hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paul Busby
Paul Miller Busby (August 25, 1918 – December 5, 2003), nicknamed "Red", was an American Major League Baseball outfielder who played for the Philadelphia Phillies (1941 and 1943). He was born in Waynesboro, Mississippi.

Busby made his major league debut on September 14, 1941, in a road game against the Pittsburgh Pirates at Forbes Field.  His last appearance (July 1, 1943) was in a home doubleheader against the Pirates at Shibe Park.

Busby appeared in the outfield 13 times in his 36 games.  While in the field he recorded 28 putouts without making an error. He went 15-for-56 at the plate (.268) with 7 RBI and 16 runs scored.

Doubleheader (baseball)
In the sport of baseball, a doubleheader is a set of two games played between the same two teams on the same day. Historically, doubleheaders have been played in immediate succession, in front of the same crowd. Contemporarily, the term is also used to refer to two games played between two teams in a single day in front of different crowds and not in immediate succession.

The record for the most doubleheaders played by a major-league team in one season is 44 by the Chicago White Sox in 1943. Between September 4 and September 15, 1928, the Boston Braves played nine consecutive doubleheaders – 18 games in 12 days.
Javakheti Range
Javakheti Range or Javakhk Range  (also Kechut Range or Wet Mountains; Georgian: ჯავახეთის ქედი; Armenian: Ջավախքի լեռնաշղթա) is a volcanic range, in southern Georgia and northern Armenia, part of the Caucasus Mountains. The range is about 50 km (31 mi) long and runs north to south from Trialeti to Bazum Range. It parallels the Samsari Range.

The Chochiani, Shavtskala and Mashavera rivers originate in the range. It contains shield-shaped craterless volcanoes, with a wide base and a small relative height.

The highest peak is Achkasar, at an elevation of 3196 m (10485 ft) above sea level. Other notable peaks include Leyli (3156), Yemlikli (3054), Garanlig (3039), Aghrigar (2973) and Shambiani (2923).

The range is mainly covered with alpine meadows and grasslands. There are a number of small-sized lakes in and around the Javakheti Range.

Alpine tundra
Alpine tundra is a type of natural region or biome that does not contain trees because it is at high elevation, with an associated harsh climate. As the latitude of a location approaches the poles, the threshold elevation for alpine tundra gets lower until it reaches sea level and merges with polar tundra.

The high elevation causes an adverse climate, which is too cold and windy to support tree growth. Alpine tundra transitions to sub-alpine forests below the tree line; stunted forests occurring at the forest-tundra ecotone are known as krummholz. With increasing elevation it ends at the snow line where snow and ice persist through summer.

Alpine tundra occurs in mountains worldwide. The flora of the alpine tundra is characterized by dwarf shrubs close to the ground. The cold climate of the alpine tundra is caused by adiabatic cooling of air, and is similar to polar climate.
Dict.cc
dict.cc is a free, multilingual online dictionary. For offline use the dictionaries can be downloaded as text files and used in various programs on Windows, iOS, Android and Palm OS. Dict.cc GmbH have their main office in the Austrian capital city of Vienna.

Palm OS
Palm OS (later versions of which were also known as Garnet OS) is a discontinued mobile operating system initially developed by Palm, Inc., for personal digital assistants (PDAs) in 1996. Palm OS was designed for ease of use with a touchscreen-based graphical user interface. It was provided with a suite of basic applications for personal information management. Later versions of the OS were extended to support smartphones. The software appeared on the company's line of Palm devices while several other licensees have manufactured devices powered by Palm OS.

Following Palm's purchase of the Palm trademark, the operating system was renamed Garnet OS. In 2007, ACCESS introduced the successor to Garnet OS, called Access Linux Platform; additionally, in 2009, the main licensee of Palm OS, Palm, Inc., switched from Palm OS to webOS for their forthcoming devices.
Monument to Nizami Ganjavi in Baku
The Monument to Nizami Ganjavi, a medieval Persian poet, is located in Baku in Nizami Square, on the intersection of Istiglaliyyat, Ahmad Javad, Azerbaijan and Islam Safarli streets.

The opening ceremony of the monument was held in April 1949. The sculptor of the monument was Fuad Abdurahmanov, People’s Artist of Azerbaijan.

