hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Madruga (surname)
Madruga is a surname of Portuguese origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Alberto Madruga da Costa (born 1940), Azorean politician

Djan Madruga (born 1958), Brazilian swimmer

Ivanna Madruga (born 1961), Argentine tennis player

Núria Madruga (born 1980), Portuguese actress and model

Pedro Madruga (c. 1430 – 1486), Count of Caminha

Roger Madruga (born 1964), Brazilian swimmer

Teresa Madruga (born 1953), Portuguese actress

Teresa Madruga
Teresa Madruga (born 18 March 1953) is a Portuguese actress. She has appeared in 71 films and television shows since 1977. She starred in the 1983 film In the White City, which was entered into the 33rd Berlin International Film Festival.
Brittas, County Dublin
Brittas (Irish: Briotáis, meaning "wooden parapet") is a rural village in County Dublin, just north of the border with County Wicklow on the N81 road. It is in the local government area of South Dublin. The village is notable for five sycamore tree-stump carvings by the side of the road depicting Irish mythological figures carved in 2018.

The River Camac originates close to Brittas before descending through the Slade of Saggart to Saggart and beyond.

South Dublin
South Dublin (Irish: Átha Cliath Theas) is a county in Ireland, within the province of Leinster and the Eastern and Midland Region. It is one of three successor counties to County Dublin, which was disestablished for administrative purposes in 1994. South Dublin County Council is the local authority for the county. The county contains both dense suburbs of Dublin and stretches of unpopulated mountains. In 2022 it had a population of 301,075, making it the fourth most populous county in the state.
Diomaténé
Diomaténé  is a village and rural commune in the Cercle of Sikasso in the Sikasso Region of southern Mali. The commune covers an area of 96 square kilometers and includes four villages. In the 2009 census, it had a population of 4,274. The village of Diomaténé, the chef-lieu of the commune, is 11 km north of Sikasso.

Sikasso Region
Sikasso Region (Bambara: ߛߌߞߊߛߏ ߘߌߣߋߖߊ tr. Sikaso Dineja) is the southernmost region of Mali. The region's capital city, Sikasso, is the country's second-largest city. Major ethnic groups include the Senoufo, known for masks and reverence for animals, the Samago, known for being Mali's best farmers, and the main ethnic group in Mali, the Bambara people.
Eivind Osnes
Eivind Osnes (born 11 May 1938) is a Norwegian physicist.

He took his dr.philos. degree at the University of Oslo in 1966. His specialty became theoretical nuclear physics. He became docent at the University of Oslo in 1977 and professor in 1985. He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. In 2009 he received the King's Medal of Merit in gold. Osnes is one out of two Norwegian delegates to the CERN Council.

Osnes chaired the Norwegian Board of Technology from 1999 to 2007.

Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons.

Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields such as nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering.

Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements.
Railways of Novorossiya
The Railways of Novorossiya (Russian: Железные дороги Новороссии, romanized: Zheleznye dorogi Novorossii) is a state-owned railway company headquartered in Donetsk, both managing infrastructure and operating freight and passenger train services in Donetsk People's Republic, Lugansk People's Republic, and Russian-controlled areas of Kherson and Zaporizhzhia oblasts.

Railways of Novorossiya is a unitary enterprise company independent of Russian Railways. It was established on 29 March 2023, following the Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts from units of Prydnipro Railways and Donets Railway of Ukrainian Railways.

Donets Railway
The Donets Railway (Ukrainian: Донецька залізниця, romanized: Donetska zaliznytsia) is a railway in Donbas, Eastern Ukraine. It is one of six rail systems owned and operated by Ukrainian Railways. It is part-owned by the Ukrainian government; Russia has claimed it since the 2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine. Because of that, only part of the Donetsk Railway is operational. In December 2014, a regional branch of Ukrzaliznytsia Donetsk Railway was created and the headquarters was moved from Donetsk to Lyman.
Harold L. Ickes Homes
Harold L. Ickes Homes was a Chicago Housing Authority (CHA) public housing project on the Near South Side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. It was bordered between Cermak Road to the north, 24th Place to the south, State Street to the east, and Federal Street to the west, making it part of the State Street Corridor that included other CHA properties: Robert Taylor Homes, Dearborn Homes, Stateway Gardens and Hilliard Homes.

