hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hala Tehsil
Hala Tehsil (Sindhi: هالا تعلقو) is an administrative subdivision (Tehsil) of Matiari District in the Sindh province of Pakistan. 
As of the 2017 census, Hala Taluka has a population of 262,423. The rural population is 143,965 and urban population 118,458. Hala City is the headquarter of this Tehsil. Important towns/villages of this taluka  include Hala old, Bhit Shah, Panj Moro, Khandu and Bhanoth.

Tehsil Hala comprises following six Union Councils:

Bhanoth

Bhitshah

Hala - I

Hala - II

Hala - III

Bhit
Bhit or Bhit Shah (Sindhi: ڀٽ شاهه) is a small town located in Matiari District, Sindh, Pakistan. The town is best known as the location of the shrine to the Sindhi Sufi poet Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, who came to be called Bhittai (Sindhi: ڀٽائي, of Bhit) on account of the town's name (the town is also known as Bhit Shah due to this connection). Passing along the road that leaves Hala for Hyderabad, beyond the shrubs there are a solitary group of large white mounds, which form hills known as Bhit in Sindhi.
2025 Pan American Trampoline and Tumbling Championships
The 2025 Senior Pan American Trampoline and Tumbling Championships were held in Santa Tecla, El Salvador, from May 16 to 18, 2025. The competition was organized by the Peruvian Gymnastics Federation and approved by the International Gymnastics Federation.

Santa Tecla, El Salvador
Santa Tecla (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsanta ˈtekla]), formerly known as Nueva San Salvador ("New San Salvador"), is a city and a municipality in the La Libertad department of El Salvador. It is the capital of the department of La Libertad.

The city was named after Saint Thecla who was a saint of the early Christian Church, and a reported follower of Paul of Tarsus in the 1st century AD. She is not mentioned in the New Testament, but the earliest record of her comes from the apocryphal Acts of Paul and Thecla, probably composed in the early 2nd century.

Santa Tecla is situated at the southern foot of the San Salvador Volcano, and it is a part of the San Salvador metropolitan area. The municipality of Antiguo Cuscatlán sits on its eastern border.
Kalidás Barreto
Luís Maria Kalidás da Costa Barreto GOL (16 October 1932 – 30 October 2020) was a Portuguese accountant and trade unionist. He was one of the founders of Portuguese trades union confederation, the CGTP, some five decades earlier, and died on 30 October 2020 in Castanheira de Pera, fourteen days after his 88th birthday.

Lousã
Lousã (European Portuguese pronunciation: [loˈzɐ̃] ⓘ), officially the Town of Lousã (Portuguese: Vila da Lousã), is a town and municipality in the district of Coimbra, in the central part of Portugal. The population in 2011 was 17,604, in an area of 138.40 km2.
Enamel paint
Enamel paint is paint that air-dries to a hard, usually glossy, finish, used for coating surfaces that are outdoors or otherwise subject to hard wear or variations in temperature; it should not be confused with decorated objects in "painted enamel", where vitreous enamel is applied with brushes and fired in a kiln. The name is something of a misnomer, as in reality most commercially available enamel paints are significantly softer than either vitreous enamel or stoved synthetic resins, and are totally different in composition; vitreous enamel is applied as a powder or paste and then fired at high temperature. There is no generally accepted definition or standard for use of the term "enamel paint", and not all enamel-type paints may use it.

Paint sheen
Sheen is a measure of the reflected light (glossiness) from a paint finish. Glossy and flat (or matte) are typical extreme levels of glossiness of a finish. Gloss paint is shiny and reflects most light in the specular (mirror-like) direction, while on flat paints most of the light diffuses in a range of angles. The gloss level of paint can also affect its apparent colour.

Between those extremes, there are a number of intermediate gloss levels. Their common names, from the most dull to the most shiny, include matte, eggshell, satin, silk, semi-gloss and high gloss. These terms are not standardized, and not all manufacturers use all these terms.
Anton (2008 film)
Anton is a 2008 Irish action thriller film directed by Graham Cantwell. It stars Anthony Fox as Anton, a man drawn into the troubles along the Northern Ireland Border in 1972. The film also features Gerard McSorley, Laura Way, Vincent Fegan, Andy Smith and Ronan Wilmot.

