hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sack Island
Sack Island is a rocky island, 0.7 kilometres (0.4 nmi) long, lying 0.4 kilometres (0.2 nmi) east of the south end of Holl Island, in the Windmill Islands. First mapped from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in February 1947. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Norman F. Sack who served as photographer's mate with the central task force of U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and assisted Operation Windmill parties in obtaining photographic coverage of this area in January 1948.

Operation Highjump
Operation HIGHJUMP, officially titled The United States Navy Antarctic Developments Program, 1946–1947, (also called Task Force 68), was a United States Navy (USN) operation to establish the Antarctic research base Little America IV. The operation was organized by Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd, Jr., USN, Officer in Charge, Task Force 68, and led by Rear Admiral Ethan Erik Larson, USN, Commanding Officer, Task Force 68. Operation HIGHJUMP commenced 26 August 1946 and ended in late February 1947. Task Force 68 included 4,700 men, 13 ships, and 33 aircraft.
Count Only the Happy Moments
Count Only the Happy Moments (Swedish: Räkna de lyckliga stunderna blott) is a 1944 Swedish historical drama film directed by Rune Carlsten and starring Sonja Wigert, Arnold Sjöstrand and Olof Widgren. It was shot at the Centrumateljéerna Studios in Stockholm and on location in the Old Town and in Uppsala. The film's sets were designed by the art director Bertil Duroj. It is based on the 1882 Guy de Maupassant short story Une veuve ("A widow").

Gamla Stan
Gamla Stan (Swedish: [ˈɡâmːla ˈstɑːn], "The Old Town"), until 1980 officially Staden mellan broarna ("The Town between the Bridges"), is the old town of Stockholm, Sweden. Gamla Stan consists primarily of the island Stadsholmen. Gamla Stan includes the surrounding islets Riddarholmen, Helgeandsholmen and Strömsborg. It has a population of approximately 3,000.

Gamla Stan has played a prominent role in the history of Swedish architecture, with many of Sweden's most renowned architects shaping the area; these include figures such as Nicodemus Tessin and Carl Hårleman, who worked on the Stockholm Palace, still located in the area.

Other notable buildings in the old town include Tessin Palace, the Stockholm Stock Exchange Building, Bonde Palace (seat of the Swedish Supreme Court) and the House of Nobility; the last of these buildings hosted the parliament for many years.
Sailing at the 2003 Pan American Games
The 2003 Pan American Games hosted eight different sailing events. Men competed in the Mistral and Laser Standard events. Women also competed in the Mistral event, but they then competed in the Laser Radial event instead of the Laser Standard. There were also four open events this year, which included Sunfish, Snipe, Hobie 16, and J/24. Brazil won the gold medal count and tied Canada for the total medal count in sailing events. Argentina trailed with three total medals while Chile, Mexico, and the United States got two total medals each.

Hobie 16
The ISAF International Class Hobie 16 (H16) is a popular catamaran manufactured by the Hobie Cat Company for racing and day sailing. The craft was the driving force behind the popularization of beachcats.

Introduced in 1971, the Hobie 16 is the second largest boat fleet in existence with over 135,000 boats built to date.

The boat is distinctly recognized for its asymmetric "banana" shaped hulls, designed to work without the need for daggerboards so the catamaran could be run up the beach without worry. The rudders kick up automatically by lifting up on the tiller crossbar.
James Atkins (artist)
James Atkins (born 1941)  is an American artist known for his paintings of Philadelphia. Mainly self-taught, Atkins attended art classes at Samuel S. Fleisher Art Memorial art school in South Philadelphia.

Atkins' work was included in the 2011 exhibition The Chemistry of Color: The Sorgenti Collection of Contemporary African-American Art at the Hudson River Museum. His work was also included in the 2015 exhibition We Speak: Black Artists in Philadelphia, 1920s–1970s at the Woodmere Art Museum.

His work is in the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts.

