hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
4836 Medon
4836 Medon /ˈmiːdən/ is a large Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 68 kilometers (42 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 2 February 1989, by American astronomer Carolyn Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California. The dark asteroid has a rotation period of 9.82 hours and belongs to the 60 largest Jupiter trojans. It was named after the mythological Greek warrior Medon.

La Silla Observatory
La Silla Observatory is an astronomical observatory in Chile with three telescopes built and operated by the European Southern Observatory (ESO). Several other telescopes are also located at the site and are partly maintained by ESO. The observatory is one of the largest in the Southern Hemisphere and was the first in Chile to be used by ESO.

The La Silla telescopes and instruments are located in the North of the Coquimbo region, 150 km northeast of La Serena, on the outskirts of the Atacama Desert, one of the driest and most remote areas in the world. Like other observatories in this region, La Silla is far from sources of light pollution and, like the Paranal Observatory—home to the Very Large Telescope—it has some of the darkest night skies on Earth.
Gobelet André Falquet
The Gobelet André Falquet is a silver-gilt cup with cover made in the 18th century by Hans-Matthias Rehm of Augsburg for the Swiss merchant André Falquet, which is kept in the Maison Tavel (Musées d'Art et d'Histoire Genève) in Geneva under inventory number G 834.

In French it is a gobelet; the English derivative goblet now implies a cup with a stem (like most chalices or wineglasses).

Grace Cup
A grace cup (or loving cup) is a silver bowl or tankard with two handles that was traditionally passed round the table after grace at banquets.

According to Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, the Grace Cup is still seen at the Lord Mayor's feasts, at College, and occasionally in private banquets.
Oxford's Oriel College possesses Sanford and Heywood grace cups, dated 1654-55 and 1669–70 in its Buttery Plate collection. Nearby Balliol College also makes reference to the use of a Grace Cup which was discontinued in the early-20th century.

'Grace' cups were passed round when a traditional grace (a prayer of thanksgiving) was said to give thanks for the food eaten. Robert Burton, in his Anatomy of Melancholy (1621) described their use as "a corollary to conclude the feast and continue their mirth, a grace cup came in to cheer their hearts and they drank healths to one another again and again".

A good example is The Howard 'Grace' Cup.
Battle of Brouwershaven
The Battle of Brouwershaven was fought on 13 January 1426 in Brouwershaven, Zeeland.  The battle was part of the Hook and Cod wars waged over control of the Low Countries and resulted in a significant victory for Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy.

Dordrecht
Dordrecht (Dutch: [ˈdɔrdrɛxt] ⓘ), historically known in English as Dordt (still colloquially used in Dutch, pronounced [dɔrt] ⓘ) or Dort, is a city and municipality in the Western Netherlands, located in the province of South Holland. It is the province's fifth-largest city after Rotterdam, The Hague, Leiden, and Zoetermeer, with a population of 123,000 (2025).

The municipality covers the entire Dordrecht Island, also often called Het Eiland van Dordt ("the Island of Dordt"), bordered by the rivers Oude Maas, Beneden Merwede, Nieuwe Merwede, Hollands Diep, and Dordtsche Kil. Dordrecht is the largest and most important city in the Drechtsteden and is also part of the Randstad, the main conurbation in the Netherlands.

Dordrecht is the oldest city in Holland and has a rich history and culture.
Rainbow option
Rainbow option is a derivative exposed to two or more sources of uncertainty, as opposed to a simple option that is exposed to one source of uncertainty, such as the price of underlying asset.

The name of rainbow comes from Rubinstein (1991), who emphasises that this option was based on a combination of various assets like a rainbow is a combination of various colors. More generally, rainbow options are multiasset options, also referred to as correlation options, or basket options. Rainbow can take various other forms but the combining idea is to have a payoff that is depending on the assets sorted by their performance at maturity. When the rainbow only pays the best (or worst) performing asset of the basket, it is also called best-of (or worst-of). Other popular options that can be reformulated as a rainbow option are spread and exchange options.

FTSE 100 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, also called the FTSE 100 Index, FTSE 100, FTSE or, informally, the "Footsie" /ˈfʊtsi/, is one of the United Kingdom's best-known stock market indices and represents the 100 most highly capitalised blue chips listed on the London Stock Exchange.
Richard Carpenter (architect)
Richard Herbert Carpenter (July 1841 – 18 April 1893) was an English Gothic Revival architect.