The film was written for the screen by Anthony Fox. Anton was produced by Patrick Clarke and Anthony Fox. EastWest Film Distribution and High Fliers Films released the film to theatres in Ireland and the UK on 8 October 2008. Anton was released in territories outside of Ireland under the title, Trapped. The film was nominated for 3 Irish Film Awards in 2009.  The theme song, One was written and performed by Greg Pearle, John Illsley and Paul Brady.

Paul Brady
Paul Joseph Brady (born 19 May 1947) is a Northern Irish singer-songwriter and musician from Strabane, Northern Ireland. His work straddles folk and pop. He was interested in a wide variety of music from an early age.

Initially popular for playing Irish traditional music in a duo with Andy Irvine and later with Tommy Peoples and Matt Molloy and solo, he later turned to a more rock-inspired electric style with poignant political lyrics. Some of his most popular songs are his interpretations of the traditional "The Lakes of Pontchartrain" and  "Arthur McBride", and the originals "Crazy Dreams", "Nothing but the Same Old Story", "The Island", "Night Hunting Time", "Steel Claw" performed by Tina Turner, "Paradise Is Here", "The World is What You Make It" and "Once in a Lifetime".
Pinoy Explorer
Pinoy Explorer is a Philippine television infotainment show broadcast by TV5. Hosted by Aga Muhlach, it aired on the network's evening line up from September 18, 2011 to May 4, 2013, replacing Magic? Bagsik! and was replaced by Tropang Kulit. It features clips from the Clash of the Titans series and BBC's Walking with Dinosaurs.

It is an edutainment program wherein Aga Muhlach, the host travels to many different places around the globe with an aim to educate the Filipino viewers in discovering the wonders of the world: places, people, artifacts, and history.  The program not only showcases trips to other places but it also educates viewers and takes them on journeys of discovery using cutting-edge technology.

The show returned from September 15, 2013 to March 15, 2014. When its last destination is in Russia, coinciding the 2014 Sochi Olympics.

Educational entertainment
Educational entertainment, also referred to by the portmanteau edutainment, is media designed to educate through entertainment. The term has been used as early as 1933. Most often it includes content intended to teach but has incidental entertainment value. It has been used by academia, corporations, governments, and other entities in various countries to disseminate information in classrooms and/or via television, radio, and other media to influence viewers' opinions and behaviors.
Karen Murphy (Pennsylvania nurse)
Karen Murphy is an American registered nurse and healthcare administrator. She previously served as the Pennsylvania Secretary of Health, having been nominated by Pennsylvania Governor Tom Wolf and confirmed in May 2015. Prior to that, she served as Pennsylvania Director of the State Innovation Models Initiative and CEO of the Moses Taylor Health System.

Pennsylvania Department of Health
Pennsylvania Department of Health is a cabinet-level agency in Pennsylvania. It was established in 1905 and later modified by the Administrative Code of 1929. In 1996, the requirement for the Secretary to be a physician was eliminated and the position of Physician General was created. The Department of Health utilizes community-based strategies to reduce serious illnesses, injuries, and deaths from major health threats, tobacco-related diseases, infectious diseases, and accidental injuries. Its mission has evolved to address the changing landscape of public health, providing programs and services aimed at promoting healthy behaviors, preventing injury and disease, and ensuring the safe delivery of quality healthcare for all Pennsylvania citizens.
Battle of the Tiger's Mouth
The Battle of the Tiger's Mouth (Chinese: 虎門之戰; Portuguese: Batalha da Boca do Tigre) was a series of engagements between a Portuguese flotilla stationed in Macau, and the Red Flag Fleet of the Chinese Danka pirate Ching Shih, led by her second-in-command, Cheung Po Tsai - known to the Portuguese as Apocha, Cam Pau Sai or Quan Apon Chay. Between September 1809 and January 1810, the Red Flag Fleet suffered several defeats at the hands of the Portuguese led by José Pinto Alcoforado de Azevedo e Sousa, within the Humen Strait - known to the Portuguese as the Boca do Tigre - until the pirates finally surrendered formally in February 1810. After her fleet surrendered, Ching Shih surrendered herself to the Guangzhou city government in exchange for a general pardon, putting an end to her career of piracy.

