hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Isambard
Isambard is a given name. It is Norman, of Germanic origin, meaning either "iron-bright" or "iron-axe". The first element comes from isarn meaning iron (or steel).  The second element comes from either biart-r (bright, glorious) or from barđa (a broad axe). It was used by:

Marc Isambard Brunel (1769–1849), French-born engineer

Isambard Kingdom Brunel (1806–1859), British engineer, son of Marc Isambard Brunel

Sir Isambard Owen (1850–1927), British physician and university academic, son of an employee of Isambard Kingdom Brunel

Marc Isambard Brunel
Sir Marc Isambard Brunel (/bruːˈnɛl/, French: [maʁk izɑ̃baʁ bʁynɛl]; 25 April 1769 – 12 December 1849) was a French-British engineer who is most famous for the work he did in Britain. He constructed the Thames Tunnel, the world's first underwater tunnel, and was the father of Isambard Kingdom Brunel.

Born in France, Brunel fled to the United States during the French Revolution. In 1796, he was appointed Chief Engineer of New York City. He moved to London in 1799, where he married Sophia Kingdom. In addition to the construction of the Thames Tunnel, his work as a mechanical engineer included the design of machinery to automate the production of pulley blocks for the Royal Navy.

Brunel preferred the given name Isambard, but is generally known to history as Marc to avoid confusion with his more famous son. In 1841, Marc was knighted by the young Queen Victoria in anticipation of his successful completion of the Thames Tunnel.
Scharendijke
Scharendijke is a village in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It is a part of the municipality of Schouwen-Duiveland, and lies about 24 km west of Hellevoetsluis.

The village was first mentioned in 1487 as Schaerdendijke, and is a combination of dike and trench. Scharendijke is a dike village. It was originally a little hamlet. Between 1901 and 1902, a harbour was built and it developed into a little village around the harbour.

Scharendijke was home to 204 people in 1840. Part of the village was rebuilt after the North Sea flood of 1953. From the 1970s onwards, holiday homes were built around the village.

Scharendijke used to be part of the municipality of Elkerzee. In 1960, the municipality of Middenschouwen  was created and Scharendijk became its capital. In 1997, it was merged into Schouwen-Duiveland.

Middenschouwen
Middenschouwen is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It covered the central part of the island of Schouwen-Duiveland.

Middenschouwen was created in a merger of Duivendijke, Elkerzee, Ellemeet and Kerkwerve in 1961. It existed until 1997, when it was merged into the new municipality of Schouwen-Duiveland.
Zoelae
The Zoelae were an ancient Celtic tribe of Gallaecia, living in the north of modern Portugal, in the province of Trás-os-Montes, between the mountains of Serra da Nogueira and the mountains of Mogadouro.

Gallaecia
Gallaecia, originally known as Callaecia, was the name of a Roman province in the northwest of Hispania, approximately present-day Galicia, northern Portugal, Asturias and León, and the later Suevic and medieval kingdom of Gallaecia. The Roman cities included Auria (Ourense), the port of Cale (Porto), and the governing centers Lucus Augusti (Lugo), Bracara Augusta (Braga), and Asturica Augusta (Astorga), together with their administrative areas: Conventus Lucensis, Conventus Bracarensis, and Conventus Asturicensis, respectively.
Undibacterium oligocarboniphilum
Undibacterium oligocarboniphilum is a Gram-negative, oxidase positive,  catalase positive, flagellated, rod-shaped bacterium of the genus Undibacterium which was isolated from purified water. Its 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis has shown that it belongs to the family Oxalobacteraceae.

Catalase
Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen (such as bacteria, plants, and animals) which catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Catalase has one of the highest turnover numbers of all enzymes; one catalase molecule can convert millions of hydrogen peroxide molecules to water and oxygen each second.

Catalase is a tetramer of four polypeptide chains, each over 500 amino acids long. It contains four iron-containing heme groups that allow the enzyme to react with hydrogen peroxide. The optimum pH for human catalase is approximately 7, and has a fairly broad maximum: the rate of reaction does not change appreciably between pH 6.8 and 7.5. The pH optimum for other catalases varies between 4 and 11 depending on the species. The optimum temperature also varies by species.
Starboy: Legend of the Fall Tour
The Starboy: Legend of the Fall Tour was the fifth concert tour by Canadian singer the Weeknd, in support of his third studio album Starboy (2016). The tour started on February 17, 2017, at the Ericsson Globe in Stockholm and concluded on December 14, 2017, at RAC Arena in Perth.

