hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bartolomeo Bulgarini
Bartolomeo Bulgarini (c. 1300-1310 – 1378), also known as Bulgarino or Bologhini, was an Italian painter of the Trecento period in Siena both before and after the Black Death.

Bulgarini's name came into prominence in January 2021, when Portrait of a Young Man holding a Roundel by Botticelli was sold at Sotheby's for a record 80 million dollars (over 92 million after fees and commission). The roundel has an inset original painting of a bearded man (probably a saint), attributed to Bulgarini.

Trecento
The Trecento (/treɪˈtʃɛntoʊ/ tray-CHEN-toh, US also /trɛˈ-/ treh-, Italian: [treˈtʃɛnto]; short for milletrecento, "1300") refers to the 14th century in Italian cultural history. The Trecento is considered to be the beginning of the Italian Renaissance or at least the Proto-Renaissance in art history. The Trecento was also famous as a time of heightened literary activity, with writers working in the vernacular instead of Latin. In music, the Trecento was a time of vigorous activity in Italy, as it was in France, with which there was a frequent interchange of musicians and influences.
Tuulos
Tuulos (Swedish: Tuulos, also Tulois) is a former municipality of Finland. It was consolidated with Hämeenlinna on January 1, 2009. The administrative center of Tuulos was Syrjäntaka.

Neighbouring municipalities were Hauho, Hämeenlinna, Janakkala and Lammi.

It was located in the former province of Southern Finland and is part of the Kanta-Häme region. The municipality had a population of 1,536 (2003) and covered an area of 171.24 km² of which 13.14 km² is water. The population density is 9.7 inhabitants per km². The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

Janakkala
Janakkala (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈjɑnɑkːɑlɑ]) is a municipality of Finland. Its administrative centre is in Turenki. Janakkala is located along Highway 3 (E12) in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the Kanta-Häme region. To the south, Janakkala shares a boundary with Riihimäki, the northern neighbour being Hämeenlinna. It is 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) from Turenki to Hämeenlinna, 94 kilometres (58 mi) to Tampere, and 96 kilometres (60 mi) to Helsinki.

The municipality has a population of 15,995 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 586.07 square kilometres (226.28 sq mi) of which 38.63 km2 (14.92 sq mi) is water. The population density is 29.22 inhabitants per square kilometre (75.7/sq mi). In Janakkala the rate of unemployment is 9.7% and the rate of municipal taxes is %. The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
Ashim Ahluwalia
Ashim Ahluwalia (born 1972 in Mumbai, India) is a film director and screenwriter. He made his directorial debut with the feature-length documentary John & Jane (2005), which had a world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival and a European premiere at the Berlin International Film Festival, and won him the 2005 National Film Award for Best First Non-Feature Film of a Director. This was followed by his first narrative feature film Miss Lovely, premiered at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival. which won him India's National Film Award – Special Jury Award (Feature film), and Best Production Design at the 61st National Film Awards.

Working outside the mainstream Bollywood film system, Ashim Ahluwalia is part of a new generation of Indian directors.
His unconventional films blur the lines between documentary and fiction. His short films have shown at the Tate Modern, the Centre Pompidou and at the Venice Architecture Biennale.

61st National Film Awards
The 61st National Film Awards ceremony was an event during which the Directorate of Film Festivals of India presented its annual National Film Awards to honour the best films of 2013 in the Indian cinema. The ceremony was held on 3 May 2014.
Players Tour Championship 2011/2012 – Event 1
The Players Tour Championship 2011/2012 – Event 1 was a professional minor-ranking snooker tournament that took place between 18 and 22 June 2011 at the World Snooker Academy in Sheffield, England.

Ronnie O'Sullivan won his first title carrying ranking points since the 2009 Shanghai Masters 21 months earlier by defeating Joe Perry 4–0 in the final.

2009 Shanghai Masters
The 2009 Roewe Shanghai Masters was a professional ranking snooker tournament that took place between 7–13 September 2009 at the Shanghai Grand Stage in Shanghai, China. It was the third edition of the tournament since it was first held in 2007.