The monument is a 6-meter high bronze statue installed on a 9-meter high octahedral pedestal. The pedestal is of red Labrador, and elements of Azerbaijani architecture of Nizami’s epoch were used in its handling. There is an ornamental carving and faced bronze plates on the lower part of the monument. Seven plates feature scenes from Nizami's works, and one plate displays a memorial inscription.

Ahmad Javad
Ahmad Javad (Azerbaijani: Əhməd Məhəmmədəli oğlu Cavad; May 5, 1892 – October 13, 1937) was an Azerbaijani poet who is best known for writing the words of the National Anthem of Azerbaijan used under the 1918–1920 Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan, and again since 1991, and another poem named Chirpynirdi gara deniz. He was later arrested by the Soviet regime and executed on October 13, 1937, accused of trying to spread Musavat-inspired nationalism to young Azerbaijani poets.
Oratory of Rosario di San Domenico
The Oratory of the Rosary of Saint Dominic (Italian: Oratorio del Rosario di San Domenico) is a Baroque oratory of Palermo. It is located near the Church of Saint Dominic, in the quarter of the Loggia, within the historic centre of Palermo.

The oratory was founded in 1574. In the early 18th century Giacomo Serpotta realized a sumptuous stucco decoration. Moreover, the oratory is decorated with several paintings of important artists like Matthias Stom; Guglielmo Borremans; Geronimo Gerardi (a Nativity); Pietro Novelli; Valerio Castello; and Luca Giordano.

The most prominent painting is the main altarpiece by Anthony van Dyck, depicting the Madonna of the Rosary with the saints Dominic, Catherine of Siena, Vincent Ferrer, Olivia, Nympha, Agatha, Christina and Rosalia. The painting was commissioned to Van Dyck during the period of the 1624 plague.

Pietro Novelli
Pietro Novelli (March 2, 1603 – August 27, 1647) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active mainly in Palermo. Also known as il Monrealese or Pietro "Malta" Novelli to distinguish him from his father, Pietro Antonio Novelli. He was also nicknamed by contemporaries as the Raphael of Sicily.
Gymnastics at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's vault
The men's vault was a gymnastics event contested as part of the Gymnastics at the 1964 Summer Olympics programme at the Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium. The event was held on 18, 20, and 23 October. There were 130 competitors from 30 nations, with nations in the team competition having up to 6 gymnasts and other nations entering up to 3 gymnasts. For the first time in three Games, there was a clear winner with no tie. Haruhiro Yamashita took the gold medal, the second consecutive gold for Japan. Victor Lisitsky finished second, taking silver but breaking the Soviet Union's three-Games gold medal streak. Hannu Rantakari's bronze was Finland's first medal in the event since 1948.

Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium
35°40′47″N 139°42′45″E﻿ / ﻿35.6797°N 139.7125°E﻿ / 35.6797; 139.7125

Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium (東京体育館, Tōkyō Taiikukan) is a sporting complex in Sendagaya, Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan. Built in 1954 for the World Wrestling Championship, it was also used as the venue for gymnastics at the 1964 Summer Olympics, and hosted the table tennis competition at the 2020 Summer Olympics.  The gymnasium was rebuilt to a futuristic design created by Pritzker Prize winner Fumihiko Maki from 1986 to 1990.

The gymnasium is a one-minute walk from Sendagaya Station on the Chūō-Sōbu Line and Kokuritsu Kyogijo Station on the Toei Oedo Line.
Happy Memories
Happy Memories (French: Les Beaux Souvenirs) is a Canadian drama film, directed by Francis Mankiewicz and released in 1981. Identified by film critics as a spiritual if not literal sequel to his previous film Good Riddance (Les Bons débarras), the film stars Julie Vincent as Viviane, a young woman returning home for the first time since running away several years earlier.

The film also stars Monique Spaziani as Viviane's sister Marie, who has an incestuous relationship with their father (Paul Hébert); Andrée Lachapelle as their mother, who also abandoned the family years earlier; and Rémy Girard as their mother's new partner.

The film received three Genie Award nominations at the 3rd Genie Awards: Best Actress (Spaziani), Best Screenplay (Réjean Ducharme) and Best Original Score (Jean Cousineau).

Genie Awards
The Genie Awards were given out annually by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to recognize the best of Canadian cinema from 1980–2012. They succeeded the Canadian Film Awards (1949–1978). In 2013, the Academy merged the Genie Awards with its sister presentation for television, the Gemini Awards, to form the Canadian Screen Awards.

