hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jekerkwartier
The Jekerkwartier (Dutch: [ˈjeːkərkʋɑrˌtiːr]; Limburgish: Jekerkerteer [ˈjeːkəʀkəʀˌteːʀ]) is a neighbourhood in the old city centre of Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands. It is named after the Jeker river that flows through the neighbourhood into the Meuse.

Meuse
The Meuse or Maas is a major European river, rising in France and flowing through Belgium and the Netherlands before draining into the North Sea from the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta. It has a total length of 925 km (575 miles).
EndPoverty.org
endPoverty.org is a faith-based 501(c)(3) non-profit organization whose mission is to empower the working poor in developing countries to lift themselves out of poverty. It accomplishes this by providing small loans and technical assistance through a network of locally led partner organizations in 12 countries to equip families living in poverty to improve their own lives.

Working poor
The working poor are working people whose incomes fall below a given poverty line due to low-income jobs and low familial household income. These are people who spend at least 27 weeks in a year working or looking for employment, but remain under the poverty threshold.

In the United States, the official measurement of the working poor is controversial. Many social scientists argue that the official measurements used do not provide a comprehensive overview of the number of working poor. One recent study proposed over 100 ways to measure this and came up with a figure that ranged between 2% and 19% of the total United States population.
Raje Ambrishrao Raje Satyawan Rao Atram
Ambrishrao Satyavanrao Atram (born 15 October 1985) is a member of the 13th Maharashtra Legislative Assembly. He represents the Aheri Assembly Constituency, in the Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra. He belongs to the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was the State Minister of Tribal Development, Forests & Gadchiroli Guardian minister for Maharashtra State Government

Aheri Assembly constituency
Aheri Assembly constituency is one of the 288 Vidhan Sabha (legislative assembly) constituencies of Maharashtra state, western India. This constituency is located in Gadchiroli district. The delimitation of the constituency happened in 2008.
People's Voice Party
The People's Voice Party (Turkish Halkın Sesi Partisi, abbreviated HSP but using the self-styled abbreviation HAS PARTİ, which literally means "PURE PARTY") was a religious conservative political party in Turkey. It was founded on 1 November 2010 by Numan Kurtulmuş and dissolved on 19 September 2012.

In September 2012, after less than two years, an extraordinary party congress decided to dissolve the party and join the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP). In July 2012, following long-held speculation that Numan Kurtulmuş was on Prime Minister Erdoğan’s mind as his possible successor as party head, Erdoğan personally proposed to Kurtulmuş the idea of merging the parties under the umbrella of the AKP.

Prime Minister of Turkey
The prime minister of Turkey, officially the prime minister of the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Başbakanı), was the head of government of the Republic of Turkey from 1920 to 2018, who led a political coalition in the Turkish Parliament and presided over the cabinet. Throughout the political history of Turkey, functions and powers of the post have changed occasionally. Prior to its dissolution as a result of the 2017 Constitutional Referendum, the holder of the premiership was generally the dominant figure in Turkish politics, outweighing the president.
Shah Abbasi Caravansarai, Nishapur
The Shah Abbasi Caravansarai of Nishapur (Persian: کاروانسرای شاه‌عباسی) is a Safavid era caravanserai located in central Nishapur. This caravanserai was built by the orders of the Safavid Shah, Abbas the Great. Listed as a national heritage of Iran with the registration number 1230, it is now a tourist attraction and houses several handicraft shops and two museums.

Shah
Shāh (/ʃɑː/; Persian: شاه [ˈʃaːɦ] ⓘ) is a royal title meaning 'king' in Persian. Though chiefly associated with the monarchs of Iran, it was also used to refer to the leaders of numerous Persianate societies, such as the Ottoman Empire, the Khanate of Bukhara and the Emirate of Bukhara, the Mughal Empire, the Bengal Sultanate, and various Afghan dynasties, as well as among Gurkhas. With regard to Iranian history, in particular, each ruling monarch was not seen simply as the head of the concurrent dynasty and state, but as the successor to a long line of royalty beginning with the original Persian Empire of Cyrus the Great. To this end, he was more emphatically known as the Shāhanshāh (شاهنشاه, šāhanšāh, 'king of kings' [ˌʃaːhanˈʃaːɦ]), since the Achaemenid dynasty. A roughly equivalent title is Pādishāh (پادشاه, pādišāh, pādšāh, 'master king'), which was most widespread during the Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent.
Andriy Kononenko
Andriy Kononenko (Ukrainian: Андрій Вікторович Кононенко; born 7 March 1974) is a Ukrainian professional football manager and former player, most recently in charge of Polish club Zawisza Bydgoszcz's reserve team.

