hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1899 Birthday Honours
The Queen's Birthday Honours 1899 were announced on 3 June 1899 in celebration of the birthday of Queen Victoria. The list included appointments to various orders and honours of the United Kingdom and British India.

The list was published in The Times on 3 June 1899 and the various honours were gazetted in The London Gazette on 3 June 1899, and on 13 June 1899.

The recipients of honours are displayed or referred to as they were styled before their new honour and arranged by honour and where appropriate by rank (Knight Grand Cross, Knight Commander etc.) then division (Military, Civil).

It was announced in the list that The Queen had been pleased to confer the title of Lord Mayor upon the Mayor of the City of Bristol.

Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom and the British Overseas Territories, personal bravery, achievement, or service are rewarded with honours. The honours system consists of three types of award:

Honours are used to recognise merit in terms of achievement and service;

Decorations tend to be used to recognise specific deeds;

Medals are used to recognise service on a particular operation or in a specific theatre, long or valuable service, and good conduct.

Appointments to the various orders and awards of other honours are usually published in The London Gazette.
Tetramethylammonium-corrinoid protein Co-methyltransferase
Tetramethylammonium-corrinoid protein Co-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.252, mtqB (gene), tetramethylammonium methyltransferase) is an enzyme with systematic name tetramethylammonium:5-hydroxybenzimidazolylcobamide Co-methyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

tetramethylammonium + [Co(I) tetramethylammonium-specific corrinoid protein]  [methyl-Co(III) tetramethylammonium-specific corrinoid protein] + trimethylamine

This enzyme is involved in methanogenesis from tetramethylammonium.

Methanogenesis
Methanogenesis or biomethanation is the formation of methane coupled to energy conservation by microbes known as methanogens. It is the fourth and final stage of anaerobic digestion. Organisms capable of producing methane for energy conservation have been identified only from the domain Archaea, a group phylogenetically distinct from both eukaryotes and bacteria, although many live in close association with anaerobic bacteria. The production of methane is an important and widespread form of microbial metabolism. In anoxic environments, it is the final step in the decomposition of biomass.  Methanogenesis is responsible for significant amounts of natural gas accumulations, the remainder being thermogenic.
Buser
Buser is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred L. Buser (1888–1956), American football player and coach

Eduard Buser (1913–?), Swiss footballer

Felix Buser (born 1957), Swiss sprint canoer

Gustav Buser, Swiss footballer

Hans Buser (1513–1544), Swiss nobleman

James Buser (born 1979), Australian rugby league footballer

Johan Büser (born 1983). Swedish politician

Jürg Peter Buser (born 1946), Swiss mathematician

Martin Buser (born 1958), Swiss-born American sled dog racer

Michael Buser (born 1952), American judge

Paul Buser (born 1934), Swiss sports shooter

Walter Buser (1926–2019), Swiss politician

Johan Büser
Johan Ulf Tobias Büser (born 1983) is a Swedish politician and member of the Riksdag, the national legislature. A member of the Social Democratic Party, he has represented Gothenburg Municipality since September 2014.

Büser is the son of toolmaker Ulf Nygren and business manager Annika Büser. He studied law at the Gothenburg School of Business, Economics and Law, University of Gothenburg. He has worked as a forklift driver, fitter and school teacher. He held various roles at the Swedish Social Democratic Youth League (SSU) before entering the Riksdag. He had previously been a member of the board of the Port of Gothenburg.
Palatine nerves
The palatine nerves (descending branches) are distributed to the roof of the mouth, soft palate, tonsil, and lining membrane of the nasal cavity.

Most of their fibers are derived from the sphenopalatine branches of the maxillary nerve.

In older texts, they are usually categorized as three in number: anterior, middle, and posterior. (In newer texts, and in Terminologia anatomica, they are broken down into "greater palatine nerve" and "lesser palatine nerve".)

Terminologia Anatomica
Terminologia Anatomica (commonly abbreviated TA) is the international standard for human anatomical terminology. It is developed by the Federative International Programme on Anatomical Terminology (FIPAT) a program of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA).
Koukdjuak River
The Koukdjuak River begins at the outlet of Nettilling Lake and empties into the Arctic Ocean. It is the namesake of the Great Plain of the Koukdjuak located in the Foxe Basin on western Baffin Island, Nunavut (formerly Northwest Territories), northern Canada.