Ronnie O'Sullivan won in the final 10–5 against Liang Wenbo.
Elkonin boxes
Elkonin boxes are an instructional method used in the early elementary grades especially in children with reading difficulties and inadequate responders in order to build phonemic awareness by segmenting words into individual sounds. They are named after D.B. Elkonin, the Russian psychologist who pioneered their use. The "boxes" are squares drawn on a piece of paper or a chalkboard, with one box for each sound or phoneme. To use Elkonin boxes, a child listens to a word and moves a token into a box for each sound or phoneme. In some cases different colored tokens may be used for consonants and vowels or just for each phoneme in the word.

Vowel
A vowel (/ˈvaʊ.əl/) is a speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract. Vowels are one of the two principal classes of speech sounds, the other being the consonant. Vowels vary in quality, loudness, and length. They are usually voiced and are closely involved in prosodic variation such as tone, intonation and stress. The nucleus, or "center", of a syllable typically consists of a vowel sound (though this is not always the case).

The word vowel comes from the Latin word vocalis, meaning "vocal" (i.e. relating to the voice). 
In English, the word vowel is commonly used to refer both to vowel sounds and to the written symbols that represent them: ⟨a⟩, ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, ⟨o⟩, ⟨u⟩, and sometimes ⟨y⟩, and ⟨w⟩.
Hie temple ruins
Hie temple ruins (比江廃寺跡, Hie haiji ato) is an archeological site  with the ruins of a Hakuhō period Buddhist temple located in the Hie neighborhood of what is now the city of Nankoku, Kōchi, Japan. The foundations of its pagoda were designated as a National Historic Site in 1934, with the area under protection extended in 1982.

Buddhist temples in Japan
Buddhist temples or monasteries are (along with Shinto shrines) the most numerous, famous, and important religious buildings in Japan. The shogunates or leaders of Japan have made it a priority to update and rebuild Buddhist temples since the Momoyama period (late 16th century). The Japanese word for a Buddhist monastery is tera (寺) (kun reading), and the same kanji also has the pronunciation ji (on reading), so temple names frequently end in -dera (voiced) or -ji. Another ending, -in (院), is normally used to refer to minor temples. Examples of temple names that have these suffixes are Kiyomizu-dera, Enryaku-ji and Kōtoku-in.
Gulpener
50°48′52″N 5°53′26″E﻿ / ﻿50.81444°N 5.89056°E﻿ / 50.81444; 5.89056

Gulpener Bierbrouwerij BV is an independent Dutch brewery in Gulpen, Netherlands. The brewery was founded in 1825 by Laurens Smeets.

Gulpener makes a lager sold in the Netherlands. Ingredients, such as barley and hops, are sourced from local farmers. These farmers produce their products in ecologically friendly ways.

Pilsner
Pilsner (also pilsener or simply pils) is a type of pale lager. It takes its name from the Bohemian city of Plzeň (German: Pilsen), where the world's first pale lager (now known as Pilsner Urquell) was produced in 1842 by Pilsner Urquell Brewery.
Wynyard County
Wynyard County is one of the 141 cadastral divisions of New South Wales. It contains the city of Wagga Wagga. The Murrumbidgee River lies on the northern edge of the county, and the Tumut River on the eastern edge.

Wynyard County was named in honour of Major-General Robert Henry Wynyard (1802–1864).

Robert Wynyard
Major General Robert Henry Wynyard CB (24 December 1802 – 6 January 1864) was a British Army officer and New Zealand colonial administrator, serving at various times as Lieutenant Governor of New Ulster Province, Administrator of the Government, and was the first Superintendent of Auckland Province.
Dortmund–Ems Canal
The Dortmund–Ems Canal is a 269-kilometre (167 mi) long canal in Germany between the inland port of the city of Dortmund (51°31′30″N 7°26′40″E﻿ / ﻿51.52500°N 7.44444°E﻿ / 51.52500; 7.44444) and the seaport of Emden. The artificial southern part of the canal ends after 215 kilometres (134 mi) at Herbrum lock near Meppen. The route then takes the river Ems for 45 kilometres (28 mi) to Oldersum lock. From there, the canal continues along a second artificial segment of 9 kilometres (6 mi). This latter section was built because inland ships at the time of the construction of the canal were not built for the open sea, which they would have faced at the Dollart and the entry to the sea port of Emden. It is connected to the Ems-Jade Canal from Emden to Wilhelmshaven.

Wilhelmshaven
Wilhelmshaven (German pronunciation: [ˌvɪlhɛlmsˈhaːfn̩] ⓘ, lit. 'Wilhelm's Harbour'; Northern Low Saxon: Willemshaven) is a coastal town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the western side of the Jade Bight, a bay of the North Sea, and has a population of 76,089. Wilhelmshaven is the centre of the "Jade Buse" business region (which has around 330,000 inhabitants) and is Germany's main military port.