Qianshan Subdistrict
Qianshan is a subdistrict of Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, in Guangdong Province in the People's Republic of China. Formerly an important military base overseeing the Portuguese-administered enclave of Macao, it is now a Chinese manufacturing center, with particular emphasis on household appliances, airconditioners, and printing supplies.
Georges Balandier
Georges Balandier (21 December 1920 – 5 October 2016) was a French sociologist, anthropologist and ethnologist noted for his research on Sub-Saharan Africa. Balandier was born in Aillevillers-et-Lyaumont. He was a professor at the Sorbonne (Université René Descartes, Paris-V), and is a member of the Center for African Studies (Centre d'études africaines [Ceaf]), a research center of the École pratique des hautes études (School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences). He held for many years the Editorship of Cahiers Internationaux de Sociologie (previously held by his mentor Georges Gurvitch) and edited the series Sociologie d'Aujourd'hui at Presses Universitaires de France. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1976. He died on 5 October 2016 at the age of 95.

African studies
African studies is the study of Africa, especially the continent's cultures and societies (as opposed to its geology, geography, zoology, etc.). The field includes the study of Africa's history (pre-colonial, colonial, post-colonial), demography (ethnic groups), culture, politics, economy, languages, and religion (Islam, Christianity, traditional religions). A specialist in African studies is often referred to as an "Africanist".

Africanists argue that there is a need to "deexoticize" Africa and banalise it, rather than understand Africa as exceptionalized and exoticized. African scholars, in recent times, have focused on decolonizing African studies, and reconfiguring it to reflect the African experience through an African lens.
Leon Aarons
Leon Aarons is an Australian chemist who researches and teaches in the areas of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. He lives in the United Kingdom and from 1976 has been a professor of pharmacometrics at the University of Manchester. In the interest of promoting the effective development of drugs, the main focus of his work is optimizing pharmacological models, the design of clinical studies, and data analysis and interpretation in the field of population pharmacokinetics. From 1985 to 2010 Aarons was an editor emeritus of the Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics and is a former executive editor of the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
The British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the British Pharmacological Society. It covers all aspects of drug action in humans. As of 2020, the editor-in-chief is Serge Cremers (Columbia University).
Shantz Button Factory
Shantz Button Factory is a historic button factory located in southeast Rochester, Monroe County, New York.  The factory consists of three buildings built between 1903 and 1920. The buildings are of heavy timber-frame construction with brick walls, large window openings, flat roofs, and decorative brick cornices. The buildings are five, two, and one stories in height. The button factory closed in the mid-1920s.: 3, 16

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

Monroe County, New York
Monroe County is a county in the U.S. state of New York, located along Lake Ontario's southern shore. As of 2022, the population was 752,035, according to Census Bureau estimates. Its county seat and largest city is Rochester. The county is named after James Monroe, the fifth president of the United States. Monroe County is part of the upstate Rochester, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.
The MEB's 100 Fundamental Works (secondary schools)
The MEB's 100 Fundamental Works, is a compiled book list recommendation by 59th Turkish Government Ministry of National Education (Turkey) to be taught to secondary schools students as curriculum course in Turkish Language and Literature, also as a reading activities for free times.

59th cabinet of Turkey
The first cabinet of Recep Tayyip Erdogan took office on 14 March 2003. He succeeded to the government Gul, who was in office since 18 November 2002.

After the victory of the Justice and Development (AK Party) at the parliamentary elections of 22 July 2007 and the presidential election of Abdullah Gül, who took office on 28 August, on the same day Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan created a new parliament. Many of the former cabinet members were not carried over.

