hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Foreign exchange regulation
Foreign exchange regulation is a form of financial regulation specifically aimed at the Forex market that is decentralized and operates with no central exchange or clearing house. Due to its decentralized and global nature, the foreign exchange market has been more prone to foreign exchange fraud and has been less regulated than other financial markets.

However, some countries do regulate forex brokers through governmental and independent supervisory bodies, for example, the National Futures Association and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission in the US, the Australian Securities & Investments Commission in Australia, and the Financial Conduct Authority in the UK. These bodies act as watchdogs for their respective markets and provide financial licenses to organizations that comply with local regulations.

Financial Conduct Authority
The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) is a financial regulatory body in the United Kingdom. It operates independently of the UK Government and is financed by charging fees to members of the financial services industry. The FCA regulates financial firms providing services to consumers, and maintains the integrity of the financial markets in the United Kingdom.

It focuses on the regulation of conduct by both retail and wholesale financial services firms. Like its predecessor the FSA, the FCA is structured as a company limited by guarantee.: 140

The FCA works alongside the Prudential Regulation Authority and the Financial Policy Committee to set regulatory requirements for the financial sector. The FCA is responsible for the conduct of around 58,000 businesses which employ 2.2 million people and contribute around £65.6 billion in annual tax revenue to the economy in the United Kingdom.
Northern Tupi–Guarani languages
The Northern Tupi–Guarani languages (also known as Tupi–Guarani VIII) are a subgroup of the Tupi–Guarani language family.

Along with the Timbira and Tenetehara languages, the Northern Tupi–Guarani languages form part of the lower Tocantins-Mearim linguistic area.

Timbira language
Timbira is a dialect continuum of the Northern Jê language group of the Jê languages ̣(Macro-Jê) spoken in Brazil. The various dialects are distinct enough to sometimes be considered separate languages. The principal varieties, Krahô /ˈkrɑːhoʊ/ (Craó), and Canela /kæˈnɛlə/ (Kanela), have 2000 speakers apiece, few of whom speak Portuguese. Pará Gavião has 600–700 speakers. Krẽje, however, is nearly extinct, with only 30 speakers in 1995.

Timibira has been intensive contact with various Tupi-Guarani languages of the lower Tocantins-Mearim area, such as Guajajára, Tembé, Guajá, and Urubú-Ka'apór. Ararandewára, Turiwára, Tupinamba, and Nheengatu have also been spoken in the area. Some of people in the area are also remembers of Anambé and Amanajé.
Santa Barbara station
Santa Barbara station is a passenger rail station in Santa Barbara, California, served by two Amtrak lines, the Coast Starlight and the Pacific Surfliner. The station is fully staffed with ticketing and checked baggage services.

Santa Barbara station is served by ten Amtrak Pacific Surfliner trains (five in each direction) evenly spaced throughout the day.

In Fiscal Year 2023, 325,490 passengers boarded or detrained at Santa Barbara station.

Coast Starlight
The Coast Starlight is a long-distance passenger train operated by Amtrak on the West Coast of the United States between Seattle and Los Angeles via Portland and the San Francisco Bay Area. The train, which has operated continuously since Amtrak's formation in 1971, was the first to offer direct service between Seattle and Los Angeles. Its name is a combination of two prior Southern Pacific (SP) trains, the Coast Daylight and the Starlight.

During fiscal year (FY) 2024, the Coast Starlight carried 359,432 passengers, an increase of 6.3% from FY 2023. In FY 2024, the train made 730 trips and 1 million train miles; it had a total revenue of $49.5 million, and operating expenses of $93.9 million.
Batman/Spawn: War Devil
Batman/Spawn: War Devil is a 1994 one-shot comic book published by DC Comics and written by Doug Moench, Alan Grant, and Chuck Dixon. This is one of two such crossovers between the two characters published that year (the other one being Image Comics' Spawn/Batman). A third meeting between the two characters and a sequel to Spawn/Batman, which was going to be titled Spawn/Batman: Inner Demons and would have pitted Batman and Spawn against the Joker and Clown, was announced but never published. The book, along with Spawn/Batman, was reprinted as Batman/Spawn: The Classic Collection on November 15, 2022.

