hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences
The UC Irvine Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences (ICS) is the information school of the University of California, Irvine (UCI). Consisting of nearly three thousand students, faculty, and staff, the school has three buildings in the southeast section of UCI's undergraduate campus, and maintains student body and research affiliations throughout UCI.

The school of ICS consists of three departments: Computer Science, Informatics, and Statistics. The combined groupings focus the school around the fields of computing and information processing. The departments confer eight undergraduate, eleven masters, and seven doctoral degrees in total, with some degree programs cooperating with affiliated schools.

Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits from, or creates computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing encompasses scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering.

The term computing is also synonymous with counting and calculating. In earlier times, it was used in reference to the action performed by mechanical computing machines, and before that, to human computers.
Asian Wave
Asian Wave is a 2012 Chinese reality singing talent show featuring contestants from many different Asian countries. The show premiered on 11 July 2012 on Dragon Television.

On 20 September 2012, Malaysian singer-songwriter Shila Amzah won the competition by unanimous vote, after performing 3 songs (in the final rounds) in 3 languages (Malay, English and Mandarin).

Talent show
A talent show or talent contest is an event in which participants perform the arts of singing, dancing, lip-syncing, acting, martial arts, playing an instrument, poetry, comedy or other activities to showcase skills. Many talent shows are performances rather than contests, but some are actual contests. In the instance of a contest, participants may be motivated to perform for a reward, trophy, or prize of some kind. For example, a high school might not have many students with any interest in performing in front of the student body for the sole purpose of performing alone and may offer different prizes as an incentive for these students to participate in the contest.
Ott Kadarik
Ott Kadarik (born May 9, 1976 in Tallinn) is a notable Estonian architect.

He graduated from the Department of Architecture of the Estonian Academy of Arts in 2000.

Ott Kadarik works in the architectural office KOSMOS OÜ.

Notable works by Ott Kadarik are the central square of Rakvere, the apartment buildings in Laagri, the four apartment buildings in the Rotermanni Quarter and the apartment building in the old town of Tallinn. Ott Kadarik is a member of the Union of Estonian Architects.

Rotermanni Quarter
Rotermanni Quarter is an area in the downtown of Tallinn, Estonia. It is located between Tallinn Old Town, the Port of Tallinn and Viru Square.

This area has played an important role in Tallinn's history; in the 19th century it was the crossing of roads from Tartu, Narva and Pärnu. There were also other big industrial companies in the area.

The developer of the quarter is Rotermann City OÜ (founded by Urmas Sõõrumaa).

Apartment block in Rotermanni

Interior design in Rotermanni

Rotermanni Square and Street

Flour storage buildings in Rotermanni

Design details on the main square

Interior streets of apartment buildings

Streets have been renamed to Rotermanni Street, Roseni Street and Stalker gangway, in the centre of the area is a public square called the Rotermanni Square.

The area of the buildings is over 50,000 square meters, including over 370 apartments and about 600 underground parking spaces.
Barlow Trail
Barlow Trail is a major arterial road in Calgary, Alberta, that is composed of three parts: the southern section which runs from Deerfoot Trail near 130 Avenue SE to Deerfoot Trail at the intersection with Peigan Trail.  The afore mentioned section is the central section which runs from 17 Avenue SE to McCall Way; and the northern section which runs from Airport Road (the main entrance into the Calgary International Airport) to 128 Avenue NE.

The central and northern sections of Barlow Trail is run roughly where the fifth meridian lies in the Dominion Land Survey. The road is named for Noel Barlow, a  resident of Carseland, Alberta, Canada, who served as the ground crewman to Douglas Bader, a Royal Air Force flying ace in World War II.

Carseland
Carseland is a hamlet in Alberta, Canada within Wheatland County. It is located on Highway 24, approximately 23 km (14 mi) south of Cheadle and 26 km (16 mi) south of Strathmore.

