hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Swallow (American band)
Swallow was a rock band from the Boston area. Formed in 1969, they were extant for five years, touring with Traffic, the Supremes and B.B. King and headlining area venues on their own.

Somewhat unusually for a rock band, Swallow included a horn section, so there were initially eleven members in the band. Band members included Vern Miller from the Remains who wrote most of the band's songs, and blind blues singer George Leh.

Swallow released two albums on Warner Bros. Records. Their first album, Out of the Nest, released in 1972, included a contribution by Jeff Baxter on one song, "Come Home Woman". Another album, Swallow, with one Phil Greene produced single "Yes, I'll Say It". followed in 1973.

Both albums were re-released on CD in 2010 on Wounded Bird Records.

Jeff Baxter
Jeffrey Allen "Skunk" Baxter (born December 13, 1948) is an American guitarist, known for his stints in the rock bands Steely Dan and The Doobie Brothers during the 1970s and Spirit in the 1980s. More recently, he has worked as a defense consultant and advised U.S. members of Congress on missile defense. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of The Doobie Brothers in 2020.
Maria Emelianenko
Maria Emelianenko is a Russian-American applied mathematician and materials scientist known for her work in numerical algorithms, scientific computing, grain growth, and centroidal Voronoi tessellations. She is a professor of mathematical sciences at George Mason University.

Grain growth
In materials science, grain growth is the increase in size of grains (crystallites) in a material at high temperature. This occurs when recovery and recrystallisation are complete and further reduction in the internal energy can only be achieved by reducing the total area of grain boundary. The term is commonly used in metallurgy but is also used in reference to ceramics and minerals. The behaviors of grain growth is analogous to the coarsening behaviors of grains, which implied that both of grain growth and coarsening may be dominated by the same physical mechanism.
Ethical Code of Practice for the Norwegian Press
The Ethical Code of Practice for the Norwegian Press (Bokmål: Vær Varsom-plakaten, Nynorsk: Ver Varsam-plakaten, Northern Sami: Leage Várrugas) is a code regulating journalism ethics and standards in Norway.

It was first written in 1936. In 1956 it was rewritten for the first time, with important contributions from Verdens Gang editor Christian A. R. Christensen. Later revisions came in 1966, 1975, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1994, 2001, 2005, 2007, 2013 and 2015.

It applies for the written press as well as radio, television and Internet media. Complaints about breaches of the code are handled by Pressens Faglige Utvalg.

The code is supplemented by the 1953 document, the Rights and Duties of the Editor (Redaktørplakaten), as well as a code regarding advertising language (Tekstreklameplakaten).

Northern Sámi
Northern Sámi (or North Sámi; US: /ˈsɑːmi/ SAH-mee, UK: also /ˈsæmi/ SAM-ee; Northern Sami: davvisámegiella [ˈtavːiːˌsaːmeˌkie̯lːa]; Finnish: pohjoissaame [ˈpohjoi̯sˌsɑːme]; Norwegian: nordsamisk; Swedish: nordsamiska; disapproved exonym Lappish or Lapp) is the most widely spoken of all Sámi languages. The area where Northern Sámi is spoken covers the northern parts of Norway, Sweden and Finland.
Mauritius Police Force
The Mauritius Police Force (MPF) is the national law enforcement agency of Mauritius. The MPF carries out police, security, and military functions on Mauritius, with about 12,500 police officers under the command of the Commissioner of Police (CP). The MPF is part of the Home Affairs Division, which operates under the aegis of the Prime Minister's Office.

Military advisers from India and the United Kingdom work with the Special Mobile Force, the National Coast Guard, and the Police Helicopter Squadron, and Mauritian police officers are trained in India, the United Kingdom, and France. India and the United States provide training to National Coast Guard officers in such fields as seamanship and maritime law enforcement.