Carpenter was born 1841 in St Pancras, England, the son of the tractarian architect Richard Cromwell Carpenter and his wife Amelia. He is best known for his collaboration with Benjamin Ingelow; their architectural practice, founded by Carpenter's father and based in Marylebone, London, was responsible for the construction or of many ecclesiastical properties.

Marylebone
Marylebone (usually /ˈmɑːrlɪbən/ MAR-lib-ən, also /ˈmærɪ(lə)bən/ MARR-il-ə-bən, MARR-ib-ən) is an area in London, England, and is located in the City of Westminster. It is in Central London and part of the West End. Oxford Street forms its southern boundary.

An ancient parish and latterly a metropolitan borough, it merged with the boroughs of Westminster and Paddington to form the new City of Westminster in 1965.

Marylebone station lies two miles north-west of Charing Cross.

The area is also served by numerous tube stations: Baker Street, Bond Street, Edgware Road (Bakerloo line), Edgware Road (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines), Great Portland Street, Marble Arch, Marylebone, Oxford Circus, and Regent's Park.
Șugag Dam
The Șugag Dam is a large hydroelectric dam on the river Sebeș situated in Romania. It creates the reservoir Lake Tău Bistra. The project was started and finished in the 1980s and it was made up by the construction of a double arched concrete dam measuring 78 m (256 ft) high. The facility generates power by utilizing two turbines, totalling the installed capacity to 150 MW, and generating 260 GWh of electricity annually.

Kilowatt-hour
A kilowatt-hour (unit symbol: kW⋅h or kW h; commonly written as kWh) is a non-SI unit of energy equal to 3.6 megajoules (MJ) in SI units, which is the energy delivered by one kilowatt of power for one hour. Kilowatt-hours are a common billing unit for electrical energy supplied by electric utilities. Metric prefixes are used for multiples and submultiples of the basic unit, the watt-hour (3.6 kJ).
Akejan Kajegeldin
Äkejan Mağjanūly Qajygeldin (Kazakh: Әкежан Мағжанұлы Қажыгелдин, [ækʲeˈʒɑn mɑɣˈʒɑnʊɫɤ qɑʒɤˈgʲeldin] ⓘ; born 27 March 1952) is a Kazakh politician who served as the 2nd Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 12 October 1994 until his resignation on 10 October 1997, ostensibly for health reasons, though many saw it as an act protesting authoritarianism in Kazakhstan. He has accused President Nazarbayev of authoritarianism, nepotism, and indifference to violations of human rights.

Kajegeldin lives in the west in exile. Adam Albion of Radio Free Europe characterized Kajegeldin's efforts at democratizing Kazakhstan as "defiant, confrontational, and openly scornful of the idea" that Nursultan Nazarbayev, the President of Kazakhstan, "will ever share power willingly."

Democratization
Democratization, or democratisation, is the structural government transition from an authoritarian government to a more democratic political regime, including substantive political changes moving in a democratic direction. The opposite process of democratic transition is known as democratic backsliding or autocratization. Whether and to what extent democratization occurs can be influenced by various factors, including economic development, historical legacies, civil society, and international processes. Some accounts of democratization emphasize how elites drove democratization, whereas other accounts emphasize grassroots bottom-up processes. How democratization occurs has also been used to explain other political phenomena, such as whether a country goes to a war or whether its economy grows.
Koovappady
Koovappady  is a village in Vallom, Perumbavoor ,Ernakulam district in the Indian state of Kerala.

Koovappady is around 8 km north of Perumbavoor and is near to the Kodanadu elephant training centre. Other places of interest nearby include Kalady, the birthplace of Sankaracharya, and Malayattoor. Ganpati Vilasam High School is famous here.

Perumbavoor
Perumbavoor ([peɾumbaːʋuːr]) is a municipality and a north eastern suburb of the city of Kochi in Kerala. It is located 24 km (14.9 mi) north of the district collectorate in Thrikkakara and about 221 km (137.3 mi) north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram. Perumbavoor is part of the Kochi metropolitan area and is located 32 km (19.9 mi) northeast of the Kochi city centre. As per the 2011 Indian census, Perumbavoor has a population of 28,110 people, and a population density of 2,065/km2 (5,350/sq mi).

