hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fruit wine
Fruit wines are fermented alcoholic beverages made from a variety of base ingredients (other than grapes); they may also have additional flavors taken from fruits, flowers, and herbs. This definition is sometimes broadened to include any alcoholic fermented beverage except beer. For historical reasons, cider and perry are also excluded from the definition of fruit wine.

Fruit wines have traditionally been popular with home winemakers and in areas with cool climates such as North America and Scandinavia. In subtropical climates, such as in East Africa, India, and the Philippines, wine is made from bananas.

Winemaker
A winemaker or vintner is a person engaged in winemaking. They are generally employed by wineries or wine companies, where their work includes:

Cooperating with viticulturists

Monitoring the maturity of grapes to ensure their quality and to determine the correct time for harvest

Crushing and pressing grapes

Monitoring the settling of juice and the fermentation of grape material

Filtering the wine to remove remaining solids

Testing the quality of wine by tasting

Placing filtered wine in casks or tanks for storage and maturation

Preparing plans for bottling wine once it has matured

Making sure that quality is maintained when the wine is bottled

Today, these duties require an increasing amount of scientific knowledge, since laboratory tests are gradually supplementing or replacing traditional methods. Winemakers can also be referred to as oenologists as they study oenology – the science of wine.
Jabal al-Malaika
Jabal al-Malaika (Arabic: جبل الملائكة, romanized: Jabal al-Malāʾika, lit. 'Mountain of the angels') is a sand hill at Badr, in the Hejaz region of Saudi Arabia. It is 757 metres (2,484 ft) high and 1,964 metres (6,444 ft) long and was the site, where, according to Islam, angels came and assisted the prophet Muhammad and the early Muslims in the Battle of Badr, that was fought on 13 March 624 (17 Ramadan 2 AH).

Early Muslims
From 613 to 619 CE, the Islamic prophet Muhammad gathered in his hometown of Mecca a small following of those who embraced his message of Islam and thus became Muslims. The first person who professed Islam was his wife, Khadija bint Khuwaylid. The identity of the second male Muslim, after Muhammad himself, is disputed largely along sectarian lines, as Shia and some Sunni sources identify him as the first Shia imam Ali ibn Abi Talib, a child at the time, who grew up in the household of his cousin, Muhammad. Other sources report that the first male convert was Abu Bakr, who later succeeded Muhammad as the first Sunni caliph, or Muhammad's foster son, Zayd ibn Haritha. While it is difficult to establish the chronological order of early conversions, the identities of early Muslims are known with some certainty.
National Rail NR class
The NR class are Australian diesel-electric locomotives built by A Goninan & Co for National Rail between 1996 and 1998. They are currently operated by Pacific National. The C44aci model locomotives built by UGL Rail at Broadmeadow adopted the design from the NR Class.

Dynamic braking
Dynamic braking is the use of an electric traction motor as a generator when slowing a vehicle such as an electric or diesel–electric locomotive. It is termed "rheostatic" if the generated electrical power is dissipated as heat in brake grid resistors, and "regenerative" if the power is returned to the supply line. Dynamic braking reduces wear on friction-based braking components, and regeneration lowers net energy consumption. Dynamic braking may also be used on railcars with multiple units, light rail vehicles, electric trams, trolleybuses, and electric and hybrid electric automobiles.
Giliante D'Este
Giliante D'Este (23 March 1910 – 24 April 1996) was an Italian rower who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics, in the 1932 Summer Olympics, and in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

In 1928 he won the gold medal as a member of the Italian boat in the coxed four event. Four years later he won the bronze medal with the Italian boat in the coxless four event. In 1936 he was part of the Italian boat which was eliminated in the repechage of the coxed four competition.

Repechage
Repechage (/ˌrɛpɪˈʃɑːʒ/ ⓘ REP-ish-AHZH, UK also /ˈrɛpɪʃɑːʒ/ REP-ish-ahzh; French: repêchage [ʁəpɛʃaʒ] ⓘ, lit. 'fishing out'  or 'rescuing') is a practice in series competitions that allows participants who failed to meet qualifying standards by a small margin to continue to the next round. A well-known example is the wild card system.
Tilford, South Dakota
Tilford is an unincorporated community located in Meade County, South Dakota, United States. Tilford is located at Exit 40 off I-90, approximately 9.2 miles (14.8 km) south of Sturgis, the county seat. Although Tilford is unincorporated, it has its own ZIP code of 57769.