Hudson River Museum
The Hudson River Museum, located in Trevor Park in Yonkers, New York, is the largest museum in Westchester County, and features the only public planetarium in the county. While often considered an art museum due to its extensive collection of Hudson River School paintings, the museum also presents exhibits on the history, science and heritage of the region.The Museum is accredited by the American Alliance of Museums, since 1974.
Walpole–Townshend ministry
The government of Great Britain was under the joint leadership of Prime Minister Robert Walpole (in the House of Commons) and Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend (in the House of Lords), from 1721 until Townshend departed from the government in 1730.

Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend
Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend, KG PC FRS(/ˈtaʊnzənd/; 18 April 1674 – 21 June 1738) was a British Whig statesman. From 1714 to 1717, and again from 1721 to 1730, he served as Secretary of State for the Northern Department. He directed British foreign policy in close collaboration with his brother-in-law, prime minister Robert Walpole. He was often known as Turnip Townshend because of his strong interest in farming field turnips and his role in the British Agricultural Revolution.
Bhakta Bahadur Shah
Bhakta Bahadur Shah (Nepali: भक्त बहादुर शाह) is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Pragatisheel Loktantrik Party. He was the deputy chairman of the NSP. In the 2008 Constituent Assembly election, he was elected from the Jajarkot-2 constituency, receiving 11,938 votes.

Pragatisheel Loktantrik Party
The Pragatisheel Loktantrik Party (Nepali: प्रगतिशील लोकतान्त्रिक पार्टी, lit. 'Progressive Democratic Party'abbr. PLP, PraLoPa (Nepali: प्रलोपा)) is a left-wing political party in Nepal. The party formation was announced on 14 November 2025 through an agreement signed by former Prime Minister Baburam Bhattarai's Nepal Socialist Party, Janardan Sharma's Progressive National Campaign, and Santosh Pariyar, former leader of the Rastriya Swatantra Party. The party retained the eye as its election symbol.
Wild Girl (film)
Wild Girl is a 1932 American pre-Code historical drama Western film directed by Raoul Walsh and starring Charles Farrell, Joan Bennett, Ralph Bellamy, and Eugene Pallette. The film was based on a play by Paul Armstrong Jr., which in turn was based on the 1889 short story, Salomy Jane's Kiss, and 1910 novel, Salomy Jane's Kiss, by Bret Harte. The story had been previously filmed as Salomy Jane (1914) and Salomy Jane (1923).

Raoul Walsh
Raoul Walsh (born Albert Edward Walsh; March 11, 1887 – December 31, 1980) was an American film director, actor, founding member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), and the brother of silent cinema actor George Walsh. He portrayed John Wilkes Booth in the silent film The Birth of a Nation (1915) and directed the widescreen epic The Big Trail (1930) starring John Wayne in his first leading role, The Roaring Twenties starring James Cagney and Humphrey Bogart, High Sierra (1941) starring Ida Lupino and Humphrey Bogart, and White Heat (1949) starring James Cagney and Edmond O'Brien. He directed his last film in 1964. His work has been noted as influences on directors such as Rainer Werner Fassbinder and Martin Scorsese.
Elias Mayes
Elias Mayes (February 15, 1831 – January 5, 1910) was an American politician, farmer, and Methodist Episcopal minister who served as a member of the Texas House of Representatives. He was elected as a Republican to the Texas Sixteenth and Twenty-first legislatures and represented Brazos County.

21st Texas Legislature
The 21st Texas Legislature met from January 8 to April 6, 1889, in regular session. All members of the House of Representatives and a portion of the members of the Senate were elected in the 1888 general election.
Muhammad Zaiyan-Umar
Muhammad zaiyan-Umar  is a Nigerian professor of Political Science at Usman Danfodio University sokoto state and the Vice-Chancellor of  Federal University of Birnin Kebbi taking over from Bello Bala Shehu after 5 years in office. He was the former Deputy Vice Chancellor of Sokoto State University before he was appointed as the  Vice-Chancellor of the University of Birnin Kebbi by the governing council of the school in 2022.