It is within Census Division No. 5.
ISAT
ISAT can stand for:

International Subarachnoid Aneurysm Trial

Illinois Standards Achievement Test

Idaho Standards Achievement Test

In Situ Adaptive Tabulation

International Student Admissions Test

International Schools Association of Thailand

Internet Security Awareness Training

Innovative Space-based Radar Antenna Technology

Institut supérieur de l'automobile et des transports

Iodine Satellite

In Stars and Time

Isat Buchanan, Jamaican politician

International Schools Association of Thailand
International Schools Association of Thailand (ISAT) is an association of private international schools in Thailand, headquartered in Pak Kret, Nonthaburi Province in Greater Bangkok. Its principal 'raison d'etre' is to act as a link between its 45-member international schools, on the one hand, and the Ministry of Education and the Office of the Private Education Commission in particular.
AFDA, The School for the Creative Economy
AFDA is a South African private tertiary education institution that offers higher certificates, undergraduate degrees, and postgraduate degrees in film, television, performance, business innovation, technology, radio and podcasting, and creative writing.

It has four campuses located in Auckland Park, Johannesburg; Observatory, Cape Town; Durban North, Durban;  and Gqeberha Campus, Central, Port Elizabeth.  In 2026 a new campus is set to open in Hatfield, Pretoria.

Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits from, or creates computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing encompasses scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering.

The term computing is also synonymous with counting and calculating. In earlier times, it was used in reference to the action performed by mechanical computing machines, and before that, to human computers.
Pantang, Nurses Training College
The Pantang Nurses' Training College is a public tertiary health institution located at Pantang in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana.  The college is in the Accra Metropolitan Assembly.  The activities of the institution is supervised by the Ministry of Education. The University of Cape Coast awards a Diploma in Nursing after students from the institution have successfully completed a three-year nursing training programme. The institution is accredited by the National Accreditation Board. The Nurses and Midwifery Council (NMC) regulates the activities, curriculum and examination of the student nurses and midwives. The council's mandate is enshrined under section 4(1) of N.R.C.D 117. 
The college specializes in the training of psychiatric nurses.

Greater Accra Region
The Greater Accra Region has the smallest area of Ghana's 16 administrative regions, occupying a total land surface of 3,245 square kilometres. This is 1.4 per cent of the total land area of Ghana. It is the most populated region, with a population of 5,455,692 in 2021, accounting for 17.7 per cent of Ghana's total population.

The Greater Accra region is the most urbanized region in the country, with 87.4% of its total population living in urban centres. The capital city of Greater Accra Region is Accra which is at the same time the capital city of Ghana.
Elkhorn Grove, Illinois
Elkhorn Grove is an unincorporated community in Carroll County, Illinois, United States. Elkhorn Grove is located on Elkhorn Creek north-northeast of Milledgeville.

Notable people from Elkhorn Grove include early Colorado state senator and mine owner Henry Neikirk, who was born there and attended the nearby Mount Carroll Seminary (later known as Shimer College) before heading west to make his fortune.

Mount Carroll Seminary
The Mount Carroll Seminary was the name of Shimer College from 1853 to 1896.  The Seminary was located in Mount Carroll, Illinois, in the United States.  A pioneering institution in its time and place, the Mount Carroll Seminary served as a center of culture and education in 19th-century northwestern Illinois.  Despite frequent prognostications of failure, it grew from 11 students in a single room to more than 100 students on a spacious campus with four principal buildings.  Unusually for the time, the school was governed entirely by women, most notably the founder Frances Wood Shimer, who was the chief administrator throughout the Seminary's entire existence.
Outline of Ayyavazhi
The following outline is provided as an overview and topic guide to Ayyavazhi:

Ayyavazhi (Tamil: அய்யாவழி, Malayalam: അയ്യാവഴി Ayyāvaḻi [əjːaːvəɻi] ⓘ, lit. 'Path of the Master') is a Hindu denomination that originated in South India during the 19th century.

Ayyavazhi is centered on the life and preachings of Ayya Vaikundar; its ideas and philosophy are based on the holy texts Akilathirattu Ammanai and Arul Nool. Accordingly, Ayya Vaikundar was the Purna avatar of Narayana. Ayyavazhi shares many ideas with Hinduism in its beliefs and practice, but differs considerably in its concepts of good and evil and dharma. Ayyavazhi is classified as a dharmic belief because of its central focus on dharma.

