hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Constant of integration
In calculus, the constant of integration, often denoted by  (or ), is a constant term added to an antiderivative of a function  to indicate that the indefinite integral of  (i.e., the set of all antiderivatives of ), on a connected domain, is only defined up to an additive constant. This constant expresses an ambiguity inherent in the construction of antiderivatives.

More specifically, if a function  is defined on an interval, and  is an antiderivative of  then the set of all antiderivatives of  is given by the functions  where  is an arbitrary constant (meaning that any value of  would make  a valid antiderivative). For that reason, the indefinite integral is often written as  although the constant of integration might be sometimes omitted in lists of integrals for simplicity.

Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.  A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton.

Mathematics typically does not define precisely what constitutes a "set" or "collection", because such a definition would have to be in terms of something else previously defined.  Instead, sets serve as foundational objects whose behavior is described by axioms modeled on intuition about collections, and then essentially all other mathematical objects are rigorously defined in terms of sets.

Set theory studies possible axiom systems and their consequences.
Since the first half of the 20th century, ZFC (Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice) has been the axiom system most commonly used.
Don't Let It Show
"Don't Let It Show" is a song recorded by the Alan Parsons Project for their 1977 album I Robot, where it was included as the fifth track on the album. It was written by Alan Parsons and Eric Woolfson and features Dave Townsend on lead vocals. "Don't Let It Show" was released as a single and charted in both Canada and the United States.

Alan Parsons
Alan Parsons OBE (born 20 December 1948) is an English audio engineer, songwriter, musician, singer and record producer.

Parsons was the sound engineer on albums including the Beatles' Abbey Road (1969) and Let It Be (1970), Pink Floyd's Dark Side of the Moon (1973), and the eponymous debut album by Ambrosia in 1975. Parsons's own group, The Alan Parsons Project, as well as his subsequent solo recordings, have also been commercially successful. He has been nominated for 13 Grammy Awards, with his first win occurring in 2019 for Best Immersive Audio Album for Eye in the Sky (35th Anniversary Edition).
Franz Gabriel Fiesinger
Franz Gabriel Fiesinger or Flesinger (12 March 1723 – 21 February 1807) was a German engraver.

He was born in the Free Imperial City of Offenburg in the Holy Roman Empire and raised by Jesuits until the order was suppressed in 1773. He spent the early stages of his career in Germany under the painter Franz S. Stöber, before moving to Switzerland and then France, where he engraved portraits of members of the National Convention. When the Reign of Terror broke out he moved to London, remaining there until 1798 and the birth of the French Consulate. He returned to France, where he reproduced in medallion format the portraits by Jean-Urbain Guérin, Kléber, Desaix, Masséna, Régnier and other Republican generals. He also produced illustrations for the physiognomy of Lavater and engraved several assignats for the mint. He moved back to London in 1802, dying there five years later.

Offenburg
Offenburg (German pronunciation: [ˈɔfn̩ˌbʊʁk] ⓘ; "open borough" - coat of arms showing open gates; Low Alemmanic: Offäburg) is a city in the state of Baden-Württemberg, in south-western Germany. With nearly 60,000 inhabitants (2019), it is the largest city and the administrative capital of the Ortenaukreis.
2024 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Women's giant slalom
The women's giant slalom in the 2024 FIS Alpine Skiing World Cup included eleven events, including the final. The season opened in Sölden, Austria on 28 October 2023. After an injury to defending champion Mikaela Shiffrin of the United States, the season championship became a battle between Lara Gut-Behrami of Switzerland and Federica Brignone of Italy, which went down to the last race of the season at the finals in Saalbach-Hinterglemm, Austria before Gut-Behrami triumphed.

