hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Probability current
In quantum mechanics, the probability current (sometimes called probability flux) is a mathematical quantity describing the flow of probability. Specifically, if one thinks of probability as a heterogeneous fluid, then the probability current is the rate of flow of this fluid. It is a real vector that changes with space and time. Probability currents are analogous to mass currents in hydrodynamics and electric currents in electromagnetism. As in those fields, the probability current (i.e. the probability current density) is related to the probability density function via a continuity equation. The probability current is invariant under gauge transformation.

The concept of probability current is also used outside of quantum mechanics, when dealing with probability density functions that change over time, for instance in Brownian motion and the Fokker–Planck equation.

The relativistic equivalent of the probability current is known as the probability four-current.

Flux
Flux describes any effect that appears to pass or travel (whether it actually moves or not) through a surface or substance. Flux is a concept in applied mathematics and vector calculus which has many applications in physics.  For transport phenomena, flux is a vector quantity, describing the magnitude and direction of the flow of a substance or property. In vector calculus, flux is a scalar quantity, defined as the surface integral of the perpendicular component of a vector field over a surface.
Ilex rotunda
Ilex rotunda, commonly called the Kurogane holly, is an evergreen tree in the holly family (Aquifoliaceae). It is native to east Asia, where it is found in China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Its natural habitat is in evergreen broadleaf forests, often in sunny areas such forest edges or on mountain slopes.

It has spineless leathery leaves and clusters of bright-red berries. It reaches 18 m at maturity (although 20 m is also reported). The tree blooms from May to June, and the seeds become ripe from October to December. The plants are dioecious. The fruits contain flavonols.

Kurogane holly was first described in 1784 by Carl Peter Thunberg, from species growing in Japan.

In Japan, it is commonly planted garden and street tree. It was first introduced to gardens of the New World through collections sent by Robert Fortune. In Japan, kurogane holly is one of the hibakujumoku trees. It is also the official tree of several Japanese municipalities.

Mature flowers

Carl Peter Thunberg
Carl Peter Thunberg, also known as Karl Peter von Thunberg, Carl Pehr Thunberg, or Carl Per Thunberg (11 November 1743 – 8 August 1828), was a Swedish naturalist and an "apostle" of Carl Linnaeus. After studying under Linnaeus at Uppsala University, he spent seven years travelling in southern Africa and Asia, collecting and describing many plants and animals new to European science, and observing local cultures. He has been called "the father of South African botany", "pioneer of Occidental Medicine in Japan", and the "Japanese Linnaeus".
Lee Yun-hui
Lee Yun-Hui (Korean: 이윤희; born 8 October 1980) is a retired South Korean female volleyball player. She was part of the South Korea women's national volleyball team.

She competed with the national team at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, finishing 8th.

Volleyball at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The 2000 women's Olympic volleyball tournament was the tenth edition of the event, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB in conjunction with the International Olympic Committee. It was held from 16 to 30 September 2000 in the Sydney Entertainment Centre in Darling Harbour.
The Dark Third
The Dark Third is the first full-length album by Pure Reason Revolution. It was produced by Paul Northfield (Rush, Porcupine Tree, Gentle Giant, Hole) and recorded at Fairhazel Studios and later RAK studios. An earlier single "Apprentice of the Universe" peaked at #74. The title refers to the "Dark Third", the third of a person's life spent asleep and dreaming, with the song on disc 2 "In Aurelia" being based lyrically and thematically around the book Aurelia by Gérard de Nerval.

Gérard de Nerval
Gérard de Nerval (French: [ʒeʁaʁ də nɛʁval]; 22 May 1808 – 26 January 1855), was the pen name of Gérard Labrunie, a French travel writer, essayist, poet, and translator. He was a major figure during the era of French romanticism, and best known for his novellas and poems, especially the collection Les Filles du feu (The Daughters of Fire), which included the novella Sylvie and the poem "El Desdichado". Through his translations, Nerval played a major role in introducing French readers to the works of German Romantic authors, including Klopstock, Schiller, Bürger and Goethe. His later work merged poetry and journalism in a fictional context and influenced Marcel Proust. His last novella, Aurélia ou le rêve et la vie, influenced André Breton and Surrealism.
Desert sucker
The desert sucker or Gila Mountain sucker (Pantosteus clarkii),  is a freshwater species of ray-finned fish in the sucker family, endemic to the Great Basin and the Colorado River Basin in the United States. It inhabits rapids and fast-flowing streams with gravelly bottoms. It is a bi-colored fish with the upper parts olive brown to dark green, and the underparts silvery-tan or yellowish. The head is cylindrical, tapering to a thick-lipped mouth on the underside. This fish can grow to 31 in (79 cm) in Arizona but is generally only about half this size elsewhere. Formerly placed in the genus Catostomus, it is now placed in the genus Pantosteus.