Near South Side, Chicago
The Near South Side is one of the 77 community areas of Chicago in Illinois, United States, just south of the downtown central business district, the Loop.

The Near South Side's boundaries are as follows: North—Roosevelt Road (1200 S); South—26th Street; West—Chicago River between Roosevelt and 18th Street, Clark Street between 18th Street and Cermak Road, Federal between Cermak Road and the Stevenson Expressway just south of 25th Street, and Clark Street again between the Stevenson and 26th Street; and East—Lake Michigan.

Along Lake Shore Drive, the Near South Side includes some of Chicago's best-known structures: Soldier Field, home of the NFL's Chicago Bears; McCormick Place, Chicago's primary convention center; the Museum Campus, which contains the Field Museum, the Shedd Aquarium, and the Adler Planetarium; and Northerly Island. The area is currently undergoing a major residential and mixed-use redevelopment.
Ajit Singh (Bihar politician)
Er. Ajeet Kumar is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Bihar Legislative Assembly from Kanti in the February 2005, October 2005 and 2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election as a member of the Janata Dal (United). He joined Hindustani Awam Morcha when former Chief Minister of Bihar, Jitan Ram Manjhi, who left the Janata Dal (United) along with 18 others to form the party following the 2015 Bihar political crisis. He lost Kanti seat in 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election.

October 2005 Bihar Legislative Assembly election
Bihar Assembly elections were held twice in the year 2005. There was a fractured verdict in the February 2005 Assembly Election. Since no government could be formed in Bihar, fresh elections were held in October–November the same year.

The Janata Dal (United) emerged as the majority seat winner after the Oct- Nov 2005 election, and ruled along with the Bharatiya Janata Party (2nd Highest) as part of the National Democratic Alliance. The incumbent chief minister was Nitish Kumar.

One of the oldest political parties in India, the Indian National Congress, surprisingly finished 4th and 5th in both the elections respectively.
Ilam 2 (constituency)
Ilam 2 is one of two parliamentary constituencies of Ilam District in Nepal. This constituency came into existence on the Constituency Delimitation Commission (CDC) report submitted on 31 August 2017. After the sudden death of Subash Chandra Nembang the constituency is now vacant and the sub election will be happening on 2024 April 27.

Ilam District
Ilam district (Nepali: इलाम जिल्लाListenⓘ) is one of 14 districts of Koshi Province of eastern Nepal. It is a Hill district and covers 1,703 km2 (658 sq mi). The 2011 census counted 290,254 inhabitants.  The municipality of Ilam is the district headquarters and is about 600 km (370 mi) from Kathmandu.

Ilam attracts many researchers and scientists for the study of medicinal and aromatic plants, orchids, rare birds and the red panda. Ilam stretches from the Terai belt to the upper hilly belt of this Himalayan nation.
Suva City Urban (Fijian Communal Constituency, Fiji)
Suva City Fijian Urban Communal is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 23 communal constituencies reserved for indigenous Fijians. Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. (Of the remaining 48 seats, 23 were reserved for other ethnic communities and 25, called Open Constituencies, were elected by universal suffrage). The electorate covered the central part of Suva City.

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

1997 Constitution of Fiji
The 1997 Constitution of Fiji was the supreme law of Fiji from its adoption in 1997 until 2009 when President Josefa Iloilo purported to abrogate it. It was also suspended for a period following the 2000 coup d'état led by George Speight.
Richard Mays
Richard Leon Mays Sr. (born August 5, 1943) an American retired politician, judge, lawyer, and businessman from the U.S. state of Arkansas. Elected to the Arkansas House of Representatives in 1972, he was one of the first three African Americans to serve in the Arkansas General Assembly since the Reconstruction era. Governor Bill Clinton appointed Mays to the Arkansas Supreme Court in 1980.