Security forces
Security forces are statutory organizations with internal security mandates. In the legal context of several countries, the term has variously denoted police and military units working in concert, or the role of irregular military and paramilitary forces (such as gendarmerie) tasked with public security duties.
Roszki-Leśne
Roszki-Leśne [ˈrɔʂki ˈlɛɕnɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sokoły, within Wysokie Mazowieckie County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

Tourist train at a disused train stop (2012)

Wysokie Mazowieckie County
Wysokie Mazowieckie County (Polish: powiat wysokomazowiecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-eastern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Wysokie Mazowieckie, which lies 49 kilometres (30 mi) south-west of the regional capital Białystok. The only other towns in the county are Ciechanowiec, lying 27 km (17 mi) south of Wysokie, Szepietowo, 6 km (4 mi) south of Wysokie, and as from 1 January 2011 Czyżew.

The county covers an area of 1,288.49 square kilometres (497.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population was 57,051, out of which the population of Wysokie Mazowieckie was 9,415, that of Ciechanowiec 4,631, that of Czyżew 2,633, that of Szepietowo 2,170, and the rural population 38,202.
Forward–backward algorithm
The forward–backward algorithm is an  inference algorithm for hidden Markov models which computes the posterior marginals of all hidden state variables given a sequence of observations/emissions , i.e. it computes, for all hidden state variables , the distribution . This inference task is usually called smoothing. The algorithm makes use of the principle of dynamic programming to efficiently compute the values that are required to obtain the posterior marginal distributions in two passes. The first pass goes forward in time while the second goes backward in time; hence the name forward–backward algorithm.

The term forward–backward algorithm is also used to refer to any algorithm belonging to the general class of algorithms that operate on sequence models in a forward–backward manner. In this sense, the descriptions in the remainder of this article refer only to one specific instance of this class.

Statistical inference
Statistical inference is the process of using data analysis to infer properties of an underlying probability distribution. Inferential statistical analysis infers properties of a population, for example by testing hypotheses and deriving estimates. It is assumed that the observed data set is sampled from a larger population.

Inferential statistics can be contrasted with descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics is solely concerned with properties of the observed data, and it does not rest on the assumption that the data come from a larger population. In machine learning, the term inference is sometimes used instead to mean "make a prediction, by evaluating an already trained model"; in this context inferring properties of the model is referred to as training or learning (rather than inference), and using a model for prediction is referred to as inference (instead of prediction); see also predictive inference.
Interpunct
An interpunct ·, also known as an interpoint, middle dot, middot, or centered dot, is a punctuation mark consisting of a vertically centered dot used for interword separation in Classical Latin.  (Word-separating spaces did not appear until some time between 600 and 800 CE.) It appears in a variety of uses in some modern languages.

The multiplication dot or "dot operator" is frequently used in mathematical and scientific notation, and it may differ in appearance from the interpunct.

Clitic
In morphology and syntax, a clitic (/ˈklɪtɪk/ KLIT-ik, backformed from Greek ἐγκλιτικός enklitikós "leaning" or "enclitic") is a morpheme that has syntactic characteristics of a word, but depends phonologically on another word or phrase. In this sense, it is syntactically independent but phonologically dependent—always attached to a host. A clitic is pronounced like an affix, but plays a syntactic role at the phrase level. In other words, clitics have the form of affixes, but the distribution of function words.

Clitics can belong to any grammatical category, although they are commonly pronouns, determiners, or adpositions. Note that orthography is not always a good guide for distinguishing clitics from affixes: clitics may be written as separate words, but sometimes they are joined to the word they depend on (like the Latin clitic -que, meaning "and").
Waterbury Dam
The Waterbury Dam was built between 1935 and 1938 by 2,000 men working for the Corps of Engineers, United States Army, to serve as one of three dams to control the flow of Little River, Vermont, Winooski River and its tributaries. In 1927, flood waters from the Winooski River killed over 55 people and caused an estimated $13,000,000 in damage. Along with flood control, the dam generates electric energy, generating an average of 15,000,000 kilowatt-hours (54,000,000 MJ) annually.

