hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jean Charles Athanase Peltier
Jean Charles Athanase Peltier (English: /ʒɒ̃/ /ʃɑːrl/ /ɑːtɑːnɑːz/ /ˈpɛltieɪ/; French: [ʒɑ̃ ʃaʁl atanaz pɛltje]; 22 February 1785 – 27 October 1845) was a French physicist. He was originally a watch dealer, but at the age of 30 began experiments and observations in physics.

Peltier was the author of numerous papers in different departments of physics. His name is specially associated with the thermal effects at junctions in a voltaic circuit, the Peltier effect. Peltier introduced the concept of electrostatic induction (1840), based on the modification of the distribution of electric charge in a material under the influence of a second object closest to it and its own electrical charge.

Biasing
In electronics, biasing is the setting of DC (direct current) operating conditions (current and voltage) of an electronic component that processes time-varying signals. Many electronic devices, such as diodes, transistors and vacuum tubes, whose function is processing time-varying (AC) signals, also require a steady (DC) current or voltage at their terminals to operate correctly. This current or voltage is called bias. The AC signal applied to them is superposed on this DC bias current or voltage.

The operating point of a device, also known as bias point, quiescent point, or Q-point, is the DC voltage or current at a specified terminal of an active device (a transistor or vacuum tube) with no input signal applied. A bias circuit is a portion of the device's circuit that supplies this steady current or voltage.
Potassium hypochlorite
Potassium hypochlorite is a chemical compound with the chemical formula KOCl, also written as KClO. It is the potassium salt of hypochlorous acid. It consists of potassium cations (K+) and hypochlorite anions (−OCl). It is used in variable concentrations, often diluted in water solution. Its aqueous solutions are colorless liquids (light yellow when impure) that have a strong chlorine smell. It is used as a biocide and disinfectant.

Aqueous solution
An aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is water. It is mostly shown in chemical equations by appending (aq) to the relevant chemical formula. For example, a solution of table salt, also known as sodium chloride (NaCl), in water would be represented as Na+(aq) + Cl−(aq). The word aqueous (which comes from aqua) means pertaining to, related to, similar to, or dissolved in, water. As water is an excellent solvent and is also naturally abundant, it is a ubiquitous solvent in chemistry. Since water is frequently used as the solvent in experiments, the word solution refers to an aqueous solution, unless the solvent is specified.

A non-aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is a liquid, but is not water.
Bjarne Strand
Bjarne Anders Strand (born 8 November 1946) is a Norwegian alpine skier. He was born in Oppdal Municipality. He participated at the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble, where he competed in downhill, slalom and giant slalom.

He became Norwegian champion in downhill in 1966, and in slalom in 1968.

Oppdal Municipality
Oppdalⓘ is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Dovre region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Oppdal. Other villages in the municipality include Lønset, Vognillan, Fagerhaugen, and Holan. The Oppdal Airport, Fagerhaug is located in the northeastern part of the municipality.

The 2,274-square-kilometre (878 sq mi) municipality is the 24th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Oppdal Municipality is the 139th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 7,389. The municipality's population density is 3.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.3/sq mi) and its population has increased by 8.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Zero to Three
Zero to Three National Center for Infants Toddlers and Families, formerly the National Center for Infants, Toddlers, and Families, commonly known as Zero to Three and stylized as ZERO TO THREE, is a US nonprofit organization focused on the healthy development of babies and toddlers from birth to three years old. The organization participates in policy advocacy, provides professional development for early childhood professionals, and operates programs related to children's health and welfare in a number of states. Zero to Three also publishes a variety of resources for parents, professionals and policy makers, most notably the DC:0–5 Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders of Infancy and Early Childhood. The organization's research is widely cited in the field of early childhood development and infant health.

Toddler
A toddler is a child approximately 1 to 3 years old, though definitions vary. The toddler years are a time of great cognitive, emotional and social development. The word is derived from "toddle", which means to walk unsteadily, as children at this age do.

