hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Madras
The Battle of Madras or Fall of Madras took place in September 1746 during the War of the Austrian Succession when a French force attacked and captured the city of Madras from its British garrison.

French forces occupied Madras until the end of hostilities when it was exchanged for the British conquest of Louisbourg in North America as part of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. One of the British defenders, Robert Clive made his name by escaping from the French captors and carrying news of the city's fall to his superiors at Fort St David.

Pondicherry
Pondicherry, officially known as Puducherry, is the capital and most populous city of the Union Territory of Puducherry in India. The city is in the Puducherry district on the southeast coast of India and is surrounded by the Bay of Bengal to the east and the state of Tamil Nadu, with which it shares most of its culture, heritage, and language.
Emanuel Hammer
Emanuel Frederick Hammer (August 15, 1926 – May 18, 2005) was an American psychologist and author who studied connections between creativity and criminality via projective tests and art therapy. He founded the Institute for Projective Drawings and served as director of Lincoln Institute of Psychotherapy in New York City. He published 15 books and was a Fellow of the American Psychological Association.

Projective test
In psychology, a projective test is a personality test designed to let a person respond to ambiguous stimuli, presumably revealing hidden emotions and internal conflicts projected by the person into the test. This is sometimes contrasted with a so-called "objective test" / "self-report test", which adopt a "structured" approach as responses are analyzed according to a presumed universal standard (for example, a multiple choice exam), and are limited to the content of the test. The responses to projective tests are content analyzed for meaning rather than being based on presuppositions about meaning, as is the case with objective tests. Projective tests have their origins in psychoanalysis, which argues that humans have conscious and unconscious attitudes and motivations that are beyond or hidden from conscious awareness.
Charles Mound
Charles Mound is a gentle, 1,235-foot (376 m) high hill located in Scales Mound Township, Jo Daviess County, Illinois, United States. It is 2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of the small town of Scales Mound, and 11 miles (18 km) northeast of Galena. Despite its name, Charles Mound is a naturally occurring, erosional feature and is not to be confused with the intentional mounds created by native cultures. It is the highest natural point in the state and is thus considered a state highpoint. It is the lowest state highpoint in the Midwestern region of the United States.

Highpointing
Highpointing is the activity of ascending to the point with the highest natural elevation within a given area, known as the highpoint. Those who pursue the activity are known as highpointers.

Highpointing has been considered a subset of peak bagging, the goal of which is to reach the summit of every mountain on a certain list.
Twice videography
The videography of South Korean group Twice consists of forty-eight music videos, two films, twenty video albums, thirty-three DVDs and sixty-three reality shows. The group composed of nine members; Nayeon, Jeongyeon, Momo, Sana, Jihyo, Mina, Dahyun, Chaeyoung and Tzuyu, was formed by JYP Entertainment in July 2015 through the survival television show Sixteen.

Mina (Japanese singer)
Mina Myoi (Japanese: 名井 南; born Mina Sharon Myoi, March 24, 1997), known mononymously as Mina (Korean: 미나; Japanese: ミナ), is a Japanese singer and dancer based in South Korea. She is a member of the South Korean girl group Twice, which debuted under JYP Entertainment in 2015, and its subgroup MiSaMo, which debuted in 2023.
Bellingham Conglomerate
The Bellingham Conglomerate is a stratigraphic unit in eastern Massachusetts and northern Rhode Island in the United States. It is mainly a conglomerate and greywacke, exclusive to the Bellingham Basin.

The conglomerate has granite and quartzite pebbles in a mica matrix, which are sourced from the neighboring Blackstone Group and Milford Granite (which has locally unique blue quartz). The two main rock types are interbedded with chlorite phyllite, which contains minerals such as muscovite, quartz, zoisite, magnetite and chloritoid.

The age of the formation has historically been correlated with Pennsylvanian-age rocks of the Narragansett Basin, but it may be the same age as the Roxbury Conglomerate in the Boston Basin (i.e., Neoproterozoic).