Great Basin
The Great Basin (Spanish: Gran Cuenca) is the largest area of contiguous endorheic watersheds, those with no outlets to the ocean, in North America. It spans nearly all of Nevada, much of Utah, and portions of California, Idaho, Oregon, Wyoming, and Baja California. It is noted for both its arid climate and the basin and range topography that varies from the North American low point at Badwater Basin in Death Valley to the highest point of the contiguous United States, less than 100 miles (160 km) away at the summit of Mount Whitney. The region spans several physiographic divisions, biomes, ecoregions, and deserts.
Badalpara
Badalpara is a village in Bakerganj Upazila of Barisal District in the Barisal Division of southern-central Bangladesh.

According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh, Badalpara had 1,273 households and a population of 5,505.

Barisal Division
Barisal Division (Bengali: বরিশাল বিভাগ, romanized: Borishal Bibhag; Bengali pronunciation: [boriʃal bibʱag]) is one of the eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. Located in the south-central part of the country, it has an area of 13,225 km2 (5,106 sq mi), and a population of 9,325,820 at the 2022 census. It is the least populous division in Bangladesh. It is bounded by Dhaka Division on the north, the Bay of Bengal on the south, Chittagong Division on the east and Khulna Division on the west. The administrative capital, Barisal city, lies in the Padma River delta on an offshoot of the Arial Khan River. Barisal division is criss-crossed by numerous rivers that earned it the nickname Dhan-Nodi-Khal, Ei tin-e Borishal (rice, river and canal built Barisal).
Ane Iriarte
Ane Iriarte Lasa (born 4 April 1995) is a Spanish racing cyclist, who last rode for UCI Women's Team Bizkaia Durango–Euskadi Murias. She rode in the women's scratch event at the 2018 UCI Track Cycling World Championships.

UCI Women's Team
A UCI Women's Team is a women's road bicycle team sanctioned by the International Cycling Union (UCI). These teams compete in the major women's bicycle races, including the UCI Women's World Tour. The country designation of each team is determined by the country of registration of most of its riders and is not necessarily the country where the team is registered or based.
Skripeyevka
Skripeyevka (Russian: Скрипеевка) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Bolshezhirovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Fatezhsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  26 (2010 Census); 24 (2002 Census);

Fatezhsky District
Fatezhsky District (Russian: Фате́жский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-eight in Kursk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northern part of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,281 square kilometers (495 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Fatezh. Population: 16,771 (2021 Census); 18,885 (2010 Census);  23,194 (2002 Census); 29,745 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Fatezh accounts for 28.0% of the district's total population.
Oh! Ma jolie Sarah
"Oh! Ma jolie Sarah" ("Oh! My pretty Sarah") is a song by French singer Johnny Hallyday. It was released in April 1971 as the lead single of Hallyday's 1971 studio album Flagrant délit ("In the act"). Written by Philippe Labro, Tommy Brown and Mick Jones, "Oh! Ma jolie Sarah" is one of the great successes of Hallyday, who regularly included the song his tours.

Mick Jones (Foreigner guitarist)
Michael Leslie Jones (born 27 December 1944) is an English musician, songwriter and record producer, best known as the founder, leader and only continuous original member of the British-American rock band Foreigner. Prior to Foreigner, he was in the band Spooky Tooth.
SS Aloha State
Aloha State built by Western Pipe and Steel Company, San Francisco, as Sea Snipe for the United States Maritime Commission as a standard Type C3-S-A2 transport ship. The ship was one of the first of the standard vessels modified into a troop transport. Sea Snipe was completed 29 May 1943 and delivered to the War Shipping Administration (WSA) upon completion. American President Lines operated the ship throughout the war under a WSA agreement. The ship, after brief charter to the British Ministry of War Transport in 1946 and lay up in 1947 served as a civilian transport ship for 24 years, first as Edward Luckenbach for Luckenbach Steamship Company then Aloha State for States Marine Lines. The ship was scrapped in August 1971.

