hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Baden, Ontario
Baden  (/ˈbeɪdɛn/ BAY-den) is a community and unincorporated place in Township of Wilmot, Regional Municipality of Waterloo in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. It was named after Baden-Baden, Germany; the approximate population as of 2015, as per township statistics, is 4,940.

The area is the site of Baden Tower, a television, radio, and communications tower located on top of one of the Baden Hills, which is the transmitter for CKCO-DT, the CTV affiliate for Kitchener, as well as CFCA-FM and CHYM-FM, which have studios in Kitchener.

Much of the area consists of farmlands and pine forests are in the area. The local high school, Waterloo-Oxford District Secondary School, is located just outside the town and the statue park Prime Ministers Path is located on the grounds adjacent to Castle Kilbride.

Southwestern Ontario
Southwestern Ontario (census population 2,796,367 in 2021) is a secondary region of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It occupies most of the Ontario Peninsula, bounded by Lake Huron (including Georgian Bay) to the north and northwest, the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, and Detroit River to the west, and Lake Erie to the south. To the east, on land, Southwestern Ontario is bounded by Central Ontario and the Golden Horseshoe. It borders the United States via Michigan.
Bezirksoberliga Schwaben
The Bezirksoberliga Schwaben was the seventh tier of the German football league system in the Bavarian Regierungsbezirk of Swabia (German: Schwaben). Until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008 it was the sixth tier of the league system, until the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 the fifth tier.

The league was disbanded at the end of the 2011–12 season, when major changes to the Bavarian football league system were carried out. Above the Bezirksoberligas, the Landesligas were expanded in number from three to five divisions and the Bezirke have two to three regional leagues, the Bezirksligas, as its highest level again, similar to the system in place until 1988.

Swabia
Swabia is a cultural, historical and linguistic region in southwestern Germany. The name is ultimately derived from the medieval Duchy of Swabia, one of the German stem duchies, representing the historic settlement area of the  Germanic tribe alliances named Alemanni and Suebi.

This territory would include all of the Alemannic German area, but the modern concept of Swabia is more restricted, due to the collapse of the duchy of Swabia in the thirteenth century. Swabia as understood in modern ethnography roughly coincides with the Swabian Circle of the Holy Roman Empire as it stood during the early modern period, now divided between the states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg.

Swabians (Schwaben, singular Schwabe) are the natives of Swabia and speakers of Swabian German. Their number was estimated at close to 800,000 by SIL Ethnologue as of 2006, out of a total population of 7.5 million in the regions of Tübingen, Stuttgart and Bavarian Swabia.
Francesco Petruccione
Francesco Petruccione AAS, ASSAf, NITheCS is a physicist and academic leader currently living in South Africa and serving as a professor of Physics at Stellenbosch University and the director of the National Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences (NITheCS). With a wealth of experience in his field, he previously held the position of professor and Pro Vice-Chancellor of Big Data and Informatics at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN). Petruccione is also a member of the Academy of Science of South Africa and a Fellow of the Royal Society of South Africa.

African Academy of Sciences
The African Academy of Sciences (AAS) is a non-aligned, non-political, not-for-profit, pan-African learned society formed in 1985.

The AAS elects fellows (FAAS) and affiliates. The AAS also awards the Obasanjo Prize for Scientific Discovery and Technological Innovation every two years to an outstanding scientist who contributed to the development of the continent.
Benedict J. Semmes Jr.
Benedict Joseph Semmes Jr. (8 April 1913 – 4 June 1994) was a vice admiral of the United States Navy. His career included service in World War II and the Cold War, command of destroyers, a lengthy tour as Chief of Naval Personnel, command of the United States Second Fleet, duty as Deputy Chief of Naval Operations, and a tour as President of the Naval War College.

"V" device
A "V" device is a metal 1⁄4-inch (6.4 mm) capital letter "V" with serifs which, when worn on certain decorations awarded by the United States Armed Forces, distinguishes a decoration awarded for combat valor or heroism from the same decoration being awarded for a member's actions under circumstances other than combat.