By the age of two, toddlers typically reach several important milestones, including walking, running, climbing and speaking in short phrases. Their vocabulary expands rapidly and they begin to show increased independence as they explore their environment and make known their preferences.
Carla Quint
Cornelia Antonia "Carla" Quint (born 22 September 1972) is a Dutch former water polo player. She was a member of the Netherlands women's national water polo team.

She competed with the team at the 2000 Summer Olympics. She was also part of the national team at the 1998 World Aquatics Championships and 2003 World Aquatics Championships.

Water polo at the 2000 Summer Olympics
The water polo competition at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia saw Hungary’s return to the gold medal platform and the introduction of the women’s tournament. The Australian women had lobbied the IOC hard for the inclusion of women’s water polo in the Olympics, including showing up at the airport dressed only in their swimsuits during one pre-Olympic visit by members of the IOC.

Six nations competed in the women’s tournament with home team Australia winning the gold medal over the United States. Twelve nations competed in the men’s tournament and played a total of 48 matches. Spain was unable to follow up their 1996 gold medal performance with a medal. Hungary defeated Russia for the gold medal. The matches were held at Ryde Aquatic Leisure Centre and the Sydney Olympic Aquatic Centre.
Jumping Johnny Wilson
John E. Wilson (1927 – January 11, 2019), popularly known as Jumpin' Johnny Wilson, was an American basketball and baseball player. He gained his nickname for being the only player on his high school team able to dunk the basketball.

Anderson University (Indiana)
Anderson University is a private Christian university in Anderson, Indiana, United States. It is affiliated with the Church of God. The university offers more than 60 undergraduate majors as well as graduate programs in business, music, and theology.
Te Ururoa Flavell
Te Ururoa James William Ben Flavell (born 7 December 1955), also known as Hemi Flavell, is a New Zealand politician.

Born in Tokoroa, Flavell was a teacher, principal, and education executive before beginning a political career. He won the Waiariki electorate as a Māori Party candidate in 2005 and held that seat until his electoral defeat in 2017. He was Māori Party co-leader from 2013 until 2018 alongside Dame Tariana Turia and Marama Fox. From 2014 to 2017, the final term of the Fifth National Government, Flavell was Minister for Māori Development and Minister for Whānau Ora.

Whānau Ora
Whānau Ora (Māori for "healthy families") is a major contemporary indigenous health initiative in New Zealand, driven by Māori cultural values. Its core goal is to empower communities and extended families (whānau) to support families within the community context rather than individuals within an institutional context.
Design 1015 ship
The Design 1015 ship (full name Emergency Fleet Corporation Design 1015) was a steel-hulled cargo ship design approved for production by the United States Shipping Board's Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFT) during World War I. They were referred to as the "Moore & Scott"-type.

They were mostly built at West Coast yards:

Groton Iron Works, Groton, Connecticut, 6 ships, 3 cancelled, 3 completed

Moore Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Oakland, California, 26 ships of which 8 were converted to reefers, no cancellations

Pacific Coast Shipbuilding Company, Bay Point, California, 10 ships, no cancellations

Seattle North Pacific Shipbuilding Company, Seattle, Washington, 10 ships, no cancellations

G. M. Standifer Construction Company, Vancouver, Washington, 15 ships, no cancellations

Union Construction Comapany, Oakland, California, 10 ships, no cancellations

Virginia Shipbuilding Company, Alexandria, Virginia, 12 ships, 2 cancelled, 9 completed, 1 partially completed

Vancouver, Washington
Vancouver (/væn.ˈkuː.vər/ ⓘ van-KOO-vər) is a city in Clark County, Washington, United States, located on the north bank of the Columbia River. It had a population of 190,915 at the 2020 census, making it the fourth-most populous city in Washington. Founded in 1825 and incorporated in 1857, the city was originally established around Fort Vancouver, a fur trading outpost, and is situated directly north of Portland, Oregon, along the Washington–Oregon state line. Vancouver serves as the county seat of Clark County and is part of the Portland metropolitan area.
Taylor Creek (Lake Tahoe)
Taylor Creek is a 2.2-mile-long (3.5 km) northward-flowing stream originating in the Fallen Leaf Lake and culminating at Baldwin Beach at Lake Tahoe, about 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Camp Richardson in El Dorado County, California.