Edgar F. Luckenbach
Edgar Frederick Luckenbach, Sr. (January 19, 1868 – April 26, 1943) was an American shipping magnate who inherited his father's steamship company, which he incorporated in 1913 under the name Luckenbach Steamship Company, Inc. (also known as Luckenbach Lines). He was also the President of Luckenbach Terminal Company. At his death in 1943, his estate amounted to more than 60 million dollars, or around 700 million dollars in 2022 money.
October 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
October 7 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - October 9

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on October 21 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For October 8th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on September 25.

September 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
September 24 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - September 26

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on October 8 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For September 25th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on September 12.
Vukašinović
Vukašinović (Cyrillic script: Вукашиновић) is a Bosnian, Croat, Montenegrin and Serb surname derived from a masculine given name Vukašin. Notable people with the surname include:

Darko Vukašinović (born 1985), Montenegrin footballer

Marko Vukašinović (born 1993), Montenegrin volleyball player

Milan Vukašinović (born 1982), Serbian footballer

Milić Vukašinović (born 1950), Bosnian and Yugoslavian musician from Sarajevo

Miloš Vukašinović, Serbian diplomat from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Miroslav Vukašinović (born 1948), Serbian footballer and manager

Sanja Vukašinović (born 1997), Serbian sports shooter

Srdjan Vukašinović (born 1983), accordionist of Serbian-Swiss origin

Theo Vukašinović (born 1996), English rugby union lock

Srdjan Vukašinović
Srdjan Vukašinović is a classical and folk accordionist of Serbian-Swiss origin. He was born in Petrovac, Serbia into a musical family. At the age of 16 in 1999, he won first prize for accordion players at the World Trophy Competition in Spain. He has been noted by the classical music community as one of the best accordion players in the world.
Faustino Félix Chávez
Faustino Francisco Félix Chávez (born 21 October 1967) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He served as a federal deputy in the 62nd Congress, representing Sonora's sixth district. He was elected municipal president of Cajeme in 2015.

Municipal president
A municipal president (Spanish: presidente municipal) is the chief of government of municipalities in Mexico. This title was also used in the Philippines during the Spanish and American colonial periods; it is comparable to a mayor of the town or city. The position is comparable to the county executive of a county in the United States or to the mayor of a city in the United States, although the jurisdiction of a presidente municipal includes not only a city but the municipality surrounding it.  Nationally, this position is also equivalent to that of Head of Government of the Federal District and that is why these positions are sometimes referred to as "mayors" in English-language publications.
South Fillmore Township, Montgomery County, Illinois
South Fillmore Township was a civil township of Montgomery County, Illinois, United States, including the community of Van Burensburg. It consisted of the northern two-thirds of survey Township 7 North, Range 2 West of the Third Principal Meridian.

Survey township
A survey township, sometimes called a Congressional township or just township, as used by the United States Public Land Survey System and by Canada's Dominion Land Survey is a nominally-square area of land that is nominally six survey miles (about 9.66 km) on a side. Each 36-square-mile (about 93.2 km2) township is divided into 36 sections of one square mile (640 acres, roughly 2.6 km2) each. The sections can be further subdivided for sale.

The townships are referenced by a numbering system that locates the township in relation to a principal meridian (north-south) and a base line (east-west). For example, Township 2 North, Range 4 East is the 4th township east of the principal meridian and the 2nd township north of the base line.
Cilicia Peace Treaty
The Cilicia Peace Treaty (March 9, 1921) was signed in London between France and the Turkish National Movement based in Angora to end the fighting in the Franco-Turkish War.

The signatories were French foreign minister Aristide Briand and Turkish foreign minister Bekir Sami Bey. However, the treaty did not achieve the intended goals. It was subsequently replaced with the Treaty of Ankara.