The decorations with which a "V" may be authorized differ among the military services, as well as the manner in which the "V" is worn and the name by which it is referred to. Until 2017, each service also used different criteria in determining whether a "V" could be authorized.
2024 Virginia Republican presidential primary
The 2024 Virginia Republican presidential primary was held on March 5, 2024, as part of the Republican Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election. 48 delegates to the 2024 Republican National Convention will be allocated on a proportional basis. The contest was held on Super Tuesday alongside primaries in 14 other states. Appearing on the ballot are Donald Trump, Nikki Haley, Ryan Binkley, Ron DeSantis, Chris Christie, and Vivek Ramaswamy.

Donald Trump won the Virginia primary. Nikki Haley received the majority of votes in Albemarle, Arlington and Fairfax Counties, as well as the Independent Cities of Alexandria, Charlottesville, Fairfax and Richmond.

Albemarle County, Virginia
Albemarle County is located in the Piedmont region of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. Its county seat is Charlottesville, which is an independent city entirely surrounded by the county. Albemarle County is part of the Charlottesville Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 112,395.

Albemarle County was created in 1744 from the western portion of Goochland County, though portions of Albemarle were later carved out to create other counties. Albemarle County was named in honor of Willem Anne van Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle. Its most famous inhabitant was Thomas Jefferson, who built his estate home, Monticello, in the county.
Gresser
Gresser is a surname of German origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Gisela Kahn Gresser (1906–2000), American chess player

Ignatz Gresser (1835-1919), American soldier

Lawrence Gresser (1851–1935), German-born American politician

Gisela Kahn Gresser
Gisela Kahn Gresser (February 8, 1906 – December 4, 2000) was an American chess player. She dominated women's chess in the United States, winning the U.S. Women's Chess Championship nine times from 1944 to 1969.
Renuka Gurung
Renuka Gurung (Nepali: रेनुका गुरुङ्ग) is a Nepali politician and ex-State Minister of Women, Children and Senior Citizens. She was a member of the House of Representatives of the federal parliament of Nepal. She was elected under the proportional representation system from Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal. Previously, she had lost as Deputy-mayor candidate with just 99 votes. She is also a member of the parliamentary International Relations Committee.

Ministry of Women, Children and Senior Citizens
The Ministry of Women, Children and Senior Citizens (Nepali: महिला, बालबालिका तथा जेष्ठ नागरिक मन्त्रालय) is a governmental body of Nepal. Its mission is to empower women, children and senior citizens, especially those who are economically disadvantaged, socially deprived or otherwise under-served.
Growth of knowledge
In Karl Popper's philosophy, the main problem of methodology and philosophy of science is to explain and promote the growth of knowledge. To this purpose, Popper advocated his theory of falsifiability, testability and testing. He wrote in The Logic of Scientific Discovery: "The central problem of epistemology has always been and still is the problem of the growth of knowledge. And the growth of knowledge can be studied best by studying the growth of scientific knowledge."

Testability
Testability is a primary aspect of science and the scientific method. There are two components to testability:

Falsifiability or defeasibility, which means that counterexamples to the hypothesis are logically possible.

The practical feasibility of observing a reproducible series of such counterexamples if they do exist.

In short, a hypothesis is testable if there is a possibility of deciding whether it is true or false based on experimentation by anyone. This allows anyone to decide whether a theory can be supported or refuted by data. However, the interpretation of experimental data may be also inconclusive or uncertain. Karl Popper introduced the concept that scientific knowledge had the property of falsifiability as published in The Logic of Scientific Discovery.
Hometown Story (song)
"Hometown Story" (stylised as "HOMETOWN STORY") is a song by Japanese band Folks. It was released as their first physical single on September 3, 2014, seven months after their major label debut extended play Newtown under Ki/oon Music.

Folks (band)
Folks (Japanese: フォークス, Hepburn: Fōkusu; stylised as FOLKS) is a Japanese rock band that formed in 2012 in Eniwa, Hokkaido. It was formed after members Fumito Iwai and Kazumasa Noguchi left the band Galileo Galilei. The band self-released their first extended play, Take Off, in March 2013, and made their major label debut under Ki/oon Music in 2014 with the extended play Newtown.