Arkansas General Assembly
The General Assembly of Arkansas is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Arkansas. The legislature is a bicameral body composed of the upper house Arkansas Senate with 35 members, and the lower Arkansas House of Representatives with 100 members. All 135 representatives and state senators represent an equal number of constituent districts.

The General Assembly convenes on the second Monday of every year. In odd-numbered years it may consider any bill or resolution; in even-numbered years it may only consider appropriations bills. A session lasts for 60 days unless the legislature votes to extend it. The governor of Arkansas can issue a "call" for a special session during the interims between regular sessions. The General Assembly meets at the Arkansas State Capitol in Little Rock.
Little Flowers' School
Little Flowers' School is a co-educational higher secondary school situated in Uttarpara, Hooghly by the river Ganges, near Uttarpara Govt. High School and Peary Mohan College on Amarendra Nath Sarani. It was established in 1981 and runs in two language mediums.

The Bengali medium is a primary one and is run in the morning. The English medium which is run as the day section is a secondary school.

The school was conceived as a side project of Model Education Society, a local philanthropic and charitable society. It started out as a Bengali medium school and gradually expanded its number of classes and included the English medium section. Its first Principal was Late Prof. Syamadas Mukherjee.

The English medium section received its recognition from WBBSE in 2010 and WBCHSE in 2015.

West Bengal Board of Secondary Education
The West Bengal Board of Secondary Education (WBBSE) is the West Bengal state government administered autonomous examining authority for the Standard 10 examination (or secondary school level examination) of West Bengal, India. It came into force by the West Bengal Board of Secondary Education Act-1963. They conduct board exams every year. This exam is organized every February. The next exam will be held in 2026
Thomas Chaplin (MP for Stamford)
Thomas Chaplin (17 April 1794 – 10 May 1863) was a British politician and Army officer.

The son of Charles Chaplin, Thomas lived in Blankney in Lincolnshire.  He was appointed as a captain in the Coldstream Guards, and also became a lieutenant-colonel.  He served overseas in the Peninsular War, but was seriously injured at the Siege of San Sebastián in 1813, and receiving a pension of £50.

At the 1826 UK general election, Chaplin stood for the Conservative Party in Stamford, winning the seat, and holding it in 1830.  He was defeated in the 1831 UK general election, but regained his seat in 1832, holding it until 1838, when he resigned by accepting the Chiltern Hundreds.  Unusually for a Conservative, he supported the replacement of the Assessed Taxes by a property tax.

Blankney
Blankney is a village and civil parish in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 251. The village is situated approximately 9 miles (14 km) south from the city and county town of Lincoln and 9 miles north from Sleaford.

Blankney is a small stone-built estate village, built around the large estate of Blankney Hall.

According to the 2021 census, the population was 261.
Salon of 1852
The Salon of 1852 was an art exhibition held at the Palais-Royal in Paris 15 May and 31 October 1852. Organised by the Académie des Beaux-Arts, it took place in the Galerie d’Orléans.

It was the first Salon to be held following the December 1851 coup that overthrew the Second Republic, with Napoleon III proclaimed Emperor later that year.
Charles-François Daubigny of the Barbizon School displayed a landscape painting The Harvest. Auguste-Barthélemy Glaize exhibited the history painting The Gallic Women. Théodore Rousseau's Oak Grove, Apremont was purchased by Charles, Duc de Morny, Napoleon's half-brother.

The veteran artist Horace Vernet displayed a scene of recent history The Siege of Rome showing the 1849 siege of the city. Commissioned for the Palace of Versailles received a negative reception from both the public and the art critics.

Horace Vernet
Émile Jean-Horace Vernet (French pronunciation: [emil ʒɑ̃ ɔʁas vɛʁnɛ]; 30 June 1789 – 17 January 1863), better known as Horace Vernet, was a French painter of battles, portraits, and Orientalist subjects.
Eshwara Khandre
Eshwar Bheemanna Khandre (born 15 January 1962) is an Indian politician from Karnataka. He is serving as a cabinet minister in the Government of Karnataka since May 2023. He is also serving as the Working President of the Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee, since 2018. He is a Member of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly from Bhalki constituency since 25 May 2008.