The adjacent Lower Saxony Wadden Sea National Park (part of the Wattenmeer UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site) provides the basis for the major tourism industry in the region.
Zaton neighbourhood
Zaton neighbourhood is a neighbourhood of the city of Ufa, capital of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is bordered by the Belaya River on the east and Volga Highway on the north and Milovka village on the south conditional. It is a residential area, containing the park, the Zaton TEC-combined heat and power plant, ship-repair plant. The population of the district is approximately 50000 people. Inors is also a former the Kirzhackij or Starickij Zaton village.

Zaton neighbourhood is connected by Zaton bridge with the rest of Ufa. Zaton neighbourhood will have been connected by Ufa Eastern Toll Road with the Ural highway, and by that fact with all Ural.

Belaya (Kama)
The Belaya (/ˈbɛlaɪə/ BEL-y-ə) is a river in Bashkortostan, Russia. Its source lies in the south-western Ural Mountains.

It is 1,430 kilometres (890 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 142,000 square kilometres (55,000 sq mi).

Settlements along the Belaya include Beloretsk, Sterlitamak, Ufa (at the confluence with the river Ufa), and Birsk. The Belaya flows into the Kama near Neftekamsk.
Canon lourd de 12 Gribeauval
The Canon lourd de 12 Gribeauval (Gribeauval heavy 12-pounder cannon) was a French cannon and part of the Gribeauval system developed by Jean Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval. It was part of the siege artillery.

The canon lourd de 12 Gribeauval was used extensively during the wars following the French Revolution, as well as the Napoleonic Wars.

Some of the earlier Gribeauval siege guns kept the baroque "dolphin" design for the handles.

Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval
Lieutenant General Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ batist vakɛt də ɡʁiboval]; 15 September 1715 – 9 May 1789) was a French artillery officer and engineer who revolutionised the French cannon, creating a new production system that allowed for lighter, more uniform guns without sacrificing range. 
His Gribeauval system superseded the de Vallière system. These guns proved essential to French military victories during the Napoleonic Wars. Gribeauval is credited as the earliest known advocate for the interchangeability of gun parts. He is thus one of the principal influences on the later development (over many decades by many people) of interchangeable manufacture.
Alexander Kittson
Alexander Kittson (February 26, 1853 – April 27, 1883) was a political figure in Manitoba. He represented Ste. Agathe from 1879 to 1883 in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba as a Liberal-Conservative.

He was born in North Pembina, Rupert's Land, the son of Norman Kittson and Elise Marion, and was educated at St. Boniface College. In 1875, he married Elise Gingras. Kittson died in office of smallpox at St. Boniface.

His daughter Annie Jane married Horace Chevrier.

His former home in St. Boniface, known as the Maison Kittson, is recognized as a heritage landmark by the city of Winnipeg.

Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba
The Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba (PC; French: Parti progressiste-conservateur du Manitoba) is a centre-right political party in Manitoba, Canada. It is currently the opposition party in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, following a defeat in the 2023 provincial election.
Francisco Estrada
Francisco "Paquín" Estrada Soto (February 12, 1948 – December 9, 2019) was a Mexican Major League Baseball player for the New York Mets. Estrada, a catcher, appeared in one game for the Mets in 1971. Estrada was at the time of his death the manager of the Chihuahua Dorados in the Mexican League (Summer), and catcher's coach with Culiacán Tomateros in the Mexican Pacific League (Winter). In 2006, he served as the manager of the Mexico national baseball team for the World Baseball Classic.

Mexico national baseball team
The Mexico national baseball team (Spanish: Selección de béisbol de México), it is also known in Spanish by the nickname Novena Mexicana (English: Mexican Nonet), is the baseball team that represents Mexico in international tournaments. It is currently the 4th-ranked baseball team in the world.

