hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ingush okrug
Ingush okrug was a district (okrug) of the Terek Oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The area of the Ingushskiy okrug made up part of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia.

Established in 1862 as a military district of the Terek Oblast, it existed for approximately 9 years. In 1865 the Karabulakskiy Uchastok was abolished due to the resettlement of the majority of its population (Karabulaks). In 1867, two societies, Merzhoy and Akkins, were ceded to the neighboring Argunskiy Okrug. Finally, in 1871, Ingushskiy Okrug was combined with the Ossetinskiy okrug into a new district, Vladikavkazsky okrug.

Okrug
An okrug is a type of administrative division in some Slavic-speaking states. The word okrug is a loanword in English, alternatively translated as area, district, county, or region.

Etymologically, okrug literally means 'circuit', derived from Proto-Slavic *okrǫgъ, in turn from *ob- "around" + *krǫgъ "circle". In meaning, the word is similar to the German term Bezirk or Kreis ('district') and the French word arrondissement; all of which refer to something "encircled" or "surrounded".
Hee Loy Sian
Hee Loy Sian (simplified Chinese: 许来贤; traditional Chinese: 許來賢; pinyin: Xǔ Láixián; born 18 June 1970) is a Malaysian politician who has served as Chairman of the Solid Waste and Public Cleansing Management Corporation (SWCorp) since January 2024. He served as Member of the Selangor State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Pakatan Harapan (PH) state administration under Menteris Besar Azmin Ali and Amirudin Shari and Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Kajang from May 2018 to August 2023 as well as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Petaling Jaya Selatan from March 2008 to May 2018. He is a member of the People's Justice Party (PKR), a component party of the PH and formerly Pakatan Rakyat (PR) coalitions.

Pakatan Rakyat
Pakatan Rakyat (PR; English: People's Alliance) was an informal Malaysian political coalition and successor to Barisan Alternatif (BA). The political coalition was formed by the People's Justice Party (PKR), Democratic Action Party (DAP), and Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) on 1 April 2008, after the 12th Malaysian general election, having previously formed the Barisan Alternatif (Alternative Front) in the 10th general election. On 20 April 2010, the Sarawak National Party (SNAP) officially joined as a member of the Pakatan Rakyat after being expelled from Barisan Nasional, but quit the coalition on 6 May 2011. The DAP declared the coalition "dead" on 16 June 2015, citing the inability of the rest of the alliance to work with PAS, after PAS's congress passed the motion to sever ties with DAP without debate. It was succeeded by Pakatan Harapan and Gagasan Sejahtera.
Philip Stenmalm
Philip Stenmalm (born 3 March 1992) is a Swedish handball player who plays for Ystads IF and the Swedish national team.

At the 2013 Men's Junior World Handball Championship he was chosen as MVP. He competed at the 2016 European Men's Handball Championship.

He is the older brother of fellow handball player Elliot Stenmalm.

2016 European Men's Handball Championship
The 2016 EHF European Men's Handball Championship was the twelfth edition and was held for the first time in Poland from 15–31 January 2016. Croatia and Norway were the other applicants in the bidding process.

Poland was awarded the championship on the EHF Congress in Monaco on 23 June 2012 with 58% votes.

Germany won their second title by beating Spain 24–17 in the final. Croatia captured the bronze medal after defeating Norway 31–24.
Bird food plants
Bird food plants are certain trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants bearing fruits which afford food for birds. These have been discovered by observation, and by the scientific examination of the contents of birds' stomachs. By planting those species, therefore, which have been proved most desirable and that are suited to the climate and soil of the chosen location, birds can be attracted to the vicinity of dwelling houses or to any other desired spot as a copse or shrubbery, or, on the other hand, lured away from valuable orchards, since they appear to like best arid, bitter, sour or aromatic fruits, distasteful to human beings, even better than the cultivated kinds.

Many of these bird-attracting plants are ornamental as well, since many have pretty fruits, red in color and often clinging to their branches far into the winter, furnishing grateful additions to the meager fare of hard-weather birds.

