hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ant venom
Ant venom is any of, or a mixture of, irritants and toxins inflicted by ants.   Most ants spray or inject a venom, the main constituent of which is formic acid only in the case of subfamily Formicinae.

Toxin
A toxin is a naturally occurring poison produced by metabolic activities of living cells or organisms. They occur especially as proteins, often conjugated. The term was first used by organic chemist Ludwig Brieger (1849–1919), derived from toxic.

Toxins can be small molecules, peptides, or proteins that are capable of causing disease on contact with or absorption by body tissues interacting with biological macromolecules such as enzymes or cellular receptors. They vary greatly in their toxicity, ranging from usually minor (such as a bee sting) to potentially fatal even at extremely low doses (such as botulinum toxin).
Muatide massacre
Between November 6 and 8, 2020, jihadist militants from Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jamaah (ASWJ) executed over fifty civilians in the village of Muatide. The massacre took place four days into the group's occupation of the town, and many of the victims were undergoing male initiation rites. The bodies of residents from other occupied villages were brought to the football field in the town, and ASWJ fighters hunted down remaining civilians that had fled into the bush.

Mueda
Mueda [ˈmwɛða] is the largest town of the Makonde Plateau in northeastern Mozambique.  It is the capital of the Mueda District in Cabo Delgado Province.  It is the center of the culture of the Makondes, and the production of their ebony sculptures.
Corneliu Codreanu (footballer)
Corneliu Ioan Codreanu (born 11 February 1977) is a Romanian former football right back. Codreanu played in his career mainly for FCM Bacău, but he also spent some periods at teams like: Laminorul Roman, UTA Arad, Aerostar Bacău or Botoşani. In 2011 Codreanu signed with Unirea Mircești, a lower leagues side from Iași County and automatically becoming an important name of the small team. He won afterwards two times Liga IV with Unirea, in 2015 and 2017, but lost in both times the Liga III promotion play-off, in 2015 against Voința Răucești and in 2017 against Oțelul Galați.

Codreanu was badly injured in the left knee in summer of 2003. He was operated in May 2004 at Leverkusen and was out till the end of the year. The German doctor said that the operation made by Romanian doctors was made in mockery.

Liga III
The Liga 3, most often spelled as Liga III, is the third level of the Romanian football league system. It was founded in 1936 and was called Divizia C until 2006. An exception was the seasons 1992–93 to 1996–97, in which the league was called Divizia B. Its name was changed from Divizia C to Liga III before the start of the 2006–07 season.
Marlena Shaw Live at Montreux
Marlena Shaw Live at Montreux is a live album by American vocalist Marlena Shaw recorded at the Montreux Jazz Festival in 1973 and released on the Blue Note label. Shaw's introduction to the track "Woman of the Ghetto" was sampled for St. Germain's album Tourist (2000), Blue Boy's "Remember Me" (1996), Ghostface Killah's song "Ghetto" (2010), and Spanish hip-hop group Violadores del Verso in their song "Balantains".

Tourist (St Germain album)
Tourist is the third studio album by French producer Ludovic Navarre, released under his stage name St Germain. The album's musical style features a combination of nu jazz and acid jazz, what AllMusic described as "a synthesis of electronics with jazz soloing".

Tourist formed the soundtrack of the 2001 French film Chaos.
St. Vitus' Abbey on the Rott
St. Vitus' Abbey, occasionally also St. Vitus' Abbey on the Rott (German: Kloster Sankt Veit; Kloster Sankt Veit an der Rott), was a Benedictine monastery in the municipality of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit in the district of Mühldorf in Bavaria, Germany.

It was founded in 1121 by the nobleman Dietmar of Lungau, and dissolved during the secularisation of Bavaria in 1802. Formerly in the diocese of Salzburg, the abbey was a member of the Benedictine Salzburg Congregation from 1641 until its dissolution.

The premises were given at first to the Damenstift of St. Anna in Munich, but in 1829 came into the possession of the Saxon Baron Maximilian von Speck-Sternburg and then in 1858 were sold to Count Maximilian von Montgelas.

