hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frederick J. Beutler
Frederick J. Beutler is a mathematician, engineer, and academic. He is a professor emeritus at the University of Michigan.

Beutler's research interests have included information theory, electrical engineering, and applied mathematics, with a focus on stochastic processes, signal processing, optimization of complex systems, and queueing theory. He is a life fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

Signal processing
Signal processing is an electrical engineering subfield that focuses on analyzing, modifying and synthesizing signals, such as sound, images, potential fields, seismic signals, altimetry processing, and scientific measurements. Signal processing techniques are used to optimize transmissions, digital storage efficiency, correcting distorted signals, improve subjective video quality, and to detect or pinpoint components of interest in a measured signal.
Kiran Kumari Rae
Kiran Kumari Rae (Nepali: किरण कुमारी राय) is a Nepalese politician. She is a former member of Provincial Assembly of Madhesh Province from People's Socialist Party, Nepal. Rae is a resident of Ekdara Rural Municipality, Mahottari.

Madhesh Provincial Assembly
The Madhesh Provincial Assembly (Nepali/Maithili/Bhojpuri: मधेश प्रदेश सभा) is a unicameral governing and law making body of Madhesh Province, one of the seven Provinces in Nepal, The assembly is seated in the provincial capital at Janakpur in Dhanusha District. The assembly has 107 members, 64 of whom are elected through single-member constituencies and 43 of whom are elected through the party list proportional representation system. They are elected for five-year terms unless the assembly is dissolved earlier.
Max White (rugby union)
Maxwell Clarke White (19 September 1908 — 5 September 1979) was an Australian rugby union international.

White, born in Toowoomba, Queensland, was the eldest son of Ray White, who founded the real estate agency of the same name. He attended The Southport School and played first-grade for Brisbane's YMCA club.

Capped nine times for the Wallabies, White debuted on the 1931 tour of New Zealand. He played his early Tests in the back row, before being used as a makeshift prop on the 1933 tour of South Africa for all five Springboks matches.

White served with the Royal Australian Air Force in World War II.

1933 Australia rugby union tour of South Africa
The 1933 Australia rugby union tour of South Africa and Rhodesia was a series of 23 rugby union matches played by the Australia national team in 1933.

Australia played a total of 23 matches, with a 5-Test series v South Africa, who won three of the five games.
Sysquake
Sysquake is a numerical computing environment and a programming language mostly-compatible with MATLAB. It offers facilities for interactive graphics which give insights into the problems being analyzed. It is used in teaching, research, and engineering.

Sysquake supports two kinds of codes: libraries (collections of related functions which extend Sysquake capabilities), and SQ files, applications with interactive graphics which can have their own menus. Sysquake Pro can also be extended with plugins.

Plug-in (computing)
In computing, a plug-in (also spelled plugin), add-in (also addin, add-on, or addon) or extension is a software component that extends the functionality of an existing software system without requiring the system to be re-built. A plug-in feature is one way that a system can be customizable.

Applications support plug-ins for a variety of reasons including:

Enable third-party developers to extend an application

Support easily adding new features

Reduce the size of an application by not loading unused features

Separate source code from an application because of incompatible software licenses
Gundolf S. Freyermuth
Gundolf S. Freyermuth (born 1955) is a German-American professor for media studies and author. In 2010, he co-founded, together with Prof. Björn Bartholdy, the Cologne Game Lab at the Technical University of Cologne in Germany.

Media studies
Media studies is a discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history, and effects of various media; in particular, the mass media. Media studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but it mostly draws from its core disciplines of mass communication, communication, communication sciences, and communication studies.

Researchers may also develop and employ theories and methods from disciplines including cultural studies, rhetoric (including digital rhetoric), philosophy, literary theory, psychology, political science, political economy, economics, sociology, anthropology, social theory, art history and criticism, film theory, and information theory.
Who's your daddy?
Who's your daddy? is an American slang expression that, in one use, takes the form of a rhetorical question.  It is commonly used as a boastful claim of dominance over the intended listener. It may also be a part of role play between intimate partners or as a claim of sexual dominance.