Good and evil
In philosophy, religion, and psychology, "good and evil" is a common dichotomy. In religions with Manichaean and Abrahamic influence, evil is perceived as the dualistic antagonistic opposite of good, in which good should prevail and evil should be defeated.

Evil is often used to denote profound immorality. Evil has also been described as a supernatural force. Definitions of evil vary, as does the analysis of its motives. However, elements that are commonly associated with evil involve unbalanced behavior involving expediency, selfishness, ignorance, or negligence.

The principal study of good and evil (or morality) is ethics, of which there are three major branches: normative ethics concerning how we ought to behave, applied ethics concerning particular moral issues, and metaethics concerning the nature of morality itself.
Colin Bailey (police officer)
Colin Frederick Bailey, QPM (born 17 October 1943) is a British retired senior police officer. Between 1995 and 2000, he served as the Chief Constable of Nottinghamshire Constabulary. Bailey was educated at Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School, Horncastle and the University of Sheffield. He was with the Lincolnshire Constabulary from 1960 to 1986. He was Assistant Chief Constable  of West Yorkshire Police from 1986 to 1990; and Deputy Chief Constable of Nottinghamshire Constabulary from 1990 to 1995.

Lincolnshire Police
Lincolnshire Police is the territorial police force covering the non-metropolitan county of Lincolnshire in the East Midlands of England. Despite the name, the force's area does not include North East Lincolnshire and North Lincolnshire, which are covered by Humberside Police instead.

In terms of geographic area the force is one of the largest in England and Wales covering 2,284 square miles (5,920 km2). The population of the area covered by the force is 736,700.  As of 2010 the force currently employs over 2,500 people.  As at May 2016, there were 1,100 police officers, 200 Special Constables and 149 PCSOs.
World Psychedelic Classics, Vol. 3: Love's a Real Thing
World Psychedelic Classics, Vol. 3: Love's a Real Thing is a compilation of West African music from the seventies. The album was released on compact disc by Luaka Bop Records while the vinyl record was released later by Stones Throw with a slightly different track listing which omitted two songs.

The album appeared at number 49 on the Pazz & Jop list of 2005.

Pazz & Jop
Pazz & Jop was an annual poll of top musical releases, compiled by American newspaper The Village Voice and created by music critic Robert Christgau. It published lists of the year's top releases for 1971 and, after Christgau's two-year absence from the Voice, each year from 1974 onward. The polls were tabulated from the submitted year-end top 10 lists of hundreds of music critics. It was named in acknowledgement of the defunct magazine Jazz & Pop, and adopted the ratings system used in that publication's annual critics poll.
Harkmark
Harkmark is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located at the northeastern end of the Harkmarkfjorden, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of the town of Mandal. The village is the site of the Harkmark Church which is where the Harkmark parish is based, and the namesake of the old municipality of Halse og Harkmark which existed from 1838 until 1964.

Mandal, Norway
Mandal is a town in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. Mandal is the fourth largest town in Agder as well as the administrative centre of Lindesnes municipality. It is located at the mouth of the river Mandalselva at the southern end of the Mandalen valley. The 6.63-square-kilometre (1,640-acre) town has a population (2019) of 11,053 and a population density of 1,667 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,320/sq mi). In Norway, Mandal is considered a by which can be translated as either a "town" or "city" in English.

The town lies along the European route E39 highway, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of the town of Kristiansand and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of the town of Flekkefjord. Mandal has a few suburban villages lying just outside its borders such as Ime immediately to the east and Sånum to the southwest. The village of Krossen lies about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the north, along the Mandalselva river.
Bacterial patterns
The formation of patterns in the growth of bacterial colonies has extensively been studied experimentally. Resulting morphologies appear to depend on the growth conditions. They include well known morphologies such as dense branched morphology (DBM) or diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA), but much complex patterns and temporal behaviour can be found.

