hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Unknot
In the mathematical theory of knots, the unknot, not knot, or trivial knot, is the least knotted of all knots. Intuitively, the unknot is a closed loop of rope without a knot tied into it, unknotted.  To a knot theorist, an unknot is any embedded topological circle in the 3-sphere that is ambient isotopic (that is, deformable) to a geometrically round circle, the standard unknot.

The unknot is the only knot that is the boundary of an embedded disk, which gives the characterization that only unknots have Seifert genus 0.  Similarly, the unknot is the identity element with respect to the knot sum operation.

Identity element
In mathematics, an identity element or neutral element of a binary operation is an element that leaves unchanged every element when the operation is applied. For example, 0 is an identity element of the addition of real numbers. This concept is used in algebraic structures such as groups and rings. The term identity element is often shortened to identity (as in the case of additive identity and multiplicative identity) when there is no possibility of confusion, but the identity implicitly depends on the binary operation it is associated with.
Carbophenothion
Carbophenothion also known as Stauffer R 1303 as for the manufacturer, Stauffer Chemical, is an organophosphorus chemical compound. It was used as a pesticide for citrus fruits under the name of Trithion. Carbophenothion was used as an insecticide and acaricide. Although not used anymore it is still a restricted use pesticide in the United States. The chemical is identified in the US as an extremely hazardous substance according to the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act.

Cholinesterase
The enzyme cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8, choline esterase; systematic name acylcholine acylhydrolase) catalyses the hydrolysis of choline-based esters, several of which serve as neurotransmitters.:

an acylcholine + H2O = choline + a carboxylate

These reactions are necessary to allow a cholinergic neuron to return to its resting state after activation. For example, in muscle contraction, acetylcholine at a neuromuscular junction triggers a contraction; but for the muscle to relax afterward, rather than remaining locked in a tense state, the acetylcholine must be broken down by a choline esterase.

Two types of cholinesterase have been characterized: acetyl­cholin­esterase (also called choline esterase I or erythrocyte cholinesterase), found mainly in chemical synapses and red blood cell membranes, and butyryl­cholin­esterase (also called choline esterase II or plasma cholinesterase), found mainly in the blood plasma.
Mocl
mocl is a programming language, a dialect and implementation of the language Lisp named Common Lisp. It is focused on mobile device platforms. It includes a compiler and runtime system. It currently runs on iOS, Android, and macOS.

Mobile device
A mobile device or handheld device is a computer small enough to hold and operate in hand. Mobile devices are typically battery-powered and possess a flat-panel display and one or more built-in input devices, such as a touchscreen or keypad. Modern mobile devices often emphasize wireless networking, to both the Internet and to other devices in their vicinity, such as headsets or in-car entertainment systems, via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cellular networks, or near-field communication.
Kadéï River
The Kadéï River is a tributary of the Sangha River that flows through Cameroon and the Central African Republic. Its total drainage basin is 24,000 km2. The river rises from the eastern Adamawa Plateau, southeast of Garoua-Boulaï (5°53′50″N 14°33′30″E﻿ / ﻿5.89722°N 14.55833°E﻿ / 5.89722; 14.55833﻿ (Kadéï River headwaters)) in Cameroon's East Province. The Kadéï is swelled by two tributaries, the Doumé at Mindourou (4°7′45″N 14°34′22″E﻿ / ﻿4.12917°N 14.57278°E﻿ / 4.12917; 14.57278﻿ (Doumé River mouth)) and the Boumbé (4°6′45″N 15°7′10″E﻿ / ﻿4.11250°N 15.11944°E﻿ / 4.11250; 15.11944﻿ (Boumbé River mouth)), before reaching Cameroon–Central African Republic border, following the border for 12 km, and then flowing east into the Central African Republic. At Nola (3°31′10″N 16°2′35″E﻿ / ﻿3.51944°N 16.04306°E﻿ / 3.51944; 16.04306﻿ (Kadéï River mouth)), the Kadéï meets the Mambéré and becomes the Sangha. The Kadéï is part of the Congo River basin.

Garoua-Boulaï
Garoua-Boulaï (or Garoua-Boulay) is a town and commune in Cameroon. The town is on the border with the Central African Republic. Across the border, the nearest CAR settlement accessible by road is Baboua.
Catharine McClellan
Catharine "Kitty" McClellan (March 1, 1921 – March 3, 2009) was an American cultural anthropologist who is known for her documentation of the oral history and storytelling typical of Athabascan speaking, Tlingit and Tagish peoples of the Yukon Territory. Catharine's work extended past her academic research, as she also became an advocate for their rights on issues such as the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline debate in 1976. Her husband was fellow anthropologist John Hitchcock whom she married in 1974; he died in 2001 from natural health complications.

