hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battles of Parczew, Jabłoń and Milanów
The Battles of Parczew, Jabłoń and Milanów constituted one of the major battles between the Polish Army and the Red Army during the Soviet invasion of Poland. They took place on September 29–30 of 1939 at the beginning of the Second World War. They resulted in a Polish victory, as the Polish units successfully broke through the Soviet forces near the town of Parczew and progressed towards the Świętokrzyskie Mountains.

Świętokrzyskie Mountains
The Świętokrzyskie Mountains (Polish: Góry Świętokrzyskie, IPA: [ˈɡurɨ ɕfjɛntɔˈkʂɨskʲɛ] ⓘ), often anglicized to Holy Cross Mountains, are a mountain range in central Poland, near the city of Kielce.

The mountain range comprises several lesser ranges, the highest of which is Łysogóry (literally "Bald Mountains").

The two highest peaks are Łysica, 614 m (2014.44 ft), and Łysa Góra, 594 m (1948.81 ft).

Together with the Jura Krakowsko-Częstochowska and some other regions, the mountains form a region called the Lesser-Poland Upland (Wyżyna Małopolska). Geologically speaking, the Holy Cross Mountains possess also a margin which extends further than the mountains themselves; the Owadów–Brzezinki palaeontological site is situated in the margin of the Holy Cross Mountains, but not in the mountains themselves.

They cover an area of 1684 km2 (650 mi2).

The approximate location is 50°53′N 20°55′E﻿ / ﻿50.883°N 20.917°E﻿ / 50.883; 20.917.
Russell Midcap Index
The Russell Midcap Index is a stock market index that measures performance of the 800 smallest companies (approximately 27% of total capitalization) in the Russell 1000 Index.

As of 30 November 2022, the stocks of the Russell Midcap Index had a weighted average market capitalization of approximately $22.64 billion, median market capitalization of $9.91 billion, and the market capitalization of the largest company is $54.74 billion.

The index, which was launched on November 1, 1991, is maintained by FTSE Russell, a subsidiary of the London Stock Exchange Group. Its ticker symbol is ^RMCC.

Ticker symbol
A ticker symbol or stock symbol is an abbreviation used to uniquely identify publicly traded shares of a particular stock or security on a particular stock exchange. Ticker symbols are arrangements of symbols or characters (generally Latin letters or digits) which provide a shorthand for investors to refer to, purchase, and research securities. Some exchanges include ticker extensions, which encode additional information such as share class, bankruptcy status, or voting rights into the ticker.

The first ticker symbol was used in 1867, following the invention of the ticker tape machine by Edward Calahan. It was used to identify shares of the Union Pacific Railroad Company.
Hohe Geest
The Hohe Geest ("High Geest") is a region in North Germany that consists of the old moraines and end moraines of the earlier ice ages. This geest region which comprises the  "Hohe" and the "Niedere Geest" ("Low Geest"), is the central natural region in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein.

Part of the Hohe Geest is the Heide-Itzehoe Geest.

The Hohe Geest is also the name of a road in Münster (Westfalen).

Terminal moraine
A terminal moraine, also called an end moraine, is a type of moraine that forms at the terminal (edge) of a glacier, marking its maximum advance. At this point, debris that has accumulated by plucking and abrasion, has been pushed by the front edge of the ice, is driven no further and instead is deposited in an unsorted pile of sediment. Because the glacier acts very much like a conveyor belt, the longer it stays in one place, the greater the amount of material that will be deposited. The moraine is left as the marking point of the terminal extent of the ice.
Great Synagogue (Lutsk)
The Great Synagogue is a former Orthodox Jewish synagogue, located at 33 Karaimska Street, in the Jewish quarter of Lutsk (Polish: Łuck), in Volyn Oblast, Ukraine. The congregation worshipped in the Ashkenazi rite.

The Renaissance fortress synagogue building was built in 1626 in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and it was the religious, educational and community centre of Lutsk Jews until the invasion of Poland in World War II. Partially destroyed in 1942, the synagogue was restored in the 1970s and was subsequently used as a sports club.

Nusach (Jewish custom)
In Judaism, a nusach or nusakh (Hebrew: נוסח, romanized: nusáḥ, Yiddish: נוסח, romanized: núsekh, pl. נוסחים nusaḥim, Yiddish: נוסחאות, romanized: nuskhóes) is the exact text of a Jewish prayer service, sometimes translated as "rite". Nusach may more accurately translate to "formulation" or "wording".