Perth Arena
Perth Arena (known commercially as RAC Arena) is an entertainment and sporting arena in the city centre of Perth, Western Australia, used mostly for basketball matches. It is located on Wellington Street near the site of the former Perth Entertainment Centre, and was officially opened on 10 November 2012. Perth Arena was the first stage of the Perth City Link, a 13.5-hectare (33-acre) major urban renewal and redevelopment project which involved the sinking of the Eastern Railway to link the Perth central business district directly with Northbridge.

Anchor tenants of Perth Arena include the Perth Wildcats, West Coast Fever, and until 2019, the Hopman Cup.
The Blue Notebooks
The Blue Notebooks is the second album by neo-classical producer and composer Max Richter. The album was conceived in 2003 and released on 26 February 2004 on 130701, an imprint of FatCat Records. It is a protest album about the 2003 invasion of Iraq and violence in general.

Following the success of his 2012 album Vivaldi Recomposed on the Deutsche Grammophon label, Richter signed many of his previous recordings to DG, including The Blue Notebooks, which was reissued on 29 April 2014.

On 11 May 2018, DG released a two-disc fifteenth-anniversary edition of The Blue Notebooks which includes re-recordings, alternate arrangements, and remixes by Jlin and Konx-Om-Pax.

Imprint (trade name)
An imprint of a publisher is a trade name under which it publishes a work. A single publishing company may have multiple imprints, often using the different names as brands to market works to various demographic consumer segments.
Sinosaurosphargis
Sinosaurosphargis is an extinct genus of basal marine saurosphargid reptile known from the Middle Triassic Guanling Formation of Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces, southwestern China. It contains a single species, Sinosaurosphargis yunguiensis.

Rib
In vertebrate anatomy, ribs (Latin: costae) are the long curved bones which form the rib cage, part of the axial skeleton. In most tetrapods, ribs surround the thoracic cavity, enabling the lungs to expand and thus facilitate breathing by expanding the thoracic cavity. They serve to protect the lungs, heart, and other vital organs of the thorax. In some animals, especially snakes, ribs may provide support and protection for the entire body.
1986–87 Southern Football League
The 1986–87 Southern Football League season was the 84th in the history of the league, an English football competition.

Fisher Athletic won the Premier Division and earned promotion to the Football Conference, whilst Basingstoke Town, Leamington and Woodford Town left the league at the end of the season. The Southern League Cup was lifted by Waterlooville, who won both legs of the final against Hednesford Town.

Hednesford Town F.C.
Hednesford Town Football Club is a football club based in Hednesford, Staffordshire, England. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Premier Division and play at Keys Park. They won the FA Trophy in 2004.
Eremophila shonae
Eremophila shonae is a flowering plant in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is an erect shrub or a low spreading shrub, depending on subspecies and has very sticky branches and leaves due to the presence of large amounts of resin. The leaves are narrow and the flowers are mauve to purple and white inside with purple spots.

Scrophulariaceae
The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family.  The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs.  Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial  (actinomorphic) symmetry.  The Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains.  The family name is based on the name of the included genus Scrophularia L.
Dhaniakhali railway station
Dhaniakhali railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway halt station on the Howrah–Bardhaman chord line operated by Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. It is situated beside Chinsurah-Dhaniakhali Road, Rudrani at Dhaniakhali in Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It was previously operated by Haradhan Bandyopadhyay who developed the halt station to Aadharsha station.

Dhaniakhali
Dhaniakhali (Bengali : ধনিয়াখালি) is a village in Dhaniakhali CD Block in Chinsurah subdivision of Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The place has lent its name to the popular Dhaniakhali Sari.
Ged Byrne
Ged Byrne (born 14 June 1962) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He played at club level for Salford, Wigan, Wakefield Trinity, Oldham and Workington Town, as a wing, centre, or stand-off.

Workington Town
Workington Town  is a semi-professional rugby league club based in Workington, West Cumbria, England. The club plays home games at Derwent Park and competes in the RFL Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Workington have won the League Championship once in 1951 and Challenge Cup in 1952.