Holly
Ilex (/ˈaɪlɛks/) or holly is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. Ilex has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. The species are evergreen or deciduous trees, shrubs, and climbers from tropics to temperate zones worldwide. The type species is Ilex aquifolium, the common European holly used in Christmas decorations and cards.
Feinstein AK Mag
The Feinstein AK Mag is a 3D printed magazine for the AK-47 rifle. It was created by Defense Distributed and made public in March 2013. The magazine was created using a Stratasys Dimension SST 3-D printer via the fused deposition modeling (FDM) method.

It is a 30-round 7.62×39 AK-47 magazine. It is named after Dianne Feinstein, a congresswoman who has introduced gun control bills in the US Congress. Cody Wilson, the founder of Defense Distributed, said the magazine's name is a symbol of what's happening in congress and reflects Defense Distributed's belief the proposed ban on assault weapons by Dianne Feinstein will fail. The original prototype was able to withstand 60 rounds before it began to crack.

Cody Wilson
Cody Rutledge Wilson (born January 31, 1988) is an American gun rights activist and crypto-anarchist. He started Defense Distributed, a non-profit organization which develops and publishes open source gun designs, so-called "wiki weapons" created by  3D printing and digital manufacture. Defense Distributed gained international notoriety in 2013 when it published plans online for the Liberator, the first widely available functioning 3D-printed pistol.
Vijay C Chakravarthy
Vijay K. Chakravarthi is an Indian film cinematographer, known for his works predominantly in the Telugu cinema. He has worked for Bommarillu, Parugu, Mr. Perfect, and Nannaku Prematho.

He was nominated for the SIIMA Award for Best Cinematographer (Telugu), at the 1st SIIMA, for his work in Mr. Perfect.

1st South Indian International Movie Awards
The 1st South Indian International Movie Awards were presented on 21–22 June 2012, in Dubai, UAE, to honour the best cinematic achievements of the South Indian film industry in 2011. Producing films in four Dravidian languages of South India, professionals were handed over a total of 71 Awards. The ceremony was hosted by R. Madhavan and Lakshmi Manchu at the Dubai World Trade Centre, while the "Generation Next Awards Night" was hosted by Parvathy Omanakuttan and held a day before at Park Hyatt on 21 June 2023

Nominated by a jury, the final winners were decided by a public voting system. The most successful film was Dookudu, which fetched eight Awards in total.
Poa arida
Poa arida is a species of grass known by the common names plains bluegrass and prairie speargrass. It is native to North America, where it occurs throughout western and central Canada and the central United States. It is most common east of the Continental Divide; specimens west are often misidentifications.

This perennial grass grows up to 80 centimeters tall. The inflorescence is usually compact, its spikelets containing 3 to 7 flowers each. The grass sometimes has rhizomes. It grows in tufts or clumps or sometimes solitary. It reproduces by seed and by rhizome.

The grass grows in many types of habitat in the Rocky Mountains, the Colorado Plateau, the Great Plains, and other adjacent regions. It can be found in grassland, sagebrush, shrubsteppe, and prairie. It can be found in alpine climates and saltgrass plant communities. The northern limit of its distribution is in northern Alberta.

Distichlis spicata
Distichlis spicata is a species of grass known by several common names, including seashore saltgrass, inland saltgrass, and desert saltgrass. This grass is native to the Americas, where it is widespread. It can be found on other continents as well, where it is naturalized. It is extremely salt tolerant.
HMS Nonsuch (1915)
HMS Nonsuch was a Repeat Admiralty M-class destroyer that served in the Royal Navy during the First World War. The M class was an improvement on those of the preceding L class, capable of higher speed. Originally laid down as HMS Narcissus but renamed before being launched in 1915, Nonsuch joined the Twelfth Destroyer Flotilla of the Grand Fleet. During the Battle of Jutland in 1916, after being attacked by the light cruisers of the German High Seas Fleet, the warship rescued the damaged destroyer Acasta. The vessel formed part of the screen for the dreadnought battleships of the First Battle Squadron during the Second Battle of Heligoland Bight in 1917. In both actions, the destroyer reported no hits. After the Armistice that ended the war, Nonsuch was initially put in reserve and then sold in 1921 to be broken up.