Neumarkt-Sankt Veit
Neumarkt-Sankt Veit (German pronunciation: [ˈnɔʏmaʁkt zaŋkt ˈfaɪt] ⓘ; until 1934 Neumarkt an der Rott) is a town in the district of Mühldorf, in Bavaria, Germany. It is located on the river Rott, 10 kilometers north of Mühldorf, and 33 kilometers southeast of Landshut.
Porter Wagoner and Skeeter Davis Sing Duets
Porter Wagoner and Skeeter Davis Sing Duets is a studio album by American country artists, Porter Wagoner and Skeeter Davis. It was released in May 1962 on RCA Victor and contained 12 tracks. The album was collection of duet recordings between both performers. A total of 12 tracks comprised the album, most of which were covers of songs first recorded by other music artists. The album was given positive reviews at the time of its release.

Skeeter Davis
Skeeter Davis (born Mary Frances Penick; December 30, 1931 – September 19, 2004) was an American country music singer and songwriter who sang crossover pop music songs including 1962's "The End of the World". She started out as part of the Davis Sisters as a teenager in the late 1940s, eventually recording for RCA Victor. In the late 1950s, she became a solo star.

One of the first women to achieve major stardom in the country music field as a solo vocalist, she was an acknowledged influence on Tammy Wynette and Dolly Parton, and was hailed as an "extraordinary country/pop singer" by The New York Times music critic Robert Palmer.
1899 City of Wellington by-election
The 25 July 1899 City of Wellington by-election was caused by the resignation of incumbent MP John Hutcheson over the Marine Scandal. Hutcheson, along with MP Frederick Pirani had accused Premier Richard Seddon and Minister of Marine William Hall-Jones amongst others, of using influence to obtain Mariners certificates for unqualified candidates in contravention of the recent Shipping and Seamen's Act. When the Marine Commission report  declared that the charges were unfounded Hutcheson resigned in order to exonerate himself by means of a by-election win.

William Hall-Jones
Sir William Hall-Jones KCMG (16 January 1851 – 19 June 1936) was the 16th prime minister of New Zealand from June 1906 until August 1906.

Hall-Jones entered parliament in 1890, later becoming a member of the Liberal Party. He was interim prime minister from the death of Richard Seddon to the return from overseas of Joseph Ward. Hall-Jones was a mild mannered man with a fully earned reputation as an outstanding administrator. Seddon famously said of him, "He is the best administrator I have in my Cabinet."

From 1908 to 1912, Hall-Jones was New Zealand's High Commissioner to the United Kingdom.
Clement Wilson (writer)
Clement Wilson (born 11 May 1976) is a journalist, author and travel writer. Born in Ireland, he was educated at Glenalmond College and Trinity College, Dublin and currently lives in Edinburgh. His journalism has appeared in numerous newspapers and magazines and he has written books on the Gumball 3000 rally (with jockey Richard Dunwoody) and Iceland amongst other subjects. He is a member of The British Guild of Travel Writers and the Chartered Institute of Journalists.

Glenalmond College
Glenalmond College is a co-educational independent boarding school in Perth and Kinross, Scotland, for pupils aged between 12 and 18 years. It is situated on the River Almond near the village of Methven, about 8 miles (13 km) west of the city of Perth. The college opened in 1847 as Trinity College, Glenalmond and was renamed in 1983. Originally a boys' school, Glenalmond became co-educational in the 1990s.
Intaver Institute
Intaver Institute is a software development company that develops a suite of project management, risk analysis and risk managementapplications. Intaver Institute's product is project risk management and risk analysis software suite RiskyProject. Intaver Institute is a privately owned company headquartered in Naples, Florida, United States and Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Event chain methodology
Event chain methodology is a  network analysis technique that is focused on identifying and managing events and relationships between them (event chains) that affect project schedules. It is an uncertainty modeling schedule technique. Event chain methodology is an extension of quantitative project risk analysis with Monte Carlo simulations. It is the next advance beyond critical path method and critical chain project management. Event chain methodology tries to mitigate the effect of motivational and cognitive biases in estimating and scheduling. It improves accuracy of risk assessment and helps to generate more realistic risk adjusted project schedules.
Iacetani
The Iacetani or Jacetani (Ancient Greek: Ιακκητανοι, romanized: Iakkētanoi, or Latin: iacetani) were a pre-Roman people who populated the area north of Aragon (Spain). They settled the Ebro valley, specifically in the area along the Pyrenees. Its capital was Iaca (now Jaca). According to Strabo, their land stretched from the Pyrenees to Lleida and Huesca. It is believed that they could be related to the Aquitanes. They were known to stamp coins. They also appear in the texts of Pliny the Elder and Ptolemy. However, it is likely that some of the ancient sources confuse them with the Lacetani.

