hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Codex Aesinas
The Codex Aesinas (Codex Aesinas Latinus 8) is a 15th-century composite manuscript. It was discovered by chance in 1902 at the former private estate of the Count Baldeschi Balleani family located in Jesi, in the province of Ancona, Italy. The manuscript is considered especially valuable because it contains the Opera Minora (shorter works) of the Roman historian Tacitus, including the Agricola and the Germania. Due to the inclusion of eight folia written in Carolingian minuscule script within the Agricola, the Tacitus portion of the Codex is generally regarded as a direct copy of the missing Codex Hersfeldensis (H), a 9th-century manuscript that contained a copy of the original Opera Minora by Tacitus. The Carolingian folia are thought to be originals taken from the lost codex. In 1994, the Baldeschi Balleani family sold the codex to the Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Roma where it is now known as the Codex Vittorio Emanuele 1631.

Bernhard Bischoff
Bernhard Bischoff (20 December 1906 – 17 September 1991) was a German historian, paleographer, and philologist; he was born in Altendorf (administrative division of Altenburg, Thuringia), and he died in Munich.
Lamborghini LM003
The Lamborghini LM003 was a very short-lived offroad prototype project designed and built by Lamborghini in an attempt to meet military needs. It was virtually identical to the LM002, but instead of the V12 Lamborghini engine, it utilized a 5-cylinder, 150 bhp (112 kW), 3.6L turbocharged diesel engine provided by VM Motori. The engine was determined to be entirely insufficient to power the 2600 kg (5700 lb) vehicle and the project was abandoned.

Another model that may have been dubbed the LM003 was developed when Lamborghini was under the ownership of Megatech. They realized that the LM002 was a steady and consistent seller, so they wanted to bring it back into production with an updated design. It was to have been named the Borneo or Galileo, to differentiate it with the previous LM003. The idea was taken to SZ Design, an offshoot of Zagato, but it never went past a few concept drawings that looked vaguely similar to a modern Range Rover.

VM Motori
VM Motori S.p.A. is an Italian diesel engine manufacturer headquartered, along with its main production facilities, in Cento, Emilia-Romagna. Founded in 1947, it was a wholly-owned subsidiary of Stellantis from 2011 to 2025, when it was acquired by Marval Group.
Green Wheat
Green Wheat (French: Le Blé en herbe) is a 1923 novel by the French writer Colette. The book was written during the vacation of the writer on her property Roz-Ven in Saint-Coulomb, between Saint-Malo and Cancale.

Cancale
Cancale (French pronunciation: [kɑ̃kal]; Breton: Kankaven; Gallo: Cauncall) is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department in Brittany in northwestern France. It is known as the birthplace of Saint Jeanne Jugan.
Benno Fürmann
Benjamin "Benno" Fürmann (German: [ˈbɛ.no ˈfyːɐ̯ˌman] ⓘ; born 17 January 1972) is a German film and television actor. He played lead roles in the 2008 film The North Face (where he played Toni Kurz), and Jerichow. He appeared in In Darkness, and was the voice of Puss in Boots in the Shrek franchise's German dubbing.

In Darkness (2011 film)
In Darkness (Polish: W ciemności) is a dual-perspective 2011 Polish drama film written by David F. Shamoon and directed by Agnieszka Holland. It was nominated for Best Foreign Language Film at the 84th Academy Awards.

Based on true events during German occupation of Poland, the film tells about Leopold Socha, a sewer worker in the Polish city of Lwów. He used his knowledge of the city's sewer system to shelter a group of Jews who had escaped from the Lwów Ghetto during the Holocaust in former Poland.
Racing Youth
Racing Youth is a 1932 American pre-Code drama film directed by Vin Moore and written by Earle Snell. The film stars Slim Summerville, Louise Fazenda, Frank Albertson, June Clyde, Arthur Stuart Hull and Forrest Stanley. The film was released on April 1, 1932, by Universal Pictures.

Vin Moore
Vin Moore (January 23, 1879 – December 5, 1949) was an American film director, actor and writer. He directed 83 films between 1915 and 1938. He was born in Mayville, New York, and died in Hollywood, California.
Amphidromus truongi
Amphidromus truongi is a species of air-breathing tree snail, an arboreal gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae. It was described in 2021 by Vietnamese malacologist Nguyễn Ngọc Thạch and is endemic to Vietnam.