Lara Gut-Behrami
Lara Gut-Behrami (née Gut; Italian pronunciation: [ˈlaːra ˈɡut]; born 27 April 1991) is a Swiss World Cup alpine ski racer who competes in all disciplines and specializes in the speed events of downhill and Super-G. She won the gold medal in the super-G event at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing. With 48 World Cup victories to her name across 3 disciplines, she is one of the all-time greats in Alpine skiing history. She is the first woman with at least ten World Cup victories in three different disciplines. With six Super-G globes, which is an overall record, 24 World Cup victories and both an olympic and world championships gold medal, she can be considered the most successful alpine skier in Super-G of all time.
Payson D. Sheets
Payson Daniel Sheets (born 1944) is an American archaeologist, Mayanist, and professor of anthropology at the University of Colorado Boulder. He is primarily known for his research in Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica and Lower Central America, most importantly for his work on the Maya civilization at Joya de Cerén in El Salvador (although he has worked throughout the western United States, Canada, Panama, Guatemala, Costa Rica, and Nicaragua). He specializes in Mesoamerican archaeology, lithic technology, ancient adaptations, geophysical applications, hazards research (sudden environmental change – particularly volcanic eruptions), and remote sensing.

Environmental change
Environmental change is a change or disturbance of the environment most often caused by human influences and natural ecological processes. Environmental changes include various factors, such as natural disasters, of human interferences, or animal interaction. Environmental change encompasses not only physical changes, but also factors like an infestation of invasive species.
Tureaud
Tureaud is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

A. P. Tureaud (1899–1972), American attorney

A. P. Tureaud Jr. (born c. 1936), African-American speaker, artist, educator, and author

Mr. T (born Laurence Tureaud, 1952), American actor, television personality, and wrestler

A. P. Tureaud
Alexander Pierre "A. P." Tureaud Sr. (February 26, 1899 – January 22, 1972) was an American attorney who headed the legal team for the New Orleans chapter of the NAACP during the Civil Rights Movement. With the assistance of Thurgood Marshall and Robert Carter from the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, A. P. Tureaud filed the lawsuit that successfully ended the system of Jim Crow segregation in New Orleans. That case paved the way for integrating the first two elementary schools in the Deep South.
Watkins and Flint Purchase
The Watkins and Flint Purchase is a tract of land, approximately 300,000 acres (1,200 km2), in the Southern Tier of New York State granted to John W. Watkins and Royal Flint and associates of New York City, in 1794, following an application to the New York Commissioners of the Land-Office in 1791. It is bounded on the north by the Central New York Military Tract, on the east by the Boston Ten Townships, on the west by the Preemption Line which separates it from the Phelps and Gorham Purchase and on the south by an east–west strip north of the Pennsylvania border at 42 degrees north (approximately), which was the original Township of Chemung.

It was originally part of Tioga County and today includes parts of Schuyler County, Chemung County, Tioga County, and the Tompkins County towns of Newfield, Danby and Caroline (not including the northernmost line of lots, which was taken from the Central New York Military Tract town of Dryden).

Chemung County, New York
Chemung County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. The population was 84,148 as of the 2020 census. Its county seat is Elmira. Its name is derived from a Delaware Indian village whose name means "big horn" in the Seneca language. The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.

Chemung County comprises the Elmira, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Elmira-Corning, NY Combined Statistical Area.

Many signs posted along roads in Chemung County refer to the area as "Mark Twain Country," because the noted author lived and wrote for many years in Elmira.
Sergey Romanov
Sergey Anatolyevich Romanov (Russian: Сергей Анатольевич Романов), born 20 September 1958, is a Russian scientist, internal dosimetry and radiation protection specialist, PhD in biology (2003). He served as Director in the Southern Urals Biophysics Institute from 1997 to 2024. Since October 2, 2024 he is Director Adviser. He is the author and coauthor of more than 150 research papers.

Vladimir Uyba
Vladimir Viktorovich Uyba (Russian: Владимир Викторович Уйба), born in 1958, is a Russian statesman, scientist, and doctor, who has served as the 5th Head of the Komi Republic from 2020 to 2024. Before being appointed to that position, he was deputy health minister and head of the Federal Biomedical Agency.

He has the federal state civilian service rank of 1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation. He is a doctor of medical sciences, a professor, and was awarded an honorary titles of the Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Honored Doctor of the Chechen Republic, Honored Doctor of the Republic of Ingushetia, and Honored Doctor of the Republic of South Ossetia. He is of Estonian descent through his father.
Hindustani Academy
Hindustani Academy is an autonomous literary organization runs under the Language Department of the Government of Uttar Pradesh. Founded in 1927, it is based in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. The organization is dedicated to the preservation, promotion, and development of languages such as Hindi, Urdu, Braj Bhasha, Awadhi, Bhojpuri, Bundeli, etc., and their respective literature.