El Dorado County, California
El Dorado County (/ˌɛl dəˈrɑːdoʊ/ ⓘ; El Dorado, Spanish for "The Golden one"), officially the County of El Dorado, is a county located in the U.S. state of California, named after the mythical city of El Dorado.
As of the 2020 census, the population was 191,185. The county seat is Placerville. The county is part of the Sacramento-Roseville-Arden-Arcade, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located entirely in the Sierra Nevada, from the historic Gold Country in the western foothills to the High Sierra in the east. El Dorado County's population has grown as Greater Sacramento has expanded into the region. Where the county line crosses US 50 at Clarksville, the distance to Sacramento is 15 miles (24 km). In the county's high altitude eastern end at Lake Tahoe, environmental awareness and environmental protection initiatives have grown along with the population since the 1960 Winter Olympics, hosted at the former Squaw Valley Ski Resort in neighboring Placer County.
Maurice FitzGerald, 3rd Lord of Offaly
Maurice FitzMaurice FitzGerald (1238 – 2 September 1277) was an Irish magnate, soldier, and Justiciar of Ireland from 1272 to 1273. His family would come to epitomise the ideal of cultural synthesis in Ireland, becoming "more Irish than the Irish themselves", fusing Gaelic and Norman customs in Irish identity. "But others say he never enjoyed that lordship himself, but that it passed to the son and grandson of his eldest brother Gerald."

Chief governor of Ireland
The chief governor was the senior official in the Dublin Castle administration, which maintained English and British rule in Ireland from the 1170s to 1922. The chief governor was the viceroy of the English monarch (and later the British monarch) and presided over the Privy Council of Ireland. In some periods he was in effective charge of the administration, subject only to the monarch; in others he was a figurehead and power was wielded by others.
Menu bar
A menu bar is a graphical control element which contains drop-down menus.

The menu bar's purpose is to supply a common housing for window- or application-specific menus which provide access to such functions as opening files, interacting with an application, or displaying help documentation or manuals. Menu bars are typically present in graphical user interfaces that display documents and representations of files in windows and windowing systems but menus can be used as well in command-line interface programs like text editors or file managers where drop-down menu is activated with a shortcut or combination key.

Computer file
A computer file is a named collection of data treated as a unit by the system that manages it. Today, this system is called a file system. Many older computer systems lacked a distinct file system per se, yet a management feature is required in order to provide a file abstraction.

Files can be shared with and transferred between computers and mobile devices via removable media, networks, or the Internet.

Different types of computer files are designed for different purposes. A file may be designed to store a written message, a document, a spreadsheet, an image, a video, a program, or any wide variety of other kinds of data. Certain files can store multiple data types at once.

By using computer programs, a person can open, read, change, save, and close a computer file. Computer files may be reopened, modified, and copied an arbitrary number of times.
Re Bristol South-East Parliamentary Election
Re Bristol South-East Parliamentary Election ([1964] 2 QB 257, [1961] 3 All ER 354) is a 1961 United Kingdom election court case brought about by an election petition by Malcolm St Clair against  Anthony Wedgewood Benn, 2nd Viscount Stansgate (also known as Tony Benn), the winner of the 1961 Bristol South-East by-election where Benn had won the most votes but was disqualified from taking his seat in the House of Commons as he had inherited a hereditary peerage as 2nd Viscount Stansgate. Benn argued that as he had not applied for a writ of summons, he was not a member of the House of Lords and that the voters had the right to choose who they wanted to represent them.

The court made a ruling of undue election because the voters were aware that Benn was legally disqualified from sitting in the House of Commons, their votes had to be counted as being "thrown away" and Malcolm St Clair as the runner-up would take the seat instead.

House of Commons
The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. In both of these countries, the Commons holds much more legislative power than the upper house of parliament, which is nominally superior. The leader of the majority party in the House of Commons by convention becomes the prime minister. Other parliaments have also had a lower house called the "House of Commons".
Kira Brunton
Kira Michaela Brunton (born March 17, 1999) is a Canadian curler originally from Sudbury, Ontario. She currently plays third on Team Danielle Inglis. In 2015, she won the gold medal at the 2015 Canada Winter Games playing third for Megan Smith.