Team Mexico will compete in the 2026 World Baseball Classic in March 2026.
Marco Marinangeli
Marco Marinangeli is a Grammy-nominated Italian composer, songwriter, arranger, orchestrator and producer. He is the president of Magelic Productions, Inc., in Hollywood. He is a writer and producer of Josh Groban, Donna Summer, Plácido Domingo, The Tenors, The Cheetah Girls, China Anne McClain, Dove Cameron, Lucas Grabeel, Monique Coleman, Peter Frampton, Taylor Dayne, Kathie Lee Gifford, Myra, Olga Tañon, Miley Cyrus aka Hannah Montana, Hilary Duff, Solas, The Chieftains, Larry Carlton and George Perris. He has collaborated with David Foster, Humberto Gatica, William Ross (composer), Jeremy Lubbock, Luis Bacalov, Jorge Calandrelli and Lalo Schifrin.

Jorge Calandrelli
Jorge Calandrelli is an Argentine composer, arranger and conductor known for his work with Barbra Streisand, Celine Dion, Arturo Sandoval, Yo-Yo Ma, Tony Bennett, Elton John, Lady Gaga and John Legend. He has won 6 Grammy Awards and has received 28 nominations. He won the Latin Grammy Award for Producer of the Year and Best Instrumental Album for his work on A Time for Love by Arturo Sandoval in 2010.

Calandrelli has been nominated twice for an Academy Award for his work on The Color Purple and Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon.
State Reform School for Boys
The State Reform School for Boys was a state-run juvenile reformatory in Westborough, Massachusetts that operated from 1848 to 1884. Established by the Commonwealth, it was the first publicly funded reform school in the United States and a program intended to rehabilitate juvenile offenders through education, labor, and discipline.

The school originally ran as a large, centralized institution, but later tried other approaches, including small cottage-style residences and a seafaring training program. Its history was marked by expansion, overcrowding, and public controversy, leading to legislative investigations. In 1884, it was closed and reorganized as the Lyman School for Boys, and its buildings were converted for use as the Westborough State Hospital.

Seamanship
Seamanship is the art, competence, and knowledge of operating a ship, boat or other craft on water. The Oxford Dictionary states that seamanship is "The skill, techniques, or practice of handling a ship or boat at sea."

It involves topics and development of specialised skills, including navigation and international maritime law and regulatory knowledge; weather, meteorology and forecasting; watchkeeping; ship-handling and small boat handling; operation of deck equipment, anchors and cables; ropework and line handling; communications; sailing; engines; execution of evolutions such as towing; cargo handling equipment, dangerous cargoes and cargo storage; dealing with emergencies; survival at sea and search and rescue; and fire fighting.

The degree of knowledge needed within these areas is dependent upon the nature of the work and the type of vessel employed by a seafarer.
Michael Kleeberg
Michael Kleeberg (born 24 August 1959 in Stuttgart), is a German writer and translator. He studied political science and modern history at the University of Hamburg and visual communication at the Kunsthochschule Hamburg. He lived in Rome, Berlin, Amsterdam and Paris in the 1980s and 1990s. Since 2000 he lives in Berlin as a full-time writer and translator from English and French.

University of Hamburg
The University of Hamburg (German: Universität Hamburg, also referred to as UHH) is a public research university in Hamburg, Germany. It was founded on 28 March 1919 by combining the previous General Lecture System (Allgemeines Vorlesungswesen), the Hamburg Colonial Institute (Hamburgisches Kolonialinstitut), and the Academic College (Akademisches Gymnasium). The main campus is located in the central district of Rotherbaum, with affiliated institutes and research centres distributed around the city-state. Seven Nobel Prize winners and one Wolf Prize winner are affiliated with UHH.
Bank of Korea
The Bank of Korea (BOK; Korean: 한국은행) is the central bank of South Korea and issuer of South Korean won. It was established on 12 June 1950 in Seoul, South Korea.

The bank's primary purpose is price stability. For that, the bank targets inflation. The 2016–18 target is consumer price inflation of 2.0%.

Real-time gross settlement
Real-time gross settlement (RTGS) systems are specialist funds transfer systems where the transfer of money or securities takes place from one bank to any other bank on a "real-time" and on a "gross" basis to avoid settlement risk. Settlement in "real time" means a payment transaction is not subjected to any waiting period, with transactions being settled as soon as they are processed. However, real time does not necessarily mean immediately or instantly and can be subject to processing (e.g., wire transfers via FedWire are real time but can take hours in some cases while the issuing or reviewing bank’s wire room reviews or processes it, if necessary). "Gross settlement" means the transaction is settled on a one-to-one basis, without bundling or netting with any other transaction. "Settlement" means that once processed, payments are final and irrevocable.
2014 Internazionali di Tennis Castel del Monte – Doubles
Philipp Oswald and Andreas Siljeström were the defending champions, but Oswald did not participate that year, and Siljeström played alongside Roman Jebavý, but they lost in the final to Patrick Grigoriu and Costin Pavăl, 6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–4), [5–10].