Chuck Dixon
Charles Dixon (born April 14, 1954) is an American comic book writer, best known for his work on the Marvel Comics character the Punisher and on the DC Comics characters Batman, Nightwing, and Robin in the 1990s and early 2000s.
Houston Field House
Houston Field House is a multi-purpose arena located on the campus of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) in Troy, New York. 
It is the nation's third-oldest college hockey rink, behind Northeastern University's Matthews Arena and Princeton University's Hobey Baker Memorial Rink.  Further, it is the second-oldest arena in the ECAC Hockey League, behind Princeton's rink.  Until the opening of MVP Arena in Albany in 1990, it was the largest arena in the Capital Region.

Matthews Arena
Matthews Arena (formerly Boston Arena) is a defunct multi-purpose arena in Boston, Massachusetts currently owned by Northeastern University. At the time of its closure, it was the world's oldest multi-purpose athletic building still in use, as well as the oldest arena in use for ice hockey. The university plans to demolish the historic arena and replace it with a new facility.

It is the original home of the National Hockey League (NHL)'s Boston Bruins (the only team of the NHL's Original Six whose original home arena still exists), the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s Boston Celtics, and the World Hockey Association (WHA)'s New England Whalers (now the NHL's Carolina Hurricanes)

It was used by the Northeastern Huskies men's and women's ice hockey teams, and the men's basketball team, as well as various high school ice hockey programs in the city of Boston. The venue also hosted Northeastern's graduation ceremonies, its annual Springfest concert, and other events.
Sagna (surname)
Sagna is the surname of the following people

Augustin Sagna (born 1920), Senegalese prelate

Bacary Sagna (born 1983), French footballer

Christian Sagna (born 1982) is a Senegalese footballer

Henri Sagna (born 1973), Senegalese sculptor

Lansana Sagna (born 1994), Senegalese football player

Moussa Sagna Fall (born 1959), Senegalese high jumper

Pierre Sagna (bishop) (1932–2008) was a Senegalese Roman Catholic bishop

Pierre Sagna (footballer) (born 1990), a Senegalese footballer

Pierre Martin Sagna (born 1950), a Senegalese basketball player

Robert Sagna (born 1939), a Senegalese politician

Saeid Agin Sagna (born 1975) is a Nigerian football player

Sidy Sagna (born 1990), Senegalese footballer

Pierre Sagna (bishop)
Pierre Sagna (11 July 1932 − 24 May 2008) was a Senegalese Roman Catholic bishop.

Ordained to the priesthood in 1959, Sagna was named bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Saint-Louis du Sénégal, Senegal in 1974 and resigned in 2003.
Battery L, 1st Missouri Light Artillery Regiment
Battery L, 1st Missouri Light Artillery Regiment was an artillery battery unit from Missouri that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The original Battery L was formed 1 September 1861 but was disbanded in January 1862. The long-term service Battery L was created in October 1862 by reassigning Battery A, Schofield's Light Artillery. Battery L fought at the battles of Prairie Grove and Van Buren in December 1862. Thereafter, the battery performed guard duty at different locations in Missouri, with a foray into Arkansas. The unit was mustered out on 20 July 1865.

Frederick H. Dyer
Frederick Henry Dyer (July 2, 1849 – September 21, 1917) served as a drummer boy in the Union Army during the American Civil War. After the war, he wrote A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion – a complete record of every regiment formed under the Union Army, their histories, and the battles they fought in – taking forty years to compile.
Nellie Gubler
Nellie McArthur Gubler (born Nellie McArthur; May 8, 1908 – September 28, 2007) was a genealogist and notable citizen of Santa Clara, Utah.She worked to collect materials related to southern Utah history, which has aided in books written about the location. She was given multiple awards due to her contributions to history and research. She was an active member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), where she worked with the Primary children's organization. Gubler also published books on the history of Santa Clara, specifically about the LDS church's history there. In 1929, she married Emil Gubler and had 12 children.