Royal Navy during the First World War
The Royal Navy during the First World War entered the conflict as the world's most powerful fleet, maintaining British naval supremacy since the victory at Trafalgar in 1805. However, the war brought unprecedented challenges and setbacks for the Royal Navy. At the pivotal Battle of Jutland in 1916, the Navy suffered its first major fleet defeat since Trafalgar, shaking confidence in its unassailable dominance. The Royal Navy also faced serious difficulties countering the German U-boat threat, leading to heavy shipping losses and a critical failure to provide adequate convoys and escorts in the war’s early years. Strategic ambitions were further frustrated by the unsuccessful Dardanelles Campaign of 1915, an attempt to force open a sea route to Russia which ended in failure and heavy losses. Meanwhile, the conflict saw the advent of the airplane in naval warfare, introducing new reconnaissance and combat roles that began to reshape naval strategy and operations.
Glacier Lake (Custer County, Idaho)
Glacier Lake is an alpine lake in Custer County, Idaho, United States, located in the White Cloud Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area.  While no trails lead to the lake, it can be accessed from Sawtooth National Forest trail 047.

Glacier Lake is  northeast of Merriam Peak and upstream of Baker Lake, Cornice, Emerald, Quiet, Noisy, and Rock Lakes.

Merriam Peak (Idaho)
Merriam Peak, at 10,920 feet (3,330 m) is one of the peaks of the White Cloud Mountains of Custer County, Idaho.  It was named for John H. Merriam who played an instrumental role in protecting the area from being mined for molybdenum.  Merriam Peak is located in the middle of the range just north of Castle Peak, the highest point in the range. The peak is located in the White Clouds roadless area of Sawtooth National Recreation Area.

Merriam Peak is in the watershed of Little Boulder Creek, which is a tributary of the East Fork of the Salmon River. Castle Lake is at the peak's southern base, separating it from Castle Peak. Baker Lake is east of the peak, while Noisy and Quiet lakes are north and west of the peak, respectively.
László Szabó (handballer, born 1955)
László Szabó (September 21, 1955 – November 29, 2017) was a Hungarian handball player who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics and in the 1988 Summer Olympics. In 1980 he was part of the Hungarian team which finished fourth in the Olympic tournament. He played all six matches and scored 13 goals. Eight years later he finished again fourth with the Hungarian team in the 1988 Olympic tournament. He played four matches and scored nine goals.

Handball at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Handball at the 1980 Summer Olympics was represented by 2 events - a men's and a women's team competitions. They were held in two venues: in the Sokolniki Sports Palace (central part of Moscow) and in the Dynamo Sports Palace at Khimki-Khovrino (north-eastern part of Moscow). The schedule began on July 20 and ended on July 30.
100,493 spectators watched 51 matches of handball events at venues, mentioned above.
Pseudolikelihood
In statistical theory, a pseudolikelihood is an approximation to the  joint probability distribution of a collection of random variables. The practical use of this is that it can provide an approximation to the likelihood function of a set of observed data which may either provide a computationally simpler problem for estimation, or may provide a way of obtaining explicit estimates of model parameters.

The pseudolikelihood approach was introduced by Julian Besag in the context of analysing data having spatial dependence.

Likelihood function
A likelihood function (often simply called the likelihood) measures how well a statistical model explains observed data by calculating the probability of seeing that data under different parameter values of the model. It is constructed from the joint probability distribution of the random variable that (presumably) generated the observations. When evaluated on the actual data points, it becomes a function solely of the model parameters.

In maximum likelihood estimation, the model parameter(s) or argument that maximizes the likelihood function serves as a point estimate for the unknown parameter, while the Fisher information (often approximated by the likelihood's Hessian matrix at the maximum) gives an indication of the estimate's precision.

In contrast, in Bayesian statistics, the estimate of interest is the converse of the likelihood, the so-called posterior probability of the parameter given the observed data, which is calculated via Bayes' rule.
Ardath, Missouri
Ardath is an extinct town in Barton County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The GNIS classifies it as a populated place.

A post office called Ardath was established in 1913, and closed in 1914. Ardath was the name of a novel by Marie Corelli.

Marie Corelli
Mary Mackay (1 May 1855 – 21 April 1924), also called Minnie Mackey and known by her pseudonym Marie Corelli (/kəˈrɛli/, also UK: /kɒˈ-/, US: /kɔːˈ-, koʊˈ-/), was an English novelist.