A large number of studies on pattern formation in bacterial colonies have been performed in Bacillus subtilis and in Proteus mirabilis. Mathematical modeling of colony growth can reproduce the observed morphologies and the effect of environmental changes. Employed models include:

Reaction–diffusion system

Cellular automata

Proteus mirabilis
Proteus mirabilis is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, nitrate-reducing, indole-negative bacterium. It shows swarming motility and urease activity. P. mirabilis causes 90% of all Proteus infections in humans. It is widely distributed in soil and water. Proteus mirabilis can migrate across the surface of solid media or devices using a type of cooperative group motility called swarming. Proteus mirabilis is most frequently associated with infections of the urinary tract, especially in complicated or catheter-associated urinary tract infections.
First Ebenezer Baptist Church
First Ebenezer Baptist Church is a historic Baptist church at 420 Graymont Avenue North in Smithfield in Birmingham, Alabama.  It was built in 1942 and the congregation was active in the 1960s Civil Rights Movement. The church was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. This church serves Jefferson County.

Jefferson County, Alabama
Jefferson County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Alabama, located in the central portion of the state. As of the 2020 census, its population was 674,721. Its county seat is Birmingham. Its rapid growth as an industrial city in the 20th century, based on heavy manufacturing in steel and iron, established its dominance. Jefferson County is the central county of the Birmingham-Hoover, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Eric Buckley
Eric Rede Buckley (31 August 1868 – 6 March 1948) was  Archdeacon of Sudbury from 1930 until 1932.

Buckley was educated at  Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood and  St John's College, Oxford; and  ordained in 1892. His first post  was a  curacy at  Bodmin. After this he was Vicar of Kirtlington (1895–1902) then Burley in Wharfedale (1902–21). He was Chaplain to the Bishop of Bradford until his Archdeacon’s appointment.

Kirtlington
Kirtlington is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire about 6+1⁄2 miles (10.5 km) west of Bicester. The parish includes the hamlet of Northbrook. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 988.

The parish measures nearly 3 miles (5 km) north–south and about 2+1⁄2 miles (4 km) east–west. It is bounded by the River Cherwell to the west, and elsewhere mostly by field boundaries. In 1959 its area was 3,582 acres (1,450 ha).
Pinda (riceball)
Pinda (Sanskrit: पिण्ड, piṇḍa) are balls of cooked rice mixed with ghee and black sesame seeds offered to ancestors during Hindu funeral rites (antyesti) and ancestor worship (Śrāddha). According to the Garuda Purana, offering a pinda to a recently departed individual helps unite their soul with their ancestors. The ritual act of donating pindas is called the pinda dana.

Antyesti
Antyesti (IAST: Antyeṣṭi, Sanskrit: अन्त्येष्टि), also known as Antima Samskara, Antya-kriya, Anvarohanyya, or as Vahni Samskara, literally means "last sacrifice" or "final auspicious ceremony", and refers to the funeral rites for the dead in Hinduism, which usually involves cremation of the body. This rite of passage is the last samskara in a series of traditional life cycle samskaras that start from conception in Hindu tradition.

The details of the Antyesti ceremony depend on the region, social group, gender and age of the dead.
Yoon Tae-young
Yoon Tae-young (Korean: 윤태영; born October 3, 1974) is a South Korean actor. He is best known for starring in television dramas, notably fantasy epic The Legend (2007) and sports drama/romance Strike Love (2009).

Baeksang Arts Awards
The Baeksang Arts Awards (Korean: 백상예술대상), also known as the Paeksang Arts Awards, are awards for excellence in film, television and theatre in South Korea. The awards were introduced in 1965 by Chang Key-young, the founder of the newspaper Hankook Ilbo, whose art name was "Baeksang". It was established for the development of Korean popular culture and art and for enhancing the morale of artists. They are regarded as one of the most prestigious entertainment awards in South Korea.