The texts of siddurim used by the array of Jewish ethnic divisions and religious movements include Baladi-rite prayer, nusach Ashkenaz, nusach Sefard, nusach edot haMizraḥ, Italian nusach, and nusach Ari.

A textual nusach is distinct from a musical nusach, the latter referring to a community's musical style or tradition, particularly the chanted melodies used for the Amidah and other recitative prayers.
LG G5
The LG G5 is an Android smartphone developed by LG Electronics as part of the LG G series. It was announced during Mobile World Congress as the successor to the 2015 LG G4. The G5 is distinguished from its predecessors by its aluminum chassis and a focus on modularity. Its lower housing, which holds the user-replaceable battery, can be slid from the bottom of the device, and replaced by alternative add-on modules that provide additional functions. Two modules are available: a camera grip, and a high-fidelity audio module with DAC. A lower-spec variation, dubbed the LG G5 SE, is available in some markets.

The G5 received mixed reviews. The device was praised for its shift to all-metal construction, while maintaining its removable battery. However, the modular accessory system was criticized for its limited use cases and for its inability to perform hot swapping. LG's software, too, was panned for the quality of its customizations.

LG Electronics
LG Electronics Inc. (Korean: 엘지 전자; RR: Elji Jeonja) is a South Korean multinational major appliance and consumer electronics corporation headquartered in Yeouido-dong, Seoul, South Korea. LG Electronics is a part of LG Corporation, the fourth largest chaebol in South Korea, and often considered as the pinnacle of LG Corp with the group's chemical and battery division LG Chem. It comprises four business units: home entertainment, mobility, home appliances & air solutions, and business solutions. LG Electronics acquired Zenith in 1995 and is the largest shareholder of LG Display, the world's largest display company by revenue in 2020. LG Electronics is also the world's second largest television manufacturer behind Samsung Electronics. The company has 128 operations worldwide, employing 83,000 people.
Tracy Point
Tracy Point (66°18′S 110°27′E﻿ / ﻿66.300°S 110.450°E﻿ / -66.300; 110.450) is the westernmost point of Beall Island in the Windmill Islands of Antarctica. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Radioman Gordon F. Tracy, U.S. Navy, a member of the Wilkes Station party of 1958.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Tracy Point". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Operation Windmill
Operation Windmill (OpWml) was the United States Navy's Second Antarctica Developments Project, an exploration and training mission to Antarctica in 1947–1948. This operation was a follow-up to the First Antarctica Development Project known as Operation Highjump (1946–1947). The expedition was commanded by Commander Gerald L. Ketchum, USN, and the flagship of Task Force 39 was the icebreaker USS Burton Island.

Missions during Operation Windmill varied including supply activities, helicopter reconnaissance of ice flows, scientific surveys, underwater demolition surveys, and convoy exercises. Malcolm Davis collected live animals, such as penguins and leopard seals, for zoological studies.

The icebreaker USS Edisto (AG-89) sailed on 1 November 1947 for the Panama Canal to rendezvous with the Burton Island for the expedition.
Goudouko
Goudouko is a town in southern Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Lakota Department in Lôh-Djiboua Region, Gôh-Djiboua District.

Goudouko was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Goudouko was 26,641.

Lôh-Djiboua
Lôh-Djiboua Region is one of the 31 regions of Ivory Coast. Since its creation in 2011, it has been one of two regions in Gôh-Djiboua District. The regional seat is Divo and the region's area is 10,650 km². At the 2021 census, the region had a population of 1,103,158.
2025 CONCACAF Gold Cup Group C
Group C of the 2025 CONCACAF Gold Cup consisted of Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Jamaica, and Panama. Teams in this group played from June 16 to 24, 2025. The top two teams, Panama and Guatemala, advanced to the quarter-finals, while the other two teams were eliminated.

Jamaica national football team
The Jamaica national football team represents Jamaica in men's international football, which is governed by the Jamaica Football Federation founded in 1910. It has been an affiliate member of FIFA since 1962 and an affiliate member of CONCACAF since 1963. Regionally, it is an affiliate member of CFU in the Caribbean Zone.

Jamaica has qualified for the FIFA World Cup once (1998), achieving its first victory after defeating Japan 2–1.