From the appearance of her first novel A Romance of Two Worlds in 1886, she became a bestselling fiction-writer, her works were largely concerned with Christianity, reincarnation, astral projection and mysticism. Yet despite her many distinguished patrons, she was often ridiculed by critics. Corelli lived her later years in Stratford-upon-Avon, whose historic buildings she fought hard to preserve.
Donje, Maharashtra
Donje is a village in the Haveli taluka of Pune district in Maharashtra State, India. Tanaji Malusare Path (Sinhagad Road), which starts at Sarasbaug junction, terminates at Sinhagad Fort or Paitha at Donje village. It is at a distance of 30 km from Pune city and 5 km from Khadakwasla Dam.

Sinhagad
Sinhagad (also known as the Lion's Fort) is an ancient hill fortress located at around 28 kilometres southwest of the city of Pune, India. Previously known as Kondhana, the fort has been the site of many battles, most notably the Battle of Sinhagad in 1670.

The fort is a popular weekend destination for the residents of Pune. A road directly leads up to the summit of the fort. Hikers can get access to the summit from the base of the fort, with the trek involving a one-way walk of 2.7 km (1.6 miles), gaining approximately 600 metres (1950 feet) in elevation. Shared taxi services to the base as well as the summit are also available.
TextMate
TextMate is a free and open-source general-purpose GUI text editor for macOS created by Allan Odgaard. TextMate features declarative customizations, tabs for open documents, recordable macros, folding sections, snippets, shell integration, and an extensible bundle system.

Apple Design Awards
The Apple Design Awards (ADAs) is an event hosted by Apple Inc. at its annual Worldwide Developers Conference. The purpose of the event is to recognize the best and most innovative Macintosh and iOS software and hardware produced by independent developers, as well as the best and most creative uses of Apple's products. The ADAs are awarded in categories that vary each year. The awards have been presented annually since 1997. For the first two years of their existence, they were known as the "Human Interface Design Excellence Awards" (HIDE Awards).

Since 2003, the physical award given to those recognized at the awards event bore an Apple logo that would glow when touched. The trophy is a 3.9 in (9.9 cm) long aluminum cube which weighs 55.5 oz (1.57 kg). These were engineered and built by Sparkfactor Design.
Alison Owings
Alison Owings (born June 17, 1944) is an American oral historian, journalist, and author. She is the author of Frauen: German Women Recall the Third Reich (1993), Hey, Waitress! The USA from the Other Side of the Tray (2002), Indian Voices: Listening to Native Americans (2011), and Mayor of the Tenderloin: Del Seymour's Journey from Living on the Streets to Fighting Homelessness in San Francisco (2024). Her work has been published by Rutgers University Press, the University of California Press, Heyday, and Beacon Press, and has been reviewed in outlets including The New York Times and the San Francisco Chronicle.

Beacon Press
Beacon Press is an American left-wing non-profit book publisher. Founded in 1854 by the American Unitarian Association, it is currently a department of the Unitarian Universalist Association. It is known for publishing authors such as James Baldwin, Mary Oliver, Martin Luther King Jr., and Viktor Frankl, as well as The Pentagon Papers.
Quorn, Leicestershire
Quorn (/kwɔːrn/) is a village and civil parish in Leicestershire, England, near the university town of Loughborough. Its name was shortened from Quorndon in 1889, to avoid postal difficulties owing to its similarity to the name of another village, Quarndon, in neighbouring Derbyshire.

Rosemary Conley
Rosemary Jean Neil Conley CBE, DL (née Weston, 19 December 1946) is an English businesswoman, author and broadcaster on exercise and health. Conley authored a low-fat diet and exercise programme, The Hip & Thigh Diet in 1988, which sold more than two million copies. However, her spot theory of fat reduction which claims people can lose fat specifically from the hips and thighs has no scientific basis.
Demephion
Demephion is an organothiophosphate insecticide.  It is a mixture of two closely related structural isomers demephion-O and demephion-S.

Demephion-S is listed as an extremely hazardous substance according to the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act.

Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act
The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 is a United States federal law passed by the 99th United States Congress located at Title 42, Chapter 116 of the U.S. Code, concerned with emergency response preparedness.