Magnetite
Magnetite is a mineral and one of the main iron ores, with the chemical formula Fe2+Fe3+2O4. It is one of the oxides of iron, and is ferrimagnetic; it is attracted to a magnet and can be magnetized to become a permanent magnet itself. With the exception of extremely rare native iron deposits, it is the most magnetic of all the naturally occurring minerals on Earth.  Naturally magnetized pieces of magnetite, called lodestone, will attract small pieces of iron, which is how ancient peoples first discovered the property of magnetism.

Magnetite is black or brownish-black with a metallic luster, has a Mohs hardness of 5–6 and leaves a black streak. Small grains of magnetite are very common in igneous and metamorphic rocks.

The chemical IUPAC name is iron(II,III) oxide and the common chemical name is ferrous-ferric oxide.
Jo Thomas
Jo Thomas (born 1972) is a composer, sound artist, producer, and performer of electronic music based in London. She works primarily with electronic sound, with a focus on fine detail and abstraction combining technological, biological and emotive thematic elements. Her work utilises a wide range of sound sources including field recordings, voice, glitch, and synthesised sounds from various sources, including her own self-built instruments.

She has released on record labels including Entr'acte, NMC and Holiday Records. Her work has been performed internationally, working with organisations in Italy, France, California, Brussels, Switzerland and Australia.

Thomas has performed alongside artists including Will Dutta, Lara Jones, Charles Hayward, Maria Chavez, Lee Gamble, Phill Niblock and Squarepusher. In 2012 she was awarded the Prix Ars Electronica Golden Nica prize in the category of Digital Musics and Sound for her work Crystal Sounds of a Synchrotron.

Maria Chavez
Maria Chavez is an improviser, curator and sound artist born 1980 in Lima, Peru. Her family moved to Texas when she was two years old. The following year doctors found and released liquid in her ears alleviating what had been a serious impediment to her speech and hearing. By age 16 she began working with sound and turntables. Her sound installations, visual objects and live turntable performances focus on the values of the accident and its unique, complicated possibilities with sound emitting machinery like the turntable. Influenced by improvisation in contemporary art, her work extends outside of the sound world to straddle varied disciplines of interest. The sound installations and live turntable performances of Maria Chavez focus on the paradox of time and the present moment, with many influences stemming from improvisation in contemporary art.
Michael Turner (actor)
Michael Turner (19 July 1921 — 14 July 2012) was a South African-born actor who appeared in numerous British films and television series from the early 1950s. These include Callan, Emergency Ward 10, The Avengers, Z-Cars, Doctor Who (in the serial The Wheel in Space), Van der Valk, Crown Court, Dixon of Dock Green, The New Avengers, Within These Walls, Angels, Cry Freedom, Boon, Pie in the Sky and The Bill. Arguably, his most well-known role was that of tycoon business man J. Henry Pollard in the long running ITV soap Crossroads, a part he played off-and-on from 1980–1984.

Crossroads (British TV series)
Crossroads (later known as Crossroads Motel and Crossroads King's Oak) is  a British television soap opera that ran on ITV over two periods – the original 1964 to 1988 run, followed by a short revival from 2001 to 2003. Set in a fictional motel (hotel in the revival) in the Midlands, Crossroads became a byword for low production values, particularly in the 1970s and early 1980s. Despite this, the series regularly attracted huge audiences during this time, with viewership numbers reaching as high as 15 million viewers.

It was created by Hazel Adair and Peter Ling, and produced by ATV (until the end of 1981) and then by ATV's successor, Central Independent Television until 1988 when it was axed. The series was revived by Carlton Television in 2001, but due to low ratings it was cancelled again in 2003.
Fort Boggy State Park
Fort Boggy State Park is a 1,847 acres (747 ha) state park located in Leon County, Texas, United States, between Leona and Centerville that opened in 2001. The park was donated to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department in 1985 by Eileen Crain Sullivan to be developed as a state park. The park is located near the original Fort Boggy site, a palisade fort built in 1840 by settlers to protect against local Indian predations. It was named Fort Boggy due to its close proximity to Boggy Creek.

Centerville, Texas
Centerville is a city in Leon County, in the U.S. state of Texas. The population was 905 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Leon County. Centerville was so named as it is near the geographic center of Leon County.
Fox River, Nova Scotia
Fox River is a rural community in Cumberland County, Nova Scotia.