Zawisza Bydgoszcz
Zawisza Bydgoszcz (Polish pronunciation: [zaˈviʂa ˈbɨdɡɔʂt͡ʂ]) is a sports club from Bydgoszcz, Poland, founded in 1946. Its name commemorates a legendary Polish 15th-century knight, Zawisza Czarny (Zawisza the Black). The club holds many sections: football, track and field athletics, boxing, rowing, canoeing, weightlifting, gymnastics, shooting, and parachuting ones.

Their football team currently competes in group II of the III liga, the fourth tier of national football league system.
Özkök
Özkök is a Turkish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ertuğrul Özkök (born 1947), Turkish journalist

Hilmi Özkök (born 1940), Turkish general

İpek Özkök (born 1982), Turkish actress and model

Ertuğrul Özkök
Ertuğrul Özkök (born 8 April 1947) is a Turkish journalist and a daily columnist. Between 1990 and 2010, he was the editor-in-chief for Hürriyet, a daily newspaper published in Turkish in Turkey and some European countries. Özkök is known for advocating modernization of Turkey, globalization, women's rights and Turkey's European Union accession. He is also known for his strong relationships with Turkey's and Europe's top politicians, journalists and business people.
Altmühl Valley Nature Park
The Altmühl Valley Nature Park (German: Naturpark Altmühltal) is a nature park, 2,962 km2 in area, in the south German state of Bavaria. The area of the park is almost coextensive with that of the natural region major unit of the Southern Franconian Jura (Südliche Frankenalb). It lies immediately north of the city of Ingolstadt on the River Danube and is divided into a southern and northern Altmühl Valley.

Nature park
A nature park, or sometimes natural park, is a designation for a protected area by means of long-term land planning, sustainable resource management and limitation of agricultural and real estate developments. These valuable landscapes are preserved in their present ecological state and promoted for ecotourism purposes.

In most countries nature parks are subject to legally regulated protection, which is part of their conservation laws.

In terms of level of protection, a category "Nature Park" is not the same as a "National Park", which is defined by the IUCN and its World Commission on Protected Areas as a category II protected area. 
A "Nature Park" designation, depending on local specifics, falls between category III and category VI according to IUCN categorization, in most cases closer to category VI.
However some nature parks have later been turned into national parks.
Audrey Briggs
Audrey Briggs (née Brown, born 31 January 1945) is a Welsh amateur golfer. She won the Welsh Ladies' Amateur Championship four times in five years from 1970 to 1974. She represented Great Britain & Ireland in the Vagliano Trophy in 1971 and 1973.

European Ladies' Team Championship
The European Ladies' Team Championship is a European amateur team golf championship for women organised by the European Golf Association. The inaugural event was held in 1959.

It was played in odd-numbered years from 1959 to 2007 and has been played annually since 2008 (with the exception of 2012).
Warwick Gould
Warwick Leslie Gould, FRSL, FSA, FRSA,  (7 April 1947 – 25 December 2025) was an Australian-born British literary scholar born in Sydney. He specialized in the Irish Literary Revival, particularly in the writings of W. B. Yeats, and in Textual Transmission studies and the History of the Book. Having studied at the University of Queensland, he joined Royal Holloway and Bedford New College in 1973 as a Lecturer in English Language and Literature. He became Professor of English Literature of the University of London (1994–2013) and was the Founding Director of the Institute of English Studies in the university's School of Advanced Study (1999–2013). He continued as Professor Emeritus since his retirement in 2013 and was a Senior Research Fellow of the institute. Gould died on 25 December 2025, at the age of 78.

