hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Daniel Morris Cohen
Daniel Morris Cohen (6 July 1930 - 26 September 2017) was an American ichthyologist who was known for his studies on the taxonomy of salmonid, gadid, and ophidiiform fishes.

Cohen mainly studied the taxonomy of deep-sea fishes in the orders Salmoniformes, Gadiformes, and Ophidiformes. He held the post of professor of biology at the University of Florida for one year. He then took an appointment at the  U.S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Ichthyological Laboratory in Washington, D.C. as a systematic zoologist. He stayed there for 23 years before moving to California to become the Chief Curator of Life Sciences at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Cohen was the deputy director for Research and Collections when he retired in 1995.

United States Fish Commission
The United States Fish Commission, formally known as the United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, was an agency of the United States government created in 1871 to investigate, promote, and preserve the fisheries of the United States. In 1903, it was reorganized as the United States Bureau of Fisheries, sometimes referred to as the United States Fisheries Service, which operated until 1940. In 1940, the Bureau of Fisheries was abolished when its personnel and facilities became part of the newly created Fish and Wildlife Service, under the United States Department of the Interior.
Darling (software)
Darling is a free and open-source macOS compatibility layer for Linux. It duplicates functions of macOS by providing alternative implementations of the libraries and frameworks that macOS programs call. This method of duplication differs from other methods that might also be considered emulation, where programs run on Apple's proprietary operating system software in a virtual machine. Darling has been called the counterpart to WINE for running macOS apps.

The project started in the summer of 2012 and builds on a previous project, named maloader, which was discontinued due to a lack of time. The layer has been shown to work with many console apps, such as Midnight Commander, The Unarchiver, Python, etc. on the layer, but it also has basic support for graphical applications based on the Cocoa framework. Darling has the ability to extract Apple Disk Images.

The project aims to support iOS applications in the future.

The Unarchiver
The Unarchiver is a free data decompression utility, which supports more formats than Archive Utility (formerly known as BOMArchiveHelper), the built-in archive unpacker program in macOS. It can also handle filenames in various character encodings, created using operating system versions that use those character encodings. The Unarchiver does not compress files.

A key feature of The Unarchiver is its ability to handle many old or obscure Mac OS Classic and Amiga archive formats, including StuffIt, Compact Pro, AmigaOS disk images, and LZH/LZX archives. The source code credits libxad, an Amiga file format library. Utility author Dag Ågren reverse engineered the StuffIt and StuffIt X formats. His work resulted in one of the most complete open source implementations of these proprietary formats.
Astin
Astin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Astin (1932–2022), American education professor

Allen V. Astin (1904–1984), American physicist and director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology

Anne Astin, Australian biochemist and forensic expert

Barrett Astin (born 1991), American pitcher

Helen Astin (1932–2015), Greek-born American education professor

James Astin (1900–?), English footballer

John Astin (born 1930), American actor and teacher

Mackenzie Astin (born 1973), American actor, son of John Astin and Patty Duke

Patty Duke Astin, now known as Patty Duke (1946–2016), US actor, singer, author, and mental health advocate; ex-wife of John Astin

Sean Astin (born 1971), American actor, director, producer, and voice artist; son of Patty Duke; adopted son of John Astin

Skylar Astin (born 1987), American actor and musician

Alexander Astin
Alexander W. Astin (May 30, 1932 – May 18, 2022) was the Allan M. Cartter Distinguished Professor of Higher Education and Organizational Change, at the University of California, Los Angeles.

He was founding director of the Higher Education Research Institute at UCLA. He has served as Director of Research for both the American Council on Education and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation. He was also the founding director of the Cooperative Institutional Research Program, an ongoing national study of some fifteen million students, 300,000 faculty and staff, and 1,800 higher education institutions.
25 Years (The Big Dish song)
"25 Years" is a song by Scottish pop band The Big Dish, released on 20 May 1991 as the third and final single from their third and final studio album, Satellites. The song was written by Steven Lindsay and was produced by the Big Dish. It reached number 87 in the UK Singles Chart.

The Big Dish (band)
The Big Dish are a Scottish pop band formed in Airdrie, Scotland in 1983. The band initially comprised Steven Lindsay (vocals/guitar), David Brownlie (drums), Stuart Hall (saxophone), Mark Ryce (guitar), and John Harper (keyboards). The band was subsequently augmented on stage by Paul Albertis (bass) and John Hendry (drums).  As well as releasing three studio albums, the band performed live as support to Lloyd Cole and Big Country and Del Amitri.
Maireana coronata
Maireana coronata, commonly known as crown fissure-weed, is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae and is endemic to Australia. It is a low-lying to erect perennial plant  with linear leaves, bisexual flowers arranged singly, and a hairy fruiting perianth resembling an inverted academic "mortar board" hat, with a narrow circular wing.

Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae (/ˌæmərænˈθeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ AM-ər-an-THAY-see-ee, -⁠eye) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus Amaranthus. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales.
Yakhchāl
A yakhchāl (Persian: یخچال, lit. 'Ice pit'; yakh meaning 'ice' and chāl meaning 'pit') is an ancient type of ice house, which also made ice. They are primarily found in the Dasht-e Lut and Dasht-e-Kavir deserts, whose climates range from cold (BWk) to hot (BWh) desert regions.

In modern-day Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan the term yakhchāl is also used to refer to modern refrigerators.

The structure typically had a domed shape on the  ground, a subterranean storage space, shade walls, and icy pools. It was often used to store ice, but sometimes was used to store food as well as produce ice. The subterranean space and thick heat-resistant construction material insulated the storage space year-round. These structures were built and used since ancient times in Persia.

Great Salt Desert
The Great Salt Desert or  Kavir Desert (Persian: دشت كوير, romanized: Dasht-e Kavir, lit. 'Low Plains' in classical Persian, from khwar (low), and dasht (plain, flatland)) is a large desert lying in the middle of the Iranian Plateau. It is about 800 kilometres (500 mi) long by 320 kilometres (200 mi) wide with a total surface area of about 77,600 km2 (30,000 sq mi), making it the world's 24th largest desert. The desert stretches from the Alborz mountain range in the north-west to the Lut Desert in the south-east. It is spread across the Iranian provinces of Khorasan, Semnan, Tehran, Isfahan and Yazd.
Wakota Bridge
The Wakota Bridge is a ten-lane bridge carrying Interstate 494 over the Mississippi River between South St. Paul and Newport, Minnesota, United States.  It was completed in 2010, replacing a four-lane span built in 1959.  The name was given to the previous span in the early 1960s, and is derived from the two counties it connects, Washington and Dakota.  Lunda Construction Company won the bid to build a new five-lane west-bound span, remove the existing bridge, and build a new five-lane east-bound span, which was completed in 2010. It is the widest bridge in Minnesota in number of lanes, along with the I-35W Saint Anthony Falls Bridge in Minneapolis.

South St. Paul, Minnesota
South St. Paul is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States, immediately south and southeast of St. Paul and east of West St. Paul. The population was 20,759 at the 2020 census. The town was a major meat-packing location, and many residents are descended from immigrants of Southern European and Eastern European heritage, who came to work in the meat-packing plants in the early twentieth century.

A post office called "South St. Paul" has been in operation since 1888. The city was named based on its location, south of St. Paul.

There is a high school and middle school called "South St. Paul Secondary", who is home to the South St. Paul Packers.
Hotel by the Hour
Hotel by the Hour (German title: Das Stundenhotel von St. Pauli) is a 1970 West German crime film directed by Rolf Olsen and starring Curd Jürgens, Andrea Rau, and Corny Collins. It is set in the red-light district of St. Pauli in Hamburg. A Stundenhotel is a hotel where rooms are let by the hour, similar to Japanese love hotels.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Ernst H. Albrecht.

Curd Jürgens
Curd Gustav Andreas Gottlieb Franz Jürgens (13 December 1915 – 18 June 1982) was a German-Austrian stage and film actor. He was usually billed in English-speaking films as Curt Jurgens. He was best known for playing Ernst Udet in Des Teufels General. His English-language roles include James Bond villain Karl Stromberg in The Spy Who Loved Me (1977), Éric Carradine in And God Created Woman (1956), and Professor Immanuel Rath in The Blue Angel (1959), and a war-weary U-boat captain in The Enemy Below (1957).
Leipoldtville
Leipoldtville is a town in Cederberg Local Municipality in the Western Cape province of South Africa.

It is located 40 km (25 mi) West-Southwest of Clanwilliam and 27 km (17 mi) Southeast of Lambert's Bay. The town is named after the Reverend C F Leipoldt, a Dutch Reformed minister in Clanwilliam from 1884 to 1910 and father of the Afrikaans poet C. Louis Leipoldt.

C. Louis Leipoldt
Christian Frederik Louis Leipoldt (/ˈlaɪpɒlt/ LY-polt; 28 December 1880 – 12 April 1947), usually referred to as C. Louis Leipoldt, was a South African poet, dramatist, medical doctor, reporter and food expert. Together with Jan F. E. Celliers and J. D. du Toit, he was one of the leading figures in the poetry of the Second Afrikaans Movement. Apart from poetry, Leipoldt wrote novels, plays, stories, children's books, cookbooks and a travel diary. He is numbered amongst the greatest of the Afrikaner poets and was described by D. J. Opperman, himself a noted South African poet, as "our most versatile artist".
Texas (steamboat)
The texas, in American English, is a structure or section of a steamboat that includes the crew's quarters.  It is located on the hurricane deck, which is also called the texas deck.  This long, narrow cabin is near and may be surmounted by the pilothouse.