The first non-Inuit who specifically explored the river was the Canadian Arctic explorer/ornithologist, J. Dewey Soper. The northern boundary of the Isulijarniq Migratory Bird Sanctuary is the middle thread of the Koukdjuak River. The river is also notable as a Barren-ground caribou migration crossing and for Arctic charr fishing.

Barren-ground caribou
The barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus; but subject to a recent taxonomic revision) is a subspecies of the reindeer (or the caribou in North America) that is found in the Canadian territories of Nunavut and the Northwest Territories, in northern Alaska and in south-western Greenland. It includes the Porcupine caribou of Yukon and Alaska. The barren-ground caribou is a medium-sized caribou, smaller and lighter-colored than the boreal woodland caribou, with the females weighing around 90 kg (200 lb) and the males around 150 kg (330 lb). However, on some of the smaller islands, the average weight may be less. The large migratory herds of barren-ground caribou take their names from the traditional calving grounds, such as the Ahiak herd, the Baffin Island herds, the Bathurst herd, the Beverly herd (Beverly Lake in western Nunavut),  the Bluenose East herd (southwest of Kugluktuk), the Bluenose West herd, the Porcupine herd and the Qamanirjuaq herd.
1923 Estonian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Estonia between 5 and 7 May 1923. There were some controversies - some lists, most remarkably Communist, were declared void before the elections because of electoral law violations, and the results gave Estonia its most fragmented parliament.

Riigikogu
The Riigikogu (Estonian: [ˈriːkiˈkoku], from Estonian riigi-, "of the state", and kogu, "assembly") is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. In addition to approving legislation, the Parliament appoints high officials, including the prime minister and chief justice of the Supreme Court, and elects (either alone or, if necessary, together with representatives of local government within a broader electoral college) the president. Among its other tasks, the Riigikogu also ratifies significant foreign treaties that impose military and proprietary obligations and bring about changes in law, as well as approves the budget presented by the government as law, and monitors the executive power.
Canton of La Plaine d'Illibéris
The Canton of La Plaine d'Illibéris is a French canton of Pyrénées-Orientales department, in Occitanie. At the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, the canton of La Plaine d'Illibéris was created including 5 communes from the canton of Elne and 2 from the canton of La Côte Radieuse.

Pyrénées-Orientales
Pyrénées-Orientales (French: [piʁene ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; Catalan: Pirineus Orientals [piɾiˈnɛwz uɾiənˈtals]; Occitan: Pirenèus Orientals [piɾeˈnɛwz uɾjenˈtals]; lit. 'Eastern Pyrenees'), also known as Northern Catalonia, is a department of the region of Occitania, Southern France, adjacent to the northern Spanish frontier and the Mediterranean Sea. It borders the departments of Ariège to the northwest and Aude to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the east and the Spanish province of Girona in Catalonia to the south and the country of Andorra to the west. It also surrounds the tiny Spanish exclave of Llívia, and thus has two distinct borders with Spain. In 2019, it had a population of 479,979. Some parts of the Pyrénées-Orientales (like the Cerdagne) are part of the Iberian Peninsula. It is named after the Pyrenees mountain range. Historically, most of the department corresponds with the northern part of the medieval and early modern Principality of Catalonia.
Western philosophy
Western philosophy refers to the philosophical thought, traditions, and works of the Western world. Historically, the term refers to the philosophical thinking of Western culture, beginning with the ancient Greek philosophy of the pre-Socratics. The word philosophy itself originated from the Ancient Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophía), literally, 'the love of wisdom', from Ancient Greek: φιλεῖν (phileîn), 'to love', and σοφία (sophía), 'wisdom'.

Western philosophy stands in contrast to other cultural and regional traditions like Eastern philosophy.

Eudaimonia
Eudaimonia (also spelled eudaemonia)(/juːdɪˈmoʊniə/; Ancient Greek: εὐδαιμονία [eu̯dai̯moníaː]) is a Greek word literally translating to the state or condition of good spirit, and which is commonly translated as happiness or welfare.

In the works of Aristotle, eudaimonia was the term for the highest human good in older Greek tradition. It is the aim of practical philosophy-prudence, including ethics and political philosophy, to consider and experience what this state really is and how it can be achieved. It is thus a central concept in Aristotelian ethics and subsequent Hellenistic philosophy, along with the terms aretē (most often translated as virtue or excellence) and phronesis ('practical or ethical wisdom').