Tagish
The Tagish or Tagish Khwáan (Tagish: Tā̀gish kotʼīnèʼ; Tlingit: Taagish ḵwáan) are a First Nations people of the Athabaskan-speaking ethnolinguistic group that lived around Tagish Lake and Marsh Lake, in Yukon of Canada. The Tagish intermarried heavily with Tlingit from the coast and the Tagish language became extinct in 2008. Today Tagish people live mainly in Carcross or Whitehorse and are members of the Carcross/Tagish First Nation or the Kwanlin Dün First Nation.

Members of the Tagish First Nation made the gold discovery that led to the Klondike Gold Rush: Keish (Skookum Jim Mason), Shaaw Tláa (Kate Carmack) and Káa goox (Dawson Charlie).

The word Tagish also refers to the Tagish language, an Athabaskan language spoken by the ancestors of these people.

Tagish means "it (spring ice) is breaking up" and also gave its name to Tagish Lake.
Selection Committee (Australia)
The Selection Committee is a committee of the Australian House of Representatives responsible for determining the program of private members business in the House of Representatives. The committee is governed by Standing Order 222 and consists of fourteen members, eight government members and six non-government members. The Speaker is chair of the committee ex officio. The Deputy Speaker can substitute for the Speaker in his absence.

Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives
The speaker of the Australian House of Representatives is the presiding officer of the Australian House of Representatives, the lower house of the Parliament of Australia. The counterpart in the upper house is the president of the Senate. The office of the speakership was established in 1901 by section 35 of the Constitution of Australia. The primary responsibilities of the office is to oversee house debates, determine which members may speak, maintain order and the parliamentary and ministerial codes of conduct during sessions and uphold all rules and standing orders. The current speaker of the House of Representatives is Milton Dick, who was elected on 26 July 2022.
Bjøllådalen
Bjøllådalen (Norwegian) or Biellokvágge (Lule Sami) is a valley in Rana Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is a side valley of the Dunderland Valley, and is located in the Saltfjellet mountains, within the Saltfjellet–Svartisen National Park. The river Bjøllåga flows through the valley. The old road across Saltfjellet passed through Bjøllådalen.

Saltfjellet–Svartisen National Park
Saltfjellet–Svartisen National Park (Norwegian: Saltfjellet–Svartisen nasjonalpark) is a national park in Nordland county in Norway. It is located within the municipalities of Beiarn, Meløy, Rana, Rødøy, Saltdal, and Bodø. The park forms the centrepiece of a larger protected area of about 2,839 square kilometres (1,096 sq mi), which includes the adjacent Gåsvatnan and Saltfjellet landscape protection areas and four small nature reserves. Saltfjellet–Svartisen features diverse landscapes ranging from coastal regions to alpine plateaux, birch-covered valleys, and tundra, with Svartisen—Scandinavia's second-largest glacier at roughly 370 square kilometres (140 sq mi) occupying the southwestern corner. The park's calcareous bedrock supports a remarkably rich flora, while traditional Sámi reindeer husbandry continues within its boundaries. The European route E6 highway and the Nordland Line railway both follow the southern and eastern borders around the park.
Dositej Obradović
Dositej Obradović (Serbian Cyrillic: Доситеј Обрадовић, Serbian pronunciation: [dɔsǐtɛːj ɔbrǎːdɔʋitɕ]; 17 February 1739 – 7 April 1811) was a Serbian writer, philosopher, pedagogue, translator, educational reformer, linguist and the first minister of education of Serbia. An influential protagonist of the Serbian national and cultural renaissance, he advocated Enlightenment and rationalist ideas, while remaining a Serbian patriot and an adherent of the Serbian Orthodox Church.

Patriotism
Patriotism is the feeling of love, devotion, and a sense of attachment to one's country or state. This attachment can be a combination of different feelings for things such as the language of one's homeland, and its ethnic, cultural, political, or historical aspects. It may encompass a set of concepts closely related to nationalism, mostly civic nationalism and sometimes cultural nationalism.
Batavia, Illinois
Batavia (/bəˈteɪviə/) is a city mainly in Kane County and partly in DuPage County in the U.S. state of Illinois. Located in the Chicago metropolitan area, it was founded in 1833 and is the oldest city in Kane County. Per the 2020 census, the population was 26,098.

