hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Operculum (bryozoa)
In the bryozoan order Cheilostomatida, the operculum is a calcareous or chitinous lid-like structure that protects the opening through which the polypide protrudes.

Many species have modified the operculum in specialized zooids (avicularia) to form  a range of mandibles (probably for defense) or hair-like setae (probably for cleaning, or in some unattached species, such as Selenaria, for locomotion).

The cyclostome family Eleidae also convergently evolved an opercular structure during the Early Cretaceous to Paleocene.

Calcareous
Calcareous (/kælˈkɛəriəs/) is an adjective meaning "mostly or partly composed of calcium carbonate", in other words, containing lime or being chalky. The term is  used in a wide variety of scientific disciplines.
Ode to You World Tour
The Ode to You World Tour (stylized as Seventeen World Tour Ode to You) was the third world concert tour headlined by South Korean boy group Seventeen, supporting their third studio album An Ode. The tour began on August 30, 2019, at the KSPO Dome in Seoul, South Korea, and concluded on February 8, 2020, at Mall of Asia Arena in Pasay, Philippines, having been cut short by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Olympic Gymnastics Arena
The Olympic Gymnastics Arena (Korean: 올림픽체조경기장), also known as the KSPO Dome since 2018, is an indoor arena located within the Olympic Park in Seoul, South Korea. It has a capacity of 15,000.

It was constructed between 31 August 1984 and 30 April 1986, to host the gymnastics competitions at the 1988 Summer Olympics. The roof was designed by David H. Geiger. It is a self-supporting cable dome – the first of its kind ever built – with a four-layer fabric cladding. In 2018, the arena was extensively remodeled, including improving the conditions for concerts and redesigning the facade.
Vopiscus Julius Iullus
Vopiscus Julius Iullus (fl. c. 473 BC) was a Roman statesman, who held the consulship in 473 BC, a year in which the authority of the Roman magistrates was threatened after the murder of a tribune of the plebs.

Consul
Consul (abbrev. cos.; Latin plural consules) was the title of one of the two chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently also an important title under the Roman Empire. The title was used in other European city-states through antiquity and the Middle Ages, in particular in the Republics of Genoa and Pisa, then revived in modern states, notably in the First French Republic. The related adjective is consular, from the Latin consularis.

This usage contrasts with modern terminology, where a consul is a type of diplomat.
Kaytha
Kaytha or Kayatha is a village and an archaeological site in the Ujjain district of Madhya Pradesh, India, in the Tarana tehsil, near the city of Ujjain, on the banks of Choti-Kali Sindh river.

In 1964, V. S. Wakankar discovered the archeologically important Kayatha culture here, dating back to more than 4000 years.

Ujjain district
Ujjain district (Hindi pronunciation: [ʊd͡ːʒɛːn̪]) is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. The historic city of Ujjain is the district headquarters. The district has an area of 6,091 km2, and a population of 19,86,864 (2011 census), a 16.12% increase from its 2001 population of 17,10,982.
Ro (title)
Ro is a title used by Fijian chiefs in the Province of Rewa, as well as in areas of Naitasiri, Namosi, and Serua Provinces.

Both males and females are so styled. In other areas of Fiji, male chiefs are titled Ratu and female chiefs, Adi.

Serua Province
Serua is one of Fiji's fourteen provinces. Its 830 square kilometers occupy the southernmost areas of Viti Levu, being one of 8 provinces based on Fiji's largest island.

According to a report by David Wilkinson an interpreter and advisor to Sir Arthur Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Baron Stanmore, 1st, Governor of Fiji, the region was one of the least stable regions of Fiji before cession in 1874. It led to the secession of the western part of the province into the neighbouring province of Nadroga-Navosa in 1916.

Serua is part of the Burebasaga confederacy. The traditional head of the province is titled the Vunivalu of Korolevu and is based on the tiny island of Serua (to which the province is named after) just off the coast of the province.

The province is governed by a Provincial Council, chaired by Taito Nakalevu based in the nearest township of Navua.

Places of interest in the province include the Pacific Novitiate at Lomeri Pacific Harbour and Deuba beach.
Spirit of Burgas
Spirit of Burgas was a summer music festival in the city of Burgas, on the Black Sea coast of Bulgaria. The first edition of the festival took place on 15–17 August 2008 and since then has significantly grown in popularity, becoming one of the most prominent summer festivals in Europe.
Among its partners and sponsors are MTV Europe, who aired two specials about the festival in September 2008, as well as Tuborg, Mobiltel, Jack Daniel's, Jacobs, and DSK Bank.