Government of Karnataka
The Government of Karnataka, abbreviated as GoK or GoKA, formerly known as  Government of Mysore (1956–1974), is a democratically elected state body with the governor as the ceremonial head to govern the Southwest Indian state of Karnataka. The governor who is appointed for five years appoints the chief minister and on the advice of the chief minister appoints their council of ministers. Even though the governor remains the ceremonial head of the state, the day-to-day running of the government is taken care of by the chief minister and their council of ministers in whom a great amount of legislative powers are vested.
Rissoa
Rissoa is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Rissoidae.

The genus was first introduced by M. de Freminville for some small shells observed by M. Antoine Risso, a distinguished naturalist of Nice, France. They were described by M. Demarest in 1814 in the "New Bulletin of the Philomatic Society".

George Montagu (naturalist)
George Montagu (1753 – 20 June 1815) was a British military officer and ornithologist. He was known for his pioneering Ornithological Dictionary of 1802, which for the first time accurately defined the status of Britain's birds. He is remembered today for species such as Montagu's harrier, named after him.
Colvin G. Butler
Colvin Garfield Butler (July 17, 1880 – April 15, 1961) was an American farmer, Presbyterian clergyman, and politician.

Butler was born in Perham, Otter Tail County, Minnesota. He went to the Perham elementary schools and graduated from the Kennedy Secondary School (formerly the Fergus Falls High School) in Fergus Falls, Minnesota. He went to the Park Region Luther College, Hamline University, Presbyterian Theological Seminary, in Omaha, Nebraska, and Buena Vista University in Sioux City, Iowa. Butler lived in Fergus Falls, Minnesota with his wife and family. He served in the Minnesota House of Representatives in 1939 and 1940 and in the Minnesota Senate from 1943 to 1950. Butler died at his home in Fergus Falls, Minnesota.

Minnesota Senate
The Minnesota Senate is the upper house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota. At 67 members, half as many as the Minnesota House of Representatives, it is the largest upper house of any U.S. state legislature. Floor sessions are held in the west wing of the State Capitol in Saint Paul. Committee hearings, as well as offices for senators and staff, are located north of the State Capitol in the Minnesota Senate Building. Each member of the Minnesota Senate represents approximately 85,000 constituents.
Biskupice (Prostějov District)
Biskupice (German: Biskupitz) is a municipality and village in Prostějov District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

Biskupice lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) east of Prostějov, 15 km (9 mi) south of Olomouc, and 214 km (133 mi) east of Prague.

Olomouc
Olomouc (Czech pronunciation: [ˈolomouts] ⓘ; German: Olmütz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 103,000 inhabitants, making it the sixth largest city in the country. It is the administrative centre of the Olomouc Region.

Located on the Morava River, the city is the ecclesiastical metropolis and was a historical co-capital city of Moravia, before having been occupied by the Swedish army during the Thirty Years' War. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as urban monument reservation. The Holy Trinity Column was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 for its quintessential Baroque style and symbolic value.
David M. Bennett
David M. Bennett is a San Francisco Bay Area businessman who co-founded Mollie Stone’s Markets, a family-owned chain of grocery stores. In 1985 Bennett co-founded the first natural foods supermarket in the Bay Area. After his retirement from the grocery business, Bennett became a community volunteer and musician active in the Bay Area music scene.

Natural food
Natural food and all-natural food are terms in food labeling and marketing with several definitions, generally denoting foods that are not manufactured by processing. In some countries like the United Kingdom, the term "natural" is defined and regulated; in others, such as the United States, the term natural is not enforced for food labels, although there is USDA regulation of organic labeling.

The term is assumed to describe foods having ingredients that are intrinsic to an unprocessed food.
She Makes My Nose Bleed
"She Makes My Nose Bleed" is a song by the English alternative rock band Mansun. The song was written by band-leader Paul Draper. It was recorded and produced by Draper with additional production by Mark 'Spike' Stent during sessions for the group's début studio album. The song was one of four demoed by the group in 1995 that helped the group secure a publishing contract with Polygram Music Publishing. The song was released as the fourth single (their fifth on a major-label, also known as Five EP) in early 1997 from the group's debut album, Attack of the Grey Lantern. The single was a big commercial success for the group breaking them into the UK Top Ten for the first time with a peak of #9.