Santa Clara, Utah
Santa Clara is a city in Washington County, in southwestern Utah, (Western United States) and is a part of the St. George Metropolitan Area. As of the 2020 census, Santa Clara had a population of 7,553. The region and county borders the states of Arizona to the south and Nevada to the west. The town is a western suburb of the nearby county seat and larger city of St. George, Utah
GTE Interactive Media
GTE Interactive Media was a video game development company located in Carlsbad, California. Its focus was on the development of videos, of interactive television platforms, and of interactive video game products for arcade machines, home console cartridges, and CD-ROMs, including development and publishing under the GTE Entertainment brand. It folded in 1997.

Carlsbad, California
Carlsbad is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California, United States. The city is 35 miles (56 km) north of downtown San Diego and 87 miles (140 km) south of downtown Los Angeles. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 114,746. Carlsbad is a popular tourist destination and home to many businesses in the golf industry.
2022 Geneva Open
The 2022 Geneva Open (sponsored by Gonet) was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 19th edition of the Geneva Open and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2022 ATP Tour. It took place at the Tennis Club de Genève in Geneva, Switzerland, from May 15 through May 21, 2022.

ATP 250 tournaments
The ATP 250 tournaments are the lowest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments on the main ATP Tour, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, and ATP 500 tournaments. The winners of each tournament are awarded 250 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2026, the series included 30 tournaments after the retirement of four tournaments (Atlanta, Córdoba, Lyon and Metz), the downgrade of two in 2025 (Estoril for a year, and Newport) and the upgrade of three tournaments to the 500 level (Dallas, Doha and Munich). Draws usually consist of 28 for singles, with Brisbane International (32) and Winston-Salem Open (48) being the only exceptions. Doubles draws consist of 16 teams.

Thomas Muster holds the record for most singles titles at 26, while Mike Bryan holds the record for most doubles titles won with 46.
Paddy Stokes (rugby union)
Patrick Stokes (3 April 1890 – 29 October 1970) was an Irish international rugby union player.

Born in Fethard, County Tipperary, Stokes was the son of an Irish record–holding pole vaulter and attended Rockwell College, before further studies at University College Dublin (UDC).

Stokes was a lightly built wing forward and shares with Tony Courtney the distinction of being the first UCD player to represent Leinster. He was capped 12 times for Ireland, making appearances both sides of World War I. After returning to Fethard, Stokes played his rugby for Garryowen and twice featured in Munster Senior Cup–winning sides.

A medical doctor, Stokes was appointed coroner for East Tipperary in 1927.

Garryowen Football Club
Garryowen Football Club (Irish: Cumann Rugbaí Gharraí Eoin), usually referred to as Garryowen, is a rugby union club from Limerick, Ireland. As at the 2024–25 season, it plays in Division 1A of the All-Ireland League. Historically, Garryowen has been one of the most successful clubs in Irish rugby union.
Claudia Ciardone
Claudia Ciardone (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈklawðja sjaɾˈðone]; born in 1980) is an Argentine model, theatre actress and vedette who started her career after being the first person to be eliminated in Big Brother season 4 in Argentina, she had a relationship with Ricardo "El comandante" Fort.  She was born in Loma Hermosa, Argentina.

Vedette (cabaret)
A vedette is the main female artist of a show derived from cabaret and its subcategories of revue, vaudeville, music hall or burlesque. The purpose of the vedette is to entertain and captivate the public. Vedettes are expected to sing, dance and act on stage. Particularly accomplished artistes are considered super vedettes or first vedettes. Vedettes often wear flashy and revealing costumes and may appear alongside groups of dancers, magicians, comedians, jugglers, or even performing animals. Vedettes specializing in burlesque generally do  striptease and may also perform nude on stage.

In the 20th century, vedette shows were successful in the cabarets, theaters and nightclubs of countries such as Spain, France, Argentina and Mexico. Paris and Las Vegas were considered the main cradle of the vedettes.
Ashukino
Ashukino (Russian: Ашукино) is an urban locality (urban-type settlement) in Pushkinsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia. Population:  9,942 (2010 Census); 6,362 (2002 Census); 4,585 (1989 Soviet census).

