hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Allison Beckford
Allison J. Beckford (born 8 May 1979) is a Jamaican sprinter competing in the 400 metres. She attended the Manning's School in Savanna-la-Mar, Westmoreland, Jamaica, where she was one of the star athletes coached by Howard Daugharty. She was also academically astute passing several CXC (Caribbean Examination Council) exams and also A-levels exams after completing her upper six forms education. Her personal best of 50.83 was set in 2002. She has also competed in 400 m hurdles.

Beckford was a part of the Jamaican team that won the bronze medal in the 4 x 400 metres relay at the 2003 World Championships in Athletics. She was not selected for the bronze-winning relay team at the 2004 Summer Olympics. She did compete in the 400 metre race, but suffered a severe hamstring injury.

Beckford is a relative  of long jumper James Beckford. She attended Rice University in Houston, Texas.

Savanna-la-Mar
Savanna-la-Mar (commonly known as Sav-la-Mar, or simply Sav) is the chief town and capital of Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. A coastal town, it contains an 18th-century fort constructed for colonial defence against pirates in the Caribbean.
Irakli Zhorzholiani
Irakli Zhorzholiani (born March 25, 1987) is a young Georgian politician and scientist. Currently he works as a director at the LEPL Children and Youth Development Fund of the Ministry of Sport and Youth Affairs of Georgia. For three years he was an intern at the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Parliament of Georgia. A recipient of special commendation for excellent education he served as a board member and the Head of International Relations at the Political Coalition - "Georgian Dream" Youth Movement, which successfully challenged the ruling United National Movement in the Georgian parliamentary election, 2012 and finally won the elections.

As a board member of the youth movement Irakli Zhorzholiani played prominent role within pre – election activities and hereby was the Special Commission Secretary of elections in Afghanistan (Helmand Province) where Georgian soldiers together with coalition forces make significant
contributions to defeat Taliban regime.

Ministry of Sport and Youth Affairs of Georgia
The Ministry of Sport & Youth Affairs of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს სპორტისა და ახალგაზრდობის საქმეთა სამინისტრო, sakartvelos sportisa da akhalgazrdobis sakmeta saministro) was a governmental agency within the Cabinet of Georgia in charge of regulating activities related to sports and youth development in Georgia. In December 2017 the ministry was merged with that of Culture to form the Ministry of Culture and Sport.
Billy Jack Goes to Washington
Billy Jack Goes to Washington is a 1977 American political drama film starring Tom Laughlin, the fourth  film in the Billy Jack series, and although the earlier films saw enormous success, this film did not.  The film only had limited screenings upon its release and never saw a general theatrical release, but has since become widely available on DVD. The film is a loose remake of the 1939 Frank Capra film Mr. Smith Goes to Washington, and is directed by Laughlin under the on-screen pseudonym "T.C. Frank".

Sam Wanamaker
Samuel Wanamaker (born Samuel Wattenmacker; June 14, 1919 – December 18, 1993) was an American actor and director, whose career on stage and in film and television spanned five decades. He began his career on Broadway, but spent most of his professional life in the United Kingdom, where he emigrated after becoming fearful of being blacklisted in Hollywood due to his communist views in the 1950s.

Wanamaker became extensively involved in British theater, while continuing film and television work, eventually returning to some Hollywood productions while remaining based in the UK. There, he is also credited as the person most responsible for the modern recreation of Shakespeare's Globe theatre in London, where he is commemorated in the name of the Sam Wanamaker Playhouse, the site's second theatre. He was awarded an honorary CBE for his work.

Wanamaker was the father of actress Zoë Wanamaker, and the uncle of film historian Marc Wanamaker.
C4 (conference)
C4 was a Macintosh software developers conference held in Chicago, Illinois. The conference ran from 2006 through 2009. It was created by Jonathan Rentzsch after the demise of MacHack. In May 2010 Rentzsch announced that he would no longer operate the conference due to a dissatisfaction with Apple's policies toward iPhone OS development and the lack of a strong negative reaction from the Apple developer community.