Genie Award candidates were selected from submissions made by the owners of Canadian films or their representatives, based on the criteria laid out in the Genie Rules and Regulations booklet which were distributed to Academy members and industry members. Peer-group juries, assembled from volunteer members of the Academy, met to watch the submissions and select a group of nominees. Academy members then voted on these nominations.
The Milky Way Project
The Milky Way Project is a Zooniverse project whose main goal is to identify stellar-wind bubbles in the Milky Way Galaxy. Users classify sets of infrared images from the Spitzer Space Telescope and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). Scientists believe bubbles in these images are the result of young, massive stars whose light causes shocks in interstellar gas.

Stellar-wind bubble
A stellar-wind bubble is a cavity light-years across filled with hot gas blown into the interstellar medium by the high-velocity (several thousand km/s) stellar wind from a single massive star of type O or B. Weaker stellar winds also blow bubble structures, which are also called astrospheres. The heliosphere blown by the solar wind, within which all the major planets of the Solar System are embedded, is a small example of a stellar-wind bubble.

Stellar-wind bubbles have a two-shock structure. The freely-expanding stellar wind hits an inner termination shock, where its kinetic energy is thermalized, producing 106 K, X-ray-emitting plasma.  The hot, high-pressure, shocked wind expands, driving a shock into the surrounding interstellar gas. If the surrounding gas is dense enough (number densities  or so), the swept-up gas radiatively cools far faster than the hot interior, forming a thin, relatively dense shell around the hot, shocked wind.
2014 Gorni Lom explosions
The 2014 Gorni Lom explosions were a series of explosions that began on the afternoon of October 1, 2014, at 16:59 pm local time at the former Midzhur Ammo Plant in the village of Gorni Lom, in Bulgaria's northwestern Vidin Province. The series of blasts completely destroyed the factory, killing 13 men and 2 women who were inside and injuring three others who were some distance away. As a result of the blast, October 3 was declared a day of national mourning in the country.

Vidin Province
43°48′N 22°41′E﻿ / ﻿43.800°N 22.683°E﻿ / 43.800; 22.683

Vidin Province (Bulgarian: Област Видин) is the northwesternmost province of Bulgaria. It borders Serbia to the west and Romania to the northeast, and its administrative centre is the city of Vidin on the Danube river. The area is divided into 11 municipalities. As of 2023, the province had a population of 72,754.

There are remains of many castles, including Baba Vida, one of the last Bulgarian strongholds during the Ottoman invasion and the Belogradchik fortress.
International Relations Council
The International Relations Council (IRC) is a non-profit (501(c)(3)) non-partisan educational organization in Kansas City, Missouri, and a member of the World Affairs Councils of America. As an educational nonprofit, the IRC works in partnership with a range of businesses, universities, community organizations, K-12 schools, and other interested individuals to grow a global perspective and find international connections within the Greater Kansas City metropolitan area. The IRC works to foster interest in an understanding of international affairs among the citizens of Kansas City through the development of various programs and events. As a membership organization, the IRC welcomes individuals and families, businesses, universities, and other organizations to join as IRC members in order to help sustain global-affairs education in the Kansas City community and receive various benefits.

Jim Lehrer
James Charles Lehrer (/ˈlɛərə/ LAIR-ə; May 19, 1934 – January 23, 2020) was an American journalist, novelist, screenwriter, and playwright. He was the executive editor and a news anchor for the PBS News Hour on PBS and was known for his role as a debate moderator during U.S. presidential election campaigns, moderating 12 presidential debates between 1988 and 2012. Lehrer also wrote numerous fiction and non-fiction books that drew upon his experience as a newsman, along with his interests in history and politics.
Democracy in Europe
Democracy in Europe can be comparatively assessed according to various definitions of democracy. According to the V-Dem Democracy Indices, the European countries with the highest democracy scores in 2023 are Denmark, Norway and Sweden, meanwhile the European countries with lowest democracy scores in 2023 are Belarus, Russia and Turkey.

