hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Convento de Santa Dorotea
The Convento de Santa Dorotea is an Augustinian nun's convent in Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. It is a Gothic construction, and dates back to 1387, when Dorotea Rodriguez Valderrama, along with other devout women formed a nun's community at the old church of Santa Maria la Blanca. The community adopted the rule of St. Augustine in 1429 with the support of Bishop Pablo de Santamaría. In 1457 they moved to the church of San Andrés, until in 1470 they settled in the current location in the barrio of San Pedro y San Felices. Among the many benefactors who favored the monastery was King John II of Castile. Tombs of note include those of Alonso de Ortega (died 1501), and Bishop Juan de Ortega, the work of Nicholas de Vergara, 1516.

Barrio
Barrio (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbarjo]; lit. 'quarter, neighborhood') is generally defined as each area of a city delimited by functional (e.g., residential, commercial, industrial, etc.), social, architectural or morphological features. In Spain, in most of Latin America, and in the Philippines, the term may also be used to officially denote a division of a municipality. The word barrio is an Arabism, as it is derived from the Arabic word barriyy (بري; 'wild, exterior').
Androcalva fraseri
Androcalva fraseri, commonly known as blackfellow's hemp or brush kurrajong, is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a small tree or shrub that forms suckers and has egg-shaped or lance-shaped leaves with serrated edges, and clusters of 13 to 21 white flowers.

Basal shoot
Basal shoots, root sprouts, adventitious shoots, and suckers are words for various kinds of shoots that grow from adventitious buds on the base of a tree or shrub, or from adventitious buds on its roots. Shoots that grow from buds on the base of a tree or shrub are called basal shoots; these are distinguished from shoots that grow from adventitious buds on the roots of a tree or shrub, which may be called root sprouts or suckers. A plant that produces root sprouts or runners is described as surculose. Water sprouts produced by adventitious buds may occur on the above-ground stem, branches or both of trees and shrubs. Suckers are shoots arising underground from the roots some distance from the base of a tree or shrub.
Ian Bowditch
Ian Bowditch (9 March 1939 – 25 February 2008) was an Australian fencer.  He competed in the team épée event at the 1964 Summer Olympics.  Before this, Ian and his brother Bruce were both awarded full blues for fencing as members of the Melbourne University Fencing Club.

Bowditch, who trained as a lawyer, helped draft the Constitution of Nauru while working as an Australian Government Legal Officer prior to Nauru's independence.  He later practiced as a barrister at the Victorian Bar for over 25 years (signing the Victorian Bar Roll on 24 November 1983 and retiring in 2003).

He was the father of singer Clare Bowditch.

Épée
The épée (/ˈɛpeɪ, ˈeɪ-/, French: [epe]; lit. 'sword'), also rendered as epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.

As a thrusting weapon, the épée is similar to a foil (contrasted with a sabre, which is designed for slashing). It has a stiffer blade than a foil. It is triangular in cross-section with a V-shaped groove called a fuller. The épée also has a larger bell guard designed to protect the user’s arm. In addition to the larger "bell" guard and blade, the épée weighs more than the foil and sabre which contributes to its reputation of being the slowest form of fencing. The techniques of use differ, as there are no rules regarding priority and a lack of right of way. Thus, immediate counterattacks are a common feature of épée fencing. The entire body is a valid target area.
Texas's 31st congressional district
Texas's 31st congressional district of the United States House of Representatives covers a strip of Central Texas from the northern Austin suburbs up to Temple and Gatesville.

The district is centered around Bell and Williamson counties, two fast-growing suburban counties north of Austin; it includes the Williamson County portion of Austin itself. It also includes much of the area surrounding Fort Hood, giving the district a strong military presence, as well as four rural counties to the north and west of the district.

John Carter has served as the representative from this district since its creation. The 31st district is one of only two districts in Texas (the other being the 36th district) that has never been represented by a member of the Democratic Party.