In recent years, Perumbavoor has experienced a large influx of migrant labourers from other states in India, primarily West Bengal, Assam, Bihar, and Odisha. Estimates for their numbers in Perumbavoor vary widely, ranging from the low thousands to over one lakh.
UD Biescas
Unión Deportiva Biescas is a Spanish football team based in Biescas, in the autonomous community of Aragon. Founded in 1945, it currently plays in Primera Regional – Group 2, holding home matches at Campo de Fútbol del Polideportivo Fernando Escartín Coti.

Football team
A football team is a group of players selected to play together in the various team sports known as football. Such teams could be selected to play in a match against an opposing team, to represent a football club, group, state or nation, an all-star team or even selected as a hypothetical team (such as a dream team or team of the century) and never play an actual match.

The difference between a football team and a football club is incorporation, a football club is an entity which is formed and governed by a committee and has members which may consist of supporters in addition to players. The benefit of club formation is that it gives teams access to additional volunteer or paid support staff, facilities and equipment.
2019 Challenger Banque Nationale de Gatineau – Men's doubles
Robert Galloway and Bradley Klahn were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Alex Lawson and Marc Polmans won the title after defeating Hans Hach Verdugo and Dennis Novikov 6–4, 3–6, [10–7] in the final.

Dennis Novikov
Dennis Novikov (born November 6, 1993) is an American professional tennis player born in Russia.

He won both the singles and doubles titles at the USTA Boys 18s National Championships in Kalamazoo, Michigan in 2012. As a result, he was awarded wild cards into the main draw of the US Open in both singles and doubles. He did not join the UCLA tennis team until March 2012, first competing on March 27.
Alexandria, New Hampshire
Alexandria is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,776 at the 2020 census, up from 1,613 at the 2010 census. Newfound Lake is in the northeast corner, with Wellington State Park on the western shore. The town is home to Welton Falls State Forest. Cardigan Mountain State Park, with Mount Cardigan, is in the west. Another attraction is Mowglis Mountain, named for Rudyard Kipling's Jungle Book hero.

Cardigan Mountain State Park
Cardigan Mountain State Park is a 5,655-acre (2,288 ha) public recreation area in Orange, New Hampshire. The state park is free to use, open year-round, and offers a hiking trail up to the 3,121-foot treeless granite summit of Mount Cardigan plus places to picnic.
2C-T-4
2C-T-4, also known as 4-isopropylthio-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine and 2C families. It is taken orally.

2C-T-4 was first described in the scientific literature by Alexander Shulgin and colleagues in 1991. Shortly after this, Shulgin described 2C-T-17 in greater detail in his 1991 book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved).

Substituted phenethylamine
Substituted phenethylamines (or simply phenethylamines) are a chemical class of organic compounds that are based upon the phenethylamine structure; the class is composed of all the derivative compounds of phenethylamine which can be formed by replacing, or substituting, one or more hydrogen atoms in the phenethylamine core structure with substituents. Phenylethylamines are also generally found to be central nervous system stimulants with many also being entactogens/empathogens, and hallucinogens.
Tapscott
Tapscott is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Derek Tapscott (1932–2008), Welsh former professional footballer and Wales international

Don Tapscott (born 1947), Canadian business executive, author, consultant and speaker

Ed Tapscott, the former interim head coach of the NBA's Washington Wizards

George Tapscott (1889–1940), South African cricketer who played in one Test in 1913

Horace Tapscott (1934–1999), American jazz pianist and composer

John E. Tapscott (1930–2017), American businessman and politician

Lionel Tapscott (1894–1934), South African cricketer who played in 2 Tests in 1923

Luke Tapscott (born 1991), Australian rules footballer for the Melbourne Football Club

Horace Tapscott
Horace Elva Tapscott (April 6, 1934 – February 27, 1999) was an American jazz pianist and composer.  He formed the Pan Afrikan Peoples Arkestra (also known as P.A.P.A., or The Ark) in 1961 and led the ensemble through the 1990s.
Robots (2005 soundtrack)
Robots: Music from the Original Motion Picture is the soundtrack of the 2005 feature film Robots. The soundtrack was issued in March 2005 by Virgin Records and Fox Music. The album also reached No. 13 on the Billboard Soundtracks chart. The soundtrack contains music that were from scenes from the movie.