Comparative politics
Comparative politics is a field in political science characterized either by the use of the comparative method or other empirical methods to explore politics both within and between countries. Substantively, this can include questions relating to political institutions, political behavior, conflict, and the causes and consequences of economic development. When applied to specific fields of study, comparative politics may be referred to by other names, such as comparative government (the comparative study of forms of government).
Timestamping (computing)
In computing, timestamping refers to the use of an electronic timestamp to provide a temporal order among a set of events.

Timestamping techniques are used in a variety of computing fields, from network management and  computer security to concurrency control. For instance, a heartbeat network uses timestamping to monitor the nodes on a high availability computer cluster.

Timestamping computer files (updating  the timestamp in the per-file  metadata every time a file is modified) makes it possible to use efficient build automation tools.

Stat (system call)
stat() is a Unix system call that queries the file system for metadata about a file (including special files such as directories). The metadata contains many fields including type, size, ownership, permissions and timestamps.

For example, the ls command uses this system call to retrieve timestamps:

mtime: when last modified (ls -l)

atime: when last accessed (ls -lu)

ctime: when last status changed (ls -lc)

stat() appeared in Version 1 Unix. It is among the few original Unix system calls to change, with Version 4's addition of group permissions and larger file size.

Since at least 2004, the same-named shell command stat has been available for Linux to expose features of the system call via a command-line interface.
Members of the House of Assembly of Papua and New Guinea, 1968–1972
This is a list of members of the House of Assembly of Papua and New Guinea from 1968 to 1972. The House of Assembly had 94 members, increased from 64 in the previous House. There were 69 open electorates, 15 regional electorates and ten official members. The reserved seats for non-indigenous members in the first House were not retained.

At the beginning of the new House, 18 MPs had publicly identified themselves as belonging to political parties: Pangu Party had thirteen (Cecil Abel, Paul Lapun, Pita Lus, John Guise, Mangobing Kakun, Michael Kaniniba, Siwi Kurondo, Paliau Maloat, James Meangarrum, Donatus Mola, Ebia Olewale, Michael Somare and Tony Voutas), the United Democratic Party had two (Yakob Talis and Beibi Yembanda), the All People's Party had two (Dennis Buchanan and James McKinnon), while the Agricultural Reform Party had one (Epineri Titimur).

Pangu Pati
The Pangu Pati (Pangu Party), officially Papua na Niugini Yunion Pati (lit. 'Papua and New Guinea Union Party'), is a nationalist and developmentalist political party in Papua New Guinea. The party is the oldest political party in Papua New Guinea and has held all levels of government throughout its history. As of 2023, it is the largest party in the National Parliament.
Birthright (1938 film)
Birthright is a 1938 American drama film directed, co-produced and co-written by Oscar Micheaux and starring Carman Newsome. This is a talkie remake of Micheaux's 1924 silent film of the same name; both were adapted from white author T. S. Stribling's eponymous 1922 novel. Starring J. Homer Tutt, Micheaux's 1924 film was highly controversial for its graphic depiction of racism. The film is now considered lost.

Tutt Brothers
Salem Tutt Whitney (né Salem Tutt; November 15, 1875 – February 12, 1934) and J. Homer Tutt (né Jacob Homer Tutt; January 31, 1882 – February 10, 1951), known collectively as the Tutt Brothers, were American vaudeville producers, writers, and performers of the late 19th and early 20th century. They were also known as Whitney & Tutt, Tutt & Whitney and the Whitney Brothers. They were prominent in black vaudeville and created over forty revues for black audiences.
Urda Arneberg
Urda Arneberg (26 January 1929 – 14 May 2000) was a Norwegian actress.

Arneberg made her stage debut at Det Norske Teatret in 1948. She was employed at Riksteatret and Folketeatret 1953 to 1960, and then at Fjernsynsteatret 1960 to 1962. After that, she was employed at the National Theatre from 1962 to 1974, the Trøndelag Teater from 1974 to 1976 and the National Theatre again from 1976.

She appeared in at least 17 films and television shows between 1949 and 1989. A notable appearance was the film Ut av mørket, which was entered into the 8th Berlin International Film Festival.