Fox River is the birthplace of John Chipman (Chip) Kerr, who was awarded the Victoria Cross in World War I. He was one of only four Nova Scotians to be awarded the VC, which is presented for an act of conspicuous valour in the face of the enemy. His VC is held by the Canadian War Museum in Ottawa and his story is featured at the nearby Age of Sail Heritage Centre.

Age of Sail Heritage Centre
The Age of Sail Heritage Centre (also known as the Age of Sail Heritage Museum) is a museum and heritage centre at Port Greville, Nova Scotia, Canada. It focuses on the history of Parrsboro Shore communities along the Minas Channel of the Bay of Fundy with an emphasis on the area's shipbuilding and lumbering heritage.
Rail transport in Uruguay
The Uruguayan railway network has about 2900 km (1802 mi) of lines, all of 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) gauge, diesel traction with only 11 km (7 mi) of double track. Only half of the network is currently active. All the Uruguayan lines start from Montevideo, connecting the cities of Paysandú, Salto, Rivera and Río Branco. The rest of the lines (closed) connected the capital city with Fray Bentos, Cuareim, Artigas, Km. 329, Melo, La Paloma and Colonia del Sacramento.

Artigas, Uruguay
Artigas (Spanish pronunciation: [aɾ.ˈti.ɣas]) is the capital of the Artigas Department of Uruguay. It is named after the national hero, José Gervasio Artigas, who fought for the emancipation of the River Plate, and sought to create a federative nation from these colonies. As of 2023, it is the eleventh most populous city in the country with a population of 43,897.
Great Western Railway wagons
The fleet of Great Western Railway wagons was both large and varied as it carried the wide variety of goods traffic on the Great Western Railway (GWR) in the United Kingdom.  This was the railway company that operated for the longest period of time in the country (from 1838 to 1947) and covered a large geographical area that included big cities such as London, industrialised areas including the West Midlands, areas of coal and mineral mining such as South Wales, and Somerset and other important agricultural districts.  In 1902 the company owned 59,036 wagons, and by 1926 this had risen to 88,580.

The first wagons were just open boxes but covered vans were added from the 1860s and a wide range of special wagons were eventually built to handle many specialised traffics.  Towards the end of its existence these were all painted in a grey livery, but before that both black and red had been used at different times.

Vacuum brake
The vacuum brake is a braking system employed on trains and introduced in the mid-1860s. A variant, the automatic vacuum brake system, became almost universal in British train equipment and in countries influenced by British practice. Vacuum brakes also enjoyed a brief period of adoption in the United States, primarily on narrow-gauge railroads. Their limitations caused them to be progressively superseded by compressed air systems starting in the United Kingdom from the 1970s onward. The vacuum brake system is now obsolete; it is not in large-scale usage anywhere in the world, other than in South Africa, largely supplanted by air brakes.
George Goodwin Kilburne
George Goodwin Kilburne, R.I., R.O.I, R.M.S, (24 July 1839 – 1924 London) was an English genre painter specialising in accurately drawn interiors with figures. He favoured the watercolour medium, although he also worked in oils, pencil and initially trained as a wood-engraver.

Manchester Art Gallery
Manchester Art Gallery, formerly Manchester City Art Gallery, is a publicly owned art museum on Mosley Street in Manchester city centre, England. The main gallery premises were built for a learned society in 1823 and today its collection occupies three connected buildings, two of which were designed by Sir Charles Barry. Both of Barry's buildings are listed. The building that links them was designed by Hopkins Architects following an architectural design competition managed by RIBA Competitions. It opened in 2002 following a major renovation and expansion project undertaken by the art gallery.

Manchester Art Gallery is free to enter and open six days a week, closed Mondays. It houses many works of local and international significance and has a collection of more than 25,000 objects. More than half a million people visited the museum in the period of a year, according to figures released in April 2014.
Tobias Bjarneby
Tobias Bjarneby (born 30 March 1974 in Stockholm) is one of Sweden's most noted video game magazine writers. He was the editor in chief of Super POWER magazine (renamed Super Play in 1996) from 1993 to December 2004 and has also written for Aftonbladet. Earlier, he worked for Nintendomagasinet. Currently he is the editor in chief of Level. He has advocated for public acceptance of gaming as a fashionable lifestyle rather than a geek activity.