During the latter part of the 19th century, Batavia, home to six American-style windmill manufacturing companies, became known as "The Windmill City". Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, a federal government-sponsored high-energy physics laboratory, where both the bottom quark and the top quark were first detected, is located just east of the city limits.

Batavia is part of a vernacular region known as the Tri-City area, along with St. Charles and Geneva, all western suburbs of similar size and relative socioeconomic condition.

Bottom quark
The bottom quark, beauty quark, or b quark, is an elementary particle of the third generation. It is a heavy quark with a charge of −⁠1/3⁠ e.

All quarks are described in a similar way by electroweak interaction and quantum chromodynamics, but the bottom quark has exceptionally low rates of transition to lower-mass quarks. The bottom quark is also notable because it is a product in almost all top quark decays, and is a frequent decay product of the Higgs boson.
Itunundu
Itunundu is an administrative ward in the Iringa Rural district of the Iringa Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 9,833 people in the ward, from 000 in 2012.: 105 : 57

National Bureau of Statistics (Tanzania)
The National Bureau of Statistics is a branch of the Government of Tanzania which has the mandate to provide official statistics to the Government of Tanzania, business community and the public at large. It is based in Dodoma and obtains a wide range of economic, social and demographic statistics about the country. The bureau compiled data on every village in Tanzania for the censuses of 2002, 2012 and 2022, but also provides the results of the previous censuses of 1967, 1978 and 1988.
Scopulifer
Scopulifer is a genus of Asian click beetle allies in the subfamily Eucneminae and tribe Dendrocharini, erected by Edmond Fleutiaux in 1896.

Note This genus should not be confused with the genus of African skipper butterflies: Scopulifera Libert, 2014 - (tribe Celaenorrhinini).

Celaenorrhinini
The Celaenorrhinini are a tribe of spread-winged skippers in the skipper butterfly subfamily Tagiadinae.

These skippers are mainly found in tropical Africa. A few are found in Asia, and some species presently placed in the (paraphyletic) type genus Celaenorrhinus are found in the Neotropics.
Threlfall
Threlfall is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Threlfall (born 1953), English actor

Dick Threlfall (1916–1994), English footballer

Edward Threlfall, English footballer in the 1900s

George Threlfall (engineer) (1819–1897), English-born Australian engineer and entrepreneur

George Threlfall (footballer) (1899–1988), Australian rules footballer

Jeanette Threlfall (1821–1880), English hymnwriter, religious poet

Mary Threlfall (1910–1996), Australian nurse

Philip Threlfall (born 1967), English cricketer

Sir Richard Threlfall (1861–1932), English chemist and engineer in Australia

Robbie Threlfall (born 1988), English footballer

T. R. Threlfall (1852–after 1932), English trade unionist and politician

Wilf Threlfall  (1906–1988), English footballer

William Threlfall (1888–1949), German mathematician

Jeanette Threlfall
Jeanette Threlfall (pen name, J. T.; 24 March 1821 – 30 November 1880) was a 19th-century English hymnwriter and author of other sacred poems. She published Woodsorrel, 1856; The Babe and the Princess, 1864; Sunshine and Shadow, 1873; and two little prose works. Threlfall was brought up by an uncle and other relatives as her parents died when she was young. Suffering from poor health during the greater part of her life served to deepen her spiritual faith, and gave her time to write hymns. Her literary and religious accomplishment were lauded after her death in 1880, by such authorities as Dean Arthur Penrhyn Stanley, Dean Frederic Farrar, and Bishop Christopher Wordsworth. "We praise Thee in the morning" may be taken as a specimen of her style, while her Palm Sunday hymn, "Hosanna! loud hosanna", was very popular with children.
Romar (surname)
Romar is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Romar (born 1989), Finnish alpine skier

John B. Romar (c. 1825–1892), American mayor

Lorenzo Romar (born 1958), American basketball coach and former player

Lorenzo Romar
Lorenzo Romar (born November 13, 1958) is an American basketball coach and former player. He currently serves as an assistant coach for the Loyola Marymount Lions, a position he has held since 2024. He previously was the head men's basketball coach at Pepperdine University, a position he held from 1996 to 1999 and resumed from 2018 to 2024. Romar also served as the head men's basketball coach at Saint Louis University from 1999 to 2002 and the University of Washington from 2002 to 2017.
Tibasosa
Tibasosa (Spanish pronunciation: [tiβaˈsosa]) is a municipality in the Sugamuxi Province, part of the Colombian department of Boyacá. Tibasosa borders Duitama and Nobsa in the north, Nobsa and Sogamoso in the east, Firavitoba in the south and Paipa in the west.