Delicious Monster
Delicious Monster is a software company based in Seattle, Washington, that sells the shareware software program Delicious Library. Its founders are Wil Shipley, one of the three co-founders of The Omni Group, and Mike Matas, who worked as an interface designer at The Omni Group. Matas left Delicious Monster in 2005 to work for Apple, but left the company in July 2009 to found Push Pop Press.

The company's name is based on the name of a plant that grows in the rainforests of tropical America, Monstera deliciosa.  It is colloquially known as the Swiss cheese plant.

Wil Shipley joined Apple in 2021 and published a blog post indicating that Delicious Library will not be further developed beyond keeping the software runnable on newer versions of macOS.
Ziaullah
Ziaullah Khan (born 12 December 1936) is a former Pakistani cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1955 to 1969.

Ziaullah was a left-handed batsman and slow left-arm orthodox spinner. His best season with the ball was 1962–63, when he took 30 wickets at an average of 15.23, and took five wickets in an innings four times. His best figures came in that season, when in a semi-final of the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy he took 5 for 14 and 4 for 53, as well as making 56 (the top score of the match) and 25, for Karachi B against Rawalpindi.

Rawalpindi cricket team
Rawalpindi cricket team is a first-class cricket team that represents Rawalpindi, Punjab. The team's home ground is Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium, Rawalpindi. They participate in the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy. They were refounded in the 2023/24 season after a revamp of the domestic structure.
David Kwalimwa
David Shikami Kwalimwa is a Kenyan multimedia sports journalist who currently works for the Nation Media Group. He previously worked at Sports TV in Uganda, K24 TV, Kiss TV as a sports producer and as a reporter for Goal.

Goal (website)
Goal, stylized in all caps and alternatively known as Goal.com, is a website currently dedicated to the coverage of international association football. Currently owned by the Integrated Media Company (IMC) division of TPG Inc. since 2020, it is published in 18 languages across 38 global regions and edited by over 500 contributors as of 2019.
Michurinsky, Novosibirsk Oblast
Michurinsky (Russian: Мичуринский) is a settlement (a posyolok) in Novosibirsky District of Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia. The administrative center of Michurinsky Selsoviet. Population: 1208 (2010 Census). Michurinsky is located between Yuny Leninets and Ogurtsovo (Sovetsky District of Novosibirsk).

Sovetsky District, Novosibirsk
Sovetsky District is an administrative district (raion), one of the 10 raions of Novosibirsk, Russia. It is located on the right and left banks of the Ob River. The area of the district is 89,2 km2 (34,4 sq mi). Population: 141,911 (2018 Census).
Rage (roller coaster)
Rage is a steel roller coaster situated at Adventure Island in Southend-on-Sea, Essex, England. Rage is a Gerstlauer Euro-Fighter model roller coaster (the 6th overall to be built). At 97 degrees, it is steeper-than-vertical and tied for the third steepest roller coaster in the United Kingdom. It is also tied six ways between itself, Fahrenheit, Speed: No Limits, SpongeBob SquarePants Rock Bottom Plunge, Typhoon, and Vild-Svinet.

Gerstlauer
48°18′36″N 10°26′59″E﻿ / ﻿48.31000°N 10.44972°E﻿ / 48.31000; 10.44972

Gerstlauer Amusement Rides GmbH is a German manufacturer of stationary and transportable amusement rides and roller coasters, located in Münsterhausen, Germany. As of May 2024, all 113 Gerstlauer-made rollercoasters are still in operation and at their original park, apart from Seifenkiste at Trampolino Familien- und Freizeitpark, which is currently in storage, and Pandemonium at Six Flags Discovery Kingdom, which now operates at Six Flags Mexico under the name of Joker.
Runyon Watershed
The Runyon Watershed is a reservoir system located in Old Bridge Township, New Jersey, United States, just south of Sayreville. It is operated by the Middlesex Water Company. The 1,100 acres (450 ha) watershed area was first established in the late 1800 when it was purchased by the city of Perth Amboy, which developed a reservoir and waterworks in the 1920s, and turned over management to the company in 2003. The area is protected, with more than 500 acres of the tract are wetlands that are from development by the state's 1990 Watershed Moratorium Act


 A weather station in Runyon recorded a high temperature of 110 °F (43 °C) on July 10, 1936, setting the record for the hottest temperature ever recorded in New Jersey.