Institute of English Studies
The Institute of English Studies (abbreviated as IES) is a centre of excellence in the research, promotion and facilitation in the field English Literature and Language.  With a specialisation in book history, palaeography and textual scholarship, the IES facilitates the advanced study and research of English Studies in the national and international academic community.  The institute, located in Senate House, London, is one of the nine institutes that together comprise the School of Advanced Study, University of London.
Jack Nolan
Jack Nolan is the name of:

Jack Nolan (actor), Irish actor

Jack Nolan (Australian footballer) (1902–1971), Australian rules footballer

Jack Nolan (English footballer) (born 2001), English footballer

Jack Nolan (Australian footballer)
Jack Nolan (14 May 1902 – 28 October 1971) was an  Australian rules footballer who played with North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Nolan was born in Wangaratta and educated at the Wangaratta High School and went onto be a teacher at the Leongatha High School between 1925 and 1928.

Nolan was recruited to North Melbourne from Leongatha in 1926.

Nolan was a brother of VFL players, Clarrie and Leo. Nolan along with his brothers, established Nolan Brothers Sports Stores in Albury, Leeton and Wangaratta, which became one of the largest inland sports depots in Australia.

Jack returned to the North East of Victoria and later played with West Albury.

Nolan later became President of the Albury Athletic Club in the 1940s.
Louis de Saussure
Louis de Saussure is a Swiss linguist and academic. He is a full professor of general linguistics and discourse analysis at the University of Neuchâtel, where he has held the chair since 2007. His research focuses on semantics, linguistic pragmatics, discourse analysis, and the cognitive foundations of communication. He is a member of the Academia Europaea.

Academia Europaea
The Academia Europaea is a pan-European Academy of humanities, letters, law, and sciences.
The Academia was founded in 1988 as a functioning Europe-wide Academy that encompasses all fields of scholarly inquiry. It acts as co-ordinator of European interests in national research agencies.
Franz Wagner
Franz Jacob Wagner (born 27 August 2001) is a German professional basketball player for the Orlando Magic of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the Michigan Wolverines.

Wagner, a native of Berlin, started his career with Basketball Bundesliga (BBL) club Alba Berlin. In 2019, he was named BBL Best German Young Player. Wagner has played for the German youth national teams, winning a gold medal at the 2018 Albert Schweitzer Tournament.

His older brother Moritz Wagner, a former Michigan standout, also plays for the Orlando Magic.

FIBA Basketball World Cup All-Tournament Team
The FIBA Basketball World Cup All-Tournament Team is an award, that is given by FIBA, to the five best players of the FIBA Basketball World Cup. The 2023 tournament marked the first time an All-Second Team was selected.

Oscar Schmidt and Wlamir Marques of Brazil have the most All-Tournament team awards with three each.
1970 Formula Ford National Series
The 1970 Formula Ford National  Series was an Australian motor racing competition open to Formula Ford racing cars. It was the first annual Australian series for Formula Fords.

The series was won by Richard Knight driving an Elfin 600.

Australian Formula Ford Championship
The Australian Formula Ford Championship is an Australian motor racing competition for drivers of Formula Ford racing cars, held annually since 1970. From 1970 until 1992 it was a national series and from 1993 until 2013 the series was sanctioned by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport as the Australian Formula Ford Championship. From 2014 to 2018 it reverted to national series status. The Australian Formula Ford Championship name was then applied to the series by the Formula Ford Association from 2019.

Australian Formula Ford is renowned for producing future champions in other categories with many V8 Supercar drivers and Australian international open-wheeler drivers having had a background in the category.
President's Bodyguard (Pakistan)
The President's Bodyguard is an elite cavalry regiment of the Pakistan Army. The primary role of the regiment is to escort and protect the President of Pakistan. The regiment is based at the Aiwan-e-Sadr in Islamabad, Pakistan. It is equipped as a mounted unit, with horses for ceremonies at the presidential palace.

Aiwan-e-Sadr
The Aiwan-e-Sadr  (Urdu: ایوانِ صدر, lit. 'President's Palace') is the official residence and workplace of the president of Pakistan. It is situated in the Red Zone in Islamabad on the Constitution Avenue, between the Parliament House and the Pakistan Secretariat.

Residences for the presidential staff, known as the President's Colony, are also located behind the presidency, adjacent to 4th Avenue.

The administrative head of Aiwan-e-Sadr is the principal secretary to the president of Pakistan, a position being held by Inamullah Dharejo since September 2025.
Court of Conciliation and Arbitration
The Court of Conciliation and Arbitration (CCA) is an institution of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), which provides "mechanism for the peaceful settlement of disputes between States". The Court, originally established in 1992 under the Ministerial Council's decision on Peaceful Settlement of Disputes: "Convention on Conciliation and Arbitration within the CSCE" adopted in Stockholm, Sweden.