Riksteatret
Riksteatret (English: National Traveling Theater) is a Norwegian touring theatre. It was established by law in 1948. Its first performance was in Kirkenes in 1949, with Sigurd Christiansen's play En reise i natten. The theatre plays on about 200 different stages throughout the country. Its first theatre director was Fritz von der Lippe, who held this position from 1949 to 1968. Ellen Horn was theatre director from 2005 to 2015, Tom Remlov from 2015 to 2020, and Arne Nøst since 2020.
Cove Grove
Cove Grove is a historic plantation house located near Hertford, Perquimans County, North Carolina.   It was built about 1830, and is a two-story, five-bay, transitional Federal / Greek Revival style frame dwelling.  It has a gable roof and features front and rear full-height porticoes supported by Ionic order columns.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.   It is located in the Old Neck Historic District.

Perquimans County, North Carolina
Perquimans County (/pɜːrˈkwɪmənz/ pur-KWIM-unz) is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,005. Its county seat is Hertford. The Harvey Point Defense Testing Activity facility is located in Perquimans County.
Blame the Messenger
Blame the Messenger is the fifth studio album by experimental singer-songwriter David Thomas, released in January 1987 by Rough Trade and Twin/Tone Records. In 1997, the album was remastered by Paul Hamann and David Thomas for its inclusion in the Monster anthology box set.

Remaster
A remaster is a change in the sound or image quality of previously created forms of media, whether audiophonic, cinematic, or videographic. The resulting product is said to be remastered. The terms digital remastering and digitally remastered are also used.

In a wider sense, remastering a product may involve other, typically smaller inclusions or changes to the content itself. They tend to be distinguished from remakes, based on the original.
Maanavan
Maanavan (transl. Student) is a 1970 Indian Tamil-language coming-of-age drama film directed by M. A. Thirumugam and produced by Sandow M. M. A. Chinnappa Thevar under Dhandayudhapani Films. The scripts were written by Balamurugan. The film starred Jaishankar and Muthuraman with Sowcar Janaki, Lakshmi, Nagesh and Sachu in supporting roles. Kamal Haasan appears only for a dance sequence along with Kutty Padmini. Hassan returns to Cinema as a teen actor after a seven-year hiatus. The film also marks the debut of many character actors and comedians like Pandu, Kathadi Ramamurthy among others.

Kathadi Ramamurthy
Sundaresan Ramamurthy (born April 30, 1938), better known as Kathadi Ramamurthy, is an Indian actor, director, writer and dubbing artiste. He is primarily known for his roles as a comedian in Tamil film, theatre and television.
Ophelia Weaving Her Garlands
Ophelia Weaving Her Garlands is an 1842 oil painting by the British artist Richard Redgrave. It shows Ophelia from William Shakespeare's tragedy Hamlet. Depicted as madness has overcome her, she is shown creating a garland. The painting includes over thirty different types of flower.

The painting was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1842 at the National Gallery, where it was hung near Daniel Maclise's The Play Scene in Hamlet. Today the work is in the collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum in South Kensington, having been gifted by John Sheepshanks in 1857.

South Kensington
South Kensington is a district at the West End of Central London in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. Historically it settled on part of the scattered Middlesex village of Brompton. Its name was supplanted with the advent of the railways in the late 19th century and the opening (and shutting) and naming of local tube stations. It is home to several well-known museums and cultural landmarks such as the Natural History Museum, the Science Museum, the Victoria and Albert Museum, and Imperial College London.
2013 Australian Drivers' Championship
The 2013 Formula 3 Australian Drivers' Championship was a CAMS sanctioned Australian motor racing title, the winner of which was awarded the 2013 CAMS Gold Star. It was the 57th Australian Drivers' Championship and the ninth to be contested with open wheel racing cars constructed in accordance with FIA Formula 3 regulations. The championship began on 29 March at the Mount Panorama Circuit and ended on 17 November at Sandown Raceway after seven rounds across five different states and territories. Formula 3 Management Pty Ltd was appointed by CAMS as the Category Manager for the Championship.

With nine victories and nine second places, Tim Macrow won his second Australian Drivers' Championship title by 32 points ahead of seven-time race winner John Magro, while Nick Foster rounded out the top three placings, with two race victories to his name. The only other race winners during the season were Nathan Morcom and James Winslow, who each won a race at the Mount Panorama round.

Sandown Raceway
Sandown International Raceway is a motor racing circuit in the suburb of Springvale in Melbourne, Victoria, approximately 25 km (16 mi) south east of the city centre. Sandown is considered a power circuit with its "drag strip" front and back straights being 899 and 910 m (983 and 995 yd) long respectively.