^¶  Nonpartisan minister appointed in accordance with the Article 114 of the constitution in the wake of 2007 elections
Collins v Minister for Finance
Collins v Minister for Finance [2016] IESC 73; [2017] 1 ILRM 65; [2017] 3 IR 99, is case in which the Irish Supreme Court held that the Minister for Finance did not breach his power in issuing promissory notes (promises to pay money at a later date) under the Credit Institutions (Financial Support) Act 2008, which was found to be constitutional. Collins's appeal was dismissed by the Supreme Court, which concluded that, "a Minister for Finance can spend any amount of money they deem necessary in an emergency without going back to the Dáil".  The case thus legalised emergency measure to deal with Ireland's financial crisis. This was a case in which "the matters described" were of "national importance."

Promissory note
A promissory note, sometimes referred to as a note payable, is a financial instrument in which one party (the maker or issuer) promises in writing to pay a determinate sum of money to the other (the payee), subject to any terms and conditions specified within the document.
Sunand Prasad
Sunand Prasad OBE (born 1950, in Sevagram, India) is a British architect and senior partner of architectural practice Penoyre & Prasad, a multi sectoral practice with an internationally recognised profile in health, education and civic buildings. He is a past President of the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA).

Architectural firm
In the United States, an architectural firm or architecture firm is a business that employs one or more licensed architects and practices the profession of architecture; while in South Africa, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Denmark and other countries, an architectural firm is a company or partnership that offers architectural services.
The Epic of Utnoa
The Epic of Utnoa (Esperanto: Poemo de Utnoa) is an epic by the Catalan writer Abel Montagut, published in Vienna, Austria, in 1993 and originally written in Esperanto. It consists of seven cantos, and of 7095 verses in all, in an Alexandrine-derived metre, a variant featuring 15 syllables rather than the usual 14. The songs are inspired by major epics from world literature such as the Epic of Gilgamesh, the Aeneid, the Bible, the Ramayana, the Iliad, and by modern authors such as Papini, Asimov, and others – especially as far as the treatment of the primaeval flood is concerned. The book is contextualized by a foreword (by William Auld) and an afterword by Probal Dasgupta. William Auld called Poemo de Utnoa “the first truly remarkable epic-science fiction poem in the world, and one of the very few modern epics” and Gerrit Berveling called it “impressively beautiful -- and at its most profound very wise – epic”

Verse (poetry)
A verse is formally a single metrical line in a poetic composition. However, verse has come to represent any grouping of lines in a poetic composition, with groupings traditionally having been referred to as stanzas.

Verse in the uncountable (mass noun) sense refers to poetry in contrast to prose. Where the common unit of verse is based on meter or rhyme, the common unit of prose is purely grammatical, such as a sentence or paragraph.

Verse in the second sense is also used pejoratively in contrast to poetry to suggest work that is too pedestrian or too incompetent to be classed as poetry.
Vice President–elect of the United States
The vice president-elect of the United States is the candidate who has been elected to the office of vice president of the United States in a United States presidential election, but is awaiting inauguration to assume office.

There is no explicit indication in the U.S. Constitution as to when that person actually becomes vice president-elect, although the Twentieth Amendment uses the term "vice president-elect", thus giving the term constitutional justification.

The term corresponds to the term "president-elect of the United States", used for those elected president of the United States for the same period between their election and inauguration.

Incumbent vice presidents, who have won re-election for a second term, are generally not referred to as the vice president-elect, as they are already in office and are to become the vice president.

Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution
The Twentieth Amendment (Amendment XX) to the United States Constitution moved the beginning and ending of the terms of the president and vice president from March 4 to January 20, and of members of Congress from March 4 to January 3. It also has provisions that determine what is to be done when there is no president-elect. The Twentieth Amendment was adopted on January 23, 1933.