Braj Bhasha
Braj is a language within the Indo-Aryan language family spoken in the Braj region in Western Uttar Pradesh centered on Mathura. Along with Awadhi, it was one of the two predominant literary languages of North-Central India before gradually merging and contributing to the development of standardized Hindi in the 19th century. It is spoken today in its unique form in many districts of Western Uttar Pradesh, often referred to as 'Central Braj Bhasha'.

The language was historically used for Vaishnavite poetry dedicated to Krishna, whose life was associated with sites in the Braj region. There were also early prose works in terms of the hagiographical vārtā literature of the Vallabha sect.

Braj is considered by scholars to be a more conservative example of the Central Indo-Aryan languages compared to the Hindustani language, which has been influenced by Punjabi and intermediate dialects.
Sahil Kukreja
Sahil Kukreja (born 9 July 1985) is a former Indian first-class cricketer who played for Mumbai. He made his first-class debut for Mumbai in the 2005–06 Ranji Trophy on 1 December 2005. He retired from all forms of cricket in 2011 at the age of 26, to study for an MBA degree in England.

Mumbai cricket team
The Mumbai cricket team is a cricket team which represents Mumbai in Indian domestic cricket. It is governed by Mumbai Cricket Association. Its home ground is Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai.

The team also plays its home matches at Bandra Kurla Complex Ground and Brabourne Stadium. The team comes under the West Zone designation. It was formerly known as the Bombay cricket team, but changed its name when the city was renamed from Bombay to Mumbai.

Mumbai is the most successful team in the history of Ranji Trophy, India's premier domestic cricket competition, with 42 titles. Its most recent title was in 2023–24. It also has won 14 (and 1 shared) Irani Cups.

Mumbai has produced some of the greatest Indian cricketers of all time, such as Sachin Tendulkar, Sunil Gavaskar,  Ajinkya Rahane, Rohit Sharma, Shreyas Iyer, Vijay Merchant, Polly Umrigar, and Dilip Vengsarkar.
Kentucky State Police
The Kentucky State Police (KSP) is a department of the Kentucky Justice and Public Safety Cabinet, and the official State Police force of the  Commonwealth of Kentucky, responsible for statewide law enforcement. The department was founded in 1948 and replaced the Kentucky Highway Patrol. The department's sworn personnel hold the title State Trooper, and its nickname is The Thin Gray Line.

Madisonville, Kentucky
Madisonville is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Hopkins County, Kentucky, United States, located along Interstate 69 in the state's Western Coal Fields region. As of the 2020 census, Madisonville had a population of 19,542. Madisonville is a commercial center of the region and is home to Madisonville Community College.
Derrick Boat No. 8
Derrick Boat No. 8, also known as DB 8, is a historic floating derrick located at Oswego, Oswego County, New York.  It was built in 1927, and it is one of the few surviving steam-powered floating derricks to have worked on the New York State Barge Canal.  It has a 75 foot by 28 foot hull composed of both riveted and welded heavy steel plate.  The site of the vessel's caretaker is the H. Lee White Marine Museum.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.

Oswego County, New York
Oswego County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 117,525. The county seat is Oswego. The county name is from a Mohawk-language word meaning 'the pouring out place', referring to the point at which the Oswego River feeds into Lake Ontario at the northern edge of the county in the city of Oswego. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Oswego County is part of the Syracuse metropolitan area.
Claude Gordon Douglas
Claude Gordon Douglas FRS (26 February 1882 in Leicester – 23 March 1963 in Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford) was a British physiologist, known for his research on respiratory physiology and the invention of the Douglas Bag.