The band consists of Fumito Iwai (岩井郁人) (vocals, guitar), his older brother Katsutoshi Iwai (岩井豪利) (guitar, vocals), Kazumasa Noguchi (野口一雅) (bass, chorus), Yoshitomo Kobayashi (小林禄与) (guitar, percussion, synthesisers, chorus) and Masatsugu Takahashi (高橋正嗣) (programming, synthesisers, chorus).
St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)
St. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States.  Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century.  Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980.

Historic site
A historic site or heritage site is an official location where pieces of political, military, cultural, or social history have been preserved due to their cultural heritage value. Historic sites are usually protected by law, and many have been recognized with official historic status. A historic site may be any building, landscape, site or structure that is of local, regional, national, or global significance. Usually this also means the site must be at least 50 years or older.
Tsuneo Gōda
Tsuneo Gōda (合田 経郎, Gōda Tsuneo) is a Japanese stop motion animator. He is known for creating the character Domo (Domo-kun), the official mascot of Japanese public broadcasting company NHK, as well as directing an animated TV series starring Domo. He is also the founder of studio dwarf inc., an animation studio specializing in stop motion animation and character design.

He has also directed the stop motion animation film Komaneko - The Curious Cat and the three-minute stop motion music video "I am a Bear," which is based on the Hikaru Utada song "Boku wa Kuma."

In 2011, Gōda was awarded the Inkpot Award for his work on Domo and other animated productions from dwarf studios.

Boku wa Kuma
"Boku wa Kuma" (ぼくはくま; lit. I'm a Bear) is a song by Japanese American singer-songwriter Hikaru Utada, serving as their 17th Japanese single and 24th single overall (including English releases). The single was released on November 22, 2006, following the release of their previous studio album, Ultra Blue (2006). It came two months after the conclusion of the Utada United 2006 tour.
Angeliki Nikolopoulou
Angeliki Nikolopoulou (Αγγελική Νικολοπούλου, born 2 May 1991) is a Greek professional basketball player who plays for Olympiacos and Greece women's national basketball team. She is part of the Greek national team in Eurobasket 2017.

EuroBasket Women 2017
The 2017 European Women Basketball Championship, commonly called EuroBasket Women 2017, was the 36th edition of the continental tournament in women's basketball, sanctioned by the FIBA Europe. The tournament was awarded to Czech Republic after winning the bid to Serbia. The tournament also serves as a qualification for the 2018 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup in Spain, with the top five nations qualifying. As hosts Spain finished in the top five, the sixth placed team also qualified.

The championship was reverted to a 16 teams championship, after the 20 teams that participated in 2015.

Spain defeated France 71–55 in the final to win their third title.

In total, 61 556 people visited this event.
Nomanisan Island
Nomanisan Island and Nomansan Island are puns on the well-known phrase "No man is an Iland [sic]". Written by John Donne, the phrase is quoted from "Meditation XVII", a section of his work Devotions upon Emergent Occasions published in 1624. Various locations, both real-world and fictitious, have been named after the play on words.

Nomanisan Island was a small island in Lake Kittamaqundi, an artificial lake in Columbia, Maryland, United States. In 2011, the Columbia Association   converted the island into a peninsula in order to reduce sediment buildup by creating a forebay.

Nomanisan is a fictional volcanic island where much of the events of the 2004 Pixar film The Incredibles and the eponymous video game take place.

Nomansan Island is a fictional place in the novel The Mysterious Benedict Society and the television series of the same name.

Pun
A pun, also known as a paronomasia in the context of linguistics, is a form of word play that exploits multiple meanings of a term, or of similar-sounding words, for an intended humorous or rhetorical effect. These ambiguities can arise from the intentional use of homophonic, homographic, metonymic, or figurative language.