The club's traditional home colours are white shirt with a blue band. Their main rivals are Whitehaven, while they also have a Cumbrian rivalry with Barrow Raiders.
Amphibolips nubilipennis
Amphibolips nubilipennis, known generally as the translucent oak gall wasp, is a species of gall wasp in the family Cynipidae. Its range includes Ontario, Quebec, and much of the eastern United States. Hosts include Quercus buckleyi, Quercus coccinea, Quercus falcata, Quercus ilicifolia, Quercus imbricaria, Quercus marilandica, Quercus rubra, and Quercus velutina.

The translucent oak gall is induced by the sexual generation of Amphibolips nubilipennis. This gall is succulent and accumulates high concentration of malic acid causing a low pH of gall tissues. The extreme acidity of the translucent oak gall tissues has been proposed to represent a defensive strategy against parasitoid wasps.

Quercus buckleyi
Quercus buckleyi, commonly known as Texas red oak, Buckley's oak, or Spanish oak is a species of flowering plant. It is endemic to the southern Great Plains of the United States (Oklahoma and Texas).

Buckley's oak is smaller and more likely to be multitrunked than its close relative, the Shumard oak (Q. shumardii). The two species are interfertile, and hybrids are common along a line from Dallas to San Antonio, Texas. Texas red oak usually is 30 to 50 feet (9.1 to 15.2 meters) tall at maturity, and seldom reaches a height of more than 75 feet (23 meters).

Quercus buckleyi was formerly known as Q. texana, but under botanical rules of priority, that name properly refers to Nuttall's oak. This has led to much confusion.

It is a highly regarded ornamental and shade tree. In autumn, the leaves turn vivid red and orange.
Arthur Guinness II
Arthur Guinness (12 March 1768 – 9 June 1855) was an Anglo-Irish brewer, banker, politician and flour miller active in Dublin, Ireland. To avoid confusion with his father, also Arthur Guinness (1725–1803), he is often known as "the second Arthur Guinness" or as Arthur Guinness II or Arthur II Guinness.

Catholic emancipation
Catholic emancipation or Catholic relief was a process in the United Kingdom in the late 18th century and early 19th century, that involved reducing and removing many of the restrictions on Roman Catholics introduced by the Act of Uniformity, the Test Acts and the penal laws. Requirements to abjure (renounce) the temporal and spiritual authority of the pope and transubstantiation placed major burdens on Roman Catholics.
Takeru Kobayashi
Takeru "Tsunami" Kobayashi (小林 尊, Kobayashi Takeru; born March 15, 1978) is a Japanese former competitive eater. Described as "the godfather of competitive eating", he is a six-time Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest champion and widely credited with popularizing the sport.

Hamburger
A hamburger, often known as a burger, consists of fillings—usually a patty of ground meat, typically beef—placed inside a sliced bun, sesame seed bun, or bread roll. These patties are often served with lettuce, tomato, onion, pickles, bacon, or chilis. The filling of the burger can be topped with condiments such as ketchup, mustard, mayonnaise, relish or a "special sauce", often a variation of Thousand Island dressing. A burger with the patty topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger. Under some definitions, a hamburger is considered a sandwich.

Hamburgers are typically associated with fast-food restaurants and diners but are also sold at other restaurants, including high-end establishments. There are many international and regional variations of hamburgers. Some of the largest multinational fast-food chains feature burgers as one of their core products: McDonald's Big Mac and Burger King's Whopper have become global icons of American culture.
Papuan
Papuan is an adjective referring to:

anything related to New Guinea, a large island north of Australia

anything related to one or another of the countries or territories on this island that are specifically known as Papua

Indonesian Papuans, a classification of a group of people from Western New Guinea who are Indonesian citizens

Papuan languages, a geographic group comprising a large number of the languages of New Guinea

Papuans, the indigenous peoples of New Guinea

Indonesian Papuans
According to the official Indonesian law, Papuans more specifically indigenous Papuans or native Papuans, are the common native-derived internationalized endonym in Indonesian English for the native Indonesians of Papua-origin (as opposed to "New Guineans" term coined by the British colonizers). They are closely related to the Oceanians (and to some extent, the Australian Aboriginals), who natively inhabited the Eastern Indonesian provinces of Central Papua, Highland Papua, Southwest Papua, West Papua, South Papua, and Papua in Indonesia (which historically part of the larger Sahul palaeocontinent). They natively speak their own native language belonging to either Austronesian or Papuan language families, each with its distinctive and unique linguistic features that may only be found on the island.