Central Texas
Central Texas is a region in the U.S. state of Texas roughly bordered on the west by San Saba, to the southeast by Bryan-College Station, the south by San Marcos and to the north by Hillsboro. Central Texas overlaps with and includes part of the Texas Hill Country and corresponds to a physiographic section designation within the Edwards Plateau, in a geographic context.

Central Texas includes the metropolitan areas of: Killeen-Temple, Bryan–College Station, Waco and Austin–Round Rock (also part of the Capital region). The Austin–Round Rock and Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood areas are among the fastest-growing metropolitan areas in the state. In the south, the Greater Austin and Greater San Antonio areas are separated from each other by approximately 80 miles (129 km) along I-35. It is anticipated that both regions may form a new metroplex similar to Dallas-Fort Worth. The largest U.S. Army installation in the country, Fort Hood, is located near Killeen.
Chariesthes freya
Chariesthes freya is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Karl Jordan in 1894. It is known from the Ivory Coast, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It contains the variety Chariesthes freya var. itzingeri.

Karl Jordan (zoologist, born 1861)
Heinrich Ernst Karl Jordan (7 December 1861 – 12 January 1959) was a German-British entomologist. He took a special interest in the taxonomy and classification of butterflies, beetles and fleas. Jordan was a founder of the International Congress of Entomology.
Cease to Exist (song)
"Cease to Exist" is a song by American deathcore band Suicide Silence. The track was released as the first single from their fourth studio album, You Can't Stop Me on May 6, 2014. It was the band's first single with singer Hernan "Eddie" Hermida.

You Can't Stop Me (album)
You Can't Stop Me is the fourth studio album by American deathcore band Suicide Silence. It was released in the UK on July 14, 2014 and in North America on July 15 by Nuclear Blast. It is the first album featuring vocalist Hernan "Eddie" Hermida, and the first album without original lead vocalist Mitch Lucker, who died in 2012.
Martisco station
Martisco station, also known as Martisco Station Railway Museum, is a railroad station in Martisco, Onondaga County, New York. It was built in 1870 by the Auburn and Syracuse Railroad, and is a two-story, Italianate style brick building.  Decorative brackets support an unusually long overhang of the roof. The line and station were eventually acquired by the New York Central Railroad. The station is owned by the Central New York Chapter of the National Railway Historical Society, and is open as a museum during limited hours in the summer.  Adjacent to the station is a contributing Pennsylvania Railroad dining car.: 3

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007 as Martisco Station.

Auburn and Syracuse Railroad
The Auburn and Syracuse Railroad was incorporated on May 1, 1834, to provide easy access between Auburn, New York, and the Erie Canal. Construction was begun in 1835, but was delayed during the Panic of 1837. Although the economic downturn lingered until 1843, the railroad was completed by January 1838.

In August 1850, the Auburn and Syracuse Railroad joined the Auburn and Rochester Railroad to form the Rochester and Syracuse Railroad, which later merged with the New York Central Railroad.
Vanover
Vanover or VanOver is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jilon VanOver (born 1978), American actor

Larry Vanover (born 1955), American baseball umpire

Roscoe Vanover (1863–1927), American judge

Tamarick Vanover (born 1974), American football player

Tamarick Vanover
Tamarick Vanover (born February 25, 1974) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Kansas City Chiefs and the San Diego Chargers of the NFL and the Las Vegas Posse of the Canadian Football League (CFL). During his time in the NFL, he primarily played as a kick and punt returner, returning 8 punts and kickoffs for a touchdown in his career.
Portrait of Henry Addington (Copley)
Portrait of Henry Addington is a c.1798 portrait painting by the Anglo-American artist John Singleton Copley. It depicts the British politician Henry Addington who served as Speaker of the House of Commons from 1789 to 1801. He then served as Prime Minister between 1801 and 1804.

Addington is depicted at full-length in his speaker's robes with the ceremonial mace on the table and view of the House of Parliament on the left. It was one of four paintings Copley submitted to the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition at Somerset House. It was criticised in a review in the Whitehall Evening Post. Today the painting is in the collection of the Saint Louis Art Museum in Missouri.