Controversy
Controversy (UK: /kənˈtrɒvəsi/, US: /ˈkɒntrəvɜːrsi/) is a state of prolonged public dispute or debate, usually concerning a matter of conflicting opinion or point of view. The word was coined from the Latin controversia, as a composite of controversus – "turned in an opposite direction", and also means an exercise in rhetoric practiced in Rome.
Métropole du Grand Nancy
Métropole du Grand Nancy (French pronunciation: [metʁɔpɔl dy ɡʁɑ̃ nɑ̃si]) is the métropole, an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Nancy. It is located in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department, in the Grand Est region, northeastern France. It was created in July 2016, replacing the previous Communauté urbaine du Grand Nancy. Its area is 142.3 km2. Its population was 257,431 in 2018, of which 104,885 in Nancy proper.

Meurthe-et-Moselle
Meurthe-et-Moselle (French pronunciation: [mœʁt e mɔzɛl] ⓘ, lit. 'Meurthe and Moselle') is a department in the Grand Est region of France, named after the rivers Meurthe and Moselle. Its prefecture and largest city is Nancy and it borders the departments of Meuse to the west, Vosges to the south, Moselle and Bas-Rhin and it borders the Belgian province of Luxembourg and the country of Luxembourg by the canton of Esch-sur-Alzette to the north. It had a population of 733,760 in 2019.
Oini
Oini (Maithili: ओइनी) is a village in the Pusa block of the Samastipur district in Mithila region of Bihar, India. It is an important village in the history of the Mithila region in the Indian subcontinent. It was the origin village of the Oiniwar Dynasty in the ancient Mithila Kingdom. The historical village is presently known as Waini. It was established as the capital of the Oiniwar Dynasty by the first King Oini Thakur of the dynasty in the Mithila Kingdom.

Maithili language
Maithili (Tirhuta: 𑒧𑒻𑒟𑒱𑒪𑒲, /ˈmaɪtɪli/ MY-til-ee, Maithili: [ˈməi̯tʰɪliː]) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in parts of India and Nepal. It is native to the Mithila region, which encompasses parts of the eastern Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand as well as Nepal's Koshi and Madhesh Provinces. It is one of the 22 scheduled languages of India. It is the second most commonly spoken native Nepalese language constitutionally registered as one of the fourteen provincial official languages of Nepal.

It is spoken by 21.7 million people. Of those, 3.2 million are Nepalese speakers. The language is predominantly written in Devanagari, but the historical Tirhuta and Kaithi scripts retain some use until today.
Matt Carter (Canadian football)
Matt Carter (born August 2, 1986, in Kelowna, British Columbia) is a retired professional Canadian football wide receiver. He was drafted fifth overall by the BC Lions in the 2009 CFL draft. He played CIS football for the Acadia Axemen. He was also a member of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, Edmonton Eskimos and Ottawa Redblacks.

Kelowna
Kelowna (/kəˈloʊnə/ ⓘ kə-LOH-nə) is a city on Okanagan Lake in the Okanagan Valley in the southern interior of British Columbia, Canada. It serves as the head office of the Regional District of Central Okanagan. The name Kelowna derives from the Okanagan word kiʔláwnaʔ, referring to a grizzly bear.

Kelowna is the province's third-largest metropolitan area (after Vancouver and Victoria). It is the seventh-largest municipality in BC and the largest in the Interior. It is the 20th-largest metropolitan area in Canada. The city proper encompasses 214 km2 (83 sq mi), and the census metropolitan area 2,902.45 km2 (1,120.64 sq mi). Kelowna's population in 2025 is 165,907 in the city proper and 254,605 in the metro area.

Nearby communities include the City of West Kelowna (also referred to as Westbank and Westside) to the west, across Okanagan Lake; Lake Country and Vernon to the north; Peachland to the southwest; and Summerland and Penticton to the south.
Felice DeMatteo
Felice DeMatteo (April 17, 1866 - December 13, 1929) was an Italian-American composer, arranger, and bandmaster best known for his marches, waltzes, and polkas. He was born in Pizzo di Calabria, Italy and attended a musical academy in Padua. He served in the Italian military where he became an army bandmaster and performed before the King of Italy. He composed many of his works after his discharge from the military. In 1903, he moved to New York City and set up music studios for instrumentalists. DeMatteo organized several bands in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania before his death in Bradford, Pennsylvania in 1929.