Pushkinsky District, Moscow Oblast
Pushkinsky District (Russian: Пу́шкинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northern central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 571.47 square kilometers (220.65 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Pushkino. Population: 177,510 (2010 Census);  163,439 (2002 Census); 123,630 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Pushkino accounts for 58.0% of the district's total population.
Aizstrautnieki
Aizstrautnieki is a village and the administrative center of Dobele Parish of Dobele Municipality.  As of 1 January 2021, Aizstrautnieki had an estimated population of 235 inhabitants. The village dates back to the years after World War II, with the first dwellings appearing before the war after the Latvian Land Reform of 1920 split up lands of the former Dobe Manor (Doben).

The village lies at approximately 56.6875° N latitude and 23.2125° E longitude with an elevation of 69 metres above sea level. It is located in the historical region of Semigallia the Zemgale Planning Region.

Semigallia
Semigallia is one of the Historical Latvian Lands located to the south of the Daugava and to the north of the Saule region of Samogitia. The territory is split between Latvia and Lithuania, previously inhabited by the Semigallian Baltic tribe. They are noted for their long resistance (1219–1290) against the German crusaders and Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades. Semigallians had close linguistic and cultural ties with Samogitians.
Hedeniya
Hedeniya is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province in Kandy district. Kurunegala Kandy main road is across Hedeniya village. It is situated  13 km (8.1 mi) from Kandy and 29 km (18 mi) from Kurunegala. In middle of the Hedeniya town is faces to the Hedeniya Pujapitiya sub way which linked to Ankumbura, Halgolla, Watagoda,  Galhinna, Dolapihilla,  Bokkawala,   Gallellagama, Doranegama villages and Ranawana to Kandy road. Pallekotuwa road started from Hedeniya town.

Idamegama central college is in near to the hedeniya around 2 km far away.

Central Province, Sri Lanka
The Central Province (Sinhala: මධ්‍යම පළාත Madhyama Paḷāta, Tamil: மத்திய மாகாணம் Maddiya Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka. The province has an area of 567,400 ha (1,402,000 acres) and a population of 2,421,148, making it the second most populated province. The city of Kandy has been its capital since 1469.

The Central Province is located primarily in the central mountainous terrain of Sri Lanka. It is bordered by the North Central Province to the north, the Uva Province to the east, the North Western Province to the west and the Sabaragamuwa Province to the south and west.

The province is famous for its production of Ceylon tea, the cultivation of which was initiated by the British in the 1860s after a devastating disease killed all coffee plantations in the province. The province attracts many tourists, with hill station towns such as Gampola, Hatton and Nuwara Eliya. The province is home to four UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Sidi Hmad Ou Hamed
Sidi Hmad Ou Hamed is a small town and rural commune in Essaouira Province of the Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 4301 people living in 854 households.

2004 Moroccan census
The 2004 Moroccan census, formally the General Population and Housing Census for the year 2004, was held in Morocco in 2004, conducted by the High Planning Commission. The previous census was taken in 1994.
Hagara
Hagara (Slovak feminine: Hagarová) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adam Hagara (born 2006), Slovak figure skater

Andreas Hagara (born 1964), Austrian yacht racer

Ladislav Hagara (born 1944), Slovak mycologist and author

Ľubomír Hagara (born 1985), Slovak sprint canoeist

Roman Hagara (born 1966), Austrian sailor

Vladimír Hagara (1943–2015), Slovak footballer

Willy Hagara (1927–2015), Austrian singer and actor

Zuzana Hagarová (born 1977), Slovak chess player

Roman Hagara
Roman Hagara (born 30 April 1966) is an Austrian sailor who has won the gold medal in the Tornado class at two consecutive Olympic Games.

Hagara, and his colleague Hans-Peter Steinacher won the gold medal in the Tornado class at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, and successfully defended their title at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, which, to date, makes them Austria's the most successful summer sport athletes as the first professional Austrian sailing team.