Philipp Oswald
Philipp Oswald (German pronunciation: [ˈfiːlɪp ˈʔɔsvalt]; born 23 January 1986) is an Austrian former professional tennis player who primarily played doubles events on the ATP Tour. On 7 December 2009, he reached his highest ATP singles ranking of world No. 206, and his highest doubles ranking of No. 31 was reached on 21 June 2021. In 2021, he participated in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics partnering with Oliver Marach.

In July 2024, Oswald retired from professional tennis and made his final appearance at the 2024 Generali Open Kitzbühel.
Möbius–Kantor graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the Möbius–Kantor graph is a symmetric bipartite cubic graph with 16 vertices and 24 edges named after August Ferdinand Möbius and Seligmann Kantor. It can be defined as the generalized Petersen graph G(8,3): that is, it is formed by the vertices of an octagon, connected to the vertices of an eight-point star in which each point of the star is connected to the points three steps away from it (an octagram).

Cayley graph
In mathematics, a Cayley graph, also known as a Cayley color graph, Cayley diagram, group diagram, or color group, is a graph that encodes the abstract structure of a group. Its definition is suggested by Cayley's theorem (named after Arthur Cayley), and uses a specified set of generators for the group. It is a central tool in combinatorial and geometric group theory. The structure and symmetry of Cayley graphs make them particularly good candidates for constructing expander graphs.
Marc Vallendar
Marc Vallendar (born 28 June 1986 in Münster) is a German politician serving as a member of the Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin since 2016. He has been a member of the Alternative for Germany since 2013, and was a member of the Free Democratic Party from 2007 to 2013.

Berlin House of Representatives
The Berlin House of Representatives (German: Abgeordnetenhaus (German: [ˈʔapɡəʔɔʁdnətn̩ˌhaʊs] ⓘ) is the state parliament (Landtag) of Berlin, Germany according to the city-state's constitution. In 1993, the parliament moved from Rathaus Schöneberg to its present house on Niederkirchnerstraße in Mitte, which from 1899 until 1934 was the seat of the Prussian House of Representatives. The current president of the parliament is Cornelia Seibeld (CDU).
Carolina Caycedo
Carolina Caycedo (born 1978, in London, United Kingdom) is a multimedia artist based in Los Angeles.

Born to Colombian parents, Caycedo's art practice is based on environmental research focusing on the future of shared resources, environmental justice, energy transition and cultural biodiversity. Through contributing to community-based construction of environmental and historical memory, Caycedo seeks the ways of preventing violence against humans and nature.

Her work has been shown in museums around the world, including in a number of international biennales, such as the 2019 Chicago Architecture Biennial, 2018 Hammer Museum “Made in L.A.” biennial, 2016 São Paulo Art Biennial, 2010 Pontevedra Biennial, 2009 Havana Biennial, 2009 San Juan Poligraphic Triennial, 2006 Whitney Biennial, and 2003 Venice Biennale.

Havana Biennial
The Bienal de La Habana was a traditional Latin, Caribbean event, originated in Havana, Cuba, that aims to raise awareness to promote contemporary art and giving priority to Latin-American and Caribbean artists.

The event was founded in 1984. It takes place in Havana (Cuba) every two years. It principally aims at promoting the developing world in contemporary art circles, giving priority to Latin American and Caribbean artists, although artists from all over the world submit works.

Since its first edition in 1984, the Biennial event has had central themes, among them tradition and contemporary times, challenges, art, society and reflection, man and memory, life with art and urban life. Works emphasize mainly paintings and other two-dimensional displays, using a variety of techniques.
Wang Quan
Wang Quan is the name of:

Wang Quan (footballer) (born 1989), Chinese association footballer

Wang Quan (handballer) (born 1992), Chinese handballer

Wang Quan (politician, born 1960), a Chinese politician.

Wang Quan (handballer)
Wang Quan (born 21 November 1992) is a Chinese international handballer, who plays as goalkeeper for Croatian club RK Zagreb.

As an international for China men's national handball team he has competed at the 2010 and 2014 Asian Games, and at the 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018 Asian Championship