Pizzo, Calabria
Pizzo (Calabrian: U Pizzu), also called Pizzo Calabro, is a seaport and comune in the province of Vibo Valentia (Calabria, southern Italy), situated on a steep cliff overlooking the Gulf of Saint Euphemia.

Fishing is one of the main activities, including that of tuna and coral.
Conrad Langaard (tennis)
Conrad Langaard (6 August 1890 – 24 December 1950) was a Norwegian tennis player.

He was born in Kristiania as a son of merchant and factory owner Rasmus Agerup Langaard (1860–1908) and his wife Laura Nannestad Holmboe (b. 1869). His paternal grandfather was Conrad Langaard (1823–1897), founder of the company of the same name. As such, he was a grandnephew of Mads Langaard, a first cousin once removed of Christian Langaard, and a second cousin of Johan Henrik Langaard.

He represented the club Oslo TK. He participated at the Summer Olympics in 1912, 1920 and 1924. In 1912 he placed fifth in doubles, and in 1920 he placed fifth in doubles together with Jack Nielsen.

Tennis at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's outdoor doubles
The outdoor men's doubles competition at the 1912 Summer Olympics was part of the tennis program for the games. There were 42 players from 10 nations, comprising 21 teams. Nations were limited to 4 pairs (8 players) each. The event was won by South African team Harold Kitson and Charles Winslow, defeating Austrians Felix Pipes and Arthur Zborzil in the final. It was the first medal in the event for both nations. France earned its first men's double since 1900 as Albert Canet and Édouard Mény de Marangue defeated Jaroslav Just and Ladislav Žemla of Bohemia in the bronze-medal match.
Zhao Fuxin
Zhao Fuxin (Chinese: 趙富鑫; 1904–1999) was a physics professor at Xi'an Jiaotong University. He was born in Shanghai. He was a member of Chinese Communist Party. Zhao graduated from Nanyang Public School (Predecessor of Xi'an Jiaotong University) Department of Electrical Engineering.

Xi'an Jiaotong University
Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU; 西安交通大学) is a public university in Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. It is affiliated with and funded by the Ministry of Education of China. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction. It is a member of the C9 League.

XJTU houses five state key laboratories, four state special laboratories, and two state engineering research centers. Two of its eight affiliated teaching hospitals are ranked among China's top 100 hospitals. It is the hub of the University Alliance of the Silk Road, an international academic alliance under the umbrella of China's Belt and Road Initiative that aims to build educational collaboration and fuel economic growth in countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt and key partners worldwide.
Daneshgah Metro Station (Tabriz)
Daneshgah Metro Station is a station on Tabriz Metro Line 1. The station opened on 13 September 2017. It is located across from University of Tabriz, and is named after the university (Daneshgah being Persian for University).

University of Tabriz
The University of Tabriz (Persian: دانشگاه تبريز, Dāneshgāh-e Tabriz) is a public university located in Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, with the fundamental aim of creating a center of excellence in higher education and research. It is one of the top five high-ranked universities in Iran and one of the ten most selective universities in the country. The University of Tabriz is the second-oldest university in Iran after the University of Tehran, and has the second largest campus area in the country which is the biggest academic institution in northwest of the country. The university is also a member of the Caucasus University Association.

Today, Funding for the University of Tabriz is provided by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. Admission to the university for Iranian applicants is through national entrance examination which is administered annually by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology and for international applicants through some exclusive regulations.
Elizabeth Jesser Reid
Elizabeth Jesser Reid (/riːd/; née Sturch; 25 December 1789 – 1 April 1866), forename sometimes spelled Elisabeth, was an English social reformer, anti-slavery activist, and philanthropist. She is best remembered as the founder of Bedford College.

Abolitionism in the United Kingdom
Abolitionism in the United Kingdom was the movement in the late 18th and early 19th centuries to end the practice of slavery, whether formal or informal, in the United Kingdom, the British Empire and the world, including ending the Atlantic slave trade. It was part of a wider abolitionism movement in Western Europe and the Americas. It spanned over a century and involved a wide range of activists, politicians, religious groups, and former slaves.

The trade of slaves was abolished throughout the British Empire by 1937, with Nigeria and Bahrain being the last British territories to abolish slavery.