Hagara was the Flagbearer for the Austrian team at the 2004 Summer Olympics Opening Ceremony. Along with his teammate Steinacher, he has won the Austrian Sports Personality of the Year twice, in 2000 and 2004.
Source term
Source term can refer to:

A measure of radioactive contamination

One of the terms in a linear differential equation, especially a wave equation

The release parameters (e.g. magnitude, rate, duration, orientation, temperature) that are the initial conditions for determining the consequences of the loss event for a hazardous material and/or energy release to the surroundings. For vapor dispersion modeling, it is the estimation, based on the release specification, of the actual cloud conditions of temperature, aerosol content, density, size, velocity and mass to be input into the dispersion model.

Wave equation
The wave equation is a second-order linear partial differential equation for the description of waves or standing wave fields such as mechanical waves (e.g. water waves, sound waves and seismic waves) or electromagnetic waves (including light waves). It arises in fields like acoustics, electromagnetism, and fluid dynamics.

This article focuses on waves in classical physics. Quantum physics uses an operator-based wave equation often as a relativistic wave equation.
Georgi Vazov
Georgi Minchov Vazov (January 5, 1860 – August 13, 1934) was a Bulgarian-Russian militiaman. He was one of the main organizers of the 1886 Bulgarian coup d'état, aimed at the dethronement of Prince Alexander Battenberg. During the First Balkan War, he commanded the Eastern Sector during the Siege of Adrianople, where the offensive that led to the capture of the city took place.

Serbo-Bulgarian War
The Serbo-Bulgarian War or the Serbian–Bulgarian War (Bulgarian: Сръбско-българска война, Srăbsko-bălgarska voyna, Serbian: Српско-бугарски рат, Srpsko-bugarski rat),  a war between the Kingdom of Serbia and the Principality of Bulgaria, erupted on 14 November [O.S. 2 November] 1885 and lasted until 28 November [O.S. 16 November] 1885. Despite Bulgaria's status as a  vassal of the Ottoman Empire, the Ottomans did not intervene in the war. Serbia initiated the fighting but suffered a decisive defeat. Austria-Hungary demanded that Bulgaria stop its invasion, and a truce resulted.

The final peace was signed on 3 March [O.S. 19 February] 1886 in Bucharest. The existing boundaries did not change. As a result of the war, European powers acknowledged the act of Unification of Bulgaria which had happened on 18 September [O.S. 6 September] 1885.
Mushuau Innu First Nation
Mushuau Innu First Nation is a First Nations band government located in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The band has one reserve which has been located near the community of Natuashish since 2002 when it moved from Davis Inlet. The reserve has an area of roughly 44 square kilometres (11,000 acres).

The Mushuau Innu and the Naskapi were once the same people, speaking the same dialect and writing in syllabics, but split off and headed to Eastern Labrador, probably for sustainability reasons. Very few (if any) Mushuau Innu are able to write in syllabics any more. The majority are Catholic and use the Montagnais Bible which does not use syllabics.

The chief of this First Nation is John Nui. As of October 2019, the Nation has a registered population of 1072 people, of whom 991 live on-reserve. The population of Natuashish at the 2021 Census performed by Statistics Canada was 856, down from 938 in 2016.

GeoBase (geospatial data)
GeoBase is a federal, provincial and territorial government initiative that is overseen by the Canadian Council on Geomatics (CCOG). It is undertaken to ensure the provision of, and access to, a common, up-to-date and maintained base of quality geospatial data for Canada. Through the GeoBase, users with an interest in geomatics have access to quality geospatial information at no cost and with unrestricted use.
Epioblasma torulosa
Epioblasma torulosa, commonly called the tubercled blossom, is a species of freshwater mussel, a mollusk in the family Unionidae. It is native to eastern North America, where it is considered endangered in both Canada and the United States. The US Fish and Wildlife Service declared the Green and Tubercled blossom subspecies extinct and delisted it from the Endangered Species Act on October 16, 2023.

Unionidae
The Unionidae are a family of freshwater mussels, the largest in the order Unionida, the bivalve molluscs sometimes known as river mussels, or simply as unionids.

The range of distribution for this family is world-wide. It is at its most diverse in North America, with about 297 recognised taxa, but China and Southeast Asia also support very diverse faunas.

Freshwater mussels occupy a wide range of habitats, but most often occupy lotic waters, i.e. flowing water such as rivers, streams and creeks.