Sturgis, South Dakota
Sturgis is a city in Meade County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 7,020 as of the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Meade County and is named after Samuel D. Sturgis, a Union general during the Civil War.

Sturgis is notable as the location of one of the largest annual motorcycle events in the world: the Sturgis Motorcycle Rally, which lasts for 10 days beginning on the first Friday of August. It attracts large numbers of motorcycle enthusiasts from around the world. Sturgis is also noted for hosting WCW's Hog Wild/Road Wild events from 1996 to 1999.
Diamond Cup Golf
The Diamond Cup Golf (アジアパシフィックオープンゴルフチャンピオンシップ ダイヤモンドカップゴルフ, Ajia pashifikku opun gorufu chanpionshippu Daiyamondo kappu gorufu) is a professional golf tournament on the Japan Golf Tour. Founded in 1969, the event has been hosted at different courses throughout Japan, including on all four major islands. In 2022, the purse was ¥100,000,000, with ¥20,000,000 going to the winner. From 2014 to 2019 the tournament was co-sanctioned by the Asian Tour.

Asian Tour
The Asian Tour is the principal men's professional golf tour in Asia except for Japan (which has its own Japan Golf Tour). It is also a full member of the International Federation of PGA Tours. Official money events on the tour count for Official World Golf Ranking points.

The Asian Tour is administered from Singapore. It is controlled by a board with a majority of professional golfers, and a Tournament Players Committee of its player members, supported by an executive team. The chairman of the board is the Indonesian businessman Jimmy Masrin.
Leslie Bancroft
Leslie Bancroft Aeschlimann  (née Bancroft) was a female tennis player from the United States who was active in the 1920s.

Bancroft reached the semi-finals of the singles event at the 1922 U.S. Championships, which she lost in straight sets to eventual champion Molla Mallory. That same year she was runner-up to Mallory at the U.S. Women's Indoor Championships which was played on wooden courts at the Longwood Cricket Club in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts.

In 1922, she lost to Canadian player Lois Moyes Bickle in the finals of the singles event at the U.S. Women's Clay Court Championships in Buffalo, New York.

The next year, 1923, she again reached the final of the U.S. Women's Indoor Championships but this time lost in two sets to Ann Sheafe Cole.

She married Swiss tennis player Charles Aeschlimann on December 16, 1924. They had met at the 1924 Summer Olympics.

Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts
Chestnut Hill is a village located six miles (10 km) west of downtown Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It is best known for being home to Boston College and a section of the Boston Marathon route. Like all Massachusetts villages, Chestnut Hill is not an incorporated municipal entity. It is located partially in Brookline in Norfolk County, partially in the city of Boston in Suffolk County, and partially in the city of Newton in Middlesex County. Chestnut Hill's borders are defined by the 02467 ZIP Code. The name refers to several small hills that overlook the 135-acre (546,000 m2) Chestnut Hill Reservoir rather than one particular hill.
Granite Mountain (Arkansas)
Granite Mountain is an igneous intrusion southeast of Little Rock, Arkansas. Despite being named after granite, the rock at Granite Mountain is actually syenite, a rock that is visually similar to granite, but contains much less quartz. The rock was formed in the Cretaceous period around 90 million years ago, after the lamproites at Prairie Creek and the later Magnet Cove complex, and before the formation of the Monroe Uplift and Jackson Dome.

Syenite
Syenite is a coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock with a general composition similar to that of granite, but deficient in quartz, which, if present at all, occurs in relatively small concentrations (< 5%). It is considered a granitoid. Some syenites contain larger proportions of mafic components and smaller amounts of felsic material than most granites; those are classed as being of intermediate composition.