A pun differs from a malapropism in that a malapropism is an incorrect variation on a correct expression, while a pun involves expressions with multiple (correct or fairly reasonable) interpretations. Puns may be regarded as in-jokes or idiomatic constructions, especially as their usage and meaning are usually specific to a particular language or its culture.

Puns have a long history in writing. For example, the Roman playwright Plautus was famous for his puns and word games.
Taltirelin
Taltirelin (marketed under the tradename Ceredist) is a thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analog, which mimics the physiological actions of TRH, but with a much longer half-life and duration of effects, and little development of tolerance following prolonged dosing. It has nootropic, neuroprotective and analgesic effects.

Taltirelin is primarily being researched for the treatment of spinocerebellar ataxia; limited research has also been carried out with regard to other neurodegenerative disorders, e.g., spinal muscular atrophy.

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is a hypophysiotropic hormone produced by neurons in the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) as well as prolactin from the anterior pituitary.

TRH has been used clinically in diagnosis of hyperthyroidism, and for the treatment of spinocerebellar degeneration and disturbance of consciousness in humans. Its pharmaceutical form is called protirelin (INN) (/proʊˈtaɪrɪlɪn/).
Carol Newsom (photographer)
Carol Lee Natelson Newsom (May 23, 1946–March 13, 2003) was an American photographer who covered international tennis from 1974 until her death in 2003. A pioneer for women's tennis promotion, Newsom was the official photographer for the early days of the professional Women's Tennis Association (WTA) tour and Virginia Slims Tennis Circuit in the 1970s and 1980s. In 1980, she became the first woman photographer to be granted a credential to shoot pictures on Centre Court at the All England Lawn Tennis Club, Wimbledon.

Virginia Slims World Championship Series
The Virginia Slims World Championship Series (its sponsored name) or WTA World Championship Series (its tour name) was the women's top tier tennis tour administered by the Women's Tennis Association that was first founded in 1970 as the Virginia Slims Series of events that were then part of ILTF World Circuit. It eventually became the basis for the later WTA Tour. The players, dubbed the Original 9, rebelled against the United States Lawn Tennis Association (USLTA) because of the wide inequality between the amount of prize money paid to male tennis players and to female tennis players. In 1971 it was rebranded as the Virginia Slims Circuit until 1978 and was a rival tour to the ILTF Women's International Grand Prix until 1976. In 1979 it was branded as the Avon Championship Circuit until 1981. In 1982 it was merged with the Toyota International Series as a single women's tennis tour and rebranded under its last title name until 1989. In 1990 it was succeeded by the WTA World Tour.
Argythamnia
Argythamnia is a genus of plants of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1756. They are known commonly as silverbushes.

Species

As with many other genera, there have been many changes in classification the past several years. The following list includes species accepted as  members of Argythamnia as of September 2014. The species are native to Central America, Mexico, the West Indies, Colombia, and Texas.

formerly included

Moved to other genera (Caperonia Chiropetalum Croton Ditaxis Philyra Speranskia)

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Latvian anti-Nazi resistance movement 1941–1945
Many Latvians resisted the occupation of Latvia by Nazi Germany. Independent Latvia had been occupied by the Soviet Union in June 1940, then by Nazi Germany in July 1941, forming Generalbezirk Lettland. The Latvian resistance movement was divided between the pro-independence units under the Latvian Central Council and the pro-Soviet units under the Central Staff of the Partisan Movement in Moscow. Daugavpils was the scene of fierce Jewish resistance during the Holocaust. Many local Latvians were actively involved in the resistance movement against the ethnic policies of the German occupation regime. 134 Latvians were later honored with the title Righteous Among the Nations, among them is Žanis Lipke, who risked his life to save more than 50 Jews.

Latvians
Latvians (Latvian: latvieši) are a Baltic ethnic group and nation native to Latvia and the immediate geographical region, the Baltics. They are occasionally also referred to as Letts, especially in older bibliography. Latvians share a common Latvian language, culture, history and ancestry.
Oleksandr Skotsen
Oleksandr Skotsen' (Ukrainian: Олександр-Богдан Антонович Скоцень, Polish: Aleksandr Bogdan Skoceń; 28 July 1918 – 1 September 2003) was a Ukrainian footballer, he played for Tryzub Lviv, Ukraina Lviv, Dynamo Kyiv, Olympique Charleroi and OGC Nice. In 1950 he arrived in Canada, where he played for Ukrainian teams Toronto Ukrainians and Toronto Tryzub.