Middlesex Water Company
Middlesex Water Company is a water utility based in the U.S. state of New Jersey that was first incorporated in 1897. The company declared an annual net income of $33.8M, with a revenue of $135.5M for fiscal year 2019.
Tintern
Tintern (Welsh: Tyndyrn) is a village in the community of Wye Valley, on the west bank of the River Wye in Monmouthshire, Wales, close to the border with England, about 5 miles (8 km) north of Chepstow. It is popular with tourists, in particular for the scenery and the ruined Tintern Abbey. Modern Tintern has been formed by the coalescence of two historic villages: Tintern Parva, forming the northern end of the village, and Chapel Hill, which forms the southern end. The village is designated as a Conservation Area.

In 2022 the community was renamed from "Tintern" to "Wye Valley" and had boundary changes.

Walter de Clare
Walter de Clare or Walter fitzRichard (died probably 1137 or 1138) was an Anglo-Norman nobleman and founder of Tintern Abbey. A member of a powerful family, Walter was a younger son who was given the Lordship of Striguil together with lands around Chepstow Castle by King Henry I of England sometime before 1119. Walter continued to appear in Henry's charters for the rest of the reign, and was an early supporter of King Stephen of England, Henry's successor as king. Walter last appears in the historical record in 1136 and died without children. His lands went to his nephew.
Pre-stopped consonant
In linguistics, pre-stopping, also known as pre-occlusion or pre-plosion, is a phonological process involving the historical or allophonic insertion of a very short stop consonant before a sonorant, such as a short [d] before a nasal [n] or a lateral [l], or a short [p] before a nasal [m]. The resulting sounds ([ᵈn, ᵈl, ᵖm]) are called pre-stopped consonants, or sometimes pre-ploded or (in Celtic linguistics) pre-occluded consonants, although technically [n] may be considered an occlusive/stop without the pre-occlusion.

A pre-stopped consonant behaves phonologically as a single consonant. That is, like affricates and trilled affricates, the reasons for considering these sequences to be single consonants lies primarily in their behavior. Phonetically they are similar or equivalent to stops with a nasal or lateral release.

Affricate
An affricate is a consonant that begins as a stop and releases as a fricative, generally with the same place of articulation (most often coronal). It is often difficult to decide if a stop and fricative form a single phoneme or a consonant pair. English has two affricate phonemes, /t͡ʃ/ and /d͡ʒ/, generally spelled ch and j, respectively.
TL 2636
TL 2636 (M-125) is an opioid drug derived from thebaine, one of the bridged oripavine family of drugs known as the Bentley compounds which includes drugs such as buprenorphine and etorphine. TL 2636 is closely related to etorphine and is a similarly potent opioid analgesic and sedative, but at low doses is characterised by producing pronounced nausea and vomiting, with a long duration of action. It was investigated as a potential incapacitating agent but was not successful due to a poor therapeutic index.

Bentley compounds
The Bentley compounds are a class of semi-synthetic opioids that were first synthesized by K. W. Bentley by Diels-Alder reaction of thebaine with various dienophiles. The compounds are also known as thevinols, orvinols, or bridged oripavine derivatives, due to the characteristic 6,14-endo-ethano- or etheno-bridge and substitution at the 7α position. Buprenorphine and etorphine are perhaps the best known of the family, which was the first series of extremely potent μ-opioid agonists, with some compounds in the series having over many thousands of times the analgesic potency of morphine.
Cathy Engelbert
Catherine M. Engelbert (born November 14, 1964) is an American businesswoman who has served as the commissioner of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) since 2019. She previously served as the first female CEO of Deloitte.