Federal University, Birnin Kebbi
Federal University, Birnin Kebbi is a university based in Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria. It was established on 18 February 2013, alongside Gusau and Gashua by the Federal Republic of Nigeria under the leadership of President Goodluck Ebele Jonathan, GCFR, in line with the policy of the Government for establishing a Federal University in each of the states that did not have one across the federation.
Allenypterus
Allenypterus is an extinct genus of coelacanths which lived during the Bashkirian age of the Late Carboniferous period, 318 million years ago). Fossils have been discovered in Bear Gulch Limestone, Montana, USA.

Restoration

Allenypterus montanus. Heath Formation, Bear Gulch, Montana (USA). At the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology.

Allenypterus montanus, Museum of the Rockies

Big Snowy Group
The Big Snowy Group is a stratigraphical unit of Chesterian age in the Williston Basin.

It takes the name from Big Snowy Mountains in Montana, and was first described on the north slopes of the mountain by H.W. Smith in 1935.
Killing of Natalie Connolly
Natalie Connolly died on 18 December 2016 due to a violent assault. Her partner, John Broadhurst, pleaded guilty to manslaughter. Broadhurst claimed that she consented to the 40 injuries she sustained in his "rough sex" defence. His failure to call upon emergency services to treat her injuries resulted in her bleeding to death.

The injuries inflicted upon Connolly included "lacerations to her vagina resulting in arterial and venous haemorrhage" from the insertion of a bottle of carpet cleaner, bruises from Broadhurst beating her with his hand and a suede boot, a "blowout fracture to her left orbit", injuries to her breasts, alongside many others.

Exsanguination
Exsanguination is the loss of blood from the circulatory system of a vertebrate, usually leading to death.  The word comes from the Latin 'sanguis', meaning blood, and the prefix 'ex-', meaning 'out of'.

Exsanguination has long been used as a method of animal slaughter.

In the past, bloodletting was a common medical procedure or therapy, but it is now rarely used in medicine.

Depending upon the health of the individual, a person usually dies from losing half to two-thirds of their blood; a loss of roughly one-third of the blood volume is considered a critical condition. Even a single deep cut can warrant suturing and hospitalization, especially if trauma, a vein or artery, or another comorbidity is involved.
Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S6
28S ribosomal protein S6, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPS6 gene.

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 28S subunit protein that belongs to the ribosomal protein S6P family. Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene are found on chromosomes 1p and 12q.

5S ribosomal RNA
The 5S ribosomal RNA (5S rRNA) is an approximately 120 nucleotide-long ribosomal RNA molecule with a mass of 40 kDa. It is a structural and functional component of the large subunit of the ribosome in all domains of life (bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes), with the exception of mitochondrial ribosomes of fungi and animals. The designation 5S refers to the molecule's sedimentation coefficient in an ultracentrifuge, which is measured in Svedberg units (S).
Catherine D. DeAngelis
Catherine D. DeAngelis is the first woman and the first pediatrician to become editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). She has also edited several additional medical journals. Before assuming the editor's position at JAMA in 2000, DeAngelis was a professor and Vice Dean of Faculty at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. She is the 2015 recipient of the John Howland Award, the most prestigious award given by the American Pediatric Society (APS).

Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSOM) is the medical school of Johns Hopkins University, a private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. Established in 1893 following the construction of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Hopkins became a model for modern medical education. The school is recognized as a major center of biomedical research and is consistently ranked as one of the top medical schools in the United States.

The School of Medicine is located in Baltimore, where it shares a campus in East Baltimore with the School of Nursing, Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins Hospital, the school's primary teaching hospital. As part of the larger Johns Hopkins Medicine health system, the school is also affiliated with numerous regional hospitals and medical centers including the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins Howard County Medical Center, Suburban Hospital in Montgomery County, Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington, D.C.
Physical layer
In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the physical layer or layer 1 is the first and lowest layer: the layer most closely associated with the physical connection between devices. The physical layer provides an electrical, mechanical, and procedural interface to the transmission medium. The shapes and properties of the electrical connectors, the frequencies to transmit on, the line code to use and similar low-level parameters are specified by the physical layer.