According to the Historical Dictionary of American Slang, the phrase dates back to 1681, when sex workers would use it to ask each other who their procurer was. Its modern popularity has been attributed to its frequent use in sexually suggestive skits broadcast in the 1980s by radio shock jock Doug Tracht; Tracht states he heard the term in the 1968 song "Time of the Season" by The Zombies in a non-sexual manner ("What's your name? Who's your daddy? Is he rich like me?") and "converted it to have a spicy connotation". The phrase is used in countless films and televisions shows, and is also used as a title for various forms of media including video games and songs.

The Zombies
The Zombies are an English rock band formed in St Albans in 1962. Led by keyboardist/vocalist Rod Argent and lead vocalist Colin Blunstone, the group had their first British and American hit in 1964 with "She's Not There". In the US, two further singles—"Tell Her No" in 1965 and "Time of the Season" in 1968—were also successful.

Their 1968 album Odessey and Oracle was ranked number 100 on Rolling Stone's 2012 list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, and number 243 on Rolling Stone's 2020 list. The Zombies were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2019.
Grosvenor Park, Chester
Grosvenor Park is a public park in the city of Chester, Cheshire, England (grid reference SJ412663). It consists of 20 acres (8.1 ha) of land overlooking the River Dee. It is regarded as one of the finest and most complete examples of Victorian parks in the North West of England, if not nationally. On 22 August 2013 the designation of the park was raised from Grade II in the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens to Grade II*.

River Dee, Wales
The River Dee (Welsh: Afon Dyfrdwy, Latin: Deva Fluvius) flows through North Wales and Cheshire, England. The majority of the river is located in Wales, with the stretch between Aldford and Saltney within England and two other sections forming the border between the two countries. The length of the section from Bala to Chester is 113 km (70 miles).

The river rises on Dduallt in Snowdonia and flows east through Llyn Tegid (Bala Lake), Corwen, and Llangollen. It turns north near Overton-on-Dee and forms part of the England–Wales border before fully entering England near Aldford, north-east of Wrexham. It flows through Chester then re-enters Wales near Saltney; the final section is canalised and discharges to the Irish Sea via an estuary 23 km (14 miles) long.
Drysdale grunter
The Drysdale grunter (Syncomistes rastellus) is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Terapontidae. It is endemic to Australia, where it occurs in the Gibb and Drysdale Rivers, coastal rivers in northern Western Australia. It is a herbivorous species which grazes on filamentous algae and prefers the main river channels rather than the tributaries, it also prefers flowing water of varying turbidity and substrate.

Gibb River
The Gibb River is a river in the Kimberley region of northern Western Australia.

The headwaters of the river rise between the Caroline and Gibb Ranges. The river flows in a northerly direction until merging with the Drysdale River, of which it is a tributary. Gibb River has three tributaries: North Creek, Plain Creek and Russ Creek.

The Gibb River was named in 1901 by the surveyor Charles Crossland during an expedition in the Kimberley area. It is named after geologist Andrew Gibb Maitland, who had accompanied Crossland and was present during the first recorded sighting of the river. In turn, it gives its name to the Gibb River Road, a former cattle route that stretches almost 660 kilometres (410 mi) across the Kimberley between the towns of Derby and the Kununurra and Wyndham junction of the Great Northern Highway.

The traditional owners of the area that the river flows through are the Ngarinjin people.
MTN Hitmaker
MTN Hitmaker is a television music competition created by MTN Ghana in 2011. The show is available to all amateur musicians living in Ghana or who are habitually residing in Ghana. Since its inception in 2012, the competition has fostered and injected several music talents into the public. Some of these artists include Kwame Eugene, Kidi, Fameye and Mr Drew.

MTN Group
MTN Group Limited (formerly M-Cell) is a South African multinational corporation and mobile telecommunications provider. Its head office is in Johannesburg. MTN is among the largest mobile network operators in the world, and the largest in Africa.

In October 2025 MTN announced it had surpassed 300 million customers, the first African-headquartered telco to reach that milestone, making it the sixth-largest in the world by subscriber count. It has a footprint in sixteen countries in Africa and the Middle East.
Radość, Subcarpathian Voivodeship
Radość [ˈradɔɕt͡ɕ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dębowiec, within Jasło County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. From 1975 to 1998 Radość has belonged to Krośnieńskie Voivodeship.