Indirect calorimetry
Indirect calorimetry calculates heat that living organisms produce by measuring either their production of carbon dioxide and nitrogen waste (frequently ammonia in aquatic organisms, or urea in terrestrial ones), or from their consumption of oxygen. Indirect calorimetry estimates the type and rate of substrate utilization and energy metabolism in vivo starting from gas exchange measurements (oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production during rest and steady-state exercise). This technique provides unique information, is noninvasive, and can be advantageously combined with other experimental methods to investigate numerous aspects of nutrient assimilation, thermogenesis, the energetics of physical exercise, and the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases.
CYM51010
CYM51010 is an opioid drug which acts as a selective agonist for the μOR-δOR heteromer, with little affinity for the normal form of the mu opioid receptor or delta opioid receptor. It has analgesic effects but with a reduced side effect profile compared to typical mu opioid agonists.

Mu-opioid receptor
The μ-opioid receptors (using the Greek letter mu, abbreviated MOR) are a class of opioid receptors with a high affinity for enkephalins and beta-endorphin, but a low affinity for dynorphins. They are also referred to as μ(mu)-opioid peptide (MOP) receptors. The prototypical μ-opioid receptor agonist is morphine, the primary psychoactive alkaloid in opium and for which the receptor was named, with mu being the first letter of Morpheus, the compound's namesake in the original Greek. It is an inhibitory G-protein coupled receptor that activates the Gi alpha subunit, inhibiting adenylate cyclase activity, lowering cAMP levels.
Khaak Aur Khoon (film)
Khaak Aur Khoon is a 1979 Pakistani Urdu film directed by Masood Parvez and based on Naseem Hijazi's novel of the same name. The lead cast included Naveen Tajik, Shujaat Hashmi, Abid Ali, and Mehboob Alam. Despite having an average box office performance, Khaak Aur Khoon received 8 Nigar Awards for various aspects of filmmaking.

Naseem Hijazi
Sharif Hussain (Urdu: شریف حسین), who used the pseudonym Nasīm Hijāzī (Urdu: نسیم حجازی, commonly transliterated as Naseem Hijazi or Nasim Hijazi) (19 May 1914 – 2 March 1996), was an Urdu novelist and journalist.
Jeannette Auricht
Jeannette Auricht (born 22 January 1970 in Berlin) is a German politician serving as a member of the Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin since 2016. From 2015 to 2021, she served as chairwoman of the Alternative for Germany in Marzahn-Hellersdorf.

Marzahn-Hellersdorf
Marzahn-Hellersdorf (German: [maʁˈtsaːn ˈhɛlɐsdɔʁf] ⓘ) is the tenth borough of Berlin, formed in 2001 by merging the former boroughs of Marzahn and Hellersdorf.

The borough was formerly part of East Berlin.
Alțâna
Alțâna (German: Alzen; Hungarian: Alcina) is a commune in the north of Sibiu County, Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania. It is composed of three villages: Alțâna, Benești (Bägendorf; Bendorf), and Ghijasa de Sus (Obergesäß; Felsőgezés).

Sibiu County
Sibiu County (Romanian pronunciation: [siˈbiw]) is a county (Romanian: județ) of Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania. Its county seat (Romanian: reședință de județ) is the namesake town of Sibiu (German: Hermannstadt).
Jonathan Beecher
Jonathan French Beecher (born 1937) is a historian who has taught at the University of California, Santa Cruz since the early 1970s. He specializes in French history and European intellectual history, including Russian. He received his B.A. and his Ph.D. from Harvard University and also was a student at the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris for two years.

He authored biographies on the utopian socialist Charles Fourier and his successor and proponent Victor Prosper Considerant.

Charles Fourier
François Marie Charles Fourier (/ˈfʊrieɪ, -iər/; French: [ʃaʁl fuʁje]; 7 April 1772 – 10 October 1837) was a French philosopher, an influential early socialist thinker, and one of the founders of utopian socialism. Some of his views, held to be radical in his lifetime, have become mainstream in modern society. For instance, Fourier is credited with having originated the word feminism in 1837.

Fourier's social views and proposals inspired a movement of intentional communities. Among them in the United States were the community of Utopia, Ohio; La Reunion near present-day Dallas, Texas; Lake Zurich, Illinois; the North American Phalanx in Red Bank, New Jersey; Brook Farm in West Roxbury, Massachusetts; the Community Place and Sodus Bay Phalanx in New York State; Silkville, Kansas, and several others. In Guise, France, he influenced the Familistery of Guise. Fourier later inspired a diverse array of revolutionary thinkers and writers.
Bathurst Harbour, Tasmania
Bathurst Harbour is a shallow bay located in the south west region of Tasmania, Australia. Bathurst Harbour is contained within the Port Davey/Bathurst Harbour Marine Nature Reserve, and the Southwest National Park, part of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area.