Departments of Colombia
Colombia is a unitary republic made up of thirty-two administrative divisions referred to as departments (Spanish: departamentos, sing. departamento) and one Capital District (Distrito Capital). Departments are country subdivisions and are granted a certain degree of autonomy. Each department has a governor (gobernador) and an Assembly (Asamblea Departamental), elected by popular vote for a four-year period. The governor cannot be re-elected in consecutive periods.

Departments are formed by a grouping of municipalities (municipios, sing. municipio). Municipal government is headed by mayor (alcalde) and administered by a municipal council (concejo municipal), both of which are elected by popular vote for four-year periods.
Carry on Till Tomorrow
"Carry on Till Tomorrow" is a song written by Tom Evans and Pete Ham that was first released on Badfinger's 1970 album Magic Christian Music.  It was also used in the film The Magic Christian, starring Ringo Starr and Peter Sellers. An edited version was later used as the b-side of Badfinger's single "No Matter What" in the United States.

Pete Ham
Peter William Ham (27 April 1947 – 24 April 1975) was a Welsh musician and songwriter who was the lead vocalist and composer of the rock band Badfinger from 1961 until his death in 1975. He also co-wrote the ballad "Without You", a worldwide number one hit for Harry Nilsson that has become a standard covered by hundreds of artists. Ham was granted two Ivor Novello Awards related to the song in 1973.

Ham died by suicide in 1975 at the age of 27 after Badfinger was financially ruined by their fraudulent manager Stan Polley.
Modal jazz
Modal jazz is jazz that makes use of musical modes, often modulating among them to accompany the chords instead of relying on one tonal center used across the piece.

Though exerting influence to the present, modal jazz was most popular in the 1950s and 1960s, as evidenced by the success of Miles Davis's 1958 composition "Milestones" and 1959 album Kind of Blue, and John Coltrane's quartet from 1960 to 1965. Other performers of modal jazz include Chick Corea, Bill Evans, Herbie Hancock, Joe Henderson, Bobby Hutcherson, Pharoah Sanders, Woody Shaw, Wayne Shorter, McCoy Tyner, and Larry Young.

Bobby Hutcherson
Robert Hutcherson (January 27, 1941 – August 15, 2016) was an American jazz vibraphone and marimba player. "Little B's Poem", from the 1966 Blue Note album Components, is one of his best-known compositions. Hutcherson influenced younger vibraphonists including Steve Nelson, Joe Locke, and Stefon Harris.
Masked finch
The masked finch (Poephila personata) is a small passerine bird in the estrildid finch family, Estrildidae. It is a common resident of dry savannah across northern Australia, from the Kimberley, across the Top End, the Gulf country and the southern part of Cape York Peninsula, as far east as Chillagoe, but always near water.

Chillagoe, Queensland
Chillagoe is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Mareeba, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Chillagoe had a population of 214 people.

It was once a thriving mining town for a range of minerals, but is now reduced to a small zinc mine and some marble quarries.

Just out of town is the Chillagoe-Mungana Caves National Park containing limestone caves. There are between 600 and 1,000 caves in the Chillagoe-Mungana area. The caves, the spectacular karst landscape and the mining and smelting history are the main tourist attractions to the region.

It has been stated by leading geologist Professor Ian Plimer that the Chillagoe region has the most diverse geology in the world.
Wolkoff
Wolkoff (Russian: Во́лков) is a Russian and Ashkenazi Jewish surname. It is a  westernized version of the surname Volkov. Notable people with this surname include:

Alexander Wolkoff (1844-1928, signed as A. N. Roussoff), Russian botanist and painter; see Palazzo Barbaro Wolkoff.

Anna Wolkoff (1902-1973), Russian-born Britain's administrator

Norma Lerner (born 1935/36 as Norma Wolkoff), American billionaire

Stephanie Winston Wolkoff, American fashion and entertainment executive, senior advisor to Melania Trump

Stephanie Winston Wolkoff
Stephanie Winston Wolkoff (born Batinkoff, January 21, 1971): ¶28  is an American fashion and entertainment executive and former senior advisor to the first lady Melania Trump. Before her role in politics she produced various notable events in New York City, including the Met Gala, and later worked as the founding fashion director for Lincoln Center facilitating the expansion of its Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week.
Christianity in Anglo-Saxon England
In the seventh century the pagan Anglo-Saxons were converted to Christianity (Old English: Crīstendōm) mainly by missionaries sent from Rome. Irish missionaries from Iona, who were proponents of Celtic Christianity, were influential in the conversion of 
Northumbria, but after the Synod of Whitby in 664, the Anglo-Saxon church gave its allegiance to the Pope.