Jasło County
Jasło County (Polish: powiat jasielski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is Jasło, which lies 50 kilometres (31 mi) south-west of the regional capital Rzeszów. The only other town in the county is Kołaczyce, which is 8 km (5.0 mi) north of Jasło.

The county covers an area of 830.41 square kilometres (320.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population was 113,730, out of which the population of Jasło was 35,063,  that of Jasło was 1,409, and the rural population was 77,258.
Versteeg-Swisher House
The Versteeg-Swisher House is a two-story brick Gothic Revival house on a limestone foundation located at 506 S. Campbell in Abilene, Kansas. It was built about 1888 by Dutch brickmaker Nicholas Versteeg and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Abilene, Kansas
Abilene (pronounced /ˈæbɪliːn/) is a city in and the county seat of Dickinson County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 6,460. It is home of the Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library and the Greyhound Hall of Fame.
Scared Stiff (1987 film)
Scared Stiff (Chinese: 小生夢驚魂) is a 1987 Hong Kong comedy thriller film directed by Lau Kar-wing and starring Eric Tsang, Chow Yun-fat and Michael Miu. This film has been seen as a Hong Kong take-off on the plot of the 1984 US thriller Dreamscape.

Dreamscape (1984 film)
Dreamscape is a 1984 American science fiction action-adventure horror film directed by Joseph Ruben from a story by David Loughery, with Chuck Russell, Loughery, and Ruben co-writing. It stars Dennis Quaid, Kate Capshaw, Max von Sydow, Christopher Plummer and David Patrick Kelly.
Luzit
Luzit (Hebrew: לוּזִית, lit. 'Almond Tree') is a moshav in central Israel. Located between Beit Shemesh and Kiryat Gat, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 871.

Beit Shemesh
31°44′44″N 34°59′12″E﻿ / ﻿31.74556°N 34.98667°E﻿ / 31.74556; 34.98667

Beit Shemesh (Hebrew: בית שמש, lit. 'House of the Sun') is a city located approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Jerusalem in Israel's Jerusalem District. A center of Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodoxy, Beit Shemesh has a population of 167,318 as of 2023.

The city is named after and located near the remains of ancient Beth Shemesh, a biblical city of the territory of Judah.
Al Aqrabaniya
32°15′11″N 35°22′40″E﻿ / ﻿32.25306°N 35.37778°E﻿ / 32.25306; 35.37778
Al Aqrabaniya (Arabic: العقربانية) is a Palestinian village in the Nablus Governorate in northern West Bank, located 12.1 kilometers east of Nablus. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the village's population was 939 inhabitants in 2017. It is bordered by Furush Beit Dajan to the east, Beit Dajan and Deir al-Hatab to the south, Al-Badhan to the west, and An-Nassariya and Beit Hasan to the north. The total area of the village consists of approximately 13,574 dunums.

Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS; Arabic: الجهاز المركزي للإحصاء الفلسطيني, romanized: al-Jihāz al-Markazī lil-Iḥṣāʼ al-Filasṭīnī) is the official statistical institution of Palestine. Its main task is to provide credible statistical figures at the national and international levels. It is a state institution that provides service to the governmental, non – governmental and private sectors in addition to research institutions and universities. It is established as an independent statistical bureau. The PCBS publishes the Statistical Yearbook of Palestine and the Jerusalem Statistical Yearbook annually.

The head office of the agency is in Ein Munjed Quarter, Ramallah.
Melchor de Talamantes
Melchor de Talamantes (in full, Melchor de Talamantes Salvador y Baeza) (January 10, 1765, Lima, Viceroyalty of Peru – May 9, 1809, Veracruz, Mexico), was a Mercedarian friar and priest, a political liberal, and a leader in Mexico's movement for independence from Spain.

