hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Indian Military Historical Society
The Indian Military Historical Society (IMHS) was an organisation and learned society formed in 1983 to bring together those interested in the military history of the Indian Subcontinent and to encourage research and the exchange of information. Their research covered a broad spectrum ranging from aspects of general military history, to specific battles or campaigns, to the history of service units engaged in India, including details of uniforms, medals, badges, buttons and other militaria. It was based primarily in the United Kingdom, but with a wide membership extending to the British Commonwealth and several other countries around the world. The IMHS merged into the MHS in 2020 and a digitised copy of the entire run of Durbar, their quarterly publication, is fully searchable through the MHS website, with a limited stock of back numbers also available.

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
1997 European Indoors – Singles
Lindsay Davenport defeated Nathalie Tauziat in the final, 7–6, 7–5 to win the singles tennis title at the 1996 European Indoor Championships.

Jana Novotná was the defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Davenport.

Nathalie Tauziat
Nathalie Tauziat (born 17 October 1967) is a French former professional tennis player and coach. She was the runner-up in women's singles at the 1998 Wimbledon Championships and runner-up in the women's doubles at the 2001 US Open partnering  Kimberly Po-Messerli. She reached a career-high ranking of world No. 3 in both singles and doubles.

She previously coached Canadian tennis player Bianca Andreescu and compatriot Harmony Tan, and currently coaches Victoria Mboko.
King Cuo of Zhongshan
King Cuo of Zhongshan (reigned 327–309 BC) was the fifth ruler of the state of Zhongshan during the Warring States period in ancient China. He reigned for 15 years. In 323 BC, he styled himself "king" along with the rulers of Han, Wei, Yan and Zhao, becoming the first ruler of Zhongshan to do so.

As the son of Duke Cheng of Zhongshan, he inherited the state from his father and expanded it to its peak size. He attacked Yan to the north and Zhao to the south and expanded his territory to nearly double what he inherited. His new gains from Zhao broke the state of Zhao into two pieces, North and South, providing the justification for the state of Zhao to seek to destroy Zhongshan.

Wei (state)
Wei (/weɪ/; Chinese: 魏; pinyin: Wèi) was one of the seven major states during the Warring States period of ancient China. It was created from the three-way Partition of Jin, together with Han and Zhao. Its territory lay between the states of Qin and Qi and included parts of modern-day Henan, Hebei, Shanxi, and Shandong. After its capital was moved from Anyi to Daliang (present-day Kaifeng) during the reign of King Hui, Wei was also called Liang (Chinese: 梁; pinyin: Liáng).

It should not to be confused with the smaller central Wey state 衞, which is still sometimes only differentiated by its Chinese character.
Battle of Selinus
The Battle of Selinus, which took place early in 409 BC, is the opening  battle of the so-called Second Sicilian War. The ten-day-long siege and battle was fought in Sicily between the Carthaginian forces under Hannibal Mago (a king of Carthage of the Magonid family, not the famous Hannibal of the Barcid family) and the Dorian Greeks of Selinus. The city of Selinus had defeated the Elymian city of Segesta in 415, an event that led to the Athenian invasion of Sicily in 415 and ended in the defeat of Athenian forces in 413. When Selinus again worsted Segesta in 411, Carthage, responding to the appeal of Segesta, had besieged and sacked Selinus after the Carthaginian offer of negotiations had been refused by the Greeks. This was the first step towards Hannibal's campaign to avenge the Carthaginian defeat at the first battle of Himera in 480. The city of Selinus was later rebuilt, but never regained her former status.

Mazaro
The Mazaro (Italian: [ˈmaddzaro]; sometimes spelt as Màzaro) is a river in Sicily, Italy.

The Mazaro river flows 28 kilometres (17 mi) across south-western Sicily, from its source in Rapicaldo, located within the Salemi city boundaries, to the Mediterranean Sea in Mazara del Vallo.