Jack Daniel's
Jack Daniel's is a brand of Tennessee whiskey produced at Jack Daniel Distillery in Lynchburg, Tennessee, which has been owned by the Brown–Forman Corporation since 1956.

Packaged in square bottles, Jack Daniel's "Black Label" Tennessee whiskey sold 12.9 million nine-liter cases in 2017. Other brand variations, such as Tennessee Honey, Tennessee Apple, Gentleman Jack, Tennessee Fire, and ready to drink (RTD) products brought the total to more than 16.1 million equivalent adjusted cases for the entire Jack Daniel's family of brands.
Sweeney 2
Sweeney 2 is a 1978 British action crime drama film directed by Tom Clegg and starring John Thaw and Dennis Waterman. It was a sequel to the 1977 film Sweeney!. Both films are an extension of the British ITV television series The Sweeney (1975–1978). Some of the action in the film is transferred from the usual London setting to Malta.

The series and films depict a fictionalised version of the Flying Squad. The term The Sweeney is derived from Cockney rhyming slang, originating in the expression Sweeney Todd: Flying Squad, and is a real term used by the London underworld to refer to the squad, whose brief was to investigate armed robbery within the Metropolitan Police District (MPD), an area roughly corresponding to Greater London.

The film centres on the investigations of the fictional Detective Inspector Jack Regan and his partner Detective Sergeant George Carter.

Rhyming slang
Rhyming slang is a form of slang word construction in the English language. It is especially prevalent among Cockneys in England, and was first used in the early 19th century in the East End of London; hence its alternative name, Cockney rhyming slang. In the United States, especially in the criminal underworld of the West Coast between 1880 and 1920, rhyming slang has sometimes been known as Australian slang.

The construction of rhyming slang involves replacing a common word with a phrase of two or more words, the last of which rhymes with the original word; then, in almost all cases, omitting, from the end of the phrase, the secondary rhyming word (which is thereafter implied), making the origin and meaning of the phrase elusive to listeners not in the know.
Live from the Paradiso
Live from the Paradiso is a live EP by the American indie rock band Cold War Kids. The three tracks were taken from a live show at the Paradiso venue in Amsterdam on November 10, 2008. "A Change Is Gonna Come" is a Sam Cooke cover. The live EP was released on December 2, 2008.

Cold War Kids
Cold War Kids are an American indie rock band from Long Beach, California. Band members are Nathan Willett (vocals, piano, guitar), Matt Maust (bass guitar), David Quon (guitar, backing vocals), Matthew Schwartz (keyboards, backing vocals, guitar, percussion), and Joe Plummer (drums, percussion). Former members of the band include Dann Gallucci (guitar, keyboards, percussion), Matt Aveiro (drums, percussion), and Jonnie Russell (guitar, vocals, piano, keyboards, percussion).

Forming in 2004 in Fullerton, California, the Cold War Kids' early releases came from independent record label Monarchy Music. In 2006, the band signed with Downtown/V2 and released their major label debut Robbers & Cowards to cult appeal from fans and critics. 2008's Loyalty to Loyalty and 2011's Mine Is Yours saw the band develop different musical sounds and lyrical content throughout to mixed reviews. The band's seventh studio album, New Age Norms 1, was released on November 1, 2019.
Mike Manley (artist)
Michael Manley (born October 19, 1961) is an American artist, most notable as a comic strip cartoonist and comic book inker and penciller. Manley currently draws two syndicated comic strips, Judge Parker and The Phantom. He is also known for co-creating the Marvel Comics character Darkhawk.

Western Publishing
Western Publishing, also known as Western Printing and Lithographing Company, was an American company founded in 1907 in Racine, Wisconsin, best known for publishing the Little Golden Books. Its Golden Books Family Entertainment division also produced children's books and family-related entertainment products. The company had editorial offices in New York City and Los Angeles, California. Western Publishing became Golden Books Family Entertainment in 1996.