Huesca
Huesca (Spanish: [ˈweska]; Aragonese: Uesca) is a city in north-eastern Spain, within the autonomous community of Aragon. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Aragon between 1096 and 1118. It is also the capital of the Spanish province of the same name and of the comarca of Hoya de Huesca. In 2009, it had a population of 52,059, almost a quarter of the total population of the province. The city is one of the smallest provincial capitals in Spain.

Huesca celebrates its main festival, the Fiestas de San Lorenzo, in honor of Saint Lawrence, from 9 to 15 August.
Lougheed House
Lougheed House, or as it was originally known Beaulieu, (French meaning "beautiful place") is a National Historic Site located in the Beltline district of Calgary, Alberta. Originally constructed in 1891 as a home for Senator James Alexander Lougheed KCMG PC KC and his wife Isabella Clarke Hardisty, the structure has since become an iconic heritage building in Calgary. Lougheed House is operated by Lougheed House Conservation Society, an independent, non-profit society devoted to the restoration and public enjoyment of the historic house and its Gardens.

Over its long history, Lougheed House served many roles, including as a family residence, a training centre for young women, a women's military barracks and a Red Cross blood donor clinic. Then, for many years, it sat empty — cared for, but unused until its restoration started in 2000.

Historic site
A historic site or heritage site is an official location where pieces of political, military, cultural, or social history have been preserved due to their cultural heritage value. Historic sites are usually protected by law, and many have been recognized with official historic status. A historic site may be any building, landscape, site or structure that is of local, regional, national, or global significance. Usually this also means the site must be at least 50 years or older.
65th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards
The 65th Annual Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards ceremony was held on September 15, 2013, at the Nokia Theatre in Downtown Los Angeles. The ceremony was held in conjunction with the annual Primetime Emmy Awards and is presented in recognition of technical and other similar achievements in American television programming, including guest acting roles. The ceremony was highlighted by eight Emmy wins for the HBO film Behind the Candelabra, as well as Bob Newhart's win for a guest appearance on The Big Bang Theory, his first Emmy win in a TV career spanning six decades. The ceremony was taped to air on Saturday, September 21, 2013, on FXX, one night before the live 65th Primetime Emmy Awards telecast on CBS.

HBO Films
HBO Films (formerly called HBO Premiere Films and HBO Pictures) is an American production and distribution company founded in 1983 as a division of the cable television network HBO that produces feature films and miniseries. The division produces fiction and non-fiction works under HBO Documentary Films, primarily for distribution to their own customers, though recently the company has been funding theatrical releases.

HBO Films slates three or four films per year and develops most of them internally with theatrical films being distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures.
Jordan Pepper
Jordan Lee Pepper (born 31 July 1996) is a South African racing driver, currently competing in the Blancpain GT Series Endurance Cup. He is the son of former South African Touring Car driver Iain Pepper and younger brother of W Series driver Tasmin Pepper.

Pepper was the winner of the 2020 Bathurst 12 Hour for Bentley with Jules Gounon and Maxime Soulet. In 2023, he became a Lamborghini factory driver. Together with Mirko Bortolotti and Luca Engstler, Pepper won the 2025 24 Hours of Spa.

2025 24 Hours of Spa
The 2025 24 Hours of Spa (also known as the CrowdStrike 24 Hours of Spa due to sponsorship reasons) was the 78th running of the 24 Hours of Spa. The race took place from 28 to 29 June 2025. The race was part of both the 2025 GT World Challenge Europe Endurance Cup and the 2025 Intercontinental GT Challenge.
Puzur-Suen (Gutian king)
Puzur-Suen (fl. late 3rd millennium BCE) was the 16th Gutian ruler of the Gutian Dynasty of Sumer mentioned on the "Sumerian King List" (SKL). According to the SKL: Puzur-Suen was the successor of Hablum. Yarlaganda then succeeded Puzur-Suen (likewise according to the SKL.)