The harbour is an expansive, almost landlocked, shallow bay of relatively uniform depth ranging from 3 to 7 metres (9.8 to 23.0 ft), which provides safe anchorage from the Roaring Forties that buffet the western and southern coasts of Tasmania. The harbour is connected by the narrow 12-kilometre (7.5 mi)-long Bathurst Channel to Port Davey, and then water flows into the Southern Ocean. Like most estuarine systems in southwest Tasmania, the water is stained a deep red-brown due to tannin leached from buttongrass and adjacent heathland.

West Coast, Tasmania
The West Coast of Tasmania is one of the regions of Tasmania in Australia. It is mainly isolated rough country and is associated with wilderness, mining and tourism. It served as the location of a convict settlement in the early history of Van Diemen's Land, and contrasts sharply with the more developed and populous northern and eastern parts of the island state.
Jasse Ikonen
Jasse Ikonen (born June 13, 1990) is a Finnish professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing with Färjestad BK in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL).

Ikonen previously played in the Finnish Liiga with KalPa, JYP, HIFK, Oulun Kärpät, Ilves, Ässät and HC TPS.

Färjestad BK
Färjestad Bollklubb (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈfæ̌rjɛsta]; abbreviated as FBK) is a Swedish professional ice hockey team based in Karlstad.

Färjestad has had 21 Swedish Championship final appearances, winning ten times since the Swedish Hockey League (SHL; formerly Elitserien) was started in 1975, making them the most successful SHL club in history. The team plays in the highest Swedish league and have done so since 1965. Following Brynäs IF's relegation to HockeyAllsvenskan in 2023, Färjestad is the only team to have constantly played in the current top tier of Swedish hockey, the SHL, since it was started in 1975. They reached the SHL championship finals for six consecutive seasons (2001–2006), winning the championship two times. They are featured rivals with Djurgårdens IF, Frölunda HC, and HV71.
Paso del Norte Health Foundation
The Paso del Norte Health Foundation is one of the largest private foundations on the U.S.–Mexico border. It was established in 1995 from the sale of Providence Memorial Hospital to Tenet Healthcare Corporation. The Foundation is committed to improving the health and promoting the wellness of the people living in west Texas, southern New Mexico, and Ciudad Juárez, Mexico, through education and prevention.

Between 1997 and the end of 2008, the Foundation committed nearly $90 million to the Paso del Norte region with more than 260 agencies receiving grants ranging from several thousand dollars to more than one million dollars.

Private foundation
A private foundation is a tax-exempt organization that does not rely on broad public support and generally claims to serve humanitarian purposes.

Unlike a charitable foundation, a private foundation does not generally solicit funds from the public or have the legal requirements and reporting responsibilities of a registered non-profit or charitable foundation. Not all foundations engage in philanthropy; some private foundations are used for estate planning purposes.
1982 German Formula Three Championship
The 1982 German Formula Three Championship (German: 1982 Deutsche Formel-3-Meisterschaft) was a multi-event motor racing championship for single-seat open wheel formula racing cars in Germany, Belgium and Austria. The championship featured drivers competing in two-litre Formula Three racing cars which conformed to the technical regulations, or formula, for the championship. It commenced on 28 March at Nürburgring and ended at Kassel-Calden on 3 October after ten rounds.

Volkswagen Motorsport driver John Nielsen became first Danish champion of the German Formula Three Championship. He dominated the championship, finishing ahead of all of his championship rivals in all seven races he was able to finish. His main title rival Bruno Eichmann had only won race at Salzburgring which wasn't attended by Nielsen. Gerhard Berger completed the top-three in the drivers standings. Franz Konrad was the only other driver who won race in the season.

Formula Three
Formula Three (F3) is a third-tier class of open-wheel formula racing. The various championships held in Europe, Australia, South America and Asia form an important step for many prospective Formula One drivers.