The extrusive equivalent of syenite is trachyte.
Steve Banning (The Mummy)
Steve Banning is a fictional character from The Mummy franchise who appeared in the films The Mummy's Hand (1940), The Mummy's Tomb (1942) and The Mummy (1959).

In the Universal series, Banning is portrayed by Dick Foran and is an archaeologist and treasure hunter who goes to Egypt to search for Princess Ananka's tomb and gets attacked by Kharis whom he defeats, but the mummy returns to kill him one more time.

In the Hammer series, he is portrayed by Felix Aylmer and is also an archaeologist who searches for Ananka's tomb but has to now face off against the newly revived Kharis.

Felix Aylmer
Sir Felix Edward Aylmer Jones (21 February 1889 – 2 September 1979) was an English stage actor who also appeared in the cinema and on television. Aylmer made appearances in films with comedians such as Will Hay and George Formby.
2025 Korea Cup
The 2025 Korea Cup, known as the 2025 Hana Bank Korea Cup (Korean: 2025 하나은행 코리아컵) for sponsorship reasons, was the 30th edition of the Korea Cup. The winners of the competition could have qualified for the 2026–27 AFC Champions League Elite if they would have finished top four in the 2025 K League 1. Pohang Steelers were the defending champions, having won their sixth cup title the previous year, but were eliminated by Gimpo FC 2–1 in the round of 16.

Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors won their sixth cup title after defeating Gwangju FC 2–1 in the final after extra time, completing the Double.

Korean FA Cup
The Korea Cup (Korean: 코리아컵), formerly the Korean FA Cup, is a national football cup knockout competition of South Korea, held annually by the Korea Football Association (KFA). Before the competition was established in 1996, two similar tournaments named All Joseon Football Tournament (1921–1940) and Korean National Football Championship (1946–2000) were played. It was renamed Korea Cup in 2024, with the winners qualifying for the AFC Champions League Elite (if they finish top four in the K League 1) or the AFC Champions League Two (if they finish outside the top four in the K League 1).
July 2019 lunar eclipse
A partial lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Tuesday, July 16, 2019, with an umbral magnitude of 0.6544. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A partial lunar eclipse occurs when one part of the Moon is in the Earth's umbra, while the other part is in the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 3.9 days after apogee (on July 20, 2019, at 20:00 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

Lunar eclipse
A lunar eclipse, also called a blood moon, is an astronomical event that occurs when the Moon orbits through Earth's shadow.‍‍ Lunar eclipses occur during eclipse season, when the Moon's orbital plane is approximately in line with Earth and the Sun. The type and length of a lunar eclipse depend on the Moon's proximity to the lunar node.‍‍ In contrast with illusive and short-lasting solar eclipses, lunar eclipses can be observed from anywhere on the night side of Earth and often last for an hour or longer. Lunar eclipses are safe to observe without eye protection.

Lunar eclipses are notable for causing the Moon to appear orange or red. This occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth's umbra, necessitating any sunlight that reaches the Moon to first pass through the Earth's atmosphere. The resulting Rayleigh scattering removes high-wavelength colors such as violet and blue from the incoming light before it reflects off the lunar surface and is observed on Earth.
Julie Choffel
Julie Choffel was born and raised in Austin, studied geography at Texas State, and graduated from the MFA Program for Poets and Writers at the University of Massachusetts–Amherst. She teaches creative writing at the University of Connecticut and lives in Connecticut with her husband and their daughter.

University of Massachusetts Amherst College of Humanities and Fine Arts
The College of Humanities & Fine Arts (in full, University of Massachusetts Amherst College of Humanities and Fine Arts) is a college of the University of Massachusetts Amherst. The college was founded in 1915.
April 1940 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Monday, April 22, 1940, with an umbral magnitude of −0.0945. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 2.7 days after perigee (on April 20, 1940, at 20:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

Lunar eclipse
A lunar eclipse, also called a blood moon, is an astronomical event that occurs when the Moon orbits through Earth's shadow.‍‍ Lunar eclipses occur during eclipse season, when the Moon's orbital plane is approximately in line with Earth and the Sun. The type and length of a lunar eclipse depend on the Moon's proximity to the lunar node.‍‍ In contrast with illusive and short-lasting solar eclipses, lunar eclipses can be observed from anywhere on the night side of Earth and often last for an hour or longer. Lunar eclipses are safe to observe without eye protection.