Jamaica has participated sixteen times in CONCACAF's premier continental competition, finishing as runners-up twice in the CONCACAF Gold Cup (2015 and 2017). It has participated three times in League A and once in League B of the CONCACAF Nations League, finishing in third place in the 2024 Finals. It has also participated three times in the Copa América (2015, 2016 and 2024).

Regionally, the team won 6 Caribbean Cup titles (organized by CFU).
Alf Percy
Andrew Main Alfred Percy was a Scottish professional footballer who played as an outside left in the Scottish League for Leith Athletic, East Stirlingshire and Montrose. He also played in the Football League for Clapton Orient.

Montrose F.C.
Montrose Football Club is a Scottish semi-professional football team, based in the town of Montrose, Angus. The club was founded in 1879. They are members of the Scottish Professional Football League and currently play in Scottish League One, the third tier of football in Scotland.
2011 Guatemalan general election
General elections were held in Guatemala on 11 September 2011 in order to elect the president, vice president, members of Congress, members of the Central American Parliament and mayors and councillors for all municipalities. The Patriotic Party emerged as the largest party in Congress, winning 56 of the 158 seats.

As no candidate received more than 50% of the vote, a second round of the presidential election was held on 6 November with Otto Pérez Molina of the PP facing Manuel Baldizón of Renewed Democratic Liberty. Pérez was elected with 53.7% of the vote.

Central American Parliament
14°36′57″N 90°30′38″W﻿ / ﻿14.6158°N 90.5105°W﻿ / 14.6158; -90.5105

The Central American Parliament (Spanish: Parlamento Centroamericano), also known as PARLACEN, is the political institution and parliamentary body of the Central American Integration System (SICA). Its headquarters are in Guatemala City.
Swallow Tales (Cochise album)
Swallow Tales is a 1971 album by British country rock band Cochise.

Cochise was most well known for guitarist Mick Grabham, who joined British rock band Procol Harum after Cochise dissolved in 1972.  The album was released in 1971, and featured several supporting artists including Tim Renwick and Cat Batchelor. The album was released by music label Liberty Records.

The album was originally released as an LP, and was later released on CD. The album was produced by Dick Taylor in conjunction with the band.

Procol Harum
Procol Harum (/ˈproʊkəl ˈhɑːrəm/) were an English rock band formed in Southend-on-Sea, Essex, in 1967. Their best-known recording is the 1967 hit single "A Whiter Shade of Pale", one of the few singles to have sold more than 10 million copies. Although noted for their baroque and classical influence, Procol Harum's music is described as psychedelic rock and proto-prog with hints of the blues, R&B, and soul.

In 2018, the band was honoured by the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame when "A Whiter Shade of Pale" was inducted into the new Singles category. They had previously been nominated as performers in 2012.
Oliver Dalrymple
Oliver Dalrymple (1830–1908) was an American bonanza farmer and land speculator who grew very rich during his time in the 19th century. He was notable for his production of 600,000 bushels of wheat in one year, with one of the largest farms in the United States. Its size has been estimated at 115 square miles, and was opened in 1875. Having died in 1908, his farm was then passed down to his two sons, William Dalrymple and John Stewart Dalrymple.

In 1873, he ran for Governor of Minnesota for the Minnesota Democratic Party. He lost the nomination to Ara Barton.

Governor of Minnesota
The governor of Minnesota is the head of government of the state of Minnesota, leading the state's executive branch. Forty people have been governor of Minnesota, and previously three of Minnesota Territory. Alexander Ramsey, the first territorial governor, also served as state governor several years later.  State governors are elected to office by popular vote; territorial governors were appointed to the office by the United States president. The current governor of Minnesota is Tim Walz of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (DFL), affiliated with the Democratic Party.
Blue Planet Eyes
Blue Planet Eyes is the debut studio album by Australian rock band the Preatures, released on 30 September 2014 through Mosy Recordings and Universal Music Australia.

Blue Planet Eyes debuted and peaked at number 4 on the ARIA Albums Chart and was certified gold in 2018. The single version of the song "It Gets Better", retitled "Better Than It Ever Could Be", was featured in the online setlist for Guitar Hero Live in 2015.

The album includes their 2013 breakthrough single, "Is This How You Feel?".