The 1,845 feet (562 m) long dam is filled with 2,200,000 cubic yards (1,700,000 m3) of material, including 3,490 cubic yards (2,668 m3) of clay in its center portion. The rocks, which serve as the dam's walls, were hand-placed during the dam's original construction in 1938. The dam was modified in 1957 and 1958 to provide for increased security.

The dam and the reservoir it creates, the Waterbury Reservoir, are located in the town of Waterbury in northwestern Washington County.

Washington County, Vermont
Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Vermont. Named after George Washington, its county seat is the city of Montpelier (the least populous state capital in the United States) and the most populous city is the city of Barre. As of the 2020 census, the population was 59,807, making it the third-most populous county in Vermont, but the third-least populous capital county in the United States after Hughes County, South Dakota and Franklin County, Kentucky; in 2023, the estimated population was 60,142. Washington County comprises the Barre, Vermont micropolitan statistical area. In 2010, the center of population of Vermont was located in Washington County, in the town of Warren.
Cycling at the 2023 Pan American Games
Cycling competitions at the 2023 Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile will be held at five venues across Santiago. The BMX racing competitions will be held in the BMX Track in Peñalolén, while the Esplanade of urban sports will feature freestyle BMX events. 
San Cristobal Metropolitan Park will stage the mountain biking competitions, and the Streets of Isla de Maipo and Santiago will stage the road competitions. Finally the velodrome will stage the track cycling competitions.

22 medal events will contested, four in BMX, two in mountain biking and four in road cycling and 12 in track cycling. Each discipline is gender neutral in terms of events. A total of 250 cyclists qualified to compete at the games.

Mountain biking
Mountain biking (abbr. MTB) is a sport of riding bicycles off-road, often over rough terrain, usually using specially designed mountain bikes. Mountain bikes share similarities with other bikes but incorporate features designed to enhance durability and performance in rough terrain, such as air or coil-sprung shocks used as suspension, larger and wider wheels and tires, stronger frame materials, and mechanically or hydraulically actuated disc brakes. Mountain biking can generally be broken down into distinct categories: cross country, trail, all mountain, enduro, downhill and freeride.
Daniel T. Scannell
Daniel Thomas Scannell Jr. (November 17, 1912 - February 19, 2000) was a policeman, attorney, and business executive who held numerous positions in the Metropolitan Transportation Authority in New York State over a 45-year tenure.

Attorney at law
Attorney at law or attorney-at-law, usually abbreviated in everyday speech to attorney, is the preferred term for a practising lawyer in certain jurisdictions, including South Africa (for certain lawyers), Sri Lanka, the Philippines, and the United States. The term has its roots in the verb to attorn, meaning to transfer one's rights and obligations to another.
Synaphea tripartita
Synaphea tripartita is a shrub endemic to Western Australia.

The small clumped shrub blooms between July and October producing yellow flowers.

It is found in small area in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia between Lake Grace and Kulin where it grows in gravelly-clay soils over laterite.

Wheatbelt (Western Australia)
The Wheatbelt is one of nine regions of Western Australia defined as administrative areas for the state's regional development, and a vernacular term for the area converted to agriculture during colonisation. It partially surrounds the Perth metropolitan area, extending north from Perth to the Mid West region, and east to the Goldfields–Esperance region.  It is bordered to the south by the South West and Great Southern regions, and to the west by the Indian Ocean, the Perth metropolitan area, and the Peel region.  Altogether, it has an area of 154,862 square kilometres (59,793 sq mi) (including islands).