Discussion of the links between ēthikē aretē (virtue of character) and eudaimonia (happiness) is one of the central concerns of ancient ethics, and a subject of disagreement. As a result, there are many varieties of eudaimonism.
Abbas Magongo
Abbas Hamisi Magongo aka Zamalek was a Tanzanian-born Kenyan footballer who played for club sides Young Africans and Gor Mahia FC, and Kenya.

He turned out for Gor Mahia between 1984 and 1991 before moving to Oman's Al-Seeb Club. He was part of the Kenyan squad that fetured in the 1990 Africa Cup of Nations.

He died on 29 January 2001 in Malindi.

Gor Mahia F.C.
Gor Mahia Football Club (/ˌɡɔːr ˈmaɪjə/ ⓘ), commonly known as K'Ogalo (Dholuo for 'descendant of Ogalo'), is a professional football club based in Nairobi, Kenya. They have won the Kenyan Premier League a record 21 times, and have also won the FKF President's Cup a record 11 times. It is the first and only team from Kenya to win an African continental title to date, having won the African Cup Winners' Cup in 1987 after previously reaching the final in 1979.

Several teams in the Kenyan football league system are closely linked to ethnic groups in Kenya; Gor Mahia are considered to represent the Luo people in the south of Nyanza Province.
Penge Urban District
Penge was a civil parish and a local government district located to the southeast of London, England. It included the settlements of Penge, Anerley and part of Crystal Palace. It was part of the London postal district, Metropolitan Police District and, from 1933, the London Passenger Transport Area. In 1965 the urban district was abolished by the London Government Act 1963 and it became part of Greater London, being combined with other districts to form the London Borough of Bromley.

London Passenger Transport Board
The London Passenger Transport Board was the organisation responsible for local public transport in London and its environs from 1933 to 1948. In common with all London transport authorities from 1933 to 2000, the public name and brand was London Transport.
Carl Rønneberg
Carl Rønneberg (10 August 1779 – 29 January 1858) was a Norwegian merchant, ship owner, and fish exporter.

Carl Esaias Rønneberg was born at Kriksholmen in the parish of Herøy in Romsdalen county, Norway. He was the son of Christopher Tjærandsen Rønneberg (1737–1824) and Margrethe Christine Rasmusdatter Frøysa (1736–1888). His father was from Jæren and became a wealthy merchant in Sunnmøre.

Rønneberg first worked as a trade manager in Lyngen in Troms county. He established the merchant house Carl E. Rønneberg & Sønner in 1812. He also purchased the Korsen farm, which became the trading center of Aalesund. His company became dominant in the city during the 19th century, and for a long time it was the city's largest company and employer.

In 1811 he married Elisabeth Marie Mechlenburg (1781–1853). They were the parents of Carl E. Rønneberg Jr. (1815–1880) and Rasmus Gerhard Rønneberg (1822–1884). Their descendants included Joachim Holmboe Rønneberg and Anton Johan Rønneberg.

Herøy Municipality (Møre og Romsdal)
Herøy is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is part of the Sunnmøre region. The administrative centre is the town of Fosnavåg on the island of Bergsøya. Other settlements in Herøy include the villages of Leikong, Kvalsund, and Moltustranda. The industrial area of Eggesbønes is located south of Fosnavåg on the same island. The Runde Environmental Centre is located in the northern part of the municipality on Runde island.

The 119.53-square-kilometre (46.15 sq mi) municipality is the 321st largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Herøy Municipality is the 123rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 8,968. The municipality's population density is 75 inhabitants per square kilometre (190/sq mi) and its population has increased by 1.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Transcend Information
Transcend Information, Inc. (Chinese: 創見資訊股份有限公司; pinyin: Chuàngjiàn Zīxùn Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī) is a Taiwanese company headquartered in Taipei, Taiwan that manufactures and distributes memory products. Transcend deals in over 2,000 products including memory modules, flash memory cards, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, multimedia products, solid-state drives, dashcams, body cameras, personal cloud storage, card readers and accessories.

It has offices in the United States, Germany, the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Japan, Hong Kong, China, and South Korea. It was the first Taiwanese memory module manufacturer to receive ISO 9001 certification.