On October 17, 1986, President Ronald Reagan signed into law the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA). This act amended the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), commonly known as Superfund.

A free-standing law, the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 (EPCRA) was commonly known as SARA Title III. Its purpose is to encourage and support emergency planning efforts at the state and local levels and to provide the public and local governments with information concerning potential chemical hazards present in their communities.
William Wightman (died 1580)
William Wightman (by 1517 – 1580) was an English politician.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Midhurst in 1547, Wilton in March 1553, 1563 and 1571; Poole in April 1554, Carmarthen Boroughs in 1555, and Ludgershall in  1559.

Ludgershall (UK Parliament constituency)
Ludgershall was a parliamentary borough in Wiltshire, England, which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1295 until 1832, when the borough was abolished by the Great Reform Act.

Ludgershall is a town 16 miles (26 km) north-east of Salisbury. The population was 535 in 1831.
Second inauguration of Ali Bongo
The second inauguration of Ali Bongo Ondimba for his second seven-year term as the third president of Gabon occurred on 27 September 2016 after the August 2016 presidential election. This was the second time Ali Bongo took the oath after he was first sworn into office on 16 October 2016.

The inauguration took place despite the violence and tension in the country after Bongo won the election on a thin margin of only 6000 votes. The opposition, led by Jean Ping, denounced the election results as fraudulent. The inauguration was kept low key to prevent any violence between the two parties.

President of Gabon
The president of Gabon (French: Président du Gabon) is the head of state and government of Gabon. A total of four people have served as president (not counting the collective head of state, one disputed president, three acting presidents and one transitional president) since the post was formed in 1960. Since 2025 the prime minister office has been abolished, and now the president is the leader of the executive government and the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.

The current president, Brice Oligui Nguema, took power in a coup on 30 August 2023 from Ali Bongo. He was eventually elected to the presidency in the 2025 presidential election.
Murmyshia obscuria
Murmyshia obscuria is a species of moth in the family Erebidae. As of June 2024, it has only been found in the northern part of the Malay Peninsula, or more specifically the Taninthayeryi Region of Myanmar.

Tanintharyi Region
Tanintharyi Region, formerly Tenasserim Division and Tanintharyi Division, is a region of Myanmar, covering the long narrow southern part of the country on the northern Malay Peninsula, reaching to the Kra Isthmus. It borders the Andaman Sea to the west and the Tenasserim Hills, beyond which lie Thailand, to the east. To the north is the Mon State. There are many islands off the coast, the large Mergui Archipelago in the southern and central coastal areas and the smaller Moscos Islands off the northern shores. The capital of the division is Dawei (Tavoy). Other important cities include Myeik (Mergui) and Kawthaung. The division covers an area of 43,344.9 square kilometres (16,735.6 sq mi), and had a population of 1,406,434 at the 2014 Census.
Sardarpur Jhandir
Sardarpur Jhandir (Urdu: سردارپور جھنڈیر) is a town in Mailsi, Vehari District, Punjab (Pakistan). It is located at 29°46′24″N 72°01′18″E﻿ / ﻿29.77333°N 72.02167°E﻿ / 29.77333; 72.02167 and an altitude of 130 meters.

Sardarpur Jhandir is a town situated 9.5 km in North East of Gahi Mammar. Dunyapur is located to its west. Mailsi is located to the east, well-known for its cotton crops and siphon at Sutlej river. Sardarpur Jhandir is a town of Mailsi, having Masood Jhandir Research Library, the largest private library in Pakistan.

Gahi Mammar
Gahi Mammar (Urdu: گاہی ممڑ) is a town in the Kahror Pakka located on Rao Muhammad Farooq Road in Lodhran District, at the time of partition it was agricultural land, few mahajir families migrated and settled here among which Rao and Mayo families who migrated from Mewat District and Haryana. It is located at an altitude of 130 meters. Gahi Mammar, its localities and subtowns comprise a population of around 20,000. 
Gahi Mammar is a town situated 18 km in North East of Kahror Pakka. Dunyapur is located to its west. There's Mailsi to its east, well known for its cotton crops and siphon at Sutlej river. Gahi Mammer is a town of Kahror Pakka, having a High School for Boys and a Middle School for Girls and also a Basic Health Unit Hospital.