She coached the Dustin Montpellier rink at the 2026 Montana's Brier.

Laurentian University
Laurentian University (French: Université Laurentienne), officially Laurentian University of Sudbury, is a mid-sized bilingual public university in Greater Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, incorporated on March 28, 1960. Laurentian offers a variety of undergraduate, graduate-level, and doctorate degrees. Laurentian is the largest bilingual provider of distance education in Canada. The university was formerly federated with Thorneloe University, Huntington University, and the University of Sudbury.  Laurentian severed the federation during 2021 insolvency proceedings, ending 60-year relationships, and triggering lawsuits.
Roberto Canessa
Roberto Jorge Canessa Urta (born 17 January 1953) is a Uruguayan paediatric cardiologist, motivational speaker, and former rugby player. He is one of the sixteen survivors of the Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 crash in the Andes mountains on 13 October 1972. He was portrayed by Josh Hamilton in the 1993 feature film Alive and by Argentine actor Matías Recalt in the 2023 Spanish feature film Society of the Snow.

University of the Republic (Uruguay)
The University of the Republic (Spanish: Universidad de la República, sometimes UdelaR) is a public research university in Montevideo, Uruguay. It is the country's oldest and largest university, as well as one of the largest public universities in South America in terms of enrollment. Established in 1849, it has educated the vast majority of Uruguay's professionals throughout history and has maintained a leading role in advancing academic research and higher education.

The University of the Republic enrolls more than 140,000 students and is organized into 16 independent faculties. It administers 7 university schools and scientific institutes, the Hospital Clinic Manuel Quintela, as well as three regional university centers that serve different parts of the country.
Shoscombe and Single Hill Halt railway station
Shoscombe & Single Hill Halt was a small railway station on the Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway serving small villages between Wellow and Radstock, about seven miles south of Bath.

The station was the last to open on the Somerset and Dorset main line, with services beginning on 23 September 1929. It closed with the rest of the line on 7 March 1966 under the Beeching Axe.

The station, sited in the hamlet of Single Hill, consisted of two bare concrete platforms, with ornate oil lamps but without buildings. A small building containing a booking office and a waiting room was provided on the footpath leading to the station.

Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway
The Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway (S&DJR, also known as the S&D, S&DR or SDJR), was an English railway line jointly owned by the Midland Railway (MR) and the London and South Western Railway (LSWR) that grew to connect Bath (in north-east Somerset) and Bournemouth (then in Hampshire; now in south-east Dorset), with a branch in Somerset from Evercreech Junction to Burnham-on-Sea and Bridgwater. Strictly speaking, its main line only ran from Bath Junction to Broadstone, as the Bath to Bath Junction section was wholly owned by the MR and the Broadstone to Bournemouth section was owned by the LSWR.

Brought under joint ownership in 1876, the S&DJR was used for freight and local passenger traffic over the Mendip Hills, and for weekend holiday traffic to Bournemouth. Criticised as the "Slow and Dirty" or the "Slow and Doubtful", it closed in 1966 as part of the Beeching axe despite protests from the local community.
Paman languages
The Paman languages are an Australian language family spoken on Cape York Peninsula, Queensland. First noted by Kenneth Hale, Paman is noteworthy for the profound phonological changes which have affected some of its descendants.

Phonology
Phonology (formerly also phonemics or phonematics) is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages systematically organize their phonemes or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs. The term can also refer specifically to the sound or sign system of a particular language variety. At one time, the study of phonology related only to the study of the systems of phonemes in spoken languages, but now it may relate to any linguistic analysis either:

Sign languages have a phonological system equivalent to the system of sounds in spoken languages. The building blocks of signs are specifications for movement, location, and handshape. At first, a separate terminology was used for the study of sign phonology ("chereme" instead of "phoneme", etc.), but the concepts are now considered to apply universally to all human languages.
Skatval Station
Skatval Station (Norwegian: Skatval stasjon) is a railway station located in the village of Skatval in Stjørdal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located along the Nordlandsbanen railway line. The station is served hourly by the Trøndelag Commuter Rail service to Steinkjer and Trondheim. The service is operated by SJ Norge. There is free parking at the station, but no ticket machine.