Lunar eclipses are notable for causing the Moon to appear orange or red. This occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth's umbra, necessitating any sunlight that reaches the Moon to first pass through the Earth's atmosphere. The resulting Rayleigh scattering removes high-wavelength colors such as violet and blue from the incoming light before it reflects off the lunar surface and is observed on Earth.
Harwich ferry disaster
The 1807 Harwich ferry disaster was an incident that occurred at Landguard Fort, Felixstowe near the English sea port of Harwich on the Essex coast in the North Sea on Saturday 18 April 1807, in which sixty to ninety people drowned during the capsizing of a small ferry.

Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders
The Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders or 79th (The Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders) Regiment of Foot was a line infantry regiment of the British Army, raised in 1793. It amalgamated with the Seaforth Highlanders (the Duke of Albany's) to form the Queen's Own Highlanders in 1961.
Örtug
Örtug or ortig (Finnish: äyrityinen, aurto or aurtua) was a medieval currency unit in Sweden. It was originally minted as a silver coin in 1370 during the reign of king Albert of Sweden. The coin weighed about 1.3 grams and consisted of 81% silver. As time passed, the örtug was debased: during the reign of Eric of Pomerania, the örtug contained 0.88 grams of silver; under Christian I, 0.7 grams; and in 1534 only 0.54 grams of silver.

During the reign of Gustav Vasa (1523–1560), the monetary system of Sweden was reformed: an örtug was now subdivided into 12 pennings, not 8 as before, while still valued as one third of an öre.

Örtug coins were struck during the years 1523–1534; 1535–1540 in Stockholm; 1528–1531 in Västerås and 1589–1589 in Stockholm and Uppsala. Production ceased after another monetary reform in 1776.

The örtug is also used as the official name of the currency in the artist Lars Vilks' micronation of Ladonia.

Gustav Vasa
Gustav Eriksson Vasa (12 May 1496 – 29 September 1560), also known as Gustav I, was King of Sweden from 1523 until his death in 1560. He was previously self-recognised Protector of the Realm (Riksföreståndare) from 1521, during the Swedish War of Liberation against King Christian II of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Gustav rose to lead this war following the Stockholm Bloodbath, where his father was executed. Gustav's election as king on 6 June 1523 (the future National Day of Sweden) and his triumphant entry into Stockholm eleven days later marked Sweden's final secession from the Kalmar Union.

During his reign, Gustav initiated the Protestant Swedish reformation, transformed the country from an elective to a hereditary monarchy and established a standing army and navy.
Derek Talbot
Derek Talbot MBE (born 23 March 1947) is a former badminton player from England. One of Britain's most successful "all-rounders," he won eleven English National Championships four singles, three doubles, and four mixed doubles. He also won four Commonwealth Games gold medals and in partnership with the formidable Gillian Gilks he won three mixed doubles crowns at the prestigious All-England Open (1973, 1976, and 1977).

English National Badminton Championships
The English National Badminton Championships is a tournament organised by the Badminton England to crown the best badminton players in England.

The tournament started in 1964 and is held annually. The first winners were Bill Havers and Ursula Smith in 1964. Darren Hall has won the most singles titles with 10, whilst Gillian Gilks and Julia Mann both have eight women's singles titles.
International School Brunei
International School Brunei (ISB) is a co-educational, boarding and day international school in Brunei established in 1964. It operates three campuses: the main site in Kampong Sungai Hanching, Bandar Seri Begawan; a branch in Seria in the Belait district; and the ISB Centre for Inclusive Learning in Panaga.

The school offers education for students aged 2 to 18 years, organised into Early Years (Pre-Kindy to Reception), Primary (Year 1 to Year 6), Secondary (Year 7 to Year 11), and the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (Year 12 to Year 13). ISB was the first school in Brunei to offer the IB Diploma, and it also provides Cambridge IGCSE qualifications.