Golden Books Family Entertainment was eventually acquired jointly by Classic Media, owner of the catalog of United Productions of America (UPA), and book publisher Random House in a bankruptcy auction in 2001. Little Golden Books remains as an imprint of Penguin Random House. Golden Guides and Golden Field Guides are published by St. Martin's Press.
Krasnoselsk, Russia
Krasnoselsk (Russian: Красносе́льск) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Krasnoselsk, Altai Republic, a selo in Choysky District of the Altai Republic

Krasnoselsk, Ulyanovsk Oblast, a settlement in Novospassky District of Ulyanovsk Oblast

Krasnoselsk, Altai Republic
Krasnoselsk (Russian: Красносельск) is a rural locality (a selo) in Ynyrginskoye Rural Settlement of Choysky District, the Altai Republic, Russia. The population was 228 as of 2016. There are 7 streets.
Donald Dickie
Donald Dickie (born 8 May 1972 in New Zealand) is a former professional Australian rules footballer notable for his brief appearance in the Australian Football League for the Port Adelaide Football Club. Dickie was born in New Zealand of a Māori heritage, he is one of few Maori Australians in the history of the VFL/AFL. His family emigrated to South Australia where he played with the Norwood Football Club.

Norwood Football Club
The Norwood Football Club, nicknamed the Redlegs, is an Australian rules football club competing in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). Its home ground is Coopers Stadium (Norwood Oval), which is often referred to as "The Parade". It is one of the two traditional powerhouse clubs of the SANFL, the other being Port Adelaide, who together have won half of all SANFL premierships (see Port Adelaide–Norwood SANFL rivalry). The club has won 31 SANFL premierships and 1 SANFLW premiership.
Lotte Chilsung
Lotte Chilsung Beverage Co., Ltd. (Korean: 롯데칠성음료 주식회사) is a drink manufacturer in South Korea affiliated with Lotte Corporation. The company's name, Chilsung (Korean: 칠성; Hanja: 七星; RR: chilseong), signifies "Big Dipper" or seven stars, and its logo displays seven stars aligned in a row.

Soju
Soju (English pronunciation: /ˈsoʊdʒuː/; Korean: 소주) is a clear and colorless distilled alcoholic beverage from Korea, traditionally made from rice, but later from other grains and has a flavor similar to vodka. It is usually consumed neat. Its alcohol content varies from about 12.5% to 53% alcohol by volume (ABV). Since 2007 low alcohol soju (below 20%) has become the most common type.

Traditionally, most brands of soju are produced in the Andong region of South Korea, but also in other regions and countries. While soju was traditionally made from rice, South Korean ethanol producers replace rice with other starch, such as cassava due to significantly lower capital costs. Soju often appears similar to several other East Asian liquors while differing in alcohol contents.
Clearfield Canal Trail
The Clearfield Canal Trail is a 3-mile-long (4.8 km) trail that parallels the Davis Weber Canal within Clearfield, Utah, United States. It begins at North 1200 West (University Park Boulevard) and travels northwest, roughly along the course of the canal. Along its path, it crosses South 1500 East and Bernard Fisher Highway (SR-193/South 700 East) before crossing twice over the canal. The trail temporarily ends at East 200 South, immediately east of I-15, but resumes at East 300 North (on the west side of I-15. After crossing Bruce Street, it reaches West 650 North (SR-103), with North Main Street (SR-126 to the west and I-15 to the east). There are eventual plans to connect the two sections of the trail.

Utah State Route 193
State Route 193 is an east and west highway located completely in Davis County, Utah, United States that begins at the West Davis Corridor, runs past the south entrance of Hill Air Force Base and ends at US-89.
Dirk Kroese
Dirk Pieter Kroese (born 1963) is a Dutch-Australian mathematician and statistician, and Emeritus Professor at the University of Queensland. He is known for several significant contributions to applied probability, kernel density estimation, Monte Carlo methods and rare-event simulation. He is, with Reuven Rubinstein, a pioneer of the Cross-Entropy (CE) method.

Monte Carlo method
Monte Carlo methods, also called the Monte Carlo experiments or Monte Carlo simulations, are a broad class of computational algorithms based on repeated random sampling for obtaining numerical results. The underlying concept is to use randomness to solve deterministic problems.

Monte Carlo methods are mainly used in three distinct problem classes: optimization, numerical integration, and non-uniform random variate generation, available for modeling phenomena with significant input uncertainties, e.g. risk assessments for nuclear power plants. Monte Carlo methods are often implemented using computer simulations. They can provide approximate solutions to problems too complex for mathematical analysis.
Dunston F.C.
Dunston Football Club is a football club based in the Dunston area of Gateshead, Tyne and Wear, England. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Division One East and play at the UTS Stadium.