SJ AB
SJ is the primary passenger train operator in Sweden. A wholly state-owned company operated for-profit under market conditions, SJ operates various services across Sweden. SJ's operations include high-speed trains, intercity trains, night trains, and regional trains, with some services extending into Denmark, Norway and Germany.

SJ traces its roots back to 1856, however was established in its current form as a passenger train operator (SJ AB) in 2001, following the restructuring of Statens Järnvägar, the former government agency responsible for the Swedish railways. SJ AB also has subsidiaries such as SJ Götalandståg, SJ Stockholmståg, and SJ Norge AS, which operate procured regional services in Western Sweden, Stockholm County and Norway, respectively. In 2018, SJ carried 31.8 million passengers.
Hans Christian Sørensen
Hans Christian Sørensen (11 October 1900 in Drigstrup, Denmark – 23 January 1984 in Drigstrup, Denmark) was a Danish gymnast who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was part of the Danish team, which won the silver medal in the gymnastics men's Swedish system team event in 1920.

Gymnastics at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's team, Swedish system
The men's Swedish system team was an artistic gymnastics event held as part of the Gymnastics at the 1920 Summer Olympics programme. It was the second and final appearance of the event, which was one of three team gymnastics events held in 1920 (along with the free system team event and the all-around team event. Three teams competed, for a total of 73 gymnasts.
Sanitary Panels
Sanitary Panels is an Indian webcomic by artist Rachita Taneja. Taking a distinct feminist angle, Sanitary Panels comments upon social justice topics ranging from discrimination to victim blaming. Taneja started her webcomic on Facebook in June 2014 and has since accumulated over 150,000 followers across social media platforms.

Victim blaming
Victim blaming occurs when the victim of a crime or any wrongful act is held entirely or partially at fault for the harm done to them. There is historical and current prejudice against the victims of domestic violence and sex crimes, such as the greater tendency to blame victims of rape than victims of robbery if victims and perpetrators knew each other prior to the commission of the crime. The Gay Panic Defense has been characterized as a form of victim blaming.
WGCW-LD
WGCW-LD (channel 36) is a low-power television station in Albany, Georgia, United States, affiliated with The CW Plus. It is owned by Gray Media alongside dual NBC/ABC affiliate WALB (channel 10). The two stations share studios on Stuart Avenue in Albany, where WGCW-LD's transmitter is also located.

Due to WGCW-LD's low power status, its broadcast range only covers the immediate Albany area. Therefore, it can also be seen through a 16:9 widescreen standard definition simulcast on WALB's fourth digital subchannel (10.4) from a transmitter east of Doerun, along the Colquitt–Worth county line.

Worth County, Georgia
Worth County is a county located in the south-central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,784. The county seat is Sylvester. Worth County is included in the Albany, Georgia metropolitan area.
Microregion of Anápolis
The Anápolis Microregion is a microregion of central Goiás state, Brazil. More than sixty percent of the population is concentrated in Anápolis, the regional center.

The land is fertile and well-watered. The towns are small and comparatively prosperous. The largest cities are Anápolis, Inhumas, Jaraguá, and Itaberaí. The most populous municipality is  Anápolis with 325,544 inhabitants.  The least populous is Jesúpolis with 2,201 inhabitants.

The largest municipality in land area is Jaraguá with 1,895.6 km2. The smallest is Damolândia with 84.9 km2.

The area is slightly smaller than Puerto Rico or slightly less than three times the size of the American state of Rhode Island.

Inhumas
Inhumas (Portuguese: [ĩˈɲũmɐs]) is a municipality in central Goiás state, Brazil. The population was 52 866 (2019 estimate) in a total area of 613.3 km2 (236.8 sq mi) (10/10/2002). Inhumas is a large producer of sugarcane, poultry, milk, and meat.