The region has 42 local government authorities, with an estimated population of 75,000 residents. The Wheatbelt accounts for approximately three per cent of Western Australia's population.
F. F. Odenweller-James P. and Nettie Morey House
The F. F. Odenweller-James P. and Nettie Morey House is a historic building located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States.  It is a 1½-story frame cottage that follows an irregular plan. It features chamfered corners, Stick Style strips, moulded lintels, beaded corner boards, decorative shinglework, and a small front porch with a shed roof.  The property on which it stands is one of ten plats that were owned by Drake University. The University sold the lot to Delos Cutler, one of the University Land Company organizers, in 1887. The next year he sold the property to F.F. Odenweller.  After seven years the property was sold to A.A. Smith and O.E. Bowers.  In 1896, the year the house was built, the property was sold to J.P. Morey, and he owned it for twenty-three years.  Its significance is attributed to the effect of the University's innovative financing techniques upon the settlement of the area around the campus. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Stick style
The Stick style was a late-19th-century American architectural style, transitional between the Carpenter Gothic style of the mid-19th century, and the Queen Anne style that it had evolved into by the 1890s. It is named after its use of linear "stickwork" (overlay board strips) on the outside walls to mimic an exposed half-timbered frame.
Rafael Álvarez (baseball)
Rafael Ángel Álvarez Flores (born 22 January 1977) is a baseball coach and former professional player who coaches the Spain national team and played as an outfielder and first baseman. Born in Venezuela, he represented Spain internationally.

Álvarez played in the Minnesota Twins farm system from 1994 through 2000. Afterwards, he played in the Mexican League and several Minor League circuits from 2001–2011.

In between, Álvarez played winter ball with six different clubs of the Venezuelan League between the 1994-95 and 2013-14 seasons, most prominently for the Tiburones de La Guaira during nine seasons spanning 1994-95/2013-14, being part of two pennant winners and a Caribbean Series championship in its 2006 edition.

Venezuelan Professional Baseball League
The Venezuelan Professional Baseball League (Spanish: Liga Venezolana de Béisbol Profesional, or LVBP) is the top-level professional baseball league in Venezuela. The league's champion takes part in the Caribbean Series each year.
George Wright Golf Course
George Wright Golf Course is a municipal golf course in the Hyde Park and Roslindale neighborhoods of Boston, Massachusetts. The course was designed by Donald Ross, with the construction completed as one of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's Works Progress Administration (WPA) projects. It represents one of the least known but impressive examples of Ross' breathtaking design art. The course opened in 1938.

Neighborhoods in Boston
Boston's diverse neighborhoods serve as a political and cultural organizing mechanism. The City of Boston's Office of Neighborhood Services has designated 23 Neighborhoods in the city:

The islands in Boston Harbor are administered as part of the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area.

The Boston Redevelopment Authority, the City Parking Clerk, and the City's Department of Neighborhood Development have also designated their own neighborhoods. Unofficially, Boston has many overlapping neighborhoods of various sizes. Neighborhood associations have formed around smaller communities or commercial districts (often with "Square" in the name) that have a well-defined center but poorly identified extremities.
Yuko Nagayama
Yuko Nagayama (永山祐子, born 1975) is a Japanese architect and a visiting professor at the Musashino Art University. As a Tokyo native, she worked at Jun Aoki & Associates from 1998 to 2002 and subsequently started her own architecture studio, Yuko Nagayama & Associates. She designed the Tokyu Kabukicho Tower at the heart of Tokyo, and is one of the architects of Torch Tower, which is expected to be the tallest building in Japan by 2027.

Nagayama received numerous awards, including the JCD designer award 2018, the Tokyo award 2018, and the iF Design Award 2023.

IF Product Design Award
The iF Product Design Award was introduced in 1954 and is annually conferred by the iF International Forum Design. The award, which spans multiple disciplines, has more than 5,500 entries from around 59 nations every year.
All You Can Do
All You Can Do is the third studio album by American spoken word artist and rapper Watsky.  The 16-track album was released on August 12, 2014.  Watsky said in a YouTube video that he wanted the album to be a tribute to his parents, and that because of this, the album cover would be a photo of his father, poet Paul Watsky, and his cat, Saruman.  During this video, he also gave a preview of a song, entitled Hand Over Hand featuring producer and rapper Anderson .Paak.  The album was preceded by the single Whoa Whoa Whoa, produced by Anderson .Paak, Mr. Carmack, Mikos da Gawd, and Lo Def.