Royal Academy Summer Exhibition
The Summer Exhibition is an open art exhibition held annually by the Royal Academy in Burlington House, Piccadilly in central London, England, during June, July, and August. The exhibition includes paintings, prints, drawings, sculpture, architectural designs and models, and is the largest and most popular open exhibition in the United Kingdom. It is also "the longest continuously staged exhibition of contemporary art in the world".

When the Royal Academy was founded in 1768, one of its key objectives was to establish an annual exhibition, open to all artists of merit, which could be visited by the public. The first Summer Exhibition took place in 1769; it has been held every year since without exception.
George Peabody (sculpture)
George Peabody is a bronze statue of George Peabody (1795–1869), by William Wetmore Story. The bronze, cast in Rome at Alessandro Nelli's foundry, is located in the east garden of Mount Vernon Place, Baltimore.

It was dedicated on April 7, 1890.

Alessandro Nelli
Alessandro Nelli (Rome, 28 January 1842 – Russia?, after 1897) was an Italian entrepreneur. Nelli was the founder of the Fonderia Nelli (Nelli Foundry), which was the leading sculpture foundry in Rome from 1880 to 1900. He participated to national, international and universal exhibitions, winning several prizes and medals. He exported more than 100 pieces to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. Nelli made artistic bronzes for several Italian and foreign artists, including several American artists.
Sander, Norway
Sander is a village in Sør-Odal Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located along the river Glomma, about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southeast of the village of Skarnes. The village has a train station, a kindergarten, an elementary school and a grocery store. The area around the village is dominated by agriculture. Strøm Church lies about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northwest of Sander. The local sports club is Sander IL.

The 0.26-square-kilometre (64-acre) village has a population (2024) of 294 and a population density of 1,131 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,930/sq mi).

The Kongsvingerbanen railway line runs through the village. There is a bridge over the river Glomma at Sander, which connects the village to the European route E16 highway that runs along the other side of the river.

European route E16
European route E16 is the designation of a main west–east road through Northern Ireland, Scotland, Norway and Sweden, from Derry to Gävle, via Belfast, Glasgow, Edinburgh, previously by ferry to Bergen, Voss, through the Gudvanga Tunnel and the Lærdal Tunnel (the world's longest road tunnel), Lærdal, over Filefjell to Fagernes, Hønefoss, Gardermoen and Kongsvinger. In Sweden, it passes Malung, Falun and ends in Gävle.
Yamagata Domain
Yamagata Domain (山形藩, Yamagata-han) was a feudal domain in Edo period Japan, located in Dewa Province (modern-day Yamagata Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Yamagata Castle in what is now the city of Yamagata. Unlike some han whose control was relatively stable throughout the Edo period (1603–1867), Yamagata changed hands a great number of times during its history.

Yamagata Prefecture
Yamagata Prefecture (山形県, Yamagata-ken) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. It has a population of 1,005,926 (1 February 2025) and an area of 9,325 km2 (3,600 sq mi). Its neighbours are Akita Prefecture to the north, Miyagi Prefecture to the east, Fukushima Prefecture to the south, and Niigata Prefecture to the southwest.

The capital and largest city is Yamagata, with other major cities being Tsuruoka, Sakata and Yonezawa. The prefecture is located on Japan's western Sea of Japan coast and its borders with neighboring prefectures are formed by various mountain ranges, with 17% of its total land area being designated as Natural Parks. Yamagata Prefecture formed the southern half of the historic Dewa Province with Akita Prefecture and is home to the Three Mountains of Dewa, which includes the Haguro Five-story Pagoda, a recognised National Treasure of Japan.
George Parsons (rugby)
George W. Parsons (21 April 1926 – November 2009) was a Welsh dual-code international rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s and 1950s. He played representative level rugby union (RU) for Wales, and at club level for Abertillery RFC, Cardiff RFC, Newport RFC (two spells), and Newbridge RFC, as a lock,  and representative level rugby league (RL) for Great Britain and Wales, and at club level for St. Helens, Rochdale Hornets and Salford, as a second-row. He coached Salford from 1960 to 1963.