Tree snail
Tree snail is  a common name that is applied to various kinds of tropical air-breathing land snails, pulmonate gastropod mollusks that have shells, and that live in trees, in other words, are exclusively arboreal in habitat.

Some other species of air-breathing land snails may sometimes be found on tree trunks, or even in the foliage of trees, but this does not mean they live their whole lives in trees, and they are not considered to be tree snails.
P. L. Jinadasa
Pilane Lokuge Jinadasa  was a Sri Lankan planter and politician. A planter from the Andaradeniya Estate in Deniyaya, he was elected to the Parliament of Ceylon representing the Deniyaya electorate. He was a member of the United National Party.

Jinadasa died before being sworn into office.

Deniyaya
Deniyaya is a small town located towards the south of Sri Lanka. It is located in Matara District of the Southern Province. It is surrounded by the Sinharaja rainforest, and the climate is relatively cool. The main source of income is tea cultivation, however people also engage in vegetable cultivation. The village also has many historic temples such as the Gatabaruwa Devalaya. As of 2023, it has an estimated population of 15,000.
Silphium terebinthinaceum
Silphium terebinthinaceum is a member of the Asteraceae, a family that includes sunflowers, and is commonly referred to as prairie dock or prairie rosinweed. It is native to central and eastern North America. "Rosinweed" became one of the plant's common names due to the fact that upon injury, resin flows from the wound, giving the plant a sweet smell. Tea brewed from the roots of the prairie dock have a variety of medical applications in Native American culture. The smoke from this plant has also been used as a treatment for congestion and rheumatism.

Rheumatism
Rheumatism /ˈruːmətɪzəm/ (from the Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα, rheûma) or rheumatic disorders are conditions causing chronic, often intermittent pain affecting the joints or connective tissue. Rheumatism does not designate any specific disorder, but covers at least 200 different conditions, including arthritis and  "non-articular rheumatism", also known as "regional pain syndrome" or "soft tissue rheumatism". There is a close overlap between the term soft tissue disorder and rheumatism. Sometimes the term "soft tissue rheumatic disorders" is used to describe these conditions.

The term "Rheumatic Diseases" is used in MeSH to refer to connective tissue disorders. The branch of medicine devoted to the diagnosis and therapy of rheumatism is called rheumatology.
Lev Pisarzhevsky
Lev Vladimirovich Pisarzhevsky (also transliterated as Pisarzhevskii: Russian: Лев Влади́мирович Писарже́вский; 13 February 1874 – 23 March 1938) was a Ukrainian Soviet chemist who studied peroxides, peracids, and solutions.

His contribution to the theory of catalysis is best known for his attempt to relate the catalytic properties of solids to their electronic properties.

Solution (chemistry)
In chemistry, a solution is defined by IUPAC as "A liquid or solid phase containing more than one substance, when for convenience one (or more) substance, which is called the solvent, is treated differently from the other substances, which are called solutes. When, as is often but not necessarily the case, the sum of the mole fractions of solutes is small compared with unity, the solution is called a dilute solution." One parameter of a solution is the concentration, which is a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solution or solvent. The term "aqueous solution" is used when one of the solvents is water.
Sinéad Gleeson
Sinéad Gleeson is an Irish writer. Her essay collection, Constellations: Reflections from Life, won Non-Fiction Book of the Year at 2019 Irish Book Awards and the Dalkey Literary Award for Emerging Writer.

Hachette Books
Hachette Books, formerly Hyperion Books, is a general-interest book imprint of the Perseus Books Group, which is a division of Hachette Book Group and ultimately a part of Lagardère Group. Established in 1990, Hachette publishes general-interest fiction and non-fiction books for adults. A former subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company, it was originally named after Hyperion Avenue, the location of Walt Disney Studios prior to 1939. Hachette took over a 1,000 book backlist when Hyperion was purchased from Disney in 2013 with 250 bestselling novels, including Mitch Albom's The Five People You Meet in Heaven.
New Ollerton
New Ollerton is a town in the parish of Ollerton and Boughton, Newark and Sherwood district, in the county of Nottinghamshire, England, on the edge of Sherwood Forest in the area known as the Dukeries. The population of Ollerton and Boughton at the 2011 census was 9,840.. The town is close to the villages of Ollerton and Boughton.