Mazaro is a historically important river which has provided water and farming for the people living around it for centuries. The Greeks and Muslims used the river for water to supply their armies in Sicily. The river is shallow. It is connected to the Mediterranean Sea.
Blue Shadows
"Blue Shadows" is a 1950 single by Lowell Fulson, featuring Lloyd Glenn at the "88".  The single was Lowell Fulson's biggest hit on the R&B chart, hitting number one for one week. The B-side, "Low Society Blues", peaked at number eight.

Lowell Fulson
Lowell Fulson (March 31, 1921 – March 7, 1999) was an American blues guitarist and songwriter, in the West Coast blues tradition. He also recorded for contractual reasons as Lowell Fullsom and Lowell Fulsom. After T-Bone Walker, he was the most important figure in West Coast blues in the 1940s and 1950s.
Sugar Bowl Stakes
The Sugar Bowl Stakes is an American race for Thoroughbred horses run near Christmas at the Fair Grounds Race Course in New Orleans, Louisiana. Set at a distance of six furlongs on the dirt for two-year-olds, the Sugar Bowl currently offers a purse of $100,000.

Although it is an ungraded event, it is still considered a prep to the Kentucky Derby, albeit a minor one.

Robby Albarado
Robby J. Albarado (born September 11, 1973) is an American Thoroughbred horse racing jockey. He began riding at the age of 10 and progressed to riding at bush tracks in his native Louisiana by the age of 12. After turning professional, he earned his first official win at Evangeline Downs in 1990. Since then, he has won more than 5,000 races, but his career has endured setbacks as a result of serious injuries. During 1998 and 1999, he suffered two skull fractures, one of which required doctors to replace a damaged portion of his skull with titanium mesh and polymer plate. Another serious accident in the fall of 2000 kept him out of racing for the better part of 2001.
Malak (surname)
Malak is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jonah Malak, Canadian documentary filmmaker, producer and editor

Hedaya Malak (born 1993), Egyptian taekwondo practitioner

Rima Abdul Malak (born 1979), French politician

Waldemar Malak (1970  1992), weightlifter from Poland

Rima Abdul Malak
Rima Abdul Malak (Arabic: ريما عبد الملك; born 11 February 1979) is a French politician who served as Minister of Culture in the government of Prime Minister Élisabeth Borne from May 2022 to January 2024.
26th Hong Kong Film Awards
Ceremony for the 26th Hong Kong Film Awards was held on 15 April 2007 in the Hong Kong Cultural Centre and hosted by Bowie Tsang, Nick Cheung and Lam Chi-chung. Twenty-six winners in nineteen categories were unveiled, with film After This Our Exile being the year's biggest winner. The ceremony also featured performances by Jay Chou, Eason Chan, Alive and Jane Zhang.

The nominees were announced on 1 February 2007. Over a hundred nominees contested for seventeen categories of awards. The front runners were Curse of the Golden Flower and After This Our Exile, with fourteen and ten nominations respectively.

Hong Kong Cultural Centre
The Hong Kong Cultural Centre (HKCC, Chinese: 香港文化中心) is a public multipurpose performance facility in Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong. Located at Salisbury Road, it was built by the former Urban Council and, since 2000, has been administered by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department of the Hong Kong Government. A wide variety of cultural performances are held here.
Attempts at reconciliation in Somalia (1991–2004)
Many factions opposed to Siad Barre set aside tribal and political differences to unite in purpose to overthrow his regime. After the collapse of Siad Barre's government in 1991 the nation fell into a long period of increasingly chaotic conflict between forces of clans, militias, warlords, separatist, religious functions and rebellion movements, other nations, and even the United Nations peacekeepers.

The powers that overthrew Siad Barre were composed of various clan-predominated factions, from the Hawiye-based United Somali Congress (USC), the Isaaq-based Somali National Movement (SNM), the Ogadeni-based Somali Patriotic Movement (SPM), and the Majerteen-based Somali Salvation Democratic Front (SSDF).