Engelbert worked for Deloitte for 33 years and was elected as its CEO in 2015, becoming the first woman to lead a Big Four accounting firm. In 2019, she was named the commissioner of the WNBA and made headlines in the following year for creating the Wubble amid the COVID-19 pandemic and supporting player activism. Engelbert has led the league to rapid commercial growth, historic popularity, and its most significant expansion in history, but has faced criticism over player compensation. She has been ranked among the most powerful businesswomen in the world by Fortune magazine for her roles in the WNBA and Deloitte.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on basketball
The COVID-19 pandemic caused disruption to basketball around the world, mirroring its impact across all sports. Around the world and to varying degrees, events and competitions were cancelled or postponed with limited or no spectators, and other restrictions in 2020 and 2021. The National Basketball Association (NBA) suspended its 2019–20 season due to one player testing positive from COVID-19, and began to resume the season later in 2020.
Environmental impact of silver nanoparticles
In 2015, 251 million tubes of toothpaste were sold in the United States. A single tube holds roughly 170 grams of toothpaste, so approximately 43 kilotonnes of toothpaste get washed into the water systems annually. Toothpaste contains silver nanoparticles, also known as nanosilver or AgNPs, among other compounds.

Each tube of toothpaste contains approximately 91 mg of silver nanoparticles, with approximately 3.9 tonnes of silver nanoparticles entering the environment annually. Silver nanoparticles are not entirely cleared from the water during the wastewater treatment process, possibly leading to detrimental environmental effects.

Toothpaste
Toothpaste is a paste or gel dentifrice that is used with a toothbrush to clean and maintain the aesthetics of teeth. Toothpaste is used to promote oral hygiene: it is an abrasive that aids in removing dental plaque and food from the teeth, assists in suppressing halitosis, and delivers active ingredients (most commonly fluoride) to help prevent tooth decay (dental caries) and gum disease (gingivitis). Due to variations in composition and fluoride content, not all toothpastes are equally effective in maintaining oral health. The decline of tooth decay during the 20th century has been attributed to the introduction and regular use of fluoride-containing toothpastes worldwide. Large amounts of swallowed toothpaste can be poisonous. Common colors for toothpaste include white (sometimes with colored stripes or green tint) and blue.
John Shurley (died 1616)
John Shurley (died October 1616), of 'The Friars', Lewes, Sussex, was an English politician.

He was a younger son of Edward Shurley (d. 1558) of Isfield, Sussex and Joan, daughter of John Fenner of Crawley. He was a fellow-commoner at Queens' College, Cambridge in 1562. He was admitted to the Middle Temple in August 1565 and was called to the bar sometime before November 1575. He became a bencher in 1587, was treasurer in 1601 and became a serjeant-at-law 1603.

He was an MP for Lewes 1572, 1589, 1597 and 1604; for Lostwithiel 1584 and was an active committee man.

He married twice, firstly Elizabeth, the daughter and coheiress of Richard Kyme of Lewes, with whom he had a daughter and secondly Frances, the daughter of Henry Capell of Hadham, Hertfordshire, with whom he had a son and 2 daughters.

He died in October 1616. His widow Frances was still alive, when his eldest son and heir John died in 1631.

Lostwithiel (UK Parliament constituency)
Lostwithiel was a rotten borough in Cornwall which returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons in the English and later British Parliament from 1304 to 1832, when it was abolished by the Great Reform Act.
Newton County Library System
The Newton County Library System (NCLS) is a consortium of two public libraries in Newton County, Georgia, United States. The system has libraries in Covington.

NCLS is a member of PINES, a program of the Georgia Public Library Service that covers 53 library systems in 143 counties of Georgia. Any resident in a PINES supported library system has access to over 10.6 million books in the system's circulation. The library is also serviced by GALILEO, a program of the University System of Georgia which stands for "Georgia Library Learning Online". This program offers residents in supported libraries access to over 100 databases indexing thousands of periodicals and scholarly journals. It also boasts over 10,000 journal titles in full text.

Newton County, Georgia
Newton County is a county located in the East Central region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 112,483. The county seat is Covington. Newton County is included in the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell MSA.
Ectoedemia ilicis
Ectoedemia ilicis is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in the western Mediterranean Region, in southern France and the Iberian Peninsula.

The wingspan is 5.1-7.2 mm. Adults are on wing from March to the end of June. There is one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Quercus coccifera, Quercus ilex, Quercus ilex rotundifolia and Quercus suber. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Male genitalia

Female genitalia

Female terminal abdominal segment

Quercus ilex
Quercus ilex, the holly oak, also (ambiguously, as many oaks are evergreen) evergreen oak, is a large evergreen oak native to the Mediterranean region. It is a member of the section Ilex of the genus, with acorns that mature in a single summer.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium is a type of epithelium that consists of a single layer of cuboidal (cube-like) cells which have large, spherical and central nuclei.