Newbridge RFC
Newbridge RFC is a Welsh rugby union club based in Newbridge, Caerphilly, in South Wales. Newbridge RFC was formed in 1888 and joined the WRU in 1911. They currently play in the WRU Admiral Community Premiership
Oracle Spatial and Graph
Oracle Spatial and Graph, formerly Oracle Spatial, is a free option component of the Oracle Database. The spatial features in Oracle Spatial and Graph aid users in managing geographic and location-data in a native type within an Oracle database, potentially supporting a wide range of applications — from automated mapping, facilities management, and geographic information systems (AM/FM/GIS), to wireless location services and location-enabled e-business. The graph features in Oracle Spatial and Graph include Oracle Network Data Model (NDM) graphs used in traditional network applications in major transportation, telcos, utilities and energy organizations and RDF semantic graphs used in social networks and social interactions and in linking disparate data sets to address requirements from the research, health sciences, finance, media and intelligence communities.

Oracle Database
Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle DBMS, Oracle Autonomous Database, or simply as Oracle) is a proprietary multi-model database management system produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation.

It is a database commonly used for running online transaction processing (OLTP), data warehousing (DW) and mixed (OLTP & DW) database workloads. Oracle Database is available by several service providers on-premises, on-cloud, or as a hybrid cloud installation.  It may be run on third party servers as well as on Oracle hardware (Exadata on-premises, on Oracle Cloud or at Cloud at Customer).

Oracle Database uses SQL for database updating and retrieval.
Hash (food)
Hash is a dish consisting of chopped meat, potatoes, and fried onions. The name is derived from French hacher, meaning 'to chop'.

Canned corned beef hash became especially popular in countries such as Britain and France during and after the Second World War as rationing limited the availability of fresh meat.

Hash may be served for breakfast, lunch, or supper. When served for breakfast in the United States, hash may come with eggs, toast, hollandaise sauce, or baked beans.

High-end restaurants offer sophisticated hash dishes on their menus. Modern preparations have been made with unconventional ingredients, such as lamb, fish, venison, turkey, chicken, shrimp, or steak.

Lunch
Lunch is a meal typically consumed around the middle of the day, following breakfast and preceding dinner. It varies in form, size, and significance across cultures and historical periods. In some societies, lunch constitutes the main meal of the day and may consist of multiple courses, while in others it is lighter and more utilitarian in nature. The foods consumed at lunch differ widely according to local dietary customs, ranging from simple items such as sandwiches or salads to more elaborate meals involving rice, noodles, or soups. Regional and cultural practices continue to shape lunch traditions, which are further influenced by factors such as religion, geography, and economic context.

Health authorities recommend  that lunch meals include a balanced combination of carbohydrates, vegetables, fruit and protein while remaining light and easy to prepare. The UK National Health Service provides numerous healthy lunch recipes designed to support balanced nutrition.
Karulina Kare
Karulina Kare (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1970 Kannada-language romantic drama film directed and written by Puttanna Kanagal. The film stars Rajkumar, Kalpana and R. Nagendra Rao. The film was remade in Telugu in 1972-73 as Pedda Koduku starring Sobhan Babu.

The film went on to win the Best Editing and Best Sound recording awards in the Karnataka State Awards for the year 1970–71.

Puttanna Kanagal
Shubraveshti Ramaswamiah Seetharama Sharma  (1 December 1933 – 5 June 1985), known popularly as S. R. Puttanna Kanagal, was an Indian filmmaker known for his work in Kannada cinema. He is often considered one of Indian cinema's most influential filmmakers.
Mass media in Tanzania
Mass media in Tanzania includes print, radio, television, and the Internet. The "Tanzania Communications Regulatory Act" of 2003 created the Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority, which oversees broadcast licensing. The Media Council of Tanzania began in 1995.