Universal Music Australia
Universal Music Australia Pty Ltd. (UMA) is the largest Australian music corporation. It is a division of the Universal Music Group. Universal Music Australia's corporate headquarters are located in Sydney, Australia.
Ibstock
Ibstock is a former coal mining village and civil parish in North West Leicestershire, England. The population of the civil parish was 5,760 at the 2001 census increasing to  6,201 at the 2011 census and 7,615 at the 2021 census.

The village is on the A447 road between Coalville and Hinckley.

The toponym Ibstock could be a derivative of Ibestoche meaning the farmstead or hamlet of Ibba, which is an Old English personal name also found in other toponyms.

Samuel Lewis (publisher)
Samuel Lewis (c. 1782 – 28 February 1865) was a British editor and publisher of topographical dictionaries and maps of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The aim of the texts was to give in "a condensed form" a faithful and impartial description of each place. The firm of Samuel Lewis and Co. was based in London.
2022 Irkutsk Sukhoi Su-30 crash
At about 17:30 local time on 23 October 2022, a Su-30 crashed in the city of Irkutsk in eastern Russia. The Su-30SM aircraft was performing a test flight when it fell on a wooden two-story residential building in 2nd Sovetsky Lane. Both the pilots were killed. The residents of the house were not hurt as they were not home.

Irkutsk Time
Irkutsk Time (IRKT) is the time zone eight hours ahead of UTC (UTC+08:00) and 5 hours ahead of Moscow Time (MSK+5).

The time zone covers Buryatia and Irkutsk Oblast.

On 27 March 2011, Russia moved to year-round daylight saving time.  Instead of switching between UTC+08:00 in winter and UTC+09:00 in summer, Irkutsk Time became fixed at UTC+09:00 until 2014, when it was reset back to UTC+08:00 year-round.
Gastrotheca trachyceps
Gastrotheca trachyceps is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to the Cauca Department, Colombia, and is known from its type locality, Cerro Munchique in the Cordillera Occidental, and Vereda Santa Elena (Popayán) in the Cordillera Central. The specific name trachyceps is said to be derived from Greek trachy meaning "rough" and Latin ceps meaning "head", in reference to the rough appearance of the head. The proper word in Latin for head, however, is caput. The common name Cerro Munchique marsupial frog has been coined for it.

Cauca Department
Cauca Department (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkawka], Spanish: Departamento del Cauca) is a department of Southwestern Colombia. Located in the southwestern part of the country, facing the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Valle del Cauca Department to the north, Tolima Department to the northeast, Huila Department to the east, and Nariño Department to the south. Putumayo and Caqueta Departments border the southeast portion of Cauca Department as well. It covers a total area of 29,308 km2 (11,316 sq mi), the 13th largest in Colombia. Its capital is the city of Popayán. The offshore island of Malpelo belongs to the department. It is located in the southwest of the country, mainly in the Andean and Pacific regions (between 0°58′54″N and 3°19′04″N latitude, 75°47′36″W and 77°57′05″W longitude) plus a tiny part (Piamonte) in the Amazonian region. The area makes up 2.56% of the country.
Australian rules football during the world wars
Australian rules football was heavily affected by both World War I and World War II. Hundreds of leading players served their country abroad, and many lost their lives. On the home front, competitions like the Victorian Football League (VFL) went ahead during these wars, but faced many restrictions.

1916 VFL season
The 1916 VFL season was the 20th season of the Victorian Football League (VFL), the highest-level senior Australian rules football competition in Victoria. Played during the peak of World War I, the season was the shortest in the league's history and featured the fewest clubs, with only four clubs – Carlton, Collingwood, Fitzroy and Richmond – featuring in 1916. The season ran from 6 May to 2 September, comprising a twelve-match home-and-away season followed by a four-week finals series featuring all four clubs.

Fitzroy won the premiership, its sixth VFL premiership; despite finishing in last place during the home-and-away season with a 2–9–1 win–loss–draw record, Fitzroy won all three of its finals, culminating in defeating Carlton by 29 points in the 1916 VFL grand final. Carlton won the minor premiership by finishing atop the home-and-away ladder with a 10–2 win–loss record. Collingwood's Dick Lee won his fifth leading goalkicker medal as the league's leading goalkicker.
Ciudad de Catamayo Airport
Ciudad de Catamayo Airport, formerly known as Camilo Ponce Enriquez Airport (IATA: LOH, ICAO: SECA) is an airport serving Loja, the capital of the Loja Province in southern Ecuador. Its name was changed from Camilo Ponce Enriquez Airport (after a former president of the country) to Ciudad de Catamayo Airport on 13 May 2013.