Toronto Tridents
Toronto USC Tridents (Ukrainian Sports Club Tridents, Ukrainian: УСК (Український Спортовий Клуб) «Тризуб» (Торонто), romanized: USK (Ukrainskyi Sportovyi Klub) "Tryzub" (Toronto)) is a Canadian soccer team based in Toronto. The club was founded by Ukrainians that had been settled in Toronto after the second world war.
George Floyd protests in New Zealand
Shortly after protests seeking justice for George Floyd, an African-American who was murdered during a police arrest, began in the United States, people in New Zealand protested to show support for similar protests in the United States and to demonstrate against perceived issues with police brutality and structural discrimination in New Zealand. Vigils and protests of thousands of participants took place in June 2020 throughout the nation.

Aotea Square
Aotea Square (Māori: Aotea - Te Papa Tū Wātea) is a large paved public area in the CBD of Auckland, New Zealand. Officially opened in 1979 by Sir Dove-Myer Robinson next to Queen Street, it is used for open-air concerts and gatherings, markets, and political rallies. 
In November 2010, a major redevelopment of Aotea Square was completed. The square was redesigned to make it appropriate for use by crowds of up to 20,000 people.

Its name is derived from Motu Aotea, the Māori name for Great Barrier Island, which is the largest offshore island of New Zealand, approximately 90 km (56 mi) from downtown Auckland. It is near Te Waihorotiu railway station, which is located on Wellesley Street. The station will open in 2026.
Saint-Jacut-du-Mené
Saint-Jacut-du-Mené (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒaky dy məne]; Breton: Sant-Yagu-ar-Menez) is a former commune in the Côtes-d'Armor département of Brittany in northwestern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Le Mené.

Saint-Jacut-du-Mené is located in Central Brittany, equal distance from Saint-Brieuc, Rennes and Dinan. Its name comes from a 6th-century Saint called Jacut and the Breton word menez meaning "mount". The main employer is Kermené, subsidiary of E.Leclerc which specializes in meatworks.

Dinan
Dinan (French pronunciation: [dinɑ̃] ⓘ; Breton: [ˈdinãn]) is a walled Breton town and a commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department in northwestern France. On 1 January 2018, the former commune of Léhon was merged into Dinan.
Usermontu (vizier)
Usermontu was an ancient Egyptian vizier from the reign of Tutankhamun to likely the reign of Horemheb, during the 18th Dynasty.

Usermontu is depicted in the tomb of Khonsu called To (TT31). In the hall Usermontu and his brother Huy, who was a prophet of Montu are shown offering to the barque of Montu. Usermontu is said to be born of Maia. A statue from a private collection gives the name of his father as Nebmehyt. A second individual by the name of Usermontu is mentioned in the tomb, but this individual is the son of Khonsu. This younger Usermontu is a High Priest of Sobek.

The vizier Usermontu is also depicted in the tomb of the High Priest of Sobek, Hatiay (TT324). Usermontu is shown seated at a banquet with vizier Nebamun(?).

A stele of Usermontu was found in Armant. The text includes a hymn to Montu.

Vizier (Ancient Egypt)
The vizier was the highest official in ancient Egypt to serve the pharaoh (king) during the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms. Vizier is the generally accepted rendering of ancient Egyptian tjati, tjaty etc., among Egyptologists. The Instruction of Rekhmire (Installation of the Vizier), a New Kingdom text, defines many of the duties of the tjaty, and lays down codes of behavior. The viziers were often appointed by the pharaoh. During the 4th Dynasty and early 5th Dynasty, viziers were exclusively drawn from the royal family; from the period around the reign of Neferirkare Kakai onwards, they were chosen according to loyalty and talent or inherited the position from their fathers.