Somali Patriotic Movement
Somali Patriotic Movement (SPM, Somali: Dhaqdhaqaaqa Wadaniga Soomaaliyeed, Arabic: الحركة الوطنية الصومالية) was a major Political and Military faction during the early years of the Somali Civil War. It was founded and commanded by Colonel Ahmed omar Jess And Bashir Bililiqo,  The group was based in what is presently Jubaland region.
Museum of Comic Art
The Museum of Comic Art (MoCA) in Noordwijk, The Netherlands, is an international art museum that specializes in original artwork by European and U.S. comic book and newspaper comic artists. Its primary focus are original comic strips and comic book pages by influential artists such as Winsor McCay, Richard Outcault, Hergé, André Franquin, Jijé, Peyo and Morris. There are new exhibitions every summer and winter.

The museum opened its first exhibition, European Masters of Comic Art for Friends of MoCA on November 28, 2020. After the second COVID-19 lockdown around that time, the museum eventually opened its doors to the general public on 9 June 2021. The opening day received a lot of positive attention in the Dutch press.
 while the renovation was reviewed in De Architect.

André Franquin
André Franquin (French: [fʁɑ̃kɛ̃]; 3 January 1924 – 5 January 1997) was an influential Belgian comics artist, whose best-known creations are Gaston and Marsupilami. He also produced the Spirou et Fantasio comic strip from 1946 to 1968, a period seen by many as the series' golden age.
Sex Sent Me to the ER
Sex Sent Me to the ER is an American reality television series aired on TLC that premiered on December 28, 2013. The show features actors who reenact various real-life accidents that occurred during sex. A preview reported on by the New York Post included segments on a 440-pound man who put his 110-pound girlfriend's head through a wall, and a man who broke his penis while having sex with his wife and his girlfriend (who subsequently fought in the emergency room). Samuel Ratsch, who would later become a professional wrestler for AEW under the name Darby Allin, would fabricate a story for the show saying that he had sex with a woman in the woods before rolling onto a bee's nest.

TLC (TV network)
TLC is an American premium multinational cable and satellite television network owned by the Networks division of Warner Bros. Discovery. First established in 1980 as The Learning Channel, it initially focused on educational and instructional programming. By the late 1990s, after an acquisition by Discovery, Inc. earlier in the decade, the network began to pivot towards reality television programming—predominantly focusing on programming involving lifestyles and personal stories—to the point that the previous name with "The Learning Channel" spelled out was phased out in favor of its initialism.

As of November 2023, with its programming primarily dedicated to the nine-series 90 Day Fiancé universe, comprising 31% of the shows carried by the channel, TLC is available to approximately 71,000,000 pay television households in the United States—down from its 2011 peak of 100,000,000 households.
William Dudley (bishop)
William Dudley (died 1483) was Dean of Windsor and then Bishop of Durham.

Born William Sutton, of Dudley, he was a younger son of John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley. He was made a canon of St George's Chapel, Windsor and Dean of the Chapel Royal in 1471 and elevated to Dean of Windsor in 1473, a position which he held with that of Dean of Wolverhampton: thereafter the two posts were customarily held by the same man.

Dudley was nominated to Durham on 31 July 1476 and was consecrated between 1 September and 12 October 1476. In 1483 he supported Richard, Duke of Gloucester, the future King Richard III, in his bid for the Throne of England. In the last months of his life he was Chancellor of Oxford University. Dudley died on 29 November 1483.

Throne of England
The Throne of England is the throne of the Monarch of England. "Throne of England" also refers metonymically to the office of monarch, and monarchy itself. The term "Throne of Great Britain" has been used in reference to Sovereign's Throne in the House of Lords, from which a monarch gives his or her speech at the State opening of Parliament.
Martingale central limit theorem
In probability theory, the central limit theorem says that, under certain conditions, the sum of many independent identically-distributed random variables, when scaled appropriately, converges in distribution to a standard normal distribution.  The martingale central limit theorem generalizes this result for random variables to martingales, which are stochastic processes where the change in the value of the process from time t to time t + 1 has expectation zero, even conditioned on previous outcomes.

Expected value
In probability theory, the expected value (also called expectation, expectancy, expectation operator, mathematical expectation, mean, expectation value, or first moment) is a generalization of the weighted average.

The expected value of a random variable with a finite number of outcomes is a weighted average of all possible outcomes. In the case of a continuum of possible outcomes, the expectation is defined by integration. In the axiomatic foundation for probability provided by measure theory, the expectation is given by Lebesgue integration.