Deck (ship)
A deck is a permanent covering over a compartment or a hull of a ship. On a boat or ship, the primary or upper deck is the horizontal structure that forms the "roof" of the hull, strengthening it and serving as the primary working surface. Vessels often have more than one level both within the hull and in the superstructure above the primary deck, similar to the floors of a multi-storey building, that are also referred to as decks, as are certain compartments and decks built over specific areas of the superstructure. Decks for some purposes have specific names.
Taharoa
Taharoa (Māori: Tahaaroa or Tahāroa) is a small village on the west coast of the North Island of New Zealand, to the southwest of Kawhia Harbour and overlooking Lake Taharoa.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "long coast" for Tahāroa however traditional histories state that the extended name is “Te Tahaaroa a Ruaputahanga” or the “long calabash of Ruaputahanga”.

Kawhia Harbour
Kawhia Harbour (Māori: Kāwhia) is one of three large natural inlets in the Tasman Sea coast of the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. It is located to the south of Raglan Harbour, Ruapuke and Aotea Harbour, 40 kilometres southwest of Hamilton. Kawhia is part of the Ōtorohanga District and is in the King Country. It has a high-tide area of 68 km2 (26 sq mi) and a low-tide area of 18 km2 (6.9 sq mi). Te Motu Island is located in the harbour.

The settlement of Kawhia is located on the northern coast of the inlet, and was an important port in early colonial New Zealand. The area of Kawhia comprises 16 to 20 hectares (40 to 50 acres) and is the town block that was owned by the New Zealand Government. The government bought it from the Europeans in 1880 "not from the original Māori owners, but from a European who claimed ownership in payment of money owed by another European".
1894 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1894 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the fifth staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887, held after a three-year hiatus.

Drombane won the championship after a 4–04 to 0–00 defeat of Thurles in the final. It was their first ever championship title.

Thurles Sarsfields GAA
Thurles Sarsfields is a Tipperary GAA club which is located in County Tipperary, Ireland. Both hurling and Gaelic football are played in the "Mid-Tipperary" divisional competitions. The club is centred in the town of Thurles at Semple Stadium. The club was founded in 1881 and is the most honoured club in the county, with 36 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship titles. Thurles Sarsfields are affiliated with the town's juvenile club Dúrlas Óg.
Aleks Syntek
Raúl Alejandro Escajadillo Peña (born 29 September 1969), known by his stage name, Aleks Syntek, is a Mexican singer and songwriter. He has earned nine nominations for the Latin Grammy Awards, a Grammy nomination, five nominations for the MTV Latin Awards, and is the winner of three Latin Billboard awards. He has also received an Ariel award from the Mexican Academy of Cinematography for Best Film Music.

As a performer and singer Syntek has released 10 albums receiving Gold and Platinum disc awards for high sales. He has earned special awards such as "The Honor Composer Achievement Award" presented by the Univision Network by actor Edward James Olmos and also "The Music Legacy Award" presented by the North American Society of Composers SESAC. Syntek also starred and pioneered the hit show The Voice in México.

Ariel Award
The Ariel Award (Spanish: Premio Ariel) is an award that recognizes the best of Mexican cinema. Given annually, since 1946, by the Mexican Academy of Cinematographic Arts and Sciences (AMACC), the award recognizes artistical and technical excellence in the Mexican film industry. The purpose of the Ariel recognition is to stimulate and increase the excellence of Mexican cinema, favor the growth of the industry, and promote the meeting and strengthening of the national film community. It is regarded as the most prestigious award in the Mexican film industry and considered Mexico's equivalent to the Oscars of the United States.
David Manning (cricketer)
David Manning (born 9 March 1963) is a former English cricketer.  Manning is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off break.  He was born at Wolverhampton, Staffordshire.

Manning represented the Worcestershire Cricket Board in List A cricket.  His debut List A match came against the Kent Cricket Board in the 1999 NatWest Trophy.  From 1999 to 2003, he represented the Board in 8 List A matches, the last of which came against Worcestershire in the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy. In his 8 List A matches, he scored 169 runs at a batting average of 28.16, with a single half century high score of 80.  In the field he took 4 catches. In the field he took 3 wickets at a bowling average of 31.33, with best figures of 2/12.

He currently plays club cricket for Wolverhampton Cricket Club in the Birmingham and District Premier League.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
Hofenmühle
The Hofenmühle is an 18th-century water mill in the municipality of Wohlen near Bern, Switzerland.

The existence of the mill, which is private property, is attested since 1719. After the 1920 damming of the River Aar that created the Wohlensee reservoir, the water wheel was replaced with a Brown, Boveri & Cie turbine. The mill ceased to operate in 1994 following the retirement of the miller; since then, local craftsmen and artists have settled in the buildings. In 2007 and 2008, a 20 kW micro hydro power plant was installed in it.