Eanswith
Saint Eanswith (Old English: Ēanswīþ; born c. 630, Kent, England. Died c. 650, Folkestone, England), also spelled Eanswythe or Eanswide, was an Anglo-Saxon princess, who is said to have founded Folkestone Priory, one of the first Christian monastic communities for women in Britain. Her possible remains were the subject of research, published in 2020.
Dorchester Abbey Museum
Dorchester Abbey Museum is a local museum in the town of Dorchester, Oxfordshire, England. It is attached to Dorchester Abbey.

The museum occupies two buildings on the site of Dorchester Abbey. The Old Schoolroom, part of the former 14th-century guest house of the abbey, has displays of artefacts, illustrations and maps concerning the history of Dorchester and its surroundings. The area has been inhabited for over 6,000 years. It also houses a historical archive. The Cloister Gallery is a new gallery on the northern wall of the Abbey, built in 2001. It displays a permanent exhibition, "If Stones Could Speak", presenting the Abbey using its collection of carved and moulded medieval stonework.

The museum was short-listed for the 2006 Gulbenkian Prize for the Cloister Gallery.

Dorchester on Thames
Dorchester on Thames is an historic village and civil parish in South Oxfordshire, Oxfordshire, England, located about 9 miles (14 km) southeast of Oxford at the confluence of the River Thames and River Thame.

The village has evidence of prehistoric and Roman settlement and rose to prominence in the 7th century when Birinus established a bishopric there. It is best known for Dorchester Abbey, a former cathedral and now a parish church with significant Norman and Gothic architecture.

Today, Dorchester is noted for its historic character, riverside setting, and role in religious and early English history.
Mario Serandrei
Mario Serandrei (23 May 1907 – 17 April 1966) was an Italian film editor and screenwriter.

Born in Naples, he started in the film industry in 1931 as an assistant director.  He edited over two hundred films during his career, and worked steadily until his death in 1966.  As an editor, Serandrei's credits included Federico Fellini's Il bidone (1955), Pietro Francisci's Hercules (1958) and Hercules Unchained (1959), Valerio Zurlini's Violent Summer (1959), La ragazza con la valigia (1961) and Cronaca familiare (1962), and the Robert Aldrich/Sergio Leone film of Sodom and Gomorrah (1963). He enjoyed a long working relationship with director Luchino Visconti, editing Ossessione (1943), Bellissima (1951), Senso (1954), Rocco and His Brothers (1960) and The Leopard (1963).

At the end of his career, he edited many films directed by Mario Bava, including Black Sunday (1960) (which he also co-wrote), Black Sabbath (1963), and Blood and Black Lace (1965).

Sodom and Gomorrah (1962 film)
Sodom and Gomorrah (also known as The Last Days of Sodom and Gomorrah in the United States) is a 1962 epic biblical film directed by Robert Aldrich from a screenplay by Hugo Butler and Giorgio Prosperi, loosely based on the Biblical reading of Sodom and Gomorrah. An international co-production between France, Italy and the United States, the film stars Stewart Granger, Pier Angeli, Stanley Baker, Rossana Podestà, Rik Battaglia, Giacomo Rossi-Stuart and Anouk Aimée.
Sazlıköy railway station
Sazlıköy railway station (Turkish: Sazlıköy istasyonu) is a railway station in Sazlı, Turkey, just north of Söke. The station is located in the northern part of the town, adjacent to the D.525 state highway. TCDD Taşımacılık operates regional rail service from Söke to İzmir, Denizli and Nazilli, totalling five trains per day, in each direction. Sazlıköy station opened on 1 December 1890 by the Ottoman Railway Company along with the branch line to Söke.

TCDD Transport
TCDD Transport or Turkish State Railways Transport (Turkish: TCDD Taşımacılık, reporting mark TCDDT) is a government-owned railway company responsible for the operations of most passenger and freight rail in Turkey. The company was formed on 14 June 2016, splitting off from Turkish State Railways (TCDD) to take over railway operations, while TCDD would continue to administer railway infrastructure. TCDD Taşımacılık officially began operations on 1 January 2017.

TCDD Taşımacılık operates trains on a network of over 12,430 km (7,720 mi) within 59 of the 81 provinces in Turkey.