The expected value of a random variable X is often denoted by , , or , with E also often stylized as ,  or E.
Oldsmobile Expression
The Oldsmobile Expression was a 1990 concept vehicle built by Oldsmobile. The Expression was a 4-door wagon that featured fiberglass exterior panels and 6 passenger (2+2+2) seating. Among other features showcased were: rain-sensing windshield wipers, in-car vacuum cleaner, TV/VCR with a built in Nintendo Entertainment System, and unique four-wheel steering.

Vacuum cleaner
A vacuum cleaner, also known simply as a vacuum (or a hoover in the UK), is a device that uses suction, and often agitation, in order to remove dirt and other debris from carpets, hard floors, and other surfaces.

The dirt is collected into a dust bag or a plastic bin. Vacuum cleaners, which are used in homes as well as in commercial settings, exist in a variety of sizes and types, including stick vacuums, handheld vacuums, upright vacuums, and canister vacuums. Specialized shop vacuums can be used to clean both solid debris and liquids.
Santa Anita District
Santa Anita is a district of the Lima Province in Peru. It is part of city of Lima.
Officially established as a district on October 25, 1989, from parts of Ate and El Agustino separated by the Rio Surco, a ditch which went all the way to Santiago de Surco.

The current mayor (alcalde) of Santa Anita is Olimpio Alegría Calderón. The district's postal code is 43.
The core sections of Santa Anita are: Santa Anita proper, originally a section of Ate; and Los Ficus and Universal, originally sections of El Agustino. Industrial areas to the east of Santa Anita and Universal mark the boundary with Ate.

Postal code
A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, PIN or ZIP Code) is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail.

As of August 2021, the Universal Postal Union lists 160 countries which require the use of a postal code.

Although postal codes are usually assigned to geographical areas, special codes are sometimes assigned to individual addresses or to institutions that receive large volumes of mail, such as government agencies and large commercial companies. One example is the French CEDEX system.
Aaron Peskin
Aaron Dan Peskin (born June 17, 1964) is an American former elected official in San Francisco, California. He was a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors representing District 3 from 2001 to 2009, and again from 2015 to 2025.

District 3 includes the neighborhoods of North Beach, Chinatown, Telegraph Hill, North Waterfront, Financial District, Nob Hill, Union Square, Maiden Lane, Polk Gulch and part of Russian Hill.

At the end of his second set of two terms as Supervisor, Peskin ran as a candidate in the 2024 San Francisco mayoral election, where he placed third behind incumbent mayor London Breed and winner Daniel Lurie.

During his tenure on the Board of Supervisors, Peskin has been known both as a "neighborhood preservationist" by supporters or as a "NIMBY" by critics, as he has regularly sought to block new housing and other developments.

Maiden Lane (San Francisco)
37°47′17.23″N 122°24′21.67″W﻿ / ﻿37.7881194°N 122.4060194°W﻿ / 37.7881194; -122.4060194Maiden Lane is a pedestrian mall located in San Francisco, California, United States. A former section of the city's red light district, Maiden Lane is now home to high-end boutiques and art galleries. The street also serves as the location of San Francisco's only Frank Lloyd Wright designed building.
International Independent Group of Eminent Persons
The International Independent Group of Eminent Persons, abbreviated to IIGEP, was a group of individuals nominated by international donor countries and the government of Sri Lanka in 2006, vested with a wide mandate to observe all investigations and inquiries conducted by and on behalf of the Commission of Inquiry into alleged human rights abuses in Sri Lanka.

Yozo Yokota
Yozo Yokota (Japanese: 横田洋三, romanized: Yokota Yōzo; 17 October 1940 – 12 June 2019) was a professor of Law who acted as the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights in Myanmar from 1992 to 1996.
Regnal title
A regnal title is the title held by a monarch while in office. Monarchs can have various titles, including king or queen, prince or princess (Sovereign Prince of Monaco), emperor or empress (Emperor of Japan, Emperor of India), or even duke or grand duke (Grand Duke of Luxembourg) or duchess. Many monarchs also are distinguished by styles, such as "Majesty", "Royal Highness" or "By the Grace of God".