The music video for "She Makes My Nose Bleed" was directed by John Hillcoat.

Spike Stent
Mark "Spike" Stent (born 3 August 1965) is an English record producer and mixing engineer who has worked with many international artists including Madonna, Marshmello, U2, Beyoncé, the Beatles, Björk, Depeche Mode, Echo & the Bunnymen, the Foo Fighters, Grimes, Ed Sheeran, Beth Orton, Harry Styles, Frank Ocean, Vince Staples, Selena Gomez, All Saints, Spice Girls, Lady Gaga, Coldplay, Mansun, Gorillaz, Maroon 5, Muse, Lily Allen, Peter Gabriel, Gwen Stefani, Moby, No Doubt, Lenka, Usher, Kaiser Chiefs, Linkin Park, the Yeah Yeah Yeahs, Oasis, Keane, Massive Attack, Bastille, Diana Vickers and Take That.
Captain Charles Johnson
Captain Charles Johnson was the British author of the  1724 book A General History of the Robberies and Murders of the most notorious Pyrates, whose identity remains a mystery. No record exists of a captain by this name, and "Captain Charles Johnson" is generally considered a pen name for one of London's writer-publishers. Some scholars have suggested that the author was actually Daniel Defoe, but this is disputed.

A prime source for the biographies of many well known pirates of the era, Johnson gave an almost mythical status to the more colourful characters, and it is likely that the author used considerable artistic licence in his accounts of pirate conversations. First appearing in Charles Rivington's shop in London, the book sold so well that by 1726, an enlarged fourth edition had appeared. English naval historian David Cordingly writes: "It has been said, and there seems no reason to question this, that Captain Johnson created the modern conception of pirates."

Artistic license
Artistic license (and more general or contextually-specific, derivative terms such as creative license, poetic license, historical license, dramatic license, and narrative license) refers to deviation from fact or form for artistic purposes. It can include the alteration of grammar or language, or the rewording of pre-existing text.
Larry Coughlan
Larry Coughlan (1941 – 13 September 2009) was an Irish Gaelic footballer who played for his local club Raheen, Eadestown in Kildare and Courtwood in Laois, as well as for the Offaly senior team from 1960 until 1973.

Born in Geashill, County Offaly, Coughlan had a lengthy inter-county career. He first came to notice as a 19-year-old substitute in 1960, on the first Offaly team to win a Leinster SFC title. Coughlan progressed to win All-Ireland SFC medals in 1971 and 1972, when Offaly defeated Galway and Kerry. He didn't play in the 1971 final, but did win a medal as a substitute and was a key figure at left corner-back in the following year's success.

County Offaly
County Offaly (/ˈɒfəli/; Irish: Contae Uíbh Fhailí) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Eastern and Midland Region and the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient Kingdom of Uí Failghe. It was formerly known as King's County, in honour of Philip II of Spain. Offaly County Council is the local authority for the county. The county population was 82,668 at the 2022 census.
Inner City (band)
Inner City is an American electronic music group that formed in Detroit, Michigan, in 1987. The group was originally composed of the record producer and composer Kevin Saunderson (born September 5, 1964) and the Chicago, Illinois, vocalist Paris Grey (born November 5, 1965). Saunderson is one of the Belleville Three—along with Juan Atkins and Derrick May—high school friends who later originated the Detroit techno sound. In February 2018, Billboard magazine ranked them as the 69th most successful dance artists of all-time.

Derrick May (musician)
Derrick May (born April 6, 1963), also known as Mayday and Rhythim Is Rhythim, is an American electronic musician from Belleville, Michigan, United States. May is credited with pioneering techno music in the 1980s along with collaborators Juan Atkins and Kevin Saunderson, commonly known as The Belleville Three. According to Sal Cinquemani of American Songwriter, May is "one of the most influential of Detroit’s wiz kids."