Simple cuboidal epithelium is found on the surface of ovaries, the lining of nephrons, the walls of the renal tubules, parts of the eye and thyroid, and in salivary glands.

On these surfaces, the cells perform secretion and filtration.

Secretion
Secretion is the movement of material from one point to another, such as a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland. In contrast, excretion is the removal of certain substances or waste products from a cell or organism. The classical mechanism of cell secretion is via secretory portals at the plasma membrane called porosomes. Porosomes are permanent cup-shaped lipoprotein structures embedded in the cell membrane, where secretory vesicles transiently dock and fuse to release intra-vesicular contents from the cell.

Secretion in bacterial species means the transport or translocation of effector molecules. For example, proteins, enzymes or toxins (such as cholera toxin in pathogenic bacteria e.g. Vibrio cholerae) move from across the interior (cytoplasm or cytosol) of a bacterial cell to its exterior. Secretion is a very important mechanism in bacterial functioning and operation in their natural surrounding environment for adaptation and survival.
Cubanola domingensis
Cubanola domingensis, or campanita, are small trees in the family Rubiaceae—which includes coffee, among other genera—endemic to the Dominican Republic. The plant is known for its downward-facing, trumpet-like blossoms.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Allcargo Gati Ltd
Allcargo Gati Limited is an Indian logistics company headquartered in Hyderabad, Telangana. It engages in surface and air express logistics, warehousing, supply chain, air freight, and e-commerce services. Founded in 1989, Gati first started operations between Madras (now Chennai) and Madurai.

In 2020, it was acquired by Allcargo Logistics. Shashi Kiran Shetty, chairman and founder of Allcargo Logistics Ltd., currently serves as the chairman. Gati is listed on the National Stock Exchange and Bombay Stock Exchange.

National Stock Exchange of India
National Stock Exchange of India Limited, also known as the National Stock Exchange (NSE), is an Indian stock exchange based in Mumbai.  It is the 5th largest stock exchange in the world by total market capitalization, exceeding $5 trillion in May 2024.

NSE is under the ownership of various financial institutions such as banks and insurance companies. As of 2024, it is the world's largest derivatives exchange by number of contracts traded and the third largest in cash equities by number of trades for the calendar year 2023.
Andreas of Samosata
Andreas was a bishop of Samosata about 430 CE. He took part in the Nestorian controversy against Cyril, Patriarch of Alexandria, in answer to whose anathemas he wrote two books, of the first of which a large part is quoted by Cyril, in his Apol. adv. Orientales, and of the second some fragments are contained in the Hodegus of Anastasius Sinaita. Though prevented by illness from being present at the Council of Ephesus (around 431), he joined Theodoret in his opposition to the agreement between Cyril and John of Antioch, and, like Theodoret, he changed his course, but at a much earlier period. Modern scholars credit him with the being the most active mediator between the two sides of the conflict, having an essentially centrist stance but ultimately flip-flopping in his position considerably.

About 436 he yielded to the persuasions of John, and joined in the condemnation of Nestorius. Eight letters by him are extant in Latin in the Epistolae of Lupus Servatus.

Samsat
Samsat (Kurdish: Samîsad, Ottoman Turkish صمصاد Semisat),  formerly Samosata (Ancient Greek: Σαμόσατα) is a small town in the Adıyaman Province of Turkey, situated on the upper Euphrates river. It is the seat of Samsat District. The town is populated by Kurds of the Bêzikan tribe.

Halil Fırat from the Justice and Development Party (AKP) was elected mayor in the local elections in March 2019. The current Kaymakam is Halid Yıldız.

Samsat was the ancient capital of Kingdom of Commagene. The current site of Samsat is comparatively new, however, being rebuilt in 1989 when the old town of Samosata was flooded during the construction of the Atatürk Dam. As of 2018, reconstruction process had not yet been fully completed. An ancient tell nearby dating back to Paleolithic times has survived to the current day.

Its population was 3,790 in 2022, up from 3,520 in 2017.