Mass media in Africa
The media in Africa is expanding rapidly due to advances in telecommunications, especially mobile phones and the internet.  In newspaper reporting, many Africans have won international media awards. In writing both prose and poetry, many awards have also been won by Africans, and Africa now claims a Nobel Laureate in Literature, Prof. Wole Soyinka of Nigeria.
Abteiland
The Abteiland ("Abbey Land") is a former estate owned by Niedernburg Abbey above Passau. From the early 13th century until the seizure of church property under Napoleon in 1803, the region belonged to the Hochstift or Prince-Bishopric of Passau with the prince bishop as its secular and spiritual head. The region lies in the Bavarian Forest north of the River Danube and east of the River Ilz. It was crossed by a historical trade route, the Goldener Steig ("Golden Trail"). Its main settlement was Waldkirchen, which was granted wide-ranging rights by the prince bishops of Passau.

The Abteiland has great significance as a cultural landscape rich in species and habitats and is viewed as a refugium for endangered plants and animals. Together with the Neuburg Forest it forms natural region no. 408 - the Passau Abteiland and Neuburg Forest - within the Upper Palatine-Bavarian Forest.

In April 2011, the Abteiland Working Group was formed from the following eleven municipalities:

Natural regions of Germany
This division of Germany into major natural regions takes account primarily of geomorphological, geological, hydrological, and pedological criteria in order to divide the country into large, physical units with a common geographical basis. Political boundaries play no part in this, apart from defining the national border.

In addition to a division of Germany by natural regions, the federal authorities have also produced a division by so-called landscape areas (Landschaftsräume) that is based more on human utilisation of various regions and so has clearly different boundaries.
Donovan Smith (quarterback)
Donovan Lamont Smith (born October 27, 2001) is an American football quarterback for the Houston Gamblers of the United Football League (UFL). He played college football for the Houston Cougars and the Texas Tech Red Raiders.

Texas Tech Red Raiders football
The Texas Tech Red Raiders football program is a college football team that represents Texas Tech University (variously "TTU"). The Red Raiders competes as a member of the Big 12 Conference, which is a Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The program began in 1925 and has an overall winning record, including a total of 12 conference titles and one conference division title. On November 8, 2021, Joey McGuire was hired as the team's 17th head football coach, replacing Matt Wells, who was fired in the middle of the 2021 season. Home games are played at Jones AT&T Stadium in Lubbock, Texas.
Pegasidae
The seamoths make up a family of ray-finned fishes, the Pegasidae, within the order Syngnathiformes. They are named after Pegasus, a creature from Greek mythology. Seamoths are notable for their unusual appearance, including flattened bodies, the presence of large, wing-like, pectoral fins, a long snout, and a body encased in thick, bony plates. They are found primarily in coastal tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific.

Snout
A snout is the protruding portion of an animal's face, consisting of its nose, mouth, and jaw. In many animals, the structure is called a muzzle, rostrum, beak, trunk or proboscis. The wet furless surface around the nostrils of the nose of many mammals is called the rhinarium (colloquially this is the "cold wet snout" of some mammals). The rhinarium is often associated with a stronger sense of olfaction.
Lippmann electrometer
A Lippmann electrometer is a device for detecting small rushes of electric current and was invented by Gabriel Lippmann in 1873.
The device consists of a tube which is thick on one end and very thin on the other. The thin end is designed to act as a capillary tube. The tube is half-filled with mercury with a small amount of dilute sulfuric acid above the mercury in the capillary tube. Metal wires are connected at the thick end into the mercury and at the thin end into the sulfuric acid.

When the pulse of electricity arrives it changes the surface tension of the mercury and allows it to leap up a short distance in the capillary tube. This device was used in the first practical ECG machine which was invented by Augustus Desiré Waller.

Capillary action
Capillary action (sometimes called capillarity, capillary motion, capillary rise, capillary effect, or wicking) is the process of a liquid flowing in a narrow space without the assistance of external forces like gravity.

The effect can be seen in the drawing up of liquids between the hairs of a paint brush, in a thin tube such as a straw, in porous materials such as paper and plaster, in some non-porous materials such as clay and liquefied carbon fiber, or in biological cells.

It occurs because of intermolecular forces between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. If the diameter of the tube is sufficiently small, then the combination of surface tension (which is caused by cohesion within the liquid) and adhesive forces between the liquid and container wall act to propel the liquid.