The amendment reduced the presidential transition and the "lame duck" period, by which members of Congress and the president serve the remainder of their terms after an election. The amendment established congressional terms to begin before presidential terms and that the incoming Congress, rather than the outgoing one, would hold a contingent election if the Electoral College deadlocked regarding either the presidential or vice presidential elections.
2000 WTA Tour Championships – Singles
Martina Hingis defeated Monica Seles in the final, 6–7(5–7), 6–4, 6–4 to win the singles tennis title at the 2000 WTA Tour Championships. It was her second Tour Finals singles title.

Lindsay Davenport was the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Elena Dementieva.

Lindsay Davenport
Lindsay Ann Davenport Leach (born June 8, 1976) is an American former professional tennis player. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 98 weeks (including as the year-end No. 1 four times), and as the world No. 1 in women's doubles for 32 weeks. Davenport won 55 WTA Tour-level singles titles, including three majors (the 1998 US Open, 1999 Wimbledon Championships, and 2000 Australian Open), the gold medal at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics, and the 1999 Tour Finals. She also won 38 doubles titles, including three majors (the 1996 French Open, 1997 US Open, and the 1999 Wimbledon Championships) and three consecutive Tour Finals.

In 2005, TENNIS Magazine ranked Davenport as the 29th-greatest player (male or female) of the preceding 40 years. She amassed career-earnings of US$22,166,338; formerly first in the all-time rankings. Davenport was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2014.
Wushishi tramway
The Wushishi tramway was a narrow gauge, 2 ft 6 in (762 mm), tramway linking Wushishi to Zungeru. The line ran for 12 miles (19 km) and served to connect the highest navigable point on the Kaduna River, Wushishi, with the administrative centre of the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria. Construction began in May 1901 and was finished by December in the same year.  A year later it was decided to extend the line 10 mile south along the river as Bari-Juko was judged to provide better facilities than Wushishi.  The line was not to last long as by 1910 the Baro-Kano Railway, which ran through Zungero, had been completed. The Wushishi Tramway was no longer so useful and the track was lifted and used to build the Bauchi Light Railway.

The tramway's first locomotive Engine No. 1 a Hunslet 0-6-0T (wks 762) is now preserved under a canopy at Minna Station.

Kaduna River
The Kaduna River is a tributary of the Niger River which flows for 550 kilometres (340 mi) through Nigeria. It got its name from the crocodiles that lived in the river and surrounding area. Kaduna in the native dialect, Hausa, was the word for "crocodiles", while in the Nupe language territory, through which the southern section of the river flows, including its confluence with the Niger, the river is called Lavun.
Pervomaysky, Kovrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast
Pervomaysky (Russian: Первомайский) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Novoselskoye Rural Settlement, Kovrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,341 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Kovrovsky District
Kovrovsky District (Russian: Ковро́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the sixteen in Vladimir Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,817 square kilometers (702 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Kovrov (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 30,174 (2021 census); 31,477 (2010 census); 31,148 (2002 Census); 30,044 (1989 Soviet census).
Torbjörn Tännsjö
Ulf Torbjörn Harald Tännsjö (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈtǔːrbjœɳ ˈtɛ̂nːɧøː]; born 13 December 1946 in Västerås) is a Swedish professor of philosophy and public intellectual. He has held a chair in Practical Philosophy at Stockholm University since 2002 and he is Affiliated Professor of Medical Ethics at Karolinska Institute. Tännsjö was associate professor of philosophy at Stockholm University from 1976 to 1993 and Research Fellow in Political Philosophy at the Swedish Research Council in the Humanities and Social Sciences between 1993 and 1995. Thereafter, he was a professor of Practical Philosophy at University of Gothenburg 1995–2001.

Swedish Research Council
The Swedish Research Council (Swedish: Vetenskapsrådet)  is a  Government agency in Sweden established in 2001, with the responsibility to support and develop basic scientific research. Its objective is for Sweden to be a leading nation in scientific research. The agency has three main functions:

To distribute government funding for basic research

To advise the government on issues related to scientific research

To communicate science and scientific research to the general public