The Papuans are one of the indigenous people of Indonesia that are protected under the national law by the government of Indonesia, to ensure their stability in economic and development.
Ko soto gari
Ko soto gari (小外刈) "small outer reap", is one of the original 40 throws of Judo as developed by Jigoro Kano. It belongs to the second group, Dai Nikyo, of the traditional throwing list, Gokyo (no waza), of Kodokan Judo. It is also part of the current 67 Throws of Kodokan Judo. It is classified as a foot technique, Ashi-waza. Danzan-ryū's Soto Gama is a variant of Kosoto Gari.

Danzan-ryū
Danzan-ryū (檀山流) is a ryū of jujutsu founded by Seishiro Okazaki (1890–1951) in Hawaii. Danzan-ryū jujutsu is of mainly Japanese origin but is most common on the West Coast of the United States. The Danzan-ryū syllabus is syncretic and includes non-Japanese elements.
Janoir
The Janoir was a French motorcycle manufactured from 1919 until 1922 in Saint-Ouen.  The few that were made were 965 cc flat twins.

Born in Lugny (Saone-et-Loire) in 1883, Louis Janoir gets his plane pilot's licence in 1911. This engineer joins another student from the same school, Louis Bechereau - designer of Deperdussin airplanes - and took part in numerous air raids and competitions. In 1916, he started the company Janoir Aviation based in Saint-Ouen. During the First World War, the Janoir factory devoted itself to repair then later to building SPAD fighter planes, but like many aircraft companies the end of the war meant an immediate rethink about redeploying their engineering skills. Cars, cyclecars and motorcycles were ideal areas, and Janoir Aviation joined others such as Sopwith Aviation Company, Martinsyde, and Louis Blériot in attempting to break into this growing market.

Société pour l'aviation et ses dérivés
SPAD (Société Pour L'Aviation et ses Dérivés) was a French aircraft manufacturer active between 1911 and 1921. Its SPAD S.XIII biplane was the most produced French fighter airplane of the First World War.
Ric Brown
Richard Daryl "Ric" Brown (born June 1, 1946) is an American economist who served from 2008-2018 as the Virginia Secretary of Finance. He joined the Virginia Department of Planning and Budget in 1971 and was appointed as its director by Governor Jim Gilmore in 2001. He was reappointed in 2002 and 2006 and, in 2008, was made Secretary of Finance following Jody Wagner's departure to run for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia.

Born in Arlington, Virginia, Brown graduated in 1968 from the College of William & Mary, earning a B.A. in economics and received a Master of Commerce degree from the University of Richmond.

University of Richmond
The University of Richmond (UR or U of R) is a private liberal arts college in Richmond, Virginia, United States. It is a primarily undergraduate, residential institution with approximately 3,900 undergraduate and graduate students in five schools: the School of Arts and Sciences; the E. Claiborne Robins School of Business; the Jepson School of Leadership Studies; the University of Richmond School of Law; and the School of Professional & Continuing Studies. It is classified among "Baccalaureate Colleges: Arts & Sciences Focus".

The university's athletics teams are known as the "Richmond Spiders," after the university's distinctive mascot. A participant in the U.S. Navy's V-12 Navy College Training Program during World War II, Richmond commissions U.S. Army officers through its ROTC program, which is partnered with Hampden-Sydney College and Longwood University in Farmville, Virginia.
Kvasica
Kvasica (pronounced [kʋaˈsiːtsa]; German: Quasitza) is a settlement on the main road from Črnomelj to Dragatuš in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

White Carniola
White Carniola (Slovene: Bela krajina; Croatian: Bela krajina; German: Weißkrain or Weiße Mark) is a traditional region in southeastern Slovenia on the border with Croatia. Due to its smallness, it is often considered a subunit of the broader Lower Carniola region, although with distinctive cultural, linguistic, and historical features.