Friar
A friar is a member of one of the mendicant orders in the Catholic Church. There are also friars outside of the Catholic Church, such as within the Evangelical-Lutheran Churches and Anglican Communion. The term, first used in the 12th or 13th century, distinguishes the mendicants' itinerant apostolic character, exercised broadly under the jurisdiction of a superior general, from the older monastic orders' allegiance to a single monastery formalized by their vow of stability. A friar may be in holy orders or be a non-ordained brother. The most significant orders of friars are the Dominicans, Franciscans, Augustinians, and Carmelites.
OpenX Technologies
OpenX Technologies, Inc. is a programmatic advertising technology company. It has raised over $75 million from Accel, Index, Samsung, Dentsu, Mangrove Capital and others.

OpenX has offices in Pasadena (HQ), New York, Tokyo, London, and Kraków.

Dentsu
Dentsu Group Inc., simply known as Dentsu, stylized as dentsu, is a Japanese international advertising and public relations joint stock company headquartered in Tokyo. Dentsu is the largest advertising agency in Japan and the fifth largest advertising agency network in the world in terms of worldwide revenues.

In 2018, Dentsu announced its reorganization into a holding company and as a result, most of the company's functions (including its advertising business) moved to a new company under the Dentsu name and the existing company rebranding to the Dentsu Group name, the changes took effect by January 1, 2020.
Vynoteka
Gelsva, UAB is a vertically integrated drinks company in Lithuania. The company is popularly referred to as Vynoteka after their supermarket brand of liquor stores operated in Lithuania, Latvia and Poland spaning 91 stores. As of 2022, it is the 7th largest chain of retail stores in Lithuania.

The company also manufactures Žalia Giria branded bottled water, soft and alcoholic drinks, and operates a single flagship bistro in Vilnius, Lithuania.

Bottled water
Bottled water is drinking water (e.g., well water, distilled water, reverse osmosis water, mineral water, or spring water) packaged in plastic or glass water bottles. Bottled water may be carbonated or not with packaging sizes ranging from small single-serving bottles to large carboys for water coolers. The consumption of bottled water is influenced by factors such as convenience, taste, perceived safety, and concerns over the quality of municipal tap water. Concerns about the environmental impact of bottled water, including the production and disposal of plastic bottles, have led to calls for more sustainable practices in the industry. Some brands have attempted to address the problem of microplastics and chemicals by canning purified water.
William Leffingwell (Iowa politician)
William Edward Leffingwell  (October 9, 1822 – August 13, 1884) was an American politician.

Leffingwell was born in New London, Connecticut, on October 9, 1822. He later moved to Iowa, settling in DeWitt by 1845. Leffingwell served in the first Iowa General Assembly from 1846 to 1848, as a Democratic legislator for District 18 of the Iowa House of Representatives. He was seated in the Iowa Senate between 1850 and 1854, representing District 12 and District 18 for two years each. From 1853 to 1854, Leffingwell served as president of the senate and concurrently was a district court judge.

In 1861, Leffingwell enlisted in the 1st Iowa Cavalry Regiment after the American Civil War began and was captain of Company B. In later life, he moved to Lyons, where he died on August 13, 1884.

Iowa Senate
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa Senate is the upper house of the Iowa General Assembly. There are 50 seats in the Iowa Senate, representing 50 single-member districts across the state of Iowa with populations of approximately 63,807 per constituency, as of the 2020 United States census. Each Senate district is composed of two House districts. The Senate meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the lower house, the Iowa House of Representatives, senators serve four-year terms, with no term limits. Terms are staggered so that half the Senate is up for reelection every two years.
GWR 4900 Class 4979 Wootton Hall
GWR 4900 Class 4-6-0 No. 4979 Wootton Hall is a Hall class 4-6-0 steam locomotive. It was built at Swindon, February 1930, and was one of 258 Hall class steam locomotives constructed.

Its first shed allocation was Plymouth Laira and after 32 years of service it ended up at Oxford. During this time it was allocated to sheds in Penzance, Tyseley, Severn Tunnel Junction, Cardiff Canton, and ended its days in the London Division of the Western Region of British Railways, based at Southall, Reading, Didcot and finally Oxford in July 1958. It was used for a variety of duties including fast passenger service and freight.