Spoken word
Spoken word is an oral poetic performance art that is based mainly on the poem's as well as the performer's aesthetic qualities. It is a 20th-century continuation of an ancient oral artistic tradition that focuses on the aesthetics of recitation and word play, such as the performer's live intonation and voice inflection. Spoken word is a catch-all term that includes any kind of poetry recited aloud, including poetry readings, poetry slams, jazz poetry, pianologues, musical readings, and hip hop music, and can include comedy routines and prose monologues. Unlike written poetry, the quality of spoken word is shaped less by the visual aesthetics on a page, and more from phonaesthetics or the aesthetics of sound.
1968 Summer Paralympics
The 1968 Summer Paralympics (Hebrew: המשחקים הפאראלימפיים בקיץ 1968) were the third Paralympic Games to be held. Organised under the guidance of the International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation (ISMGF), they were known as the 17th International Stoke Mandeville Games at the time. The games were originally planned to be held alongside the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, but in 1966, the Mexican government decided against it due to difficulties. The Israeli government offered to host the games in Tel Aviv, a suggestion that was accepted.

The opening ceremony took place in the Hebrew University stadium at the Givat Ram campus in Jerusalem and the games took place in Ramat Gan, Tel Aviv District, at the Israel Sports Center for the Disabled. The closing ceremony took place in the Tel Aviv Trade Center. Therefore, these games were the first in Paralympic history to not be held concurrently with the Olympic Games.

Ramat Gan
Ramat Gan (Hebrew: רמת גן, pronounced [raˈmat ˈɡan] ⓘ) is a city in the Tel Aviv District of Israel, located east of the municipality of Tel Aviv, and is part of the Gush Dan metropolitan area. It is home to a Diamond Exchange District (one of the world's major diamond exchanges), Sheba Medical Center (the largest hospital in Israel) and many high-tech industries.

Ramat Gan was established in 1921 as a moshava, a communal farming settlement. In 2023 it had a population of 167,794.
Fouad Elkaam
Fouad Elkaam (born 27 May 1988), also known as Fouad El Kaam, is a Moroccan middle-distance runner. He competed in the 1500 m event at the 2015 World Championships and 2016 Olympics. Elkaam tested positive for the stimulant methylhexaneamine in June 2011 and was subsequently handed a 6-month ban from sports. He later won the gold medal in the 1500 m event at the 2016 African Championships.

Methylhexanamine
Methylhexanamine (also known as methylhexamine, 1,3-dimethylamylamine, 1,3-DMAA, dimethylamylamine, and DMAA; trade names Forthane and Geranamine) is an indirect sympathomimetic drug invented and developed by Eli Lilly and Company and marketed as an inhaled nasal decongestant from 1948 until it was voluntarily withdrawn from the market in the 1980s.

Since 2006 methylhexanamine has been sold extensively under many names as a stimulant or energy-boosting dietary supplement under the claim that it is similar to certain compounds found in geraniums, but its safety has been questioned as a number of adverse events and at least five deaths have been associated with methylhexanamine-containing supplements. It is banned by many sports authorities and governmental agencies.  Despite multiple warning letters from the FDA, as of 2019, the stimulant remains available in sports and weight loss supplements in the US.
Verne Harris
Verne Harris has been the archivist for the papers of Nelson Mandela since 2004, as Head of the Memory Programme at the Nelson Mandela Foundation’s Centre of Memory and Dialogue.

Before that, he had worked for South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission and was the Director of the South African History Archive (SAHA). From 1985 until 2001 he was an archivist with South Africa's State Archives Service and, beginning in 1997, the newly established National Archives of South Africa; he served as deputy director from 1993 to 2001.

Archivist
An archivist is an information professional who assesses, collects, organizes, preserves, maintains control over, and provides access to records and archives determined to have long-term value. The records that are maintained by an archivist can consist of a variety of forms, including but not limited to letters, diaries, logs, other personal documents, government documents, sound or picture recordings, digital files, or other physical objects.