Sumer
Sumer (/ˈsuːmər/ SOO-mər) is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the 5th and 4th millennium BC. Like nearby Elam, it is one of the cradles of civilization, along with Egypt, the Indus Valley, the Erligang culture of the Yellow River valley, Caral-Supe, and Mesoamerica. Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, Sumerian farmers grew an abundance of grain and other crops, a surplus of which enabled them to form urban settlements. The world's earliest known texts come from the Sumerian cities of Uruk and Jemdet Nasr, and date to between c. 3350 – c. 2500 BC, following a period of proto-writing c. 4000 – c. 2500 BC.
Gayatri Raje Pawar
Gayatri Raje Pawar is an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Pawar is a member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from the Dewas constituency in Dewas district. She was married to the late Maharaja of Dewas Senior Tukoji Rao Pawar (1963-2015).

Dewas district
Dewas district (Hindi pronunciation: [d̪eːʋaːs]) is a district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The town of Dewas is the district headquarters. It belongs to Ujjain Division.

The Dewas District roughly corresponds to the territories of the twin Maratha princely states of Dewas - Junior & Senior. The district straddles the Vindhya Range; the northern portion of the district lies on the Malwa plateau, while the southern portion lies in the valley of the Narmada River. The Narmada forms the southern boundary of the district. The district is bounded to the east by Sehore District, to the south by the Harda and Khandwa districts, to the west by the Khargone and Indore districts, and to the north by the Ujjain and Shajapur districts. Dewas District is part of Ujjain Division. Devsaal Rawats of Uttarakhand are said to have their origins in Dewas at the time of legendary king Vikramāditya. Dewas is about 152 kilometres (94 mi) from Bhopal and 40 kilometres (25 mi) from Indore by road.
Necatorin
Necatorin is a highly mutagenic chemical compound with the molecular formula C15H8N2O3.  It is found in some mushrooms including Lactarius turpis (ugly milk-cap; older: L. necator), from which it was first isolated and characterized. It tests positive in the Ames test, an assay for mutagenicity.  Crude extracts of L. necator are also highly mutagenic in a bacterial test system, and this effect it attributed to necatorin.

Necatorin is present in L. necator at concentrations of 3 to 20 mg/kg, and blanching the mushroom can reduce it to about 25% of its original amount.  In boiling water, the chemical compound is stable except under acidic conditions (pH = 5).

Ames test
The Ames test is a widely employed method that uses bacteria to test whether a given chemical can cause mutations in the DNA of the test organism. More formally, it is a biological assay to assess the mutagenic potential of chemical compounds. A positive test indicates that the chemical is mutagenic and therefore may act as a carcinogen, because cancer is often linked to mutation. The test serves as a quick and convenient assay to estimate the carcinogenic potential of a compound because standard carcinogen assays on mice and rats are time-consuming (taking two to three years to complete) and expensive. However, false-positives and false-negatives are known.

The procedure was described in a series of papers in the early 1970s by Bruce Ames and his group at the University of California, Berkeley.
Video games in South Africa
The video games sector in South Africa is one of the largest video games markets and Esports scenes in Africa. The video games sector has overtaken the South African market in movies and music in market value and is still rapidly increasing. In 2016 the South African games industry advocacy group, Interactive Entertainment South Africa, stated that the video game market in the country was worth R2.2 billion (US$ 139 million) whilst the domestic games industry was worth R58 million (US$ 5.46 million) in 2014. A 2021 study by Newzoo and Carry1st estimated that 40% (24 million people) of sub-Saharan Africa's video game playing population were located in South Africa.

Mind Sports South Africa
Mind Sports South Africa (MSSA) is recognised by Act of Parliament as the national controlling body for mind sports in South Africa.

Mind Sports South Africa (MSSA) is also an affiliate of the International eSports Federation, Fédération Mondiale du Jeu de Dames, and the International Wargames Federation. Due to its membership of such international bodies, the MSSA is the sole authority for the games that it caters for in terms of the Sport and Recreation Act, number 110 of 1998 (as amended).
Itsumademo Suki de Itakute
"Itsumademo Suki de Itakute" (いつまでも好きでいたくて, lit. "I Want to Love You Forever") is the 20th single by Japanese idol duo Wink. Written by Yasushi Akimoto and Kazuhiko Katō, the single was released on February 23, 1994, by Polystar Records.