Gateshead
Gateshead (/ˈɡeɪts(h)ɛd/) is a town in the Gateshead Metropolitan Borough of Tyne and Wear, England. It is on the River Tyne's southern bank. At the 2021 census, the population was 196,151.

Historically part of County Durham, under the Local Government Act 1888 the town was made a county borough, meaning it was administered independently of the county council.

The town's attractions include the twenty-metre-tall Angel of the North sculpture on the town's southern outskirts, The Glasshouse International Centre for Music and the Baltic Centre for Contemporary Art. The town shares the Millennium Bridge, Tyne Bridge and multiple other bridges with Newcastle upon Tyne.
The Elements of Typographic Style
The Elements of Typographic Style is a book on typography and style by Canadian typographer, poet and translator Robert Bringhurst. Originally published in 1992 by Hartley & Marks Publishers, it was revised in 1996, 2001 (v2.4), 2002 (v2.5), 2004 (v3.0), 2005 (v3.1), 2008 (v3.2), and 2012 (v4.0). A history and guide to typography, it has been praised by Hermann Zapf, who said "I wish to see this book become the Typographers' Bible." Jonathan Hoefler and Tobias Frere-Jones consider it "the finest book ever written about typography," according to the FAQ section of their type foundry's website. Because of its status as a respected and frequently cited resource, typographers and designers often refer to it simply as Bringhurst.

The title alludes to The Elements of Style, the classic guide to writing by Strunk and White.

Hermann Zapf
Hermann Zapf (German: [ˈhɛʁman ˈtsapf]; 8 November 1918 – 4 June 2015) was a German type designer and calligrapher who lived in Darmstadt, Germany. He was married to the calligrapher and typeface designer Gudrun Zapf-von Hesse. Typefaces he designed include Palatino, Optima, and Zapfino. He is considered one of the greatest type designers of all time.
Pudozhsky Uyezd
Pudozhsky Uyezd (Пудожский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Olonets Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the eastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Pudozh. The territory of the uyezd is now part of the Pudozhsky District of the Republic of Karelia and of the Kargopolsky and Plesetsky districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast.

Pudozhsky District
Pudozhsky District (Russian: Пу́дожский райо́н; Karelian: Puudožin piiri) is an administrative district (raion), one of the fifteen in the Republic of Karelia, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is 12,700 square kilometers (4,900 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Pudozh. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 21,659, with the population of Pudozh accounting for 44.8% of that number.
Jensen Distribution Services
Jensen Distribution Services was a wholesale hardware distributor that serviced over 2,000 customers in 11 western states. Jensen Distribution Services carries over 52,000 items in departments including household hardware, hand and power tools, electrical, plumbing, paint and sundries, outdoor living, housewares, automotive, and lawn & garden products.

Paint
Paint is a material or mixture that, when applied to a solid material and allowed to dry, adds a film-like layer. As art, this is used to create an image or images known as a painting. Paint can be made in many colors and types. Most paints are either oil-based or water-based, and each has distinct characteristics.

Primitive forms of paint were used tens of thousands of years ago in cave paintings.

Clean-up solvents are also different for water-based paint than oil-based paint. Water-based paints and oil-based paints will cure differently based on the outside ambient temperature of the object being painted (such as a house).
N. P. V. Ramasamy Udayar
N. P. V. Ramasamy Udayar was an Indian industrialist and a close associate of MG Ramachandran. He owned Mohan Breweries and Distilleries, first liquor manufacturer when state lifted liquor ban. In 1985, Sri Ramachandra Medical College, first privately owned medical college was founded in Tamil Nadu, later it became as Sri Ramachandra University. According to the Urban Land Ceiling Act, his trust occupied land was under dispute later. In April 1987, the Government has changed the rules to obtain exemption from the Act. In 1994, he launched a Tamil channel called GEC (Golden Eagle Communication), which was later acquired by Star India and renamed as Star Vijay.