Card reader
A card reader is a data input device that reads data from a card-shaped storage medium and provides the data to a computer. Card readers can acquire data from a card via a number of methods, including: optical scanning of printed text or barcodes or holes on punched cards, electrical signals from connections made or interrupted by a card's punched holes or embedded circuitry, or electronic devices that can read plastic cards embedded with either a magnetic strip, computer chip, RFID chip, or another storage medium.

Card readers are used for applications including identification, access control and banking, data storage, and data processing.
Perfect Harmony (painting)
The Perfect Accord (L'Accord parfait), also adapted into English as Perfect Harmony, is an oil-on-panel painting by Antoine Watteau, created c. 1719, now held in the Los Angeles County Museum of Art. It was the pendant to the same artist's The Surprise.

It was initially owned by a friend of the artist, Nicolas Hénin, but it and Surprise were sold separately by his heir around 1756.

Antoine Watteau
Jean-Antoine Watteau (UK: /ˈwɒtoʊ/, US: /wɒˈtoʊ/, French: [ʒɑ̃ ɑ̃twan vato]; baptised 10 October 1684 – died 18 July 1721) was a French painter and draughtsman whose brief career spurred the revival of interest in colour and movement, as seen in the tradition of Correggio and Rubens. He revitalized the waning Baroque style, shifting it to the less severe, more naturalistic, less formally classical, Rococo. Watteau is credited with inventing the genre of fêtes galantes, scenes of bucolic and idyllic charm, suffused with a theatrical air. Some of his best known subjects were drawn from the world of Italian comedy and ballet.
Lorna Williams
Lorna Williams, OBC, OC (born 1947 or 1948) also known as Wánosts’a7, is an educator, scholar, filmmaker, and Indigenous elder known for her contributions to Indigenous language revitalization and Indigenous education. She is a member of Lilʼwat First Nation of Mount Currie, British Columbia and a Ucwalmícwts speaker. She is professor emerita at the University of Victoria where she was Canada Research Chair in Indigenous knowledge and learning in the faculties of Education and Linguistics. She is past chair of First Peoples' Cultural Council. She sits as an observer on UNESCO's Global Task Force for the International Decade of Indigenous Languages.

International Decade of Indigenous Languages
International Decade of Indigenous Languages is an initiative launched by the United Nations with a mission to raise awareness on Indigenous language preservation, revitalization and promotion. The initiative is launched as per the suggestion from the Permanent Forum on Indigenous issues, the UN general assembly has declared the decade starting from 2022 to 2032 as the International Decade of Indigenous Languages.
Order of the Sun (India)
The Order of the Sun is a chivalric order of knights in India, being awarded by the Royal House of Jaipur. The motto of the Order of the Sun is Yato Dharmastato Jayah, meaning 'Where There is Virtue, There is Victory' and the badge of the Order of the Sun is an "eight-petalled flower in red enamel".

The designer of the decorations for the Order of the Sun was M.H.S. Spielman of Oxford.

In her 2017 bal des débutantes, Ava Phillippe took Padmanabh Singh as her date and as is customary with full evening dress, he was wearing the decoration of the Order of the Sun.

Yato Dharmastato Jayah
Yato Dharmastato Jayaḥ (Sanskrit: यतो धर्मस्ततो जयः) is a Sanskrit shloka that occurs a total of 13 times in the Hindu epic the Mahabharata. It means "Where there is Dharma, there will be Victory". It is also the official motto of the Supreme Court of India. The phrase underscores a fundamental principle in Hindu thought: righteousness leads to true success. It symbolizes the belief that ethical conduct ultimately ensures triumph, even in the face of adversity.
Adam Johnson (musician)
Adam Johnson (born 1976) is an American electronic musician from Minneapolis, Minnesota, known for his 2003 album, Chigliak, on the Miami based electronic music label, Merck Records. He has released music on American and European electronic music record labels, and licensed his music for use in advertising, TV and films. His music has also been licensed by world renown DJs and record producers such as Sasha, John Digweed, and Way Out West. In 2014, Fact magazine included the track "Anex" from the album, Chigliak, on a list of "The 100 Greatest IDM Tracks."

Johnson is also a Photographer, Documentary Filmmaker and Video Editor. He holds a BFA in Photography from the Pacific Northwest College of Art in Portland, Oregon (2013).