Bekir Sami Kunduh
Bekir Sami Bey (known as Bekir Sami Kunduh in modern Turkish sources; Ossetian: Къуындыхаты Муссæйы фырт Бечыр; 1867 – 16 January 1933) was a Turkish politician of Ossetian origin. He served as the first Minister of Foreign Affairs of Turkey during 1920–1921.
Busted (book)
Busted: A Tale of Corruption and Betrayal in the City of Brotherly Love is a 2014 non-fiction book by Wendy Ruderman and Barbara Laker. The book details the true tale of how Ruderman and Laker, two reporters at the Philadelphia Daily News, led an investigation into police corruption in Philadelphia. This book shows the back story of the "Tainted Justice" investigation which earned the women a Pulitzer Prize in 2010 for investigative reporting.

Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting
The Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting has been awarded since 1953, under one name or another, for a distinguished example of investigative reporting by an individual or team, presented as a single article or series in a U.S. news publication. It is administered by the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism in New York City.

From 1953 through 1963, the category was known as the Pulitzer Prize for Local Reporting, No Edition Time.  From 1964 to 1984, it was known as the Pulitzer Prize for Local Investigative Specialized Reporting.

The Pulitzer Committee issues an official citation explaining the reasons for the award.
Jannis Kounellis
Jannis Kounellis (Greek: Γιάννης Κουνέλλης; 23 March 1936 – 16 February 2017) was a Greek Italian artist based in Rome. A key figure associated with Arte Povera, he studied at the Accademia di Belle Arti in Rome.

Fondazione Prada
Fondazione Prada, co-chaired by Miuccia Prada and Patrizio Bertelli since 1995, is an institution dedicated to contemporary art and culture.
From 1993 to 2010, the Fondazione has organised 24 solo shows at its exhibition spaces in Milan, conceived as dialogues with acclaimed contemporary artists. In 2015, the Fondazione Prada opened a new, permanent facility in Milan.
Miguel Robles (swimmer)
Miguel Robles (born December 7, 1987) is a national-record holding backstroke swimmer from Mexico. He has swum for Mexico at the:

World Championships: 2007 and 2009

Pan American Games: 2011

Central American & Caribbean Games: 2006, 2010

As of the end of 2011, he holds the Mexican Records in the 100 and 200 backstroke for both long course and short course.

Backstroke
Backstroke or back crawl is one of the four swimming styles used in competitive events regulated by FINA, and the only one of these styles swum on the back. This swimming style has the advantage of easy breathing, but the disadvantage of swimmers not being able to see where they are going. It also has a different start from the other three competition swimming styles. The swimming style is similar to an upside down front crawl or freestyle. Both backstroke and front crawl are long-axis strokes. In individual medley backstroke is the second style swum; in the medley relay it is the first style swum.
Devendra
Devendra (Sanskrit: देवेन्द्र, romanized: Devendra) is a common Indian masculine given name. It comes from Sanskrit devendra 'chief of the gods', which has been used as an epithet of the Vedic god Indra.

Notable people with the name include:

Devendra Banhart, Venezuelan/American musician

Devendra Bishoo, West Indies cricketer

Devendra Fadnavis, Indian politician

Devendra Goel, Indian filmmaker

Devendra Jhajharia, Indian javelin thrower

Devendra Kumar Joshi, the Indian Chief of Naval Staff

Devendra Pandey, Indian politician who is best known for hijacking an airplane in 1978

Devendra Prabhudesai, Indian biographer

Devendra Prasad Gupta, Indian academic

Debendra Prasad Ghosh, Indian writer

Devendra Prasad Yadav, Indian politician

Devendra Singh (disambiguation), multiple people

Dev Alahan, a fictional character in ITV soap Coronation Street

Dev Alahan
Dev Alahan is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Coronation Street. Portrayed by Jimmi Harkishin, the character's first appearance was broadcast on 10 November 1999. He is the ex-husband of the Sunita Alahan (Shobna Gulati), husband to Bernie Winter (Jane Hazlegrove) and father to Amber Kalirai (Nikki Patel), Aadi Alahan (Zennon Ditchett/Adam Hussain) and Asha Alahan (Tanisha Gorey). And Shareen. Harkishin took breaks from the role on several occasions including in 2004, 2015, 2019 and 2025.
Turkey Creek (Little Sac River tributary)
Turkey Creek is a stream in the Ozarks of southwest Missouri. It is a tributary of the Little Sac River.