Sometimes titles are used to express claims to territories that are not held in fact (for example, English claims to the French throne) or titles not recognized (antipopes). A pretender is a claimant to an abolished throne or to a throne already occupied by somebody else. Abdication is the resignation of a monarch.

Resignation
Resignation  is the formal act of relinquishing or vacating one's office or position. A resignation can occur when a person holding a position gained by election or appointment steps down, but leaving a position upon the expiration of a term, or choosing not to seek an additional term, is not considered resignation.

When an employee chooses to leave a position, it is considered a resignation, as opposed to involuntary termination.  Whether an employee resigned or was terminated is sometimes a topic of dispute, because in many situations, a terminated employee is eligible for severance pay and/or unemployment benefits, whereas one who voluntarily resigns may not be eligible. Abdication is the equivalent of resignation for a reigning monarch, pope, or holder of another similar position.
Nike Dobrovits
Nike Dobrovits (born 2 December 1973) is an Austrian former professional tennis player.

Active on tour in the late 1980s early 1990s, Dobrovits reached a career best singles ranking of 218. She made two WTA Tour singles main draw appearances at the Austrian Open, as a qualifier in 1990 and wildcard entrant in 1992. Her biggest title was a $25,000 ITF tournament in Jakarta, which she won in 1992 over Hiromi Nagano in the final.

Dobrovits now works as an ophthalmologist in Vienna.

Hiromi Nagano
Hiromi Nagano (born 20 July 1971) is a Japanese former professional tennis player.

Nagano reached a best singles ranking of 153 and appeared in the main draw of the 1995 Australian Open, as a qualifier. In doubles she was ranked as high as 90 in the world and featured in all four grand slam main draws during her career.
Annaliisa Farrell
Annaliisa Farrell (born 23 January 1966, in Tokanui) is a New Zealand paralympic cyclist and pilot, who won a bronze medal at the 2008 Summer Paralympics along with tandem partner Jayne Parsons in the Women's Time trial.

Tokanui, Southland
Tokanui is a community in the eastern portion of Southland District Council, located on the Southern Scenic Route about 56 km (35 mi) east of Invercargill and 107 km (66 mi) southwest of Balclutha, New Zealand. The Tokanui River runs just to the north of the village and occasionally floods the lower parts, as it did when the railway yard flooded in 1935.

Tokanui has a fire station, public halls, school, store, garage, pub, recycling area and a Rugby Club. A mobile library visits once a month.
2021–22 NCAA Division I women's basketball season
The 2021–22 NCAA Division I women's basketball season began on November 9, 2021. The regular season ended on March 6, 2022, with the 2022 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament beginning on March 18, and ending with the championship game at the Target Center in Minneapolis on April 3.

U.S. Basketball Writers Association
The United States Basketball Writers Association (USBWA) was founded in 1956 with the urging of National Collegiate Athletic Association director Walter Byers to serve the interests of journalists who cover college basketball.
NGC 4673
NGC 4673 is an elliptical galaxy located 317 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered on April 6, 1785, by astronomer William Herschel. NGC 4673 is part of a group of 11 galaxies, known as [T2015] nest 100111, which is also known as the NGC 4692 Group and is part of the Coma Supercluster.

NGC 4673 is host to a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 7.2 × 108 M☉, and a population of 750 globular clusters.

Supermassive black hole
A supermassive black hole (SMBH or sometimes SBH) is the largest type of black hole, with its mass being on the order of hundreds of thousands, or millions to billions, of times the mass of the Sun (M☉). Black holes are a class of astronomical objects that have undergone gravitational collapse, leaving behind spheroidal regions of space that nothing, not even light, can escape. Observational evidence indicates that almost every large galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center. For example, the Milky Way galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center, corresponding to the radio source Sagittarius A*. Accretion of interstellar gas onto supermassive black holes is the process responsible for powering active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and quasars.

Two supermassive black holes have been directly imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope; these are Sagittarius A, at the center of the Milky Way, and the black hole at the center of Messier 87, a giant elliptical galaxy.