The airport is at Catamayo, a city in a mountain valley 18 kilometres (11 mi) west of Loja. There is rising terrain south of the airport, and mountainous terrain in all other quadrants. The Loja non-directional beacon (Ident: LOJ) is located on the field. Several sources still list the airport ICAO code as SETM.

Camilo Ponce Enríquez (politician)
Camilo Ponce Enríquez (31 January 1912 in Quito – 13 September 1976) was an Ecuadorian political figure. He served as the 30th President of Ecuador between 1956 and 1960.  He was married to Dolores Marta Gracia de Gangotena y Jijón.

Ponce initially ran in the presidential election of 1948, but only came in third place. In 1951 Ponce, along with Sixto Durán Ballén, founded the Movimiento Social Cristiano (MSC), which later became the Partido Social Cristiano (PSC). In 1956 he won the presidential election and named Durán Ballén minister of public works. He ran a final time in the election of 1968, once again coming in third place.
BYU College of Family, Home and Social Sciences
The BYU College of Family, Home, and Social Sciences is a college located on the Provo, Utah campus of Brigham Young University and is housed in the Spencer W. Kimball Tower and Joseph F. Smith Building. The BYU College of Family Living was organized on June 28, 1951, while the BYU College of Social Sciences was organized in 1970.  These two colleges merged to form the current college in 1981. The first dean of the college was Martin B. Hickman. The college includes nine major departments: Anthropology, Economics, Geography, History, Political Science, Psychology, The School of Family Life, Social Work, and Sociology. There are 21 different majors and 21 different minors that students can choose from, including 9 majors that have a correlating minor.

Provo, Utah
Provo (/ˈproʊ.voʊ/ PROH-voh) is a city in and the county seat of Utah County, Utah, United States. It is 43 miles (69 km) south of Salt Lake City along the Wasatch Front, and lies between the cities of Orem to the north and Springville to the south. With a population at the 2020 census of 115,162, Provo is the fourth-largest city in Utah and the principal city in the Provo-Orem metropolitan area, which had a population of 526,810 at the 2010 census. It is Utah's second-largest metropolitan area after Salt Lake City.

Provo is the home to Brigham Young University (BYU), a private higher education institution operated by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Provo also has the LDS Church's largest Missionary Training Center (MTC). The city is a focus area for technology development in Utah, with several billion-dollar startups. The city's Peaks Ice Arena was a venue for the Salt Lake City Winter Olympics in 2002.
Robert J. Nemiroff
Robert J. Nemiroff is an astrophysicist and a professor of physics at Michigan Technological University. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in Astronomy and Astrophysics in 1987 and his B.S. from Lehigh University in Engineering Physics in 1982. He is an active researcher with interests that include gamma-ray bursts, gravitational lensing, and cosmology, and is the co-founder and co-editor of Astronomy Picture of the Day (APOD), the home page of which receives over a million hits a day, approximately 20% of nasa.gov traffic.  He is married and has one daughter.

Lehigh University
Lehigh University (LU) is a private research university in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States. The university was established in 1865 by businessman Asa Packer. Lehigh University's undergraduate programs have been coeducational since the 1971–72 academic year. As of 2022, the university had 5,911 undergraduate students and 1,781 graduate students. The university is classified as "Doctoral Universities R1: Very High Research Activity".
Fateixa
Fateixa is an uninhabited mountain valley near the west coast of the island of São Vicente in Cape Verde. It is 7 km west from the city of Mindelo and 4 km north of São Pedro. It is accessed by the mountain pass Selada de Fateixa. It is surrounded by 300–400 m high mountains, including Cabeça de Gato and Monte de Carrachiça.

São Pedro, Cape Verde
São Pedro is a village in the southwestern part of the island of Sao Vicente, Cape Verde. It is situated on the south coast, approximately 10 km southwest of the island capital Mindelo. In 2010 its population was 991. Cesária Évora Airport, the island's international airport is directly north of São Pedro. It was mentioned as a small port as "P. St. Pedro" in the 1747 map by Jacques-Nicolas Bellin. The lighthouse Farol de D. Amélia sits on the Ponta Machado, 3 km west of the village.