In 2025, ISB won the International School of the Year Award 2025 from the Australian Boarding Schools Association. The school also won Specialist Provision School of the Year at the Tes Schools Awards 2025.

The current executive principal is Dominic Morley.

Belait District
Belait District (Malay: Daerah Belait; Jawi: دأيره بلأيت) or simply known as Belait (buh-LEIT; Malay: [bəlait] ⓘ), is the largest as well as the westernmost district in Brunei. It has an area of 2,727 square kilometres (1,053 sq mi) and the population of 65,531 as of 2021. The administrative town is Kuala Belait, located at the mouth of the 32 kilometres (20 mi) long Belait River. The district is commonly associated with the oil and gas industry of the country, mainly concentrated near the town of Seria.
Sarutahiko Shrine
Sarutahiko Shrine (猿田彦神社) is a shinto shrine in Ise, Mie. located close to Ise Grand Shrine. It is a beppyo shrine and a Hokora in the modern system of ranked shinto shrines.

The priests of the shrine are direct descendants of Sarutahiko Ōkami. who it worships.

It is linked to Tsubaki Grand Shrine the Ichinomiya of Ise Province. That shrine is sometimes seen as the head of all Sarutahiko shrines, but other people say this one is.

Ichinomiya
Ichinomiya (一宮, also 一の宮 or 一之宮; first shrine) is a Japanese historical term referring to the Shinto shrines with the highest rank in a province. Shrines of lower rank were designated ninomiya (二宮, second), sannomiya (三宮, third), shinomiya (四宮, fourth), and so forth.

The term gave rise to modern place names, such as the city of Ichinomiya, Aichi, named after Masumida Shrine in the former Owari Province.
2012 East Timorese parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Timor-Leste on 7 July 2012. The United Nations stated that it would withdraw its 1,300 troops if the elections passed off peacefully. The National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction, led by Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão, won the election with 30 seats, three seats short of a majority in National Parliament.

Alfredo Reinado
Alfredo Alves Reinado (11 November 1968 – 11 February 2008), sometimes spelled Reinhado, was a major in the military of Timor-Leste, the Timor Leste Defence Force (F-FDTL). He deserted on 4 May 2006 to join approximately 600 former soldiers who had been sacked in March 2006 after complaining of regional discrimination in promotions, sparking the 2006 East Timor crisis. Reinado was one of the leaders of the rebel soldiers, and the highest-ranking deserter.
Suji High School
Suji High School is a public high school (ages 16–18) in Yongin, South Korea. It was opened on November 1, 1994. It holds 684 students as of 2010. It used to be an unstandardized high school where only students who achieve a high grade in middle school were allowed to enter. However, since 2015, it became standardized due to Yongin's standardized high school policy.

Education in South Korea
Education in South Korea is provided by both public schools and private schools with government funding available for both. South Korea is known for its high academic performance in reading, mathematics, and science, consistently ranking above the OECD average. South Korean education sits at ninth place in the world. Higher education is highly valued. People believe doing well in school helps them move up in society and have better jobs.

The education system in South Korea is known for being very strict and competitive. Students are expected to get into top universities, especially the "SKY" universities (Seoul National University, Korea University and Yonsei University). While this focus has helped the nation's economy grow and boost the rate of education of its people, the issues that arise from this has left much up for debate.
Headlong (Ings novel)
Headlong is a 1999 science fiction novel by English author Simon Ings. It is Ings's fourth novel and depicts the struggle of a man trying to find his humanity after his previously enhanced senses have been removed. A review of the novel in New Scientist praised it as "mature and thoughtful".

New Scientist
New Scientist is a popular science magazine covering all aspects of science and technology. Based in London, it publishes weekly English-language editions in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia. An editorially separate organisation publishes a monthly Dutch-language edition. First published on 22 November 1956, New Scientist has been available in online form since 1996.

Sold in retail outlets (paper edition) and on subscription (paper and/or online), the magazine covers news, features, reviews and commentary on science, technology and their implications. New Scientist also publishes speculative articles, ranging from the technical to the philosophical.

New Scientist was acquired by Daily Mail and General Trust (DMGT) in March 2021.