He also wrote and directed the indie video game 198X, which was released in June, 2019. 198X features a collection of retro arcade-style minigames inside a nostalgic coming of age narrative.

Geek
The word geek is a slang term originally used to describe eccentric or non-mainstream people; in current use, the word typically connotes an expert or enthusiast obsessed with a hobby or intellectual pursuit. In the past, it had a generally pejorative meaning of a "peculiar person, especially one who is perceived to be overly intellectual, unfashionable, boring, or socially awkward". In the 21st century, it was reclaimed and used by many people, especially members of some fandoms, as a positive term.

Some use the term self-referentially without malice or as a source of pride, often referring simply to "someone who is interested in a subject (usually intellectual or complex) for its own sake".
2024 Japan Women's Open – Singles
Suzan Lamens defeated Kimberly Birrell in the final, 6–0, 6–4 to win the singles title at the 2024 Japan Women's Open. It was her first WTA Tour title. This was the first WTA Tour final since the 2022 Copa Colsanitas and fifth in the tour's history to be contested by two qualifiers.

Ashlyn Krueger was the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Elina Avanesyan.

Eva Lys
Eva Lys (German pronunciation: [ˈeːfa ˈlyːs]; born 12 January 2002) is a Ukrainian-born German professional tennis player. Lys reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 39 on 5 January 2026. She has won 3 ITF singles titles.
Hadj Boudella
Hadj Boudella (born April 18, 1965) is a citizen of Bosnia who was wrongfully detained for over six years in the United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba.

He was born in Algeria, moved to Bosnia, married Nađa Dizdarević a Bosnian woman, and became a Bosnian citizen. Boudella, and five associates of his, who were also Algerian-born Bosnians were arrested by Bosnian authorities.  Local United States intelligence officials said they detected "chatter" that implicated the six in a conspiracy to bomb the US embassy in Bosnia.

He won his habeas corpus and US District Court Judge Richard J. Leon wrote that there was no evidence that Boudella intended to travel to Afghanistan to take up arms against US forces. Judge Leon declared Boudella's detention as unlawful and ordered his release in November 2008. He was released from Guantanamo and returned to his family in Bosnia on December 16, 2008.

Richard J. Leon
Richard J. Leon (born December 3, 1949) is an American jurist who serves as a senior United States district judge of the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. He was appointed in 2002 by President George W. Bush and assumed senior status in 2016.
Panasonic Lumix DMC-GM1
The Panasonic Lumix DMC-GM1 was announced October 2013, as Panasonic's "pocketable", Micro Four Thirds compact mirrorless interchangeable lens camera. It features the same sensor as the GX7, AF detection range of -4 - 18 EV, focus peaking mode, an electronic shutter with speeds ranging from 60 - 1/16,000 sec, and Wi-Fi connectivity.

Panasonic claims the camera is the smallest among interchangeable lens cameras.  It lacks some features found in competitors including a viewfinder, in-body image stabilization, a hotshoe, and NFC.

Panasonic
Panasonic Holdings Corporation is a Japanese multinational electronics manufacturer, headquartered in Kadoma, Osaka, Japan. It was founded in 1918 as Matsushita Electric Housewares Manufacturing Works in the Fukushima ward of Osaka by Kōnosuke Matsushita. The company was incorporated in 1935 and renamed Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., and changed its name to Panasonic Corporation in 2008. In 2022, it reorganized as a holding company and adopted its current name.

In addition to consumer electronics, for which it was the world's largest manufacturer in the late 20th century, Panasonic produces a wide range of products and services, including rechargeable batteries, automotive and avionic systems, industrial equipment, as well as home renovation and construction. The company is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 and TOPIX 100 indices, with a secondary listing on the Nagoya Stock Exchange.
Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Howrah
Narayana Superspeciality Hospital is a superspecialty hospital located in Howrah, West Bengal.  It is a unit of the Narayana Health group and treats patients from the cities of Howrah and Kolkata in West Bengal, India. Its sister hospital is Narayana Multispeciality Hospital, Howrah. The hospital, established by Dr. Devi Prasad Shetty, is a center for oncology and cardiac sciences in Eastern India. Its tertiary care services include cardiac surgery, neurology, neurosurgery, and orthopedics.