The source is located at: 37°24′39″N 93°33′50″W﻿ / ﻿37.41083°N 93.56389°W﻿ / 37.41083; -93.56389 and the confluence is at: 37°33′39″N 93°37′25″W﻿ / ﻿37.56083°N 93.62361°W﻿ / 37.56083; -93.62361. Turkey Creek begins as an intermittent stream on the northwest margin of Walnut Grove in northwestern Greene County adjacent to Missouri Route 123. It flows north into southwestern Polk County past Eudora and enters the Little Sac arm of Stockton Lake under Missouri Route 215. Prior to the filling of Stockton Lake the stream confluence with the Little Sac was just to the northwest in northeast Dade County. King Branch enters Turkey Creek from the south just south of Stockton Lake.

Turkey Creek was so named due to the presence of wild turkeys near its course.

Dade County, Missouri
Dade County is a county located in the southwest part of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,569. Its county seat is Greenfield. The county was organized in 1841 and named after Major Francis L. Dade of Virginia, who was killed in the Second Seminole War in 1835.
WNJH
WNJH (105.5 MHz) is a non-commercial educational FM radio station licensed to Cape May Court House, New Jersey. The station is owned by The Bridge of Hope, Inc. and it simulcasts the Christian adult contemporary radio format of sister station 88.7 WKNZ Harrington. The studios and offices are in Milford, Delaware.

WNJH has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 3,300 watts. The transmitter is on Court House South Dennis Road in Middle Township, New Jersey.

Non-commercial educational station
A non-commercial educational station (NCE station) is a radio station or television station that does not accept on-air advertisements (TV ads or radio ads), as defined in the United States by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and was originally intended to offer educational programming as part, or whole, of its programming. NCE stations do not pay broadcast license fees for their non-profit uses of the radio spectrum. Stations which are almost always operated as NCE include public broadcasting, community radio, and college radio, as well as many religious broadcasting stations.
Nearly all non-commercial radio stations derive their support from listener support, grants and endowments, such as the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) that distributes supporting funds provided by Congress to support public radio.
Gert Trasha
Gert Trasha (born January 31, 1988, in Elbasan) is an Albanian weightlifter. At age sixteen, Trasha became one of the youngest weightlifters to mark their official debut at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, representing his nation Albania. He placed thirteenth in the men's featherweight class (62 kg), as he successfully lifted 115 kg in the single-motion snatch, and hoisted 140 kg in the two-part, shoulder-to-overhead clean and jerk, for a total of 255 kg.

At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Trasha switched to a heavier class by competing in the men's lightweight division. Unlike his previous Olympics, Trasha did not finish the event, after failing to lift a snatch of 136 kg in three attempts.

Clean and jerk
The clean and jerk is a composite of two weightlifting movements, most often performed with a barbell: the clean and the jerk. During the clean, the lifter moves the barbell from the floor to a racked position across the deltoids, without resting fully on the clavicles. During the jerk, the lifter raises the barbell to a stationary position above the head, finishing with straight arms and legs, and the feet in the same plane as the torso and barbell.

Of the several variants of the lift, the most common is the Olympic clean and jerk, which, with the snatch, is included in Olympic weightlifting events. Clean and jerk is most commonly performed with a squat clean and a split jerk.
Huntington-Whiteley baronets
The Huntington-Whiteley Baronetcy, of Grimley in the County of Worcester, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 8 February 1918 for Herbert Huntington-Whiteley, Conservative Member of Parliament for Droitwich.

George Whiteley, 1st Baron Marchamley, was the elder brother of the first Baronet.
The 2nd Baronet married Lady Margaret Baldwin, daughter of the Conservative Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley.

Grimley, Worcestershire
Grimley is a village and civil parish (grid reference SO8360) in the Malvern Hills District in  the county of Worcestershire, England about 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Worcester. It is known for the Norman Parish Church; St Bartholome, and nature reserve SSSI.

The villages of Sinton Green and Monkwood Green sit within Grimley Parish. The parish had a population of 640 in 2021.