The Dukeries
The Dukeries is an area of the county of Nottinghamshire so called because it contained four ducal seats. It is south of Worksop, which has been called its "gateway". The area was included within the ancient Sherwood Forest.
Tsingy Rouge
The Tsingy Rouge (Red Tsingy) is a stone formation of red laterite formed by erosion of the Irodo River in the region of Diana in northern Madagascar.

It is situated approximately 60 km south of Antsiranana near the town of Sadjoavato.

Antsiranana
Antsiranana (Malagasy: Antsiranana Malagasy pronunciation: [antsʲˈraŋanə̥]), named Diego-Suarez prior to 1975, is a city in the far north of Madagascar. Antsiranana is the capital of Diana Region. It had an estimated population of 115,015 in 2013.
Martijn Schimmer
Martijn Schimmer (born 21 August 1975) is a Dutch composer and producer of television theme songs and film scores. His work includes the theme music for The Voice, Deal or No Deal, RTL Nieuws, and Splash.

Alice in Glamourland
Alice in Glamourland (Dutch: Ellis in Glamourland) is a 2004 Dutch comedy film, directed by Pieter Kramer and produced by Alain De Levita and Johan Nijenhuis, starring Linda de Mol and Joan Collins. The story is about a poor single mother, who participates in a course about 'How to marry a millionaire'.

The film received a Golden Film (100,000 visitors).
Thaheriya
Thaheriya (Arabic: الظاهرية)  is a village  in Ariha Nahiyah in Ariha District, Idlib Governorate, in Syria.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Thaheriya had a population of 296 in the 2004 census.

Ariha Subdistrict
Ariha Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية مركز أريحا) is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) in Ariha District in Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ariha had a population of 83,487 in the 2004 census. As of July 2023, the subdistrict has an estimated population of 110,734, of whom 32,666 were IDPs from other parts of Syria.
Cycling at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's BMX
The women's BMX racing competition at the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro took place on 17 and 19 August 2016 at the Olympic BMX Centre.

The medals were presented by Camiel Eurlings, IOC member, Netherlands and Brian Cookson, President of the UCI.

Olympic BMX Centre
The Olympic BMX Centre is a cycling venue, constructed  for the BMX racing events at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The surface was supplied by GreenSet.

In 2025, the Centre was reopened for public use after a renovation.
Heavenly Kingdom of the Great Mingshun
The Heavenly Kingdom of the Great Mingshun (Chinese: 大明順天國), or the Shuntian Kingdom (順天國), was an attempt within Qing China by members of the Revive China Society to establish a Westernized constitutional monarchy with references to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in 1903, founders of whom were Tse Tsan-tai, Li Ki-tong, and Hong Quanfu, a former Taiping general.

Tse Tsan-tai
Tse Tsan-tai (Chinese: 謝纘泰 or 謝贊泰; pinyin: Xiè Zàntài; Sidney Lau: Je6 Juen2 Taai3; 16 May 1872 – 4 April 1938), courtesy name Sing-on (聖安), art-named Hong-yu (康如), was an Australian Chinese revolutionary, active during the late Qing dynasty. Tse had an interest in designing airships but none were ever constructed. His book The Chinese Republic: Secret History of the Revolution (中華民國革命秘史), published in 1924 by the South China Morning Post, of which he was co-founder, is an important source of studies on the anti-Qing revolution.
2018 Women's Softball World Championship Group Stage
The Group Stage was the first stage of the 2018 Women's Softball World Championship. Qualified teams were split into 2 groups of 8 teams each following a serpentine system based on the Women's Softball WBSC World Rankings. Teams played a round-robin within their group, the top 4 teams in each group advanced to the playoff round and the bottom 4 sent to the placement round. It was the last time the groups would compete at the same time and location as each other or the final stages.

Serpentine system
The serpentine system, also known as snake seeding, is a method of organization used in competitions to define the seeded teams and arrange them into pools. The n ranked teams that will be involved in the tournament are distributed in m pools according to the following algorithm:

For instance, 12 teams would be organized in four-team pools as follows:

To improve competitivity, this method is sometimes used in conjunction with the drawing of lots. The serpentine system is used only for some of the teams involved in the competition ("seeds"), and the rest are distributed in pools following a drawing of lots.
Joan Lacey Mazauskas
Joan Lacey Mazauskas (January 25, 1933 – April 23, 2003) was an American author and Republican Party politician.  She was the author of Mayday! Mayday! Eastern Airlines in a Tailspin! (1990). In 1977, Mazauskas sought the Republican nomination for State Senator in the 28th legislative district of New Jersey, where Democratic incumbent Martin L. Greenberg was seeking re-election to a second term.  The GOP primary included three candidates, each aligned with a different candidate for the Republican nomination for Governor: Joan Lacey Mazauskas ran with State Sen. Raymond Bateman, Rev. James A. Pindar ran on a line with Assembly Minority Leader Thomas Kean; and Rocco Clarizio was allied with former Senate Minority Leader C. Robert Sarcone.  Pindar defeated Mazauskas by just 207 votes, 1,482 (42.04%) to 1,275 (36.17%), while Clarizio ran a distant third with 768 votes (21.79%). Her husband, George Mazauskas, served as a Town Councilman in Irvington, New Jersey.

C. Robert Sarcone
Carmine Robert Sarcone (August 3, 1925 – January 12, 2020) was an American Republican Party politician. He served in both houses of the New Jersey State Legislature, and sought the Republican nomination for Governor of New Jersey in 1977.
Şahika Ercümen
Şahika Ercümen (born 16 January 1985) is a Turkish dietitian and world record holder free-diver.

Born on January 16, 1985, in Çanakkale, she was educated at the Gazi Primary School, and received a secondary education at the Milli Piyango Anatolian High School in her hometown. For her higher education, she moved to Ankara, and became a dietitian graduating from the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at Başkent University's Faculty of Health Sciences.

Her participation in underwater sports began with scuba diving and underwater rugby. For twelve years, she is interested in various branches of underwater sports, and is a member of four national teams since 2001. She participated with the underwater hockey, underwater rugby, underwater orienteering and free diving national teams in the World and European Championships.

Anatolian High School
Anatolian High School or Anadolu High School (Turkish: Anadolu Lisesi) refers to a category of public and private high schools in Turkey that typically admit students based on their scores from the nationwide standardized High School Entrance Exam (Turkish: Liselere Geçiş Sistemi, LGS). However, admission through examination is not required for all institutions under this designation.
Alexis Lewis
Alexis Lewis is an American inventor and public speaker. She is best known for her advocacy for invention education and her humanitarian inventions. She is known to have given talks at the White House, Smithsonian, SXSW, National Maker Faire, the 2018 Social Innovation Summit, as well as at TEDx events. Lewis also gained repeat standing as a finalist or winner in national and international science and invention fairs, including the 2012 Broadcom MASTERS Challenge. In the course of the Spark!Lab Invent It Challenge, Lewis won pro-bono patent counsel, and holds a patent on the "Rescue Travois", granted 2015 and has one pending, on the "Emergency Mask Pod".

Additionally, in 2019, Lewis served on the selection committee of Tool Foundry, a science tools accelerator, and in 2013, she served as a representative of LEGO Education at the 2013 FIRST World Championship.

For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology
For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology (FIRST) is an international youth organization that operates the FIRST Robotics Competition, FIRST Tech Challenge, FIRST Lego League Challenge, FIRST Lego League Explore, and FIRST Lego League Discover competitions. Founded by Dean Kamen and Woodie Flowers in 1989, its expressed goal is to develop ways to inspire students in engineering and technology fields. Its philosophy is expressed by the organization as Coopertition and Gracious Professionalism. FIRST also operates FIRST Place, a research facility at FIRST headquarters in Manchester, New Hampshire, where it holds educational programs and day camps for students and teachers.
Taiwan Ladies Open
The Taiwan Ladies Open was a professional golf tournament in Taiwan on the Ladies European Tour.

The 54-hole event was held at the par-72 Ta Shee Golf & Country Club in early March and played only in 2001.

2001 Ladies European Tour
The 2001 Ladies European Tour was a series of golf tournaments for elite female golfers from around the world, which took place from March through September 2001. The tournaments were sanctioned by the Ladies European Tour (LET).
Gordon Clifford (lyricist)
Gordon Clifford (1902–June 11, 1968) was an American lyricist who wrote music for Hollywood films in the 1930s. His best-known songs include Nacio Herb Brown's "Paradise", Alfred Newman's "Who Am I?" and Harry Barris's "It Must Be True" and "I Surrender Dear".