The Japanese dub uses "Mawaru Sora" written by Hitomi Yaida for its ending theme. The theme song for most European and Australian releases is "From Zero to Hero" by Sarah Connor. The British release of the film uses "See Me" by Melanie Blatt. The Latin American dub uses "Un Héroe Real" by Aleks Syntek.

Melanie Blatt
Melanie Ruth Blatt (born 25 March 1975) is an English singer. She rose to fame in 1997 as a member of the girl group All Saints. The group have gained five UK number-one singles, two multi-platinum albums and two BRIT Awards, and have sold over 10 million records worldwide.

As a solo artist, Blatt released only two singles, "Do Me Wrong" (2003) and "See Me" (2005), and recorded an unreleased album on London Records. In 2013 and 2015, she was a judge on the television series The X Factor NZ.
Midway, Utah
Midway is a city in northwestern Wasatch County, Utah, United States. It is located in the Heber Valley, approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Heber City and 28 miles (45 km) southeast of Salt Lake City, on the opposite side of the Wasatch Mountains. The population was 6,003 at the 2020 census.

Provo River
The Provo River (Ute: Timpanoquint, “Rock River) is located in Utah County and Wasatch County, Utah, in the United States. It rises in the Uinta Mountains at Wall Lake and flows about 71 miles (114 km) southwest to Utah Lake at the city of Provo, Utah.
Of Human Bondage
Of Human Bondage is a 1915 novel by W. Somerset Maugham. The novel is generally agreed to be Maugham's masterpiece and to be strongly autobiographical in nature, although he stated, "This is a novel, not an autobiography; though much in it is autobiographical, more is pure invention." Maugham, who had originally planned to call his novel Beauty from Ashes, finally settled on a title taken from a section of Spinoza's Ethics. The Modern Library ranked Of Human Bondage No. 66 on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.

Modern Library's 100 Best Novels
Modern Library's 100 Best Novels is a 1998 list of the best English-language novels published during the 20th century, as selected by the American publishing imprint, Modern Library, from among 400 novels published by Random House, which owns Modern Library. The purpose of the list was to "bring the Modern Library to public attention" and stimulate sales of its books. A separate Modern Library 100 Best Nonfiction list of the 100 best non-fiction books of the 20th century was created the same year.
Phil Karn (soccer)
Phil Karn is an American retired soccer player who played professionally in the USL A-League.

In 1994, Karn graduated from Abington High School.  In 1994, Karn began his collegiate career at Drexel University.  He transferred to Penn State University in 1996.  In 1998, Karn turned professional with Reading Rage of the USISL D-3 Pro League, earning Second Team All League.  His fourteen goals that season led to his moving up to the Pittsburgh Riverhounds of the USL A-League.  Karn spent four seasons with the Riverhounds, then returned to Reading for the 2003 season.  In February 2001, the Columbus Crew selected Karn in the sixth round (63rd overall), but was released on March 19, 2001.

He is the assistant youth director for the Philadelphia Union.

Philadelphia Union
The Philadelphia Union are an American professional soccer club based in the Philadelphia metropolitan area. The club competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member of the Eastern Conference. Founded on February 28, 2008, the Union began playing in 2010 as an expansion team. The club's home stadium is Subaru Park, a soccer-specific stadium located in Chester, Pennsylvania, on the banks of the Delaware River.

The Union are currently owned by Keystone Sports & Entertainment, with Jay Sugarman serving as majority owner and chairman of the club. Professional basketball player Kevin Durant serves as a minority owner. The Union finished as runners-up in the 2014, 2015 and 2018 U.S. Open Cup tournaments and the 2022 MLS Cup final. In 2025, Philadelphia secured the Supporters' Shield with their regular season performance, the second in the club's history.
Central Finance Company
Central Finance Company PLC is one of the oldest non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs) in Sri Lanka having founded in 1957. The company is listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange in 1969. Brand Finance ranked the company the 28th most valuable brand in Sri Lanka for the year 2021. Central Finance Company was ranked 44th in the LMD 100 for the fiscal year 2019/20 by LMD.