At the electrical layer, the physical layer is commonly implemented in a dedicated PHY chip or, in electronic design automation (EDA), by a design block. In mobile computing, the MIPI Alliance *-PHY family of interconnect protocols are widely used.

Asynchronous serial communication
Asynchronous serial communication is a form of serial communication in which the communicating endpoints' interfaces are not continuously synchronized by a common clock signal. Synchronization (clock recovery) is done by data-embedded signal: the data stream contains synchronization information in a form of start and stop signals set before and after each payload transmission. The start signal prepares the receiver for arrival of data and the stop signal resets its state to enable triggering of a new sequence.

A common kind of start-stop transmission is ASCII over RS-232, for example for use in teletypewriter operation.
The Love Embrace of the Universe, the Earth (Mexico), Myself, Diego, and Señor Xolotl
The Love Embrace of the Universe, the Earth (Mexico), Myself, Diego, and Señor Xolotl is a 1949 painting by Frida Kahlo. Created in Mexico, the 70 cm x 60.5 cm painting was painted with oil on Masonite. It was featured on the reverse of the Series F $500 peso banknote, issued in 2010.

Masonite
Masonite, also called Quartboard or pressboard, is a type of engineered wood made of steam-cooked and pressure-molded wood or paper fibers. The fibers form a stiff, dense material in a range of weights.

The process was formulated and patented by American inventor William H. Mason.

Masonite has been widely used in traditional school and office products such as spiral-bound notebooks and three-ring binders, but its unique physical characteristics lend themselves readily to a variety of end-uses, including (but not limited to) document storage, filing supplies (classification and file folders), report covers, folding cartons, tags, labels, and industrial applications.
Kew House
Kew House is  an architecturally notable house designed by Australian architect Sean Godsell as his own family home, built in 1996–1997 and located at 8 Hodgson Street in Kew, Victoria, Australia.

It is a striking minimalist composition, an 18m by 9m glass box, encased on two sides by rusted metal screens, that cantilevers 5.5m over a steep slope at the front of the block. It is a significant award-winning early project by Godsell, who became an acclaimed local architect, and was published internationally.

Kew, Victoria
Kew (/kjuː/) is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, found 5 km east from Melbourne's Central Business District. Kew is located within the City of Boroondara local government area. Kew recorded a population of 24,499 at the 2021 census.

A city in its own right from 1860 to 1994, Kew was amalgamated with the cities of Hawthorn and Camberwell to form the City of Boroondara. The suburb borders the Yarra River to the west and northwest, with Kew East to the northeast, Hawthorn and Hawthorn East to its south, and with Balwyn, Balwyn North and Deepdene to the east.
Caitlin Myers
Caitlin Knowles Myers is an American economist, currently the John G. McCullough Professor of Economics at Middlebury College and a Research Associate with the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER).

She is known for her research on the impacts of contraception and abortion policies in the United States. In 2021, when the U.S. Supreme Court agreed to hear the Dobbs vs. Jackson Women's Health Organization case, she led an effort to compile the best economic research on the impact of abortion access on women's lives into an amicus brief, which was signed by more than 150 economists.

Middlebury College
Middlebury College is a private liberal arts college in Middlebury, Vermont, United States. Founded in 1800 by Congregationalists, Middlebury was the first operating college or university in Vermont.

In the fall of 2024, the college enrolled 2,760 undergraduates from all 50 states and 74 countries and offers 45 majors in the arts and humanities as well as joint engineering programs. In addition to its undergraduate liberal arts program, the school also has graduate schools, the Middlebury College Language Schools, the Bread Loaf School of English, and the Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey, as well as its C.V. Starr-Middlebury Schools Abroad international programs. Middlebury's 31 varsity teams are the Middlebury Panthers and compete in the NCAA Division III's New England Small College Athletic Conference.
Hedwig Andersen
Hedwig Andersen (9 June 1866 in Memel, Kingdom of Prussia − 29 March 1957 in Schönborn near Eutin) was with Clara Schlaffhorst founder of the Methode nach Schlaffhorst und Andersen, a method of respiration, speech and voice therapy.