Due to its proximity with Croatia, White Carniola shares many cultural and linguistic features with the neighboring Kajkavian Croatian areas. It is generally considered the Slovenian region with the closest cultural affinity with other South Slavic territories. It was part of Slavonia until the 12th century, after which it shared the historical fate with the Windic March and Lower Carniola to the north. During the 19th century, it was one of the regions with the highest emigration rate in the Slovene Lands, and the Austrian Empire in general. During World War II, it was an important center of anti-Fascist resistance in Slovenia.
BlazeVOX Books
BlazeVOX Books, often stylized as BlazeVOX [books], is an independent publisher founded by Geoffrey Gatza and based in Buffalo, New York. Since 2000, it has published more than 350 books of poetry and prose, most of which fall within the sphere of avant-garde literature.

BlazeVOX Books also publishes BlazeVOX, a biannual journal of poetry and prose founded in 1999. Authors published in BlazeVOX include Louis Armand, William James Austin, George Bowering, Mitch Corber, Robert Creeley, Lily Hoang, Lisa Jarnot, Hank Lazer, David Meltzer, Eileen Myles, Ricardo Nazario y Colón, Simon Perchik, Linda Ravenswood, Steve Roggenbuck, Keith Waldrop, Rosmarie Waldrop, Lewis Warsh, and Steven Zultanski.

William James Austin
William James Austin (December 4, 1949 – August 15, 2019) was a New York City poet, writer, musician, visual artist, and academic. Austin received his PhD on fellowship from Tulane University in New Orleans, and was an  associate professor of English and philosophy, and artistic director of the Visiting Writers Program at SUNY, Farmingdale. He is the author of five collections of poetry, essays, and "photopo", plus a book length study of T.S. Eliot and Jacques Derrida. His visual art has been exhibited in the United States, Germany, and Mexico.
Advance–decline line
The advance–decline line is a stock market technical indicator used by investors to measure the number of individual stocks participating in a market rise or fall. As price changes of large stocks can have a disproportionate effect on capitalization weighted stock market indices such as the S&P 500, the NYSE Composite Index, and the NASDAQ Composite index, it can be useful to know how broadly this movement extends into the larger universe of smaller stocks. Since market indexes represent a group of stocks, they do not present the whole picture of the trading day and the performance of the market during this day. Though the market indices give an idea about what has happened during the trading day, advance/decline numbers give an idea about the individual performance of particular stocks.

Trading day
In business, the trading day or regular trading hours (RTH) is the time span that a stock exchange is open, as opposed to electronic or extended trading hours (ETH). For example, the New York Stock Exchange is, as of the year 2020, open from 9:30 AM Eastern Time to 4:00 PM Eastern Time. Trading days are usually Monday through Friday. When a trading day ends, all trading ends and is frozen in time until the next trading day begins. There are several special circumstances which would lead to a shortened trading day, or no trading day at all, such as on holidays or on days when a state funeral of a head of state is scheduled to take place.
Cooper's Sawmill
Cooper's Sawmill is a California Historical Landmark located almost two miles north of Forestville, California, and is located in the jurisdiction of Santa Rosa, in the United States. It was the site of the first power-operated sawmill used for commercial purposes in California.

Santa Rosa, California
Santa Rosa (Spanish for "Saint Rose") is a city in and the county seat of Sonoma County, in the North Bay region of the Bay Area in California. Its population as of the 2020 census was 178,127. It is the largest city in California's Wine Country and Redwood Coast. It is the fifth most populous city in the Bay Area after San Jose, San Francisco, Oakland, and Fremont; and the 27th-most populous city in California.
Are You a Mason? (1915 film)
Are You a Mason? is a 1915 American silent comedy film produced by Adolph Zukor (Famous Players Film Company) and Charles Frohman, and distributed through Paramount Pictures. Directed by Thomas N. Heffron, it starred John Barrymore as a young husband who pretends to join the Masons as an excuse to get out of the house. It was based on a 1901 play by Leo Ditrichstein.

This film is presumed lost.

Adolph Zukor
Adolph Zukor (/ˈzuːkər/; Hungarian: Czukor Adolf; January 7, 1873 – June 10, 1976) was a Hungarian-American film producer best known as one of the three founders of Paramount Pictures. He produced one of America's first feature-length films, The Prisoner of Zenda, in 1913.