Devi Shetty
Devi Prasad Shetty (born 8 May 1953) is an Indian cardiac surgeon who is the chairman and founder of Narayana Health, a chain of 24 medical centers in India. He has performed more than 100,000 heart operations. In 2004 he was awarded the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award, followed by the Padma Bhushan in 2012, the third highest civilian award by the Government of India for his contribution to the field of affordable healthcare.
John Clarke Moore
John Clarke Moore (21 September 1872 – 18 May 1943) was a Conservative member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Saint-Chrysostome, Quebec and became a physician.

Moore attended school at Huntingdon, Quebec then studied at McGill University.

He was first elected to Parliament at the Châteauguay—Huntingdon riding in the 1930 general election. After serving his only term, the 17th Canadian Parliament, Moore was defeated by Donald Elmer Black of the Liberal party.

Huntingdon, Quebec
Huntingdon is a small town in Huntingdon County in the Haut-Saint-Laurent Regional County Municipality, and the Montérégie region of the province of Quebec, Canada. The population as of the 2021 Canadian census was 2,556. The town is 75 kilometres (47 mi) southwest of Montreal, and 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the border with New York State.
São Paulo Metro P stock
The São Paulo Metro P stock is a class of electric multiple units built by Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles between 2013 and 2014 to complement the rolling stock of Line 5-Lilac during the 11.5 km (7.1 mi) expansion between stations Largo Treze and Chácara Klabin. It was acquired by Companhia do Metropolitano de São Paulo and operated by it until 2018. Currently, it is operated by ViaMobilidade.

Besides being delivered in 2014, the trains only began operating in 2017, when the CBTC system was fully installed on the line.

Largo Treze (São Paulo Metro)
Largo Treze is a metro station on Line 5 (Lilac) of the São Paulo Metro in the Santo Amaro district of São Paulo, Brazil.
It was the terminus station of the line until February 12, 2014, when the Adolfo Pinheiro was inaugurated.
Soheir Bakhoum
Soheir Bakhoum, also Suhayr Salīm Bāẖūm (1 April 1947 – 19 June 2003) was an Egyptian-French numismatist, who specialised in Roman Alexandria. A festschrift dedicated to Bakhoum was published in 2008 and entitled Aegyptiaca serta in Soheir Bakhoum memoriam: mélanges de numismatique, d'iconographie et d'histoire.

Egypt–France relations
Egypt–France relations, also known as Egyptian–French relations, are the bilateral relations between Egypt and France. Relations between the two countries have spanned centuries, from the Middle Ages to the present day. Following the French occupation of Egypt (1798-1801), a strong French presence has remained in Egypt. Egyptian influence is also evident in France, in monuments such as the Luxor Obelisk in Paris. The relationship is also marked by conflicts like the Algerian War (1954-1962) and the Suez Crisis (1956). As of 2020, relations are strong and consist of shared cultural activities such as the France-Egypt Cultural Year (2019), tourism, diplomatic missions, trade, and a close political relationship. Institutions like the Institut d’Égypte, the French Institute in Egypt and the French University of Egypt (UFE) also aid in promoting cultural exchange between Egypt and France.
John Jamison Pearce
John Jamison Pearce (February 28, 1826 – May 26, 1912) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

John J. Pearce was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.  He completed preparatory studies and was ordained a minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church when eighteen years of age.  He joined the Baltimore Conference and served as pastor at Warriors Mark, Jersey Shore, and Lock Haven, Pennsylvania.

Pearce was elected as an Opposition Party candidate to the Thirty-fourth Congress.  He declined to be a candidate for reelection in 1856.  He served as a pastor in various localities until he retired to Lock Haven in 1888.  He moved to Conneaut, Ohio, where he died in 1912.  Interment in Highland Cemetery in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania.

Conneaut, Ohio
Conneaut (/ˈkɒniɔːt/ KON-ee-awt) is a city in Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. It is settled along Lake Erie at the mouth of Conneaut Creek, 66 miles (106 km) northeast of Cleveland, and is the northernmost city in Ohio. The population was 12,318 at the 2020 census. Conneaut is part of the Cleveland metropolitan area.