Non-bank financial institution
A non-banking financial institution (NBFI) or non-bank financial company (NBFC)  is a financial institution that is not legally a bank; it does not have a full banking license or is not supervised by a national or international banking regulatory agency. NBFC facilitate bank-related financial services, such as investment, risk pooling, contractual savings, and market brokering. Examples of these include hedge funds, insurance firms, pawn shops, cashier's check issuers, check cashing locations, payday lending, currency exchanges, and microloan organizations.

In 1999, Alan Greenspan identified the role of NBFIs in strengthening an economy, as they provide "multiple alternatives to transform an economy's savings into capital investment which act as backup facilities should the primary form of intermediation fail." Operations of non-bank financial institutions are not typically covered under a country's banking regulations.
Manohari (song)
"Manohari" (lit. ' "Heart-stealing", also "Charming", "Delightful"') is an Indian Telugu-language item number from the 2014 soundtrack Baahubali: The Beginning from the film of the same name. The song is sung by Mohana Bhogaraju and L. V. Revanth and has its lyrics written by Chaitanya Prasad. The music video of the track features Prabhas, who plays Amarendra Baahubali, disguised as a Middle Eastern Man dancing with Scarlett Mellish Wilson, Nora Fatehi and Madhu Sneha Upadhyay in cameo roles, while Rana Daggubati as Bhallaladeva tries to catch the spy who was being followed by him and Amarendra Baahubali. Director SS Rajamouli has a cameo role as the bartender during the premise of the song. Nora Fatehi faced a wardrobe malfunction while shooting for the song.

Bhallaladeva
Bhallaladeva  is a fictional character and recurring antagonist of the Baahubali franchise, and the main antagonist of the movie series. The character was created by V. Vijayendra Prasad and S. S. Rajamouli and was portrayed by Rana Daggubati in the films Baahubali: The Beginning and Baahubali: The Conclusion, which were directed by Rajamouli. The director of the Baahubali franchise, S. S. Rajamouli, openly confessed to the public in the Audio Launch event that he considers Bhallaladeva to be even more powerful compared to the main protagonists of the Baahubali franchise, Amarendra Baahubali and Mahendra Baahubali.
Stuttgart Vulgate
The Stuttgart Vulgate or Weber-Gryson Vulgate (full title: Biblia Sacra iuxta vulgatam versionem) is a critical edition of the Vulgate first published in 1969.

The most recent edition of the work is the fifth edition, from 2007.

Latin Psalters
There exist a number of translations of the Book of Psalms into the Latin language. They are a resource used in the Liturgy of the Hours and other forms of the canonical hours in the Latin liturgical rites of the Catholic Church.

These translations are typically placed in a separate volume or a section of the breviary called the psalter, in which the psalms are arranged to be prayed at the canonical hours of the day. In the Middle Ages, psalters were often lavish illuminated manuscripts, and in the Romanesque and early Gothic period were the type of book most often chosen to be richly illuminated.
Dyck graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the Dyck graph is a 3-regular graph with 32 vertices and 48 edges, named after Walther von Dyck.

It is Hamiltonian with 120 distinct Hamiltonian cycles. It has chromatic number 2, chromatic index 3, radius 5, diameter 5 and girth 6. It is also a 3-vertex-connected and a 3-edge-connected graph. It has book thickness 3 and queue number 2.
The graph is 1-planar.

Edge connectivity
In graph theory, a connected graph is k-edge-connected if it remains connected whenever fewer than k edges are removed.

The edge-connectivity of a graph is the largest k for which the graph is k-edge-connected.

Edge connectivity and the enumeration of k-edge-connected graphs was studied by Camille Jordan in 1869.
Bitburg (electoral district)
Bitburg is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 201. It is located in northwestern Rhineland-Palatinate, comprising the Bitburg-Prüm district, Vulkaneifel district, and the northern part of the Bernkastel-Wittlich district.

Bitburg was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. Since 2009, it has been represented by Patrick Schnieder of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU).

Patrick Schnieder
Patrick Schnieder (born 1 May 1968) is a German lawyer and politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who has been serving as Federal Minister for Transport in the government of Chancellor Friedrich Merz since 2025. He has been a member of the Bundestag from the state of Rhineland-Palatinate since 2009.