Eutin
Eutin (German pronunciation: [ɔʏˈtiːn] ⓘ) is the district capital of Eastern Holstein county located in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein. As of December 2022, the town had some 17,000 inhabitants.
San Juan Comalapa
San Juan Comalapa is a town, with a population of 32,312 (2018 census), and a municipality in the Chimaltenango department of Guatemala.

San Juan Comalapa is sometimes called the "Florence of America", because of the many Kaqchikel painters living there (one of the more celebrated painters being Paula Nicho Cumez). It is also the birthplace of Rafael Álvarez Ovalle, who composed Guatemala national anthem.  The painting tradition started in the 1930s, when Kaqchikel painter Andrés Curruchich (1891–1969) started painting with oil. His creativity was noted so much that he started showing his art in the United States and achieved international success. Because of this, Curruchiche decided to teach the new generations his form of painting. Today there are some 500 painters in San Juan Comalapa, and the majority of them still use the techniques of Curruchiche.  These painters are dedicated to paint the costumes, life experiences and traditions of the Indian towns.

National anthem of Guatemala
The National Anthem of Guatemala (Spanish: Himno Nacional de Guatemala) was an initiative of the government of General José María Reina Barrios. Its music was composed by Rafael Álvarez Ovalle and its original lyrics written by Cuban poet and diplomat José Joaquín Palma, in the context of the cultural and industrial event Exposición Centroamericana of 1897.

The anthem was particularly warmongering and reflected the Cuban War of Independence more than the independence of Central America. Due to this, by a 1934 order of President Jorge Ubico  some changes to the lyrics were made by pedagogue José María Bonilla Ruano.

The lyrics and score were printed for the first time in the culture magazine La Ilustración Guatemalteca, where the original author of the lyrics appeared as "Anonymous". It was not until 1910, shortly before his death, that Palma confessed being the author.
Parvez Haris
Parvez Haris (Bengali: পারভেজ হারিস) is a professor of biomedical science at the School of Allied Health Sciences in De Montfort University, United Kingdom. He is an Editor-in-Chief of Biomedical Spectroscopy and Imaging. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry and Public Health as well. He is going to deliver speech for the International Biotech Symposium 2021 in Bangladesh. Bengali scientists Parvez Haris has been selected in the top 1 percent or 100 thousand scientists list of the University of Stanford in the United States. He is a member of International Scientific Committee of Nutrition and Food Engineering. He received the UK Bangladesh Catalysts of Commerce and Industry Awards (UKBCCI) on the category of business innovation in 2019.

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
The World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology or WASET is a predatory publisher of open access academic journals. The publisher has been listed as a "potential, possible, or probable" predatory publisher by American library scientist Jeffrey Beall and is listed as such by the Max Planck Society. WASET's estimated annual revenue in 2017 alone was over $4 million, with other estimates ranging from $8.9 million to $11.9 million for the years 2014 to 2019 combined.
Orna Banai
Orna Banai (Hebrew: אורנה בנאי; born 25 November 1966) is an Israeli actress, stand-up comedian and politician who won the 2006 Israeli Television Academy Award, and was a past member of the Tel Aviv-Yafo city Council. Many of her relatives are successful Israeli actors and singers. The next generation of the Banai family, including Orna and her brothers, Meir and Eviatar, followed this tradition.

Tel Aviv-Yafo Municipality
Tel Aviv-Yafo Municipality (Hebrew: עיריית תל אביב-יפו) is the arm of local government responsible for the administration of the Israeli city of Tel Aviv-Yafo. Tel Aviv-Yafo Municipality handles such municipal affairs as education, culture, social welfare, infrastructure, urban planning and sanitation. The current head of the municipality is Ron Huldai.