Baeksang Arts Awards are annually presented at a ceremony organised by JoongAng Group in the second quarter of each year. Until 2021, it was organised by Ilgan Sports before its acquisition by eDaily, a subsidiary of KG Group. It is the only comprehensive awards ceremony in the country, recognising excellence in film, television and theatre.
Summit Lake (Josephine Creek)
Summit Lake is a lake in the Magpie River system in Unorganized North Part of Algoma District, Ontario, Canada in the Lake Superior drainage basin. It is about 0.6 kilometres (0.4 mi) long and 0.2 kilometres (0.1 mi) wide, lies at an elevation of 376 metres (1,234 ft). There are no significant inflows, and the primary outflow is an unnamed creek to Bog Lake, which eventually flows via Josephine Creek and the Magpie River into Lake Superior. The lake is about 5 kilometres (3 mi) northwest of the community of Hawk Junction and 16 kilometres (10 mi) northeast of Wawa. The Algoma Central Railway branch line to Michipicoten makes a loop, between Hawk Junction and Magpie, south of the lake.

Algoma Central Railway
The Algoma Central Railway (reporting mark AC) is a railway in Northern Ontario, Canada, that operates between Sault Ste. Marie and Hearst. It used to have a branch line to Wawa. The area served by the railway is sparsely populated, with few roads.

The railway is well known for its Agawa Canyon tour train. Until 2015, the line also provided passenger train service to canoeists, snowmobilers, cottagers and tourists accessing this wilderness recreation region. The railway connects at its northernmost point with the Ontario Northland Railway and with CN's eastern division to the south. It also intersects with the Canadian Pacific Kansas City at Franz and with the Huron Central Railway at its southernmost point in the Sault.

Since 2022, the segment between Oba and Sault Ste. Marie is owned by Watco and known as the Agawa Canyon Railroad.
J. I. Segal
J. I. Segal (Yiddish: י.י. סיגאַל, Yud Yud Segal) (1896 – March 7, 1954), born Yaakov Yitzchak Skolar, was a Canadian Yiddish poet and journalist. He was a pioneer in the creation of Canadian Yiddish literary journals, and was the foremost proponent of literary modernism in Yiddish Canada. His lyric poetry combines religious and folk tradition, modernist American literary practice, and Canadian landscape and atmosphere.

Literary magazine
A literary magazine is a periodical devoted to literature in a broad sense. Literary magazines usually publish a mix of fiction and non-fiction. Short stories and poetry are common literary forms published, but some magazines may publish serial literature—a novel which is revealed in sections over multiple issues. Non-fiction writing may be from staff of the literary magazine to make commentary about their magazine or about culture related to literature. Non-fiction from contributors may take the form of essays, literary criticism, book reviews, biographical profiles of authors, interviews, and letters. Literary magazines are often called literary journals (or little magazines) to contrast them with larger, commercial magazines.
Pilosocereus lanuginosus
Pilosocereus lanuginosus is a species of flowering plant in the cactus family Cactaceae, native to Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao in the Leeward Islands. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 as Cactus lanuginosus.

Leeward Islands
The Leeward Islands (/ˈliːwərd/) are a group of islands in the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies in the Caribbean region of the Americas, situated where the northeastern Caribbean Sea meets the western North Atlantic Ocean. Starting with the Virgin Islands east of the Greater Antilles main island of Puerto Rico, they extend southeast to Guadeloupe and its dependencies. They lie north of the Windward Islands, southern islands from Dominica to Trinidad and Tobago, and northwest of the Leeward Antilles, southwestern islands from the Federal Dependencies of Venezuela to Aruba.

In English, the term Leeward Islands refers to the northern islands of the Lesser Antilles chain. The more southerly part of this chain, from Dominica to Trinidad and Tobago, is known as the Windward Islands. Dominica was initially considered a part of the Leeward Islands, but was transferred from the British Leeward Islands to the British Windward Islands in 1940.
Margaret Rawlings
Margaret Rawlings, Lady Barlow (5 June 1906 – 19 May 1996) was an English stage actress, born in Osaka, Japan, daughter of the Rev. George William Rawlings and his wife Lilian (née Boddington) Rawlings.

Cambridge Theatre
The Cambridge Theatre is a West End theatre, on a corner site in Earlham Street facing Seven Dials, in the London Borough of Camden, built in 1929–30 for Bertie Meyer on an "irregular triangular site".