement led to the introduction of the Sikh Gurdwara Bill in 1925, which placed all the historical Sikh shrines in India under the control of Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC).

The Akalis also participated in the Indian independence movement against the British Government, and supported the non-cooperation movement against them.

Baba Kharak Singh
Baba Kharak Singh (6 June 1867 — 6 October 1963) was a Sikh playwright born at Sialkot in British India. He was involved in the Indian independence movement and was president of the Central Sikh League. He was also one of the founders of the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee.

He was a Sikh political leader and virtually the first president of the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee. He was among the first batch of students who graduated (1889) from Punjab University, Lahore. His father, Rai Bahadur Sardar Hari Singh, was a wealthy contractor and industrialist. Today, a prominent road, which is a radial road of Connaught Place, New Delhi towards Gurdwara Bangla Sahib, is named Baba Kharak Singh Marg, after him.
Oddmund Andersen
Oddmund Andersen (21 December 1915 – 23 November 1999) was a Norwegian football defender who played as a centre-half and was a reserve member of the Norway squad in the 1938 FIFA World Cup. In total, he won four full caps for Norway between 1936 and 1946. His older brother Hans Andersen was also capped once by Norway.

On club level, Andersen played for Mjøndalen. He was a member of the MIF teams that won the Norwegian Cup in 1934 and 1937.

1938 FIFA World Cup
The 1938 FIFA World Cup was the 3rd edition of the World Cup, the quadrennial international football championship for senior men's national teams. It was held in France from 4 to 19 June 1938. Italy defended its title in the final, beating Hungary 4–2. Italy's 1934 and 1938 teams hold the distinction of being the only men's national team to win the World Cup multiple times under the same coach, Vittorio Pozzo. It would be the last World Cup until 1950 as the 1942 and 1946 World Cups were cancelled due to World War II.
Alexander Sergeyevich Makarov
Aleksandr Sergeyevich Makarov (born in 1946) was the mayor of Tomsk from 1996 to 2011. He was born in Slavyansk-na-Kubani, Krasnodar Krai, before moving to Tomsk with his family. After graduating from the Tomsk Medical Institute, he worked as a surgeon in Krasnoyarsk Krai before returning to Tomsk to work in the local psychiatric hospital. He later entered the Tomsk State Pedagogical University and earned his teaching certification.

After two years of teaching, Makarov entered public service: first as the chairman of the presidium of the council of people's deputies of Sovietskii Rayon (1990–1992) and later as the head of the Sovietskii raion administration (1992–1996). In 1994, he won a seat in the Tomsk Oblast duma. His seat in the duma became a springboard for his run for the mayorship of the city in 1996. Makarov defeated Gennadiy Konovalov that year and was re-elected in 2001 and 2006. From 1996–2001 he served simultaneously as mayor and as a oblast duma deputy.

Krasnoyarsk Krai
Krasnoyarsk Krai is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia located in Siberia. Its administrative center is the city of Krasnoyarsk, the second-largest city in Siberia after Novosibirsk. Comprising half of the Siberian Federal District, Krasnoyarsk Krai is the largest krai in Russia, the second-largest federal subject in the country after neighboring Sakha, and the third-largest country subdivision by area in the world. The krai covers an area of 2,366,797 square kilometers (913,825 sq mi), constituting roughly 13% of Russia's total area. Krasnoyarsk Krai has a population of 2,856,971 as of the 2021 census.
Philip Gray
Philip Gray (1821 – 28 February 1857) was an Irish republican, revolutionary and a member of the Irish Confederation. He took part in the Risings of 1848 and 1849 along with James Fintan Lalor and both James Stephens and John O'Mahony, who would go on to establish the Irish Republican Brotherhood in Ireland and the Fenian Brotherhood in the United States.

Fenian Brotherhood
The Fenian Brotherhood (Irish: Bráithreachas na bhFíníní) was an Irish republican organisation founded in the United States in 1858 by John O'Mahony and Michael Doheny. It was a precursor to Clan na Gael, a sister organisation to the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB). Members were commonly known as "Fenians". O'Mahony, who was a Gaelic scholar, named his organisation after the Fianna, the legendary band of Irish warriors led by Fionn mac Cumhaill.
FC Dvin Artashat
Dvin Artashat (Armenian: Ֆուտբոլային Ակումբ Դվին Արտաշատ), is a defunct Armenian football club from Artashat, Ararat Province. It was founded in 1982 under the name Olympia Artashat. After the independence of Armenia, the club participated in the domestic competitions under the name FC Artashat, between 1992 and 1993. In 1995, the club was renamed FC Dvin Artashat. However, after the 1999 Armenian Premier League season, the club was dissolved and is currently inactive from any professional football in Armenia.

Armenian Premier League
The Armenian Premier League (Armenian: Հայաստանի Պրեմիեր Լիգա, known as the Armenian Fastex Premier League for sponsorship reasons) is the top football competition in Armenia. From 1936 to 1991, the competition was held as a regional tournament within the USSR. Following Armenia's independence, the Football Federation of Armenia has been the governing authority of the league. Over the years, the league has evolved into a small league consisting of ten teams. The winner of the league is awarded a spot in the first qualifying round of the UEFA Champions League.