Clifford was born in Rhode Island and started studying the violin as a child. In the 1920s, he wrote lyrics for The Rhythm Boys when they were appearing at the Cocoanut Grove in Los Angeles. His first success as a songwriter came in the early 1930s, when Bing Crosby recorded "It Must Be True" and "I Surrender Dear" with Gus Arnheim's orchestra. The latter song has been recorded by many artists and is considered a jazz standard. Pola Negri sang Clifford and Nacio Herb Brown's "Paradise" in the 1931 film A Woman Commands. Although the film was unsuccessful, Bing Crosby's cover version of "Paradise" became a hit.

Clifford died in a traffic accident in Las Vegas on June 11, 1968.

Lyricist
A lyricist is a writer who writes lyrics (the spoken words), as opposed to a composer, who writes the song's music which may include (but is not limited to) the melody, harmony, arrangement and accompaniment.
Apusozoa
The Apusozoa are a paraphyletic phylum of flagellate eukaryotes. They are usually around 5–20 μm in size, and occur in soils and aquatic habitats, where they feed on bacteria. They are grouped together based on the presence of an organic shell or theca under the dorsal surface of the cell.

The name derives from the Ancient Greek words for footless (ἄπους) and animal (ζῷον).

This phylum was defined as containing the Breviata and the Apusomonadida. However, it is viewed as paraphyletic, with the Breviata as more basal. The opisthokonts appear to have emerged as sister of the Apusomonadida. It has been suggested that the Mantamonadida be classified in Apusozoa.

The Ancyromonadida appear to be Varisulca, Planomonadida, shifting them possibly more basal than the Amoebozoa, or less basal. While some classification systems have placed Hemimastigida in Apusozoa, 2018 research indicated that hemimastigotes (Hemimastix kukwesjijk/Hemimastix/Spironematellidae) are their own supra-kingdom.

Phylum
In biology, a phylum (/ˈfaɪləm/; pl.: phyla) is a level of classification, or taxonomic rank, that is below kingdom and above class. Traditionally, in botany the term division has been used instead of phylum, although the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants accepts the terms as equivalent. Depending on definitions, the animal kingdom Animalia contains about 32 phyla, the plant kingdom Plantae contains about 14 phyla, and the fungus kingdom Fungi contains about eight phyla. Current research in phylogenetics is uncovering the relationships among phyla within larger clades like Ecdysozoa and Embryophyta.
Sling (implant)
In surgery, a sling is an implant that is intended to provide additional support to a particular tissue. It usually consists of a synthetic mesh material in the shape of a narrow ribbon but sometimes a biomaterial (bovine or porcine) or the patient’s own tissue. The ends are usually attached to a fixed body part such as the skeleton.

Skeleton
A skeleton is the structural frame that supports the body of most animals. There are several types of skeletons, including the exoskeleton, which is a rigid outer shell that holds up an organism's shape; the endoskeleton, a rigid internal frame to which the organs and soft tissues attach; and the hydroskeleton, a flexible internal structure supported by the hydrostatic pressure of body fluids.

Vertebrates are animals with an endoskeleton centered around an axial vertebral column, and their skeletons are typically composed of bones and cartilages. Invertebrates are other animals that lack a vertebral column, and their skeletons vary, including hard-shelled exoskeleton (arthropods and most molluscs), plated internal shells (e.g. cuttlebones in some cephalopods) or rods (e.g. ossicles in echinoderms), hydrostatically supported body cavities (most), and spicules (sponges). Cartilage is a rigid connective tissue that is found in the skeletal systems of vertebrates and invertebrates.
Idaksahak people
The Dawsahak people, Idaksahak (var.: Daoussahak, Dahoussahak, Dausahaq, Daosahaq, Daoussahaq, Daoussak, Dawsahaq) are pastoralist Berbers centered on Ménaka and Inékar town in Ménaka Region and Talataye in Ansongo Cercle of the Gao Region of northeastern Mali. They speak the Northern Songhai language Tadaksahak. Many also speak Western Tawallammat Tamajaq language, the Tuareg language of southern Gao. Daoussahak appears to be the most common transliteration of the collective name among French and English academics.

Tuareg languages
Tuareg (English:  /ˈtwɑːrɛɡ/), also known as Tamasheq (English:  /ˈtæməʃɛk/), Tamajaq or Tamahaq (Tifinagh: ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵌⴰⵆ), is a group of closely related Berber varieties. They are spoken by the Tuareg Berbers in large parts of Mali, Niger, Algeria, Libya, and Burkina Faso, with a few speakers, the Kinnin, in Chad.