Pacific Northwest College of Art
The Pacific Northwest College of Art (PNCA) is an art school of Willamette University and is located in Portland, Oregon. Established in 1909, the art school grants Bachelor of Fine Arts degrees and graduate degrees including the Master of Fine Arts (MFA) and Master of Arts (MA) degrees. It has an enrollment of about 500 students. The college merged with Willamette University in 2021.

The college has 10 Bachelor of Fine Arts majors and five graduate programs, a dual-degree MA/MFA option, and a Post-Baccalaureate program within the Hallie Ford School of Graduate Studies.
Gephyromantis rivicola
Gephyromantis rivicola, commonly known as the lesser stream Madagascar frog, is a species of frog in the family Mantellidae.  It is endemic to Madagascar.  Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.  It is threatened by habitat loss.

Mantellidae
The Mantellidae are an amphibian family of the order Anura (frogs and toads), and are endemic to the Indian Ocean islands of Madagascar and Mayotte. At first glance, the diminutive, brightly-coloured mantellas appear visually similar to (and indeed fill similar ecological niches as) the Latin American poison dart frogs, such as Dendrobates, Oophaga and Phyllobates, among others.
A Little Fable
"A Little Fable" (German: "Kleine Fabel") is a short story written by Franz Kafka between 1917 and 1923, likely in 1920. The anecdote, only one paragraph in length, was not published in Kafka's lifetime and first appeared in Beim Bau der Chinesischen Mauer (1931). The first English translation by Willa and Edwin Muir was published by Martin Secker in London in 1933. It appeared in The Great Wall of China. Stories and Reflections (New York City: Schocken Books, 1946). In 1973, it was published in a collection of Kafka stories translated by Malcolm Pasley. In 2024, it was published as "Little Fable" in a collection of Kafka stories translated by Mark Harman.

Schocken Books
Schocken Books is a book publishing imprint of Penguin Random House that specializes in Jewish literary works. Originally established in 1931 by Salman Schocken as Schocken Verlag in Berlin, the company later moved to Israel and then the United States, and was acquired by Random House in 1987.
Hemimetabolism
Hemimetabolism or hemimetaboly, also called partial metamorphosis and paurometabolism, is the mode of development of certain insects that includes three distinct stages: the egg, nymph, and the adult stage, or imago. These groups go through gradual changes; there is no pupal stage. The nymph often has a thin exoskeleton and resembles the adult stage but lacks wings and functional reproductive organs. The hemimetabolous insects differ from ametabolous taxa in that the one and only adult instar undergoes no further moulting.

Exoskeleton
An exoskeleton (from Ancient Greek  έξω (éxō) 'outer' and  σκελετός (skeletós) 'skeleton') is a skeleton that is on the exterior of an animal in the form of hardened integument, which both supports the body's shape and protects the internal organs, in contrast to an internal endoskeleton (e.g. that of a human) which is enclosed underneath other soft tissues. Some large, hard and non-flexible protective exoskeletons are known as shell or armour.

Examples of exoskeletons in animals include the cuticle skeletons shared by arthropods (insects, chelicerates, myriapods and crustaceans) and tardigrades, as well as the skeletal cups formed by hardened secretion of stony corals, the test/tunic of sea squirts and sea urchins, and the prominent mollusc shell shared by snails, clams, tusk shells, chitons and nautilus. Some vertebrate animals, such as the turtle, have both an endoskeleton and a protective exoskeleton.
Palácio do Governo
Palácio do Governo is a Portuguese phrase translated literally as Palace of Government or Government Palace. It may refer specifically to the following buildings:

Palácio do Governo in Dili, Timor-Leste

Palácio do Governo in Praia, Cape Verde

Palácio do Povo in Mindelo, Cape Verde; formerly known as the Palácio do Governo

Avenida Cidade de Lisboa
Avenida Cidade de Lisboa is an avenue west of the center of Praia, Santiago island, Cape Verde. It runs along the neighbourhoods of Várzea, Achadinha and Chã de Areia. It is one of the major arterial roads of the city.  The street is named for Praia's town twinning with the city of Lisbon, Portugal. It runs south to north, west of the Plateau (city centre). The annual carnival parade takes place on Avenida Cidade de Lisboa.: 45

Notable buildings along the street:

Palácio do Governo

Estádio da Várzea

National Auditorium

National Library of Cape Verde: 34

Sucupira Market: 32

The Government Palace

The avenue during the 2012 Carnival