Disney Star
Disney Star, now JioStar India Private Limited (and formerly Star India), is an Indian media conglomerate joint venture between Disney India, Reliance Industries and the latter's subsidiary Viacom18. On 14 November 2024, Viacom18 merged its assets with Disney India's subsidiary Disney Star to form JioStar. The deal, valued at $8.5 billion, involved the investment of ₹11,000 crore (US$1.3 billion) by Reliance Industries, which left Reliance Industries with a total stake of 63.16%, 16.34% directly and 46.82 percent through Viacom18, with Disney India controlling the remaining 36.84%. It is the largest television and entertainment network in India, operating more than 100 TV channels and a major streaming platform called JioHotstar.
Barent Staats
Barent Philip Staats (September 25, 1796 – ?) was an American politician who served as the mayor of Albany, New York. Staats ran as a Democrat and defeated John Townsend (Whig) by 336 votes in 1842. The next year he doesn't run for reelection, and Friend Humphrey (Whig) defeated Peter Gansevoort by 226 votes.

During the 57th New York State Legislature from January 1 – December 31, 1834 he was a Jacksonian Assemblyman. He was a doctor.

Philip S. Staats, son of Joachim and Elizabeth (Schuyler) Staats, was born July 26, 1755, and married Annetje Van Alstyne (baptized January 13, 1762). He lived on Staats Island, Rensselaer County, and his fourth child was Barent P. Staats.

Staats married Maria Gourlay. His second wife was Maria Ann Winne and his third wife was Caroline Porter. He is buried at Albany Rural Cemetery in Menands, New York.

57th New York State Legislature
The 57th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 7 to May 6, 1834, during the second year of William L. Marcy's governorship, in Albany.
Marquis of Marialva
Count of Cantanhede (in Portuguese Conde de Cantanhede) was a Portuguese title of nobility created by a royal decree, dated from 6 August 1479, by King Afonso V of Portugal, and granted to D. Pedro de Menezes, 5th Lord of Cantanhede.

In the 17th century this family received new honours: a royal decree of King Afonso VI of Portugal, issued on 11 June 1661, created the title of Marquis of Marialva (in Portuguese Marquês de Marialva) and granted it to D. António Luís de Menezes, 3rd Count of Cantanhede.

Once the 6th Marquis of Marialva died without issue, these two titles are today represented by the 7th Duke of Lafões, Afonso Caetano de Barros e Carvalhosa de Bragança (born 1956), descendant of D. Henriqueta Maria Júlia de Lorena e Menezes, eldest sister to the late 6th Marquis of Marialva. The title is nowadays used by D. Diogo de Bragança, uncle of the 7th Duke of Lafões.

Duke of Lafões
Duke of Lafões (in Portuguese, Duque de Lafões; [ˈdukɨ ðɨ lɐˈfõjʃ]) is a Portuguese title of nobility created under the decree of February 17, 1718, of King John V of Portugal and granted to his nephew, Dom Pedro Henrique de Bragança, the driving force behind Palacio do Grilo and first son of Infante Miguel de Bragança, the latter an illegitimate son of King Peter II of Portugal and Anne Armande Pastre de Verger. Pedro's mother, Luisa Casimira de Sousa Nassau e Ligne was the first to use this title. The title was later passed on to his brother, João Carlos de Bragança e Ligne de Sousa Tavares Mascarenhas da Silva, the most famous Duke of this title.
Jason Barker
Jason Barker (born 1971) is a British scholar of contemporary French philosophy, a novelist, film director, screenwriter, and producer. He is Honorable Professor at Kyung Hee University in the College of Foreign Language and Literature, where he teaches a masters course on Marxism and Literature with the British philosopher Ray Brassier. He was previously a visiting professor at the European Graduate School, having taught in the Faculty of Media and Communication alongside Alain Badiou, Judith Butler, Jacques Rancière, Avital Ronell, Slavoj Žižek, and others.

Most notable for his translation and introductions to the philosophy of Alain Badiou, Barker draws on an eclectic range of influences including neoplatonism, Lacanian psychoanalysis, and Marxism. Writing in both the English and French languages, Barker has also contributed to debates in post-Marxism.

Los Angeles Review of Books
The Los Angeles Review of Books (LARB) is a literary review magazine covering the national and international book scenes. A preview version launched on Tumblr in April 2011, and the official website followed one year later in April 2012. A print edition premiered in May 2013.

Founded by Tom Lutz, Chair of the Creative Writing Department at the University of California, Riverside, the Review seeks to redress the decline in Sunday book supplements by creating an online “encyclopedia of contemporary literary discussion.”