Yasushi Akimoto
Yasushi Akimoto (Japanese: 秋元 康, Hepburn: Akimoto Yasushi; born May 2, 1958) is a Japanese record producer, lyricist, and television writer, best known for creating and producing some of Japan's top idol groups, Onyanko Club and the AKB48 franchise. Total sales of the singles he has written exceed 100 million copies, making him the best-selling lyricist in Japan.
P.D.A. (We Just Don't Care)
"P.D.A. (We Just Don't Care)" is a song by American singer John Legend, taken from his second studio album, Once Again (2006). It was written by Legend, Jessyca Wilson, Eric Hudson, and Kawan Prather, with production overseen by Hudson and Jack Splash. Craig Street and Legend as credited as co-producers on the song. An acronym for public display of affection, "P.D.A. (We Just Don't Care)" was released in early 2007 as the album's third single.

The song became a success in the Netherlands where it reached number 20 on both the Dutch Top 40 and the Single Top 100. An accompanying music video for the song, which was shot in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil by Australian director Nabil Elderkin, premiered on Yahoo! Music on January 29. 2007. Brazilian actor Alexandre Rodrigues appears on the music video. "P.D.A. (We Just Don't Care)" was later included on the international soundtrack of the Brazilian soap opera Paraíso Tropical, produced by Rede Globo.

Jack Splash
Jack Splash is an American recording artist, musician, songwriter, and record producer from Los Angeles, California. Splash's works have won multiple Grammy's and include writing and production on singles for artists such as Alicia Keys, Kendrick Lamar, J. Cole, John Legend, CeeLo Green, Solange Knowles, Mayer Hawthorne, Goodie Mob, Ras Kass, B.o.B, R. Kelly, Pixie Lott, Christina Aguilera, Jazmine Sullivan, Jennifer Hudson, Melanie Fiona, Musiq Soulchild, Tank and the Bangas, K. Michelle, Keyshia Cole, Anthony Hamilton, Dirt Nasty, Estelle, Elijah Blake, Groove Armada, Zap Mama, Raheem DeVaughn, Natasha Bedingfield, Lemar, Kelis, Katy Perry, Missy Elliott, Mary J. Blige, Sia, Valerie June, Cimafunk & Rhiannon Giddens.
Carl Georg Rogberg
Carl Georg Rogberg (6 August 1789 – 28 January 1834) was a Swedish priest and university teacher. Rogberg was born in Växjö. He matriculated at Uppsala University in 1807 and studied at the faculty of theology, graduating in 1818. He started to take seminaries to become a vicar at Heliga Trefaldighets congregation in Uppsala in 1823. In 1828 he became a member of the Bible commission, which was working on a new translation of the Bible into Swedish and in 1831 he became professor of pastoral theology in Uppsala, where he died.

Växjö
Växjö (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈvɛ̂kːɧøː]) is a city and the seat of Växjö Municipality, Kronoberg County, Sweden. As of 2023, it had 74,052 inhabitants, out of a total 98,280 municipal residents (2025). It is the administrative, cultural, and industrial centre of Kronoberg County and the episcopal see of the Diocese of Växjö, with Växjö Cathedral at its heart. The city is also home to Linnaeus University.
Megapenthes (son of Menelaus)
In Greek mythology, Megapenthes (Ancient Greek: Μεγαπένθης), the illegitimate son of Menelaus, king of Mycenaean Sparta, by a slave. He married Alector's daughter, Iphiloche (or Echemela). His name means 'great sorrow'.

Bibliotheca (Apollodorus)
The Bibliotheca (Ancient Greek: Βιβλιοθήκη, romanized: Bibliothēkē, lit. 'Library') is a compendium of Greek myths and heroic legends, genealogical tables and histories arranged in three books, generally dated to the first or second century AD. The work is commonly described as having been written by Apollodorus (or sometimes Pseudo-Apollodorus), a result of its false attribution to the 2nd-century BC scholar Apollodorus of Athens.