As the hamlet Hofen, the mill compound has been listed in the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites since 1943. It is also listed as a heritage site of national significance in the Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance.

Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance (German: Schweizerisches Inventar der Kulturgüter von nationaler und regionaler Bedeutung; French: Inventaire suisse des biens culturels d'importance nationale et régionale; Italian: Inventario dei beni culturali svizzeri d'importanza nazionale e regionale) is a register of cultural property in Switzerland. It was established according to article 5 of the second protocol to the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, which provides for the establishment of national registers of cultural property.
Sígsig
Sígsig, officially San Sebastian de Sígsig is a town that is located in Azuay Province, Ecuador.
It is the seat of the Sígsig Canton and the parish itself. Sígsig is home to the biggest Panama Hat in the canton, and known for its festivals, and parades. Its population is 4,029 (2022 census), and its population density is 1,997/km2 (5,173/sq mi).

Azuay Province
Azuay (English: /əˈzwaɪ/, Spanish: [aˈswaj] ⓘ), Province of Azuay is a province of Ecuador, created on 25 June 1824. It encompasses an area of 8,171 square kilometres (3,155 sq mi). Its capital and largest city is Cuenca. It is located in the south center of Ecuador in the highlands. Its mountains reach 4,500 m (14,800 ft) above sea level in the national park of El Cajas.

Azuay is located on the Panamerican Highway. Cuenca is connected by national flights from Quito and Guayaquil. It has the largest hydroelectric plant of the country, situated on the river Paute.
Ergun Öztuna
Ergun Öztuna (16 August 1937 – 24 May 2023) was a Turkish footballer who played as a forward for Fenerbahçe. He was known as Puskas Ergun due to his top-class technique.

Öztuna started his professional career with Karşıyaka S.K. and then transferred to Fenerbahçe where he played five years between 1956 and 61. He also played with Bursaspor, Austria Klagenfurt in Austria, Karşıyaka SK (again) and last Fenerbahçe (1964–71). He also played with Rizespor on loan from Fenerbahçe.

Öztuna scored 79 goals in 219 matches for Fenerbahçe.

Öztuna died on 24 May 2023, at the age of 85.

Karşıyaka S.K.
Karşıyaka Spor Kulübü (Turkish for Karşıyaka Sports Club), better known as simply Karşıyaka, is a Turkish sports club located in Karşıyaka, İzmir. Founded in 1912, they are İzmir's oldest club. Like others in Turkey, the "SK" suffix refers to the establishment being a sports club, as, besides football, the club has sports branches in basketball, volleyball, tennis, sailing and fencing. The club's football team currently competes in the TFF Third League,  the fourth tier of the Turkish football league system. The basketball team currently competes in the Turkish Basketball League and the women's volleyball team in the Turkish Women's Second League.

Karşıyaka has a very large fanbase in Northern İzmir, and have a fierce rivalry with Göztepe; matches between the two teams are known as the İzmir Derby. Other rivalries are with Altay and Bucaspor.
Eye of GNOME
Eye of GNOME is the former default image viewer for the GNOME desktop environment, where it had also been known as Image Viewer. It has been superseded by Loupe in GNOME 45. There is also another official image viewer for GNOME called gThumb that has more advanced features like image organizing and image editing functions.

Eye of GNOME provides basic effects for improved viewing, such as zooming, full-screen, rotation, and transparent image background control. It also has many official plug-ins to extend its features or change its behavior.

Image organizer
An image organizer or image management application is application software for organising digital images. It is a kind of desktop organizer software application.

Image organizer software focuses on handling large numbers of images. In contrast to an image viewer, an image organizer can edit image tags and can often upload files to on-line hosting pages. Enterprises may use Digital Asset Management (DAM) solutions to manage larger and broader amounts of digital media.

Some programs that come with desktop environments, such as gThumb (GNOME) and digiKam (KDE) were originally simple image viewers, and have evolved into image organizers.
Kallakurichi district
Kallakurichi district  is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. The district headquarter is Kallakurichi. Kallakurichi District was announced on 8 January 2019 and it came into existence on 26 November 2019.

Viluppuram
Viluppuram, Villupuram, or Vizhuppuram (Tamil: [ʋiɻɯppɯɾam] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative headquarters of Viluppuram district of Tamil Nadu.

Located 61 kilometres (38 mi) south west of a Tiruvannamalai and 35 kilometres (22 mi) north west of Cuddalore null The town serves as a major and largest railway junction, and National Highway 45 passes through it. Agriculture is a main source of income. As Government of India 2021 census data indicated, Viluppuram had a population of 191,131. and the town's literacy rate has been recorded as 90.16% by Census 2011.

In 1919, Villupuram city was officially constituted as a Municipality which today comprises 42 wards, making it one of the largest cities in Tamilnadu.