It was withdrawn from service in December 1963 and acquired by Woodham Brothers scrapyard in Barry, South Wales, in June 1964.

Laira Traction and Rolling Stock Maintenance Depot
Laira Traction and Rolling Stock Maintenance Depot is a railway traction maintenance depot situated in Plymouth, Devon, England. The depot is operated by Great Western Railway (GWR) and is where their fleet of Class 802 InterCity Express Trains and remaining Castle Class trains are overhauled. Other trains visit for daily servicing including some operated by CrossCountry.

After sixty years as a steam depot, servicing locomotives used on the Exeter to Plymouth line that runs past the shed as well as local lines, diesels started to arrive in 1958. A diesel depot opened in 1962 and was expanded in 1981 to accommodate the High Speed Trains.

The depot code 'LA' is used to identify rolling stock based there.
Transport in Beijing
Beijing, as the capital and one of the four municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a transport hub, with a sophisticated network of roads, railways and two major airports. Six completed ring roads encircle the city with nine expressways heading in virtually all compass directions, supplemented by eleven China National Highways.

Transport in the capital is overseen by the Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport.

Ring road
A ring road (also known as circular road, beltline, beltway, circumferential (high)way, loop or orbital) is a road or a series of connected roads encircling a town, city or country. The most common purpose of a ring road is to assist in reducing traffic volumes in the urban centre, such as by offering an alternate route around the city for drivers who do not need to stop in the city core. Ring roads can also serve to connect suburbs to each other, allowing efficient travel between them.
Samuel Boutflower
Christianity portal

Rev Samuel Peach Boutflower /ˈboʊflaʊər/ (22 June 1815 – 22 December 1882) was an Anglican  clergyman who was Archdeacon of Carlisle from 1867  until 1882.

Boutflower was born in Bristol, the son of British Army surgeon Charles Boutflower, FRCS and cousin of Henry Crewe Boutflower. He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge and ordained in 1839. After a curacy in Coniston he was Perpetual curate at Brathay, Rural Dean of Ambleside and Vicar of Appleby.

Ambleside
Ambleside is a town in the civil parish of Lakes and the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England. Within the boundaries of the historic county of Westmorland and located in the Lake District National Park, the town sits at the head of Windermere, England's largest natural lake. In 2022 the built up area had an estimated population of 2,586.
Route 446 (Israel–Palestine)
Route 446 is a regional arterial road that begins at the Shilat junction in Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut in the south, ending at the Baruchin Interchange on Highway 5 in the north. The length of the road is 31 km, and almost all of it passes outside the Green Line. The most interesting point on the road is the crossing of Nahal Shilo north of Beit Aryeh-Ofarim.

Arterial road
An arterial road or arterial thoroughfare is a high-capacity urban road that sits below highways on the road hierarchy in terms of traffic flow and speed. The primary function of an arterial road is to deliver traffic from collector roads to highways or expressways, and between urban hubs at a relatively high level of service. Therefore, many arteries are limited-access roads or feature restrictions on private access. Because of their relatively high accessibility, many major roads face large amounts of land use and urban development, making them significant urban places.

In traffic engineering hierarchy, an arterial road delivers traffic between collector roads and highways. For new arterial roads, intersections are often reduced to increase traffic flow. In California, arterial roads are usually spaced every half mile, and have intersecting collector(s) and streets.
AJENTS
AJENTS (sometimes known as ATS - "Agency Ticket System") is one of the two original computer-based railway ticket issuing systems supplied to travel agencies in Britain. It allows agencies which are not connected to one of the major GDS (Global Distribution System) networks to issue and print railway tickets from a standard personal computer, and submit revenue and accounting data securely to Rail Settlement Plan Ltd for allocation to the appropriate train operating companies.

Rail Settlement Plan
Rail Settlement Plan (RSP) is a division of the Rail Delivery Group in the United Kingdom. It provides a wide range of common services to the UK's train operating companies and third-party providers of information and retail services. It was founded in 1995.

The green background of all UK rail tickets was made up of the repeated words "Rail Settlement Plan." In 2013, the railway started migrating to new ticket stock which uses the words "National Rail" instead.